Bedirhan Al american cuisine history

A M E R I C A N
C U I S I N E
H I S T O R Y
B E D I R H A N A L
İstanbul 2023

P U R P O S E
This article presents the American culinary culture, what
American cuisine is, the journey of American culinary culture
from the past to the present, and one recipe along with an
interview conducted with two people about cooking techniques.

AÇ
AM
• Bu makale, Amerikan mutfak
kültürünü, Amerikan mutfağının ne
olduğunu, Amerikan mutfak
kültürünün geçmişten günümüze olan
yolculuğunu ve bir yemek tarifi ile
pişirme teknikleri hakkında yapılmış
iki kişilik bir röportajı sunmaktadır.

C O N T E N T S
1.1 AMERICAN CUISINE HISTORY …..5
1.2 THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMERICAN CULINARY CULTURE......9
2.1 FAMOUS AMERICAN FOOD......12
INTERWIEW.......15
RECIPE SMASH BURGER AMERICAN STYLE..........22
HOW TO MAKE SMASH BURGER AMERICAN STLYE....23
TÜRKÇE TRANSTLATE.....24

A M E R I C A N C U I S I N E H I S T O R Y 1 . 1
• Due to the geographic, historical, and cultural diversity of the United States,
American cuisine has been influenced by many different ethnic and regional
cuisines. Many different communities, including Native American peoples,
immigrants from Europe, slaves from Africa, and immigrants from Asia, have
contributed to the richness of American cuisine. These people brought not only
themselves but also their cultures and ways of life when they migrated. As a
result, they spread their own cultures to the regions where they migrated, and also
created new things by being influenced by the local culture.

The roots of American cuisine are based on the meals of the native people. Traditional
Native American dishes include corn, beans, squash, chicken, and buffalo meat. During the
colonial period, European settlers brought new recipes and mixed them with local
ingredients. This resulted in a fusion, especially in the New England region, with the use of
seafood such as salmon, oysters, and squid.
In the early 19th century, American cuisine began to be influenced by the migrations to the
West. Those who migrated to the West needed to consume high-protein foods due to their
work in agriculture, livestock, and mining. Therefore, beef, pork, chicken, and other meat
products became widespread in American cuisine.

• In the early 20th century, industri
al development also had
an impact on American cuisine. I
ndustrial production processes le
d to the popularity of readymad
e foods. Fast food restaurant chai
ns, frozen foods, and ready meals
became a part of American cuisi
ne.
• The American cuisine has
constantly evolved throughout
the 20th century. Later on, new
trends such as healthy eating,
organic food, vegetarian and
vegan diets have influenced the
changes in American cuisine.
These trends have made healthy
eating alternatives popular in
American cuisine.

•Today, American cuisine is
popular worldwide. While fast
food chains such as
hamburgers, hot dogs, pizza,
and fried chicken are well
known, special dishes and
restaurants in different regions
of the country also hold
significant importance. For
example, dishes unique to
regional cuisine such as Cajun
cuisine in the South, barbecue
in Texas, Creole cuisine in
Louisiana, and seafood dishes
in New England reflect the
diversity of American cuisine.
•

T H E
D E V E L O P M E N T
O F A M E R I C A N
C U L I N A R Y 1 . 2
C U LT U R E
•The development of American culinary
culture has been shaped by the country's
historical, geographical, and demographic
conditions. American cuisine started with
the cultivation of various agricultural
products and food production initiated by
English colonies in the 17th century.
• Another important factor in the
development of American cuisine is
the recipes brought by immigrants.
The United States is one of the
countries with the largest immigrant
population in the world, and traditional
dishes brought by immigrants have
contributed greatly to the diversity of
American cuisine. For example, dishes
brought by Italian, German, Irish,
Chinese, and Mexican immigrants
have created unique flavors in
American cuisine.

