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Bioengineering for Pollution Prevention through Development of Biobased Energy and Materials State of the Science Report by: Dianne Ahmann and John R. Dorgan Colorado School of Mines Golden, Colorado 80401 Contract number 3W-2456NTEX April Richards, Project Officer National Center for Environmental Research Washington, DC 20460 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development National Center for Environmental Research Washington, DC 20460 EPA/600/R-07/028
Disclaimer The information described in this document does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation by EPA for use. Acknowledgements This document was reviewed by both internal U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reviewers and external peer reviewers who were chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise in bioengineering and pollution prevention. Richard Engler and Mark Segal from EPA’s Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances and Bob Frederick and Diana Bauer from the EPA’s Office of Research and Development provided comments on the initial draft. Four external peer reviewers reviewed the final version including: David B. Levin, University of Victoria; Anastasios Melis, University of California, Berkeley; Lonnie Ingram, University of Florida; and Richard Wool, University of Delaware.
Page 1: S T A T E O F T H E S C I E N C E R
Page 5 and 6: iv Economically competitive propert
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Page 9 and 10: viii 3. Research Priorities........
Page 13 and 14: xii HA Hydroxyalkonate IPTG Isoprop
Page 17 and 18: 2 Political factors also contribute
Page 19 and 20: 4 Bioengineering for pollution prev
Page 21 and 22: 6 C. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS The fiel
Page 23 and 24: 8 (12) Manchester Metropolitan Univ
Page 25 and 26: 10 vector bearing the desired gene.
Page 27 and 28: 12 bound by a nucleolytic enzyme ca
Page 29 and 30: 14 2.5.1 Chemical and physical muta
Page 31 and 32: 16 Once the protein of interest has
Page 33 and 34: 18 concentration upon individual pr
Page 35 and 36: 20 While most pathway engineering s
Page 37 and 38: 22 (26) Joern, J. (2003). DNA Shuff
Page 39 and 40: 24 and carbon flow; second, they av
Page 41 and 42: 26 The second, probably most widely
Page 43 and 44: 28 Other reactor types present even
Page 45 and 46: 30 technology should be a high prio
Page 47 and 48: 32 (6) Liao, J. C., and E. N. Light
Page 49 and 50: 34 submerged bioprocess for antibio
Page 51 and 52: 36 Cell harvesting •Centrifugatio
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38 Microfiltration is competitive w
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40 3.1.4 Antifouling techniques. Fo
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42 (21) Cruz, P. E., C. C. Peixoto,
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44 about 65 percent of petroleum go
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46 4. Renewable Polymer Production
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48 biodegradable polymers indicates
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50 but its production was prohibiti
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52 To assess the environmental impa
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54 fibers, such as silk, cotton, or
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56 be performed in bulk or in solut
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58 poly(ethylene glycol) (124, 132-
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60 4. Research Priorities 4.1 Devel
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62 (6) Tonelli, A. E., P. J. Flory,
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64 (36) Eling, B. S. Gogolewski, an
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66 (69) Kricheldorf, H. R., and D.
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68 well-defined alkoxo-bridged di-
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70 (123) Haderlein, G., C. Schmidt,
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72 (147) Frick, E. M., and M. A. Hi
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74 (173) Kang, S., G. Zhang, K. Aou
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76 (203) Dufresne, A. (1998). High
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78 characterization of PHA-degradin
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80 One straightforward approach to
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82 copolymers of (R)-3HB with (R)-3
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84 5. Commercialization PHA-based m
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86 (20) Elbanna, K., T. Lutke-Evers
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88 (51) Blumm, E., and A. J. Owen (
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90 increasing glycerol content corr
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92 2.3 Plant Oil-based Polymers Soy
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94 cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)
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96 In cellulose nanocomposites, the
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98 durability, and is produced in p
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100 (6) Stark, D. M., K. P. Timmerm
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102 (38) Angeles, M. N., and A. Duf
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104 of ethanol production substanti
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106 Product inhibition of exocellul
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108 expression, and specificity of
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110 promising and eminently achieva
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112 4.2 Ethanol Plants The first de
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114 (19) Himmel, M. E., J. O. Baker
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116 (46) Office of News Services (2
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118 The primary obstacle to its mor
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120 2. State of the Science 2.1 Fee
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122 glycerol by-product and in trea
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124 address this difficulty: first,
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126 positioned to offer valuable ad
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128 (22) Saka, S., and D. Kusdiana
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130 2. State of the Science 2.1 Mic
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132 Figure 17. The mixed-acid ferme
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134 Figure 19. Relationships among
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136 the only putative electron dono
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138 gigajoule (the benchmark price
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140 regulating hydrogen production,
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142 uptake direction, and can oxidi
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144 2.5.2 Substrate range. An attra
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146 laboratory conditions (Table 5)
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148 technologies have been carefull
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150 (27) Horner, D. S., P. G. Foste
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152 (56) Flynn, T., M. Ghirardi, an
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154 (85) Benemann, J. R. (1999). Ph
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156 model compound dibenzothiophene
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158 Despite their tendency to gathe
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160 provide strains that are quite
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162 of biodesulfurization, are crea
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166 biology, and computational tech
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168 E. POLYACTIDES • Development
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170 synthesis to plants may circumv
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172 important challenges to be over
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A-2 • NSF-0124401 Metabolic Engin
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A-4 • NSF-0124761 New Modeling Fr
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