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SAM FRANCIS


SAM FRANCIS


SAM FRANCIS


SAM FRANCIS<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia<br />

21 Aprile / April - 14 Luglio / July 2012<br />

Mostra e catalogo a cura di /<br />

Exhibition and catalogue curated by<br />

Dominique Stella<br />

Roberto <strong>Agnellini</strong><br />

Il catalogo è stato realizzato con il contributo di /<br />

This catalogue has been created with contributions from<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California<br />

Direttore / Director<br />

Roberto <strong>Agnellini</strong><br />

Direttrice artistica / Art director<br />

Dominique Stella<br />

Organizzazione / Organisation<br />

Coordinamento / Coordination<br />

Giancarlo Patuzzi<br />

Segreteria / Secretary<br />

Corinna Turati<br />

Direzione commerciale / Commercial direction<br />

Ugo Ruggeri<br />

Ufficio stampa / Communication<br />

Spaini & Partners<br />

Progetto grafico / Graphic project<br />

Tipografia Camuna S.p.A. - Brescia<br />

Redazione / Editing<br />

Domenico Pertocoli<br />

Traduzioni / Translations<br />

In italiano / To Italian: Silvia Denicolai<br />

In inglese / To English: Timothy Stroud<br />

Fotografie delle opere / Artworks photos<br />

© Fabio Cattabiani<br />

Testo / Text<br />

© Dominique Stella, <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong><br />

Opere / Artworks<br />

© <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California /<br />

Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York<br />

Un particolare ringraziamento a /<br />

Special thanks to<br />

Debra Burchett-Lere, <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation,<br />

Director<br />

Linda and Guy Pieters<br />

Famiglia Donati<br />

Si ringraziano inoltre / Thanks to<br />

On. Avv. Adriano Paroli,<br />

Sindaco della Città di Brescia<br />

Avv. Andrea Arcai, Assessore alla Cultura<br />

e al Turismo della Città di Brescia<br />

Lanfranco Cirillo<br />

Armando Donati<br />

Mario Dora<br />

Alessandro Medici<br />

Angelo Medici<br />

Cesare Medici<br />

Ettore Marchina<br />

Roberto Morigi<br />

Marc Pauwels<br />

Roberto Pellizzari<br />

Fabrizio Pivari<br />

Marco Setti<br />

Marinella Spagnoli<br />

Beth Ann Whittaker-Williams<br />

Comune di Brescia<br />

Assessorato alla Cultura<br />

e al Turismo<br />

Copertina / Cover<br />

Progetto di murale per la Chase Manhattan Bank<br />

(particolare), 1959<br />

Study for the Chase Manhattan Bank Mural<br />

(detail), 1959<br />

Pagina 2 / Page 2<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> nel suo studio di Broadway /<br />

in Broadway studio, New York, 1959<br />

Photo Eliane Boardman<br />

© <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California /<br />

Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York<br />

La mostra è stata realizzata con il sostegno di /<br />

The exhibition is realized with the support of


Sommario / Contents<br />

9 <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: il colore per passione<br />

13 <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: Colour as Passion<br />

Dominique Stella<br />

17 Opere / Works<br />

Apparati / Appendix<br />

85 Notizie biografiche<br />

89 Biographical Notes


Dominique Stella<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: il colore per passione<br />

Alle pagine precedenti /<br />

Previous pages<br />

Untitled (particolare / detail),<br />

1980<br />

Acrilico su carta / Acrylic on paper<br />

76,5 x 57,5 cm<br />

SF80-1146<br />

© <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation,<br />

California / Artists Rights Society<br />

(ARS), New York<br />

In alto / On top<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> in studio,<br />

Venice, 1989<br />

Foto / Photo by Nico Delaive<br />

© <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation,<br />

California / Artists Rights Society<br />

(ARS), New York<br />

di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> nasce all’inizio degli anni<br />

Cinquanta in un contesto che vede esplodere<br />

l’espressionismo negli Stati Uniti. L’egemonia<br />

che l’America conquista dopo la seconda<br />

L’arte<br />

guerra mondiale le accorda un’autorità di diritto<br />

che s’impone in arte come in politica e che si manifesta,<br />

in un primo tempo, attraverso la messa in discussione<br />

dei canoni e degli stereotipi nei quali si riconosce l’intellighenzia.<br />

L’esempio europeo non è più di rigore e artisti come<br />

Pollock, Rothko e de Kooning rivendicano una libertà<br />

creativa che sconvolge il comportamento e la mentalità artistica,<br />

rifiutando il soggetto esterno come fonte d’ispirazione<br />

per riconoscere come referente soltanto l’espressione informale<br />

e gestuale che scaturisce dalla profondità dell’essere.<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> è californiano, non appartiene dunque alla<br />

scena newyorchese. Ma anch’egli sviluppa nei suoi dipinti<br />

una nuova estetica del colore, una nuova concezione della<br />

tela, del gesto, che s’inscrive nei vari movimenti della sua<br />

epoca, iniziati e sviluppati da artisti quali Rothko, Pollock,<br />

de Kooning, Kline, più anziani di lui e riconosciuti come<br />

fondatori dell’espressionismo astratto americano. Egli<br />

condivide le idee di questi pittori, che spingono la creazione<br />

lontano dai canoni rinascimentali, considerando la tela<br />

come un territorio di sogno e di espressione. Nessuna figura,<br />

nessuna composizione, ma un vasto campo d’azione<br />

che il corpo accompagna in un gesto ampio e sciolto, favorendo<br />

un lavoro spontaneo cui viene attribuita la formula<br />

“action painting”.<br />

È Jackson Pollock che dà il via a questo movimento negli<br />

Stati Uniti. Le sue grandi tele coperte di colore sgocciolato<br />

o esploso offrono allo spettatore l’opportunità di una riflessione<br />

interiore. La trama complessa dei colori enfatizza<br />

la superficie della tela, così come la stessa tecnica pittorica.<br />

L’occhio non è sedotto da una particolare zona del dipinto,<br />

né sospinto oltre la cornice dell’opera. Vi è ben poca<br />

evidenza esplicita di rappresentazione del mondo dietro<br />

la tela. Il dripping è una tecnica, e la tecnica diventa arte.<br />

Ne risultano opere pittoriche straordinarie, dense di colori<br />

gettati sulla tela in spessi strati di pittura. L’artista dipinge<br />

per terra perché, come dice lui stesso: “Per terra sono più<br />

a mio agio. Mi sento più vicino al quadro, ne faccio parte<br />

maggiormente; in questo modo posso camminarci intorno<br />

ed entrare letteralmente nel quadro.” 1 Non c’è paesaggio né<br />

contesto. “Io sono la natura!” dice Pollock.<br />

Rothko, benché classificato nel movimento espressionista<br />

astratto, rifiuta la definizione fuorviante di action painter.<br />

Per la sua arte, che delimita campi di colore, suona più<br />

appropriato il termine “colorfield painting”; nelle sue tele<br />

monumentali c’è un’ispirazione spirituale e meditativa che<br />

assorbe l’osservatore. La dimensione dell’opera è necessaria<br />

all’espressione pittorica.<br />

A sua volta Willem de Kooning sviluppa una propria tecnica<br />

personale e diventa, insieme a Jackson Pollock, l’emblema<br />

dell’action painting; egli modella la sua pittura a colpi<br />

di spatola o di lama. La sua gestualità comporta colature<br />

e schizzi di colore. L’opera, anche se terminata, ha quindi<br />

un sapore di incompiutezza che l’immaginario dello spettatore<br />

può intendere a modo suo. È così che de Kooning<br />

9


interpreta l’action painting. E a poco a poco questo lavoro<br />

ambiguo affascina e s’impone come un’altra forma di<br />

espressionismo astratto.<br />

Dai suoi predecessori <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> raccoglie la lezione della<br />

colorfield e dell’action painting, prediligendo però Pollock<br />

rispetto a de Kooning o a Rothko. Certo, come molti artisti<br />

degli anni Cinquanta e Sessanta, anch’egli può essere<br />

accostato a tutte queste tendenze del momento: astrazione<br />

lirica, espressionismo astratto, tachisme, action painting,<br />

colorfield painting, altrettante influenze che si ritrovano<br />

nella sua opera senza che nessuna, tuttavia, possa essergli<br />

attribuita in modo esclusivo. Di ognuna egli esplora le<br />

possibilità estetiche e soggettive. E al di là di quel contesto<br />

pittorico, in cui si inserisce perfettamente, il suo percorso<br />

e le sue scelte gli conferiscono una singolarità che lo<br />

contraddistingue.<br />

Nella realizzazione delle sue opere predominano un andamento<br />

e un’esperienza di vita singolari che costituiscono il<br />

fermento di un lavoro originale, segnato dalla rivelazione<br />

intima del colore e della luce; questa gli s’impone in occasione<br />

di un incidente che determinerà le sue scelte in pittura.<br />

Nel 1944, infatti, mentre è arruolato nell’esercito come<br />

aviatore, il suo aereo precipita nel deserto. Un lungo ricovero<br />

in ospedale lo spinge verso una sorta di passatempo<br />

che presto diventerà una passione: l’iniziazione al disegno<br />

e alla pittura, di cui riconosce la capacità salvatrice che gli<br />

permette di ritrovare l’equilibrio e la salute. L’esperienza del<br />

deserto segnerà per sempre il suo immaginario e diverrà la<br />

principale fonte d’ispirazione del suo lavoro. La luminosità<br />

accecante di quelle distese sabbiose a perdita d’occhio<br />

genera spazi infiniti di cui è impossibile scorgere i confini.<br />

Questo sentimento di totale dissoluzione delle forme e<br />

delle tonalità nell’uniformità mutevole del colore della sabbia,<br />

che cattura le minime sfumature di un cielo torrido,<br />

crea la forma specifica della sua arte. Questa è basata sulla<br />

predominanza di uno sfondo pittorico spesso bianco oppure<br />

beige chiaro, sospinto ai confini dell’opera da schegge<br />

di colori luminosi. L’infinita grandezza dello spazio cattura<br />

alle sue estremità la natura incandescente di un’aria schizzata<br />

di luci vibranti.<br />

L’apprendistato della luce passa attraverso un’iniziazione<br />

all’arte che <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>, uscito dall’ospedale, intraprende<br />

studiando arte a Berkeley e poi, nel 1946, a San <strong>Francis</strong>co,<br />

dove segue i corsi di Clyfford Still. Questo pittore lo impressiona<br />

per il suo stile risolutamente “organico”, di cui<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> coglie quella caratteristica indefinibile che rende<br />

Still un maestro dell’espressionismo astratto americano.<br />

Questi considerava la pittura come una fusione: “Non ho<br />

mai voluto che il colore fosse colore – diceva –. Non ho<br />

mai voluto che la texture fosse texture, o che le immagini<br />

diventassero forme. Volevo che tutto si fondesse in uno<br />

spirito vivente.” 2 L’insegnamento di Still maturerà in <strong>Sam</strong><br />

