Dames & Moore, 1999 - USDA Forest Service

I
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES & MOORE GROUP COMPANY
USDA-Forest Service
Wenatchee National Forest
2 15 Melody Lane
Wenatchee, Washington 98801 JUL 3 0 1999
Attention: Mr. Norm Day IEIOU)EW 'MYi

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES &MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Letter of Transxittal to Norm Day-USFS
July 28, 1999
Page 2
Enclosures:
Draft RI Report, Volumes 1,2 and 4 (4 copies each)
cc: Ms. Eileen Bums Lerum
Alumet, Inc.
(1 copy each)
Mr. Clay Patmont
Anchor Environmen'tal L.L.C.
(1 copy each)
Mr. Theodore L. Garrett
Covington & Burling
(2 copies each)
Mr. David Jackson
David E. Jackson & Assoc., Inc.
( 1 copy each)
Mr. Michael Johns
EVS Environment
(1 copy each)
Mr. Michael Bailey
Ha~t Crowser
(2 copies each)
Mr. Martin Wells
Holden Village, Inc.
(1 copy each)
Mr. Jim Kilburn
Kilburn Associates
(1 copy each)
Mr. Jim Alexander
USDA-office of General Council
(I copy each)
.

DAMES & MOORE
.. A DAMES 8 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Letter of Transmittal to Norm Day-USFS
July 28, 1999
Page 3
Mr. Robert Fujirnoto
USDA-Forest Service
Recreation Lands and Minerals Resources
(lcopyeach) .
Ms. Rachel Jacobson
U.S. Department of Justice
(1 copy each)
Mr. Nicholas Ceto
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(2 copies each)
Mr. Dan Audet
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(1 copy each)
Mr. Rick Roeder
Washington State Department of Ecology
Central Regional Off~ce
(3 copies each)

DRAFT FINAL
Remedial Investigation Report
Holden Mine Site
Volume 1 A - Report
prepared for
Alumet, Inc.
prepared by
Dames & Moore
Seattle, Washington
1 July 28, 1999
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES (L MOORE GROUP COMPANY

INTRODUCTION
The olden Mine was operated between 1938 and 1957 by Howe Sound Company at a site located
approximately 12 miles west of the boat landing at Lucerne on Lake Chelan, situated in Chelan County,
Washington. The mine and mill facility processed ore removed from an underground mine on the site for
offsite smelting. Since closure of the mine, potential environmental concerns were identified by the
USDA-Forest Service (USFS).
The USFS attempted to address the concerns during site construction activities between 1989 and 1991.
However,, the agencies identified several potential concerns for further evaluation in a Remedial
Investigation (RI), the most significant being: (1) the presence of compounds of potential concern in surface
water, groundwater, and stream sediments in an adjacent stream (Railroad Creek); (2) the potential release
of tailings pile materials into Railroad Creek resulting hom erosion and p~ssible earthquake events; (3)
affects of the Site on aquatic biota and fisheries populations in Railroad Creek; and (4) wind-blown
.transport of, or direct exposure to compounds of potential concern in the tailings or other Site materials.
Alumet,.a successor to the Howe Sound Company, has since entered into an agreement with the USFS, US
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) to.
evaluate the potential environmental concerns.
The purpose of the RI is to:
Further characterize the environmental setting of the Site
Define the presence, magnitude, nature and extent of potential environmental concenls
determined to be associated with historic mining activities
Characterize potential pathways and rates of migration of compounds of potential concern
on the Site
Evaluate potential receptors of compounds of potential concern associated with the historic
mining at the Site
Characterize the stream habitat and the presence or absence of natural resource injuries
Evaluate the analytical data generated from the investigation in terms of applicable,
relevat, and appropriate regulations, including both state and federal requirements
Provide relevant data of sufficient quality so that the Feasibility Study (FS) can evaluate
cost-effective remedial alternatives to address significant environmental concerns identified
on the Site.
SITE DESCRZPTION AND BACKGROUND
The Holden Mine is situated on the eastern slopes of the Cascade Mountains in the Railroad Creek
watershed. The Site is situated at approximately 3,200 feet above sea level (ASL), with surrounding
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mountain peaks in excess of 9,000 feet ASL. The Site is remote, with access limited to boat or float plane to
a boat landing at Lucerne, and to the Site via an unpaved road generally along Railroad Creek. Vegetation
consists primarily of coniferous with some deciduous forest with under story. The climate in the region is
characterized by warm to hot, dry summers and mild to severe winters. Mean annual precipitation at
Holden is 35 inches. Approximately 77 percent of the precipitation falls in the form of snow between the
months of November and March.
The geology can be summarized as a glacial, u-shaped valley carved into bedrock. The valley bottom and
lower sidewalls have been covered with soil of glacial origin and deposits reworked by Railroad Creek. The
mine tailings and primary waste rock piles were placed directly atop the glacial soil and/or alluvium. The
general area contains a number of zones of economic mineralization, some of which were mined at the turn
of the century.
The Holden Mine ore body was discovered in the late 1800s. The mine property was purchased by Howe
Sound Company in the late 1920s. At the time of purchase, the mine consisted of a series of underground
workings that were accessed by six portals which were developed in the area of the Site known as
Honeymoon Heights. Howe Sound Company constructed two additional tunnels to access the ore body
from lower on the slope. The two tunnels were constructed at the same general mine elevation (1500-level)
and consisted of one used for ore haul-out and a second used for mine ventilation. Waste rock removed
fiom the development of the 1500-level main and ventilator tunnels, which were advanced through
approximately.one mile of non-mineralized bedrock, exists in two piles located near the 1500-level main
portal.
Approximately 60 miles of underground mine workings were developed during the period of operation.
The ore removed from the mine was processed in the onsite mill to produce concentrate of principally
copper and lesser amounts of zinc, gold, and silver which was shipped offsite for smelting. During the
period of operation, nearly 10 million tons of tailings materials were generated. Approximately 8 million ,
tons of tail'ings were placed in three piles (from west to east, tailings piles 1,2,.and 3) which coveran area of
approximately 90 acres. The remainder of the tailings was backfilled into the mine during the period of
mine operation. A majority of the mine openings below the lowermost mine portal near the mill building
(1 500-level) were backfilled.
The mine closed in 1957 and the mill building was partially salvaged. The patented mining claims were
deeded to the Lutheran Bible Institute which became Holden Village, Inc., .in 1961 and started an
interdenominational retreat that operates to this day. The remainder of the Site outside of the patented
mining claims was returned to the Forest Service when the mine closed.
After the mine closed, the lower mine workings eventually filled with groundwater and started flowing out
of the lowest mine opening, the 1500-level main portal. Studies were completed by the Forest Service,
starting as early as 1964, to characterize potential environmental concerns which became apparent after the
mine closed. The studies included the characterization of surface water hydrology and tailings pile
chemistry for revegetation, the sampling and analysis of various media, and the development of plans to
address the concerns identified.
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The Forest Service implemented site reclamation plans between 1989 and 1991 by covering the tailings
piles with gravel to address dust generation, regrading the surfaces of the piles to improve surface water
drainage, placement of streambank protection to reduce the risk of delivery of tailings materials into
Railroad Creek, and the partial removal of cementation in the bottom of the Railroad Creek bed. Water
flowing from the underground mine workings, or'the portal drainage, was directed around the mill area and
into Railroad Creek. A series of 52 groundwater monitoring wells were installed by the Pacific Northwest
~aboratories (PNL) and the US Bureau of Mines (USBM) in 1991 and 1995, respectively, within the
tai~in~s.~iles, as well as upgradient and downgradient of the piles.
An excavation within tailings pile 1 was used as a municipal dump and intermittent sewage disposal area by
both Howe Sound and Holden Village; the area was filled and covered with tailings andlor soil during the
1989 to 1991 site reclamation effort. Efforts to revegetate the surfaces of the tailings piles were initiated
after the reclamation effort was completed. The southern portion of tailings pile 1, which was not disturbed
during the 1989 to 1991 effort, has vegetation which dates back to studies completed in the 1960s.
Approximately 50 to 60 full-time staff currently reside in Holden Village. The village receives as many as
400 visitors daily during the summer months. The village uses the maintenance yard, initially established
by Howe Sound near the mill building, for operation and maintenance of equipment. A hydroelectric plant
is located north of the mill building and utilizes water from a diversion of Copper Creek above the site.
Potable water is also provided by a diversion of Copper Creek above the Site. The Glacier Peak Wilderness
boundary is about one mile west of the village.
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGIES
The scope of work completed during the Phase I through III RI is described in the Draft Work Plan and
Sampling and Analysis Plans, and included:
• Review of historical data, including the results of studies completed from the 1960s through
1996
• Sampling and analysis of surface water, groundwater, seeps, soil, and tailings which were
performed during four sampling events in April, MayIJune, July, and September, 1997
• A geophysical survey, including both seismic refraction and electromagnetic (EM) methods
• An assessment of seismic (liquefaction), mass wasting, and erosion potential in terms of the
tailings piles
• Ecological surveys to assess the presence or absence and types of terrestrial and aquatic
wildlife
• An investigation of the mine-related above-ground and underground features
• An evaiuation to identify possible sources of rip rap and granular soil
• An inventory of underground storage tanks in the Winston Home Sites area and
excavations to assess the presence or absence of petroleum hydrocarbon fuel products in
soil
• Sampling of sediment near the mouth of Railroad Creek in Lake Chelan
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Dye tracer testing in an intermittent surface water drainage near historic mine features to
assess potential surface water and groundwater pathways
A baseline risk assessment to evaluate risk to human and ecological receptors
Data compilation and report preparation
The nomenclature for the surface water sampling locations in Railroad Creek was developed utilizing a
system initially developed by the USFS. The sampling station upstream of the Site was established as RC-I
(Railroad Creek station 1). The sampling station immediately downstream of the Site was designated RC-2,
and the station at the mouth of Railroad Creek was noted as RC-3. However, subsequent stations were
added during the RI as the need arose for additional data, resulting in a total of eleven Railroad Creek
stations (RC-1 through RC-1 1) which are, therefore, not in sequential order fiom upstream to downstream.
KEY FINDINGS
A summary of the key findings include the following:
Host Rock Mineralogy
The Holden Mine ore deposit is hosted by the Buckskin Schist, which is a quartz amphibole
schist sequence with at least two horizons of intermittent marble beds and calcareous
schists. The dominant silicates are plagioclase and biotite (aluminum-based). The primary
sulfide minerals in the Holden Mine ore deposit include pyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite and
chalcopyrite.
Site Surface Water/Groundwater Interaction and Movement
The data collected during the RI bracketed both high and low flow conditions in Railroad Creek and
component inflows:
'
All surface water and groundwater at the Site ultimately discharge to Railroad Creek.
Spring Conditions - The primary component of surface water and groundwater at the Site
and in the vicinity during the spring period (approximately April through July) is snowmelt.
The source areas for surface water and groundwater originate upslope of the Site and in the
upstream portion of Railroad Creek. Water sources flow into Railroad Creek as overland
flow, base groundwater flow through the near-surface glacial sands and gravels, overland
flows that infiltrates to groundwater fiom source areas and as groundwater surface or
subsurface expressions that represent springs, seeps, or subsurface flow into the bottom of
the.streambed. Water enters the mbe through fractures and joints. Water discharging from
the 1500-level main mine portal represents the bedrock groundwater component observed
at the Site. As overland flow discharges from the 1500-level main portal to the confluence
of Railroad Creek, water also infiltrates to groundwater which eventually flows to Railroad
Creek. The tailings pile materials have relatively low peimeability; however, some water
infiltrates through the surface of the:tailings piles during snowmelt, precipitation events,
and ponding on the surface of the piles.
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Remainder of Year - After the spring snowmelt, the amount of water flowing into the
Railroad Creek from the valley sidewalls decreases significantly. The discharge from the
'mine portal also decreases. For the remainder of the year, the majority of water coming
into contact with the base of the tailings piles is groundwater that flows generally parallel to
Railroad Creek within the glacial sands and gravels; however, base groundwater flow
beneath the Site continues to discharge to Railroad Creek.
A Site-specific water balance conducted for the Site accounted for the component inflow
sources to Railroad Creek.
Surface Water Quality in Railroad Creek.
Seasonal fluctuations in the water quality were observed in Railroad Creek and a direct
relationship between streamflow rates and concentrations of dissolved metals in Railroad
Creek was observed, (i.e., concentrations of metals increase and decrease with
increases/decreases in streamflows).
Dissolved metal concentrations of copper, cadmium, and/or zinc were periodically above
State water quality. criteria in Railroad Creek adjacent to the Site 'from RC-4 to RC-5
between April and July- 1997. Dissolved copper and/or zinc concentrations at RC-3 were
above State water quality criteria in April and May 1997. Dissolved metal concentrations
above State water quality criteria in Railroad Creek decline as streamflow rates decline
from spring snow melt to fall. By September, State water quality 'criteria were slightly
exceeded for copper only at RC-4 (south bank) and for zinc only at RC-4 (south bank), RC-
2 and RC-5.
Component Inflow Sources and Transport Mechanisms to Railroad Creek and Geochemistry
Processes
Component inflow sources to Railroad Creek were identified and the Site geochemistry
was characterized.
Consistent geochemical processes are occurring across the Site including iron sulfide
mineral oxidation, oxidation of sphalerite and chalcopyrite, and metal attenuation. Specific
processes include the release of metals (iron, copper, zinc, cadmium), the release of metals
exerting pH control (iron, aluminum), and differing seep chemistry for different portions of
the site reflecting different rock types (mine vs. tailings). This dictates the difference
between water chemistry in the east and west parts of the Site. The underground mine,
waste rock piles and mill'building area are dominated by the effect of residual ,zinc and
copper mineralization, whereas the tailings piles are dominated by concentrated iron
sulfides and associated iron alumino-silicates.
Host rock mineralogy is the primary factor affecting water chemistry at the Site.
Weathering of these minerals, especially sulfide minerals, dominates Site water chemistry.
Non-sulfide mineralogy of the tailings is expected to be dominated by minerals contained
in the ore and in diabase dikes whereas the mine wall rocks are dominated by biotite schist.
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Secondary mineralization and precipitates produced by weathering processes are visibly
evident at the Site, including orange brown iron stains (iron oxyhydroxides) on waste rock
and tailings, white precipitates (amorphous aluminum hydroxide) in the 1500-level main
portal drainage, green stain (copper carbonate) on marble waste rock in the waste rock
piles, and efflorescent crusts (metal sulfates) in .the mill building and where seepage
emerges along the toes of the tailings piles.
The differences in oxygen availability and water flow in the Site source areas influence the
geochemical characteristics of water quality at the Site. Portions of the underground mine
are well-oxygenated through the winter months' due to airflow induced by temperature
differences between the underground mine and the ambient air. Active oxidation occurs in
open stopes above the 1500-level of the mine. Random water flow occurs in fractures and
dissolves weathering products, some of which are discharged in the 1500-level main portal
drainage, and some of which are stored' as salts formed by evapo-concentration. The
tailings piles are only oxygenated near the surface; therefore, chemical processes leading to
the release of metals occur primarily in this zone and not at depth. .Acid neutralization
occurs at depth in the tailings piles. Groundwater beneath the tailings piles contains
reduced iron which rapidly oxidizes upon emergence in seeps, forming ferricrete and
f
flocculent.
The metal attenuation processes that occur downgradient of source areas prior to entering
Railroad Creek include precipitation due to pH increase and aeration, efflorescence
(causing seasonal formation of salts), co-precipitation of heavy metals (primarily with iron),
and adsorption. Precipitation of iron, aluminum, and copper flocculent probably occurs
when seeps mix with slightly alkaline a ail road Creek water and groundwater adjacent to
Railroad Creek.
Comparison of sulfate and aluminum supports the general conclus'ion of buffering by
alumino-silicates.
The chemical loading analyses completed during the RI accounted for the overland flow
and groundwater loading sources of dissolved metals to Railroad Creek.
Conclusions associated with the water quality and chemical loading of component inflow
sources including the portal drainage, groundwater, the waste rock piles, mill building,
Copper Creek diversion and seeps SP-12 and SP-23 are provided below.
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' Water
Portal Drainage
quality measured at P-l (main portal) and P-5 (confluence with Railroad Creek) as overland flbw
indicates that metals presented in the following table were above regulatory surface and groundwater
quality regulatory levels.
These dissolved metals concentrations are influenced by seasonal changes in groundwater flow
discharging from the main portal. The loading analysis reflects these differences.
. MayIJune - The portal drainage discharge flows were as high ai approximately 3.5 cubic
feet per second (cfs) in May 1997 and approximately 1.8 cfs in May 1998, and accounts for
more than 65 percent of the load of dissolved cadmium, copper, and zinc to the creek
during the spring snowmelt period.
OctoberISeptember - Discharge flow rates were measured as low as approximately 0.10 cfs.
The drainage accounts for less than 1 percent of the copper load, and approximately one-
third of the cadmium and zinc load to Railroad Creek.
The portal drainage overland flow represents the primary source of dissolved copper, cadmium and zinc
to Railroad Creek during spring conditions; however during the fall, the concentrations of these metals is
greatly reduced.
Groundwater
The groundwater geochemistry in the east and west portions of the Site is different due to the different
source rock types (mine ore deposit versus tailings) and differences in oxygen availability and water flow.
Groundwater data from monitoring wells and expressed as seeps and springs were used to evaluate
groundwater quality associated with the Site, particularly for the west side of. the Site. Groundwater
underlying the Site is not currently being used as drinking water.
West Portion of the Site
The west portion of the site includes the following source areas: underground mine and Honeymoon
Heights, portal drainage, west waste rock piles, and the mill building. Groundwater monitoring wells are
not present in these areas; therefore, seep water .quality was used to evaluate groundwater quality
exceedances, source areas and loading to Railroad Creek. Concentrations of cadmium, copper; and zinc
were above the MTCA Method B levels in goundwater in the western portal of the site.
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Portal Drainage
Groundwater infiltrating from the portal drainage overland flow is a component of the unaccounted load
(groundwater) of copper, cadmium and zinc to Railroad Creek.
Waste Rock Piles
Several seeps flow seasonally from near the base of west and east waste rock piles. Two seeps, SP-6 and
SP-I5W contain concentrations of cadmium, copper, zinc, beryllium and manganese above the MTCA
groundwater levels. Seeps SP-6 and SP-15W account from less than 2 percent of the cadmium, copper
and zinc loading to Railroad Creek measured at RC-2. Seep SP-11 contained arsenic and SP-1OE
contained iron above groundwater threshold levels.
Mill Building
One primary seep, SP-7, flows seasonally fiom ,the abandoned mill building 'and contained cadmium,
copper and zinc above MTCA groundwater levels. The seep accounts for less than 2 percent of the
cadmium,:4 percent of the copper, and 2 percent of the zinc loading to Railroad Creek as measured at RC-
2.
Seeps SP- 12 and SP-23
Seeps SP-12 and SP-23 are assumed to represent Honeymoon Heights drainage and flow seasonally from
the south bank of Railroad Creek to the west of the portal drainage. These seeps contain copper,
cadmium, and zinc concentrations above MTCA groundwater levels. The two seeps combined account
for approximately 8 percent of the cadmium, 3 1 percent of the copper, and 7 percent of the zinc loading to
Railroad Creek as measured at RC-2.
The loading analysis further demonstrates that overland flow from the 1500-level main portal is the
primary source area contributing dissolved cadmium, copper, and zinc concentrations to Railroad Creek.
Source areas including the waste rock piles, mill building, Honeymoon Heights drainage, and
groundwater infiltrating fiom the 1500-level main portal overland flow also contribute metals, primarily
copper, cadmium and zinc to Railroad Creek, but represent significantly lower load sources as compared
to the overland from the 1500-level main portal. Based on the physical characteristics of the west portion
of the site, a high likelihood exists that infiltration of overland flow fiom the 1500-level main portal
contributes to dissolved copper, cadmium and zinc to groundwater in the western portion of the site as
well as to groundwater beneath the tailings piles.
East Portion of the Site
The east portion of the Site includes the tailings piles and Copper Creek diversion. The groundwater
underlying the portion of the Site east of the Copper Creek diversion, including tailings piles 1, 2, and 3.
~roundwate; bellow the tailings piles contains concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, beryllium, copper,
lead, manganese, zinc, and iron above MTCA groundwater levels. Cadmium, copper and zinc were not
identified in water within the tailings which indicates that these constituents most likely originate from
the western portion of the site.
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Groundwater discharge from the tailings piles into Railroad Creek occurs in the form of springs or seeps
and diffuse groundwater flow into the creek substrate.
• The tailings piles are the primary source of dissolved and total iron loading to Railroad
Creek throughout the year.
• The precipitation of iron results in the cementing of portions of the Railroad Creek
streambank, principally at three of the more prominent seep discharges near the northeast
corner of tailings pile 1, and the northwest comer of tailings pile 2.
Sediment Quality
Most of the dissolved iron from the tailings piles is converted to a fine precipitate or .
flocculent after it enters the stream.
The sediment in Railroad Creek consists mostly of gravel, cobbles, and boulders. The stream gradient is
relatively moderate near the Site and steeper upstream and downstream of the Site; however, the gradient
appears to be too steep to allow deposition of sediment. The concentrations of metals in Railroad Creek
sediments do not indicated the potential for adverse effects based on Ecology guidance values. Sediment
samples were collected frdm both the Lucerne Bar (near the mouth of Railroad Creek in Lake Chelan)
and a reference site near the mouth of the Stehekin River. The results indicated concentrations of zinc
slightly above FSQVs for only one sample out of 12.collected and analyzed. The remainder of the results
were below the FSQVs. These results suggest a low potential for adverse effects in sediment at Lucerne
Bar.
Ecological Conditions .
The aquatic survey consisted of the sampling of aquatic insects (benthic macroinvertebrates) and fish at
eight locations in Railroad Creek (six station adjacent and downstream of the Site, and two upstream
reference or control stations) and three locations in reference streams in the Stehekin River watershed
which is outside the Railroad Creek watershed. The sampling was completed during the month of
September (safety considerations precluded high flow sampling during the spring melt period). The fish
survey included the use of both snorkeling and electrofishing methods. The results of the sampling
indicated:
The populations of benthic macroinvertebrates and fish found adjacent to the upstream and
westernmost tailings piles, but outside the area of iron-oxide flocculent, were similar to
those found upstream of the Site.. This area is adjacent to the tailings pile but downstream
of the portal drainage and the major sources of dissolved cadmium, copper, and zinc
loading into Railroad Creek.
• The comparability of fish data collected from two of the three control stations for the mid to
lower portions of Railroad Creek is questionable due to stream habitat dissimilarities. The
control site for the mid-Railroad Creek segment (Bridge Creek) included a relatively deep
pool in which most fish were caught. The control site for the mouth of Railroad Creek
(Company Creek) was dissimilar in size and was located immediately adjacent to a salmon
spawning ground.
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I
~
I
Benthic macroinvertebrates and fish populations were reduced in Railroad Creek within the
segment of the stream with iron-oxide staining and flocculent on the substrate. This 0
extended from the northeast comer of tailings pile 1 to station RC-5, located approximately
one-half mile downstream of tailings pile 3.
At approximately 3 miles downstream of the Site (sampling station RC-lo), benthic
macroinvertebrate populations were reduced in comparison to the upstream control stations.
Fish populations at this station were within the range of data collected at both the control
sites outside the watershed and the upstream control sites. Several young fish, which are
generally less resistant to dissolved metals than adult fish, were found at this station.
Fish populations at the mouth of the creek RC-3 were higher than those at the stations
upstream of the Site, but lower than those at the Company Creek control site.
Benthic macroinvertebrate populations near the mouth of Railroad Creek (RC-3) were
reduced in comparison to upstream and control stations but had partially recovered in
comparison to stations closer to the Site.
Of the benthic macroinvertebrate species observed in Railroad Creek, "filter feeders" are
present throughout Railroad Creek. Filter feeder insects are generally considered to be
more sensitive than other macroinvertebrates to dissolved metals in the water column.
Benthic macroinvertebrates that are generally absent downstream of the tailings piles
(excluding RC-3 at the mouth) are organisms that require a clean upper stone surface (ex.
"scrapers") and organisms that require open interstitial spaces for hiding. Bioassays
conducted by Ecology using Cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia), a sensitive filter feeder, and
Railroad Creek water collected from above and below the tailings piles, at RC-10, and at
RC-3 indicated no adverse effects.
.The benthic macroinvertebrate species composition, and the finding that.. fish and
macroinvertebrate populations were not reduced downstream of the major sources of
dissolved cadmium, copper and zinc loading to Railroad Creek, indicate that the reductions
in fish and macroinvertebrate populations adjacent to and downstream of the tailings piles
observed appears to be primarily attributable to the lack of suitable habitat or food sources
due to the presence of iron flocculent.
Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment
The human health and ecological risk assessments analyzed, potential risks to human and ecological
receptors exposed to the compounds of potential concern within soil, surface water, groundwater,
sediments, and air at the Site.
The human health risk assessment found that the risks were acceptable for both residents
and visitors to the Site based on reasonable maximum exposure scenarios.
The ecological risk assessment found that:
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Trout
An intermediate potential risk for adverse effects (HQ>l but 400) to trout may be present
due to copper concentrations in surface water in Railroad Creek adjacent to the site under
both the worst-case and reasonable exposure scenarios. A small potential risk for adverse
effects, downstream of the Site, due to copper was identified using the mainstream Railroad
Creek water quality data under both the worst-case and reasonable exposure scenarios.
• Trout may possibly be at risk due to iron concentrations in surface water adjacent. to the site
under a worst-case scenario; however, no risk was. identified using the median mainstream
data.
Benthic Invertebrates
The combined results of the ERA and ecological survey suggest that reduced trout
populations adjacent to the Site near RC-9 to downstream of tailings pile 3 appear to be
primarily attributable to the lack of suitable habitat or food items due to the presence of
flocculent, although some 'potential risk for. adverse effects due, to dissolved metals was
noted.
HQs were less than or equal to 1 for all other metals for trout.
A metals toxicity risk to benthic macroinveitebrates under the worst-case and revonable
exposurescenarios in surface water of Railroad Creek does not exist.
A small potential risk of adverse effects may be present for benthic macroinvertebrates due
to metal concentrations (copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) in sediment fiom Railroad
Creek adjacent to and downstream of the site (HQs ranged fiom 1.0 to 3.0). Exceedances
of sediment quality guidelines have been shown to be unreliable predictors of toxic
conditions. Bioassays conducted by Ecology (1997) did not show toxicity dui to metals
concentrations in Railroad Creek sediment.
An intermediate potential risk of adverse effects to benthic macroinvertebrates may be
present due to metal concentrations (arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, silver, and zinc) in
flocculent adjacent to the site in Railroad Creek. It should be noted that the bioavailability
and toxicity of metals in flocculent is unknown. Data from other mine sites suggest that
flocculent may not be toxic. The benthic macroinvertebrate community assessment
conducted during the RI within ,Railroad Creek, both upstream and downstream of site
influences, exhibited a wide range of conditions. The presence of flocculent on and in the
substrate in Railroad Creek fiom the lower portion of station RC-9 to downstream stations
(except RC-3) has influenced the substrate by infilling the interstitial spaces and coating the
surface of substrate which generally limits the establishment of periphyton. However, three
new genera of pollution sensitive organisms are present at RC-7 and RC-9 and are assumed
to be present due to the alteration in habitat. The benthic community at station RC-3
indicates recovering conditions. The combined results of the ERA and the 'Railroad Creek
benthic community evaluation indicate that the reduced benthic community adjacent to the
Site near RC-9 to downstream of tailings pile 3 (RC-7) is predominately attributable to the
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lack of suitable habitat due to the presence of flocculent, although some potential risk for
adverse effects from metal flocculent concentrations was noted.
Under a reasonable scenario conditions, there is no risk due to metal toxicity to the birds or
&nmals associated with aquatic habitat near the site.
Terrestrial Exposure Pathway and Receptors of Concern
Tailings Pile Slope Stability
Plants may experience toxicity from cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in Holden Village
surface soil and in the surface soils and subsurface soils of tailings piles 1, 2 and 3, the
lagoon and the maintenance yard; however, when compared to soil metals concentrations at
other mine sites where plants are successfirlly growing, only copper concentration in
subsurface soils, the lagoon, and maintenance yard may present a risk of phytotoxicity.
Earthworms may be at risk from cadmium, copper, lead andlor zinc in surface and
subsurface soils at Holden Village, 'tailings piles, dust, lagoon and the maintenance yard
under the worst-case scenario; however, suitable earthworm habitat may not exist due to the
physical qualities of the substrate at the sarnple'locations.
Robins could be at risk from cadmium in the subsurface tailings, lagoon and maintenance
and from zinc in the subsurface soils, tailings pile 3, the lagoon and the maintenance
yard, and from lead in the lagoon and maintenance yard based on the worst-case scenario.
However, under the reasonable scenario (median concentration), there was no risk from .
cadmium or zinc. It is highly likely that the input parameters for the'robin overestimate the
actual exposure conditions because a risk was also shown for robins feeding on earthworms
exposed to background concentrations of cadmium and the exposure assessment does not
account for the robins relatively large forage range.
Under normally expected conditions, there is no risk due to metals toxicity to mammals
associated with terrestrial habitat near Holden Mine.
The slopes adjacent to Railroad Creek vary in height between 50 and 120 feet, and are relatively steep.
The tailings pile slopes have the potential to release tailings to the creek during an
earthquake event with a recurrence interval of approximately 40 years. The event would
likely be limited to a maximum depth of approximately 15 feet and include only those
slopes of the tailings piles facing Railroad Creek that are steeper than 34 degrees.
The rock placed as Railroad Creek streambank protection (riprap) during the Site
rehabilitation,efforts performed by the USFS is weathering relatively rapidly. The height of
the rock placement, as well as the size of the rock, appears marginal to protect the base of
the tailings piles during a hypothetical 100-year storm event, and is likely not adequate to
protect the base of the tailings piles during a hypothetical 500-year storm event.
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Windblown Tailings Material
The erosion of the tailings from the piles has resulted in the deposition of the materials on the ground
surface adjacent to and downwind of the Site. The majority of the windblown tailings deposits'were
found to be less than several millimeters in thickness. Concentrations of all metals analyzed, other than
iron, were below the regulatory standard for soil. Based on the results of human health and ecological
risk assessment, the potential for adverse effects from the iron concentrations was low.
Riprap and Soil Source Evaluation
An evaluation was completed to identify a source of riprap within the Railroad Creek drainage and
sources of granular soil that may be needed for remedial actions. The results of the evaluation confirmed
that the rock quality within the existing quany is relatively poor. However, a potential source of higher
quality rock exists nearer the Site as a talus deposit (cobble- to boulder-sized rock at the base of a bedrock
outcrop). The riprap source had been iliminated by the USFS during the Site work between 1989 and
1991' due to safety considerations; however, it appears feasible to design measures to mitigate the
concerns. A potential source of granular soil was identified near tailings pile 3.
Winston Home Sites Fuel Storage Tanks
The results of the evaluation of the Winston Home Sites identified up to 38 underground storage tanks
(USTs) remaining in the area. No indications of petroleum hydrocarbons were noted in soils exposed in
backhoe test pits excavations completed adjacent to seven of the tank locations. It was reported that
some, if not all, of the tanks were pumped during the 1960s in order to supply fuel for Holden Village.
All of the tanks appeared to be less than 1000 gallons in size and, therefore, not regulated as USTs. These
tanks have been sufficiently evaluated.
POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
The following potential environmental concerns were identified at the Site:
Seasonal Exceedances of Water Quality Criteria
The discharge of portal drainage water and Site groundwater in the western portion of the
site (represented as seeps) into Railroad Creek results in exceedances of water quality
criteria for cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc during the spring snowmelt period at the Site in
Railroad Creek. Dissolved metal concentrations decreased as streamflow declined. By
September, State water quality criteria were exceeded for copper only in a south bank
sample and for zinc only at stations adjacent to and immediately downstream of the site.
Groundwater concentrations of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, copper, iron and manganese
beneath the tailings piles are above the MTCA groundwater levels in the spring. By fall
only iron and manganese are above MTCA levels.
Reduction in Benthic Macroinvertebrate and Fish Populations
Both benthic macroinvertebrate and fish populations are reduced downstream of tailings
pile 1 when compared to the control or reference sites. Fish populations remained low in
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Tailings Pile Slope Stability
Maintenance Yard
comparison to reference reaches of RC-7, located adjacent to tailings pile 2, and at RC-5,
located approximately one-half mile downstream of the Site. Macroinvertebrate counts
were lower than reference reach counts from the Site to the mouth of Railroad Creek, but
increased with distance from the Site. However, the presence of unique species of filter
feeder aquatic insects in the affected reaches of Railroad Creek suggests that the dissolved
metals are not the cause of the reduced macroinvertebrate populations. The reduction in
benthic macroinvertebrates and fish populations ,adjacent to the site appears to be
principally from physical effects of iron flocculent in the stream. In addition, bioassays
completed by Ecology using Cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia), a sensitive filter feeder, and
water from Railroad Creek above and below the tailings piles, RC-10 and RC-3 indicated
no adverse effects.
The fish populations at the RC-10 sampling station approximately three miles downstream
of the Site are within the range of values collected at the control or reference sites. Young
fish were observed at this station.
Based on the results of slope stability analyses, the tailings' pile slopes facing Railroad
Creek are relatively stable under static conditions. However, the tailings could .be released
to Railroad Creek in the event of a moderate earthquake. Only the slopes steeper than
approximately 34 degrees appear to be at risk. The maximum depth of a failure has been
estimated to be 15 feet. The failure of a slope would likely result in the delivery of tailings
material to Railroad Creek.
The base of the tailings piles is at increased risk over time of erosion during storm events
due to the continued breakdown and insufficient size of some of the riprap streambank
protection. The erosion of the toes of the piles during a major storm event may result in the
delivery of tailings materials to the creek.
The surface soil within the maintenance yard area exceeds MTCA levels for arsenic,
cadmium, copper, iron, lead, and total petroleum hydrocarbons.
, . .The subsurface soil within the maintenance yard area exceeds current MTCA levels for
total petroleum hydrocarbons only.
Lagoon Soils
The surface soil within the lagoon exceeds levels for total petroleum hydrocarbons; the
subsurface soil exceed MTCA levels for cadmium, copper, lead, and total petroleum
hydrocarbons.
The following scope.of work has been identified by the Agencies as a data need which will require
additional sampling and analysis:
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.

Lucerne Bar Sampling
Additional sediment sampling will be conducted in Lake Chelan near the mouth of Railroad
Creek and to the east of the area sampled during the Phase I11 RI. The objective of the
sampling and analysis will be to further characterize the nature and extent .of metals
concentrations in near-shore sediment. The sampling is scheduled to be completed between
August and October 1999.
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....
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. E - 1
Page
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... E - 1
SITE DESCRIPTION AND BACKGROUND .......................................... .............................. ES 1
KEY FINDINGS ....................................................................................................................... ES-4
Host Rock Mineralogy ................................................................................................. ES-4
Site Surface Water/Groundwater Interaction and Movement ...................................... ES-4
Surface Water Quality in Railroad Creek ..................................................................... ES-5
Component Inflow Sources and Transport Mechanisms to Railroad Creek and
Geochemistry Processes .................................................................................. ES-5
Sediment Quality .......................................................................................................... ES-9
Ecological Conditions .................................................................................................. ES-9
Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment ....................................................... .E S- 10
Tailings Pile Slope Stability' ........................................................... .......................... ES 12
Windblown Tailings Material .................................................................................... ES 13
Riprap and Soil Source Evaluation ........ ; ................................................................... ES 13
Winston Home Sites Fuel Storage Tanks ........................................ ..................... ES 13
POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS ................................................................ E - 13
Seasonal Exceedances of Water Quality Criteria ....................................................... ES- 13
Reduction in Benthic Macroinvertebrate and Fish Populations ................................. ES-13
Tailings Pile Slope Stability ....................................................................................... ES 14
Maintenance Yard .................................................................................................... E - 14
Lagoon Soils .................................... : .......................................................................... ES- 14
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PHASE I11 DATA COLLECTION ......... ; ............................. ES- 14
Lucerne Bar Sampling ................................................................................................ ES-15
1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1-1
1 . 1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................ 1-2
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE RI INVESTIGATION ................................................................... 1-3
I . 3 REPORT'ORGANIZATION .......................................................................................... 1-4
2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION AND BACKGROUND ........................................................................... 2-1
2.1 ' SITE DESCRIPTION ...................................................... ......................... ................... 2-1
2.2 HISTORY OF SITE AND SURROUNDING AREA .................................................... 2-1
2.2.1 Lake Chelan Basin ................................................................................................ 2-1
2.2.2 Railroad Creek Watershed .................................................................................... 2-2
2.3 . SITE DEVELOPMENT CHRONOLOGY ..................................................................... 2-2
2.4 PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES ....................................................... 2-4
2.5 SUMMARY OF ISSUES OF POTENTIAL CONCERN .............................................. 2-5
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3.0 REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGIES ... ; ......................................................... a
3-1
.
3; 1 TASK 1 . GEOLOGY AND SOILS INVESTIGATION .............................................. 3-2
3.1.1 Surface and Subsurface Soil Sampling ................................................................. 3-2
3.1.2 Seismic Refraction Survey ................................................................................... 3-4
3.1.3 Exploratory Test Pits and Sampling ..................................................................... 3-4
3.1.4 Borrow Source Evaluation .................................................................................... 3-5
3.1.5 Geologic Hazards Assessment ............................................................................... 3-6
3.2 TASK 2 . HYDROLOGIC INVESTIGATION ............................................................. 3-7
3.2.1 Streamflow Surveys ................................... ; .......................................................... 3-9
3.2.2 Water Quality Sampling .................................................................................... 3-10
3.2.3 -Storm Event Sampling ........................................................................................ 3-11
3.2.4 Geomorphologic Survey ..................................................................................... 3-11
3.3 TASK 3 . HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION ................................................... 3-12
3.3.1 Groundwater Quality and Water Level Data Collection and Analytical ............. 3-12
3.4 TASK 4 . FLOCCULENT AND SEDIMENT ........... i ............................................... 3-15
3.4.1 Railroad Creek and Lake Chelan Sediment ........................................................ 3-15
3.4.2 Portal Drainage and Railroad Creek Flocculent ................................................. 3-16
3.4.3 Railroad Creek Streambed .................................................................................. 3-16
3.5 TASK 5 . MILL BUILDING ASSESSMENT ............................................................. 3-17
3.5.1 USGS Assessment of Mill Building-Related Salts and Unprocessed Ore ......... 3-17
. 3.5.2 Asbestos Assessment .......................................................................................... 3-18
3.6 TASK 6 . MINE ASSESSMENT ................................................................................ 3-18
3.6.1 Review of Aboveground and Underground Mine Maps ..................................... 3-18
3.6.2 Field Assessment of Aboveground Features .................................... ................ 3-18
3.7 TASK 7 . WINSTON HOME SITES ASSESSMENT ................................................ 3-19
3.8 TASK 8 . FIELD SCREENING .................................................................................. 3-19
3.9 TASK 9 . ECOLOGICAL SURVEYS ........................... ; ............................................. 3-20
3.9.1 Aquatic Biota ..................................................................................................... 3-20
3.9.2 Terrestrial Biota .................................................................................................. 3-27
3.10 TASK 10 . LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND QUALITY
ASSURANCEIQUALITY CONTROL ........................................................................ 3-28
3.10.1 Laboratory Analysis Procedures and Quality Assurance/Quality Control ...... 3-28
3.1 1 TASK 1 1 . DATA EVALUATION ............................................................................. 3-31
3.1 1.1 GeologicaVGeotechnical Data ............................ ; ............................................ 3-31
3.1 1.2 Mine Subsidence Potential Analysis ................................................................ 3-31
3.1 1.3 Surface Water Data ........................................................................................ 3-32
3.1 1.4 Groundwater Data ........................................................................................... 3-32
...........................................................
3.12 TASK 12 . BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT 3-33
4.0 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SITE ................................................ ................... 4-1
....................................................................................................
....................................................................
4.1 PHYSICAL SETTING 4-1
4.1.1 Geographic Setting and Topography 4-1
4.1.2 Site Surface Features ............................................................................................ 4-2
4.1.3 Site Subsurface Features ..................................................................................... 4-11
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4.2 GEOLOGY AND SOILS .............................................................................................. 4- 15
4.2.1 Regional Geology ............................................................................................... 4-15
4.2.2 Railroad Creek Geology and Mineral Resources ............................................... 4-17
4.2.3 Site Geology ....................................................................................... .............. 4-18
4.2.4 Geologic Hazards ................................................................................... ........... 4-26
4.2.5 Mine Subsidence Potential ......... ; ........................................................................ 4-33
4.2.6 Windblown Tailings ........................... : ............................................................... 4-36
4.2.7 Existing Railroad Creek Riprap .......................................................................... 4-36
4.2.8 Potential Borrow Source Areas 4-38
..........................................................................
4i3 SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY ......................................................................... 4-40
4.3.1 Regional Climate and Hydrology ................................ : ....................................... 4-40
4.3.2 Overview of Railroad Creek Watershed Hydrology .......................................... 4-41
4.3.3 Site Climate and Hydrology ............................................................................... 4-42
4.3.4 Railroad Creek Streambank Erosion ............................................................. . 4-56
4.3.5 Basin Average climatic Water Budgets ...................... ...................................... 4-58
4.3.6 Hydraulic Analysis and Synthesis ...................................................................... 4-59
4.3.7 Baseflow and Surface WaterIGroundwater Interaction ...................................... 4-62
4.3.8 Hydrologic Conditions During the 1998 RI and Comparison With 1997
Rate .................. : .............................................................................................. 4-66
4.3.9 Interstitial Iron-Oxide Precipitate and Ferricrete ................................................. 4-' 66
4.4 HYDROGEOLOGY .................................................................................................. 4-68
4.4.1 Regional Hydrogeology ...................................................................................... 4-68
4.4.2 Overview of Railroad Creek Watershed Hydrogeology ..................................... 4-1 68
4.4.3 Site Hydrogeology . . . ...... ; ............................................................................ .......... 4-1 69
4.4.4 Site Specific Water Balance ............................................................................... 4-'78
4.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES ...................... ................................................................. 4-92
4.6 ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS .................................................................................. 4- 93 \
4.6.1 Aquatic Biota ...................................................................................................... 4-93 ..
4.6.2 Terrestrial Biota ............................................................................................... 4- 104
4.6.3 Threatened or Endangered Species .................................................................... 4- 110
5.1 BACKGROUND AND CHEMlCAL SPECIFIC ARARs AND TBCs ......................... 5-1
5.1.1 Soil ............................................................................................................ ............ 5-2
5.1.2 Surface Water ....................................................................................................... 5-3
5.1.3 Groundwater ......................................................................................................... 5-4
5.1.4 Sediment ............................................................................................................... 5-4
5.2 SOIL ............................................................................................................................... 5-5
5.2.1 Background .......................................................................................................... 5-5
5.2.2 Holden Village ...................................................................................................... 5-7
5.2.3 Baseball Field ............ : .......................................................................................... 5-8
5.2.4 Maintenance Yard ................................................................................................ 5-8
5.2.5 Lagoon Area ......................................................................................................... 5-9
5.2.6 Tailings Piles ....................................................................................................... 5-10
5.2.7 Wind-Blown Tailings ......................................................................................... 5-12
5.2.8 Summary 5-12
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5.3 SURFACE WATER .................... : ................................................................................ 5-13
5.3.1 Background Surface Water Quality in Railroad Creek ...................................... 5-15
5.3.2 Stehekin River Watershed .................................................................................. 5-20
5.3.3 Railroad Creek .................................................................................................... 5-21
5.3.4 Portal Drainage ................................................................................................... 5-31
5.3.5 Copper Creek Diversion ........................ ; ............................................................ 5-34
5.3.6 Copper Creek ...................................................................................................... 5-35
5.3.7 Other Railroad Creek Tributaries ....................................................................... 5-36
5.3.8 Lake Chelan ...................................... i.. .......... !
537
5.3.9 Surface Water Quality Summary 5-37
........................................................................
...............................................................
5.4 GROUNDWATER ........................................ 5-38
5.4.1 Regional Groundwater Quality ........................................................................... '5-40
5.4.2 Site Groundwater Quality ................................................................................... 5-41
5.4.3 Interstitial pore Water Data and Mill Building Drip Water .................. i ............ 5-54
5.4.4 Groundwater Summary . 5-55
..................................................................................................................
........................................ .................
5.5 SEDIMENT 5-55
5.5.1 Railroad Creek ......................................... 5-55
5.5.2 Lake Ctielan-Lucerne Bar and Stehekin ............................................................. 5-56
5.5.3 Summary .......................................................... .................................................. 5-57
5.6 OTHER MEDIA ............................................................. ............................................. 5-57
5.6.1 Ferricrete ....................... ..................................................................................... 5-58
5.6.2 Flocculent ........................................................................................................... 5-58
5.6.3 Portal Film .......................................................................................................... 5-58
5.6.4 Concentrate ........................................................................................... ............. 5-58
5.7 AIR ............................................................................................................................... 5-58
5.8 ASBESTOS .................................................................................................................. 5-59
5.9 WINSTON HOMESITE UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS ............................. 5-59
6.0 TRANSPORT AND FATE OF COMPOUNDS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN ........................ 6-1
6.1 SITE CONDITIONS ........................................................................ .................. ........... 6-2
6.1.1 Bedrock Geology and Mineralogy ....................................................................... 6-2
6.1.2 Mineralogy of Secondary Minerals ...................................................................... 6-4
6.1.3 Hydrology/Hydrogeology ..................................................................................... 6-5
6.2 . GEOCHEMISTRY INTERPRETATION TOOLS : .................... ................................. 6-7
6!2.1 Contribution of Primary Minerals ............... : ......:.......... ........................................ 6-7
6.2.2 Formation of Secondary Minerals ................................ .6-8 1
6.3 .GENERAL CHEMICAL PROCESSES OPERATING AT THE HOLDEN
MIBE SITE .................................................................................................................... 6-9
6.3.1 Chemical Rock Weathering Processes and Leaching of Metals ........................... 6-9
6.3.2 Seasonal Leaching Effects ................................................... : .............................. 6-12
6.3.3 Natural Metal Removal Processes ................... .................................................. 6-13
6.3.4 Conclusions ........................................................................................................ 6-18
6.4 EVIDENCE AND IMPLICATIONS OF GENERAL CHEMICAL PROCESSES
AT THE HOLDEN MINE SITE ..................................................... : ............................. 6-18
6.4.1 Evidence of Iron Sulfide Mineral Oxidation ........................................... .......... 6-19
6.4.2 Evidence of Oxidation of Sphalerit .................................................................... 6-19
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6.4.3 Evidence of Oxidation of Chalcopyrite ............................................................... 6-20
6.4.4 Evidence of Acid-Buffering by Minerals ........................................................... 6-21
6.4.5 Evidence of Metal Attenuation ........................................................................... 6-22
6.4.6 Conclusions .................................................................... ................................... 6-23
6.5 GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES ..... : ................... 6-24
6.5.1 Air and Water Movement Associated with the Honeymoon Heights and
Mine Support Areas ........................................................................................ 6-25
6.5.2 Tailings Piles ...................................................................................................... 6-35
6.6 RAILROAD CREEK ................................................................................................... 6-39
6.6.1 Surface Water Loading Analysis ........................................................................ 6-39
6.7 COMPARISON OF THE HOLDEN MINE WITH OTHER MINE SITES ................ 6-46
6.7.1 Baker Mine ......................................................................................................... 6-46
6.7.2 Sullivan Mine ..................................................................................................... 6-47
6.7.3 Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 6-48
6.8 FLOCCULENT AND FERRICRETE ......................................................................... 6-49
6.8.1 Flocculent ........................................................................................................... 6-49
6.8.2 Ferricrete Formation ........................................................................................... 6-49
6.9 SEDIMENT ..... ................................... ..................................................................... 6-50
6.10 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................... 6-51
7.0 BASELlNE RISK ASSESSMENT ....................................... ...................................................... 7-1
7.1 HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT ................................................................... 7-1
7.1.1 Methodology ......................................................................................................... 7-1
7.1.2 Data Evaluation ..................................................................................................... 7-3
7.1.3 Screening Level Human Health Assessment ........................................................ 7-7
7.1.4 Site-specific Human Health Risk Assessment .................................................... 7-24
7.1.5 Conclusions of Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment .............................. 7-35
7.2 ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT ..................... { ................................................. 7-38 '3
...................................................
7.2.1 Methodology .............................. ................... 7-38
I
7.2.2 Baseline Problem Formulation ........................................................................... 7-40
7.2.3 Analysis .............................................................................................................. 7-46
7.2.4 Risk Characterization ............................................. ............................................. 7-61
7.2.5 SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY ....................................................................... 7-7 1
7.2.6 Conclusion 7-76 1
..........................................................................................................
8.0 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGS ....................................................... 8-1
8.1 ' INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 8-1
.......................
8.2 INTERPRETATION OF THE SITE SETTING .................................... 8-1
8.2.1 Physiography ......................................................................................................... 8-1
8.2.2 Geology ............................................................. : .................................................. 8-3
8.2.3 Surface Water ......................................... : .............................................................. 8-8
8.2.4 Groundwate ....................................................................................................... 8-14
8.2.5 Other Physical Site Feature ............................................................................. 8-17
8.2.6 Ecological Conditions ......................................................................................... 8-18
8.3 SITE CONTAMINANT CHARACTERIZATION ...................................................... 8-26
8.3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 8-26
8.3.2 Soil ............... : ...................................................................................................... 8-26
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8.3.3 Surface Water ..................................................................................................... 8-27
8.3.4 Groundwater ....................................................................................................... 8-30
8.3.5 Sediment .............................................................................................................. 8-31
8.3.6 Other Media ......................................................................................................... 8-32
8.4 CONTAMINANT PATHWAYS and chemical loading .............................................. 8-32
8.4.1 General .......... .................... 8-32
. .8.4.2 Overview of Site Geochemistry ......................................................... 8-33
8.4.3 Westem Portion of Site ...................................................................................... 8-34
- - ..
b.4.4 Eastern portion of Site ..................................................................................... 8-35
.
8.4.5 Railroad Creek 8-37
..................................................................................................
8.5 RISKCHARACTERIZATION ...................... i ............................................................. 8-38
8.5.1 Human Health ..................................................................................................... 8-38
. 8.5.2 Ecological ........................................................................................................ 8-38
9.0 . CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................... 9-1
9.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE RI ................................................. ..................................... 9-1
9.2 CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 9-1
9.2.1 Host Rock Mineralogy .......................................................................................... 9-1
9.2.2 Site Surface WaterIGroundwater Interaction and Movement ............................... 9-2
9.2.3 Surface Water Quality in Railroad Creek ............................................................. 9-2
9.2.4 Component Inflow Sources and Transport Mechanisms to Railroad Creek
and . L Geochemistry Processes ......... : ................................................................. 9-2
9.2.5 Sediment Quality .................................................................................................. 9-6
9.2.6 Ecological Conditions ........................................................................... ............... 9-6
9.2.7 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment .................................................. 0
9-7
9.2.8 Tailings Pile Slope Stability .......... ; ...................................................................... 9-9
9.2.9 Windblown Tailings Material : 9-9
....................................................................
..........
9.2.10 Riprap and Soil Source Evaluation . i ............................................................... 9-M9
9.2.1 1 Winston Home Sites Fuel Storage Tanks ....... ; ................................................. 9-10
9.3 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS ...................................................... 9-10
9.3.1 Seasonal Exceedances of Water Quality Criteria .................. ; ..................... 9-10
9.3.2 Reduction in Benthic Macroinvertebrate and Fish Populations ......................... 9-10
9.3.3 Tailings Pile Slope Stability ............................................................................... 9-M I o
9.3.4 Maintenance Yard .............................................................................................. 9-11
9.3.5 Lagoon Soils 9-11
....................................................................................................
9.4 . RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PHASE I11 DATA COLLECTION ............................ 9-11
9.4.1 Lucerne Bar Sampling ........................................ .............................................. 9-11
10.0 PROJECT SCHEDULE ............................................................................................................ 10-1
1 1.0 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................................... 11-1
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I
I
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.4-1 - Previous Investigations and Studies
I
Table 3.0-1 - Key of Site Features and Media SamplingData Collection Locations
Table 3.1-1 - Analytical Program for Surface and Subsurface Soil
Table 3.2-1 - Analytical Program for Surface Water - April 1997
Table 3.2-2 - Analytical Program for Groundwater, Seep, and Surface Water - MayIJune 1997
Table 3.2-3 - Analytical Program for Groundwater, Seep, and Surface Water - July 1997
Table 3.2-4 - Analytical Program for Groundwater, Seep, and Surface Water - ~eptember1October 1997
Table 3.2-5 - Analytical Program for Groundwater Seep, Surface Water, and Sediment - May 1998
Table 4.1-1 -
Table 4.2-1 -
Table 4.2- 1 A - -
Table 4.2-2 -.
Table 4.2-2a -
Table 4.2-3 -
Table 4.2-4 -
Table 4.2-5 -
Table 4.2-6 - ,
Table 4.3-1 -
Table 4.3-2 -
Table 4.3-3 -
a'
' Table 4.3-4 -
Table 4.3-4a -
Table 4.3-5
Table 4.3-6 -
Table 4.3-6a -
Table 4.3-6b -
Table 4.3-7 -
Table 4.3-8 -
Table 4.3-9 -
Table 4.4-1 -
Table 4.4-2 -
Table 4.4-3 -
Table 4.4-4 -
Table 4.4-5 -
Table 4.4-6 -
Table 4.4-7 -
Table 4.4-8 -
Table 4.4-8a -
Table 4.4-9 -
Table 4.4- 10 -
Table 4.6-1 -
Table 4.6-2 -
Table 4.6-2A -
Table 4.6-2B -
Table 4.6-2C-
. Table 4.6-2D -
Table 4.6-3 -
Key of Site Features and Media SamplingIData Collection.Locations
Railroad Creek Watershed Mineral Resources
Occurrence of Minerals in Holden Mine Ore Body
Criteria for Grading the Slopes Erosion Potential
Erosion Potential Ranking Criteria for Observed Erosion
Summary of characteristics and Erosion Potential for Tailings Piles and Slopes
Rip-rap Condition Ranking Criteria
Summary of Rip-rap Assessment Results
Borrow Source Evaluation
Average Monthly Flow Per Unit Area of Watershed
Average Monthly Precipitation at Railroad Creek
Average Monthly Potential Evapotranspiration ,(PET) at Holden Mine and Railroad Creek
Basin
Summary of Flow Relationships
Surface Water Field Parameters '
'
Monthly Streamflow Averages for Railroad Creek
Seep Source and Discharge
Average Monthly Water Budget for Railroad Creek Watershed above Lucerne
Average Monthly Water Budget for Holden Mine. Site
April Baseflow Measurements
September Baseflow Measurements
Results of October 1998 Baseflow Survey - RC-6 to RC-4 (Reach 1)
Hydrostatigraphic Units
Groundwater Field Parameters
Hydraulic Conductivity Values
Recharge to Railroad Creek, May 1997
Recharge to Railroad Creek, September 1997
Results of October 1998 Baseflow Survey - RC-6 to RC-4 (Reach 1)
Reach 1 Seep Flow
Reach 2 Seep Flow
Seepage Field Parameters
Reach 1 Site-Specific Water Balance Results
Reach 2 Site-Specific Water Balance Results
Habitat Variables and Map Indices Used During Reference Reach Evaluation
Aquatic Habitat Parameter Ratings
Benthic Macroinvertebrate Evaluation Results
Benthic Macroinvertebrate Evaluation Results, Community Loss Index
Distribution Fit for Metric Data
Summary of Statistical Comparison of Metric Data
Trout Population Estimate Results
G:\wpdata\OOS~epo~VIolden.2Li\Tables Figures. Appendices.doc
17693-005-019Uuly 29. 1999;12:55 PM;DRAm FlNAL RI REPORT
vii

