Species list - Conservation Ontario

Southern Ontario 

Vascular Plant Species List 

(Sorted by Scientific Name) 

Based on the 

Ontario Plant List 

(Newmaster et al. 1998) 

David J. Bradley 

Southern Science & Information Section 

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources 

Peterborough, Ontario 

Revised Edition, 2010

Southern Ontario Vascular Plant Species List 

This species checklist has been compiled in order to assist field biologists who are sampling 

vegetative plots in Southern Ontario. It is not intended to be a complete species list for the 

region. The intended range for this vascular plant list is Ecoregions (Site Regions) 5E, 6E and 7E. 

i

Nomenclature 

The nomenclature used for this listing of 2,326 plant species, subspecies and varieties, is in 

accordance with the Ontario Plant List (OPL), 1998. This publication has been used as the 

standard reference for plant names by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources for the past 

decade. 

There have been many nomenclatural innovations in the past several years since the publication 

of the Ontario Plant List that are not fully reflected in this listing. However, the OPL includes a 

listing of many of the synonyms that have been used in the botanical literature. For a more up to 

date listing of scientific plant names visit either of the following web sites: 

Flora of North America - http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspxflora_id=1 

NatureServe - http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServeinit=Species 

PLANTS Database - http://plants.usda.gov/index.html 

For those of you who have utilized the Natural Heritage Information Centre (NHIC) plant species 

list for Ontario, notice that there have been some major rearrangements in the taxonomy. For 

example, most of the Aster species have now been put into the genus Symphyotrichum, with a 

few going into the genus Eurybia. In addition, the Flat-topped White Aster is now classified as 

Doellingeria umbellata. The genus Scirpus has also been split into different genera, with just a 

few remaining species being retained in the original genus. Most of the species originally in 

Scirpus are now described under the genus names of Schoenoplectus, Trichophorum or 

Bolboschoenus. 

With the use of DNA and other chemical analysis, botanical researchers will probably rearrange 

many more species in the near future. 

Since additional plant species have been observed for the first time in the province (after 1998), 

41 new entries have been included in this listing. This has been done to keep the listing more 

compatible with other Ontario plant listings. These include the addition of new species to the 

provincial flora, Swamp Cottonwood (Populus heterophylla), and/or are the result of taxonomic 

splits to existing species. 

Species Code 

For data entry in the field it is more efficient to write down (or enter) an abbreviated code, rather 

than writing out the entire species name. Therefore an abbreviated code has been developed 

that is unique for each species, subspecies and variety listed in this publication. 

A seven digit code has been assembled by using the first four characters of the genus name 

followed by the first 3 characters of the species name. Therefore, White Trillium (Trillium 

grandiflorum) has the 7 digit code of TRILGRA. If there is a subspecies or variety ranking for a 

species, then the first two characters are used from the species name, and the third character is 

the first letter of the subspecies or varietal epithet. Enchanter’s Nightshade (Circaea lutetiana 

ssp. canadensis) has the code CIRCLUC. 

In situations where the 7 digit codes for two separate species are the same, then another 

character is used for the seventh digit of the code. For example, Water Arum (Calla palustris) and 

Common Water Starwort (Callitriche palustris) would both produce the same seven character 

code. In this case the code CALLPLS is used for Water Arum, and CALLPLU is used for the 

Common Water Starwort. Here are some additional examples; 

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Black Maple Acer saccharum ssp. nigrum ACERSAN 

Sugar Maple Acer saccharum ssp. saccharum ACERSAS 

Northern Lady Fern Athyrium filix-femina var. angustum ATHYFIA 

Plantain-leaved Sedge Carex plantaginea CAREPLA 

Broad-leaved Wood Sedge Carex platyphylla CAREPLT 

Slender Wood Sedge Carex gracilescens CAREGRA 

Graceful Sedge Carex gracillima CAREGRM 

SRank 

The Natural Heritage Information Centre uses a ranking system that considers the provincial rank 

of an element as a tool to prioritize protection efforts. The provincial (Sub-national) rank is 

known as the SRANK. These ranks have been assigned using the best available scientific 

information, and follow a systematic ranking procedure developed by The Nature Conservancy 

(U.S.). The ranks are based on three factors: estimated number of occurrences, estimated 

community extent, and estimated range of the community within the province. The provincial 

ranks are summarized below. 

S1 - Extremely rare in Ontario; usually 5 or fewer occurrences in the province, or very 

few remaining hectares 

S2 - Very rare in Ontario; usually between 6 and 20 occurrences in the province, 

or few remaining hectares 

S3 - Rare to uncommon in Ontario; usually between 21 and 80 occurrences in the 

province; may have fewer occurrences, but with some extensive examples 

remaining 

S4 - Considered to be common in Ontario. It denotes that a species is apparently secure, 

with over 80 occurrences in the province 

S5 - Indicates that a species is widespread in Ontario, it is demonstrably secure in the 

province 

These provincial ranks may further be modified. 

S2S3 - Indicates that an element is rare, but insufficient information exists to accurately 

assign a single rank 

SE - 

SH - 

SHB - 

SX - 

SU - 

SRF - 

Indicates exotic introductions to the flora 

Indicates that an element is known historically for the province, but it hasn't 

been verified in the past 20 years. It is not known conclusively to be extirpated 

in Ontario 

Indicates that the species is of a hybrid origin 

Indicates that an element is extirpated from the province 

Indicates that the status is uncertain due to insufficient information 

Is a species that was recorded falsely for the province 

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With the publication of the new Rare Vascular Plant List for Ontario (Oldham, M. and S. Brinker, 

2009) many of the provincial S rankings have also been updated in this version of the list. 

Species such as Pin Oak is now known to be more common in Ontario and has a S4 ranking. 

Some species however are in decline due to fungal diseases. Included in this category are 

Butternut (Juglans cinerea), which was ranked as S4 and is now ranked S3, and American 

Chestnut (Castanea dentata) which has gone from an S3 to a S2 ranking. 

Form Code 

This column describes the general growth form of a plant species. Is it a forb, shrub or tree 

Non vascular plants such as moss, liverwort, hornwort, algae and lichen have general placeholder 

codes which have been included in this listing. In the case of some rock barrens, moss and lichen 

species can be the dominate plant forms, so it is necessary to record a percent cover for these 

larger plant groups. If your organization has someone who has expertise with these non vascular 

plants or lichens, then by all means identify them down to the genus or species level when 

possible. Generally, only one estimated % cover value is recorded for all of the Lichen species 

combined together. 

The following is a listing of the abbreviations used in the table along with a brief explanation of 

what each represents. 

AL Algae colonial filamentous algal species found in aquatic habitats 

FE Fern non-flowering, vascular plant, reproducing by spores 

(includes the fern allies) 

FO Forb herbaceous broad-leaved plant 

GR Grass graminoid plants that have stems with nodes (Poaceae) 

HR Hornwort members of the Anthocerotophyta division of plants 

LC Lichen crustose, foliose and fruticose lichen species 

LV Liverwort members of the Hepaticophyta division of plants 

MO Moss members of the Bryophyta division of plants 

RU Rush graminoid plants with round stems (Juncaceae) 

SE Sedge graminoid plants with angular stems (Cyperaceae) 

SH Shrub plants with erect, reclining or prostrate woody stems (usually 

with more than one stem) 

TR Tree woody perennial plant having a single (1- 3), usually with an 

elongate main stem more than 10 m high 

VI Vine herbaceous plant that trail, cling, or twine, and require 

support to grow vertically 

VW Woody Vine a vine with a perennial woody stem 

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Further Reading and Resources 

Flora of North America north of Mexico: online website 2009 

Flora of North America Editorial Committee 

Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri 

http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspxflora_id=1 

Flora Ontario: online website 2009 

Flora Ontario – Integrated Botanical Information System (FOIBIS), Phase 1, 2005 

University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario 

http://www.uoguelph.ca/foibis/ 

Manual of Grasses for North America: online website 2009 

Utah State University 

Part of the Flora of North America project covering volumes 25, 2003, and vol. 24 which 

was published later in 2007 

http://herbarium.usu.edu/grassmanual/ 

Natural Heritage Information Centre: online website 2009 

Vascular Plant Species List 

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, Ontario 

http://nhic.mnr.gov.on.ca/nhic_.cfm 

Nature Conservancy Canada: online website 2009 

R.R. #5, 5420 Highway 6 North, Guelph, Ontario 

http://www.natureconservancy.ca/site/PageServerpagename=ncc_main 

NatureServe Explorer: online website 2009 

National Biological Information Infrastructure, U. S. Geological Survey 

Arlington, Virginia 

http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServeinit=Species 

Newmaster, S. G., A. Lehela, Peter W. C. Uhlig, Sean McMurray and Michael J. Oldham. 1998 

Ontario Plant List 

Forest Research Information Paper No. 123, Ontario Forest Research Institute 

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario 

Oldham, Michael J. and Sam R. Brinker. 2009 

Rare Vascular Plants of Ontario. 4 th edition 

Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ministry of Natural Resources, Peterborough, 

Ontario 

PLANTS Database 2009 

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service 

http://plants.usda.gov/adv_search.html 

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Scientific Name Common Name Code S Rank Form 

Abies balsamea Balsam Fir ABIEBAL S5 TR 

Abutilon theophrasti Velvetleaf ABUTTHE SE5 FO 

Acalypha virginica var. rhomboidea Three-seeded Mercury ACALVIR S5 FO 

Acer ginnala Amur Maple ACERGIN SE1 SH 

Acer negundo Manitoba Maple ACERNEG S5 TR 

Acer pensylvanicum Striped Maple ACERPEN S5 SH 

Acer platanoides Norway Maple ACERPLA SE5 TR 

Acer rubrum Red Maple ACERRUB S5 TR 

Acer saccharinum Silver Maple ACERSCR S5 TR 

Acer saccharum ssp. nigrum Black Maple ACERSAN S4 TR 

Acer saccharum ssp. saccharum Sugar Maple ACERSAS S5 TR 

Acer sp Maple Species ACER-SP TR 

Acer spicatum Mountain Maple ACERSPI S5 SH 

Acer X freemanii Freeman's Maple ACERFRE SHB4 TR 

Achillea millefolium ssp. lanulosa Woolly Yarrow ACHIMIL S5 FO 

Achillea millefolium ssp. millefolium Common Yarrow ACHIMIM SE FO 

Achillea ptarmica Sneezewort ACHIPTA SE2 FO 

Achillea sp Yarrow Species ACHI-SP FO 

Acinos arvensis Mother-of-thyme ACINARV SE5 FO 

Acorus americanus Sweetflag ACORAME S4 FO 

Acorus calamus Calamus ACORCAL SE1 FO 

Actaea pachypoda White Baneberry ACTAPAC S5 FO 

Actaea rubra Red Baneberry ACTARUB S5 FO 

Actaea sp Baneberry Species ACTA-SP FO 

Actaea X ludovici i HbidB Hybrid Baneberry ACTALUD SHB1 FO 

Adenocaulon bicolor Trail-plant ADENBIC S1 FO 

Adiantum pedatum Northern Maidenhair Fern ADIAPED S5 FE 

Adlumia fungosa Allegheny Vine ADLUFUN S4 VI 

Aegopodium podagraria Goutweed AEGOPOD SE5 FO 

Aesculus glabra Ohio Buckeye AESCGLG S1 TR 

Aesculus hippocastanum Horse Chestnut AESCHIP SE2 TR 

Aesculus sp Buckeye Species AESC-SP TR 

Aethusa cynapium Fool's Parsley AETHCYN SE1 FO 

Agalinis gattingeri Round-stem False Foxglove AGALGAT S2 FO 

Agalinis paupercula var. paupercula Small-flowered False Foxglove AGALPAP S4S5 FO 

Agalinis purpurea Purple False Foxglove AGALPUR S1 FO 

Agalinis skinneriana Pale False Foxglove AGALSKI S1 FO 

Agalinis tenuifolia var. parviflora Slender False Foxglove AGALTEP S4S5 FO 

Agastache foeniculum Blue Giant Hyssop AGASFOE S4 FO 

Agastache nepetoides Yellow Giant Hyssop AGASNEP S4 FO 

Agastache scropuhlariifolia Purple Giant-hyssop AGASSCR S1 FO 

Agrimonia gryposepala Tall Agrimony AGRIGRY S5 FO 

Agrimonia parviflora Small-flowered Agrimony AGRIPAR S4 FO 

Agrimonia pubescens Soft Agrimony AGRIPUB S4 FO 

Agrimonia sp Agrimony Species AGRI-SP FO 

Agropyron cristatum ssp. pectinatum Crested Wheat Grass AGROCRP SE2 GR 

Agrostemma githago Purple Cockle AGROGIT SE3 FO 

Agrostis capillaris Colonial Bent Grass AGROCAP SE2 GR 

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Agrostis gigantea Redtop Grass AGROGIG SE5 GR 

Agrostis hyemalis Tickle Grass AGROHYE S1 GR 

Agrostis perennans Autumn Bent Grass AGROPER S5 GR 

Agrostis scabra Rough Hair Grass AGROSCA S5 GR 

Agrostis sp Bent Grass Species AGRO-SP GR 

Agrostis stolonifera Creeping Bent Grass AGROSTO S5 GR 

Ailanthus altissima Tree-of-heaven AILAALT SE5 TR 

Ajuga genevensis Erect Bugle AJUGGEN SE1 FO 

Ajuga reptans Common Bugle AJUGREP SE2 FO 

Alcea rosea Hollyhock ALCEROS SE4 FO 

Aletris farinosa Colicroot ALETFAR S2 FO 

Algae sp Algae Species ALGA-SP AL 

Alisma gramineum Narrow-leaved Water-plantain ALISGRA S4 FO 

Alisma plantago-aquatica Common Water-plantain ALISPLA S4 FO 

Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard ALLIPET SE5 FO 

Allium burdickii Norrow-leaved Wild Leek ALLIBUR S1 FO 

Allium canadense var. canadense Wild Garlic ALLICAC S5 FO 

Allium cernuum Nodding Wild Onion ALLICER S2 FO 

Allium sativum Garlic ALLISAT SE2 FO 

Allium schoenoprasum var. schoenoprasum European Chives ALLISCC SE2 FO 

Allium schoenoprasum var. sibiricum Wild Chives ALLISCS S4 FO 

Allium sp Onion Species ALLI-SP FO 

Allium tricoccum Wild Leek ALLITRI S5 FO 

Allium vineale ssp. vineale Field Garlic ALLIVIV SE2 FO 

Alnus glutinosa Black Alder ALNUGLU SE4 SH 

Alnus incana ssp. rugosa Speckled Alder ALNUINR S5 SH 

Alnus sp Alder Species ALNU-SP SH 

Alnus viridis ssp. crispa Green Alder ALNUVIC S5 SH 

Alopecurus aequalis Short-awned Foxtail ALOPAEQ S4S5 GR 

Alopecurus geniculatus Water Foxtail ALOPGEN SE3 GR 

Alopecurus pratensis Meadow Foxtail ALOPPRA SE5 GR 

Althaea officinalis Marsh Mallow ALTHOFF SE1 FO 

Alyssum alyssoides Pale Alyssum ALYSALY SE5 FO 

Alyssum murale Rock Alyssum ALYSMUR SE1 FO 

Amaranthus albus Tumble Pigweed AMARALB SE5 FO 

Amaranthus blitoides Prostrate Pigweed AMARBLI SE4 FO 

Amaranthus hybridus Smooth Pigweed AMARHYB SE5 FO 

Amaranthus powellii Green Pigweed AMARPOW SE5 FO 

Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot Pigweed AMARRET SE5 FO 

Amaranthus sp Pigweed Species AMAR-SP FO 

Amaranthus tuberculatus Water-hemp AMARTUB S4 FO 

Ambrosia artemisiifolia Common Ragweed AMBRART S5 FO 

Ambrosia psilostachya Perennial Ragweed AMBRPSI S4 FO 

Ambrosia sp Ragweed Species AMBR-SP FO 

Ambrosia trifida Giant Ragweed AMBRTRI S5 FO 

Amelanchier alnifolia Saskatoon Berry AMELALN S4 SH 

Amelanchier arborea Downy Serviceberry AMELARB S5 SH 

Amelanchier laevis Smooth Serviceberry AMELLAE S5 SH 

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Amelanchier sanguinea Round-leaved Serviceberry AMELSAN S5 SH 

Amelanchier sp Serviceberry Species AMEL-SP SH 

Amelanchier stolonifera Low Serviceberry AMELSTO S4 SH 

Amerorchis rotundifolia Round-leaved Orchis AMERROT S4S5 FO 

Ammannia robusta Scarlet Ammannia AMMAROB S1 FO 

Ammophila breviligulata Beach Grass AMMOBRE S4 GR 

Amorpha fruticosa False-indigo AMORFRU SE1 SH 

Amphicarpaea bracteata Hog Peanut AMPHBRA S5 VI 

Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel ANAGARV SE4 FO 

Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly Everlasting ANAPMAR S5 FO 

Andromeda polifolia ssp. glaucophylla Bog Rosemary ANDRPOG S5 SH 

Andropogon gerardii Big Bluestem ANDRGER S4 GR 

Andropogon virginicus Broom-sedge ANDRVIR S4 GR 

Anemone acutiloba Sharp-lobed Hepatica ANEMACU S5 FO 

Anemone americana Round-lobed Hepatica ANEMAME S5 FO 

Anemone canadensis Canada Anemone ANEMCAN S5 FO 

Anemone cylindrica Long-headed Anemone ANEMCYL S4 FO 

Anemone multifida Cut-leaved Anemone ANEMMUL S5 FO 

Anemone quinquefolia Wood Anemone ANEMQUI S5 FO 

Anemone sp Anemone Species ANEM-SP FO 

Anemone virginiana var. alba White Thimbleweed ANEMVIA SU FO 

Anemone virginiana var. virginiana Thimbleweed ANEMVIV S5 FO 

Anethum graveolens Dill ANETGRA SE1 FO 

Angelica atropurpurea Purple-stem Angelica ANGEATR S5 FO 

Antennaria howellii ssp. canadensis Canada Pussytoes ANTEHOC SU FO 

Antennaria howellii ssp. neodioica Small Pussytoes ANTEHON SU FO 

Antennaria howellii ssp. petaloidea Sessile-leaved Pussytoes ANTEHOP SU FO 

Antennaria neglecta Field Pussytoes ANTENEG S5 FO 

Antennaria parlinii ssp. fallax Hairy Pussytoes ANTEPAF SU FO 

Antennaria parlinii ssp. parlinii Smooth Pussytoes ANTEPAP SU FO 

Antennaria sp Pussytoes Species ANTE-SP FO 

Anthemis arvensis Corn Chamomile ANTHARV SE5 FO 

Anthemis cotula Stinking Chamomile ANTHCOT SE5 FO 

Anthemis tinctoria Yellow Chamomile ANTHTIN SE1 FO 

Anthoxanthum odoratum ssp. odoratum Sweet Vernal Grass ANTHODO SE4 GR 

Anthriscus sylvestris Wild Chervil ANTHSYL SE4 FO 

Anthyllis vulneraria Kidney Vetch ANTHVUL SE1 FO 

Apera interrupta Interrupted Windgrass APERINT SE2 GR 

Apera spica-venti Windlestraw APERSPI SE3 GR 

Apios americana Groundnut APIOAME S5 VI 

Aplectrum hyemale Putty-root APLEHYE S2 FO 

Apocynum androsaemifolium ssp. androsaemifolium Spreading Dogbane APOCANA S5 FO 

Apocynum cannabinum Indian Hemp APOCCAN S5 FO 

Apocynum sp Dogbane Species APOC-SP FO 

Aquilegia canadensis Wild Columbine AQUICAN S5 FO 

Aquilegia vulgaris Garden Columbine AQUIVUL SE3 FO 

Arabidopsis thaliana Wall Cress ARABTHA SE5 FO 

Arabis canadensis Sicklepod ARABCAN S4 FO 

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Arabis divaricarpa var. divaricarpa Purple Rock Cress ARABDIL S5 FO 

Arabis drummondii Drummond's Rock Cress ARABDRU S4 FO 

Arabis glabra Tower Mustard ARABGLA S5 FO 

Arabis hirsuta var. adpressipilis Flat-hair Rock Cress ARABHIA S1 FO 

Arabis hirsuta var. pycnocarpa Hairy Rock Cress ARABHIP S5 FO 

Arabis laevigata Smooth Rock Cress ARABLAE S5 FO 

Arabis lyrata Lyre-leaved Rock Cress ARABLYR S4 FO 

Arabis shortii Toothed Rock Cress ARABSHO S2 FO 

Arabis sp Rock Cress Species ARAB-SP FO 

Aralia hispida Bristly Sarsaparilla ARALHIS S5 SH 

Aralia nudicaulis Wild Sarsaparilla ARALNUD S5 FO 

Aralia racemosa ssp. racemosa Spikenard ARALRAR S5 FO 

Aralia sp Sarsaparilla Species ARAL-SP FO 

Arceuthobium pusillum Dwarf Mistletoe ARCEPUS S5 FO 

Arctium lappa Great Burdock ARCTLAP SE5 FO 

Arctium minus ssp. minus Common Burdock ARCTMIM SE5 FO 

Arctium minus ssp. nemorosum Woodland Burdock ARCTMIN SE1 FO 

Arctium sp Burdock Species ARCT-SP FO 

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry ARCTUVA S5 SH 

Arenaria serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Sandwort ARENSER SE5 FO 

Arethusa bulbosa Dragon's Mouth ARETBUL S4 FO 

Argemone mexicana Mexican Prickly Poppy ARGEMEX SE1 FO 

Arisaema dracontium Green Dragon ARISDRA S3 FO 

Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum Jack-in-the-pulpit ARISTRT S5 FO 

Ai Aristida basiramea Forked Three-awned Grass ARISBAS S2 GR 

Aristida dichotoma Churchmouse Three-awned Grass ARISDIC S1 GR 

Aristida longespica var. geniculata Long-spiked Three-awn Grass ARISLOG S2 GR 

Aristida longespica var. longespica Slim-spiked Three-awn Grass ARISLON S2 GR 

Aristida oligantha Prairie Three-awn Grass ARISOLI SE2 GR 

Aristida purpurascens var. purpurascens Arrow-feather Three-awn Grass ARISPUP S1 GR 

Aristida sp Three-awn Grass Species ARIS-SP GR 

Aristolochia clematitis Birthwort ARISCLE SE1 VI 

Aristolochia macrophylla Dutchman's-pipe ARISMAC SE1 VI 

Armoracia lacustris Lake Cress ARMOLAC S3 FO 

Armoracia rusticana Horseradish ARMORUS SE4 FO 

Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry ARONMEL S5 SH 

Arrhenatherum elatius Tall Oat Grass ARRHELA SE4 GR 

Artemisia abrotanum Southern Wormwood ARTEABR SE1 FO 

Artemisia absinthium Common Wormwood ARTEABS SE3 FO 

Artemisia annua Sweet Wormwood ARTEANN SE1 FO 

Artemisia biennis Biennial Wormwood ARTEBIE SE5 FO 

Artemisia campestris ssp. borealis Boreal Wormwood ARTECAB S4 FO 

Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata Sagewort Wormwood ARTECAC S4S5 FO 

Artemisia frigida Prairie Wormwood ARTEFRI S3 FO 

Artemisia ludoviciana Dark-leaved Mugwort ARTELUD S4 FO 

Artemisia pontica Roman Wormwood ARTEPON SE2 FO 

Artemisia sp Wormwood Species ARTE-SP FO 

Artemisia stelleriana Beach Wormwood ARTESTE SE1 FO 

4



Artemisia vulgaris Common Mugwort ARTEVUL SE5 FO 

Aruncus dioicus Bride's Feather ARUNDIO SE1 FO 

Asarum canadense Wild Ginger ASARCAN S5 FO 

Asclepias exaltata Poke Milkweed ASCLEXA S4 FO 

Asclepias hirtella Tall Green Milkweed ASCLHIR S1 FO 

Asclepias incarnata ssp. incarnata Swamp Milkweed ASCLINI S5 FO 

Asclepias purpurascens Purple Milkweed ASCLPUR S2 FO 

Asclepias quadrifolia Four-leaved Milkweed ASCLQUA S1 FO 

Asclepias sp Milkweed Species ASCL-SP FO 

Asclepias sullivantii Prairie Milkweed ASCLSUL S3 FO 

Asclepias syriaca Common Milkweed ASCLSYR S5 FO 

Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly Weed ASCLTUB S4 FO 

Asclepias verticillata Whorled Milkweed ASCLVER S4 FO 

Asclepias viridiflora Green Milkweed ASCLVIR S2 FO 

Asimina triloba Pawpaw ASIMTRI S3 SH 

Asparagus officinalis Asparagus ASPAOFF SE5 FO 

Asplenium platyneuron Ebony Spleenwort ASPLPLA S4 FE 

Asplenium rhizophyllum Walking Fern ASPLRHI S4 FE 

Asplenium ruta-muraria Wall Rue ASPLRUT S2 FE 

Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum Hart's-tongue Fern ASPLSCA S3 FE 

Asplenium sp Spleenwort Species ASPL-SP FE 

Asplenium trichomanes ssp. quadrivalens Calcic Maidenhair Spleenwort ASPLTRQ S5 FE 

Asplenium trichomanes ssp. trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort ASPLTRT SU FE 

