urwego rw'umuvunyi - Office of the Ombudsman

IBIKORWA BY’URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYI 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

N O 17 Ukwakira-Ukuboza 2010 

Kubahiriza Amategeko ni 

intambwe yo kubaka ubutabera 

Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika KAGAME Paul arahirira kuyobora u Rwanda indi 

manda y’ imyaka irindwi taliki ya 06.09.2010 

URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYI 

B.P.: 6269 KIGALI * TEL: 252 587308, 252 587309 , 199 * Fax: 252 5871 82 

Umuvunyi Magazine N° 17 Ukwakira -Ukuboza 2010 

Telefoni itishyuzwa199 

Website:www.ombudsman.gov.rw * E-mail:ombudsinfo@ombudsman.gov.rw 

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UBWANDITSI 

IBIRIMO 

IJAMBO RY’IBANZE.........................................3 

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Nyir’ikinyamakuru 

URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYI 

Umuyobozi Mukuru 

MBARUBUKEYE Xavier, 

Umunyamabanga Uhoraho 

Umwanditsi Mukuru 

MUGISHA Jules Déo 

Umwanditsi Mukuru Wungirije 

NGILINSHUTI Védaste 

Umunyamabanga 

w’Ubwanditsi 

GATERA Athanase 

Inteko y’ Ubwanditsi 

BIRASA Fiscal Jacques 

KANYENGABO Athanase 

MWISENEZA Jeanne d’Arc 

NDIZIHIWE Léon Fidèle 

NSENGIYUMVA Yussuf 

RUMAZIMINSI N. Séraphin 

RWIHIMBAUWASE Hélène 

TUYIZERE Gédeon 

Ahatunganyirijwe Ikinyamakuru 

Imprimerie I.P.N 


- Uruhare rw’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu 

gukemura amakimbirane ashingiye ku 

izungura: ikibazo cy’umuryango wa 

musengimana Dieudonné......................4 

- Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu ikemurwa 

ry’ibibazo by’abaturage...............................7 

TURWANYE AKARENGANE 

- Dusobanukirwe n’ ibibazo by’imiturire mu 

Mujyi wa Kigali................................................8 

- Complaints management in the Office of the 

Ombudsman.....................................................10 

- «Politiki nziza ni ishimangira ubutabera.» 

Nyakubahwa Perezida Paul KAGAME...........11 

TURWANYE RUSWA 

- The Office of the Ombudsman in schools and 

banks................................................................12 

- Uruhare rw’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu 

kurwanya ruswa mu nzego n’ibigo 

byigenga..........................................................14 

IMIYOBORERE MYIZA 

- Icyo amategeko ateganya ku gikorwa cyo 

kumenyekanisha umutungo.............................16 

- The impact of declaration of 

assets in Rwanda..............................................18 

- Dusobanukirwe n’ibikubiye mu itegeko 

ngenga 61/2008 ryo ku wa 10/09/2008 rigena 

imyitwarire y’abayobozi 

(ibikurikira n°16).............................................20 

- Imiyoborere myiza mu turere ni umuyoboro 

w’ubutabera.....................................................22 

- Abakozi bashya b’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

bahuguriwe kuri gahunda za Leta....................25 


Telefoni itishyuzwa199



IJAMBO RY’IBANZE 

Basomyi ba « Umuvunyi Magazine », 

NGIRINSHUTI Védaste 

Twishimiye kubagezaho nimero ya 17 y’ikinyamakuru cyanyu « Umuvunyi Magazine ». 

Mu nshingano Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ruhabwa n’itegeko harimo guca akarengane, ruswa n’ibyaha 

bifitanye isano na yo, no kwimakaza imiyoborere myiza mu Gihugu cyacu. Intego igamijwe 

mu guhabwa izo nshingano ni ukubaka igihugu gifite ubutabera, aho umuturage ahabwa kandi 

agakoresha uburenganzira bwe bwose. Kugira ngo izo nshingano zigerweho, Urwego rufatanya 

n’izindi nzego zaba izo mu buyobozi bwite bwa Leta cyangwa iz’ubutabera. 

Uruhare rw’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu kubaka ubutabera ni runini cyane. Umuturage yiyambaza 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi iyo afite akarengane katakemuwe n’inzego zibishinzwe. Urwego rukurikirana 

ikibazo cye, rugashakisha ibimenyetso bishimangira ukuri kwe kugira ngo niba arengana koko 

arenganurwe. Iyo uwo muturage arenganuwe aba ahawe ubutabera kuko uburenganzira bwe 

buba bubungabunzwe. Agana Urwego rw’Umuvunyi kuko aba adashaka kujya mu nkiko bitewe 

n’uko inzira z’inkiko zigoye kandi zishobora gutwara igihe kirekire, tutibagiwe n’urwango zisiga 

hagati y’ababuranyi kenshi baba ari n’abavandimwe. Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwo rukemura ibibazo 

ariko rwunga n’ababifitanye kugira ngo rufashe abanyarwanda kubaho mu mahoro. Muri ubwo 

buryo uruhare rw’Urwego mu kubaka ubutabera rurigaragaza. 

Ruswa ni imungu ikomeye ku iterambere ry’imiryango by’umwihariko n’iry’igihugu muri rusange. 

Mu kuyirwanya, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rukurikirana ibibazo bya ruswa rugezwaho n’abaturage 

cyangwa rwiboneye mu igenzura rukorera inzego, rukabikorera amadosiye ashyikirizwa inkiko 

binyujijwe mu bushinjacyaha. Abahamwe n’ibyaha bya ruswa bahanwa n’inkiko bityo ubutabera 

bukubahirizwa. 

Uruhare rw’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rugaragarira na none mu igenzura rukorera izindi nzego kugira 

ngo rutange inama y’uburyo ibidatunganye byatunganywa hagamijwe kwimakaza imiyoborere 

myiza. Mu nzego zigenzurirwa imikorere harimo n’iz’ubutabera. Ubutabera iyo bukora neza 

bufasha igihugu guca akarengane cyubahiriza uburenganzira bwa buri wese. Ni muri urwo rwego 

inshingano zose z’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi ziganisha ku kubaka ubutabera, aho buri muturarwanda 

ahabwa uburenganzira bwe nta vangura iryo ari ryo ryose, bityo abatuye igihugu bakarangwa 

n’umuco mwiza wo kubana mu mahoro, yo nkingi y’iterambere rirambye. 

Buri muturarwanda ahamagariwe gushyiraho umuganda kugira ngo dushyigikire ubutabera. 

Tubifurije amahoro. 

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Uruhare rw’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu gukemura 

amakimbirane ashingiye ku izungura: ikibazo 

cy’umuryango wa musengimana Dieudonné 

Nk’uko biteganyijwe n’Itegeko n° 17/2005 

ryo ku wa 18/08/2005 rihindura kandi 

ryuzuza itegeko nº 25/2003 ryo ku 

wa 15/08/2003 rigena imiterere n’imikorere 

y’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi isobanura ko mu 

gushyira mu bikorwa inshingano zarwo, 

abagize Urwego bagendera ku mahame 

akurikira : 

1° gushaka buri gihe umuti w’ibibazo mu 

nzira y’ibiganiro n’ubwumvikane; 

2° guharanira kunga, kumvikanisha, kugira 

inama no kugarura mu nzira nziza 

ibibogamye mbere yo gukoresha ubundi 

bubasha ruhabwa n’amategeko”; 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwakira ibibazo 

binyuranye bijyanye no gukemura 

amakimbirane ashingiye ku mitungo yo mu 

miryango. Uburyo bukunze kwifashishwa 

mu gukemura ayo makimbirne ni uguhuza 

abafitanye ayo makimbirane, rukabereka 

inzira amategeko ateganya rukabumvikanisha 

hagamijwe kubunga no 

kubumvikanisha nk’uko 

rubifite mu nshingano. 

NZABAMWITA Anaclet 

Dieudonné akitaba Imana ku wa 25/07/2005 

(nyuma y’ibyumweru bibiri babanye) nta 

mwana barabyarana, none umukazana we 

akaba yaribarujeho umutungo wose yari 

afitanye na MUSENGIMANA Dieudonné 

ugizwe ahanini n’inzu babagamo, yamubaza 

ko ntacyo agomba kubona kuri uwo mutungo 

nk’umubyeyi wa nyakwigendera akamubwira 

ko nta na kimwe. 

Amategeko ateganya uko izungura 

ry’umutungo rusange rikorwa 

Iki kibazo cyavutse mu muryango ahanini 

kubera ko Koperative GOBOKA yari itangiye 

kubarura imitungo itimukanwa y’abaturage 

batuye aho iyo Koperative yateganyaga 

kubaka amazu ajyanye na gahunda nshya 

y’imiturire mu Mujyi wa Kigali. DUSABE amaze 

kwibaruzaho uwo mutungo bamwe mu bagize 

umuryango wa MUSENGIMANA batangiye 

kugaragaza impungenge z’uko uwo mutungo 

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Ni muri urwo rwego Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi rwakiriye 

ikibazo cy’umuryango 

wa MUSENGIMANA 

Dieudonné gitanzwe 

n’umukecuru 

we 

NYAMPUNDU, avuga 

ko umuhungu we 

witwa MUSENGIMANA 

Dieudonné yashakanye 

na DUSABE mu buryo 

bwemewe n’amategeko 

ku wa 09/07/2005 

b a g a s e z e r a n a 

ivangamutungo rusange, 

MUSENGIMANA 

Ibibazo bishingiye ku mazu ni bimwe mu byo Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rukunze kwakira 





ushobora kuguma mu maboko ya DUSABE 

bakavutswa uburenganzira bemererwa 

n’amategeko bwo kuzungura nyakwigendera. 

Ubusanzwe ingingo ya 70 y’Itegeko n° 22/99 ryo 

ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza igitabo cya mbere 

cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano 

kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatatu cyerekeye 

imicungire y’umutungo w’abashakanye, 

impano n’izungura, iteganya uburyo izungura 

ry’umutungo rusange rikorwa. Iteganya 

ko abashyingiranywe bafite amasezerano 

y’ivangamutungo rusange bazungurwa ku 

buryo bukurikira: 

1. ko iyo umwe mu bashakanye apfuye 

“usigaye asigarana umutungo wose 

akubahiriza inshingano yo kurera abana 

no gufasha ababyeyi ba nyakwigendera 

iyo babikeneye; 

2. iyo bombi bapfuye bagasiga abana, 

umutungo wose uzungurwa n’abana 

bagafasha ba sekuru na ba nyirakuru. 

Iyo hari abana badahuriyeho, umutungo 

ugabanywamo kabiri buri mwana 

akazungura umubyeyi we; 

3. iyo bombi bapfuye badasize abana, 

umutungo ugabanywamo kabiri, ½ 

kigahabwa abazungura b’umugabo, 

ikindi ½ kigahabwa abazungura 

b’umugore; 

yo kurera abana yasigiwe na 

nyakwigendera, yamburwa ¾ 

by’umutungo wose bigahabwa abana; 

7. iyo nta mwana wa nyakwigendera 

uwapfakaye akirera akongera 

gushaka, atwara ½ cy’umutungo wose 

ikindi ½ kigahabwa abazungura ba 

nyakwigendera; 

8. iyo uwapfakaye agiye kongera gushaka 

akagumana inshingano yo kurera abana 

yasigiwe na nyakwigendera, ahabwa 

¼ cy’umutungo wose, ¾ agakomeza 

kubicungira abana ba nyakwigendera; 

9. 

iyo uwapfakaye atongeye gushaka, 

Gukemura 

amakimbirane 

hatitabajwe 

inkiko bifasha 

umuryango 

kwiyubaka no 

kudapfusha ubusa 

ubushobozi 

buhari 

4. 