Table 4.6-3A -
Table. 4.6-4 -
Table 4.6-5 -
Table 4.6-6 -
Table 4.6-7 -
Table 4.6-8 -
Table 4.6-9 -
Table 4.6-10 -
Table 4.6-1 1 -
Table 4.6-12 -
Table 4.6-13 -
Table 4.6- 14 -
Table 4.6-1.5 -
Table 5.0-1 -
Table 5.1-1 -
Table 5.2-1 -
Table 5.2-2 -
Table 5.2-3 -
Table 5.2-4 -
Table 5.2-5 -
Table 5.2-6 -
Table 5.3-1 -
Table 5.3-2 -
Table 5.3-3 -
Table 5.3-4 -
Table 5.3-5 -
Table 5.3-6 -
Table 5.3-7 -
Table 5.3-8 -
Table 5.3-9,-
Table 5.3-10 -
Table 5.3-1 1 -
Table 5.3-12 -
Table 5.3-13 -
Table 5.3-14 -
Table 5.3-15 -
Table 5.3-16 -
Table 5.3-17 -
Table 5.3-18 -
Table 5.3-19 -
Table 5.3-20 -
Table 5.3-21 -
Table 5.3-22 -
General Composition and Condition of Fish at Railroad Creek
Summary of Wildlife Surveys Conducted at Holden Mine - September 9-17, 1997
Common Plant Species
Herpetofauna Likely to Occur within the Railroad Creek Drainage
Master List of Avian Species Observed and Potentially Occurring at and in the Vicinity of
Holden Mine
Bird Species Observed by Survey Area
Master List of All Species Observed, Probably Present and Possible Present at Holden Mine
Mammal Species Observed, by Survey Area, at Holden Mine
Species of Federal Concern which may Occur in the Vicinity of Holden Mine
Special Status Species in the Project Area
US Forest Service Survey and Manage Component 2 - Mollusk Species with Potential to
.
Occur in the Project Area
US Forest Service Survey and Manage Component .2 and Protection - Buffer Plants with
Potential to Occur in the Project Area
Survey and Manage Species for which No Survey Protocols are Available Due to .the Unique
or Unknown Life History of These Species
Key of Site Features and Media SamplinglData Collection Locations
Preliminary Chemical Specific ARARs (Applicable and Regulatory)
Summary of RI Soil Analytical Results
Summary of 1998 Background Soil Data and Area Background Statistics
Summary of Historical Soil Analytical Data
Summary of Historical Tailings Analytical Data
Summary of RI Tailings Analytical Results
Potential Compounds of Concern (PCOCs) for Soil and Tailings
Surface Water Area Background Statistical 'Analysis
Aluminum Data Points, Background Assessment
Arsenic Data Points, Background Assessment
Beryllium Data Points, Background Assessment .
Cadmium Data Points, Background Assessment
Chromium Data Points, Background Assessment
Copper Data Points, Background Assessment
Iron Data Points, Background Assessment
Lead Data Points, Background Assessment
Magnesium Data Points, Background Assessment
Manganese Data Points, Background Assessment
Selenium Data Points, Background Assessment
Silver Data Points, Background Assessment
Zinc Data Points, Background Assessment
Statistical Summary - Spring Data Set, Background Assessment
Statistical Summary - Fall Data Set, Background Assessment
.Statistical Summary - Set 1A (Railroad Creek and Set 1B (Other Background), Background
Assessment
Summary of RI Surface Water Analytical Results'- Stehekin Reference Streams
Station RC-1 and Proximity Summary of Historical ail road Creek Analytical Data (1982 -
1996)
Station RC-2 and Proximity Summary of Historical Railroad Creek Analytical Data (1982 -
1996)
Station RC-3 and Proximity Summary of Historical Railroad Creek Analytical Data (1982 -
1996)
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Stations in Railroad Creek Upstream of the Site
G:\wpdata\OOS\rcports\halden-2\ri\T~blcs, Figures. Appcndices.doc
17693-005-019Uuly 29. 1999;12:55 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI MXRT
viii DAMES & MOORE

Table 5.3-23 -
Table 5.3-24 -
ÿ able 5.3-25 -
Table 5.3-26 -
Table 5.3-27 -
Table 5.3-28 -
Table 5.3-29 -
Table 5.3-30 -
Table 5.3-30a -
Table 5.3-3 1 -
Table 5.3-32 -
Table 5.3-33 -
Table 5.3-34 -
Table 5.3-35 -
Table 5.3-36 -
Table 5.3-37 -
Table 5.3-38 -
Table 5.4-1 -
Table 5.4-2 -
Table 5.4-3 -
Table 5.4-4 -
Table 5.4-5 -
Table 5.4-6 -
Table 5.4-7 -
Table 5.5- 1 -
Table 5.5-2 -
Table 5.5-3 -
Table 5.6-1
Table 5.7- 1 -
Summary of Surface Water Monitoring Data and Water Quality Criteria for Railroad Creek
and Tributaries (April 1997)
Summary of Surface Water Monitoring Data and Water Quality Criteria for Railroad Creek
and Tributaries (May/June 1997)
Summary of Surface Water Monitoring Data and Water Quality Criteria for Railroad Creek
and Tributaries (July 1997)
Summary of Surface Water Monitoring Data and Water Quality Criteria for Railroad Creek
and Tributaries and Reference Streams (September/October 1997)
Summary of Surface Water Monitoring Data and Water Quality Criteria for Railroad Creek
and Tributaries (May 1998)
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Stations in Railroad Creek Adjacent to Site
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Stations in Railroad Creek Downstream of Site
Summary of RI Portal Drainage Water Quality Data
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Ventilator Portal
Summary of Historical Water Quality Data for Portal Drainage (1 982 - 1996)
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Copper Creek Diversion
Summary of Historical Copper Creek Diversion Data (1994 - 1996)
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Copper Creek
Summary of Historical Copper Creek Analytical Data (1982 - 1996)
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Holden Creek
Summary of Water Quality Data for Big Creek
Summary of Water Quality Data for Tenmile Creek
Summary of RI Groundwater Quality Data
Summary of Seepage Water Quality Data
Historical Summary of Groundwater Well Results (1 99 1 - 1996)
Historical Summary of Seepage Water Results (1 99 1 - 1996)
Summary of Interstitial Pore Water Data (fiom Railroad Creek Streambed Gravel)
Historical Summary of Mill Building Drip Samples (1995-1996)
Potential Compounds of Concern (PCOC) for Groundwater
Summary of Historical Data for Sediments fiom Holden Creek and Railroad Creek
Summary of Fall 1998 Sediment Data, Stehekin
Summary of Fall 1998 Sediment Data, Lucerne
Summary of 1997 Femcrete, ~locculent, and Portal Film Data
Historical Air Monitoring
Table 6.0-1 - Key of Site Features and Media SarnplingData Collection Locations
Table 6.1 - 1 - . Secondary Sulfate Minerals Identified in the Abandoned Holden Mill and Tailings
Table 6.6- 1 - Loading Calculations - Railroad Creek, May 1997
Table 6.6-2 - Loading Calculations - Railroad Creek, September 1997
Table 6.6-3 - Loading Calculations - May 1998
Table 6.6-4 - Loading Calculations - Additional Source Areas, Spring and Fall 1997
Table 7.0-1 -
Table 7.1-A -
Table 7.1-B -
Table 7.1 -C -
Table 7.1-D -
Table 7.1 -E -
Table 7.1-F -
Table 7.1 -G -
Table 7.1 -H -
Key of Site Features and Media SamplinglData Collection Locations
Off-Site Soil Chemical Data
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Surface Soil Chemical Data at Holden Village
Statistical Evaluation and Comparison of Surface Tailings Metal Concentrations
Comparison of Sedimentary Total Metal Concentrations from Railroad Creek
Surface Water Area Background Statistical Analysis
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Surface Water Data from Railroad Creek - Adjacent
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Surface Water Data from Railroad Creek -
Downstream
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Chemical Data from Groundwater Seepage
O:\wpdaca\OOSLcpor~Uoldcn-2\n1Tables. Figurer. Appendiccs.dhc
17693-005-019Uuly 29. 1999;12:55 PM;DRAW FINAL RI REPORT

Table 7.1-1 -
Table 7.1-5 -
Table 7.1 -K -
Table 7.1 - 1 -
Table 7.1-2 -
Table 7.1-3 -
Table 7.1-4 -
Table 7.1-5 -
Table 7.1-6 -
Table 7.1-7 - .
Table 7.1-8 -
Table 7.1-9 -
Table 7.1-10 -
Table 7.1-1 1 -
Table 7.1-12 -
Table 7.1-13 -
Table 7.1-14 -
Table 7.1-15 -
Table 7.1-16 -
Table 7.1-17 -
Table 7.1r18 -
Table 7.1-19 -
Table 7.1-20 -
Table 7.1-21 -
Table 7.1-22 -
Table 7.1-23 -
Table 7.1-24 -
Table 7.1-25. -
Table 7.1-26 -
Table 7.1-27 -
Table 7.1128 -
Table 7.1-29 -
Table 7.1-30 -
Table 7.1-3 1 -
Table 7.1-32 -
Table 7.1-33 -
Table 7.1-34 -
Table 7.1-35 -
Table 7.1-36 -
Table 7.1-37 -
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Chemical Data for Stations Along Portal Drainage
Historical Air Monitoring Data
Mean Metal Concentrations in Fish Muscle Tissue (mgkg wet weight)
Area and Natural Background Soil and Surface Water Total Metals Concentrations
Method A Levels Used in Screening Level Human Health Assessment
Method B Levels Used in Screening Level Human Health Assessment
Toxicity Criteria and Bioconcentration Factors Used for Calculation of Method B Levels
Carcinogen Classifications and Toxic Effects Endpoints
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results - Holden Village (Ingestion)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results - Vegetable Garden (Ingestion)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results - Baseball Field (Ingestion)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results - Wilderness Boundary (Ingestion)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results - Maintenance Yard (Ingestion)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results - Lagoon Area (Ingestion)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results - Forest Service Guard Station
(Ingestion)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results for Protection -of Air.- Holden
Village (Inhalation)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results for Protection of Air - Vegetable
Garden (Inhalation)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results for Protection of Air - Baseball Field
(Inhalation)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results for Protection of Air - Wilderness
Boundary (Inhalation)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results for Protection of Air - Maintenance
Yard (Inhalation)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results for Protection of Air - Lagoon Area
(Inhalation)
Human Health Screening of Surface Soil Sample Results for Protection of Air - ore st Service
Guard Station (Inhalation)
Human Health Screening of Tailings Sample Results (Ingestion)
Human Health Screening of Tailings Sample Results for Protection of Air (Inhalation)
Human Health screening of Air Sample Results
Human Health Screening of Railroad Creek Sediment/Concentrate/Flocculent Sample Results
- Adjacent to Site
Human Health Screening of Railroad Creek Sediment~Concentrate/Flocculent Sample Results
- Downgradient from Site
Human Health Screening of Copper Creek SedimentlConcentrate Sample Results
Human Health Screening of Copper Creek Diversion Sediment Sample Results
Human Health Screening of Railroad Creek Surface Water Sample Results Adjacent to Site
Human Health Screening of Railroad Creek Surface Water Sample Results Downgradient
from Site . .
Human Health Screening of Copper Creek Surface Water Sample Results
Human Health Screening of Seep Sample Results
Human Health Screening of Mine Portal Drainage Sample Results
Human Health Screening of Ventilator Portal Sample Results
Human Health Screening of Copper Creek Diversion (SaunaIPond) Sample Results
Human Health Screening of Groundwater Sample Results (Lucerne Well Only)
Human Health Screening of Fish Muscle Tissue Sample Results
Exposure Pathways and Indicator Hazardous Substances Addressed in Site-Specific Human
Health Risk Assessment
Exposure Concentrations Used for Site-Specific Human Health Risk Assessment
G:\wpdala\DOSLepor(rMoIdcn-Z\ri\Tablcs, Figures, Appmdiccr.doc
17693-005-01 9WuIy 29. 1999;12:55 PM,DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

I
Table 7.1-38 - Toxicity Criteria and Bioconcentration Factors Used for Site-Specific Human Health Risk
@ Table 7.1-39 -
Table 7.1-40 -
Table 7.1-4 1 -
Table 7.1-42 -
Table 7.1-43 -
Table 7.1-44 -
Table 7.2.2-1A -
Table 7.2.2-1B1 -
Table 7.2-2- 1 B2 -
Table 7.2-2- 1B3 -
Table 7.2.2-1 C -
Table 7.2.2- 1D -
0 Table 7.2.2-1E -
Table 7.2.2-1F -
Table 7.2.2-1G -
Table 7.2.2-1H -
Table 7.2.2-2 -
Table 7.2.2-3 -
Table 7.2.2-4 -
Table 7.2.3-1A -
Table 7.2.3-1B -
Table 7.2.3-2A -
Table 7.2.3-2B -
Table 7.2.3-3A -
-Table 7.2.3-3B -
Table 7.2.3-4A -
Table 7.2.3-4B -
Table 7.2.3-5 -
Table 7.2.3-7 -
Table 7.2.3-8 -
Table 7.2.3-9 -
Table 7.2.3-10 -
Table 7.2.3-1 1 -
Table 7.2.3-12 -
Table 7.2.3-13 -
Table 7.2.3-14 -
Table 7.2.3-15 -
Table 7.2.3-16 -
Table 7.2.3- 17 -
Table 7.2.3- 18 -
Table 7.2.4- 1 a -
Table 7.2.4- 1 b -
Table 7.2.4- 1c -
Table 7.2.4-2a -
Table 7.2.4-2b -
Table 7.2.4-2C -
Assessment
Exposure Factors Used for Site-Specific Human Health Risk Assessment
Site-Specific Method C Cleanup
Comparison of Site-Specific Method C Criteria to Exposure Concentrations
Calculation of Cancer Risks and Hazard Quotients
Evaluation of Cumulative Risk
Toxicity Profiles for Indicator Hazardous Substances
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Surface Water Data from Railroad Creek, South Bank
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Surface Water Data from Railroad Creek, Upstream
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Surface Water Data from Railroad Creek, Adjacent
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Surface Water Data from Railroad Creek, Downstream
Comparison of Total Metal Concentrations in Sediment Collected from Railroad Creek
Summary of Ferricrete, Flocculent and Portal Film Data
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Surface Soil Chemical Data at Holden Village
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Surface and Subsurface Tailings Metals
Concentrations
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Chemical Data for Stations along Portal Drainage
Statistical Analysis and Comparison of Chemical Data from Groundwater Seepage
Species of Federal Concern Which May Occur in the Vicinity of Holden Mine, as Indicated by
the US Forest Service August 13, 1997
Toxicity Benchmarks for Amphibians Exposed to Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Zinc, and Mercury
Summary of Representative ROCs
Screening of COCs for Surface Water
Results of Peer-Reviewed Bioassays with Salmonid Fishes
Screenings of COCs for Sediments and Flocculent
Results of Peer-Reviewed Bioassays with Benthic Macroinvertebrates
Elimination of COCs for Soils, Tailings, and Dust
Soil Concentrations of Metals Which Allow Plant Germination and Growth in the Wild
Toxicity Reference Values (TRVs) and Safe Food and Water Concentrations for
Representative Avian ROCs
Toxicity Reference Values (TRVs) for Mammals
Example Prediction of Body Burdens of Metals in Benthic Invertebrates in Railroad Creek
Doses to American Dipper
Doses to Osprey Consuming Trout
Doses to Mink Consuming Trout
Soil: Biota Uptake Algorithms
Bioavailability of Metals
Doses to Mule Deer
Doses to Deer Mice
Doses to Mink Consuming Small Mammals
Doses to Dusky Shrew
Doses to Red-Tailed Hawk
Doses to American Robin
Doses to Bat
Hazard Quotients for Salmonids in Southbank Railroad Creek
Hazard Quotients for Salmonids in Mainstream Railroad Creek
Hazard Quotients for Salmonids in Median Mainstream Railroad Creek
Hazard Quotients for Insect Nymphs in Southbank Railroad Creek
Hazard Quotients for Insect Nymphs in Mainstream Railroad Creek
Hazard Quotients for Benthic Invertebrates Exposed to the Highest Metals Concentrations in
Sediments of Railroad Creek
G:\wpdrta\OOS\rcponrUloldcn-2\ri\Tabler.
Figure& Appcndices.doc
17693-005-019VuIy 29.1999; 1255 PM,DW FINAL RI REPORT

Table 7.2.4-2D -
Table 7.2.4-3 -
Table 7.2.4-4 -
Table 7.2.4-5 -
Table 7.2.4-6a -
Table 7.2.4-6b -
Table 7.2.4-6c -
Table 7.2.4-6d -
Table 7.2.4-7a -
Table 7.2.4-7b -
Table 7.2.4-8a -'
Table 7.2.4-9 -
Table 7.2.4-1 OA -
Table 7.2.4-10B -
Table 7.2.4-1 la -
Table 7.2.4- 1 1 b -
Table 7.2.4- 12a -
able 7.2.4-12b -
Table 7.2.4-13a -
Table 7.2.4- 13b -
Table 7.2.4- 14 -
Hazard Quotients for Benthic Invertebrates Exposed to Metals in Flocculent in Railroad Creek
Hazard Quotients for American Dipper
Hazard Quotients for Osprey
Hazard Quotients for Mink Consuming Trout
Hazard Quotients for Plants using Screening Values
Hazard Quotients for Plants using Median Concentrations
Hazard ~uotients for Plants using In-Situ Toxicity Values
Hazard Quotients for Plants using Median Concentrations and In-Situ Data
Hazard ~uotients for Earthworms
Hazard Quotients for Median Concentration Earthworm
Hazard Quotients for Mule Deer
Hazard Quotients for Deer Mice
Hazard Quotients for Mink Consuming Small Mammals
Hazard Quotients for Mink Consuming Median.Concentration Small Mammals
Hazard Quotients for Red-Tailed Hawk
Hazard Quotients for Red-Tailed Hawk Consuming Median Concentration Insectivore
Hazard Quotients for Dusky Shrews
Hazard Quotients for Median Dusky Shrews
Hazard Quotients for Robin
Hazard Quotients for Median Robin
Hazaid Quotients for Bats
G:\wpdsta\005\rcpor~cU1oldcn-2\ri\Tablcr, Figures, Appcndifn.doc
17693-005-019Uuly 29. 1999;12:55 PM,DRAm FINAL RI REPORT
xii

LIST OF FIGURES
/ Figure 1.1-1 - Lake Chelan Watershed Map
-
Figure 1.1-2 - Site Vicinity Map
Figure 1 .l-3 - Holden Mine Site Map
Figure 2.1-1 - Lake Chelan Watershed Map
Figure 2.1-2 - Site Vicinity Map
Figure 2.1-3 - Holden Mine Site Map
Figure 3 .O- 1 -
Figure 3.0-2 -
Figure 3.0-3 -
Figure 3.1-1 -
Figure 3.1-2 -
Figure 3.1-3 -
Figure 3.1-4 -
Figure 3.1-5 -
Figure 3.1-6 -
Figure 3.1-7 -
Figure 3.2-1 -
Figure 3.2-2 -
Figure 3.3-1 -
Figure 3.3-2 -
Figure 3.4-1 -
Figure 3.4-2 -
Figure 3.4-3 -
Figure 3.4-4 -
Figure 3.9- 1 -
Figure 3.9-2 -
Figure 4.1-1 -
Figure 4.1-2 -
Figure 4.1-3 -
Figure 4.1-3a -
Figure 4.1-4 -
Figure 4.1 -4a -
Figure 4.1-5 -
Figure 4.1-5a -
Figure 4.1-5b -
Figure 4.1-5c -
Figure 4.1-5d -
Figure 4.1-6 -
Figure 4.1-7 -
Figure 4.1-8 -
Figure 4.1-9 -
Figure 4.1-10 -
Figure 4.1- 1 1 -
Figure 4.1- 12 -
iigure 4.1-13 -
Figure 4.2- 1 a -
Figure 4.2-1 b -
Lake Chelan Watershed Map
Site Vicinity Map
Holden Mine Site Map
Area Background Surface Soil Sample Locations
RI Soil Investigation Locations
Mill Building Area and Lagoon Soil Sample Locations
RI Wind-Blown Tailings - Sample Locations
Winston Home Sites Tank Inventory
Railroad Creek - Potential Borrow Source Study Areas Map
IU Geologic Hazards Assessment Locations
RI Hydrologic Investigation Locations - Railroad Creek Watershed
RI Hydrologic Investigations - Site
RI Hydrogeologic Investigation Locations - Railroad Creek
RI Hydrogeologic Investigation Locations - Site
Flocculent and Sediment Sampling Locations - Railroad Creek
Flocculent and Sediment Sampling Locations - Site
Lucerne Sediment Sampling
Stehekin Sediment Sampling ' --, \\
Ecological Survey Locations - Aquatic, Railroad Creek
Stehekin River Watershed - Aquatic Sampling Locations
Lake Chelan Watershed Map
Railroad Creek Watershed Map
Holden Mine Site Map
Detail of~ine Support Waste Rock Piles Area, Tailings Pile 1 and Holden Village
Diagrammatic Cross Section of Holden Mine and Mill
Holden Mine Site Map, Railroad Creek Channel -1937
Construction of Tailings Piles
Winston Home Sites Tank Inventory
Holden Mine Site Map with Principal Underground Mine Workings
Holden Mine Site - Cross Section H-H'
Holden Mine Site - Geologic Cross Section I-I'
Holden Mine Site Underground Map - 300 Level
Holden Mine Site Underground Map - 550 Level
Holden Mine Site Underground Map - 700 Level
Holden Mine Site Underground Map - 800 Level
Holden Mine Site Underground Map - 1000 Level
Holden Mine Site Underground Map - 1100 Level '
Holden Mine Site Underground Map - 1500 Level
Holden Mine Site Underground Map - 2325 Level
Regional Tectonic Setting
Schematic Tectonic Cross Section and Instrumentally Recorded Seismicity
G:\wpdata\OOS\rcpor(rUolden-2\ri\Tables, Figurer. Appcndiccr.doc
17693-005-OI9Vuly 29. 1999;12:55 PM;DRAm FINAL RI REPORT
...
Xlll

Figure 4.2-2 -
Figure 4.2-3 -
Figure 4.2-4 -
Figure 4.2-5 -
Figure 4.2-6a -
Figure 4.2-6b -
Figure 4.2-6c -
Figure 4.2-7 -
Figure 4.2-8 -
Figure 4.2-9 -
Figure 4.2- 10 -
Figure 4.2-1 1 -
Figure 4.2-12 -
Figure 4.2-13 -
Figure 4.2- 14 -
Figure 4.2- 15'-
Figure 4.2- 16 -
Figure 4;2- 17 -
Figure 4.2- 18 -
Figure 4.2- 19 -
Figure 4.2-20 -
Figure 4.2-2 1 -
Figure 4.2-21a -
Figure 4.2-21 b -
Figure 4.2-21c -
Figure 4.2-21d -
Figure 4.2-2 1 e -
Figure 4.2-2 1 f -
Figure 4.2-21g -
Figure 4.2-2 1h -
Figure 4.2-22 -
Figure 4.2-23 -
Figure 4.2-24 - ,
Figure 4.2-25 -
Figure 4.3-1 - ,
Figure 4.3-2 -
Figure 4.3-3 -
Figure 4.3-3a -
Figure 4.3-3b -
Figure 4.3-3c -
Figure 4.3-3d -
Figure 4.3-4 -
Figure 4.3-4a -
Figure 4.3-5 -
Figure 4.3-6 -
Figure 4.3-7 -
Figure 4.3-7a -
Regional Recorded Seismic Events
North Lake Chelan Basin Geology Map with Historic Mining Activity
Railroad Creek Watershed Geology Map with Surficial Geology and Historic Mining Activity
Railroad Creek Watershed Structural Geology Map
Holden Mine Site Geologic Map
RI Geologic Investigation Locations
Site Geological Data Collected During Hydrogeologic Investigations
Holden Mine Site Geologic Cross Section A-A'
Holden Mine Site Geologic Cross Section B-B
Holden Mine Site Geologic Cross Section C-C'
Holden Mine Site Geologic Cross Section D-D'
Holden Mine Site Geologic Cross Section BE'
Holden Mine Site Geologic Cross Section F-F'
Holden Mine Site Geologic Cross Section G-G'
Holden Mine Site Geologic Cross Section H-H'
Holden Mine Site Geologic Cross Section I-I'
olden Mine Site Equivalent SPT and Liquefaction Potential
Holden Mine Site Slope Stability Cross Section C-C'- Static Conditions
Holden Mine Site Slope Stability Cross Section D-Dl-Static Conditions
Holden Mine Site Slope Stability Cross Section C-C'- Seismic Conditions
Holden Mine Site Slope Stability Cross Section D-D'-Seismic Conditions
Holden Mine Site Erosion Potential Map
Holden Mine Areas of Near-Surface Mine Workings
Holden Mine Subsidence P.otential Assessment - Scanline Locations
Holden Mine Subsidence Potential Assessment - Scanline 1-NE
Wall Stereonet
Holden Mine Subsidence Potential Assessment - Scanline 1-SW .
Wall Stereonet
Holden Mine Subsidence Potential Assessment - Scanline 3-NE
Wall Stereonet
Holden Mine Subsidence Potential Assessment - Scanline 3-SW
Wall Stereonet
Holden Mine Subsidence Potential Assessment - Stereographic Projection Legend
Critical Empirical Span/Thickness for Surface Crown Pillars
Approximate Extent of Wind-Blown Tailings
Railroad Creek - Existing and Potential Borrow Source Areas Map
Holden Mine Site Rip-Rap Condition Map
Holden Mine Site Potential Borrow Source Areas Map
Average Monthly Flow Per Unit Area of Watershed Railroad Creek, Stehekin River and Entiat
River, 1997
Railroad Creek Watershed
Streamflow and Water Quality Monitoring Stations - Railroad Creek
Stream Flow and water Quality Monitoring Stations - Site
Holden Mine Site Map; Railroad Creek Channel - 1937
Approximate Extent of Interstitial Iron Oxide Precipitate in Railroad Creek
Approximate Extent of Exposed Ferricrete in Railroad Creek
RC-4 Daily Average Flow for April through October 1997
RC-4 Daily Average Flow for April through October 1998
Stehekin River Daily Hydrograph for April 1 through November 1, 1997
Copper Creek Hydrograph for May 18 through September 15, 1997
P-1 and P-5 Hydrograph for May 17 through September 20, 1997
Discharge vs. Time, Portal Drainage - October 1997 through October 1998
G:\wpdataVX)S\rcponsUloldcn-2Li\Tablel. Figures. Appcndiccs.doc
17693-005-019Uuly 29,1999;12:55 PM;DRAIT FINAL RI REPORT
.
xiv DAMES & MOORE
.
.
0
,a

Figure 4.3-7b -
Figure 4.3-8 -
Figure 4.3-9a -
Figure 4.3- 10 -
Figure 4.4- 1 -
Figure 4.4.2 -
Figure 4.4.3 -
Figure 4.4.4 -
Figure 4.4.5 -
Figure 4.4-6 -
Figure 4.4-7 -
'Figure 4.4-8 -
Figure 4.4-9 -
Figure 4.4- 10 -
Figure 4.4- 1 1 -
Figure 4.4- 12 -
Figure 4.4- 13 -
Figure 4.4 14 -
Figure 4.4- 15 -
Figure 4.4- 16-
Figure 4.4- 17 -
Figure 4.4- 18 -
Figure 4.4-19 -
Figure 4.4-20 -
Figure 4.4-20a -
Figure 4.4-20b -
Figure 4.4-20c -
Figure 4.4-20d -
Figure 4.4-2 1 -
Figure 4.6-1 -
Figure 4.6-2 -
Figure 4.6-3 -
Figure 4.6-4 -
Figure 4.6-5 -
Figure 5.2-1 -
Figure 5.2-2 -
Figure 5.2-3 -
Figure 5.2-4 -
Figure 5.2-5 -
Figure 5.3-1 -
Figure 5.3-2 -
Figure 5.3-3 -
Figure 5.3-4 -
Figure 5.3-5 -
Figure 5'.3-6 -
Figure 5.3-7 -
Figure 5.3-8 -
Portal Discharge vs. Precipitation - May 1998 through October 1998
Approximate Locations of Surface Water Run-on and Run-off - Site
Holden Village precipitation Record May through October 1997
September 1998 Baseflow Survey - RC-6 to 4
Site Hydrogeologic Investigation Locations
Interpretive ~ ~dro~eolo~ic Cross Section Tailings Pile #2 Along Geophysics Cross Section
C-C' including May 1997 Water Levels
Interpretive Hydrogeologic Cross Section Tailings Pile #3 Along Geophysics Cross Section
D-D' including May 1997 Water Levels
Interpretive Hydrogeologic Cross Section Tailings Pile #2 Along Geophysics Cross Section
C-C' including September 1997 Water Levels
Interpretive Hydrogeologic Cross Section Tailings Pile # Along Geophysics Cross Section
D-D' including September 1997 Water Levels
Water Levels in Site Wells Completed in Native Materials - May 1997
Water Levels in Site Wells Completed in Native Materials - June 1997
Water Levels in Site Wells Completed in Native Materials - July 1997
Water Levels in Site Wells Completed in Native Materials - September 1997
Water Levels in Site Wells Completed in Tailings - May 1997
Water Levels in Site Wells Completed in Tailings - September 1997
Groundwater Elevations PZ-1 Location
Groundwater Elevations PZ-3 Location
Groundwater Elevations PZ-4 Location
Flow Net for Site Wells Completed in Native Materials - May 1997
Flow Net for Site Wells Completed in Tailings - May 1997
Flow Net for Site Wells Completed in Native Materials September 1997
.Flow Net for Site Wells Completed in Tailings - September 1997
September 1998 Baseflow Survey - RC-6 to RC-4
Site-Specific Water Balance Schematic of Flow Path - MayIJune 1997
Honeymoon Heights and Mine Support Areas - Conceptual Transport Pathways
Tailings Pile 1 - Conceptual Transport Pathways
Tailings Pile 2 - Conceptual Transport Pathways
Tailings ,Pile 3 - Conceptual Transport Pathways
Site-Specific Water Balance Schematic of Flow Paths- September 1997
Aquatic Sampling Locations - Railroad Creek
Stehekin River Watershed - Aquatic Sampling Locations
RC-9 Benthic Macroinvertebrate Replicate Results
Holden Mine Cutthroat Length Frequency
Ecological Survey Locations - Terrestrial - Site
RI Soil Investigation Locations
Area Background Surface Soil Sample Locations
Historical Soil Investigation Locations
Lagoon Test Pit Locations
RI Wind-Blown Tailings Sample Locations
Surface Water Sample Locations - Railroad Creek Watershed
RI Water Quality Sampling Locations - Site
Stehekin River Watershed - Water Quality Sampling Locations
Historical Surface Water Sample Locations
1997 RC-4 Flow vs. Aluminum Concentration (p&) at RC-2
1997 RC-4 Flow vs. Copper, Manganese, and Zinc Concentration (pg/L) at RC-2
1997 RC-4 Flow vs. Iron Concentration (pg/L) at RC-2
1997 RC-4 Flow vs. Cadmium Concentration ( pa) at RC-2
G:\wpdara\OOJLcpo~U,oldcn-2~\Tablcl.
Figures. Appendices.doc
17693-005-0 19Vuly 29. 1999;12:55 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Figure 5.3-9 -
Figure 5.3-10 -
Figure 5.3-1 1 -
Figure 5.3-12 -
Figure 5.3- 13 -
Figure 5.4-1 -
Figure 5.4-2 -
Figure 5.4-3 -
Figure 5.4-4 -
Figure 5.4-5 -
Figure 5.4-6 -
Figure 5.4-7 -
Figure 5.4-8 -
Figure 5.4-9 -
Figure 5.4-10 -
Figure 5.4-1 1 -
Figure 5.4-12 -
Figure 5.4-13 -
Figure 5.4- 14 -
Figure 5.4-1 5 -
Figure 5.4-1 6 -
Figure 5.4- 1 7 -
Figure 5.4- 18 -
Figure 5.4-19 -
Figure 5.4-20 -
Figure 5.4-21 -
Figure 5.4-22 -
Figure 5.4-23 -
Figure 5.4-24 -
Figure 5.4-25 -
Figure 5.4-26 -
RC-4 Flow vs. Hardness (m&) at RC-2
May and September 1997, Cadmium and Hardness Concentrations .
May and September 1997, Copper and Hardness Concentrations
May and September 1997, Iron and Hardness Concentrations
May and September 1997, Zinc and Hardness Concentrations
RI Hydrogeologic Investigation Locations - Site
Historical Seep Sample Locations
pH, May 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material, Associated Seeps
pH, September 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material, Associated Seeps
Dissolved Aluminum Concentration, May 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Aluminum Concentration, September 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Cadmium Concentration, May 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material, '
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Cadmium Concentration, September 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Copper Concentration, May 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material, Associated
Seeps
Dissolved Copper Concentration, September 1997, Wells completed in Native Material,
Associated skeps
Dissolved Iron Concentration, May 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material, Associated
Seeps
Dissolved Iron. Concentration, September 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material,
Associated.Seeps
Dissolved Manganese Concentration, May 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material,
Associated Seeps be
Dissolved Manganese Concentration, September 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Zinc Concentration, May 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material, Associated
Seeps
Dissolved Zinc, Concentration, September 1997, Wells Completed in Native Material,
Associated Seeps
pH, May 1997, WelldLysimeters Completed in Tailings, Associated Seeps
pH, September 1997, WellsLysimeters Completed in Tailings, Associated Seeps
Dissolved .Aluminum Concentration, May 1997, Wells/Lysimeters Completed in Tailings,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Aluminum Concentration, September 1997, Wells/Lysimeters Completed in
Tailings, Associated Seeps
Dissolved Cadmium Concentration, May 1997, WellsLysimeters. Completed in Tailings, - -.
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Cadmium Concentration, September 1997, WellsLysimeters Completed in
Tailings, Associated Seeps
Dissolved Copper Concentration, May 1997, Wells/Lysimeters Completed in Tailings,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Copper Concentration, September 1997, WellsLysimeters Completed in.~aiiin~s,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Manganese Concentration, May 1997, Wells/Lysimeters Completed in Tailings,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved. Manganese Concentration, September 1997, Wells/Lysimeters Completed in
Tailings, Associated Seeps
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17693-005-019Uuly 29. 1999;12:55 PM;DRAm FINAL RI REPORT
xvi

Figure 5.4-27 -
Figure 5.4-28 -
Figure 5.4-29 -
Figure 5.4-30 -
~igure 5.5- 1 -
Figure 5.5-la -
Figure 5.5-2 -
Figure 5.5-3 -
Figure 5.6-1 -
Figure 6.1-1 -
Figure 6.1-la -
Figure 6.1-2 -
Figure 6.1-2a -
Figure 6.1-2b -
Figure 6.1-3 -
Figure 6.1-3a -
Figure 6.3-1 -
Figure 6.3-2 -
Figure 6.3-3 -
Figure 6.3-4a -
Figure 6.3-4b -
Figure 6.3-5 -
Figure 6.3-6 -
Figure 6.3-7 -
Figure 6.3-8 -
Figure 6.4-1 -
Figure 6.4-2 -
Figure 6.4-3 -
Figure 6.4-4 -
Figure 6.4-5 -
Figure 6.4-6 -
Figure 6;4-7 -
Figure 6.4-8 -
Figure 6.4-9 -
Figure 6.4-10 -
Figure 6.4- 1 1 -
Figure 6.4- 12 -
Figure 6.4- 13 -
Figure 6.4-14 -
Figure 6.5-1 -
Figure 6.5-2 -
Figure 6.5-3 -
Figure 6.5-4 -
Figure 6.5-5 -
Figure 6.5-6 -
Figure 6.5-7 -
Figure 6.5-8 -
Dissolved Iron Concentration, May 1997, WellsLysimeters Completed in Tailings,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Iron Concentration, September 1997, WellsLysimeters Completed in Tailings,
Associated Seeps
Dissolved Zinc Concentration, May 1997, WellsLysimeters Completed in Tailings,
Associated Seeps .
Dissolved Zinc Concentration, September 1997, Wells/Lysimeters Completed in Tailings,
Associated Seeps
Flocculent and Sediment Sampling Locations, Railroad Creek
Flocculent and Sediment Sampling Locations - Site
Stehekin Sediment Sampling
Lucerne Sediment Sampling
Ferricrete and Flocculent RI Sampling Locations
Railroad Creek Watershed Map
Holden Mine Site Map
Holden Mine Site Conceptual Transport Pathway of Mine, Cross Section H-H'
Holden Mine Site Conceptual Transport Pathway of Mine, Cross Section I-I'
Holden Mine Site Conceptual Transport Pathway of Mine, Plan View Of 1500 Level
Streamflow and Water Quality Monitoring Stations-Railroad Creek
Approximate Locations of Surface Water Run-on and Run-off
Sulfide Oxidation
Oxidative Dissolution
Storage and Transport of Weathering Products
AI(OW3 Stability Diagram
AI(OH)3 Stability Diagram
Fe(OW3 Stability Diagram
pH-Eh Control on Precipitation/Dissolution of Iron Minerals and Ions
Co-Precipitation
Adsorption of Goethite
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Iron vs. Sulfate Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Zinc vs. Sulfate Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Zinc vs. Cadmium Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Manganese vs. Sulfate Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Copper vs. Sulfate Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Calcium vs. Sulfate Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Magnesium vs. Sulfate Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Potassium vs. Magnesium Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Aluminum vs. Sulfate Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Iron vs. pH Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Aluminum vs. pH Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Copper vs. pH Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Zinc vs. pH Scatter Plot
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Cadmium vs. pH Scatter Plot
General Water and Air Flow Features in the Underground Mine-Summer
General Water and Air Flow Features in the Underground Mine-Winter
General Water and Air Flow Features in the Underground Mine-Spring
Honeymoon Heights and Mine Support Areas Conceptual Transport Pathways
1997 Portal Drainage Sulfate and Metals Load
General Water and Air Flow Features in the Side-Hill Waste Rock Piles
Conceptual Groundwater Flowpaths Holden Mine Site - Spring Conditions
Conceptual Groundwater Flowpaths Holden Mine Site - Fall Conditions
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xvii DAMES & MOORE

Figure 6.5-9 -
Figure 6.5-10 -
Figure 6.5-1 1 -
Figure 6.5-12 -
Figure 6.5-13 -
Figure 6.5-14 -
Figure 6.5- 15 -
Figure 6.5-1 6 -
Figure 6.5-17 -
Figure 6.5- 18 -
Figure 6.5-19 -
Figure 6.5-20 -
Figure 6.7-1 -
Figure 6.7-2 -
Figure 6.7-3 -
Figure 6.7-4 -
Figure 7.0-1 -
Figure 7.0-2 -
Figure 7.0-3 -
Figure 7.1-1 -
Figure 7.1-2 -
Figure 7.1-3 -
Figure 7.2-1 -
Figure8.1-1- .
Figure 8.1-2 -
Figure 8.1-3 -
Figure 8.1-4 -' Figure 8.1-5 -
Figure 8.2-1 .-
Figure 8.2-2 -
Figure 8.2-3 -
Honeymoon Heights and Mine Support Areas - Conceptual Transport/Fate Processes and
Railroad Creek Metals Loading
Surface and Seepage Water Samples - Potassium vs. Sodium Scatter Plot
General Water and Air Flow Features in Tailings
Tailings Pile 1 Conceptual Transport Pathways
Tailings Pile 2 Conceptual Transport Pathways
Tailings Pile 3 Conceptual Transport Pathways
Conceptual Hydrogeologic Cross Section - Tailings Piles #1,2 and 3 - May
Conceptual Hydrogeologic Cross Section - Tailings Piles #1,2 ahd 3 - September
Tailings Pile 1 conceptual TransportJFate Processes
Tailings Pile 2 Conceptual Transport/Fate Processes
Tailings Pile 3 Conceptual ~rans~ort/~ate'Processes
Loading of Select Metals in Railroad Creek - Site
Cross Section of Baker Mine
Portal Discharge pH fiom Selected Mines
Copper Discharge Concentrations from Selected Mines
Zinc Discharge Concentrations from Selected Mines
Stehekin River and Railroad Creek Watersheds
Railroad Creek watershed Map
Holden Mine Site Map
Preliminary Human Health Exposure Pathway Model
Refined Human Health Exposure Pathway Model
Flow Chart Illustrating Human Health Risk Assessment Results
Conceptual Site Model
Lake Chelan Watershed Map
Railroad Creek Watershed Map
Holden Mine Site Map
Detail of Mine Support Waste Rock Piles Area, Tailings Pile 1 and.Holden Village
Stehekin River and Railroad Creek Watersheds
Holden Mine Site, Cross Section of Underground Mine
RI Hydrologic Investigation Locations, Railroad Creek Watershed
RI ~~drolo~ic Investigations, Site
Figure 9.2- 1 - Lake Chelan Watershed Map
Figure 9.2-2 - Railroad Creek Watershed Map
Figure 9.2-3 - Holden Mine Site Map
Figure 9.2-4 - Detail of Mine Support Waste Rock Piles ~rea, Tailings Pile 1 and Holden Village :
Figure 9.2-5 - Stehekin River and Railroad Creek Watersheds
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xviii

APPENDICES
@ Appendix A -
Appendix B -
Appendix C -
Appendix D -
Appendix E -
Appendix F -
Appendix G -
Appendix H -
Appendix I -
Appendix J -
Appendix K -
Appendix L -
Appendix M -
Appendix N -
Appendix 0 -
Appendix P -
Report of Geophysical Investigation by NGA
PNL and USBM Boring and Well Logs
RI Test Pit and Trench Logs @
RI Geotechnical Laboratory Test Results
Hart Crowser Geotechnical Engineering Report
RI Schematic Cross Sections of Tailings Pile Slopes
RI Infiltrometer Data
RI Hydrology Data
RT\ Hydrogeology Data
RI Aquatic Snorkeling Survey Data Collection Validation Report by PIE
RI Oversize Copies of Holden Mine Site Maps
RI Data Validation Memoranda and Laboratory Reports
Rock Structural Data Field Sheets
Results of Statistical Analyses for Site-Specific Water Balance
Macroinvertebrate Density Data, 1997
Washington Natural Heritage Program Information
G:\wpdataWS\rcpor(r#oldcn-2\ri\Tabler. Figures. Appendiccs.doc
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xix

ACRONYM AND ABBREVIATION GLOSSARY
@ ugh
AOC
ARAR
AN
AST
AWCQ
bgs
cfs
CLP
coc
COPC
CPOM
CSM
CSZ
CWCQ
DQO
Ecology
EM
EMSL
EPT
ERA
ER-L
ER-M
FSOV
FSQV
GPS
HEC
HHRA
HI
HQ
IHS
LEL
LOEC
MATC
MDL
msl
MTCA
NAWQC
NOEC
NOV
PA
PAET
PCB
PCOC
PEF
PLM
PNL
PQL
QAPP
RAO
micrograms per kilogram (same as ppb)
Administrative Order of Consent ,
Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirement
Analytical Resources, Inc.
aboveground storage tank
Acute Water Quality Criteria
below ground surface
cubic feet per second
Contract Laboratory Program
Contaminants of Concern
Constituents of Potential Concern
Coarse Particular Organic Material
Conceptual Site Model
Cascadia Subduction Zone
Chronic Water Quality Criteria
Data Quality Objectives
Washington State Department of Ecology
electromagnetic
Electron Microscopy Services Laboratory, Inc.
Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Tricoptera
Ecological Risk Assessment
Effects Range-Low
Effects Range-Median
Freshwater Sediment Quality Values
Freshwater Sediment Quality Values
Global, Positioning System
Hydrologic Engineering Center
Human Health Risk Assessment
hazard index
Hazard quotient
Indicator Hazardous Substances
Lowest Effect Level
Lowest Effect Concentration
Maximum Acceptable Toxicant Concentration
Method ~etection Limit
mean sea level
Model Toxics Control Act
National Ambient Water Quality Criteria
No Observed Effect Concentrations
Notice of Violation
Preliminary Assessment
Probable Apparent Effects Threshold
Polychlorinated Biphenyl
Preliminary Contaminants of Concern ,
Particulate Emissin Factor
Polarized Light Microscopy
Pacific Northwest Laboratory
practical Quantitation Limit
Quality Assurance Project Plan
Remedial Action Objectives
O:\wp&taWSLcportrV10Iden-2\n~TabIca, Figury ~p~erdica.doc
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DAMES & MOORE

RBP Rapid Bioassessment Protocols
RVFS Remedial InvestiationlFeasibility
RME Reasonalbe Maximum Exposure
RBP Rapid Bioassessment Protocols
RBSL Risk Based Screening Levels
RME Reasonable Maximum Exposure
ROC Receptors of Concern
ROPC Receptors of Potential Concern
SAP Sampling and Analysis Plan
SCL Screening Level Concentration
SCS Soil Conservation Service
SOW Statement of Work
SU standard units
TBC To Be Considered
TPH total petroleum hydrocarbons
TRV Toxicity Reference Values
UCL Upper Confidence Limit
USBM United States Bureau of Mines
USEPAUnited States Environmental Protection Agency
USFS USDA Forest Service
USFWS United States Fish and Wildlife Service
USGS United States Geological Survey
UST underground storage tank
UW University of Washington
VVP Variable Voltage Pulsator
WAC Washington Administrative Code
WDFWWashington Department of Fish & Wildlife
WDNR Washington Department of Natuxal Resources
WNF Wenatchee National Forest
WNHP Washington Natural Heritage Program
O:\wpda~UK)SLcpo~VIoIdenn2\nITnblcr. Figuru. Appendicu.doc
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xxi

