Vuk'uzenzele
Vuk'uzenzele
Vuk'uzenzele
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Lweti 2012 Vuk’uzenzele<br />
3<br />
Temphilo<br />
Sitsatsela kubaseCuba kufundza kuvikela tifo<br />
Gabi Khumalo<br />
Bekakulibanga le-12, ngalesikhatsi Kgotlaethata<br />
Aaron Molefi eva kutsi batali<br />
bakhe abanayo imali leyenele yekumtfumela<br />
enyuvesi, uyewacabanga kutsi<br />
emaphupho akhe ekukhipha bemndzeni<br />
wakhe ebuphuyeni sashabalele.<br />
Molefi ukhulele emakhaya kusigodzi i-<br />
Mareetshane, lesingaba ngemakhilomitha<br />
langema-50 kusuka eMahikeng. Bekangulomunye<br />
webafundzi labavelele belibanga le-12<br />
bemnyaka weti-2002 lowaphumelela nga- “A”<br />
kuTibalo waphumelela futsi ngabo- “C”<br />
kuSayensi neSingisi. Molefi bekangati kutsi<br />
hulumende uniketa imifundzate kubafundzi<br />
labavela kumimango lebeyincishwe ematfuba,<br />
angati ngisho kwakufaka sicelo leso.<br />
“Ngiyengadvumala kakhulu futsi bengicabanga<br />
kutsi kute lokunye lengingakwenta<br />
ngaphandle kwekufuna umsebenti. Kubanye<br />
bebangani bami lebengifundza nabo labangazange<br />
baphumelele, besengiyinhlekisa,<br />
bangibuta kutsi kusitani kuba nemiphumela<br />
lemihle kepha ungakhoni kuya enyuvesi,” asho<br />
akhumbula loko.<br />
Ngalelinye lilanga, make wakhe wavakashela<br />
lowayenguthishela waMolefi kumabanga<br />
laphasi, lowabatjela kutsi baye kuLitiko Letemphilo<br />
Lesifundza, bafike bachaze simo sabo.<br />
Litiko labeselimgcugcutela kutsi akafeke sicelo<br />
semfundzate wekufundza eCuba ngaphansi<br />
kweluhlelo lelisivumelwano sekubambisana<br />
lesisemkhatsini wematiko etemphilo eNingizimu<br />
Afrika neCuba, loniketa bafundzi<br />
labanemlandvo wekuncishwa ematfuba imifundzate<br />
yekuceceshelwa temphilo eCuba.<br />
“Bengingati nekutsi umfundzate lonje ukewabakhona<br />
kute kube ngilelolanga ngobe<br />
lwati lolunjengalolu alutfolakali etindzaweni<br />
tasemaphandleni.”<br />
Molefi, lobekaneminyaka leli-19<br />
ngalesosikhatsi, bekangulomunye welicembu<br />
lelabafake ticelo laba-15 labaphumelela.<br />
Ngamhlaka 5 Inyoni 2004 Molefi, kanye nalabanye<br />
bafundzi, bagibele kwekucala indiza<br />
lebabhekise eCuba. “Bengijabule kakhulu.<br />
Besiphikisana ngekutsi ngubani lotawuba<br />
ngewekucala kungena ngekhatsi endizeni,<br />
Mphatsiswatiko weTemphilo kuSifundza saseNyakatfo Nshonalanga, Magome Masike, uvalelisa licembu<br />
lebafundzi labalibhekise eCuba, bayofundzela budokodela.<br />
ngabehlula ngaba wekucala kungena ngekhatsi.”<br />
Umnyaka wekucala bawucitse baseNyuvesi<br />
i-Sagua laGrande bafundza Sipenishi ngembi<br />
kwekucala kufundza tifundvo tetemphilo<br />
ngemnyaka lowalandzela.<br />
“Kufundza Sipenishi bekuyinselela futsi<br />
kwangitsatsa sikhatsi lesidze kusifundza.<br />
Tinyanga letisitfupha tekucala betimatima,<br />
kepha besitimisele kantsi nebafundzisi bebanalesikhulu<br />
sineke,” kusho yena. “Bantfu<br />
baseCuba bayanakekelana ngekwemvelo,<br />
ikakhulukati kubantfu lababuya kulamanye<br />
emave,” solo kusho yena.<br />