5. 

6. 

iyo uwapfakaye nta mwana afitanye 

na nyakwigendera akongera gushaka, 

asigarana ½ cy’umutungo bafatanyije, 

ikindi ½ kigahabwa abazungura ba 

nyakwigendera; 

iyo uwapfakaye ataye inshingano yo 

gufasha ababyeyi ba Nyakwigendera, 

inama y’umuryango igenera abo 

babyeyi icyo bazungura mu mutungo 

wa nyakwigendera; 

iyo uwapfakaye ataye inshingano 

akabyara umwana cyangwa abana 

batari aba nyakwigendera; igihe 

cy’izungura ½ kiba umwihariko w’abana 

ba nyakwigendera, ½ gisigaye abana 

bose b’uwapfakaye bakakigiraho 

uruhare ku buryo bungana hatarebwe 

aba nyakwigendera n’abo uwapfakaye 

yabyaye ahandi. 

Igihe Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwahuzaga 

abafitanye ikibazo kugira ngo bagerageze 

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gushakira hamwe umuti wacyo impande 

zombi zagaragarijwe ibiteganyijwe n’itegeko, 

zumvikana ko ikibazo uyu muryango wari ufite 

cyakemurwa hitabajwe ibiteganyijwe mu gaka 

ka 4 k’ingingo ya 70 y’Itegeko n° 22/99. 

Imishyikirano igeze kuri uru rwego, DUSABE 

yagaragaje impungenge ebyiri zikomeye, 

yibaza ukuntu umutungo yashakanye na 

nyakwigendera wazungurwa hitabajwe agaka 

kavugwamo kongera gushaka k’uwapfakaye 

kandi we nta gahunda aragira yo kujya gushaka 

bundi bushya! Indi mpungenge yagaragaje ni 

uko hari ibikorwa yakoze kuri iyo nzu nyuma 

y’urupfu rw’umugabo we byatumye agaciro 

kayo kiyongera. Akibaza ukuntu amafaranga 

azatangwa mu gihe cyo kwimurwa muri uwo 

mutungo azayagabana ku buryo bungana na 

nyirabukwe kandi agaciro kawo kariyongereye 

ugereranyije n’uko wari umeze igihe umugabo 

we yitabaga Imana. Nyuma yo kungurana 

ibitekerezo, impande zombi zemeranyijwe 

ko hari ibyo koko DUSABE yakoze kuri iyo 

nzu ariko ntibashobora kumvikana ku gaciro 

kabyo. 

Abahagarariye Urwego rw’Umuvunyi muri 

iyo mishyikirano bamaze gusesengura no 

gusobanurira impande zombi ibikubiye mu 

ngingo ya 70 y’Itegeko n° 22/99 ryavuzwe 

haruguru impungenge zari zagaragajwe na 

DUSABE zabonewe igisubizo: 

Ku kibazo cyo kuzungura umutungo hashingiwe 

ku gaka kavugwamo kongera gushaka kandi 

DUSABE ataragira gahunda yo kongera 

gushaka, hagaragajwe ko kubera kwimura 

abaturage, iyo mitungo yamaze guhindura 

isura igenerwa agaciro mu mafaranga. 

Impande zombi zasabwe guhitamo hagati yo 

kuzungura no gukoresha amafaranga yavuye 

mu ibarurwa ry’umutungo hakagurwa undi 

mutungo ukomeza gucungwa n’impande 

zombi, haza kwemezwa ko izungura ryahita 

rikorwa hashingiwe ku mafaranga azatangwa 

na Koperative GOBOKA. 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rufatanya n’izindi 

nzego 

kurangiza ibibazo by’abarugana 

Ku kibazo cy’agaciro k’ibikorwa DUSABE 

yongeye ku nzu nyuma y’urupfu rwa 

nyakwigendera, impande zombi zumvikanye 

ko byahabwa agaciro ka miliyoni imwe 

(1.000.000frw) y’amafaranga bitabaye 

ngombwa ko hitabazwa inzobere mu 

ibaruramutungo. Ku mafaranga Koperative 

GOBOKA izishyura imitungo yabaruwe 

hakabanza gukurwaho ayo miliyoni imwe 

agahabwa DUSABE, asigaye bakayagabana 

bakaringaniza. 

Uwo mwanzuro umaze kumvikanywaho 

n’impande zombi Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

rwandikiye Koperative GOBOKA rusaba 

inyandiko igaragaza umutungo wabaruwe ku 

muryango wa DUSABE na MUSENGIMANA 

n’agaciro wahawe mu mafaranga. Ibyo 

Urwego rwasabye bimaze kuboneka rwakoze 

raporo igaragaza umwanzuro impande zombi 

zumvikanyeho, abitabiriye imishyikirano kuri 

iki kibazo bose bamaze gushyira umukono 

kuri iyo raporo yohererezwa Koperative 

GOBOKA kugira ngo uwo mwanzuro ushyirwe 

mu bikorwa. 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rukaba rushishikariza 

abaturarwanda bose kwirinda aho bishoboka 

hose ibibazo byavukisha amakimbirane 

atari ngombwa. Igihe ariko ayo makimbirane 

yavutse, rushishikariza abafitanye ikibazo 

kwishakamo umwanzuro wacyo ku bwumvikane 

bitabaye ngombwa gutakaza umwanya 

wabo no gupfusha ubusa ubushobozi bafite 

bagana inkiko. Umwanzuro wagezweho mu 

bwumvikane ufite umwihariko wo gukosora 

ibidatunganye no gufasha abafitanye 

amakimbirane kongera kwiyubaka no kubaka 

umuryango wabo ku neza no ku nyungu za 

buri wese. 

NZABAMWITA Anaclet 

 





Mu nshingano rwahawe, Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi mu mikorere yarwo ya buri 

munsi rufatanya n’izindi nzego, zaba iza 

leta cyangwa iz’ibigo byigenga gukemura ibibazo 

by’akarengane ruba rwagejejweho n’abarugana.Ibi 

bibazo bikaba biba biri mu byiciro bitandukanye. 

Ni muri urwo rwego rwafatanyije n’inzego bireba 

gukemura ikibazo cya RUZINDAZA Joseph. 

Imiterere y’ikibazo 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu ikemurwa 

ry’ibibazo by’abaturage 

RUZINDAZA Joseph yagejeje ikibazo ku 

Rwego rw’Umuvunyi avuga ko yaburanye 

n’uwitwa NIYITEGEKA Daniel amurega ubwone 

bw’amasaka,ibishyimbo,ubunyobwa n’urubingo, 

agacibwa miliyoni icumi n’ibihumbi magana 

atanu (10.500.000frw) ariko urubanza rukaba 

rutarangizwa kuva mu mwaka wa 2008. 

Ese iriya hazabu niyitegeka n’abo bafatanyije 

icyaha baciwe ntibaba bararenganye? 

Umurungi Emelyne 

bo bagahitamo kwivutsa ubwo burenganzira 

bemererwa n’amategeko. 

Ikemurwa ry’iki kibazo 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu gukurikirana iki kibazo 

rusanga impamvu ituma uru rubanza rutarangizwa 

ngo RUZINDAZA ahabwe ibyo yatsindiye ari uko 

abo baburanye nta bundi bwishyu bafite uretse 

amasambu bahawe mu gihe cy’isaranganya 

na Komisiyo ibishinzwe kandi bakaba badafite 

uburenganzira bwo kuyagurisha ngo bakuremo 

ubwishyu kuko batari babwegurirwa burundu, 

hakaba harafashwe umwanzuro ko Akarere 

kakwandikira Komisiyo ishinzwe ubutaka kayisaba 

ko yaha NIYITEGEKA na MUTABAZI icyemezo cyo 

Mu gihe cy’iburana, NIYITEGEKA yatumijwe 

mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze ubwo yari yarezwe 

n’Ubushinjacyaha icyaha cyo kwigomeka ku 

byemezo by’Inkiko ndetse RUZINDAZA nawe 

muri urwo rubanza aregeramo indishyi ariko 

NIYITEGEKA n’abo bareganwaga banga kwitaba, 

mu Rwisumbuye RUZINDAZA yamuregeye 

ubwone bw’amasaka, ibishyimbo, ubunyobwa 

n’urubingo yavugaga ko bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 

icumi n’ibihumbi magana atanu (10.500.000frw), 

iki gihe nabwo NIYITEGEKA n’abo bareganwa 

banze kwitaba urukiko ntibanarumenyesha 

impamvu batitabye umucamanza ategeka ko 

agomba kwishyura miliyoni umunani n’ibihumbi 

magana inani na makumyabiri (8.820.0000frw). 

Nyuma NIYITEGEKA na MUTABAZI bafatanyije 

icyaha ntibajuririre icyemezo cy’urukiko nyuma 

y’igihe kigenwa n’amategeko cy’ukwezi, icyemezo 

giterwaho kashi mpuruza gihinduka itegeko. 

NIYITEGEKA na MUTABAZI rero bakaba 

batararenganye ahubwo barirenganyije ubwo 

bangaga kwitaba Inkiko ngo bisobanure ahubwo 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rushishikariza abaturage kugira 

uruhare mu kwikemurira ibibazo 

kwegukana ubwo butaka burundu kugirango igice 

cyabwo gitezwe cyamunara haboneke ubwishyu 

ariko mu gihe batarahegurirwa RUZINDAZA yaba 

yishyurwa hakoreshejwe amafaranga ava mu 

musaruro abo baburanye beza muri ayo masambu 

yabo. 

Aha tukaba twasoza dukangurira abasomyi 

kudasuzugura ibyemezo by’ubuyobozi n’iby’Inkiko 

kuko nyuma yo kubisuzugura aribo bigiraho 

ingaruka. 

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IBIKORWA BY’URWEGO TURWANYE RW’UMUVUNYI 

AKARENGANE 

Dusobanukirwe n’ ibibazo by’imiturire mu 

Mujyi wa Kigali 

NGIRINSHUTI Védaste 

Mu nimero ya 16 twagerageje gusesengura 

imiterere y’ibibazo by’imiturire mu Mujyi 

wa Kigali. Twagaragaje ko n’ubwo Umujyi 

wa Kigali ugenda utera imbere, ariko hari n’ibibazo 

bigenda bigaragara mu buryo bw’imiturire. Ibyo 

bibazo birebana n’itangwa ry’ibibanza ridasobanutse, 

itangwa ry’ibyangombwa ridakorwa buri gihe mu 

mucyo, imyubakire idakurikije amategeko n’isenywa 

ry’amazu atujuje ibyangombwa. Twabonye ko zimwe 

mu mpamvu zibitera harimo imitunganyirize y’Umujyi 

igomba kugerwaho, kudatanga ibyangombwa mu 

buryo bworoshye, ruswa n’ikimenyane, ubushobozi 

buke bw’abatuye umujyi n’igishushanyo mbonera 

kidatunganyije. 

Muri iyi nimero turagerageza gutanga ibitekerezo 

ku buryo tubona ibi bibazo bishobora gukemuka. 

Ibitekerezo dutanga birahera ku bibazo byagaragaye. 

