Plant Resources of South-East Asia
Plant Resources of South-East Asia
Plant Resources of South-East Asia
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<strong>Plant</strong> <strong>Resources</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>South</strong>-<strong>East</strong> <strong>Asia</strong><br />
No 12(3)<br />
Medicinal and poisonous plants 3<br />
R.H.M.J. Lemmens and N. Bunyapraphatsara<br />
(Editors)<br />
Backhuys Publishers, Leiden 2003<br />
© 2008 AGI-Information Management Consultants<br />
May be used for personal purporses only or by<br />
libraries associated to dandelon.com network.
Contents<br />
Editors and contributors 12<br />
Prosea Board <strong>of</strong> Trustees and Personnel 19<br />
Foreword 21<br />
1 Introduction 23<br />
1.1 Choice <strong>of</strong> species 23<br />
1.2 Collection from the wild versus cultivation 23<br />
1.2.1 The need for conservation 24<br />
1.2.2 Joint efforts for conservation 24<br />
1.2.3 Germplasm collection 25<br />
1.2.4 Cultivation and breeding 25<br />
1.2.5 Recommendations for the wise use <strong>of</strong> medicinal plants 26<br />
1.3 The medicinal and poisonous plants <strong>of</strong> <strong>South</strong>-<strong>East</strong> <strong>Asia</strong><br />
in retrospect 27<br />
2 Alphabetical treatment <strong>of</strong> genera, species and groups 29<br />
Acacia<br />
Acriopsis javanica<br />
Acrotrema costatum<br />
Actinorhytis calapparia<br />
Adenia<br />
Adenosma<br />
Aegihetia indica<br />
Aeschynanthus<br />
Aganosma<br />
Agelaea macrophylla<br />
Aglaia<br />
Aglaonema<br />
Aidia<br />
Ajuga bracteosa<br />
Albizia myriophylla<br />
Alchornea<br />
Allomorphia<br />
Alocasia<br />
Amischotolype<br />
: soap pod tree 31<br />
:33<br />
:34<br />
: calappa palm 34<br />
:35<br />
:-,38<br />
:40<br />
:41<br />
:43<br />
:44<br />
: Chinese rice-flower 45<br />
:50<br />
:52<br />
:54<br />
:55<br />
:56<br />
:58<br />
: giant taro 59<br />
:61
Ammannia baccifera<br />
Amorphophallus konjac<br />
Ampelocissus<br />
Amydrium zippelianum<br />
Anadendrum<br />
microstachyum<br />
Anaxagorea<br />
Ancistrocladus tectorius<br />
Anneslea fragrans<br />
Anredera<br />
Antidesma montanum<br />
Apostasia nuda<br />
Aquilaria cumingiana<br />
Aralidium pinnatifidum<br />
Ardisia<br />
Arenga<br />
Argostemma<br />
Argyreia<br />
Asystasia<br />
Baliospermum montanum<br />
Bauhinia<br />
Beilschmiedia<br />
Blastus borneensis<br />
Blechum pyramidatum<br />
Buchnera<br />
Buddleja asiatica<br />
Butea<br />
Buxus rolfei<br />
Calophyllum<br />
Calycopteris floribunda<br />
Canscora diffusa<br />
Canthium<br />
Carallia suffruticosa<br />
Catunaregam<br />
Cecropia peltata<br />
Ceriscoides curranii<br />
Cestrum nocturnum<br />
Chionachne macrophylla<br />
Chroesthes longifolia<br />
Chydenanthus excelsus<br />
Cleidion spiciflorum<br />
Clematis<br />
Clusia<br />
Cnesmone javanica<br />
Cnestis palala<br />
Cocculus<br />
Codonopsis javanica<br />