<strong>Francis</strong> un’espressività più lirica, più poetica, pur conservandone<br />

l’essenza fondamentale: la vitalità.<br />

L’Europa rappresenta, in seguito, la seconda tappa della sua<br />

iniziazione. Tra il 1950 e il 1961 egli dimora a lungo a Parigi,<br />

nonostante frequenti soggiorni a New York e in California<br />

e viaggi intorno al mondo tra il 1957 e il ’59 che lo<br />

portano in Messico, India, Thailandia, Hong Kong e Giappone,<br />

dove si ferma diverse volte per lavorare.<br />

La sua prima mostra ha luogo presso la Galerie Nina Dausset<br />

a Parigi nel 1952. I suoi primi lavori monocromi, realizzati<br />

a Parigi, sono nati lontano dall’influenza informale,<br />

ma presto egli si avvicina alla tradizione della colorfield<br />

painting americana, privilegiando nei suoi quadri le tinte<br />

piatte, pur adottando quel “colore suggestivo” che prende<br />

in prestito da pittori come Monet, Gauguin e Matisse<br />

passando per Bonnard. Il ciclo delle Ninfee di Monet,<br />

in particolare, colpisce la sua immaginazione. Ne apprende<br />

l’organizzazione dello spazio pittorico a partire da macchie<br />

colorate giustapposte, componendo una trama vaporosa<br />

che crea un’illusione di atmosfera, pur prediligendo la<br />

superficie piana della tela. La memoria di Monet si avverte<br />

nell’introduzione di valori cromatici intensi, che <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong><br />

applica in accostamenti fluidi colanti in ciocche colorate.<br />

Già nel 1950 dichiarava: “Io faccio del Monet tardivo<br />

sotto una forma pura.” 3<br />

Matisse, al quale si sente umanamente più vicino poiché<br />

condivide con lui l’esperienza della malattia come catalizzatrice<br />

dell’arte, è un altro maestro di cui accoglie la lezione<br />

di un cromatismo contrastato e potente, accentuato da<br />

un’intensa luminosità. <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> ne assimila le innovazioni<br />

in materia di colore e di bidimensionalità, che contribuiscono<br />

alla purificazione della forma e soprattutto del<br />

gesto. Matisse appartiene a quest’area postimpressionista<br />

che concentra la propria ricerca sulla luce, particolarmente<br />

presente in un quadro come Luxe, calme et volupté. Essa<br />

è fondamentale in questa tela, restituita dalla diffrazione<br />

dei colori. In Matisse sfrutta tutte le possibilità del colore:<br />

le sue zone d’ombra sono blu, le luci arancio e rosso; usa<br />

solamente colori vivi, primari: rosso, giallo, blu, e complementari:<br />

arancione, verde e viola; li dispone a modo suo<br />

per far vivere la sua luce.<br />

10 SAM FRANCIS


È questa stessa vibrazione che <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> ricerca: luci e<br />

colori devono emergere dalla tela producendo una sensazione<br />

esplosiva che rappresenti la respirazione del mondo.<br />

Su tele spesso di grande formato prende a prestito e mescola<br />

diverse tecniche: dripping, all-over, tachisme, termine riferibile<br />

al caso della creazione: la forma è tache (macchia)<br />

sottomessa al caso, e nasce spontaneamente. Come Pollock,<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> si concentra esclusivamente sullo sfondo,<br />

escludendo qualsiasi figura. Tende così a semplificare i<br />

suoi piani e realizza un grande lavoro sul colore utilizzando<br />

anche il nero, che considera un “non-colore”. L’artista spinge<br />

all’estremo l’esplosione della figura dando avvio a una<br />

tecnica della dissoluzione. In alcune sue tele questa pratica<br />

giunge a rendere liquida la figura, il che si traduce in colature<br />

verticali di pittura, una sorta di reticolo, di ragnatela,<br />

che collega le forme-macchie tra loro.<br />

Sempre in <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> il colore nasce dallo sfondo, che<br />

può essere bianco o color sabbia, in riferimento al deserto<br />

che aveva segnato il suo immaginario. L’immensità dello<br />

spazio, lo spessore dell’aria assorbita dalla luminosità violenta<br />

del sole che irradia il cielo onnipresente, diventano<br />

fonte d’ispirazione e portano a una costruzione pittorica<br />

che nasce dallo spazio e dall’infinitamente bianco... L’uniformità<br />

della tela bianca, dove il color sabbia si confonde<br />

con il cielo, lo induce a dipingere partendo dallo sfondo,<br />

luogo dell’infinito in pittura. Da lì nasce il seguito del<br />

suo percorso: se l’infinito viene dallo sfondo, allora non<br />

c’è bisogno di dipingere figure, perché ciò che interessa è<br />

“lo spazio tra le cose”. Sopprimendo le figure <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong><br />

sopprime il finito per conservare solo l’infinito; le sue opere<br />

allora non sono altro che un frammento d’infinito che<br />

prosegue ben al di là della tela.<br />

Questa apparente certezza suscita anche una serie di domande.<br />

Il bianco dominante, particolarmente presente nelle<br />

opere dipinte tra il 1957 e il 1961, ricorda la magnificenza<br />

di questo colore che contiene tutti gli altri, ma il cui<br />

valore simbolico resta ambiguo e pone l’immaginazione a<br />

confronto con il grande mistero dell’universo. Domande<br />

fondamentali: questa energia è lo spazio o l’assenza di spazio?<br />

È il pieno o il vuoto? Esprime una nostalgia o un compimento?<br />

Un timore o una speranza? Altrettanti dubbi filosofici<br />

si profilano nella rivelazione dell’opera che l’artista<br />

pone come un enigma. Questo si può risolvere nel riconoscimento<br />

di una forza positiva e vitale emanante dal colore.<br />

Alcuni, come Jean-François Lyotard, vi individuano la<br />

parte dell’ombra, in un saggio dedicato a <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> intitolato<br />

Lezione di tenebre, in cui il filosofo francese illustra<br />

la dialettica del nulla e interroga il nulla. È, evidentemente,<br />

una questione di fede...<br />

A illustrare questa filosofia pittorica in mostra vi è una<br />

grande tela, Senza titolo del 1967, di 240 x 180 cm, che<br />

nasce dalla cornice dipinta contenente il bianco dell’infinito<br />

racchiuso nel contorno dei colori. Enigmatica, concettuale<br />

e gestuale, quest’opera potrebbe intitolarsi “Concetto<br />

spaziale”.<br />

Il coinvolgimento fisico dell’artista nella sua opera, così<br />

come lo spazio creato, libero e aperto, intrinseco alla tecnica<br />

dell’all-over, appaiono come altrettanti elementi che<br />

rimandano alla pittura americana successiva alla seconda<br />

guerra mondiale. <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> adotta un’astrazione lirica<br />

e gestuale senza tuttavia accordare un primato al dinamismo<br />

del gesto. Il suo spazio, attraversato dal colore, diventa<br />

esso stesso colore: “Lo spazio è colore” scrive l’artista.<br />

Per lui il colore è la vera sostanza, il punto di partenza,<br />

che non è né il disegno né la linea. Il lavoro di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong><br />

è, dunque, basato essenzialmente sul colore. L’uso della<br />

pittura acrilica permette all’artista di realizzare colature e<br />

spruzzi, ma soprattutto rende possibili giochi di trasparenze<br />

che conferiscono alle sue opere una caratteristica luminosità.<br />

Le macchie di colore appaiono allora come schegge<br />

attraversate dalla luce e rivelano una delle preoccupazioni<br />

maggiori dell’artista, “meno interessato al gioco della luce<br />

che alla sostanza di cui è fatta”. 4 Spesso relegate al margine<br />

dell’opera, queste proiezioni di colore assumono l’aspetto<br />

di una cornice e interrogano i limiti della superficie, negata<br />

virtualmente dalla pratica dell’all-over. Costituiscono anche<br />

indici, segni che permettono di circoscrivere la superficie<br />

interna dell’opera.<br />

Lo stesso <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> ha spiegato che egli considerava<br />

“questa zona centrale non come uno spazio vuoto ma come<br />

una forma monumentale, definita da brani di colore<br />

stretti e frammentati ai bordi”. Lungi dal giocare il ruolo<br />

passivo di sfondo, dunque, questo spazio appare come<br />

il soggetto stesso del dipinto. Garante dell’ordine e della<br />

disciplina della composizione, la distesa bianca (o biancosabbia),<br />

né vuota, né sterile, è un luogo di tensione e di dinamismo<br />

che affascina lo spettatore.<br />

Quest’opera è anche tipica del periodo in cui l’artista ha<br />

prolungato i suoi soggiorni nell’atelier di Santa Monica. Il<br />

periodo tra il 1963 e la fine degli anni Sessanta è infatti segnato<br />

dall’esplosione del colore. Esso s’impone nella luce<br />

californiana, brillante e persino accecante, che segna la tela<br />

con le sue schegge luminose. La drammaturgia del rosso<br />

11


si contrappone all’esplosione vitale del giallo e alla pienezza<br />

del blu. Il bianco occupa il centro dell’opera, relegando<br />

il colore ai margini.<br />

Negli anni Settanta l’artista s’interessa all’esoterismo e alla<br />

teoria junghiana dell’inconscio, dipingendo tele più suggestive<br />

e fin quasi più figurative. La sua pittura acquisisce<br />

mistero e magia. La superficie bianca è saldamente delimitata.<br />

Il volume atmosferico non è più veramente vuoto,<br />

ma inquadrato da bande di colori mescolate che ne limitano<br />

l’espansione. S’impone un rettangolo bianco, che<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> chiama “buco dell’infinito”. Un’ansia indicibile<br />

s’insinua nell’opera, ristretta, strozzata attorno a un<br />

punto centrale che cattura l’energia vitale. È in questo periodo<br />

che l’artista realizza la serie delle Pitture mandala,<br />

forme meditative e magiche concentrate attorno a un piccolo<br />

quadrato bianco delimitato da masse colorate, invalicabili<br />

e inquietanti. I mandala sono le porte che conducono<br />

sul cammino dell’inconscio, aperte sulle profondità<br />

insondabili dell’essere. Le opere di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> conservano<br />

tuttavia un carattere diafano ed etereo, di cui troppo spesso<br />

si dimentica quanto sia il risultato di un instancabile lavoro<br />

formale sulla materia pittorica e il suo supporto. Parlare<br />

di “lavoro” a proposito delle pitture di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>, dall’aspetto<br />

così fluido e aereo, lungi dall’essere una contraddizione,<br />

appare come l’esito del formidabile corpo a corpo<br />

portato avanti nel corso della sua vita e che gli ha permesso<br />

di conquistare l’immaterialità della sua pittura.<br />

A partire dal 1975 uno dei suoi metodi più abituali consiste<br />

nel reticolare la superficie del quadro in modo uniforme<br />

utilizzando una quadrettatura, per stendere poi la pittura<br />

con il rullo ed eseguire ulteriori ritocchi a mano. Così<br />

la trama racchiude il bianco in un reticolato colorato.<br />

Poi, verso la fine degli anni Settanta e nel corso degli anni<br />

Ottanta, <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> riconquista la pienezza del suo gesto,<br />

ritrovando l’equilibrio organico che congloba l’intera<br />

superficie della tela. La struttura persiste, addirittura si<br />

consolida, come per difendersi dall’abisso delle profondità.<br />

La pittura diventa gestuale e perfino “frivola”, secondo<br />

Lyotard, come se l’artista volesse escluderne ogni drammaturgia,<br />

privilegiando il piacere del gesto che “non impegna<br />

l’animo”.<br />

Questo aspetto della sua opera, l’infinitamente bianco che<br />

già dalle prime tele introduce l’opera di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> nel<br />

campo analitico e simbolico, così come le molteplici sfaccettature<br />

del suo lavoro sono state oggetto di un saggio di<br />

Jean-François Lyotard pubblicato per la prima volta nel<br />

1992 con il titolo <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>. Leçon de ténèbres: “Like the<br />

Painting of a Blind Man” . 5 Lyotard, famoso soprattutto per<br />

le sue teorie riguardo al postmodernismo e al suo impatto<br />

sulla società, ha analizzato il linguaggio specifico di alcuni<br />

artisti contemporanei in una serie di saggi, dedicati in particolare<br />

a Marcel Duchamp, Karel Appel e <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>. 6 Il<br />

suo linguaggio filosofico rivela l’aspetto complesso e profondamente<br />

spirituale racchiuso nell’arte di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>.<br />

Le sue riflessioni illuminano l’opera dell’artista californiano<br />

di una luce che mette in rilievo la ricerca di un’immaterialità<br />

contenuta nel soffio quasi invisibile del messaggio<br />

pittorico. Secondo Lyotard “l’opera di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> rende<br />

omaggio alla meraviglia del visibile e testimonia l’enigma<br />

della visione”. E in queste sue riflessioni poetiche il filosofo<br />

spiega la varietà sottile del significato dei colori nella pittura<br />

di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>.<br />

La potenza dell’opera di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> ha trovato un’espressione<br />

altrettanto suggestiva nel lavoro che l’artista ha sviluppato,<br />

nel corso della sua vita, sulla carta: dripping,<br />

all-over, tachisme, trame reticolate s’impongono in modo<br />

altrettanto convincente su un supporto che l’artista ha<br />

sempre usato. Infatti, <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> amava lavorare sulla carta:<br />

questa gli consentiva una maggior libertà e la sua consistenza<br />

fibrosa offriva un supporto che interagiva con la<br />

pittura, conferendo all’opera un aspetto più organico, più<br />

profondo. Diceva infatti l’artista: “La carta è assai più bella<br />

della tela. È più profonda. Mi piace il modo in cui la pittura<br />

scivola nelle sue fibre.” Numerosi esempi di questa tecnica<br />

sono visibili in mostra, sprigionando la loro magia colorata,<br />

esplosiva, vitale.<br />

1<br />

Jackson Pollock, My Painting, in Pollock. Painting, a cura di Barbara<br />

Rose, Agrinde Publications, New York, 1980, p. 65.<br />

2<br />

David Kuperberg, Clyfford Still, The Art Story Foundation, New<br />

York, 2012.<br />

3<br />

Risposta di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> a una domanda a proposito del suo lavoro,<br />

citata in una lettera di Bernard Schultze ad Annelise Hoyer<br />

dell’agosto 1967.<br />

4<br />

Alain Yver in jazz.blog4ever.com<br />

5<br />

Edizione originale, The Lapis Press, Los Angeles, 1992.<br />

6<br />

Jean-François Lyotard, Writings on Contemporary Art and Artists,<br />

Leuven University Press, 2010. <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>. Leçon de ténèbres / Lesson<br />

of Darkness è il secondo di una serie di cinque volumi che riuniscono<br />

gli scritti più importanti di Lyotard (1924-1998) sull’arte<br />

contemporanea e gli artisti.<br />

12 SAM FRANCIS


Dominique Stella<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: Colour as Passion<br />

