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durcissement et renforcement des materiaux - Mécanique Matériaux ...

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Durcissement <strong>et</strong> <strong>renforcement</strong> <strong>des</strong> matériaux 161<br />

micro-fibrilles<br />

domaines amorphes orientés<br />

domaines<br />

amorphes<br />

cristallites<br />

1,29 nm<br />

(a) (b)<br />

(c)<br />

axe de la fibre<br />

5,18 nm<br />

empilements<br />

pore<br />

78,7 nm<br />

Figure 1 : Structure de quelques fibres : (a) polyéthylène <strong>et</strong> polyamide ; (b) aramide (PPTA) ; (c) carbone obtenu<br />

à partir de polyacrylonitrile (PAN). D’après : (a) D.C.Prevorsek, Polymer Science Symposium, 32, 1971, p.<br />

343 ; (b) M.G. Dobbs, D.J.Johnson & B.P. Saville, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. London, A249, p. 483 ; (c) M.Guigon,<br />

A.Oberlin, G. Desarmot, Fibre Science and Technology, 20 (1984), p. 55

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