Molefi ubuye eNingizimu Afrika ngemnyaka<br />
weti-2010 kutocedzisa tifundvo temnyaka<br />
wekugcina eNyuvesi yasePitoli. “Bekumatima<br />
kusuka ekufundzeni ngeSipenishi kuya<br />
kuSingisi futsi kepha ngasebenta kakhulu,<br />
ngacedza tifundvo tami ngenyanga Ingci<br />
yemnyaka lofile ngabese ngibhalisela kuba<br />
ngudokodela. Ngacala kusebenta eSibhedlela<br />
iTshepong lesiseKlerksdorp, ngenyanga<br />
Inyoni yemnyaka lofile. Umcimbi wetfu<br />
wekwetfweswa ticu bewubanjelwe eStellenbosch<br />
ekucaleni kwalomnyaka,” kusho yena<br />
ngekuticabha.<br />
Molefi utsatsekiswe inchubo yetemphilo<br />
yaseCuba, lecodze ngco kutemphilo lesisekelo.<br />
“I-Cuba iphuyile ngekwetinsita kepha<br />
inchubo yabo yetemphilo yinhle kakhulu.<br />
Uniketwa msebenti wekuncedza imindzeni<br />
lengaba ngema-500, ngekubahlola bungako<br />
bekupompa kwengati nebungako bashukela<br />
engatini. Labobantfu bangumtfwalo wakho<br />
kantsi kumele ubanakekele futsi ubati kute banakekele<br />
tifo tabo.” Kepha-ke bantfu baseCuba<br />
ngalokutayelekile banakekela tifo ngendlela<br />
yekuphila.<br />
“Labagcila kuko kuvikela kunekwelapha.<br />
Ngulesinye setimbangela sekutsi inchubo<br />
yabo yetemphilo iphumelele kakhulu. Lizinga<br />
lekushona kwetintswane lingaba kushona<br />
kwetintswane letisishiyagalombili kuletiyi-<br />
1 000. Abakufundzisi nje kuphela ngetebudokodela;<br />
bakuceceshela kutsi ungaboni nje<br />
kuphela sifo kepha unake nemuntfu.”<br />
Molefi ubona kutsi singavikela tifo letinyenti<br />
uma singatfumela bodokodela basebente<br />
etindzaweni tasemaphandleni, ngoba angeke<br />
balaphe tigulane nje kuphela kepha batotifundzisa<br />
kutsi tingavikela njani tifo.<br />
“Udzinga bodokodela labasebenta ngalokugcwele<br />
dvutane nemimango. Ngaleyondlela,<br />
bangakhona kungenelela ngekushesha.<br />
Uma uya ekuseni kuphela kuleyondzawo,<br />
awutfoli sikhatsi lesanele sekukhulumisana<br />
netigulani takho,” Uyetsemba kutsi indlela<br />
yekusebenta yaseCuba ingakotjwa isetjentiswe<br />
etindzaweni tasemakhaya lapha eNingizimu<br />
Afrika.<br />
“Batfu labasetindzaweni tasemaphandleni<br />
bete bodokodela; tigulane atikafundzi kantsi<br />
tibulawa tifo letingavikeleka. Uma kungasetjentiswa<br />
indlela yaseCuba, singavikela tifo<br />
letinyenti.” Indlela yetemphilo yekuvikela<br />
ingasindzisa tigulane kanye nesidzingo<br />
lesikhulu sekungenelela kwabodokodela,<br />
kusho Molefi.<br />
“Ngalesikhatsi ngisegunjini lekuhlindza,<br />
bekunetigulane letiphetfwe sifo sashukela<br />
ngako-ke besiyijuba imilente yato. Uma ujuba<br />
incenye yemtimba kusho kutsi wehlulekile<br />
kuvikela, loko kuchaza kutsi wehlulekile<br />
kungenelela. Sidzinga bodokodela labanyenti<br />
etindzaweni tetfu tasemaphandleni kugwema<br />
timo letibucayi letivetwa tifo letitsatselanako<br />
letifana nekupompa kwengati ngalokwecile<br />
kanye nesifo sashukela,” kusho Molefi.<br />
Futsi ucabanga kutsi Umshwalense Wetemphilo<br />
Wavelonkhe ungaba indzawo lencono<br />
bodokodela labangayisebentisa kwentancono<br />
