bavSvTa asakis mwvave

eceptoruli molekulebis antigenebis eqspresia vlindeba B da T
limfocitebis normaluri ganviTarebis drosac. Tumca, limfoblastebs
aseve SeiZleba qondeT aberentuli genebis eqspresia damaxasiaTebeli
fenotifiT, romelic maT ansxvavebs normaluri ujredebisgan.
imunologiurad mll iyofa sam ZiriTad klasad: B, pre-B da T xazovan
leikemiebad.
1. B ujredovani leikemia mll-is mxolod 3%-s Seadgens da misi
diagnozi damokidebulia blastur ujredebze zedapiruli
imunoglobulinis gamoyofaze; limfoblastebi aseTi fenotipiT
xasiaTdebian L3 morfologiiT. B-ujredovani leikemiis mesame
sadiagnostiko kriteriums warmoadgens Semdegi citogenetikuri
translokaciaebi: t(8;14), t(8;2)an t(2;8). B
2. pre - B ujredovani limfoiduri leikemia - bavSvTa mll-s
daaxloebiT 80% moicavs limfoblastebs pre - B ujredovani
fenotipiT. Ees SemTxvevebi, SesaZloa, identificirebul iqnas B
ujredebis zedapiruli 2 an meti antigeniT. B xazovani leikemia
antigenebis gansxvavebuli eqspresiis mixedviT ganicdis Semdgom
subklasifikacias.ix qvemoT.
3. T ujredovani limfoiduri leikemia - identifikacia xdeba T
ujredovan asocirebuli antigenebiT. T mll aseve ganicdis Semdgom
klasifikacias adreul, Sualedur da mogvianebiT formebad.
mll-s imunologiuri daxasiaTeba, romelic mowodebulia “European group
for immunological characterisation of leukaemia’s” mier ixileT Semdeg cxrilSi:
B cell lineage antigens
pro-B-ALL
Common-ALL
Pra-B-ALL
B-ALL/B-NHL
T cell lneage antigens
pro-T-ALL and pra T-ALL
Mild thymic T-ALL
mature T-ALL
CD19+,CD79α+ and/or CD22+
no more differentiation of b cells
CD10+
Cytoplasm IgM+
Membrane sIg+,or kappa and lambda+
CD3+,TdT+, HLA-DR andCD34-
CD7+;CD2+ and/or CD5+ and/orCD8+
CD1a+
CCD3+, CD1a-,
blasturi ujredebis citogenetikuri da molekuluri diagnozi: mll-is
SemTxvevaTa 90%-Si napovnia specifiuri genetikuri alteraciebi,
romlebic moicavs qromosomebis raodenobriv da struqturul
cvlilebebs. bavSvTa mll–is SemTxvevebis daaxloeiT naxevari moicavs
Seqcevad translokaciebs. standartuli citogenetikuri analizi
rutinulia kariotipis dasadgenad. magram molekuluri teqnologiebi
(FISH, RT-PCR) xdeba aseve saWiro im translokaciebis identifikaciisTvis,
romelTa gamoyofa ver xerxdeba rutinuli kariotipuli analiziT. aseve
maTi saSualebiT SesaZloa iseTi dazianebebis aRmoCena, romlebic
citogenetikurad erTnairad gamoiyureba, magram molekulurad
4