Gutunganya igishushanyo mbonera cy’Umujyi 

Kugira ngo imyubakire y’Umujyi ibashe gutungana, 

ni ngombwa ko habaho igishushanyo mbonera 

kigaragaza inyubako zikwiranye n’ahantu hashingiwe 

ku bikorwa bihateganyijwe. Dushingiye ku makuru 

twahawe n’abakozi bakora muri serivisi y’imiturire, 

icyo gishushanyo mbonera kugeza ubu ngo kirahari, 

ariko kugira ngo kibashe gukurikizwa kigomba kuba 

kigaragaza neza imiterere y’inyubako zikenewe mu 

gace runaka kugira ngo uhashyira inyubako amenye 

ibyo agomba kubahiriza. Kuba ibyo bitarakorwa bituma 

abantu bakomeje kubaka mu kajagari cyangwa guhabwa 

ibyangombwa byo kubaka ahadateganyirijwe ubwo 

bwoko bw’inyubako. Ni yo mpamvu ibidatunganye 

muri icyo gishushanyo mbonera byatunganywa kugira 

ngo inyubako zibe iz’igihe kirambye. 

buri gihe uko abifite bashatse kuhubaka. Byanakumira 

kandi ibibazo by’isenyerwa rya hato na hato rituruka 

ku myubakire yo mu kajagari. 

Itangwa ry’ibyangombwa byo kubaka 

Itangwa ry’ibyangombwa byo kubaka mu Mujyi wa 

Kigali rikomeje gutera ibibazo. Abashaka kubaka 

hari ibyo basabwa kuzuza kugira ngo bahabwe ibyo 

byangombwa. Nyamara usanga kenshi ababyujuje 

badahabwa ibyangombwa kandi hari abandi babihabwa, 

ugasanga dosiye isaba ibyangombwa imaze imyaka 

irenga ibiri cyangwa itatu iryamye. Kugira ngo itangwa 

ry’ibyangombwa rikorwe mu mucyo, hakwiye gukorwa 

ibi bikurikira : 

- 

- 

- 

Gushyira ahagaragara, ku batabikora, ibisabwa 

byose kugira ngo uhabwe ibyangombwa ; 

Kugena igihe ntarengwa uwujuje ibisabwa 

agomba kuba yaboneye ibyangombwa, 

atabihabwa agasobanurirwa impamvu kugira 

ngo nibiba ngombwa abashe kwirenganuza mu 

nzego zibifitiye ububasha; 

Gukora ubugenzuzi : Ubuyobozi bukwiye kujya 

bukurikiranira hafi itangwa ry’ibyangombwa 

kuko nk’uko twabivuze hashobora kubamo 

ruswa n’ikimenyane. 

Turasanga abashinzwe imiturire mu Mujyi wa Kigali 

bakwiye koroshya itangwa ry’ibyangombwa kuko 

byanafasha kwinjiza imisoro. Kuba abatuye umujyi 

benshi batuye mu bibanza bidasorerwa kubera ko 

bitujuje ibyangombwa, gutanga ibyangombwa byagira 

uruhare mu gutuma ba nyirabyo babisorera. 

Gusenyera abubatse mu kajagari 

8 

Mu gutunganya kandi icyo gishushanyo mbonera 

hakwiye kwitabwa ku byiciro binyuranye 

by’abanyarwanda, ni ukuvuga ko hagomba kugenwa 

aho abafite ubushobozi buhagije batura, ah’abafite 

ubushobozi buringaniye n’ah’abaciriritse. Ibyo 

byarinda abantu guhora babunza akarago kubera ko 

bagenda bubaka ahadateganyijwe bakagenda bimurwa 

Amategeko abereyeho kugira ngo ayobore abantu mu 

byo bakora byose, bamenye uburenganzira bwabo kandi 

bubahe ubw’abandi. Ni yo mpamvu amategeko agomba 

kubahirizwa na buri wese. Ni muri urwo rwego kubaka 

ahantu runaka bigira amategeko cyangwa amabwiriza 

abigenga, uwubaka akaba agomba kuyubahiriza. Iyo 

atabikoze bimukururira ibihano birimo no gusenyerwa. 



IBIKORWA TURWANYE BY’URWEGO AKARENGANE RW’UMUVUNYI 


Imitangire y’ibyangombwa byo kubaka mu mujyi ikwiye kurushaho kunozwa 

Twavuze ku kibazo cy’uko gusenyera abubatse 

bidakurikije amategeko bikorwa mu kajagari ndetse 

kenshi no mu nyungu z’ababikora, nko mu gihe basiga 

amwe mu mazu yagombaga gusenywa kugira ngo ba 

nyirayo babanze “babashake”. 

Kugira ngo ako kajagari mu gusenya kaveho hagombye 

kwitabwa kuri ibi bikurikira: 

- 

- 

Bitewe n’uko Igihugu cyacu gifite ubuyobozi 

kugera hasi ku muturage, bityo akaba nta 

n’umuntu wubaka abayobozi bo hasi ku 

mudugudu batabizi, abantu bakwiye kujya 

bahagarikwa kubaka nta byangombwa kandi 

bigakorwa mu nyandiko kugira ngo ubirenzeho 

atazitwaza ko atabimenye. Gusenya inzu 

imaze imyaka ituwemo si umuti mwiza 

cyane iyo yayigiyemo ubuyobozi bumureba. 

Ubuyobozi bw’uturere bukwiye kandi kujya 

bufatira ibihano abayobozi b’ibanze bagira 

uruhare mu kureka abantu bubaka kandi bazi 

ko bazabasenyera hashize igihe kirekire. 

Aho kugira ngo uwubatse bitemewe asenyerwe 

kandi afite ubushobozi bwo kubaka inyubako 

- 

ijyanye n’aho hantu, yacibwa ihazabu ikajya 

mu isanduku ya Leta, akerekwa inyubako 

ihakwiriye kandi agahabwa ibyangombwa. 

Koroshya itangwa ry’ibyangombwa na byo 

byagabanya imyubakire y’akajagari kuko 

twavuze ko abantu basaba ibyangombwa 

batinda kubihabwa bagahitamo kwiyubakira 

uko babonye. 

Muri rusange, ikigaragara ni uko hakiri ibibazo 

by’imiturire mu Mujyi wa Kigali ku buryo bidakemuwe 

bishobora kudindiza iterambere n’imitunganyirize 

y’Umujyi, ndetse bikanatera Leta igihombo nko 

mu gihe cyo kwimura abantu. Ibitekerezo bitanzwe 

ni imwe mu nzira zo gukemura iki kibazo, tukaba 

dusaba buri wese ko yatanga umusanzu mu gukemura 

ikibazo cy’imiturire. Turashishikariza by’umwihariko 

ubuyobozi bw’Umujyi wa Kigali gufasha abawutuye 

kugera ku miturire iboneye kandi yubahirije amategeko 

n’amabwiriza. 

 

9 




IBIKORWA BY’URWEGO TURWANYE RW’UMUVUNYI 

AKARENGANE 

10 

Complaints management in the Office of 

the Ombudsman 

BEZA Kevin 

An effective complaints management system complaint should meet the Office of the Ombudsman 

helps to measure customer satisfaction and is in order to provide further information about his or 

a useful source of information and feedback her complaint. The Office investigates Telefoni itishyuzwa for gathering 199 


for improving services. Often customers are the first evidence. 

to identify when things are not working properly. 

Implementing effective complaints management It is not necessary to investigate some complaints 

systems needs improvement of complaints handling because the allegations are baseless. At the end of the 

ibigomba gukorwa biba rimwe na rimwe iyo •Guhuza abafitanye ibibazo 

and reduces recurring complaints. 

investigation, the Office of the Ombudsman makes 

ari ugushyira mu bikorwa ibyemezo by’inkiko. 

recommendations indicating how the case should be 

The way the Office Umuyobozi of the Ombudsman bireba ahabwa or igihe any cyo other gushyira resolved by Guhuza the concerned abafitanye institution. ibibazo bikorwa ku 

institution handles mu complaints bikorwa icyo can affect cyemezo its reputation. cy’urukiko ; iyo bushake bwabo, Urwego rufasha abafitanye 

There is much to iki lose gihe by cyatanzwe ignoring complaints kitubahirijwe and Urwego The Office ikibazo of the kwicara Ombudsman hamwe, bakaganira has a program ku kibazo to 

much to be gained rufatanyije by having n’abashinzwe an effective complaints gushyira follow-up mu bafitanye, the implementation buri wese agaragaza of recommendations 

ibimenyetso 

management system. 

bikorwa icyemezo cy’urukiko babishyira made. mu The bishimangira purposes of the ibyo follow-up avuga. are Urwego to verify rwereka if the 

A good complaints bikorwa. 

recommendation 

management system can be an 

buri ruhande has been icyiza implemented cyo kumvikana and ku to kibazo detect 

deficiencies 

economical and efficient way of improving public 

bafitanye, in recommendation rukabafasha kugera implementation. ku mwanzuro The 

Ombudsman Office should determine if anything has 

image and increasing Aha client ariko satisfaction, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi and can also rureba bose bumva ubanyuze. 

gone wrong and take further action if necessary. 

enable the Office niba of the habayeho Ombudsman kwanga to review gushyira its mu own bikorwa 

performance and icyemezo identify and cy’urukiko address systemic (refus and 

service-related problems. d’exécuter ) cyangwa niba ari 

Management of ikibazo complaints cyo kuba nta provides bushobozi a 

practical approach buhari to handle bwo gushyira complaints mu in 

the following bikorwa steps: Complaints icyemezo cy’urukiko Receipt, 

Complaints Investigation ( incapacité and objective). implementation Tukaba 

of recommendations. tubamenyesha These steps ko concern Urwego the 

cases related to injustice. 

rufatanya n’ubuyobozi 

Normally the Office of the Ombudsman 

bushinzwe gushyira mu 

receives complaints via telephone, mail, or 

personal contact 

bikorwa 

from a 

ibyemezo 

variety of 

by’inkiko 

sources. 

These complaints iyo can be habayeho related to kwanga labour, 

administration, land, kubikora judgments, kugira social ngo security, ibyo 

etc 

byemezo byubahirizwe. 

Complaints received by the Office of the 

Ombudsman are •Gusabira forwarded to the ibihano appropriate byo 

unit according to their mu nature. rwego For rw’akazi example, 

injustice cases are submitted umukozi to warenganyije the Unit in 

charge of preventing and fighting Injustice. 

umuturage 

Gutega amatwi To listen abatugana complaint bifasha helps kumva to resolve neza ibibazo it byabo 

Corruption cases are oriented to the Unit in 

(Foto: Omb) 

charge of Preventing and Fighting Corruption. The Office of Ombudsman receives and responds to 

Mu gukurikirana ibibazo hari 

the complaints related to injustice and corruption. It 

Investigation is at ibyo the heart usanga of any akarengane complaint resolution karimo gaterwa 

promotes the 

Mu 

good 

gukemura 

service delivery 

ibibazo 

in all institutions. 

bivugwamo 

The 

process. The investigation n’uburangare determines bw’ubuyobozi whether cyangwa the kwanga institutions akarengane, that respond Urwego to their rw’Umuvunyi customers’ complaints ruharanira 

complaint is valid gukemura and gathers ikibazo information ku mpamvu necessary zinyuranye effectively ku gushaka are more umuti likely wabyo to have mu buryo a good bwubahirije reputation 

to resolve it. buyobozi bwarezwe, icyo gihe ubuyobozi and enjoy amategeko, a high level mu of trust nzira in y’ubwumvikane the community. kandi 

After a complaint bubishinzwe has been received, bwerekwa it will icyakorwa need to be kugira inogeye impande zibifitanye. Ruharanira 

clarified in order to ngo determine umuturage how yo to kuguma pursue complaint kurengana, iyo gutuma habaho imikoranire myiza hagati 

resolution effectively. bidakozwe The kandi person byarasabwe who made bikanibutswa, the 

y’abaturage n’inzego ndetse n’imibanire 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rusabira ibihano myiza hagati y’abari bafitanye ibibazo. 

byo mu rwego rw’akazi ku bitanga ku 


Telefoni itishyuzwa199 

wanze gushyira mu bikorwa ibikwiye kandi VUMILIYA Ruth 

byasabwe n’Urwego, rukanasaba ko bikorwa

TURWANYE IBIKORWA BY’URWEGO AKARENGANE RW’UMUVUNYI 


«Politiki nziza ni ishimangira ubutabera.» 