•Regional differences in American cuisine have also had
an impact on the country's development. Southerners
prefer foods like barbecue sauces, fried chicken, fried
fish, and fried greens, while those living in New England
prefer seafood, lobster rolls, and clam chowder.
• Fast food chains in American cuisine have also
contributed to the development of American culinary
culture. Fast food chains became widespread, especially
in the 1950s and 1960s, and offered fast, cheap, and
easy meal options. These chains helped establish
popular foods like hamburgers, pizza, hot dogs, and
fried chicken in American cuisine.

•In conclusion, American cuisine has been shaped by the country's historical,
geographical, and demographic conditions. Immigrant cuisines, regional
differences, fast food chains, and healthy eating trends have increased the diversity
and contributed to the development of American cuisine.
•

FA M O U S
A M E R I C A N F O O D
2 . 1

•Hamburger: A popular food worldwide, the hamburger is a symbol of American cuisine. Made with
fried meat, crispy bread, and various ingredients, the hamburger is offered by many fast food chains
in America and is sold everywhere around the world.
• Pizza: Pizza, brought to America by Italian immigrants, has become a popular American food.
Pizza is enriched with different ingredients to offer various flavors.
• Fried chicken: Fried chicken is one of the most popular foods in American cuisine. Spicy and
crispy chicken
• Macaroni and cheese: Macaroni and cheese is a dish unique to American cuisine, made with
macaroni and melted cheese. It is a favorite among high school students or those who don't want
to bother with cooking.
• BBQ ribs: Popular in South America, BBQ ribs are made with fried pork ribs and served with
spicy barbecue sauce.

•Clam chowder: Clam chowder, a cream-based seafood soup famous in New
England, is prepared with thickly sliced bacon, potatoes, and clams.
• Hot dogs: A beloved American food, hot dogs are prepared by placing cooked
sausages and ingredients between bread. They are served with various ingredients
that differ by region and restaurant.
• Pancakes: Pancakes, popular for breakfast, are made of a flat and slightly sweet
dough. They are usually served with melted butter and maple syrup.
• Lobster roll: Lobster roll, famous in Maine, is prepared with fresh lobster meat
inside a soft sandwich bread.
• Philly cheesesteak: Philly cheesesteak, famous in Philadelphia, is a sandwich
made of grilled steak, cheese, and vegetables.
•This is just a few examples of American cuisine and there are many other famous
dishes as well.

I N T E R V I E W
•I did this interview with my friends Fırat and Emirhan. Let me tell you
about them. Fırat is a smart kid, he comes up with creative ideas after me
within our group. We've been together since we were young and he has never
betrayed me. We can play all kinds of games together and curse at everyone.
Emirhan has been my friend since high school. He is a good kid and
trustworthy. We can play any kind of game and have fun together (I don't
trust anyone). Apart from being from the Black Sea region, he doesn't pose
any problems. I cannot describe these two friends of mine with words.
Anyway, let's move on to the interview.
•

L E T ' S S TA R T T H E
I N T E R V I E W W I T H
F I R AT

C O O K I N G T E C H N I Q U E S Q U E S T I O N S A N D
A N S W E R S 1
1- Bedirhan:What is grilling?
Fırat: Grilling is a cooking method where food is usually cooked over an open fire outdoors.
2- Bedirhan:Which foods are best for grilling?
Fırat: Meat, chicken, fish, vegetables, and fruits are generally ideal for grilling.
3- Bedirhan: What type of grill should be used?
Fırat: Charcoal or gas grills are the most commonly used types of grills. The choice is up to you, but good
results can be achieved with both types.
4- Bedirhan:How hot should the grill be?
Ideally, the temperature of your grill should be between 400-450 degrees Fahrenheit (204-232 degrees
Celsius).
5-Bedirhan Why is it important to grease the grill before placing the food on it?
Fırat : Greasing helps prevent the food from sticking to the grill and makes it easier to flip, resulting in tastier
food.