inchubo yetemphilo. “Siyafisa kwelekelela.<br />
Hulumende usisile kitsi ngako kumele sisite<br />
setame kwehlisa umtfwalo wetifo kulive letfu.<br />
Tibhedlela tetfu ngete tagcwala ngalendlela<br />
ngobe, uma ngingabeka sibonelo, uma sikhutsata<br />
labasikati kutsi bente luhlolo lwetitfo<br />
temtimba tangasese, singakhona kutfola sifo<br />
semdlavuta wesinye kuseselula bese siwenyanga<br />
ngemphumelelo.”<br />
Molefi ufuna kuba ngucwepheshe wadokodela<br />
wekubelekisa nekutetfwala kwabomake.<br />
“Uma lomsikati agula, kungitsintsa kakhulu.<br />
Kuyangidzabukisa ngibese ngifune kucondzisisa<br />
sizatfu kute ngelekelele.”<br />
Ngemnyaka lofile, sifundza seNyakatfo<br />
Nshonalanga sitfumele bafundzi labangema-63<br />
kuyewufundzela budokodela eCuba futsi<br />
kutakwamukelwa labanye labali-100 kulonyaka.<br />
Kute kube lomuhla, bodokodela betemitsi<br />
labangaba ngema-304 bagogote tifundvo<br />
tabo eCuba solo kwacala loluhlelo kuminyaka<br />
leli-15 leyengcile.<br />
Kute utfole lwati lolwengetiwe, chumana<br />
neLitiko Letemphilo kuSifundza sase-<br />
Nyakatfo Nshonalanga ku: 018 388-2040.<br />
Lusuku Lwesifo Sashukela Mhlabawonkhe lucondze lusha<br />
Lusuku Lwesifo Sashukela Mhlabawonkhe<br />
lubungatwa njalo ngemnyaka<br />
ngamhla weli-14 kuLweti. Kulomnyaka<br />
kutabe kungumnyaka wesine<br />
kuminyaka lesihlanu legcile ekufundziseni<br />
nasekuvikeleni sifo sashukela.<br />
Lomkhankhaso uhlose kufundzisa, kukhulumisana<br />
nasekunikeni lusha nemphakatsi<br />
wonkhana lwati ngesifo sashukela. Ngaphasi<br />
kwesicubulo lesitsi “Sifo Sashukela: vikela<br />
likusasa letfu” Litiko Letemphilo lihlose<br />
kukhutsata futsi likhulumisane nemiphakatsi<br />
yasemaphandleni kutsi icaphele kubaluleka<br />
kwekuphangise ubone bucayi nebungoti besifo<br />
sashukela. Loku kukwakha indlela yekucwayisa<br />
ngetinkhomba tekucaphela netintfo letinebungoti<br />
ngesifo sashukela.<br />
SIYINI SIFO SASHUKELA?<br />
Sifo sashukela sifo lesakhiwe kuba ngetulu<br />
kwalokutayelekile kwesilinganiso seglukhosi<br />
engatini. Imitimba yetfu igucula lokunyenti<br />
kudla lesikudlako kube iglukhosi nobe kube<br />
ngushukela lesimsebentisako kutfola emandla.<br />
I-pancreas yakha ihomoni leyatiwa ngekutsi i-<br />
insulini lesita iglukhosi kutsi ingene kumaseli<br />
emitimba yetfu. Uma unesifo sashukela, kusho<br />
kutsi kungenteka kutsi umtimba wakho<br />
awukhoni kutakhela i-insulini leyanele nobe<br />
awukhoni kusebentisa i-insulini yawo.<br />
Loku kubese kubanga kwakheka okukhulu<br />
kwashukela engatini. Sifo sashukela singabanga<br />
kugula lokukhulu lokuf’ ekhatsi sifo<br />
senhlitiyo, kungasaboni emehlweni, kuhluleka<br />
kusebenta kwetinso kanye nekujutjwa kwetitfo<br />
temtimba. Loku kusuke kujutjwa incenye<br />
yesitfo nobe uma sekonakele kakhulu, kujutjwa<br />
sonkhe sitfo semtimba. Kunenhlobo<br />
Hlolwa ngalenyanga njengobe sibungata Lusuku Lwesifo Sashukela Mhlabawonkhe ngamhlaka 14 kuLweti.<br />
letimbili tesifo sashukela – luhlobo leku-1<br />
neluhlobo lesi-2.<br />