Nyakubahwa Perezida Paul KAGAME 

Ku wa mbere tariki ya 06/09/2010, Nyakubahwa 

Perezida wa Repubulika Paul KAGAME 

yarahiriye imbere y’imbaga y’abanyarwanda 

kuyobora u Rwanda neza muri manda ya kabiri 

y’imyaka irindwi. 

ifite, ahubwo ubukene no kudatera imbere 

aribyo biyibangamiye. 

Yanenze abanyamahanga biha kugenzura ibyo 

abandi bakora, bakiha kwanga ibyiza dukora, 

bakadutwerera ibibi bakora, ati ntawe ugomba 

gusubiza inyuma abanyarwanda kuko bazi aho 

bavuye kandi bazi icyo guta agaciro bivuze 

n’aho byabagejeje. Ati twahanganye n’abafite 

intwaro ntitwananirwa guhangana n’abagenda 

imbokoboko. Yavuze ko muri iyi manda 

y’imyaka irindwi azarushaho guteza imbere 

uburezi, ubukungu bw’u Rwanda, gukomeza 

kubumbatira umutekano w’u Rwanda, guteza 

imbere ubuzima n’imibereho y’abanyarwanda 

hashingiye kukuzamura ubukungu, guteza 

imbere ikoranabuhanga n’ibikorwa remezo, 

guteza imbere ishoramari n’ubucuruzi n’ibindi 

bikorwa by’iterambere. 

Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika arahirira kuyobora 

u Rwanda indi myaka irindwi 

Mu ndahiro yarahiriye imbere ya Perezida 

w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga Madamu, Aloyiziya 

CYANZAYIRE n’Imitwe yombi y’Inteko 

ishinga Amategeko, Perezida KAGAME 

yagize ati : 

«Njyewe Kagame Paul ndahiriye u Rwanda 

n’abanyarwanda ku mugaragaro ko 

ntazahemukira Repubulika y’u Rwanda, ko 

nzakurikiza nkanarinda Itegeko Nshinga 

n’andi mategeko, ko nzakorana umurava 

imirimo nshinzwe, ko nzaharanira amahoro 

n’ubusugire bw’Igihugu, ko nzashimangira 

ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda, ko ntazigera 

nkoresha ububasha mpawe mu nyungu zanjye 

bwite, ko nzaharanira ibyagirira Abanyarwanda 

akamaro. Nintatira iyi ndahiro nzabihanirwe 

n’amategeko.Imana ibimfashemo». 

Mu ijambo yagejeje ku banyarwanda, abakuru 

b’Ibihugu bya Afurika 13 n’abandi bari 

bahagarariye ibihugu byabo n’imiryango 

mpuzamahanga, Perezida KAGAME yavuze 

ko demokarasi atari cyo kibazo kinini Afurika 

Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika yakira ibirango 

by’igihugu 

Yashoje ashimira abanyarwanda ku byiza 

bamaze kugeraho no ku cyizere bongeye 

kumugirira ngo akomeze abayobore. 

Imihango ikaba yaratangiye n’amasengesho 

y’abanyamadini batandukanye yo gusabira 

imigisha abanyarwanda na Nyakubahwa 

Perezida Paul KAGAME. 

 

MUGISHA Jules D. 

11 




IBIKORWA BY’URWEGO TURWANYE RW’UMUVUNYI RUSWA 

The Office of the Ombudsman in 

schools and banks 

Good governance is a broad concept and has 

various meanings in different contexts. 

Overall, it pursues a set of economic, social and 

political objectives; the common denominator remains 

the promotion of social well-being of the population. 

This requires, among other things, an efficient, honest, 

equitable, transparent and accountable exercise of 

power at various levels of government. 

In achieving its responsibility of advising the public and 

private institutions towards improvement of the quality 

of services delivered to the population, the Office of the 

Ombudsman carried out the audit of institutions in order 

to assess the quality of services 

delivered to the population and to 

detect the loopholes of corruption 

and injustice. In this regards, the 

Office of the Ombudsman has 

conducted the survey in schools 

and different commercial banks 

in order to examine the forms 

and causes of corruption and the 

quality of service delivery. 

UMUGWANEZA Clémentine 

refuse to believe that school can be connected with 

illegal and immoral acts. 

The education sector plays a great role in the 

development of the country; however opportunities for 

corrupt practices are numerous. Where corruption is 

rampant there is a great risk that social trust may wither 

away and that the development potential of the whole 

country may be undermined. Adolescents often become 

familiar with corruption at schools; when this happens, a 

central role of the education sector namely the imparting 

of moral values and behaviour is becoming the norm 

resulting in corruption at all levels of the society. 

Instruments used were questionnaires which were given 

In June and July 2010, the Office 

of the Ombudsman conducted a 

survey on corruption in different 

primary and secondary schools 

in the whole country which was 

aimed at evaluating the extent of 

corruption to the level of students, 

teachers, leaders and parents. 

Results of this survey will be 

published after the analysis. 

The education sector plays a great role in the development of the country 

12 

In August 2010, the Office of the Ombudsman conducted 

a survey in the banks in different districts, with the aim 

to assess the types of corruption in the banks and their 

causes and to indicate strategies for preventing and 

fighting it. 

Corruption in schools affects the education quality 

The words school and corruption are seldom, if ever, 

seen together. Why? Because most people simply 

to pupils, teachers, parents and directors of schools. The 

sample was 3 primary schools and 4 secondary schools 

(private and publics) in each district. 

To assess transparency, some questions were asked to 

see if some children are not favoured for admission, 

while others are subjected to extra payments. It was 

also a way to verify if illegal charges are levied on 

children’s school admission while they were supposed 

to be free. In public schools, the National Council of 



IBIKORWA TURWANYE BY’URWEGO RUSWA RW’UMUVUNYI 


Examinations gives admissions, but school directors 

still have the privilege to give places on their own. 

How is this done? About examinations, students were 

asked whether exam questions are sold or given to some 

students in advance. If such behaviour exists, it might 

be a bad habit because it corrupts student’s moral and 

discourages student’s efforts. Such practices should be 

really punished. 

Concerning schools management, teachers and parents 

have shown some cases of embezzlement of funds 

intended for teaching materials, school buildings, 

indeed school property was used for private commercial 

purposes. 

The survey has focused also on teachers and students 

behaviour. It was to verify information whether 

members of staff are exploiting and abusing pupils in 

many different ways (physically, sexually) or pupils 

carrying out unpaid labour for the benefit of the staff 

or teachers. According to some of respondent’s views, 

sexual abuses exist and are punished. Some of them 

also take for granted friendship even sexual relations 

between teachers. 

In urban areas, private tutoring outside school hours are 

given to paying pupils, reducing teachers’ motivation 

in ordinary classes, and reserving compulsory topics 

for the private sessions to the detriment of pupils who 

do not or cannot pay. 

Departments of education at district levels were 

requested to respond on recruitment and transfers. The 

information will enable the Office of the Ombudsman 

to assess whether recruitment and transfers in district 

level are influenced by bribes or sexual favours or 

if they are done in a transparent manner. Regarding 

salaries, they were also asked about ‘ghost teachers’ 

where salaries drawn for staff who are no longer (or 

never were) employed for various reasons, as well as 

delays and arrears in teachers’ salaries. This remains 

an issue which should be solved by the Ministry 

of Education, because social, economic and moral 

situation of teachers affect very much the education 

quality. 

Service delivery in banks 

In August 2010, the Office of the Ombudsman conducted 

a survey in the banks in different districts. The aim 

of that survey is to assess the types of corruption in 

the banks and their causes and indicate strategies 

for preventing and fighting corruption. Through this 

survey, the Office of the Ombudsman will examine the 

quality of services delivered to the clients of banks. 

The survey concerns the clients of the banks who are 

beneficiaries of different services delivery like deposit, 

withdrawal, loan, etc. The quality of service delivery 

has a big influence on the yield of the banks. 

The relation between clients and employees of the banks 

has dual forms, there is one which is based on laws, 

policies and another one which is linked to corruption 

acts like nepotism and bribes. In the mentioned 

survey, the employees of the banks had to fulfil the 

questionnaire of the above mentioned survey. This 

will enable the Office of the Ombudsman to evaluate 

the management of human resource and finance in the 

banks. Heads of the banks were interviewed about the 

control systems of the banks and relations between 

the clients and banks. Services rendered to the clients 

by banks are money transfer, deposit, withdrawal and 

loans. Those services can be based on corruption if for 

example a client can buy a service which is his right. 

The client can be also a cause of corruption while he 

promises a bribe to the employee of a bank in order to 

get a loan without fulfilling required conditions. 

An employee of a bank can take advantage of needs 

of clients to demand bribes and certain persons can 

also use their powers to oblige the employees of the 

banks to act contrary to the laws. Causes and types of 

corruption in banks should be pointed out through this 

survey in order to indicate corrective actions for better 

service delivery. 

Corruption in education deepens inequality between 

rich and poor, preventing entire generations from 

pursuing a meaningful future. The analysis will 

highlight factors and forms of corruption in schools 

and recommendations will be provided to improve the 

education quality in Rwanda. 

The results of this survey will enable to distinguish 

bad practices in the functioning of the banks as regards 

their clients and to advise them as to improvement of 

the quality of services delivered to the population. 

UMUGWANEZA Clémentine 

 

13 




IBIKORWA BY’URWEGO TURWANYE RW’UMUVUNYI RUSWA 

Uruhare rw’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu 

kurwanya ruswa mu nzego n’ibigo byigenga 

14 

Ese Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rushobora kurwanya 

ruswa mu nzego n’ibigo byigenga ? Igisubizo 

cy’iki kibazo turakivana mu ngingo ya 7 y’Itegeko 

n° 25/2003 ryo ku wa 15/08/2003 rigena imiterere 

n’imikorere y’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi nk’uko ryavuguruwe 

kugeza ubu aho iri tegeko rigena inshingano z’Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi, zimwe muri zo akaba ari izi zikurikira : 

- guhuza umuturage n’inzego z’ubutegetsi za Leta 

n’izigenga ; 

- gukumira no kurwanya akarengane , ruswa n’ibyaha 

bifitanye isano na yo mu nzego z’ubutegetsi bwa 

Leta n’izigenga ; 

- 

- 

kwakira no gusuzuma, mu rwego rwavuzwe 

haruguru, ibirego by’abantu ku giti cyabo 

n’iby’amashyirahamwe yigenga , byerekeye 

ibikorwa by’abakozi ba Leta, iby’inzego zayo 

n’iby’abikorera ku giti cyabo, no 

gukangurira abo bakozi n’izo 

nzego gushakira umuti ibyo 

bibazo iyo rusanze bifite 

ishingiro ; 

kugira inama inzego 

za Leta cyangwa 

iz’abikorera ku giti 

cyabo kugira ngo 

imikorere y’ubuyobozi 

irusheho 

abaturage . 

kunogera 

Ruswa 

ni umwanzi 

w’Amajyambere. 

