UHLAKA LWENQUBOMGOMO YOLIMI KAZWELONKE - Saps
UHLAKA LWENQUBOMGOMO YOLIMI KAZWELONKE - Saps
UHLAKA LWENQUBOMGOMO YOLIMI KAZWELONKE - Saps
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UmNyango wezobuCiko namaSiko<br />
<strong>UHLAKA</strong><br />
<strong>LWENQUBOMGOMO</strong> <strong>YOLIMI</strong><br />
<strong>KAZWELONKE</strong><br />
Uhlelo Lokugcina<br />
13 Novemba 2002
2<br />
OKUQUKETHWE<br />
ISETHULO NGONGQONGQOSHE WEZOBUCIKO ,AMASIKO ,ISAYENSI<br />
NEZOBUCHWEPHESHE<br />
UHLU LWEZIFINYEZO<br />
3<br />
4<br />
ISIGABA –1<br />
ISIZINDA NENGQIKITHI<br />
5<br />
1.1 Isingeniso<br />
1.2 Ingqikithi Yezomlando<br />
1.3 Ingqikithi Yezomthetho<br />
ISIGABA –2<br />
2.1 Izinjongo<br />
2.2 Imigomo<br />
2.3 Indlela Yokwenza<br />
2.4 Ububanzi<br />
ISIGABA –3<br />
ISIGABA – 4<br />
UHLU LWAMAGAMA<br />
IZIMPAWU EZISEMQOKA ZENQUBOMGOMO<br />
UKWAKHIWA KWAMAKHONO ABANTU<br />
AMASU OKUSETSHENZISWA<br />
5<br />
6<br />
7<br />
10<br />
10<br />
10<br />
11<br />
12<br />
15<br />
17<br />
19<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
3<br />
ISETHULO NGONGQONGQOSHE WEZOBUCIKO,AMASIKO,ISAYENSI<br />
NEZOBUCHWEPHESHE, UDOKOTELA B S NGUBANE<br />
Ulimi lomuntu ngandlela thile “luyisikhumba sesibili” , ukuba nokuthile ngokwemvelo komuntu<br />
wangempela,esikusebenzisa esethula ngakho amathemba nezifiso, ukuphimisa imicabango yethu<br />
nokuyigugu, ukuhlola ulwazi kanye namasiko ethu , kanye nokwakha umphakathi wethu nemithetho<br />
ewuphethe . Ngolimi sikwazi ukusebenza njengabantu emhlabeni oguquka njalo. Ilungelo<br />
lokusebenzisa izilimi ezisemthethweni ozikhethile luyaziswa ngumThethosivivinywa wamaLungelo<br />
nomThethosisekelo wethu ovumayo ukuthi izilimi zabantu bethu ziwumthombo okumele<br />
usetshenziswe.<br />
Ngiyaziqhenya kakhulu ukuthi , emva komsebenzi wokubonisana ngempela, siyakwazi ekugcineni<br />
ukwethula uhlaka lwenqubomgomo yolimi yaseNingizimu Afrika. Loku ukuqedelelwa komsebenzi<br />
owaqalwa ngonyaka we-1995, lapho ngaqoka iQembu lokuSebenza lokuHlela uLimi (LANGTAG)<br />
ukuze lingeluleke ngohlaka oluhlangene lohlelo lwenqubomgomo yolimi. Lesi sinyathelo sasisemqoka<br />
ngombono wokungabikhona kokumelana kokwehluka kwezilimi nomphumela wokuthi indlela<br />
“yokusebenza kobuliminingi iyinkinga yezinkokhelo” okubonakala kwezinye izingxenye zomphakathi<br />
wethu , kanye nokwanda kwezinsolo ezivela kwabaphethe bolimi ngokujwayelwa kokusetshenziswa<br />
kolimi lunye eNingizimu Afrika.<br />
Uhlaka LweNqubomgomo yoLimi kaZwelonke lusekelwe phezu komphumela wezindlela<br />
zokusebenzisana ngokubonisana, ngokusebenzisa kokubili i-LANGTAG kanye futhi namandla<br />
omNyango ngokuhlanganyela neQembu lokweLuleka leNqubomgomo yoLimi. Uhlaka lenqubomgomo<br />
lusemqoka ekuphathweni kwemithombo yezilimi zethu ezahlukile kanye nokufinyelela kukaHulumeni<br />
kwinhloso yokuthuthukisa intando yeningi, ubulungisa,ukulingana nobumbano lukazwelonke.<br />
Kungalomoya omuhle ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezilimi ezisemthethweni eziyi –11 zezwe lakithi<br />
njengoba kunikeze umThethosisekelo zathatha ingaphakathi elingunqa phambili kule nqubomgomo.<br />
Lolu Hlaka lweNqubomgomo luphinde lubheke iphuzu lokuthi ubumqoka bezilimi zethu buvezwa<br />
kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezomnotho ,kwezenhlalakahle nezombusazwe.Uma ulimi luphelelwa<br />
ubumqoka balo kulezi zimo, isikhundla salolo limi siyehla . Uhlaka lweNqubomgomo luphinda futhi<br />
lubonise ukuthi sibhekene nenselele yokusebenza emhlabeni jikelele nokuthi futhi izilimi zethu<br />
zomdabu kumele zibe yingxenye yendawo yobuchwepheshe obanda ngokushesha. Yingakho-ke<br />
luzimisele ukubuyisela isikhundla nokusetshenziswa kwezilimi zomdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika.<br />
Ngethemba ngenhlonipho ukuthi zonke izakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika zizolujabulela lolu Hlaka<br />
lweNqubomgomo yolimi kaZwelonke njengolwabo. Ngiyakholwa ukuthi ngokudibene kumele<br />
siqinisekise ukuthi inqubomgomo iba yinto yangempela ezimpilweni zethu, futhi isenza siziqhenye<br />
ubuthina beNingizimu Afrika engajwayelekile.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
