LIBETOBAA rAMMA H 11PETIMETHMF1 MHP ... - Europaorientalis.It

EUROPA ORIENTALIS 12 (1993): 1 

LIBETOBAA rAMMA H 11PETIMETHMF1 MHP 

B BEROFI rBAM1111 MIAXAMIA BYJIVAKOBA 

HHHa KayxLinwartirki 

pepli nopà*alowmx Hac xyiao*ecTBerimx npmemoB B 

ripose M. BynraxoBa cnerwer OTMeT14Tb pefflcoe °avute 

C xpomaTmtlecxxx HIOaHCOB 14 HeodmqHmti nojjxojj K 

npeilmeTHomy mHpy. KpoMe TOFO, emy ynaeTcs3 UBeTHb1M14 II1TpH - 

xama H3MeH14Tb IIJIOCKOCTH0171 npe,ameT 14 npeo6pa3aTh ero B 

penbecho-nnacTHLieciGnI, ovenoBemmTb TO, LITO dy/jTo amopepHo, 

14 B TO Bpemsi nepenaTb TOHKI4M14 OT/JelIbHb1MH macxama CJI0- 

*Heknule BHyTpernime owyweHmR. 

HTaK, OTMeTHM, LITO npo3a BynraxoBa BbISICHSIeTC31 3HaKOM 

rnodanbHogi nepeKorn4poBKl4, 14 3T0 OTp.',..314J10Cb ocodeHHo Ha 

npe.UMeTOM MHpe, B H3odpa»ceHmsa KOT0p0F0 mo*eT Ha6monaTb- 

C51 HOBaS1 KoHnenu4s1 cpopmm, KOTOpaY1 ymce oBilme.na *14B0 - 

PecumTenbHylo pOlIb B 3TOM npouecce chirpano BO3HHKHO-17HCb10. 

Beri14e HOBOfO urna B3a14MOCE131314 me*Ay sHyTpeHHea H BHeunieh 

cpopmamm. 3anasasa cede Bonpoc o npmtn4He HOBbIX B3a14M0oTHouletnik, 

Heodxonzmo piccnenoBaTb OTHOIlleH1451 nenoBexa K 

npenmeTy (BewecTBeHHomy MHpy), KoTopme de3yCJI0BHO 3aBHCAT 

OT Toro mcropxxo-xynbTypHoro KOHTeKCTa, K KOT0p0My OH14 

OTHOCATCSI. 

HHalle FOB0p51, Ham npmneTcsi 143y-1 I4Tb nw-whie CBS13H, KOTO- 

pme comatoTcsi me*ny KOHKpeTHbIM JIHUOM 14 BewamH, K KOTO- 

phim genoBex ripmacaeTcsi B HenocpegcTBeHHom, noBceínieBHom 

odHxo,ue. LlymaeTcsi, t1TO TyT HenNwHe dyneT O6paTHTb BH14Ma- 

Fute Ha 3TOT Ba*Hb1171 cpaxTop B 3B0J1101.11414 pyccxoR xynbTypm Ha 

pyde*e npownoro H HacTosiwero BekoB. 

flomwmo Bcero MbI HCXO.LIMM 143 yde*neH14s3, LITO menoBemec- 

xasg *I43Hb TecHo cBsi3aHa C 14C110J1b30BaHlleM BeweR, C BO3HHK- 

HoBeH14em HOBbIX npenmeToB, HHaz-le roBopA Tex npx3HaicoB, KO-

302 filma Kayx HIDBHJIN 

Topme RaioT nam BO3MO*HOCTb flp146J1143HTbC51 K 11p0HHKHOBeH1410 

B Tathible npnx-nibt COLIHaJIbH0 - 14CTOpHtleCKHX H3MeHeHH13 npn 

14CTOJIKOBaH1414 xy„EloAcecTBennoro TexcTa. 

B npon3Begennnx By.nraxoBa nopaNcaeT, 'ITO TpaAHLIHOHHble 

Tp013b1 TepsnoT CB010 MHCTO 3CTeTlitleCKO-CTHJIHCTI4MeCKy10 (PyHK- 

LII410, CTaHOBSITC5I )K1413bIMH o6pa3aMH, KoTopme B CBOIO onepeilb 

depyT Ha cedsì po.nb AeRcTBytoutero Anna, co-aKTaHTa (actant no 

Derrida), ec.nn TaK M0*H0 BbIpa314TbC51. Oinialco, no Hamemy mne- 

HHIO, MO*H0 COPOCTaBHTb (Pyi-almo Belgi,' 14 pailb KyK0J1b1114Ka, 

KOTOpbfl ,rtep)atT B pyKax mnorottnenennbie HHTH OTAelIbHbIX 

KOM13031411140HFIbIX ReRCTBFIR Aannoro TIOBeCTBOBaH1454. 

IlepBonalganbno MbI nonbiTaemcn 6.11nAce BCMOTpeTbC51 B 

tplynxianto 1.113eTOBOh rammbi H H3J10*14Tb HeCKOJIbK0 coodpaAcennk 

O 3HaMIIMOCT14 JumrBocnexTpa B 1-103THMeCK14X npon3Bemennsix 14 

yKa3arb Ha BO3MO*HbIe C6.1114>KeHH51 C *141301ThCb10. B 1982 roRy, 

n3ytian AznrBocneKTp FOF0J151, Si conocTaBn.na Bevepa 14 Ilerep- 

6ypruckie 170BeCTII, C ORHOli CTOpOHbI, H *HBOr114Cb BeHe1.114aHOBa 

c Apyroll. BbIRCHHJIOCb, MTO B Begepax npeo6.nai:taeT peutnTe.nb- 

HO Kpactibia uBeT — 15,56%; Ranee c.ne,ayioT neptibul 10,50% 14 6e- 

.nbik 9,33%, 3aTem 3OJIOTOh 8,17%, KOTOpb1R BmecTe C *eJITbIM CO- 

CTaBJ151eT 9,69%, a rany6oR H CHHH(%I BmecTe 8,36%. OcTa.nbnble 

nBernbie 06o3piatienkt6, B351TbIe BmecTe, He TIOCTHralOT 6%, XOT51 

OH14 pa36HTbl .Ha 11 OTTeHKOB. KpoMe Toro OKa3aJI0Cb, LITO KO - 

210p14THO-C10)KeTHbIe H c.noBecno-no3Tn4ecKne npnembt 3THX pac- 

CKa3OB nmetoT nema.no o6tuero c TemaTnxotI *14B01-1 14C14 H xpoma- 

TnmecKoh TeXHI4KOR BeneunanoBa. 

B IleTep6yprciaix noBecryne KapTnna menneTcyt. Ilpeo6.na,claeT 

6e.nbia naeT — 10,60%, KOTOpblk RocutraeT 10,13%, ec.nz BK.T110- 

TaKne cBeToo6o3na4ennsi KaK CBeT 14 CBeTJIOCTb B pamibtx MHTb 

rpagannnx ; K HI4M c.ne,ayeT Tak*e TIpHI-114CJIHTb 6J1eCK 14 6.11eCTS1- 

11.1HR 4,72%. CJIe,/10BaTeJ1bH0 Bb151CH51eTC51, LITO, Bonpelat noBepx- 

HOCTHOMy anegaT.nenkno, CBeTJIble OTTeHKH npeo6.naktatoT npa 

onncanna cepo-mepnoro IleTepdyprcKoro KnnmaTa. HanpontB, 

KpacnbnI 9,45% oTcTynaeT Ha Bropog amari, a mepnbul 5,40% H 

cline-rany6ok 3,71% ne Bb1,ReJ151K)TC51 cpe,rtn Apyrnx rpynn B 

fleTepdyprcKom .npnireocneKTpe Foro.nn (Kauchtschischwili 1983: 

123-150). 

3TH CTaTIICTIIMeCKHe Rannbie nia 3HatIHMOCTb KOTOpb1X yxa- 

3an B 1991 r. Ha Kon(pepenunn B r. TapTy M. FacnapoB) no,ritiep-

LIBeroaag ramma M npe,amertima mHp B Be.noGi rsammi M. Byffraicoaa 303 

KHBaIOT, LITO JuiHrBocneKTphi Betrepori H flerep6yprclaix paccica- 

30B (paKTHmecKm coBnaRaioT. Ho r.naBHoe, 3T1,1 cTaTHcratiecKze 

RaHHbie II03B0/15110T HaM yKa3aTb Ha 3Hatl 14MOCTb xpomaTkpiecxxx 

OTTeHKOB B xyAo*ecTBeHHoh KoHuenumm Foro.nsri CoBpemeH- 

Hble acc.nefloBaTenH JJOKa3aJIH, LITO aJlOrHMHOCTb npHilaeT xyAo- 

*ecTBetnibim npHemam Foransi HenoBTopmmylo opmrima.nb- 

HOCTb, 2 KoTopasi macTo nofflaepKmBaeTcsi npm nomou04 uBeTa. 

BblTb mo*eT, He 6yueT npeyBenHgeHmem CKa3aTb, LITO FOr0J1b 

HHonna MbICJIHT C IMMOLIAMO pa3J114 LIHMX LIBeTHbIX OTTeHKOB. HaM, 

Kpome Toro, HHTepecHo, LITO B BetlepaX BbijaensieTcsi tiepHbia 

UBeT, KOTOpbril coeLntHsieTcm C 3.nemenTamm nemoHHLiecKoro, a B 

taepHo-cepom IleTep6ypre nopa*aeT 6e.no-cBeT.nasi TOHal1bHOCTb. 

06111e143BeCTHO, LITO B COOTBeTCTB1414 C Teopmell Kpacoic FeTe, 

gepHbik uBeT, BmecTe C 6e.nbim H cepblM, oTcyrcTByer B xpoma- 

THMeCKOM cneKTpe 14.1114 B LIBeTOBOM Kpyre, TaK KaK 3TI1 uBeTa He 

nepeLlaioT CBeTa 14 enegoBaTenbHo 3T0 "HeLLBeT", T. e. axpomaTvfmecKpte 

eAHHHubi ; Toro *e KpwrepH.9 npmRep*HBaercsi 14 4)14/10 - 

Illonenrayep 13 cBoek Teopim KpacoK (Schopenhauer 1816). 

cocp 

Ho TyT He.nmume BCTIOMH 11Tb, LITO 6.naronapsi cTkixam BeJ114 - 

oTpHuaTenbHasi cpyHKumg mepHoro uBeTa OTCTy- KKX HO3TOB 3Ta 

naeT Ha BTopoR mnaH, LITO noRTBep*AaeT 3HameHHToe CTI4X0 - 

PeM6o "Voyelles" (1872), rile mepHbnI uBeT 3aHHMaeT TBopemle 

paBHonpaBHoe no.no*eHHe ps -mom c Apyri4mH KpacKamm, npa- 

Hail.ne*anutmH K OCHOBHbIM uBeTam TpaAvnuitonHoro JI141-1 1-B0 - 

cnexTpa. 14Hame FOB0p31, CTHXH PeM6o MO*H0 C 1-114TaTb HoBaTop- 

CTBOM: OH14 oTmemaioT HOBy10 opmenTaumo 13 xpomaTmmecKok 

KoHuenumm. 

