WHO Classification of Tumours 5th Edition Digestive System Tumours by WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board (z-lib.org).1

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Stage and Prognostic Group - Carcinomas of the Oesophagusand Oesophagogastric Junction*AdenocarcinomaClinical StageSquamous Cell Carcinoma T N MClinical Stage Stage 0 Tis NO MOStage 0 Tis NO MO Stage I T1 NO MOStage I T1 N0.N1 MO Stage IIA T1 N1 MOStage II T2 N0.N1 MO Stage IIB T2 NO MOT3 NO MO Stage III T2 N1 MOStage III T1.T2 N2 MO T3,T4a N0.N1 MOT3 N1.N2 MO Stage IVA T1-T4a N2 MOStage IVA T4a,T4b N0.N1.N2 MO T4b N0.N1.N2 MOAny T N3 MO Any T N3 MOStage IVB Any T Any N M1 Stage IVB Any T Any N M1Pathological StagePathological StageStage 0 Tis NO MO Stage 0 Tis NO MOStage IA T1a NO MO Stage IA T1a NO MOStage IB T1b NO MO Stage IB T1b NO MOStage IIA T2 NO MO Stage IIA T2 NO MOStage I IB T1 N1 MO Stage IIB T1 N1 MOT3 NO MO T3 NO MOStage IIIA T1 N2 MO Stage IIIA T1 N2 MOT2 N1 MO T2 N1 MOStage IIIB T2 N2 MO Stage IIIB T2 N2 MOT3 N1.N2 MO T3 N1.N2 MOT4a N0.N1 MO T4a N0.N1 MOStage IVA T4a N2 MO Stage IVA T4a N2 MOT4b Any N MO T4b Any N MOAny T N3 MO Any T N3 MOStage IVB Any T Any N M1 Stage IVB Any T Any N M1Pathological Prognostic GroupPathological Prognostic GroupGroup T N M Grade Location T N M GradeGroup 0 Tis NO MO N/A Any Group 0 Tis NO MO N/AGroup IA T1a NO MO 1.X Any Group IA T1a NO MO 1.XGroup IB T1a NO MO 2-3 Any Group IB T1a NO MO 2T1b NO MO Any Any T1b NO MO 1.2.XT2 NO MO 1 Any Group IC T1a,Tlb NO MO 3Group IIA T2 NO MO 2-3,X Any T2 NO MO 1.2T3 NO MO Any Lower Group IIA T2 NO MO 3.XT3 NO MO 1 Upper, middle Group IIB T1 N1 MO AnyGroup IIB T3 NO MO 2-3 Upper, middle T3 NO AnyT3 NO MO Any X Group IIIA T1 N2 MO AnyT3 NO MO X Any T2 N1 MO AnyT1 N1 MO Any Any Group IIIB T2 N2 MO AnyGroup IIIA T1 N2 MO Any Any T3 N1.N2 MO AnyT2 N1 MO Any Any T4a N0,N1 MO AnyGroup IIIB T2 N2 MO Any Any Group IVA T4a N2 MO AnyT3 N1.N2 MO Any Any T4b Any N MO AnyT4a N0,N1 MO Any Any Any T N3 MO AnyGroup IVA T4a N2 MO Any Any Group IVB Any T Any N M1 AnyT4b Any N MO Any AnyAny T N3 MO Any Any NoteGroup IVB Any T Any N M1 Any Any ’ The AJCC publishes prognostic groups for adenocarcinomaand squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant therapy(categories with the prefix "y").The information presented here has been excerpted from the 2017 TNM classification of malignant tumours, eighth edition {408.3385A}, © 2017 UICC.A help desk for specific questions about the TNM classification is available at https://www.uicc.org/tnm-help-desk.26 Tumours of the oesophagushttps://t.me/afkebooks
https://afkebooks.comTumours of the oesophagus 27
Page 1 and 2: WHO Classification of Tumours • 5
Page 3 and 4: 9 Tumours of the gallbladder and ex
Page 5 and 6: List of abbreviations3D three-dimen
Page 7 and 8: Introduction to tumours of the dige
Page 9 and 10: One particularly important change i
Page 11 and 12: both low-grade and high-grade compo
Page 13 and 14: Box 1.01 Specific subtypes of mixed
Page 15 and 16: TNM Clinical ClassificationJejunum/
Page 17 and 18: Tumours of the oesophagusEdited by:
Page 19: TNM staging of tumours of the oesop
Page 23 and 24: understanding of their pathogenesis
Page 25 and 26: Squamous papilloma should be differ
Page 27 and 28: Macroscopic appearanceNot clinicall
Page 29 and 30: 3% to 23% (2752,2976}, undoubtedly
Page 31 and 32: The grading of squamous dysplasia i
Page 33 and 34: Box 2.02 Risk factors for oesophage
Page 35 and 36: cell patterns {3669,613,3767}. The
Page 37 and 38: Table 2.02 The Mandard and Becker s
Page 39 and 40: Fig. 2.16 Oesophageal adenoid cysti
Page 41 and 42: Fig. 2.18 Oesophageal mucoepidermoi
Page 43 and 44: Box 2.04 Summary of key genetic abn
Page 45 and 46: Superficialand protrudingtypeType 0
Page 47 and 48: by local resection if submucosal in
Page 49 and 50: similar tumours located in the head
Page 51 and 52: Fig. 2.28 Serotonin-producing oesop
Page 53 and 54: Tumours of the stomachEdited by: Fu
Page 55 and 56: TNM staging of carcinomas of the st
Page 57 and 58: https://afkebooks.comTumours of the
Page 59 and 60: Gastritis and metaplasia: precursor
Page 61 and 62: Fundic gland polypsGenta RMGDefinit
Page 63 and 64: Gastric hyperplastic polypsGenta RM
Page 65 and 66: Gastric dysplasiaKushima RLauwers G
Page 67 and 68: Fig. 3.06 Foveolar-type gastric dys
Page 69 and 70: Chapter 3Fig. 3.10 Intramucosal inv