4<br />
…………………………..<br />
DKT B S NGUBANE, ILUNGU LEPHALAMENDE<br />
UHLU LWEZIFINYEZO/AMA-AKHRONIMI<br />
DAC<br />
DoE<br />
LANGTAG<br />
HLT<br />
LiEP<br />
MTEF<br />
NLS<br />
PanSALB<br />
SADC<br />
SAQA<br />
SASL<br />
TISSA<br />
UmNyango wezobuCiko namaSiko<br />
UmNyango wezeMfundo<br />
Iqembu lokuSebenza ngoHlelo loLimi<br />
UbuChwepheshe boLimi lwaBantu<br />
Ulimi kuNqubomgomo weMfundo<br />
UHlaka lokuSetshenziswa kweMali esiKhathini esiLingene<br />
IziNsiza zoLimi zikaZwelonke<br />
Ibhodi yeziLimi yaseNingizimu Afrika<br />
Umphakathi wokuThuthukisa waseNingizimu Afrika<br />
UmKhandlu wokuQinisekisa iZiqu waseNingizimu Afrika.<br />
ULimi lweziMpawu lwaseNingizimu Afrika<br />
IziNsiza zokuHumusha ngoCingo zaseNingizimu Afrika<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
5<br />
ISIGABA- 1: ISIZINDA NENGQIKITHI<br />
1.1 Isingeniso<br />
1.1.1 Zicishe zifinyelele ema-25 izilimi ezahlukene ezikhulunywa eNingizimu Afrika,<br />
eziyi -11 yizona ezinikezwe isikhundla sokuba semthethweni kulandelwa<br />
isiGaba -6 somThethosisekelo we- 1996 (UmThetho weNombolo we - 108<br />
wonyaka we-1996), kusekwa ngokuthi kumele ukusetshenziswa kwazo<br />
kufakele amaphesenti angama-98 ezakhazamuzi sezizonke.<br />
1.1.2 Izilimi eziyi-11 ezisemthethweni yisiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu kanye<br />
nesiSwati (ezibizwa ngokuthi iqembu lezilimi zesiNguni); IsiSuthu, isiPedi<br />
kanye nesiTswana (ezibizwa ngokuthi iqembu lezilimi zesiSuthu); isiVenda,<br />
isiTsonga, isiNgisi nesiBhunu.<br />
1.1.3 INingizimu Afrika iyizwe eliziliminingi . Uphawu olugqamile lobuliminingi<br />
eNingizimu Afrika ukuthi izilimi zomdabu eziningana zikhulunywa ukweqa<br />
nemingcele yezifunda, ezahlukaniselwana phakathi kwemiphakathi yalolo limi<br />
oluvela ezifundeni ezahlukene.<br />
1.1.4 Kukhona manje ukwazi okunamandla kwesidingo sokukhuphula amandla<br />
okwenza ukuthuthukisa izilimi zomdabu ezazibandlululwa esikhathini<br />
esedlule kany nokuthuthukisa ubuliminingi, uma ngabe izakhamuzi<br />
zaseNingizimu Afrika kumele zikhululeke ekusekeleni ngokunganqamuki<br />
phezu kwezilimi okungezona zomdabu njengezisemqoka,okuyizona izilimi<br />
ezisemthethweni zombuso.<br />
1.1.5 Ukufikela kulesi sikhathi ukuphathwa kokwehluka kwezilimi eNingizimu Afrika<br />
edlule kahulumeni wobandlululo kwenziwe kwaba yinkinga ngokungabi khona<br />
kwenqubomgomo yolimi echaziwe, okwaholela ekutheni kusetshenziswe<br />
isiNgisi nesiBhunu njengeziLimi ezinamandla okuthelela ezenhlalakahle<br />
nezomnotho kanye nezingxenye zombusazwe zomphakathi wethu.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
6<br />
1.1.6 Emva kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili yombuso wentando yeningi, iNingizimu<br />
Afrika ifinyelele ephuzwini elisemqoka emlandwini walo. Izakhamuzi<br />
zaseNingizimu Afrika kumele ziphendule ukwehluka kwazo ngokolimi<br />
nangamasiko kanye nenselele yobuliminingi obusemthethweni ,yingakho-ke<br />
kungeniswa uHlaka lweNqubomgomo yoLimi kaZwelonke.<br />
1.1.7 Lolu Hlaka lweNqubomgomo aluqalisi kuphela indlela entsha yokubhekana<br />
nobuliminingi eNingizimu Afrika, kodwa lugqugquzela ngamandla<br />
ukusetshenziswa kwezilimi zomdabu njengezilimi ezisemthethweni ukuze<br />
londle luphinde luthuthukise ubumbano lukazwelonke .Ifakela ukuvunywa<br />
okubanzi kokwehluka kwezilimi ,ezobulungisa ,umthetho wokufinyelela<br />
ngokulinganayo kuzinhlelo nezinsiza zomphakathi,nokuhlonishwa<br />
kwamalungelo olimi.<br />
1.1.8 Lo mbhalo ubeka uhlaka olukwazi ukusetshenziswa lwenhlangano ebumbene<br />
yobuliminingi ngaphakathi kwemigomo yomThethosisekelo.<br />
1.2 Ingqikithi yezomLando<br />
1.2.1 Ukusukela ekuhlaleni kokuqala kwamaDashi eNingizimu Afrika ngonyaka we-<br />
1652, ngokulandelana kwezikhathi zomthetho wokubusa<br />
wamaNgisi(Bhrithishi),iNyunyana yaseNingizimu Afrika, kanye nombuso<br />
wobandlululo nokulandelana neRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika, kuze<br />
kufinyelele ekuveleni kombuso wentando yeningi ngonyaka we-1994 kanye<br />
nokufakwa emThethweni kobuliminingi obusemthethweni, umthethomgomo<br />
