Check list of Slovenian Microlepidoptera - Univerza v Ljubljani

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Tone LESAR & Marijan GOVEDIČ: Check List of Slovenian Microlepidoptera / SCIENTIFIC PAPER
Information on the presence of species has been deduced from: primary sources (i), in
which the origin of the information and often the year of sampling or even the date are clearly
stated; secondary sources (ii), in which the origin of the information is clearly stated; other
popular sources (iii), in which the origin of the information is unclear. Apart from published
sources, information obtained from the so-called grey literature (e.g. Accetto et al. 1994,
1996a,b, Carnelutti 1975) is also included. As numerous faunistic data obtained through
research are often not published at all, grey literature for the preparation of species list has
also been taken into consideration in, for example, Brelih et al. (2006) and Jogan et al.
(2001). Studies of this kind usually contain extensive information on all registered species of a
certain area and not on only rare ones, which are generally the subject of the published
studies.
For the making of the first list of Slovenian micromoths, numerous old sources have been
examined. As political-historical conditions, such as changing of the state border, had to be
taken into consideration, the sources from the titles of which one cannot conclude that they
comprise information from the territory of modern-day Slovenia also had to be examined, for
example Rogenhofer (1858) »Neue Schmetterlinge aus Oesterreich«. At the same time, the
data for places that are no longer located in the territory of Slovenia had to be excluded.
These are particularly in Austrian Carinthia and in the vicinity of Trieste. When considering
older sources, which mostly do not include precise locations of certain finds, we have accepted
some arbitrary decisions in the selection of data from the vicinity of the present state border.
The fact is that in old literature data are mostly bound just to larger settlements, or to
separate mountains in the Alpine region.
Arbitrarily, we have taken into consideration all quotations from the period prior to 1941
(e.g. Hafner 1909-1912, Mann 1854, Stauder 1929-1933) for all larger settlements along the
present border that are today located in the territory of Slovenia (e.g. Solkan, Miren, Vipolže).
On the other hand, we did not take into consideration older quotations for the places that
today lie on the Italian side of the border (e.g. Gropada, Dolina near Trieste). The exact
locating of these records is, however, not possible. For the period after 1945, the decision was
much simpler, as we presume that the observers did not cross the state border. A different
arbitrary decision was reached for the places that were after 1945 annexed to the
neighbouring countries and in the vicinity of which new towns were built. Thus we took into
consideration all data from the pre-1941 period from Hafner (1909-1912), Stauder (1929-
1933) and Mann (1854), stated for Görz or Gorizia, and from Martinek (1875), stated for Bad
Radkersburg. Both towns are today located outside Slovenia, with the new towns of Nova
Gorica and Gornja Radgona built in their immediate vicinity. We infer that the actual finds
were registered around these towns, therefore in the territory of modern-day Slovenia as well.
We further took into consideration the species from Entomologia Carniolica (Scopoli 1763),
except those for which Trieste is explicitly stated. General quotations, like »Krain« and
»Carniolia« in old literature, and »Slowenien« or »Slovenia« in modern literature, are always
included in the check list. The stated »Julijske Alpe« (e.g. Huemer 1991) were also paid
regard to, as part of them lies in Italian territory. We had to make a decision for the border
mountains as well, given that today’s border with Austria that was drawn in 1920 after the
Carinthian Plebiscite runs along numerous mountain peaks. As far as general data for border
mountains are concerned, we took into consideration, as a rule, the data from the period after
1945, if they were published by Slovenian authors or were published as a contribution to the
Slovenian or Yugoslav Lepidoptera fauna. On the other hand, they were not taken into