Kernphysik I H. Paetz gen. Schieck SS 2003 1 2. Juli 2005

¥`³
4
R
– Ç¥
¡ – —
Y[
<
§
lMU
k
4
§¨© §¨© 9
4
–
– §¨©
³´ÇKcY Y µ
¥
, Ì+X\X_DGwIFIibNPT}?EDGno“Ur!nHI>@DP>@NPuvJ¨œE?d>@i_TUNP>@uvJ~ŸpÆXbNPNsA?EDGFI?BnB>Ti\?dDGXbpI?EFRÌ!D { T { FI?EFf‘.wKFIp
F@FKpIwIFIi\NP?dFI?EDGi\>S?dQMwID|€\?dFŽXba@N%ÞÆwIFKQMTG>{
Yk
l
<
<
pI?dNq?fHh?dDP>@n?dF^T}?Ea@a@?EF5ƒR?EDPT}?ENspI?EDq²•wIQMa@? { FI?EFf‘|ef?EHÆXbDGX_T}>{ FING?EFI?dDPi\>@?Ë€ { F†e RC¬SFSFSk
9Ce Rqm_[
{ TG?dF^T}>@XbaST { HKŒTG>@?EŒ?ŸŒ˜z wID¦pÆXbNÉA?EDGFIH { T}?EF^T}>ÐX_ab€ { FC? TWV„X¤Ê —
R.r¦£
ÝŽ?EÊ1?EDGi\>SgKT)cx=.>S?dNG?EDUƒ¨?dD|TÎ?dF^T}NPHIDG>SuvJMTi\wfTËpI?dF†ƒ¨?dD|T}?dF”~tpK>@?¡nBXbFZ?E>@FI?EDGNG?E>STGNË>@n
ÝŽ?EÊ©NP>@uvJC?d>SFI?+TWLOHI>@NPuvJI?!Ì
efuvJÆXbaS?dFIn { pI?daSa¦pI?dD•A?dDGFKNPT}DPwIQ^T}wIDE~XbFKpI?dDP?dDGNP?d>T}NÍ>Sn { HKTG>@NGuvJK?dF5Ý { pI?Ea@a¦pI?EDÍ?da@XbNPTG>‘
{ TG>@ibTdc NGuvJI?EF5eOTGDG?EwIwIFIig?EFÉz
TÍnBXbF­pÆXbDGXbwIN¤pI>S?qn>STPT}aS?dDG?•QM>@FI? T}>@NPuvJI?Cr!FI?dDPi\>@?CpI?ED•²wIQMa@? { FI?dF£XbwINE“
y?EuvJIFI?
¨©
—
¥T+ © §
R
Ç § – £
¥¢¡¤£©¦¥CR¨§
¨©
Y[ ¡
³´ÇKcY‚¬Mµ
—
+ © §
{ ?EDGJ z X_aST.nBXbF"JK>@?dDGXbwIN•?ETWV-XoÇb[¡ÝŽ?EÊsc=.>S?si\?EN}XbnsTG?sn>STPT}a@?EDG?qQM>@FI? T}>@NPuvJI?:r!FI?EDGi\>S?