To *e camoe MO*H0 cKa3aTh npo 6enbuI UBeT, eilkicTBeH- 

HbnI, Ha KOTOpOM mrtKpocTpyKTypa H3o.nmpyeTcs1, no MHeH1110 

cppaHuy3cKo2 ymeHof,i BaJ1/114ep, IIOCKOJIbKy 3TOT uBeT HmeeT 

1 Tyr xoue-rcs o6paTH -rb sHrimaHse Ha Hekoe npoTsBopeLnle. Hecmorps Ha 

TO, LITO FOr0.716, sonpexm co6cTseHHomy y6e*germo, npeAcTasAseTcs HaM Manocmapetimm 

*Hsornacqem, OH ace -Taxii anaAeeT CHOCOSHOCTIA0 "oxoism -rb" 

xa*,rAmll 1.(13eTOBOR Ma30K, npsnaTh i106omy use -ry oco6eHHylo xyao)KecTseH- 

Hyio cpyHxwilo. 

2 L. Pacini (1957: 13) j1oica3an so saeReHwm K nepesoAam Foro.ns, LITO B mmpe 

nHcaTeAs ace smsepHyro H wro cam OH cmo -rpeA Ha sce kak Ha onpoxmHyroe. 

IO. MaHH (1978) nymaaer npHmepHo Taxiim *e o6pa3om.

304 HHHa Kayx[111111BIL1114 

AsotiHylo IleHHOCTb: 3T0 6ec1IserHasi paca H o,aHospemeHHo 

.nyi-mcrsal 3HaK, C011ep>KalljHg Bei() rammy .nymesapHocrH (Vallier 

1989: 25). 

HasepHo, MO)KHO CL1 14TaTb xpomarpmecKylo LlyTKOCTb Foronsi 

npe,asecrHHKom nosopora B xpomarHmecKom socnpHsrrHH. C.710- 

BecHas3 Hrpa 101-OASI C LiepHsim 14 6ensim /401(a3:osaci" TOHKOCTb 

ero CJI0BeCH0-*HBOTIHCH0171 KFICT14, 14 Ka*ercH, 4TO OH, nopm6Ho 

Pemdo, 3HaeT, t1TO 31. 14 KpacKH sHyrpeHHe moaHcHposaHm 14 11TO 

sra moaHcHposKa 3aHHMaeT csoe mecro B C.TIOBeCHOM macreperse 

3T0r0 c.nosecHoro *Hsormcna. 3 

3Ta C130C06HOCTb moile.nmposaHHH paHHoro HeuBeTa no BHy- 

Tpemiell He06X0,RHMOCTI4 r103B0.7151eT OTHeCTH Foransi K npe/2- 

alecrseHHHKam asaHrapga. Ho r.nasHoe, OH ocynkecrskui C nomo- 

'amo c.mosa TO, sa 1-1TO 6ymyr 60p0TbC51 B Hatia.ne Haniero Beim, 

raxHe *14B01-1HC11b1 H reoperka4 KaK Kanin4Hciatgi H ManesPH4. 4 

110 MHeH1410 cospemeHmsix XyAO*H14KOB 14 reoperHxos, uaeT 

mo*er npesparwrbcH B npocrpaHcrsemissl meAmym, OH B COC- 

TOAHHH nepeRars gyxosHma mHp, owytaeHHA TOR cepephi, B icoropoR 

CBeT 14 mHp coe,aHmorcH. 3Ta reopHsi HCX0/114T OT 

Ce3aHHa H ero noc.nemosare.nefl, Koropsie cl-nra.nH user Be- 

AHKHM Hjleeit , B KOT0p0171 OCylikeCTBJISIeTC51 camasi 

CYTb "414CTOr0" pasyma. A cari Ce3aHH r0B01314.11npo ce6H: 

Korna si pkicyio, sì He nymai0 t1H o vem. CytuecTspor BO MHC TO.TH)- 

}(0 KpacKii, a KOTOpbIX TaHTC51 CBenTIOOTb, a 3Ta CBeTJIOCTb npe,g- 

CTaBASIeTCA mHe B CBOIO ot-iepe,rib cyrbio MblWjleHH.H. 

Ha camom Rene moKasamo, tiro H Ma.nesHH npHAep*Hsa.ncH 

raKoro *e npvniumna. 3TOT L1PICTb1H pasym OTpa314J1C51 14 Ha npacpopme 

xsampara Ma.nesvma, cpopme, Koropyio OH nofit-nisier ca- 

3 Be3yCJI0BH0 tiepHbal LIBeT SIBASIeTCY11103THHeCKHM 3.11eMeHTOM H ,a0 PeM6o, 

HO "Les Voyelles" BBel114 3Ty LiaerHylo rpyrirly CHPHL(HaJlbH0, ecral TaK MO/KHO 

BbIl3a3HTbC51, B no3TsiliecKHA JoIHrsocneKTp. 

4 03llaxo HarimwHe yKa3arb Ha 3HaLIHMOCTb xpomaTa3ma B pyccxoti KyJib- 

Typrioi Tpumusim, r,ae 6.narogapsi no,ri.rmmlicy, KoTopomy 1104HHHAJIIICb HICO- 

HOTIHCIAM, LtBeT0B0171 crieKTp yCBOHJI oco6eHilyio CHIABOJIHHHOCTb, KoTopon BCC 

MacTepa npniermataanrich. B HacTosace apemsi noRgerolaaercsr, IITO pyccKsin 

aaaHrapA yHaciiejlosan y ApeaHeR HKOHOITHCH xpomaTmiecxylo myrKocTb, xo- 

Topon oTrispiaercsi »cHaornicb Mancami-la, KaHAIIHCKOr0,

IlaeroBaR ramma u npepmenibiti mcfp B Be.noti raap,ami M. Byirraxoaa 305 

MbIM pa3Hoo6pa3Hbim HcribiTaHnsam OT pomda 110 KpecTa. 5 3T0 3KcriepHmeHTHpoBamme, 

3Ta ynpotneHnocTb nepBodbrrHoft npacpop- 

Mbl He npeRBeinaeT cmepTh ppet3Hero HcKyccisa a, HanpoTI4B, 

3HamenyeT con:tarme HOB0r0 prcicyccTBa. KOHTpaCT mexcily denhim 

14 1-wpm:dm, 14X onno314uHB nocne cpyTypHcmgecKoro LlBeTHoro 

onbrra cTaxer BexofA HOBOF0 Apepo B "CyrIpeMaTH3Me" comaH- 

Hom Manemqem. 

3314 coodpaNceHHA onpambiBaloT Haine peineHHe, npHc -rynpurb 

K xpomanmecKok ramme Bellog rsagamm, a 3aTem 3aAaTh cede 

Bonpoc, MO*110 AH 1-0B0p1-1Tb O no3T14LIecKom aBaHrap,ne y BynraKoBa, 

B TOM cmhicne, B KOTOpOM 06 3TOM TOB0p14TCA B *HBO - 

nO3TOMy MbI nonbiTaemcsi cnepBa 113yL114Tb OCHOBHb1e tlep- 

Tb1 JunirBocneKTpa 3Toro poMaHa. HaM wianocb Bb1 1-114C.IIHTb c.ne- 

Aylonime TadnHubi: 

uner 

A 

napHau -rhi 

B 

, une-r H 

BapkbiHrbr 

C 

OTABAbHble LiBera 

B /B4HrBocnex -rpe 

*e.wrisiti 16,70% 2,60% 19,33% 5,10% 

3onoTori 15,61% 5,94% 23,04% 6,09% 

xpacHbiti 21,18% 18,95% 40,14% 10,60% 

xpacxa 4,09% 1,08X 

xpoBb 6,31% 9,29% 1,37% 

po3oBbin 3,34% 3,34% 6,69% 1,75% 

orHemmiti 3,34% 1,48% 5,29% 1,27% 

nec -rphtfl* 7,06% 1,48% 8,55% 2,25X 

ro.ny6on 10,40% 2,75% 

C141-11111 13,22% 3,71X 15,61% 4,22% 

PHBOBblie * 2,23% 0,37% 2,68% 0,68% 

3enelibrn 12,63% 3,71% 16,35% 4,32X 

xopritrHeBbnl 4,83% 3,71% 8,55% 2,25X 

[ * no,ria. mbr npli4Henner4 H phnicHri. ** Cloga MM npw4mc.rugeb.414 uBerHo11]. 

5 Cp. xaTanor "Zeichen des Glaubens" (1980), rile HeonHokpamo ykaamsae -resi 

Ha 4:10pMaJlbHO-CHM80.71114ecKyto H une-mi:1310 opHrima.nbHocTb MariesHqa 

(Vallier 1989). 

D

306 HHHa Kayx£111111811,111 

3Ta nepBasi LiacTb Ta6J114L1b1 uBeToo6o3HaLlem4s4 B 

Haoromulem CMbleJle 3T0r0 cnoBa. 6 CAeRyeT B -ropasi Liac -rb co cBe- 

Too6o3HaLieHmsimm, BiunoLlasi Lieplibik 14 6e.nb1a, Hrpatoume OCHO- 

Bonartoralouwo pallb 13 313b1KOBOR *14B01114CH By.711"aKOBa. 

6e.nbiA* 30,11% 12,25% 42,37% 11,19% 

ci:se-muti 7,06% 5,20% 12,26% 3,14% 

6necry(unin 6,62% 1,76% 

H3PB3Bbl 2,23% 0,58% 

cepe6ps1tb1t1 5,20% 1,37% 

cepbtA 23,04% 10,40% 33,45% 8,84X 

6.nemmai 13,75% 3,63% 

Tymarnibm 8,92% 5,94% 14,85% 4,02% 

TeMH1s1B 8,92% 2,97% 11,89% 3,14% 

mepHbiti 57,99% 6,31% 63,94% 16,89% 

[ * CioAa Mbr npHtnic.nwrin cHer]. 

CloRcTynasl K Beiroff" Thapium, Mbl noc -rapaemcsi yKa3arb Ha 

OCO6eHHOCTH 1.113eTOBOClipmATHA: RymaeTcsa, Lrro KpacKa-nBeT 

npeRc -rarmeHa B noBeCTBOBaTeJIbHOh maHepe BynraKoBa B RByx 

acnex -rax: KaK camoc -rowrenbxo ReftcTByloupth 3JIeMewr, onpeRe- 

Asnouwif:t oco6y10 aTmoccpepy. 3Ty claymapno B 3TOM pomaHe 14C- 

B nepeylo oLiepeRb, Óenbiti useT. 7 

HTaK, 6bIJI 6e.nbffi" MOXHaTb11:1 ReKa6pb... ace BeTKH... 

ropy 3ame.no... 14 ciana riirati -reKasi caxapHasi ro.noaa. AtIom 

HaKpbi.no manKo2 6enoro reHepa.na (16-17). 

3Ty 6e.nkt3Hy noRTBep*RaeT "CHeAmblg, npeKpacHbn71 ropoR", 

HO H "6e.nbi2 ripoRonroBaTbill xne6" (21), sipKo 6e,nbie nHTHa, Ko- 

-rophimkt aBTop nbyrae -rcsi, Bonpelot BCeMy, nepeRa -rb 6e3msa -rewc- 

Hoc -rb a-rmoccpepbi Roma Typ6mHbix, necmoTpsi Ha Boemiyio 06- 

CTaHOBKy. 