Asplenium trichomanes-ramosum Green Spleenwort ASPLTRI S4 FE 

Aster acuminatus Whorled Wood Aster ASTEACU S4 FO 

Aster borealis Rush Aster ASTEBOR S5 FO 

Aster brachyactis Rayless Annual Aster ASTEBRA S4 FO 

Aster ciliolatus Ciliolate Aster ASTECIL S5 FO 

Aster cordifolius Heart-leaved Aster ASTECOR S5 FO 

Aster divaricatus White Wood Aster ASTEDIV S2 FO 

Aster dumosus var. strictior Bushy Aster ASTEDUS S2 FO 

Aster ericoides var. ericoides Heath Aster ASTEERE S5 FO 

Aster laevis var. laevis Smooth Aster ASTELAL S5 FO 

Aster lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus Panicled Aster ASTELAN S5 FO 

Aster lateriflorus var. hirsuticaulis Calico Aster ASTELAU S4 FO 

Aster lateriflorus var. lateriflorus One-sided Aster ASTELAF S5 FO 

Aster macrophyllus Large-leaved Aster ASTEMAC S5 FO 

Aster nemoralis Bog Aster ASTENEM S5 FO 

Aster novae-angliae New England Aster ASTENOV S5 FO 

Aster ontarionis var. ontarionis Ontario Aster ASTEONO S4 FO 

Aster oolentangiensis Azure Aster ASTEOOL S4 FO 

Aster pilosus var. pilosus Hairy Aster ASTEPIP S5 FO 

Aster pilosus var. pringlei Pringle's Aster ASTEPIR S4 FO 

Aster praealtus var. praealtus Willow Aster ASTEPRP S2 FO 

Aster prenanthoides Crooked-stem Aster ASTEPRE S2 FO 

Aster puniceus var. firmus Swamp Aster ASTEPUF SU FO 

Aster puniceus var. puniceus Purple-stem Aster ASTEPUP S5 FO 

Aster schreberi Schreber's Aster ASTESCH S2S3 FO 

5



Aster shortii Short's Aster ASTESHO S4 FO 

Aster sp Aster Species ASTE-SP FO 

Aster subulatus var. subulatus Salt-marsh Aster ASTESUS SE2 FO 

Aster umbellatus var. umbellatus Flat-topped White Aster ASTEUMU S5 FO 

Aster urophyllus Arrow-leaved Aster ASTEURO S4 FO 

Aster X amethystinus Amethyst Aster ASTEAMT SHB3 FO 

Astragalus canadensis Canada Milkvetch ASTRCAN S4 FO 

Astragalus cicer Cicer Milkvetch ASTRCIC SE1 FO 

Astragalus glycophyllos Sweet-leaved Milkvetch ASTRGLY SE1 FO 

Astragalus neglectus Cooper's Milkvetch ASTRNEG S3 FO 

Astragalus sp Milkvetch Species ASTR-SP FO 

Athyrium filix-femina var. angustum Northern Lady Fern ATHYFIA S5 FE 

Atriplex hortensis Garden Orache ATRIHOR SE1 FO 

Atriplex patula Spearscale ATRIPAT S5 FO 

Atriplex rosea Red Orache ATRIROS SE1 FO 

Atriplex sp Orach Species ATRP-SP FO 

Aureolaria flava Smooth False Foxglove AUREFLA S2 FO 

Aureolaria pedicularia Cut-leaved False Foxglove AUREPED S2 FO 

Aureolaria virginica Downy False Foxglove AUREVIR S1 FO 

Aurinia saxatilis Goldentuft AURISAX SE1 FO 

Avena fatua Wild Oats AVENFAT SE3 GR 

Avena sativa Cultivated Oats AVENSAT SE3 GR 

Azolla caroliniana Mosquito Fern AZOLCAR S1 FE 

Baptisia tinctoria Yellow Indigo BAPTTIN S2 FO 

Barbarea orthoceras Northern Wintercress BARBORT S4 FO 

Barbarea vulgaris Common Wintercress BARBVUL SE5 FO 

Bartonia paniculata Branched Bartonia BARTPAN S1 FO 

Bartonia virginica Yellow Bartonia BARTVIR S2 FO 

Beckmannia syzigachne American Slough Grass BECKSYZ S4 GR 

Bellis perennis English Daisy BELLPER SE5 FO 

Berberis sp Barberry Species BERB-SP SH 

Berberis thunbergii Japanese Barberry BERBTHU SE5 SH 

Berberis vulgaris Common Barberry BERBVUL SE5 SH 

Berteroa incana Hoary Alyssum BERTINC SE5 FO 

Betula alleghaniensis Yellow Birch BETUALL S5 TR 

Betula lenta Cherry Birch BETULEN S1 TR 

Betula papyrifera White Birch BETUPAP S5 TR 

Betula pendula European White Birch BETUPEN SE4 TR 

Betula populifolia Gray Birch BETUPOP S5 TR 

Betula pubescens ssp. pubescens Downy Birch BETUPUP SE1 TR 

Betula pumila Dwarf Birch BETUPUM S5 SH 

Betula sp Birch Species BETU-SP TR 

Bidens aristosa Bearded Beggar-ticks BIDEARI SE1 FO 

Bidens cernua Nodding Beggar-ticks BIDECER S5 FO 

Bidens coronata Tall Swamp Beggar-ticks BIDECOR S2 FO 

Bidens discoidea Small Beggar-ticks BIDEDIS S4 FO 

Bidens frondosa Devil's Beggar-ticks BIDEFRO S5 FO 

Bidens sp Beggar-ticks Species BIDE-SP FO 

6



Bidens tripartita Three-lobed Beggar-ticks BIDETRI S5 FO 

Bidens vulgata Tall Beggar-ticks BIDEVUL S5 FO 

Blephilia ciliata Downy Wood Mint BLEPCIL S1 FO 

Blephilia hirsuta Hairy Wood Mint BLEPHIR S1 FO 

Boehmeria cylindrica False Nettle BOEHCYL S5 FO 

Borago officinalis Borage BORAOFF SE1 FO 

Botrychium dissectum Cut-leaved Grape Fern BOTRDIS S5 FE 

Botrychium hesperium Western Grape Fern BOTRHES S1 FE 

Botrychium lanceolatum ssp. angustisegmentum Lance-leaved Grape Fern BOTRLAA S3 FE 

Botrychium matricariifolium Daisy-leaved Grape Fern BOTRMAT S4S5 FE 

Botrychium minganense Mingan Grape Fern BOTRMIN S4 FE 

Botrychium multifidum Leathery Grape Fern BOTRMUL S5 FE 

Botrychium oneidense Blunt-lobed Grape Fern BOTRONE S3 FE 

Botrychium rugulosum St. Lawrence Grape Fern BOTRRUG S2 FE 

Botrychium simplex Least Grape Fern BOTRSIM S4 FE 

Botrychium sp Grape Fern Species BOTR-SP FE 

Botrychium virginianum Rattlesnake Fern BOTRVIR S5 FE 

Bouteloua curtipendula Side-oats Grama BOUTCUR S2 GR 

Brachyelytrum erectum var. erectum Long-awned Wood Grass BRACERE S4 GR 

Brachyelytrum erectum var. glabratum Northern Long-awned Wood Grass BRACERG S4S5 GR 

Brasenia schreberi Water-shield BRASSCH S5 FO 

Brassica juncea Indian Mustard BRASJUN SE5 FO 

Brassica napus Rape BRASNAP SE1 FO 

Brassica nigra Black Mustard BRASNIG SE5 FO 

Brassica rapa Wild Turnip BRASRAP SE5 FO 

Brassica sp Mustard Species BRAS-SP FO 

Briza media Small Quaking Grass BRIZMED SE1 GR 

Bromus briziformis Rattlesnake Chess BROMBRI SE1 GR 

Bromus ciliatus Fringed Brome BROMCIL S5 GR 

Bromus commutatus Hairy Chess BROMCOM SE4 GR 

Bromus erectus Upright Brome BROMERE SE1 GR 

Bromus inermis ssp. inermis Smooth Brome BROMINI SE5 GR 

Bromus japonicus Japanese Chess BROMJAP SE4 GR 

Bromus kalmii Prairie Brome BROMKAL S4 GR 

Bromus latiglumis Tall Brome BROMLAT S4 GR 

Bromus nottowayanus Nottoway Brome BROMNOT S1S2 GR 

Bromus pubescens Canada Brome BROMPUB S4 GR 

Bromus secalinus ssp. secalinus Chess BROMSES SE4 GR 

Bromus sp Brome Species BROM-SP GR 

Bromus squarrosus Rough Brome BROMSQU SE2 GR 

Bromus sterilis Barren Brome BROMSTE SE1 GR 

Bromus tectorum Downy Chess BROMTEC SE5 GR 

Bromus X pseudothominii Hybrid Soft Brome BROMPSE SHBE2 GR 

Buchnera americana Blue-hearts BUCHAME S1 FO 

Buglossoides arvensis Corn Gromwell BUGLARV SE5 FO 

Bulbostylis capillaris ssp. capillaris Hair-like Bulbostylis BULBCAC S4 SE 

Butomus umbellatus Flowering-rush BUTOUMB SE5 FO 

Cacalia plantaginea Tuberous Indian-plantain CACAPLA S3 FO 

7



Cakile edentula Sea-rocket CAKIEDE S4 FO 

Calamagrostis canadensis Canada Blue-joint CALACAN S5 GR 

Calamagrostis epigejos Feathertop CALAEPI SE2 GR 

Calamagrostis sp Reed Grass Species CALA-SP GR 

Calamagrostis stricta ssp. inexpansa Narrow Reed Grass CALASTI S5 GR 

Calamintha arkansana Wild Savoury CALAARK S4S5 FO 

Calamovilfa longifolia var. magna Sand Reed CALALOM S3 GR 

Calendula officinalis Pot-marigold CALEOFF SE1 FO 

Calla palustris Water Arum CALLPLS S5 FO 

Callitriche hermaphroditica Autumn Water Starwort CALLHER S5 FO 

Callitriche heterophylla ssp. heterophylla Larger Water Starwort CALLHEH S2 FO 

Callitriche palustris Common Water Starwort CALLPLU S5 FO 

Callitriche sp Water Starwort Species CALH-SP FO 

Calopogon tuberosus Grass Pink CALOTUB S4S5 FO 

Caltha palustris Marsh Marigold CALTPAL S5 FO 

Calypso bulbosa Calypso CALYBUL S4S5 FO 

Calystegia sepium ssp. angulata Hedge Bindweed CALYSEG S5 FO 

Calystegia sp Bindweed Species CALS-SP FO 

Calystegia spithamaea ssp. spithamaea Low Bindweed CALYSPS S4S5 FO 

Camassia scilloides Wild Hyacinth CAMASCI S2 FO 

Camelina microcarpa Small-fruited False Flax CAMEMIC SE5 FO 

Camelina sativa Gold-of-pleasure CAMESAT SE3 FO 

Campanula americana Tall Bellflower CAMPAME S4 FO 

Campanula aparinoides Marsh Bellflower CAMPAPA S5 FO 

Campanula medium Canterbury-bells b CAMPMED SE1 FO 

Campanula rapunculoides European Bellflower CAMPRAP SE5 FO 

Campanula rotundifolia Harebell CAMPROT S5 FO 

Campanula sp Bellfower Species CAMP-SP FO 

Campanula trachelium Nettle-leaved Bellflower CAMPTRA SE1 FO 

Campsis radicans Trumpet Creeper CAMPRAD S2 VW 

Cannabis sativa Marijuana CANNSAT SE1 FO 

Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's Purse CAPSBUR SE5 FO 

Caragana arborescens Siberian Pea Tree CARAARB SE1 SH 

Cardamine bulbosa White Spring Cress CARDBUL S4 FO 

Cardamine concatenata Cut-leaved Toothwort CARDCON S5 FO 

Cardamine diphylla Broad-leaved Toothwort CARDDIP S5 FO 

Cardamine douglassii Pink Spring Cress CARDDOU S4 FO 

Cardamine flexuosa Bitter Cress CARDFLE SE1 FO 

Cardamine hirsuta Hairy Bitter Cress CARDHIR SE3 FO 

Cardamine impatiens Cardamine CARDIMP SE1 FO 

Cardamine parviflora Small-flowered Bitter Cress CARDPAR S5 FO 

Cardamine pensylvanica Pennsylvania Bitter Cress CARDPEN S5 FO 

Cardamine pratensis ssp. pratensis Cuckoo-flower CARDPRA S5 FO 

Cardamine sp Bitter Cress Species CARD-SP FO 

Cardamine X maxima Large Toothwort CARDMAX SHB3 FO 

Cardaria draba ssp. draba Whitlow Pepperwort CARDDRD SE2 FO 

Carduus acanthoides Spiny Plumeless Thistle CARDACA SE5 FO 

Carduus crispus Curled Thistle CARDCRI SE FO 

8



Carduus nutans ssp. leiophyllus Nodding Thistle CARDNUL SE5 FO 

Carduus sp Plumeless Thistle Species CARU-SP FO 

Carex aggregata Crowded Sedge CAREAGG S1 SE 

Carex alata Broad-winged Sedge CAREALA S1 SE 

Carex albicans var. albicans Blunt-scaled Oak Sedge CAREALB S3 SE 

Carex albicans var. emmonsii Sharp-scaled Oak Sedge CAREALE S2 SE 

Carex albursina Blunt-scaled Wood Sedge CAREALU S5 SE 

Carex alopecoidea Brown-headed Fox Sedge CAREALO S5 SE 

Carex amphibola var. amphibola Gray Sedge CAREAMA S2 SE 

Carex amphibola var. turgida Wood Gray Sedge CAREAMT S4 SE 

Carex annectens Yellow-fruited Fox Sedge CAREANA S2 SE 

Carex annectens var. xanthocarpa Small Yellow Fox Sedge CAREANX S2 SE 

Carex appalachica Appalachian Sedge CAREAPP S2S3 SE 

Carex aquatilis Water Sedge CAREAQU S5 SE 

Carex arctata Drooping Wood Sedge CAREART S5 SE 

Carex argyrantha Silvery-flowered Sedge CAREARG S2 SE 

Carex atherodes Hairy-leaved Lake Sedge CAREATH S4S5 SE 

Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea Atlantic Star Sedge CAREATL S1 SE 