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Fig.3.13 Intestinal-type adenoma. T
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Foveolar-type adenomaSekine SMontgo
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Gastric pyloric gland adenomaSekine
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Oxyntic gland adenomaYaoTVieth MDef
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Gastric adenocarcinomaCarneiro FFuk
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Fig. 3.27 Early gastric carcinoma.
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Table 3.03 Comparison of the Lauren
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Fig. 3.35 Mixed carcinoma. A Poorly
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Fig. 3.38 Adenocarcinoma with enter
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Established predictive biomarkersER
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component is mandatory, as is exclu
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immunohistochemistry may help deter
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PathogenesisThe frequent presence o
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Fig. 3.46 Gastroblastoma. A The epi
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Table 3.06 Key clinicopathological
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rs>nofofidieoro-inrs»r-T.isJ1.•n
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synaptophysin, whereas chromogranin
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Tumours of the small intestine and
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TNM staging of carcinomas of the sm
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Chapter 4https://afkebooks.comTumou
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neoplasm-associated carcinoma (carc
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Fig.4.02 Duodenal intestinal-type a
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Ampullary adenomaSekine SShia JDefi
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eesart/vn>hsoess-asle-ng'1)2).leire
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adenocarcinomas are slightly differ
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Ampullary adenocarcinomaAdsay NVRei
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pancreatobiliary-type or gastric-ty
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Small intestinal and ampullaryneuro
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Gangliocytic paraganglioma demonstr
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https://afkebooks.com
Page 131 and 132:
TNM staging of adenocarcinomas of t
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https://afkebooks.comTumours of the
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Appendiceal serrated lesions and po
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has also been described in traditio
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notmay 'oursW, ¡ceal■adeid inKH,
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withosisrog-□ursliumomithenealiti
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Appendiceal goblet cell adenocarcin
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Staging (TNM)The staging of appendi
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Clinical featuresThere are no speci
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indication to perform an extended r
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WHO classification of tumours of th
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M - Distant MetastasisMO No distant
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Colorectal serrated lesions and pol
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the development of serrated polyps
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Fig. 6.06 Sessile serrated lesion (
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CytologyNot clinically relevantDiag
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their hierarchy are evident as comp
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cytological features of HGD, includ
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coliears,and/asedaneery ofhisskoff
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Colorectal adenocarcinomaNagtegaal
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Fig. 6.26 Mucinous adenocarcinoma.