wolimi kahulumeni kanye namandla eziphathamandla kwehluleka ukubona<br />
ukwehluka ngokolimi kweNingizimu Afrika.<br />
1.2.2 Umphumela walesi simo kwaba ukungalinganiswa, lapho ukubusa kwesiNgisi<br />
nesiBhunu kwakha ukusebenzisana okungalingani phakathi kwezilimi<br />
zaboMdabu kanye nalezi zilimi.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
7<br />
1.2.3 Ngakho-ke , izinqubomgomo zolimi zamakholoni nezobandlululo,<br />
sezihlangene nenqubomgomo yezenhlalakahle ,ezomnotho nezombusazwe,<br />
zaveza ubukhosi bezilimi, ukungalingani okuveza izakhiwo zokungalingani<br />
ngokwebala nangakwezikhundla /amakilasi okwasingatha umphakathi<br />
waseNingizimu Afrika.<br />
1.2.4 Zonke lezi zimo zehlisa izinga eliphezulu lezilimi zomdabu kanye nezinhlobo<br />
zezilimi zabantu bomdabu kanye nabezinye izinhlobo zabantu base-Afrika<br />
namanye amaqembu ayebandlululwa kufakelelwa nabangeZwa<br />
neziMpumputhe – kuphoqelelwa inkolelo embi okungeyona ngezilimi<br />
zabamnyama, loku akubangelwa yizikhulumi zolimi lwesiBhunu nolwesiNgisi<br />
kuphela, kodwa nayizikhulumi eziningi zolimi lomdabu ngokwazo.<br />
1.2.5 Isimo sandiswa yiphuzu lokuthi, ngenxa yezizathu zokungacacelwa kahle<br />
kanye nezokufuna amandla eziphikisana nokufakwa kobuliminingi,<br />
izikhungo zikahulumeni nezangasese zinendlela ethile yokuthatha izinqumo<br />
zesikhashana zolimi eziphikisana nengxenye yomthethosisekelo kanye<br />
nezidingo ezihambisana nezilimi.<br />
1.3 Ingqikithi Yezomthetho<br />
1.3.1 IsiGaba sesi-6 somThethosisekelo sinikeza uhlaka oluphakeme<br />
olusemthethweni lobuliminingi , ukuthuthukiswa kwezilimi ezisemthethweni<br />
kanye nokukhuthazwa kwenhlonipho nokubekezelana kokuhluka ngolimi<br />
kwaseNingizimu Afrika. Ithola amalungelo olimi lwezakhamuzi ,okumele<br />
ahlonishwe kuzinqubomgomo zolimi zikazwelonke.<br />
1.3.2 UmThethosisekelo ugcizelela ukuthi zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni kumele<br />
“zibe nesithunzi esilinganayo” futhi ziphathwe ngokulinganayo,loku kuzawube<br />
sekukhulisa izinga nokusetshenziswa kwezilimi zendabuko, nohulumeni<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
8<br />
athathe izindlela zokushaya umthetho kanye nezinye zokulawula kanye<br />
nokubheka isimo sokusetshenziswa kwezilimi zendabuko ezingenamathuba.<br />
1.3.3 UmThethosisekelo uvumela inguquko kulesi simo solimi kulo lonke<br />
lelizwe,unikeza ukunakwa kwezenhlalakahle kanye nezombusazwe<br />
kumaqembu ezilimi akade encishwa amathuba ngaphambilini ngezizathu<br />
“zezidingo eziveziwe zemiphakathi kanye namaqembu anentshisekelo”.<br />
1.3.4 IsiGaba sesi-6(2) somThethosisekelo sidinga izindlela zokwenza zilungiswe<br />
ukuthuthukisa lezi zilimi zomdabu.<br />
1.3.5 IsiGaba sesi-6(3) nese (4) siqukethe ukunikezelwa okuhlobene nezilimi<br />
zikahulumeni kazwelonke nohulumeni bezifunda ,lapho iminyango<br />
kahulumeni kumele isebenzise okungenani ezimbili izilimi ezisemthethweni.<br />
1.3.6 Ukuthuthukisa ukwehluka kuye phambili, isigaba sesi-6(5) sivumela<br />
ukusungulwa kweBhodi lezilimi laseNingizimu Afrika (PanSALB)<br />
ukuthuthukisa ubuliminingi nokuthi libone ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa<br />
kungasetshenziswa ezilimini ezisemthethweni kuphela, kodwa nasezilimini<br />
zama-Khoyi, amaNama kanye namaSeni, kanye naseziLimini zeziMpawu<br />
zaseNingizimu Afrika. I-PanSALB izawuphinde futhi itshale inhlonipho<br />
yeziLimi zeNdabuko ezikhulunywa yizingxenye zomphakathi wethu nezilimi<br />
ezisetshenziselwa izinjongo zezenkolo.<br />
1.3.7 Okunye ukuvunyelwa okuphathelene nezindaba zolimi kwenziwa kwenye<br />
indawo yomThethosisekelo. IsiGaba sesi-9(3) sivikela ukubandlululwa<br />
ngezizathu zolimi ,ngaso leso sikhathi isigaba sama-30 nama-31(1)<br />
sikhuluma ngamalungelo esintu mayelana namasiko ,inkolo kanye<br />
nokuzibandakanya ngokolimi nokuzijabulisa. IsiGaba sama-35(3) nama (4)<br />
sikhuluma ngamalungelo olimi abantu ababoshiwe ,abagciniwe nabasolwa<br />
ngokuthize ,ngokugcizelela ikakhulukazi ilungelo lokugwetshwa<br />
ngokungabandlulula nenqubo okuqhutshwa ngayo noma okuhunyushwa<br />