Carex aurea Golden-fruited Sedge CAREAUR S5 SE 

Carex backii Back's Sedge CAREBAC S4S5 SE 

Carex bebbii Bebb's Sedge CAREBEB S5 SE 

Carex bicknellii Copper-shouldered Sedge CAREBIC S2 SE 

Carex blanda Common Wood Sedge CAREBLA S5 SE 

Carex brevior Short-beaked Sedge CAREBRE S4S5 SE 

Carex bromoides Bromelike Sedge CAREBRO S5 SE 

Carex brunnescens Brownish Sedge CAREBRU S5 SE 

Carex buxbaumii Dark-scaled Sedge CAREBUX S5 SE 

Carex canescens Silvery Sedge CARECAN S5 SE 

Carex capillaris ssp. capillaris Hair-like Sedge CARECAP S5 SE 

Carex careyana Carey's Wood Sedge CARECAR S2 SE 

Carex castanea Chestnut-scaled Sedge CARECAS S5 SE 

Carex cephaloidea Rough-clustered Sedge CARECEP S5 SE 

Carex cephalophora Oval-headed Sedge CARECEH S5 SE 

Carex chordorrhiza Creeping Sedge CARECHO S5 SE 

Carex communis Fibrous Rooted Sedge CARECOM S5 SE 

Carex comosa Bristly Sedge CARECOO S5 SE 

Carex concinna Coniferous Wood Sedge CARECON S5 SE 

Carex conoidea Field Sedge CARECOI S3 SE 

Carex crawei Early Fen Sedge CARECRA S4 SE 

Carex crawfordii Crawford's Sedge CARECRW S5 SE 

Carex crinita Fringed Sedge CARECRI S5 SE 

Carex cristatella Crested Sedge CARECRS S5 SE 

Carex crus-corvi Raven's-foot Sedge CARECRU S1 SE 

Carex cryptolepis Small Yellow Sedge CARECRY S4 SE 

Carex cumulata Clustered Sedge CARECUM S4 SE 

Carex davisii Awned Graceful Sedge CAREDAV S2 SE 

Carex debilis Northern White-edged Sedge CAREDEB S5 SE 

Carex deflexa Northern Sedge CAREDEF S5 SE 

9



Carex deweyana Dewey's Sedge CAREDEW S5 SE 

Carex diandra Lesser Panicled Sedge CAREDIA S5 SE 

Carex digitalis Narrow-leaved Wood Sedge CAREDIG S4S5 SE 

Carex disperma Two-seeded Sedge CAREDIS S5 SE 

Carex eburnea Bristle-leaved Sedge CAREEBU S5 SE 

Carex echinata Large-fruited Star Sedge CAREECH S5 SE 

Carex emoryi Riverbank Sedge CAREEMO S4 SE 

Carex exilis Coast Sedge CAREEXI S5 SE 

Carex festucacea Fescue Oval Sedge CAREFES S1 SE 

Carex flacca Flabby Sedge CAREFLA SE2 SE 

Carex flava Yellow Sedge CAREFLV S5 SE 

Carex foenea Bronze Sedge CAREFOE S5 SE 

Carex folliculata Long Sedge CAREFOL S3 SE 

Carex formosa Awnless Graceful Sedge CAREFOR S4 SE 

Carex frankii Bristly Cattail Sedge CAREFRA S2 SE 

Carex garberi False Golden Sedge CAREGAR S4 SE 

Carex glaucodea Blue Sedge CAREGLU S1 SE 

Carex gracilescens Slender Wood Sedge CAREGRA S4 SE 

Carex gracillima Graceful Sedge CAREGRM S5 SE 

Carex granularis Meadow Sedge CAREGRN S5 SE 

Carex gravida Heavy Sedge CAREGRV S1 SE 

Carex grayi Common Bur Sedge CAREGRY S4 SE 

Carex gynandra Nodding Sedge CAREGYN S5 SE 

Carex gynocrates Ridged Sedge CAREGYO S5 SE 

Carex haydenii Long-scaled Tussock Sedge CAREHAY S4 SE 

Carex hirsutella Hairy Green Sedge CAREHIR S3 SE 

Carex hirta Hammer Sedge CAREHRT SE2 SE 

Carex hirtifolia Hairy Wood Sedge CAREHII S5 SE 

Carex hitchcockiana Hitchcock's Sedge CAREHIT S5 SE 

Carex houghtoniana Houghton's Sedge CAREHOU S5 SE 

Carex hyalinolepis Hyaline-scaled Sedge CAREHYA S4 SE 

Carex hystericina Porcupine Sedge CAREHYS S5 SE 

Carex inops ssp. heliophila Sun-loving Sedge CAREINO S1 SE 

Carex interior Inland Sedge CAREINT S5 SE 

Carex intumescens Bladder Sedge CAREINU S5 SE 

Carex jamesii James' Sedge CAREJAM S4 SE 

Carex juniperorum Juniper Sedge CAREJUN S1 SE 

Carex lacustris Lakebank Sedge CARELAC S5 SE 

Carex laevivaginata Smooth-sheathed Sedge CARELAE S4 SE 

Carex lasiocarpa Narrow-leaved Woolly Sedge CARELAS S5 SE 

Carex laxiculmis var. copulata Spreading Wood Sedge CARELAU S3 SE 

Carex laxiculmis var. laxiculmis Weak-stemmed Wood Sedge CARELXC S4 SE 

Carex laxiflora Loose-flowered Sedge CARELAX S5 SE 

Carex leavenworthii Leavenworth's Sedge CARELEA S1 SE 

Carex lenticularis Lenticular Sedge CARELEN S5 SE 

Carex leptalea Bristle-stalked Sedge CARELEP S5 SE 

Carex leptonervia Few-nerved Wood Sedge CARELET S4 SE 

Carex limosa Mud Sedge CARELIM S5 SE 

10



Carex livida Livid Sedge CARELIV S5 SE 

Carex lucorum Distant Sedge CARELUC S4 SE 

Carex lupuliformis Knobbed Hop Sedge CARELPL S1 SE 

Carex lupulina Common Hop Sedge CARELUP S5 SE 

Carex lurida Sallow Sedge CARELUR S5 SE 

Carex magellanica ssp. irrigua Stunted Sedge CAREMAG S5 SE 

Carex meadii Mead's Sedge CAREMEA S2 SE 

Carex merritt-fernaldii Merritt's Sedge CAREMER S5 SE 

Carex mesochorea Midland Sedge CAREMES S1 SE 

Carex molesta Troublesome Sedge CAREMOL S4 SE 

Carex muhlenbergii var. enervis Nerveless Muhlenber's Sedge CAREMUE S1S2 SE 

Carex muhlenbergii var. muhlenbergii Muhlenberg's Sedge CAREMUH S4S5 SE 

Carex muricata Rough-pointed Sedge CAREMUR SE1 SE 

Carex muskingumensis Swamp Sedge CAREMUS S3 SE 

Carex nigromarginata Black-edged Sedge CARENIG S1 SE 

Carex normalis Larger Straw Sedge CARENOR S4 SE 

Carex novae-angliae Norway Sedge CARENOE S4 SE 

Carex oligocarpa Few-fruited Sedge CAREOLG S3 SE 

Carex oligosperma Few-seeded Sedge CAREOLI S4 SE 

Carex ormostachya Necklace-like Spiked Sedge CAREORM S4 SE 

Carex pallescens Pale Sedge CAREPAE S5 SE 

Carex parryana Parry's Sedge CAREPAR S1 SE 

Carex pauciflora Few-flowered Sedge CAREPAU S5 SE 

Carex peckii Peck's Sedge CAREPEC S5 SE 

Carex pedunculata Long-stalked Sedge CAREPED S5 SE 

Carex pellita Broad-leaved Woolly Sedge CAREPEL S5 SE 

Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania Sedge CAREPEN S5 SE 

Carex plantaginea Plantain-leaved Sedge CAREPLA S5 SE 

Carex platyphylla Broad-leaved Wood Sedge CAREPLT S5 SE 

Carex praegracilis Expressway Sedge CAREPRA SE5 SE 

Carex prairea Prairie Sedge CAREPRI S5 SE 

Carex prasina Drooping Sedge CAREPRS S4 SE 

Carex praticola Large-fruited Oval Sedge CAREPRT S2 SE 

Carex projecta Necklace Sedge CAREPRO S5 SE 

Carex pseudo-cyperus Cypress-like Sedge CAREPSE S5 SE 

Carex radiata Radiate Sedge CARERAD S4 SE 

Carex retroflexa Reflexed Sedge CARERTF S2 SE 

Carex retrorsa Retrorse Sedge CARERET S5 SE 

Carex richardsonii Prairie Hummock Sedge CARERIC S4 SE 

Carex rosea Stellate Sedge CAREROE S5 SE 

Carex sartwellii Running Marsh Sedge CARESAR S4 SE 

Carex scabrata Rough Sedge CARESCA S5 SE 

Carex schweinitzii Schweinitz's Sedge CARESCH S3 SE 

Carex scirpoidea ssp. convoluta Convoluted Single-spike Sedge CARESCC S3 SE 

Carex scirpoidea ssp. scirpoidea Northern Single-spike Sedge CARESCI S5 SE 

Carex scoparia Pointed Broom Sedge CARESCO S5 SE 

Carex seorsa Swamp Star Sedge CARESEO S2 SE 

Carex shortiana Short's Sedge CARESHO S1 SE 

11



Carex siccata Hay Sedge CARESIC S5 SE 

Carex sp Sedge Species CARE-SP SE 

Carex sparganioides Bur-reed Sedge CARESPA S5 SE 

Carex spicata Spiked Sedge CARESPI SE5 SE 

Carex sprengelii Long-beaked Sedge CARESPR S5 SE 

Carex squarrosa Narrow-leaved Cattail Sedge CARESQU S2 SE 

Carex sterilis Fen Star Sedge CARESTE S4 SE 

Carex stipata Awl-fruited Sedge CARESTI S5 SE 

Carex stricta Tussock Sedge CARESTR S5 SE 

Carex suberecta Prairie Straw Sedge CARESUB S2 SE 

Carex swanii Downy Green Sedge CARESWA S4 SE 

Carex sychnocephala Dense Long-beaked Sedge CARESYC S4 SE 

Carex sylvatica Woodland Sedge CARESYL SE2 SE 

Carex tenera Slender Straw Sedge CARETEN S5 SE 

Carex tenuiflora Sparse-flowered Sedge CARETEU S5 SE 

Carex tetanica Rigid Sedge CARETET S3 SE 

Carex tonsa var. rugosperma Dark-green Sedge CARETOR S5 SE 

Carex tonsa var. tonsa Smooth-fruited Oak Sedge CARETOT S4S5 SE 

Carex tribuloides Blunt Broom Sedge CARETRI S4S5 SE 

Carex trichocarpa Hairy-fruited Sedge CARETRC S3 SE 

Carex trisperma Three-seeded Sedge CARETRT S5 SE 

Carex tuckermanii Tuckerman's Sedge CARETUC S4 SE 

Carex typhina Cattail Sedge CARETYP S2 SE 

Carex umbellata Early Oak Sedge CAREUMB S5 SE 

Carex utriculata t Beaked Sedge CAREUTR S5 SE 

Carex vaginata Sheathed Sedge CAREVAG S5 SE 

Carex vesicaria Inflated Sedge CAREVES S5 SE 

Carex virescens Ribbed Sedge CAREVIR S3 SE 

Carex viridula Greenish Sedge CAREVIV S5 SE 

Carex vulpinoidea Fox Sedge CAREVUL S5 SE 

Carex wiegandii Wiegand's Sedge CAREWIE S1 SE 

Carex willdenowii Williams' Sedge CAREWIL S1 SE 

Carex woodii Purple-tinged Sedge CAREWOO S4 SE 

Carex X subimpressa Hybrid Woolly Sedge CARESUI SHB2 SE 

Carpinus caroliniana Blue Beech CARPCAR S5 SH 

Carum carvi Common Caraway CARUCAR SE1 FO 

Carya cordiformis Bitternut Hickory CARYCOR S5 TR 

Carya glabra Pignut Hickory CARYGLA S3 TR 

Carya laciniosa Big Shellbark Hickory CARYLAC S3 TR 

Carya ovata Shagbark Hickory CARYOVA S5 TR 

Carya sp Hickory Species CARY-SP TR 

Cassia hebecarpa American Senna CASSHEB S1 FO 

Castanea dentata American Chestnut CASTDEN S2 TR 

Castilleja coccinea Indian Paintbrush CASTCOC S5 FO 

Catalpa speciosa Northern Catalpa CATASPE SE1 TR 

Caulophyllum giganteum Purple-flowered Blue Cohosh CAULGIG S4 FO 

Caulophyllum thalictroides Blue Cohosh CAULTHA S5 FO 

Ceanothus americanus New Jersey Tea CEANAME S4 SH 

12



Ceanothus herbaceus Narrow-leaved New Jersey Tea CEANHER S4 SH 

Ceanothus sp New Jersey Tea Species CEAN-SP SH 

Celastrus scandens Climbing Bittersweet CELASCA S5 VW 

Celtis occidentalis Hackberry CELTOCC S4 TR 

Celtis sp Hackberry Species CELT-SP TR 

Celtis tenuifolia Dwarf Hackberry CELTTEN S2 SH 

Cenchrus longispinus Sandbur CENCLON S4 GR 

Centaurea cyanus Bachelor's Button CENTCYA SE1 FO 

Centaurea diffusa Spreading Knapweed CENTDIF SE1 FO 

Centaurea jacea Brown Knapweed CENTJAC SE5 FO 

Centaurea macrocephala Bighead Knapweed CENTMCR SE1 FO 

Centaurea maculosa Spotted Knapweed CENTMAC SE5 FO 

Centaurea nigra Black Knapweed CENTNIG SE FO 

Centaurea nigrescens Tyrol Knapweed CENTNIN SE5 FO 

Centaurea sp Knapweed Species CENT-SP FO 

Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury CENTERY SE3 FO 

Centaurium pulchellum Branching Centaury CENTPUL SE3 FO 

Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush CEPHOCC S5 SH 

Cerastium arvense ssp. arvense Meadow Chickweed CERAARA SE3 FO 

Cerastium arvense ssp. strictum Field Chickweed CERAARS S4 FO 

Cerastium brachypodum Short-stalked Chickweed CERABRA S2 FO 

Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Chickweed CERAFON SE5 FO 

Cerastium glomeratum Sticky Chickweed CERAGLO SE1 FO 

Cerastium nutans Nodding Chickweed CERANUT S4 FO 

Cerastium pumilum Dwarf Chickweed CERAPUM SE2 FO 

Cerastium semidecandrum Small Mouse-ear Chickweed CERASEM SE5 FO 

Cerastium sp Chickweed Species CERA-SP FO 

Cerastium tomentosum Snow-in-summer CERATOM SE2 FO 

Cerastium velutinum Long-hairy Chickweed CERAVEL S2 FO 

Ceratophyllum demersum Common Coontail CERADEM S5 FO 

Ceratophyllum echinatum Prickly Hornwort CERAECH S3 FO 

Ceratophyllum sp Coontail Species CERT-SP FO 

Cercis canadensis Redbud CERCCAN SX SH 

Chaenorrhinum minus Lesser Toadflax CHAEMIN SE5 FO 

Chaerophyllum procumbens var. procumbens Spreading Chervil CHAEPRP S2 FO 

Chamaedaphne calyculata Leatherleaf CHAMCAL S5 SH 

Chamaesyce glyptosperma Ridge-seeded Broomspurge CHAMGLY SE5 FO 

Chamaesyce humistrata Prostrate Broomspurge CHAMHUM SE1 FO 

Chamaesyce maculata Blotched Broomspurge CHAMMAC SE5 FO 

Chamaesyce nutans Little Ground Broomspurge CHAMNUT S4S5 FO 

Chamaesyce polygonifolia Seaside Broomspurge CHAMPOL S4 FO 

Chamaesyce serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Broomspurge CHAMSRP SE2 FO 

Chamaesyce sp Spurge Species CHAM-SP FO 

Chamaesyce vermiculata Hairy Broomspurge CHAMVER S5 FO 

Chara sp Stonewort Species CHAR-SP AL 

Chelidonium majus Celandine CHELMAJ SE5 FO 

Chelone glabra Turtlehead CHELGLA S5 FO 

Chenopodium album var. album Lamb's Quarters CHENALA SE5 FO 

13



Chenopodium ambrosioides Mexican Tea CHENAMB SE1 FO 

Chenopodium bonus-henricus Good King Henry CHENBON SE1 FO 

Chenopodium botrys Jerusalem Oak Goosefoot CHENBOT SE4 FO 

Chenopodium bushianum Bush's Goosefoot CHENBEB S1S2 FO 

Chenopodium capitatum Strawberry Blite CHENCAP S5 FO 

Chenopodium foggii Fogg's Goosefoot CHENFOG S2 FO 

Chenopodium glaucum ssp. glaucum Oak-leaved Goosefoot CHENGLG SE5 FO 

Chenopodium leptophyllum Slim-leaved Goosefoot CHENLEP S1 FO 

Chenopodium murale Sow-bane CHENMUR SE1 FO 

Chenopodium rubrum Coast-blite CHENRUB SE2 FO 

Chenopodium simplex Maple-leaved Goosefoot CHENSIM S5 FO 

Chenopodium sp Goosefoot Species CHEN-SP FO 

Chenopodium standleyanum Bosc's Goosefoot CHENSTA S2 FO 

Chenopodium urbicum Upright Goosefoot CHENURB SE1 FO 

Chenopodium vulvaria Stinking Goosefoot CHENVUL SE1 FO 

Chimaphila maculata var. maculata Spotted Wintergreen CHIMMAM S1 SH 

Chimaphila umbellata ssp. cisatlantica Pipsissewa CHIMUMC S5 SH 

Chondrilla juncea Skeleton-weed CHONJUN SE1 FO 

Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Ox-eye Daisy CHRYLEU SE5 FO 

Chrysosplenium americanum Golden Saxifrage CHRYAME S5 FO 

Cichorium intybus Chicory CICHINT SE5 FO 

Cicuta bulbifera Bulb-bearing Water-hemlock CICUBUL S5 FO 

Cicuta maculata Spotted Water-hemlock CICUMAC S5 FO 

Cicuta sp Water-hemlock Species CICU-SP FO 

Cimicifuga i if racemosa Black Cohosh h CIMIRAC S2 FO 

Cinna arundinacea Stout Woodreed CINNARU S4 GR 

Cinna latifolia Drooping Woodreed CINNLAT S5 GR 

Cinna sp Woodreed Species CINN-SP GR 

Circaea alpina Dwarf Enchanter's Nightshade CIRCALP S5 FO 

Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis Canada Enchanter's Nightshade CIRCLUC S5 FO 

Circaea sp Enchanter's Nightshade Species CIRC-SP FO 

Cirsium arvense Canada Thistle CIRSARE SE5 FO 

Cirsium discolor Field Thistle CIRSDIS S3 FO 

Cirsium hillii Prairie Thistle CIRSHIL S3 FO 

Cirsium muticum Swamp Thistle CIRSMUT S5 FO 

Cirsium pitcheri Pitcher's Thistle CIRSPIT S2 FO 

Cirsium sp Thistle Species CIRS-SP FO 

Cirsium vulgare Bull Thistle CIRSVUL SE5 FO 

Cladium mariscoides Twig-rush CLADMAR S5 SE 

Cladonia sp Raindeer Moss Species CLAD-SP LC 

Claytonia caroliniana Carolina Spring Beauty CLAYCAR S5 FO 

Claytonia sp Spring Beauty Species CLAY-SP FO 

Claytonia virginica Virginia Spring Beauty CLAYVIR S5 FO 

Clematis occidentalis Purple Clematis CLEMOCC S4S5 VW 

Clematis sp Clematis Species CLEM-SP VW 

Clematis virginiana Virgin's Bower CLEMVIR S5 VW 

Cleome hassleriana Spider Plant CLEOHAS SE1 FO 

Cleome serrulata Stinking Clover CLEOSER SE1 FO 

14



Clinopodium vulgare Wild Basil CLINVUL S5 FO 

Clintonia borealis Bluebead Lily CLINBOR S5 FO 

Coeloglossum viride var. virescens Long-bracted Green Orchid COELVIV S4 FO 

Collinsia parviflora var. parviflora Few-flowered Collinsia COLLPAP S4 FO 

Collinsonia canadensis Horsebalm COLLCAN S4 FO 

Comandra umbellata Bastard Toadflax COMAUMB S5 FO 

Commelina communis Asiatic Day-flower COMMCOM SE3 FO 

Comptonia peregrina Sweet Fern COMPPER S5 SH 

Conioselinum chinense Hemlock-parsley CONICHI S2 FO 

Conium maculatum Poison Hemlock CONIMAC SE2 FO 

Conopholis americana Squawroot CONOAME S4 FO 

Conringia orientalis Treacle Mustard CONRORI SE2 FO 

Consolida ajacis Rocket Larkspur CONSAJA SE1 FO 

Convallaria majalis Lily-of-the-valley CONVMAJ SE5 FO 

Convolvulus arvensis Field Bindweed CONVARV SE5 VI 

Conyza canadensis Horseweed CONYCAN S5 FO 

Coptis trifolia ssp. groenlandica Goldthread COPTTRG S5 FO 

Corallorhiza maculata Spotted Coralroot CORAMAC S5 FO 

Corallorhiza odontorhiza Autumn Coralroot CORAODO S2 FO 

Corallorhiza sp Coralroot Species CORA-SP FO 

Corallorhiza striata Striped Coralroot CORASTR S4 FO 

Corallorhiza trifida Early Coralroot CORATRI S5 FO 

Coreopsis grandiflora Large-flowered Coreopsis COREGRA SE3 FO 

Coreopsis lanceolata Lance-leaved Coreopsis CORELAN S4 FO 

Coreopsis sp Coreopsis Species CORE-SP FO 

Coreopsis tinctoria Golden Coreopsis CORETIN SE1 FO 

Coreopsis tripteris Tall Coreopsis CORETRP S2 FO 

Coriandrum sativum Common Coriander CORISAT SE1 FO 

Corispermum hookeri Hooker's Bugseed CORIHOO S1S3 FO 

Corispermum pallasii Pallas Bugseed CORIPAL S1S3 FO 

Corispermum villosum Villose Bugseed CORIVIL S1S3 FO 

Cornus alternifolia Alternate-leaved Dogwood CORNALT S5 SH 

Cornus amomum ssp. obliqua Silky Dogwood CORNAMO S5 SH 

Cornus canadensis Bunchberry CORNCAN S5 SH 

Cornus drummondii Rough-leaved Dogwood CORNDRU S4 SH 

Cornus florida Eastern Flowering Dogwood CORNFLO S2 SH 

Cornus foemina ssp. racemosa Gray Dogwood CORNFOR S5 SH 

Cornus rugosa Round-leaved Dogwood CORNRUG S5 SH 

Cornus sp Dogwood Species CORN-SP SH 

Cornus stolonifera Red-osier Dogwood CORNSTO S5 SH 

Coronilla varia Crown-vetch COROVAR SE5 FO 

Corydalis aurea Golden Corydalis CORYAUR S5 FO 

Corydalis flavula Pale Corydalis CORYFLA S2 FO 

Corydalis sempervirens Pink Corydalis CORYSEM S5 FO 

Corylus americana American Hazelnut CORYAME S5 SH 

Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazelnut CORYCOR S5 SH 

Corylus sp Hazelnut Species CORY-SP SH 

Cosmos bipinnatus Black Cosmos COSMBIP SE1 FO 

15



Crataegus apiomorpha Pear-shaped Hawthorn CRATAPI S1S2 SH 

Crataegus brainerdii Brainerd's Hawthorn CRATBRA S2 SH 

Crataegus calpodendron Pear Hawthorn CRATCAL S4S5 SH 

Crataegus chrysocarpa Fireberry Hawthorn CRATCHR S5 SH 

Crataegus compacta Thames Hawthorn CRATCOC S4 SH 

Crataegus crus-galli Cockspur Hawthorn CRATCRU S5 SH 

Crataegus dilatata Broad-leaf Hawthorn CRATDIL S SH 

Crataegus dissona Northern Hawthorn CRATDIN S3 SH 

Crataegus dodgei Dodge's Hawthorn CRATDOD S4 SH 

Crataegus douglasii Black Hawthorn CRATDOU S4 SH 

Crataegus flabellata Fanleaf Hawthorn CRATFLA S4 SH 

Crataegus formosa Beautiful Hawthorn CRATFOR S SH 

Crataegus fulleriana Fuller's Hawthorn CRATFUL S2 SH 

Crataegus holmesiana Holmes Hawthorn CRATHOL SRF SH 

Crataegus irrasa Blanchard's Hawthorn CRATIRR S4 SH 

Crataegus lumaria Round-leaved Hawthorn CRATLUM S3 SH 

Crataegus macracantha Long-spined Hawthorn CRATMAC S5 SH 

Crataegus macrosperma Variable Hawthorn CRATMCS S5 SH 

Crataegus mollis Downy Hawthorn CRATMOL S5 SH 

Crataegus monogyna One-seeded Hawthorn CRATMON SE5 SH 

Crataegus pedicellata Pedicelled Hawthorn CRATPED SRF SH 

Crataegus pennsylvanica Pennsylvania Hawthorn CRATPEN S1S2 SH 

Crataegus persimilis Bush's Hawthorn CRATPER S SH 

Crataegus pringlei Pringle's Hawthorn CRATPRI S5 SH 

Crataegus pruinosa Frosted Hawthorn CRATPRU S4 SH 

Crataegus punctata Dotted Hawthorn CRATPUN S5 SH 

Crataegus scabrida Rough Hawthorn CRATSCA S3 SH 

Crataegus schuettei Royal Hawthorn CRATSCH S4 SH 

Crataegus sp Hawthorn Species CRAT-SP SH 

Crataegus submollis Emerson's Hawthorn CRATSBM S4S5 SH 

Crataegus suborbiculata Caughuawaga Hawthorn CRATSUB S2 SH 

Crataegus succulenta Fleshy Hawthorn CRATSUC S4S5 SH 

Crataegus sylvestris Woodland Hawthorn CRATSYL SU SH 

Crepis capillaris Smooth Hawk's Beard CREPCAP SE1 FO 

Crepis sp Hawk's Beard Species CREP-SP FO 

Crepis tectorum Narrow-leaved Hawk's Beard CREPTEC SE5 FO 

Croton capitatus Woolly Croton CROTCAP SE1 FO 

Crypsis schoenoides False Timothy CRYPSCH SE1 GR 

Cryptogramma stelleri Slender Cliff-brake CRYPSTE S4S5 FE 

Cryptotaenia canadensis Honewort CRYPCAN S5 FO 

Cucurbita sp Gourd Species CUCU-SP VI 

Cuscuta campestris Prairie Dodder CUSCCAM S2 FO 

Cuscuta cephalanthi Button-bush Dodder CUSCCEP S2 FO 

Cuscuta coryli Hazel Dodder CUSCCOR S1 FO 

Cuscuta gronovii Common Dodder CUSCGRO S5 FO 

Cuscuta polygonorum Smartweed Dodder CUSCPOL S1 FO 

Cuscuta sp Dodder Species CUSC-SP FO 

Cycloloma atriplicifolium Winged Pigweed CYCLATR S4 FO 

16



Cymbalaria muralis Kenilworth Ivy CYMBMUR SE1 FO 

Cynanchum nigrum Black Swallow-wort CYNANIG SE VI 

Cynanchum rossicum White Swallow-wort CYNAROS SE5 VI 

Cynanchum sp Swallow-wort Species CYNA-SP VI 

Cynoglossum boreale Wild Comfrey CYNOBOR S4 FO 

Cynoglossum officinale Common Hound's-tongue CYNOOFF SE5 FO 

Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail CYNOCRI SE1 GR 

Cyperus bipartitus Brook Nut Sedge CYPEBIP S5 SE 

Cyperus dentatus Toothed Flat Sedge CYPEDEN S1 SE 

Cyperus diandrus Umbrella Flat Sedge CYPEDIA S4 SE 

Cyperus erythrorhizos Red-rooted Nut Sedge CYPEERY S4 SE 

Cyperus esculentus Field Nut Sedge CYPEESC S5 SE 

Cyperus flavescens Yellow Flat Sedge CYPEFLA S2 SE 

Cyperus fuscus Brown Flat Sedge CYPEFUS SE2 SE 

Cyperus houghtonii Smooth Sand Sedge CYPEHOU S3 SE 

Cyperus lupulinus ssp. macilentus Great Plains Flat Sedge CYPELUM S4 SE 

Cyperus odoratus False Rusty Nut Sedge CYPEODO S5 SE 

Cyperus schweinitzii Rough Sand Sedge CYPESCH S3 SE 

Cyperus sp Flat Sedge Species CYPE-SP SE 

Cyperus squarrosus Bearded Flat Sedge CYPESQU S4 SE 

Cyperus strigosus Long-scaled Nut Sedge CYPESTR S5 SE 

Cypripedium acaule Pink Moccasin Flower CYPRACA S5 FO 

Cypripedium arietinum Ram's-head Lady's Slipper CYPRARI S3 FO 

Cypripedium calceolus var. parviflorum Small Yellow Lady's Slipper CYPRCAP S4S5 FO 

Cypripedium calceolus l var. pubescens Large Yellow Lady's ' Slipper CYPRCAB S5 FO 

Cypripedium candidum Small White Lady's Slipper CYPRCAN S1 FO 

Cypripedium reginae Showy Lady's Slipper CYPRREG S4 FO 

Cypripedium sp Lady's Slipper Species CYPR-SP FO 

Cypripedium X andrewsii Andrews' Lady's Slipper CYPRAND SHB1 FO 

Cystopteris bulbifera Bulblet Bladder Fern CYSTBUL S5 FE 

Cystopteris fragilis Brittle Fern CYSTFRA S5 FE 

Cystopteris laurentiana Laurentian Bladder Fern CYSTLAU S3 FE 

Cystopteris protrusa Southern Bladder Fern CYSTPRO S2 FE 

Cystopteris sp Bladder Fern Species CYST-SP FE 

Cystopteris tenuis Mackay's Brittle Fern CYSTTEN S5 FE 

Dactylis glomerata Orchard Grass DACTGLO SE5 GR 

Dalea purpurea Purple Prairie Clover DALEPUR S1 FO 

Dalibarda repens Dewdrop DALIREP S4S5 FO 

Danthonia compressa Flat-stem Oat Grass DANTCOM S4 GR 

Danthonia sp Oat Grass Species DANT-SP GR 

Danthonia spicata Poverty Oat Grass DANTSPI S5 GR 

Daphne mezereum Daphne DAPHMEZ SE2 SH 

Datura stramonium Jimsonweed DATUSTR SE5 FO 

Daucus carota Wild Carrot DAUCCAR SE5 FO 

Decodon verticillatus Swamp Loosestrife DECOVER S5 FO 

Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay-scented Fern DENNPUN S5 FE 

Deparia acrostichoides Silvery Spleenwort DEPAACR S4 FE 

Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. cespitosa Tufted Hairgrass DESCCEC S4S5 GR 

17



Deschampsia cespitosa ssp. parviflora Small-flowered Tufted Hairgrass DESCCEP SE2 GR 

Deschampsia flexuosa Common Hairgrass DESCFLE S5 GR 

Deschampsia sp Hairgrass Species DESC-SP GR 

Descurainia pinnata ssp. brachycarpa Pinnate Tansy-mustard DESCPIB S4 FO 

Descurainia sophia Flixweed DESCSOP SE5 FO 

Desmodium canadense Showy Tick-trefoil DESMCND S4 FO 

Desmodium canescens Hoary Tick-trefoil DESMCAN S2 FO 

Desmodium cuspidatum var. cuspidatum Large-bracted Tick-trefoil DESMCUC S3 FO 

Desmodium glutinosum Pointed-leaved Tick-trefoil DESMGLU S4 FO 

Desmodium nudiflorum Naked-flowered Tick-trefoil DESMNUD S4 FO 

Desmodium paniculatum var. dillenii Dillen's Tick-trefoil DESMPAD S4 FO 

Desmodium paniculatum var. paniculatum Panicled Tick-trefoil DESMPAP S4 FO 

Desmodium rotundifolium Round-leaved Tick-trefoil DESMROT S2 FO 

Desmodium sp Tick-trefoil Species DESM-SP FO 

Dianthus armeria Deptford Pink DIANARM SE5 FO 

Dianthus barbatus Bearded Pink DIANBAR SE1 FO 

Dianthus deltoides Maiden Pink DIANDEL SE2 FO 

Dianthus plumarius Cottage Pink DIANPLU SE1 FO 

Dianthus sp Pink Species DIAN-SP FO 

Diarrhena obovata Beak Grass DIAROBO S1 GR 

Dicentra canadensis Squirrel-corn DICECAN S5 FO 

Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman's-breeches DICECUC S5 FO 