6- Bedirhan:How is cooking time calculated?
Fırat: Cooking time varies depending on the type and thickness of the food. Generally, meats that are 1.5-2 cm
thick are cooked for about 6-8 minutes, while vegetables are cooked for about 5-7 minutes.
7-Bedirhan: At what stage should salt be added to the grill?
Fırat: Salt should be added during the cooking process so that the food does not release its juices and becomes
more flavorful.
8-Bedirman:What method should be used when cooking meat?
Fırat: The correct method for cooking meat is to first sear it on high heat and then cook it on medium heat.
This method helps distribute the juices evenly in the meat and results in a more flavorful dish.
9-Bedirhan:Which vegetables work best on the grill?
Fırat: Potatoes, onions, zucchini, peppers, mushrooms, and corn are some of the vegetables that work best on
the grill and result in tasty dishes.
10-Bedirhan How can we tell if the food is cooked when grilling?
Fırat: The most reliable way to tell if the food is cooked when grilling is to use a meat thermometer. In
addition, signs such as the color and texture of the meat, cooking time, and aroma can also indicate whether the
food is cooked or not.

L E T ' S S T A R T
T H E
I N T E R V I E W
W I T H
E M I R H A N

C O O K I N G T E C H N I Q U E S Q U E S T I O N S A N D
A N S W E R S 2
1-Bedirhan: What is sautéing?
Emirhan: Sautéing is a cooking technique that is usually used to quickly fry or cook small pieces of food at
high heat.
2- Bedirhan: Which foods can be sautéed?
Emirhan: All kinds of vegetables, meats, seafood, and even fruits can be sautéed.
3-Bedirhan: Which oils are the most suitable for sautéing?
Vegetable oils that can withstand high temperatures are generally preferred for sautéing. These oils include
sunflower oil, canola oil, and olive oil.
4-Bedirhan: What are the most suitable pans for sautéing?
Emirhan: Flat-based Teflon or stainless steel pans are typically used for sautéing.
5-Bedirhan: Why should high heat be used when sautéing?
Emirhan: High heat is necessary to quickly and evenly cook the food and helps the water in the food to
evaporate.

6- Bedirhan:How much oil should be used when sautéing?
Emirhan: A sufficient amount of oil should be used to prevent the food from swimming in it. Typically, a few
tablespoons are enough.
7-Bedirhan: How long should the food be cooked when sautéing?
Emirhan: The cooking time for sautéing can vary depending on the type of food, but generally, it is cooked for
2-5 minutes.
8-Bedirhan: Why should we constantly stir the food when sautéing?
Emirhan: Constantly stirring the food ensures that it cooks evenly and prevents it from burning.
9-Bedirhan: What is the difference between sautéing and frying?
Emirhan: Sautéing is a quick cooking method that aims to cook small pieces of food at high heat, while frying
is a cooking method that involves deep-frying food in oil.
10-Bedirhan: What spices can be used when sautéing?
Emirhan: Spices that can be used when sautéing include salt, pepper, red pepper, thyme, parsley, and garlic.
However, the choice of spices can vary depending on the type of food and personal preferences.

A M E R I C A N S T Y L E
S M A S H B U R G E R
• Ingredients:
•
• 80 x2 grams ground beef
• brioche bread
• Cheddar cheese
• Unsalted butter
• Onion
• Pickle
• Lettuce
• Tomato
• Ketchup
• Mayonnaise
• Salt
• Black pepper

H O W TO M A K E
We make 2 round balls out of 160 grams of ground beef, then heat up a pan and add the meatballs. We press down on the meatballs with a utensil to flatten them and cook them for 1
minute on each side. We sprinkle salt and black pepper on both sides, and finally, add a slice of cheddar cheese on top.
We spread room temperature butter on brioche buns and toast them on the pan, then take them out.
You can squeeze any sauce you like on the bottom of the bread and add pickles on top. Then, add thinly sliced lettuce and 2 meatballs on top. Place the tomato and onion on top of it,
then cover it with the other half of the bread.
Making a smash burger is this easy and delicious. Enjoy your meal!