ngayo ngolimi oluthandwa yiloyo muntu.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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1.3.8 UmNyango wezeMfundo (DoE) wangenisa “Inqubomgomo yoLimi lweMfundo<br />
(LiEP), egcizelela ubuliminingi njengokwandiswa ukwehluka kwamasiko<br />
kanye nengxenye esemqoka yokwakha iNingizimu Afrika engabandlululi<br />
ngebala . Umgomo okuncikwe kuwo ukugcina ulimi lebele lomfundi<br />
ekufundeni nasekufundiseni, kodwa abafundi bagqugquzelwa ukuthi bafunde<br />
nezilimi ezengeziwe. I-LiEP ibhekene nalezi zindaba ezifana nolimi/nezilimi<br />
zokufunda nokufundisa ezikolweni zikahulumeni ,ohlelweni lwezifundo<br />
lwesikole, kanye nasemisebenzini ephathelene nolimi kuminyango yemfundo<br />
yezifunda kanye nezinhlangano eziphethe esikoleni.<br />
1.3.9 UmThethosisekelo kanye nemithetho ehambisana nawo kubonakala kahle<br />
ukuthi kusekela ukuthuthukiswa kobuliminingi eNingizimu Afrika. Lolu hlaka<br />
lwenqubomgomo kumele luvumele ukulinganisa ngokwanele ukuhlanganisa<br />
inqubomgomo yolimi kuzo zontathu izigaba zikahulumeni futhi luveze<br />
ngokucacile ukuthi inqubomgomo imephi ngezinga nangokusetshenziswa<br />
kwezilimi ezisemthethweni kuzo zonke izifunda eziyisishiyagalolunye<br />
zaseNingizimu Afrika.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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ISIGABA- 2: IZIMPAWU EZISEMQOKA<br />
ZENQUBOMGOMO<br />
2.1 Izinjongo<br />
Inqubomgomo yolimi iyakunaka ukwenza komthethosisekelo wobuliminingi futhi<br />
iyavumelana nezinjongo zikahulumeni phezu komnotho ,ezenhlalakahle kanye<br />
nokukhula ngemfundo. Ihlose –<br />
2.1.1 ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa ngokulingana kwezilimi ezisemthethweni<br />
eziyi-11 ;<br />
2.1.2 ukwenza ukufinyelela okulinganayo emisebenzini kahulumeni ,elwazini<br />
nasemininingwaneni ;<br />
2.1.3 ukuqinisekisa ukulungiswa kobandlululo kwangaphambilini kwezilimi<br />
zendabuko ezizemthethweni ;<br />
2.1.4 ukuqala nokonga inkulumo ezwakalayo ngobuliminingi nayo yonke<br />
imiphakathi yolimi ;<br />
2.1.5 ukugqugquzela ukufundwa kwezinye izilimi zendabuko ezisemthethweni<br />
ukuthuthukisa ubumbano lukazwelonke,nokwehluka ngokolimi nangamasiko ;<br />
no-<br />
2.1.6 kuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kahle kolimi nokuphathwa kahle kwezemisebenzi<br />
yomphakathi ukuhlangabezana nokulindelwe ngamakhasimende kanye<br />
nezidingo.<br />
2.2 Imigomo<br />
Inqubomgomo yolimi isekelwe yile migomo elandelayo :<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
11<br />
2.2.1 Ukuzibophezela ekuthuthukiseni ukulingana kwezilimi kanye namalungelo<br />
olimi njengoba kudingwa ukwabiwa kwentando yeningi;<br />
2.2.2 Ukubona ukuthi izilimi ziyimithombo yokukhulisa ulwazi ,ubuchwepheshe<br />
nokuzibandakanya ngokuphelele emikhakheni yezemibusazwe kanye<br />
nezenhlalakahle ;<br />
2.2.3 Ukusebenzisana ngokuhlanganyela ukuthuthukisa ubuliminingi<br />
obuhambisana nomthethosisekelo;<br />
2.2.4 Ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiluphi ulimi ngezinjongo<br />
zokuxhaphaza , ukubusa ngendlovuyangena nokubandlulula; no<br />
2.2.5 Kukhulisa ukucatshangelwa kwabantu uma kwenziwa izinto ezithandwa<br />
ngabantu ,izidingo kanye nezifiso zemiphakathi yezilimi eziningi<br />
ngokukhulumisana kanye nenkulumo-mpikiswano eqhubekayo.<br />
2.3 Indlela Yokusetshenziswa<br />
Le ndlela yokwenza ibheka okulandelayo:<br />
2.3.1 Ukuthuthukisa ubuliminingi eNingizimu Afrika kudinga imizamo enganciphisa<br />
ulwazi oseluvele lukhona emiphakathini lapho izilimi ezisemthethweni<br />
zendabuko zibaluleke kakhulu .Loku kuzakwenziwa ngokusebenzisa<br />
nangokubandakanywa kwemiphakathi njengababamba iqhaza ezinqutsheni<br />
zokuthuthukiswa kolimi .<br />
2.3.2 Ilindeleke ukuthi izibandakanya nezingcweti zolimi ukunceda ukuthuthukisa<br />
indlela yokwenza izinhlelo ezisebenzayo zobuliminingi ngokwenza uhlolo<br />
kanye nokusakazwa kokutholiwe.<br />
2.3.3 Ukuqhubekisa ukubambisana kanye nokwabelana ngezibopho phakathi<br />
kukahulumeni namalungu e-SADC ukuphuthumisa ukuthuthukiswa kolimi.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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2.3.4 Kuzawuba nesidingo sokubuyekeza inqubomgomo esikhathini esizwisisekayo<br />