The art of <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> first took form at<br />

the start of the 1950s in the midst of the<br />

explosion of expressionism in the United<br />

States. The power that America had enjoyed<br />

since World War II gave it the authority<br />

to impose its law in art as in politics. This first took<br />

form in the questioning of the canons and stereotypes by<br />

which the members of the intelligentsia recognized one another.<br />

European values and attitudes no longer prevailed<br />

and artists like Pollock, Rothko and de Kooning generated<br />

a creative freedom for themselves that disrupted the established<br />

artistic approach and mentality by rejecting external<br />

subjects as their sources of inspiration, instead recognizing<br />

only informal and gestural expressiveness from deep within<br />

the self as their reference.<br />

As a Californian, <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> was not part of the New<br />

York scene. However, he developed a new aesthetic based<br />

on colour, and a new conception of the canvas and physical<br />

gesture within the different art currents of his period<br />

brought into being by such artists as Rothko, Pollock, de<br />

Kooning and Kline. They were all older than him and recognized<br />

as founders of American abstract expressionism.<br />

He shared their ideas, which rejected the age-old canons<br />

as the origin of the creative act and considered the canvas<br />

as a territory where dreams and expression could be manifested.<br />

Neither figures nor composition were incorporated,<br />

and the canvas was viewed as a vast field of action in<br />

which the artist performed physically using generous, flowing<br />

gestures: the result was a spontaneous form of art that<br />

went by the name of “action painting”.<br />

Jackson Pollock was the initiator of the movement in the<br />

United States. His enormous canvases covered with drips<br />

and explosions of paint prompt the observer to reflect on<br />

what he or she is gazing on. The complex interlacing of colours<br />

emphasizes the surface of the canvas and the pictorial<br />

application of the medium. The eye is not attracted to<br />

any particular zone of the painting, nor directed outside<br />

the frame, and there is little explicit evidence of representation<br />

or reality underlying the image. Dripping was simply<br />

a technique and the technique became art. It produced<br />

extraordinary works dense with colours thrown onto the<br />

canvas in thick layers of paint. Pollock painted his canvases<br />

spread out on the ground because, as he said: “On the<br />

floor I am more at ease. I feel nearer, more a part of the<br />

painting since this way I can walk around it, work from<br />

the four sides and literally be in the painting.” 1 There is<br />

neither landscape, nor context: “I am nature!”, Pollock is<br />

saying to us.<br />

Although Rothko is also classified as an abstract expressionist<br />

artist, he refused the alienating definition of action<br />

painter. His art, based on large fields of colour in monumentally<br />

sized works, was described by the American term<br />

“colorfield painting” and was founded on a spiritual and<br />

meditative inspiration that absorbs the observer into the<br />

painting. Monumentality was a necessary feature of Rothko’s<br />

pictorial expression.<br />

With Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning was a twin emblem<br />

of action painting. He too created his own technique,<br />

carving the paint with a spatula or blade and creating runs<br />

and spurts of colour with his gestures. His finished canvases<br />

aroused a feeling of incompleteness in the observer that<br />

called into action the individual’s imagination. This ambiguity<br />

was de Kooning’s interpretation of action painting,<br />

which gradually came to establish itself as a form of abstract<br />

expressionism.<br />

In relation to the work of his elders, <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>’s output<br />

was most closely linked to that of colorfield and action<br />

painting, and his personal preference was for Pollock<br />

rather than either de Kooning or Rothko. Of course, like<br />

that of many artists during the 1950s and 1960s, <strong>Francis</strong>’s<br />

painting could be related to all the currents of that period:<br />

lyrical abstraction, abstract expressionism, tachism, action<br />

painting and colorfield painting are all reflected in his output,<br />

but without any single one of them being predominant.<br />

He explored the aesthetic and subjective possibilities<br />

that each of them offered. Beyond the pictorial context<br />

that he fell so perfectly within, his development and choices<br />

conferred a uniqueness on his work that distinguishes it<br />

from all other artists.<br />

The process that underlay the production of his works<br />

13


was unique to him and marked by a personal experience<br />

that acted rather like a leavening agent on his creative<br />

method. The event was an accident that came to determine<br />

his pictorial preferences and to reveal to him the<br />

intimate nature of colour and light. In 1944, while a pilot<br />

in the US military, his plane crashed in the desert. A<br />

long period spent in hospital led him to take up drawing<br />

and painting as a pastime but these rapidly turned into a<br />

passion. He later recognized them as the cipher through<br />

which he was able to recover his health and mental stability.<br />

His experience in the desert marked his imagination<br />

for ever and became the major inspiration of his work.<br />

The dazzling brightness of the endless desert sand underlay<br />

the unbounded spaces of his paintings. The unique<br />

characteristic of his production is the sensation given of<br />

the absolute dissolution of form and tonalities within the<br />

shifting uniformity of the sandy colour that captures the<br />

tiny nuances of a torrid sky. His art is based on the predominance<br />

of the ground – often white or light beige in<br />

colour – that drives the bursts of luminous colours to the<br />

edges of the work. The endless grandeur of space captures<br />

in its periphery the incandescent nature of air spattered<br />

with vibrant lights.<br />

The first stage of his apprenticeship in art occurred when<br />

he signed up for art studies at Berkeley, then in 1946 at<br />

San <strong>Francis</strong>co on leaving hospital. His course there was<br />

given by the artist Clyfford Still.<br />

<strong>Francis</strong> was impressed by Still’s resolutely “organic” style,<br />

notably the indefinable novelty of his oeuvre that made<br />

him one of the masters of American abstract expressionism.<br />

Still considered painting to be an amalgamation of elements:<br />

“I never wanted color to be color. I never wanted<br />

texture to be texture, or images to become shapes. I wanted<br />

them all to fuse together into a living spirit.” 2 Still’s teachings<br />

were reflected in the work of <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> in his more<br />

lyrical and poetic expressiveness, while retaining its fundamental<br />

essence of vitality.<br />

The second stage of <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>’s apprenticeship was represented<br />

by the periods of time he spent in Europe. Between<br />

1950 and 1961 he stayed for long periods in Paris<br />

broken by visits to New York and California, and trips<br />

to Mexico, India, Thailand, Hong Kong and Japan between<br />

1957 and 1959, where he stopped on several occasions<br />

to paint. His first exhibition was held at the Galerie<br />

Nina Dausset in Paris in 1952. His first monochrome<br />

works, executed in Paris, were far from informal, but he<br />

very quickly returned to the American colorfield tradition<br />

of large blocks of colour, while also borrowing the<br />

notion of “couleur suggestive” from painters like Monet,<br />

Gauguin, Matisse and Bonnard. His imagination was<br />

powerfully struck by Monet’s cycle of Water Lilies. He employed<br />

the same technique of composing a wraithlike relationship<br />

across the pictorial space between juxtaposed<br />

taches of colour, thus creating an illusion of atmosphere<br />

whilst emphasizing the surface of the canvas. Monet’s influence<br />

is also seen in <strong>Francis</strong>’s use of intense chromatism,<br />

which he applied in fluid juxtaposed taches from which the<br />

colour ran. He is said to have stated in 1950: “I make the<br />

late Monet pure.” 3<br />

Sharing with Matisse the experience of sickness as a catalyst<br />

for art, <strong>Francis</strong> felt he had a close relationship with the<br />

French master. He was influenced by Matisse’s use of powerful,<br />

contrasting colours accentuated by intense brightness<br />

and assimilated Matisse’s innovations in colour and twodimensionality<br />

that contribute to the purification of form.<br />

Matisse was a member of the post-impressionist sphere<br />

that concentrated its research on light, which is especially<br />

evident in Luxe, calme et volupté and made manifest by the<br />

diffraction of the colours. In this painting, Matisse used<br />

dots like deft brushstrokes; the shadows are blue, the lights<br />

orangey and red. He only employed bright, primary colours<br />

(red, yellow, blue) and their complementaries (orange,<br />

green and violet), arranging them carefully so as to<br />

bring life to the light.<br />

It was this same vibration of colours that <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> was<br />

experimenting with; he wanted the light and colour to rise<br />

out of the canvas in an explosive sensation that represented<br />

the process of life in the world. In his often large format<br />

paintings he mixed a variety of techniques: dripping,<br />

all-over and tachism. The name of this last practice refers<br />

to the element of chance in pictorial creation: the tache<br />

(from the French word for “stain”) takes its form entirely<br />

randomly and spontaneously. Like Jackson Pollock, <strong>Sam</strong><br />

<strong>Francis</strong> focused exclusively on the ground, excluding any<br />

figuration. Thus his planes tended to be simplified and his<br />

large works would be based on colour, including black,<br />

which <strong>Francis</strong> thought of as a “non-colour”. He took the<br />

explosion of form to its furthest point and thus initiated<br />

the technique of dissolution. In some of his canvases, this<br />

practice renders figures liquid, which he translated into<br />

vertical runs of paint to create a sort of grid or web that<br />

connects the forms-taches together.<br />

Colour in <strong>Francis</strong>’s works arises from the ground, which in<br />

turn was either white or sand-coloured in reference to the<br />

14 SAM FRANCIS


desert that was so strongly present in his imagination. The<br />

immensity of space and the intensity of the air absorbed<br />

by the intense, omnipresent sunlight became his source of<br />

inspiration and led to a pictorial construction characterized<br />

by space and the infinitely white. The uniformity of<br />

the white canvas, where the white sand merges with the<br />

sky, led him to paint forwards from out of the background,<br />

the place that in painting represents infinity. Logically, the<br />

development from this starting point was that, if infinity<br />

comes from out of the background, then there is no need<br />

to paint figures as what interested him as an artist was “the<br />

space between things”. By suppressing figures, <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong><br />

suppressed the finite, leaving only the infinite. Thus his<br />

paintings are simply a fragment of the infinity that continues<br />

beyond the edges of the canvas.<br />

This apparent certitude also aroused a number of questions.<br />

The dominant and magnificent white – which was<br />

particularly present in his paintings between 1957 and<br />

1961 – reminds us that it contains all the other colours but<br />

that symbolically it is ambiguous and places man’s imagination<br />

in confrontation with the mystery of the universe.<br />

It induces a series of fundamental questions: is the energy<br />

represented by the white space or the absence of space? Is<br />

it filled or empty space? Does it express nostalgia or fulfilment?<br />

A fear or a hope? The creative process in <strong>Francis</strong>’s<br />

paintings gives rise to as many philosophical doubts as the<br />

enigmas that the artist poses himself. These uncertainties<br />

might be resolved in the recognition of the positive and vital<br />

force that emanates from colour. The author Jean-François<br />

Lyotard suggested that the colour in the artist’s paintings<br />

represents darkness, in an essay on <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> titled<br />

Lesson of Darkness, which illustrates the dialectics of nothing<br />

and questions nothingness. Resolution of the uncertainties<br />

is clearly a question of faith!<br />

A large canvas in the exhibition (Untitled, 1967, 240 x 180<br />

cm) illustrates this pictorial philosophy. The work develops<br />

from the outside, from the painted frame that encloses the<br />

white of infinity between the coloured forms: enigmatic,<br />

conceptual and gestural, this painting might easily go by<br />

the title of “Spatial Concept”.<br />

The artist’s physical involvement with the creation of this<br />

work, and the free, open space that is intrinsic to the allover<br />

technique, are both characteristic of American postwar<br />

painting. <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> incorporated lyrical, gestural<br />

abstraction in his work without, however, attributing primary<br />

importance to the dynamism that gesture created.<br />

Shot through by colour, the space itself becomes colour.<br />

He wrote: “Space is color.” For him, color is the true substance,<br />

the starting point that is neither design nor lines.<br />

His work is, therefore, based fundamentally on colour. The<br />

use of acrylics allowed him to create runs and spurts of<br />

paint but, above all, it made possible the assimilation of<br />

degrees of transparency that gave his paintings their luminosity.<br />

The stains of colour take on the appearance of darts<br />

shot through with light and are illustrative of the artist being<br />

“less interested in the play of light than the substance<br />

it is made of” 4 . Often relegated to the edges of his works,<br />

these projections of colour appear like a frame and raise<br />

doubts about the limits of the surface, which is itself virtually<br />

negated by the all-over technique. They can also be<br />

thought of as indices or signs that allow the circumscription<br />

of the internal surface of a work.<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> explained that he considered “this central zone<br />

not as an empty space but as a monumental form, defined<br />

by shreds of color packed and fragmented at the edges”. So,<br />

far from playing the passive role as the background, it becomes<br />

the subject of the painting. Imbuing the composition<br />

with order and discipline, the white (or sandy-white)<br />

expanse, which is neither empty nor sterile, is a place characterized<br />

by tension and dynamism.<br />

This painting is also representative of the artist’s extended<br />

stay in his studio in Santa Monica. His production during<br />

the years from 1963 to the end of the decade is marked by<br />

the outpouring of colour. In the light of southern California,<br />

brilliant and even dazzling colour asserted itself in luminous<br />

flashes on his canvas. The drama of red is countered<br />

by the vital explosion of yellow and the plenitude of<br />

blue. White occupies the centre of the works, pushing colour<br />

to the edges.<br />

During the 1970s <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> became interested in the<br />