Dicentra sp Dicentra Species DICE-SP FO 

Diervilla lonicera Bush Honeysuckle DIERLON S5 SH 

Digitalis it grandiflora Yellow Foxglove DIGIGRA SE1 FO 

Digitaria cognata var. cognata Fall Witch Grass DIGICOC S1 GR 

Digitaria ischaemum Small Crabgrass DIGIISC SE5 GR 

Digitaria sanguinalis Large Crabgrass DIGISAN SE5 GR 

Digitaria sp Crabgrass Species DIGI-SP GR 

Dioscorea quaternata Wild Yamroot DIOSQUA S4 VI 

Diphasiastrum complanatum Northern Running-pine DIPHCOM S5 FE 

Diphasiastrum digitatum Southern Running-pine DIPHDIG S5 FE 

Diphasiastrum sp Running-pine Species DIPH-SP FE 

Diphasiastrum tristachyum Ground-cedar DIPHTRI S5 FE 

Diphasiastrum X sabinifolium Savin-leaf Club-moss DIPHSAB S3 FE 

Diplazium pycnocarpon Narrow-leaved Spleenwort DIPLPYC S4 FE 

Diplotaxis muralis Sand Rocket DIPLMUR SE1 FO 

Diplotaxis tenuifolia Wall Rocket DIPLTEN SE5 FO 

Dipsacus fullonum ssp. sylvestris Common Teasel DIPSFUS SE5 FO 

Dipsacus laciniatus Laciniate Teasel DIPSLAC SE1 FO 

Dirca palustris Leatherwood DIRCPAL S4 SH 

Disporum lanuginosum Yellow Mandarin DISPLAN S4 FO 

Draba arabisans Rock-cress Whitlow-grass DRABARA S4 FO 

Draba cana Hoary Draba DRABCAN S3 FO 

Draba glabella Glaucous Dabra DRABGLA S4S5 FO 

Draba nemorosa Wood Whitlow-grass DRABNEM S4 FO 

Draba reptans Carolina Whitlow-grass DRABREP S3 FO 

Draba sp Whitlow-grass Species DRAB-SP FO 

18



Dracocephalum parviflorum Small-flowered Dragonhead DRACPAR S5 FO 

Drosera anglica English Sundew DROSANG S5 FO 

Drosera intermedia Spatulate-leaved Sendew DROSINT S5 FO 

Drosera linearis Linear-leaved Sundew DROSLIN S3 FO 

Drosera rotundifolia Round-leaved Sundew DROSROT S5 FO 

Drosera sp Sundew Species DROS-SP FO 

Dryopteris carthusiana Spinulose Wood Fern DRYOCAR S5 FE 

Dryopteris clintoniana Clinton's Wood Fern DRYOCLI S4 FE 

Dryopteris cristata Crested Wood Fern DRYOCRI S5 FE 

Dryopteris filix-mas Male-fern DRYOFIL S4 FE 

Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's Wood Fern DRYOGOL S4 FE 

Dryopteris intermedia Evergreen Wood Fern DRYOINT S5 FE 

Dryopteris marginalis Marginal Wood Fern DRYOMAR S5 FE 

Dryopteris sp Wood Fern Species DRYO-SP FE 

Dryopteris X boottii Glandular Swamp Fern DRYOBOO SHB2 FE 

Dryopteris X burgessii Burgess Wood Fern DRYOBUR SHB1 FE 

Dryopteris X dowellii Dowell's Wood Fern DRYODOW SHB1 FE 

Dryopteris X triploidea Triploid Wood Fern DRYOTRI SHB4 FE 

Dryopteris X uliginosa Braun's Wood Fern DRYOULI SHB2 FE 

Duchesnea indica Indian Strawberry DUCHIND SE1 FO 

Dulichium arundinaceum Three-way Sedge DULIARU S5 SE 

Dyssodia papposa Fetid Marigold DYSSPAP SE1 FO 

Echinacea pallida Pale Purple Coneflower ECHIPAL S1 FO 

Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower ECHIPUR SE1 FO 

Echinochloa hl crusgalli Barnyard Grass ECHICRU SE5 GR 

Echinochloa microstachya Small-flowered Barnyard Grass ECHIMIC S4S5 GR 

Echinochloa muricata Large-flowered Barnyard Grass ECHIMUR S4 GR 

Echinochloa sp Barnyard Grass Species ECHI-SP GR 

Echinochloa walteri Walter's Barnyard Grass ECHIWAL S3 GR 

Echinocystis lobata Wild Cucumber ECHILOB S5 VI 

Echinops sphaerocephalus Common Globe-thistle ECHISPH SE4 FO 

Echium vulgare Viper's Bugloss ECHIVUL SE5 FO 

Eclipta prostrata False Daisy ECLIPRO S2 FO 

Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian Olive ELAEANG SE3 SH 

Elaeagnus umbellata Autumn Olive ELAEUMB SE3 SH 

Elatine minima Small Waterwort ELATMIN S4 FO 

Elatine triandra Long-stemmed Waterwort ELATTRI S3 FO 

Eleocharis acicularis Needle Spike-rush ELEOACI S5 SE 

Eleocharis compressa Flat-stem Spike-rush ELEOCOM S4 SE 

Eleocharis elliptica Elliptic Spike-rush ELEOELL S5 SE 

Eleocharis engelmannii Engelmann's Spike-rush ELEOENG S1 SE 

Eleocharis equisetoides Horsetail Spike-rush ELEOEQU S1 SE 

Eleocharis erythropoda Red-stemmed Spike-rush ELEOERY S5 SE 

Eleocharis geniculata Geniculate Spike-rush ELEOGEN S1 SE 

Eleocharis intermedia Matted Spike-rush ELEOINT S4 SE 

Eleocharis nitida Quill Spike-rush ELEONIT S2S3 SE 

Eleocharis obtusa Blunt Spike-rush ELEOOBT S5 SE 

Eleocharis olivacea Bright-green Spike-rush ELEOOLI S4 SE 

19



Eleocharis ovata Ovate Spike-rush ELEOOVA S5 SE 

Eleocharis pauciflora Few-flowered Spike-rush ELEOPAU S5 SE 

Eleocharis quadrangulata Four-angled Spike-rush ELEOQUA S1 SE 

Eleocharis robbinsii Robbins' Spike-rush ELEOROB S4 SE 

Eleocharis rostellata Beaked Spike-rush ELEOROS S3 SE 

Eleocharis smallii Small's Spike-rush ELEOSMA S5 SE 

Eleocharis sp Spike-rush Species ELEO-SP SE 

Eleusine indica Goose Grass ELEUIND SE3 GR 

Ellisia nyctelea Waterpod ELLINYC SE1 FO 

Elodea canadensis Canada Waterweed ELODCAN S5 FO 

Elodea nuttallii Western Elodea ELODNUT S3 FO 

Elodea sp Waterweed Species ELOD-SP FO 

Elymus canadensis Canada Wild Rye ELYMCAN S4S5 GR 

Elymus elongatus ssp. ponticus Elongated Wild Rye ELYMELP SE3 GR 

Elymus hystrix Bottlebrush Grass ELYMHYS S5 GR 

Elymus lanceolatus ssp. psammophilus Great Lakes Wheat Grass ELYMLAP S3 GR 

Elymus macgregorii Early Wild Rye ELYMMAC S1S3 GR 

Elymus repens Quack Grass ELYMREP SE5 GR 

Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye ELYMRIP S4 GR 

Elymus smithii Western Wheat Grass ELYMSMI S2 GR 

Elymus sp Wild Rye Species ELYM-SP GR 

Elymus trachycaulus ssp. trachycaulus Slender Wheat Grass ELYMTRT S5 GR 

Elymus villosus Downy Wild Rye ELYMVIL S4 GR 

Elymus virginicus var. submuticus Awnless Wild Rye ELYMVIS S2S3 GR 

Elymus virginicus i i var. virginicus i i Virginia i i Wild Rye ELYMVIV S5 GR 

Elymus wiegandii Broad-leaved Wild Rye ELYMWIE S4 GR 

Enemion biternatum False Rue Anemone ENEMBIT S2 FO 

Epifagus virginiana Beechdrops EPIFVIR S5 FO 

Epigaea repens Trailing Arbutus EPIGREP S5 SH 

Epilobium angustifolium Fireweed EPILANG S5 FO 

Epilobium ciliatum ssp. ciliatum American Willow-herb EPILCIC S5 FO 

Epilobium ciliatum ssp. glandulosum Northern Willow-herb EPILCIG SU FO 

Epilobium coloratum Purple-leaved Willow-herb EPILCOL S5 FO 

Epilobium hirsutum Hairy Willow-herb EPILHIR SE5 FO 

Epilobium leptophyllum Narrow-leaved Willow-herb EPILLEP S5 FO 

Epilobium palustre Marsh Willow-herb EPILPAL S5 FO 

Epilobium parviflorum Small-flowered Willow-herb EPILPAR SE4 FO 

Epilobium sp Willow-herb Species EPIL-SP FO 

Epilobium strictum Downy Willow-herb EPILSTR S5 FO 

Epipactis helleborine Helleborine EPIPHEL SE5 FO 

Equisetum arvense Field Horsetail EQUIARV S5 FE 

Equisetum fluviatile Water Horsetail EQUIFLU S5 FE 

Equisetum hyemale ssp. affine Scouring Rush EQUIHYA S5 FE 

Equisetum laevigatum Smooth Scouring Rush EQUILAE S4 FE 

Equisetum palustre Marsh Horsetail EQUIPAL S5 FE 

Equisetum pratense Meadow Horsetail EQUIPRA S5 FE 

Equisetum scirpoides Dwarf Scouring Rush EQUISCI S5 FE 

Equisetum sp Horsetail Species EQUI-SP FE 

20



Equisetum sylvaticum Woodland Horsetail EQUISYL S5 FE 

Equisetum variegatum ssp. variegatum Variegated Horsetail EQUIVAV S5 FE 

Equisetum X ferrissii Joilet Horsetail EQUEFER SHB3 FE 

Equisetum X litorale Shore Horsetail EQUILIT SHB2 FE 

Equisetum X mackaii Mack's Horsetail EQUIMAC SHB3 FE 

Equisetum X nelsonii Nelson's Horsetail EQUINEL SHB2 FE 

Eragrostis capillaris Lace-grass ERAGCAP SH GR 

Eragrostis cilianensis Stink Grass ERAGCIL SE5 GR 

Eragrostis frankii Sandbar Love Grass ERAGFRA S4 GR 

Eragrostis hypnoides Creeping Love Grass ERAGHYP S4 GR 

Eragrostis minor Little Love Grass ERAGMIN SE5 GR 

Eragrostis pectinacea var. pectinacea Small Love Grass ERAGPEP S5 GR 

Eragrostis pilosa Indian Love Grass ERAGPIL SE1 GR 

Eragrostis sp Love Grass Species ERAG-SP GR 

Eragrostis spectabilis Purple Love Grass ERAGSPE S4 GR 

Erechtites hieracifolia Pilewort ERECHIE S5 FO 

Erigenia bulbosa Harbinger-of-spring ERIGBUL S3 FO 

Erigeron annuus Daisy Fleabane ERIGANN S5 FO 

Erigeron hyssopifolius Hyssop-leaved Fleabane ERIGHYS S5 FO 

Erigeron philadelphicus ssp. philadelphicus Philadelphia Fleabane ERIGPHP S5 FO 

Erigeron pulchellus Robin's Plantain ERIGPUL S5 FO 

Erigeron sp Fleabane Species ERIG-SP FO 

Erigeron strigosus Lesser Daisy Fleabane ERIGSTR S5 FO 

Eriocaulon aquaticum Pipewort ERIOAQU S5 FO 

Ei Eriophorum gracile Slender Cottongrass ERIOGRA S5 SE 

Eriophorum sp Cottongrass Species ERIO-SP SE 

Eriophorum vaginatum ssp. spissum Sheathed Cottongrass ERIOVAS S5 SE 

Eriophorum virginicum Virginia Cottongrass ERIOVIR S5 SE 

Eriophorum viridi-carinatum Thin-leaved Cottongrass ERIOVRC S5 SE 

Erodium cicutarium Redstem Filaree ERODCIC SE3 FO 

Erophila verna Spring Whitlow-grass EROPVER SE4 FO 

Eruca vesicaria Purple-vein Rocket ERUCVES SE1 FO 

Erucastrum gallicum French Rocket ERUCGAL SE5 FO 

Eryngium planum Flat Rattlesnake-master ERYNPLA SE1 FO 

Erysimum cheiranthoides ssp. cheiranthoides Wormseed Mustard ERYSCHC SE5 FO 

Erysimum hieraciifolium Hawkweed-leaved Mustard ERYSHIE SE5 FO 

Erysimum inconspicuum Small-flowered Prairie-rocket ERYSINC S4 FO 

Erysimum repandum Spreading Wallflower ERYSREP SE2 FO 

Erysimum sp Erysimum Species ERYS-SP FO 

Erythronium albidum White Trout Lily ERYTALB S4 FO 

Erythronium americanum ssp. americanum Yellow Trout Lily ERYTAMA S5 FO 

Erythronium sp Trout Lily Species ERYT-SP FO 

Euonymus alata Winged Euonymus EUONALA SE2 SH 

Euonymus atropurpurea var. atropurpurea Burning Bush EUONATA S3 SH 

Euonymus europaea European Euonymus EUONEUR SE2 SH 

Euonymus fortunei Winter Creeper EUONFOR SE1 SH 

Euonymus obovata Running Strawberry-bush EUONOBO S5 SH 

Euonymus sp Euonymus Species EUON-SP SH 

21



Eupatorium altissimum Tall Boneset EUPAALT S1 FO 

Eupatorium coelestinum Mistflower EUPACOE SE1 FO 

Eupatorium maculatum ssp. maculatum Spotted Joe-pye-weed EUPAMAM S5 FO 

Eupatorium perfoliatum Common Boneset EUPAPER S5 FO 

Eupatorium purpureum var. purpureum Purple Joe-pye-weed EUPAPUP S4 FO 

Eupatorium rugosum White Snakeroot EUPARUG S5 FO 

Eupatorium serotinum Late-flowering Joe-pye-weed EUPASER SE1 FO 

Eupatorium sp Joe-pye-weed Species EUPA-SP FO 

Euphorbia commutata Wood Spurge EUPHCOM S1 FO 

Euphorbia corollata Blooming Spurge EUPHCOR S4 FO 

Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress Spurge EUPHCYP SE5 FO 

Euphorbia dentata Toothed Spurge EUPHDEN SE4 FO 

Euphorbia esula Hungarian Spurge EUPHESU SE5 FO 

Euphorbia exigua Dwarf Spurge EUPHEXI SE1 FO 

Euphorbia helioscopia Sun Spurge EUPHHEL SE3 FO 

Euphorbia lathyris Caper Spurge EUPHLAT SE1 FO 

Euphorbia lucida Shiny Spurge EUPHLUC SE1 FO 

Euphorbia marginata Ghostweed EUPHMAR SE2 FO 

Euphorbia obtusata Blunt Spurge EUPHOBT S1 FO 

Euphorbia peplus Petty Spurge EUPHPEP SE4 FO 

Euphorbia platyphyllos Broad-leaved Spurge EUPHPLA SE4 FO 

Euphorbia sp Spurge Species EUPH-SP FO 

Euphrasia stricta European Eyebright EUPHSTR SE4 FO 

Euthamia caroliniana Coastal Plain Goldentop EUTHCAR S1 FO 

Euthamia graminifolia if Common Goldentop EUTHGRA S5 FO 

Euthamia gymnospermoides Viscid Grass-leaved Goldenrod EUTHGYM S1 FO 

Fagopyrum esculentum Buckwheat FAGOESC SE3 FO 

Fagus grandifolia American Beech FAGUGRA S4 TR 

Fern sp Fern Species FERN-SP FE 

Festuca arundinacea Tall Fescue FESTARU SE5 GR 

Festuca filiformis Hair Fescue FESTFIL SE2 GR 

Festuca occidentalis Western Fescue FESTOCC S4 GR 

Festuca pratensis Meadow Fescue FESTPRA SE5 GR 

Festuca rubra Red Fescue FESTRUB S5 GR 

Festuca saximontana Rocky Mountain Fescue FESTSAX S4 GR 

Festuca sp Fescue Species FEST-SP GR 

Festuca subverticillata Nodding Fescue FESTSUB S4 GR 

Festuca trachyphylla Hard Fescue FESTTRA SE4 GR 

Fimbristylis autumnalis Low Fimbristylis FIMBAUT S4 SE 

Fimbristylis puberula var. puberula Hairy Fimbristylis FIMBPUP S1 SE 

Floerkea proserpinacoides False Mermaid FLOEPRO S4 FO 

Foeniculum vulgare Fennel FOENVUL SE3 FO 

Forb sp Forb Species FORB-SP FO 

Forsythia viridissima Forsythia FORSVIR SE2 SH 

Fragaria sp Strawberry Species FRAG-SP FO 

Fragaria vesca ssp. americana Woodland Strawberry FRAGVEA S5 FO 

Fragaria virginiana ssp. virginiana Common Strawberry FRAGVIV S5 FO 

Frasera caroliniensis American Columbo FRASCAR S2 FO 

22



Fraxinus americana White Ash FRAXAME S5 TR 

Fraxinus excelsior European Ash FRAXEXC SE2 TR 

Fraxinus nigra Black Ash FRAXNIG S5 TR 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Red Ash FRAXPEN S5 TR 

Fraxinus profunda Pumpkin Ash FRAXPRO S2 TR 

Fraxinus quadrangulata Blue Ash FRAXQUA S3 TR 

Fraxinus sp Ash Species FRAX-SP TR 

Froelichia gracilis Slender Froelichia FROEGRA SE1 FO 

Fumaria officinalis Fumitory FUMAOFF SE3 FO 

Gaillardia aristata Blanket-flower GAILARI SE1 FO 

Gaillardia pulchella Showy Gaillardia GAILPUL SE1 FO 

Galearis spectabilis Showy Orchis GALISPC S4 FO 

Galeopsis sp Hempnettle Species GALE-SP FO 

Galeopsis speciosa Large-flowered Hempnettle GALESPE SE1 FO 

Galeopsis tetrahit Ironwort GALETET SE5 FO 

Galinsoga parviflora Potato-weed GALIPAR SE FO 

Galinsoga quadriradiata Quick Weed GALIQUA SE5 FO 

Galium aparine Cleavers GALIAPA S5 FO 

Galium asprellum Rough Bedstraw GALIASP S5 FO 

Galium boreale Northern Bedstraw GALIBOR S5 FO 

Galium brevipes Short-stalked Bedstraw GALIBRE S2S3 FO 

Galium circaezans White Wild Licorice GALICIR S5 FO 

Galium concinnum Shining Bedstraw GALICON S1 FO 

Galium labradoricum Labrador Marsh Bedstraw GALILAB S5 FO 

Galium lanceolatum l Spear Wild Licorice i GALILAN S5 FO 

Galium mollugo Smooth Bedstraw GALIMOL SE5 FO 

Galium obtusum Blunt-leaved Bedstraw GALIOBT S4S5 FO 

Galium palustre Marsh Bedstraw GALIPAL S5 FO 

Galium pilosum var. pilosum Hairy Bedstraw GALIPIP S3 FO 

Galium sp Bedstraw Species GALI-SP FO 

Galium tinctorium Stiff Marsh Bedstraw GALITIN S5 FO 

Galium trifidum ssp. trifidum Small Bedstraw GALITRT S5 FO 

Galium triflorum Fragrant Bedstraw GALITRI S5 FO 

Galium verum Yellow Bedstraw GALIVER SE4 FO 

Gaultheria hispidula Creeping Snowberry GAULHIS S5 SH 

Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen GAULPRO S5 SH 

Gaultheria sp Gaultheria Species GAUL-SP SH 

Gaura biennis Biennial Gaura GAURBIE S3 FO 

Gaura coccinea Scarlet Gaura GAURCOC SE1 FO 

Gaura longiflora Common Gaura GAURLON SE1 FO 

Gaylussacia baccata Black Huckleberry GAYLBAC S4 SH 

Gentiana andrewsii Closed Gentian GENTAND S4 FO 

Gentiana flavida Yellowish Gentian GENTFLA S1 FO 

Gentiana linearis Narrow-leaved Gentian GENTLIN S4 FO 

Gentiana rubricaulis Purple-stem Gentian GENTRUB S4 FO 

Gentiana sp Gentian Species GENT-SP FO 

Gentianella quinquefolia ssp. occidentalis Stiff Gentian GENTQUO S2 FO 

Gentianopsis crinita Fringed Gentian GENTCRI S5 FO 

23



Gentianopsis virgata Small Fringed Gentian GENTVIR S4 FO 

Geocaulon lividum Northern Commandra GEOCLIV S5 FO 

Geranium bicknellii Bicknell's Geranium GERABIC S4 FO 

Geranium carolinianum var. confertiflorum Carolina Crane's-bill GERACAC S4 FO 

Geranium columbinum Long-stalked Crane's-bill GERACOL SE1 FO 

Geranium maculatum Spotted Crane's-bill GERAMAC S5 FO 

Geranium molle Dove's-foot Crane's-bill GERAMOL SE1 FO 

Geranium pusillum Small-flowered Crane's-bill GERAPUS SE4 FO 

Geranium pyrenaicum Hedgerow Crane's-bill GERAPYR SE1 FO 

Geranium robertianum Herb Robert GERAROB SE5 FO 

Geranium sanguineum Bloody Crane's-bill GERASAN SE1 FO 

Geranium sp Crane's-bill Species GERA-SP FO 

Geum aleppicum Yellow Avens GEUMALE S5 FO 

Geum canadense White Avens GEUMCAN S5 FO 

Geum laciniatum Rough Avens GEUMLAC S4 FO 

Geum rivale Water Avens GEUMRIV S5 FO 

Geum sp Avens Species GEUM-SP FO 

Geum triflorum Prairie Smoke GEUMTRI S4 FO 

Geum urbanum Wood Avens GEUMURB SE2 FO 

Geum vernum Spring Avens GEUMVER S4 FO 

Geum virginianum Pale Avens GEUMVIR S1 FO 

Glechoma hederacea Ground Ivy GLECHED SE5 FO 

Gleditsia triacanthos Honey Locust GLEDTRI S2 TR 

Glyceria borealis Northern Glyceria GLYCBOR S5 GR 

Glyceria canadensis Rattlesnake Glyceria GLYCCAN S4S5 GR 

Glyceria grandis American Glyceria GLYCGRA S4S5 GR 

Glyceria maxima Tall Glyceria GLYCMAI SE4 GR 

Glyceria septentrionalis Eastern Glyceria GLYCSEP S4 GR 

Glyceria sp Glyceria Species GLYC-SP GR 

Glyceria striata Fowl Glyceria GLYCSTR S4S5 GR 

Glycine max Soybean GLYCMAX SE2 FO 

Glycyrrhiza lepidota Wild Licorice GLYCLEP S3 FO 

Gnaphalium macounii Northern Cudweed GNAPMAC S5 FO 

Gnaphalium obtusifolium Fragrant Cudweed GNAPOBT S5 FO 

Gnaphalium uliginosum Marsh Cudweed GNAPULI SE5 FO 

Goodyera oblongifolia Menzies Rattlesnake Plantain GOODOBL S4 FO 

Goodyera pubescens Downy Rattlesnake Plantain GOODPUB S4 FO 

Goodyera repens Dwarf Rattlesnake Plantain GOODREP S5 FO 

Goodyera sp Rattlesnake Plantain Species GOOD-SP FO 

Goodyera tesselata Checkered Rattlesnake Plantain GOODTES S4S5 FO 

Grass sp Grass Species GRAS-SP GR 

Gratiola aurea Golden Hedge-hyssop GRATAUR S4 FO 

Gratiola neglecta Clammy Hedge-hyssop GRATNEG S4 FO 

Gratiola quartermaniae Limestone Hedge-hyssop GRATQUA S2 FO 

Grindelia squarrosa Curly Cup Gumweed GRINSQU SE3 FO 

Gymnocarpium dryopteris Common Oak Fern GYMNDRD S5 FE 

Gymnocarpium robertianum Limestone Oak Fern GYMNROB S2 FE 

Gymnocladus dioicus Kentucky Coffee-tree GYMNDIO S2 TR 

24



Gypsophila elegans Annual Baby's-breath GYPSELE SE1 FO 

Gypsophila muralis Low Baby's-breath GYPSMUR SE1 FO 

Gypsophila paniculata Tall Baby's-breath GYPSPAN SE3 FO 

Hackelia deflexa Spurred Stickseed HACKDEF S5 FO 

Hackelia virginiana Virginia Stickseed HACKVIR S5 FO 

Halenia deflexa ssp. deflexa Spurred Gentian HALEDED S5 FO 

Hamamelis virginiana Witch-hazel HAMAVIR S5 SH 

Hedeoma hispidum Rough Pennyroyal HEDEHIS S4 FO 

Hedeoma pulegioides American Pennyroyal HEDEPUL S4 FO 

Hedyotis caerulea Bluets HEDYCAE SH FO 

Hedyotis longifolia Long-leaved Bluets HEDYLON S4 FO 

Helenium autumnale Sneezeweed HELEAUT S5 FO 

Helenium flexuosum Purple-headed Sneezeweed HELEFLE SE2 FO 

Helianthemum bicknellii Bicknell's Frostweed HELIBIC S4 FO 

Helianthemum canadense Frost-wort HELICAN S3 FO 

Helianthus annuus ssp. annuus Common Sunflower HELIANA SE FO 

Helianthus decapetalus Thin-leaved Sunflower HELIDEC S5 FO 

Helianthus divaricatus Rough Woodland Sunflower HELIDIV S5 FO 

Helianthus giganteus Tall Wild Sunflower HELIGIG S5 FO 

Helianthus grosseserratus Saw-toothed Sunflower HELIGRO SE1 FO 

Helianthus hirsutus Stiff-haired Sunflower HELIHIR SE FO 

Helianthus mollis Hairy Sunflower HELIMOL SE1 FO 

Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. pauciflorus Stiff Sunflower HELIPAP SE FO 

Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus Prairie Sunflower HELIPAS S2S3 FO 

Helianthus petiolaris i ssp. petiolaris i Plains Sunflower HELIPEP SE1 FO 

Helianthus sp Sunflower Species HELI-SP FO 

Helianthus strumosus Pale-leaved Wood Sunflower HELISTR S5 FO 

Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem Artichoke HELITUB S5 FO 

Heliopsis helianthoides Sweet Ox-eye HELIHEL S5 FO 

Hemerocallis fulva Tawny Day-lily HEMEFUL SE5 FO 

Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus Yellow Day-lily HEMELIL SE4 FO 

Heracleum lanatum Cow-parsnip HERALAN S5 FO 

Herniaria glabra Smooth Rupturewort HERNGLA SE1 FO 

Hesperis matronalis Dame's Rocket HESPMAT SE5 FO 

Heteranthera dubia Water Star-grass HETEDUB S5 FO 

Heuchera americana var. americana Rock-geranium HEUCAMA S2 FO 

Hibiscus moscheutos ssp. moscheutos Swamp Rose-mallow HIBIMOM S3 FO 

Hibiscus trionum Flower-of-an-hour HIBITRI SE4 FO 

Hieracium aurantiacum Orange Hawkweed HIERAUR SE5 FO 

Hieracium caespitosum ssp. caespitosum Field Hawkweed HIERCAC SE5 FO 

Hieracium gronovii Hairy Hawkweed HIERGRO S3 FO 

Hieracium kalmii Kalm's Hawkweed HIERKAL SU FO 

Hieracium lachenalii Showy Hawkweed HIERLAC SE2 FO 

Hieracium murorum Golden Lungwort HIERMUR SE1 FO 

Hieracium paniculatum Panicled Hawkweed HIERPAN S2 FO 

Hieracium pilosella Mouse-ear Hawkweed HIERPLO SE5 FO 

Hieracium piloselloides Glaucous King Devil HIERPIL SE5 FO 

Hieracium scabriusculum Northern Hawkweed HIERSCA SE FO 

25



Hieracium scabrum Rough Hawkweed HIERSCB S4 FO 

Hieracium sp Hawkweed Species HIER-SP FO 

Hieracium umbellatum Narrow-leaved Hawkweed HIERUMB SE FO 

Hieracium venosum Rattlesnake Weed HIERVEN S2 FO 

Hieracium X floribundum King Devil Hawkweed HIERFLO SHBE5 FO 

Hierochloe odorata Sweet Grass HIERODO S4 GR 

Hippuris vulgaris Mare's-tail HIPPVUL S5 FO 

Holcus lanatus Velvet Grass HOLCLAN SE2 GR 

Holosteum umbellatum Umbelled Jagged Chickweed HOLOUMB SE2 FO 

Hordeum jubatum ssp. jubatum Squirrel-tail Grass HORDJUJ SE5 GR 

Hordeum vulgare Barley HORDVUL SE2 GR 

Hudsonia tomentosa Sand Heather HUDSTOM S3 SH 

Humulus japonicus Japanese Hop HUMUJAP SE3 VI 

Humulus lupulus var. lupulus European Common Hop HUMULUL S4 VI 

Huperzia lucidula Shining Clubmoss HUPELUC S5 FE 

Hybanthus concolor Green Violet HYBACON S2 FO 

Hydrastis canadensis Golden Seal HYDRCAN S2 FO 

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae European Frog-bit HYDRMOR SE5 FO 