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Fig. 6.32 Adenosquamous carcinoma o
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Table 6.03 Overview of the most com
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Qenomic classificationThis approach
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Table6.06 Overview of hereditary ca
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IFig.6.37 Neuroendocrine tumour (NE
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or GLPs (GLP-1 and GLP-2), but ofte
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WHO classification of tumours of th
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Tumours of the anal canal:Introduct
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Inflammatory cloacogenic polypLam A
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Anal condylomaLam AKDefinitionAnal
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Anal squamous dysplasia(intraepithe
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Fig. 7.10 Low-grade squamous intrae
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Fig. 7.13 Anal squamous cell carcin
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Anal adenocarcinomaShia JDefinition
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Fig. 7.19 Fistula-associated anal c
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Anal neuroendocrine neoplasmsLam AK
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>><7’'- W //‘Ax A- X# < 1 V r r
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TNM staging of tumours of the liver
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umours of the liver and intrahepati
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Focal nodular hyperplasia of the li
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Fig, 8.03 Focal nodular hyperplasia
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The presence of thick cell plates,
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Fig. 8.06 p-catenin-activated hepat
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Hepatocellular carcinomaTorbenson M
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invasion into the major bile ducts
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Fig. 8.10 Hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Fig. 8.14 Hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Table 8.09 Histological features an
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Staging (TNM)Staging of HCC follows
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fable 8.10 Molecular findings in he
Page 233 and 234:
Box8.04 The 2017 PRETEXT (PRE-Treat
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Bile duct adenomaTsui WMNakanuma YD
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Cases reported to represent maligna
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Fig, 8.26 Biliary adenofibroma with
Page 241 and 242:
fig. 8.29 Mucinous cystic neoplasm
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Fig. 8.32 Fine-needle aspirate of m
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9Fig. 8.34 Intrahepatic cholangioca
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Fig. 8.37 Intrahepatic cholangiocar
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Staging (TNM)Staging of ¡CCA follo
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Fig. 8.42 Combined hepatocellular-c
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9Tumours of the gallbladder andextr
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TNM staging of tumours of the gallb
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TNM staging of tumours of the dista
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Pyloric gland adenoma of the gallbl
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Biliary intraepithelial neoplasiaBa
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of the epithelium and typically dis
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rFig. 9.06 Intracholecystic papilla
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Intraductal papillary neoplasm of t
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Mutations of RNF43, a tumour suppre
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Carcinoma of the gallbladderRoa JCA
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Fig. 9.18 Mucinous gallbladder carc
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adenocarcinoma component in a seemi
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Carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile
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apSC cohort meta-analysis, the sens
Page 281 and 282:
genome-wide copy-number variations
Page 283 and 284:
>•<sr,¡Iirs1/njaSf5aJITumours of
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TNM staging of carcinomas of the pa
Page 287 and 288:
into two tiers of dysplasia, on the
Page 289 and 290:
Fig. 10.03 Acinar cystic transforma
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Serous neoplasms of the pancreasSin
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Fig. 10.06 Serous cystadenoma. Micr
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pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasi
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surgically resected PDACs, can some
Page 299 and 300:
Serum tumour markers such as CEA an
Page 301 and 302:
Fig. 10.14 Intestinal-type intraduc
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Pancreatic intraductal oncocytic pa
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pancreatic intraductal tubulopapill
Page 307 and 308:
pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasm
Page 309 and 310:
CytologyAspirates contain varying a
Page 311 and 312:
Fig. 10.20 Pancreatic cancer. A Cor
Page 313 and 314:
peripancreatic and retroperitoneal
Page 315 and 316:
Histological subtypesadenosquamous
Page 317 and 318:
Fig. 10.25 Pancreatic ductal adenoc
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mutations) are more frequently asso
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pancreatic acinar cell carcinomaLa
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Fig. 10.29 Acinar cell carcinoma. A
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PancreatoblastomaOhike NLa Rosa SDe
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Fig. 10.35 Pancreatoblastoma. A Squ
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neoplasm (NEN), and have demonstrat
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pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
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adenocarcinomas, because PanNECs fr
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Non-functioning pancreaticneuroendo
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Fig. 10.46 Non-functioning neuroend
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Fig. 10.49 Non-functioning neuroend
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InsulinomaPerren ACouvelard ASinghi
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GastrinomaKasajima ACouvelard ADefi
Page 345 and 346:
VIPomaShi CKasajima ALa Rosa SDefin
Page 347 and 348:
GlucagonomaCouvelard AKlóppel GShi
Page 349 and 350:
SomatostatinomaSinghi ADAdsay NVSas
Page 351 and 352:
ACTH-producing neuroendocrine tumou
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Serotonin-producing neuroendocrinet
Page 355 and 356:
Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma
Page 357 and 358:
further investigation. Similarly, i
Page 359 and 360:
Fig. 10.66 Mixed acinar-neuroendocr
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Haematolymphoid tumoursof the diges
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Haematolymphoid tumours of thediges
Page 365 and 366:
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma o
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PathogenesisFour translocations are
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TFig. 11.09 Immunoproliferative sma
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EtiologyUnknownPathogenesisDTFL har
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Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymph
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Fig. 11.14 Refractory coeliac disea
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Monomorphic epitheliotropic intesti
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Fig. 11.19 Monomorphic epitheliotro
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enteropathy) (206,2028,638). If the
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Fig. 11.22 Indolent T-cell lymphopr
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PathogenesisHSTL shows clonally rea
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Fig. 11.25 EBV+ inflammatory follic
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Diffuse large B-cell lymphomaChan W
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.V.'Vrf •>‘i'i; BB~ b» - M íF
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Follicular lymphomaOttGYoshino TDef
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Mantle cell lymphomaCampo ESeto MDe
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Desirable: morphological features s
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rFig. 11.38 Burkitt lymphoma. A Dif
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of BL: FISH analysis for MYC, BCL2,
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Fig. 11.45 Plasmablastic lymphoma.