Jungian theory of the unconscious and esotericism, with<br />

the result that he began to paint more suggestive and even<br />

figurative works. The act of painting gained in mystery and<br />

magic. The white surface became firmly locked and the atmospheric<br />

volume was no longer really empty but framed<br />

by bands of mixed colours that limit the white’s expansion.<br />

A white rectangle, which <strong>Francis</strong> called the “hole of<br />

infinity”, took centre-stage and this strangled central point<br />

captured vital energy while the locked painting was encroached<br />

upon by an inexpressible anxiety. In <strong>Francis</strong>’s art,<br />

this point marked the representation of the unconscious,<br />

with suffocation and strangulation becoming evident. His<br />

15


series of Mandala Paintings are meditative, magical forms<br />

concentrated around a small white square bounded by tightly<br />

packed, disturbing masses of colour. The mandalas are<br />

doorways that open onto the tunnels of the unconscious<br />

that lead us to the unfathomable depths of our being. His<br />

works, however, continued to be shot through with a diaphanous<br />

and ethereal character that we too often forget is the<br />

result of unflagging formal work on the pictorial matter and<br />

its support. The “work” involved in <strong>Francis</strong>’s apparently fluid<br />

and airy paintings, which is not a contradiction in terms,<br />

represents nothing but the artist’s lifelong tussle with his materials<br />

to conquer immateriality in painting.<br />

From 1975, one of his most commonly used methods was<br />

to create a grid across the surface of the painting and then<br />

pass the paint across the canvas with a roller. The next steps<br />

would be carried out by hand. The framework clasped the<br />

white in a lattice of colour.<br />

Towards the end of the 1970s and during the following decade,<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> recaptured the plenitude of gesture in his<br />

painting and the organic balance that encompasses the surface<br />

of the canvas. The grid structure persists and even hardens<br />

as though to defend itself from the abyssal depths. His<br />

painting became gestural and even “frivolous”, according to<br />

Lyotard, as if the artist had wished to lock out all sense of<br />

drama and emphasize the pleasure of the gesture that “no<br />

longer engaged the soul”. Like the white infinity that introduced<br />

<strong>Francis</strong>’s work into the analytical and symbolic field,<br />

this aspect of his oeuvre, like the multiple facets of his painting,<br />

became the subject of an essay by Jean-François Lyotard<br />

published in 1992 with the title <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>. Lesson of Darkness:<br />

“Like the Paintings of a Blind Man”. 5 A well-known philosopher,<br />

in particular for his opinions on postmodernist<br />

thought and its impact on society, Lyotard analysed the artistic<br />

language of certain twentieth-century artists in a series<br />

of essays, most notably on Marcel Duchamp, Karel Appel<br />

and <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>. 6 Lyotard’s essay reveals the complex and<br />

highly spiritual aspects of <strong>Francis</strong>’s painting and the subtle<br />

variety in his use of colour. His reflections illuminate the artist’s<br />

work and highlights the Californian’s search for immateriality<br />

in the almost invisible breath of the pictorial message.<br />

In Lyotard’s opinion, “the work of <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> pays homage<br />

to the visible marvel and bears witness to the visual enigma”.<br />

The power of <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>’s art found an equally expressive<br />

outlet in the work that he produced throughout his<br />

life on paper, in which the techniques of drippings, allover,<br />

tachism and grids were all employed. <strong>Francis</strong> loved<br />

to work on paper on account of the greater freedom it offered,<br />

and the fact that its fibrous consistency interacted<br />

with the paint to give the finished work a deeper and more<br />

organic quality. He said: “Paper is much more beautiful<br />

than canvas. It’s deeper. I like the way that the paint slips<br />

into the fibres.” The exhibition contains numerous examples<br />

of his paper works, with their explosive, vigorous and<br />

colourful magic.<br />

1<br />

Jackson Pollock, My Painting, in Pollock. Painting, edited by<br />

Barbara Rose, Agrinde Publications, New York, 1980, p. 65.<br />

2<br />

David Kuperberg, Clyfford Still, The Art Story Foundation, New<br />

York, 2012.<br />

3<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> in response to a question about his work. Stated in<br />

a letter from Bernard Schultze to Annelise Hoyer in August 1967.<br />

4<br />

Alain Yver in jazz.blog4ever.com<br />

5<br />

First ed. The Lapis Press, Los Angeles, 1992.<br />

6<br />

Jean-François Lyotard, Writings on Contemporary Art and Artists,<br />

Leuven University Press, 2010. <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>. Leçon de ténèbres /<br />

Lesson of Darkness is the second of a series of five volumes of the<br />

most important texts by Lyotard (1924-1998) on modern art and<br />

artists.<br />

16 SAM FRANCIS


Opere / Works


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1949<br />

Acquarello su carta<br />

Watercolor on paper<br />

30,5 x 24,5 cm<br />

Firmato e datato dall’artista a matita sul retro/Signed with date by the artist<br />

in pencil on verso: “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> 1949”<br />

Timbrato sul retro con il logo/Stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo<br />

SF49-075<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2000)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 19 (ill. colori)<br />

18 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, c. 1950-1990<br />

Acrilico, gouache, inchiostro e tempera su carta<br />

Acrylic, gouache, ink and tempera on paper<br />

43 x 35,5 cm<br />

Senza firma né data/Unsigned and undated<br />

Timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/Stamped on verso<br />

with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF50-191<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2000)<br />

Collezione privata, Milano<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia<br />

Collezione privata, Rovigo, Italia<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 21 (ill. colori)<br />

20 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1952<br />

Inchiostro su carta<br />

Ink on paper<br />

62 x 49,5 cm<br />

Firmato e datato dall’artista a matita sul retro/Signed with the date by the<br />

artist and inscribed in pencil on verso: “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> 1952 Paris”<br />

Timbrato sul retro con il logo/Stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong><br />

Estate logo<br />

SF52-001<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 23 (ill. colori)<br />

22 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1956<br />

Gouache e acquarello su carta<br />

Gouache and watercolor on paper<br />

74,9 x 55,9 cm<br />

Firmato sul retro in penna blu/Signed on verso in blue pen: “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”<br />

SF56-212<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

Gimpel Fils, Ltd., Londra<br />

Private East Coast Collection, USA (1961)<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia (2010)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

MiArt 2011, Milano, 07-11/04/2011, Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, stand<br />

E11, pad. 3<br />

ArtVerona 2011, Verona, 06-10/10/2011, Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>,<br />

stand B16<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “Italia-America. Il Novecento a<br />

confronto”, 24/09-01/10/2011<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 25 (ill. colori)<br />

24 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1957<br />

Gouache e acquarello su carta<br />

Gouache and watercolor on paper<br />

94 x 182 cm<br />

Firmato e datato dall’artista sul retro/Signed, with the date by the artist and<br />

inscribed on verso: “Painted by me in 1957 <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”<br />

SF57-063<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

Gimpel Fils Gallery, Ltd., Londra<br />

Collezione privata, Londra<br />

Collezione privata<br />

Collezione privata, Padova<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Tokyo Department Store Gallery, Shibuya, Tokyo, “The adventure<br />

of Today’s Painting: The Art of <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> and Toshimitsu Imai”,<br />

15-20/10/1957; poi Kintetsu Department Store Gallery, Osaka, novembre 1957<br />

Gimpel Fils Gallery, Londra. Collector’s choice VIII, May 1958<br />

Warwick Art Trust, Londra, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> in Britain”, novembre-dicembre<br />

1984, cat. n. 3<br />

Chiostro S. Francesco, Udine, “Afro Italia-America incontri & confronti”,<br />

25/11/2006-18/3/2007, cat. p. 217<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “Opere Grandi Grandi Opere”,<br />

2/10/2010-26/02/2011, cat. p. 59<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 27 (ill. colori)<br />

26 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled (Composition no. 6), 1959<br />

Gouache e acquarello su carta<br />

Gouache and watercolor on paper<br />

67,5 x 101 cm<br />

Firmato sul retro in penna a sfera/Signed and inscribed on verso in ballpoint<br />

pen: “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> #6”<br />

SF59-257<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

Kasmin Gallery, Londra<br />

Collezione privata, San <strong>Francis</strong>co<br />

André Emmerich Gallery, New York<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia (2010)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

USIS Gallery, American Embassy, Londra, “Modern American Painting”,<br />

26/05-10/06/1961<br />

André Emmerich Gallery, New York, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: The Early Years 1955-<br />

1963”, 10/06-03/07/1986 e 02/09-11/10/1986<br />

André Emmerich Gallery, New York, “Selected Works II from the Gallery’s<br />

Collection”, 27/04-17/05/1989<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 29 (ill. colori)<br />

28 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Progetto di murales per Chase Manhattan Bank/Study for the Chase Manhattan Bank Mural, 1959<br />

Gouache su carta<br />

Gouache on paper<br />

53,34 x 251,46 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma / Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong><br />

Estate logo and facsimile signature stamp<br />

SF59-089<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California<br />

Manny Silverman Gallery, Los Angeles (1999)<br />

American Contemporary Art Gallery, Munich<br />

Neuhoff Gallery, New York<br />

Collezione privata, New York<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia (2010)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

André Emmerich Gallery, New York, <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: “Paintings on Paper”, 6-29/01/1983<br />

André Emmerich Gallery, New York. “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: New Work” 8/11-1/12/1984<br />

Manny Silverman Gallery, Los Angeles. “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> in New York 1958-1960”, 1/05-28/6/1997<br />

American Contemporary Art Gallery, Munich. “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: Works from 1953 – 1969”, 9/10/1998-30/01/1999; exhibition catalogue, p. 8-9 (ill)<br />

Centro Culturale Candiani, Mestre, Italia. “Jackson Pollock: The Irascibles and the New York School”, 23/2/03-30/06/2002;<br />

exhibition catalogue, n°71, p. 151 (ill)<br />

MiArt 2011 – Milano, dal 07-11/04/2011 – Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong> – stand E11 pad. 3<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia. “Italia America il Novecento a confronto”, 24/09-01/10/11<br />

ArtVerona 2011 – Verona, dal 06-10/10/2011 – Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong> – stand B16<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, Italy. “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012, cat. pp. 30-31 (ill. colori)<br />

Pubblicazioni/Publications:<br />

Jackson Pollock: The Irascibles and the New York School, Milan, Italy: Skira, 2002, cat. 71, p. 152, illus.<br />

30 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled (Blue, Black and Green), 1959<br />

Gouache e acquarello su carta<br />

Gouache and watercolor on paper<br />

42,5 x 35 cm<br />

Firmato e datato dall’artista a matita sul retro in pittura blu/Signed, with the<br />

date by the artist on verso in blue paint: “May 1959”<br />

SF59-462<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia (2007)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 33 (ill. colori)<br />

32 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1960<br />

Acquarello e acrilico su carta<br />

Watercolor and acrylica on paper<br />

cm. 51,35 x 35,56<br />

Firmato e datato dall’artista sul retro/Signed, with the date by the artist on<br />

verso: “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> 1960”<br />

Timbrato sul retro con il logo/Stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong><br />

Estate logo<br />

SF60-1126<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (1997)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 35 (ill. colori)<br />

34 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1960/90<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

24 x 21,5 cm<br />

Non firmato, datato sul retro dall’assistente/Unsigned; dated on verso by<br />

studio assistant: “1960”<br />

Timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/Stamped on verso<br />

with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF60-1143<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (1997)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 37 (ill. colori)<br />

36 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, c. 1960<br />

Acquarello su carta<br />

Watercolor on paper<br />

30 x 20,6 cm<br />

Senza firma né data/Unsigned and undated<br />

Timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/Stamped on verso<br />

with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF60-1192<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2003)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 39 (ill. colori)<br />

38 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Santa Barbara (Blue Balls), 1962<br />