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The .Holden Mine is a former underground copper, zinc, gold and silver mine located approximately I1
miles west of the boat landing at Lucerne on Lake Chelan, situated in Chelan County. Washington
(Figures 1.1-1 through 1.1-3). The Howe Sound Company operated the mine and mill behrveen 1938 and
1957, and shipped the concentrate produced in the mill offsite for smelting. Since closure of the mine,
potential environmental concerns have been identified by relevant agencies. The concerns are primarily
related to the leaching of select metals from mine tailings into a nearby surface water body (Railroad Creek),
the release of mine portal drainage into Railroad Creek, and the potential release of tailings materials into
Railroad Creek due to erosion.
The United States Department of Agriculture-Forest Service (referred to hereafter as USFS) addressed some
of the concerns during site activities between 1989 and 1991. However, the agencies continued to have
concerns. Alumet. a successor to the Howe Sound Company, has entered into an agreement with the
Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology), the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA), and USFS (referred to hereafter as the Agencies) to address the concerns by completing studies to
further characterize the Holden Mine site (referred to hereafter as the Site) and develop remedial
alternatives.
This report presents the results of a Remedial Investigation (RI) conducted on behalf of Alumet Inc. at the
Site. The RI was completed'in accordance with:
1. The current drafts of the Administrative Order on Consent (AOC) and Statement of Work
(SOW) dated April 11, 1998
2. The April 10, 1997 drafts of the April 1997 Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) (Dames &
Moore, 1997a), Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) (Dames & Moore, 1997b), and
' Health and Safety Plan (H&S Plan) (Dames & Moore, 1997c)
\
3. The May 13. 1997 drafts of the Phase I RI SAP (Dames & Moore. 1997d). QAPP (Dames
& Moore, 1997e), and H&S Plan (Dames & Moore, 1997f)
4. The June 16, 1997 Draft. Remedial InvestigationEeasibility Study (RIES) Work Plan
(Dames & Moore, 1997g)
5. The August 25, 1997 drafts of the Phase I1 RI SAP (Dames & Moore, 1997h3, QAPP
(Dames & Moore. 1997i)
6. The April 17, 1998 drafts of the Phase 111 RI SAP (Dames & Moore, 1998a). QAPP
(Dames & Moore, 1998b), and H&S Plan (Dames & Moore, 1998c)
7. The April 27, 1998 draft of the Phase I11 RI SAP Addendum - Benthic Macroinvertebrates
(Dames & Moore, 1998d)
8. The June 5, 1998 draft of the Phase 111 RI SAP Addendum - Dye Tracer Program (Dames
& Moore, 1998e) '
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9. The August 17, 1998 draft'of the Lucerne Bar Sediment Reconnaissance Plan (Dames &:
Moore, 1998f) and supponing figures.@ames & Moore, 1998k)
10. The August 28, 1998 draft of the Phase 111 RI Work Plan Addendum - Downloading
Groundwater Level Data, Lagoon Area Soil Sampling, Background Soil Sampling (Dames
& Moore, 19988)
1 1. The September 10,1998 draft of the Phase 111 RI Addendum - Stream Flow Measurements
and Geologic Mapping (Dames & Moore, 1998h)
12. The October 7, 1998 draft of the Phase 111 RI Selection of Sediment Sampling Reference
Locations (Dames & Moore, 1998j)
The agencies approved the above-mentioned plans in the following documents:
1. The March 26, 1998 Agency Comments on the Draft RIFS Work Plan (USFS, 1998a)
2. The April 24, 1998 Agency Preliminary Comments - Phase 111 RI Draft SAP and QAPP
(USFS, 1998b)
3. The April 30, 1998 Agency Approval of Alumet's April 27, 1998, Letter Response to
Agency's Preliminary Comments - Phase 111 Draft SAP and QAPP (USFS, 1998c)
4. The May 29, 1998 Agency Consultant Initial Comments on Dye Tracer Program SAP
(Patmont, 1998)
5. The September 22, 1998 Agency Comments on Phase 111 Draft SAPS Dated August 17,
1998, August 28, 1998, September 10, 1998 (USFS, 1998d)
Alumet's formal responses to Agency comments were documented in the following:
I. The April 27, 1998 Alumet Response to April 24, 1998 Agency Comments on Draft Phase
111 Draft SAP aid QAPP (Jackson, 1998)
2. The October 5. 1998 Alumet Responses to September 22, 1998 Agency Comments on
Phase 111 SAPS dated August 1 7, 1998, August 28, 1998, September 10, 1998 (Dames &
Moore, 1998i)
1.1 BACKGROUND
For the purposes of the RI, the "Site" includes the general area within the Railroad Creek valley, in which
Holden Mine is situated, between the upstream wilderness boundary to immediately downstream of the
eastern end of the tailings piles; the "Railroad Creek watershed" includes the entire watershed area from
Lyman Glacier to Lake Chelan; the "aquatic reference reaches" include one stream segment each in
Bridge Creek, South Fork of Agnes Creek, and Company Creek which are located to the north of the
Railroad Creek Watershed and were sampled for aquatic biota and water quality for comparison to
appropriate segments 'of Railroad Creek; "Lucerne Bar" includes the portion of Lake Chelan near the
mouth of Railroad Creek that was sampled for the analysis of sediment quality; and the "Lake Chelan

sediment reference location" includes the portion of Lake Chelan near the mouth of the Stehekin River
approximately 10 miles north of Lucerne.
The Holden Mine was initially developed in the late 1800s and early 1900s by Mr. J.H. Holden and
companies which leased the properties from Mr. Holden. Howe Sound Company took over the assets of the
mine in the late 1920s and received approval from state and federal agencies to begin operating the mine in
1938. The mill facility and most of the underground mine workings were developed on patented mining
claims. All other mine-related features, including the 1500-level main portal and drainage, tailinis piles,
and housing, were developed and operated on National Forest System (NFS) land.
Ore materials, consisting primarily of copper, zinc, gold, and silver, were reduced to concentrate in the
onsite mill and transported off site for smelti~. The processing of the ore resulted in the generation of
approximately 10 million tons of tailings material. of which approximately 1.5 million tons were backfilled
in the mine, and the remainder was placed in three piles covering approximately 90 acres. Two waste rock
piles were also generated near the mill building.
The mine operated until 1957 when economic and other factors resulted in the closure of the mine. The
patented mining claims. mill and village structures were deeded by Howe Sound Company to the Lutheran
Bible Institute of Seattle, Washington, in 1960, which then formed Holden Village, incorporated in 1961.
Afier the mine was closed, the USFS became concerned in the mid-1960s regarding potential releases of
tailings materials to the nearby Railroad Creek. Revegetation of the tailings piles was initiated at this time.
The mine started filling with groundwater after mine closure and water started flowing out of the lowest
mine portal sometime in the mid- to late 1960s.
A number of studies were completed in the 1960s and 1970s by the USFS which identified risks associated
with potential mass release of tailings materials as a result of erosion during storm events. and potential
impacts to Railroad Creek resulting from the release of mine water. Between 1989 and 1991, the USFS
conducted Site activities to rehabilitate the mine tailings piles. The project included the partial regrading of
the tailings piles, installation of surface water diversion structures, gravel surfacing, revegetation of the
tailings pile surfaces, and other tasks. ,
The USFS initiated cost recovery efforts by contacting Alumet. lnc.. in 1993. The Site has not been listed
on the National Priority List (NPL) as a Superfund site. A Remedial InvestigatiodFeasibility Study (RIIFS)
was initiated in 1997 by Alumet. This report summarizes the RI. The Feasibility Study (FS) will be
completed subsequent to the RI after an adequate level of Site characterization has been performed to allow
development and evaluation of remedial alternatives.
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE RI INVESTIGATION
The purpose of the RI is to:
Further characterize the environmental setting of the Site
Define the presence, magnitude, nature arid extent of potential environmental concerns
determined to b;associated with historic mining activities
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Characterize potential pathways and rates of migration of compounds of potential concern
, on the Site
Evaluate potential receptors of compounds of potential concern associated with the historic
mining at the Site
Characterize the Site for the presence or absence of natural resource injuries
Evaluate the analytical data generated from the investigation in terms of applicable,
relevant, and appropriate regulations, including both state and federal requirements
Provide data of sufficient quantity and quality so that the FS can evaluate cost-effective
remedial alternatives that will address significant environmental concerns identified on the
Site
The preliminary list of remedial alternatives were presented in the Alternative Development and Screening
Technical Memorandum which accompanied the Draft RI Report dated April 13, 1998. The results of
alternative analyses will be presented in the FS.
1.3 REPORT ORGANIZATION
The scope of work included in this report was Specified in the Drafi RIIFS Work Plan dated June 1997
(Dames & Moore, 19978). The format of the report is outlined below, and generally follows EPA guidance
(1988). This report is divided into 11 Sections and Appendices as follows:
Volume I
Section I .O - Introduction
Section 2.0 - Site Description and Background
Section 3.0 - Remedial Investigation Methodologies
Section 4.0 - Physical Characteristics of the Site
Section 5.0 - Nature and Extent of Contamination
Section 6.0 - Transport and Fate of Compounds of Potential Concern
Section 7.0 - Baseline Risk Assessment
Section 8.0 - Discussion and Interpretation of Findings
Section 9.0 - Conclusions
Section 10.0 - Project Schedule
Section 1 l .O - References
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-0.doc
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Each section of the RI Report is summarized below.
Section 1.0 presents a brief history, the purpose of the RI, and highlights
the report organization.
Section 2.0 presents the Site description and regulatory and investigatory
history of the Site.
Section 3.0 outlines the remedial investigation methodologies used in the
investigation.

Volumes 11,111. and IV
Section 4.0 discusses the physical characteristics of the Site including
the physical setting, geology, soil, hydrology, hydrogeology, mill and
mine-related facility conditions, and ecological conditions.
Section 5.0 presents the nature and extent of compounds of potential
concern in soil, surface water and.sedirnent in Railroad Creek, relevant
tributaries and Lake Chelan, and groundwaterlseeps as determined from
the Site characterization.
Section 6.0 discusses fate and transport of compounds of potential
concern. This section relates the analysis of site-specific characteristics
and identifies factors affecting migration and persistence of constituents.
Section 7.0 presents the results of the human health and ecological risk
assessments.
Section 8.0 presents the RI summary with a discussion and
interpretations of the findings, including the potential injuries to natural
resources.
Section 9.0 presents the conclusions, and recommendations to address
R1 data needs.
Section 10.0 presents the overall schedule of the RIFS.
Section I 1.0 presents the references utilized in the preparation of the N.
Volumes 11.111, and IV include the technical data used in support of the RI. Volume 111
presents the analytical laboratory data reports for the data collected at the Site; only select
versions of this document contain this volume.
This report has been written for a wide audience, both technical and non-technical. The non-technical
reader is encouraged to read the Executive Summary. Sections 1 through 3, and 8 through 11 to gain a
fundamental understanding of the Site. The more technical audience will be able to gain a more detailed
understanding of the Site by also reading Sections 4 through 7. As a result of this organization, some
redundancy exists between sections of the report.
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'

SOURCE: USGS Topographic Map, State of Washington,
Scale 1:500,000, Compiled 1961, Revised 1982
8 16
1
Scale in Miles
Figure 1 .l-1
DAMES & MOORE LAKE CHELAN WATERSHED MAP
A DAMES h MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

. . . .
.................. ............................................................ ........................................................... ........................................................... ........................................................... ........................................................... ........................................................... ...........................................................
............................................................... i ......................................... i > ! $ ! ! !
i SOURCE: Wtem et a/., 1992
Bonanza Peak i
USGS Chdan Ouadrengle .... ..................................................
1973
... ; .............................................................. ! ; ..........................................................
A
DAMES & MOORE
ADN&S&MooREGRoUPCoMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
B C
Railroad Creek . .
Approximate Scale in Feet
Figure 1.1-2
SITE VICINITY MAP
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

0.7 D.8
SOURCE: Base map inlbrmatim from USFS and
Washington DNR, DEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMS 6 MOORE GROUP UIMPA~Y
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 1.1-3
HOLDEN MINE SITE MAP
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

2.1 SITE DESCRIPTION
The Holden Mine is an inactive copper, zinc, and silver mine located within the Wenatchee National Forest
in north-central Washington State (Figures 2.1- l and 2.1-2). The Site is situated within the Cascade
Mountain Range approximately seven miles east of the Cascade crest. The mine was developed along
Railroad Creek approximately 11 miles upstream fiom the creek's outlet at Lake Chelan. Physical access to
the Site is provided by a gravel road from Lucerne, on Lake Chelan. Access to Lucerne is provided by
commercial boats fiom the community of Chelan and Field's Point Landing, and float planes.
The underground mine was developed south of Railroad Creek; access was provided,by a number of tunnels
completed in the valley walls above the creek. A large portion of the mine-related facilities and associated
hilings are situated near the floor of the steepsided glacial valley, between the underground mine and
Railroad Creek, at elevations ranging between 3,200 and.3,400 feet above mean sea level (MSL). The
geology of the Site can be summarized as a glacial valley carved into bedrock in which the valley bottom
and lower sidewalls have been covered with soil of glacial origin and deposits reworked by Railroad Creek.
The tailings and waste rock piles were placed atop the glacial soil and alluvium. Groundwater is found
perched within the glacial reworked deposits and tailings materials.
The tailings include three piles (tailings piles 1,2, and 3) which together encompass approximately 90 acres
(Figure 2.1-3) (ORB, 1975). The patented mining claims include two mill-site claims in the immediate area
of the now abandoned mill facility, and 13 claims to the south, southwest, and west of the mill facility in
which the ore body is located (not all of the claims are shown on Figure 2.1-3).
The Glacier Peak Wilderness generally bounds the Site to the west and south (Figure 2.1-2). Holden Village
is situated immediately to the north of Railroad Creek, which generally bounds the mine property to the
north. The downstream portion of the Railroad Creek watershed and Lake Chelan are east of the Site.
Miscellaneous maintenance facilities associated with the village operations, as well as a mine-related
museum, are located between the mill facility and Railroad Creek.
2.2 HISTORY OF SITE AND SURROUNDING A R~A
2.2.1 Lake Chelan Basin
The Lake Chelan Basin has been documented to have been explored by non-native Americans in the early
1800s (Figure 2.1-1). The community of Chelan was established near the southernmost end of Lake Chelan
in the mid-1800s. Commercial steamboat access up and down the lake from Chelan was started in 1889.
During the 1900s, the northern portion of the basin was utilized mostly by inhabitants of Stehekin, as well as
tourists, for hunting and fishing. Small farms and orchards were also established in the lower reach of the
Stehekin River valley (Darvill, 1996).
Mining exploration of the area has been documented to have been initiated as early as 1875. Mineral claims
were staked throughout the Stehekin River Valley and along the shores of Lake Chelan. Mine explorations,
mostly shallow adits and other similar workings, were developed throughout the Stehekin River watershed.
However, the difficulties of conveying the ore from mine to railroad, in conjunction with the relatively low
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grade of the ore and the short .working season. made the mines not feasible economically. and none of the
mines are in operation today (Darvill, 1996).
2.2.2 Railroad Creek Watershed
It is assumed that the Railroad Creek drainage was utilized historically for hunting and fishing by Native
Americans, as well as for access to the western slopes of the Cascade Mountains (Lenz & Freiberg, 1989).
There are no apparent records of the drainage being utilized by non-native Americans until discovery by
J.H. Holden in 1887. The chronology of the Site From 1887 to present is summarized in the following
section.
2.3 SITE DEVELOPMENT CHRONOLOGY
The following chronology is a summary of key events pertaining to the Site:
- Date . Event
1887 The ore body was first discovered by J. H. Holden, who was a member of a
railroad survey crew (Adams, 198 1).
1892 Mr. Holden staked the first group of claims ho dams, 198 1).
1897 20 mining claims were staked on the Site (Hodges, 1897). Mining claims were
also staked northwest of Hart Lake (west of the Site), on Tenmile Creek, on Wilson
Creek, and between Wilson Creek and Lucerne.
Early 1900s Several unsuccessful attempts by companies formed by Holden were made in the
early 1900s to develop a mine at the Site. During this time, five well-developed
tunnels were completed, ore piles were developed, a mining camp was established
above the valley floor (Honeymoon Heights) which included several buildings, and
twelve miles of semi-completed railroad grade were completed near Lucerne
(Adams, 198 1).
1910s Molybdenum was discovered and mined at Crown Point Falls, approximately 10
miles upstream of the Site near Railroad Creek; the mining discontinued with the
end of World War I (1918). The development of this mine near Railroad Creek
may have affected background concentrations of select metals detected in surface
water today.
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Chelan Copper Mining Company was established as a subsidiary of Howe Sound
Company and explored the ore body.
As a result of concerns voiced by several conservation groups, a bench scale test
was completed by Howe Sound Company to simulate the discharge of tailings-
related water into Railroad Creek and to design a system that would minimize
adverse impacts to trout. A study was also completed by "two well known Pacific

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Northwest mining engineer professors" to design the tailings ponds to minimize
adverse impacts to Railroad Creek and the fishery (Adams, 1981).
Howe Sound Company was provided a permit to utilize a portion of Railroad
Creek and Copper Creek water for use in the mill and village. Plans were
developed to build a transmission line from an electrical generation plant in Chelan
(Adams, 198 1 ).
The concentrating plant, docks at Lucerne, shop buildings, living accommodations,
12 miles of road, and 54 miles of power line were constructed. Railroad Creek was
relocated for the construction of tailings pile 1 (McWilliams, 1958).
The Howe Sound Company completed construction of the mill and started
production of ore concentrate. The 1500-level main portal and ventilator tunnel
were established (McWilliams, 1958). The Honeymoon Heights and workings
were abandoned in lieu. of utilizing the 1500 main tunnel for accessing and
removing portions of the ore body (Adams, 1981). The mine and mill structures
were established on patented mining claims. The village. support buildings, and
mine tailings piles were constructed on National Forest System (NFS) lands with
the approval of the USFS.
During this period, the mine and mill were operated by Howe Sound. Nearly 10
million tons of tailings were generated resulting fiom the mining and milling of
ore; approximately 8 million tons were placed in three tailings piles covering
approximately 90 acres, and nearly 1.8 million tons of tailings material were used
as backfill in the mine during the period of operation (McWilliams, 1958).
The abandoned mine structures and 15 patented mining claims were deeded by
Howe Sound Company to the Lutheran Bible Institute of Seattle, Washington
(Adams, 1981).
Holden Village, Incorporated was formed to manage the village as an
interdenominational church retreat, which continues today (Quit Claim Deed,
1961).
A Watershed Rehabilitation Plan for Railroad Creek and Copper Creek was
prepared by USFS.
The USFS burned down the Winston townsites for safety considerations (personal
communications with Keith Anderson, formerly of the USFS, 1997); the
underground storage tanks associated with the houses were not removed.
Feasibility and pre-design reports were completed by USFS.
Revegetation test plots were completed on tailings pile I.

1977 An Environmental Analysis report, including three alternatives for tailings pile
rehabilitation, was completed by USFS.
1982 A Decision Notice and Finding of No Significant Impact was signed by USFS to
address the planned reclamation plans. A Preliminary Assessment (PA) was
prepared by USEPA to assess potential environmental issues at the Site.
1986
A Preliminary Assessment (PA) was completed by Ecology to assess potential
environmental issues at the Site.
1989 Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) with CH2M Hill, under contract to USFS,
characterized site conditions and developed a remedial design. A contractor (Del
Hur) was selected for site work; the contractor started field work.
1990-9 1 Field work was conducted by Del Hur under the oversight of USFS. The principal
work efforts completed 'included the covering of the tailings piles with gravel,
filling in a depression near the center and removing tailings material from the
edges of tailings pile 1, regrading tailings piles 2 and 3, establishing surface water
run-on diversion and runoff ditches on the tailings piles, establishing revegetation
plots on the surfaces of the piles, plugging of decant towers in the tailings piles,
ripping of portions of the Railroad Creek substrate, and placement of rip-rap
streambank protection along Railroad Creek. PNL also installed groundwater
monitoring wells after construction was completed.
1995 The U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) installed additional groundwater monitoring
wells across the Site for the USFS.
1996 Dames & Moore conducted an initial site visit on the behalf of Alumet, Inc., and
completed Existing Data Evaluation and Data Needs Assessment.
2.4 PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES
Table 2.4-1 is a summary of documented investigations and studies completed at the Site from the time of
mine closure to present. The table focuses on those studies which were disclosed to contain data potentially
of use for Site characterization. The quality of the data in terms of potential use for characterization of the
Site is also presented. As noted in Table 2.4-1, a number of the studies were conducted prior to the Site
restoration efforts completed by the USFS between 1989 and 1991; these studies are, therefore, not
considered suitable for RI characterization because they are not representative of current Site conditions. A
more detailed discussion of most of the information summarized hereafter is presented in the report prepared
by Dames & Moore in September 1996, titled Existing Data Evaluation & Data Needs Assessment, Holden
Mine Site. Chelan Counry, Washington. Section 11.0 References includes the complete list of documents
noted in Table 2.4- 1 by author and year. .
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2.5 SUMMARY OF ISSUES OF POTENTIAL CONCERN
Several issues of potential environmental concern have been identified at the Site by the agencies. as
presented in the AOC, including the following:
The presence of compounds of potential concern in surface and groundwater and stream
sediments within the Railroad Creek watershed
The potential release of tailings materials into Railroad Creek through erosion or possibly
earthquake events
Depletion of habitat, aquatic biota, and fisheries populations
Wind-blown transport of, or direct exposure to compounds of potential concern in tailings
or other site materials
The following Sections of this report present the methods utilized to characterize the Site conditions and
the results of analyses.
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TABLE 2.4-1
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES
bsence of quality assurancelquality contr
absence of quality assurancdquality contro

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TABLE 2.4-1 (CONTINUED)
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES
e treated tailings. In addition, pll measurements from each plot were
developed by ORB in 1975. Potential impacts

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TABLE 2.4-1 (CONTINUED)
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES

1986
1988
1988
1989
Science Applications
International
Corporation
Energy and
Environmental
Systems Division,
ArgonneNational
Laboratory
Pacific Northwest
Laboratories (PNL)
Peven
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TABLE 2.4-1 (CONTINUED)
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES
from Holden tailings, and a fish survey of Railroad Creek conducted by the Washington Department
A consultant to the Washington State Department of Ecology completed a.Potential Hazardous WasteNo data applicable for R1 Site characteriiration
Site Preliminary Assessment of the mine site. -The report presented recommendations for additional soil
sampling in tailings areas and sampling of leachate and runoff from tailings piles and mine portal.
Recommendations for construction of berms to prevent erosion into Railroad Creek were also presented.
Submitted a Drafl Holden Mine Reclamation Plan Preliminary Scope of Work to the U.S. Forest Service, No data applicable for RI Site characterization
Wenatchee National Forest. Described the background and scope of work of the reclamation plan which
provided for designing portal water treatment system, designing shape, treatment and revegetation of
tailings piles, stream relocation and stabilization program, tailings stabilization assessment,
environmental monitoring, and construction monitoring.
Developed a reclamation plan for the Wenatchee National Forest. PNL subcontracted to CHZM Hill of No data applicable for Rl Site characterization
Bellevue, Washington to prepare the reclamation plans. PNL developed an environmental monitoring
plan to evaluate the impacts of the mine-related elements on wind and water quality. PNL then
implemented the monitoring plan.
The purpose of this survey was to document the annual trends of kokanee and chinook production that No data applicable for RI Site characterization
occurs within the Lake Chelan drainage. Several drainages to Lake Chelan were surveyed. Railroad
Creek is presented on the map which identifies it as a "spawner stream", however, no data are presented

TABLE 2.4-1 (CONTINUED)
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES
tential impact of construction activities within
ts outlet at Lake Chelan. PNL concluded
of the site would result in transient effects on
G:\wpdata\OOS\re~\holdm-2LiUO.doc DAMES & MOORE
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piemmeter water samples as
Service. Results from selecte
downstream of railroad creek
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TABLE 2.4-1 (CONTINUED)
PREVIOUS LNVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES
from fish collected from the segment of Railroad Creek and other portions of the creek. be suitoble for screening level RI Si

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TABLE 2.4-1 (CONTINUED)
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS AND STUDIES

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TABLE 2.4-1 (CONTINUED)
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATlONS AND STUDIES
concentrations of metals below current action levels. documentation

SOURCE: USGS Topographic Map, State of Washington,
Scale 1 :500,000, Compiled 196 1, Revised 1982
8 16
Scale in Miles
Figure 2.1 -1
DAMES & 'MOORE LAKE CHELAN WATERSHED MAP
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-019 Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Wtem et al., 1992
USGS Chdan Ouadrangle .............................................
1973
... ; .............................................................. .... !
A B
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES a WRE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Bonanza Peak i i Railroad Creek
Approximate Scale in Feet
Figure 2.1-2
SITE VICINITY MAP
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE CROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 2.1 -3
HOLDEN MINE SITE MAP
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

3.0 REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGIES
This section summarizes the scope of work presented in the Draft Work Plan and Sampling and Analysis
Plans completed for the Phase 1, 11, and 111 RI. The RI field investigation techniques were designed to
achieve the following data quality objectives:
Characterize the physical and chemical characteristics of groundwater and surface water
directly related to the Site.
Characterize the interrelationship of groundwater, surface water, and metals loading to
Railroad Creek and refine the Conceptual Site Model.
Characterize the impact of metals loading on surface water quality in Railroad Creek.
Characterize the geotechnical characteristics and stability of the tailings piles in regard to
natural occurrences such as floods and earthquakes.
Better define tailings pile drainage fate and transport in Railroad Creek applicable to
evaluating environmental and human health and ecological risks.
Evaluate existing data quality based on confirmatory sampling of various media.
Field methodologies were in accordance with the Draft RIIFS Work Plan; the April 1997 and Phase I
through Phase 111 SAPs; the QAPPs; and the H&S Plans listed in Section 1.0 of this report. The field
program was performed using a phased approach. Successive phases were refined based on field and
laboratory results from previous field efforts. Changes and refinements to the field program phases were
discussed in technical sessions (which included representatives of Alumet and the Agencies) between
field efforts. Consensus was reached between Alumet and the Agencies prior to implementing changes to
the field program. The RI field program included the following:
Surface water sampling and flow measurements
Groundwaterlseep sampling and water level and flow measurements
Geophysical surveys
Surface and subsurface soil sampling
Geologic hazards assessments
Sediment sampling
Ecological sampling and surveys
Dye tracer survey
Field screening analysis
Quality assurancelquality control
A brief description of the RI tasks and methodologies used in the RI field program are presented in th?s
section and includes any deviations that occurred in the field as compared to the Work Plans (any
deviations that occurred were verbally approved by the Agencies). A more detailed discussion is
provided in the above-mentioned RI Work Plan, SAPs, and QAPPs. The locations of the areas evaluated
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on the Site are presented on Figures 3.0-1, 3.0-2, and 3.0-3. Table 3.0-1 presents a key of site features
and media sarnpling/data collection locations utilizing the coordinates presented on the relevant figures.
A background of the Site history and past land uses for the different portions of the Site is presented in
Section 2 of this report and in the report prepared by Dames & Moore in September 1996, titled Exisring
Data Evaluation and Data Needs Assessment, Holden Mine Site, Chelan County, Washington. Sections 4
through 8 of this report provide added detail associated with the areas evaluated and the results of
laboratory and office analyses.
3.1 TASK 1 - GEOLOGY AND SOILS INVESTIGATION
3.1.1 Surface and Subsurface Soil Sampling
Referring to Figures 3.1 - 1 through 3.1-5 and Table 3.1- 1, surface soil samples were collected throughout
the area from background locations, Holden Village, the baseball field, the maintenance yard, the lagoon,
tailings piles, and downwind windblown tailings material during the R1; the upwind and downwind
portions of the Site were determined based on the results of studies and data from others (Air Resource
Specialists, 1994, and USFS onsite weather station data). The purpose of the sampling was to
characterize area background soils, and Site soils and tailings that may contain potential compounds of
concern associated with the historic mining operations.
Surface soil samples are defined as 0 to 6 inches below ground surface (bgs); surface soil samples were
collected from all of the above-mentioned areas. subsurface samples were defined as being collected
greater than 6 inches bgs. The subsurface soil samples were collected from the maintenance yard, lagoon,
and tailings piles.
Brief descriptions of the physical locations sampled are presented hereafter. A discussion of the geology
and soils related to these areas is presented in Section 4.2.3. The results of the laboratory analyses are
presented in Section 5.2.
3.1.1.1 Area Background
Nineteen area surface background soil samples (DMBG-I through DMBG-19) were collected from the
Railroad Creek drainage at locations hydraulically upgradient andlor sidegradient of mine influences.
The sample locations are shown on Figure 3.1-1. The samples were collected for metals analyses as
presented in Table 3.1 - 1. The results of the analyses are presented in Section 5.2.1.
3.1.1.2 Holden Village
Seven surface soil samples (DMSS-1 through 7) were collected throughout Holden Village, including one
sample from within the Holden Village vegetable garden (Figure 3.1-2). The samples were collected for
metals analyses as presented in Table 3.1-1. The results of the analyses are presented in Section 5.2.2.
3.1.1.3 Baseball Field and Wilderness Boundary
One surface soil sample was collected in the area of the baseball field to the west of Holden Village and
east of the wilderness boundary (DMSS-25). Two samples were also collected to the west of the
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wilderness boundary with the intent of establishing background metals concentrations (DMSS-26 and 27)
(Figure 3.1-2); these sample locations are approximately one mile from the nearest tailings pile. and are
upwind based on the prevailing wind direction reported in Air Resource Specialists, 1994, and onsite
USFS weather station data. All three samples were collected for metals analyses as presented on Table
3.1-1. The results of the analyses are presented in Sections 5.2.1 and 5.2.3.
3.1.1.4 Maintenance Yard
Four surface (DMSS-8 through 10, and one sample noted as Storage 6") and three subsurface soil samples
(DMSS-8 through 10) were collected in the maintenance yard area, to the northwest of the former mill
,facility (Figures 3.1-2 and 3.1-3). The three subsurface samples were collected at a depth of 2 feet bgs.
The samples were collected for metals, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), and PCB analyses as
presented on Table 3.1-1. The results of the analyses are presented in Section 5.2.4.
Lagoon
One surface (Lagoon 6") and one subsurface soil sample (Lagoon 2') were collected in 1997 from the
bottom of the lagoon feature located northwest of the former mill facility (Figure 3.1-2 and 3.1-3). The
subsurface sample was collected at a depth of 2 feet bgs. The samples were collected for metals, TPH,
and PCB analyses.as presented on Table 3.1 - 1.
In 1998, additional subsurface samples were collected to further assess the extent of chemical constituents
. in the lagoon area. The samples (DMLG-I-2', DMLG-I-4', DMLG-2-4', DMLG-2-7%', DMLG-3-2',
. DMLG-3-4', DMLG-4-2', DMLG-4-4', DMLG-5-2', and DMLG-5-4') were collected at approximately
. 2-foot intervals from test pits excavated on the perimeter and center of the lagoon. Test pits were
terminated when groundwater was encountered. The test pit locations are shown on Figure 3.1-3. The
additional samples collected were analyzed for cadmium, copper, lead, and total petroleum hydrocarbons
(TPH diesel and heavier). The results of the analyses are presented in Section 5.2.5.
Tailings Piles
Referring to Figure 3.1-2, three surface soil samples were collected from each of the tailings piles for a
total of nine samples (DMSS-I 1 through 19). The samples were collected for metals analyses as
presented on Table 3.1 - 1.
Subsurface soil samples were also collected from the tailings piles during the excavation of trackhoe
excavated test pits and trenches completed both on top and near the base of tailings piles slopes. The
following samples were collected during the excavation of the test pits and trenches: four samples from
tailings piles 1 (DMTPI-2, DMTPI-3A, DMTPI-38, and DMTPI-4); three samples from tailings pile 2
(DMTP2- I A, DMTP2- I B, and DMTP2-2), and seven samples from tailings pile 3 (DMTP3- I, DMTP~-2,'
DMTP3-3A, DMTP3-3B, DMTP3-4A, DMTP3-4B, and a duplicate sample, DMTP3-4AX). The samples
were all collected for metals analyses as presented on Table 3.1-1. The results of the analyses are
presented in Section 5.2.6.2.
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Wind-Blown Tailings
The approximate extent of wind-blown tailings material downwind and adjacent to the tailings piles was
mapped by utilizing relatively low altitude aerial photographs (USFS, 1997) and ground truthing. Five
surface soil samples (DMSS-20 through -24) were collected in areas outside of Holden Village but within
the borders of wind-blown tailings material (Figure 3.1-4). Four of the samples were collected
exclusively of the apparent tailings materials based on visual evidence of color and texture. One sample
was collected immediately below the layer of apparent tailings material to a depth of 5 inches below the
ground surface. The samples were all collected for metals analyses as presented on Table 3.1-1. The
results of the mapping of the wind-blown tailings are presented in Section 4.2.6. The results of laboratory
analyses are presented in Section 5.2.7.
3.1.2 Seismic Refraction Survey
Referring to Figure 3.1-2 and Table 3.0- 1 (under "Geophysical Survey Lines"), seismic refraction surveys
were performed by Northwest Geophysical Associates, Inc., subcontracted by Dames & Moore, to
determine the thickness of tailings materials, as well as the depth to bedrock. The location and orientation
of several of the seismic lines were changed to accommodate field conditions as compared to lines
specified in the SAP. A total of seven seismic lines were completed.
The seismic refraction lines were conducted in a generally north-south orientation across all three tailings
piles, as well as to the west of tailings pile 1, and east of tailings pile 3. One seismic line was performed
across the waste rock pile to the east of the abandoned mill facility. One seismic line was also completed
in a generally north-south orientation between tailings piles 1 and 2, adjacent to Copper Creek.
One seismic line was completed parallel to Railroad Creek adjacent to tailings piles 2 and 3. Three of the
lines (the westemmost, center, and easternmost lines) extended across Railroad Creek to the north. The
lines were extended upslope and downslope of the tailings piles when possible. Each of the lines was
surveyed in the field by a subcontractor (Erlandsen & Associates) to Dames & Moore. The results of the
seismic refraction survey are presented in Section 4.2.3.1 and Appendix A.
3.1.3 Exploratory Test Pits and Sampling
3.1.3.1 Tailings Piles
The primary purpose of the exploratory test pits was to visually characterize the conditions of the tailings
piles near the base and tops of slopes to support seismic and slope stability analyses. The SAP outlined a
program of three test pits on the tops of each tailings pile, a test pit at the toe of the northwest comer of
tailings pile 1, and a test pit at the toe of the northeast comer of tailings pile 3. Test pit locations are
shown on Figure 3.1-2. Due to access restrictions, the test pit intended for completion on the northwest
comer of tailings pile 1 (DMTPI-I) was not completed. Three test pits were completed on tailings pile 1
(DMTPI-2, DMTPI-3, and DMTPI-4) for geotechnical evaluation. Test pits on tailings pile 2 (DMTP2-
1 and 2) and tailings pile 3 (DMTP3-I through DMTP3-4) were completed for geotechnical evaluation as
well. The results of the geotechnical laboratory analyses are discussed throughout Sections 4.2.3 and
4.2.4.
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The test pits were excavated utilizing a track-mounted backhoe. The excavations were completed to a
maximum depth of 19 feet bgs. The test pits allowed for the sampling of the subsurface materials for
laboratory testing to assess engineering characteristics. The samples were also collected for analytical
laboratory testing to characterize the metals concentrations. The results of the analytical testing are
presented in Section 5.2.6.2.
Additional test pits (DMTP3E-4 through 6) were completed to the east of tailings pile 3 to assess the area
as a potential source of granular soil for remedial activities. Test pits (DMTPIS-1, DMTP2S-I and
DMTP3S-1) were completed to the south of each tailings pile to assess the presence or absence of glacial
till soils. The results of the borrow source evaluation are presented in Section 4.2.8.
One test pit (DMTP1 E-1) was completed near the toe of the northeast comer of tailings pile 1, west of the
confluence of Railroad Creek and Copper Creek, to assess ferricrete formation in Railroad Creek. Three
additional test pits (DMP3E-1 through -3) were completed near the toe of the northeast comer of tailings
pile 3 also to assess ferricrete formation. The results of the ferricrete assessment are presented in Section
4.3.9.
Winston Home Sites
Seven test pit excavations (DMTPW-I through -7) were completed by a track-mounted backhoe in the
Winston home sites area. The purpose of the test pits was to assess the presence or absence of petroleum
hydrocarboris associated with the underground storage tanks (USTs) inventoried as part of the RI, and
discussed in Section 4.1.2.6. One test pit was located immediately downgradient of each of the seven
tanks identified at the downslope extent of the Winston home sites area (Figures 3.1 -2 and 3.1-5). Due to
the Winston home sites area being part of the Holden Mine Historic District (USFS, 1991), the test pits
were excavated immediately outside the mapped boundary.
Test pits were not completed cross gradient to the area as the east and west boundaries of the Winston
home sites Historic Area are not clearly defined. The characteristics of the subsurface soils were
documented, as well as the presence or absence of petroleum hydrocarbons based on visual and olfactory
indications. The program included the sampling of soil in the event that indications of petroleum
hydrocarbons were observed; however, no indications of petroleum hydrocarbons were noted and,
therefore, no laboratory analyses were conducted. A discussion of the geologic conditions is presented in
Section 4.2.3.
3.1.4 Borrow Source Evaluation
A borrow source evaluation was conducted with the objective of identifying possible and likely sources of
rock "riprap" (rock used for streambank erosion protection) and granular soil within the Site vicinity.
Referring to Figure 3.1-6, the study area was limited to those portions of the Railroad Creek watershed
outside the Glacier Peak Wilderness and Holden Village areas which were considered to be a reasonable
distance from the existing roads, and not constrained by physiographic features such as Railroad Creek
and steep slopes. Site visits to the areas identified during a literature and aerial photograph review were
completed to map and sample the outcrops of rock and/or deposits. Materials currently on the Site were
evaluated for potential use as a borrow source in addition to materials in other areas of the Railroad Creek
drainage. The mapping focused on the rock type, competency, fracturing and weathering characteristics,
and potential quantities of overburden and material. The relative character of.the rock was determined
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utilizing a "Schmidt" hammer, or a hammer which applies energy to the rock and measures relative
resistance. The results of the evaluation are presented in Section 4.2.8.
3.1.5 Geologic Hazards Assessment
Referring to Figure 3.1-7, this task included the collection of field data for the evaluation of seismic, slope
stability and erosion potential, and a riprap investigation.
3.1.5.1 Seismic Potential Assessment
As noted above, a total of nine trackhoe excavations were completed to assess the engineering
characteristics of the Site soils and tailings materials. The results were utilized to analyze the potential for
liquefaction and slope instability of the tailings materials during a seismic event (earthquake). The data
collected from the excavations included the relative density of the material and grain size, as well as the
presence or absence of saturated conditions within the tailings materials completed both on top and near
the toes of the tailings piles.
Data from geotechnical engineering-related laboratory testing (grain size and moisture content per ASTM
Method D2216-92 and D422-63) of soil samples collected in the field, downhole geophysical surveys
conducted by a subcontractor to Dames & Moore (Northwest Geophysical Associates, Inc.) in selected
wells (TPI-4A, PZ-2A, and PZ-SA), as well as data generated by others (Hart Crowser, 1975) were
analyzed for use in computer analysis of liquefaction potential, as described in Section 3.1 1.1.1. The
results of the assessment are presented in Section 4.2.4.1.
3.1.5.2 Tailings Pile Slope Stability
Referring to Figure 3.1-7, the slopes of the tailings piles facing Railroad Creek were evaluated in'the field
in terms of their potential for mass movement. The methods utilized were generally consistent with the
guidelines established in the Mass Wasting Module of the Washington State Department of Natural
Resources (WDNR) Watershed Analysis Manual (version 3.1) for Level 2 analysis. The field program
focused on evaluating the slopes adjacent to Railroad Creek. The field program included the
documentation and mapping of slope angles, soil types, consistency of soil surface, and indications of
slope instabilities. In addition, a cursory evaluation of the avalanche chute south of tailings pile 3 was
conducted using the same methodologies. The field findings were analyzed in conjunction with computer
slope stability analyses which also incorporated field and laboratory data collected by others, as described
in Section 3.1 1 .I .2 (Hart Crowser, 1975). A summary of field findings and slope stability analyses are
presented in Section 4.2.4.2.
3.1.5.3 Erosion Potential Assessment
The slopes of the tailings piles facing Railroad Creek were also evaluated in the field in terms of their
erosion potential. The methods utilized were generally consistent with the guidelines established i the
Surface Erosion Module of the Washington State Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) Watershed
Analysis Manual (version 3.1) for Level 2 hillslope erosion analysis. The field program focused on the
evaluation of slopes adjacent to Railroad Creek. The field program included completing backhoe test
trench excavations (noted above under Section 3.1.3) and the documentation and mapping of slope
angles, soil types, consistency of soil surface, and indications of hillslope erosion. The field findings
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were transferred to AutoCAD maps of the Site. Polygons of erosion potential were mapped in the field
based on the observations. The field findings and results of office analyses are presented in Section
4.2.4.3.
3.1.5.4 Mine Subsidence Potential Assessment
Based on a review of underground mine maps for the Holden Mine, the ore body was noted to have been
present within metamorphic bedrock, was nearly vertical in orientation, had a strike in a northwest-
southeast direction, and a width of approximately 80 feet. The ore body was mined by developing a
number of underground openings, or stopes, which are noted on mine maps. The upper limit of the
underground openings are indicated on the mine maps to approach within approximately 50 feet of the
ground surface. The potential for subsidence exists in these areas. The zone of mapped shallow mine
workings is noted to exist in the area noted as Honeymoon Heights (Figure 3.1-7).
The mine subsidence potential assessment evaluat,ion included mapping of the field conditions along the .
mapped strike of the exposed ore body, including the documentation of the following:
Frequency and orientation of bedding, fractures, and joints
Rock type and consistency
Slope angles
Vegetative cover
Presence or absence of surface water drainages
Indications of potential subsidence features
The data were analyzed as described in Section 3.1 1.2. The field findings and results of office analyses
are presented in Section 4.2.5.
3.1.5.5 Existing Riprap Investigation
A visual assessment of the existing riprap was conducted for the sections of Railroad Creek and Copper
Creeks adjacent to the three tailings piles (Figure 3.1-7). During the reconnaissance, the riprap condition
was characterized for each section (as defined in the Erosion Potential subsection above). The
characterization included a reach by reach assessment of the predominant and maximum boulder size,
boulder lithologic color and composition, and weathering characteristics. Boulder types were classified
into six different types on the basis of lithologic composition and weathering condition. In addition,
Schmidt-hammer tests were performed on representative boulder types to assess the relative hardness and
competency of each riprap type. This information was used by Dames & Moore in estimating the quality
of the riprap for each slope reach. The data collected in the field were utilized to complete an office
analysis of whether the riprap is sufficient to protect the toes of the tailings pile slopes from erosion by
Railroad Creek and Copper Creek. The field findings and results of the office analyses are presented in
Section 4.2.7. .
3.2 TASK 2 - HYDROLOGIC IIWESTIGATION
Referring to Figures 3.2-1 and 3.2-2, the RI hydrologic investigation was designed to provide a
comprehensive database in support of the feasibility study and ecological risk assessment, as well as
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augment the existing hydrologic information for the Site. The hydrologic database also provided a means
to evaluate conditions in Railroad Creek in the vicinity of the Site as they relate to the regional hydrologic
setting. The overall objective of the hydrologic investigation was to collect sufficient surface water
quality and streamflow data, watershed and geomorphologic information to characterize and identify:
. Background water quality conditions upstream of the Site
Potential compounds of concern in Railroad Creek
Seasonal variability of flow and water quality in Railroad Creek along and downstream
of the Site
Flow and water quality relationships in Railroad Creek along and downstream of the Site
Interaction between groundwater and surface water on the Site
Sediment conditions and potential for channel erosion in Railroad Creek on the Site
Possible water quality and streamflow trends in Railroad Creek that are related to the
mine
The hydrologic investigation included the following elements:
Streamflow surveys
Water Quality Sampling
Geomorphologic Surveys
Water Balance, Watershed Evaluation and Hydrogeologic Synthesis
Hydrologic Analysis and Synthesis
Referring to Figures 3.2-1 and 3.2-2, the nomenclature for the surface water sampling locations in
Railroad Creek utilized a system initially developed by the USFS. The sampling station upstream of the
Site was initially established by the USFS as RC-I (Railroad Creek station 1). The sampling station
immediately downstream of the Site was designated RC-2, and the station near the mouth of Railroad
Creek at Lucerne was noted as RC-3. However, subsequent stations were added during the RI as the need
arose for additional data, resulting in a total of I1 Railroad Creek stations (RC-1 through RC-I I).
Consequently, the nomenclature of the stations is not in numerical order from upstream to downstream.
The need to compare the RI data with historical data precluded the ability to renumber the stations. It
should be noted that water quality samples were not collected at station RC-9; this station was used for
the aquatic habitat survey only.
In addition to the Railroad Creek sampling stations, surface water quality stations were also established
on the 1500-level main portal drainage, the Copper Creek diversion, Copper Creek, Tenmile Creek, Big
Creek and Holden Creek in order to assess potential loading sources, upstream water quality, and
tributary water quality. Water quality and streamflow data were also collected from three reference
streams located outside of the Railroad Creek watershed (Bridge Creek, South Fork Agnes Creek, and
Company Creek).
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3.2.1 Streamflow Suweys
Streamflow surveys were conducted during the April, MayIJunt?, July, and SeptemberlOctober 1997 and
May 1998 sampling events. However, the April 1997 sampling event included the survey of Railroad
Creek only due to the presence of snow cover, which precluded access to the other water bodies noted
above.
The streamflow survey consists of flow measurements in Railroad Creek, Copper Creek and selected
tributaries and out of basin streams. A flow measurement was attempted each time a surface water
quality sample was collected, and during periods of high and low flow to characterize flow variability.
Referring to Figures 3.2-1 and 3.2-2, and Table 3.0-1 under "Surface Water," streamflow measurements
were made at RC-1, RC-2, RC-3, RC-4, RC-5 (and RC-SA), RC-6, RC-7, RC-10, and RC-I I in Railroad
Creek, CC-1 and CC-2 (combined) in Copper Creek. CC-Dl (Copper Creek diversion) and in the portal
drainage at P-1 and P-5.
Flow measurements were made in several tributaries (Holden Creek, Big Creek, and Ten Mile Creek) that
were sampled and at all aquatic habitat sampling locations in Railroad Creek (see Section 3.9) and three
locations (Bridge Creek, South Fork Agnes Creek, and Company Creek) outside the Railroad Creek
watershed north of the Site. At stations RC-4 and RC-2, water levels were consistently monitored to
develop stage-discharge rating curves (graphs which allow one to determine flow rate from a water height
measurement) for these two stations. Flow data from the USFS (1996) was incorporated into the ratings
for both of these stations. The rating curves developed for Railroad Creek stations RC-2 and RC-4 are
discussed in Section 4.3.3.2.
A low flow or baseflow survey was completed during the September 1997 field program. The objective
of the baseflow survey was to measure the groundwater inflow component to Railroad Creek adjacent to
the Site. The baseflow survey was completed during a time of historical, steady low flow conditions
(September 22, 1997) and consisted of measuring flow at all of the Railroad Creek stations (RC-4, RC-7,
RC-2 and RC-5) adjacent to the Site. Tributary flow was also measured from Copper Creek (CC-I), the
Copper Creek diversion (CC-Dl), and SP-21 (located to the east of tailings pile 3, noted on Figure 3.3-2
and Table 3.0-1 under "seeps"). In October 1998, additional baseflow measurements were collected in
Railroad Creek between stations RC-I and RC-4 to further characterize an apparent flow loss that was
observed in 1997. The additional survey was designed to characterize the flow loss and to evaluate the
specific locations of the loss.
The streamflow measurements were made using standard USGS methods and equipment at each station
(Rantz et al., 1984). The stream depth and velocity were measured by wading into the stream when depth
and velocity were low enough to allow the hydrologist to enter the stream safely. Width was measured
from a tagline (tape measure) strung across the channel section. During periods of higher flow when a
wading measurement could not be accomplished, flow measurements were made from those stations that
could be measured from a bridge; these stations included the footbridge (station RC-4), Svens bridge
(station RC-2) and at Lucerne (station RC-3).
Rating curves were developed for the RC-4 and RC-2 gauging stations using the discharge and staff gage
measurements at these locations. The rating curve provides a means to estimate streamflow from gage
heights, and also averages errors associated with the discharge and staff gage measurements. The rating
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curve developed for RC-4 was used to estimate flows from the continuous water level recorder (known as
a "Troll") to create a continuous hydrograph for this station. The rating curve data was also used to
estimate concurrent flows at all stations enabling direct flow comparisons and relationships between
stations to be developed.
All of the discharge measurements that were made at RC-2 and RC-4 were used to develop the ratings.
unless a concurrent stage measurement was not available. Additionally, flow measurements that deviated
by more than 20 percent from the average rating curve were excluded from the rating because these
measurements were assumed to represent either unacceptable measurement error or a changed condition
which did not persist in the remainder of the data base.
Three flow measurements were excluded based on this criteria, including the June 16. 1997, measurement
at RC-4, and the July 10, 1997, measurement at RC-2 collected by Dames & Moore and the July 25,
1996, measurement at RC-2 collected by the USFS; additional discussion regarding the excluded flow
measurements and their significance is presented in Section 4.3. The other findings of the streamflow
surveys are also presented in Section 4.3.
3.2.2 Water Quality Sampling
Referring to Figure 3.2- 1 and 3.2-2, Table 3.0- 1 under "Surface Water," and Tables 3.2- 1 through 3.2-5,
surface water samples were collected from Railroad Creek during the four sampling events in 1997 and
one event in May 1998, from Copper Creek at stations CC-I (south and upstream of the tailings piles),
CC-2 (near the confluence with Railroad Creek) during four sampling events, and from CC-Dl (the
Copper Creek diversion) during the five sampling events. Samples were also collected during four
sampling rounds from two stations in the 1500-level main mine portal drainage, P-l and P-5.
Miscellaneous surface water samples were collected in select Railroad Creek tributaries and at all aquatic
habitat sampling locations (except RC-9).
Surface water quality samples were collected using a Teflon depth integrated sampler, which collects
samples of the complete water column. .The sampler was slowly lowered to the bottom of the stream
allowing a constant inflow rate through the water column. The samples were also composited across the
width of the stream by sampling at evenly spaced locations across the channel, and combining these
discrete samples into one composite for the station. The depth integrated sampler could only be used
when the water depth was greater than approximately one foot, and consequently could not be used to
sample the portal drainage. For comparative purposes, discrete depth integrated samples were also
collected (in addition to the width composite sample) at south bank locations at stations RC-I, RC-4 and
RC-2.
The surface water samples were tested in the field for pH, specific conductance, temperature, dissolved
oxygen, and redox potential. Laboratory analyses included total and dissolved metals (aluminum, arsenic,
barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury,
molybdenum, nickel, potassium, selenium, silver, sodium, thallium, uranium, and zinc), ortholtotai'
phosphorous, cyanide, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, chloride, nitrite-nitrate, sulfate,
silicates, alkalinity, color, and hardness as specified in the SAP and QAPP. Tailings pile 1 was reportedly
used historically as a dump area for Howe Sound Company and Holden Village; thus, TPH and PCBs
were analyzed at selected locations upsmam (RC-6), adjacent to (RC-2) and downstream (RC-3) of the
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Site. Samples collected for dissolved metals analysis were filtered in the field to remove sediment before
sample preservation. The results of laboratory analyses are presented in Section 5.3.
3.2.3 Storm Event Sampling
The MayIJune 1997 work plan called for sampling a post melt season storm event to observe the effects
of rainfall infiltration on water quality of seepage flow and baseflow into Railroad Creek from the mine
workings. The sampling guidelines stipulated that storm event sampling at selected seep, portal and creek
locations would be triggered after 0.5 inches of rainfall fell within 24 hours, and after a period of dry
weather had occurred that was sufficient to result in observed build-up of metal salts on the surface of the
tailings piles. In lieu of the occurrence of these climatic conditions, weekly sampling of selected seep.
portal and creek stations would be completed during the MayIJune 1997 sampling round:
During the MayIJune 1997 sampling period, the climatic conditions which would have triggered a storm
event sampling round were not observed. Consequently, the weekly sampling was undertaken. Referring
to Figures 3.2-1 and 3.2-2, and Table 3.2-2, weekly sampling stations included the portal drainage at P-5.
Railroad .Creek stations RC-6 and RC-2 (upstream and downstream of the mine), and seeps SP-23
(upstream of the tailings), SP-I5E (related to the mill site and maintenance yard), and SP-2 (downstream
of the tailings). The weekly sampling rounds provided a more comprehensive time series comparison
between water quality and flow conditions in the portal, selected seeps and Railroad Creek than would
have been available if only one round of sampling were conducted during the MayIJune sampling event.
The samples were analyzed for the primary analyte list of metals (aluminum, barium, beryllium,
cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, silver,
sodium, and zinc), alkalinity, sulfate, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, and hardness. The
results of the laboratory analyses are presented in Section 5.3.
3.2.4 Geomorpbologic Survey
As part of the streamflow survey and habitat evaluation, geomorphologic observations and channel
geometry surveys were completed at each of the streamflow stations in Railroad Creek. Additional
channel data were also collected at the aquatic habitat sampling stations (see Section 3.9). Aerial
photographs and historic data on Railroad Creek were also reviewed to supplement the evaluation of the
channel data.
The purpose of the survey was to provide sufficient data to characterize the erosion and sediment
transport potential of Railroad Creek, provide baseline channel habitat data, and to characterize the nature
of the streambed adjacent to the tailings piles where the build-up of an iron cemented layer, or ferricrete,
has been documented.
Referring to Figures 3.2-1 and 3.2-2, an initial channel geomorphology survey was completed by
observing the Railroad Creek bed beginning upstream of RC-6 to the mouth (at Lucerne). The survey
included a characterization of bed'material, channel slope, water quality (pH, specific conductance and
temperature), bank conditions, riparian conditions, and mapping of areas of erosion and deposition. The
data collection during this survey was designed to characterize overall channel conditions within surveyed
reaches and was qualitative in nature. The results of the survey are presented in Section 4.3:3.3.
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The erodibility of the bed and bank material and extent of ferricrete development was assessed in
Railroad Creek adjacent to the tailings piles. A backhoe was used to break through the ferricrete material
on the south bank and in the streambed at three locations adjacent to the tailings piles. The test pits were
logged to document the nature of the bank materials and visually assess ferricrete and groundwater
conditions on the streambank. The extent of the ferricrete was mapped based on field observations in the
upstream and downstream direction as well as across the channel. The results of the ferricrete assessment
are presented in Section 4.3.9.
3.3 TASK 3 - HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION
,3.3.1 Groundwater Quality and Water Level Data Collection and Analytical
The following sections summarize methods and equipment used in collecting groundwater-level and
groundwater-quality data during the RI activities.
3.3.1.1 Tailings Pile
Referring to Figures 3.3-1 and 3.3-2 and Tables 3.0-1 (under "Groundwater Monitoring Wells") and 3.2-
2 through 3.2-5, an initial assessment of groundwater monitoring wells at the Site was conducted in mid-
May 1997 to evaluate the suitability of the wells for use for water-level and water-quality sampling. The
assessment was completed by checking surface completions for well integrity and measuring total depths
in wells for concurrence with depths noted during well construction. Well PZ-2A was concluded to be
damaged below the surface and well TP2-5A was substituted for water quality sampling.
Water levels were collected from 48 wells at the Site during four sampling rounds in mid-May, mid-June,
mid-July, and mid-September of 1997. Water levels were collected from wells located apparently
upgradient and downgradient of tailings piles 1, 2, and 3, downgradient of the mill building complex, and
on the north side of Railroad Creek; the inferred groundwater flow direction is generally to the north to
northeast. Water levels were collected from piezometer clusters installed previously within the tailings
piles in order to assess groundwater flow directions within the piles. The results of water level
measurements are discussed in Section 4.4.3.
Water quality samples were collected from 24 wells at the Site during the May sampling round and 21
wells in September. Two wells scheduled for sampling in May-June (PZ-3C and CC-BKG) were not
sampled as they were dry. Three additional wells (PZ-IA, TP2-5A, and TP3-4) were not sampled in
September as they were also dry. Samples were collected following the removal of a minimum of three
casing volumes and when water parameters were stabilized. Prior to ihe first.sampling round, wells that
had not, previously been developed were developed (the removal of water from a well in order to remove
sediment produced during well construction and to encourage flow) using either decontaminated
downhole pumps, dedicated disposable bailers, or decontaminated PVC bailers.
Purging of groundwater wells was accomplished using either decontaminated downhole pumps or
decontaminated PVC bailers. Samples were collected using decontaminated PVC bailers during the May
sampling event, and decontaminated dedicated PVC bailers during the September sampling round.
Groundwater samples were tested in the field for pH, specific conductance, temperature, ferrous iron, and
oxidationlreduction potential as outlined in the associated SAPS. Samples were submitted to the
laboratory for dissolved metal analyses (aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium,
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1

