vogel_practical_ochem_3.pdf

CHAPTER IT
EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE
11,1. COMMON ORGANIC LABORATORY APPARATUS
IT will be useful at the very outset to introduce the student to the
apparatus that is commonly employed in the organic laboratory. Whether
he will personally handle all the types of apparatus to be described will,
of course, depend (i) upon the duration of the course in practical organic
chemistry and (ii) upon the facilities provided by the laboratory. Nevertheless,
it is deemed advantageous that the student should, at least,
know of their existence.
Flasks. Various types of flasks are shown in Fig. II, I, 1, a-e.
> (O (d) (e)
Fig. //, J, 1.
(a) Flat-bottomed flask (the so-called Florence flask) with vial mouth.
The sizes vary between 50 ml. and 40 litres.
(6) This is similar to (a) except that it is provided with a ring neck,
which increases the mechanical strength, prevents breakage when a
stopper is inserted, and provides a means for wiring a stopper in place.
The upper rim is ground flat.
(c) Round-bottomed flask. The common sizes range between 25 ml.
and 50 litres.
(d) Round-bottomed flask with short ring neck (the so-called bolthead
flask). This is widely used, particularly in advanced work, and
possesses the advantages given under (6). The common sizes range
between 50 ml. and 20 litres.
1 [ (e) This is the familiar Erlenmeyer or conical
flask. The common sizes range between 25 ml.
[ and 6 litres.
Beakers. The usual Griffin form with spout,
( J J J Fig. II, 1, 2, a, are widely used. Sizes between
30 ml. and 6 litres are available. The tall form
101 ) without spout (Fig. II, 1, 2 6) occasionally finds
Fig. II, I, 2. application in organic laboratories.
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