Coldenia procumbens<br />
Colocasia esculenta<br />
: blistering ammannia 62<br />
: devil's tongue 63<br />
:65<br />
:67<br />
:68<br />
:68<br />
:70<br />
:71<br />
: Madeira vine 72<br />
:74<br />
:74<br />
:75<br />
:76<br />
:77<br />
:81<br />
:82<br />
: elephant climber 83<br />
:86<br />
:88<br />
: orchid tree, mountain ebony tree 89<br />
:93<br />
:95<br />
:95<br />
:96<br />
: white butterfly bush 98<br />
: flame <strong>of</strong> the forest 99<br />
: 102<br />
: Alexandrian laurel 102<br />
:106<br />
: 107<br />
:108<br />
:110<br />
:110<br />
: trumpet tree 112<br />
:114<br />
: night blooming cestrum 114<br />
:115<br />
:116<br />
:117<br />
:117<br />
:118<br />
: balsam apple 121<br />
: 123<br />
: 124<br />
: 125<br />
-.127<br />
:129<br />
: taro 130
Connarus<br />
Conyza sumatrensis<br />
Coptosapelta tomentosa<br />
Coriaria intermedia<br />
Corymborkis veratrifolia<br />
Coscinium fenestratum<br />
Crassocephalum<br />
crepidioides<br />
Crocosmia xcrocosmiiflora<br />
Crossostephium chinense<br />
Cryptocoryne cordata<br />
Cuscuta australis<br />
Cyathostemma micranthum<br />
Cymbidium<br />
Cynoglossum<br />
Cyrtandra<br />
Cyrtandromoea<br />
Dalbergia<br />
Dalea cliffortiana<br />
Dasymaschalon<br />
Dendrophthoe<br />
Dendrotrophe umbellata<br />
Dentella repens<br />
Desmos<br />
Dichapetalum griffithii<br />
Didissandra frutescens<br />
Dieffenbachia seguine<br />
Dioclea hexandra<br />
Diospyros •,<br />
Diplectria<br />
Dipteracanthus repens<br />
Dischidia<br />
Dissochaeta<br />
Dracaena<br />
Dregea volubilis<br />
Drosera<br />
Drymaria cordata<br />
Dunbaria incana<br />
Ehretia philippinensis<br />
Elatostema<br />
Ellipanthus tomentosus<br />
Emilia prenanthoidea<br />
Enicostema axillare<br />
Epiphyllum oxypetalum<br />
Epipremnum pinnatum<br />
Epirixanthes elongata<br />
Eranthemum viscidum<br />
Eria pannea<br />
Erismanthus obliquus<br />
: 132<br />
: fleabane 134<br />
: 135<br />
:136<br />
:137<br />
:139<br />
:140<br />
: garden montbretia 142<br />
:143<br />
: 143<br />
: 144<br />
:146<br />
:146<br />
:148<br />
: 150<br />
:151<br />
: 152<br />
:155<br />
: 156<br />
-.157<br />
:159<br />
:159<br />
:160<br />
:162<br />
: 163<br />
: 163<br />
: marbles vine 164<br />
:165<br />
:168<br />
:169<br />
:171<br />
:173<br />
: 175<br />
: 177<br />
: 178<br />
: chickweed 180<br />
:182<br />
:182<br />
:183<br />
:185<br />
:185<br />
: 186<br />
: 188<br />
: 189<br />
:190<br />
:191<br />
:192<br />
:193
Erycibe<br />
Euchresta<br />
Euodia hortensis<br />
Fagerlindia fasciculata<br />
Fimbristylis<br />
Fissistigma<br />
Floscopa scandens<br />
Friesodielsia<br />
Galbulimima belgraveana<br />
Galearia<br />
Gardenia pseudopsidium<br />
Gentiana quadrifaria<br />
Geophila repens<br />
Geunsia pentandra<br />
Globba<br />
Glochidion<br />
Gomphandra quadrifida<br />
Gomphostemma<br />
Gonocaryum gracile<br />
Gordonia penangensis<br />
Gouania<br />