'
chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, potassium.
selenium, silver, sodium, thallium, uranium, and zinc), alkalinity, sulfate, total dissolved solids, total
suspended solids, hardness, chloride, nitratelnitrite, color, cyanide, and ortholtotal phosphorous as
outlined in the associated SAPS. In addition, samples collected from HBKG-I (located west of tailings
pile 1) and DS-2 (located downgradient of tailings pile 3) were analyzed for TPH and PCBs. The results
of laboratory analyses are presented in Section 5.4.2.
3.3.1.2 Seeps
Groundwater which flows from the slopes andlor ground surface are considered seeps. The presence of
seeps is indicative of a shallow groundwater occurrence. Referring to Figures 3.2-1 and 3.3-2 and Tables
3.0-1 (under "Seeps") and 3.2-2 through 3.2-5, the RI included the sampling of seeps and immediate areas
where the seep water collected in order to better characterize the shallow groundwater underlying the Site.
Discharge measurements and water quality samples were collected from all site seeps with measurable
flow that were not derived completely by snowmelt. The discharge measurements were recorded through
the use of portable flumes, collecting flow into containers of known volume, or visual estimation. A
discussion of the seeps in terms of the groundwater conditions is presented in Section 4.3.3.7. In areas
where multiple small-discharge seeps were found, composite, volume-weighted samples were collected.
Samples were analyzed for the same parameter suite as groundwater samples. The results of laboratory
analyses are presented in Section 5.4.2.
3.3.1.3 Dye Tracer Survey I
A dye tracer test program was conducted in two areas of the Site. Testing was conducted by introducing
dye in the Honeymoon Heights drainage to assess potential'relationships of intermittent drainage from
Honeymoon Heights to seeps SP-12, SP-23 and the portal drainage (Figure 3.3-2). An additional test was
conducted by introducing dye into a partially open decant tower located on the top of tailings pile 1 to
assess if water that flows into the decant tower contributes to the generation of seepage from the tailings
pile.
Dye was input at three points: (1) Honeymoon Heights drainage down gradient of the mapped shallow
mine workings but up gradient of seeps SP-12 and SP-23, (2) Honeymoon Heights drainage up gradient
of the mapped shallow mine workings and up gradient of seeps SP-12 and SP-23, and (3) In partially
open decant tower located in tailings pile 1.
Water samples were collected at SP-12, SP-23 and portal drainage (P-1) to assess water source
relationships with the Honeymoon Heights drainage and from SP-1,'s~-2 and the south bank of Railroad
Creek up gradient of the Copper Creek confluence to assess water source relationships between the
tailings piles and seeps at Railroad Creek. The samples were analyzed for the expected dye tracer
compound. The results of the dye tracer study are provided in Section 4.4.3.3.
.
3.3.1.4 Background
Referring to Figure 3.3-2 and Tables 3.0-1 (under "Groundwater") and 3.2-2 through 3.2-5, two
groundwater monitoring wells were installed by others in 1995 (USBM) in apparent upgradient locations
(HBKG-I and HBKG-2). However, subsequent sampling and analysis of the water collected in the wells

indicated that the groundwater at these locations is apparently impacted by past mining-related activities.
(HBKG-I is situated within an area immediately west of tailings pile 1 with impacted groundwater, and
HBKG-2 was installed immediately west of an abandoned access road constructed of rock that may have
contained limited mineralization.) The ability to install additional upgradient wells was limited due to the
presence of the Glacier Peak Wilderness boundary and difficult access conditions for conventional
drilling equipment. Consequently, background groundwater quality sampling was accomplished on the
north side of Railroad Creek at well HV-3 (also shown as H-3), which is located topographically above
most of Holden Village and appears to be representative of background conditions.
The USBM also installed a groundwater monitoring well (CCBKG) near Copper Creek at the southwest
comer of tailings pile 2. This well was dry during the RI groundwater monitoring efforts and was not
sampled.
Since seeps are considered relatively representative of shallow groundwater, an attempt was made to
locate and sample seeps apparently upgradient of the Site. SP-26 was located, near the western limit of
apparent historical mining-related activity on the Site, and sampled. In May 1998, a sample was collected
at seep SP-27 (~igure 3.2-1) located farther up-valley. This seep is suspected to be meteoric in nature and
not reflective of groundwater. No other seeps were observed upgradient of the Site.
Lab analyte lists for these locations are similar to the Site analyte lists for groundwater and seeps,
respectively. The results of the laboratory analyses are presented in Section 5.4.2.2.
3.3.1.5 Lucerne Water-Supply Well
Referring to Figure 3.3-1 and Tables 3.0-1,3.2-2 and 3.2-4, water quality samples were collected from the
well associated with the potable water supply for the USFS guard station facility in Lucerne during both
the May and September 1997 sampling rounds. In both instances sufficient water was pumped to purge
the supply system and allow water quality parameters to stabilize. Samples were analyzed for the same
primary analyte list as site groundwater samples (aluminum, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium,
chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, silver, sodium, zinc, total
dissolved solids, total suspended solids, sulfate, alkalinity, hardness, and field parameters). The results of
the laboratory analyses are presented in Section 5.4.2.8.
3.3.1.6 Electromagnetic and Self Potential Geophysical Surveys
A subcontractor (Northwest Geophysical Associates, Inc.) to Dames & Moore completed an
electromagnetic (EM) survey of select areas across the Site in order to better characterize potential
pathways of near-surface, metals-containing water through the near surface soil. The SAP outlined a
program to utilize either EM or self-potential geophysical methods. EM survey methods were used based
on field conditions encountered and the relative success utilizing this method.
Referring to Figure 3.1-2 and Table 3.0-1 (under "Geophysical Survey Lines"), the EM survey was
completed in two primary areas: the western portion of the Site, or mine support area, and the area
immediately east of tailings pile 3, in an area where seeps were observed. The survey of the western
portion of the Site consisted of two se ic lines (EM-I and EM-2). The lines were located across an
affected area based on field pH and conducti % ity readings collected from seeps. The first line (EM-I) was
completed adjacent to Railroad Creek between the upstream most seep which appeared to contain
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elevated metals based on field screening methods, and the vehicle bridge north of the former mill facility.
The second EM line (EM-2) was completed in the western portion of the Site upslope from the valley
bottom and proceeded west to merge with the lower line.
The second area evaluated utilizing the EM survey methods was immediately east of tailings pile 3. The
EM line (EM-3) was nearly north-south in orientation, paralleling the seismic line E-E'. The results of the
EM survey are presented in Section 4.4.3.3 (under "Groundwater Flow in Native Materials" and
"Groundwater Flow in Western Portion of Site") and Appendix A.
3.3.1.7 Tailings Pile Surface Percolation Testing
Percolation tests were performed at three locations on tailings pile 2 to evaluate the infiltration rates of
water at the surface of the tailings piles. The three tests were located near or on seismic line C-C',
situated in a north-south direction west of the center of the tailings pile (Figure 3.3-2). One of the tests
was performed in the bottom of the surface water interceptor trench (installed by the USFS as part of the
tailings pile rehabilitation project) located in the southern portion of the tailings pile (DMTP-3). The
remaining two tests were conducted within the surface of the tailings piles (DMTP-1 and DMTP-2). Six-
inch-diameter steel pipes were placed vertically within the surface materials and falling head methods
were utilized. Constant head methods were 'not used due to difficulties in accessing a water supply
sufficient to provide a constant head. The results of the percolation tests completed by Dames & Moore
are presented in Section 4.4.3.1 under "Tailings Materials" and Appendix G. The results of percolation
tests completed by Hart Crowser in 1975 are presented 'in Appendix E.
3.4 TASK 4 - FLOCCULENT AND SEDIMENT
3.4.1 Railroad Creek and Lake Chelan Sediment
3.4.1.1 Railroad Creek i
Referring to Figures 3.4-1 and 3.4-2, the sediments within Railroad Creek have been evaluated by others
within the recent past (Johnson, et al, 1997; Huntamer, 1997; USGS, 1994). The data collected from
these studies were agreed upon by the Holden Mine RIIFS Technical Advisory Group to be sufficient and
of adequate data quality for use in RI characterization of Railroad Creek, and to preclude additional
sampling during the RI field programs.
3.4.1.2 Lake Chelan I
Sediment near the mouth of Railroad Creek, within Lake Chelan was evaluated by others in 1989
(Patmont, et al.).
Referring to Figures 3.0-1, 3.4-3 and 3.4-4, and Tables 3.0-1 (under "Sediment") and 3.2-5, sediment
samples were also collected by Parametrix, Inc., under subcontract to Dames & Moore in 1998 within the
Lucerne Bar portion of Lake Chelan, near the mouth of Railroad Creek, and at a reference location at
Stehekin (at the north end of Lake Chelan) to further evaluate sediment quality associated with sediment
transport from Railroad Creek. Twelve discrete samples (1-1 through 5-1) were collected at Lucerne Bar
(Figure 3.4-3). Seven of the samples were collected approximately 50 feet below the surface of the lake.
The remaining five samples were collected approximately 150 feet below the surface of the lake. The
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samples were collected utilizing either Van Veen or Eckrnan samplers deployed from a boat. A second
survey was conducted and a video of the surface of the bar was taken before sampling was completed in
order to determine the sampling locations. The locations of the sonar and video survey. as well as the
sampling locations, were civil surveyed using existing onshore features as references.
An additional six discrete sediment samples (1 through 4 and two duplicates) were collected near the
mouth of the Stehekin River near the community of Stehekin at the northern end of Lake Chelan (Figure
3.4-4). All of the samples were collected at a depth of approximately 50 feet below the surface of the
lake. A sonar survey was conducted prior to sampling in order to select the sampling locations. The
locations of the sampling stations were civil surveyed in the field.
All Lake Chelan sediment samples collected were analyzed for metals (aluminum, arsenic, cadmium,
copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc) and acid volatile sulfides (AVS), grain size, total organic carbon
(TOC), total solids, pH, and total volatile solids. The results of the laboratory analyses are presented in
Section 5.5.
3.4.2 portal Drainage and Railroad Creek Flocculent
Several samples of flocculent, which are not considered sediment, but assist in characterizing the Site
chemical'processes, were collected by Dames & Moore and others at select stations in Railroad Creek. In
addition, the USGS (1994) collected samples of sediment concentrate; the sampling method included the
collection of the sediment sample and screening of the larger materials. The concentrate samples were
analyzed for geochemical purposes but did not follow standard sediment sampling protocol. The results
of the laboratory analyses are presented in Section 5.6.
The collection of portal film samples from the portal drainage near the 1500-level main portal was added
to the field program at the request of the agencies during the RI (Figure 3.4-2). Samples were collected in
July and October 1997. In addition, flocculent was collected from the substrate within Railroad Creek at
three different locations between the area immediately upstream of the confluence with Copper Creek
(RC-9), at the northeastern corner of tailings pile 3 (RC-2), and approximately 114 mile downstream of
tailings pile 3 (RC-5) (Figures 3.2-1 and 3.4-2). The samples were collected to evaluate the chemistry of
the flocculent material and in order to assess the geochemical processes associated with the formation of
the material.
The samples were obtained from precipitate and flocculent that had coated streambed cobbles, and were
sampled by mechanically dislodging'the flocculentlprecipitate coating from the cobble into a sample jar.
After collection, the sample was allowed to settle and the water decanted from the sample jar. The
precipitate/flocculent was analyzed for total metals (aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium,
calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silver,
sodium, thallium, uranium, and zinc). The results of the laboratory analyses are presented in Section 5.6.
3.4.3 Railroad Creek Streambed .
Referring to Figures 3.4-1 and 3.9-1, the characterization of sediment in Railroad Creek was qualitatively
assessed at each aquatic habitat sampling station (see Section 3.9), and during the initial geomorphologic
survey of the creek. Observations included mapping dominant bed material (based on observation and
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Wolman pebble counts), occurrence and extent of iron flocculent and precipitate. sediment transport. and
sediment sources. The field findings are summarized in Sections 4.3.3.3 and 4.6.1.2.
Sampling and analysis of streambed sediment at the Site was not feasible because the dominant streambed
material was cobble and small boulder throughout the affected reach of Railroad Creek.
3.4.3.1 Railroad Creek Ferricrete Assessment
The main objective of the ferricrete assessment was to describe the extent, thickness and character of the
ferricrete along Railroad Creek, and develop a conceptual model of ferricrete formation and its effect on
the hydrologic/hydrogeologic regime. To achieve these objectives. field reconnaissance along the south
and north banks of Railroad Creek (in the vicinity of the tailings) was conducted during late September
and early October 1997. The channel and banks were inspected for conditions characteristic of ferricrete.
In addition, test pits were excavated into areas of observed ferricrete formation to assess the vertical and
lateral character of the deposits. Due to limited accessibility of the channel with mechanized excavation
equipment, two areas were chosen to excavate test pits: immediately east of tailings pile 1 and
immediately east of tailings pile 3.
During September 1997, four test pits were excavated by Cragg's Excavating under subcontract to Dames
& Moore (Figure 3.1-2 and Table 3.0-1 under "Subsurface/Surface Soil"). Three of the test pits
(DMTP3E-I, 2 and 3) were located in the high water channel or wetland floodplain of Railroad Creek,
just east of tailings pile 3. One test pit (DMTPIE-I) was located in the high water channel of Railroad
Creek about midway between the confluence of Copper Creek and the east end of tailings pile I. Each
test pit was photo-documented and described according to Unified Soil Classification System (USCS)
methods and with additional comments related to the observed hydrogeologic conditions. In addition,
partially cemented to cemented material was also encountered in trench DMTP3-4, which was excavated
into the side and base of tailings pile 3, in the same general area of the three other test pits. The field
findings are presented in Section 4.3.9.
3.5 TASK 5 - MILL BUILDING ASSESSMENT
Referring to Figures 3.1-2 and 3.1-3, and Table 3.0-1 (under "Feature/Arean), the mill site was assessed as
part of the RI.
3.5.1 USGS Assessment of Mill Building-Related Salts and Unprocessed Ore
Samples of the mill-related salts and unprocessed ore have been sampled by others in the recent past
(USGS, 1996 and 1997); seven samples were collected in 1995 and two samples were collected in 1996.
The results of the studies were agreed upon by the Holden Mine RIRS Technical Group to be sufficient
and of adequate data quality for use in RI characterization. Additional sampling of the salts and
unprocessed ore was not conducted during the RI. The data were evaluated in order to characterize the
environmental conditions in the mill building. The laboratory test results are presented in Section 5.4.3.2
under "Mill Building Drip Water."
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3.5.2 Asbestos Assessment
The partially salvaged mill building contains materials which are exposed and suspected to consist of
asbestos-containing materials. Three samples of the materials (AM 1 through AM3) were collected from
the mill structure. The samples were representative of both wall insulation materials and a coating on the
insulation. The sampling was conducted in general accordance with AHERA standards. The number of
samples was agreed upon by the Holden Mine RIIFS Technical Advisory Group to be sufficient for RI
characterization. The results of the laboratory analyses are presented in Section 5.8.
3.6 TASK 6 - MINE ASSESSMENT
Referring to Figure 3.0-3, the underground mine is situated south to southwest of the former mill building
in the area noted as Honeymoon Heights. Access to the underground mine was provided by eight portals.
Mine waste rock piles were generated during mine development; each of the piles is situated near the
mine portals. The aboveground and belowground elements of the mine were evaluated as part of the RI.
3.6.1 Review of Aboveground and Underground Mine Maps
Relatively detailed mine maps were developed during the operation of the mine and after the mine was
closed. The maps were reviewed to evaluate the presence and, extent of internal workings of the mine and
the potential pathways for groundwater migration, and to assess the options and safety considerations for
possible mine portal entry during the RI field program. The maps were also reviewed by both a mining
engineer and a miner who were subcontracted by Dames & Moore. The results of the assessment are
discussed in Section 4.1.3.1.
3.6.2 Field Assessment of Aboveground Features
3.6.2.1 Evaluation of Mine Openings and Related Features
Inventory of Aboveground Features
The primary aboveground features associated with the historic mining at the 1500-level of the mine and in
the Honeymoon Heighis were inventoried in the field. The inventory focused on the portal openings and
mine rock piles associated with the openings. The locations of the 1500-level openings were located by
civil survey. The portals in the Honeymoon Heights area were located utilizing Global Positioning
System (GPS) methods and aerial photographs of the Site: The results of the inventory are presented in
Section 4.1.2.8.
The ore body mined by Howe Sound and others is nearly vertical in orientation and is exposed at the
ground surface in the Honeymoon Heights area. Portions of the ore body were removed during the earlier
years (1938 to 1945) of underground mining. The surface expression of the ore body is evident in the
field. A reconnaissance of the area where the ore body is exposed at the ground surface was completed in
order to document areas where subsidence may have occurred and the potential for future subsidence. A
discussion of the methods employed to evaluate the mine subsidence potential was presented in Section
3.1.5. A discussion of the field findings is presented in Section 4.2.5.
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Assessment by Mining Consultant
The Draft RIIFS Work Plan included entry of the mine for sampling of the mine water and precipitates.
and to evaluate the structural integrity of the 1500-level tunnels. The possible mine entries were
determined to be the 1500- and 1100-level portals. However. due to worker safety issues related to
entering the mine, the underground mine maps were evaluated by a mining engineer, J.S. Knowlson &
Associates of Seattle, Washington, subcontracted by Dames & Moore. The evaluation also included
- additional map review and visits to the relevant portals by a Dames & Moore geologist and a mining
subcontractor (Atlas Fausett of Kellogg, Idaho). The results of the assessment have been incorporated
into Section 4.1.3.1.
3.7 TASK 7 - WINSTON HOME SITES ASSESSMENT
The Winston home sites area located west of Holden Village (Figures 3.0-3 and 3.1-5) included 103
houses which were demolished by the USFS. Fuel oil stored in both aboveground tanks (ASTs) and
underground storage tanks (USTs) were used to heat the houses. Some of the USTs remain as indicated
by the presence of apparent fill and vent pipes across the area. It is our understanding that the USFS had
not completed an inventory of USTs. Therefore, the scope of work included performing an inventory of
the tanks and a series of trackhoe-excavated test pits as discussed in Section 3.1-3.
The inventory of the USTs was based on the.presence of fill and vent pipes. The locations and types of
fill pipes, as well as the condition of the tanks (if observed) were documented, when possible, on a map of
-, the Site which included the surveyed locations of some of the remaining walls and other surface features
as references. The results of the inventory are presented in Section 4.1.2.6.
3.8 TASK 8 - FIELD SCREENING
Field screening was used extensively across the Site during each of the sampling events. Screening was
performed using a combination of field meters and qualitativelquantitative field chemistry tests.
Temperature, pH, specific conductance, and turbidity were measured and recorded in surface water,
groundwater, and seeps collected during the Phase I Rl.
In addition, oxidation/reduction potential and dissolved oxygen were added in May through July 1997 as
part of the Phase I Rl. During the Phase I RI, a qualitative chemical test for ferrous iron was performed
on groundwater and seep samples to aid in establishing significant changes in site chemistry based on
determination of a reducing or oxidizing environment. The colormetric test included adding a reagent to
a sample of seep and/or groundwater.
In addition to field measurements, field screening for pH and specific conductance was performed at
additional locations based on field observations. These locations were not specified in the SAP, but
included areas where water entered or potentially entered Railroad Creek that may result in a loading
source. Additional samples were collected if the field results indicated that the resulting water w~
affected by mine related activities (low pH andlor high specific conductivity) and/or the flow rate was
substantial. This resulted in several additional seep locations being identified on the Site for sampling
which were not presented in the SAP.
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The field screening data combined with the laboratory analytical data from the Phase I sampling round
was used to characterize areas of common chemistry on the Site. The field screening program for the
Phase I1 RI was reduced to pH, specific conductance, and temperature for all surface water, groundwater,
and seep samples due to the results of the Phase 1 RI. The value of continuing oxidationfreduction
potential, dissolved oxygen, and ferrous iron during Phase I1 sampling efforts was considered limited as
general chemical characteristics of the site were not expected to change and were documented during the
Phase I activities.
Turbidity and dissolved oxygen were measured during Phase I1 at stations RC-6. RC-2, and RC-3.
Dissolved oxygen was measured by a quantitative chemical field test that allowed immediate titration of
the sample and recording of the dissolved oxygen result. The results were compared to dissolved oxygen
results measured by a field meter used in previous sampling rounds. The results obtained from the
quantitative chemical field test were consistent with those obtained from the field meter.
The field screening results for each sample were evaluated with the associated laboratory analytical data
to more completely evaluate site chemistry and to assist in the development of remedial action objectives
(RAOs).
3.9 TASK 9 - ECOLOGICAL SURVEYS
Referring to Figures 3.9-1 and 3.9-2, the ecological surveys conducted during the RI were primarily
focused on aquatic communities; however, terrestrial communities were investigated to provide general
characterizations of these communities and assess the potential for various terrestrial species that inhabit
the Site. The surveys were designed to collect site-specific information for the ecological risk assessment
and identification of potential injuries to natural resources. The results of the ecological surveys are
presented in Section 4.6.
3.9.1 Aquatic Biota
3.9.1.1 Background
Aquatic communities in the vicinity of the Site have been generally described in response to indications
of impacts from mine activities. In particular, Pacific Northwest Laboratory (Battelle) investigated
habitat, benthic macroinvertebrate communities, and fish populations in Railroad Creek from October
1989 to April 1990. The investigations were conducted to describe "baseline" conditions prior to the
Railroad Creek habitat enhancement activities. The reclamation activities were intended to increase the
productivity of Railroad Creek and to reduce the potential for an occurrence of a catastrophic erosion
event.
The post reclamation aquatic biota monitoring plan recommended the sampling of aquatic biota during
1990, 199 1, 1992, and 1996 (PNL, 1992). Post-reclamation aquatic monitoring was conducted in 199 1 by
Pacific Northwest Laboratory (Battelle) and in 1992 the USFS. A formal report was prepared for the
1991 data collection; however, the 1992 efforts, which included benthic macroinvertebrate and fish
sampling (tissue and population data) were apparently not compiled in a formal or draft report. The 1992
data were received in various forms directly and indirectly from the USFS. A review of these data
indicated that descriptions of sampling methods, sample locations, areas sampled, etc., were insufficient
for adequately describing the 1992 results or comparing the results to the 1991 and 1997 results. As such,
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discussions of the 1992 data have not been included in this investigation. The following sections describe
specific sampling objectives and procedures designed io discern the causes of conditions in Railroad
Creek as they existed during the fall of 1997.
The general objectives of this program are to determine why fish and benthic, macroinvenebrate
populations in Railroad Creek downstream of the Site appear to be degraded relative to populations
evaluated upstream and to identify injuries to natural resources. The objectives of the ecological surveys
were to:
Distinguish between potential chemical and physical influences on the creek
Preliminarily identify potential exposure pathways
Identify where chemical exposures and adverse effects may have occurred
Quantify the magnitude of the effects of those exposures
Identify potentially affected resources
The specific hypotheses tested were:
There is no difference between populations of fish and benthos between potentially
affected and reference areas.
Differences observed between populations of fish and benthos in potentially affected and
reference areas are due to physical impacts.
Differences observed between populations of fish and benthos in potentially affected and .
reference areas are due to chemical impacts.
Sampling activities described herein were designed to test these hypotheses. The aquatic ecological
assessment program consists of two phases. Phase I included the identification of aquatic biota sampling
locations (reference and potentially affected) and investigation of the potential for rare, threatened, or
endangered species to inhabit the Holden Mine area or the Railroad Creek drainage. Phase I1 included the
collection of data necessary to address the objectives listed above. Additionally, a qualitative survey of
terrestrial species was conducted during Phase 11. The Phase I1 field program included: (1) assessing
aquatic habitat conditions of Railroad Creek and reference areas, (2) assessing the benthic
macroinvertebrate communities within Railroad Creek and reference areas, and (3) assessing fish
communities within Railroad Creek and reference areas.
3.9.1.2 Phase I
Phase I ecological tasks included the identification of aquatic sample locations and the preliminary
investigation of the,potential for threatened and endangered species to occur in the vicinity of the Site.
These tasks provided the basis for pursuing the Phase I1 field investigations.
Site Sample Locations Selection
In order to allow a comparison of historical and recent data, the 1997 aquatic biota sampling and habitat
analysis locations were selected as near as practically possible to the locations sampled by Pacific
Northwest Laboratory (PNL) during 1989 and 1991. The final selection of sampling locations was based
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on available and similar aquatic habitat. The selection of reference locations having habitats similar to
the potentially affected locations was also performed and is a critical component of the analysis.
Five aquatic sampling locations considered to be potentially affected by mine activities and two reference
locations were selected within Railroad Creek. These sampling locations are described in Section 4.6. ,
Reference Reach Selection
Three additional reference locations were identified within streams located outside the Railroad Creek
drainage area for comparison 'to habitat conditions in Railroad Creek downstream of the Site. The
selection process included review of existing literature, interviews with knowledgeable parties, the
development of key habitat variables, the analysis of candidate reaches. and final selection after a field
reconnaissance was completed. The results of the process are described in Section 4.6.
3.9.1.3 Phase II
Phase I1 aquatic biota field investigations were conducted during September and early-October 1997 and
consisted of habitat analysis, benthic macroinvertebrate sampling, and fish sampling.
Aquatic Habitat
Habitat quality influences benthic macroinvertebrate and fish communities within Railroad Creek
regardless of physical or chemical perturbations associated with the Holden Mine. Although it is
desirable to select sampling locations with similar or comparable habitat quality, not all habitat
components will be identical between sampling locations. Therefore, habitat analyses were conducted at
each sampling site to provide data as to the relative capability of reference and affected locations to
support benthic macroinvertebrate and fish communities in the absence of chemical perturbations.
Therefore, the intent of the habitat analyses was to investigate non-mine related factors potentially
limiting the establishment of benthic macroinvertebrate and fish communities.
Habitat analysis methodologies were employed to provide data for both qualitative and quantitative
assessment of benthic macroinvertebrate and fish habitat conditions at each of the sampling locations.
Macroinvertebrates are affected by a variety of habitat conditions including: substrate composition,
substrate embeddedness and cementing, and current velocity (Bjornn et al., 1977; Minshall, 1985; Platts
et al., 1983; Kiffney and Clements, 1996). Fish are also affected by these habitat conditions, in addition
to poollriffle and runlbend ratios, and bank stability conditions (Plafkin et al., 1989, and Rosgen, 1994).
To determine the physical habitat conditions at the aquatic biota sampling locations, procedures described
in the rapid bioassessment procedure guidance document, "In-stream Biological Monitoring Handbook -
For Wadable Streams in the Pacific Northwest" (EPA, 1993) were generally followed. Accordingly, the
following parameters for rifflelrun prevalent streams in the Pacific Northwest were assessed:
Bottom Substrate - percentage of bottom substrate that is fines
Instream Cover - percentage of the stream that provides stable fish habitat
Embeddedness - the degree to which boulders, rubble, or gravel are surrounded by fine
sediment indicating suitability of the stream substrate as habitat for benthic
macroinvertebrates and for fish spawning and egg incubation
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VelocityDepth - influences benthic macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages
Channel Shape - identifies dominance of undercut banks and/or overhanging vegetation
Width to Depth Ratio - ratio of the wetted channel width divided by the wetted channel
depth
Bank Vegetation Protection - indicates bank stability and potential sedimentation
Lower Bank Stability - identifies potential for detachment of soils from the lower
streambank and its potential movement into the stream
Disruptive Pressure - estimates the amount of plant biomass that remains in the vegetated
area immediately adjacent to the stream
Zone of Influence - estimates the extent of human influence within the area adjacent to
the stream
These parameters were qualitatively assessed at five transects established to represent equal subreaches
within each sampling location. The scores for each transect were then averaged for the parameter score
for a particular sampling location.
In addition to the rapid bioassessment procedures, coarse substrate composition was determined by
applying the pebble count method developed by Wolman (1954) at ten points along each transect within
each sampling location. At each point, a "pebble" was identified randomly. The intermediate axis of
each pebble was measured or estimated and recorded. Therefore, a total of 50 data on coarse substrate
was acquired from each sampling location.
Benthic Macroinvertebrates
Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled at all locations during September and early-October 1997.
Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected using a modified Hess (500-pm mesh) stream bottom sampler.
Eight replicate samples were collected from riffle areas at each location. All benthic macroinvertebrate
samples were preserved in 70 percent ethyl alcohol (ethanol) solution and transported to the laboratory for
processing, identification, and enumeration.
The following field information was also collected at each benthic macroinvertebrate sample location
whenever a sample was collected:
Semi-quantitative particle size characterization (percent sand, gravel, and cobble)
Current velocity
Water depth
Replicate location (a sketch depicting where replicates were collected within a given
sample location)
Benthic macroinvertebrates retained were identified to the lowest practical taxon using appropriate
taxonomic references and enumerated. A project-specific reference collection (vouchered reference
collection) was established in the event that identifications needed to be reconfirmed or in situations
where the taxonomic nomenclature changes or, for example, if there is a future need to separate a genus
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into three rather than two species. The reference collection of specimens identified is stored in 70 percent
ethanol and archived in the laboratory.
Fish
Both electrofishing and snorkeling were employed to estimate fish populations within Railroad creek and
those streams outside the Railroad Creek drainage where reference reaches were identified. Two of the
"non-Railroad Creek" reference locations were located in the Glacier Peak Wilderness and North
Cascades National Park, both of which are "restricted use" areas prohibiting the use of motorized vehicles
or equipment. Temporary permits were obtained to allow electrofishing at these locations during the R1.
In addition to providing information on fish populations within these streams. each method was
conducted to compare the two methods (see Appendix J) and provide indications as to the most efficient
and cost effective way to monitor fish populations inhabiting these streams.
Approximately 100 meters of stream at each sampling location was identified and isolated with block nets
for both electrofishing and snorkeling. Each stream segment sampled was as similar in habitat (e.g., pool:
riffle ratio, substrate, gradient, etc.) as practical. The length and average width (n=10) of each site was
measured and recorded and the boundaries marked. Each sampling location was photographed to
document stream conditions. Snorkeling was conducted first followed immediately by electrofishing.
Snorkeling was conducted by a two-person team that swam upstream through the sampling location.
Each snorkeler counted fish within approximately one half of the stream width. The snorkelers
communicated the number, species, and size of fish observed to a recorder standing near stream. A more
detailed description of the snorkeling survey can be found in Appendix J.
After the snorkeling survey was complete, a bank electrofishing unit consisting of a variable voltage
pulsator (VVP) supplied by a I 10-volt generator was used to capture fish within the isolated sampling
location. The VVP for the bank electrofishing unit was equipped to produce and monitor variable output
(i.e., watts, amps, and voltage) to accommodate variable conditions within the river (i.e., temperature,
conductivity, hardness, and total dissolved solids). The VVP output was monitored and controlled to
minimize adverse effects on fish. Voltage, watts, and amperage used to capture fish were recorded at
each location. Temperature and conductivity at each location was measured and recorded prior to
sampling.
At least two electrofishing passes were conducted at each location. The time required (effort) to complete
each pass was recorded. A third pass was conducted to provide a more accurate estimate of the trout
population if the number of trout (rainbow or cutthroat) collected during the first pass was less than 60
percent of the total trout collected during both the first and second pass. The "60 percent" was selected as
a criterion by which a sufficient number of fish were considered removed from the population during the
first pass to provide a noticeable reduction in the original population. This sufficient reduction, in turn,
was considered to provide a reasonable indication of the original population size. However, if the number
of trout collected during the first pass was greater than 60 percent of the total trout collected during both
the first and second pass, the results of the first and second pass were used to estimate population size.
Using data from three passes when sampling efficiency is less than 60 percent, provided additional
confidence in the population estimate.
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To the extent practical, electroshocking was conducted to cover all parts of the sampling area with the
objective of capturing the maximum possible number of fish from that sampling area. The length of time
spent (effort) electroshocking any sampling area depended on numerous water conditions at the location
including, but not' limited to, depth, temperature, conductivity, clarity, and velocity.
All captured fish were initially placed in a holding net during electroshocking passes. The net was
maintained outside the field of electrical influence. At the completion of each pass the fish collected were
transferred to large (5-30 gallon) containers for processing. The intent of this procedure was to process
the fish as quickly and efficiently as feasible to minimize stress to the captured fish.
All fish captured were identified to the lowest practical taxon, measured to the nearest millimeter (total
'length), and weighed to the nearest gram. All data were recorded on field notebooks. After all data for
each fish were recorded, the fish were returned to the stream.
3.9.1.4 Data Evaluation Procedures
The following sections provide descriptions of the procedures employed during the evaluation of benthic
macroinvertebrate and fish data collected during the field sampling phase.
Benthic Macroinvertebrates
Metrics appropriate for evaluating metals-impacted streams were used during the evaluation of the
benthic macroinvertebrate sampling results. These metrics are included in the Region 10 In-Stream
Biological Monitoring Handbook (EPA, 1993) and are as follows:
Taxa (species) richness
Ratio of scrapers to filtering collectors
Ratio of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Tricoptera (EPT) abundance to chironomid
abundance
Percent of contribution dominant taxon
EPT index
Community loss (similarity) index
Ratio of shredders to total number of individuals collected (applicability as determined
based on the presence of organic matter depositional locations noted in the field)
Although the Hilsonhoff Biotic Index is recommended by EPA (1993), this matrix is not appropriate for
metals-affected communities.
' Fish
/
In general, fish sampling by electrofishing was conducted to document fish species occurrence and
relative abundance. Relative abundance was determined by calculating population estimates of trout
(salmonids) present, where possible. Population estimates for trout for all reference locations were
calculated and compared with the corresponding trout population estimates at each individual sampling
location. Because of the low numbers of fish at each sampling location, length frequency histograms
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were not developed to ascertain the presence of specific age classes to judge presencelabsence of
recruitment, but were developed to compare with the size distribution from previous Railroad Creek
investigations.
Population estimates were calculated using the Seber LeCren two-pass removal method (Everhart et al..
1975). This method assumes constant sampling effort for both passes, the population sampled is closed
(i.e., no fish enter or exit the sample location during sampling), and that the chance of capture is equal for
all individual fish and remains constant from sample to sample. The Seber ~ e~ren two pass removal
method equation incorporates the number of fish collected during each pass as follows:
Where:
N
- population size
c I
- .
the number of fish captured in the first pass
c2 = the number of fish captured in the second pass
Certain situations arose requiring more that two passes to provide a more accurate estimate of the trout
population. Estimating populations with data from multiple (three or more) passes requires application of
linear regression analyses. When multiple passes are required, the Leslie Method (Everhart, 1975) was
used to estimate trout populations. This method is based on the understanding that the population at the
start of any pass (excluding the first pass) is equal to some original population less what has been caught
up to the beginning of that pass. This linear relationship implies that if catch-per-unit effort is plotted
against cumulative catch, up to that pass, the result will be a straight line with slope equal to catchability
and intercept equal to the original population times catchability (Everhart et al., 1975).
A third pass was conducted at 4 of the 8 locations electrofished. Only one location lent itself to the Leslie
method. The relationship between catch per unit effort and cumulative catch at this location was not
realistic (i.e., the slope of the regression w& 0.0002), therefore, the total catch (of the 3 passes) was
considered a reasonable estimate of the population. At two of the four locations, the third pass produced
no fish and, as such, the total catch (of the first two passes) was considered a reasonable estimate of the
population. At the remaining location, a third pass was conducted only because the first pass produced
fewer fish than the second pass. The third pass at this location also produced no fish and, as such, the
total catch (of the first two passes) was considered a reasonable estimate of the population.
In addition to calculating trout population numbers, several other parameters were quantified during this
investigation. These parameters include, as appropriate: .
Total number of species present
Total numbers of individuals in sample
Number of non-trout species present
Proportion of individuals as omnivores
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Proportion of individuals as top carnivores
Proportion of individuals as hybrids
Proportion of individuals with disease. tumors. fin damage, and skeletal anomalies
The data are presented in Section 4.6 in Table 4.6-3a.
Application of Obtained Information
As stated above, the hypotheses to be tested by this study are:
There is no difference between populations of fish and benthos between potentially
affected and reference areas.
Differences observed between populations of fish and benthos in potentially affected and
reference areas are due to physical impacts.
Differences observed between populations of fish and benthos in potentially affected and
reference areas are due to chemical impacts.
The first hypothesis will be tested directly by the rapid bioassessment protocol (RBP) data collected by
comparing the overall summary statistics generated by the RBPs for potentially impacted and reference
locations.
If the first hypothesis was rejected, the second hypothesis was tested by comparison of populations from
potentially impacted and reference areas that are of similar habitat quality. When populations were not
similar between physically similar reference and pbtentia~~y impacted areas, chemical conditions were
assumed to be.the cause of the observed population decline on site. However, if, for example, when it
was found that there were differences in population characteristics like dominance of "shredders" in
reference areas and dominance of "scrapers" on site, this suggested that physical conditions are
responsible for observed differences.
The third hypothesis was assumed to have been confirmed if both of the first two hypotheses were
rejected.
3.9.2 Terrestrial Biota
During the initial stages of the threatened and endangered species investigation, letters were sent to
several public agencies requesting information on special status plants and animals, and designated or
proposed critical habitat in the vicinity of the Site area. Information was received from the U.S. Fish &
Wildlife Service (USFWS), USFS, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), and
Washington Natural Heritage Program (WNHP). The latest inventories and database information from
the USFS, WDFW, and WDNH were reviewed before the field survey effort began in September.
Mallory Lenz, wildlife and plant biologist with the USFS (Chelan Ranger District), was the primary
contact for the most up to date information regarding status species in the Railroad Creek drainage and
surrounding areas.
Surveys were conducted from September 9 to 17, 1997, to assess habitat and observe wildlife at and
surrounding the Site. The general surveys were conducted daily, regardless, of the weather conditions.
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Habitat parameters recorded included plant community type, tree density and height, the presence of
snags, vertical diversity, and any wildlife signs.
Surveys for bats were also conducted where roosting habitat was available at the 1500-level main portal.
the 1500-level ventilator portal, and the 1100-level main portal. The 300-level portal was also open:
however, due to health and safety concerns related to access, the portal was not entered. The surveys
were designed to be qualitative, as outlined in the SAP and approved by the agencies. The bat surveys
were conducted from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. on warm, dry nights. Two observers sat at a single portal and
watched for bat activity. Only one portal was surveyed per night. The results of the survey efforts at this
location are discussed in Section 4.6.
3.10 TASK 10 - LABORATORY ANALYSIS AND QUALITY ASSURANCEIQUALITY
CONTROL
3.10.1 Laboratory Analysis Procedures and Quality AssurancelQuality Control
3.10.1.1 Geotechnical Laboratory Analysis
The data analysis presented in the following sections relied on the data presented by Hart-Crowser in their
1975 report and geotechnical samples collected by Dames and Moore in 1997. The laboratory analyses
completed by Dames & Moore geotechnical laboratory included grain size and moisture content.
Atterburg limits were not determined due to the absence of cohesive soils in the samples collected. Direct
shear testing was not conducted as noted in the SAP due to the inability to collect undisturbed samples in
the field.
3.10.1.2 Soil and Water Quality Analysis
Laboratory data was collected to satisfy the Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) presented in Section 5.0 of
the draft RI Work Plan (June 16, 1997). The rationale for the selection of the most appropriate laboratory
analytical methodologies for use during the RI were based on the risk based screening levels (RBSLs) for
the compounds of concern as shown in Table 5-2 of the draft RI Work Plan. The DQOs and RBSLs were
refined during each phase of the Ri. The refined DQOs and RBSLs were provided in the Phase I, 11, and
I11 QAPPs. The selection of analytical methodologies was based on achieving analytical method detection
limits (MDLs) and practical quantitation limits (PQLs) that were at or below the RBSLs.
A combination of methodologies from EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW846, Methods
for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, EP-60014-79-020, Standard Methods for the Examination of
Water and Wastewater, 18th edition, and Ecology methods were used in the analytical program. Sample
analyses were performed by Analytical Resources, Incorporated (AM) located in Seattle, Washington.
Low level mercury analysis was subcontracted by ARI to Brooks Rand Ltd. located in Seattle,
Washington. Low-level lead analyses were performed by Frontier Geosciences. in Seattle, Washington.
Specific laboratory methodologies that were used in each phase of the RI are provided in the associate&.
QAPPs. Modifications to methods were necessary to achieve MDLs and PQLs. During the course. of the
program, method revisions to the QAPP were made due to more significant matrix interferences than
originally anticipated. Method modifications and QAPP revisions were documented in the QAPP and in
memoranda with the agencies at the time of occurrence. Low-level detection limits were achieved to
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provide adequate data to cany forward into the decision processes for the FURS. A summary of the
methodology changes is provided in the following paragraphs in individual discussions per media.
The soil analytical plan was adapted to include analyses of ferricrete, flocculent, and portal film samples.
Samples were analyzed for metals by EPA SW846 methods. Sample preparation prior to analysis was
adjusted to account for the matrix. The ferricrete samples were crushed prior to analysis. The matrix was
treated as a solid sample and prepared accordingly. The flocculent samples were centrifuged to separate
the solid material from the water. An aliquot of solid material was then taken for analyses. The liquid
and solid fractions of the portal film samples were allowed to separate. The liquid portion was decanted
and the remaining film component was used for analysis. These procedures were documented in the
laboratory analytical data.
Surface water samples were analyzed for metals, conventional parameters, PCB's, and total petroleum
hydrocarbons by the methods previously described. In order to provide analytical data to achieve MDLs
and PQLs as low as or as near to the RBSLs as technologically possible, modifications to the standard
EPA methodologies were required. The modification for surface water metals analyses consisted of a 5:
fold concentration step to aid in achieving the detection limits below the surface water quality criteria. To
achieve the low level detection limit required to meet the chronic criteria for mercury, a specialized low
level draft method by EPA (1631) was employed during the Phase 1 RI. Mercury analyses was deleted
from the Phase I1 program based on the Phase I results. Evaluation of lead data from surface water
collected during the Phase I and Phase I1 RI indicated that a lower detection limit was necessary to
determine if lead concentrations in surface water were above or below chronic water quality criteria. The
method for lead in surface water was revised in the Phase 111 RI sample collection to low level EPA
Method (1 638). PCBs were analyzed during the Phase I by a modified EPA method to achieve the lowest
detection limits possible. Based on the Phase I results, PCB analyses were also deleted from the Phase 11
RI.
Groundwater and seep samples were analyzed for metals, conventional parameters, PCBs and total
petroleum hydrocarbons by the methods previously described. During the Phase I RI, it was determined
that the detection limits for metals provided in the QAPP were not achievable by the methods requested
due to total dissolved solids present in groundwater and seep samples. A revision to the metal analyses in
the QAPP was made to allow the majority of metals to be analyzed by ICP (EPA Method 60 10) instead of
ICPMS (EPA Method 200.8). The change in methodology was specifically for barium, chromium,
copper, manganese, nickel, and sodium. In the Phase I1 program, the 5-fold concentration step was also
eliminated for groundwater samples. Additional revisions were made to the Phase I QAPP in July due to
similar issues with the seep samples. Samples collected in July were analyzed for metals using ICP (EPA
601 0A) and graphite furnace analysis (GFAA EPA 7000 series) instead of ICPMS, with the exception of
uranium, in an effort to meet the PQLs requested in the QAPP. The methodology for groundwater
samples collected during the Phase I1 RI was revised to reflect the analytical plan provided for seep
samples in the Phase I1 QAPP.
Data validation reviews were performed by Dames & Moore chemists and reviewed by the QNQC
manager for all laboratory analyses for organic and inorganic analytical data packages received from ARI.
The following guidelines were used for data validation reviews of results for metals, PCBs, total
petroleum hydrocarbons, and conventional parameters for surface water, groundwater, soil, sediment,
ferricrete, flocculent, and portal film samples.
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Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste. SW846. USEPA. January 1995
"USEPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for
Inorganic Data Review," €PA 540/R-94-0 13, February 1994, where appropriate
"USEPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for
Organic Data Review," EPA 540/R-941012. February 1994, where appropriate
Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, EPA-60014-79-020. 1983
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th Edition, 1992
Ecology, Petroleum Hydrocarbon Methods, April 1992
Data validation was performed using QAIQC criteria specified for each method in addition to .the
evaluation of holding times, instrument calibrations, method blanks, field duplicates, and analyte
quantitation and reported detection limits. Data qualifiers were assigned using standard CLP definitions
and flags.
Two types of data validation reviews were performed for all data received from the laboratory. The types
of reviews are referred to as "standard" and "summary" in the data validation reports. The "standard"
review refers to conducting a data validation review which requires spot checking the laboratory's raw
data package and calculations in accordance with the Functional Data Validation Guidelines. A
"summary" data validation review refers to conducting reviews which involve evaluating only the data
summary and QAIQC summary sheets provided with all data packages. The "summary" reviews do not
involve spot checking raw data packages and calculations. "Standard" data validation reviews were
performed on all of the Phase I data and on I0 percent of the total number of samples collected per media
and per individual type of analyses on the Phase I1 data. A "summary" data validation review was
performed on the remainder of the Phase I1 and I11 data.
Data validation memoranda for all laboratory results were prepared for each analytical data package and
are provided in Appendix L.
In general, the laboratory data were acceptable except where flagged by individual data qualifiers that
modify the usefulness of the individual values. Specific data qualifiers that affect data quality are
discussed in the relevant soil, surface water, groundwater, and sediment discussions (Section 5.0).
3.10.1.3 Asbestos
Asbestos samples were collected of "exposed insulation" on the walls of the abandoned mill building as
described in the draft RI Work Plan (Section 5.6). The samples were analyzed using polarized light
microscopy to determine presence of or absence of asbestos by Electron Microscopy Services Laboratory
Inc. (EMSL) in Seattle, Washington.
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3.1 1 TASK 11 - DATA EVALUATION
3.1 1.1 GeologicaVGeotechnical Data
Following 'is a discussion of the geological/geotechnical engineering analysis of data collected in the
field. The results of the analysis are described in Section 4.2.4 of this report.
3.1 1.1.1 Seismic Analysis
Potential seismic hazards at the Site are soil liquefaction and seismic induced slope instability. The
seismic aspects of slope stability are addressed in the slope stability sections of the text. According to the
Uniform Building Code (1997) the Site is in a Seismic Zone 2B. .The UBC states that Seismic Zone 2B
has a seismic zone factor, Z, (or peak ground acceleration) of 0.2 g for an earthquake with a return period
of 475 years. An earthquake with this return period is commonly used as the design basis for structures
and earth slopes. A separate site-specific evaluation was performed to revise the estimated peak ground
acceleration for the Holden tailings pile locations to 0.18 g. An evaluation of the liquefaction potential of
the tailings material was conducted by the empirical method described by Seed, ldriss and Arango (1983).
The objective of this analysis was to determine the probability of site soils liquefying during a seismic
event based on the UBC criteria.
Historical seismic data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration were reviewed to
determine what seismic events had occurred in the area around the Site since its inception. This review
was performed to evaluate the ground acceleration levels to which the tailings piles have been subjected
since their completion. The largest seismic events were evaluated by the method described in Dames and
Moore report to the State of California (Dames & Moore, 1995).
3.11.1.2 Slope Stability Analysis
The objective of the analysis was to evaluate the probability of the slopes failing under static conditions
and during a seismic event. Slope stability analyses were conducted on the tailings pile slopes by the
pseudo-static method using the software Slope/%' Version 3 (commercially available) that is produced by
Geo-Slope International, Ltd. Slope/%' uses the limit equilibrium theory to solve for the factor of safety
of earth and rock slopes. The Spencer Method of Analysis was chosen as most appropriate for analyses
of the Site. Data from Dames and Moore's current investigation and other previous investigations at the
Site (Hart Crowser, 1975) were reviewed to determine appropriate engineering characteristics for the Site
soils, as well as groundwater levels and topography. The objective of the analysis was to determine the
factor of safety against sliding for the tailings slope. Typically, two-thirds of the peak ground
acceleration is used as the seismic coefficient in pseudo-static analysis.
3.1 1.2 Mine Subsidence Potential Analysis
The results of the geologic mapping efforts along the strike of the surface expression of the ore body m
the Honeymoon Heights area were analyzed to better define the mine subsidence potential. The analysis
utilized the underground mine maps in conjunction with the method+of Golder (1990), as presented by
Betourney (1 996), which is a specialized adaptation of the underground opening stability analysis method
developed by the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (Barten et al., 1974).
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3.11.3 Surface Water Data
3.11.3.1 Basin-wide Climatic Water Balance
A general basin-wide, climatic water balance or budget was developed for the entire Railroad Creek
watershed for use in analyzing flow characteristics and predicting minimum riprap sizing to protect the
lowermost portions of the tailings piles From erosion by Railroad Creek. The results of the basin-wide
water budget are discussed in Section 4.3.5.
3.1 1.3.2 Hydrologic Modeling
The results of the basin-wide climatic water balance were utilized to evaluate flood conditions in Railroad
Creek using HEC-I and HEC-2 (incorporated into a package for Windows called HEC-RAS) hydrologic
models. These models were developed by the Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering Center
(HEC) and have been in use for more than 20 years. Their use is accepted by government agencies
including FEMA and the USGS. HEC-I employs statistical meteorological and watershed characteristics
to develop flood estimates, and can be calibrated using actual flow data from the watershed. The Railroad
Creek HEC- 1 model was calibrated using flow data from the USGS Lucerne gage collected between 19 1 1
and 1946.
The HEC-2 model uses uniform flow assumptions (Mannings equation) to route water through prescribed
channel geometry to estimate water levels and velocities during flood events. The model uses channel
geometry data from field measured cross-sections, and then interpolates-between sections. Cross-sections
for Railroad Creek were measured in the field at 12 stations from RC-6 to RC-2 along the Site to
characterize the channel geometry. Values of roughness coefficients used by the model were estimated
from actual flow measurements in the field for each station. The results of the analyses are presented in
Section 4.3.6.
3.11.4 Groundwater Data
Techniques for groundwater data analysis are presented below. The results of the analyses are presented
in Section 4.4.
3.11.4.1 Groundwater Flow Net Analysis
Flow nets are graphical representations of groundwater flow systems. Flow nets are'constructed by
drawing lines of equal groundwater elevation (equipotential lines) and from those equipotential lines
drawing lines of anticipated groundwater flow. In cases where the permeable material through which
groundwater flows has the same hydraulic properties in all directions, flowlines are drawn perpendicular
to equipotential lines.
Flow nets were constructed based on groundwater elevation maps for the Site from May and September
1997. Hydraulic conductivity values from slug tests at site wells are used to provide ranges of values for
discharge calculations. The thickness of the zone providing water to Railroad Creek is estimated based
on evaluation of site water level measurements, boring logs, and geophysical data.
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3.11.4.2 Two-Dimensional Groundwater Modeling
Numerical groundwater modeling (i.e.. computer modeling) was not included in the RI. Hydraulic and
hydrologic conditions at the Site are highly variable, which results in inherent difficulties in obtaining
representative results using complex groundwater models.
3.11.4.3 Site-Specific Water Balance
In comparison to the basin-wide climatic water balance discussed in Section 3.1 1.3.1. a site-specific water
balance was completed to evaluate the magnitude and importance of water source inputs to Railroad
Creek in the vicinity of the Site. The potential sources of water analyzed on the Site included
precipitation runoff, tributary, inflow, and groundwater inflow. Groundwater inflow included flow
through the tailings piles, flow through the alluvial aquifer associated with Railroad Creek, and
groundwater inflow from the bedrock and mine workings.
The component source inflows were quantified within the accuracy of the available data, and compared
with baseflow gain in Railroad Creek for the MayIJune 1997 and September 1997 timeframes. Average
flow conditions were used or estimated for the source inflows and baseflow gain in Railroad Creek, and
storage effects were not directly quantified. Railroad Creek adjacent to the Site was subdivided into two
reaches: Reach 1 from station RC-I to RC-4, and Reach 2 from station RC-4 to RC-2. These reaches
represent unique hydrologic environments, with Reach 1 transitioning from background conditions to the
impacted portions of the Site, including the effects of the Portal Drainage and groundwater from the
western portion of the site, and Reach 2 representing conditions potentially impacted by the tailings piles.
Tlie site-specific water balance approach is to reference all of the water balance components to gain or
loss of water in Railroad Creek. Flow measurements made in Railroad Creek provide the most complete
and accurate measure of the flow of water from the Site. The water balance analysis was completed for
the period of May 1 5IJune 15, 1997, and September 1997 using flow data obtained during the respective
sampling periods. These two sampling periods represent the range of seasonal conditions observed
during 1997.
The results of the site-specific water balance are presented in Section 4.4.4.
3.12 TASK 12 - BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
The methods utilized for the Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessments are described in Section 7.0
of this report.
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TABLE 3.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
FeaturdAre~
1500-Level Main Portal
1500-Level Ventilator Portal
1 100-Level Portal
1000-Level Portal
800-Level Portal
700-Level Portal
550-Level Portal
300-Level Portal
Abandoned Septic Field
Abandoned Surface Water Re!
Baseball FieldlCampground
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
East Waste Rock Pile
Holden Village
Holden Village Septic Field
Honeymoon Heights
Hydroelectric Plant
Intermittent Drainage
Lagoon
Lucerne Bar
Lucerne Guard Station
Maintenance Yard
Mill Building
Mine Support and Waste Rock
Portal Museum
Sauna
Shop
Storage
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
USFS Guard Station
West Waste Rock Pile
Winston Home Sites
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
N/A
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
SE of Holden Vlllage
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Baseball FieldICampground
S. of Tailings Piles 1 8 2,
W. of Tailings Pile 1
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Holden Village
SE of Winston Home Sites
Honeymoon Heights
W. of Tailings Pile 1
Honeymoon Heights
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Lucerne
Lucerne
Maintenance Yard
Mill Building
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
NW of Tailings Pile 1
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
USFS Guard Station
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Winston Home Sites
Geophvsical Survev Llnes
A-A' NIA North of West Waste Rock Pile E.0-2.9, E.0-3.0
'01-01' NIA Tailings Pile 1 E.l-3.0
82-82' NIA East Waste Rock Pile E.l-3.1
C-C' NIA Tailings Pile 2 E.3-3.0, E.3-3.1
DD' NIA Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0, E.4-3.1
E-E' NIA East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0, E.53.1
E.0-3.0 Near southern boundary
0.7-3.0 Near western boundary
0.8-3.1
D.8-3.1
0.6-3.1
0.8-3.2
0.9-3.2
0.93.2
E.2-3.0 .
0.7-2.9
0.7-2.9, 0.8-2.9
E.l-3.1, E.l-3.2, E.2-3.0,
E.3-3.1
E.0-3.0, E.l-3.0
E.l-3.0, E.l-3.1
E.l-2.9, E.2-2.9
0.9-2.9, E.O-2.9
0.7-3.0. 3.1, 3.2; 0.8-3.0,
3.1, 3.2, 3.3: 0.93.0, 3.1,
3.2. 3.3
E.0-3.0
0.8-3.0, 0.8-3.1, 0.8-3.2,
0.8-3.3
E.0-2.9. E.O-3.0
H:Wolden\Drafl Final RI rpt\S-3\TaMes\mapkey3.xls
711 8/99 Page 1 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 3.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLlNGlDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019 . .
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
EM3-EM3
F-F
G-G'
Sem~le LocaNons
Groundwater Monltorlng Wells
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
HBKG-1
HBKG-2
CC-BKG
H-1
H-2
HV-31~3
DS-1
DS-2
TP1-1A
TPl-2A
TP1-2L
TPl-3A
TP1-3L
TP 1 -4A
TP1-4L
TP1-SA
TPl-6A
TP1-6L
PZ-1 A
PZ-1 B
PZ-1 C
PZ-2A
PZ-20
PZ-2C
PZ-3A
PZ9B
PZ9C
TP2-1 L
TP2-2L
TP2-4A
TP2-48
TP2-5A
TP2-58
TP2-6L
TP2-7NBS
TP2-8A
TP2-80
TP2-9L
TP2-1OL
TP2-11
TP2-11 L
TP3-4
H:Wolden\DraR Final RI rpt\S-3\Tables\mapkey3.xls
711 8/99
Western Mine Support Area D.8-2.9. D.0-3.0. D.9-2.9,
0.9-3.0. E.0-2.9
Western Mine Support Area D.8-3.0. D.9-3.0, E.0-3.0.
E.l-3.0
East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0. E.5-3.1
North of Tailings Piles 2 8 3 E.4-3.0
Between Tailings Piles 1 8 2 E.2-3.0. E.2-3.1
W. of Tailings Pile 1
E. of Baseball FieldICampgr.
SW Tailings Pile 2
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2 .
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Page 2 of 6
Potential background
Potential background
Background
Background
Downstream Wells:
Downslream Wells:
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 3.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
TP3-4L
TP3-5A
TP3-6A
TP3-6BL
TP3-7
TP3-8
TP3-9
TP3-10
TP3-1 OL
PZ-4A
PZ-4B
PZ-4C
PZ-SA
PZ-SB
PZ-SC
PZ-6A
PZ-68
PZ-6C
Lucerne Well
DMSS-1
DMSS-2
DMSS-3
DMSS-4
DMSS-5
DMSS-6
DMSS-7
DMSS-8
DMSS-9
DMSS-10
DMSS-11
DMSS-12
DMSS-13
DMSS-14
DMSS-15
DMSS-16
DMSS-17
DMSS-18
DMSS-19
DMSS-20
DMSS-21
DMSS-22
DMSS-23
DMSS-24
DMSS-25
DMSS-26
DMSS-27
Lagoon 6
Lagoon 2'
DMLGl
DMLG2
DMLG3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings ~ iie 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Lucerne
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Tailings Pile 1 ,
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Baseball Field
Wilderness Area
Wilderness Area
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lucerne Guard Station
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface mil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
HWolden\DraR Final RI rpt\S_3\Ta~les\mapkey3.xls
711 8199 Page 3 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 3.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Sutface Water
DMLG4
DMLG5
DMBGl
DMBG2
DMBG3
DMBG4
DMBG5
DMBG6
DMBG7
DMBGB
DMBG9
DMBGlO
DMBGll
DMBG12
DMBGl3
DMBG14
DMBGl5
DMBG16
DMBG17
DMBG18
DMBG19
DMTP1-2
DMTP1-3
DMTP1-4
DMTPlS-1
DMTPZ-1
DMTP2-2
DMTPZS-1
DMTP3-1
DMTP3-2
DMTP3-3
DMTP3-4
DMTP3S-1
DMTP3E-1
DMTP~E-2
DMTP3E-3
DMTP3E-4
DMTP3E-5
DMTP3E-6
DMTPW-1
DMTPW-2
DMTPW-3
DMTPW-4
DMTPW-5
DMTPW-6
DMTPW-7
RC-1 Railroad Creek
RC-1 North Bank Railroad Creek
RC-1 South Bank Railroad Creek
RC-2 Railroad Creek
RC-2 South Bank Railroad Creek
Lagoon
Lagoon
Approximately 1-mile West of Site
Holden Creek Drainage
Between Holden Creek 8 Hart Lake
East of Hart Lake
Between Hart Lake 8 Crown Point
Lyman Lakes
West of Hart Lake
West of Holden Creek
West of Big Creek
Copper Basin
Southwest of Site
South of Site
Near South Site Boundary
Near Holden Creek
Near Holden Creek
West of Site Boundary
Near Winston Home Sites
Northeast of Site
North of Holden Village
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1 '
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
H:Wolden\DraR Final RI rpf\S-3\Tables\mapkey3.xls
711 8199 Page 4 of 6
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
~ackground surface soil
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 3.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
f
Seeps
RC-3
RC-4
RC-4 South Bank
RG5
RC-5A
RC6.
RC6 North Bank
RC-7
RC-8
RC-8 North Bank
RC-10
RC-11
CC-1
CC-2
CC-D
CC-Dl
P- 1
P-5
HC-1
HC-2
HC-3
HC-4
Big-1
Tenmile Creek
A1
SP1
S P2
S P3
SP4
SP5
S P6
SP7
S P8
SP9 ,
SPlOW
SPlOE
SPll
SP12
SP13
SP14
SP15W
SP15E
SP16
SP17
SPl8
SP19
SP20
SP21
SP22
SP23
SP23B
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Near Seven Mile Creek
Upstream of Holden Creek ,
Copper Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
Copper Creek Diversion
Mine Support 8 Waste ~ dck
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Big Creek
Tenmile Creek
Honeymoon Heights
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
West Waste Rock Pile
West Waste Rock Pile
East waste Rock Pile
Between P-5 8 RG4
River Sauna
River Sauna
West of Vehicle Bridge
West of P-5
South of Holden Village
Honeymoon Heights
North of West Waste Rock Pile
North of West Waste Rock Pile
Lagoon
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1 (Near Copper Creek)
East of Tailings Pile 3
North of Maintenance Yard
Between RC-1 and P-5
Between RC-1 and P-5
Page 5 of 6
Portal Drainage11500 Main
Portal DrainagelRR Creek
D.B-3.1
1100 Level Portal
E.l-3.0
E.2-3.0
E.3-3.0
E.43.0
E.5-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.l-3.0
0.9-2.9
E.1-2.9
E.l-2.9
E.0-2.9
0.9-3.0
E.l-2.9, 3.0; E.2-2.9, 3.0 "Black Seep"
D.8-3.1
E.0-3.0
E.O-3.0
E.0-2.9
E.5-3.1
E.5-3.0
Bank sample
E.l-3.0
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 3.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
UOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Sediment - Lake Chelan
USGS Select Samples
USBM Select Samples
SP24 West of RC-4 E.0-2.9
SP25 Between Vehicle Bridge 8 RC4 E.0-2.9
SP26 Between RC-1 and RC-6 D.7-2.9
SP-27 Near Big Creek D-2
CC-Dl Copper Creek Diversion E.l-2.9
BKG 112
DG-1
TP1-2
. TP2-1
TP2-2
TP3-1
RC-2
H:Wolden\DraR Final RI rpt\S_3\TabIes\mapkey3,ds
711 8/99
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
Ten Mile Creek
€6-2.9
Railroad Creek near RC-2
E.5-3.0
Copper Creek Diversion
E.l-3.0
Railroad Creek at Vehicle Bridge E.0-2.9
East of Tailings Pile 3
E.5-3.0
Nine Mile Creek
F-3
Railroad Creek near Seven Mile Creek F-3
Seven Mile Creek
F-3
Railroad Creek at Lucerene
NIA
Holden Creek
0-2
Railroad Creek West of Site
D-2
Railroad Creek at Mile Post 7 G-3
Downstream of Vehicle Bridge E.O-2.9
Downstream of Tailings Pile 3 E.63.0
Adjacent to Tailings Pile1 E.l-3.0
Downstream of Copper Creek E.2-3.0
Adjacent to Tailings Pile 2 E.3-3.0
Adjacent to Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
At Railroad Creek RC-2 Station E.5-3.0
Page 6 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 3.1-1
ANALYTICAL PROGRAM FOR SURFACE 6 SUBSURFACE SOIL
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
Area Background
MedlalSample No.
Holden Village (Surface)
Baseball Fleld (Surface)
Wildernem Boundary (Sutface)
Maintenance Yard
(SubauIfacelSurface)
Lagoon (~ubsutface~~urface)
Talllngs Plle (Surface)
Talllngs Pile8 (Subrufice)
Windblown Talllngs (Surface)
bgs = below gmund surfsee
Panmeten
Locations
DMBG-1 through DMBGl9
DMSSl thmugh DMSS7
DMSS-25
DMSS-26. DMSS27
DMSS-8 through DMSS-10
(0-6' end 2 R bgs). Storage (6")
Lagoon 6" end Lagoon 2' -
Lagoon 6" and Lagoon 2'
DMLG1-2'. DMLG-1-4'
QMLG-24'. DMLG-24.
DMLG-2-7 112'. DMLG-3-2'.
DMLG-34'. DMLG4-2'.
DMLW. DMLG-5-2'.
DMLG-54'
DMSS11 through DMSS-19
DMTP1-2 through 4. DMTPZ-1
through -2. DMTPJ-1 thmugh 4
DMSSZO thtwgh DMSS24
Sampling
Frequency
06 1998
Sepl 1997
Oct 1997
Od 1997
Oct 1997
06 1997
Od 1998
Sept 1997
Metals imluded aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium. cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese. molybdenum. nickel.
potassium. silver, sodmm,.thaiIium, uranium, ztnc
" Metals induded cadmium. copper. end lead only.
Page 1 of 1
Geotechnkr,
lgg7 X
Od 1997
Tot., Met.ls.
X
X
X
X
X
X
Xu
X
X
X
Analytlcsl Pmgmm
TPH (Gasoline
, &we)
X
X
.
TPH (Diesel
R.nge)
X
X
X
PCBs
X
X
- -