T Ü R K Ç E Ç E V I R I

1.1 Amerikan mutfağı, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin coğrafi,
tarihi ve kültürel çeşitliliği nedeniyle birçok farklı etnik ve bölgesel mutfakların etkisiyle
oluşmuştur.
Yerli Amerikan halklarından, Avrupa'dan göç edenlerden, Afrika'dan kölelerden ve
Asya'dan göç edenlerden oluşan birçok farklı topluluk, Amerikan mutfağının
zenginliğine katkıda bulunmuştur.
Amerikan mutfağının kökleri, yerli halkların yemeklerine dayanmaktadır. Yerli halkların
geleneksel yemekleri arasında mısır,
fasulye, kabak, tavuk ve bizon eti bulunur. Kolonileşme döneminde, Avrupalı yerleşimciler
yeni yemek tarifleri getirdiler ve yerli malzemelerle harmanladılar.
Bu, özellikle New England bölgesinde, örneğin somon, midye ve kalamar gibi deniz
ürünlerinin kullanımıyla birleşti.

19.yüzyılın başlarında, Amerikan mutfağı, Batı'daki göçlerle etkilenmeye başladı. Batıya göç edenlerin tarım,
hayvancılık ve madencilikle ilgili işleri nedeniyle yüksek proteinli yiyecekler tüketmeleri gerekiyordu.
Bu nedenle, biftek, domuz eti, tavuk ve diğer et ürünleri, Amerikan mutfağına yaygın hale geldi.
20.yüzyılın başlarında, endüstriyel gelişme, Amerikan mutfağına da etki etti. Endüstriyel üretim süreçleri,
hazır gıdaların popüler hale gelmesine neden oldu. Fast food restoran zincirleri, dondurulmuş gıdalar ve hazır yemekler, Amerikan
mutfağının bir parçası haline geldi.
Amerikan mutfağı, 20. yüzyıl boyunca sürekli değişti. Daha sonra, sağlıklı beslenme trendleri, organik gıda, vejetaryen ve vegan
diyetler gibi yeni eğilimler,
Amerikan mutfağındaki değişiklikleri etkiledi. Bu trendler, Amerikan mutfağında sağlıklı beslenme alternatiflerinin popüler hale
gelmesine neden oldu.
Günümüzde, Amerikan mutfağı, dünya genelinde popülerdir. Fast food zincirleri, hamburgerler, hot dog, pizza ve fried chicken gibi
popüler yiyeceklerle tanınırken,
ülkenin farklı bölgelerindeki özel yemekler ve restoranlar da önemli bir yere sahiptir. Örneğin, Güney'deki Cajun mutfağı,
Teksas'taki barbekü, Louisiana'daki Creole mutfağı ve New England'daki deniz ürünleri yemekleri gibi farklı bölgesel mutfağa özgü
yemekler, Amerikan mutfağındaki çeşitliliği yansıtmaktadır

•2.1 Amerikan mutfağının gelişimi
• Amerikan mutfak kültürü gelişimi, ülkenin tarihi, coğrafi ve demografik koşullarının etkisiyle oluşmuştur.
• Amerikan mutfağı, 17. yüzyılda İngiliz kolonileri tarafından başlatılan birçok tarım ürünü ve gıda üretimiyle başlamıştır.
• Amerikan mutfağının gelişimindeki bir başka önemli faktör, göçmenlerin getirdiği yemek tarifleridir. Amerika Birleşik Devletl eri,
• dünya genelinde en büyük göçmen nüfusuna sahip ülkelerden biridir ve göçmenlerin geleneksel yemekleri, Amerikan mutfağına
büyük bir çeşitlilik katmıştır.
• Örneğin, İtalyan, Alman, İrlandalı, Çinli ve Meksikalı göçmenlerin getirdiği yemekler, Amerikan mutfağına özgü lezzetler
yaratmıştır.
• Amerikan mutfağındaki bölgesel farklılıklar da ülkenin gelişimine etki etmiştir.
• Güney'de yaşayanlar, barbekü sosları, kızarmış tavuk, kızarmış balık ve kızarmış yeşillikler gibi yiyecekleri tercih ederken, New
England'da yaşayanlar,
•deniz ürünleri, lobster roll ve clam chowder gibi yemekleri tercih ederler.