ukuze kubhekwe inqubekelaphambili ebhekene nobuliminingi obuphelele<br />
bomphakathi waseNingizimu Afrika.<br />
2.3.5 Indlela encike emphakathini ekuthuthukiseni ubuliminingi yiyo engaba<br />
nemiphumela emihle ,ngenxa yobuningi obukhulu bomphakathi<br />
waseNingizimu Afrika. Kumele kube yindlela endlalekile futhi ebandakanya<br />
wuwonke wonke ekuhlelweni kolimi nasekusetshenzisweni kwenqubomgomo<br />
eqinisa ubuchwepheshe bobuciko ekudluliseni ulwazi kanye namakhono .<br />
2.4 Ububanzi<br />
Ububanzi noma okunikeziwe kwenqubomgomo kumi ngendlela elandelayo:<br />
2.4.1 Zonke izakhiwo zikahulumeni (uhulumeni kaZwelonke,wesifunda kanye<br />
nowendawo), kanye nezinhlangano ezisebenzisa amandla kahulumeni noma<br />
zenza umsebenzi kahulumeni ngokusho komthetho, oboshwe yilolu Hlaka<br />
lweNqubomgomo yoLimi.<br />
2.4.2 Ekuthuthikiseni ubuliminingi izifunda zizakwakha inqubomgomo yazo<br />
ngokuhambisana nezinkomba eziqukethwe kulolu hlaka lwenqubomgomo<br />
,zinake izehlakalo zezigodi zazo ,kanye nezidingo kanye nezincomo<br />
zemiphakathi njengoba kushiwo kumThethosisekelo.<br />
2.4.3 Ohulumeni basemakhaya bazawunquma ukusetshenziswa koLimi kanye<br />
nokufunwa ngumphakathi wabo ngokuhambisana nohlaka lwenqubomgomo<br />
yolimi lwezifunda .Ngaphezu kokunquma ukusetshenziswa kolimi kanye<br />
nokufunwa yimiphakathi yabo ,ohulumeni basemakhaya kumele<br />
ngokuxhumana okubanzi nomphakathi wabo ,basungule ,bakhiphe futhi<br />
basebenzise inqubomgomo yobuliminingi.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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2.4.4 Ulimi olusemthethweni lizawusetshenziswa njengoba kudingekile<br />
kumisebenzi yezishayamthetho, kufakelela nemikhiqizo ye-Hansard,<br />
njengendaba yelungelo, uma kungenzeka kube nezindaba zezishayamthetho<br />
zesifunda ,izehlakalo zesifunda zizawunquma izilimi okumele zisetshenziswe.<br />
2.4.5 Uhulumeni uzawugqugquzela, lapho kudingeka khona asekele, amabhizinisi<br />
angasese ukusungula nokusebenzisa inqubomgomo yoLimi lawo<br />
ngokuvumelana noHlaka lweNqubomgomo yoLwimi kaZwelonke<br />
2.4.6 Ukuthuthukisa ubuliminingi le nqubomgomo iveza ukusetshenziswa kwezilimi<br />
ezakhiweni zikahulumeni ngokulandelayo.<br />
2.4.6.1 U(Izi)limi olu(ezi)setshenziswayo / U(izi)limi lo(zo)kurekhoda:<br />
Ngokuvumelana isakhiwo sikahulumeni ngasinye kumele sivumelane<br />
ngo(ngezi)limi olu(ezi)sebenzayo (ngezinjongo zokuxhumana ngaphakathi<br />
kwemiNyango kanye nokuxhumana neminye imiNyango ), lapho<br />
kungaphumeleleka khona, akekho umuntu ozawuvinjelwa ukusebenzisa<br />
ulwimi olufunwa nguye. Ngezinjongo zokubamba imihlangano noma<br />
ukwenza imisebenzi ekhethekile, yonke imizamo kumele yenziwe<br />
ukusebenziza izinsiza zokwenza ulimi lube lula njengokuhumusha noma<br />
ukuhumusha ( kokubili kulandelana, nangesikhathi esisodwa,noma<br />
ukutolika ngokuhleba )lapho kungaphumeleleka khona ngokubonakala<br />
2.4.6.2. Ukuxhumana namalungu omphakathi: Ngezinjongo zokubhalelana<br />
ngokusemthethweni, ulimi oluthandwa yisakhamuzi kumele<br />
lusetshenziswe. Konke ukuxhumana ngomlomo kumele kuqhubeke<br />
ngolimi, kwenzeke ngolimi elithandwa ngabantu okuqondiswe kubo .Uma<br />
kudingekile, yonke imizamo kumele yenziwe kusetshenziswa izinsiza<br />
zokwenza ulimi lube lula njengokutolika (ngokulandelana ,ngesikhathi<br />
esisodwa nangocingo noma ukutolika okuhleliwe )lapho<br />
kungaphumeleleka khona.<br />
2.4.6.2 Imiqulu kaHulumeni: Uhlelo lwemibhalo yobuliminingi obusebenzayo<br />
kumele lulandelwe iminyanngo kahulumeni kaZwelonke kulemBhalo<br />
engadingi ukuthi ikhishwe kuzo zonke izilimi eziyi-11 ezisemthethweni.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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2.4.6.3 Lapho ukusebenza okunemiphumela nokusimeme kukahulumeni kunoma<br />
ngabe kukusiphi isigaba kudinga ukuxhumana okuqondakalayo<br />
kwemininingwane kumele kukhishwe ngazo zonke izilimi<br />
ezisemthethweni eziyi-11 kanye nasezifundeni ,kuzo zonke izilimi<br />
ezisemthethweni ezinikeziwe.<br />
2.4.6.4 Lapho imiqulu kahulumeni ingeke yenziwa ukuthi itholakale kuzo zonke<br />