Hydrocotyle americana Marsh Pennywort HYDRAME S5 FO 

Hydrophyllum appendiculatum Appendaged Water-leaf HYDRAPP S2 FO 

Hydrophyllum canadense Canada Waterleaf HYDRCND S4 FO 

Hydrophyllum sp Water-leaf Species HYDR-SP FO 

Hydrophyllum virginianum Virginia Water-leaf HYDRVIR S5 FO 

Hymenoxys herbacea Lakeside Daisy HYMEHER S3 FO 

Hyoscyamus niger Hog's-bean HYOSNIG SE1 FO 

Hypericum ascyron Great St. John's-wort HYPEASC S3 FO 

Hypericum canadense Canadian St. John's-wort HYPECAN S4 FO 

Hypericum ellipticum Pale St. John's-wort HYPEELL S5 FO 

Hypericum gentianoides False St. John's-wort HYPEGEN S1 FO 

Hypericum kalmianum Kalm's St. John's-wort HYPEKAL S4 SH 

Hypericum majus Larger Canadian St. John's-wort HYPEMAJ S5 FO 

Hypericum mutilum ssp. boreale Northern St. John's-wort HYPEMUB S5 FO 

Hypericum mutilum ssp. mutilum Dwarf St. John's-wort HYPEMUM S5 FO 

Hypericum perforatum Common St. John's-wort HYPEPER SE5 FO 

Hypericum prolificum Shrubby St. John's-wort HYPEPRO S2 SH 

Hypericum punctatum Spotted St. John's-wort HYPEPUN S5 FO 

Hypericum sp St. John's-wort Species HYPE-SP FO 

Hypericum sphaerocarpum Round-fruited St. John's-wort HYPESPH S1 FO 

Hypoxis hirsuta Yellow Star-grass HYPOHIR S3 FO 

Hyssopus officinalis Hyssop HYSSOFF SE2 FO 

Iberis umbellata Globe Candytuft IBERUMB SE1 FO 

Ilex verticillata Winterberry ILEXVER S5 SH 

Impatiens capensis Spotted Jewel-weed IMPACAP S5 FO 

Impatiens glandulifera Pink Jewel-weed IMPAGLA SE4 FO 

Impatiens pallida Pale Jewel-weed IMPAPAL S5 FO 

Impatiens sp Jewel-weed Species IMPA-SP FO 

Inula helenium Elecampane INULHEL SE5 FO 

Ipomoea hederacea Ivy-leaved Morning-glory IPOMHED SE1 VI 

26



Ipomoea pandurata Wild Potato-vine IPOMPAN S1 VI 

Ipomoea purpurea Tall Morning-glory IPOMPUR SE2 VI 

Ipomopsis rubra Standing Cypress IPOMRUB SE1 FO 

Iris brevicaulis Leafy Blue-flag IRISBRE S1 FO 

Iris germanica German Iris IRISGER SE1 FO 

Iris lacustris Dwarf Lake Iris IRISLAC S3 FO 

Iris pseudacorus Yellow Iris IRISPSE SE3 FO 

Iris sp Iris Species IRIS-SP FO 

Iris versicolor Northern Blue-flag IRISVER S5 FO 

Iris virginica Southern Blue-flag IRISVIR S5 FO 

Isoetes echinospora Spiny-spored Quillwort ISOEECH S5 FE 

Isoetes engelmannii Engelmann's Quillwort ISOEENG S1 FE 

Isoetes lacustris Lake Quillwort ISOELAC S4 FE 

Isoetes riparia Riverbank Quillwort ISOERIP S3 FE 

Isoetes sp Quillwort Species ISOE-SP FE 

Isoetes tuckermanii Tuckerman's Quillwort ISOETUC S1 FE 

Isotria medeoloides Small Whorled Pogonia ISOTMED S1 FO 

Isotria sp Whorled Pogonia Species ISOT-SP FO 

Isotria verticillata Large Whorled Pogonia ISOTVER S1 FO 

Iva xanthifolia False Ragweed IVA-XAN SE1 FO 

Jeffersonia diphylla Twinleaf JEFFDIP S4 FO 

Juglans cinerea Butternut JUGLCIN S3 TR 

Juglans nigra Black Walnut JUGLNIG S4 TR 

Juglans regia Persian Walnut JUGLREG SE1 TR 

Juglans sp Walnut Species JUGL-SP TR 

Juncus acuminatus Sharp-fruited Rush JUNCACU S3 RU 

Juncus alpinoarticulatus Alpine Rush JUNCALP S5 RU 

Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush JUNCART S5 RU 

Juncus balticus Wire Rush JUNCBAL S5 RU 

Juncus biflorus Two-flowered Rush JUNCBIF S1 RU 

Juncus brachycarpus Short-fruited Rush JUNCBRA S1 RU 

Juncus brachycephalus Small-headed Rush JUNCBCE S4S5 RU 

Juncus brevicaudatus Short-tailed Rush JUNCBRE S5 RU 

Juncus bufonius Toad Rush JUNCBUF S5 RU 

Juncus canadensis Canada Rush JUNCCAN S5 RU 

Juncus compressus Flat-stem Rush JUNCCOM SE5 RU 

Juncus dudleyi Dudley's Rush JUNCDUD S5 RU 

Juncus effusus ssp. solutus Soft Rush JUNCEFS S5 RU 

Juncus filiformis Filiform Rush JUNCFIL S4S5 RU 

Juncus gerardii Blackgrass Rush JUNCGER SE3 RU 

Juncus greenei Green's Rush JUNCGRE S3 RU 

Juncus inflexus Hard Rush JUNCINF SE1 RU 

Juncus longistylis Long-styled Rush JUNCLON S3 RU 

Juncus marginatus Grass-leaved Rush JUNCMAR S3 RU 

Juncus militaris Bayonet Rush JUNCMIL S4 RU 

Juncus nodosus Knotted Rush JUNCNOD S5 RU 

Juncus pelocarpus Brown-fruited Rush JUNCPEL S5 RU 

Juncus pylaei Rush JUNCPYL S5 RU 

27



Juncus secundus Secund Rush JUNCSEC S3 RU 

Juncus sp Rush Species JUNC-SP RU 

Juncus subtilis Creeping Rush JUNCSUB S3 RU 

Juncus tenuis Path Rush JUNCTEN S5 RU 

Juncus torreyi Torrey's Rush JUNCTOR S5 RU 

Juncus vaseyi Vasey's Rush JUNCVAS S3 RU 

Juniperus communis Common Juniper JUNICOM S5 SH 

Juniperus horizontalis Creeping Juniper JUNIHOR S5 SH 

Juniperus sp Juniper Species JUNI-SP SH 

Juniperus virginiana Eastern Red Cedar JUNIVIR S5 TR 

Justicia americana Water Willow JUSTAME S1 FO 

Kalmia angustifolia Sheep Laurel KALMANG S5 SH 

Kalmia polifolia Bog Laurel KALMPOL S5 SH 

Kalmia sp Laurel Species KALM-SP SH 

Knautia arvensis Bluebuttons KNAUARV SE1 FO 

Kochia scoparia Summer Cypress KOCHSCO SE5 FO 

Koeleria macrantha Junegrass KOELMAC S4 GR 

Krigia biflora var. biflora Two-flowered Cynthia KRIGBIB S2 FO 

Krigia virginica Dwarf Dandelion KRIGVIR S1 FO 

Lactuca biennis Tall Blue Lettuce LACTBIE S5 FO 

Lactuca canadensis Tall Lettuce LACTCAN S5 FO 

Lactuca floridana var. floridana False Lettuce LACTFLF S2 FO 

Lactuca hirsuta Hairy Wood Lettuce LACTHIR S4 FO 

Lactuca saligna Willow-leaved Lettuce LACTSAL SE1 FO 

Lactuca sativa Garden Lettuce LACTSAT SE1 FO 

Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce LACTSER SE5 FO 

Lactuca sp Lettuce Species LACT-SP FO 

Lamium album White Dead-nettle LAMIALB SE1 FO 

Lamium amplexicaule Henbit Dead-nettle LAMIAMP SE3 FO 

Lamium purpureum Purple Dead-nettle LAMIPUR SE3 FO 

Laportea canadensis Wood Nettle LAPOCAN S5 FO 

Lappula squarrosa ssp. squarrosa Two-row Stickweed LAPPSQS SE5 FO 

Lapsana communis Nipplewort LAPSCOM SE5 FO 

Larix decidua European Larch LARIDEC SE2 TR 

Larix laricina Tamarack LARILAR S5 TR 

Larix sp Larch Species LARI-SP TR 

Lathyrus japonicus Beach Pea LATHJAP S4 VI 

Lathyrus latifolius Everlasting Pea LATHLAT SE4 VI 

Lathyrus ochroleucus Pale Vetchling LATHOCH S4 VI 

Lathyrus odoratus Sweet Pea LATHODO SE1 VI 

Lathyrus palustris Marsh Vetchling LATHPAL S5 VI 

Lathyrus pratensis Yellow Vetchling LATHPRA SE2 VI 

Lathyrus sp Vetchling Species LATH-SP VI 

Lathyrus sylvestris Wood Pea LATHSYL SE3 VI 

Lathyrus tuberosus Tuberous Vetchling LATHTUB SE3 VI 

Lathyrus venosus Veiny Pea LATHVEN S4 VI 

Lechea intermedia Savanna Pinweed LECHINT S4 FO 

Lechea pulchella var. pulchella Pretty Pinweed LECHPUP S1 FO 

28



Lechea sp Pinweed Species LECH-SP FO 

Lechea villosa Hairy Pinweed LECHVIL S3 FO 

Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea LEDUGRO S5 SH 

Leersia oryzoides Rice Cut Grass LEERORY S5 GR 

Leersia sp Cut Grass Species LEER-SP GR 

Leersia virginica White Grass LEERVIR S4 GR 

Lemna minor Lesser Duckweed LEMNMIN S5 FO 

Lemna sp Duckweed Species LEMN-SP FO 

Lemna trisulca Star Duckweed LEMNTRI S5 FO 

Leontodon autumnalis ssp. autumnalis Fall Hawkbit LEONAUA SE5 FO 

Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoides Rough Hawkbit LEONTAT SE1 FO 

Leonurus cardiaca ssp. cardiaca Motherwort LEONCAC SE5 FO 

Lepidium campestre Field Cress LEPICAM SE5 FO 

Lepidium densiflorum Common Pepper-grass LEPIDEN SE5 FO 

Lepidium perfoliatum Clasping Pepper-grass LEPIPER SE1 FO 

Lepidium ruderale Narrow-leaved Pepper-grass LEPIRUD SE3 FO 

Lepidium sativum Garden Cress LEPISAT SE2 FO 

Lepidium sp Pepper-grass Species LEPI-SP FO 

Lepidium virginicum Virginia Pepper-grass LEPIVIR S5 FO 

Leptochloa acuminata Sprangletop LEPTACU SE3 GR 

Lespedeza capitata Round-headed Bush-clover LESPCAP S4 FO 

Lespedeza cuneata Chinese Bush-clover LESPCUN SE1 SH 

Lespedeza hirta Hairy Bush-clover LESPHIR S4 FO 

Lespedeza intermedia Wand-like Bush-clover LESPINT S4 FO 

Lespedeza procumbens Trailing Bush-clover LESPPRO S1 FO 

Lespedeza sp Bush-clover Species LESP-SP FO 

Lespedeza thunbergii Thunberg's Bush-clover LESPTHU SE1 SH 

Lespedeza violacea Violet Bush-clover LESPVIO S1 FO 

Lespedeza virginica Slender Bush-clover LESPVIR S1 FO 

Leucophysalis grandiflora Large White Ground-cherry LEUCGRA S3 FO 

Leucospora multifida Much-cleft Conobea LEUCMUL S2 FO 

Levisticum officinale Lovage LEVIOFF SE1 FO 

Leymus arenarius Lyme Grass LEYMARE SE1 GR 

Liatris aspera var. intermedia Rough Blazing Star LIATASI S2 FO 

Liatris cylindracea Cylindric Blazing Star LIATCYL S3 FO 

Liatris sp Blazing Star Species LIAT-SP FO 

Liatris spicata Spiked Blazing Star LIATSPI S3 FO 

Lichen sp Lichen Species LICH-SP LC 

Ligustrum ovalifolium Oval-leaved Privet LIGUOVA SE1 SH 

Ligustrum vulgare Common Privet LIGUVUL SE5 SH 

Lilium canadense Canada Lily LILICAN S1 FO 

Lilium lancifolium Tiger Lily LILILAN SE1 FO 

Lilium michiganense Michigan Lily LILIMIC S5 FO 

Lilium philadelphicum Wood Lily LILIPHI S5 FO 

Lilium sp Lily Species LILI-SP FO 

Linaria canadensis Blue Toadflax LINACAN S1 FO 

Linaria genistifolia ssp. dalmatica Toadflax LINAGED SE3 FO 

Linaria sp Toadflax Species LINA-SP FO 

29



Linaria vulgaris Butter-and-eggs LINAVUL SE5 FO 

Lindera benzoin Spicebush LINDBEN S5 SH 

Lindernia dubia var. anagallidea Slender False Pimpernel LINDDUA S1 FO 

Lindernia dubia var. dubia False Pimpernel LINDDUD S4 FO 

Linnaea borealis ssp. longiflora Twinflower LINNBOL S5 SH 

Linum catharticum Dwarf Flax LINUCAT SE2 FO 

Linum medium var. medium Stiff Yellow Flax LINUMEM S3 FO 

Linum medium var. texanum Small Yellow Flax LINUMET S1 FO 

Linum perenne Perennial Blue Flax LINUPER SE3 FO 

Linum sp Yellow Flax Species LINU-SP FO 

Linum striatum Ridged Yellow Flax LINUSTR S1 FO 

Linum sulcatum Grooved Yellow Flax LINUSUL S3 FO 

Linum usitatissimum Common Flax LINUUSI SE3 FO 

Linum virginianum Slender Yellow Flax LINUVIR S2 FO 

Liparis liliifolia Lily-leaved Twayblade LIPALIL S2 FO 

Liparis loeselii Loesel's Twayblade LIPALOE S4S5 FO 

Lipocarpha micrantha Small-flowered Lipocarpha LIPOMIC S2 SE 

Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip Tree LIRITUL S4 TR 

Listera auriculata Auricled Twayblade LISTAUR S3 FO 

Listera australis Southern Twayblade LISTAUS S2 FO 

Listera convallarioides Broad-lipped Twayblade LISTCON S4 FO 

Listera cordata Heart-leaved Twayblade LISTCOR S5 FO 

Listera sp Twayblade Species LIST-SP FO 

Lithospermum canescens Hoary Puccoon LITHCAN S3 FO 

Lithospermum caroliniense i var. croceum Plains Puccoon LITHCAC S3 FO 

Lithospermum incisum Fringed Puccoon LITHINC S1 FO 

Lithospermum latifolium American Gromwell LITHLAT S3 FO 

Lithospermum officinale Common Gromwell LITHOFF SE5 FO 

Lithospermum sp Gromwell Species LITH-SP FO 

Littorella americana American Shore-grass LITTAME S3 FO 

Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower LOBECAR S5 FO 

Lobelia dortmanna Water Lobelia LOBEDOR S4 FO 

Lobelia inflata Indian Tobacco LOBEINF S5 FO 

Lobelia kalmii Kalm's Lobelia LOBEKAL S5 FO 

Lobelia siphilitica Great Blue Lobelia LOBESIP S5 FO 

Lobelia sp Lobelia Species LOBE-SP FO 

Lobelia spicata Pale-spiked Lobelia LOBESPI S4 FO 

Lobularia maritima Sweet Alyssum LOBUMAR SE2 FO 

Logfia arvensis Filago LOGFARV SE1 FO 

Lolium perenne Perennial Rye Grass LOLIPER SE4 GR 

Lolium sp Rye Grass Species LOLI-SP GR 

Lonicera canadensis Fly Honeysuckle LONICAN S5 SH 

Lonicera caprifolium European Honeysuckle LONICAP SE1 VW 

Lonicera dioica Glaucous Honeysuckle LONIDIO S5 VW 

Lonicera hirsuta Hairy Honeysuckle LONIHIR S5 VW 

Lonicera japonica Japanese Honeysuckle LONIJAP SE2 VW 

Lonicera maackii Amur Honeysuckle LONIMAA SE2 SH 

Lonicera morrowii Morrow's Honeysuckle LONIMOR SE3 SH 

30



Lonicera oblongifolia Swamp Fly Honeysuckle LONIOBL S4S5 SH 

Lonicera sp Honeysuckle Species LONI-SP SH 

Lonicera tatarica Tartarian Honeysuckle LONITAT SE5 SH 

Lonicera villosa Mountain Fly Honeysuckle LONIVIL S5 SH 

Lonicera X bella Showy Fly Honeysuckle LONIBEL SHBE2 SH 

Lonicera xylosteum European Fly Honeysuckle LONIXYL SE2 SH 

Lotus corniculatus Bird's-foot Trefoil LOTUCOR SE5 FO 

Ludwigia alternifolia Seedbox LUDWALT S1 FO 

Ludwigia palustris Marsh Purslane LUDWPAL S5 FO 

Ludwigia polycarpa Many-fruited Ludwigia LUDWPOL S2S3 FO 

Ludwigia sp Seedbox Species LUDW-SP FO 

Lunaria annua Annual Honesty LUNAANN SE2 FO 

Lupinus perennis ssp. perennis Wild Lupine LUPIPEP S3 FO 

Lupinus polyphyllus Many-leaved Lupine LUPIPOL SE4 FO 

Luzula acuminata Hairy Woodrush LUZUACU S5 RU 

Luzula echinata Hedgehog Woodrush LUZUECH S1 RU 

Luzula multiflora ssp. multiflora Common Woodrush LUZUMUM S5 RU 

Luzula sp Woodrush Species LUZU-SP RU 

Lychnis chalcedonica Scarlet Cockle LYCHCHA SE1 FO 

Lychnis coronaria Mullein Pink LYCHCOR SE3 FO 

Lycopodiella inundata Northern Bog Clubmoss LYCOIND S5 FE 

Lycopodium annotinum Bristly Clubmoss LYCOANN S5 FE 

Lycopodium clavatum Common Clubmoss LYCOCLA S5 FE 

Lycopodium dendroideum Prickly Tree Clubmoss LYCODEN S5 FE 

Lycopodium hickeyi i Hickey's Tree Clubmoss LYCOHIC S4 FE 

Lycopodium lagopus One-cone Clubmoss LYCOLAG S4 FE 

Lycopodium obscurum Ground-pine LYCOOBS S4 FE 

Lycopodium sp Clubmoss Species LYCO-SP FE 

Lycopus americanus Cut-leaved Water-horehound LYCOAME S5 FO 

Lycopus asper Western Water-horehound LYCOASP S4 FO 

Lycopus europaeus European Water-horehound LYCOEUR SE5 FO 

Lycopus rubellus Stalked Water-horehound LYCORUB S3 FO 

Lycopus sp Water-horehound Species LYCP-SP FO 

Lycopus uniflorus Northern Water-horehound LYCOUNI S5 FO 

Lycopus virginicus Virginia Water-horehound LYCOVIR S3 FO 

Lysimachia ciliata Fringed Loosestrife LYSICIL S5 FO 

Lysimachia hybrida Lowland Yellow Loosestrife LYSIHYB S1 FO 

Lysimachia nummularia Moneywort LYSINUM SE5 FO 

Lysimachia quadriflora Linear-leaved Loosestrife LYSIQUF S4 FO 

Lysimachia quadrifolia Whorled Loosestrife LYSIQUA S4 FO 

Lysimachia sp Loosestrife Species LYSI-SP FO 

Lysimachia terrestris Swamp Candles LYSITER S5 FO 

Lysimachia thyrsiflora Tufted Loosestrife LYSITHY S5 FO 

Lysimachia vulgaris Garden Loosestrife LYSIVUL SE3 FO 

Lythrum alatum Winged Lythrum LYTHALA S3 FO 

Lythrum salicaria Purple Loosestrife LYTHSAL SE5 FO 

Maclura pomifera Osage-orange MACLPOM SE2 SH 

Magnolia acuminata Cucumber Magnolia MAGNACU S2 TR 

31



Maianthemum canadense Canada Mayflower MAIACAN S5 FO 

Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum False Solomon's Seal MAIARAR S5 FO 