TABLE 3.2-1
ANALYTICAL PROGRAM FOR SURFACE WATER (APRIL 1007)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 1 ~60~~05010
Panmeten
S
5
SURFACE WATER
RC-1
RC-2
RC-3
RC-4
RC-5
RC5
RC-7
RC-8
CCD
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
blptaa;
Total nteovernble and dissolved metals consist of Aluminum. Araenic. Barium. Beryllium. Cadmium. Calcium. Chmmium. Copper. Iron. Lead.
Magnesium. Manganese. Mercury. Nickel. Potassium. Selenium. Silver. Sodium. Thelium, and Zinc.
Samples were collected at each Reilmad Creek station in triplicate and labeled R-A. RCIB. RCIC. Only the first replicate (A) was analyzed
at each station with me exception of RC5 and RC-1, whem ell mree replicates were analyzed.
H:Wolden\Drafl Final RI rpt\S-3\TablesU-Z-l.rds
7 m
X
Flald Meamurnmanta lnorganlc Anal- Or~anic Analylea
-
t
Y
g ..
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
- 2 x

TABLE 5.2-1
ANALYnCAL PROGRAM FOR GROUNDWATER, SEEP AND SURFACE WATER (MAY - JUNE 1997)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES MOORE JOB NO. 176S3-006418
PZ-1 A
PZ.1 B
PZ-1C
P2.M
PZ.2B
PZ-2C
PZ-3A
PZ.38
PZ-3C
TP2dA
TPZdB
TP2-5A
TP2-5B
TP2.7NbS
TP24A
TP28B
TP2-11
TP2-1lL
TP3-4
TWL
TPW
TP36A
~rm-ea~
TPJ-7
TP38
TP3-9
TP3-10
TP3-1OL
PZdA
PZdB
PZdC
PZ.5A
PZSB
PZSC
PZBA
PZ8B
PZBC
Pthac
Lucerne Well
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
H:\HoldenW Final RI rphS_3\TablesU-2-2.rdl
7N88
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
x
X
X
X
X
X
X X X X ?
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X
X X X
X X X X X
x
x
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
x
x
Page 1 oi 2
X X X X X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

TABLE 3.2.2
ANALYnCAL PROORAM FOR GROUNDWATER. SEEP AND SURFACE WATER (MAY - JUNE 1997)
HOLOEN MINE RUFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 1789J006419
SP3
SP4
SP5
SW
SP7
SPB
SPB
SPIOW
SPIOE
SPII
SP12
SP13 (aaek&.p)
SP14
SPI5W
SP15E
SP18
SP17
SPl8 (Bank)
SPIB
SP20
SP2I
SP22
SP23
SP23B
SP24
SP25
CC-01
SURFACE WATER
RC-I
RC.1 Nonh Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-2
RC-2 Swtb Bank
RC-3
RCd
R C ~oum ~ h k
RC-5
RC-5A
RC-5
RC8NorLhBank
RC-7
RC-5
CC-I
CC-2
-
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X
X
X X X X X
X
X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X X X
X X X
X X X
X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X X
X
X X X X X X
X
X X X X X X
X
X X X X X X
X
X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X
X X X X X X X
X X X X X X X
P-I X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
P-5 X X X , X X X
Pdmsry ~ em~s consist of~~um~num. Barium. byllium. cadmium. Calcium. Chmmium. Copper. ~mn. Lead. Magnesium.
Manganese. Nickel. Potassium. Silver. Sodium. Z~nc
Supplemental Metal8 eonsist of Arsenic. Marsun. Molvbdanum. Selenium. Thallium Uranium .- -
roundwater wells wiUl an 'L" sumx are lyslmelen
Lter quality mplmng for Pnmay Anatfie Lost analysis aty. field parawn, and rnllsasd waawy May 18.1987 to Jun 18.1887
x x x x x x
x x x x x x
X X X X X X X X X
X X X X X X
X X

TABLE 1.24
ANALYnCAL PROGRAM FOR GROUNDWATER. SEEP AND SURFACE WATER (JULY 1997)
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 1769SWb0W
OROUNDWATE
HBKG-2
CC-BKG (dv)
HV-3
DS-1
DS-2
TP1-1A
TP1.ZA
TP1-2L
TP1.3A
TPl-3L
TP14A
TP14L
TPlSA
TP1.a
TP18L
PZ-1A
PZ-18
PZ-1C
PZ-ZA
PZ-20
PZ-2C
PZJA
PZJB
PZ-3c (dry)
TP24A
TP24B
TP2-5A
TP2-58
TP2-7NhS
TP2.W
TP24B
TPZ-11
TP2-1lL
TP34
TP34L
TP3-5A
TPWA
TPMBL
TP3-7
TP3.a
TP3.0
TP3-10
TP3-1OL
PZ4A
PZ4B
PZ4C
PZSA
PZSB
PZ-5C
PZBA
PZdB
PZSC
imG
I 1 (llOOPor(.l)
Lucemcl Well
x X X X X X X X
H:Wddsn\Dnm Final RI rpl\S-3\TablosU-2-3.rrl8
7 m
Page 1 of 2
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

TABLE 1.24
ANALYTICAL PROGRAM FOR GROUNDWATER, SEEP AND SURFACE WATER (JULY 1897)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 176B1606018
tinkc
Primary Melels wnsirl of Aluminum. Barium. Beryliium. Cadmium. Celdum. Chmmium. Copper. Imn. Laad. Magnesium.
Mengene-. Nlckel. Potassium. Silver. Sodium. Zinc
Supplemental Melals wnslrt of Anenic. Mereury. MdyWenum. Selenium. Thellium. Uranium
Gmundwatar wells with an 'La suT~x am lysimeten.
Papa 2 of 2

TABLE 3.2-4
ANALYllCAL PROGRAM FOR GROUNDWATER. SEEP AND SURFACE WATER (SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER 1697)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 1769WK)MIlB
PZ-18
PZ-1C
PZ.28
PZ-2C
PZ3A
PZ-38
PZJC (av)
TPZdA
TP2-48
TPZ-5A (dy)
-
TP2-50
TP2-7NaS
TP24A
TPZ-88
TPZ-11
TPJ-9 (dy)
TP34L
TP3-5A
TPJBA
TPJBBL
TP3-7
TP38
TP3-B
TP3-10
TP3-1OL
PZ4A
PZ-48
PZ4C
PZ.54
PZ-58
PZ-5c
PZBA
PZB8
PZSC
QmE
Lucsme Well
-
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
x
H:YloldsnUXB11 Final RI rpKS_3\TaDlaN24.rds
7 m
X
X
X
X
X X X X X
X X X X X
X
X
X X X X X
X X X X X
x x x x x
X
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
. X X X X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Page 1 d 2
-
X X X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

TABLE 3.24
ANALmCAL PROORAM FOR GROUNDWATER, SEEP AND SURFACE WATER (SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER 1W7)
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 176B3406-019
IIP1OP:
Plimary Metals consis! of Aluminum. Barium. Beryllium. Cadmium. CaUum. Chromium. Copper. Imn. Lead. Meprbaaium.
Mengarbase. Nickel. Potassium. Silver. Sodium. Zinc
Su~lmental Metals consist of Ansnic. Molybdenum. Thallium. Uranium
Gmundwaler wells wllh an 2" sufix are lyamsten.
H:\HoldenU)rafl Find RI rptS-3\TsblssU-24.xla
Note: ARenic and molybdenum data were acquimd fw RC11. CC-1. CC-2, and (he Rue- Smems.
712199
page2012 DAMES & MOORE

TABle 3.2d
--
ANALWlCAL PROORAM FOR GROUNDWATER SEEP. SURFACE WATER AND SEDIMENT (MAV 1W)
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES MOORE JOB NO. 176OUIOS010
-
Pa- In 1-e horpm* Aruh(..
y
-
0-
o u
OROUUDWATtR
nBKol i * I I
-ew-ll-
!
DS.2
rdu"p fu. 1
I 3 X
TPl-U X ! X
r m PR. 1
TP2-7NLS
TPZ-I l
rdflnp PO. 3
j
i
P24&
i
X
I
j
!
1
I
PZ48 ; ' , : 3
, I . . .
SEEP8
8P-I
i
j
1 j
I
w.2 I !
w4
SP.23
SP-27
CC.Dt
IIURFACE,WTER
.wmdn&
RCI
RC2
RC3
RCI
,
RC.5
RC4
RC7
. I i
I
RC-10
RGII
I
-
Lamua&
CC-1
CC-2
UGI
HC-2
HCJ
n u
eoEu@mm
P.1
P.5
lKosQ& I
BlQl
mlumumm
w.1
. .
SEDIMENT
1 1 ,
bum.
S!habh I
X
X
I
i
I
i
I
i
i
I
j
MMES L MWRE

SOURCE: USGS Topographic Map, State of Washington,
Scale 1:500,000, Compiled 196 1, Revised 1982
Scale in Miles
Figure 3.0-1
DAMES & MOORE LAKE CHELAN WATERSHED MAP
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Bonanza Peak i i Railroad Creek
j SOURCE: Walten et al., 1992 I i
USGS Chelan Quadmylee 1973
. .
... ;
i ....................................................................................................................... ................................ ............................ ! ............................................. -..- ...... -... ! ........... - ............... --- ............... - ............. . .
..........................................................
. .
!...... - ........... - ...... -.--
..... - ............... - ........! ......... .... -. ..... -.-- .......... - ............ ..........!.
A B C D E F G H I
DAMES & MOORE
A aAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 3.0-2
SITE VICINITY MAP
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

- Figure 3.0-3
DAMES & MOORE
HOLDEN MINE SITE MAP
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

....
A B C D E F G H
LEGEND
--- Existing Gravel Road
----- Existing Hiking Trail
(All Trails Not Shown)
8 Approximate Soil
DM BG 1 Sample Location
i SOURCE: Walters eta/., 1992
USGS Chelan Owdm$e 1973
... ; . ........................ .... !
............................................ ........................................................... ...................... .................................... j .............................................
A B C D E
Approximate Scale in Feet
Figure 3.1 -1
DAMES & MOORE AREA BACKGROUND SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE LOCATIONS
A DAME5 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Figure 3.1-2
DAMES & MOORE ! RI SOIL INVESTIGATION LOCATIONS
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Legend
3.0
DMLGS Number and approximate soil
8 sample location collected by
Dames & Moore, 1997 and 1998
SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR, DEM CD ROM
D-9
Main Portal
E.0
Holden
Village
............................................
............................................
I ; I
I ;
I i Figure 3.1 -3
MILL BUILDING AREA AND
DAMES & MOORE LAGOON SOIL SAMPLE LOCATIONS
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
I Draft Final RI Report

Fill (2)
Vent (1)
SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR, OEM CD ROM
I-- Fill (1)
Vent (1)
Approximate Limits of
Winston Home Sites Area
7
Vent (1)
Note: All locations are approximate and not
surveyed.
Figure 3.1-5
DAMES & MOORE WINSTON HOME SITES TANK INVENTORY
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Fill (2)
Fill (2)
Holden Mine RIFS
Draft Final RI Report

. . . . . . . . . . . .
--- Existing Gravel Road
----- Existing Hiking Trail
(All Trails Not Shown)
Scale in Miles
Figure 3.1 -6
RAILROAD CREEK
DAMES & MOORE POTENTIAL BORROW SOURCE STUDY AREAS MAP
A ~ AME~ a URE CROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-0 19
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR, DEM CD ROM
Scale in Feet
Figure 3.1-7
DAMES & MOORE RI GEOLOGIC HAZARDS ASSESSMENT LOCATIONS
A oAMEs 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY 0
Holden Mine RllFS
Job NO. 17693-005-019 Draft Final RI Report

D.7 0.8
SOURCE: &sa map inibnnabbn fnnn USFS and
~~ DNR, DEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A ~ I M O O R E G R O W C ~
Figure 3.2-2
RI HYDROLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS-SITE
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: WIteffi et a/., 1992
USGS Chelan Owdmngle, 1973
I
A aAMES &MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Railroad Creek
Watershed Boundary
0 2.5 5
Approximate Scale in Miles
Figure 3.3-1
RI HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION LOCATIONS
DAMES & MOORE RAILROAD CREEK
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

D.7 D.8
SOURCE: Base map mbm~ticm from USFS and
Wngton DNR OEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 3.3-2
RI HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION LOCATIONS--SITE
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
Figure 3.4-2
FLOCCULENT AND SEDIMENT SAMPLING LOCATIONS-SITE
ADAMES ~MOOREGROUPCOM%~N~ Holden Mine RllFS
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

Lake Chelan
A DAMES I MOORE GRWP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

i I
i
.4
i
,i
i
i\
i
'.\
i
\ \
i
I
/--/J
I-i
i J
i
i
i.7
'-L
'. \. -. I
-\
'-.
LEGEND
\.
\
\Z
-. \* -.
\i
j !
i.
'.
Refer to Figure 4.6-1 for i.---.\
Railroad Creek i
Aquatic Survey Locations i
SOURCE: Base map from USGS
.DAMES & MOORE
A ~ b M O O R E G R O U P C ~
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine Site
Approximate
Scale in Miles
BC-1 Number and approximate location of
aquatic sampling location
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
\.
i
i. Figure 3.9-2
STEHEKIN RIVER WATERSHEW
AQUATIC SAMPLING LOCATIONS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

4.1 PHYSICAL SETTING
4.0 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SITE
4.1.1 Geographic Setting and Topography
4.1.1.1 Lake Chelan Basin
Referring to Figure 4.1-1, the Lake Chelan basin is a glaciated valley situated in nortti-central Washington
State, on the east slope of the Cascade Mountains. The lake is the second deepest lake in the United
States, and the largest and deepest lake in Washington. The deepest portion of the lake is near its center;
the depth of the lake at this point based on sonar is 1,486 feet, or 453 meters. The length of the lake along
its principal axis is approximately 50 miles. During the summer months, the water level in the lake is
approximately 1,100 feet above sea level. The original elevation of the lake was reportedly raised 21 feet
in 1928 by a dam, which is still in place, at the southernmost end of the lake at the town of Chelan. There
are a number of tributaries entering the lake; the major drainages are Railroad Creek on the west, Prince
Creek on the east, and the Stehekin River on the north at the head of the lake. The elevations within the
u-shaped valley of the lake ranges from lake level to more than 8,000 feet above sea level (Darvill, 1996).
4.1.1.2 Railroad Creek Watershed
Referring to Figures 4.1-1 and 4.1-2, the Railroad Creek watershed is situated approximately three quarters
of the way up the west side of Lake Chelan. The watershed is generally oriented in an east-west direction, I
and is approximately 20 miles in length. The Railroad Creek drainage was also glacially carved and is'
generally u-shaped, with steep side slopes. The portion of the drainage near ~ ake Chelan is gently sloping .
at the mouth for approximately one-half mile, becoming relatively steep, with several waterfalls for the first
few miles. The drainage then transitions to a more moderate gradient past the Site. The western portion of
the drainage again steepens before reaching Lyman Lake and Lyman Glacier.
Topographic coverage of the Site and vicinity is indicated in the United States Geological Survey, 7.5
minute Quadrangle for Holden, Washington, dated 1944 &d corrected in 1968. The elevations within the
watershed range from the level of Lake Chelan to more than 9,500 feet above sea level (Bonanza Peak)
several miles west and north of Holden Village. Elevations of Railroad Creek range from 1,100 feet above
sea level at Lucerne, which is located on Lake Chelan, to 6,500 feet above sea level at the headwaters near
Lyman Glacier. The Site is situated approximately mid-way up the Railroad Creek drainage.
4.1.1.3 Holden Mine Site
The Site is located in Section 7, Township 31 North, Range 17 East in Chelan County. Referring to
Figure 4.1-3, most of the abandoned mine facilities and tailings are between the 3,200 and 3,400 feet above
sea level which is up to approximately 200 feet above Railroad Creek and Holden Village. The original
mine workings are situated above the main Site vicinity in the area noted as Honeymoon Heights, which
ranges in elevation up to approximately 4,600 feet above sea level.
G:\WPDATA\O05\REPORTSWOLDEN-2UUW-O-ODOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999;4:51 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

4.1.2 Site Surface Features
Referring to Figures 4.1-3 and 4.1-3a and Table 4.1 - 1, the Site has been divided into defined areas, based on
past and present uses, for discussion purposes.
4.1.2.1 Mill Building, Mine Support Area, and Waste Rock Piles
The mill building is located near the center of the Site on two patented mining claims (Lucille Millsite and
Copper Creek Millsite) deeded to Holden Village, Inc. ~efeiin~ to Figure 4.1-4, the mill building was '
constructed in a stair-step fashion down the slope from the 1500-level mine portal level (near the "Main
office, warehouse, machine shop, compressor room" noted on the figure) to the valley bottom,
approximately 200 feet below the portal elevation. The stair-step design allowed gravity to move the ore
through the processing from the "ore storage bin," through the milling process, and to the "loading bay" as
concentrate.
The method of metal extraction was a froth flotation treatment of the ore (McWilliams, 1958). The ore rock
was mixed with water and further crushed to pass through a 200-mesh screen. The resulting mud was
treated with pine oil reagents to coat the metallic minerals with a water repellent film. The sluny was then
agitated in tanks while air bubbles were added to pull the water-repellent complexes with them. This
process was repeated to separate the minerals. Recovery of copper and gold was reported in 1939 to be 94
and 81 to 83 percent, respectively (Pearse and Zanadvoroff). The extracted minerals were then transferred
to trucks for transport to Lucerne, where the concentrate was transferred to a barge for transport to the Town
of Chelan and then by rail to the City of Tacoma, Washington, approximately 175 miles west, for smelting
(Huttl, 1937).
Some of the components associated with the historic crushing and grinding of the ore, as well as portions of
concentration tanks, are still present. The mill building currently consists of concrete foundation walls and
the remnants of the original metal structure and walls. A portion of the structure and the majority of
equipment was apparently removed during the salvage operations (communications with Keith Anderson,
formerly of the USFS, 1996). Water seepage was observed during the spring months throughout portions of
the facility during the RI; the water appeared to originate from the southern foundation walls and flowed
generally north to the northwest corner of the building before exiting to a ston drain and eventually into the
lagoon feature northwest of the facility.
Due to safety considerations, the mill building was not entered during the RI. However, the perimeter of the
building was assessed. An estimated 10 cubic yards of unprocessed ore was observed in the uppermost
portion of the mill, in the area noted on Figure 4.1-4 as the "ore storage bin." Remnants of apparent
insulation were observed in the exposed walls of the building; the material appears to be a wood product.
The roof of the mill building was removed during the salvage operations and the area is, therefore,
uncovered. Indications of mineral salts were observed on the surfaces of the ore material and remnant
concentrate tanks, and mill foundation. A set of inclined tracks was observed along the western portion of
the building, likely associated with an inclined tramway. Water was noted flowing from the uppenost
portion of the building and down the tracks during the spring months. The source of the water appeared to
be the cut slope to the south of the building.
G:\WPDATA\OO5WEPORTSWOLDEN-2WW-O.DOC
17693-005-0 I9Uuly 19, 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Waste Rock Piles
Referring to Figures 4.1-3 and 4.1-3% two waste rock piles are present in the immediate proximity of the
abandoned mill building. One pile is located to the west and one to the east of the mill facility. The piles
are estimated to range between approximately 120 to 150 feet in height. The uppermost surfaces of the piles
are relatively level and near the same elevation as the mine portal. The slopes of the piles are relatively
steep, in some cases approaching 45 degrees. The majority of the two piles are located outside the boundary
of the patented mill site claims and are, therefore, on National Forest System (NFS) lands.
The surface of the western waste rock pile contains approximately 2,400 cubic yards of petroleum
hydrocarbon-affected soils reportedly associated with the removal of 12 USTs from Holden Village in 1994
(QUEST, 1996). The top of the western waste rock pile is being utilized by Holden Village as a "bone
yard," or for the storage of miscellaneous materials.
A relatively minor amount of water seepage was observed near the base of both the west and east waste rock
piles during the spring months. The water from the western pile flows overland for a short distance before
percolating into the ground surface. The seepage from the eastern rock pile flows into a surface water
diversion onto the surface of tailings pile 1, which drains eventually into the Copper Creek diversion (see
below under Hydroelectric Plant).
Portal Museum
Referring to Figures 4.1-3 and 4.1-34 the portal museum is present to the west of the abandoned mill
building, in a building that was constructed by Holden village after the closure of the mine facility. The
museum contains a collection of artifacts and information related to the past mine operations; the actual
mine records were transferred to the University of Washington library archives (Adarns, 1981).
Maintenance Yard and Buildings
Referring to Figures 4.1-3 and 4.1-34 several Holden Village equipment maintenance buildings are located
to the north of the mill building.within the patented millsite area. The wood buildings are used to store
equipment, parts, tools, and miscellaneous chemicals and lubricants associated with the equipment. The
principal "shop" building is an "A-frame" structure which was reportedly constructed by Holden Village
after the original building burned down in the early 1970s (personal communication with Warner Jansen,
former Holden Village Operations Manager, 1998). The principal equipment maintained on the Site
includes road grading, excavation, and transport vehicles. Electrical transformers, labeled as not containing
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), were observed outside the storage building. Fuels are stored in
aboveground storage tanks (ASTs). There is a general absence of vegetation in the maintenance yard area,
likely due to vehicle traffic, grading, and the compact nature of yard surface.
Holden Village completed a new building immediately to the east of the older shop building in 1998, which
is used for additional vehicle maintenance and water treatment for the village.
G:\WPDATA\OO5\REPORTSWOLDEN-Z\Rn4-O.DOC
17693-005-01 9Vuly 19. 1999;4:51 PM;DRAFT FMAL RI REPORT

Hydroelectric Plant
Electrical power for the primary operation of the mine was provided by a transmission line From a power
plant in Chelan (Adams, 1981). A hydroelectric power generation facility was developed by Holden Village
after the mine closed. Referring to Figures 4.1-3 and 4.1 -3a, the hydroelectric plant is located to the west of
tailings pile 1 and north of the boundary of the patented mill site claims. The water which drives the
generators is from a diversion of Copper Creek approximately one-half mile to the southeast of the
hydroelectric plant. The water coming out of the hydroelectric plant flows to the north through what is
noted herein as the Copper Creek Diversion to Railroad Creek, coming into partial contact with the western
niargin of tailings pile 1. The Copper Creek Diversion splits before entering Railroad Creek, with a small
portion of the drainage flowing into a concrete lined "dipping pool" located at one of the two sauna facilities
utilized by Holden Village; the second sauna is located in the village.
Lagoon
Referring to Figures 4.1-3 and 4.1-3% a feature .noted in historic documents as a "lagoon" is present to the
northwest of the abandoned mill facility, to the west of the road from the vehicle bridge. The lateral extent
of the area is estimated to be less than one-third of an acre. The lagoon feature collects water draining from
the west waste rock pile, mill, and maintenance yard areas. There is not a distinct outflow for the lagoon
feature; it appears that the lagoon generally drains through the subsurface, with an occasional overflow
through a small drainage to the northwest. The lagoon was observed during the RI to dry up in the later
summer months. There is a general absence of vegetation in the immediate area of the lagoon. However, it
is possible for wildlife to access the area.
Other Features in Mine Support Area
A series of walking trails and roads is present in the area of the mill building which allows physical access
to the mill area and the portal. However, a seasonal fence to limit human access to the abandoned mill
building was constructed along the southern boundary of the building in 1998 by Holden Village.
Organic municipal waste is composted in an area to the east of the maintenance yard, near the base of the
eastern waste rock pile. Municipal waste associated with the mining operations may have been incinerated..
Some non-burnable wastes from the mining operations, as well as municipal wastes associated with the
operation of Holden Village, were reportedly deposited in a pit excavated in the surface of tailings pile 1.
However, this practice was reportedly discontinued in 1989.
A water tank is present to the southeast of the mill facility. The water is transported via pipeline from the
diversion of Copper Creek located approximately one-half mile from the mill site. The water is utilized by
Holden Village residents. The water quality is monitored through regular sampling and analysis. The water
will be treated in the future by the new facility recently constructed in the maintenance yard area.
4.1.2.2 Tailings Piles
Referring to Figure 4.1-3, three tailings piles cover a total area of approximately 90 acres to the north and
east of the mill building. The piles were constructed from a mill tailings sluny which was transported to the
tailings piles via wooden pipes afler Railroad Creek was relocated (Figure 4.1-4a); the relocation of Railroad
G:\WPDATA\O05U1EPORTSWOLDEN-2W-O-ODOC
17693-005-019Vuly 19.1999;4:51 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