Grammatophyllum<br />
Grangea maderaspatana<br />
Greenea corymbosa<br />
Grewia<br />
Gunnera macrophylla<br />
Gymnema<br />
Gynochtodes •><br />
Gynura<br />
Harmsiopanax harmsii<br />
Hemigraphis alternata<br />
Henckelia<br />
Hetaeria obliqua<br />
Heterostemma cuspidatum<br />
Heynea trijuga<br />
Hiptage benghalensis<br />
Homalanthus<br />
Homalomena<br />
Hoya<br />
Hunteria zeylanica<br />
Hydnophytum formicarum<br />
Hydrolea zeylanica<br />
Hygrophila ringens<br />
Hymenocallis littoralis<br />
Hypobathrum<br />
Hypoestes poly thy rsa<br />
Hypoxis aurea<br />
Hyptis<br />
Illigera luzonensis<br />
193<br />
195<br />
196<br />
197<br />
198<br />
200<br />
203<br />
203<br />
white magnolia 205<br />
206<br />
207<br />
208<br />
209<br />
211<br />
212<br />
214<br />
217<br />
218<br />
219<br />
219<br />
220<br />
tiger orchid 222<br />
223<br />
224<br />
225<br />
226<br />
228<br />
230<br />
231<br />
233<br />
metal-leaf 234<br />
235<br />
237<br />
237<br />
238<br />
238<br />
239<br />
242<br />
244<br />
247<br />
248<br />
249<br />
250<br />
spider lily 252<br />
253<br />
254<br />
255<br />
256<br />
259
Indig<strong>of</strong>era<br />
Indorouchera griffithiana<br />
Kigelia africana<br />
Labisia pumila<br />
Legazpia polygonoides<br />
Leonotis nepetifolia<br />
Lepidagathis<br />
Lepionurus sylvestris<br />
Leptonychia caudata<br />
Leucosyke capitellata<br />
Limacia<br />
Liparis treubii<br />
Liriope graminifolia<br />
Lophatherum gracile<br />
Lophopyxis maingayi<br />
Luvunga<br />
Macaranga<br />
Macrosolen<br />
Maesa<br />
Mallotus<br />
Mapania cuspidata<br />
Matthaea<br />
Mazus pumilus<br />
Medinilla radicans<br />
Melicope<br />
Melissa axillaris<br />
Merope angulata ,^<br />
Microglossa pyrifolia<br />
Microstachys chamaelea<br />
Mitrella kentii<br />
Morinda<br />
Mucuna<br />
Mukia maderaspatana<br />
Murdannia<br />
Mussaenda<br />
Myrmecodia tuberosa<br />
Myxopyrum nervosum<br />
Nervilia<br />
Nothocnide repanda<br />
Oberonia<br />
Octamyrtus behrmannii<br />
Orchidantha fimbriatum<br />
Osbeckia chinensis<br />
Pandanus<br />
Papuechites aambe<br />
Paramignya scandens<br />
Pararuellia napifera<br />
Pentaphragma<br />
begoniifolium<br />
:261<br />
:263<br />
:sausage tree 264<br />
:266<br />
:266<br />
:267<br />
:268<br />
:270<br />
:270<br />
:271<br />
:271<br />
:273<br />
:274<br />
:275<br />
:276<br />
:277<br />
:278<br />
:284<br />
:286<br />
: kamala tree 287<br />
:291<br />
:292<br />
:293<br />
:294<br />
:295<br />
:298<br />
:299<br />
:300<br />
:301<br />
:302<br />
: Indian mulberry 302<br />
: velvet bean 305<br />
:309<br />
:310<br />
:311<br />
:314<br />
:315<br />
:316<br />
:318<br />
:318<br />
:319<br />
:320<br />
:320<br />
:321<br />
:323<br />
:324<br />
:325<br />
:325
Peristrophe acuminata<br />
Philydrum lanuginosum<br />
Phyllagathis<br />
Picrasma javanica<br />
Pilea microphylla<br />
Polyalthia<br />
Pothos scandens<br />