6 A nonbrranacb HCCIlen0BaTb xpomanivecnno rammy no BO3MO*HOCTH TO- 

MHO, HO, 6bITb moNcer, 4TO B 37.0171 radmine HMelOTC.S1 HeBOCTBTKH. 

7 UHTaTb1 rIpHBOTHITCSI HO M. By.nragoa, Bermi rBap,4H.R; Tearpambniati po- 

Mali; Macrep H Maprapktra; Mocxaa 1975. CTpaH141.4b1 3T0r0 H3,BaHH51 ABIOTCS1 B 

rfiaaHom TexcTe. Ec.nn MT Apyroro ykaaaHHH, TO noilvepxnaato A.

ljaeroaa37 ramma H npegmertibul 14;9 a Benon raapami M. ByAraxosa 307 

Bropylo cpyHunno XpOmaTHLIeCKOF0 nsiTHa MO)KHO HaripOTHB 

onpe,aenHTb KaK acnomoraTenbHyro HJIH gononHaTeAbHylo, cnoco6Hyio 

npm,aa -rb oco6ylo oKpacKy modomy npeame -ry, mo6b1m 

BeiaecTaeHHhim LiacTHnam, mo6him LiacTsgm Tena H /2a)Ke Aywea- 

HbIM otaymeHHEm. HHaLie roaopsi, 6.rtaroilapsi nBeTy Beupt H n10/114 

npH06peTatoT 60JibIlly10 Bblpa31-11-enbHOCTb. KpoMe Toro OTRenb- 

HaA tiacTxua mo)KeT TiOnytikiTb, 6J1arOJIapA lipPICyTCTBH10 uBeTa, 

nownt CaMOCTOATenbH0e 3Ha4eFiHe H CrIOCO6CTBOBaTb penai- 

TenbHOmy 1,13meHeHHIO xoga pomarnioro cK»KeTa. A B KOHue KOH- 

UOB 3TH npHembi jjaiOT aBTOpy BO3mO*HOCTb A0C1 -144b caoe- 

o6pa3Horo "oLie.noaeLmaaHHA" oTgenbribix npemmeToa H kix Liac- 

Tek: 

HJIH 

B 6p0H30801,71 namne BcnbixHyn p030BM171 CBCT N 3a.nrin BeCb yron. 

nllaHHHO TIOKa3a.TIO yiOTHble 6e.nbie 3y6b1 H napTHTypy cbaycTa 

TaM, rie gepnbie HoTHwe 3a.K0p104KH HnyT rycTbim 4epHbim 

cTpoem H pa3HOLIBOTHbIP) pboKe6opOnbiPi BaJ1eHTHH noeT (33) 

B Liac nbiwa KpacHwm *apOm n0,4,4yBana, ywejl cepbtA, KaK 

*a6a, 6p0Henoe3n H AVIKO 3aBbIJI (34). 

IlTax, npi4 pt3p4eHini nepBoro pomama By.nraKoaa, 6pocaeTcsi 

B i-Jia3a, LITO 6e.ribal meT cocTaanmeT cpoH, Ha KOTOpOM Bbme- 

JIMOTC51 npeAmend H UBeTHbie OTTOHKH onmcbmaemok *H3HeHHOR 

06CTaHOBKH. C LIHCTO noaecTaoaatenbHot4" TOLIKH 3peHHA owy- 

THMO, 4TO BCA CIO)KeTHaSi JIHHHA npoTErHaaeTcsi me*ay AByM.S1 

n0.1110CaMPI: 6enhim H LlepHbim. Ho cpa3y ene,ayer 3aMeTHTb, LITO 

eptibia, KaK y Maneawaa, He aocripHHHmaercsi KaK HyneBoa, 3T0 

He OTCyTCTBI-le CBeTOTeHH RAM xpomarkraecKmx 1110aHCOB, a 

xpomaTH4ecKH-abipa3HTenbHa5 eAHHHua, nepeaalowasi oco6yio, 

caoeo6pa3Hyl0 TaopmecKylo 3Heprwo. 3aTeM c.ne,ayeT gO6aBHTb, 

LITO H 6enb1171 useT He npegcTaamgeTcsi npocTo npo3paLmocTbio, a 

cKopee 3HaKOm LlBeT0B02 ABORCTBeHHOCTH, O KoTopok roaopHT 

(PpaHny3cKasi HccnenoaaTensmnaa Aopa Baiumep, BBH/riy Toro, 

tiTO 3TOT UBeT B COCTOAHHH riepenaTb anyrpeHHHe 

nepe*HaaHHA. 

06Cy*AaA 3TOT Bonpoc, Heo6xo,ammo npe*,ae acero yTOLI- 

HHTb OCO6eHHOCTb me -roaoro AHHraocneKTpa ,aaHHoro npoH3- 

BeaeHma, KoTopoe oTAHLiae -rcsi KBankiTaTHBHO H KBaHniTaTHBHO 

peRKHM KpacoLmbim o6HAHem. 3TH UBeTOBble npmembi cocTa-

308 HHHa Kayx1111111B{1.1114 

BJ13110T 38,21X Bcex XyE10*eCTBeHHbIX npnemon; xpome Toro B 

uenom oTmegaeTen do.nee 30 L1BeTOBbIX odo3natiem4R. 3T0 KOJIH - 

mecTBeHnoe o6wrine nopa*aeT no cpannemno c npyrI4MH npne- 

mamm, TaKHMH KaK meTaciaopm H CpaBileH1451. 

1/13ylaasg npnnenennble Ta6.111,111,b1, OTMeTHM maCTOTY HCII0J1b30- 

BaH1451 mepnoro unera, KOTOpb1171 pocTuraer nomTn 64X H BHOBb 

3acTaanneT BCTIOMHHTb Ma.nennzia, KOTOpbfl npn,r(a..n 3Tomy une- 

Ty *143HeTB0pHbIR gmnamn3m. Bb151CH5leTCSI, LITO 3TH "Hausera" 

Aaxyr eMy BO3MO)KHOCTb ROCTFILIb conepmenno cnoeo6pa3nog BbIpa3HTe.T1bHOCTH, 

npeoRo.nerb He TOJIbKO Tpailnunomible uneTonue 

orpanngennn, B TOM tinc.ne H AnnrancTnuecKne. Kpome 

Toro, mem-1ml B pa3ribix comeTannnx /2(aeT By.nraKony BO3M0*- 

HOCTb *onr.rinpoBaTb C Tpe6ylotu4mptcn emy nbipa3nTenbno-xpomaTntiecKnmn 

npnemamn. 

3Ta BHyTpeHH515I cno6oLla 1103BOJISICT emy r10,111330BaTbC5I 

J1106bIM 1.113eTOBbIM OTTeHKOM H nBptrasicb neneil 3a KaH,FAHHCKHM, y 

xoToporo enne-rozy6ok uneT Bbl3b1BaeT oulyulenne xonopa, a 

anee KJIOHHT K JIHJI0B0My, KaK K cnoeo6pa3nomy nepexoRy 

vepnoTe, K TO171 emptnnue, xoTopasi B COCTORH1414 nepenaTb rpyc- 

Tno-Tsuce.nble nepe*nnannsa. Bo3npaina.sch K TeKCTy BbIPICHAeTC51, 

LITO c camoro nal-lana pana aTMoc4epa rpa*Aancxoll B0 .1;1HbI 

co3,43.eTcsi meplibimn 111T1314XaMH: 

Pa3MOT&MICb mepume FIATHIICTble nopTsuoi. Rom HHMH 1111.110Bble 

WeJIKOBble HOCKH... M131111.11aBBC1041:1. , B rp533nePiweú 6aTmc -roBoR co- 

pogKe, nepeKpeuiennoR gepubimii nonTRA(Kamn, B ClililiX 6pnn*ax 

co WTpHIIKaMH CTall TOHK11171 14 4epHb1171, 60/1bH0171 H *a.nimil. 110CH - 

Flemme .nanonm 3annenann, 3aulapkuni no n3pa3nam (24). 

Llepnbnl uneT CO CBOHM CHHe-J1H.TIOBbIM OT6J1eCKOM npeBpa- 

TFIJICA B HOBOe uneTnoe o6o3na9enne, a r103THLIeCKH B npzem 

nepena4H done3nennoro nywennoro COCT051H1451. CJIejl0BaTe.T1bH0 

MO*1-10 CKa3aTb, LITO laepnbiR 3amenEeT *e.T1Tb111, KOTOpbla nepe- 

nanan B XIX B. cTapL1eckn-6o.ne3nennble npktmeTbi H 661,71 3HaKOM 

nnyrpennnx cTpaLlapink, no xpan'neh epe y TypreneBa (Kauchtschischwili 

1969). 

Ho TyT nopa)KaeT H TO, LITO Annampixa LleplioTbi B COCTOSIHHH 

npenpaTnTb 6.necT5m.ine, odbmno y By.nraKona Terurbie n3panibi, B 

PPOTHBHO X0J10/411ble; CJIOBOM 1-4 e p H bi uneT BbITeCHSIeT TennoTy, 

yloT, 6.71ecx, CBeT, T. e., nce nono*HTe..ribnbie KagecTna, TpaRn- 

1.1140HHO CB513aHHbIe C TennoToCt n3pa3nono1A netnm.

neeroeasir ramma N npeamermAR mcfp e BeJloPI raapjiu M. Byerawea 309 

B KOHet-IHOM prore BynraxoB He orpaHHLBABaeTcH xpomaTH- 

LieCKH-,ByX0BHb1M naBmpoBaHmem KamptHcKoro, a npH6eraeT K 

mepHo-6e.nomy ,E1HHamm3my Ma.rieBHma, 14 o6oraulaeT ,c(Hana3oH 

3T0r0 TH(Hamkt3ma c rny6oxo ncptxonorkrgecimm moaHcHpoBa- 

HHem. B 3TOM 06Hapy>KHBaercH COBCpWCHHO 14CKJIIOLIHTellbHaSI 

THopmecKaH mila. H 3Heprma. roBopm, xygoNcecTBeHHoe 

nptcbmo By.nraKoaa pacumpHéT H coaepmeNcTByeT AOCTIDKeHHA 

pyccKoro aBaHrapila CBOHM HCKJ110 1-114TelibHbIM ymeHHem yJI0BHTb 

CJI0BeCHbIM xpomaTH3mom Te TOHKOCT14, KoTophie HeB03MO*H0 

nepegaTb TOJIbK0 *14B011 FICHOR KHCTbIO. 