Maianthemum sp False Solomon's Seal Species MAIA-SP FO 

Maianthemum stellatum Starry False Solomon's Seal MAIASTE S5 FO 

Maianthemum trifolium Three-leaved Solomon's Seal MAIATRI S5 FO 

Malaxis monophyllos ssp. brachypoda White Adder's-mouth MALAMOB S4 FO 

Malaxis sp Adder's-mouth Species MALA-SP FO 

Malaxis unifolia Green Adder's-mouth MALAUNI S4S5 FO 

Malus coronaria Wild Crabapple MALUCOR S4 SH 

Malus pumila Common Apple MALUPUM SE5 SH 

Malus sp Crabapple Species MALU-SP SH 

Malva alcea European Mallow MALVALC SE1 FO 

Malva moschata Musk Mallow MALVMOS SE5 FO 

Malva neglecta Cheeses MALVNEG SE5 FO 

Malva rotundifolia Round-leaved Mallow MALVROT SE2 FO 

Malva sp Mallow Species MALV-SP FO 

Malva sylvestris High Mallow MALVSYL SE1 FO 

Malva verticillata Whorled Mallow MALVVER SE1 FO 

Marrubium vulgare White Horehound MARRVUL SE2 FO 

Marsilea quadrifolia Water-clover MARSQUA SE1 FE 

Matricaria matricarioides Pineapple Weed MATMATR SE5 FO 

Matricaria perforata Scentless Chamomile MATRPER SE FO 

Matricaria recutita German Chamomile MATRREC SE FO 

Matteuccia struthiopteris var. pensylvanica Ostrich Fern MATTSTP S5 FE 

Medeola virginiana i i Indian Cucumber-root MEDEVIR S5 FO 

Medicago lupulina Black Medick MEDILUP SE5 FO 

Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Alfalfa MEDISAS SE5 FO 

Medicago sp Medicago Species MEDI-SP FO 

Megalodonta beckii Beck's Water-marigold MEGABEC S5 FO 

Melampyrum lineare Cow-wheat MELALIN S4S5 FO 

Melica smithii Smith's Melic Grass MELISMI S4 GR 

Melilotus alba White Sweet-clover MELIALB SE5 FO 

Melilotus officinalis Yellow Sweet-clover MELIOFF SE5 FO 

Melilotus sp Sweet-clover Species MELI-SP FO 

Melissa officinalis Lemon-balm MELIOFO SE1 FO 

Menispermum canadense Moonseed MENICAN S4 VW 

Mentha arvensis ssp. borealis Wild Mint MENTARB S5 FO 

Mentha sp Mint Species MENT-SP FO 

Mentha spicata Spearmint MENTSPI SE4 FO 

Mentha suaveolens Round-leaved Mint MENTSUA SE1 FO 

Mentha X piperita Peppermint MENTPIP SHBE4 FO 

Mentha X villosa Woolly Mint MENTVIL SHBE1 FO 

Menyanthes trifoliata Common Bogbean MENYTRI S5 FO 

Mertensia virginica Virginia Bluebells MERTVIR S3 FO 

Milium effusum Wood Millet MILIEFF S4S5 GR 

Mimulus alatus Winged Monkey-flower MIMUALA S2 FO 

Mimulus moschatus Musky Monkey-flower MIMUMOS S2 FO 

Mimulus ringens Square-stemmed Monkey-flower MIMURIN S5 FO 

32



Mimulus sp Monkey-flower Species MIMU-SP FO 

Minuartia michauxii Rock Sandwort MINUMIC S5 FO 

Mirabilis hirsuta Hairy Umbrella-wort MIRAHIR SE1 FO 

Mirabilis nyctaginea Wild Four-o'clock MIRANYC S4 FO 

Miscanthus sacchariflorus Japanese Plume Grass MISCSAC SE3 GR 

Miscanthus sinensis Chinese Plume Grass MISCSIN SE1 GR 

Mitchella repens Partridge Berry MITCREP S5 SH 

Mitella diphylla Bishop's Cap MITEDIP S5 FO 

Mitella nuda Naked Mitrewort MITENUD S5 FO 

Mitella sp Bishop's Cap Species MITE-SP FO 

Moehringia lateriflora Grove Sandwort MOEHLAT S5 FO 

Mollugo verticillata Indian Chickweed MOLLVER SE5 FO 

Monarda didyma Oswego Tea MONADID S3 FO 

Monarda fistulosa Wild Bergamot MONAFIS S5 FO 

Monarda media Purple Bergamot MONAMED S1 FO 

Monarda punctata var. villicaulis Horse Mint MONAPUV S1 FO 

Monarda sp Monarda Species MONA-SP FO 

Moneses uniflora One-flowered Pyrola MONEUNF S5 FO 

Monotropa hypopithys Pinesap MONOHIP S4 FO 

Monotropa uniflora Indian-pipe MONOUNI S5 FO 

Morus alba White Mulberry MORUALB SE5 TR 

Morus alba X rubra Hybrid Mulberry MORUALR SU TR 

Morus rubra Red Mulberry MORURUB S2 TR 

Morus sp Mulberry Species MORU-SP TR 

Muhlenbergia asperifolia Scratch Grass MUHLASP SE3 GR 

Muhlenbergia frondosa Wirestem Muhly MUHLFRO S4 GR 

Muhlenbergia glomerata Marsh Muhly MUHLGLO S5 GR 

Muhlenbergia mexicana var. mexicana Leafy Satin Grass MUHLMEM S5 GR 

Muhlenbergia richardsonis Soft-leaf Muhly MUHLRIC S2S3 GR 

Muhlenbergia schreberi Niblewill MUHLSCH S4 GR 

Muhlenbergia sobolifera Rock Satin Grass MUHLSOB S1 GR 

Muhlenbergia sp Satin Grass Species MUHL-SP GR 

Muhlenbergia sylvatica var. sylvatica Woodland Satin Grass MUHLSYS S2 GR 

Muhlenbergia tenuiflora var. tenuiflora Slender Satin Grass MUHLTET S2 GR 

Muhlenbergia uniflora One-flowered Satin Grass MUHLUNI S4 GR 

Muscari botryoides Grape Hyacinth MUSCBOT SE3 FO 

Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce MYCEMUR SE2 FO 

Myosotis arvensis Field Scorpion-grass MYOSARV SE4 FO 

Myosotis discolor Two-coloured Forget-me-not MYOSDIS SE1 FO 

Myosotis laxa Small Forget-me-not MYOSLAX S5 FO 

Myosotis macrosperma Large-seeded Forget-me-not MYOSMAC S1 FO 

Myosotis scorpioides Common Forget-me-not MYOSSCO SE5 FO 

Myosotis sp Forget-me-not Species MYOS-SP FO 

Myosotis stricta Upright Forget-me-not MYOSSTR SE4 FO 

Myosotis sylvatica Woodland Forget-me-not MYOSSYL SE4 FO 

Myosotis verna Spring Forget-me-not MYOSVER S4 FO 

Myosoton aquaticum Water Chickweed MYOSAQU SE3 FO 

Myosurus minimus Mouse-tail MYOSMIN S2 FO 

33



Myrica gale Sweet Gale MYRIGAL S5 SH 

Myrica pensylvanica Bayberry MYRIPEN S1 SH 

Myriophyllum alterniflorum Loose-flowered Water-milfoil MYRIALT S4 FO 

Myriophyllum farwellii Farwell's Water-milfoil MYRIFAR S4 FO 

Myriophyllum heterophyllum Various-leaved Water-milfoil MYRIHET S4 FO 

Myriophyllum sibiricum Pale Water-milfoil MYRISIB S5 FO 

Myriophyllum sp Water-milfoil Species MYRI-SP FO 

Myriophyllum spicatum Spiked Water-milfoil MYRISPI SE5 FO 

Myriophyllum tenellum Slender Water-milfoil MYRITEN S4 FO 

Myriophyllum verticillatum Low Water-milfoil MYRIVER S5 FO 

Myrrhis odorata Scented Myrrhis MYRRODO SE1 FO 

Najas flexilis Slender Naiad NAJAFLE S5 FO 

Najas gracillima Tread-like Naiad NAJAGRA S2 FO 

Najas guadalupensis Southern Naiad NAJAGUA S3 FO 

Najas marina Spiny Naiad NAJAMAR S1 FO 

Najas minor Brittle-leaf Naiad NAJAMIN SE2 FO 

Najas sp Naiad Species NAJA-SP FO 

Narcissus pseudonarcissus Daffodil NARCPSE SE2 FO 

Narcissus sp Daffodil Species NARC-SP FO 

Nasturtium microphyllum Small-leaved Water-cress NASTMIC SE5 FO 

Nasturtium officinale Water-cress NASTOFF SE FO 

Nasturtium sp Water-cress Species NAST-SP FO 

Nelumbo lutea American Lotus NELULUT S2 FO 

Nemopanthus mucronatus Mountain-holly NEMOMUC S5 SH 

Nepeta cataria Catnip NEPECAT SE5 FO 

Neslia paniculata Yellow Ball-mustard NESLPAN SE3 FO 

Nicandra physalodes Apple-of-Peru NICAPHY SE1 FO 

Nicotiana rustica Wild Tobacco NICORUS SE1 FO 

Nigella damascena Love-in-a-mist NIGEDAM SE1 FO 

Not Applicable Not Applicable NA 

Nuphar advena Large Yellow Pond-lily NUPHADV S3 FO 

Nuphar microphylla Small Yellow Pond-lily NUPHMIC S3 FO 

Nuphar rubrodisca Red-disked Yellow Pond-lily NUPHRUB S3 FO 

Nuphar sp Pond-lily Species NUPH-SP FO 

Nuphar variegata Bulhead Pond-lily NUPHVAR S5 FO 

Nymphaea odorata ssp. odorata Small White Water-lily NYMPODD S5 FO 

Nymphaea odorata ssp. tuberosa Fragrant White Water-lily NYMPODT SU FO 

Nymphaea sp Water-lily Species NYMP-SP FO 

Nymphoides cordata Floating-heart NYMPCOR S4 FO 

Nyssa sylvatica Black Gum NYSSSYL S3 TR 

Odontites verna ssp. serotina Early Eyebright ODONVES SE1 FO 

Oenothera biennis Common Evening-primrose OENOBIE S5 FO 

Oenothera clelandii Cleland's Evening-primrose OENOCLE S1 FO 

Oenothera laciniata Cut-leaved Evening-primrose OENOLAC SE1 FO 

Oenothera nuttallii White Evening-primrose OENONUT SE1 FO 

Oenothera oakesiana Oakes' Evening-primrose OENOOAK S4 FO 

Oenothera parviflora Small-flowered Evening-primrose OENOPAR S4 FO 

Oenothera perennis Small Sundrops OENOPER S4S5 FO 

34



Oenothera pilosella ssp. pilosella Prairie Evening-primrose OENOPIP S2 FO 

Oenothera sp Evening-primrose Species OENO-SP FO 

Oenothera villosa ssp. villosa Villose Evening-primrose OENOVIV S2 FO 

Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive Fern ONOCSEN S5 FE 

Onopordum acanthium Scotch Thistle ONOPACA SE4 FO 

Onosmodium molle ssp. hispidissimum Shaggy False Gromwell ONOSMOH S2 FO 

Ophioglossum pusillum Northern Adder's-tongue OPHIPUS S4S5 FE 

Opuntia fragilis Brittle Prickly Pear Cactus OPUNFRA S3 FO 

Opuntia humifusa Eastern Prickly Pear Cactus OPUNHUM S1 FO 

Origanum vulgare Wild Marjaram ORIGVUL SE5 FO 

Ornithogalum nutans Nodding Star-of-Bethlehem ORNINUT SE1 FO 

Ornithogalum umbellatum Nap-at-noon ORNIUMB SE3 FO 

Orobanche fasciculata Clustered Cancer-root OROBFAS SH FO 

Orobanche uniflora One-flowered Cancer Root OROBUNI S4 FO 

Orthilia secunda One-sided Shinleaf ORTHSEC S5 FO 

Oryzopsis asperifolia Rough-leaved Rice Grass ORYZASP S5 GR 

Oryzopsis pungens Short-horned Rice Grass ORYZPUN S5 GR 

Oryzopsis racemosa Black-seeded Rice Grass ORYZRAC S4 GR 

Oryzopsis sp Rice Grass Species ORYZ-SP GR 

Osmorhiza claytonii Hairy Sweet-cicely OSMOCLA S5 FO 

Osmorhiza longistylis Aniseroot OSMOLON S5 FO 

Osmorhiza sp Sweet-cicely Species OSMO-SP FO 

Osmunda cinnamomea Cinnamon Fern OSMUCIN S5 FE 

Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted Fern OSMUCLA S5 FE 

Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis Royal Fern OSMURES S5 FE 

Osmunda sp Osmunda Species OSMU-SP FE 

Ostrya virginiana Ironwood OSTRVIR S5 TR 

Oxalis acetosella ssp. montana True Wood-sorrel OXALACM S5 FO 

Oxalis corniculata Creeping Wood-sorrel OXALCOR SE1 FO 

Oxalis dillenii Dillen's Wood-sorrel OXALDIL S5 FO 

Oxalis sp Wood-sorrel Species OXAL-SP FO 

Oxalis stricta Upright Yellow Wood-sorrel OXALSTR S5 FO 

Oxypolis rigidior Cowbane OXYPRIG S2 FO 

Panax quinquefolius Ginseng PANAQUI S3 FO 

Panax sp Ginseng Species PANA-SP FO 

Panax trifolius Dwarf Ginseng PANATRI S4 FO 

Panicum acuminatum Hairy Panic Grass PANIACU S5 GR 

Panicum acuminatum var. lindheimeri Lindheimer's Panic Grass PANIACL S4 GR 

Panicum boreale Northern Panic Grass PANIBOR S4 GR 

Panicum capillare Witch Panic Grass PANICAP S5 GR 

Panicum clandestinum Deer-tongue Panic Grass PANICLA S2 GR 

Panicum columbianum var. commonsianum Common's Panic Grass PANICOC S1 GR 

Panicum columbianum var. siccanum Panic Grass PANICOS S4 GR 

Panicum depauperatum Starved Panic Grass PANIDEP S4 GR 

Panicum dichotomiflorum Fall Panic Grass PANIDIF SE5 GR 

Panicum dichotomum Forked Panic Grass PANIDIC S2 GR 

Panicum flexile Wiry Panic Grass PANIFLE S4 GR 

Panicum gattingeri Gattinger's Panic Grass PANIGAT S4 GR 

35



Panicum latifolium Broad-leaved Panic Grass PANILAT S4 GR 

Panicum leibergii Prairie Panic Grass PANILEI S2 GR 

Panicum linearifolium Narrow-leaved Panic Grass PANILIN S4S5 GR 

Panicum meridionale Matted Panic Grass PANIMER S1 GR 

Panicum miliaceum Broom-corn Millet PANIMIL SE4 GR 

Panicum oligosanthes Few-flowered Panic Grass PANIOLI S4 GR 

Panicum perlongum Long-stalked Panic Grass PANIPER S2 GR 

Panicum philadelphicum Philadelphia Panic Grass PANIPHI S4 GR 

Panicum rigidulum Stiff Panic Grass PANIRIG S3 GR 

Panicum sp Panic Grass Species PANI-SP GR 

Panicum sphaerocarpon Round-fruited Panic Grass PANISPH S3 GR 

Panicum spretum Eaton's Panic Grass PANISPR S2 GR 

Panicum tuckermanii Tuckerman's Panic Grass PANITUC S4 GR 

Panicum villosissimum White-haired Panic Grass PANIVIL S3 GR 

Panicum virgatum Switch Grass PANIVIR S4 GR 

Panicum xanthophysum Slender Panic Grass PANIXAN S4 GR 

Papaver orientale Oriental Poppy PAPAORI SE1 FO 

Papaver rhoeas Corn Poppy PAPARHO SE1 FO 

Papaver somniferum Common Poppy PAPASOM SE1 FO 

Parietaria pensylvanica Pellitory PARIPEN S4 FO 

Parnassia glauca Grass-of-parnassus PARNGLA S5 FO 

Parnassia parviflora Small-flowered Grass-of-parnassus PARNPAR S4 FO 

Parnassia sp Grass-of-parnassus Species PARN-SP FO 

Paronychia canadensis Tall Forked Chickweed PAROCAN S1 FO 

Paronychia fastigiata i t var. fastigiata i t Low Forked Chickweed PAROFAF S1 FO 

Parthenocissus inserta Thicket Creeper PARTINS S5 VW 

Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper PARTQUI S4 VW 

Parthenocissus sp Virginia Creeper Species PART-SP VW 

Paspalum setaceum Slender Beadgrass PASPSET S2 GR 

Pastinaca sativa Wild Parsnip PASTSAT SE5 FO 

Pedicularis canadensis Wood-betony PEDICAN S5 FO 

Pedicularis lanceolata Swamp Lousewort PEDILAN S4 FO 

Pedicularis sp Wood-betony Species PEDI-SP FO 

Pellaea atropurpurea Purple-stem Cliff-brake PELLATR S3 FE 

Pellaea glabella ssp. glabella Smooth Cliff-brake PELLGLG S4 FE 

Peltandra virginica ssp. virginica Green Arrow-arum PELTVIV S2 FO 

Penstemon digitalis Foxglove Beard-tongue PENSDIG S4S5 FO 

Penstemon hirsutus Hairy Beard-tongue PENSHIR S4 FO 

Penstemon sp Beard-tongue Species PENS-SP FO 

Penstemon tubaeflorus Tubular-flowered Beard-tongue PENSTUB SE1 FO 

Penthorum sedoides Virginia Stonecrop PENTSED S5 FO 

Petasites frigidus Sweet Coltsfoot PETAFRI S5 FO 

Petasites japonicus Butterfly Dock PETAJAP SE1 FO 

Petrorhagia saxifraga Saxifrage Pink PETRSAX SE2 FO 

Petroselinum crispum Garden Parsley PETRCRI SE1 FO 

Petunia X hybrida Hybrid Petunia PETUHYB SHBE1 FO 

Phacelia purshii Miami-mist PHACPUR S1 FO 

Phacelia tanacetifolia Tansy-leaved Milkvetch PHACTAN SE1 FO 

36



Phalaris arundinacea Reed Canary Grass PHALARU S5 GR 

Phalaris canariensis Canary Grass PHALCAN SE2 GR 

Phalaris sp Canary Grass Species PHAL-SP GR 

Phegopteris connectilis Northern Beech Fern PHEGCON S5 FE 

Phegopteris hexagonoptera Broad Beech Fern PHEGHEX S3 FE 

Philadelphus pubescens Hairy Mock-orange PHILPUB SE1 SH 

Phleum pratense Timothy PHLEPRA SE5 GR 

Phlox divaricata Wild Blue Phlox PHLODIV S4 FO 

Phlox maculata Wild Sweet William PHLOMAC SE1 FO 

Phlox paniculata Fall Phlox PHLOPAN SE3 FO 

Phlox sp Phlox Species PHLO-SP FO 

Phlox subulata ssp. subulata Northern Moss Phlox PHLOSUS S1 FO 

Phragmites australis Common Reed PHRAAUS S5 GR 

Phryma leptostachya Lopseed PHRYLEP S4S5 FO 

Phyla lanceolata Fogfruit PHYLLAN S2 FO 

Physalis alkekengi Chinese Lantern PHYSALK SE2 FO 

Physalis heterophylla Clammy Ground-cherry PHYSHET S4 FO 

Physalis pubescens Low Hairy Ground-cherry PHYSPUB SE1 FO 

Physalis sp Ground-cherry Species PHYS-SP FO 

Physalis virginiana Smooth Ground-cherry PHYSVIR SU FO 

Physocarpus opulifolius Ninebark PHYSOPU S5 SH 

Physostegia virginiana Virginia False Dragonhead PHYSVIV S4 FO 

Phytolacca americana Pokeweed PHYTAME S4 FO 

Picea abies Norway Spruce PICEABI SE3 TR 

Picea glauca White Spruce PICEGLA S5 TR 

Picea mariana Black Spruce PICEMAR S5 TR 

Picea rubens Red Spruce PICERUB S3 TR 

Picea sp Spruce Species PICE-SP TR 

Picris hieracioides ssp. hieracioides Hawkweed Oxtongue PICRHIH SE5 FO 

Pilea fontana Spring Clearweed PILEFON S4 FO 

Pilea pumila Common Clearweed PILEPUM S5 FO 

Pilea sp Clearweed Species PILE-SP FO 

Pimpinella saxifraga Burnet Saxifrage PIMPSAX SE1 FO 

Pinguicula vulgaris Common Butterwort PINGVUL S5 FO 

Pinus banksiana Jack Pine PINUBAN S5 TR 

Pinus nigra Austrian Pine PINUNIG SE2 TR 

Pinus resinosa Red Pine PINURES S5 TR 

Pinus rigida Pitch Pine PINURIG S2 TR 

Pinus sp Pine Species PINU-SP TR 

Pinus strobus Eastern White Pine PINUSTR S5 TR 

Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine PINUSYL SE5 TR 

Piperia unalascensis Alaska Orchid PIPEUNA S4 FO 

Pisum sativum Garden Pea PISUSAT SE1 VI 

Plantago arenaria Sand Plantain PLANARE SE4 FO 

Plantago aristata Large-bracted Plantain PLANARI SE1 FO 

Plantago cordata Heart-leaved Plantain PLANCOR S1 FO 

Plantago lanceolata Ribgrass PLANLAN SE5 FO 

Plantago major Common Plantain PLANMAJ SE5 FO 

37



Plantago media Hoary Plantain PLANMED SE3 FO 

Plantago rugelii Pale Plantain PLANRUG S5 FO 

Plantago sp Plantain Species PLAN-SP FO 

Plantago virginica Dwarf Plantain PLANVIR SE1 FO 

Platanthera blephariglottis var. blephariglottis Northern White-fringed Orchid PLATBLB S4 FO 

Platanthera clavellata Club-spur Orchid PLATCLA S4S5 FO 

Platanthera dilatata Tall White Bog Orchid PLATDIL S5 FO 

Platanthera flava var. herbiola Tubercled Orchid PLATFLH S3 FO 

Platanthera grandiflora Large Purple-fringed Orchid PLATGRA S1 FO 

Platanthera hookeri Hooker's Orchid PLATHOO S3 FO 

Platanthera hyperborea Tall Northern Green Orchid PLATHYP S4 FO 

Platanthera lacera Ragged-fringed Orchid PLATLAC S4S5 FO 

Platanthera leucophaea Eastern Prairie Fringed Orchid PLATLEU S2 FO 

Platanthera macrophylla Large Round-leaf Orchid PLATMAC S2 FO 

Platanthera obtusata Blunt-leaf Rein Orchid PLATOBT S5 FO 

Platanthera orbiculata Small Round-leaf Orchid PLATORB S4S5 FO 

Platanthera psycodes Small Purple-fringed Orchid PLATPSY S5 FO 

Platanthera sp Orchid Species PLAT-SP FO 

Platanus occidentalis Sycamore PLATOCC S4 TR 

Platanus sp Sycamore Species PLTA-SP TR 

Platanus X acerifolia London Plane Tree PLATACE SHBE1 TR 

Poa alpina Alpine Blue Grass POA-ALP S4 GR 

Poa alsodes Grove Blue Grass POA-ALS S4 GR 

Poa annua Annual Blue Grass POA-ANN SE5 GR 

Poa arida Plains Blue Grass POA-ARIARI SE4 GR 

Poa bulbosa Bulbous Blue Grass POA-BUL SE3 GR 

Poa compressa Canada Blue Grass POA-COM SE5 GR 

Poa glauca ssp. glaucantha Glaucous Blue Grass POA-GLL S4 GR 

Poa languida Weak Blue Grass POA-LAN S3 GR 

Poa nemoralis Wood Blue Grass POA-NEM SE3 GR 

Poa palustris Fowl Blue Grass POA-PAL S5 GR 

Poa pratensis ssp. pratensis Kentucky Blue Grass POA-PRP S5 GR 

Poa saltuensis Two-rayed Blue Grass POA-SAL S4 GR 

Poa secunda One-sided Blue Grass POA-SEC S1 GR 

Poa sp Blue Grass Species POA--SP GR 

Poa sylvestris Woodland Blue Grass POA-SYL S2 GR 

Poa trivialis Rough Blue Grass POA-TRI SE3 GR 

Podophyllum peltatum Mayapple PODOPEL S5 FO 

Podostemum ceratophyllum River-weed PODOCER S2 FO 

Pogonia ophioglossoides Rose Pogonia POGOOPH S4S5 FO 

Polanisia dodecandra Rough-seed Clammyweed POLADOD S4 FO 

Polygala incarnata Pink Milkwort POLYINC S1 FO 

Polygala paucifolia Fringed Polygala POLYPAU S5 FO 

Polygala polygama Racemed Milkwort POLYPOL S4 FO 

Polygala sanguinea Field Milkwort POLYSAN S3 FO 

Polygala senega Seneca Snakeroot POLYSEN S4 FO 

Polygala sp Milkwort Species POGA-SP FO 

Polygala verticillata Whorled Milkwort POLYVER S4 FO 

38



Polygonatum biflorum Smooth Solomon's Seal POLYBIF S4 FO 

Polygonatum multiflorum Solomon's Seal POLYMUL SE1 FO 

Polygonatum pubescens Hairy Solomon's Seal POLYPUB S5 FO 

Polygonatum sp Solomon's Seal Species POGT-SP FO 

Polygonella articulata Coast Jointweed POLYART S4 FO 

Polygonum achoreum Striate Knotweed POLYACH S5 FO 

Polygonum amphibium Water Smartweed POLYAMP S5 FO 

Polygonum arenastrum Doorweed POLYARE SE5 FO 

Polygonum arifolium Halberd-leaved Tearthumb POLYARI S3 FO 

Polygonum aviculare Common Knotweed POLYAVI SE5 FO 

Polygonum buxiforme Boxwood Knotweed POLYBUX S4 FO 

Polygonum caespitosum Long-bristled Smartweed POLYCAE SE1 FO 

Polygonum careyi Carey's Knotweed POLYCAR S4 FO 

Polygonum cilinode Fringed Bindweed POLYCIL S5 VI 

Polygonum convolvulus Black Bindweed POLYCON SE5 VI 

Polygonum cuspidatum Japanese Knotweed POLYCUS SE4 FO 

Polygonum douglasii Douglas' Knotweed POLYDOU S4 FO 

Polygonum erectum Erect Knotweed POLYERE SH FO 

Polygonum hydropiper Common Smartweed POLYHDP SE5 FO 

Polygonum hydropiperoides Mild Water Pepper POLYHYD S5 FO 

Polygonum lapathifolium Pale Smartweed POLYLAP S5 FO 

Polygonum neglectum Narrow-leaved Knotweed POLYNEG S4 FO 

Polygonum orientale Prince's Feather POLYORI SE3 FO 

Polygonum pensylvanicum Pink Knotweed POLYPEN S5 FO 

Polygonum persicaria i Lady's Thumb POLYPER SE5 FO 

Polygonum punctatum Dotted Smartweed POLYPUN S5 FO 

Polygonum ramosissimum Bushy Knotweed POLYRAM S4 FO 

Polygonum robustius Stout Smartweed POLYROB S2 FO 

Polygonum sachalinense Giant Knotweed POLYSAC SE1 FO 

Polygonum sagittatum Arrow-leaved Tearthumb POLYSAG S4 FO 

Polygonum scandens Climbing False Buckwheat POLYSCN S4S5 VI 

Polygonum sp Smartweed Species POLY-SP FO 

Polygonum tenue var. tenue Slender Knotweed POLYTET S2 FO 

Polygonum virginianum Jumpseed POLYVIR S4 FO 

Polymnia canadensis Small-flowered Leaf-cup POLYCAN S4 FO 

Polypodium appalachianum Appalachian Polypody POLYAPP S1 FE 

Polypodium virginianum Rock Polypody POLYVIG S5 FE 

Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas Fern POLYACR S5 FE 

Polystichum braunii Braun's Holly Fern POLYBRA S3 FE 

Polystichum lonchitis Holly Fern POLYLON S4 FE 

Polystichum sp Holly Fern Species POLS-SP FE 

Pontederia cordata Pickerel-weed PONTCOR S5 FO 

Populus alba European White Poplar POPUALB SE5 TR 

Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera Balsam Poplar POPUBAB S5 TR 

Populus deltoides ssp. deltoides Eastern Cottonwood POPUDED S5 TR 

Populus grandidentata Largetooth Aspen POPUGRA S5 TR 

Populus heterophylla Swamp Cottonwood POPUHET S1 TR 

Populus nigra Lombardy Poplar POPUNIG SE4 TR 

39



Populus sp Poplar Species POPU-SP TR 

Populus tremuloides Trembling Aspen POPUTRE S5 TR 

Populus X canadensis Carolina Poplar POPUCAN SHBE1 TR 

Populus X jackii Jack's Poplar POPUJAC SHB2 TR 

Portulaca oleracea Purslane PORTOLE SE5 FO 

Potamogeton alpinus Red Pondweed POTAALP S5 FO 

Potamogeton amplifolius Large-leaved Pondweed POTAAMP S5 FO 

Potamogeton berchtoldii Berchtold's Pondweed POTABER S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton bicupulatus Snailseed Pondweed POTABIC S3 FO 

Potamogeton confervoides Alga Pondweed POTACON S2 FO 

Potamogeton crispus Curly Pondweed POTACRI SE5 FO 

Potamogeton epihydrus Ribbon-leaf Pondweed POTAEPI S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton filiformis Thread-leaf Pondweed POTAFIL S5 FO 

Potamogeton foliosus Leafy Pondweed POTAFOL S5 FO 

Potamogeton friesii Fries' Pondweed POTAFRI S4 FO 

Potamogeton gramineus Grass-leaved Pondweed POTAGRA S5 FO 

Potamogeton hillii Hill's Pondweed POTAHIL S2 FO 

Potamogeton illinoensis Illinois Pondweed POTAILL S4 FO 

Potamogeton natans Floating-leaf Pondweed POTANAT S5 FO 

Potamogeton nodosus Long-leaved Pondweed POTANOD S5 FO 

Potamogeton oakesianus Oakes' Pondweed POTAOAK S4 FO 

Potamogeton obtusifolius Blunt-leaf Pondweed POTAOBT S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton pectinatus Sago Pondweed POTAPEC S5 FO 

Potamogeton perfoliatus Clasping-leaved Pondweed POTAPER S4 FO 

Potamogeton t praelongus White-stem t Pondweed d POTAPRA S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton pusillus Small Pondweed POTAPUS S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton richardsonii Richardson's Pondweed POTARIC S5 FO 

Potamogeton robbinsii Fern Pondweed POTAROB S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton sp Pondweed Species POTA-SP FO 