izilimi ezisemthethweni eziyi-11, imiNyango kahulumeni kaZwelonke<br />
kufanele ikhiphe imiqulu ngesikhathi esisodwa okungenani ngezilimi<br />
eziyisithupha .Ukukhethwa kwezilimi kuzokwenziwa ngendlela<br />
elandelayo:<br />
• Okungenani linye iqembu labe-Nguni (isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu ne<br />
siSwati);<br />
• Okungenani iqembu linye labe-Suthu(isiSepedi, isiSuthu, isiTswana);<br />
• isiVenda;<br />
• isiTsonga;<br />
• Isingisi; nesi<br />
• Bhunu.<br />
2.4.6.5 Umgomo wokujikeleza kufanele usetshenziswe uma kukhethwa ulimi<br />
lokukhipha imiqulu kahulumeni olwimini lwabe Nguni nabeSuthu.<br />
2.4.6.6 Ukuxhumana nomhlaba jikelele: Ukuxhumana kukahulumeni nomhlaba<br />
jikelele kuzawuba ulimi lwesiNgisi noma kokungavamile kwenziwe ngolimi<br />
olukhethwe yizwe okuxhunyanwa nalo.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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ISIGABA-3:UKWAKHIWA KWAMAKHONO ABANTU<br />
3.1 Ukusetshenziswa kwenqubomgomo yolimi kuzokongeza ukufuneka<br />
kokuhumusha nokuhlela umsebenzi kanye nemisebenzi yokutolika,<br />
ikakhulukazi ezilimini zendabuko. Umnyombo wokukwazi ukuhumusha kulezi<br />
zilimi kuzomele uthuthukiswe wandiselwe emiNyangweni kahulumeni<br />
nasemisebenzini yangasese yabasebenzi bolimi abazimele njengabahumushi<br />
,abahlali , kanye notoliki . Lesi sidingo esingeziwe semisebenzi yezisebenzi<br />
zolimi eziyizingoti kuzawidingeka ukuqeqeshwa kwamakhono okwengeziwe.<br />
3.2 Ukusungulwa kwamayunithi kulowo nalowo mnyango kahulumeni kaZwelonke<br />
kanye nakuleso naleso sifunda kuzawuba nomthelela emisebenzini eyenziwa<br />
yiGatsha loLimi lukaZwelonke. I-NLS izawudingeka ukuthi lixhumanise<br />
ukuphatha nokusetshenziswa kwenqubomgomo ngokwenza lula<br />
ukuqeqeshwa kweqembu leyunithi yabasebenzi boLimi emisebenzini<br />
yokuhlelwa kolimi nokusekela izinhlelo zemisebenzi zalamaqembu.I-NLS<br />
izawuphinde ibe nomthwalo wokuxhumanisa ukusungula izinhlelo<br />
zokuqeqeshwa kwabahumushi ,abahleli kanye nabatolikayo, kanye<br />
nokusungula izinkomba ezisebenzayo ezindabeni zezinga.<br />
3.3 Izindawo zetheminografi netheminoloji nazo ngokunjalo zizoshintsheka .Lo<br />
msebenzi owengeziwe wokuhumusha uzakudinga ukusungulwa<br />
okuphuthumayo kwetheminoloji/amagama kulezi zilimi ezisemthethweni<br />
kanye neNqolobane yamagama kaZwelonke efinyelelwa ngababili kalula<br />
ohulumeni kanye nezisebenzi zolimi ezizimele.<br />
3.4 Ukutholakala kokusetshenziswa kwezobuchwepheshe bolimi lwabantu (HLT)<br />
(isib. Ukuhumusha okuncedwa ngumshini ,iqoqa lamagama okuhumusha<br />
,izinhloli zesipelingi)kulezi zilimi zendabuko kuzawudlala indima enkulu<br />
emisebenzini yokwenza lula ulimi.<br />
3.5 Ubukhulu obukhethiwe beyunithi yolimi buzawunqunywa nokuqeqeshelwa<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
16<br />
amakhono kule ndawo kuzawubekwa phambili emva kokunakwa kwenani<br />
lezilimi nezisemthethweni okumele zisetshenziswe. Amayunithi aqukethe<br />
abasebenzi abayizingcweti abane noma abangaphezulu, azodinga onobhala.<br />
3.6 Ukwakhiwa kwamakhono ezindaweni eziboniwe zokwenziwa lula kolimi<br />
kuzokwenzeka ngokubambisana okunamathelene nabanikazi balo msebenzi<br />
njengezakhiwo zemfundo ephakeme enikeza izinhlelo ezamukelwa yi-SAQA<br />
kanye nezifundo zokusebenza ngolimi, ukuhumusha, ukuhlela, ukutolika<br />
,ukuhlela ulimi, ukuqanjwa nokuqoqwa kwamagama amasha (itheminografi)<br />
kanye isayensi yokwakhiwa kwezichazamagama (neleksikhografi).<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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ISIGABA-4: AMASU OKUSETSHENZISWA<br />
4.1 Isigaba esiqhubekayo ekusebenziseni lenqubomgomo esikhathini esifushane<br />
,esilingene kanye nasesikhathini eside yindlela encomekayo kuzo zonke<br />
izigaba.<br />
4.2 Mayelana nemibhalo kahulumeni ,ukwenziwa kwayo kuzawubekwa ngendlela<br />
eguqulwa kalula kanye nephathekayo kuzakhiwo zikahulumeni esikhathini<br />
esingaba okungenani iminyaka emithathu. Ubuhle ngokwenziwa kancane<br />
kancane komzimba wemisebenzi ukuthi iminyango izokwazi ukuthuthukiswa<br />
ulwazi olwengeziwe futhi aphathe lendlela yokwenza ngempumelelo enkulu.<br />