14TaK, noLITHepAcpaercH, '(TO By.nraKoB ReficTByeT, KaK BeCb 

aBaHrapA, no BHyTpeHHek He06X0,a14MOCT14, T. e. coBepmeHHo 

CBO6OEIHO Bb16HpaeT xy;lo*ecTBeHHo-Bbipa3HTenbHbie cpencTaa, 

Koropme jIaIOT emy BO3M0>KHOCTb CO3LIaTb caoero pona C.710 - 

-114CHbik KO,a, B KOTOpOm CJI14BalOTCH cambie pa3Ho- 13eCH0->K141301 

o6pa3Hbie TeLleHHH aBaHrapna. OH HI4KOrLia He nanb3yeTcH Tpa- 

(papeTHbimPt npHemamm, cxopee npH6eraH K `ypojiosaHmo' npeAmeTa, 

npeRaBaH emy OTBpaTilTe.libHbik gepHo-cephik, macTo 

"rp513Hbill" OTTCHOK. 

ATMOCCI)epa rpa*RaHcKoR BOIThbi IlOCTORHHO mepHaH, 14 3T0 

macTo nox-iepiGtHaeTcH yCi4JICHHeM KOHTIYUCTa me>xiiy tlepHbim 

6e/IbIM 1411 H TeMHbIM H CHeTJHAM: 

BoKpyr FI0J1KOBHHK3 uapun Xa0C mHpomaHlisi. B nByx warax OT 

nero B MaJleHbKOH gepHoh negegKe Tpetuan Or0Hb, C y3.110BaTbIX 

Liepvibix Tpy6; TRHyBBIXC51 3a neperoporiKy H nponagaaanix TaM... 

m3pe1Ka Kanana LiepHayi *mica (79). 

B 3TOM tiepHom xaoce, Kpome TOTO, mutraioTcH )KyTKo-Liep- 

npenMeTbl: 

BblJle3J1H meptibie H cepme, noxo*He Ha 3J1bIX KOMapOB, ny.nemem!. 

CTyLia.nkt rakKvi, pianki Kneuim (90) 

H Bce 3T0 npoHcxogwr Ha epoHe 6e.noro cHera. 

B 3TOR noc.ne,rxHek HHTaTe HeTpypHo ycmorpeTb THIIHLIHO 

cynpemaTHcTcKylo Komno3Hukno: B HBeToBok onno3HHHH pa3Hoo6pa3Hme 

(popmbi cTpems3TcH RHaroHalibHo BBepx. 11Hb1M14 CJIO- 

BaMH, nBeTa 14 npeAmeTbi TAHyTCH gpyr K ppyry He no BHem- 

Hemy o6o3Hamenkno, a no BHyTpeHHe-gHaroHanbHok iumampce, 

ziTo6bi He orpaHyn-HtTb, He CTeCHATb BHyTpeHH1010 CBO6OLIy. Kpo- 

Me Toro, 5I BH>Ky HeKylo cynpemaTptcTcKylo HanparmeHHocTb 14 B

310 HHHa 

110CTOSIHHOM ripktcyrcTutH gByx TIJIaHOB: y BaCHJIHCbl MbICJIH 110- 

CTOHHHO TRHyTCSI nnepx, K HeCHOCHbIM, ero nyraioutax *HTeJIHM; 

KOPOLle FOBOP51, OH TIOCTORHHO *14BeT B ,nnyx nzaHax H 3Ta 

ABYX11.71aHHOCTb 51BII5leTCA e/AHHCTBeHHb1M, LITO B COCTOAHHH 

11PH,LIaTb 3TOR cepoh, 6ecuBeTHoh JIHMHOCTI4 TO arpruraTenbHoe 

H3MepeHHe, KOTOpOe Bb1Kpl4CTaJ1J11430BBIBaeTCSI npH npEmbim 

KOHTaKTe C 4IalIbILIHBb1M11 ReHbramkt (CM. Hime). 

TyT XOLleTCSI 06paT14Tb BH14MaHHe 11 Ha ApyroPt acnexT. B KYR')." 

TypHom pa3B1411414 Ha 3anage conocTaaneHme memciry mepHEdm H 

6eJIbIM Hrpa.no B KoHne nponmoro Ben. Hemanona*Hylo POJIb H 

3T0 TeCHO CBF13aHO C OKKylIbT143MOM, KOTOpb1t1 OXBaTHJI He TOI1b- 

K0 3anaij, HO H POCCHIO. OKKy1IbTH3M BHjjeJ1 B onnoaanaH me»cfty 

tiepHum 14 6enh1m cnoero poiia anbcpy 14 omery menoHenecicoro 

61)IT1451. B canem Cours de philosophie occulte anwpac .TIem4 nHcaJI: 

...le noir est l'ombre du blanc et le blanc est la lumière du noir. L'esprit 

se refletc dans la matièrc et la matière ne se montre que pour révéler 

l'esprit; l' esprit est la pensée de la matière. S'il n'y avait pas l'ombre, la 

lumière ne scrait pas visiblc (Levy 1988: 30). 

3 -rii coo6paweHHH OTHIO,E1b He My*,/lb1 By.rtraKoay KaK Ja0Ka3b1 - 

cnezyloutast URTaTa: 

BaeT 

non6excan meil.nerimo K cnackre.nbribim pyKam H.. npoaa- 

JINJICA B yaKyio luenb KaJIHTKH B nepeasirmok LiepHoil 

Ka.rim -rKa noLt pyKamm *eHll(HH61 B LiepHom... aax.rionily.nacb. F.Tiaaa 

)KCHILIHHbl ot-iyi-kunicb y CaMbIX I'lla3 Typ6HHa. B HHX OH CMyTHO 

ripogriTan peWHTBIlbHOCTb, neVICTBIle H HepHOTy (187). 

LiepHoTa nhipamcaeT TyT KaKY10- TO cexpeTHo-marptvecKyto CHny, 

KoTopaH on.nafiena repoem noica OH 6opo.ncH C Heti B dpeny; 

HO H nowle Bb13,CIOPOBJleHHH OH eine ,ao.riro 6y,ae -r *HTb nom 

TaHHCTBeHHbIM ottaponaHmem 3T01:1 marwiecKoh CHJIbI, KoTopaH 

emy OTKpbIJIaCb B "yaKoH «te.rnt KaJIHTKH". B gepHoTe cicpbmaeTcH 

TàKàA cexpeTHo-nome6Ha1 

Typ6HH... arnsifiencsi B 3pa4KFI riaLtmewra... Ho 3pa4noi y a.narie.nb- 

u,a Koabero mexa OKa3B/111Cb 06MKHOBBHHble, TOJIbKO no.nribie 

neLianbHoil LiepHoTogí (256). 

TYT 110FIBJ151eTCSI Heo*Paatitio HOBaSI ripvimeTa: KaK B cia3Kax 

TaHHCTBO cKpbmaeT cocTpanaHme, >KaJIOCTb HeHamepHmoh r.ny- 

614Hb1 (Hoisington 1981: 44-45).

IlBeroBasi ramma H npe4membul Nuip a Benoti mapz414 M. ByirraKoBa 311 

MOIIIHOCTb TailHok mepHoh CHJIbi o6Hapy*H.nacb e camoro 

Hatia.na, B mpatnsoil aTmoccpepe, xoTopasi ma.no no many yera- 

HaBJIHBaeTCS3 B pomaHHotl xanue, 14 13HyTpermsi5i )KI43Hb repoes 

BbiKpl4CTaJ1J11430BbiBaeTC51 B 3T0f:1 KOHTpaCTHOCTH Me*My 6e.T1bIM 14 

tlepHbIM: 

AfieKceVi BO TbMe, a EJleHa 6.nicKe K oKowKy, H BHLIHo, LITO r-Jia3a 

ee LiepHo-Hcrlyramiw.. CKaTepTb, HecmoTpsi Ha nywK14 H... Ha Tpe- 

Bory... de.na H KpaxmanbHa (20). 

3TO BHOBb HariomPtHaeT cyripemaTHcTcxylo KOMTIO3HUHIO, r,rle 

ripeAmeTbi AFSHaMPILIHO cTpemsiTcH Emepx Fi 0,/114H K Apyromy 14 

3Ta "Kpaxma.m2HocTb" ripstilaeT 6e.nst3He OCO6b1V1 OT6JleCK, 

3Heprsno, xoTopasi oTpa>KaeTcsi B 14cnyre Lieptibix r.na.3. 

KopoLie roHopsi, n0 BbIllie yKa3a.HHoPt xpomaTHzrecKoR Teopsm, 

HecmoTpsi Ha ripeo6.nariaHme LiepHoTbi, B 6e.nom ripornsmbiriaer 

oT6.necK CBeTa, Hafte*flbi. 

3aTeM xotieTcsi OTMeT14Tb, LITO B o6uteil KOMr103141AHOHHOR 

KaHue, KaK B CynpemaTH3me, mepHomy uueTy (Yepnbie Boficia) He 

TOJIbK0 17pOTHBOTIOCTaBIISHOTCR CBCTIlble luTopm, T. e. THX14a 

mamm4f1 6bIT. rlyTem KOHTpaCTa comaioTcsi 14 Apyrste 1.1BeTOBbIe 

nsrrHa, KaK HaripHmep 3eviemble 170FOHM, B KOTOpb1X OrISITb ripo- 

cuenstuaeT "LiepHoe" HectiacTHe. C.rtegouaTe.nbHo, mo*Ho /loda- 

BSITb, LITO y ByJifaKOBa *H3HeHHbIe TakHbi nepeiJakiTcsi TaKHMH 

xpomanmecKstmsi HioaHcamH, xoTophie nonTuep*Aakr, tiTO "le 

noir est l'ombre du blanc et le blanc est la Iumière du noir". 

KorRa krepHbitA urteT AomstrimpyeT B o6iijeh necTpoil Kap -rime, 

TOrRa OH crioc06eH riepe,riaTb Ty xpai7tHioio 3M011140HaTIbHOCTb, 

xoTopasi cusnaHa CO CMyTHb1M upemeHem: 

reHepan no6.netmen eepeHbK02 6.nenHoe -rbio, nepemeTHy.n B3rJ151/1 

C Arnia Hafi Ha Tpy6Ky TeJiecpoHa, OTTy,aa Ha 14KOHy 50*bei1 Ma - 

B KOpuLtope 3arpemeno... H KpacHwe OKOJIMILN... H tiepHbie 

WTbIKH 3aMeAbKaJlil B nBepstx (135). 

3TH CJI0BeCHbie KapTHHbi, CO3,EjaHHbie *I4B0r1HCHOR KHCTbIO, 

AOKa3b1Bai0T, ITO n 14CaTeJ110 maeTcsi ripeogo.neTb OTAeJibHbimi4 

TOHKHM14 1IBeTOBbiM14 Ma3KaMI4 J114HrBHCTI4tleCKy10 yCJI0BHOCTb. 

*stuonacHbie Ma3KH ripeBpaillarOTCA B 3HaK14/npllembi, KOTOpb1M14 

wiaeTcsi ROCTFILIb Heo6b14Hoil BH/jMMOCTH pea.nbHocTss 14 n.nacTH- 

MHOCTH 6.naroLlapsi xpomaTsmecKok 3Hep1141,1 UBeTa; 3Ta 3Hepr151 

B COCTORH1414 C006IgHTb AyX0Bilb1k Astana3oH modomy dbITOBOMy 

npemmeTy.

