Rapport - Institutionen för Medicinsk Teknik - Karolinska Institutet

INNEHÅLLSFÖRTECKNING
TERMINOLOGI...............................................................................................................I
1 INLEDNING..............................................................................................................1
1.1 Problem................................................................................................................1
1.2 Uppdrag ...............................................................................................................1
1.3 Projektets uppdelning ...........................................................................................2
DEL I: MEDICINSK BAKGRUND ....................................................................................3
2 HISTORIK................................................................................................................3
3 ANDNINGEN ............................................................................................................7
3.1 Anatomi och funktion...........................................................................................7
3.1.1 Lungorna .....................................................................................................8
3.1.2 Andningsmekanik........................................................................................9
3.1.3 Andningsorganens volymer och kapaciteter............................................... 10
3.1.4 Luftens sammansättning ............................................................................ 12
3.1.5 Lungcirkulationen...................................................................................... 12
3.1.6 Andningsreglering ..................................................................................... 13
3.2 Sjukdomar.......................................................................................................... 13
3.2.1 Kroniskt Obstruktiv Lungsjukdom............................................................. 14
3.2.2 Cystisk Fibros............................................................................................ 15
4 SYRGASBEHANDLING............................................................................................ 17
4.1 Syrgas som läkemedel........................................................................................ 17
4.2 Risker................................................................................................................. 18
4.3 Kontinuerlig syrgasbehandling vid hypoxisk lungsjukdom................................. 18
4.3.1 Kronisk obstruktiv lungsjukdom................................................................ 19
4.3.2 Lungfibros................................................................................................. 19
4.3.3 Kronisk hypoxi av annan genes.................................................................. 19
4.4 Syrgasbehandling efter anestesi.......................................................................... 19
DEL II: MATERIAL OCH METODER............................................................................ 21
5 INFORMATIONSSÖKNING ...................................................................................... 21
5.1 Databaser ........................................................................................................... 21
5.2 Internet............................................................................................................... 21
5.3 Expertis.............................................................................................................. 21
6 EXISTERANDE PRODUKTER................................................................................... 23
6.1 Olikpresterande syrgastillförselsystem................................................................ 23
6.1.1 Ansiktsmask .............................................................................................. 23
6.1.2 Mask med partiell återandning................................................................... 24
6.1.3 Mask utan återandning............................................................................... 24
6.1.4 Näskateter.................................................................................................. 25
6.1.5 Nasopharyngealkateter............................................................................... 25
6.1.6 Trakealkateter............................................................................................ 26
6.1.7 Oxyarm® .................................................................................................. 26