PENCH CSR BOOK
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Cultural Services
Ecosystem services "that are necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services".
These include services such as nutrient recycling, primary production and soil formation.
These services make it possible for the ecosystems to provide services such as food
supply, flood regulation and water purification.
"Non-material benefits people obtain from ecosystems through spiritual enrichment,
cognitive development, reflection, recreation, and aesthetic experiences"
cultural (including use of nature as motif in books, film, painting, folldore, national
symbols, architect, advertising, etc.)
spiritual and historical (including use of nature for religious or heritage value or
natural)
recreational experiences (including ecotourism, outdoor sports, and recreation)
science and education (including use of natural systems for school excursions,
and scientific discovery)
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