312 

HHHa Kayx ,111111BHJIIi 

Kopozle roBopA, nmcaTe.mohKmBonmcny yLiaeTcsi "nepeopra- 

H1,130BaTb" FlpOCTpaHCTBO, npeilocTaBARA Ka)K.tIOMy npelimeTy 

oco6yio xyAmKecTBernipo 4/yHK141410, HCKJI/0 1-114TejlbH0 13 COOTBeT - 

CTBHH C BHyTpeHH14M14 Tpe6oBaHH2mm. 143 nocnewiero nplimepa 

BbISICHReTC51, LiTO By.nraKoB, KaK. Manemu, ripH6eraeT K necTpo- 

Te, ora OH y6e*,BeH, tiTo °Ama LiepHoTa 14J114 6e.ux3Ha He B 

COCTOSIHHH 110.71HOCTb10 nepe,BaTb BHyTpeHtnoio 3Heprkno x TaFi - 

Hble npoOnecKH cBeTa. 

BepHemcm K OTHOWeHHAM me*gy ByAraKoBbim 14 aBaHrapRom. 

cKa3aHHoro Bblllle MO*H0 J:106aBl4Tb, L1TO Ma.nemvi CTPe- 

MHTCSI K npacpopMe, 3Kcnepmmewmpysa OTHOIlleH1451 me*Liy BHyT- 

perineg 14 Brieumek cpopmoR, jIO TeX nop, noia. BHyTpeHH3331 

3HeprMsi He no6eANT OKOHLIaTeJlbH0. 3TO pe3y.nbTaT nom-coro 

110,[11111HeH1451 cBoeú nanl4Tpbl TOJIbK0 CO6CTBeHlib1M npaBmnam; 

necTpoTa oTcTynaeT Ha BTOpOh 11.71aH, 11033B.T15110TCA ApKze Kpa- 

001-1Hble 1151THa, B KOTOpb1X npocBel-nmatoT CBeTOBble OTTeHK14, MX 

noTeHumanbno Bblpa3FITeJlbHaR 3Heprkm 143mepsgeTcR B CpaBHe - 

H1414 C LiepHbim H 6e.nbim. 

HaM KamceTcyl, IATO no/Io6Hoe npoHcxoppur 14 y BynraKoBa: OH 

3KcnepmmeHTupyeT 533bIKOBb1M14 npktemamz, 'coi -01)1,1e ero peinco 

W2013.71eTB0p5310T..KaK 14 Maneu3Lc OH 60peTCSI 3a c.noBecHylo npa- 

(popmy 14 emy Ka.)KeTcsg, LATO ee MO)KHO ,E1OCTI4LIb TOJIbKO C nomouu3K) 

npe,umeToB H KpaCOK, co3,Basayi cBoeo6pa3Hylo cnoBecHylo 

npacpopmy: CJI0B0/npeAmeT H C.710B0/KpacKa. 

TaKoe HcKaHme npacpopmbi OTpa314/10Cb B 0006011 CTHJIPICT14- 

Ko-cpuiecTenmecxoh opraHm3ausx TeKcTa: 

Torna TpeBora N TOCKa B p030BOA CflailbHe Bilpyr CTa.TIFI Tafab H 

pacnnweaTbcsg. TocKa apkmna, KaK cepb:Pi KOM, pacceawkiAcsi Ha 

onerane, a Tenepb oHa npeepaTH.nach B weirrble CTpyHbI, KoTopme 

ElOTEHyJIIICb, KaK B0410p0C1111 B Bone (175). 

MbI yAce Bzne.nvt, MTO O6CTaHOBKa rpa*,BaHcKoR B0171Hbl Tpe- 

6oBana Heo6bp-moro cTH.nmcnpaecKoro maTepmana: 

B TemHoTe KopHnopa, non Ma.IBIHOBbIR THX0Hblaftl . 3ByK wnop, 

CTy,43HHCKIià 3aroBoprem HerpomKo (91) . 

BbIpa314TellbHOCTb uBeTHoro nwrHa HHTeHcmcpwaHpyeTcs4 TyT 

3ByKOM, Hmeioncktm TONICO Boemlyto oKpacKy, cnoco6cTBysi ycBoe- 

HHIO coBepuieHHo lay*,Bok aTmoccpephi. kiHb1M14 CJIOBaMH, BynraKOB, 

KaK KaHRHHCKHCI 14 CKp.51611H, macTepcKm cov-ceTaeT xpoMa-

Ileeroeast ramma H npezmentma mFfp e Benon rBapnuil M. Byitraicoaa 313 

TwiecKo-aayKoayio TOHaJIbHOCTb H noiltunisieT ee CJIOBeCHOR 

He06X0,(114MOCT14. ClIen0BaTeJI 12H0, BylIF4K0B, KaK nOCTOeBCKHR, 8 

a nonce 14 aaaHrapii nO,BLIHHReTCA TOJIbK0 allyTpeHneil "noTpe6- 

HOCT14" 14 comaeT oc06eHHylo cnoaecHo-xpomanmecKpi-myabi- 

KaJIbHy10 npatlaopmy. 

Ilepekilem Tenepb K mmpy npemmeToa, KOTOpbfl Mbl paccmoTpHm 

npenmymecTaeHHo noi( 1.1EleTOBbIM yrnom apeHmm. HeTpyiTho Ao- 

KaaaTb, MTO PICTOJIKOBbIBa51 chniKukno aToro npejimeTHoro mnpa, 

nncaTe.rno/xyRo*Hyncy yilaeTcsg, no y6e*AeHnio Il. A. cknopeHcKoro 

(1985: 320), 

npeo6pa3H -rb geriererrenbHOCTb. Ho j:leFiCTBHTellbHOCTb eCTb 

J1HWb oco6aR oprarniaawisi npOCTpaHcTBa; H eneT(osaTe.rtbHo, 

aanaLla ricKyccTaa — nepeopramiaoaaTb npoc -rpancTao, T. e. op- 

raH1130BaTb ero nO HOBOMy, yeTpOliTb nO CBOeMy. 

na.nee (1).flopeucion1 nogepKnaaeT, LITO 

xyrIcoiceCTBeHnasi cyTb npepmeTa eCTb cTpoeHrie ero npocTpaH- 

CTEta, HJ1H claopmbi ero npocTpaHcTaa, a lu1aCCH4114KaLIHH npolia- 

BeAeHHA HCKyCCTBa Haivie*HT npe*ge acero HMeTb B amAy 3Ty 

(Dopmy. 

110j1 TaKI4M yr.nom apeHnsi 14 C TOMKPI apeHmsi aanajmoro 4114- 

TaTe.rug Mbl HamepeHbi npncTynnTb K nap-ieHmo HeKOTOpbIX 

npeRmeToa B BemoR rBagami 14 Hal-mem c paHee HCTOAKOBaHHOR 

-napaanoaok, ro.n.naHilcKoCt nez-m". 11054BMBIBHCb B camom 

.ne TeKcTa, OHa He TaTibK0 abicTynaeT KaK )Knaoe cymecTeo. B 

pa3B14THH pomaHHok KaHBbl B ne.nom, HO 14 KaK npeAmeT, C KoTophim 

/10.11*Hb1 copaamepsabcsi ace nepcona*n. 3TH mapaanbi ripptaneKaioT 

acex K celie: OHM 3aCTaBJIRIOT Ka*goro tulena cemba 

Typanibix H HX ppyaek BCTynHTb C 1114M14 B J114MHbIe CHOIlleHH51 14 

OT 314X OTH0111eHH171, OTMaCT14, 3aBHCHT cyab6a Ka*poro OTAeJIb- 

Horo Anna. 

LIa.nee nopa*aeT, LITO 3TOT npe,qmeT (nemb) ynomHHaeTem 

CpaBHMTeJ1bH0 peRKo 14, ace-TaKn, r.ny6oKo apeaaercsi B Luna- 

TenbcKylo naMATb. Y)Ke Ha nepabix cTpaHnuax noaecTm 3Ta netib 

8 Y nocroeacxoro Liwraem B /70,LWOCTKe: "...5I Bflpyr Buyma.n 3amicarb C/10 - 

BO B CJIOBO... B3Ayman yro aciteRcrain BurpeuHeil noTpe6Hocni" (XIII. 5).

314 HHHa KayX:IKL7BILITH 

Bo3HHKaer Heo,aHoKpaTHo (14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 34). H Tyr 

xoTenoch dbl aameTprrb, MITO B nepBoa qacTm np0x3BeiJeHmsi oHa 

mcnonnisieT Ba*Hylo ponb, KoToppo MO)KHO yrionoarrb xopy B 

rpeqecKok mxc -reppm. Ha camom Aene epe 3Ty negli) Mbl 3HaKo- 

MHMCA C AeacTelytoulzmm nptuampt, 06CTOSITeJIbCTBaMH HX *H3HH, 

KOH(PJIHKTaMH B MX cyAb6e. 14Hb1M14 C.TIOBaMH, HaM Ka)KeTcsi, MITO 

3TOT npeAmeT CHMBOJI Bceh *1431-1eHHOPI cHTyansm aroFf pomaH- 

HOR KaHBbI. 

110TOM Hano ,/106a1314Tb, MITO 3Ta "Belgi," BbI130.71H3leT B 6yKBaJIb- 

HOM CMBICJIe H cpyrnalmo CJIOBa, H B TO Ace Bpemsi BHHMaTeJIbH0F0 

"Ha6nxmaTensi", KoTopbul aKKypaTHo "perkicTpmpyeT" Bce TO, MITO 

HenocpeAcTBeHmo CB513aHO C CyAb60171 cembm Typaibix. HeTpm- 

HO onpe,genzTb, MITO 3TOT npenmeT HrpaeT Tyr pOJIb iletiCTBy10- 

utero /Mila HJIH rpemecKoro xopa, ycBaktBasi p0Ab creHHott ra3e- 

TbI, KoTopasi Bce cpincalpyeT; CJIOBaMH, 3T0 AmBasí na- 

M51Tb, cemePtHasi xpoHmKa, KoTopasi Bce depeKeT Ansi 6y,flymero. 

Ha camom Acne no 3aratcsim Ha ee pt3pa3uax MO)KHO cneAwrb 3a 

rAaBHb1M14 CO6bITHAMH K nepe*FtBaHmsgmpt, noTpeBo*mBrummst cemel7tHylo 

)XM3Hb Typ6HHhix. 

B TO Bpems3 KaK noBecTBoBaTenbHbie HHTH nepenneTaioTcsa H 

nepeKpeuptBaK)Tcsi, neqb icaK 6131 TepsieT BpemeHHo CB010 BJIaCTb, 

n1460 p0Ab KyKOJIbHPIKa H CO6bITHS3 ene HJIH TOJIbKO KOCBeHHO 

Hee /40X01 5IT. l'IHbIMH CJI0BaMH, 3TOT ronnaH,r(claift 143pa3eu npe- 

BpanmeTcsi B npocTylo negli), yrpaqmeasi p0Ab rpeqecKoro xopa 

H aKTaHTa. OftHaKo 3TH CTeHlible 3aTIPICH — FlaM51Tb — He Hctie - 

aaioT H coxpaHsuar KaK 6b1 Ta171H0 Bce jjnA 6y/2(yIljeFO. 