Tuyimenye, tuyivuge, 

tuyange, 

tuyamagane. 

Mu kuzuza inshingano yo gukumira 

akarengane, ruswa n’ibyaha bifitanye isano 

na yo, mu nzego zigenga Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

rukora ibikorwa bitandukanye. Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

rufite ububasha bwo gukora iperereza mu kigo icyo ari cyo 

cyose gikekwamo ibikorwa bya ruswa n’ibyaha bifitanye 

isano na yo. Ubwo bubasha bushimangirwa mu Iteka 

rya Minisitiri N°67 ryo ku wa 05/05/2009 riha ububasha 

bw’ubugenzacyaha abakozi b’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi. 

Iryo perereza rikaba riba rigamije gusuzuma amakuru 

atandukanye aba yatanzwe ku mikorere itanoze y’inzego 

zigenga, hagasuzumwa niba amakuru yatanzwe afite 

ishingiro ; abagaragaweho imikorere itari myiza 

bagakurikiranwa . 

Hahugurwa kandi abayobozi n’abakozi b’inzego zigenga, 

amashyirahamwe n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta, 

amashyirahamwe y’ubukorikori, abanyamakuru ; ibyo 

byose bigakorwa hagamijwe gukangurira izo nzego 

gukumira akarengane na ruswa, abazirimo bakanasabwa 

kandi gutunga agatoki aho akarengane na ruswa bivugwa 

kugira ngo bikumirwe amazi atararenga inkombe. 

Kalisa Swaibu 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rukora iperereza mu bigo n’inzego 

byigenga iyo rwatungiwe agatoki ko imikorere y’ibyo bigo 

itanoze nyuma y’uko haba hari amakuru aba yatanzwe ko 

hari amakosa akorwa na bamwe mu bayobozi b’ibyo bigo. 

Amwe muri ayo makosa ni ajyanye n’ibi bikurikira : 

- kwaka no kwakira ruswa ; 

- kudashyira abakozi mu bwiteganyirize ; 

- gucunga nabi umutungo w’ikigo ; 

- itonesha ; 

- kwigwizaho umutungo mu buryo butemewe ; 

- gutanga akazi nta piganwa ribayeho. 

Abagaragaweho ayo makosa bashyikirizwa inzego 

z’ubutabera kugira ngo bakurikiranweho amakosa bakoze. 

Inkiko nizo zifite ububasha bwo kwemeza ko amakosa 

abahama cyangwa atabahama. 

Kugira ngo imiyoborere myiza igerweho bisaba 

ubufatanye bw’inzego nyinshi, muri zo 

harimo inzego n’ibigo byigenga . 

Nk’uko Itegeko n°17/2005 ryo ku 

wa 18/08/2005 rihindura kandi 

ryuzuza Itegeko n°25/2003 

ryo ku wa 15/08/2003 rigena 

imiterere n’imikorere y’Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi ribiteganya , 

uruhare rw’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

ni ukwerekana aho imikorere 

n’imikoranire y’inzego idatunganye, 

bitewe n’uko inyuranyije n’amategeko, 

n’inshingano za buri rwego cyangwa 

n’imigambi rusange ya Leta cyangwa se ko 

ifite ingaruka mbi ku baturage. 

Nubwo inzego n’ibigo byigenga biba bigamije inyungu 

z’abantu ku giti cyabo izo nzego ntizigomba kubangamira 

abaturage cyangwa se ngo zice amategeko, zihe icyuho 

ruswa , akarengane ndetse n’ibyaha bifitanye isano nabyo. 

Ni yo mpamvu Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rushishikariza 

abaturarwanda kujya bagaragaza izo nzego kugira ngo 

zigirwe inama, zibashe gukosora imikorere yazo. Rimwe 

na rimwe imikorere mibi iterwa n’uko abayobozi baba 

badasobanukiwe n’ibyo amategeko ateganya. 

Guteza imbere imiyoborere myiza ni inzira ndende isaba 

ubufatanye bw’inzego zitandukanye ariko muri rusange, 

imiyoborere myiza ireba abayobora n’abayoborwa. Ni 

byiza ko buri wese amenya uburenganzira n’inshingano ze 

kandi akagira ubutwari bwo kuzisohoza neza , akamagana 

ruswa kuko ari icyorezo nk’ibindi, bityo Igihugu cyacu 

kizatere imbere. 

 

Kalisa Swaibu 



IBIKORWA TURWANYE BY’URWEGO RUSWA” RW’UMUVUNYI 


UBUTUMWA 

BW’ISHIMWE 

09/08/2010 

Umuvunyi Mukuru, Abavunyi 

Bungirije n’Abakozi bose 

b’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

banejejwe no gushimira 

Nyakubahwa Perezida wa 

Repubulika Paul KAGAME, 

Umukandida wa FPR 

Inkotanyi ku mwanya wa 

Perezida wa Repubulika, ku 

cyizere yongeye kugirirwa 

n’imbaga y’Abanyarwanda 

atsinda amatora yabaye tariki 

ya 09/08/2010 ku majwi 

93,08%. Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

rumwifurije Ishya n’Ihirwe mu 

mirimo yo gukomeza kuyobora 

Abanyarwanda. 

15 




IBIKORWA BY’URWEGO IMIYOBORERE RW’UMUVUNYI MYIZA 

16 

Icyo amategeko ateganya ku gikorwa 

cyo kumenyekanisha umutungo. 

Kwakira buri mwaka inyandiko 

zigaragaza imitungo nyakuri 

y’abayobozi bakuru n’abandi bakozi 

bafite aho bahurira n’umutungo n’imari 

bya Leta ni imwe mu nshingano Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi ruhabwa n’Itegeko n°17/2005 

ryo ku wa 18/08/2005 rihindura kandi ryuzuza 

Itegeko n°25/2003 ryo ku wa 15/08/2003 rigena 

imiterere n’imikorere yarwo. 

Imenyekanishamutungo rikaba rigamije gutoza 

abayobozi n’abakozi ba Leta barebwa n’icyo 

gikorwa gutunga ibyo bashatse mu buryo bwemewe 

n’amategeko kandi babasha gusobanura inkomoko 

yabyo y’ukuri. 

Ibi bikaba bibarinda kuba bakwitirinya umutungo 

wa Leta bashinzwe gucunga umunsi ku wundi 

n’uwabo bwite. Iki gikorwa ngarukamwaka gihera 

tariki ya mbere Mutarama kikarangira tariki ya 

30 Kamena za buri mwaka. Muri uyu mwaka wa 

2010, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwakiriye inyandiko 

z’imenyekanishamutungo 6598 ku nyandiko 6653. 

zatanzwe. 

Itegeko rigenga imiterere n’imikorere y’Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi riteganya ko abayobozi n’abakozi 

bavuye ku mirimo yabo bagomba gukora icyo 

gikorwa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 15. 

Iyo uhawe umurimo mushya ugushyira mu barebwa 

n’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru, usabwa gukora 

imenyekanishamutungo mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 

30 ugiye muri uwo mwanya. 

Iyo umuntu ahinduriwe umurimo agahabwa 

undi murimo wo mu bantu barebwa 

n’imenyekanishamutungo ntabwo yongera gukora 

iri menyekanishamutungo. 

Mu imenyekanishamutungo abantu basabwa 

kugaragaza mu gitabo cyabugenewe imitungo 

bafite mu Rwanda n’iyo baba bafite hanze yarwo, 

agaciro kayo,uko bayibonye (inkomoko), aho 

iherereye n’ingano yayo bagasabwa kwemeza 

ko ibyo bagaraje ari ukuri bashyiraho amazina 

umukono wabo n’itariki babyemerejeho. 

Muri rusange imitungo igaragarizwa Urwego 


rw’Umuvunyi igizwe n’amazu (atuwemo, 

ay’ubucuruzi n’inganda,…), ubutaka (inzuri, 

imirima, amasambu, ibibanza, ahacukurwa amabuye 

y’agaciro, asanzwe, imicanga, ahabumbirwa 

amatafari, ibyuzi byororerwamo amafi…), 

amatungo, amafaranga, imigabane mu ma sosiyete 

imyenda, imitungo bwite y’abana batarageza ku 

myaka 18, imitungo bwite y’uwashakanye n’ukora 

imenyekanishamutungo igihe batasezeranye 

ivanguramutungo risesuye. 

Igikorwa cy’Imenyekanishamutungo ni 

ngarukamwaka 

Mu itegeko Ngenga n°61/2008 ryo kuwa 

10/09/2008 rigenga imyitwarire y’abayobozi mu 

nzego za Leta, mu mutwe wa 5 werekeye imenyekanishamutungo 

mu ngingo ya 29 irebana n’ibihano 

byerekeye imenyekanishamutungo ivuga ko 

« umuyobozi wese ukoze imenyekanishamutungo 

ku nshuro ya kabiri ntiryemerwe cyangwa uwanze 

kurikora ahanishwa igifungo kuva ku mezi abiri 

(2) kugeza ku mezi atandatu (6) n’ihazabu y’amafranga 

y’u Rwanda kuva ku bihumbi magana abiri 

(Frw 200.000) kugeza kuri miliyoni imwe (Frw 

1.000.000) cyangwa kimwe muri ibyo bihano. 

Itegeko n°22/2002 ryo ku wa 09/07/2002 

rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta 

n’inzego z’imirimo ya Leta (Igazeti ya Leta 

n°17 yo ku wa 01/09/2002, umutwe wa mbere 

ujyanye n’ibihano, mu ngingo za 87 kugeza ku 

ngingo rya 94,hagaragara ibihano byo mu bwoko 



IBIKORWA IMIYOBORERE BY’URWEGO MYIZA RW’UMUVUNYI 


 

bubiri bishobora - kugira inama guhabwa inzego umukozi za Leta cyangwa Leta igihe 

adakoze iz’abikorera ibyo ashinzwe. ku giti Ibihano cyabo kugira byo mu rwego 

rwa mbere ngo imikorere birimo ukwihanangirizwa, y’ubuyobozi irusheho kugawa, 

cyangwa gukatwa icya kane cy’umushahara 

kunogera abaturage; 

w’ukwezi kumwe gusa. Ibihano byo mu rwego rwa 

kabiri birimo guhagarikwa by’agateganyo mu gihe 

Mu kitarenze gushyira amezi mu atatu, bikorwa gukerererwa inshingano kuzamurwa zarwo, mu 

haseguriwe ntera cyangwa ibiteganywa kwirukanwa mu burundu. zindi ngingo z’iri 

tegeko, Bumwe abagize mu bubasha Urwego bagendera Urwego ku rw’Umuvunyi mahame 

akurikira ruhabwa : n’Itegeko twavuze haruguru tugitangira 

iyi nyandiko ni ukubimenyesha inzego zikoramo 

abantu bose batitabiriye imenyekanishamutungo 

1° gushaka buri gihe umuti w’ibibazo mu 

cyangwa batarikoreye ku gihe rukazisaba ko 

nzira 

bafatirwa 

y’ibiganiro 

ibihano 

n’ubwumvikane; 

byo mu rwego rw’akazi. 