NGABE SIFO SASHUKELA SIYA-<br />
VIKELEKA?<br />
Bososayensi bakholelwa kutsi indlela yekuphila<br />
kanye neluhlobo lesi-2 lwesifo sashukela<br />
kuyachumana. Loku kusho kutsi indlela<br />
yekuphila ngiyo indzawo longagcila kuyo<br />
lengakusita kuvikela lesifo nobe ubuyiselise<br />
emuva kucala kwaso lesifo. Ungasivikela sifo<br />
sashukela ngekudla kudla lokunemphilo,<br />
ngekulawula sisindvo sakho, ngekutivocavoca,<br />
ngekwehlisa stresi nekuyekela kubhema.<br />
NGUBANI LOSEBUNGOTINI?<br />
Usebungotini uma:<br />
• ungetulu kweminyaka lengema-35,<br />
• sisindvo semtimba wakho singetulu,<br />
kakhulukati uma bukhulu bakho buselukhalweni<br />
• umndzeni wakho unemlandvo wesifo<br />
sashukela<br />
• ubeleke umntfwana lonesisindvo lesingetulu<br />
kwemakhilogramu lamane<br />
• ube nesifo sashukela usatetfwele<br />
• uneluketjeti lwemafutsa lamanyenti<br />
emtimbeni<br />
• unesifo sekupompa kwengati kakhulu<br />
• unesifo senhlitiyo.<br />
TINKHOMBA<br />
Lokulandzelako tinkhomba tesifo sashukela:<br />
• kungasebenti kahle kwesinye<br />
• kuhlala njalo womele lokunatfwako<br />
• kwehla kakhulu kwemtimba ungati<br />
imbangela<br />
• kuhlala ulambile<br />
• kuvele ungasaboni kahle emehlweni<br />
• kuhla kunwayisa nobe kuba nensinze<br />
etandleni nobe etinyaweni<br />
• kuhlala njalo udziniwe<br />
• sikhumba lesome kakhulu<br />
• kutsatsa sikhatsi lesidze kuphola kwesilondza<br />
• kuhlala unolufo kunalokwetayelekile.<br />
KUVIKELA<br />
Ayikho indlela leyatiwako yekuvikela luhlobo<br />
leku-1 lwesifo sashukela. Kodvwa-ke,<br />
ungavikela luhlobo lesi-2 lesifo sashukela<br />
ngekuhlala utivocavoca, ngekudla kudla<br />
lokunemphilo, kudla kudla lokusanhlavana<br />
lokunefayibha lenyenti.<br />
KWELAPHA<br />
Kudla kudla lokunemphilo, kuhlala utivocavoca<br />
kanye nekujova nge-insulini ngito tindlela<br />
letisahamb’ embili tekwelapha luhlobo leku-1<br />
lesifo sashukela. Kudla kudla lokunemphilo,<br />
kuhlala utivocavoca nekuhlala uhlola lizinga<br />
leglukhosi lesengatini, ngito tindlela letisisekelo<br />
tekwelapha luhlobo lesi-2 lesifo sashukela.<br />
Kwengeta, bantfu labanyenti labaneluhlobo<br />
lesi-2 lesifo sashukela badzinga imitsi lenatfwako,<br />
i-insulini nobe kokubili kute balawule<br />
bungako belizinga leglukhosi lesengatini.<br />
Sifo sashukela sisimo lesibucayi kakhulu<br />
kantsi uma kungenteka siyekelwe singalashwa,<br />
lizinga lekuphakama kwebungako beglukhosi<br />
engatini, kancane kancane bungenta<br />
umonakalo kumiva lemincane nakutitfwala<br />
ngati letincane naletinkhulu letisemtimbeni<br />
wakho, lokungenta kube nekugula lokukhulu.<br />
Letimnandzi nguleti, uma lesifo silawulwa<br />
kahle, ungabuyelisa emuva konkhe loku futsi<br />
ukuvikele, kepha kubalulekile kutsi kusheshe<br />
kubonwe. Kumele kutsi utati tinkhomba tesifo<br />
sashukela nekutsi ngabe awukho ebungotini<br />
na.<br />
Kute utfole lwati lolwengetiwe ngesifo<br />
sashukela, chumana neLitiko Letemphilo<br />
ku: 012 395-8000.
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