1
I , e
Creek was documented on a Howe Sound map dated 1937; however, the previous location of the streambed
in the area of tailings piles 2 and 3 is unknown. Each tailings pile was built by sequentially constructing a
perimeter dike, then discharging tailings slurry inside the perimeter dike (Figures 4.1-4 and 4.1-5). The dike
was constructed with "thickened" tailings, or waste rock material, recovered after mill processing, from
I
I
which the majority of the extremely fine-grained fraction had been removed. This material was relatively
angular and allowed for the construction of slopes in excess of 50 degrees (ORB, 1975).
. .,>
The slurry that was not thickened was placed behind the perimeter dikes. Solids settled from the slurry, and
water was discharged from concrete decant towers in the southern portion of the impoundment. The drains
from the bottoms of the decant towers flowed through the tailings piles to Railroad Creek. When an
impoundment filled with sediment, the process was repeated so that the piles were raised sequentially.
Deposition of tailings for tailings piles 1 and 2 below the 3,200-foot contour was accomplished by gravity
flow from the mill facility. However, beginning in 1942, tailings required pumping from an installation near
the southwest comer of tailings pile 2. The pumping method for deposition was reportedly utilized for the
portions of tailings piles 2 and 3 above the 3,200-foot contour.
A discussion of each of the tailings piles is presented hereafter. A discussion of the chemistry is presented
in Sections 5 and 6.
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings pile 1 is located to the northeast of the mill facility and is estimated to cover an area of 25 acres.
The pile is bounded to the north by Railroad Creek, to the east by Copper Creek, and to the south by the east
waste rock pile and a natural, conifer tree-covered slope which climbs to the south. The surface of tailings
pile 1 is generally covered with rounded gravel. However, the southeastern and northwestern portions of the
pile are uncovered. The areas are apparently not covered with gravel due to the relatively steep slope angles
and the inability of the gravel to remain in place.
The tailings pile area is partially covered with plots of coniferous trees, some of which were reportedly
established in the 1960s and are estimated to be more than 10 feet tali. Some of the plots have been irrigated
and fertilized by USFS Forest Sciences Laboratory personnel (communications with George Shearer, USFS,
1997). Portions of the surface are also covered with miscellaneous woody debris in an attempt to increase
the success of revegetation (PNL, 1992).
Several swales or ditches are present across the pile. The swales were installed in the surfaces of all three
piles to limit surface water infiltration as part of the reclamation efforts completed by the USFS in 1989
through 1991. The swales are lined with a permeable geofabric and relatively small "rip rap" (rock used to
protect areas from surface erosion). Some of the rip rap has decomposed to a coarse sand.
The northern and eastern margins of the pile have relatively steep slopes leading down to Railroad Creek.
Site maps provided by the USFS indicate the maximum height to be approximately 40 to 50 feet. The angle
near the top of slope was approximately 45 degrees, with isolated slope segments approaching vertical. The
remainder of the slope is estimated to be less than 40 degrees. The slopes not covered with gravel are
estimated to be in excess of 45 degrees. An organic matting with grass seed has been placed over portions
of the slope for erosion protection. Grasses are growing out of some of the mats.
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Water seepage emanates, in the spring, from the base of the northern and northwestern portions of the
tailings pile, near Railroad Creek. Cemented sand and gravel exists in the immediate area near the level of
Railroad Creek at the northwest comer of the pile.
A series of steel pipe monuments designed to protect the groundwater monitoring wells was noted across the
surface of the pile. The groundwater monitoring wells were reportedly installed by contractors to the USFS
during two separate events in 199 1 (PNL) and 1995 (USBM).
The remnant of a decant tower was observed in the southern portion of the pile, immediately east of the east
waste rock pile (Figure 4.1-5b. Grout was not observed and surface water was flowing into the feature
during spring snowmelt. Based on a review of construction drawings completed for the Forest Service
tailings rehabi~itation.~roject between 1989 and 1991, it appears that each tailings pile had decant towers
which were identified for filling with grout; however none of the drawing shows the apparent remnant of a
decant tower noted herein on tailings pile 1.
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings pile 2 is located to the east of tailings pile 1, and is estimated to be 45 acres in size. The pile is
bounded to the west by Copper Creek, to the north by Railroad Creek, and the east by a slope which leads to
tailings pile 3, and the south by a natural, conifer tree-covered slope which climbs to the south. The surface
of the pile is generally covered with rounded gravel. Relatively young coniferous vegetation are present on
the surface. Some grasses were reportedly drilled into the surface of the pile and growth appears to be
relatively successful; however, it is understood that fertilizers and lime are necessary to promote growth
(personal communication with Keith Anderson, formerly of the USFS, 1996). Some mature coniferous
trees are present near the edges of the tailings pile, near the top of the slopes leading to Copper Creek and
Railroad Creek; the trees apparently reseeded naturally. Portions of the surface are also covered with
miscellaneous woody debris in an attempt to increase the success of revegetation (PNL, 1991). Other
experimental test plots are also present.
Two interceptor ditches trend across the southern portion of the pile which drain mostly to the southeast
comer of the pile, eventually flowing into Railroad Creek after crossing the southern margin of tailings pile
3. Like the ditches on tailings pile 1, they are lined with a permeable geofabric and small rip rap; some of
the rip rap has decomposed to coarse sand. A series of steel pipe monuments associated with the
groundwater monitoring wells also exist across the surface of the pile.
The northwestern, northern and eastern margins of the pile have relatively steep slopes leading down to
Copper Creek and Railroad Creek. The maximum height is noted on Site maps to be approximately 120
feet. The maximum angle near the base of the slope is estimated to be in excess of 55 degrees near the
confluence of Railroad Creek and Copper Creek. The remainder of the slope is estimated to be on the order
of 40 to 45 degrees. The slopes steeper than 45 degree are generally not covered with gravel. An organic
matting with grass seed had been placed over portions of the slope. Grasses were observed growing out of
some of the mats.
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Tailings Pile 3
Tailings pile 3 is located to the east of tailings pile 2, and is estimated to be 22 acres in size. The pile is
bounded to the north by Railroad Creek, the east by a wetland area and trees, and to the south by a conifer
tree-covered slope which climbs to the south. The surface of the pile is generally covered with rounded
gravel. Areas of relatively young coniferous vegetation are present on the surface. Grasses were reportedly
drilled into the surface of the pile and are apparently relatively successful when augmented with fertilizers.
Mature coniferous trees are present near the northern edges of the tailings pile, near the top of the slope
leading to Railroad Creek; the trees apparently were reseeded naturally (personal communication with Keith
Anderson, 1996). Portions of the surface are covered with miscellaneous woody debris in an attempt to
increase the success of revegetation (PNL, 1991). Other experimental test plots are present which are being
studied by the USFS (personal communication with George Shearer, USFS, 1997). '
A series of steel pipe monuments associated with the groundwater monitoring wells exist across the surface
of the pile. An interceptor trench trends across the southern portion of the pile, which drains to the southeast
comer and then into Railroad Creek, after crossing through a small wetlands area. The trench is lined with a
permeable geofabric and small rip rap; some of the rip rap has decomposed to coarse sand:
An avalanche reportedly occurred during the winter of 199511996, which reached the southern margin of the
tailings pile (personal communication with Keith Anderson, formerly of the USFS, 1996). The source of
the avalanche was the relatively steep slope and drainage feature to the south of the tailings pile.
Springs are observed in the area to the east of the tailings pile, in the area of wetlands. Iron oxide staining is
evident in much of the wetland area. The water which drains from the wetlands flows along the southern
margin of the area and eventually into Railroad Creek.
4.1.2.3 Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek was assessed during the RI nearly continuously from an area several miles to the west of the
Glacier Peak Wilderness boundary, to the mouth of Railroad Creek at Lucerne; due to health and safety
concerns, the only portions of the creek bed not evaluated were a series of waterfalls near the mouth.
Referring to Figure 4.1-2 and based on the review of topographic maps, the stream gradient is moderate
from the base of Lyman Glacier to Lyman Lake before descending Crown Point Falls. The gradient of the
streambed is moderate as it enters Hart Lake, approximately four miles west of the Site. Near the Site, the
stream gradient lessens, continuing downstream of the Site. Several miles west of the mouth of the creek,
the stream gradient steepens, descending several waterfalls before flattening near the mouth.
Upstream of the Site, the creek is in a relatively pristine state; however, limited precipitation of apparent
iron oxides, which appeared to be naturally occurring, was observed on rocks within the stream bed.
Natural iron stain on stream pebbles is a common feature regardless of whether mining has occurred in a
drainage basin. The undersides of stable cobbles are usually not stained. It may be caused by slow
weathering of iron minerals in the rocks, by adsorption of dissolved iron from the water column or by
entrapment of natural iron flocculent by organic matter. The Site is situated in a watershed with naturally
occurring iron mineralization. A visit to Lyman Lake, located approximately 10 miles upstream of the Site,
disclosed the presence of naturally occurring iron cementation of the substrates of several small drainages
located on a glacial moraine deposit; the streams flow eventually into Railroad Creek.
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'7
~t the Site, approximately mid-way past tailings pile I, distinct iron precipitation is present along the
southern bank of the creek. Near the northeast comer of tailings pile 1, upstream of the confluence of
Railroad Creek with Copper Creek, the southern banks of the creek were observed to be cemented with
apparent iron oxide (ferricrete) and the iron precipitate appears to cover the majority of the substrate. The
presence of apparent uncemented and surficial iron precipitates was observed to continue past tailings pile 3,
but decreases to the east of the tailings pile. Approximately three miles downstream the iron precipitate on
the substrate of Railroad Creek diminished and no indications of cementation were noted. No indication of
significant oxidation andlor cementation was noted to the north of Railroad Creek. A more detailed
discussion of the Railroad Creek conditions is presented in Section 4.3.
Portions of the south bank of Railroad Creek upstream of the tailings piles and downstream of the portal
drainage confluence is covered with wood logs as erosion protection, the logs were apparently placed by
Howe Sound Company. In the immediate area of the tailings piles, the south bank is covered with riprap
placed during the rehabilitation completed by the USFS between 1989 and 1991. Wood cribbing had
reportedly been originally placed along the creek by Howe Sound Company as scour protection, but the
wood had apparently decomposed over time. The condition of the riprap is discussed in more detail in
Section 4.2.7 of this report.
4.1.2.4 Copper Creek
Referring to Figures 4.1-2, 4.1-3, and 4.1-3% Copper Creek drains from Copper Basin to the south of the
Site. The Copper Creek streambed eventually crosses under the road which connects tailings pile 1 and
tailings pile 2 through several metal culverts. The creek does'not appear to come into contact with mine
related materials until it flows through the culvert and then between tailings piles 1 and 2. The creek was
lined with a permeable geotextile material and rip rap as part of the reclamation efforts completed by PNL
and CH2M Hill between 1989 and 1991. A more detailed discussion of Copper Creek conditions is
presented in Section 4.3.3.4.
4.1.2.5 Holden Village
Referring to Figures 4.1-3
e9
and 4.1-34 Holden Village is currently operated under a Special Use Permit from
the USFS. The facili 1s utilized as an interdenominational church retreat. All of the buildings in the
, village are located on property. The village includes approximately 25 buildings which were built in
the late 1930s. The bu~ ding uses presently include, but are not limited to, a school and associated play area,
cafeteria, housing for the hll-time residents, dorm housing for the visitors and seasonal volunteer staff, a
meeting room, library, art studio, and store.
Holden Village has approximately 50 to 60 year-round residents. In addition, the facility accommodates as
many as 400 visitors and volunteer staff daily between midJune through the end of September.
An abandoned septic field is present to the southeast of the village school parking lot; the remnants of the
septic field, primarily mounds and pipes, were observed in a meadow amongst the forested area between the
confluence of Railroad Creek and Copper Creek, and the road to Lucerne. The septic field was moved
during the period of the mine tailings rehabilitation (1989 to 1991) to an area immediately southeast of the
abandoned Winston home sites.
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The road from the village to Lucerne was constructed in the late 1930s and is maintained by the USFS. The
road is utilized several times daily by buses operated by the village during the summer months. During the
winter months, snow removal is performed by Holden Village until impractical; snow cats are then utilized
until snow melt occurs.
4.1.2.6 Winston Home Sites
.. .
Summary of Historical Information
Referring to Figures 4.1-3 and 4.1-3a, the Winston home sites area reportedly included 103 single-family
residences which were constructed to house families of the mining employees (Adams, 1981). The houses
were wood-frame construction with concrete andlor stone foundations. The houses are assumed to have
been heated with fuel oil. The fbel was evidently stored in a combination of aboveground storage tanks
(ASTs) and underground storage tanks (USTs). The houses were demolished by the USFS but the tanks
were not removed.
Records regarding the status of the tanks at the time that the mine closed were not found in the files
reviewed. A qualitative assessment of the amount of fuel remaining in the tanks at the time of mine closure
was, therefore, completed. Based on the review of historical records, the mine closed in July 1957. The
tanks were most likely not filled in spring 1957 leading up to the mine closure, and were more likely
partially emply if not nearly so at the time that the homes were vacated. .
An interview with a volunteer at Holden Village, who had been volunteering at the village since the 1960s,
disclosed that he had been personally involved in the pumping of at least some of the tanks in Winston in
the 1960s to provide fuel oil for the village (personal communication with Mark Bjorkie, 1997). The
interviewee noted that it made logical sense that the tanks would have been pumped considering the
logistical challenges of h-ansporting fuel to the village by barge and truck. He also reported that all of the
tanks had been located adjacent to the streets on which the houses were situated, and were relatively easily
accessible to the fuel trucks for both filling and pumping.
Inventory of Tanks
An inventory of the tanks in the Winston area was completed as part of the RI. The inventory was
completed on October 4, 1997, and consisted of a visual reconnaissance of the area during which the
locations of apparent tanks, vent pipes, and fill pipes were documented on an AutoCAD map of the Site,
which included the Winston area. The map included the surveyed locations of walls and some of the
foundation elements which were visible at the time of the civil survey completed by the USFS in 1989.
The results of the reconnaissance disclosed that the Winston area is currently covered with grasses and a
combination of deciduous and coniferous trees. The remnants of some of the foundation elements can still
be observed. Refemng to Figure 4.1-5% a number of metal pipes were observed protruding From the ground
surface. Upon closer examination, the pipes were found to be associated with USTs.
The pipes were of two primary types: one which had a u-shaped, open end, which was interpreted to be a
vent pipe; and a second type which normally was a larger-diameter and had a screw cap, which was
interpreted to be a fill pipe. The pipes were all located near the remnants of the Winston pre-existing street
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system delineated by ditches and retaining walls for yards and foundations. In some cases, metal tanks were
observed partially exposed, in which case the vent and fill pipe connections were visible. The exposed
USTs exposed were generally found to be cylinders measuring on the order of 2 feet in diameter and 3 feet
long. The partially exposed USTs were found with the axis of the cylinders parallel to the ground surface.
The partially exposed tanks were observed with the vent and fill pipes at opposite ends of the tanks. The
thickness of the tank walls was noted to be approximately 118 inch.
Figure 4.1-5a displays the results of the tank inventory, including the approximate locations of the tanks; in
most cases the locations of the tanks were based on the presence of vent and/or fill pipes. Other
observations noted during the invkntory are also documented on the figure. However, due to the presence of
vegetative ground cover, the inventory should not be considered all inclusive. In addition, it was found that
some of the vent and/or fill pipes associated with the tanks had apparently been damaged and/or removed
during the demolition of the houses.
An odor of apparent petroleum hydrocarbons was noted at several of the vent and/or fill pipes. However, no
indications of stressed vegetation and/or spilled fuel product was noted on the ground surface surrounding
the tanks. One of the tanks was observed with a hole created as a result of rust. The tank had filled with
water; however, no indications of a sheen andlor petroleum hydrocarbons odor were noted.
Two apparent ASTs were also noted in the Winston area. The ASTs were noted to be cylindrical metal
tanks with the fill pipes at one end and a vent near the center of the tank. The drain line was noted at the
bottom of the tanks.
Assuming one pair of vent and fill pipes per tank, a total of 38 USTs and 2 ASTs were documented. It is
likely that each house had more than one tank for fuel storage. It is also possible that additional USTs are
present which were not inventoried due to vent and/or fill pipes which had been broken off. However, it is
also possible that a majority of tanks have been inventoried, and that the remainder of the tanks were instead
ASTs.
Based on the interview with the o olden Village volunteer (personal communication with Mark Bjorkie,
Holden Village volunteer, 1997), it appears that the fuel used in the houses was diesel range petroleum
hydrocarbons. The characteristics of the diesel product are such that it is normally possible to utilize the
fuel in cold weather without insulation or auxiliary heating to decrease viscosity. Consequently, it is
possible that the remainder of the homes utilized ASTs versus USTs.
4.1.2.7 Baseball Field and Campground
Referring to Figure 4.1-3, a baseball field exists approximately one-half mile to the west of the village, and
is utilized intermittently throughout the summer months by Holden Village. The field appears to have been
constructed by Howe Sound utilizing soil removed from a cut slope immediately north of the field. The
entire area is mostly covered with grass vegetation. The Glacier Peak Wilderness boundary is located
several hundred yards west of the baseball field. Hiking trails leading to the wilderness area originate to the
north of the field. It is suspected that the trail was constructed atop portions of an abandoned roadbed
utilized to gain access to mine workings and/or mineral claims upstream of the Site. The baseball field is
bounded to the south by Railroad Creek, and the east by a campground.
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The campground is used by backpackers and visitors to the area. An abandoned road and bridge crossing,
which likely provided access to the mill area and Honeymoon Heights, exists to the southeast of the
campground. Based on field observations, it appears that waste rock may have been used as road ballast
during the road construction. No distressed vegetation was observed in the area. A monitoring well
(HBKG-2) was observed adjacent to the road.
4.1.2.8 Honeymoon Heights
Referring to Figure 4.1-3, the Honeymoon Heights area is situated to the south and west of the mill building
and tailings piles. The area consists of six mine portals, starting from the lower levels and progressing
upward, at the 1 100, 1000, 800,700,550, and 300 levels. These mine portals were apparently not used after
the main access and ventilator tunnels were established at the 1500 level in 1937 by Howe Sound Company.
Mine rock piles are associated with all of the mine portals. The Honeymoon Heights mine workings were
apparently not utilized for fill-scale ore removal and transport, but, primarily for exploratory purposes. The
total quantity of waste rock at the portals of these workings appears to be significantly less than for either
the west or eait waste rock piles near the abandoned mill facility.
An abandoned road generally connects the rock piles in the Honeymoon Heights area with the road that runs
to the 1500-level main mine portal; the road is maintained as a hiking trail by Holden Village. A system of
mostly abandoned trails, apparently utilized by the miners, exists throughout the area to access the different
mine portals.
An abandoned mining camp is situated near the 1 100-level portal; several decomposed wood buildings and
stone foundations remain in the area. Isolated remnants of the mining operations dating back to the late
1800s and early 1900s in the areas of the mine openings, including metal tracks for ore cars, cables
associated with a pre-existing tram system which connected the 1100 level to a location near the existing
ballfield area, a water storage tank, and other miscellaneous items were observed. Several other shallow
mine workings are present southwest of the abandoned Honeymoon Heights village and are documented to
not be associated with Howe Sound Company; the workings were established by a former associate of J.H.
Holden by the hame of Patterson; the workings are not connected to the Holden Mine underground network
(Adams, 1981). Several exploratory adits exist along the strike of the ore body exposed at the surface; all of
these workings are shallow, exploratory in nature, and are not connected to the underground mine system.
4.1.3 Site Subsurface Features I
4.1.3.1 Underground Mine Workings
Due to safety concerns, the underground mine was not physically accessed during the RI. However, an
assessment of the mine maps generated during and after the mine operation was conducted. The dates of the
mine maps ranged from as early as 1908 to 1957, at the time of closure.
The maps indicated a total of 14 primary mine levels, and approximately the same number of secondary
levels. Referling to Figure 4.1-5b, two cross-sections have been developed through the underground mine;
cross-section H-H' is parallel to the strike of the ore body, and cross-section I-I' is perpendicular to the strike
of the ore body. Figure 4.1-5c displays Section H-H' and shows the extent and condition of the underground
mined openings; or "stapes," as well as the geology described in Section 4.2.3.2. Figure 4.1-5d displays
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'

Section I-I' and shows the six tunnels which accessed the ore body and stopes. The levels of the mine were
numbered based on the approximate elevation below an exposure of the ore body outcrop shown on Figure
4.1-5b; in other words, the exposure of the ore body is the hypothetical "0" level, with the 300-level being
300 feet lower, the 550-level being 550 feet lower, and so on to the 2500-level. The northing and easting
grid system noted on the maps were established utilizing the general strike of the ore body as the northing
line.
The six levels of the mine with portals to the surface, as well as the most laterally extensive lower level
(2325), depicted on Figures 4.1-5c and 4.1-5d, were digitized utilizing the underground mine maps
provided. Figure 4.1-5b shows all seven levels with the associated stopes and mine workings superimposed.
However, Figures 4.1-6 through 4.1 - 13 show the extent of each individual mine level (300, 550, 700, 800,
1000, 1 100, 1500, and 2325, respectively.
The map utilized to generate Figure 4.1-5c displayed the dates of mining for each of the stopes. The upper
workings (300-, 550-, and 700-levels) (Figures 4.1-6 through 4.1-8) were apparently developed during the
early periods of the exploratory efforts. The lower workings (800-, 1000-, and I 100-levels) (Figures 4.1-9
through 4.1- 1 1) were developed during the period from approximately 1920 until 1937, and included several
miles of tunnels. This corresponds to the relatively larger sizes of mine rock piles associated with the lower
workings. All of the portals, except for the 300 level, were timbered.
When Howe Sound purchased the mine, they increased access to the underground mine workings by
installing a primary tunnel at the 1500 level. Referring to Figures 4.1-5b and 4.1-12, the opening to this
tunnel was constructed near and to the west of the uppermost level of the mill building. The tunnel was
initially installed by timber supporting the approximately 60 to 70 feet of glacial soil encountered at the
portal. The remainder of the tunnel was drilled and blasted with limited rock bolt support to intersect the ore
body approximately 2,500 feet to the southwest. A track was placed on the floor of the tunnel to allow the
use of ore cars which transported the non-mineralized rock to the west and east waste rock piles. The tunnel
was driven at an incline of approximately one-half percent to take advantage of gravity when the ore cars
were filled in the mine (McWilliarns, 1958).
Once the ore body was intersected, the tunnel turned and continued to the northwest approximately another
2,500 feet before daylighting out to the west at the 1500-level ventilator portal (Figure 4.1-12). The maps
indicate that the last approximately 300 feet of the tunnel was timbered through glacial soil. This tunnel was
utilized to provide ventilation throughout the mine. Air was piped in through the 1500-level main portal and
then exhausted through the 1500-level ventilator portal; an 8-foot-diameter fan was originally installed in
the opening (Edrnond, 1972). Based on a civil survey completed as part of the RI, the ventilator portal was
found to be approximately 20 feet higher than the 1500-level main portal. This indicates that the one-half
percent grade continues for the entire length of the tunnel from the 1500-level main portal.
The majority of the mine tunnels at the different levels were generally constructed outside the ore body,
within the surrounding rock which, based on the mine maps, had relatively low concentrations of economic
minerals. The rock removed during the construction of the tunnels, after the 1500-level main tunnel was
completed, was generally placed in two piles developed to the west and east of the mill. The tunnels within
rock were constructed without timber support; however, rock bolts were utilized where necessary. The
1500-level was utilized to explore the lateral extent of.the ore body; the maps reviewed indicate that the
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tunnel which starts at the ventilator portal extends approximately 13,200 feet to the southeast; the tunnel
does not daylight and, based on a review of both underground mine and topographic maps, there is at least
800 feet of bedrock cover for the entire length of the tunnel. Figure 4.1-12 only displays the portion of the
1500-level tunnel which was noted on the maps to contain mineable concentrations of the economic metals.
The ore was removed by a process described as a "modified form of sublevel stoping" (McWilliams, 1958).
The ore body was drilled from the tunnels, or drifts, installed parallel to the ore body. A series of ore chutes
were constructed in the rock to connect the ore body with the primary tunnels below the chutes. The rock
was then blasted and the broken rock removed utilizing ore cars which transported the ore to the mill
through the 1500-level main tunnel. The openings developed in the ore rock are known as stopes. The
width of the stopes was limited to the width of the ore body, which was approximately 80 feet. The height
of the stopes varied throughout the mine. As the mining proceeded, the stopes were enlarged as much as
practicably possible in order to take advantage of the fall to break the rock after it had been blasted.
Referring to Figure 4.2-14, which is oriented parallel to the ore body, the largest of the stopes are located
above the 1500-level, and is noted to be approximately 600 feet in height.
Figure 4.1-5c also shows that the different levels of the mine above the 1500-level were connected by a
series of inclines, two shafts, and air passage ways. As the mining proceeded below the 1500-level, the ore
had to be removed utilizing one of two shafts. Sumps were installed in each of the shafts to pump water
during operation. The pumps ,are noted in mine specifications to be 600 gallons per minute capacity
(McWilliams, 19'58); no records of actual pumping rates were discovered. An interview with a mining
I
engineer who was en~ployed at the mine for the entire period of operation, indicated that the majority of the
mine water originated from diffuse sources above the 1500-level. The water from above the 1500-level was
intercepted, when possible, to the drainage trench in the floor of the 1500-level tunnel (personal
communication with John Blye, 1997).
The mining extended below the 1500-level to the 2500-level, which is approximately 800 feet below the
floor of the Railroad Creek valley at the Site. Referring to Figures 4.1-13 and 4.2-14, the northernmost of
the mine workings is the 2,325 level which is noted to terminate slightly north of the 1500-level ventilator
portal. Approximately two-thirds of the stopes below the 1500-level were backfilled with slurried tailings
materials by constructing concrete bulkheads.after sealing the fractures and joints in the .rock with
pumping in the slurry behind the walls, and decanting the water after the slurry was placed (McWilliams,
1958).
The initial scope of the RI included sampling and analysis of the water within the mine. The proposed
sampling program assumed that the one of the two portals at the 1500 level were open and safe for human
access. However, it was discovered during the RI that both of the 1500-level portals were collapsed, and
four of the remaining six mine portals above the 1500 level were also collapsed. A review of the mine
workings and mine maps by both a mining engineer and a mining subcontractor to Dames & Moore
indicated that the mine was not safe for entry without first making repairs to and reopening the 1500-level
portal (personal communications with James Knowlson, JSK & Assoc., 1997, and Okie Ross, Atlas Fausett
Contracting, 1997). However, it appears that the mine maps and mine portal drainage chemistry provide
adequate data for RI characterization (refer to Section 6.5.1 for additional discussion of the underground
mine and portal drainage chemistry).
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The uppermost stopes within the mine above the 1500-level are mapped to be within approximately 50 feet
of the ground surface. No historical information was identified which addressed the potential for subsidence
at the Site. Consequently, as part of the RI, a review of available underground mine maps, and a field
reconnaissance of the areas identified as having potential for mine subsidence was conducted. The methods
utilized to assess the potential for mine subsidence, and the results of the assessment, are discussed in
Section 4.2.5.
The mine was closed in 1957 and eventually became flooded to the 1500-level. Water began discharging
from the 1500-level main portal during the mid- to late 1960s (personal communication with Wes Prieb,
Holden Village, 1997, and Warner Jansen, former Holden Village Operations Manager, 1998).
4.1.3.2 Mine Discharge
Referring to Figures 4.1-5c and 4.1-5d (which show two cross-sections of the underground mine), the portal
drainage is the lowest mine opening for exit of groundwater from the mine and likely reflects the pool level
of the mine groundwater. This is supported by portal drainage flow data collected by an automated data
logger installed at the 1500-level portal. The data indicate a significant increase in flow (more than 10-fold)
in response to precipitation within approximately 18 to 24 hours of a spring snowmelt event. Such a rapid
and significant response would not be possible if flow through the failed portion of the tunnel was restricted
(these data are.discussed in Section 4.3.3.6).
Water was also observed flowing from the 1100-level portal during the May - June site visit at relatively
low flow (estimated to be less than 5 gallons per minute). However, a review of underground mine maps
strongly suggested that the water is not reflective of the actual water level in the mine; the water discharge
instead appears to represent meteoric water which infiltrates into the mine above this level and ponds behind
the rock and soil "dike-like" feature present at the portal opening due to collapse. The water stopped
flowing from the 1100-level portal after the end of June. The chemistry of the water sampled and analyzed
from the 1 100-level portal was also determined to be meteoric in nature (see Sections 5 and 6 of this report).
A discharge of water was also noted emanating from the 1500-level ventilator portal. The flow was
estimated to be less than 5 gallons per minute. A civil survey of the 1500-level portal indicated that the
opening is approximately 25 feet higher in elevation than the ,1500-level main portal. Consequently, the
water in the 1500-level main portal would need to be backed up more than approximately 25 feet before
water would start flowing from the 1500-level ventilator portal. The backup of this much water behind the
obstructed 1500-level main portal appears unlikely but possible. It is also possible that the water observed
flowing from the 1500-level ventilator portal is a combination of mine water and meteoric water seeping out
of the glacial soil through which the portal was noted to have been timbered for the first 300 feet. This is
supported by the chemistry which is discussed in more depth in Sections 5 and 6.5.1. It is possible that
water may be exiting the mine through fracture flow in the bedrock. However, based on the results of the
site-specific water balance (discussed in Section 4.4), as well as the results of the loading analysis presented
in Section 6.6.1, it does not appear likely that fracture flow is occurring.
The chemistry of the portal drainage assists us in understanding the chemical processes in the mine. The
portal drainage has been sampled and analyzed by others historically and Dames & Moore during the RI.
Data collected intermittently between 1982 and 1998, within the May to September period, are available to
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analyze the chemistry. The analytical results are presented in Section 5.3. A discussion of the portal
drainage chemistry in terns of mineralization is presented in Section 6.
4.2 GEOLOGY AND SOILS
4.2.1 Regional Geology
4.2.1.1 Tectonic Setting
A discussion of the tectonic setting is presented herein to support the analysis of seismic potential at the
Site. The tectonic setting of the Pacific Northwest for the last 60 million years has been dominated by
collisions between the largest, tectonic elements of the earth, known as plates. Rafted along on the
oceanic plates were island arcs and microcontinents which, during plate collisions, accreted to the North
American Plate. With changing geometry and speed of the plate collisions, the patterns of faulting and
volcanism on the continental plate changed in response. This convergent boundary characterizes and
controls much of the geology and seismicity of the Pacific Northwest to this day.
The Pacific Northwest and adjacent continental margin have been divided into four major tectonic terrains
reflecting the regional tectonic setting of converging plates. These are the continental margin, the fore-arc
terrain, the volcanic arc, and the back-arc terrain. The dynamic interaction between the two major
converging plates (Juan de Fuca and North American) define the characteristic structure and location of
these four terrains with respect to plate geometry and configuration (Atwater, 1970) (Figures 4.2-la and 4.2-
1 b)
The continental margin is the westernmost of the four major tectonic terrains of the North American Plates
and includes the Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ), which occurs approximately 60 to 100 miles (1 00 to 175
kilometers) west of the Washington coastline.
The fore-arc terrain is the next terrain inland, and is characterized by deformed and metamorphosed
sedimentary and igneous rocks accreted to the continental plate during the convergence episode.
The volcanic arc terrain lies directly east of the fore-arc terrain, and was caused by the melting of
continental margin rocks during the subduction of the Juan de Fuca Plate beneath the North American Plate,
which has been occumng for the past 38 million years (Vance, 1982).
The back-arc terrain of Washington is located east of the Cascade Mountains, and is underlain primarily by
granitic and metamorphic rocks. Because the back-arc is composed of the accreted terrains of past
collisions, the region east of the Cascade Mountains has complex bedrock geology.
The Site is located in the transition area between the volcanic arc terrain and back-arc terrain, and is situated
approximately 20 miles east to northeast of Glacier Peak, a volcanic cone.
4.2.1.2 Seismicity
A discussion of the regional seismicity is presented herein to support the analysis of seismic potential at
the Site. Earthquakes are the result of sudden releases of built-up stress within the tectonic plates that
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make up the earth's surface. The stresses accumulate because of friction between the plates as they
attempt to move past one another. The movement can be between plates (such as when one plate moves
over another, as in subduction zones) or within the plates themselves.
The recorded earthquakes (magnitude 4.0 or greater) in Washington State are presented on Figure 4.2-2.
With this information, predictions have been made about the severity of hture earthquakes. Intraplate
seismic events appear to be more widespread geographically, and result from various structural sources in
the shallow crust. These events often occur along mapped or postulated faults in the earth's surface. The
largest instrumented earthquake in greater site vicinity was a magnitude 6.0 (Richter scale) event in 1990
approximately 44 miles from the Site (NOAA, 1998). The event resulted in an estimated horizontal
acceleration of 0.03 g at the Site. A more in-depth discussion of the seismic potential is presented in Section
4.2.4 of this report.
The seismicity of the area is noted to be moderate. The Uniform Building Code (UBC, 1994) maps the
seismicity as a Zone 2B on a scale of 0 to 4, with 0 having no seismic activity, and 4 having high seismicity.
Three translational faults were mapped in the Site underground mine: steep, eastward-dipping normal
faults, and westward-dipping thrust faults. No surface expressions of recent or historic faults are noted in
the area. This observation would lead one to suspect that the faults are not active.
Based on the geology of the area, the potential hazards associated with seismicity are likely limited to
ground shaking and liquefaction. Ground shaking is rapid movement of the surface which can result in
damage to structures. Liquefaction is a condition in which saturated, loose sand soil behaves as a fluid
during seismic events, therefore, resulting in a reduction in soil strength at the time of the event, much like
quicksand.
4.2.1.3 Volcanic Activity
Referring to Figure 4.2-la, Washington has several major composite volcanoes and one area of extensive
basaltic shield volcanoes which have been active within the last 2 million years and, in some cases, active
within the last 20 years. The nearest volcano is Glacier Peak, approximately 20 miles west of the Site,
which experienced documented activity approximately 12,000 years ago (Tabor and Crowder, 1969).
4.2.1.4 Geology and Mineral Resources
A discussion of the North Lake Chelan geology is presented herein to support the selection of the aquatic
reference reaches. Refening to Figure 4.2-3, the geology of the upper Lake Chelan area consists of bedrock
overlain by unconsolidated to semi-consolidated glacial, fluvial, lacustrine and colluvial deposits of silt,
sand and gravel (Cater and Crowder, 1967). The geologic basement rocks (bedrock) found within the North
Lake Chelan watershed consist primarily of massive granitics and metamorphosed sedimentary rocks
including hornblende, gneiss, and schist. The bedrock outcrops at the surface in the high mountain ranges
and is encountered at depths ranging from 20 to greater than 100 feet deep in the valleys. The bedrock is, in
places, fractured, folded and faulted.
As noted on Figure 4.2-3, the North Lake Chelan basin has been mapped as containing a number of
economic mineral deposits with associated historic mineral claims andlor mine workings. In terms of the
drainages sampled during the aquatic reference reach sampling program (Section 4.6), the mineralization
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appears to be relatively localized. No mineral claims and/or mapped deposits were noted in the immediate
area and/or hydrologically upgradient of the Bridge Creek sampling location (BC- 1) (Church et al., 1984).
Two relatively small mines were located apparently upgradient of the South Fork of Agnes Creek sampling
location (SFAC- I). However, a more thorough assessment discovered that the two workings were actually
located near the headwaters of Swamp Creek which joins the North Fork of Agnes Creek downstream of the
aquatic sampling location.
The Company Creek aquatic sampling location (CoC-1) is situated approximately eight miles downstream
of a relatively small mineral prospect. The mineral deposit is noted to be situated on the "Holden trend,"
and was documented to contain copper and silver. The concentration of mineralization was noted to be
. higher than found at the Holden Mine, but the physical location near a ridge top limited the potential for
development (Church et al., 1984).
4.2.2 Railroad Creek Geology and Mineral Resources
Referring to Figure 4.2-4, the geology of the Railroad Creek watershed generally consists of bedrock
overlain by unconsolidated to semi-consolidated glacial, fluvial, lacustrine, and colluvial deposits of silt,
sand, and gravel (Cater and Crowder, 1967). The geologic basement rocks (bedrock) consist primarily of
massiye granitics and metamorphosed sedimentv rocks including hornblende, gneiss, and schist. The
granitic rocks are predominant in the eastern portion of Railroad Creek. Bedrock outcrops at the surface
along the valley walls and ridge lines, and is encountered at depths ranging from the ground surface to
greater than 100 feet deep in the valleys. The granites are primarily biotite-hornblende quartz diorites, and
the metamorphic rocks generally consist of hornblende, schist, and gneiss (Church et al., 1984).
In terms of the structural geology, the bedrock is, in places, highly fractured, folded, and faulted. However,
referring to Figure 4.2-5, the faults have been mapped by others as being generally limited in lateral extent
(Cater & Wright, 1957 and 1967).
The Railroad Creek watershed contains a relatively large number of economic mineral deposits, in addition
to the Holden Mine, which have been developed as either prospects and/or mines. Referring to Figure 4.2-4
and Table 4.2- 1, 2 1 prospects and/or mines were identified in the watershed; records were found for 18 of
the workings (USGS, 1998). Four prospects were noted on the maps near the mouth of Railroad Creek for
which no records were located; one of the prospects was observed in the field to be near surface water
sampling station RC-8.
Based on the records reviewed, one of the prospects located northeast of Holden Lake, noted as the Mary
Green (a.k.a. Martin Peak) was operated by Howe Sound Company in the late 1950s. The prospect included
several adits approximately 370 feet in length with several prospect pits (Church et al., 1984). Ebbutt, 1938,
documented the presence of a 280-foot-long drift, but with "no mineralization in evidence that would
approach being commercial." The principal mineralization was reported'as copper and silver. Observations
during the RI disclosed a single mine opening, a limited waste rock pile, and no indications of seepage
and/or drainage from either the mine opening or waste rock pile.
Three other prospects and/or mines were reported between Holden Lake and Railroad Creek. The owners
and/or operators were not found. One of the deposits, known as the Ideal, reportedly was developed for
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silver, and included 34,000 tons of removed rock. However, no indications of the mine workings were
discovered on aerial photographs or in the field during the RI.
Several other prospects andlor mines were developed at Crown Point Falls, approximately 10 miles west of
the Site, as well as above Lyman Lake. The mineral deposits included antimony, arsenic, cadmium, copper,
gold, lead, molybdenum, silver, and zinc. Based on observations during the RI, the Crown Point prospect
included several workings in the cliff face to the south of Crown Point Falls, as well as a single drifi to the
north of the falls, with no apparent seepage flowing from the openings of the workings.
4.2.3 Site Geology
4.2.3.1 Near-Surface Geology
Summary of Historical Data
Referring to Figure 4.2.6a, the surticial geology in the Site area consists primarily of alluvial, colluvial, and
glacial deposits overlying bedrock. The alluvial soil is deposited by water-related action and, therefore,
found near the bottom of the Railroad Creek valley. The alluvium is normally composed of rounded sandy
gravel- to cobble-size material. These alluvial deposits are considered to be normally very well drained, with
localized areas of poor drainage.
The colluvium includes those materials which are deposited by gravity and are, therefore, generally found
near the base of relatively steep slopes. The colluvium is generally characterized by a mixture of silt- to
boulder-size, angular soil and rock fragments. These soils can Age from poor to well drained.
The glacial soil in the area generally consists of glacial till, a dense mixture of rounded silt- to cobble-size
materials. These materials are anticipated to underlie the alluvium and colluvium, and have been
observed extending up the valley sidewalls. The glacial soil is normally more than 10 feet thick (ORB,
1975). During the construction of the main mine portal, the glacial materials were found to be
approximately 65 feet thick (Adams, 1981), and were observed to thin with increased elevation above the
valley floor, as would be expected from such a deposit. The mapping indicates that the glacial till
terminates above the 1100 level in the Honeymoon Heights area; the glacial till appears absent, with
bedrock exposed at the surface at the 300- through 1000-level portals (Figure 4.2.6a).
RI Findings
The geology of the Site was hrther characterized during the RI utilizing the results of: (I) a seismic
refraction survey and downhole geophysical evaluation completed across selected portions of the Site for
the RI (Appendix A); (2) borings drilled by others during the installation of the groundwater monitoring
wells (Appendix B); (3) test pits completed for the RI (Appendix C); and (4) borings and test pits completed
by others as part of a previous geotechnical engineering evaluation (Appendix E). The locations of the
explorations are presented on Figures 4.2-6b and in Appendix K.
The Site geology was disclosed to consist of the following principal units: (1) native soil and fill soil, (2)
colluvium, (3) alluvium, (4) tailings material, (5) waste rock, (6) alluvium/reworked' glacial till, (7) glacial
till, and (8) bedrock. A brief description of each unit follows.
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- Soil
Surficial materials at the Site south of Railroad Creek, except for the tailings and waste rock piles, are
primarily either soil or a mixture of soil and man-made fill material. Soil is composed of relatively
loose/sofi fine-grained material originating from weathered local bedrock and organic material. Fill is
composed of local soil plus rock, branches, stumps, and manmade artifacts which have been placed in
..;:conjunction with historic earthworks. Based on the results of borings (Appendix B) and test pit excavations
(Appendices C and E), the thickness of the soil unit varies from less than one foot to approximately 10 feet.
Colluvium
Colluvium is material deposited by gravity. Grain-sizes present in colluvium range from silt and sand
through cobbles and boulders. Colluvial deposits comprise the majority of surficial material in Holden
Village and much of the north bank of Railroad Creek opposite the tailings piles. Based on the borings
(Appendix B) and test pit excavations (Appendices C and E), colluvial deposits appear to underlie the
southern portion of tailings pile 3, as well as beneath Holden Village and the Winston home sites area. The
soil is noted as a mixture of low to moderate density, fine-grained soil with angular rock. The thickness of
the colluvium may be in excess of 20 to 30 feet in isolated locations.
Alluvium
Alluvium is material moved and deposited by the action of moving water. Material size ranges from silt- to
cobble- and boulder-size, and grains are usually rounded to subrounded. The density of the material
normally ranges from loose to moderately dense. Alluvium (as differentiated from alluvium/reworked till
described later) is limited in extent to areas beneath and adjacent to the current and recent channels of
Railroad Creek.
ail inns Materials
Tailings are fine-grained materials and are the by-product of the milling/processing operation. The tailings
are distributed along the south side of Railroad Creek in tailings piles 1, 2, and 3. The thickness of tailings
pile 1 appears to range from less than 10 feet near the southern edge of the pile to about 60 feet at the TPI-2
location. Tailings materials within the three piles are relatively loose to moderately dense mixtures of silt to
fine sand. The thickness of tailings pile 2 appears to range from 15 feet near the southern edge of the pile to
about 120 feet at the northern edge. The thickness of tailings pile 3 appears to range from 10 feet or less near
the southern boundary of the pile to approximately 70 feet along the northern edge. Tailings thicknesses are
based on boring logs (Appendices C and E) and interpretation of geophysical survey data (Appendix A).
The engineering properties of the materials were investigated by Hart Crowser in 1975, and by Dames &
Moore for the RI. The grain size of the material ranged from a silt (90 percent passing the No. 200 sieve;
0.075 mm) to a silty fine sand (approximately 40 percent passing the No. 200 sieve). The dry unit density is
approximately 11 0 to 11 5 pounds per cubic foot. The relative density based on the Standard Penetration
Test (SPT) conducted during the drilling and sampling completed by Hart Crowser was "medium dense."
The densities noted in test pits completed by Dames & Moore were qualitatively determined to range
between "loose" to "moderately compact." The moisture contents ranged from 15 to 30 percent. The shear
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strength was determined by Hart Crowser to range from 34 degrees for the medium dense sand, to as much
as 38 degrees for the silt.
Approximately 85 percent of the tailings was reported to consist of insoluble silicate minerals. The
relatively soluble Fraction appears to consist largely of sulfide minerals, with only minor amounts of marble
(calcium carbonate) (Thorsen, 1970). The sulfides were also reported to consist of pyrite (FeS), sphalerite
(ZnS), and chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) (PNL, 1992). As discussed in Section 6, the mineralogy of the tailings
piles was confirmed by evaluating the chemistry of the seeps and groundwater sampled and analyzed as part
of the RI.
Waste Rock
Waste rock is present in two large piles at the Site, one pile is located to the east of the mill building, the
other directly west of the building. The piles cover a few acres and based on the results of the seismic
refraction survey (Appendix A) range in thickness of up to about 70 feet. Smaller piles are associated with
the 1100, 800-, 700-, 550-, and 300- level portals in the Honeymoon Heights area. The volumes of two
waste rock piles near the mill building are estimated to be 250,000 cubic yards. The combined volume of
the Honeymoon Heights waste rock piles are estimated to be less than either of the west or east waste rock
piles. The waste rock consists of angular rock, ranging in grain size from mostly cobbles to some silt and
gravel. The rock is oxidized with some minor economic mineralization observed.
The detailed composition of the waste rock material is unknown, although visual inspection during the RI
indicates that they consist of some mineralized ore-type material containing pyrite, sphalerite and
chalcopyrite mixed with host alumino-silicate rods and some marble. A detailed discussion of the
mineralogy of the host rocks and ore deposits is provided in Section 6.1.
Alluvium/Reworked Till - ..
A laterally extensive gravel unit, herein named the alluviumlreworked till unit, is indicated by boring logs
throughout the Site south of Railroad Creek. The unit is logged in borings which penetrate the base of the
tailings piles, except for borings TP3-4 and PZ4A (Appendices B and E) at the southwest comer of tailings
pile 3; at this location, the unit presumably underlies the colluviuh logged at the base of those borings.
The alluviumlreworked till unit is described in various boring logs as a relatively loose to moderately dense
silty gravel, a gravelly silty sand, and a gravel. The unit grades into or interfingers with the alluvium of
Railroad Creek. The precise location of the contact is not known. Thickness of the alluvial reworked till
ranges from approximately 5 to 15 feet based on boring logs.
Glacial Till
Dense glacial till underlies the Site on both sides of Railroad Creek. Based on evaluation of geophysical
data (~~pendix A) the till appears to range in thicknessqfrom about 5 feet (adjacent to Railroad Creek, along
seismic line F-F') to about 95 feet (south of tailings piles 1 and 2 in Copper Creek drainage, at the southern
end of seismic line G-G'). The only Site boring that penetrates the dense till at the Site is boring TPI-4A.
While the boring log is incomplete, it does indicate that the dense till becomes dry with depth. Till at the
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Site has been observed by Dames & Moore personnel to be composed of dense to very dense material
ranging from clay- to boulder-size, with all intervening size fractions present.
Bedrock
Bedrock at the Site is composed primarily of quartz diorite, granodiorite, schist, and gneiss, and completely
, underlies the Site both north and south of Railroad Creek (Cater and Crowder, 1967). Based on
interpretation of geophysical data (Appendix A) the shallowest identified depth to bedrock is approximately
12 feet, both adjacent to Railroad Creek along seismic line F-F', and south of the maintenance yard along
seismic line A-A'. Greatest depth to bedrock is about 140 feet, beneath the central and northern portions of
tailings pile 3, again based on interpretation of geophysical data.
Descriptions of the geology for each Site area, as shown on Figures 4.1-3 and 4.1-3% are presented
hereafter.
Mine Sup~ort and Waste Rock Piles Area
Referring to geologic cross-section and seismic-refraction line A-A' on Figure 4.2-7, the geology for the
portion of the Site from the western waste rock pile to north of Railroad Creek in the area of the lagoon
feature consists of alluvium/reworked till over bedrock. The thickness of the near-surface soil appears to be
on the order of 10 to 15 feet thick. The alluvium/reworked till unit is underlain by approximately 15 to
more than 70 feet of moderately dense to dense material, which is most likely glacial till. The till material is
underlain by apparent bedrock materials which appear to dip to the north.
The southern segment of the geologic cross-section and seismic refraction line B-B' (Figure 4.2-8) crosses
the eastern waste rock pile. Based on review of historical information, the waste rock is comprised of .
bedrock, removed during the completion of the 1500-level mine and ventilator portals, that was determined
not to contain economic minerals in high enough concentration to warrant processing in the mill.
Combined, these two tunnels comprise over a mile of underground mine workings through non-mineralized
bedrock. The waste rock pile was placed on dense glacial till. The maximum height of the waste rock pile
is on the order of 140 feet, based on topographic maps. However, the actual thickness of the waste rock
when measured perpendicular to the slope appears to be less than 50 feet. The bedrock underlying the waste
rock pile also generally follows the topography.
A reconnaissance of the Railroad Creek streambed between RC-1 and RC-6 disclosed the presence of an
exposure of glacial till in the south bankof the creek. The soil was observed to consist of interbedded
sequences of blue-gray clayey silt (glacial lake deposits), silty sand, and silty sandy gravel. The minimum
thickness of the unit is on the order of 10 feet. Water was noted emanating from above the contact with the
clayey silt layer (discussed in subsequent sections of this report as seep SP-26).
Tailings Pile 1
Referring to Figures 4.2-6b and 4.2-8, the majority of the tailings pile, other than steep slopes facing
Railroad Creek and an isolated area near the southwest margin, is covered with approximately 4 to 6 inches
of rounded gravel placed by the USFS during site rehabilitation efforts between 1989 and 1991. The
northern portion of the B-B cross-section across tailings pile 1 indicates that the tailings beneath the surface
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gravels are variable in thickness and density. The seismic refraction lines disclosed the center of the pile to
consist of lower density materials than the underlying and surrounding tailings. This likely reflects the
location of the pre-existing municipal dump area which was reportedly covered with tailings and/or soil fill
during the 1989 to 1991 mine tailings rehabilitation project (PNL, 1992). Based on the results of the .
seismic refraction survey, it appears that the soils placed as backfill were not compacted to a density
standard (i.e., 90 to 95 percent of the laboratory maximum density).
The thickness of the tailings ranged up to approximately 70 feet. The tailings materials encountered in both
borings and test pits were found to be relatively consistent in grain size; ranging from a silty fine sand to
fine-sandy silt; the more sandy soil was suspected to be present nearer the edges of the piles. Some soils
with clay-size particles were encountered nearer the center'of the pile and likely reflect the fine-grained
"slimes" generated during the mill processing of the ore and settling within the ponds atop the piles during
placement; these materials are likely cohesive in nature (Hart Crowser, 1975).
A relatively thin layer of organic-rich soil, less than 2 feet thick, was encountered at the contact with the
native soil. The borings did not disclose the presence of a cemented layer at the contact between the tailings
and native materials. However, a test pit completed immediately northeast of tailings pile 1 (DMTPIE-I)
(Appendix C) disclosed the presence of a partially to cemented soil layer (ferricrete), likely associated with
the seepage of mineral-rich water from the tailings pile.
The boring logs for boring B- l and groundwater wells TPI-3 and TPI -4, completed by others, and both the
seismic refraction lines and downhole geophysical surveys, disclosed the underlying native soil to be
.moderately dense sand and gravel (alluvium/reworked till). The density of the soil increased with depth,
grading into a glacial till. The underlying bedrock was found to be 30 to 60 feet below the tailingslnative
soil contact. The bedrock was more shallow near the center of the pile, and slightly deeper to the north and
A seismic refraction line was also completed along the eastern margin of tailings pile 1, adjacent to Copper
Creek, as well as across Railroad Creek; the results are presented in the following subsection titled "Copper
Creek and Railroad Creek Confluence."
None of the subsurface explorations completed within the tailings by Dames & Moore and others, and the
seismic refraction lines appeared to detect the presence of "hard pans" (layers of hard/dense, cemented
materials) within the tailings pile, other than near the surface of the piles where a partially cemented layer
was occasionally encountered.
Tailings Pile 2
Geologic cross-section and seismic refraction line C-C' (Figure 4.2-6b and 4.2-9) crosses near the center of
tailings pile 2. The results of the borings by others and both the seismic refraction line and downhole
geophysics completed for the RI, indicated that the tailings piles range in thickness from approximately 50
feet in the area of the PZ-1 series wells to approximately 120 feet near the north limit of the pile. The
tailings encountered in the borings were found to be relatively consistent with 'the materials observed in
tailings pile 1.
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The underlying native soil was noted to be generally relatively dense gravel and sand (alluviurn/reworked
till and glacial till). The' underlying bedrock was detected at depths ranging from approximately 15 to 30
feet below the tailings and native soil contact.
Tailings Pile 3
Geologic cross-section and seismic refraction line D-D' (Figures 4.2-6b and 4.2-10) crosses tailings pile 3.
The entire surface of the tailings pile, other than the steepest slopes facing Railroad Creek, is covered with
approximately 4 to 8 inches of rounded gravel placed by the Forest Service between 1989 and 1991. The
seismic refraction line confirmed the thickness of the tailings materials beneath the gravel surface, and the
apparent depth to bedrock.
The available subsurfack information from the borings completed on the tailings pile suggest the presence of
a soil layer overlying possible colluvium near the southern limit of the tailings pile. A test pit completed
near the southern end of the seismic line (DMTP3S-1) encountered what appeared to be weathered glacial
soil consisting of sandy silt with some sand, cobbles, and boulders to a depth of approximately 19 feet. This
portion of the cross-section is coincident with the lowermost extent of an avalanche chute. Colluvium may
have originated upslope of the area due to erosionof bedrock and/or glacial soils. The colluvium was
interpreted to be on the order of 10 to 25 feet thick.
The cross-section indicates the presence of up to 70 feet of tailings. The density and consistency of the
tailings materials were relatively consistent with tailings piles 1 and 2. The tailings piles were underlain by
a thin layer of organic soils (less than 2 feet thick). The organics were then observed to be underlain by a
layer of reworked glacial materials or alluvium consisting mostly of sand and gravel. Several of the borings
interpreted that the silt content and density increased with depth. Therefore, the reworked glacial till appear
to be limited to less than 10 feet in thickness.
The glacial till was noted in the seismic section to be underlain by bedrock. The bedrock varied in depth
from approximately 25 feet to 75 feet below the contact between the tailings and native soil.
In contrast to tailings piles 1 and 2, several of the subsurface explorations and seismic refraction lines
detected the presence of possible "hard pans" within the tailings pile; some partially cemented material was
encountered at a depth which is underlain by less denselhard material. The layer was encountered
approximately 5 to 6 feet bgs in test pits DMTP3-2 and DMTP3-3 (Figure 4.2-6b). The test pits were
completed at the eastern toe of tailings pile 3. The more dense layer appears to coincide with the zone
where seepage from the pile would contact underlying groundwater. The layer was observed to be partially
cemented, hard, and less than approximately 4 feet in thickness. The seismic refraction lines did not appear
to detect the layer, likely due to the resolution .of the seismic survey being too large to detect a non-
continuous, relatively thin zone or layer of varying hardness and cementation.
Immediatelv East of Tailings Pile 3
Seismic refraction line E-E' (Figures 4.2-6b and 4.2-1 1) was placed immediately east of tailings pile 3, and
extended from approximately 200 feet north of Railroad Creek to approximately 200 feet upslope of the
existing wetland area. In addition, four test pits (DMTP3E-1 through 4) were excavated in the area of the
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wetlands and adjacent to Railroad Creek. Three test pits (DMTP3E-4 through 6) were also completed in the
area southeast of tailings pile 3 as part of the borrow source evaluation.
The test pits completed south of the wetlands encountered medium dense to very dense, sand and gravel
with subangular cobbles and boulders, indicating that the materials may be relatively close to the source
bedrock, and are possibly reworked glacial till. However, two of the three test pits were terminated due to
practical refusal conditions at 6 feet and 13 feet bgs due to increasing boulders with depth. Consequently,
the soils encountered are likely weathered glacial till. The third test pit was completed to a depth of
approximately '17 feet bgs. The seismic refraction indicated that the relatively dense glacial till materials
underlying the looser materials ranged in thickness from approximately 40 to 50 feet. Bedrock was
apparently encountered below the glacial materials.
Referring to Figure 4.2-1 1, the seismic refraction, boring, and test pit data collected in the area of the
wetlands south of Railroad Creek and east of the tailings pile 3 suggest the presence of a trough-like feature,
in the area of monitoring well DS-1, filled with relatively loose soil; the feature is assumed to represent an
abandoned stream channel of Railroad Creek. The maximum depth of the feature appears to be on the order
of 25 feet. The test pits encountered alluvium consisting of interlying silt, sand, and gravel in the wetland
area. The relatively loose/sofl alluvium was noted to be underlain by approximately 70 feet of relatively
dense glacial till and bedrock. The bedrock surface also appears to form a trough-like feature as a result of
glaciation.
The seismic refraction line suggests that Railroad Creek and the area to the north of the creek area are ,
underlain by alluvial soil ranging from approximately 15 to 25 feet thick. The alluvial deposits are then
underlain by the relatively dense glacial till materials and bedrock at depth.
As noted for tailings piles 1 and 2, none of the subsurface explorations and seismic refraction lines appeared
to detect the presence of hardpans within the tailings pile, other than near the surface of the pile.
Tailings Piles 2 and 3 Adiacent to Railroad Creek
Section F-F' (Figures 4.2-6b and 4.2-12) is based solely on a seismic refraction line completed in an east-
west direction immediately north of tailings piles 2 and 3 and adjacent to Railroad Creek; the line extended
approximately 500 feet. The seismic section disclosed the presence of a relatively thin layer (less than 10
feet) of relatively loose to medium dense alluvium overlying approximately 5 to 25 feet of relatively dense
glacial till soil. The glacial till soil was noted to be underlain by bedrock. The bedrock in this area was
noted to be as shallow as approximately 15 to 20 feet bgs.
Copper Creek and Railroad Creek Confluence
Section G-G' (Figures 4.2-6b and 4.2-13) is based on a seismic refraction line trending generally north-south
between tailings piles 1 and 2, and across Railroad Creek to the north by approximately 250 feet. Referring
to Figure 4.2-6b and Appendix C, test pit DMTPI E- l was completed on the south bank of the creek as part
of the fenicrete assessment; due to encountering water, the test pit was terminated at a depth of
approximately 3-112 feet. The combined test pit and seismic refraction data indicate the presence of a native
soil layer (alluvium and reworked fill), approximately 10 to 20 feet thick overlying the entire section. The
seismic refraction data indicate the soil to be underlain by relatively dense glacial till ranging in thickness
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from approximately 25 to 80 feet. The bedrock surface was noted to be variable in depth, with a trough-like
feature noted to the north of Railroad Creek.
Holden Village
Based on data collected during the installation of groundwater monitoring wells in Holden Village by others
(USBM, 1995), the village area appears to be underlain by a combination of colluvium and glacial till soils.
The soils are moderately dense and consist of a mixture of silt, sand, and gravel.
Winston Home Sites
Seven test pits (DMTPW-I through DMTPW-7) were completed immediately downslope of the western
portion of the Winston home sites area as part of the underground storage tank assessment (Figures 4.1-5a
and 4.2-6b, and Appendix C). The test pits were completed to depths ranging from 3-112 to 8 feet bgs. The
excavations disclosed the soil underlying the area to consist of a mixture of relatively loose to medium
dense silt, sand, gravel, and cobbles. The subangular nature.of the soil indicated the origin to be colluvium
originating upslope and to the north of the area.
Honemoon Heights
In the area of the Honeymoon Heights, to the southwest of the mill area, the glacial till soil appears to
terminate slightly south and upslope of the 1100-level portal. Bedrock is generally exposed near or at the
ground surface above this level; a reconnaissance of the area during the RI disclosed a relatively thin layer
of soil, consisting of weathered bedrock, covering portions of the area immediately above the 1100-level.
4.2.3.2 Geology Exposed in Mine
Referring to Figures 4.2-14 and 4.2-15, which are based on the review of available underground mine maps,
the bedrock exposed in the underground mine is composed primarily of interlying sequences of
metamorphic rocks with igneous intrusives. The igneous rocks are primarily biotite-hornblende quartz
diorites and the metamorphic rocks generally consist of hornblende, schist, gneiss, amphibolite, marble, and
quartzite.
The ore body was observed to occur within an extensive pyritized shear zone in the metamorphosed
sedimentary rocks. The shear zone is one of several in the area and was found to be approximately 2,500
feet long with the width of economic mineralization up to 80 feet. The shear zone and ore body are oriented
in a nearly east-west direction, and were found to be nearly vertical. The strike of the economic
mineralization is exposed at the ground surface which allowed J.H. Holden to find it in 1887. The ore body
is situated within a rock formation named the Buckskin schists, which consists of a thick series of quartz-
amphibole schist containing two horizons of intermittent marble beds and calcareous schists (Youngberg
and Wilson, 1952). Minerals observed in the ore zone are shown on Table 4.2-la (Youngberg and Wilson,
1952). As discussed in Section 6, the mineralogy of the underground mine was confirmed by evaluating the
chemistry of the mine discharge (1 500-level main portal drainage) which was sampled and analyzed as part
of the RI.
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Several faults have been mapped in the mine. The prominent faults strike nearly east-west and appear to
have been intersected by both the 1500-level tunnels. Referring to Figures 4.2-5, 4.2-6a, 4.2-14, and 4.2-
15, two of the faults have been mapped with lateral andlor vertical displacement. However, as noted above,
the faults in the Railroad Creek drainage. which generally parallel the direction of the faults intersected in
the mine, appear to be limited in lateral extent and continuity. No indications of recent fault movement were
noted.
4.2.4 Geologic Hazards
4.2.4.1 Seismic Liquefaction Potential
Summary of Historical Findings
Groundshaking occurs in conjunction with earthquakes. Foundation materials which are relatively dense
transfer energy associated with an earthquake more efficiently than less dense materials. Less dense soils
may be susceptible to seismically-induced settlement. Liquefaction is a phenomenon in which loose to
medium dense, saturated, granular soils lose their shear strength during dynamic loading (usually during an
earthquake) and behave as a fluid. Liquefaction causes soil settlements and sometimes lateral spreading or
slope failure of a soil mass. Loose granular, saturated soils which are commonly susceptible to liquefaction
are normally found in valley bottoms throughout the region.
The mine tailings piles were investigated in terms of geotechnical engineering characteristics as part of the
ORB 1975 study. In summary, the results of the field and laboratory program indicated that the mine
tailings consist of interlying sequences of clay-, silt- and fine sand-size material. The soil was noted to be
non-plastic with an average in situ wet and dry density of 116 pounds per cubic foot (pcf) and 92 pcf,
respectively. The optimum moisture content was noted to be 13 percent based on ASTM D-1557-70. The
relative density of the material based on the Standard Penetration Test (a field test where the sampler is
driven into the soil with a 140-pound hammer with a 30-inch stroke) was medium dense.
The 1975 Hart Crowser report indicated that the phreatic surface (groundwater level) was observed to be
consistently about two feet above the interface of the northern extent of the tailings pile with the original
ground surface, which indicated "nominal seepage pressure within the piles." The susceptibility of the
tailings piles to liquefaction, or "quicking" of the material during a seismic event, was determined to be low,
based on the assumption that the phreatic groundwater surface was 2 feet above the contact between the
tailings and the underlying native alluvial soil.
RI Findings
Historical seismicity data were reviewed for the Site. Based on data collected by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Site has been subject to two earthquakes of magnitude greater
than 4 with epicenters close enough to cause potentially significant peak ground accelerations (Figure 4.2-
2). The first earthquake occurred in 1942 at a distance of approximately 10 miles with a magnitude of 4.3'
on the Richter scale which resulted in an estimated peak ground acceleration at the Holden site of 0.04
gravity (g). The second earthquake occurred in 1990 at a distance of approximately 44 miles with a
magnitude of 6.0 on the Richter scale which resulted in an estimated ground acceleration at the Holden
site of 0.03 g (NOAA, 1998). The former earthquake occurred during the operating life of the mine but
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efore the tailings piles had reached any significant height. There were no documented reports andor
accounts that the latter earthquake caused any landslides at the Site.
An analysis of potential liquefaction at the Site was conducted using empirical methods (described in Seed
et al. 1983) as part of the RI. The analysis included comparing the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) values
(soil density derived from a standardized field test) collected during the drilling of the borings on the tailings
piles in 1975, with cyclic stress ratios (ratio of estimated earthquake-induced shear stress divided by the
effective overburden stress at a given point) based on a magnitude 6.75 seismic event with a horizontal
acceleration of 0.18 g, and a return period of 475 years. The soils analyzed were a clean sand, a sand with
less than 15 percent passing the No. 200 sieve, and a silty sand with more than 35 passing the No.
200 sieve.
In addition to SPT values from the Hart Crowser borings, the SPT values of soils encountered in one test pit
excavated at the toe of the slope were estimated. The estimate was based on judgment using the resistance
offered by the soil during excavation. The distribution of SPT values was not considered explicitly, but the
lowest recorded values were used in the analysis. As required by the empirical method, the recorded SPT
values are converted to "normalized" values, which are shown on Figure 4.2-16 in the Danies & Moore
report.
Referring to Figure 4.2-16, the results appeared to support the findings by Hart Crowser in 1975 that the
typical potential for liquefaction of the tailings material andlor native underlying soil is relatively low. A
moderate potential for liquefaction may exist in zones of clean, loose sand near the toe of the slopes.
There is some level of uncertainty associated with the findings of the liquefaction assessment due to
uncertainties related to the earthquake magnitude, the grain size of the soil underlying the tailings piles, the
tailings SPT (density)'data, and the liquefaction boundary curves. However, the analyses utilized the lower
of the density values. Consequently, the findings are relatively conservative and consistent with the
methods employed by the geotechnical engineering profession.
Due to the variability of both tailings density and moisture content values, the potential for conducting the
liquefaction analyses utilizing a probabilistic approval was evaluated as part of the RI. However, existing
literature provides insufficient evidence of sustained liquefaction above the free water level, which was
utilized for the liquefaction potential analyses conducted for the RI.
A discussion of potential seismically-induced landslides are presented in the subsequent Section 4.2.4.2 of
this report.
4.2.4.2 Tailings Pile Slope Stability
Summary of Historical Findings I
Mass movement is generally considered the downslope movement of a mass of soil, rock, andor snowlice.
The stability of.soil is directly related to the physical characteristics of the soils and underlying bedrock.
The mechanics and rates of slope movement are controlled by a variety of factors, including: slope gradient,
water content and soil pore water pressure, and engineering properties of the materials, such as cohesion and
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the coefficient of Friction. Geomorphic. hydrologic, and vegetative factors determine the occurrence,
frequency, and significance of the processes in an area.
In terms of the Site, the tailings pile slopes facing Railroad Creek and Copper Creek are relatively steep. A
perimeter dike failure was documented to have occurred at the east end of tailings pile 3 in 1946 resulting
from the plugging of a decant tower with ice and overtopping of the containment dike which resulted in
erosion of the tailings (miscellaneous written communications, 1946). It should be noted that the decant
towers were reportedly backfilled and sealed during work efforts performed by the Forest Service between
1989 and 199 1 ; however, the risk of overtopping of tailings ponds has been mitigated with the construction
of surface water swales, and the closure of the mill which provided the water to the tailings ponds during the
I946 event.
Several other failures occurred later within the relatively steep slope of tailings pile 2 east and near the
confluence of Railroad Creek and Copper Creek, during storm events (Crane, 1966). No other significant
mass movement events were documented on the slopes of the tailings piles facing Railroad Creek and
Copper Creek.
A report was completed in 1970 by the Washington Department of Natural Resources which discussed the
mine tailings at Holden Mine (Thorsen). Conclusions were presented that cementation through oxidation of
iron sulfides and settlement appeared to have made the tailings piles at least as stable or possibly more stable
than when originally irnplaced. However, no actual slope stability analyses were apparently conducted.
A qualitative assessment of the stability of the relatively steep slopes of the tailings piles adjacent to
Railroad Creek and Copper Creek was conducted as part of the ORB study. Geotechnical engineering-
related laboratory analyses were conducted on soil samples collected from borings drilled mostly into the
perimeter of the tailings piles. The internal angle of friction of the material ranged from 34 degrees for the
coarser material to 38 degrees for the finer material. This angle is less than the steepest slope faces of the
tailings piles. However, only limited samples were collected for direct shear testing. The slopes appeared to
be stable in the present configuration. The report concluded that the tailings piles were relatively stable in
their present configuration, but that flattening the slopes of the piles would likely improve the long-term
stability of the piles.
RI Findings
Based on data collected by Dames and Moore and others, the groundwater elevations in the northern
portions of tailings piles are relatively close to the bottom of the piles, as discussed in Section 4.4. This is
confirmed by the observation that seeps occur only near the toe of the slopes of the three tailings piles.
Based on exploration logs of Dames and Moore and others, the tailings consist of silty sands and sandy silts.
Up to 2 to 3 feet of tailings at the surface are lightly cemented. Geotechnical laboratory tests performed by
Hart-Crowser for the 1975 ORB report indicate silt contents of the tailings ranging from 28 to 100 percent.
Grain size analysis by Dames & Moore indicated silt contents ranging from less than 20 to more than 50
percent (Appendix D). Based on the borings drilled by Hart-Crowser in 1975, the soils underlying the
tailings are dense sands and gravels. A test pii excavated at the toe of tailings pile 3 as part of the RI
(DMTP3-4) (Figure 4.2-6b) revealed loose sand under the tailings; the aerial extent of this loose sand is not
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known. The sand appears to be more dense than the tailings pile material. Based on seismic refraction data
gathered by Northwest Geophysical for this report, the sand is underlain by dense glacial till.
The following engineering characteristics presented in the 1975 Hart-Crowser report were used for
evaluation of slope stability:
Tailings
Cemented Tailings
Sand
Glacial Till
Soil Angle of Internal Friction Total Unit Weight Cohesion
(phi) (pc9 (ps9
The values for the tailings materials utilized in the slope stability analyses were based on laboratory testing
performed by Hart-Crowser for their 1975 report and typical published values. The values for the sand were
increased slightly directly beneath the tailings pile due to overburden pressures (as opposed to at the toe of
the slope where the materials were less thick). For the purposes of the slope'stability analyses, it is assumed
that the wood cribbing that was used to suspend the tailings discharge line around the pond perimeter had
rotted away.
In addition, the review of borings completed by others, as well as field observations during the RI, discussed
the presence of soil units in addition to those utilized by Hart Crowser in the slope stability analyses
completed in 1975. The parameters for these soil units were determined based on experience gained on
other sites. The following engineering characteristics were used in the slope stability analyses completed by
Dames& Moore for the units observed at the Site, but not utilized in the 1975 Hart Crowser study:
Topsoil
Densified Topsoil
Talus
Densified Sand
Soil Angle of Internal Friction Total Unit Weight Cohesion
(phi) (pcf) (psf)
An organic layer was mentioned in several logs of borings completed by PNL in 1990. Only one of the logs
of borings completed by Hart Crowser in 1975 (B-6; see Figure 4.2-6b) indicated the presence of an organic
layer at the base of the tailings. The layer was noted to be roughly at the level of the toe of the slopes for
tailings piles 2 and 3 for those borings completed closest to the slopes facing Railroad Creek. The PNL logs
appeared to indicate a relatively continuous layer of organic material near the tailingslnative soil contact.
A soil friction angle of 34 degrees was used in the slope stability analyses for this layer, identified as
"densified topsoil" in the above table and on Figures 4.2-17 through 4.2-20. The 34-degree soil friction
angle is consistent with fibrous peat and silt or sandy silt with wood fragments, as described in the PNL
logs.
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The groundwater levels used for the stability analyses were conservatively chosen as 20 feet above the
highest values measured by Dames & Moore during the spring and summer of 1997 at groundwater
monitoring wells located closest to the slopes. This increase in water level over measured values was
adopted to account for possible highly unfavorable rainfall and snowrnelt conditions that might cause
future water levels to exceed those observed. The water was assumed to emerge at the toe of the slope,
since no reports of water emerging higher on the slope could be found. The water surface was depicted as
a straight line between the nearest piezometer and the toe of the slope. Since the closest piezometers were
approximately 300 feet from the slope face, the 20-foot "highly unfavorable" increase for purposes of
analysis resulted in less than a 5-foot increase in water levels below the slope itself.
Slope stability analyses for static conditions (i.e., not under seismic conditions) were performed on cross-
sections developed through tailings piles 2 and 3. For the assumed cross-section of tailings pile 2, the
minimum static factor of safety for sliding was found to be 1.034. For the assumed cross-section of tailings
pile 3, the minimum static factor of safety was found to be 1.10. The lowest factors of dety are for
relatively shallow failures extending 10 to 15 feet below the face of the slope at the deepest point. Deeper
failures were found to have higher factors of safety. Failure of the slope is defined as any down slope
movement of the failed soil mass. The horizontal length of a particular failure zone along the face of the
slope is expected to range fiom less than 100 feet to more than several hundred feet. Graphical
representations of the analyses for static conditions are presented on Figures 4.2-17 and 4.2-1 8.
The graphical representatives of the analyses include cross sections of tailings piles with the hypothetical
slope failures resulting from the stratigraphy, soil parameters, and groundwater conditions. The factor of
safety is presented as contours in the upper left-hand comer of the figure. The contours represent slip circle
centers having equal factors of safety. Each contour line is the collection of the centers of rotation for slip
circles (i.e., circles representing the plane of sliding of potential slope failure masses within the slope) which
have the same factor of safety. The contours typically converge at a central minimum value, as displayed on
the figure. The contours can be used to assess how much of the slope may be near the minimum factor of
safety.
An analysis of the potential for seismic induced landslides was performed using ground acceleration values
recommended by the U.S. Geologic Survey in Frankel et al., 1996. The peak ground acceleration for a 475-
. year return period earthquake was accordingly estimated at 0.18 g for specific soil conditions at the tailings
location. The pseudo-static method was used for the landslide analysis. The seismic coefficient typically
used for pseudo-static analyses is two-thirds of the peak ground acceleration. Slope stability analyses
performed on the tailing pile slopes above Railroad Creek indicate that the tailings pile 2 slopes would fail
during a seismic event of this magnitude (safety factor of less than 0.98). The results of the analyses
indicated a safety factor of 1.04 for tailings pile 3 slopes.
Knowing that slopes for two of the three tailings piles will clearly fail during the relatively large 475-year
seismic event triggered a search for the smallest seismic event that could bring the slopes to the point of
failure. The analyses indicated that a seismic event generating a peak ground acceleration of 0.05 g is large
enough to cause slope failure, i.e., to reduce the "factor of safety" to a value of 1.0 or less. The "factor of
safety" is,the ratio of the magnitude of forces tending to resist slope failure (e.g., shear strength of the soil)
to the magnitude of the forces tending to cause failure (e.g., weight of soil mass on the upper slope). In the
opinion of the geotechnical engineering community, factors of safety higher than 1.2 indicate a suitably
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stable slope while factors of safety at or below 1.0 indicate impending failure of the slope. Slopes with
factors of safety between 1.0 and 1.2 are considered marginally stable. This seismic event has an estimated
return period of approximately 40 years at the Site location. Graphical representations of the analyses for
seismic conditions, including site stratigraphy, groundwater elevation and topography, are presented on
Figures 4.2-19 and 4.2-20. Only results for the smaller 40-year return period seismic event are shown on
the figures.
As noted on Figures 4.2-17 through 4.2-20, the slope stability analysis included modeling a "cemented
layer" on the surface of the slopes. It was not possible to complete subsurface explorations on the slopes of
the tailings piles to characterize the thickness of the cemented layer due to the steepness of the slopes.
However, based on boring and test pit data collected from the tailings piles, including test pits excavated by
Dames & Moore in 1997 near the top and base of tailings piles 1 through 3 (DMTPI-2 through DMTP3-4,
shown on Figure 4.2-6b), it appears that the thickness of the "cemented layer" ranges from several inches to
approximately 10 feet. The slope stability analysis utilized the lower end of the range (approximately 3
feet). Since the slope stability failure circles noted on Figures 4.2-17 through 4.2-20 extend below the
maximum observed thickness of the cemented layer, the effect of cementation is thought to be minimal.
The analyses did not include scenarios of either no cemented zone or a 10-foot-thick cemented zone. In
addition, groundwater levels were assumed to be near the base of the tailings piles and not perched higher
within the tailings. Given the various observations from the RI reconnaissance, boring logs, groundwater
monitoring well data, test pits and slope performance over the years, the scenario utilized in the analyses
appears to be reasonable.
As noted for the liquefaction analyses, there is some level of uncertainty associated with the findings of the
slope stability analyses due to uncertainties related to the engineering properties of the tailings and native
materials, groundwater levels, the presencelabsence and degree of cementation, and the modeling utilized.
The observed long-term performance of the slopes suggests they are actually more stable than indicated by
the results of the static and seismic analyses. The tailings pile slopes are relatively steep, but have not
experienced a reported failure since a flood which occurred in 1948 and appeared to have been a 50-year
event (Crates, 1966); the 1948 storm event resulted in the eroding of the toe of the northwest portion of
tailings pile 2 and the delivery of tailings to railroad Creek. The slopes have held the relatively steep angles
since the 1948 event, but are steeper than the angle of repose as determined by the angle of internal friction
(37 degrees) resulting from laboratory testing completed by Hart Crowser. In addition, the Site apparently
experienced a relatively significant seismic event in 1990, which did not result in slope failure. Therefore, it
is our opinion that the soils have been appropriately and possibly conservatively modeled during the slope
stability analyses. Possible measures to mitigate the mass movement potential will be addressed in the FS
document.
Any erosion at the toe of the slope (such as Railroad Creek cutting into the slope) will reduce the factors of
safety described above. Erosion is discussed further in Section 4.2.4.3 below.
Based on the observed angular nature of the waste rock piles, it is estimated that potential for slope failure is
relatively low. However, isolated, shallow failures have the potential to occur on the steepest slopes.
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'