Ho 3Ta nepexowiasi cpyrapi53 npephmaercsi BHe3aTIHbIM 

3113.1IeHHeM B ee npocTpaHcTBeHHom BnageHmki HaM 3HaKOMbIX JIHU 

H ChTHKUHR rpemecKoro xopa He TOJIbK0 B0306HOBJISIeTC33, HO H 

RocntraeT cBoero anocpeo3a. nemica npeAcTaeT nepe4 HaMH, 

Korila cyAbda TypdmHa npeTepneBaeT pemaionzma Kpm3Hc, Koula 

onacaloTcsi, MITO OH He nepe*KBeT cmepTenbHort 60.TIe3HH (250). 

BCeM rIpHX0/21HTC.51 BHOBb Bceue.no OTAaTbC31 noKpourrenbcTay 

CaapRama", *MaTb OT Hee oKoHqaTenbHoro pememsi 

"CyAb6bi". 

CnefloBaTenbno, 3TOT npeAmeT rny6oKo BpeaaeTcsi B LIHTa - 

Te.TIbCKy10 naMATb , 6naro,aapsi TaKomy aKTI413HOMy riaermio B 

CO6bITHAX, xoTopme B36y1(Opa*HBalOT )KH3Hb 3TO1 CeMbH. 3a Bce 

3TO Bpemsi, KTO 6b1 HFi TIOSIBHJICA B cemekHom npociparterBe

Lir:ferma'? ramma H npepmenibin mmp e Benoil rapi M. Byeraxoea 315 

Typ6141-1bIX, BCe 3HaFOT, LITO mHoroe B 14X cyAbde 3aBHCHT OT 3T0- 

ro H3pa3na-noKpoBHTensa. 

OimaKo rnydoKo Jatimbie OTHOIlleHHA ByJIraKOBa K 3TOMy 

npeAmeTy HaXOAAT noirrBep*ReHme B TenpaAbHom pomame. 

TaM BHOBb rIOABIISIeTCA "ronnaHma.", HO MOCKOBCKaA nelib 

AekcisyeT .1114Wb BpemeHmim npH3HaKom BHyTpeHHero BOJIHeHMA 

MaKCyROBa, a ".THumbie" OTHOWeHl4A C 3THM npe,ameTom oTcyr- 

CTBylOT. BOTIpeKH 3TOMy 14 orla BCe-TaKH CJ1y*HT *14BbIM AoKa3a- 

Te.nbcTBom Tomy, turo onpeiTe.neHHaH Bemb mo)KeT BbICTy1114Tb 

BHeIIIHI4M npH3HaKom BHyTpeHmero BOJ1HeHHA, XOTA Orla 1-10- 

ABIIAeTCA TOJIbKO mwmoxogom, He CTOJIbKO BpemeHHo ReacT- 

Bylouním AHnom/actant, a cKopee cnyrHHKom, KoTopbia no,rwep- 

*HBaeT omHy 143 110BeCTBOBaTel1bHbIX HHTef:1 neHTpa.mbHoro XOAa 

clo)KeTa. 

KpoMe Toro, nosmneHmem "3amegaTenbHog net14" (17) noil- 

THep*TiaeTcsi TO TIOCTOAHCTBO (KOHCTaHTa), O KOTOpOM F0130p5IT 

CeMHOT14K14 14 cTpyKTypamIcTbi. Petah HAeT O pOJIH OTAe.T1bHOR 

"BeigH", KoTopasi cyuiecTByeT B npocTpaHcTBe HJ114 oKpy*alowef.1 

cpeRe 3Tok netn4 14 CTaHOBIITCA BpemeHHhim CllyTHHKOM, 

COOTHOCHTeJ1bHbIM 3J1eMeHTOM. B OTI114 1-1 Ile OT nepBoa noliecTa, 

nnaBHoe AefAcTByloulee J11,1140 TyT He BcrynaeT B IIII4HO-14HTHM- 

HbIe OTHOUICH14A C no6ol1Hbimm npemmeTamH, TaK KaK OHM JI1411113 

BpemeHHo C Hei1 CTaJIKI4BalOTCA. Ho c.negysi 3a TOJIbK0 Bpememio 

110AB14B11114MCA npeRmeTom/aKTaHTom, noArgaeTcsi anetiaTneHme, 

LITO BO Bcex 3THX BeIlleCTBeHHbIX MeJ10 1-1aX oTpa>KaK)Tcsi OTpe3KH 

JIALIHblX, ocodernio lgyTKKx OTHOIlleHHR aBTopa K npegmeTHomy 

MHpy. 

cpyliKuHA Beulefi/aKTaHToB He HemepnbmaeTc5( JI 114- 

Hb1M oTHomeHHem, HO Ba>KHO TO, 'ITO Ha OCHOBe TaK0f:i CBA3H 

onpe,r(e.neHHaH "Bea b" npeBpawaeTcH B aKTHBHO AeticTByloriluti 

ABHraTenb EtHyTpH 1-10BeCTBOBaTeJIbHO4F KaHBbI: npeAmeT cTano- 

BFITCA npmemom, KOTopblh BomeiAcTByer Ha XO,L1 CO6bITHR: TO 3ameRAHeT, 

TO ycKOp5leT, J11460 Heo*HgaHHo npepbmaeT noBecTBo- 

BaTeAbHyK) HATb. 

LtpyrKm TaK14M Ilpe,E1MeTOM M0*H0 CI-114TaTb "KpemoBbie unopm", 

KoTophie T1OABJIAIOTCA To*e J114Wb HeCKOJIbK0 pa3 B npocTpaHcTBe 

Aoma Typ6HHbix B camom Hataane Banofi rBappmm (19, 

35, 40). HO 3Ta "Beinb" cpa3y 3anomptHaeTcH 1.113eTOBbIM HF0aHCOM: 

urropEd KpemoBoro nBeTa Tor/a, KOrLa OHM nepeRaloT ounneHHe

316 

litatra KayxiiiillIBK1111 

}flora H aTmoccpepy TOR HHTHMHOCTH, KOT000171 oTAHLiaeTcH 

mannimk 6bIT Typaibrx, nonpeKH CTOJIb CJIO)KHOIÌ rmennieti od- 

CTaHOBKB. 3TOT npeilmeT RefAcTnyeT campeTe.nem, THXO H Ao6popyruHo 

Ha6.nroilarour4m 3a ncem, H KaK 6b1 Llyacisyercsi, LITO 3TH 

IIITO0bI BCé H ncex B3SLIIH I-10A CBOIO 3auraTy. TyT BbIFICHSIeTC51, 

TITO LIBeTOBOR OTTeHOK B COCT051HHH npmaTb npeAmeTy conep- 

IlleHHO cnoeo6pa3Hyro 311aLIHMOCTb, 06bILIHO emy He CBORCTBeli - 

tipo. 

EneHa n.naxa.na 

B KomHaTe... rge 3a CHTLACBOPI. 3aHaaecKoll... y ItHHKOBOFI BaHHbl, 

meTanocb n.namsi cyxok... 6epe3bi (28). 9 

B 3TOPI mcaincoh aTmocepepe yloT Hc4e3 H C HHM H3MeHH./IC51 

"icpemonbie OTTeHOK. liname ronopm, LuTopa npel3panurach B 6e3- 

JIHKy10 cHTnenylo 3aHaBecKy; 110Tepsn3 useToHoll OTTeHOK 3aHanecKa 

CTaHOWITCSI npocTo 6b1TOBbIM npe,nmeTom. 3To npe,nHecTHHK 

Hain3Hra1ourefica OfIaCHOCTH. "OXpaHHTe.lIbHa51" 4TS/HKLII4 SI coupureHHo 

Hc4e3aeT. 

0,allaK0 3TOT npenmeT nbrerynaeT H KaK Ba)KHbII1 KOM1303H - 

IIHOHHbIII npHem. KaK H y FOrOJI51, 3arainca KJUOMeBO1 (1)3/HKIIHH 

3TOR BeU M pa3bAcHHeTcH TOJIbKO Ha nowreprnmx cTpaHHHax HTopot1 

fOJIOBHHbl nonecTpt, xpemonbre IIITO0b1 BHOBb 0051B.TISHOT - 

C31, KorAa Esce BepHy.nHcb K 6buromy "TenJIy H yIoTy", B TOT from, 

ri:re 661.1111 

3amegaTe.nbHme Kpemoeme WTOpb1 Ha ecex oxHax, 6.naronapsi 

14emy gyecTayewb ce5H OTOpBaHHbIM OT eHewHero mHpa (199). 

HHatre roBopH, 3rrech BbIfICHEeTC51, LITO 3TOT BHeIIIHHfi 17pH3- 

HaK yKa3bmaeT Ha npmcyTernkte Efflyrpemiek CB5131.1 me*Ay BH- 

AHMbIM H HeBHAHMbIM mHpampt. 

XoyeTcH noRtrepKHyTb, LITO H 3Ta "Belljb", KaK H neLiKa, n0- 

ABJISIBTC51 H B Apyrkrx noBecTsix; MbI BHOBb HerpegaemcH C Hek B 

TeaipambHom pomaHe, npenpaTH.nacb B "Tro.nenylo 3aHa- 

Hecxy". HecmoTpH Ha KamecTneHHoe H3meHeHHe ("urTopbr" CTaJIH 

npocTo "3aHanecKoin, ee p0.1113 B CyRIHOCTH ne H3MeHHJIaCb, orla 

H TyT BFIHMaTeJIbH0 c.neAHT 3a Bcem H ncemy II0K0OBHTelIbCT- 

9 Ilpfmazine*aT K 3TOB *e KaTeroppi: "6e.nbre 3aHaBecH" 83 ; "6e.rieribxasi 

urropia" 160, 176; "wropa", 191, Koropme nostansuorcsr H B aapliaHre "aaseca 

(Spena" 251; "paaiiast 3aBeca TymaHa" 254 ; "aaliasec Bora" 270.

Lieeroaasi ramma H npepmenfkal mcfp e Benoil raapnwii M. By.nraxoea 317 

ByeT. Ho BOT olia CTaHOBIITCSI *epTBOR "»lpnoro, nanocaToro 

KoTa", KOTOpb114 "BuenktAcn B neé H no.ne3 aBepx. TIOnb He BbI- 

gepAcan... 14 Ha HeM Tormac TIOSIBI4J114Cb Ampb1" 14 HaKOHell KOT 

"cnan3 c 3anaBecKn, pacnopoB ee Aonn3y". (360). 

TyT cuTopm/3aHaBecKa Heo*HAanno npeBpanumcb B KJI0z4KH 

14 KaK 6b1 OTpeKJIHCb OT BC53KOF0 COLlyBCTB1451. TeM He meHee 3Ta 

Belgi) n0 npe*nemy Bb1170JIHSIeT p0Ab ApeBnerpemecKoro xopa, 

crana. rAacom HeH36e*HOCTI4 cyAb6b1 MaKcyRoBa. 3anaBecKa 

noATBep*AaeT, LITO npegmyBcTemn New-lampi BCe-TaKH He o6manyAn 

MaKcyAoBa. 