Gouache su carta,<br />

Gouache on paper<br />

23,5 x 33 cm<br />

Firmato e datato dall’artista a matita sul retro/Signed, with the date by the<br />

artist on verso in pencil: “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> 1962”<br />

Timbrato sul retro con il logo/Stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong><br />

Estate logo stamp<br />

SF62-035<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2004)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galerie Beyeler, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, Fiera di Basilea 1977; cat. n. 24<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 41 (ill. colori)<br />

40 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1963<br />

Acrilico e acquarello su carta, 1963<br />

Acrylic and watercolor on paper<br />

27,5 x 23,5 cm<br />

Firmato e datato dall’artista sul retro/Signed, with the date by the artist on<br />

verso: “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> 1963”<br />

SF 63-322<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (c.1992)<br />

Galerie Wild, Zurigo (1993)<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia (2008)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 43 (ill. colori)<br />

42 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled (Edge Painting), 1967<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

240 x 180 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF.479<br />

SFP67-20<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam<br />

Baukunst Galerie, Colonia<br />

Collezione privata, Belgio (2009)<br />

Guy Pieters Gallery, Belgio<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Tokyo Central Bijutsukan Gallery, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, con Minami Gallery,<br />

Tokyo, 10-30/05/1968, brochure (no ill.); poi Gutai Pinacotheca Osaka,<br />

02-17/06/1968<br />

Smith Andersen Gallery, Palo Alto, California, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: Four Decades”,<br />

27/02-23/04/1988<br />

University Art Museum, University of California, Berkeley,<br />

“<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: 1994. Distinguished Alumnus Award Exhibition”,<br />

brochure (no ill.)<br />

Galerie Jean Fournier, Parigi, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: Edges 1962-1970”,<br />

12/03-30/04/1999<br />

Baukunst Galerie, Colonia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: Bilder der 60er Jahre”,<br />

08/02-27/03/2001<br />

Fundación Bancaja, Valencia, “La Espiritualidad del vacío/The Spirituality of<br />

the Void”, 02/10/2001-07/01/2002; cat. p. 121 e copertina (ill. colori)<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 45 (ill. colori)<br />

Bibliografia/Literature:<br />

Dedication Kusuo Shimizu and Minami Gallery, Minami Gallery,<br />

Tokyo,1985, cat. p. 70 (ill.)<br />

44 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1974<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

39 x 49 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il facsimile della firma/Unsigned<br />

and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> facsimile signature<br />

stamp<br />

SF74-773<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2003)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 47 (ill. colori)<br />

46 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled (Study for Cover to Hilde Kirsch Feschrift), 1977<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

76,3 x 31 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF77-138<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2001)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 49 (ill. colori)<br />

48 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, c. 1980/1990<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

76,5 x 57,5 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF80-1146<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2000)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 51 (ill. colori)<br />

50 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1983<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

38 x 18,4 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF83-100<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2004)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 53 (ill. colori)<br />

52 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, c. 1985/1990<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

39 x 47 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF85-503<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2004)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 55 (ill. colori)<br />

54 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1985<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

38,7 x 33 cm<br />

Senza firma; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> logo and facsimile<br />

signature stamps<br />

Datato sul retro in rosso dall’assistente/Dated on verso, by studio assistant,<br />

in red: “1985”<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF. 1192<br />

SFP85-172<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (1999)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

André Emmerich Gallery, New York, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: Miniatures”, 12/1997<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam, Museum Jan van der Togt, Amstelveen,<br />

“<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: Remembering 1923-1994”, 8/11/2004-9/01/2005; cat.<br />

pp.104-105, 112 (ill. b/n e col.)<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 57 (ill. colori)<br />

Bibliografia/Literature:<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>, Galleria Il Gabbiano, Roma, 2000; cat. p. 45 (ill.)<br />

56 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1985<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

71,5 x 21,5 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF. 1212<br />

SFP85-32<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2003)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 59 (ill. colori)<br />

58 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, c. 1986<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

47 x 34 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF86-809<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2003)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 61 (ill. colori)<br />

60 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1986<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

111 x 111 cm<br />

Senza firma; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/Unsigned;<br />

stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate logo and facsimile<br />

signature stamps<br />

Datato sul retro con matita colorata dall’assistente/Dated on verso, by<br />

studio assistant, in colored pencil: “top 1986”<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF. 1321<br />

SFP86-41<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California<br />

Collezione privata (acquistata tramite Bruk Kahan Gallery, Boca Raton,<br />

Florida)<br />

Collezione privata New York<br />

Collezione privata, Roma<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Museum of Modern Art, Toyama, Giappone, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, con Nantenshi<br />

Gallery, Tokyo, 23/04/-19/06/1988, cat. n. 14, p. 50 (ill. colori); poi Museum<br />

of Modern Art, Seibu Takanawa, Karuizawa, 04/08-04/09/1988; Museum<br />

of Modern Art Shiga, 10/09/-16/10/1988; Ohara Museum of Art, Kurashiki,<br />

25/10-27/11/1988; Setagaya Art Museum, Tokyo, 25/02-26/03/1989<br />

ArtVerona 2009, Verona, 17-21/09/2009, Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>,<br />

stand P4-Q5<br />

ArtVerona 2010, Verona, 14-18/10/2011, Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>,<br />

stand B16<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, “Italia America. Il Novecento a confronto”,<br />

24/09-01/10/2011<br />

Brescia <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong> e Contemporanea, 28/11/2011, Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong><br />

<strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, stand 15/16<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 63 (ill. colori)<br />

62 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1987<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

81,5 x 56 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF87-141<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2000)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 65 (ill. colori)<br />

64 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, c. 1987-1988<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

33 x 24 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF. 1523<br />

SF87-184<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2000)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 67 (ill. colori)<br />

66 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled (Red Augusto), 1987<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

106,6 x 86,3 cm<br />

Firmato e datato dall’artista con pennarello nero sul retro/Signed, with date<br />

by the artist on verso in black marker: “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> 1987”<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF. 1457<br />

SFP87-120<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Collezione privata<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2000)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Museun of Modern Art, Toyama, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, con Nantenshi Gallery,<br />

Tokyo, 23/04-19/06/1988; cat. n. 21, p. 56 (ill. colori); poi Museum of<br />

Modern Art, Seibu Takanawa, Karuizawa, 04/08-04/09/1988; Museum of<br />

Modern Art Shiga, 10/09-16/10/1988; Ohara Museum of Art, Kurashiki,<br />

25/10-27/11/1988; Setagaya Art Museum, Tokyo, 25/02-26/03/1989<br />

Galerie Jean Fournier, Parigi, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: une exposition pour nos anniversaires”,<br />

16/03-26/04/1991<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: A Selection of Paintings 1946-<br />

1992”, 18/12/2010-20/02/2011; cat. p.45 (ill. colori)<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 69 (ill. colori)<br />

68 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1988<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

33 x 24 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF. 1521<br />

SF88-266<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Collezione privata<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2010)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: A Selection of Paintings 1946-<br />

1992”, 18/12/2010-20/02/2011; cat. p. 51 (ill. colori)<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 71 (ill. colori)<br />

70 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1988<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

33 x 24 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF. 1521<br />

SF88-264<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Collezione privata<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2002)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria il Gabbiano, Roma, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, con Manny Silverman Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles, 28/11/1998-febbraio 1999; cat. n. 28 (ill. colori)<br />

Galerie Koch, Hannover, Germania, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: Werke von 1958-1992”,<br />

4/09-09/10/2010, brochure (no ill.)<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 73 (ill. colori)<br />

72 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, c. 1989<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

30,5 x 45 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF89-119<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2003)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 75 (ill. colori)<br />

74 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1990<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

49 x 28 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF. 1645<br />

SFP90-26<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2003)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Page Gallery, Seoul, “The Painter <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, con Galerie Son, Berlino,<br />

03/03-30/04/2011<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 77 (ill. colori)<br />

76 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1990<br />

Acrilico su tela<br />

Acrylic on canvas<br />

170 x 134 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

Catalogue Raisonné n. SFF. 1634<br />

SFP90-29<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2005)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>: The Unknown Works from<br />

1990s”, 19/11-23/12/2005; cat. p. 68 (ill. colori)<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 79 (ill. colori)<br />

78 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Senza titolo/Untitled, 1992<br />

Acrilico su carta<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

86 x 76 cm<br />

Senza firma né data; timbrato sul retro con il logo e il facsimile della firma/<br />

Unsigned and undated; stamped on verso with the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Estate<br />

logo and facsimile signature stamps<br />

SF92-102<br />

Provenienza/Provenance:<br />

The Estate of the artist, California (1994)<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam (2005)<br />

Esposizioni/Exhibitions:<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia, “<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>”, 21/04-14/07/2012,<br />

cat. p. 81 (ill. colori)<br />

80 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


Apparati / Appendix


84 © <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, California / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York


in collaborazione con<br />

Debra Burchett-Lere,<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation ©<br />

Notizie biografiche<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> nel suo studio,<br />

Tokyo, 1974 circa /<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> in his studio,<br />

Tokyo, circa 1974<br />

© <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation,<br />

California / Artists Rights Society<br />

(ARS), New York<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>, nato nel 1923 a San Mateo,<br />

California, è morto nel 1994 a Santa Monica,<br />

California.<br />

Dopo aver inizialmente studiato psicologia e<br />

medicina, in seguito studia pittura con Clyfford<br />

Still, prima di recarsi a Parigi, dove rimane<br />

dal 1948 fino al 1950 frequentando l’Académie<br />

Léger. Nel 1952 tiene la sua prima<br />

mostra personale a Parigi e incontra esponenti<br />

dell’informale francese. Accettato come<br />

esponente della giovane avanguardia<br />

europea, presenta il suo lavoro in diverse<br />

esposizioni a Parigi, Londra e Berna. La partecipazione<br />

a Twelve Americans, mostra allestita<br />

al Museum of Modern Art di New York<br />

nel 1956, lo fa notare anche in America.<br />

Durante questo periodo la sua produzione<br />

passa da composizioni con campiture pittoriche<br />

monocrome a “isole di colori” brillanti<br />

su tele bianche. La sua modalità grafica<br />

di stendere la pennellata e il carattere lirico<br />

del suo colore fluido avvicinano <strong>Francis</strong><br />

all’arte dell’Estremo Oriente, che egli studia<br />

intensamente. Nel 1957 viaggia in India,<br />

Thailandia e Giappone, esponendo a Tokyo<br />

e Osaka.<br />

Dopo irrequieti spostamenti tra Parigi, la<br />

sua città natale e altre grandi città, <strong>Francis</strong><br />

torna in California nel 1962, stabilendosi<br />

dapprima a Santa Barbara e prendendo<br />

poi uno studio a Venice, Santa Monica, nel<br />

1963. Nel corso degli anni Sessanta sviluppa<br />

un proprio stile ben riconoscibile di dripping<br />

spontaneo e gestuale. Lavora stendendo<br />

colori a olio, acrilici e acquarelli sulla tela<br />

e sulla carta con movimenti circolari e creando<br />

effetti di spruzzo. Nelle sue “grid pictures”<br />

degli anni Settanta la superficie pittorica<br />

è coperta con strutture rettangolari.<br />

<strong>Francis</strong> non è solo un illustre esponente<br />

dell’action painting; egli esplora le più varie<br />

tecniche artistiche, come la litografia, l’acquaforte<br />

e il monotipo, e la sua passione<br />

per la grafica d’arte lo spinge nei primi anni<br />

Ottanta a condurre interessanti esperimenti<br />

in questo campo. Caratteristiche di questa<br />

fase sono composizioni espressive suddivise<br />

in più parti, talvolta con colature di vernice.<br />

Negli ultimi anni <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> si impegna<br />

anche in committenze per dipinti murali di<br />

grandi dimensioni.<br />

1946-1958<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> dipinge e studia a San<br />

