American Football Guide

C
Cadence- before the snap occurs a cadence is called out by the quarterback. He yells out loud so
everyone can hear the play he is calling. The cadence yelled out in code words that only the
offensive players can understand. Often the quarterback will try to make defense commit an
off-side penalty before the snap by fooling them with his cadence- in essence, mixing up when
he​ ​calls​ ​for​ ​the​ ​snap.
Call- a determination made by an official on the field; a play choice made by a coach on a series
of​ ​downs.
Call on the field stands- A statement made by a referee in regards to a challenged call. Means the
original call made was correct, and it also means the coach who challenged the call will lose a
time-out.
Call on the field is overturned- When an official says this, it is because the instant replay video
clearly shows that the call made on the field was incorrect. For a call to be overturned however,
there must be irrefutable evidence that the official made a mistake. In other words it has to be
visually obvious, without a doubt. If, when viewing the instant replay the camera angle is such
that the official has some doubt, it is said to be inconclusive evidence and therefore insufficient
to overturn (reverse) the call. Calls do get overturned on a fairly regular basis because it is not
always possible for the ref to be in the ideal position to view each and every play. Many times
the​ ​camera​ ​will​ ​catch​ ​things​ ​the​ ​official​ ​simply​ ​cannot​ ​see.
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