Amerikan mutfağındaki fast food zincirleri de, Amerikan mutfak kültürünün
gelişimine katkı sağlamıştır. Fast food zincirleri,
özellikle 1950'ler ve 1960'larda yaygınlaşmış ve hızlı, ucuz ve kolay yemek
seçenekleri sunmuştur. Bu zincirler, hamburger, pizza,
hot dog ve fried chicken gibi popüler yiyeceklerin Amerikan mutfağındaki yerini
sağlamlaştırmıştır.
Sonuç olarak, Amerikan mutfağı, ülkenin tarihi, coğrafi ve demografik koşullarının
etkisiyle şekillenmiştir.
Göçmen yemekleri, bölgesel farklılıklar, fast food zincirleri ve sağlıklı beslenme
trendleri, Amerikan mutfağındaki çeşitliliği artırmış ve gelişimine katkı sağlamıştır.

Meşhur amerikan yemekleri,
Hamburger: Dünya genelinde popüler olan hamburger, Amerikan mutfağının sembolüdür. Kızarmış et, çıtır ekmek ve
çeşitli malzemelerden oluşan hamburger, Amerika'da birçok fast food zinciri tarafından sunulmaktadır ve Dünya
genelinde her yerde satışı yapılmaktadır.
Pizza: İtalyan göçmenler tarafından Amerika'ya getirilen pizza, popüler bir Amerikan yemeği haline gelmiştir. Pizza,
farklı malzemelerle zenginleştirilerek çeşitli tatlar sunmaktadır.
Fried chicken: Kızarmış tavuk, Amerikan mutfağının en popüler yemeklerinden biridir. Baharatlı, çıtır tavuk,
Amerika'da birçok restoran ve fast food zinciri tarafından sunulmaktadır.
Macaroni and cheese: Amerikan mutfağına özgü bir yemek olan macaroni and cheese, makarna ve erimiş peynirle
hazırlanır. Liseli ergenlerin tercihidir ya da yemek yapmakla uğraşmak istemeyenlerin tercihidir
BBQ ribs: Güney Amerika'da popüler olan BBQ ribs, kızarmış domuz kaburga etiyle hazırlanmıştır. Baharatlı barbekü
sosuyla servis edilir.

Clam chowder: New England'da meşhur olan clam chowder, krema bazlı bir deniz ürünleri çorbasıdır. Kalın kesilmiş
bacon, patates ve istiridye gibi malzemelerle hazırlanır.
Hot dogs: Amerikan mutfağının en sevilen yiyeceklerinden biri olan hot dog, pişmiş sosis ve ekmek arasına konan
malzemelerle hazırlanır. Farklı bölge ve restoranlarda farklı malzemelerle zenginleştirilerek sunulmaktadır.
Pancakes: Kahvaltıda popüler olan pancakes, yassı ve hafif tatlı bir hamurdan yapılmıştır. Genellikle eritilmiş tereyağı
ve akçaağaç şurubuyla servis edilir.
Lobster roll: Maine'de meşhur olan lobster roll, yumuşak bir sandviç ekmeği içinde taze ıstakoz etiyle hazırlanmıştır.
Philly cheesesteak: Philadelphia'da meşhur olan Philly cheesesteak, kızarmış biftek, peynir ve sebzelerden oluşan bir
sandviçtir.
Bu, sadece Amerikan mutfağının birkaç örneğidir ve birçok farklı meşhur yemek daha vardır.