4.3 Izakhiwo zikahulumeni zizokuba nesikhathi sokuhlela izinhlelo mali<br />
ngokongeza kancane kancane ukunikezwa kwezimali esikhathini se-MTEF<br />
nemisebenzi yokuhlela ngokuhambisana nezinsiza ezidingekayo<br />
ekusebenziseni ngempumelelo lenqubomgomo.<br />
4.4 Izindlela zokugada ukuqinisekisa izinga lokuhumusha kanye nemisebenzi<br />
yokuhlela izawuthuthukiswa.<br />
4.5 Ngokubambisana ne-PanSALB, UmNyango wezoBuciko namaSiko<br />
uzawubheka inqubekela phambili bese uyabika esikhathini esibekiwe kuzo<br />
zonke izigungu ezithintekayo.<br />
4.6 Ukubuyekezwa kwenqubomgomo kuzakwenziwa ngenjwayelo futhi<br />
nangokunconywayo kuzashiwo kuze kuchibiyelwe lapho kudingeka khona<br />
ukuze izinhlelo mali zilungiswe ngokufanele.<br />
4.7 Izakhiwozimo ezidingekayo ukusebenzisa inqubomgomo zizokwakhiwa. Loku<br />
kuzofakela ukusungulwa kwamayunithi olimi kuyo yonke iminyango kanye<br />
nasezifundeni ukuze kuphathwe. –<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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• Ukuxhumana ngomlomo kwangaphakathi kweminyango kanye<br />
nokuxhumana neminye imiNyango kuyo yonke imikhakha kahulumeni.<br />
• Ukuxhumana ngokubhalelana ngaphakathi kweminyango kanye<br />
nokuxhumana neminye iminyango kuyo yonke imikhakha kahulumeni.<br />
• ukuxhumana ngomlomo nomphakathi ;<br />
• ukuxhumana ngokubhalelana nomphakathi; no<br />
• kuxhumana nomhlabajikelele lapho kudingeka khona.<br />
4.8 Ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa inqubomgomo ezizawusetshenziswa<br />
kuzawuba yiNdlela yokuziPhatha yoLimi yabaSebenzi bakaHulumeni<br />
,ukusungulwa koMkhandlu yabaSebenzi boLimi baseNingizimu Afrika<br />
,neyeMisebenzi yokuHumusha ngoCingo yaseNingizimu Afrika (TISSA), isu<br />
lokuthuthukisa izilimi ezazibandlulilwe ngaphambili kanye ne-HLT.<br />
4.8.1 Izibopho ezengeziwe zikaHulumeni ezimayelana nokusetshenziswa<br />
kwenqubomgomo yoLimi kaZwelonke injengokulandelayo:<br />
• Ukweseka ukuthuthukisa kwemithombo yokusiza yabantu<br />
ekusetshenzisweni ngempumelelo kobuliminingi.<br />
• Ukuphatha umsebenzi wokwenziwa lula kolimi ,okusho ukuthi<br />
,ukuhumusha ,ukutolika kanye nokusungula kwetheminoloji,ngentuthuko<br />
kanye nezishayamthetho ezifanelekile .<br />
• Ukweseka ubulungisa obukhethekile noma izinhlelo zolimi zendabuko<br />
ebekade zibandlululiwe ,okungukuthi ,iziLimi zabamNyama kanye nezilimi<br />
zama-Khoyi ,ama-Sani kanye nama-Nama, kanye nezilimi zezandla<br />
zaseNingizimu Afrika; kanye no-<br />
• kweseka ukufunda nokufundiswa kwazo zonke iziLimi zabaMnyama<br />
ezisemthethweni eNingizimu Afrika kuwo wonke amazinga esikole.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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UHLU LWAMAGAMA<br />
ubulimimbili<br />
Indlela yokusebenzisa izilimi ezimbili (kungasho ukuthi uzazi ngokulingana<br />
zombili )<br />
ukuthuthuka kolimi Ukuthuthukiswa kolimi ngokulubhala, ukulenza libe semthethweni<br />
nokwandiswa kwemisebenzi ukuze ulimi lusetshenziswe<br />
kuzinsizakuxhumana, emfundweni , kwezomthetho nezinhlelo<br />
zokuphatha,njll.,nokunikeza ububanzi jikelele bokushicilela imisebenzi<br />
ebhaliwe ngalolo limi.<br />
ukulungisa Amaphutha Isenzo sokufakela ukulungiswa kolimi kanye/noma indlela yokubhala<br />
iziqephu.<br />
ukulinganisa<br />
Izinga lobuqotho, ukungalingani; ukusebenzisa ngokulingana; kokuqotho<br />
nokulungile.<br />
ubuliminingi<br />
obusebenzayo<br />
Kushiwo ulimi noma izilimi ezithile endaweni ethile ,obunqunywa yingqikithi<br />
yolimi olusetshenziswayo ,umsebenzi, Izethameli kanye nomlayezo<br />
odluliswayo.<br />
izilimi zomNotho Izilimi okungezona ezendabuko ezweni kodwa izilimi zezihambi.<br />
weMvelo<br />
izilimi ezazibhekelwa Ingqikithi yaseNingizimu Afrika ,kunezilimi ebezikade zinganakwa<br />
phansi ngokomlando ngamaqembu anamandla akudala futhi –ke ngenxa yaloko<br />
bezingasetshenziswa noma zisetshenziswe<br />
emsakazweni,kwezemfundo(ngemuva kwesikole semfundo ephansi),noma<br />
esizweni noma emnothweni. Lezi zilimi bezingasekelwa ngalutho .Zifakela<br />
ngaphakathi izilimi zendabuko ,izilimi zomNotho weMvelo kanye nolimi<br />
lwezimpawu( SASL).<br />