Tailings pile 3 is situated near the base of an avalanche chute. An avalanche reportedly ter'minated near the
southern edge of the pile in 1996 (persdnal communication with Keith Anderson, USFS, 1997). The
potential exists for an avalanche to deliver avalanche debris to the southern margin of the tailings pile.
4.2.4.3 Erosion Potential
Summary of Historical Findings
Erosion is the breakdown of soils and bedrock by natural processes including water, wind, and glaciation.
Of these processes, water-related erosion during storm events has the most potential for adverse impact.
Fine-grained soil is also susceptible to wind erosion. The susceptibility of any material to erosion is
dependent upon: (1) chemical and physical characteristics, (2) topography, (3) the amount and intensky of
precipitation and surface water, and 4) the type and density of vegetative ground cover, if present.
The tailings material was found in the ORB 1975 report to be "highly susceptible to erosion by wind and
water" prior to the placement of the gravel surfacing and grass mats. The report noted that windblown
deposits were measured 500 feet downwind of the piles in amounts over 3,000 pounds per acre. Based on
the reported average dry unit density of 92 pcf, this would equal approximately 0.009 inches of tailings
material at that location. The report also concluded that a wind velocity of 30 cmlsec was needed to start
eroding the tailings material; the assumptions associated with this estimate were not provided.
RI Findings
Railroad Creek flows eastward for approximately 3,900 feet directly adjacent to the three tailings piles. The
tailings piles lie from 30 to 120 feet above the main channel on the south side of the creek. A field
reconnaissance along the creek and slopes of the tailings was conducted. During the reconnaissance, the
3,900 feet of creek reach along the tailings slopes was classified into 18 different slope reaches with
apparent similar erosion processes and erosion potential (e.g., slope angle, setback fiom creek, amount of
vegetation, relationship to high water, etc.). Schematic cross-sections for each slope reach are presented in
Appendix F. The criteria for grading and ranking the slopes in terms of erosion potential are presented in
Tables 4.2-2 and 4.2-2% respectively. Physical characteristics for each slope reach are summarized in
Table 4.2-3.
The logs of the test trench excavations are presented in Appendix C. In general, the trench excavations
indicate that the undisturbed tailings soils are predominantly laminated fine-grained sands that grade to silts
and have pockets or lenses of clay; however, due to an uneven decrease in oxidation fiom the slope inward
and from the top down, the soils appear laterally and vertically heterogeneous in color and the degree of
cementation. For example, there are abrupt and irregular contacts of well oxidized hard, dry, cemented,
medium-orange fine-grained sands in contact with loose, moist to dry, non-cemented, medium- to dark-gray
fine-grained sands. In some cases, the upper 2 to 4 ft of tailings soils are softer, looser and more uniform in
color and have no internal structure (i.e., the sands and silts are well mixed), and appear to have been
remolded. The remolding most likely took place when the slopes were reconfigured during the USFS
reclamation activities. 'soft, loose remolded soil also occurs on the slbpes and at the base forming a thick
talus in places. Wood pieces were also observed in most trenches, and in a few places, cut timber logs were
found buried in a vertical position.
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The results of an analysis of topographic map data (e.g., average slope, reach length, reach height) for each
slope reach are summarized in Table 4.2-3. This data, in particular average slope,.was used in combination
with the field characterization and trench log data to determine the criteria for assessing erosion potential.
~verage slope was defined as the slope from the top of the tailings (at the tailings edge) to the base of the
riprap (as best as could be determined from the map contours and field knowledge of the riprap location).
The criteria for determining erosion potential of each slope reach was based on the field mapping, .
observations of erosion processes occurring on the slopes, topographic map data, and the estimated high
water lines. Specific criteria were developed that included:
t
Average slope of reach from the top of the slope to the base of the riprap
Range of slopes occurring across the reach
Slope setback From creek channel (the average distance from the toe of the slope to the
bank of the main channel)
Slope setback from crest of riprap (the average distance from the toe of the slope to the
crest of the riprap)
Composition of slope materials (e.g., sand talus, gravel cap, cemented sands)
Condition or existence of vegetation, andlor grass mats I
Extent and magnitude of current erosion processes I
Table 4.2-2 summarizes the criteria for grading the slopes erosion potential. I
Based on the developed criteria, an erosion potential for each slope reach was assigned (Table 4.2-3)
(Figure 4.2-21). In general, slopes along tailings pile 1 have a moderate to moderately low erosion potential
due to the low average slopes, the distance that the pile is setback from the creek, the amount of vegetation
present, and the condition of the gravel cap. Slopes along tailings pile 2 have a high to moderately high
erosion potential due to the steep slopes, high amount of exposed tailings, little or no setback to the creek,
and the lack of a gravel cap or vegetation. Slopes along tailings pile 3 have a moderate to low erosion
potential due to the lower height, relatively sufficient setback (i.e., sufficient space to build talus to the angle
of repose), the amount of vegetation present, and the good condition of the gravel cap.
There is some level of uncertainty associated with the findings of the erosion potential evaluation due to the
difficulty in quantifying all of the variables associated with surface erosion. However, the findings are
consistent with our expectations based on past experience on other site with similar geologic and hydrologic
conditions.
4.2.5 Mine Subsidence Potential
As mentioned in Section 4.1.3.1, the uppermost stopes within the mine above the 1500-level are mapped
to be within approximately 50 feet of the ground surface. Figures 4.2-14 and 4.2-1 5 display the lateral and
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vertical extent of the underground mine workings, and approximate thickness of bedrock overlying the
principal mine openings, or stopes. In addition, an article written at the time of mine operation (Huttl, 1938)
confirmed a "surface pillar" of 50 feet. Referring to Figure 4.2-2 1 a, the underground mine maps reviewed
for this evaluation confirmed that the areas highlighted between the 1100 level and 300 level portals
(Honeymoon Heights area), have bedrock approximately 50 feet thick overlying the stopes.
No historical information was identified which addressed the potential for subsidence at the Site.
Consequently, as part of the RI, a review of available underground maps, and a field reconnaissance of
the areas identified as having potential for mine subsidence was conducted. The reconnaissance of the
ground conditions above the 1 100-level to the 300-level of the mine was conducted in September 1997. No
indication of openings'to the subsurface andlor likely subsidence features were noted. In addition, no
indications of surface water flow into the subsurface were observed in the area of the intermittent drainage
during periods of flow. In addition, color aerial photographs (stereo coverage, 1 :12,000 scale, shot near
midday, June 6, 1997) were reviewed as well for possible indications of subsidence features; none were
observed.
However, at the request of the agencies,,the potential for subsidence at the Holden Mine Site was further
evaluated using the method of Golder (1990), as presented by Betourney (1996). The method is a
specialized adaptation of the underground opening stability analysis method developed by the Norwegian
Geotechnical Institute (Barton et al., 1974). The method is applied by graphically comparing key
geologic and geomechanical characteristics of the rock mass to a "normalized" mine opening dimension,
then using case history data to identify the ranges of data that are known to be associated with subsidence.
The geologic and geomechanical characteristics are combined into a Rock Mass Quality parameter Q,
which is defined in the Barton et al. publication. The Q value is a function of six individual features of
the rock mass and its environment:
1. RQD - Rock Quality Designation, which measures the continuity of core retrieved
during drilling
2. Jn - Number of Joint Sets, which is estimated using outcrop or underground geologic
mapping data
3. Jr - Joint Roughness Number, which is estimated from observations of the geometry of
exposed joints
4. Ja - Joint Alteration Number, which is estimated from observations of the aperture and
condition ofjoints and joint wall rock
5. Jw - Joint Water Reduction Factor, which is related to the water inflow rate or pore
pressure conditions
6. SRF - Stress Reduction Factor, which is related to the nature of the in-situ stress regime
High Q values indicate a good quality rock mass which would have a longer stand-up time and would
require less structural support to maintain stability.
Data used for estimating the Q valuewere obtained during an October 1998 field visit which included
geologic mapping along the ore body where it outcrops above the mine at Honeymoon Heights (Figures
4.2-21a and 4.2-21 b). The field data are presented in Appendix M. The joint strike and dip data noted on
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the tables were plotted on "stereonets" to assist in identifying the number of joint sets. Referring to
Figures 4.2-21c through 4.2-21g, the stereonets provide a 3-dimensional interpretation of the joint
features in order to evaluate whether the joint sets are coincident. The earlier data suggest that the
occurrence of the fractures andtor joints are relatively random in nature.
The field mapping effort confirmed the absence of mine subsidence-related features along the strike of the
ore body. Referring to Figure 4.2-21b, a depression was discovered southwest of the 700-level portal.
However, the depression appears to have been excavated, and drill rod found adjacent to the feature
suggests that the feature was associated with rock drilling to characterize the ore body.
Based on field data presented in Appendix M, Q values between 14 and 33 were obtained, indicating a
rock mass of "Good" quality. The method requires that these values be plotted against a "Scaled Critical
Crown Pillar Span" Cs, which is directly proportional to the span of the mine opening (Figure 4.2-2111).
The data points representing the Q versus Cs relationship for the Holden site fall into a zone described as
"Stable" based on similar data points obtained from a large number of mine opening case histories.
However, the Holden data is near the border between the "Caving" and "Stable" zones on the plot.
Accordingly, the stability of the mine "surface pillar" cannot be considered assured given the long time
period over which the performance must be addressed and the potential for seismic events during that
period.
The regional geologic structure, particularly faults in the vicinity of the mine, were also evaluated with
respect to the subsidence potential. Although published descriptions of the geology of the Holden Mine
area describe minor faults of varying size and orientation, only one fault appears to be significant enough
to possibly affect the potential for subsidence. This fault directly transects the mine axis and is oriented
in a roughly east-west direction (strike N90E, dip 70 to 80S), i.e., perpendicular to the direction of the
measured maximum principal tectonic stresses for this region (Zoback, M.L. and Zoback, M., 1980,
"State of Stress in the Conterminous United States," Journal of Geophysical Research, V.85, N. B11).
The fault transecting the mine was not included with the mapped joints and discontinuities in the stereonet
used to identify joint sets because this fault serves as the boundary between the two portions of the stope
for which the geologic data were collected (compare Figures 4.2-6a with 4.2-21a and 4.2-21 b). The data
for Scanline 1 were collected south of the fault, and data for Scanline 3 were collected north of the fault.
Mine maps show the stope being discontinued at the fault location (compare Figures 4.1-5b through 4.1-
13 with 4.2-6a). The Norwegian ~eotechnical Institute (NGI) method of evaluation Rock Mass Quality
(Q), which governs the subsidence potential assessment, does incorporate an option to consider
"weakness zones intersecting" or simply influencing the excavation in the selection of the 'stress
Reduction Factor (SRF) component of Q. Our opinion is that since the fault does not directly intersect the
stope itself, the SRF should be based on rock stress considerations rather than weakness zone
considerations. However, even if an unfavorable SRF category is selected based on weakness zone
considerations, the Q value increases by less than 1 percent. Overall, the value of SRF can exert only a
very small influence on the Q value.
The method used by Dames & Moore in this analysis is an empirical one based on case history
information and key features of the mine and geologic conditions. An alternative approach, one used
more frequently for civil works projects, is to identify specific blocks kinematically capable of falling
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from the roof, then evaluating the forces causing and resisting the roof fall process. This approach was
not used due to the obvious lack of roof fall activity observed during and after mining of the stope, and
the relatively weak indications ofjoint sets shown in the stereonets.
The method of evaluating mine subsidence used for this project contains no direct means of incorporating
the presence of a single fault, unless the characteristics of the fault (e.g., strikeldip for "number of joint
sets," "joint" roughness and alteration) are averaged along with those of the other joints affecting the
opening.
There is some level of uncertainty associated with the findings of the subsidence assessment due to
uncertainties related to the engineering properties of the bedrock, the accuracy of the underground mine
maps, and the methods utilized to analyze the subsidence potential. However, the finding that the
"surface pillar" is marginally stable is consistent with the field observations and the case studies utilized
as comparisons.
4.2.6 Windblown Tailings
An assessment of the lateral extent of windblown tailings was completed as part of the EU. The assessment
include the review of aerial photographs with limited site reconnaissance and sampling. The results of the
assessment are presented on Figure 4.2-22 and indicate that the amount of wind-blown deposits detectable
utilizing the methods employed, are generally limited to the area to the northeast of three tailings piles. The
depth of the deposits were noted to generally decrease with distance from the piles. The thickness of the
deposits near the mapped limits were estimated to generally be less than one inch. Those deposits in the
immediate vicinity of the Railroad Creek north and east of the tailings piles were noted in isolated areas to
be on the order of several inches thick.
4.2.7 Existing Railroad Creek Riprap
4.2.7.1 Summary of Historical Findings
The existing riprap lining the south bank of Railroad Creek was placed during the Site reclamation efforts
completed between 1989 and 1991. The rock reportedly originated from an existing rock quarry developed
approximately nine miles to the east of the Site, north of the "Dan's Camp" existing gravel pit, as well as
from road cuts in bedrock situated west of the existing rock quarry and Dan's Camp (Figure 4.2-23). A
review of historical files dating back to the mine tailings rehabilitation project in 1989 to 1991 indicated that
the riprap source was qualitatively assessed.
4.2.7.2 RI Findings
An assessment of the condition of the riprap was conducted as part of the RI. The riprap found at the base
of the tailings was classified into six different types. Types A, B, and C were apparently derived from the
granodioritelmonzonite quarry along the Holden Road, types D and E are volcanic in nature (source
unknown) and type F (fenicrete blocks) was derived locally from the creek bottom (Figure 4.2-24). The
criteria for ranking the riprap are presented in Table 4.2-4. Type A is comprised of large coherent blocks
of competent granodiorite, but is found in significant portions only along reach 2-B (Table 4.2-5). Types B
(quartz diorite to quartz monzonite) and C (diorite to monzonite) are the most prevalent riprap type, but by
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their more mafic-rich, generally smaller and more weathered nature are not good riprap types. In fact, the
Type C boulders have weathered to the extent that, in many cases, all that remains of the original boulders
are piles of gruss. The Schmidt-hammer tests generally corroborate the field observations, in that the Type
A boulders had higher percentage recoveries (52 to 59 percent), than the Type B (24 to 42 percent) and C
boulders (14 to 28 percent).
Types D (latite) and E (rhyodacite) appear to be better quality than Types B and C but at much smaller
proportions along the tailings. Type F (ferricrete) appears to have been used sparingly along tailings pile 2,
but is generally not a good riprap type because of the potential for the iron cement to break down.
In general, riprap deterioration appears to occur by three primary mechanisms:
grain by grain collapse (grussification), which creates entrainable sediment which is
removed during high flows
, boulders exfoliate into plates or flakes which reduce clast size
boulders fragment into small blocks along pre-existing weathered fracture planes
In terms of the breakdown of ferricrete boulders, the scattered material was observed in the field to be
crumbly and disaggregated, likely due to the breakdown of the cement (primarily iron) binding the
conglomerate. This is consistent with observations of the intact ferricrete, which varied in hardness and
cementation. The observed variation in cementation was apparently not only a result of the lack of cement,
but also in some cases due to the degree to which the cement precipitate had fractured, softened or
disaggregated in the channel environment.
In general, the breakdown of the riprap results in smaller boulder sizes with less resistance to motion under
high stream power, and less protection to the tailings slopes.
Based on the above criteria, the riprap condition was graded for each creek slope reach and is summarized in
Table 4.2-5. Overall, there are several areas with relatively competent boulders (i.e., reach 2-B); most of the
reaches have boulders that are relatively weathered (i.e., grussified). Some of the rocks were observed to be
grussified or broken down by weathering, in particular along tailings pile 1. In addition, there is.field
evidence that much of the gruss has been removed by high waters (i.e., high stream flows have eroded loose
sediments fiom riprap, so that a high water line exists where there is no gruss below the high water line).
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4.2.8 Potential Borrow Source Areas
Remedial strategies may require methods to improve protection From wind and stream erosion processes,
and mass inovement hazards. For example, riprap may need to be placed in specific areas due to river
rerouting, places where it is now absent but required (e.g., slope reach 1-A), or supplemented in river
reaches with present low quality riprap (see Section 4.2.7, Existing Railroad Creek Riprap). In addition,
remedial work (e.g., revegetation, recontouring, etc.) of tailings may require a local soil cover source. A
preliminary assessment of potential borrow source areas was conducted to achieve the following objectives:
4.2.8.1 Sand and Gravel
Identify potential accessible sources of riprap within the Railroad Creek drainage basin
Identify potential accessible sources of soil cover within the Railroad Creek drainage basin
Summary of Historical Findings
The gravel currently covering the tailings piles was placed during the 1991 site reclamation efforts. The
gravel reportedly originated from a gravel pit developed at "Dan's Camp" (Figure 4.2-23). Other than the
"Dan's Camp" pit utilized by the USFS previously, no onsite sources of granular borrow material were
identified during the review of historical information,
RI Findings
A borrow source evaluation to identify potential sources of sand and gravel was conducted as part of the RI.
The scope of work included the initial review of geologic maps and aerial photographs for the Railroad
Creek watershed from the Glacier Peak Wilderness boundary down to Lucerne. The objective of the
assessment was to identify a source or sources of granular borrow material as close to the Site as possible.
The gravel pit area at Dan's Camp was assessed visually and appears to be a good source of sand and gravel.
The material exposed in the gravel pit was estimated to be a gravelly sand to sandy gravel, with relatively
low percentages of silt. However, this source is approximately seven miles from the Site.
Referring to Figure 4.2-25, on September 30, 1997, six test pits were excavated in two potential source
areas: (1) three pits east of tailings pile 3 (DMTP3E-4 through DMTP3E-6), and (2) three pits along the
slopes south of the' three tailings piles (DMTP I S- I, DMTP2S- 1, AND DMTP3S- 1). A second objective of
the test pits completed south of the tailings piles was to characterize the near-surface groundwater
conditions in the native soil. The test pit logs are presented in Appendix C. Soils in the test pits were
described generally following USCS standards and were evaluated with respect to approximate grain size
distribution (i.e., percent boulders, cobbles, sands, and fines), maximum boulder size, and range of boulder
sizes.
The onsite potential borrow areas may be adequate sources for soil cover, particularly for elements of the
Site which may require siltier soils. For general tailings pile slope cover, some sorting would be necessary
to sifi out the coarse fraction (which may be suitable as a riprap supplement) and the fine fraction (to
prevent wind transport).
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Infomation and data gathered about the potential source areas is summarized in Table 4.2-6. For each
source area, the following criteria were evaluated: (1) the approximate haul distance to the center of the
Site, (2) the composition and relative size of sources, and (3) the relative feasibility of developing the
source.
4.2.8.2 Riprap
Summary of Historical Findings
The riprap currently covering portions of the southern streambed of Railroad Creek along the toes of the
tailings piles was placed as part of the mine tailings rehabilitation project conducted by the USFS between
1989 and 1991. A review of the project files disclosed that several potential sources of riprap were
identified by the USFS in the Railroad Creek watershed downstream of Glacier Peak Wilderness boundary
(C. Blackbum, 1988). Referring to Figure 4.2-23, these areas included: (1) an outcrop of granitic bedrock
north of the Dan's Camp existing gravel pit, (2) outcrops of granitic bedrock exposed in roadcuts between
Dan's Camp and Holden Village, and (3) a talus slope approximately one mile east of Holden Village.
The talus materials were deposited on the slope as a result of fracturing and rockfall from upslope bedrock
outcrops. The pile of rock on the slope was considered by the USFS to be a potent'ial source of riprap.
However, the risk for injury andlor road closure due to possible rockfall during development resulted in the
source area being eliminated from further consideration (personal communication with AI Murphy, 1997).
The bedrock outcrop north of Dan's Camp was, therefore, developed as a rock quarry, -and portions of
isolated exposures of the bedrock within roadcuts were removed to provide the riprap utilized for the
project.
RI Findings
An assessment of potential riprap sources within appropriate portions of the Railroad Creek watershed were
evaluated. The scope of work included the initial review of available geologic maps and aerial photographs
for the Railroad Creek watershed from the Glacier Peak wilderness boundary down to Lucerne. The
objective of the assessment was to identify a source, or sources, of riprap as close to the Site as reasonably
as possible.
In October 1997, a field reconnaissance was conducted of potential source areas adjacent to the Holden
Road, from approximately milepost 1.6 to Holden Village. The source areas were evaluated with respect to
compositional lithologies, rock genesis (i.e., till, plutonic stock, etc.), potential riprap or soil cover quality,
potential haul distance, and accessibility. In addition, Schmidt-hammer tests were conducted at the potential
riprap source areas on a reconnaissance level to get a relative gauge of potential hardness of the various
sources that were encountered in the identified source areas.
The riprap source used by the USFS in 1989 is noted herein as the Existing Rock Quarry (Figure 4.2-23).
Based on the assessment of current riprap quality along Railroad Creek, this source area would not appear to
be a viable riprap source. This was confirmed upon visual inspection of the quany site and by the Schmidt-
hammer test survey. Although, some portions of the quarry appeared to have relatively competent
granodiorite (Type A in Section 4.2.4; unweathered, low fracture density and relatively high Schmidt-
hammer percentage recovery), most of the quarry was composed of Types B and C. Thus, use of this quarry
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for good quality riprap would necessitate a detailed assessment to determine the rock-type distribution
followed by compositional hi-grading, which may not be practical andlor feasible. Two additional source
areas, Holden Road at 3-mile and Holden Road at 4-mile, appear to contain rock-types with similar
composition to the rock quarry, are not significantly closer than the rock quarry and, therefore, would not
appear to be a good source. In addition, the sources would require further assessment to determine quantity,
compositional quality and techniques for quarry development.
The talus pile at 9-mile has a high potential for a good riprap source. Preliminary findings suggest higher
compositional grade of rock (e.g., relatively competent boulder hardness, sufficient quantity of large boulder
sizes). In addition, the source is near the Site. However, there are a variety of rock types found throughout
the talus pile, so some segregation may be required. In any case, the talus pile will need further assessment
of accessibility, as there may be rock fall or slope stability hazards during excavation.
The waste rock piles southwest of tailings pile 1 were also considered as possible riprap sources, due to
local accessibility. However, the range of sizes and quality is unknown (e.g., hardness tests were not
conducted), and based on visual observations, the maximum boulder size appears to be limited. In addition,
there may be a potential for mineralization which dould adversely affect water quality.
The area east of tailings pile 3 and the slopes south of the three tailings piles were assessed for potential
riprap sources. Neither area is apparently a good riprap source due to: (1) a predominance of fines that
would necessitate hi-grading and large quany sizes, and (2) the maximum boulder size is likely not large
enough to prevent removal by stream action during high flow conditions.
It should be noted that a review of available geologic maps for the portion of Railroad Creek outside the
Glacier Peak Wilderness indicates a number of dikes that include "alaskite" and "quartz diorite." Alaskite is
an igneous rock with a greater proportion of alkali feldspar minerals and is, therefore, considered the most
stable of the granitic rocks in the weathering environment. It is possible that some of the boulders present as
riprap along the base of the tailings piles, as well as in the potential riprap sources identified above, may
actually be alaskite. However, these rocks were combined with the other competent granites and
granodiorites noted herein because they were not abundant as an individual riprap type. It is also possible
that alaskite may be present in the form of dikes within the portions of the wilderness area near Lucerne,
Martin Ridge, and/or Tenmile Creek; however, the deposits within the wilderness area were not evaluated in
the field due to being considered inaccessible.
4.3 SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY
4.3.1 Regional Climate and Hydrology
The climate in the Lake Chelan region is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild to severe winters.
Average monthly temperature varies from highs in the 30s (in degrees C) in July and August to extreme low
temperatures well below 0 in January. Average temperatures are generally below freezing between the
months of November and March. Temperatures vary with elevation and in most circumstances decrease
with elevation. Typically, temperatures decrease by about 2 degrees C for every one thousand feet of
elevation gain (Wallace and Hobbs, 1977); however, this lapse rate can vary seasonally and with particular
weather conditions.
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Precipitation in the region can be highly variable due to strong orographic effects resulting from the
mountainous terrain. Weather patterns generally follow a west to east movement, with precipitation falling
heavily on the western.side of the Cascades and diminishing as the weather system moves east across the
mountains. In the Lake Chelan basin, precipitation is generally higher at greater elevation and decreases to
the east and south (USGS, 1975). Average annual precipitation in the basin ranges from a high along the
Pacific Crest of more than 100 inches, to less than 25 inches east of Chelan.
Streamflow patterns within the Lake Cheian basin are fairly consistent between individual watersheds,
although total runoff can vary significantly due to basin aspect, elevation and extent of glacierization. Flow
regimes are'dominated by snowmelt with peak flows generally occurring in May and June. Low flows
typically occur in late fall and persist until spring thaw. Comparison of average monthly flows for the
Stehekin River, Railroad Creek and the Entiat River reflect elevational differences within each watershed
and the presence of a relatively large percentage of glaciers in the Stehekin upper basin (Table 4.3-1 and
Figure 4.3- I).
4.3.2 Overview of Railroad Creek Watershed Hydrology
The Railroad Creek watershed is elongated and steep, and oriented west to east. Figure 4.3-2 shows the
Railroad Creek watershed and surrounding areas. The valley is characterized by steep-sided slopes carved
by the ,most recent glaciation. The creeks on the side slopes have steep gradients. Elevations of Railroad
Creek range from 6,500 feet msl at its headwaters in the Glacier Peak Wilderness area to approximately
1,100 feet msl at Lucerne, located on Lake Chelan. The average elevation of the basin upstream of Lucerne
is 4,930 feet (USGS, 1984). Most of the Holden Mine facilities and the tops of the tailings piles are between
3,200 and 3,400 feet above msl, which is as much as 200 feet above Railroad Creek and Holden Village.
The Railroad Creek watershed is approximately 65 square miles in size upstream of Lucerne. Lakes '
comprise approximately 0.5 percent of the total watershed area (located at high elevations), and glaciers
comprise approximately 1 percent (Figure 4.3-3). Approximately 68 percent of the basin is forested (USGS,
1984). The average slope of the main stream channel is 4.5 percent; however, the slope varies depending on
location in the watershed. In the vicinity of Holden Mine Site, the channel slope varies from 1 to 2 percent
and becomes steeper downstream. Approximately one half of the watershed is upstream of the Site (3 1
square miles).
The watershed experiences rapid response times from precipitation influx. During the September 1997 field
program, streamflow was observed to rise quickly (less than one day) in response to rainfall, and recede as
quickly when rainfall ceased. Because of these conditions, there is potential for flash flooding on Railroad
Creek, particularly from a combination of high-density rainfall and rapid snowmelt. Historically, a flood of
this type probably occurred on May 28, 1948, when soils were saturated from spring runoff, resulting in an
estimated discharge of 3,900 cfs at Lucerne. During this same storm, a discharge of 3,000 cfs was estimated
at Holden (PNL, 1992).
The Railroad Creek system is partially glacier fed, which contributes to the baseflow during the summer
along with groundwater contribution. Referring to Figure 4.3-3, glaciers comprise approximately 2 percent
of the watershed area of Railroad Creek upstream of the mine. Railroad Creek stream discharge in the Site
area is characterized by generally low flows during winter and peak flows occurring during the months of
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May and June, which coincide with the snowmelt period. Low flows also occur from late summer through
fall; however, there is a possibility of large flow events occurring in the late summer and early fall due to
rainstorms. The hydrologic pattern reflects a steady baseflow provided by glacial melt and groundwater in
the summer and winter punctuated by seasonal storm events of short duration and snow melt of longer
duration.
4.3.3 Site Climate and Hydrology
4.3.3.1 Site Climatic Conditions
Average precipitation at Holden Village from 1962 to 1997 is approximately 38 inches annually, with the
highest monthly amounts occurring between November and January, and the lowest between May and
August. Table 4.3-2 lists average monthly precipitation totals for the period of record at Holden Village
along with estimated monthly totals for the Railroad Creek basin as a whole (above Lucerne). During the
winter of 199611 997 the second highest recorded snowfall occurred, with approximately 500 inches falling
through the winter (NOAA weather records for Holden Village, Appendix H).
The snowpack accumulation during mid-April 1997 was approximately 72 inches at the weather station, and
was 43 inches by May 1, indicating that approximately one-half of the accumulated snow had melted by the
beginning of May. The snowpack had disappeared from the measuring location and most open areas by
May 17 (NOAA weather records for Holden Village, Appendix H); however, field observations during the
RI indicated that one to two feet of snow remained on the ground at this time in shaded areas. Due to the
large snowpack, avalanches upslope of the Site were frequent during the winter of 199611997 (personal
communications with Holden Village residents, 1997).
Monthly average daily temperatures for Holden Village are shown on Table 4.3-3, along with estimated
average daily temperatures and potential evapotranspiration for the basin as whole. 'Potential
evapotranspiration from Holden was estimated based on the average temperature values and estimated
percent cloud cover. The cloud cover data was an average of percentages observed at Seattle and Yakirna
(data is unavailable for Holden). Based on these data, average annual potential evapotranspiration from the
basin h6 been estimated to be on the order of 16 inches (see Section 4.3.5) and actual evapotranspiration
approximately 10 inches.
4.3.3.2 Streamflow Monitoring
Streamflow Monitoring Stations
Streamflow monitoring stations used during the RI are shown on Figures 4.3-3 and 4.3-3a. Stations RC-1
(established to be upstream of the mine-affected area), RC-2 (immediately downstream of the tailings piles),
and RC-3 (at Lucerne) were continued from previous work conducted by PNL and the USFS. New stations
include RC-4 (immediately upstream of the tailings piles), RC-5 (approximately one-half mile downstream
of tailings pile 3), RC-6 (established upstream of RC-I to confirm the upstream limit of the mine-affected
area), RC-7 (adjacent to tailings pile 2), RC-8 (established upstream of RC-3 in an attempt to collect data
where Railroad Creek flows directly atop bedrock), RC-9 (an aquatics sampling station established upstream
of the Copper Creek confluence adjacent to tailings pile I), RC- 10 (approximately three miles downstream
of tailings pile 3), and RC-I 1 (established immediately upstream ofthe Holden Creek confluence after it
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;@ . I
..i: . ''
was discovered that Howe Sound Company likely conducted limited mineral exploration in the Holden
Creek watershed). Stream flow measurements and other relevant data collected during the RI are presented
in Appendix H.
. Streamflow monitoring stations on Copper Creek include CC- I upstream of the tailings piles (established by
PNL and the USFS), CC-2 near the confluence of Copper Creek and Railroad Creek (also established by
PNL and the USFS), and CC-DICC-Dl, which is the Copper Creek diversion (established at the request of
the Agencies). CC-DtCC-Dl flow is diverted from Copper Creek upstream of CC-l and routed through the
hydroelectric plant (Figure 4.3-3a). Flow from CC-DICC-Dl is also diverted for water use at Holden
Village. Flow was also monitored in the portal drainage at stations P-l (where the drainage flows from the
mine portal) and P-5 (upstream of the confluence with Railroad Creek).
Staff gages for measuring water levels are located at stations RC-2, RC-4 and RC-6 in Railroad Creek.
Additionally, a continuously recording water level recorder (Troll) was installed in the stilling well at RC-4
on May 24, 1997. The Troll was removed during the winter due to the low water levels and freezing
temperatures. A staff gage is also located behind the weir which controls flow out of the hydroelectric plant
in the Copper Creek diversion.
Accuracy of Measurements a
The accuracy of strearnflow measurements in Railroad Creek is dependent on several factors, including the
method of measurement, the irregularity of the cross-section, and the degree of turbulence in the water at the
cross-section. Under ideal conditions, discharge measurements with the equipment used (Price AA or
equivalent SWOFFER meter, wading rod and/or bridge board and sounding reel) is assumed to be accurate
to within 2 percent of the actual flow (Rank et al., 1982). However, all of the stations measured at the Site
exhibit highly irregular cross-sections due to the cobble- to boulder-size substrate material. Based on
professional judgment and experience, the irregular cross-section reduces accuracy to within 5 percent of the
actual flow. In addition, using the bridge board and reel is less accurate than wading due to difficulties in
measuring depth and maintaining stable position for the velocity meter; the bridge board is used at higher,
much more turbulent velocities when wading is not possible. Thus, bridge board measurements are
assumed to reduce accuracy by another 5 percent.
Based on the above, wading measurements which, based on experience, can be safely accomplished in
Railroad Creek at the Site when RC-4 river stage levels are approximately 1.5 feet or lower, have an
assumed accuracy within 5 to 7 percent of the actual flow. Bridge board measurements have an assumed
accuracy within 10 to 12 percent of the actual flow.
Stage measurements observed on staff gages installed at RC-2, RC-4 and RC-6 also have a finite accuracy.
During higher flows, staff gage readings have an assumed accuracy of 0.05 foot due to waves and
turbulence disturbing the water level at the gage. This accuracy is based on site-specific experience reading
the gages. At lower flows, less turbulence and waves allow for more accurate gage reading, and is assumed
to be on the order of 0.02 foot. As noted above, a continuous water level recorder (Troll) was installed in a
stilling well at RC-4. The accuracy of the pressure transducer in the data logger is reported by the
manufacturer to be 0.0 1 foot.
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Rating Calculations
Referring to Table 4.3-4, flow measurements were collected on the Site at RC-4 from April 16 to October 4,
1997. One flow measurement at RC-4 (June 16, 1997) and two flow measurements at RC-2 (July 10, 1997,
collected by Dames & Moore, and July 25, 1996, collected by the USFS) were excluded; the excluded flow
measurements appear to represent a physical shift in the stream channel conditions, probably due to scour
and bed movement during the peak flow of June 16. Rating curves were developed for stations RC-4 and
RC-2. A rating curve was not developed for RC-6 due to difficulties in collecting data at this station due to
the irregular cross-section.
Typically, the Railroad Creek streambed is armored and immobile during most flows; however, during peak
flows, the bed may become mobile (i.e., the stream power is capable of moving the cobble- to boulder-size
material which armors the streambed), which affects the stage discharge relation. Subsequent flow
measurements at these stations returned to the previous rating, indicating that the effect of the mobile bed
was short lived due to restabilization of the streambed. The rating curve data and rating graphs are provided
in Appendix H. The rating curves have been developed by fitting a single log-log curve to the stage-
discharge data using linear regression techniques. For both rating curves (RC-2 and RC-4), the regression
analysis showed very good predictability, with correlation coefficients of 0.994 or better. This indicates that
a single flow control over the range of flows measured adequately represents the channel flow conditions.
The best fit ratingequation for RC-4 is:
where:
Discharge = 26.2(G-GZF)"2.58 1
Discharge = flow estimate in cubic feet'per second (cfs)
G = the observed staff gage height (feet)
GZF = the gage height of zero flow (feet) = -0.4
The best fit rating equation for RC-2 is:
where:
GZF = -3.0
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Discharge = O.OS(G-GZF)"5.5 15

