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EDUCATION By: Luisa Espín RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN COLOMBIAN UNIVERSITIES Racism has been present throughout the history of mankind especially during the twentieth century with apartheid in South Africa and racial discrimination in the United States. Colombia is a region that has also been influenced by racism, mainly affecting indigenous and Afro-Colombian populations. Racism has diminished over time and there are organizations in the country that are responsible for protecting the rights of these people. However, universities are an environment where many students are still discriminated and this produces real effects on their academic performance, interpersonal relationships and self-esteem. The attitudes of rejection in the universities produce several troubles in the academic life of students. Afro-Colombians and indigenous experience isolation when they must do group work or exams. Usually, they must work alone or get together with another discriminated students, being the segregation, one of the 22
mechanisms of racism most experienced by them. Generally, discrimination against afro-Colombian and indigenous is not only performed by other students but also some professors can harm these students by means of grades, occasionally they treat them more severely in the application of the rules and assess them in a biased way. In addition, due to the social stigma of being inferior, these people have fewer opportunities to show their abilities and excel in a group of students. These situations make Afro- Colombians and indigenous can not carry out their academic activities in a normal way. One of the fields that is most affected in racism victims is their personal life, especially the way they interact with other people. According to Quintero’s research (1), racism in universities is expressed through explicit practices that aim to segregate and reinforce subordination in the classroom. Segregation is reflected when most students avoid establishing a friendship with Afro- Colombian and indigenous people, they therefore avoid interacting with any student and prefer to relate to people of the same race or ethnicity. Subordination is reflected by racial and ethnic jokes that are a cause of the feeling of rejection experienced by the affected 23
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