2° Byagaragaye guharanira ko kunga, impamvu kumvikanisha, abantu badakunze kugira 

akenshi inama kuvugisha no kugarura ukuri mu imenyekanishatungo 

mu nzira nziza 

ari uko ibibogamye baba badashobora mbere yo gukoresha gusobanura ubundi uburyo 

bagiye bubasha bigwizaho ruhabwa imitungo. n’amategeko. Itegeko n°23/2003 ryo 

ku wa 07/08/2003 ryerekeye gukumira, kurwanya 

no guhana ruswa n’ibyaha bifitanye isano na yo, 

Izi nshingano zimaze kuvugwa haruguru zituma 

mu cyiciro cya 4 kirebana n’ihanwa ry’ugushakira 

Urwego 

inyungu 

rw’Umuvunyi 

kw’abakozi mu 

rukurikirana 

mirimo batemerewe 

imikorere 

y’inzego gukora, za mu Leta ngingo rureba yaryo niba ya imikorere 23 rivuga yazo ko 

yubahiriza « azahanishwa amategeko igihano cyangwa cy’igifungo se niba kuva abakozi ku myaka 

b’izo 2 kugeza nzego ku bubahiriza myaka 5 amahame n’ihazabu y’imiyoborere y’amafaranga 

myiza. yikubye inshuro 2 kugeza ku 10 z’agaciro k’indonke 

yahawe : a) umukozi wese wa Leta n’undi muntu 

wese, yabikora yeruye cyangwa ku buryo bufifitse, 

Inshingano z’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi zituma 

cyangwa abishyizemo umuhagararira, uzaba 

habaho 

yihesheje 

gukurikirana 

cyangwa yemeye 

umunsi 

guhabwa, 

ku munsi 

binyuranyije 

imikorere 

n’amategeko amugenga, inyungu iyo ari yo yose, 

mu bikorwa, mu ipiganirwa ry’amasoko y’ibigurwa 

y’ cyangwa inzego za y’imirimo Leta kugira ikorwa, ngo zigirwe mu nzego inama z’imirimo aho 

bibaye ya Leta ngombwa, no mu zindi bikaba nzego, bigira abifitemo ingaruka cyangwa nziza 

mu yarabifitemo, gufasha izo mu nzego gihe cy’icyo kuvugurura gikorwa, imikorere ubutegetsi 

cyangwa ubugenzuzi kuri byose cyangwa kuri 

yazo. 

bimwe ; 

b) umukozi wese wa Leta n’undi muntu wese 

Ubu uzaba, buryo binyuranyije butuma Urwego n’amategeko rw’Umuvunyi amugenga, rufasha 

inzego yarihaye za inyungu Leta kwivugurura iyo ari yo yose, no kwisuzuma ku kintu yari 

hagamijwe ashinzwe gufasha gutunganyiriza abaturage ubwishyu kwiteza imbere, cyangwa 

bikaba irangizamutungo. binyuranye n’imikorere y’izindi nzego 

zifite Icyiciro inshingano cya nkarwo; 5 kirebana urugero n’igwizamutungo 

ni Ubufaransa 

ritemewe, ingingo ya 24 ivuga ko azaba yakoze 

aho mu ngingo ya 9 y’Itegeko ryo kuwa 3/01/1973 

icyaha cy’igwizamutungo ritemewe, umukozi wa 

rishyiraho 

Leta n’undi 

Urwego 

muntu 

rurwanya 

wese uzigwizaho 

akarengane 

umutungo 

ivuga 

ko adashobora igihe rusanze kugaragaza ikibazo aho ari yawukomoye rusange mu nzego binyuze 

nyinshi, mu kuri kandi urwo byemewe rwego n’amategeko. rushobora gusaba Azahanishwa ko 

itegeko igihano cyangwa cy’igifungo iteka kuva rihinduka, ku myaka 2 rushobora kugeza ku 

kandi myaka kubikora 5 n’ihazabu rubisabwe y’amafaranga n’abaturage yikubye babona inshuro 

ko 2 kugeza hari akarengane ku 10 z’agaciro gaterwa k’umutungo n’itegeko cyangwa adashobora 

kugaragaza aho yawukomoye mu buryo bwemewe 

imikorere y’inzego za Leta. 

n’amategeko. Urukiko ruteganya nta mpaka 

ubunyagwe bw’ibintu cyangwa inyungu icyaha 

Iyo cyakoreweho. urebye ishingiro ry’imikorere y’Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi Bayobozi namwe ni ukureba bakozi niba inzego musabwa zubahiriza gukora 

cyangwa imenyekanishamutungo, zishyira mu bikorwa ni inshingano muyigaragarize zahawe, igihe 

igihe kandi zikubita mu kuri. Ibi agashyi bizabafasha ngo kwiremamo zikosore ibyaba ituze no 

bitameze kuyigirirwa neza n’ababakuriye niho hakomoka kuko impinduka muzaba mwujuje nziza 

imwe mu nshingano z’ingenzi musabwa. Muzaba 

izifasha gufata icyerekezo gishya cy’imikorere. 

mugaragaje kandi ko mukorera mu mucyo. 

 


IFATABUGUZI RYO KWAMAMAZA MU MABARA GUSA 

1. Urupapuro rwose 300.000 Frw 

2. 1/2 cy’urupapuro 200.000 Frw 

3. 1/4 cy’ urupapuro 150.000 Frw 

Ibindi bisobanuro mwabariza ku biro by’ Urwego rw’ Umuvunyi 

ku Kimihurura (Ku kabindi) cyangwa kuri telefoni zikurikira: 

252 587308 / 252 587309 / (250) 0788305881 / (250) 0788479380 

17 





The impact of declaration of 

assets in Rwanda 


18 

The Office of the Ombudsman is a public independent 

institution that was created in 2003 by the Constitution 

of the Republic of Rwanda of 04 June 2003 in its article 

182. The law n° 17/2005 of 18/08/2005 amending and 

complementing the law n° 25/2003 of 15/08/2003 

determines the organization and the functioning of 

that Office. 

As to contribute to strengthening good governance 

across the country institutions, the Office of the 

Ombudsman has been assigned the following 

attributions: 

- act as link between the citizen and the public and 

private institutions and services; 

- prevent and fight injustice, corruption and other 

related offences in public and private administration; 

- receive and examine the complaints from individuals 

and independent associations relating to acts of civil 

servants, state organs and private institutions and to 

mobilise such civil servants and institutions in order 

to find solutions to such complaints if it finds they are 

well founded; 

- receive annually and the faithful declaration of the 

from the senior officials of the country and other 

personalities responsible for the public assets and 

finances, determined by law; 

- make a follow- up on the respect of laws relating to 

conduct of politicians and other leaders. 

For the purpose of this article, we will focus on 

the declaration of assets and property by the senior 

officials and other personalities responsible for the 

public assets and finances as they are determined 

by the law. The activity of declaration of assets is 

undertaken as to prevent and fight against corruption 

and promote transparency in the public institutions. 

The Office of the Ombudsman has carried out a study 

on the impact of declaration of assets and property. 

This study had the following objectives: 

- understand the incidence of declaration of 

assets on the management of the public and 

private assets; 

- bring out the view of the persons who make 

declaration of assets on the exercise of 

declaring assets and property. 

The declaring persons of assets and property to the 

Office of the Ombudsman were categorized according 

to their administrative position as follow: 

• Administrative leaders 

• Managers 

• Security Officers 

• Judicial Officers 

• Procurement Officers 

• Secondary education staff 

• Supervisors 

• Officers in charge of Settlement and Land 

The social demographic characteristics of the 

declaring persons have been focused on the following 

criteria; age, sex, administrative position, marital 

status, education level and the monthly salary level. 

Also the survey distinguished personal assets from 

public assets, improving the management of public 

assets, transparency in the management of public 

assets, improving the management of private assets, 

refusing bribe, reducing embezzlements of public 

assets. 

The study was an evaluation of the incidence of 

declaration of assets on the management of public 

and private assets. A series of questions were asked to 

know if the exercise of declaring assets and property 

has led to the following: 

• Distinguishing personal assets from public 

assets, 

• Improving the management of public assets, 

• Transparency in the management of public 

assets, 

• Improving the management of private assets, 

• Refusing the management of private assets, 

• Refusing bribe, and 

• Reducing embezzlements of public assets. 

The study made an analysis of the opinion on the 

activity of declaring assets and property: 

• number of years for which assets and property 

have been declared; 





• agreement level with the 

statement “the activity of 

declaring assets and property 

does interfere with the daily 

lives of those who declare 

their assets”; 


statement “the answers 

provided in the forms of 

declaration of assets are 

true”; 


statement answers provided 

in the forms of declaration of 

assets are exhaustive”; 

• necessity for annual 

declaration of assets and 

property; 

• ideal scheduled period for 

declaring assets and property. 

Declaring assets and property for the 

targeted leaders is carried out on annual basis. As to 

know the period that would better suit the declaring 

persons, the survey raised the question to know 

whether the declaring exercise needs to be carried 

out every year. 

The declaration of assets is an obligation highly 

appreciated for its objectives. It enables the 

separation of private assets from public assets (78%), 

the improvement of the management (79% for public 

assets and 72% for private assets), the transparency 

in the management of public assets (80%), and the 

reduction of embezzlements of public assets (76%). 

Regarding the opinions of the surveyed declaring 

persons on the exercise of declaring assets and property, 

they are favourable for a high level: the statement on 

the interference of the activity of declaring assets in 

the daily lives of those who declare their assets is 

disproved at 78% of the surveyed declaring persons, 

whereas accuracy and exhaustiveness of answers 

provided in the forms of declaration are respectively 

confirmed by 81% and 78% of surveyed declaring 

persons. 

Although the survey results pertaining to incidence 

and different views of the declaring persons on 

declaration of assets and property indicate a positive 

impact of the activities carried out by the Office of 

Houses, land, cows, money on accounts, cars and farms 

are among the verified assets 

the Ombudsman, there is a need for strengthening 

actions. 

As for the view on the need to declare assets and 

property every year, 79% of the surveyed declaring 

persons have no objection. Concerning the ideal 

periodicity to declare assets and property for the 14% 

of the surveyed declaring persons who do not agree 

on the annual periodicity, among them, 41% propose 

a period of 3 years, 35% propose a 2 year period 

and 21% a 5 year period. They present the higher 

proportions respectively among the judicial officers 

(47%), security officers (43%), the supervisors 

(39%) and the administrative leaders and secondary 

education staff (33%). In addition, the surveyed 

declaring persons are, most of the cases, of the 

university level (84%) with a salary below 350,000 

RwF (55%). 

Considering the results of the survey on the period of 

declaring assets and property, the period provided for 

by the law, which is the annual declaration, yet comes 

out as the recommendation of this study and this 

will help as the new mandate assigned to the Office 

of the Ombudsman in the preventing and fighting 

against corruption and seek better transparency in the 

governance in Rwanda. 

 


19 





Dusobanukirwe n’ibikubiye mu itegeko ngenga 

N o 61/2008 ryo ku wa 10/09/2008 rigena imyitwarire 

y’abayobozi (ibikurikira n°16) 

KAJANGANA Aimé 

Nkuko twabyijeje abasomyi b’Umuvunyi 

Magazine mu nomero ya 16 tugiye 

gukomeza inyandiko twatangiye igamije 

kubasobanurira ku buryo burambuye ibikubiye 

mu itegeko ngenga nimero 61/2008 ryo kuwa 

10/09/2008. 

