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DEFENSES IN GENERAL
• Defenses are grounds or reasons pleaded or offered by the
defendant in a case, showing why the plaintiff, as a matter of law or
fact, should not be given the relief he seeks. There are two kinds of
defenses which may be interposed to an action upon a negotiable
instrument: real, absolute, or universal defenses and personal,
limited, or equitable defenses. Some defenses are either real or
personal depending on the factual situations out of which arise the
particular defense.
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