<strong>Francis</strong>co, in California, dopo che un<br />

incidente aereo e problemi di salute<br />

lo costringono per anni in ospedale.<br />

Si diploma nel 1949 e nel 1950 riceve<br />

il bachelor’s degree alla University of<br />

California di Berkeley. Tra il 1950 e il 1958<br />

vive e lavora principalmente a Parigi,<br />

compiendo viaggi in Messico, in Giappone,<br />

in vari paesi d’Europa e negli Stati Uniti.<br />

1952<br />

Prima mostra personale alla Galerie Nina<br />

Dausset di Parigi.<br />

1955<br />

Mostra personale alla Galerie Rive Droite<br />

di Parigi.<br />

1956<br />

Partecipa alla mostra Twelve Americans<br />

al Museum of Modern Art di New York.<br />

Mostre personali: Galerie Rive Droite,<br />

Parigi; Zoe Dusanne Gallery, Seattle;<br />

Martha Jackson Gallery, New York;<br />

Galerie Ad Libitum, Anversa.<br />

Il “Time Magazine” descrive <strong>Francis</strong><br />

come “il miglior pittore americano<br />

nella Parigi di oggi”.<br />

1957<br />

Viaggia in Giappone e dipinge un murale<br />

per la Sogetsu School di Tokyo. Mostre<br />

personali: Zoe Dusanne Gallery, Seattle;<br />

Gimpel Fils, Londra.<br />

1959<br />

Affitta uno studio a New York e<br />

intraprende la realizzazione di un murale<br />

per la Chase Manhattan Bank di Pasadena,<br />

California. Mostra personale al Pasadena<br />

Art Museum, trasferita poi al San<br />

<strong>Francis</strong>co Museum of Art e al Seattle Art<br />

Museum.<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> sposa la pittrice Teruko Yokoi;<br />

nasce la loro figlia, Kayo.<br />

1960-1966<br />

Vive e lavora a Berna, in Svizzera, durante<br />

un altro periodo di cure in ospedale.<br />

Divorzia da Teruko Yokoi.<br />

Mostre personali: Kunsthalle, Berna,<br />

trasferita poi al <strong>Moderna</strong> Museet,<br />

Stoccolma; Minami Gallery, Tokyo;<br />

Kornfeld and Klipstein, Berna; Galerie<br />

Benador, Zurigo; Esther Bear Gallery,<br />

Santa Barbara. Partecipa a Documenta III<br />

a Kassel, esponendo i pannelli murali di<br />

Basilea.<br />

Nel 1962, dimesso dall’ospedale, torna in<br />

California, soggiornando dapprima a Santa<br />

Barbara e poi a Santa Monica. Acquista<br />

una proprietà e vi progetta un nuovo<br />

studio al 345 di West Channel Road a<br />

Santa Monica, che diventa la sua dimora<br />

permanente. Mantiene anche lo studio di<br />

Parigi finché non viene demolito nel 1983.<br />

Nel 1966 crea la performance Sky Painting<br />

nella baia di Tokyo.<br />

Sposa Mako Idemitsu e nasce il loro figlio<br />

Osamu.<br />

1967<br />

Mostre personali alla Pierre Matisse<br />

Gallery di New York, al Museum of<br />

Fine Arts di Houston, poi trasferita allo<br />

University Art Museum di Berkeley.<br />

Crea un’altra performance, Snow Painting,<br />

a Naibara, in Giappone.<br />

1968<br />

Riceve una laurea ad honorem dalla<br />

University of California di Berkeley.<br />

Mostre personali: Centre National d’Art<br />

Contemporain, Parigi; Kunsthalle, Basilea;<br />

Minami Gallery, Tokyo.<br />

1969-1972<br />

Nel 1969 nasce il terzo figlio di <strong>Francis</strong>,<br />

Shingo.<br />

Crea tele murali per la Nationalgalerie di<br />

Berlino. Mostre personali: Andre Emmerich<br />

Gallery, New York; Nicholas Wilder Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Los Angeles County Museum<br />

of Art, Los Angeles; Martha Jackson<br />

Gallery, New York; Felix Landau Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles.<br />

Crea The Litho Shop, Inc. per stampare<br />

e distribuire le proprie opere grafiche a<br />

tiratura limitata.<br />

1972-1973<br />

Mostre personali: Albright-Knox Art<br />

Gallery, Buffalo, trasferita poi alla Corcoran<br />

Gallery, Washington; Whitney Museum<br />

of American Art, New York; Museum of<br />

Fine Arts, Dallas; Oakland Museum of<br />

Art, Oakland; University Museum of Art,<br />

Stanford.<br />

1973-1974<br />

Vive e lavora soprattutto a Tokyo. Mostre<br />

personali: Idemitsu Art Museum, Tokyo;<br />

Minami Gallery, Tokyo.<br />

1975-1977<br />

Mostre personali: Nicholas Wilder Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Galerie Jean Fournier, Parigi;<br />

Andre Emmerich Gallery, New York;<br />

Richard Gray Gallery, Chicago; Kornfeld<br />

and Klipstein, Berna; Smith Andersen<br />

Gallery, Palo Alto, California. Inizia una<br />

serie di collaborazioni a monotipi con<br />

Garner Tullis.<br />

85


1977-1978<br />

Mostre personali: Louisiana Museum of<br />

Art, Humlebaek, Danimarca, trasferita poi<br />

al Centre Pompidou, Parigi, Liljevalchs<br />

Konsthall, Stoccolma, e Israel Museum,<br />

Gerusalemme.<br />

1978<br />

Mostre personali: Nicholas Wilder Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Otis Art Institute, Los<br />

Angeles.<br />

1979<br />

Mostra personale all’Institute of<br />

Contemporary Art, Boston, itinerante poi<br />

a Taiwan, Hong Kong, Filippine, Corea<br />

e Giappone a cura dell’ US International<br />

Communication Agency. Altre mostre<br />

personali: Galerie Jean Fournier, Parigi;<br />

Andre Emmerich Gallery, New York;<br />

Brooke Alexander Gallery, New York.<br />

1980<br />

Mostre personali: Abbazia di Senanque,<br />

Gordes, Francia; Los Angeles County<br />

Museum of Art, Los Angeles; Riko Mizuno<br />

Gallery, Los Angeles; James Corcoran<br />

Gallery, Los Angeles; Smith Andersen<br />

Gallery, Palo Alto.<br />

Divorzia da Teruko Idemitsu. È eletto<br />

nel Board of Trustees del Museum<br />

of Contemporary Art di Los Angeles.<br />

1981<br />

Mostre personali: Andre Emmerich<br />

Gallery, New York; Ace Gallery, Los<br />

Angeles; Ruth Schaffner Gallery, Santa<br />

Barbara, California. Allestisce uno<br />

studio temporaneo a San Leandro,<br />

California, per dipingere un murale<br />

per il San <strong>Francis</strong>co Museum of Art.<br />

1982<br />

Mostre personali: Andre Emmerich<br />

Gallery, New York; Nantenshi Gallery,<br />

Tokyo; Richard Gray Gallery, Chicago.<br />

1983<br />

Crea un murale per l’aeroporto di San<br />

<strong>Francis</strong>co. Mostre personali: Andre<br />

Emmerich Gallery, New York; Galerie<br />

Kornfeld, Berna; Smith Andersen Gallery,<br />

Palo Alto; Fondation Maeght, Saint-Paul de<br />

Vence; Studio Marconi, Milano; Colorado<br />

State University, Fort Collins; Galerie Jean<br />

Fournier, Parigi; John Berggruen Gallery,<br />

San <strong>Francis</strong>co; Nantenshi Gallery, Tokyo.<br />

È nominato “Commandeur de l’Ordre des<br />

Arts et des Lettres” dallo Stato francese.<br />

1984<br />

Fonda la Lapis Press. Mostre personali:<br />

Andre Emmerich Gallery, New York;<br />

Cantor-Lemberg Gallery, Birmingham,<br />

Michigan; Robert Elkon Gallery, New<br />

York; Knoedler Gallery, Londra.<br />

1985<br />

Mostre personali: Galerie Kornfeld, Berna;<br />

Galerie Jean Fournier, Parigi; Nantenshi<br />

Gallery, Tokyo; Richard Gray Gallery,<br />

Chicago. Completa il murale per<br />

il San <strong>Francis</strong>co Museum of Art.<br />

Sposa Margaret Smith in Giappone.<br />

1986<br />

Mostre personali: Andre Emmerich<br />

Gallery, New York; Galerie Jean Fournier,<br />

Parigi; Nantenshi Gallery, Tokyo. Gli viene<br />

commissionato un dipinto murale per<br />

il soffitto dell’Opéra Nationale, Théâtre<br />

Royal de la Monnaie, Bruxelles.<br />

Nascita del quarto figlio, Augustus.<br />

Acquista uno studio a Palo Alto, ma tiene<br />

anche lo studio di Santa Monica.<br />

1987<br />

Mostre personali: Knoedler Gallery,<br />

Londra; Andre Emmerich Gallery, New<br />

York; Pamela Auchincloss Gallery, Santa<br />

Barbara; Heland Thorden Wetterling<br />

Galleries, Stoccolma; Manny Silverman<br />

Gallery, Los Angeles; Galerie Pudelko,<br />

Bonn.<br />

1988<br />

Mostre personali: Andre Emmerich<br />

Gallery, New York; Galerie Jean Fournier,<br />

Parigi; Nantenshi Gallery, Tokyo; Smith<br />

Andersen Gallery, Palo Alto; Greenberg<br />

Gallery, St. Louis, Missouri; National<br />

Gallery, Seul; Toyama Museum, Giappone,<br />

itinerante poi a Seibu, Takanawa,<br />

Karuizawa, Shiga, Ohara, Murashiki,<br />

Setagaya, Tokyo.<br />

1989<br />

Mostre personali: Andre Emmerich<br />

Gallery, New York; Galerie Jean Fournier,<br />

Parigi; Bernard Jacobson Gallery, Londra;<br />

Linda Farris Gallery, Seattle; Knoedler<br />

Gallery, Londra. Lavora a Manchester,<br />

in Inghilterra.<br />

1990<br />

Mostre personali: Associated American<br />

Artists, New York; Gallery Delaive ,<br />

Amsterdam; Heland Wetterling Gallery,<br />

Stoccolma; Ogawa Art Foundation, Tokyo;<br />

Talbot Rice Gallery, Edimburgo. Acquista<br />

una proprietà e affitta uno studio nella<br />

California settentrionale, a Pt. Reyes<br />

Station. Continua a tenere gli atelier<br />

di Santa Monica e Venice.<br />

1991<br />

Mostre personali: Galerie Kornfeld, Berna,<br />

Galerie Jean Fournier, Parigi; James<br />

Corcoran Gallery, Los Angeles; Gagosian<br />

Gallery, New York; Centre Regional d’Art<br />

Contemporain Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse<br />

Labège, Francia.<br />

1992<br />

Mostre personali: Galerie Daniel Papierski,<br />

Parigi; Museum van der Togt, Amsterdam;<br />

Kukje Gallery, Seul. Pubblicazione di<br />

The Prints of <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>. A Catalogue<br />

Raisonné a cura di Connie Lembark,<br />

edito da Hudson Hills Press.<br />

1993<br />

Mostre personali: Kunst- und<br />

Ausstellungshalle der Bundesrepublik<br />

Deutschland, Bonn; Galerie Pudelko,<br />

Bonn; Bobbie Greenfield Gallery, Venice;<br />

Michel Cohen Gallery, New York; Ochi<br />

Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho; Manny Silverman<br />

Gallery, Los Angeles; Galerie Iris Wazzau,<br />

Davos; Museum of Contemporary Art,<br />

Los Angeles. Gli viene commissionato<br />

un importante dipinto per il Parlamento<br />

tedesco a Bonn. Dona dieci opere<br />

al Museum of Contemporary Art<br />

di Los Angeles.<br />

1994<br />

Mostre personali: Long Fine Art, New<br />

York; Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam; Bobbie<br />

Greenfield Gallery, Venice; Galerie Jean<br />

Fournier, Parigi; Galerie Proarta, Zurigo;<br />

Andre Emmerich Gallery, New York;<br />

Nantenshi Gallery, Tokyo; Richard Gray<br />

Gallery, Chicago; University Art Museum,<br />

University of California, Berkeley; Galerie<br />

Kornfeld, Berna. Daco-Verlag Günter Bläse<br />

di Stoccarda pubblica un’ampia monografia<br />

sui monotipi di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>. Riceve il<br />

“Distinguished Alumnus Award” dalla<br />

University of California, Berkeley.<br />

L’artista muore a Santa Monica, California.<br />

Dopo la sua morte viene fondata la <strong>Sam</strong>uel<br />

L. <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation, Inc. (conosciuta<br />

anche come <strong>Sam</strong>uel L. <strong>Francis</strong> Art<br />

Museum, Inc. o <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation)<br />

che si occupa non solo dei diritti legali,<br />

ma anche di “studiare, documentare,<br />

proteggere e perpetuare il suo lascito<br />

creativo”. Ogni anno si tengono numerose<br />

mostre di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> in tutto il mondo<br />

(circa un centinaio tra il 1994 e il 2010)<br />

e il suo lavoro continua a riscuotere<br />

grande successo.<br />

Tra le principali mostre personali:<br />

1995<br />

Los Angeles County Museum of Art,<br />

Los Angeles; Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Manny Silverman Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Grunwald/UCLA/Armand<br />