Dusoza iyo nyandiko twababwiye ko muri iyi 

numero tuzabagezaho ku buryo burambuye 

ibirebana n’ibyo abayobozi batemerewe 

kubangikanya n’umurimo w’ubuyobozi barimo. 

Ibi nkuko tugiye kubibona bigenda bitandukana 

bitewe n’urwego rw’ubuyobozi umuntu arimo. 

Muri iri tegeko ibirebana no kutabangikanya imirimo 

turabisanga mu mutwe wa gatanu w’iri tegeko mu 

ngingo ya 12n’izindi ngingo zikurikiraho. 

ntibemerewe kuba mu nzego z’ubuyobozi 

bw’amashyirahamwe n’imiryango idaharanira 

inyungu. Icyakora, bashobora kubibera 

abanyamuryango. Ntibemerewe kandi 

kubangikanya imirimo yabo no guhagararira 

Leta mu nama y’ubuyobozi mu kigo cya Leta 

cyangwa mu Nama y’Ubutegetsi mu kigo Leta 

ifitemo imigabane. Icyakora, iyo bibaye ngombwa, 

byemejwe n’Inama y’Abaminisiri, Abayobozi 

Bakuru, uretse abagize Guverinoma, abagize 

Inteko Ishinga Amategeko, Abacamanza mu 

Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, bashobora kujya mu Nama 

y’Ubuyobozi bw’Ikigo cya Leta no mu nama 

y’Ubutegetsi bw’Ikigo Leta ifitemo imigabane 

cyangwa icyigenga hakurikijwe inzira n’uburyo 

biteganywa n’amategeko agenga ibyo bigo. 

20 

KUTABANGIKANYA IMIRIMO 

Ibitabangikanywa 

Umuyobozi ufite inyungu bwite ku buryo buziguye 

cyangwa butaziguye zishobora kubangamira ku 

buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose inshingano n’inyungu 

z’urwego rwa Leta ahamagawemo kuba umuyobozi, 

agomba kwiyemeza kuzireka mbere yo gutangira 

uwo murimo n’igihe cyose azaba awukora. 

Igihe cyose afite uruhare urwo ari rwo rwose mu 

ifatwa ry’icyemezo afitemo inyungu iyo ari yo yose 

ku buryo buziguye cyangwa butaziguye, byaba 

biturutse ko kiri mu nshingano ze cyangwa biturutse 

ku ruhare urwo ari rwo rwose yagira mu ifatwa 

ryacyo, haba ku bw’uruhare agira mu kugifatira 

hamwe n’abandi cyangwa ku nama atanga mu 

kugitegura, asabwa kubitangariza abamukuriye 

cyangwa abakuriye urwego rumushyiraho no 

kwivana mu mubare w’abafata icyo cyemezo. 

Imirimo yindi y’ubuyobozi itabangikanywa 

Abayobozi b’ikirenga n’abayobozi bakuru 

Amasezerano umuyobozi atemerewe 

Umuyobozi ntiyemerewe, haba ku giti cye cyangwa 

binyuze ku kigo afitemo imigabane keretse 

amasosiyete y’abataziranye, gupiganira amasoko 

ya Leta. Umuyobozi uhagarariye Leta mu kigo 

ifitemo imigabane cyangwa ushinzwe kukigenzura 

ntiyemerewe kugirana na cyo amasezerano ayo ari 

yo yose amuha uburyo burenze ubwo gisanzwe 

giha abandi bakozi bacyo. 

Imirimo ibujijwe ku bayobozi, abo bashakanye 

no ku bana babo 

Abayobozi b’ikirenga babujijwe gukora imirimo 

y’ubucuruzi. Abashakanye na bo n’abana babo 

batarageza ku myaka cumi n’umunani (18) 

babujijwe gukora umurimo w’ubucuruzi, uwa 

politiki uhemberwa cyangwa umurimo utesha 

icyubahiro abo bayobozi. 

Abashakanye n’abayobozi b’ikirenga bavugwa 

mu gika kibanziriza iki, bemerewe gukora undi 

murimo utabujijwe mu yo tumaze kuvuga. 

Babujijwe gusa kugurisha na Leta umusaruro 





bawukomoramo. Abana batavuzwe mu gika 

cya 2 cy’iyi ngingo, bashobora gukora imirimo 

y’ubucuruzi, babujijwe gusa kujya mu masoko 

ya Leta. Umuyobozi w’Ikirenga ufite kandi 

imigabane mu bikorwa by’uwo bashakanye iyo 

bari mu ivanguramutungo risesuye ndetse no mu 

yandi masosiyete agomba kubimenyesha Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi. 

 

 

Imirimo ibujijwe Abayobozi Bakuru 

Abayobozi bakuru babujijwe gukora imirimo 

y’ubucuruzi. Nyamara babiherewe uruhushya 

n’umuyobozi w’urwego barimo, bashobora gukora 

indi mirimo ku nyungu z’igihugu. Iyo bakoze 

iyo mirimo yihariye ntibayihemberwa. Icyakora, 

abo bashakanye n’abana babo bashobora gukora 

imirimo y’ubucuruzi, babujijwe gusa kujya 

mu masoko ya Leta. Abana bavugwa mu gika 

kibanziriza iki bagomba kumenyeshwa urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi. Umuyobozi mukuru ufite kandi 

imigabane mu bikorwa by’uwo bashakanye iyo 

bari mu ivanguramutungo risesuye ndetse no mu 

yandi masosiyete agomba kubimenyesha Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi. 

Imicungire y’ibintu by’umuyobozi wakoraga 

umwuga w’ubucuruzi 

Iyo umuyobozi w’ikirenga cyangwa umuyobozi 

mukuru asanzwe ari umucuruzi cyangwa ari mu 

buyobozi bw’ikigo cy’ubucuruzi haba mu gihugu 

cyangwa mu mahanga, agena undi muntu ushinzwe 

imicungire y’ibintu bye mu gihe akiri muri ubwo 

buyobozi, akabimenyesha mu nyandiko Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi mu gihe kitarenze iminsi mirongo 

icyenda (90) uhereye ku munsi atangiriyeho 

imirimo. 

Nkuko twabivuze dutangira iyi nkuru biragaragara 

ko ibyo abayobozi babujijwe kubangikanya 

n’imirimo y’ubuyobozi bigenda bitandukana 

bitewe n’urwego barimo. 

Ibi byose byateganyijwe hagamijwe gukumira 

abayobozi bashobora gukoresha imyanya yabo 

bakaba baha ruswa icyuho cyangwa bakaba 

baha agaciro kanini ndetse n’umwanya munini 

imirimo imwe n’imwe nk’iy’ubucuruzi bigatuma 

batayobora neza abo bashinzwe. 

Mu numero yacu itaha tuzabasobanurira ibirebana 

n’itangwa n’iyakira ry’impano cyangwa amaturo 

ku bayobozi. 

Biracyaza ntimuzacikwe. 

 

21 





Imiyoborere myiza mu turere ni 

umuyoboro w’ubutabera 


22 

Politiki y’imiyoborere myiza (good 

governance) ni intego u Rwanda rwiyemeje 

kugenderaho hagamijwe kugera ku 

buyobozi bubereye abaturarwanda bose kandi 

buharanira inyungu rusange. Imiyoborere myiza 

irangwa no gukorera mu mucyo, guha abaturage 

urubuga mu kugena no kugenzura ibikorwa 

bibareba, kwimakaza uburenganzira bwa buri 

muntu no gutanga serivisi zinogeye abaturage. 

Iyo politiki ireba mbere na mbere abayobozi 

n’abakozi ba Leta kuko nibo bashinzwe gushyira 

mu bikorwa gahunda za Leta zigenewe abo 

baturage. Abaturage nabo ntibagomba kurebera 

ibikorwa ahubwo bagomba kugaragaza ibyifuzo 

byabo kandi bikitabwaho. 

Nk’uko biteganijwe mu itegeko rigena imiterere 

n’imikorere by’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi, uru Rwego 

rufite inshingano yo guteza imbere imiyoborere 

myiza mu nzego za Leta n’izigenga. Niyo mpamvu 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rugenzura imikorere 

y’inzego n’ibigo bya Leta kugira ngo rusuzume 

niba imikorere yabyo ijyanye na gahunda za Leta, 

niba umutungo ucungwa mu nyungu rusange 

kandi niba bigera ku nshingano byahawe. 

By’umwihariko inzego zegerejwe abaturage 

zigomba kurangwa no kubagezaho serivisi ziboneye 

abazigana. Gucunga neza umutungo izo nzego 

zikoresha bituma zigera ku ntego zazo ku buryo 

zateganijwe. Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwashyizeho 

ibipimo (indicators) byarufasha gusuzuma uko 

politiki y’imiyoborere myiza ihagaze mu turere 

twose tw’u Rwanda. Gusuzuma iyo politiki bijyanye 

kandi n’inshingano yo gukumira no kurwanya 

akarengane, ruswa n’ibyaha bifitanye isano na 

yo. Twakwibutsa ko ruswa n’akarengane ari 

imbogamizi zikomeye z’imiyoborere myiza kuko 

ari ibyorezo bibangamira inyungu z’umuturage. 

Ruswa ibangamira iterambere rusange, uwo 

yokamye arangwa no kwigwizaho imitungo abona 

mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Ibyo abikora 

atitaye ku nyungu z’abandi. Ruswa ni imungu 

igomba gucibwa mu nzego z’ibanze. 

Uturere twarasuzumwe tugirwa inama yo 

kunoza imikorere 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwagiye rushyiraho 

gahunda yo kugenzura uturere rugamije kureba 

ibyaba bibangamira politiki y’imiyoborere myiza 

kugira ngo hafatwe ingamba zo kubihashya. 

Hagaragajwe ibyuho byose bya ruswa 

n’iby’imikorere idahwitse. Ubuvugizi bwakozwe 

ku nzego zitandukanye zigomba gufasha uturere 

gushyira mu bikorwa iyo politiki. 

Nk’uko bigaragara hari amategeko n’amabwiriza 

ashyirwaho atanga imirongo ngenderwaho muri 

gahunda zitandukanye ariko ntiyubahirizwe uko 

ateye. Nk’uko abasesengura ibirebana na ruswa 

babisobanura, kudakurikiza amategeko ni icyuho 

cya ruswa kuko abakabikoze bikorera ukundi 

bagamije inyungu zabo cyangwa iz’abo baziranye. 

Byongeye ariko, iyo nta mategeko ariho cyangwa 

n’ariho akaba atajyanye n’ibihe nabyo biba icyuho 

cya ruswa. 

Mu gusura uturere hagiye hasuzumwa uburyo 

inzego zikorana ndetse zinagenzurana. Aha twavuga 

uko inama njyanama y’akarere yubahiriza 

inshingano zayo nk’urwego rushinzwe kuyobora 

no kugenzura izindi. Mu mikorere y’akarere hagomba 

kurangwamo uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura 

ibikorerwa mu karere na serivisi zihabwa abagana 

akarere. Ubugenzuzi ni ngombwa cyane mu mikorere 

y’akarere kuko ubuyobozi bumenya ahari 

ibyuho bityo bugashyiraho kandi bugakurikirana 

ingamba zo kubirwanya. Igenzura rishimangira 

inshingano za komite nyobozi y’akarere yo gukurikirana 

buri gihe ibikorerwa mu karere no kubigaragariza 

abaturage. 






rugira inama inzego 

zitandukanye harimo 

uturere ku buryo bwo 

kunoza imikorere 

yazo. Iyo mikorere 

igomba gushingira kuri 

gahunda ya Leta kandi 

ntibangamire inyungu 

z’abaturage. Niyo 

mpamvu, uturere tugirwa 

igihe cyose inama zo 

kubahiriza amategeko 

duhabwa. Abayobozi 

n’abacungamutungo mu 

turere bagomba kurangwa 

n’imicungire myiza 

y’umutungo aho gushaka 

kuwunyereza. Mu 

mikorere yabo bagomba 

kwirinda ruswa cyangwa 

ibyaha bifitanye isano na 

ruswa nk’ikimenyane, 

i c y e n e w a b o 

n’ikoreshagitinyiro. Gukoresha ukuri no kubaha 

amategeko bituma ibyo akarere gakora biba bifite 

ireme kandi bifitiye inyungu abagatuye bose. 

