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e carried out according to certain rules established for this type of Reserve.In some countries, it is required that they maintain the PNR for a minimumnumber of years. The advantage of this type of reserve is that depending onthe rules established and the amount of time for which they were created,they are useful when planning medium to long term site conservation. Themain disadvantage is the cost and time it may take to comply with therequirements which, depending on the capacity of the responsiblegovernmental entity, may be high thus discouraging potential landowners.Also, follow-up on Management Plan compliance depends on theGovernment’s ability to periodically carry it out.Private Nature Reserves recognized by NGOs: In some countries,a number of NGOs have programs that formally recognize private propertiesas PNR. There are also some NGOs that have been created by groups of PNRlandowners. 2 These NGOs have established certain requirements thatinterested landowners must comply with in order to obtain recognition fromthem as a PNR. Requirements often vary and, in the majority of the cases, thecommitments are created through simple agreements that may or may nothave established time frames. The advantages and disadvantages of thesereserves are similar to those recognized by the Government, therefore,depending on the rules established and the amount of time for which theywere created, they are useful when planning medium to long term siteconservation. However, the cost and time that is needed to comply with therequirements may be high, thus discouraging potential landowners. Also,follow-up on Management Plan compliance depends on the NGO’s ability toperiodically carry it out.As previously indicated, in some countries, for instance in Guatemalaor Brazil, the Private Reserve is a management category officially recognizedby their governments as a PPA within their System of Protected Areas. Inthese countries, landowners interested in obtaining recognition from theGovernment as a Private Nature Reserve must comply with certainrequirements, among them, presenting a Management Plan for their land thatdemonstrates its biological significance to the National System of ProtectedAreas (NSPA). This plan should also describe the property’s land use, as wellas a description of the inspection and protection activities to be carried outon the property in the future. Once this status has been granted, landowners2 In all Central American countries, recognition is issued through existing Networks of Private Nature Reserves. There are also someNGOs that have Private Reserve programs such as, the Center for Tropical Science in Costa Rica, CODEFF in Chile and the WildlifeFoundation in Argentina.5
must comply with the rules established by the legislation for private reservesand they may receive various types of incentives. 3There are other countries, like Costa Rica, that also have propertiesrecognized by the Government as PPAs similar to those Private Reservespreviously mentioned. However, they have a distinct name; they are calledNational Private Wildlife Refuges. 4 On the other hand, there are somecountries that do not yet have an officially recognized category for PNR, as inthe case of Venezuela.Some countries have anticipated the creation of such protected areasin their legislation; however, they have not yet provided regulations for theprocedures to recognize them. Panama is one of those cases in which theirlaws incorporate the concept of private protected areas, but do not provideany regulations that described the procedures for their creation, yet. 53 For more information on Brazilian regulations see: http://www2.ibama.gov.br/unidades/rppn/inrppn.doc and for Guatemala:http://www.reservasdeguatemala.org/procedimiento.html4 In Costa Rica the creation of these Refuges are based on article 82 of the Law of Wildlife Conservation and its regulationshttp://www.turismo-sostenible.co.cr/EN/participar/hoteles/ley_conser_vida_silv.shtml5 For more information: Brazil: http://www.sociedadcivil.cl/ftp/brasil.doc, Guatemala:http://www.reservasdeguatemala.org/quees.html, Venezuela: http://www.fudena.org.ve/tema15.htm6
Page 1 and 2: DesarrollandoÁreas Protegidas Priv
Page 3 and 4: 333.32A837dAsociación Conservació
Page 5 and 6: AA gradecimientosUna versión simil
Page 7 and 8: Luego de definir la conservación p
Page 9 and 10: es conservación privada?¿QuéLa c
Page 11 and 12: uáles herramientas sonlas más com
Page 13 and 14: distinto pues se les denomina Refug
Page 15 and 16: ¿Cuántos tipos o categorías dema
Page 17 and 18: criterios se pueden utilizar¿Cuál
Page 19 and 20: ¿Cuáles derechos y obligaciones p
Page 21 and 22: ¿Se debedesignar todo o partede la
Page 23 and 24: UsuariosGobiernoSector Privado:Comp
Page 25 and 26: Forma y plazo de pago: usualmente e
Page 27 and 28: Seguridad LegalExisten varias opcio
Page 29 and 30: esponsabilidad social corporativa q
Page 31 and 32: ¿Qué sucede cuando seincumple un
Page 33 and 34: se extingue una APP?¿CómoAlgunos
Page 35 and 36: 3. Si ya tiene un Reglamento, traba
Page 38: DevelopingPrivate Protected Areas:t
Page 41 and 42: AA cknowledgmentsA similar Spanish
Page 43 and 44: After defining private conservation
Page 45 and 46: What is private conservation?Privat
Page 47: hat are the most commontools used?
Page 51 and 52: How many types of PrivateProtected
Page 53 and 54: Which criteria may be used in there
Page 55 and 56: What rights and obligations of thel
Page 57 and 58: Should all or part ofthe property b
Page 59 and 60: UsersGovernmentPrivate Sector:Hydro
Page 61 and 62: Form and term of payment: The payme
Page 63 and 64: Legal securityThere are many incent
Page 65 and 66: Public relations and MarketingThis
Page 67 and 68: What happens when aPPA agreement is
Page 69 and 70: How do you terminatea PPA?Some PPA
Page 71 and 72: Recommended references(in Spanish)A

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