Hammer Museum, Los Angeles;<br />

Kunstverein Ludwigsberg, Francoforte;<br />

Musée du Jeu de Paume, Parigi.<br />

1996<br />

Smith Andersen Gallery, Palo Alto;<br />

Sogetsu Art Museum, Tokyo; Gallery<br />

Delaive , Amsterdam; Gagosian Gallery,<br />

Beverly Hills; Guy Pieters Gallery, Knokke;<br />

86 SAM FRANCIS


Galerie Michael Haas, Berlino; Galerie<br />

Proarta, Zurigo.<br />

1997<br />

Frederick M. Weisman Museum of Art,<br />

Pepperdine University, Malibu, trasferita<br />

poi ampliata alla Fundación Caja de Madrid<br />

in Spagna; Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Manny Silverman Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Museo d’<strong>Arte</strong>, Mendrisio;<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam.<br />

1998<br />

Thomas Segal Gallery, Baltimora; Fundació<br />

Miró, Barcellona; Guy Pieters Gallery,<br />

Knokke; Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam;<br />

Galleria Il Gabbiano, Roma.<br />

1999<br />

Leslie Sacks Fine Art, Los Angeles; Robert<br />

Green Fine Arts, Mill Valley, California;<br />

Galleri Faurschou, Copenaghen; Ikon Ltd.<br />

Contemporary Art, Santa Monica; Manny<br />

Silverman Gallery, Los Angeles; Galerie<br />

Jean Fournier, Parigi; Baukunst Galerie,<br />

Colonia.<br />

2000<br />

Galleri GKM Siwert Bergstrom, Malmö;<br />

Richard Gray Gallery, New York e Chicago;<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam; Lawrence<br />

Rubin Greenberg Van Doren Fine Art, New<br />

York; Galleria Il Gabbiano, Roma; Idemitsu<br />

Museum of Arts, Osaka e Tokyo.<br />

2001<br />

Guy Pieters Gallery, Saint-Paul de Vence;<br />

Alan Cristea Gallery, Londra; Galerie<br />

Proarta, Zurigo; Brian Gross Gallery,<br />

San <strong>Francis</strong>co; Lawing Gallery, Houston.<br />

documentari di <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> vengono<br />

acquisiti dal John Paul Getty Art Museum<br />

Research Institute di Los Angeles.<br />

2006-2007<br />

Kunstmuseum, Bern; Galerie Flintholm,<br />

Verster Skerninge, Danimarca; Robert<br />

Green Gallery, Mill Valley, California;<br />

Galerie Jean Fournier, Parigi; Galerie LC,<br />

Parigi.<br />

2008<br />

Jack Rutberg Fine Arts, Los Angeles;<br />

Galerie Proarta, Zurigo; Galleria San Carlo,<br />

Milano; Galleria Repetto, Acqui Terme.<br />

2009<br />

College of the Canyons Art Gallery,<br />

Santa Clarita, California; American<br />

Contemporary Art Gallery, Monaco di<br />

Baviera; Smith Andersen North, San<br />

Rafael, California; Leslie Sacks Fine Art,<br />

Los Angeles; <strong>Sam</strong>uelis Baumgarte Galerie,<br />

Bielefeld; L&M Arts, New York; Bernard<br />

Jacobson Gallery, Londra; Gallery Delaive,<br />

Amsterdam; Guy Pieters Gallery, Knokke.<br />

2010-2011<br />

Galerie Proarta, Zurigo; Helly Nahmad<br />

Gallery, New York; Danubiana Art<br />

Museum, Bratislava; Coskun Fine Art,<br />

Londra; Galerie Koch, Hannover; Galerie<br />

Jean Fournier, Parigi; Gallery Delaive,<br />

Amsterdam; Galerie Thomas Modern,<br />

Monaco di Baviera; Page Gallery, Seul;<br />

Tibor de Nagy Gallery, New York.<br />

2012<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia<br />

2002-2004<br />

Galerie Pudelko, Bonn; Las Vegas Art<br />

Museum, Las Vegas; Galerie Thomas,<br />

Monaco di Baviera; Galerie Boisserée,<br />

Colonia; Galerie Iris Wazzau, Davos;<br />

Musée d’Art et d’Histoire, Friburgo; Ace<br />

Gallery, Beverly Hills; <strong>Arte</strong>mis Greenberg<br />

Van Doren Gallery, New York; Robert<br />

Green Fine Arts, Mill Valley, California;<br />

Broadbent Gallery / Robert Sandelson<br />

Galleries, Londra; Santa Monica<br />

Community College, Santa Monica;<br />

Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam; Baukunst<br />

Galerie, Colonia; Galerie Thomas, Monaco<br />

di Baviera; American Contemporary<br />

Art Gallery, Monaco di Baviera; Galerie<br />

Proarta, Zurigo. Lo Idemitsu Museum of<br />

Arts di Tokyo organizza una grande mostra<br />

itinerante in sei musei giapponesi.<br />

2004-2005<br />

Grande retrospettiva al Museum Jan<br />

van der Togt di Amstelveen, in Olanda,<br />

in collaborazione con la Gallery Delaive<br />

di Amsterdam. Nel 2005 gli archivi<br />

87


in collaboration with<br />

Debra Burchett-Lere,<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation ©<br />

Biographical Notes<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>, born in 1923 in San Mateo,<br />

California, died in 1994 in Santa Monica,<br />

California.<br />

The artist originally studied psychology and<br />

medicine. Turning to art, he studied painting<br />

under Clyfford Still before going to Paris,<br />

where he stayed from 1948 until 1950, attending<br />

the Académie Léger. In 1952 he had<br />

his first one-man-show in Paris and met exponents<br />

of French informel. Accepted as a<br />

member of the young European avant-garde,<br />

he showed his work at exhibitions in Paris,<br />

London and Bern. The participation in Twelve<br />

Americans, an exhibition mounted in New<br />

York by the Museum of Modern Art in 1956,<br />

made <strong>Francis</strong> well-known in America too.<br />

During this period his style changed from<br />

compositions with the picture surface covered<br />

in monochrome values to brightly coloured<br />

“islands of colour” on white canvases.<br />

His calligraphic handling of brushwork<br />

and the lyrical character of his fluid colour<br />

now linked <strong>Francis</strong> with Far Eastern art,<br />

which he studied intensively. In 1957 he<br />

travelled around the world, visiting India,<br />

Thailand and Japan. His work was shown<br />

at exhibitions in Tokyo and Osaka.<br />

After moving restlessly between Paris,<br />

his home, and other great cities, <strong>Francis</strong><br />

returned to California in 1962, settling at<br />

first in Santa Barbara and then establishing<br />

a studio in Venice, Santa Monica in 1963.<br />

During the 1960s <strong>Francis</strong> developed his<br />

own distinctive style of spontaneous and<br />

gestural dripping. He guided oils, acrylic and<br />

watercolours across his canvases with circling<br />

and spraying movements. In his 1970s<br />

“grid pictures” the surface is covered with<br />

rectangular structures.<br />

<strong>Francis</strong> was not only a distinguished exponent<br />

of action painting. He also explored<br />

media such as lithography, etching and<br />

monotype. His preoccupation with printmaking<br />

led to the production of attractive<br />

experimental work in the early 1980s.<br />

Forcefully expressive compositions in several<br />

parts, some of them with running paint,<br />

are the hallmark of these years. In his final<br />

phase, <strong>Francis</strong> executed commissions for<br />

large-scale murals.<br />

1946-1958<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> paints and studies in San<br />

<strong>Francis</strong>co area, California after plane<br />

crash and illness hospitalizes him for<br />

years. Receives B.A. degree in 1949 and<br />

M.A. degree in 1950 from University of<br />

California, Berkeley. Between 1950 and<br />

1958 he lives and works primarily in Paris,<br />

France, with travels to Mexico, Japan,<br />

Europe, and USA.<br />

1952<br />

First solo exhibition at Galerie Nina<br />

Dausset, Paris.<br />

1955<br />

Solo exhibition at Galerie Rive Droite,<br />

Paris.<br />

1956<br />

Included in Twelve Americans show at the<br />

Museum of Modern Art, New York City.<br />

Solo exhibitions: Galerie Rive Droite, Paris,<br />

France; Zoe Dusanne Gallery, Seattle,<br />

Washington; Martha Jackson Gallery, New<br />

York City; Galerie Ad Libitum, Antwerpen.<br />

Time Magazine describes <strong>Francis</strong> as “the<br />

hottest American painter in Paris these<br />

days”.<br />

1957<br />

He travels to Japan and paints a mural<br />

for the Sogetsu School, Tokyo. Solo<br />

exhibitions at Zoe Dusanne Gallery,<br />

Seattle, Washington, and Gimpel Fils,<br />

London, England.<br />

1959<br />

He rents additional studio in New York<br />

City and begins work on Chase Manhattan<br />

Bank mural, Pasadena, California. Solo<br />

exhibition at Pasadena Art Museum,<br />

travelling to San <strong>Francis</strong>co Museum<br />

of Art and Seattle Art Museum.<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> marries the painter Teruko<br />

Yokoi; birth of their daughter, Kayo.<br />

1960-1966<br />

Lives and works in Bern, Switzerland,<br />

during another period of hospitalization.<br />

He divorces Teruko Yokoi.<br />

Solo exhibitions: Kunsthalle, Bern, travelling<br />

to <strong>Moderna</strong> Museet, Stockholm; Minami<br />

Gallery, Tokyo; Kornfeld and Klipstein,<br />

Bern; Galerie Benador, Zurich; Esther<br />

Bear Gallery, Santa Barbara, California.<br />

Group exhibition at Documenta III, Kassel,<br />

Germany (Basel mural panels are shown).<br />

In 1962, after release from hospital, he<br />

moves back to California, first staying in<br />

Santa Barbara and then Santa Monica. He<br />

purchases property and designs new studio<br />

at 345 West Channel Road, Santa Monica,<br />

which becomes his permanent home base.<br />

He maintains studio in Paris until it is razed<br />

in 1983. In 1966 he creates Sky Painting<br />

performance over Tokyo Bay, Japan.<br />

He marries Mako Idemitsu; birth of their<br />

son Osamu.<br />

1967<br />

Solo exhibitions at Pierre Matisse<br />

Gallery, New York; Museum of Fine Arts,<br />

Houston, Texas, travelling to University<br />

Art Museum, Berkeley, California. Creates<br />

another performance work, Snow Painting,<br />

in Naibara, Japan.<br />

1968<br />

He receives honorary Ph.D. from<br />

University of California, Berkeley.<br />

Solo exhibitions: Centre National d’Art<br />

Contemporain, Paris; Kunsthalle, Basel;<br />

Minami Gallery, Tokyo.<br />

1969-1972<br />

Birth of <strong>Francis</strong>’ third child, Shingo (1969).<br />

He creates mural-sized canvas for the<br />

Nationalgalerie, Berlin. Solo exhibitions:<br />

Andre Emmerich Gallery, New York;<br />

Nicholas Wilder Gallery, Los Angeles;<br />

Los Angeles County Museum of Art,<br />

Los Angeles; Martha Jackson Gallery,<br />

New York; Felix Landau Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles.<br />

Establishes The Litho Shop, Inc. to print<br />

and publish his own limited edition prints.<br />

1972-1973<br />

Solo exhibitions: Albright-Knox Art Gallery,<br />

Buffalo, travelling to Corcoran Gallery,<br />

Washington, D.C.; Whitney Museum<br />

of American Art, New York; Museum<br />

of Fine Arts, Dallas; Oakland Museum<br />

of Art, Oakland; University Museum of Art,<br />

Stanford.<br />

1973-1974<br />

Lives and works primarily in Tokyo. Solo<br />

exhibitions: Idemitsu Art Museum, Tokyo;<br />

Minami Gallery, Tokyo.<br />

1975-1977<br />

Solo exhibitions: Nicholas Wilder Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Galerie Jean Fournier, Paris;<br />

Andre Emmerich Gallery, New York;<br />

Richard Gray Gallery, Chicago; Kornfeld<br />

and Klipstein, Bern; Smith Andersen<br />

Gallery, Palo Alto, California. Begins series<br />

of collaborations on monotypes with<br />

Garner Tullis.<br />

1977-1978<br />

Solo exhibitions: Louisiana Museum<br />

of Art, Humlebaek, Denmark, travelling<br />

to Centre Pompidou, Paris, Liljevalchs<br />

89


Konsthall, Stockholm, and Israel Museum,<br />

Jerusalem.<br />

1978<br />

Solo exhibitions: Nicholas Wilder Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Otis Art Institute, Los Angeles.<br />

1979<br />

Solo exhibition at Institute of<br />

Contemporary Art, Boston,<br />

Massachusetts, travelling to Taiwan,<br />

Hong Kong, Philippines, Korea and Japan<br />

under the US International Communication<br />

Agency. Solo exhibitions: Galerie Jean<br />

Fournier, Paris; Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Brooke Alexander Gallery,<br />