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Table 11.04 Clinicopathological fea
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Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomaKo YHL
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4VFig. 11.51 Lymphomatoid gastropat
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Fig. 11.53 Systemic mastocytosis in
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Langerhans cell histiocytosisChan J
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IFollicular dendritic cell sarcomaC
Page 417 and 418:
Histiocytic sarcomaChan JKCPileri S
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Mesenchymal tumours ofthe digestive
Page 421 and 422:
TNM staging of gastrointestinal str
Page 423 and 424:
(familial GIST), NF1 mutations (neu
Page 425 and 426:
Gastrointestinal stromal tumourDei
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Fig. 12.03 Succinate dehydrogenase-
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paediatric GISTs are SDH-deficient
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Fig. 12.09 Epithelioid inflammatory
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events in the vast majority of spor
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The vast majority of SFTs are posit
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for the stomach and colon {2308,693
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Fig. 12.18 Inflammatory fibroid pol
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Fig. 12.22 Plexiform fibromyxoma. A
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CytologyLarge mass-forming leiomyom
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HistopathologyLeiomyosarcomas consi
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Fig. 12.26 Embryonal rhabdomyosarco
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of the skin or other sites (2940).
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Essential and desirable diagnostic
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Fig. 12.31 Epithelioid haemangioend
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Fig. 12.33 Gastric lymphangioma-lik
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AngiosarcomaThway KDoyle LAFukayama
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Glomus tumourThway KDoyle LAFukayam
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Lymphangioma and lymphangiomatosisT
Page 463 and 464:
SchwannomaAntonescu CRHornick JLDef
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Granular cell tumourAntonescu CRHor
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PerineuriomaAntonescu CRHornick JLD
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Ganglioneuroma and ganglioneuromato
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PEComa, including angiomyolipomaHor
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blood vessel walls. Some tumours co
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diagnosed after the age of 5 years
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Macroscopic appearanceCNSET is well
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Fig. 12.56 Synovial sarcoma. A The
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Fig. 12.58 Gastrointestinal clear c
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Embryonal sarcoma of the liverHorni
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Other tumours of the digestive syst
Page 487 and 488:
https://afkebooks.comOther tumours
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Fig. 13.02 Anorectal melanoma. A An
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instances. Intraparenchymal lesions
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diffuse multiorgan manifestation, d
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routine and special staining, immun
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■V.-.ri/ CP ML■'***/. .Genetic
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Table 14.01 The heritable syndromes
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Lynch syndromeFrankel WLArends MJFr
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Genomics and Health as the sole def
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Fig. 14.02 Colon adenocarcinoma fro
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arearrangement and is therefore tra
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Fig. 14.06 Familial adenomatous pol
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deficiency syndrome, and multiple p
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Fig. 14.11 Gastric adenocarcinoma a
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Other adenomatous polyposesArends M
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mutations that give rise to Lynch s
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EtiologyGenetic studies are current
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Hereditary diffuse gastric cancerCa
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Fig. 14.21 Signet-ring cell carcino
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Familial pancreatic cancerHruban RH
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Essential and desirable diagnostic
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Fig. 14.27 Colonic juvenile polyp.
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Peutz-Jeghers syndromeBrosens LAAJa
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Cowden syndromeBrosens LAAJansen MD
Page 535 and 536:
have gastric polyps {671,1869}, whi
Page 537:
ContributorsADSAY, N. VolkanIstanbu
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WHO Classification of Tumours 5th Edition Digestive System Tumours by WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board (z-lib.org).1

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