N
Xba@aS?dD¤²wIQMa@? { FI?dF­V%>@DPp­pÆXbn>ST
¥`³
4
£5µ¥ R ¥!J¥ 9
¨¥CR
Ç
Y)[
¥ ³ § – £ J 9
¡
4 § – £¨ µ ³´ÇKcYÇOµ
lMU
Y
§¨©
¢•>S?dD}X_wIN¤aÐXbNPNG?EF£NP>@uvJopI>@?qefuvJKa@wI®bŒ{ a@i\?EDGwIFIib?dF­œd>S?dJI?EF“
wIDCA?dDPFI?Ën>ST² &Z›IFIpI?ETCnBXbF5pIwKDGuvJ
z wID%?E>@F­i\?dib?dgh?dFI?EN•¥ JÆX_T ¥¥„NG?E>@F£ÝŽ>@FI>Sn:wIn Œ z wID%² R &Öc
Þ
XbJI?ËpI?ENqÝŽ>@FI>Sn:wInNd~”Xbg?EDÍŒ˜z
šWFpI?dDC²sz
R¥
¥qµ¦£ R ¥
¥qµ}~‚V { gh?d>³PY 0 2
¥qµ §¨© R
?d>SFI?Uy?E>@JI?EFI?dF^TWV%>@uvQMaSwIFIì € { F ¥¥%wKn1² R &xn>ST%?E>@FI?ED•QMa@?E>@FI?EF£¥•g^V-?E>@uvJMwIFIi
2 R &h‘’²q~‚N { pÆXbNGN
4
<
¬f³PY 2
<
¬f³PYO9¤2
Y0
©
– 0
¯
SFSFS“
9 ¯—
– Ç¥
– §¨©
¤¥G9
m
£5µ?R
9 SFSFS§
³´ÇKcY‚mMµ
Y[ ¡ –
—
4
5µW– ³
¥
wKFINGuvJ^T}?oÞ { DPn JÆX_T)~Ö>@nÔ‡-?ETGD}Xbi"Xbg?EDsFMwID:? TWV„X"pK?dF†JÆXbaSg?EFRƒ¨?dDPTspI?dDs?dnHI>‘
i\?EVËz
ƒ…>@D?dDPJÆXbaSTG?dF£FI?dgh?dF5?E>@FI?En8¥•F^T}?d>SaŸXbF"pI?ED•Ê { aSwInB?EFI?dFK?dDGib>@?q?d>@FK?dFŽžŸ?dDPn£~hpI?ED.pI>@?
wIuvQMNG>SuvJMTG>@i\wKFIi†pI?dD`žÖX_TGN}XbuvJK?b~pÆXbNGN@?ŽFKHf‘’AD}X«ŒTBV‰?di\?EF…pI?dN¡ÌÖXbwIaS>‘WÌ!DP>@FIœE>@HIN
‡-?dD_z
{ TG>@ibTG?dF†¥ÍN|LOnBn?ETGDG>@?E?dFI?EDGi\>S?¡?dDPi\>@gfT)c¨=.?dD:Œ?dJKa@?dFKpI?@a-V%>SDGp†pIwKDGuvJ
DG>SNGuvJ©g?EFÉz
XbDGQ_?dDŸXba@N¦pK>@?+HIHO‘hgIœEVCc FIFf‘’ADGX_ŒTÉ>@N|T)~i\?Ea@>@? Œ?dD|T)~)V-XbN œEwC?d>@FK?dD!³´²¤‘ &Ÿµ±‘W¥ÍgKJÉz XbFIi\>Si\Qb?E>ST
NPTz
{ T}?EFMTG>ÐXbaT}>S?EŒ?ÍŒ z wIJKDPT)c pI?dD%Ì
²•?EwKT}D { FI?dFKœ)XbJIaS?dF³±i\i_‘WA?dDGFK?«µv~•N { aSuvJI?nB>T­i\?dDGXbpI?EFˆÌ!D { T { FI?EFf‘BwIFIp wIFIi\?ED}XbpK?dF
²•?EwKT}D { FI?dFKœ)XbJIaS?dFUwIFIp:wIni\?EQb?dJKDPT-³±wIi_‘gIœ VCcÖi\wO‘’A?dDPFI?«µ”wIFIpUwIwf‘’A?EDGFI?tpIDG?E>OACa@XbN|‘
»-Ü ¼ ¿o³±NEcwcµ œdwZNPwIuvJI?dF†>SNPTdc@uvJZpI>S?‡->@FIpKwIFIi\N’‘
NG?EF¡€ { FS?dpI?EFI?dFor!>@i\?EFINGuvJÆX«ŒT}?dF@n
?dFI?EDGi\>S?dFqpI?dDŸi\i_‘hwKFIpUpK?dDŸwIwf‘’A?EDGFI?€ { FspI?EFI?dFUpI?dDŸwIi "_ibwf‘’A?dDPFI?!wIn! R;0 ¥
© §´°‚~
pc§Jc!2
R 0 ¥
· §´°gKœEVCc%[Ž³Œ z
"_ibwf‘’A?dDPFI?«µ}c¤=XbN¤Œ z wIJID|T.X_a@N { œdw£pIDG?E>ÉpI>@NPQODP?ETG?dF
wID%wIi