sigradi2016_807

SIGraDi 2016, XX Congress of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics
9-11, November, 2016 - Buenos Aires, Argentina
internal and external forces (loads). It is usually necessary to
iterate several simulations in order to acquire an anticipatory
intuition on the final configuration of a geometry. This process
turns into an interesting negotiation between top-down
designer’s decision and bottom-up material self-organization.
In the specific context of a design-to-fabrication workshop,
this tool allowed for the exploration of many different
solutions.
Topology variation
Gridshell design through form-finding is not a purely
deterministic operation. Once the definition of the boundary
conditions for the form-finding is established, further
explorations are made in regard to the topology description of
the underlying mesh. This is not to be considered as a
homogeneous surface, but rather as a gridshell where the
edges can converge or deviate loads, and offer higher or
lower resistance to the applied loads and gravity. Given a
common set of anchor points, different structural networks of
interdependent catenary arches have been studied (Figure
4). In general, it has been observed that a more direct edge
connectivity between anchor points generates more
segmented vaulted spaces, while indirect edge connections
offer more resistance to gravity and the consequential
description of less variable heights. An investigation of the
mesh topology is thus fundamental in characterizing the
spatial configuration of a gridshell, as well as influencing the
size and number of mesh faces. Therefore, fabrication
constraints have to be carefully analyzed in advanced in
order to optimize the final nesting efficiency. In the specific
case of this research project, the criteria influencing the
choice of the final topology were related to the structural and
fabrication efficiency, together with a spatial analysis of the
prototype in congruence with the surrounding context.
Figure 5: Simulation of the mesh relaxation process through Particle
Spring System engine of Kangaroo Physics for Grasshopper
Structural feedback
The final form is analyzed through Finite Element Analysis in
order to evaluate the actual mechanical behaviour, and
inform the component design accordingly. This process is
performed using Millipede, a specific plug-in of Grasshopper
for Rhinoceros which allows quick linear elastic analysis of
frame and shell elements, within the design environment.
Boundary conditions, such as constraints, load, mesh
thickness and material characteristics are input. Once the
simulation is run, a mapped representation of Bending
Moment, Deflection and Compressive Stress Lines are
extracted and utilized as crucial parameters for the
component development. These analyses highlight the
substantial effectiveness of the form-finding process in
generating a compressed structure, which present bending in
correspondence with the ground constraints (Figure 6).
Figure 4: Iterations in the study of different mesh topologies from a
common set of anchor points
Figure 6: Finite Element Analysis of the gridshell
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