New York.<br />

1980<br />

Solo exhibitions: Abbaye de Senanque,<br />

Gordes, France; Los Angeles County<br />

Museum of Art; Riko Mizuno Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; James Corcoran Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Smith Andersen Gallery,<br />

Palo Alto.<br />

He divorces Teruko Idemitsu. He is<br />

elected to Board of Trustees at Museum<br />

of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles.<br />

1981<br />

Solo exhibitions: Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Ace Gallery, Los Angeles;<br />

Ruth Schaffner Gallery, Santa Barbara,<br />

California. He establishes temporary<br />

painting studio in San Leandro, California,<br />

to paint a mural for the San <strong>Francis</strong>co<br />

Museum of Art.<br />

1982<br />

Solo exhibitions: Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Nantenshi Gallery, Tokyo;<br />

Richard Gray Gallery, Chicago.<br />

1983<br />

Completion of mural for San <strong>Francis</strong>co<br />

Airport. Solo exhibitions: Andre Emmerich<br />

Gallery, New York; Galerie Kornfeld, Bern;<br />

Smith Andersen Gallery, Palo Alto; Fondation<br />

Maeght, Saint-Paul de Vence, France; Studio<br />

Marconi, Milan; Colorado State University,<br />

Fort Collins; Galerie Jean Fournier, Paris;<br />

John Berggruen Gallery, San <strong>Francis</strong>co;<br />

Nantenshi Gallery, Tokyo. He receives<br />

prestigious “Commandeur de l’Ordre<br />

des Arts et des Lettres” from France.<br />

1984<br />

Forms Lapis Press to publish books.<br />

Solo exhibitions: Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Cantor-Lemberg Gallery,<br />

Birmingham, Michigan; Robert Elkon<br />

Gallery, New York; Knoedler Gallery,<br />

London.<br />

1985<br />

Solo exhibitions: Galerie Kornfeld, Bern;<br />

Galerie Jean Fournier, Paris; Nantenshi<br />

Gallery, Tokyo; Richard Gray Gallery,<br />

Chicago. Completion of mural for the<br />

San <strong>Francis</strong>co Museum of Art.<br />

He marries Margaret Smith in Japan.<br />

1986<br />

Solo exhibitions: Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Galerie Jean Fournier, Paris;<br />

Nantenshi Gallery, Tokyo. He receives<br />

commission to paint ceiling mural for<br />

the Opéra Nationale, Théâtre Royal de la<br />

Monnaie, Brussels. Birth of <strong>Francis</strong>’ fourth<br />

child, Augustus. He purchases studio<br />

space in Palo Alto, and maintains working<br />

studios in Santa Monica.<br />

1987<br />

Solo exhibitions at Knoedler Gallery,<br />

London; Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Pamela Auchincloss Gallery,<br />

Santa Barbara, California; Heland Thorden<br />

Wetterling Galleries, Stockholm; Manny<br />

Silverman Gallery, Los Angeles; Galerie<br />

Pudelko, Bonn.<br />

1988<br />

Solo exhibitions: Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Galerie Jean Fournier, Paris;<br />

Nantenshi Gallery, Tokyo; Smith Andersen<br />

Gallery, Palo Alto; Greenberg Gallery, St.<br />

Louis, Missouri; National Gallery, Seoul;<br />

Toyama Museum, Japan, travelling to<br />

Seibu, Takanawa, Karuizawa, Shiga, Ohara,<br />

Murashiki, Tokyo.<br />

1989<br />

Solo exhibitions: Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Galerie Jean Fournier, Paris;<br />

Bernard Jacobson Gallery, London;<br />

Linda Farris Gallery, Seattle; Knoedler<br />

Gallery, London. He works in Manchester,<br />

England.<br />

1990<br />

Solo exhibitions: Associated American<br />

Artists, New York; Gallery Delaive,<br />

Amsterdam; Heland Wetterling Gallery,<br />

Stockholm; Ogawa Art Foundation, Tokyo;<br />

Talbot Rice Gallery, Edinburgh.<br />

He purchases properties and rents studio<br />

in Northern California at Pt. Reyes Station.<br />

Still maintains several working studios in<br />

Santa Monica and Venice, California.<br />

1991<br />

Solo exhibitions: Galerie Kornfeld, Bern;<br />

Galerie Jean Fournier, Paris; James<br />

Corcoran Gallery, Los Angeles; Gagosian<br />

Gallery, New York; Centre Regional d’Art<br />

Contemporain Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse<br />

Labège, France.<br />

1992<br />

Solo exhibitions: Galerie Daniel Papierski,<br />

Paris; Museum van der Togt, Amsterdam;<br />

Kukje Gallery, Seoul. Publication of The<br />

Prints of <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>. A Catalogue<br />

Raisonné edited by Connie Lembark,<br />

published by Hudson Hills Press.<br />

1993<br />

Solo exhibitions: Kunst- und Ausstellungshalle<br />

der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Bonn;<br />

Galerie Pudelko, Bonn; Bobbie Greenfield<br />

Gallery, Venice; Michel Cohen Gallery, New<br />

York; Ochi Gallery, Ketchum, Idaho; Manny<br />

Silverman Gallery, Los Angeles; Galerie<br />

Iris Wazzau, Davos, Switzerland; Museum<br />

of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles. Major<br />

painting is commissioned for the German<br />

Parliament building, Bonn. Donation of ten<br />

paintings to the Museum of Contemporary<br />

Art, Los Angeles.<br />

1994<br />

Solo exhibitions: Long Fine Art, New<br />

York; Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam; Bobbie<br />

Greenfield Gallery, Venice; Galerie Jean<br />

Fournier, Paris; Galerie Proarta, Zurich;<br />

Andre Emmerich Gallery, New York;<br />

Nantenshi Gallery, Tokyo; Richard Gray<br />

Gallery, Chicago; University Art Museum,<br />

University of California, Berkeley; Galerie<br />

Kornfeld, Bern. Daco-Verlag Günter Bläse,<br />

Stuttgart, publishes major monograph<br />

on monotypes. He receives the<br />

“Distinguished Alumnus Award”<br />

from University of California, Berkeley.<br />

<strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong> dies in Santa Monica,<br />

California. In the wake of the artist’s<br />

death, the <strong>Sam</strong>uel L. <strong>Francis</strong> Foundation,<br />

Inc. (also known as the <strong>Sam</strong>uel L. <strong>Francis</strong><br />

Art Museum, Inc. or the <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong><br />

Foundation) was founded. The Foundation<br />

not only serves as his official estate,<br />

but also has a mission “to research,<br />

document, protect and perpetuate the<br />

creative legacy” of the artist. Each year,<br />

many exhibitions of <strong>Sam</strong> <strong>Francis</strong>’s works<br />

are proposed around the world (quite a<br />

hundred between 1994 and 2010) and his<br />

work is going on to get success.<br />

Among his major solo exhibitions:<br />

1995<br />

Los Angeles County Museum of Art,<br />

Los Angeles; Andre Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Manny Silverman Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Grunwald/UCLA/Armand<br />

Hammer Museum, Los Angeles;<br />

Kunstverein Ludwigsberg, Frankfurt;<br />

Musée du Jeu de Paume, Paris.<br />

1996<br />

Smith Andersen Gallery, Palo Alto;<br />

Sogetsu Art Museum, Tokyo; Gallery<br />

Delaive, Amsterdam; Gagosian Gallery,<br />

Beverly Hills; Guy Pieters Gallery, Knokke,<br />

Belgium; Galerie Michael Haas, Berlin;<br />

Galerie Proarta, Zurich.<br />

1997<br />

Frederick M. Weisman Museum of Art,<br />

Pepperdine University, Malibu, travelling<br />

90 SAM FRANCIS


in expanded form to Fundación Caja<br />

de Madrid, Spain; Emmerich Gallery,<br />

New York; Manny Silverman Gallery,<br />

Los Angeles; Museo d’<strong>Arte</strong>, Mendrisio,<br />

Switzerland; Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam.<br />

1998<br />

Thomas Segal Gallery, Baltimore,<br />

Maryland; Fundació Miró, Barcelona; Guy<br />

Pieters Gallery, Knokke; Gallery Delaive,<br />

Amsterdam; Galleria Il Gabbiano, Rome.<br />

1999<br />

Leslie Sacks Fine Art, Los Angeles; Robert<br />

Green Fine Arts, Mill Valley, California;<br />

Galleri Faurschou, Copenhagen; Ikon Ltd.<br />

Contemporary Art, Santa Monica; Manny<br />

Silverman Gallery, Los Angeles; Galerie<br />

Jean Fournier, Paris; Baukunst Galerie,<br />

Cologne.<br />

2000<br />

Galleri GKM Siwert Bergstrom, Malmö;<br />

Richard Gray Gallery, New York and<br />

Chicago; Gallery Delaive, Amsterdam;<br />

Lawrence Rubin Greenberg Van Doren<br />

Fine Art, New York; Galleria Il Gabbiano,<br />

Rome; Idemitsu Museum of Arts, Osaka<br />

and Tokyo.<br />

2001<br />

Galerie Guy Pieters, Saint-Paul de Vence,<br />

France; Alan Cristea Gallery, London;<br />

Galerie Proarta, Zurich; Brian Gross<br />

Gallery, San <strong>Francis</strong>co; Lawing Gallery,<br />

Houston.<br />

2006-2007<br />

Kunstmuseum, Bern; Galerie Flintholm,<br />

Verster Skerninge, Denmark; Robert Green<br />

Gallery, Mill Valley, California; Galerie Jean<br />

Fournier, Paris; Galerie LC, Paris.<br />

2008<br />

Jack Rutberg Fine Arts, Los Angeles;<br />

Galerie Proarta, Zurich; Galleria San Carlo,<br />

Milan; Galleria Repetto, Acqui Terme, Italy.<br />

2009<br />

College of the Canyons Art Gallery,<br />

Santa Clarita, California; American<br />

Contemporary Art Gallery, Munich; Smith<br />

Andersen North, San Rafael, California;<br />

Leslie Sacks Fine Art, Los Angeles;<br />

<strong>Sam</strong>uelis Baumgarte Galerie, Bielefeld,<br />

Germany; L&M Arts, New York; Bernard<br />

Jacobson Gallery, London; Gallery Delaive,<br />

Amsterdam; Guy Pieters Gallery, Knokke.<br />

2010-2011<br />

Galerie Proarta, Zurich; Helly Nahmad<br />

Gallery, New York; Danubiana Art<br />

Museum, Bratislava; Coskun Fine Art,<br />

London; Galerie Koch, Hanover; Galerie<br />

Jean Fournier, Paris; Gallery Delaive,<br />

Amsterdam; Galerie Thomas Modern,<br />

Munich; Page Gallery, Seoul; Tibor<br />

de Nagy Gallery, New York.<br />

2012<br />

Galleria <strong>Agnellini</strong> <strong>Arte</strong> <strong>Moderna</strong>, Brescia<br />

2002-2004<br />

Galerie Pudelko, Bonn; Las Vegas Art<br />

Museum, Las Vegas; Galerie Thomas,<br />

Munich; Galerie Boisserée, Cologne;<br />

Galerie Iris Wazzau, Davos, Switzerland;<br />

Musée d’Art et d’Histoire, Freiburg,<br />

Switzerland; Ace Gallery, Beverly<br />

Hills; <strong>Arte</strong>mis Greenberg Van Doren<br />

Gallery, New York; Robert Green Fine<br />

Arts, Mill Valley, California; Broadbent<br />

Gallery / Robert Sandelson Galleries,<br />

London; Santa Monica Community<br />

College, Santa Monica; Gallery Delaive,<br />

Amsterdam; Baukunst Galerie, Cologne;<br />

Galerie Thomas, Munich; American<br />

Contemporary Art Gallery, Munich;<br />

Galerie Proarta, Zurich. Idemitsu<br />

Museum of Arts, Tokyo, organizes major<br />

exhibition that travels to six museums<br />

in Japan.<br />

Alle pagine seguenti /<br />

Following pages<br />

Untitled (particolare / detail),<br />

1989<br />

Acrilico su carta /<br />

Acrylic on paper<br />

30,5 x 45 cm<br />

SF89-119<br />

2004-2005<br />

Major retrospective exhibition at Museum<br />

Jan van der Togt, Amstelveen, The<br />

Netherlands (organized with Gallery<br />

Delaive, Amsterdam).<br />

In 2005, documentary archives of the<br />

artist’s estate acquired by the John Paul<br />

Getty Art Museum Research Institute,<br />

Los Angeles.<br />

91


Finito di stampare nel mese di aprile 2012<br />

presso Tipografia Camuna S.p.A. - Breno/Brescia<br />

Centro Stampa di Brescia<br />

Pubblicazione stampata con assenza di esalazioni alcooliche<br />

Sistema Cesius ® brevetto Philip Borman Italia

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