Ty )Ke (PYHK1.11110 Bb11 -10J1H5310T ponAb, camoBap, HOTb1 "cDayera", 

"6pon3oBbia nacTymeK" na macax, nrpalownx raBoT, a6aicyp, 

macTn Tena , oAe*Aa H Aa.)Ke eAa. 3ToT nocAeAnng "npeAmeT" 

npmAaeT HeKOTOpb1M cneHam zomoil KOJI0p14T 14 onyxarBopneT 

ar,ne.nbnme npknonomennn cBoeR PICKJ110 1-114TenbHOR *143HeH- 

HOCTb10 14 BbIpa314TenbHOCTI510 KaK y Forann. 

FlpeAmembik mmp y ApamaTypra ByAraKoBa He orpaHntin- 

Baercsa CHMBOJIHtleCK011 14.7114 co-aKTepcKok cpyramert. lipeAmeT 14 

KOMI-103141.X110HHaS1 eAkinua, aKTMBHb1171 LiepTe*HnK, KOTOpbIR 

o6p1coBbmaeT OCHOBHble JIHH1414 (rpanknabi cuenapnn) npocTpan- 

CTBa, KaK AoKa3a.nz npmBeilernime npnmepm. Ho rAaBnoe, — BeIIjb 

B COCTORHHH 06pHCOBaTb OCHOBHble LiepTbi xapaKTepa Aetler- 

Byloaptx J11411. ilymaeTcsg, LITO ,EIOKa3aTenbCTBOM mo)KeT cAy*aTb 

nonBAenne JI 14 1-1HOCT14 anTaronncTa B p0MaHHOM npocTpaHcTse: 

AomoBAaAeAmia, y KOT0p0F0 Typ6HHbl nannmaloT KaapTHpy, RH- 

*eHepa no KJ114 1-1Ke BaCH.7114Ca, 14 OH IleJIHKOM CTp014TCS3 LII4CTO 

npeAmeTlimmn nepTamFt (36). 

3Ta OCO6eHHOCTb Hawna oTpa*enme B OAHOR 143 cambix y13.71e - 

KaTeJlbHbIX H cBoeo6pa3Hbix "OTKpb1TblX" cueH, Karopan, KaK y 

1-0F0J131, no.nytiRT BnyTpennim MOTHBauzio BO BTopon gacTn 

nOBeCTH, B cuene BOAIlle6H0r0 B0p0BCTBa. Backunica AyMan 

TOJIbKO O TOM, KaK 6bI aKKypaTno 3anpsiTaTb CBOH Aparouennme 

"Beuln". Ka*Aan 143 3TPIX "BeIlAHLI" Tpe6oBaAa oco6eHHoro yxoAa 

3THM KaK 6b1 BbIKplICTal1J11430Bb1BaeTCSI neAoBeptimBbill, Kpafine 

KOpb1CTHbIti, He "npo3patnio" LleCTHb1171 xapaKTep 3T0F0 HH)KeHepa. 

BacnAnca, B351B111HCb 3a caoiA "Tpy,r1", 661,71 yBepeH, LITO HHKOMy 

Hc yilacTcn pa3r.1151/2eTb Tahny ero xkrpocTeR, H 6mA coBepruenno 

y6e*,/ien 13 cBoeR npaBoTe, XOTSI OH cKpbma.n CBOH 

HOLIHbIe ne33HH31 OT *eHb1. llocAe Aannix crapannh, OH CrIpATaJI

318 HHHa Kayx41111.1814.71H 

CBOM Bel:W.111BI "B Ta171H119Ke" H, 3aaepu1Ma ycneunio 3TY padary, OH 

"13/JOXHOBeHHO noTep naLloaa", He 3aMeTHB, LITO 3a HI4M cneAptna 

KaKasi-Ta "BOJI(lbA odopaannasi cepasi cparypa" (37). 

113ymasi OTH0111eHHA BaCHJIHCbI K ero oxpymcalowemy MMpy, 

HeBOJIbH0 y6e*,naelubcsi B TOM, LITO Bynraiway yjjaiioc "oliep- 

TaTb" xapalcrep 3T0r0 kumenepa, noicammayi ero JIHMHbIe OTHO- 

MeH1451 K Ka*Roft ormenbaoft Betan. ilymaeTcA, LITO 3T02 TeXHI4- 

odaappicaaaercsi, LITO CDJI0peHCK14ì4 6b1.11 npaB, Korila OH 

143YMaJI B OPFaH0/7p0e1C/JHH B3aHMOOTH0111eH1431 mexqty npeAme- 

Tama 14 tlaCTSIMH tienoaemecKoro Te.na: 

opyilmsi pacumpsnoT 06nacTb HaWeN Res3Te.nbHocTH H Hawero 

vyscTaa TeM, 4TO OHH nponoimaioT Haute Te/10 (4).nopeHcKHR 

1979: 39). 

110 3T011 TeOpMM, MO)KHO "yrIOR061{Tb HCKyCCTBeHHble npoa3- 

BeAenasi TeXHHKI4 IICKyCCTBeHHO BblpOCII1HM opraHaM" (021).nopencKaR 

1979: 39). B ila.nbHeihuem 3114 npHrnaHribi npknutaiibmatoTcsi 

4'.nopencimm K pa3nwm n3o6peTenamm, K apxptTeKTypnum noerpokicam, 

K Ile.nosemecKomy *I4J114111y 14 BbISICH.ReTC51, MTO TeXH14 - 

BynraKoaa 6/1143K0 CX0/114TCSI C 3TO1 TeopMeh. 

Ka 

Ficc.nerlym 3a60Tb1 HII)KeHepa O maTepaanbnom 6.naronony4na 

co6cTaennoll Ayma M Beatek neTpyRno yCTaHOBHTb, 

MTO OH Ka*AOR 143 HPIX r.ny6oKo cogyacisyer 14 co3AaaaJE nep- 

COHaAbHble OTH0111eH1451: 

113 BblETIAHyJI Ha CBBT Bo›00 aKKypaTHo ne- 

peas3arnibn%1 KpeCTOM H 3anevaTaHHEM naKeT (37). 

BHYTPeHHASI *I43Hb BacHAPtchi jio TaKOH cTenena norpy>geaa 

B 3TOT naKeTHK, 1-1 TO He 6yL1eT npeyae.nwgenaem CKa3aTb, 9T0 3T14 

BenAH Ka.)KyTc.sì HaM, no OnopencKomy, npogo..rpiceamem ero Tena: 

B3SITI CTy./1, Bfle3 Ha Hero H pyKaMH HawapHii npoBen 

HO*HLIKOM BepTHKallbH0 BI-1143 no o6osim, a 3TM non npsimbim 

ynnom adoK, noncymy.n HO*HLIBK non pa3pe3 H BCKpbI.TI... Taií- 

HHLIOK, caMHM >Ke HM H3rOTOBABHHI51171 B Tet-ieHme npe,abutymelA 

HOLIH (37). 

Bce 3T14 nopautTenbnme pe3yAbTaTia pa6OTbl JIOBKHX pyic 

3Toro menoaexa, ymeawero macTepcKa cripaanTbcsi C mo6wm 

opyAaem. KOH9a51 CB010 110‘-1HY10 pa6ory, OH nape3aeT TaKme no- 

JIOCK/i o6oea, LITO OHM JIer-JIH

lleeroaaR ramma N npeilmeTlima mcfp B Beno11 nap,51414M. ByAraKoaa 319 

Ha pa3pe3 TaK aKKypaTHo, LITO npenecTb: no.ny6yKeTHK K nany- 

6yKeTHKy, KBaftpaTHK K KBanpaTHKy( (37). 

3Ta cTapaTe)bHocTb, XOTA OHa B KOHeMHOM 14Tore oKawercsi 

6ecnane3Hoft, co3naeT BneqaTneHme, MTO B 3TOR 6ecno,rio6Hoh 

aKKypaTHOCTH yC,EIHHAIOTC51 BHyTpellHAA MeJTOMHOCTb C BHemHeh 

TOLIHOCTbI0, KaK goKa3biBaeT ReJ114KaTHbla oT6op pHcriKa 

LIBeTHbIX 6yKeTOB Ha 06051X. 

HTaK, 3T14 RefACTB1451 noi:ITHepwpaioT MbICJIb, 4TO BHeurHme 

IIPH3HaKH nepeTialoT BnyTper-nolo Cy1111-10CTb 3T0 -14 ,rlyium, 14 Kawgasi 

qepTa, Kawmbi2 wecT, Kawpoe paccpmeHme 14 Kawija..2 Belljb 

B pyKax 3TOFO qe.noBeKa npeAcTaBAsieTcH HaM BI4JAHMbIM OT- 

K.TIHKOM ero BHyTpeHHeil cytimocTH. Bce 3T0 .7n4uniari pa3 non- 

THepwRaeT, 11TO 3T14 ,r(Be c(t)ephi TIOCTOAHHO CBA3aHb1 B TBOP 14e- 

CTBe BynraKoBa. 11011 TIOA13.TIeH1414 Kaw,gok HOBOR "Beamnbi" 

noATBepwilaeTcH 3Ta B3a14MOCBA3b a oco6eHHo, Korjla nepeA HHM 

npeAcTaloT ,aeHbrH: 

B suitriKax npo3Byqa.no HeNHO H nepej BackunicoA Ha KpacHom 

cyKHe nat-oi npoLionroaamix 6yma)KeK... H Hailo acem npe4ocTe- 

peratoulasi HaAnHCb: "3a tpa.ribwyBaHHA KapaeTcsi nopmolo" (37-38). 

HO Tyr Bgpyr BbISICHSIeTC51, 4TO TPYCJIHBblg BacHnHca He 

60HTCA 3T0171 Kapbl. HanpoTHB, OH 6epeTcA 3a aKKypaTHbgi nepe- 

CMOTP "AeHer" H He CTECHAACb camoro Ce551, OT- 

Knaiihmaer "()ailbwkl" Ha 143B03414Ka 14 Ha 6a3ap, Hecmorpsi Ha TO, 

LITO"KOHHO-MeAHb1171 kneKcaHgp pampaweHHo KOCHACA" Ha 

3TH ilenbrpt. Ho ero marce He cmywaeT, 4T0 "Ha 6yma*KH B ywace 

r..TnizIen 4HHOBH14K CO CTaHHCJIaBOM Ha mee — ripe,1 3K BaCHAHCb1". 

T04110 Taxwe OH H144yrb He cmyulancH, LITo nplicyrcTlaylor 

"msgrKo 6.11eCTAILikte KopewKH FoHqapoBa 14 nOCTOCBCKOFO" 14 

OTHIOnb He HcnyrancH nepeil "moupiblm crpoem" p.Flf(OM CTOA- 

'nero "3o.noTo-4epHoro KoHnorBapRePala BpoKray3-34poH" (38). 

B nperibulymptx ,ripmmepax peqb una o6 OT,TleAbHbIX npeRme- 

Tax ; 3nech HanpomB Mbl CTa.IIKHBaemcsi C B3aHmo,gekcTHmem 

pa3HbIX npegmeToB, KOTO0bIe BmecTe npeAcTas.n.moT ogny KOM- 

110314LIHÒHHy10 enHHHuy, Ha KoTopoll ilepAatTcH BCA cTpyKTypa 

BTopocTeneHHoro nefICTB14.2, CBA3aHHOF0 C "HmKeHepom Bacn- 

AHcoil". 