Prismatomeris tetrandra<br />
Pseuderanthemum<br />
Pterisanthes<br />
Pterocaulon redolens<br />
Ptyssiglottis kunthiana<br />
Pyramidanthe prismatica<br />
Rafflesia<br />
Reissantia indica<br />
Rennellia<br />
Rhaphidophora<br />
Rhododendron<br />
Rinorea<br />
Rotula aquatica<br />
Ruellia tuberosa<br />
Rungia laxiflora<br />
Salomonia cantoniensis<br />
Salvia plebeia<br />
Sambucus javanica<br />
Sapindus<br />
Saprosma<br />
Sarcolobus globosus<br />
Sarcotheca laxa<br />
Sauropus<br />
Saxifraga stolonifera<br />
Scindapsus hederaceus<br />
Scleria<br />
Scurrula<br />
Senecio scandens<br />
Setaria palmifolia<br />
Smithia sensitiva<br />
Sonerila<br />
Spatholobus<br />
Sphenodesme<br />
Spigelia anthelmia<br />
Staurogyne<br />
Stenotaphrum helferi<br />
Stichoneuron caudatum<br />
Streptocaulon<br />
Striga asiatica<br />
Strobilanthes<br />
Styphelia<br />
Suregada<br />
:326<br />
:327<br />
:328<br />
:329<br />
: artillery plant 330<br />
:332<br />
:334<br />
:336<br />
:337<br />
:339<br />
:340<br />
:341<br />
:341<br />
:342<br />
:344<br />
:344<br />
:346<br />
:347<br />
:350<br />
:352<br />
:352<br />
:353<br />
:354<br />
:355<br />
: Javanese elder 356<br />
: so^p-berry tree 357<br />
:359<br />
:361<br />
:362<br />
: star gooseberry 363<br />
:365<br />
:366<br />
:367<br />
:370<br />
:372<br />
: palm grass 373<br />
:375<br />
:375<br />
:376<br />
:378<br />
: worm weed 379<br />
:380<br />
:381<br />
:382<br />
:382<br />
: witchweed 384<br />
: Assam indigo 385<br />
:388<br />
:389
Swinglea glutinosa<br />
Symplocos<br />
Tacca<br />
Tapeinochilos ananassae<br />
Taxus sumatrana<br />
Tecoma stans<br />
Tetrastigma<br />
Tiliacora triandra<br />
Tournefortia<br />
Toxocarpus villosus<br />
Trapa natans<br />
Trevesia burckii<br />
Trichodesma<br />
Trigonostemon<br />
Tropidia curculigoides<br />
Typhonium<br />
Uvaria<br />
Ventilago<br />
Viscum<br />
Wahlenbergia marginata<br />
Woodfordia fruticosa<br />
Xyris<br />
Zehneria indica<br />
Ziziphus<br />
: tabog 391<br />
:392<br />
:394<br />
:396<br />
:397<br />
: yellow bells 399<br />
:400<br />
:401<br />
: velvet leaf 402<br />
:404<br />
: water chestnut 405<br />
: ghost's foot 406<br />
:407<br />
:409<br />
:410<br />
:410<br />
:413<br />
:415<br />
:416<br />
:418<br />
:419<br />
:421<br />
:422<br />
:423<br />
3 Medicinal and poisonous plants with other primary use 425<br />
Literature 475<br />
Acknowledgments 538<br />
Acronyms <strong>of</strong> organizations 539<br />
Glossary 540<br />
Sources <strong>of</strong> illustrations 567<br />
Index <strong>of</strong> compounds 579<br />
Index <strong>of</strong> pharmaceutical terms 583<br />
Index <strong>of</strong> scientific plant names 589<br />
Index <strong>of</strong> vernacular plant names 636<br />
General index <strong>of</strong> species, genera and families <strong>of</strong> Volume 12 651<br />
The Prosea Foundation 659
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