Potamogeton spirillus Spiral Pondweed POTASPI S4S5 FO 

Potamogeton strictifolius Straight-leaved Pondweed POTASTR S4 FO 

Potamogeton vaginatus Big-sheath Pondweed POTAVAG S5 FO 

Potamogeton vaseyi Vasey's Pondweed POTAVAS S4 FO 

Potamogeton X hagstroemii Hagstroem's Hybrid Pondweed POTAHAG SHB1 FO 

Potamogeton X haynesii Haynes' Hybrid Pondweed POTAHAY SHB1 FO 

Potamogeton X scoliophyllus Bent-leaved Hybrid Pondweed POTASCO SHB1 FO 

Potamogeton X spathuliformis Spatulate Hybrid Pondweed POTASPA SHB1 FO 

Potamogeton X subnitens Shining Hybrid Pondweed POTASUB SHB1 FO 

Potamogeton zosteriformis Flat-stem Pondweed POTAZOS S5 FO 

Potentilla anserina ssp. anserina Silverweed POTEANA S5 FO 

Potentilla argentea Silvery Cinquefoil POTEAGT SE5 FO 

Potentilla arguta Tall Cinquefoil POTEARG S4 FO 

Potentilla canadensis Dwarf Cinquefoil POTECAN S2 FO 

Potentilla fruticosa ssp. floribunda Shrubby Cinquefoil POTEFRF S5 SH 

Potentilla inclinata Ashy Cinquefoil POTEINC SE4 FO 

Potentilla norvegica ssp. monspeliensis Rough Cinquefoil POTENOM S5 FO 

Potentilla palustris Marsh Cinquefoil POTEPAL S5 FO 

Potentilla paradoxa Bushy Cinquefoil POTEPAR S4 FO 

40



Potentilla pulcherrima Soft Cinquefoil POTEPUL S2 FO 

Potentilla recta Rough-fruited Cinquefoil POTEREC SE5 FO 

Potentilla simplex Common Cinquefoil POTESIM S5 FO 

Potentilla sp Cinquefoil Species POTE-SP FO 

Prenanthes alba White Lettuce PRENALB S5 FO 

Prenanthes altissima Tall White Lettuce PRENALT S5 FO 

Prenanthes racemosa ssp. racemosa Glaucous White Lettuce PRENRAR SU FO 

Prenanthes sp White Lettuce Species PREN-SP FO 

Primula mistassinica Dwarf Canadian Primrose PRIMMIS S4 FO 

Primula veris Cowslip PRIMVER SE1 FO 

Proserpinaca palustris Marsh Mermaid-weed PROSPAL S4 FO 

Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata Heal-all PRUNVUL S5 FO 

Prunella vulgaris ssp. vulgaris Selfheal PRUNVUV SE3 FO 

Prunus americana American Plum PRUNAME S4 SH 

Prunus avium Sweet Cherry PRUNAVI SE4 TR 

Prunus cerasus Sour Cherry PRUNCEU SE1 TR 

Prunus domestica var. domestica Common Plum PRUNDOD SE2 SH 

Prunus mahaleb Mahaleb Cherry PRUNMAH SE2 SH 

Prunus nigra Canada Plum PRUNNIG S4 SH 

Prunus pensylvanica Pin Cherry PRUNPEN S5 SH 

Prunus persica Common Peach PRUNPER SE1 SH 

Prunus pumila var. besseyi Bessey's Sand Cherry PRUNPUB S1 SH 

Prunus pumila var. pumila Sand Cherry PRUNPUP S3 SH 

Prunus pumila var. susquehanae Broad-leaved Sand Cherry PRUNPUS S4 SH 

Prunus serotina Black Cherry PRUNSER S5 TR 

Prunus sp Cherry Species PRUN-SP SH 

Prunus virginiana ssp. virginiana Choke Cherry PRUNVIV S5 SH 

Ptelea trifoliata Hop-tree PTELTRI S3 SH 

Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum Eastern Bracken Fern PTERAQL S5 FE 

Pterospora andromedea Giant Pinedrops PTERAND S2 FO 

Puccinellia distans Spreading Goose Grass PUCCDIS SE5 GR 

Puccinellia nuttalliana Nuttall's Goose Grass PUCCNUT SE1 GR 

Pycnanthemum incanum var. incanum Hoary Mountain Mint PYCNINI S1 FO 

Pycnanthemum sp Mountain Mint Species PYCN-SP FO 

Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Slender Mountain Mint PYCNTEN S3 FO 

Pycnanthemum verticillatum var. pilosum Hairy Mountain Mint PYCNVEP S1 FO 

Pycnanthemum verticillatum var. verticillatum Whorled Mountain Mint PYCNVEV S1 FO 

Pycnanthemum virginianum Virginia Mountain Mint PYCNVIR S4 FO 

Pyrola americana Round-leaved Pyrola PYROAME S4 FO 

Pyrola asarifolia Pink Pyrola PYROASA S5 FO 

Pyrola chlorantha Green-flowered Pyrola PYROCHL S4S5 FO 

Pyrola elliptica Shinleaf PYROELL S5 FO 

Pyrola sp Pyrola Species PYRO-SP FO 

Pyrus communis Common Pear PYRUCOM SE4 SH 

Quercus alba White Oak QUERALB S5 TR 

Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak QUERBIC S4 TR 

Quercus ellipsoidalis Northern Pin Oak QUERELL S3 TR 

Quercus ilicifolia Bear Oak QUERILI S1 SH 

41



Quercus macrocarpa Bur Oak QUERMAC S5 TR 

Quercus muehlenbergii Chinquapin Oak QUERMUE S4 TR 

Quercus palustris Pin Oak QUERPAL S4 TR 

Quercus prinoides Dwarf Chinquapin Oak QUERPRI S2 SH 

Quercus rubra Red Oak QUERRUB S5 TR 

Quercus shumardii Shumard Oak QUERSHU S3 TR 

Quercus sp Oak Species QUER-SP TR 

Quercus velutina Black Oak QUERVEL S4 TR 

Quercus X bebbiana Bebb's Oak QUERBEB SHB1 TR 

Quercus X hawkinsiae Hawkins' Oak QUERHAW SHB1 TR 

Ranunculus abortivus Kidney-leaf Buttercup RANUABO S5 FO 

Ranunculus acris Tall Buttercup RANUACR SE5 FO 

Ranunculus aquatilis var. diffusus White Water Crowfoot RANUAQD S4S5 FO 

Ranunculus bulbosus Bulbous Buttercup RANUBUL SE3 FO 

Ranunculus cymbalaria Seaside Crowfoot RANUCYM S4 FO 

Ranunculus fascicularis Early Buttercup RANUFAS S4 FO 

Ranunculus ficaria Lesser Celandine RANUFIC SE1 FO 

Ranunculus flabellaris Yellow Water Buttercup RANUFLA S4 FO 

Ranunculus flammula var. reptans Creeping Spearwort RANUFLR SU FO 

Ranunculus hispidus var. caricetorum Swamp Buttercup RANUHIC S5 FO 

Ranunculus hispidus var. hispidus Hairy Buttercup RANUHIH S3 FO 

Ranunculus pensylvanicus Bristly Buttercup RANUPEN S5 FO 

Ranunculus recurvatus Hooked Buttercup RANUREC S5 FO 

Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup RANUREP SE5 FO 

Ranunculus rhomboideus Prairie i Buttercup RANURHO S4 FO 

Ranunculus sceleratus var. sceleratus Cursed Crowfoot RANUSCS S5 FO 

Ranunculus sp Buttercup Species RANU-SP FO 

Raphanus raphanistrum Wild Radish RAPHRAP SE3 FO 

Raphanus sativus Garden Radish RAPHSAT SE1 FO 

Ratibida columnifera Prairie Coneflower RATICOL SE1 FO 

Ratibida pinnata Gray-headed Coneflower RATIPIN S3 FO 

Rhamnus alnifolia Alder-leaved Buckthorn RHAMALN S5 SH 

Rhamnus cathartica Common Buckthorn RHAMCAT SE5 SH 

Rhamnus frangula Glossy Buckthorn RHAMFRA SE5 SH 

Rhamnus sp Buckthorn Species RHAM-SP SH 

Rheum rhabarbarum Rhubarb RHEURHA SE2 FO 

Rhexia virginica Common Meadow-beauty RHEXVIR S4 FO 

Rhododendron canadense Rhodora RHODCAN S1 SH 

Rhus aromatica Fragrant Sumac RHUSARO S5 SH 

Rhus copallina var. latifolia Shining Sumac RHUSCOL S4 SH 

Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac RHUSGLA S5 SH 

Rhus radicans ssp. negundo Climbing Poison-ivy RHUSRAN S5 VW 

Rhus radicans ssp. rydbergii Western Poison-ivy RHUSRYD S5 SH 

Rhus sp Sumac Species RHUS-SP SH 

Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac RHUSTYP S5 SH 

Rhus vernix Poison Sumac RHUSVER S4 SH 

Rhus X pulvinata Hybrid Sumac RHUSPUL SHB2 SH 

Rhynchospora alba White Beak Rush RHYNALB S5 SE 

42



Rhynchospora capillacea Needle Beak Rush RHYNCAP S4 SE 

Rhynchospora capitellata Brown Beak Rush RHYNCPT S4 SE 

Rhynchospora fusca Gray Beak Rush RHYNFUS S4 SE 

Rhynchospora sp Beak Rush Species RHYN-SP SE 

Ribes americanum Wild Black Currant RIBEAME S5 SH 

Ribes cynosbati Prickly Gooseberry RIBECYN S5 SH 

Ribes glandulosum Skunk Currant RIBEGLA S5 SH 

Ribes hirtellum Smooth Gooseberry RIBEHIR S5 SH 

Ribes hudsonianum Northern Wild Black Currant RIBEHUD S5 SH 

Ribes lacustre Swamp Black Currant RIBELAC S5 SH 

Ribes nigrum Garden Black Currant RIBENIG SE2 SH 

Ribes odoratum Golden Currant RIBEODO SE4 SH 

Ribes rubrum Garden Red Currant RIBERUB SE5 SH 

Ribes sp Currant Species RIBE-SP SH 

Ribes triste Swamp Red Currant RIBETRI S5 SH 

Robinia pseudo-acacia Black Locust ROBIPSE SE5 TR 

Rorippa palustris ssp. fernaldiana Marsh Yellow-cress RORIPAF S5 FO 

Rorippa sylvestris Creeping Yellow-cress RORISYL SE5 FO 

Rosa acicularis ssp. sayi Prickly Wild Rose ROSAACS S5 SH 

Rosa blanda Smooth Wild Rose ROSABLA S5 SH 

Rosa canina Dog Rose ROSACAN SE2 SH 

Rosa carolina Pasture Rose ROSACAR S4 SH 

Rosa centifolia Cabbage Rose ROSACEN SE1 SH 

Rosa majalis Cinnamon Rose ROSAMAJ SE1 SH 

Rosa micrantha Small-flowered Rose ROSAMIC SE1 SH 

Rosa multiflora Multiflora Rose ROSAMUL SE4 SH 

Rosa palustris Swamp Rose ROSAPAL S5 SH 

Rosa rubiginosa Eglantine ROSARUB SE4 SH 

Rosa rugosa Wrinkled Rose ROSARUG SE1 SH 

Rosa setigera Prairie Rose ROSASET S3 SH 

Rosa sp Rose Species ROSA-SP SH 

Rotala ramosior Toothcup ROTARAM S1 FO 

Rubus allegheniensis Common Blackberry RUBUALL S5 SH 

Rubus canadensis Smooth Blackberry RUBUCAN S4 SH 

Rubus flagellaris Northern Dewberry RUBUFLA S4 SH 

Rubus hispidus Swamp Dewberry RUBUHIS S4S5 SH 

Rubus idaeus ssp. idaeus Red Raspberry RUBUIDI SE1 SH 

Rubus idaeus ssp. melanolasius Wild Red Raspberry RUBUIDM S5 SH 

Rubus occidentalis Black Raspberry RUBUOCC S5 SH 

Rubus odoratus Purple Flowering Raspberry RUBUODO S5 SH 

Rubus parviflorus Sparse-flowered Thimbleberry RUBUPAR S4 SH 

Rubus pubescens Dwarf Raspberry RUBUPUB S5 SH 

Rubus setosus Bristly Raspberry RUBUSET S4 SH 

Rubus sp Rubus Species RUBU-SP SH 

Rudbeckia fulgida Orange Coneflower RUDBFUL S1 FO 

Rudbeckia hirta Black-eyed Susan RUDBHIR S5 FO 

Rudbeckia laciniata Cut-leaved Coneflower RUDBLAC S5 FO 

Rudbeckia triloba Brown-eyed Coneflower RUDBTRI SE4 FO 

43



Rumex acetosa Garden Sorrel RUMEACT SE FO 

Rumex acetosella ssp. acetosella Sheep Sorrel RUMEACA SE FO 

Rumex altissimus Pale Dock RUMEALT S2 FO 

Rumex crispus Curly Dock RUMECRI SE5 FO 

Rumex maritimus Golden Dock RUMEMAR S4 FO 

Rumex obtusifolius ssp. obtusifolius Bitter Dock RUMEOBO SE5 FO 

Rumex orbiculatus Great Water Dock RUMEORB S4S5 FO 

Rumex sp Dock Species RUME-SP FO 

Rumex triangulivalvis Willow-leaved Dock RUMETRI S4 FO 

Rumex verticillatus Swamp Dock RUMEVER S4 FO 

Sagina procumbens Procumbent Pearlwort SAGIPRO SE4 FO 

Sagittaria cuneata Northern Arrowhead SAGICUN S4 FO 

Sagittaria graminea var. cristata Crested Arrowhead SAGIGRC S3 FO 

Sagittaria graminea var. graminea Grass-leaved Arrowhead SAGIGRG S4S5 FO 

Sagittaria latifolia Common Arrowhead SAGILAT S5 FO 

Sagittaria rigida Sessile-fruited Arrowhead SAGIRIG S4 FO 

Sagittaria sp Arrowhead Species SAGI-SP FO 

Salix alba White Willow SALIALB SE4 TR 

Salix amygdaloides Peach-leaved Willow SALIAMY S5 TR 

Salix bebbiana Bebb's Willow SALIBEB S5 SH 

Salix candida Sage-leaved Willow SALICAN S5 SH 

Salix cinerea Ashy Willow SALICIC SE2 SH 

Salix cordata Heart-leaved Willow SALICOR S4S5 SH 

Salix discolor Pussy Willow SALIDIS S5 SH 

Salix eriocephala Missouri i Willow SALIERI S5 SH 

Salix exigua Sandbar Willow SALIEXI S5 SH 

Salix fragilis Crack Willow SALIFRA SE5 TR 

Salix humilis Upland Willow SALIHUM S5 SH 

Salix lucida Shining Willow SALILUC S5 SH 

Salix myricoides Blue-leaved Willow SALIMYR S3 SH 

Salix nigra Black Willow SALINIG S4 TR 

Salix pedicellaris Bog Willow SALIPED S5 SH 

Salix pentandra Bay-leaved Willow SALIPEN SE2 SH 

Salix petiolaris Slender Willow SALIPET S5 SH 

Salix purpurea Purple Osier Willow SALIPUR SE4 SH 

Salix pyrifolia Balsam Willow SALIPYR S5 SH 

Salix serissima Autumn Willow SALISER S4 SH 

Salix sp Willow Species SALI-SP SH 

Salix viminalis Basket Willow SALIVIM SE2 SH 

Salix X rubens Weeping White Willow SALIRUB SHBE4 TR 

Salsola collina Katune SALSCOL SE4 FO 

Salsola tragus Russian Thistle SALSTRA SE5 FO 

Salvia pratensis Meadow Sage SALVPRA SE2 FO 

Salvia reflexa Reflex-leaved Sage SALVREF SE1 FO 

Salvia sclarea Clear-eye SALVSCL SE1 FO 

Sambucus canadensis Common Elderberry SAMBCAN S5 SH 

Sambucus racemosa ssp. pubens Red-berried Elderberry SAMBRAP S5 SH 

Sambucus sp Elderberry Species SAMB-SP SH 

44



Samolus valerandi ssp. parviflorus Water Pimpernel SAMOVAP S4 FO 

Sanguinaria canadensis Bloodroot SANGCAN S5 FO 

Sanguisorba minor Salad Burnet SANGMIN SE4 FO 

Sanicula canadensis var. canadensis Short-styled Snakeroot SANICAC S4 FO 

Sanicula canadensis var. grandis Long-styled Canada Snakeroot SANICAG S2 FO 

Sanicula marilandica Black Snakeroot SANIMAR S5 FO 

Sanicula odorata Clustered Snakeroot SANIODO S5 FO 

Sanicula sp Snakeroot Species SANI-SP FO 

Sanicula trifoliata Large-fruited Snakeroot SANITRI S4 FO 

Saponaria officinalis Bouncing Bet SAPOOFF SE5 FO 

Sarracenia purpurea Pitcher-plant SARRPUR S5 FO 

Sassafras albidum Sassafras SASSALB S4 TR 

Satureja hortensis Savory SATUHOR SE2 FO 

Saururus cernuus Lizard's Tail SAURCER S3 FO 

Saxifraga virginiensis Early Saxifrage SAXIVIR S5 FO 

Scheuchzeria palustris Pod Grass SCHEPAL S4S5 FO 

Schizachne purpurascens ssp. purpurascens False Melic SCHIPUP S5 GR 

Schizachyrium littorale Dune Bluestem SCHILIT S2 GR 

Schizachyrium scoparium Little Bluestem SCHISCO S4 GR 

Scilla siberica Squill SCILSIB SE2 FO 

Scirpus acutus Hardstem Bulrush SCIRACU S5 SE 

Scirpus atrovirens Black Bulrush SCIRATR S5 SE 

Scirpus cespitosus Tufted Bulrush SCIRCES S5 SE 

Scirpus clintonii Clinton's Bulrush SCIRCLI S2S3 SE 

Scirpus cyperinus Wool Grass SCIRCYP S5 SE 

Scirpus expansus Woodland Bulrush SCIREXP S1 SE 

Scirpus fluviatilis River Bulrush SCIRFLU S4S5 SE 

Scirpus georgianus Bristleless Dark Green Bulrush SCIRGEO S1 SE 

Scirpus hattorianus Mosquito Bulrush SCIRHAT S4 SE 

Scirpus heterochaetus Slender Bulrush SCIRHET S3 SE 

Scirpus hudsonianus Hudson Bay Bulrush SCIRHUD S5 SE 

Scirpus maritimus Salt-marsh Bulrush SCIRMAR S3 SE 

Scirpus microcarpus Small-fruited Bulrush SCIRMIC S5 SE 

Scirpus pedicellatus Pedicelled Bulrush SCIRPED S4 SE 

Scirpus pendulus Drooping Bulrush SCIRPEN S5 SE 

Scirpus pungens Common Three-square SCIRPUN S5 SE 

Scirpus purshianus Pursh's Bulrush SCIRPUR S1 SE 

Scirpus smithii Blunt-scaled Bulrush SCIRSMI S3 SE 

Scirpus sp Bulrush Species SCIR-SP SE 

Scirpus subterminalis Water Bulrush SCIRSUB S4 SE 

Scirpus torreyi Torrey's Three-square SCIRTOR S4 SE 

Scirpus validus Softstem Bulrush SCIRVAL S5 SE 

Scirpus verecundus Small-flowered Bulrush SCIRVER S1 SE 

Scleranthus annuus Knawel SCLEANN SE5 FO 

Scleria pauciflora Few-flowered Nut Rush SCLEPAU S1 SE 

Scleria sp Nut Rush Species SCLE-SP SE 

Scleria triglomerata Tall Nut Rush SCLETRI S1 SE 

Scleria verticillata Low Nut Rush SCLEVER S3 SE 

45



Scrophularia lanceolata Hare Figwort SCROLAN S4 FO 

Scrophularia marilandica Carpenter's Square SCROMAR S4 FO 

Scrophularia sp Figwort Species SCRO-SP FO 

Scutellaria galericulata Hooded Skullcap SCUTGAL S5 FO 

Scutellaria lateriflora Blue Skullcap SCUTLAT S5 FO 

Scutellaria nervosa Veined Skullcap SCUTNER S1 FO 

Scutellaria parvula var. leonardii Leonard's Skullcap SCUTPAL S3 FO 

Scutellaria parvula var. parvula Small Skullcap SCUTPAP S4 FO 

Scutellaria sp Skullcap Species SCUT-SP FO 

Secale cereale Rye SECACER SE3 GR 

Sedge sp Sedge Species SEDG-SP SE 

Sedum acre Mossy Stonecrop SEDUACR SE5 FO 

Sedum album White Stonecrop SEDUALB SE1 FO 

Sedum hispanicum Spanish Stonecrop SEDUHIS SE1 FO 

Sedum sarmentosum Stringy Stonecrop SEDUSAR SE1 FO 

Sedum sexangulare Hexagon Stonecrop SEDUSEX SE1 FO 

Sedum sp Stonecrop Species SEDU-SP FO 

Sedum spurium Two Row Stonecrop SEDUSPU SE1 FO 

Sedum telephium Live Forever SEDUTEL SE2 FO 

Sedum ternatum Wild Stonecrop SEDUTER SE1 FO 

Selaginella eclipes Meadow Spikemoss SELAECL S4 FE 

Selaginella rupestris Rock Spikemoss SELARUP S5 FE 

Selaginella selaginoides Northern Spikemoss SELASEL S4 FE 

Selaginella sp Spikemoss Species SELA-SP FE 

Senecio aureus Golden Ragwort SENEAUR S5 FO 

Senecio jacobaea Tansy Ragwort SENEJAC SE1 FO 

Senecio obovatus Round-leaved Ragwort SENEOBO S3 FO 

Senecio pauperculus Balsam Ragwort SENEPAU S5 FO 

Senecio plattensis Prairie Ragwort SENEPLA S2S3 FO 

Senecio sp Ragwort Species SENE-SP FO 

Senecio viscosus Sticky Ragwort SENEVIS SE3 FO 

Senecio vulgaris Common Ragwort SENEVUL SE5 FO 

Setaria faberi Giant Foxtail SETAFAB SE4 GR 

Setaria italica Foxtail Millet SETAITA SE1 GR 

Setaria pumila Yellow Foxtail SETAPUM SE5 GR 

Setaria sp Foxtail Species SETA-SP GR 

Setaria verticillata Bristly Foxtail SETAVER SE4 GR 

Setaria viridis Green Foxtail SETAVIR SE5 GR 

Shepherdia canadensis Buffalo Berry SHEPCAN S5 SH 

Shrub sp Shrub Species SHUB-SP SH 

Sicyos angulatus One-seeded Bur Cucumber SICYANG S5 VI 

Sida hermaphrodita Virginia Mallow SIDAHER S1 FO 

Sida spinosa Prickly Mallow SIDASPI SE2 FO 

Silene antirrhina Sleepy Catchfly SILEANT S5 FO 

Silene armeria Sweet William SILEARM SE2 FO 

Silene cserei Biennial Campion SILECSE SE4 FO 

Silene dichotoma Forked Catchfly SILEDIC SE1 FO 

Silene latifolia Bladder Campion SILELAT SE5 FO 

46



Silene noctiflora Night-flowering Catchfly SILENOC SE5 FO 

Silene sp Catchfly Species SILE-SP FO 

Silene vulgaris Catchfly SILEVUL SE5 FO 

Silphium integrifolium Prairie Rosin-weed SILPINT SE1 FO 

Silphium laciniatum var. laciniatum Compass Plant SILPLAL S1 FO 

Silphium perfoliatum var. perfoliatum Cup-plant SILPPEP S2 FO 

Silphium sp Silphium Species SILP-SP FO 

Silphium terebinthinaceum var. terebinthinaceum Prairie Dock SILPTET S1 FO 

Sinapis alba White Mustard SINAALB SE2 FO 

Sinapis arvensis Wild Mustard SINAARV SE5 FO 

Sisymbrium altissimum Tall Tumble-mustard SISYALT SE5 FO 

Sisymbrium loeselii Tall Hedge Mustard SISYLOE SE2 FO 

Sisymbrium officinale Hedge Mustard SISYOFF SE5 FO 

Sisymbrium sp Hedge Mustard Species SISY-SP FO 

Sisyrinchium albidum White Blue-eyed Grass SISYALB S1 FO 

Sisyrinchium angustifolium Stout Blue-eyed Grass SISYANG S4 FO 

Sisyrinchium montanum Common Blue-eyed Grass SISYMON S5 FO 

Sisyrinchium mucronatum Slender Blue-eyed Grass SISYMUC S4S5 FO 

Sisyrinchium sp Blue-eyed Grass Species SIRI-SP FO 

Sium suave Water-parsnip SIUMSUA S5 FO 

Smilax ecirrhata Upright Carrion Flower SMILECI S3 FO 

Smilax herbacea Herbaceous Carrion Flower SMILHER S4 VI 

Smilax hispida Bristly Greenbrier SMILHIS S4 VW 

Smilax illinoensis Illinois Carrion Flower SMILILL S2 VI 

Smilax lasioneura Hairy-nerved Carrion Flower SMILLAS S4 VI 

Smilax rotundifolia Common Greenbrier SMILROT S2 SH 

Smilax sp Greenbrier Species SMIL-SP VI 

Snag Standing Dead Wood SNAG 

Solanum carolinense Horse Nettle SOLACAR SE3 FO 

Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Nightshade SOLADUL SE5 VW 

Solanum nigrum Black Nightshade SOLANIG SE1 FO 

Solanum physalifolium Hairy Nighshade SOLAPHY SE2 FO 

Solanum ptychanthum Eastern Black Nightshade SOLAPTY S5 FO 

Solanum rostratum Prickly Nightshade SOLAROS SE1 FO 

Solanum sp Nightshade Species SOLA-SP FO 

Solanum triflorum Cut-leaved Nightshade SOLATRI SE1 FO 

Solanum tuberosum Common Potato SOLATUB SE1 FO 

Solidago altissima var. altissima Tall Goldenrod SOLIALA S4 FO 

Solidago arguta var. arguta Sharp-leaved Goldenrod SOLIARA S4 FO 

Solidago bicolor White Goldenrod SOLIBIC S4 FO 

Solidago caesia Blue-stem Goldenrod SOLICAE S5 FO 

Solidago canadensis Canada Goldenrod SOLICAN S5 FO 

Solidago flexicaulis Zig-zag Goldenrod SOLIFLE S5 FO 

Solidago gigantea Giant Goldenrod SOLIGIG S5 FO 

Solidago hispida var. hispida Hairy Goldenrod SOLIHIS S5 FO 

Solidago houghtonii Houghton's Goldenrod SOLIHOU S2 FO 

Solidago juncea Early Goldenrod SOLIJUN S5 FO 

Solidago nemoralis ssp. nemoralis Gray Goldenrod SOLINEN S5 FO 

47



Solidago ohioensis Ohio Goldenrod SOLIOHI S4 FO 

Solidago patula Rough-leaved Goldenrod SOLIPAT S5 FO 

Solidago ptarmicoides Upland White Goldenrod SOLIPTA S5 FO 

Solidago puberula Downy Goldenrod SOLIPUB S2 FO 

Solidago riddellii Riddell's Goldenrod SOLIRID S3 FO 

Solidago rigida ssp. rigida Stiff-leaved Goldenrod SOLIRIR S3 FO 

Solidago rugosa ssp. rugosa Rough Goldenrod SOLIRUR S5 FO 

Solidago sempervirens Seaside Goldenrod SOLISEM SE2 FO 

Solidago simplex var. gillmanii Rand's Goldenrod SOLISIG S1 FO 

Solidago simplex var. ontarioensis Ontario Goldenrod SOLISIO S3 FO 

Solidago sp Goldenrod Species SOLI-SP FO 

Solidago speciosa var. rigidiuscula Showy Goldenrod SOLISPR S1 FO 

Solidago squarrosa Stout Goldenrod SOLISQU S4 FO 

Solidago uliginosa Marsh Goldenrod SOLIULI S5 FO 

Solidago ulmifolia var. ulmifolia Elm-leaved Goldenrod SOLIULU S1 FO 

Sonchus arvensis ssp. arvensis Field Sow-thistle SONCARA SE5 FO 

Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus Perennial Sow-thistle SONCARU SE5 FO 