Bo BTOpOR 4aCTI4 BbIACHAeTCA, MTO BynraKoB Ha Pe,TIKOCTb 

CITOCO6HbIC4 apxprreicrop 14 ymeeT CT0014Tb ToHqakunte napaii- 

J1e/114. HTaK, coBcem HeowzgaHHo o6HapywneaeTcsi, MTO BCA

320 HHHa KayxclifillBlifilf 

ripenbv2tymasi cuena JI14111b no/voi-0E11(a K OKOHMaTelIbHOMy Kpy- 

EueHmo"n.naHoB" HH)KeHepa. BacHnHca nonaneT B ymcacHoe nono)KeHme, 

H 3T0 co6b1THe co3naeTcH no npvniumny o6paTHocTH: 

He OH comaeT °TEMICI-114A K npenmeTam, a npeImeTbi ome.noBe- 

MIAJIHCb H Hall 14HalOT jjeRCTBOBaTb: 

TeMHOTa e yjwiu,w rnsiHyna Ha BacHnHey xyexom ceporo He6a, 

Kpaem aKawui, nywknixamm. Boum() acero Tpoe... 

(KaK dyKro C 06bicKom): 

Torna, 113BIIHI4Te, no*anyHeTa, — rame BacHnHem 3Byqa.n 6ne- 

,4H0, 6eCKPaC04110 (208). 

3Ta oTpHuaTenbHaR cHHecTeTHmecKaH meTaci)opa nepenaeT 

BHyrpeHmoio TpeuptHy B gyille BaCHJII4Cbl, BucTynaeT KaK npH3- 

HaK TOSI TpyCOCTH, goTopasi B031IHKJIa BO Bpemig B0p0BCTBa KaK 

KOMI-103HUHOHHa51 KylIbMPIHa141451. BO3H14KalOT pemate KOHTpaCTbI: 

BOJIKa, ntrawra 14 TpeTbero c H3yponoBaHHbim J1HUOM, "a nBa 

uBeTa"— BOCKOBONeJlTbIM 14 (pHalleTOBbini, rna3a cmoTpenH cTpa- 

AaJlbx-leCKH-3J106H0 (209). 

B nepBoHamanbHok cneHe MbI BCTpeTHJIHCb C He1314414MO1 

"BOJItleft cepoR cprypo'Fr (37), oTmemenHoll Heì:ITpaJIbHbIM nese- 

TOBEdM OTTeHKOM. 3T0 "cepoe" IIATHO "o6paTwnocb" Tenepb B 

"6eC110,E106Hy10 BOJP-11310 Rep3ocTb", 14 nonymHno He6bmanyio Lute- 

TOBy10 oxpacKy: "BocKoBaTo-AcenTylo" 14 "qmoneToBylo". BHy- 

TpeHHHH "ABORCTBeHHOCTb" KophicTmoro BaCH.7114Cbl nepenaeTcH 

"6nenHoh 6ecKpaco4HocTbto", a /21130171CTBeHHaA 110WIIOCTb rHraH- 

Ta. pe3KHM")KeJITO-C1/140J1eTOBIAM" UBeTOBbIM FIATHOM. FO- 

B0p51, BCA MHI4Ma51 ripeRecm 14 KaKaA-TO He*HOCTb pyxHyJn4 14 

BacHnHce nomynwnocb, '4T0 "nBeTbi 6yKeTaMH 3enenH Ha ()dosa 

nonpidra.nm HemHoro B rna3ax" (209). 

3ToT LIBeTOB0171 CHrHaJI nO380JIAeT BbIACHHTb, tITO y>Ke 3HaK0 - 

mbie Ham HeropHmecime "rpomanbi" nonymalor HoBylo xygmKecT- 

BeHHylo emulino, tleM OHM H 40Ka3b1BaIOT, LITO naAce OHM He B 

COCTOAHHH 1106eAHTb TaKHX BOJIKOB: 

B KAHHe -re nropenacb 3e.neHam namna, H AxexcaHap 11, ao3my- 

Il1eHHMA ,qo rny6Hribi qyryfiriog ayum, rnymyn Ha TpoHx (210). 

3THM ljBeTOBbIM cHrHanom o6o3HamaeTcH no HeJIb351 Tparm- 

Kommtiecxoe B0p0BCTBO, a nepeKinomernte aceti cprryaHHH 0603- 

HamaeTcH 11051BJIeHHeM HOBbIX xpacomHbix nprreH, xoTopme nepenaloT 

BHyrpeHHHe noTpAceHHA TpycnHBoro BaC14,1114CbI:

Useroeast ramma 14 npeamenibia mep e Be.non rBapprol M Byirraicoea 321 

B ro.ny6bix rlia3ax. BacHnHcbi npb:ran y*ac (210). 

BOT TaK peBo.momsg, — nonyman OH B CBOCA po3oeoil H aKKypa-rHoti 

ronoBe (212)... 

BacHnHca H3MOHNACSI B Avute, ero (Belai nopo3oeenki (213). 

Tax LiBeToBasi ramma L(onommeT cpymalum BeaxecTHemioro 

MHpa H npHnaeT OT4rIeJ1bHbIM npeAmeTam oco6eHHylo n.nacTHLI- 

HOCTb H, 6bITb mo*eT, KaKyIO -TO BbITlyKlIOCTb: "CO CTOJIa B3HJI 

CTeKJIAHHbIe tlachi B BHLie r.no6yca, B KOTOpOM *HpHO H cieptio 

KpacoBa.nHcb pHmcKHe umcpphi- (212). 

Hayqapi Kpacotniyio nannTpy H npeitmeTHbla mHp B TBopmecTBe 

By.nraKoBa, Bamegaem, 4TO on ymeeT ymileTb H noRmaTb 

LiBeToBbie H npenmemble TOHKOCTH. BoaTomy clmo.rieToBmil idteT 

mo*eT CTaTb cTpaga.nblaecKpt 3J106HbIM, a Liepe3 OTTeHKH uBeTa 

y„ExaeTcH npn,aaTb HenpaBnonoLio6Hy ►o 1-1J1aCT144HOCTb npemme- 

Tam. FloaTomy c.noBapb "BpoKray3-3(3p0n" mo)KeT npeapaTHTbcsg 

B "3OJI0TO-MepHOrO KomiorBaRneRua" (38). A Juo6asi, camasi 06m- 

'masi 110BCeLIHeBHOCTb mo*eT nepepoLiHTbc33: 

Ho Bppyr no6eryT pea rany6olsamix KOHyCa — npo.ne -rwr Hemeu- 

KHe MdWHHbI , NnN *e noKa>KyrCH mepHbie neneweLnoi Ta3OB H OT 

HNX KOpoTKHe oCTpbie -remi (105). 

3ToT ripHmep AoxaakdBaeT AO KaKoil cTeneHH npegmeTHEM 

mHp HrpaeT peulalouxylo ponti B menoBegecKoll *H3H14, ne*HT B 

OCHOBe (ImnococpcKoro OCMbIC.TIeHHR )KH3H11, Ha EleeMCA, IITO HaM 

wzanocb noKaBarb, SITO npegmeTb1He SIBMIIOTCSI LINCTO cilOpMa.TIb- 

HbIMH Bewamm, HanpoTHB, nyTem TeCHOR CBR3H meAoBeKa H 

npegmeTa, By.nraKoB rIbITa.TICA peWHTb OCHOBHble *H3HeHH0 Ba*- 

Hble myxoemble Bonpocbl. K Tomy *e cTpempincia H pyccKHA 

aBaHrapg, 3KcnepHmeHTHpysa 6b1TOBbIMIA npeAmeTar.4H, opopmog H 

UBeTOM. 

Ilo y6e*Aemno Bbnne ynomsmyro1i popEd BaJumep, pyccKHR 

aBaHrapA oTmnaaeTcyl TeM, '-1TO OH, rI0/21 1-114HAA nio6ylo eilmmuy 

cypoBomy HCF1b1TaH1410, cTpemm.nem HeycTaHHo K npacpopme. 3T0 

AoKaBbmaeTcsi Ha ripnmepe B. X.ne6HHKosa, ("c.noBo KaK TaK0 - 

Boe"), P. SIKodcoHa ("33y1c KaK TaKoBoir). K aTok )Ke KaTeropm4 

npinia,a.ne*HT H Ma.neBmq ("(4)opma KaK TaKoBasi"). HaM xomeTca 

mo6aBHTb, 1-1To TO *e camoe MON(HO cKaaaTb npo Mamenburrama,

322 HHHa Kayx1114111811.10f 

y }compor° jjo camoro KOHLIa. npeodnuaeT "KaMeHb KaK TaK0- 

B0171", a OTHOCHTe.1113H0 ByfIraKOBa MO>KHO roBopmTb O "c.noBe/ 

npenmere" 14 o "cnoBehlBeTe" xax TaKOBbIX. LiymaeTcsa, LITO 1103- 

Tomy By.111-a.K0Ba MO)KHO CLII4TaTb 0,1 VIHM 143 cambix CMe.111,1X 

c"rpoPrrenek no3 -rmt1eckoro aBanraprta. 

6145/111017A(1)1453 

nOCToeacKiin 

1975 non-me co6paHHe coglitici-1mA B 30-TH Tomax. T. XIII. JleHHH- 

rput, HayKa, 1975. 

Hoisington S. 

1981 Fairy—Tale Elements in Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita. — 

SSEEJ, 25, II (1981). 

Kauchtschischwili N. 

1969 La narrativa di I. S. Turgencv. Problemi di lingua e arte. Milano, Vita 

e Pensiero, 1969. 

1983 Gogol' pittore e ritrattista. — In: Gogol' e la sua opera, Roma, Acca- 

demia Nazionale dei Lincei, 1983. 

Levy E. 

1988 Cours de philosophic occulte. Paris, Tredaniel, 1988. 

MaHH IO. 

1978 110311Ka rOrOJIA. MocKBa, Xygo*ecTaeHHafi AHTepaTypa, 1978. 

Pacini L. (trad.) 

1957 Tutti i racconti di Gogol'. Roma, Casini Editore, 1957. 

Schopenhauer A. 

1816 Ober das Schen und die Farben, Lcipzig 1816. 

cknoperictonl A. 

1969 OpraHonpoekunn. — nexopaTmaHoe HCKyCCTBO XII (IBBB). 

1985 AHB./1143 npocTpanciseHHOCT14 B xy1Io*ecTBeHHo-H30dpa3H- 

TeJlbHbIX ripoH3BeLtemisix. — B KH.: CTaTbH no mcicycc -ray, no,rt 

pen. H. A. Crpyrte, Paris, YMCA-PRESS, 1985. 

Vallicr D. 

1989 Du noir au Nane. Les couleurs dans la peinture. Caen, L'Echoppe, 

1989. 

Zeichen des Glaubens 

1980 Zeichen des Glaubens — Gcist dcr Avangarde. Religiose Tendenzen in 

dcr Kunst des 20 Jahrhunderts, herausgegeben von Wieland Schmied. 

Milano—Stuttgztrd 1980.

LIBETOBAA rAMMA H 11PETIMETHMF1 MHP ... - Europaorientalis.It

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