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Fourth mechanism: cell cleaning from Carbon Dioxide<br />
refreshing the cellular metabolism. Skin’s uptake of Oxygen<br />
starts to decline at age of 20 and is reduced by 50 % by<br />
age of 50.<br />
Oxygen is compulsory to the skin. Urban pollutions have<br />
lowered the overall level of oxygen in the environment<br />
to ca. 21%. This level is about half of what the air use to<br />
contain. Further, the skin is the last organ where inhaled<br />
oxygen travels, because oxygen depletion of the skin is not<br />
as detrimental as to other organs. Oxygen depletion and<br />
Carbon Dioxide accumulation lead to poor cell respiration<br />
which causes dehydration, uneven skin tone and dull skin. It<br />
is probably the largest contributor to the pre-mature aging<br />
of the skin, as Carbon Dioxide hinders or stops bio-pathways<br />
for cell metabolism.<br />
PFCs are the best gas carriers known to science. Fiflow® BTX<br />
can solubilise Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide, mimicking the<br />
function of hemoglobin. Fiflow® BTX carries Oxygen into the<br />
dermis, where it will diffuse from a region of higher partial<br />
O2 pressure to a region of lower partial O2 pressure. As<br />
Carbon Dioxide is more soluble in Fiflow® BTX than Oxygen,<br />
it will immediately replace Oxygen in Fiflow® BTX and will<br />
be carried out by it. This will allow cells to breathe normally<br />
and refresh their biological functions, leading to much better<br />
skin appearance. In medical world, pre-matured babies are<br />
saved thanks to PFCs, as in liquid breathing Oxygen is carried<br />
by PFCs to their brains and permanent damages are avoided.<br />
Efficacy Testing<br />
The Oxygen carrying capacity is directly comparable to<br />
the concentration of PFC used. The more PFCs are used in<br />
the cosmetic formula, the more Oxygen can be found in<br />
the skin. The Oxygen content of the skin can be measured<br />
transcutaneously by the means of polarizable probe by an<br />
Oxymonitor, results presented in the graph.<br />
Images of skin topography analyses before and after Fiflow® BTX<br />
treatment. Skin volumising effect 10-15% after 7 days treatment.<br />
A 14 day panel test was made with 30 women, aged 35-40<br />
years with visible wrinkles around eyes. An emulsion with<br />
10% Fiflow® BTX was applied twice a day for one week. After<br />
seven days the treatment was finished and the moisture<br />
of the skin was measured, as well as the skin profile was<br />
analysed. The moisture content was increased gradually<br />
during the period, reaching 52% increase. The moisture<br />
content remains at high level for eleven days, which is the<br />
half-life of Fiflow® BTX.<br />
The skin topography analyses were made to analyse the<br />
efficiency of Fiflow® BTX. The evolution of the skin surface<br />
during anti-aging treatment is determined by comparition<br />
relief parameters obtained by the shadow casting method.<br />
The number of wrinkles, depth of the wrinkles and the length<br />
of the wrinkles were analysed and as a results a 10-50%<br />
increase in volume was found after seven days topical<br />
treatment of 10% Fiflow® BTX.<br />
3D structure of Fiflow® BTX<br />
Oxygen contents found in the dermis<br />
as a function of quantity of PFC