Sonchus asper ssp. asper Spiny-leaved Sow-thistle SONCASA SE5 FO 

Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle SONCOLE SE5 FO 

Sonchus palustris Marsh Sow-thistle SONCPAL SE1 FO 

Sonchus sp Sow-thistle Species SONC-SP FO 

Sorbaria sorbifolia False Spiraea SORBSOR SE4 SH 

Sorbus americana American Mountain-ash SORBAME S5 SH 

Sorbus aucuparia European Mountain-ash SORBAUC SE4 SH 

Sorbus decora Showy Mountain-ash SORBDEC S5 SH 

Sorbus sp Mountain-ash Species SORB-SP SH 

Sorghastrum nutans Indian Grass SORGNUT S4 GR 

Sorghum bicolor ssp. bicolor Sorghum SORGBIB SE1 GR 

Sorghum halepense Johnson Grass SORGHAL SE2 GR 

Sparganium americanum American Bur-reed SPARAME S4 FO 

Sparganium androcladum Branching Bur-reed SPARAND S1 FO 

Sparganium angustifolium Floating Bur-reed SPARANG S4 FO 

Sparganium emersum ssp. emersum Narrow-leaved Bur-reed SPAREME S5 FO 

Sparganium eurycarpum Giant Bur-reed SPAREUR S5 FO 

Sparganium fluctuans Water Bur-reed SPARFLU S4 FO 

Sparganium natans Small Bur-reed SPARNAT S5 FO 

Sparganium sp Bur-reed Species SPAR-SP FO 

Spartina patens Salt-marsh Grass SPARPAT SE1 GR 

Spartina pectinata Freshwater Cord Grass SPARPEC S4 GR 

Spartina sp Cord Grass Species SPTI-SP GR 

Spergula arvensis Spurrey SPERARV SE5 FO 

Spergularia marina Saltmarsh Sand Spurrey SPERMAR SH FO 

Spergularia media Media Sand Spurrey SPERMED SE3 FO 

Spergularia rubra Red Sand Spurrey SPERRUB SE3 FO 

Sphenopholis intermedia Slender Wedge Grass SPHEINT S4S5 GR 

Sphenopholis nitida Shining Wedge Grass SPHENIT S1 GR 

Sphenopholis obtusata Prairie Wedge Grass SPHEOBT S1 GR 

Sphenopholis sp Wedge Grass Species SPHE-SP GR 

48



Spiraea alba Narrow-leaved Meadowsweet SPIRALB S5 SH 

Spiraea japonica Japanese Meadowsweet SPIRJAP SE1 SH 

Spiraea salicifolia Willow-leaved Meadowsweet SPIRSAL SE1 SH 

Spiraea sp Meadowsweet Species SPIR-SP SH 

Spiraea tomentosa Hardhack SPIRTOM S4S5 SH 

Spiraea X vanhouttei Bridal Wreath SPIRVAN SHBE1 SH 

Spiranthes casei Case's Ladies' Tresses SPIRCAS S4 FO 

Spiranthes cernua Nodding Ladies' Tresses SPIRCER S5 FO 

Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis Southern Slender Ladies' Tresses SPIRLAG S1 FO 

Spiranthes lacera var. lacera Northern Slender Ladies' Tresses SPIRLAL S4S5 FO 

Spiranthes lucida Shining Ladies' Tresses SPIRLUC S4 FO 

Spiranthes magnicamporum Great Plains Ladies' Tresses SPIRMAG S3 FO 

Spiranthes ochroleuca Yellow Ladies' Tresses SPIROCH S2 FO 

Spiranthes ovalis var. erostellata Oval Ladies' Tresses SPIROVE S1 FO 

Spiranthes romanzoffiana Hooded Ladies' Tresses SPIRROM S5 FO 

Spiranthes sp Ladies' Tresses Species SPIT-SP FO 

Spirodela polyrhiza Great Duckweed SPIRPOL S5 FO 

Sporobolus asper Rough Dropseed SPORASP S2 GR 

Sporobolus cryptandrus Sand Dropseed SPORCRF S4 GR 

Sporobolus heterolepis Northern Dropseed SPORHET S3 GR 

Sporobolus neglectus Small Rush Grass SPORNEG S4 GR 

Sporobolus ozarkanus Ozark Dropseed SPOROZA S2 GR 

Sporobolus sp Dropseed Species SPOR-SP GR 

Sporobolus vaginiflorus Poverty Dropseed SPORVAG S4 GR 

Stachys hispidaid Rough Hedge-nettle STACHIS S4S5 FO 

Stachys palustris Marsh Hedge-nettle STACPAL SE5 FO 

Stachys pilosa var. arenicola Sand Hedge-nettle STACPIA SU FO 

Stachys sp Hedge-nettle Species STAC-SP FO 

Staphylea trifolia Bladdernut STAPTRI S4 SH 

Stellaria borealis ssp. borealis Northern Stitchwort STELBOB S5 FO 

Stellaria graminea Grass-leaved Stitchwort STELGRA SE5 FO 

Stellaria longifolia Long-leaved Stitchwort STELLON S5 FO 

Stellaria longipes Long-stalked Stitchwort STELLGP S5 FO 

Stellaria media Common Stitchwort STELMED SE5 FO 

Stellaria pallida Lesser Stitchwort STELPAL SE1 FO 

Stellaria sp Chickweed Species STEL-SP FO 

Stipa comata Tufted Bunch Grass STIPCOM S1 GR 

Stipa sp Stipa Species STIP-SP GR 

Stipa spartea Porcupine Grass STIPSPA S4 GR 

Streptopus roseus Rose Twisted Stalk STREROS S5 FO 

Strophostyles helvula Trailing Wild Bean STROHEL S4 FO 

Stylophorum diphyllum Wood Poppy STYLDIP S1 FO 

Suaeda calceoliformis Plains Sea-blite SUAECAL S2 FO 

Subularia aquatica ssp. americana Water Awlwort SUBUAQA S3 FO 

Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry SYMPALB S4S5 SH 

Symphoricarpos occidentalis Wolfberry SYMPOCC SE3 SH 

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Coralberry SYMPORB SE1 SH 

Symphytum asperum Prickly Comfrey SYMPASP SE2 FO 

49



Symphytum officinale ssp. officinale Common Comfrey SYMPOFO SE5 FO 

Symplocarpus foetidus Skunk Cabbage SYMPFOE S5 FO 

Syringa vulgaris Common Lilac SYRIVUL SE5 SH 

Taenidia integerrima Yellow Pimpernel TAENINT S4 FO 

Tanacetum vulgare Tansy TANAVUL SE5 FO 

Taraxacum erythrospermum Red-seeded Dandelion TARAERY SE5 FO 

Taraxacum officinale Common Dandelion TARAOFF SE5 FO 

Taraxacum palustre Marsh Dandelion TARAPAL SE5 FO 

Taraxacum sp Dandelion Species TARA-SP FO 

Taxus canadensis Canada Yew TAXUCAN S4 SH 

Tephrosia virginiana Goat's Rue TEPHVIR S1 FO 

Teucrium canadense ssp. canadense Wood Germander TEUCCAC S5 FO 

Teucrium canadense ssp. viscidum Hairy Germander TEUCCAV SU FO 

Thalictrum dasycarpum Purple Meadow-rue THALDAS S4 FO 

Thalictrum dioicum Early Meadow-rue THALDIO S5 FO 

Thalictrum pubescens Tall Meadow-rue THALPUB S5 FO 

Thalictrum revolutum Waxy Meadow-rue THALREV S2 FO 

Thalictrum sp Meadow-rue Species THAL-SP FO 

Thalictrum thalictroides Rue Anemone THALTHA S3 FO 

Thalictrum venulosum Veiny Meadow-rue THALVEN S5 FO 

Thaspium barbinode Bearded Meadow-parsnip THASBAR S1 FO 

Thaspium chapmanii Chapman's Meadow-parsnip THASCHA S2 FO 

Thaspium trifoliatum var. aureum Smooth Meadow-parsnip THASTRA S2 FO 

Thelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern THELNOV S4S5 FE 

Thelypteris palustris var. pubescens Marsh Fern THELPAP S5 FE 

Thelypteris simulata Massachusetts Fern THELSIM S1 FE 

Thelypteris sp Thelypteris Species THEL-SP FE 

Thladiantha dubia Golden Creeper THLADUB SE2 VI 

Thlaspi arvense Field Penny-cress THLAARV SE5 FO 

Thuja occidentalis Eastern White Cedar THUJOCC S5 TR 

Thymus pulegioides Thyme THYMPUL SE1 FO 

Tiarella cordifolia Foamflower TIARCOR S5 FO 

Tilia americana Basswood TILIAME S5 TR 

Tofieldia glutinosa ssp. brevistyla Sticky False Asphodel TOFIGLB S4 FO 

Torilis japonica Japanese Hedge Parsley TORIJAP SE4 FO 

Torreyochloa fernaldii Pale Manna Grass TORRFER S4 GR 

Torreyochloa pallida Torrey's Manna Grass TORRPAL S2 GR 

Torreyochloa sp Manna Grass Species TORR-SP GR 

Tradescantia ohiensis Common Spiderwort TRADOHI S2 FO 

Tradescantia virginiana Virginia Spiderwort TRADVIR SE1 FO 

Tragopogon dubius Doubtful Goat's-beard TRAGDUB SE5 FO 

Tragopogon porrifolius Common Salsify TRAGPOR SE4 FO 

Tragopogon pratensis ssp. pratensis Meadow Goat's-beard TRAGPRP SE5 FO 

Tragopogon sp Goat's-beard Species TRAG-SP FO 

Tree sp Tree Species TREE-SP TR 

Triadenum fraseri Fraser's St. John's-wort TRIAFRA S5 FO 

Tribulus terrestris Land Caltrop TRIBTER SE1 FO 

Trichostema brachiatum False Pennyroyal TRICBRA S4 FO 

50



Trichostema dichotomum Bastard Pennyroyal TRICDIC S1 FO 

Tridens flavus Purpletop TRIDFLA SE1 GR 

Trientalis borealis ssp. borealis Starflower TRIEBOB S5 FO 

Trifolium arvense Rabbit-foot Clover TRIFARV SE4 FO 

Trifolium aureum Yellow Clover TRIFAUE SE5 FO 

Trifolium campestre Large Hop Clover TRIFCAM SE5 FO 

Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover TRIFDUB SE4 FO 

Trifolium hybridum ssp. elegans Alsike Clover TRIFHYE SE5 FO 

Trifolium pratense Red Clover TRIFPRA SE5 FO 

Trifolium repens White Clover TRIFREP SE5 FO 

Trifolium sp Clover Species TRIF-SP FO 

Triglochin maritimum Seaside Arrow Grass TRIGMAR S5 FO 

Triglochin palustre Marsh Arrow Grass TRIGPAL S5 FO 

Triglochin sp Arrow Grass Species TRIG-SP FO 

Trillium cernuum Nodding Trillium TRILCER S5 FO 

Trillium erectum Red Trillium TRILERE S5 FO 

Trillium flexipes Bent Trillium TRILFLE S1 FO 

Trillium grandiflorum White Trillium TRILGRA S5 FO 

Trillium sp Trillium Species TRIL-SP FO 

Trillium undulatum Painted Trillium TRILUND S5 FO 

Triodanis perfoliata Clasping Bellwort TRIOPRF S4 FO 

Triosteum angustifolium Yellow Horse-gentian TRIOANG S1 FO 

Triosteum aurantiacum Wild Coffee TRIOAUR S5 FO 

Triosteum perfoliatum Perfoliate Horse Gentain TRIOPER S1 FO 

Ti Triosteum sp Horse Gentian Species TRIO-SP FO 

Triphora trianthophora Nodding Pogonia TRIPTRI S1 FO 

Triplasis purpurea Sand Grass TRIPPUR S4 GR 

Trisetum melicoides Melica-leaf False Oats TRISMEL S4 GR 

Trisetum spicatum Narrow False Oats TRISSPI S4 GR 

Triticum aestivum Common Wheat TRITAES SE1 GR 

Tsuga canadensis Eastern Hemlock TSUGCAN S5 TR 

Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot TUSSFAR SE5 FO 

Typha angustifolia Narrow-leaved Cattail TYPHANG S5 FO 

Typha latifolia Broad-leaved Cattail TYPHLAT S5 FO 

Typha sp Cattail Species TYPH-SP FO 

Typha X glauca Hybrid Cattail TYPHGLA SHB5 FO 

Ulmus americana American Elm ULMUAME S5 TR 

Ulmus pumila Siberian Elm ULMUPUM SE3 TR 

Ulmus rubra Slippery Elm ULMURUB S5 TR 

Ulmus sp Elm Species ULMU-SP TR 

Ulmus thomasii Rock Elm ULMUTHO S4 TR 

Unknown sp Unknown Species UNKNOWN 

Urtica dioica ssp. dioica European Stinging Nettle URTIDID SE2 FO 

Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis Slender Stinging Nettle URTIDIG S5 FO 

Urtica sp Nettle Species URTI-SP FO 

Urtica urens Dog Nettle URTIURE SE1 FO 

Utricularia cornuta Horned Bladderwort UTRICOR S5 FO 

Utricularia geminiscapa Hidden-fruited Bladderwort UTRIGEM S3 FO 

51



Utricularia gibba Humped Bladderwort UTRIGIB S4 FO 

Utricularia intermedia Flat-leaved Bladderwort UTRIINT S5 FO 

Utricularia minor Lesser Bladderwort UTRIMIN S5 FO 

Utricularia purpurea Spotted Bladderwort UTRIPUR S4 FO 

Utricularia resupinata Inverted Bladderwort UTRIRES S4 FO 

Utricularia sp Bladderwort Species UTRI-SP FO 

Utricularia vulgaris Common Bladderwort UTRIVUL S5 FO 

Uvularia grandiflora Large-flowered Bellwort UVULGRA S5 FO 

Uvularia perfoliata Perfoliate Bellwort UVULPER S1 FO 

Uvularia sessilifolia Sessile-leaved Bellwort UVULSES S4 FO 

Uvularia sp Bellwort Species UVUL-SP FO 

Vaccaria hispanica Spanish Cowherb VACCHIS SE3 FO 

Vaccinium angustifolium Low-sweet Blueberry VACCANG S5 SH 

Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush Blueberry VACCCOR S4 SH 

Vaccinium macrocarpon Large Cranberry VACCMAC S4S5 SH 

Vaccinium myrtilloides Velvetleaf Blueberry VACCMYR S5 SH 

Vaccinium oxycoccos Small Cranberry VACCOXY S5 SH 

Vaccinium pallidum Dryland Blueberry VACCPAL S4 SH 

Vaccinium sp Blueberry Species VACC-SP SH 

Vaccinium stamineum Deerberry VACCSTA S1 SH 

Valeriana edulis ssp. ciliata Taprooted Valerian VALEEDC S1 FO 

Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian VALEOFF SE3 FO 

Valeriana sitchensis ssp. uliginosa Sitka Valerian VALESIU S2 FO 

Valerianella chenopodiifolia Goosefoot Corn-salad VALECHE S1 FO 

Valerianella ll umbilicata Navel-shaped Corn-salad VALEUMB S1 FO 

Vallisneria americana Eel-grass VALLAME S5 FO 

Verbascum blattaria Moth Mullein VERBBLA SE5 FO 

Verbascum phlomoides Clasping Mullein VERBPHL SE1 FO 

Verbascum thapsus Common Mullein VERBTHA SE5 FO 

Verbena bracteata Large-bracted Vervain VERBBRA S4 FO 

Verbena hastata Blue Vervain VERBHAS S5 FO 

Verbena simplex Narrow-leaved Vervain VERBSIM S4 FO 

Verbena sp Vervain Species VERB-SP FO 

Verbena stricta Hoary Vervain VERBSTR S4 FO 

Verbena urticifolia White Vervain VERBURT S5 FO 

Verbesina alternifolia Wing-stem VERBALT S3 FO 

Vernonia gigantea ssp. gigantea Giant Ironweed VERNGIG S3 FO 

Vernonia missurica Missouri Ironweed VERNMIS S3 FO 

Veronica americana American Speedwell VEROAME S5 FO 

Veronica anagallis-aquatica Water Speedwell VEROANA SE5 FO 

Veronica arvensis Corn Speedwell VEROARV SE5 FO 

Veronica austriaca ssp. teucrium Lance-leaved Speedwell VEROAUT SE1 FO 

Veronica beccabunga Bachbungen's Speedwell VEROBEC SE2 FO 

Veronica catenata Speedwell VEROCAT S4 FO 

Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell VEROCHA SE3 FO 

Veronica filiformis Hair-like Speedwell VEROFIL SE2 FO 

Veronica longifolia Long-leaved Speedwell VEROLON SE3 FO 

Veronica officinalis Common Speedwell VEROOFF SE5 FO 

52



Veronica peregrina ssp. peregrina Purslane Speedwell VEROPEP S5 FO 

Veronica peregrina ssp. xalapensis Western Purslane Speedwell VEROPEX S4 FO 

Veronica persica Bird's-eye Speedwell VEROPES SE4 FO 

Veronica polita Wayside Speedwell VEROPOL SE4 FO 

Veronica scutellata Marsh Speedwell VEROSCU S5 FO 

Veronica serpyllifolia ssp. serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Speedwell VEROSES SE5 FO 

Veronica sp Speedwell Species VERO-SP FO 

Veronica verna Spring Speedwell VEROVER SE3 FO 

Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's-root VEROVRG S2 FO 

Viburnum acerifolium Maple-leaved Viburnum VIBUACE S5 SH 

Viburnum cassinoides Wild Raisin VIBUCAS S5 SH 

Viburnum lantana Wayfaring Tree VIBULAN SE2 SH 

Viburnum lantanoides Hobble Bush VIBULAO S5 SH 

Viburnum lentago Nannyberry VIBULEN S5 SH 

Viburnum opulus European Highbush Cranberry VIBUOPU SE4 SH 

Viburnum rafinesquianum Downy Arrow-wood VIBURAF S5 SH 

Viburnum recognitum Southern Arrow-wood VIBUREC S4 SH 

Viburnum sp Viburnum Species VIBU-SP SH 

Viburnum trilobum Highbush Cranberry VIBUTRI S5 SH 

Vicia americana Purple Vetch VICIAME S5 VI 

Vicia caroliniana Carolina Vetch VICICAR S2 VI 

Vicia cracca Cow Vetch VICICRA SE5 VI 

Vicia hirsuta Tiny Vetch VICIHIR SE1 VI 

Vicia sativa ssp. nigra Common Vetch VICISAN SE5 VI 

Vicia i sp Vetch Species VICI-SP VI 

Vicia tetrasperma Sparrow Vetch VICITET SE5 VI 

Vicia villosa Hairy Vetch VICIVIL SE5 VI 

Vinca minor Periwinkle VINCMIN SE5 VW 

Vine sp Herbaceous Vine Species VINE-SP VI 

Viola adunca Hooked-spur Violet VIOLADU S4S5 FO 

Viola affinis Le Conte's Violet VIOLAFF S4 FO 

Viola arvensis Small-wild Pansy VIOLARV SE4 FO 

Viola bicolor Field Pansy VIOLBIC S1 FO 

Viola blanda Sweet White Violet VIOLBLA S4S5 FO 

Viola canadensis Canada Violet VIOLCAN S5 FO 

Viola conspersa Dog Violet VIOLCON S5 FO 

Viola cucullata Marsh Blue Violet VIOLCUC S5 FO 

Viola lanceolata Lance-leaved Violet VIOLLAN S4 FO 

Viola macloskeyi ssp. pallens Smooth White Violet VIOLMAP S5 FO 

Viola nephrophylla Northern Bog Violet VIOLNEP S4 FO 

Viola odorata English Violet VIOLODO SE2 FO 

Viola palmata var. palmata Early Blue Violet VIOLPAP S2S3 FO 

Viola pedata Bird's-foot Violet VIOLPED S1 FO 

Viola pedatifida Prairie Violet VIOLPDF S1 FO 

Viola pubescens Yellow Violet VIOLPUB S5 FO 

Viola renifolia Kidney-leaf Violet VIOLREN S5 FO 

Viola rostrata Long-spurred Violet VIOLROS S5 FO 

Viola rotundifolia Round-leaved Violet VIOLROT SH FO 

53



Viola sagittata var. sagittata Arrow-leaved Violet VIOLSAS S4 FO 

Viola selkirkii Great-spurred Violet VIOLSEL S5 FO 

Viola septentrionalis Northern Blue Violet VIOLSEP SU FO 

Viola sororia Common Blue Violet VIOLSOR S5 FO 

Viola sp Violet Species VIOL-SP FO 

Viola striata Cream Violet VIOLSTR S3 FO 

Viola tricolor Johnny-jump-up VIOLTRI SE2 FO 

Viola X brauniae Hybrid Violet VIOLBRA SHB1 FO 

Vitis aestivalis Summer Grape VITIAES S4 VW 

Vitis labrusca Fox Grape VITILAB S1 VW 

Vitis riparia Riverbank Grape VITIRIP S5 VW 

Vitis sp Grape Species VITI-SP VW 

Vitis vulpina Sweet Scented Grape VITIVUL S1 VW 

Vulpia myuros Mouse-tail Fescue VULPMYU SE1 GR 

Vulpia octoflora Six-weeks Fescue VULPOCT S2 GR 

Waldsteinia fragarioides Barren Strawberry WALDFRA S5 FO 

Wolffia borealis Dotted Water Meal WOLFBOR S4S5 FO 

Wolffia brasiliensis Brazilian Water Meal WOLFBRA S2 FO 

Wolffia columbiana Columbia Water Meal WOLFCOL S4S5 FO 

Wolffia sp Water Meal Species WOLF-SP FO 

Woodsia ilvensis Rusty Woodsia WOODILV S5 FE 

Woodsia obtusa ssp. obtusa Blunt-lobed Woodsia WOODOBO S1 FE 

Woodsia oregana ssp. cathcartiana Oregon Woodsia WOODORC S4 FE 

Woodsia scopulina Mountain Woodsia WOODSCO S3 FE 

Woodsia sp Woodsia Species WOOD-SP FE 

Woodwardia virginica Virginia Chain Fern WOODVIR S4 FE 

Woody vine sp Woody Vine Species WOVI-SP VW 

Xanthium spinosum Spiny Cocklebur XANTSPI SE2 FO 

Xanthium strumarium Cocklebur XANTSTR S5 FO 

Xyris difformis Two-formed Yellow-eyed-grass XYRIDIF S4 FO 

Xyris montana Northern Yellow-eyed-grass XYRIMON S4 FO 

Zannichellia palustris Horned Pondweed ZANNPAL S4 FO 

Zanthoxylum americanum Prickly-ash ZANTAME S5 SH 

Zea mays Corn ZEA-MAY SE2 GR 

Zigadenus elegans ssp. glaucus White Camass ZIGAELG S4 FO 

Zizania aquatica Southern Wild Rice ZIZAAQU S3 GR 

Zizania palustris Northern Wild Rice ZIZAPAL S4 GR 

Zizania sp Wild Rice Species ZIZA-SP GR 

Zizia aptera Heart-leaved Alexanders ZIZIAPT S1 FO 

Zizia aurea Golden Alexanders ZIZIAUR S5 FO 

54

Species list - Conservation Ontario

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