morocomp (life tcy05/ma000141) - Unit of Environmental Science ...

III – Sludge availability and other BOW in MoroccoIf the actual assembled sludge production is of the order of 13,770 tonnes/year, forecasts arefor a 123,300 tonnes/year production by 2010 (or a nine-fold increase). It is therefore veryimportant, for Morocco, to establish a management and exploitation system for that source oforganic matter, the inappropriate management of which can inevitably lead to environmentaland major public health problems.Apart from the individual tests conducted in Ouarzazate and in Ben Sergao where sludge isproduced from treated domestic wastewaters, no conclusive experimentation as regards to theexploitation of the residual sludge in Morocco was reported. Sludge is essentially dried anddeposited in the proximity of treatment plants or in public discharges or in certain casedispersed on the soil without previous treatment.As far as BOW are concerned, the most important sources are agricultural residues thepotential production of which varies between 67 million and 88.8 million tonnes per year.Nevertheless, the BOW quantity generated by other economic activities is estimated to 1.5million tonnes per year. The main agricultural residues are manure (73%) and straws fromcereals (21%). These two residues are easily assembled if their integration in the compostingline allows them to be more competitively profitable.IV – Management and legislative framework related to waste inMoroccoThe responsibility of the sector for wastes is still badly defined and remains divided, withoutcoherence between the various ministries (Minister of Interior, Minister of Health, Minister ofAgriculture and Rural Development, Minister of Equipment, Minister of Industry, ofCommerce, of Energy and Mines and the Department of the Environment).Regulations allowing solid waste management in Morocco are the main handicap of thissector. Indeed, the judicial context is relatively less favourable because of non-adaptation ofcertain ancient judicial texts, because of the delay in adopting new texts as the bill withregards to waste management and their elimination (Bill 28-00 relating to wastes, approvedby the Kingdom’s Parliament on 5/07/2006). This bill focuses, as a principal objective, on theprevention of pollution, the protection of human health and of the environment against theharmful effects of waste, inciting the reduction of their production, the control of discharges,the organization of transport and information to the public. This bill sets the rules and thefundamental principles which, from now on, constitute the reference point for wastemanagement and their elimination. It allows us to base a rational, modern and effectivexii