ubuchwepheshe bolimi<br />
lwabantu<br />
Ukusetshenziswa kolwazi lolimi ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zekhompyutha<br />
ezingabona ,zihumushe ,futhi zikhiphe ulimi lwesintu ngazo zonke<br />
izindlela; njengokuthuthukisa okusetshenziswayo okwenza ukuthi<br />
kukwazeke ukuthi abantu basebenzisane namakhompyutha .<br />
izilimi zoMdabu Ulimi olungelabahlali balelo zwe.<br />
ukuhumusha<br />
Isenzo sokudlulisa inkulumo ukusuka kolunye ulimi uye kolunye.<br />
ukuqapha ulimi Ukuqaphela ukuthi ulimi lusetshenziswa kanjani esizweni ,ukuthi<br />
abasebenzisi bolimi bayawazi yini amalungelo olwimi ,nokuthi ulwimi<br />
lusetshenziswa kanjani ukukhuphula amandla nokuphinde ubehlise.<br />
ukulinganisa ulimi Ngokomthethosisekelo ,zonke izilimi kumele zithole ukuhlonishwa<br />
okulinganayo. Ukuphathwa ngokufana kwezilimi ezimbili noma<br />
ezingaphezulu ,ikakhulukazi ukuya ngezingxenye zomphakathi<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
20<br />
ezisemthethweni ezinjenge zishayamthetho ,ezobulungisa ,ukuphatha<br />
kanye nokuqondiswa komphakathi.<br />
ukulinganisa ulimi Ukunikezwa ngokulinganayo kanye /noma ukuphathwa kwezilimi ezimbili<br />
noma ezingaphezulu .Izinto ezifana nenani labakhulumi kanye nesimo<br />
solwimi esingenza inqubomgomo inqume lapho kungasetshenziswa khona<br />
ulimi oluthize .Loku kusetshenziswa angeke kulingane .”(A) umbuso<br />
angeke usebenzise ngempumelelo izilimi zazo zonke izakhamuzi futhi<br />
ungahle uzibophelele ngokusebenzisana ngolimi noma izilimi zawo<br />
ezisemthethweni ,noma izilimi ezithize ngandlela thize” (Turi, 1993:14 -<br />
15).<br />
ukuhlela ulimi<br />
Ukuhlelwa kolimi kubhekene nezimpendulo zezinkinga zolimi ngokuthola<br />
ezinye izindlela kanye nemiphumela .Ukufakelela izinqubo zokuqondisisa<br />
kanye nokwenza kangcono izilimi ngokuthuthukisa ulimi .<br />
umthethomgomo wolimi Isinqumo esisemthethweni sesimo solimi esehlukene nesikhulunywayo<br />
emiphakathini ,isibonelo ,yiluphi ulimi oluzoba wulimi lwesizwe noma ulimi<br />
olusemthethweni ,yiziphi izilimi ezizawusetshenziswa ezifundeni kanti<br />
zizawuthola siphi isikhundla.<br />
amalungelo olimi Imithetho enquma izimo lapho izakhamuzi zingazikhethela khona ulimi.<br />
amayunithi olimi Izikhungo zikahulumeni eminyangweni nasezifundeni ukubhekana<br />
nezindaba zezilimi zalowo Mnyango nesifunda okusukela kuNqubomgomo<br />
yoLimi kaZwelonke futhi zithintana neminyango ngokuphathelene nezilimi.<br />
ukubhala<br />
Umsebenzi noma ubungcweti bokwakha izichazamagama.<br />
izichazamagama<br />
izinhlelo zokuhumusha<br />
ngemishini<br />
Izinhlelo zekhompyutha ezihumusha imiqulu kagesi ukusuka olimini uya<br />
kolunye.<br />
ulimi olunganakwa Noma yiluphi ulimi olungasetshenziswa ngokusemthethweni noma<br />
olucekelwa phansi ekusetshenzisweni ezindaweni eziphezulu<br />
(isib.kwezemfundo ,kwezokwelashwa ).Kuthathelwa phansi esikhathini<br />
esiningi kusho ukuba phansi kolimi futhi kungenzeka nabantu bakhona.<br />
Isibonelo, isiTsonga ,isiVenda ,isiNdebele neSiswati zithathwa njengezilimi<br />
eziphansi eNingizimu Afrika.<br />
ulimi lokufunda<br />
nokufundisa<br />
Ulimi lokufundisa ekilasini njengoba luboniswe kuhlelo lwezifundo<br />
nakunqubomgomo yolimi. Ulimi lokufunda lufaka kancane umqondo<br />
wokuthi kungasetshenziswa izilimi eziningi futhi nabafundi bangafunda<br />
olunye ulimi ngaphandle kolimi olusemthethweni.<br />
ubuliminingi<br />
Ukusetshenziswa kwezilimi ezintathu noma eziningi ngumuntu oyedwa<br />
noma iqembu lezikhulumi njengabantu besigodi esithize noma izizwe.<br />
ulimi olusemthethweni Ulimi olusetshenziswa kuhulumeni ,enkantolo yamacala<br />
,kwezamabhizinisi, kwezemfundo kanye nasezindaweni zokuxhumana.<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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Ukuhumusha<br />
Isenzo sokuguqulela ulimi imibhalo ukusuka kolunye ulimi ukuya kolunye<br />
ngendlela ebhaliwe.<br />
Itheminoloji Ukwamukelwa kwamagama anobuchwepheshe amiswe umkhakha<br />
wesifundo esithile.<br />
(22337 – A-MB - 2002-11-13)<br />
Uhlaka lomThethomgomo woLimi kaZwelonke we - 2002
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