Mu turere hagomba kurangwamo gukorera mu 

mucyo, serivisi zigatangwa neza, abaturage 

bakakirwa nta kubasiragiza cyangwa kubikiza. 

Abakozi babishinzwe bagomba kugira ishema ryo 

kumva bakoze neza kuko bibahesha icyubahiro 

bikanaranga ubuhanga bwabo. By’umwihariko, 

abari mu myanya y’ubuyobozi basabwa kuba 

intangarugero mu byo bakora n’ inyangamugayo 

mu myitwarire. Iyo batigenzura ubwabo, imikorere 

yabo ishobora gutuma akarere kavugwa nabi 

n’umusaruro w’abakozi ugatuba. 

Ni umwanya kuri buri karere kwerekana aho 

gahagaze 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwateguye amarushanwa 

ku miyoborere myiza agenewe uturere twose 

tw’Igihugu. Aya marushanwa yateguwe muri 

gahunda y’ibikorwa byo kwizihiza icyumweru 

cyahariwe kurwanya ruswa kiba mu kwezi 

Nyakubahwa Perezida w’ Inteko Ishinga Amategeko Umutwe w’Abadepite 

ashyikiriza igihembo cya mbere umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Gisagara ku munsi 

mpuzamahanga wahariwe kurwanya ruswa 

k’Ukuboza kwa buri mwaka. Ubusanzwe mu 

gusoza icyo cyumweru Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

rugenera ibihembo uturere dutatu twitwaye neza mu 

bikorwa byo gukumira no kurwanya akarengane, 

ruswa n’ibyaha bifitanye isano nayo. 

Amarushanwa yateguwe agamije kugenzura aho 

buri karere gahagaze mu birebana no gushyira 

mu bikorwa politiki y’imiyoborere myiza. Ayo 

marushanwa ari mu byiciro bibiri: kugera mu 

mpera z’ukwezi kwa Nzeri, buri karere kazuza 

imbonerahamwe kashyikirijwe n’Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi kihe amanota kuri 50. Mu kwezi 

kw’Ugushyingo abakozi b’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

bazajya muri buri karere kugenzura niba ibyo 

uturere twanditse bihari koko. Buri karere 

kazahabwa amanota kuri 50. 

Amarushanwa yibanda ku ngingo enye arizo 

imiyoborere, imitangire y’amasoko, ubugenzuzi 

n’imenyekanishamutungo. Bimwe mu bisuzumwa 

mu miyoborere ni uburyo bw’imicungire 

y’abakozi, inama z’abayobozi n’abakozi, inama 

z’inama njyanama n’uburyo ibyemezo bishyirwa 

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mu bikorwa. Akarere kagomba kugaragaza uko 

gakorana n’imirenge mu gukemura ibibazo 

by’abaturage kagaragaza ibyakemutse, ibyoherejwe 

mu zindi nzego n’uburyo bwo kubikemuramo. 

Amasoko ya Leta ni uburyo bwashyizweho bwo 

gukumira ruswa, gushyigikira abikorera ku giti 

cyabo no gushimangira ihame ryo gukorera mu 

mucyo. Amasoko ya Leta atangwa hakurikijwe 

amategeko, amateka ndetse n’amabwiriza 

asobanura ibigomba kwitabwaho. Ariko byagiye 

bigaragara ko mu masoko ya Leta harangwamo 

ibikorwa byo kudakurikiza nkana ibigomba 

kubahirizwa hagamijwe kubishakiramo indonke. 

Inzego zose zigomba guhashya ibyo bikorwa, 

zikabikumira, ababifatiwemo bagahanwa nk’uko 

amategeko abiteganya. Niyo mpamvu uturere 

tugomba natwo kwitabira gahunda zose n’ingamba 

byo gukumira no kurwanya akarengane na ruswa 

mu masoko ya Leta. 

Muri gahunda y’amarushanwa twavuze haruguru, 

bimwe mu byitabwaho ku birebana n’amasoko 

ya Leta ni ibijyanye n’abagize akanama gatanga 

amasoko, amasoko yatanzwe hakurikijwe 

amategeko, abakozi cyangwa abayobozi bagize 

uruhare mu gutuma amasoko atangwa ku buryo 

butubahirije amategeko, ba rwiyemezamirimo 

batubahirije amasezerano bagiranye n’uturere 

n’ibihano bahawe. 

Iyo inzego zishinzwe ubugenzuzi zikora neza akazi 

kazo bituma urwego rwagenzuwe rurushaho gukora 

neza kuko imikorere myiza n’imibi igaragazwa, 

bityo ibitagenda neza bigakosorwa. Akarere nako 

gafite uburyo bw’igenzura ry’imbere (internal control) 

n’iry’inyuma (external control). Icy’ingenzi 

mu bugenzuzi ni uko ibyifuzo byatanzwe bishyirwa 

mu bikorwa. Mu byo uturere tugomba kugaragariza 

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi mu rwego rw’amarushanwa 

ku miyoborere myiza harimo uburyo ubugenzuzi 

bukorwa na raporo zigaragaza uburyo ibyasabwe 

n’ inzego zitandukanye zakoze ubugenzuzi 

byashyizwe mu bikorwa. 

Nk’uko biri mu nshingano zabo, abayobozi 

n’abakozi bafite aho bahurira n’umutungo wa Leta 

cyangwa bari mu myanya ifata ibyemezo bagomba 

kugaragariza Urwego rw’Umuvunyi imitungo 

yabo. Komite nyobozi y’akarere igomba gukangurira 

abarebwa n’icyo gikorwa bakorera mu karere 

kucyitabira no kubagenera ibihano iyo batagitunganije. 

Ese ibyo birakorwa? Ntabatamenyekanisha 

umutungo wabo ku Rwego rw’Umuvunyi 

kandi ntibibagireho ingaruka? 

Akarere ni ishingiro rya politiki yo kwegereza 

abaturage ubuyobozi n’ubushobozi. Imikorere 

y’akarere ituma hasuzumwa uburyo iyo politiki 

ishyirwa mu bikorwa. Ibyakozwe byose nk’uko 

bikubiye mu ngingo enye zavuzwe harugu bigomba 

kugaragazwa na raporo zikubiyemo amakuru 

afatika. 

Imiyoborere myiza ishimangira ubutabera 

Guteza imbere imiyoborere myiza mu turere ni inzira 

iboneye yo gushimangira ubutabera. Iyo amahame 

y’imiyoborere myiza yitaweho uburenganzira 

bw’umuturage burubahirizwa, akarengane 

kagacika kuko umuyobozi ashyira imbere inyungu 

z’umuturage. Ibibazo by’akarengane bikemukira 

mu mirenge no mu tugari. Abaturage bagira 

uruhare mu gukumira akarengane, ruswa n’ibyaha 

bifitanye isano na yo. Ntawe uhutazwa. Ntawe 

usaba serivisi atemerewe ngo ni uko yitwaje 

bitugukwaha. Buri muturage aba ijisho rya mugenzi 

we akabasha kumurengera no kumurenganura 

kuko aba yaracengewemo n’ihame ryo guharanira 

uburenganzira bwa muntu. 

Ubutabera bwose bushyira imbere ikibereye 

umuntu, bwubakiye ku kuri, ku kutabogama no ku 

kutavogerwa. Abayobozi n’abakozi bo mu nzego 

z’ibanze bagomba kurangwa no kwita ku iterambere 

ry’abaturage no ku kubahiriza uburenganzira 

bwabo ku byo babakorera. Umuturage nawe 

agomba guhora azirikana inshingano ze, akitabira 

no guharanira icyamuteza imbere n’icyazamura 

igihugu cye. Inzego zishinzwe guteza imbere 

imiyoborere myiza zikwiye gukaza umurego kuko 

iyo nzira niyo izatuma abaturarwanda tugera ku 

majyambere twifuza mu Cyerekezo 2020. 


 





Abakozi bashya b’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi 

bahuguriwe kuri gahunda za Leta. 

Kuva tariki ya 12 kugeza ku ya 16 Nyakanga 

2010, Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwageneye 

abakozi barwo bashya amahugurwa kuri 

gahunda zitandukanye za Leta (induction course). 

Aya mahugurwa yari agamije muri rusange 

gufasha abakozi bashya kugira imyumvire imwe 

kuri politiki na gahunda bya Leta n’iby’Urwego 

rw’Umuvunyi by’umwihariko. 

Abakozi bashya 23 bahuguriwe ku miterere 

n’imikorere by’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi (overview of 

the functionning of the Office of the Ombudsman), 

kuri politiki y’uburinganire n’ubwuzuzane hagati 

y’abagabo n’abagore (gender), ku bumenyi bwa 

politiki (political science), ku mitangire ya serivisi 

zinoze kandi zihuse (service delivery), k’uburyo 

bwo gukemura amakimbirane (conflict resolution 

and management), uburyo bwo gukora igenzura 

(operational audit), Itegeko rigenga imicungire 

n’imikoreshereze y’imari ya Leta (public finance 

Law), uburyo bwo gutegura ingengo y’imari 

(preparation of budget), uruhare rw’Urwgo 

rw’Umuvunyi mu miyoborere myiza (role of the 

Office of the Ombudsman in good governance), 

Itegeko ryo kurwanya ruswa (corruption Law), 

ubutegetsi bwa Leta n’imivugurire yabwo 

(public administration and the reform), vision 

2020, imitangire y’amasoko mu nzego za Leta 

(procurementt procedures in public institutions), 

uburyo bwo kuvuga no gukora za raporo 

(techniques d’expression et de rédaction), 

uko abantu bakwiye kwitwara (organisational 

behaviour), ubumenyi ku micungire muri rusange 

(skills of management) no k’ubumenyi ku mikorere 

y’iperereza (investigations techniques). 

Abakurikiranye amahugurwa bashimiye ubuyobozi 

bw’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi bwabateguriye 

amahugurwa, bakaba bizera ko azabafasha kongera 

urwego rw’imyumvire n’ubumenyi rusange 

kuri gahunda n’ibikorwa bya Leta. Umuvunyi 

Mukuru Tito RUTAREMARA akaba yarabasabye 

kuzifashisha amasomo bahawe mu kazi ndetse 

no mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi, aboneraho 

no kubizeza ko Urwego ruzakomeza kubafasha 

kubona andi mahugurwa yabafasha kuzuza neza 

inshingano zabo. 


Ifoto y’ urwibutso y’Umuvunyi Mukuru n’abandi bayobozi bo mu rwego n’abakozi bashya 

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INKURU ISHUSHANYIJE 

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IBIKORWA INKURU ISHUSHANYIJE 

BY’URWEGO RW’UMUVUNYI 


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urwego rw'umuvunyi - Office of the Ombudsman

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