American Football Guide

Timeouts
A time-out is a stoppage of the game clock. Each team gets 3 timeouts per half. A timeout will
usually be called when a team needs to strategize, but it can be called for a variety of reasons,
such​ ​as​ ​stopping​ ​the​ ​clock​ ​so​ ​field​ ​goal​ ​can​ ​be​ ​kicked​ ​in​ ​the​ ​last​ ​seconds​ ​of​ ​the​ ​game.
Half-Time
Halftime​ ​is​ ​the​ ​middle​ ​point​ ​of​ ​a​ ​game​ ​where​ ​players​ ​leave​ ​the​ ​field​ ​and​ ​go​ ​to​ ​their​ ​respective
locker-rooms​ ​to​ ​regroup,​ ​rest,​ ​and​ ​refine​ ​their​ ​plans​ ​for​ ​the​ ​second-half​ ​of​ ​the​ ​game.
Over-time
Overtime​ ​is​ ​triggered​ ​if​ ​the​ ​score​ ​is​ ​tied​ ​at​ ​the​ ​end​ ​of​ ​regulation​ ​(after​ ​all​ ​4​ ​quarters​ ​have
expired).​ ​Overtime​ ​is​ ​15​ ​minutes​ ​in​ ​duration,​ ​but​ ​will​ ​end​ ​when​ ​a​ ​team​ ​scores.​ ​The​ ​first​ ​team
who​ ​scores​ ​wins​ ​and​ ​the​ ​game​ ​is​ ​over.​ ​This​ ​is​ ​called​ ​―sudden​ ​death.
**In college, the overtime period works differently. Each team will have a chance to respond to
an​ ​opponent’s​ ​score,​ ​and​ ​there​ ​is​ ​no​ ​kickoff-​ ​the​ ​ball​ ​is​ ​automatically​ ​placed​ ​on​ ​the
35​ ​yard​ ​line​ ​of​ ​the​ ​defender’s​ ​territory.
Refs​ ​&​ ​Penalties
Referees (or refs) are the people on the field who wear the striped black and white uniforms.
They​ ​serve​ ​the​ ​very​ ​important​ ​role​ ​of​ ​enforcing​ ​the​ ​rules​ ​of​ ​the​ ​game​ ​by​ ​calling​ ​penalties​ ​against
a player when the rules of the game are violated. When an infraction (violation) of the rules
occurs,​ ​a​ ​yellow​ ​flag​ ​is​ ​thrown​ ​and​ ​a​ ​penalty​ ​is​ ​called.
Penalties
If a penalty occurs during a play, an official throws a yellow flag near to where the foul was
committed. When the play ends, the team that did not commit the penalty has the option of either
accepting​ ​the​ ​penalty​ ​or​ ​accepting​ ​the​ ​result​ ​of​ ​the​ ​play​ ​without​ ​the​ ​penalty.
Yanks​ ​Guide​ ​-​ ​The​ ​#1​ ​Guide​ ​to​ ​American​ ​Football
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