The GZF is the depth relative to the staff gage at which flow would be zero. ' The GZF for RC-4 agrees with
channel cross-section data at the measurement section. However, the GZF for RC-2 appears to be too low
to be physically realistic. This indicates that the rating for RC-2, although useful for the purposes of this
project, may not be appropriate for long term use. Assuming a realistic value for GZF, determined from
physical channel measurements, would yield a rating for RC-2 of:
where:
GZF = -0.8
Discharge = 20.1 (G-GZF)"2.835 (4-3)
Equation 4-3 was not used for the RI, but should be used in the fitture if data extrapolation is required. This
equation can be verified and updated if more flow data is collected at RC-2. For the purposes of this study,
however, equation 4-2 was used to estimate flow at RC-2 in order to yield the highest accuracy for flow
estimates in 1997.
4.3.3.3 Railroad Creek
Channel Geomorphology
Overview
Referring to Figure 4.3-2, Railroad Creek flows approximately 18 miles from its headwaters at Lyman
Glacier near the Pacific Crest to Lake Chelan. Approximately 13 tributary streams with watersheds greater
than 1 square mile enter Railroad Creek along its length. The largest,tributaries include Big Creek, Copper
creek, Tenmile Creek, Klone Creek and Tumble Creek. Copper Creek enters Railroad Creek at the Site.
The locations of the streams and the stream gradients were determined based on existing topographic maps
of the watershed (USGS, 1967a and 1967b).
Upstream of Site to Tenmile Creek
Upstream of the Site, the stream gradient is steepest near the headwaters betiveen Lyman Glacier and Crown
Point Falls, just below Lyman Lake (Figure 4.3-3). Between Crown Point Falls and Hart Lake, the stream
gradient averages 3 to 3.5 percent. The gradient steepens again for a short reach below Hart Lake, and then
levels off again in the vicinity of the Site.
From approximately one mile upstream of the Site to one mile downstream of the Site, the stream gradient is
nearly the flattest in the basin (other than immediately downstream of the Tenmile Creek confluence),
averaging between 1 to 2 percent. In this reach, glacial sediments can be observed in occasional cutbanks
with thicknesses in excess of 20 feet in some places.
The stream channel for this segment of stream exhibits bar development, occasional braiding, and a
developed floodplain except in the reach adjacent to the tailings piles. Within the approximate one mile
reach from the vehicle bridge west of Holden Village to the west end of tailings pile 1 (Figure 4.3-3a), the
channel is confined by riprap andlor cribbing along its south bank, and in some areas confined by a steep
embankment along the road on the north bank. Within this confined reach, the channel is relatively straight
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with little or no braiding. Upstream of the vehicle bridge, cutbanks supply sediment to the stream and are
also associated with accumulations of large woody debris (logs and root wads), probably due to
undercutting of trees on the banks as the cutbank erodes. Also at this location, sediment accumulation and i
channel braiding occurs because of proximity to the cutbank source. i
Based on the review of a historic map of Railroad Creek, an old alluvial channel or braid of Railroad Creek
appears to exist beneath the western portion of the Site and tailings pile 1 (Figure 4.3-3b); the map does not
display information east of the northwest comer of tailings pile 2. Referring to Figures 4.2-6b and 4.2-1 1,
geophysical investigation line E-E' (immediately east of tailings pile 3) appears to confirm the eastern extent
of the historical alluvial channel. Reportedly, the main channel was-relocated to its present location when
the tailings piles were constructed. The tailings piles are also underlain by apparent alluviallfloodplain
deposits, suggesting that, prior to mining, the channel reach adjacent to Holden Village occupied a relatively
wide floodplain within which the channel could form braids and develop bars similar to the reaches
upstream and downstream of the tailings.
Presently, a short segment of the creek bed at the east end of tailings pile 3 (immediately downstream of
RC-2) is slightly higher in elevation than the adjacent ground surface. This condition would not be expected
within a natural channel system, and probably exists because sediment which would normally accumulate
within the floodplain has been transported within the straightened reach adjacent to the piles and
accumulated just downstream of the tailings.
Adjacent to Holden Village, from RC-4 to RC-7 (downstream of the Copper Creek confluence), the north
(left) bank exhibits floodplain and occasional woody debris. As stated earlier, the stream gradient within
this reach varies from 1 to 2 percent and streambed materials consist of cobble with occasional small
boulder and some gravel. Below the confluence with the Copper Creek diversion (CC-DICC-Dl) the
streambed exhibits iron staining and accumulations of iron (orange) oxide flocculent/precipitate within the
interstices of the cobbles (see Figure 4.3-3c).
Also in this reach, near the confluence of Railroad Creek and Copper Creek, isolated portions of the south
bank of the creek (SP- 1 area, RC-9 to Copper Creek confluence, and SP-3 area) are cemented with apparent
iron oxyhydroxides (ferricrete) (refer to Figure 4.3-3d). The cementation was found in three portions of the
streambank along tailings piles 1 and 2 and appeared to range in thickness from about 0 to 4 feet. Along this
reach, the streambed itself does not appear to be entirely composed of ferricrete.
Below Copper Creek, 'ferricrete was generally not observed exposed in the streambed. However,
approximately 50 meters of the south bank near the northwestern comer of tailings pile 2, which is
coincident with seep SP-3 (Figure 4.3-3d), was observed to be cemented. It is possible that other isolated
occurrences of ferricrete exist within this reach of the creek, but are masked by the presence of the riprap.
The cobble substrate was generally loose, although a fine iron-oxide precipitate coating was present on the
cobbles and boulders and within the interstices of the substrate. The depth of iron-oxide precipitate
accumulation was not extensive, less than the embedded depth of the small boulders within the streambed
(evidenced by the lack of orange staining on the underside of the larger bed particles).
From the eastern end of tailings pile 3 (RC-2) to RC-5, near the Tenmile Creek confluence, the ferricrete
was not observed and the iron-oxide precipitate was noted as suspended material, but was not measurable on
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the stream substrate (Figure 4.3-3). However, iron staining was observed as coatings on the stream substrate
throughout this stream segment. A more in-depth discussion of the iron-oxide precipitate and ferricrete is
presented in Section 4.3.9.
Tenmile Creek to Lake Chelan
Less than approximately 500 feet downstream of the confluence of Tenmile Creek (approximately one-half
mile downstream of the Site), a large log jam is present which causes a flattening of the stream gradient to
less than one percent. This appears to be the flattest channel gradient in the portion of the basin downstream
of the wilderness boundary, and minor accumulations of fine sediments were observed on the streambed in
backwater areas. Also in this area, beaver activity is evident, wetlands occur, and .the channel and
floodplain broaden.
Downstream of the log jam below Tenmile Creek, the channel gradient gradually increases. Bar
development and braiding in the channel decreases and bedrock outcrops at some locations. At
approximately river mile 6.5 (as measured from the mouth and approximately 4 miles downstream of the
Site), a large erosional feature occurs, which consists of a 50-foot-wide dry cobble and boulder channel that
appears to have been recently carved by Railroad Creek. The channel, consisting of a vertical cutbank of 20
or more feet on the left (north) bank occurs where a recent avalanche entered, the channel.from the south
(right) valley slope, depositing debris on the opposite bank. The eroded channel appears to have been
caused by the avalanche debris blocking the channel.
Downstream of this erosional feature, the channel gradient increases to greater than 5 percent. The average
substrate size, likewise, generally increases from predominantly cobble- to boulder-size particles in a
downstream direction. The channel also becomes, increasingly confined to a steep sided valley, with little
floodplain development. Iron staining also diminishes in this reach. Iron staining on the streambed substrate
becomes nearly indistinguishable from algae and other coatings on the rocks below approximate river mile
5.0 (approximately 5-112 miles downstream of the Site). Bedrock outcrops and channel control increase
between river mile 5.0 to river mile 3.0, where the channel enters a steep walled bedrock canyon, with
several large waterfalls. Below the canyon, the gradient gradually decreases until the creek enters Lake
Chelan; however, bed substrate remains large, dominated by cobbles and small boulders.
Stream flow
- Site
Streamflow in Railroad Creek exhibits a typical snowmelt dominated hydrograph, with sustained peak flows
generally occurring in spring and low flows following through the fall and winter seasons. Large rain events
can cause short lived peak events anytime during the summer and fall, and can contribute to peak flows in
the spring. Baseflows are sustained by groundwater and upper basin meltwater, including glacial melt, in the
summer. During the fall and winter months, groundwater sustains the baseflow, as melting of snow ceases
when temperatures drop below freezing. During the September 1997 RI, flow in Railroad Creek adjacent to
the Site was observed to decrease rapidly (commonly less than one day) when temperatures in the upper
elevations appeared to fall below freezing based on observed snow accumulation, indicating the effect of
freezing on the reduction of melt flow contribution to baseflow.
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Discharge in Railroad Creek was monitored on a continuous basis at station RC-4 immediately upstream of
the tailings piles at the Site. Additionally, water level and discharge was monitored closely at station RC-2
immediately downstream of the tailings piles. Other stations where discharge was frequently measured
were station RC-1 upstream of the Site (considered to be a background station) and RC-3 at Lucerne. All of
these stations could be measured from a bridge or log at relatively high flows. Stations RC-5, RC-SA, RC-
6, and RC-7 were measured less frequently because of the difficulty in wading and measuring at higher
flows.
The hydrograph of streamflow in Railroad Creek at RC-4 is shown on Figure 4.3-4 and includes flow from
April 16 to October 4, 1997. Also on Figure 4.3-4, flow measurements from the other stations are plotted.
RC-2 flows plotted on the hydrograph were estimated from the rating equation for that station
(Appendix H). The hydrograph illustrates the seasonal variability of flows during spring, summer and fall
of 1997. In general, the flow pattern is similar to the long term average for the period of record at Lucerne,
with the highest flows occurring in May and June, followed by a gradual decline, and low flows in fall and
early spring.
Com~arison of Stations
The hydrograph also illustrates the comparability and relationship between flows at all stations. Comparing
Figure 4.3-4 with the hydrograph for the Stehekin River for the same time period (Figure 4.3-5) indicates
that the flow measurements at the two stations were very similar; however, the peak flow at each station
occurred at a different time. The comparison of flows indicates similar general climatic conditions and
basin response, and the difference in peak timing probably indicates micro-climatic and storage differences
between the two basins, and differences in basin aspect which impact the snowmelt characteristics.
Flow relationships between stations was evaluated by comparing measured flows at stations RC-1, RC-2,
RC-3, RC-4 and CC- 1 (the primary tributary between RC- 1 and RC-2) in relation to reference stations RC-2
and RC-4. RC-2 and RC-4 were chosen as the reference stations because they had the most usable and
available data; rating curves were developed for both stations. The rating curves provide a smoothing or
averaging of the measurement error inherent in the flow measurements and stage readings. The flow
relationships were evaluated as ratios of station flow to reference flow computed from the ratings.
Table 4.3-4 presents the results of this analysis. The flow ratios relative to RC-2 and RC-4 were statistically
averaged to provide the most reliable values.
Table 4.3-4 indicates that the rating estimates at RC-4 averaged 2 percent lower than the measured values
for that station, and the rating at RC-2 results in a 3 percent greater estimated flow value compared to the
measured flows. Averaging this error by normalizing the flow ratios for the other compared stations by
negative 2 percent for RC-4 and positive 3 percent for RC-2 (dividing each station ratio by the ratio of each
reference), indicates that gain between stations RC- 1 and RC-4 averages between negative one (indicating a
loss of flow) and zero percent. In contrast, the gain measured between RC-4 and RC-2 averages 12 to 15
percent, of which 12 percent is accounted for by inflow from Copper Creek. The measured gain between
RC-2 and RC-3 averages 79 to 101 percent.
Referring to Figure 4.3-3% the flow ratios between RC-1, RC-4 and RC-2 appear to have seasonal
variability; however, given the potential measurement error, the magnitude of the seasonal variability cannot
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truly be distinguished. However, assuming that the observed measurements reflect actual conditions, it
appears that there is a loss of flow between RC-I and RC-4 during periods of low flow in the early spring
and in the fall. Referring to Figure 4.3-3b, the historical Railroad Creek channel intersects the present
Railroad Creek channel at the approximate midpoint of this reach. Flow measurements collected on May 26,
1997. exhibited an apparent gain in flow between RC-I and RC-2. This may reflect the overall recharge
conditions resulting from snow melt. Similarly, flow between RC-4 and RC-2 appears to exhibit the least
gain during fall and the greatest gain during spring. The flow ratios with Copper Creek do not appear to
have seasonal variability, indicating that flow patterns at this station follow the seasonal flow patterns in
Railroad Creek. This makes hydrologic sense because the basin of Copper Creek is similar, albeit smaller,
than Railroad Creek and would be expected to behave similarly given the proximity of the two drainages.
The seasonal variability evident between stations at the Site and RC-3 at Lucerne are large, and therefore the
difference in flow ratios was considered to be distinguishable from error. A relatively large seasonal
variability in flow pattern is expected between the Site and Lucerne because of elevational differences.
Snowmelt begins and ends earlier in the lower basin, and precipitation is lower; therefore, flows at Lucerne,
which include a large percent of drainage fiom the lower basin, will reflect this contribution.
The flow relationships between RC-4 and RC-3 developed from Table 4.3-4 were used to estimate the
relationship between monthly average flows measured during 1997 at RC-4 (continuous record for part of
April, May, June, July, August and September) and the long-term record at Lucerne. A monthly average for
April was estimated for 1997 by assuming the flows measured in mid-April were representative of flow
early in the month, and daily staff readings maintained by Dave Harris of Holden Village from April 19
through May 19 were used to estimate flow at RC-4 fiom the rating equation. Table 4.3-5 shows the
estimated historical record at RC-4 based on flow relationships between Lucerne (RC-3) and RC-4.
Table 4.3-5 also shows the average of measured flows for 1997.
Comparison of 1997 Flow to Historical Data
The historic flow record for Railroad Creek is 46 years in length. The 1997 flows were larger than the
estimated average monthly values for the Site. Based on a review of the historical record at Lucerne, the
1997 monthly average flows would be the highest on record for May, July and September (see Appendix H)
and near the maximum for June and August. The estimated peak flow in 1997, to be approximately 1,100
cfs (which occurred June 16 at RC-4), would be approximately a 10-year flood event, based on comparison
with the historical record at Lucerne. Thus, flow in 1997 was relatively high in total volume of flow,
consistent with the large snowpack, but not extreme with respect to peak instantaneous floods due to
relatively moderate melt rates.
Predicted Flood Event Flows
To evaluate flood potential at Holden, the historic flow record at Lucerne and historic precipitation data for
the Cascades was used to calibrate a KEC-1 model of the Railroad Creek watershed (AppendixH).
Previous flood estimates for Railroad Creek, developed from the historic flow data at Lucerne, indicate that
the 100-year flood for Lucerne is approximately 3,500 cfs to 3,900 cfs (see Appendix H). The 50 to 100-
year flood at Holden has been estimated to be greater than 3,000 cfs (ORB, 1975; PNL, 1992). The HEC-I
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model predicted a 100-year flood at RC-4 to be approximately 3,100 cfs, and 3,500 cfs at RC-2, which are
within the same range of previous estimates.
4.3.3.4 Copper Creek
Channel Morphology
Referring to Figure 4.3-3a, the channel of Copper Creek flows between tailings pile 1 and tailings pile 2,
and is confined to a relatively steep, moderately incised channel. The portion of the creek bed between
tailings piles 1 and 2 was observed lined with a permeable geotextile material as part of the reclamation
efforts completed by PNL and CH2M Hill between 1989 and 1991. The channel is relatively steep,
averaging 17 percent between stations CC- 1 and CC-2. The channel bed is comprised of boulders, cobbles
and gravel, and the flow reflects a series of falls and cascades. An old channel of Copper Creek exists to the
west of the current main channel upstream of tailings pile 1. The old channel splits off near station CC-1,
and does not presently carry any flow. However, it is conceivable that flow could re-occupy this channel in
the future during a storm event. If this were to happen, Copper Creek has the potential to flow onto a
portion of tailings pile 1.
Streamflow
Streamflow of Copper Creek was measured at CC- 1, or between CC- I and CC-2, 13 times between May
and September during the RI. The flow distribution is plotted on Figure 4.3-6 and indicates that the Copper
Creek flow characteristics are similar to Railroad Creek. Difficulties in collecting accurate flow
measurements due to highly turbulent flow conditions in Copper Creek prevented any meaningful
comparisons of flow within the channel reach between CC-I and CC-2 (flow accuracy is estimated to be on
the order of 15 percent). As previously stated, however, the statistical average of flow measurements
indicate that Copper Creek (including the Copper Creek diversion) consistently comprises about 12 percent
of the flow as measured at RC-4.
The watershed of Copper Creek was measured to be 3.5 square miles in area, which is approximately 12 to
13 percent of the watershed area of Railroad Creek above RC-4. This indicates that flow per unit area of
watershed in Copper Creek is nearly the same as Railroad Creek above the Site. The HEC-1 model was
used to estimate peak floods for Copper Creek, and predicted a 100-year flood event of approximately 350
cfs. This is about 1 1 percent of the 100-yeg flood flow predicted for RC-4 using the HEC- 1 model.
4.3.3.5 Copper Creek Diversion
Channel Morphology
A portion of Copper Creek is routed through a diversion structure approximately one-half mile south of the
Railroad Creek confluence for use in generating power and water supply at Holden Village (Figure 4.3-3a).
The diversion structure, located approximately 650 vertical feet above the valley floor, includes an intake
for a pipe which transports potable water to the water storage tank located to the south of the mill structure;
the tank is connected to Holden Village by a system of pipes. The diversion structure also includes an
intake for a pipe which acts as a penstock for the hydroelectric plant located to the north of the mill building.
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After flowing through the hydroelectric power plant, water from the diversion flows to the west side of
tailings pile 1 and into Railroad Creek upstream of tailings pile 1 (Figure 4.3-3a). This water is in partial
contact with debris and some tailings material within the short reach downstream of the hydroelectric plant
before it enters Railroad Creek. A small portion of this water also flows to the outdoor sauna pool.
Streamflow
Discharge in the Copper Creek diversion is routed over a weir downstream of the hydroelectric plant. The
height of water behind the weir is measured by a staff gage, and can be converted.to flow in cfs via a weir
rating table that is kept in the hydroelectric plant. The discharge was also measured directly by Dames &
Moore in the field. During the April 1997 field program, discharge in the diversion was estimated to be
. approximately 2.8 cfs based on the staff gage height in the pool behind the weir. According to the Holden
Village operations manager, the majority of flow from Copper Creek was diverted during April to provide
power and water to Holden Village (personal communication with Mark Schmidt, 1997).
In 1997 the staff gage behind the weir was read relatively frequently, and ranged uniformly throughout the
spring, summer and fall observations. The weir table indicates the measurements correspond to flows of 6.8
to 7.1 cfs. Direct measurements at the weir indicated slightly lower flows, between 5.5 and 6 cfs. The
relatively minor difference between the rated flow and the measured flow may be due to measurement error
at the weir, or may also be partially due to loss of flow via infiltration within the diversion channel and
stilling pool behind the weir.
4.3.3.6 Portal Drainage
Channel Morphology
Referring to Figure 4.3-3% the portal drainage emerges from the 1500-level main mine portal and flows
downslope in both a man-made ditch and a natural drainage to a point approximately mid-way between
RC-I and RC-4 where it enters Railroad Creek. The drainage channel is composed of cobble and gravel,
with a millimeter or more of whitish precipitate (apparent aluminum hydroxide)'coating the bed materials
throughout its length. Flow measurements were made in the drainage at the upstream end where it emerges
from the mine portal (Station P-I), and at its downstream end just before entering Railroad Creek (Station P-
5) during each sampling round, and on a weekly basis throughout the MayIJune 1997 sampling round.
Streamflow
Flow measurements in the portal drainage at stations P-l and P-5 during 1997 are shown on Figure 4.3-7.
For two out of the three paired flow measurements, P- 1 was greater than P-5, indicating a loss of flow as the
drainage water flows downslope, probably resulting from infiltration into the channel bed. The exception
was during May when snowrnelt runoff between P-l and P-5 resulted in a higher flow at P-5. Flows ranged
from a high in MayIJune of approximately 3.5 cfs, to a low of less than 0.3 cfs in mid-September.
A weir and water level data logger (transducer or Troll) were installed at the 1500-level main portal opening
in the portal drainage in early October 1997 to collect relatively continuous water level data. The weir
consists of wood planking installed across the bottom of the portal opening, with plastic sheeting placed on
the upstream side to prevent leakage, and a V-shaped notch in the planking through which the water flows.
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The data logger, or transducer, was placed in the pool behind the weir and measures water level. A rating
curve was developed to allow discharge flow rates to be determined based on the height of water measured
behind the weir with the transducer.
Referring to Figure 4.3-7% transducer output for the period from early October to late December 1997 was
very erratic. The erratic nature of the data may have been the result of freezing temperatures, which would
likely have caused ice build-up in the V-shaped notch in the weir. The ice buildup could have restricted
water flow through the V-shaped notch, resulting in increased water levels behind the weir. As the water
levels continued to increase, the water would eventually overtop the ice, resulting in melting and a decrease
in the pool level. This phenomenon could have been cyclical, which would explain the plotted data on
Figure 4.3-7a.
Based on the precipitation data presented in Table 4.3-2, the months of highest precipitation at Holden
Village are October through March. Referring to Table 4.3-3, the average temperatures between November
and February are below O°C (32°F). Therefore, the precipitation would fall in the form of snow.
As snow continued to accumulate through the months of November and December, the portal opening
would eventually be filled with snow. The snow would insulate the portal, thereby reducing the likelihood
of freezing. Referring to Figure 4.3-7a, the transducer data output after December becomes less erratic.
Another possible explanation for the erratic data during the period between October and December may be
the impact of freezing temperatures on the operation of the transducer. Due to relatively low water levels
during this period of time, the majority of the transducer would not be in the water, making it susceptible to
freezing. Assuming that the portal opening becomes blocked with snow after ~ecember, as speculated
above, the insulating conditions would reduce the likelihood of freezing conditions, and the transducer
would function normally.
It is also possible that the erratic behavior depicted on Figure 4.3-7a from early October to late December is
the result of a combination of the above-mentioned phenomena. As noted on Figure 4.3-7% the discharge
rate of the portal drainage was observed to be relatively constant from early January 1998 to late April 1998,
and then climbed from approximately 0.05 cfs to approximately 1.80 cfs within approximately one to two
days. Between late April to early June 1998, the discharge rates fluctuated between approximately 0.70 cfs
to 1.70 cfs. However, the data record was interrupted for six days in May 1998 when the plastic lining
placed on the upstream side of the weir failed, resulting in loss of water. The weir was repaired and the
transducer reinstalled on May 7, 1998. Figure 4.3-7b is a graphical representation of portal drainage
discharge and precipitation data collected at Holden Village in 1998. Precipitation data were not available
for Holden Village for October 1997 through early May 1998 in order to allow a comparison of transducer
data for that period of time. However, the comparison of precipitation and transducer data for the period
between early May and mid-October 1998 indicate the following:
For the period of time between early May and midJune 1998, the portal drainage
responded within approximately one day of precipitation events with discharge rate
increases as high as 100 percent when compared to the pre-precipitation event conditions.
The flow increases were short-lived and the discharge rate returned to pre-precipitation
event conditions within approximately one day.
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As the summer season progressed, the response to precipitation events became less evident.
This relatively rapid response to precipitation events suggests that any of the following may be occurring:
(I) the portal drainage reflects the pool level in the mine (it is not possible for the water levels in the mine to
increase fast enough to account for the increased discharge rates observed); (2) the bedrock in the mine is
relatively saturated during spring and early summer and, therefore, responds relatively quickly to
precipitation events; and (3) as the summer months continue, the bedrock becomes less saturated and,
therefore, responds less dramatically to precipitation events.
4.3.3.7 Seep, Surface Water Runon, Runoff, and Infiltration
This section addresses surface waters that contribute to flow in Railroad Creek from the Site that are
intermittent and that do not flow in a defined tributary channel. These surface waters include select seeps
which reflect surface water, runoff and runon. In addition, infiltration of runon and runoff into the tailings
and soils at the Site is also addressed.
Water sample locations that have been designated as seeps include direct groundwater discharges observed
at the ground surface, and drainage ditches which combine runoff generated on the Site and in some cases
runon from upgradient sources. Groundwater discharge may also contribute to flow in ditches. At the
request of the Agencies, ponded surface water that receives seepage and which was sampled during the field
investigation have also been designated as seeps. Table 4.3-6 lists all of the designated seep sample
locations, including seep water source, receiving water and measuredJestimated flow rates for the four
sampling rounds in 1997 and any additional sampling rounds that were collected at each seep location. All
seep sample locations are shown on Figure 4.3-8.
Generally, seeps emerging from the banks of Railroad Creek and from the base of the tailings piles
discharge groundwater directly, and do not include component'runon/runoff flow. The groundwater seeps
are expressions of general groundwater discharge from the valley sidewalls, and typically emerge along
seepage fronts, which become concentrated in specific areas where they were observed and sampled. The
flow in these seeps is greatest during spring immediately after snowmelt, and their highest flow coincides
with the highest groundwater levels (see Section 4.4). Most of the groundwater seeps cease flowing during
the late summer as groundwater levels drop; however, several were observed flowing, albeit at a low rate,
throughout the 1997 field season.
Throughout September and early October 1997, a series of rainstorms resulted in a rise in groundwater
levels with subsequent increase in seepage flow. However, seeps did not increase flow or begin to flow
again until the beginning of October after several weeks of rainfall. Nearly 4.5 inches of rain fell in
September and more than 3 inches at the beginning of October, including 6 storms exceeding 0.5 inch in 24
hours (Figure 4.3-9a), before seep flow was observed to increase. This relation suggests that there is a lag
time between recharge and seep response, and that a relatively large amount of recharge is necessary to
replenish groundwater levels before seepage flow is increased.
In general, flow from groundwater dominated seeps is low relative to flow in Railroad Creek. Groundwater
seeps located along the streambanks of Railroad Creek are also impacted by the water levels in the creek.
These seeps, including SP- I, SP-3, ~ ~14, SP-9, SP- I OE, SP- 1 OW, SP- I 1, SP- 12, SP-24, and SP-25, become
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submerged at high water levels. Flow in SP-5 (near the northeast comer of tailings pile 3) varies in direct
response to flow in Railroad Creek because the discharge point for this seep is below the water surface
elevation in the adjacent Railroad Creek. Thus, head in the creek influences flow rates in SP-5.
Referring to Figure 4.3-8, surface water runon from offsite sources onto the tailings,and mine workings, and
subsequent direct surface runoff fiom the tailings and mine-related features was evaluated by observations
made during the MayIJune, July and September 1997 field programs.
During MayJJune 1997, water was flowing in drainage ditches on the upslope side of tailings pile 1 (SP-20)
which was routed directly into Copper Creek. The water in this ditch appeared to be rneltwater from upslope
wooded areas, and to a lesser degree meltwater generated on the access road to the tailings piles. Although
the majority of this water was routed into Copper Creek, an unknown amount of surface water was observed
infiltrating into an apparent open decant tower at the upstream end of tailings pile 1 (near the northeast
comer of the base of the eastem waste rock pile), thus potentially contributing to groundwater stored within
this pile.
During MayIJune, flow in the SP-18 drainage channel, which discharges to SP-21 and then into.Railroad
Creek downstream of tailings pile 3, also appeared to include snowmelt from areas upslope of tailings piles
2 and 3.
Seepage water was also observed in May emanating from the base of the eastern waste rock pile (SP-8).
The water was observed flowing into a culvert and then across tailings pile 1 in a drainage ditch constructed
by the USFS in 1991 (SP-19). The water eventually flowed into the Copper Creek diversion below the
sauna pool. The potential exists that water infiltrates into tailings pile 1 for the brief period of seepage flow.
Direct meltwater runoff from the abandoned mill area and waste rock piles collected in seeps SP-6, SP-7
and SP-15 and was routed into the lagoon (SP-16), with limited discharge into Railroad Creek. Meltwater
runoff also appeared to comprise a component of SP- 12, SP-23, and the Honeymoon Heights intermittent
drainage (SP-14). Flow from SP-12 and SP-23 discharges directly into Railroad Creek. Flow in SP-14 has
no direct surface outlet into Railroad Creek; however, the drainage feature appears to be coincident with an
apparent avalanche chute which terminates near both SP-12 and SP-23. A seep was observed flowing from
the base of the 800-level waste rock pile and into the intermittent drainage (SP-14) during June 1998
(personal communication with Rick Roeder, Ecology, and Norm Day, Forest Service, 1998); however, the
seep was not observed later during a visit in July 1998.
During sampling events in July and September 1997, surface water runoff was not observed on the tailings
piles. During relatively high rainfall in mid-September, runoff was observed pooling in the drainage ditches
at the southern end of tailings pile 1 and flowing in road ditches along the access road to the museum and
portal area. Additionally, SP-14, SP-1 5E and SP-23, which were all dry before the precipitation events,
began to flow again within several days, indicating a relatively rapid response to rainfall runoff. Surface
water runoff also accumulated in meltwater ponds on tailings pile 1, in the wetland area east of tailings pile
3, and in the SP-2 area.
Based on these observations, it is concluded that drainages associated with SP- 12, SP- 14, SP- 17, SP- 18,
SP- 19, and SP-23, carry runoff from rneltwater and heavy rainfall. SP-6, SP-7, and SP- 15 also transport
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4-54 DAMES & MOORE

unoff into the lagoon (SP-16). Observations of the surface of the tailings piles and slopes within the Site
area indicate that there is little evidence of rilling or any overland runoff from the tailings piles. This
observation would include that infiltration to the tailings piles is more likely to occur as compared to
runoff. The only area where rilling from overland runoff was observed was in windblown tailings piles
and soils west of tailings pile 1, between the tailings piles, and the Copper Creek diversion in the area
immediately down slope of the access road, and in the windblown tailings and soils within the Copper
Creek channel and banks between tailings piles 1 and 2. Runoff from the west side of tailings pile 1
would flow into the SP-19 ditch or into the Copper Creek diversion channel, and runoff within the Copper
Creek channel would flow directly into Copper Creek.
Runon from upgradient sources during melt and heavy rainfall would tend to be routed in existing drainages
either to Copper Creek, the Copper Creek diversion, directly into Railroad Creek, or into the SP-16 lagoon;
the water which collects in the lagoon appears to infiltrate into the subsurface soils. Some of the runon
collected in the ditches and lower-lying areas on the surfaces of the tailings likely infiltrate into the
subsurface. The amount of infiltration resulting from run-on into the tailings is not expected to be large
because of the relatively small areas of infiltration and the relatively low permeabilities measured in
surfaces of the tailings historically by others (Hart Crowser, 1975) and Dames & Moore during the RI.
Runoff from the tailings piles and surrounding areas would be generated when either snowmelt or rainfall
exceeds the infiltration and holding capacity of the surface soils. The holding capacity is a function of the
slope and storage capacity or condition of the surface. Surfaces that are highly irregular and include a
porous material or dense leaf litter, tend to hold more water within interstices and in puddles. Smooth
surfaces made up of uniform materials will generate more runoff. Surface slopes on the tailings piles are
relatively flat and in some areas shallow ponds develop (as observed on the southern portion of tailings pile
2 during the May 1997 and 1998 sampling events). Additionally, loose gravel surfacing on the piles allows
for water to be stored within the surface soils, encouraging infiltration and decreasing runoff potential.
Surrounding soils on slopes are steeper; however, they include leaf litter and organic forest soils that would
store water and inhibit the generation of runoff. Neither the surface conditions on the tailings piles or on
surrounding areas are conducive to creating runoff and runon to adjacent areas.
Steep tailings pile slopes, areas that are not capped by the loose gravel, and compacted access road surfaces
are more likely to generate runoff and runon during snowmelt and during large rainfall events. Limited
rilling was observed during the RI in several of these areas. Runoff is also generated from areas that
become saturated and are sloped. These saturated areas occur adjacent to drainages and where snow or
rainfall accumulates. The saturated areas appeared to occur adjacent to drainage ditches on the upslope side
of the tailings piles and in lowland areas on the banks of Railroad Creek.
The infiltration potential of the tailings material beneath the gravel cap has been estimated to be on the order
of 4 to greater than 20 inches per day under saturated conditions (see Section 4.4). The saturated infiltration
capacity, under most conditions, represents the lowest potential infiltration rate. Exceptions to this occur
when extremely dry soil repels water due to surface tension of the dry dust. However, dryness under most
conditions will accelerate infiltration because of negative pressure, heads in the soil. Comparing the
saturated infiltration capacity to expected snowmelt rates, assumed to have averaged 1.6 inches per day (50
inches of water equivalent snowpack for 1997 melted over the time period April 1.6 to May 19) indicates
that melt rates are generally below potential infiltration capacities of the tailings pile material. Based on
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this, it is possible that the snow which accumulated on the tailings piles could have infiltrated in 1997,
except in areas of steeper slopes and where the ground became saturated. However, during days of high
snowmelt, runoff may be generated in areas where the infiltration capacity is lowest, as illustrated by the
fact that the drainage ditches were observed flowing for periods of time in May and June. Few rainfall
events are expected to exceed the infiltration capacity, except during the most extreme events, including
hypothetical 50- and 100-year storms.
4.3.3.8 Other Tributaries to Railroad Creek
Several tributaries to Railroad Creek (Figure 4.3-2), other than Copper Creek (and the Copper Creek
diversion), were sampled during 1997 and 1998 field programs and included Tenmile Creek, Holden Creek,
RC-I 1, and Big Creek. The flow data collected for the tributaries was limited to one measurement. RC-I 1
is included as a tributary but is actually on Railroad Creek upstream of the Holden Creek confluence and is
considered an upper basin tributary to the main channel of Railroad Creek.
Flow in Tenmile Creek in September 1997 was approximately 7 cfs, which was comparable to Copper
Creek, excluding the Copper Creek diversion. The watershed area of Tenmile Creek is approximately 4
square miles (larger than the drainage of Copper Creek); however, the flow was significantly lower, by
about one-half assuming the diversion was flowing at about 7 cfs. This indicates that flow contribution
from the north side of the Railroad Creek basin may be less than the south side during spring due to the
south-facing aspect of the slopes (solar gain during the winter months likely melts some of the snow before
spring arrives).
Flow in the upper tributaries generally was not measured directly, but was visually estimated. During the
October 1997 sampling event Holden Creek was estimated to be flowing at approximately 40 cfs, and
Railroad Creek at RC-I I was estimated to be flowing at between 150 and 200 cfs. At the time of these
estimates, flow at RC-4 was approximately 280 cfs. The watershed area of Railroad Creek above RC-1 I is
approximately 14 square miles, and the watershed area of Holden Creek is approximately 3 square miles.
Based on watershed area ratios, the expected flow at RC- I 1 would be about 5 1 percent of the flow at RC-4
(watershed area 27 square miles) and Holden Creek would be about 1 1 percent of the flow at RC-4.
4.3.4 Railroad Creek Streambank Erosion
Channel observations in Railroad Creek indicate that sediment sources are limited within the basin, and that
the channel carries a relatively low sediment load. For mountain streams in the Cascade Mountains, this
condition is characteristic of channels exhibiting frequent cascading reaches alternating with relatively
straight channel reaches with uniform bed material, and large clast riffle pool channels with bar
development (Montgomery and Bufington, 1997); all of these conditions exist in Railroad Creek. This is
also evidenced by relatively low amounts of sedimentation and limited delta development at the mouth of
Railroad Creek. Because of the low sediment load and narrow valley for the majority of the basin, channel
braiding is not a dominant feature of Railroad Creek. However, in the wider areas, braiding does occur, but
likely does not shift frequently.
Channel erosion, therefore, is limited throughout most of the Railroad Creek channel reach, except for those
cases where the presence of obstructions causes flow energy to be directed toward a bank. As noted above,
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this appears to have been the case at river mile 6.5, where an apparent avalanche during the winter of
1996197 caused Railroad Creek to erode a side channel. This demonstrates that stream power within
Railroad Creek can be large enough to move and transport large amounts of sediment, and erode its banks if
flow becomes obstructed.
During most flow events, the channel bed material, which consists of cobble- to boulder-size material, is
armored against bed movement and scour (i.e., the bedload is too large for typical flows to move).
However, during peak flow events, channel scour can occur. miis is evidenced by an apparent shift in the
stage-discharge rating relationships at both RC-4 and RC-2 after the peak flow in June 1997. The stage-
discharge rating seemed to recover (return to the pre-peak condition) within a relatively short time (several
days to weeks); consequently, the channel scour effects do not appear to be long lasting and large.
Railroad Creek was observed to transport fine sediment during high flow events in the form of orange (iron-
oxide) flocculent. During two high flow events (during May and September 1997), the water in Railroad
Creek became relatively turbid and orange in color. This condition decreased significantly downstream, but
was still visible at RC-3 (Lucerne) during the periods of storm events, but diminished soon thereafter.
For the channel reaches in Railroad Creek where Wolman pebble counts were completed to assess dominant
channel bedsize (see Habitat study and Appendix H), an evaluation of the preferred channel form (straight
or braided) is possible based on Henderson (1964). Henderson presents the following equation as a
predictor of whether a channel will have a tendency to be straight or to braid based on channel slope and
average bed grain size:
where:
S = channel slope
d = average grain size in feet
Q = dominaht discharge in cfs
The dominant discharge is considered the discharge which would cause bed movement, usually taken to be
the 2- to 5-year flood event. For Railroad Creek near the Site, the average bed size is typically 0.5 feet, and
the dominant discharge can be taken to be about 900 to 1,000 cfs (the 2- to 5-year peak flow estimated From
the Lucerne historical flow data, and the flood that apparently caused bed scouring at RC-4 and RC-2).
Based on the above values, a channel slope of less than about 1.2 percent would result in a straight channel,
and a slope greater than 1.2 percent would be braided. At the Site, the channel slopes are around 1.5 percent
on average, indicating that the channel is right on the edge of a geomorphologic threshold. This condition
indicates that a channel disturbance could easily cause the channel to by and adopt a wider or braided
channel to establish equilibrium. As the channel slope steepens downstream From the Site braiding does
appear to develop (between RC-2 and RC-5A, and downstream of the log jam at Tenmile Creek) until the
bed size increases in response to higher stream power (greater discharge and velocity), thus increasing the
threshold slope.value. This analysis does not consider the effect of the channel confinement by the valley
sides and by riprap andlor cribbing along the tailings piles. However, it indicates the potential for the creek
to erode its banks, especially if a channel blockage or disturbance were to occur.
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4.3.5 Basin Average Climatic Water Budgets
Basin average monthly water balances or budgets were developed for the portion of the Railroad Creek
watershed above Lucerne and the reach above RC-4 to evaluate the relationship between water inputs and
outputs, including precipitation and glacial melt runoff (inputs), streamflow runoff and evapotranspiration
(outputs). The water, budgets assumed that, over the long term. change in storage within the basin,
consisting of changes in groundwater storage and storage as permanent ice and snow (glaciers) were
negligible. The long term precipitation and temperature data for Holden Village were used to develop the
long term water budgets, adjusted to represent either the entire watershed above Lucerne, or the watershed
above RC-4. Table 4.3-6a presents the water balance results.
The component parts of the water budgets are described by the equation:
where:
Q = streamflow runoff
Q=P+M-ET-I+GW+CS
P = precipitation
. ,
M = meltflow From glaciers and stored ice
ET = evapotranspiration
I - infiltration
GW = groundwater
CS = change in water storage in the watershed
The change in storage within the watershed reflects groundwater recharge and discharge, and accumulation
and melt of precipitation stored as snow. Within typical watersheds, storage conditions tend. to equalize
over a period of years assuming climatic changes do not occur, or if so, the changes occur at a rate too slow
to significantly impact watershed storage. Over the long term M, I, GW, and CS are assumed to equal zero.
In completing an annual basin average water budget for Lucerne, some of the variables presented in the
above equation were found not to be applicable. The annual basin average water budget was calculated
based on long term average annual precipitation (USGS, 1984), and discharge measured at Lucerne was
completed as a check on the monthly estimates bked on the following equation:
where:
P=Q+AET
P = average annual precipitation for the basin (52 inches)
Q = average annual streamflow runoff (42.5 inches)
AET = average annual evapotranspiration (10.5 inches)
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DAMES & MOORE

Referring to Table 4.3-6a and 4.3-6b, the results of the annual water budget yields a comparable value for
AET as was estimated from potential evapotranspiration (PET) and the monthly water budget data. The
long term monthly water budgets are considered to be reasonably representative of actual conditions. Based
on this, long-term and short-tern (1997 spring and summer) water budgets were developed for the Site
using the same estimating methods. The water budgets shown on Table 4.3-6b assume a Site area of 120
acres located between RC-4 and RC-2, including the tailings piles, the waste rock piles and the mill site.
The water budget totals were estimated by subtracting the estimated evapotranspiration (in inches) and
runoff (converted to inches by dividing the runoff totals for the month by the estimated 120 acres of
contributing area) from the total precipitation. If the precipitation was less than the evapotranspiration, then
evapotranspiration is limited to the available water, or the precipitation total.
The objective of the analysis is to evaluate whether climatic inputs (P) could account for the observed
groundwater and seep ~noff from the Site. As an average estimate of runoff, the Railroad Creek flow
relationship ratios were used. As stated previously, runoff between RC-4 and RC-2 averages between 0 and
3 percent of the flow at RC-4, excluding input from Copper creek (Table 4.3-4). Taking the average of this,
runoff from the Site w& assumed to be one half of the average (this assumes half of the estimated inflow
arrives from the south side of the valley), or 0.75 percent of the monthly average flow at RC-4.
Based on these assumptions there is a significant deficit of water at the Site based on the negative net
change in storage (Table 4.3-6b). The deficit in the Site water budgets indicate that a significant portion of
inflow (groundwater and seepage) between RC-2 and RC-4 is generated from areas upgradient of the Site.
On average, the upgradient source inflow could be as high as 40 percent (total deficit divided by total
runoff). The upgradient inflow source areas probably include groundwater recharge higher up in the basin
discharging through the bedrock and alluvial aquifers beneath the tailings and waste rock piles, down valley
groundwater flow through the alluvial floodplain sediments which underlie the tailings piles, and to a lesser
degree recharge upslope of the tailings and waste rock piles and the mill building from upgradient meltwater
runoff.
A discussion of the site-specific water balance is presented in Section 4.4.4.
4.3.6 Hydraulic Analysis and Synthesis
4.3.6.1 Predicted Flood Levels at Site
The climatic data, watershed characteristics determined from topographic maps, and historic streamflow
data were used to develop and calibrate a watershed model Hydrologic Engineering Center-l (HEC-1) of
the Railroad Creek basin. The model predicted the 100-year and lesser floods for comparison with previous
flood estimates (ORB, 1975), and as input to the HEC-2 hydraulic model of the channel adjacent to the
tailings piles.
The HEC-I and HEC-2 models of Railroad Creek watershed and Railroad Creek channel adjacent to the
Site provide estimates of water levels and flow velocities along the tailings piles. The results of the
modeling indicate areas of potential erosion for use in the development of remedial design options to
address the potential for erosion of the tailings piles. Geomorphologic observations and observations of
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surface erosional features provide information to assess the potential for transport of eroded tailings to and
within Railroad Creek.
To further evaluate the potential for flood impacts and erosion within the reach adjacent to the Site during a
hypothetical large flood event, a HEC-2 hydraulic model was developed for the reach with the estimated
100-year flood event routed through the reach from RC-I to RC-2. The input data for the HEC-2 Site
modeling was the HEC-1 basin modeling; the &-1 data and model results are provided in Appendix H.
In summary, areas of potential erosion were identified when hypothetical Railroad Creek flow levels
overtopped protected banks within the reach and flow could not expend energy within a floodplain on the
opposite bank. This condition occurred upstream of the right abutment at the Railroad Creek foot bridge (at
RC-4), at the Copper Creek confluence, and at the left abutment at the Goat Bridge ("Sven's Bridge") (at
RC-2).
Based on the results of the modeling, the water levels within Railroad Creek at the Copper Creek confluence
were elevated due to momentum exchange resulting from Copper Creek entering Railroad Creek at a 90
degree angle. In many places within the reach, the model indicated flow within Railroad Creek to be near or
at "critical velocity." When flow is at or above critical velocity, flow is unstable and disturbances can cause
a "hydraulic jump." Within this type of flow situation, water levels increase through the jump, and
turbulence is extreme, as suggested by the model at the Copper Creek confluence. Because of this, the area
at the junction of Copper Creek and Railroad Creek is susceptible to greater erosion potential than any other
stream segment protected by riprap. During field observations, it was noted that cobbles and other alluvial
sediments had been deposited near the top of the riprap protecting tailings pile 2 immediately downstream
of the Copper Creek confluence. This was the only segment of Railroad Creek on the Site where this was
pbserved and seems to verify the results of the HEC-2 model. At all other locations adjacent to thk tailings,
the predicted water levels appeared to be slightly below the top of the riprap.
A potential concern was identified during field observations of the portion of Copper Creek upstream of the
tailings piles. An old channel of the creek was observed to the west of the existing channel. The abandoned
channel is currently dry, and splits off From the main channel upstream of CC-1 (Figure 4.3-3a). However,
in the event that this channel were to be reoccupied, flow could be directed onto the top of tailings pile 1.
4.3.6.2 Predicted Riprap Size to Prevent Erosion
The following summarizes the results of ofice analyses to estimate the size of the riprap for Railroad Creek
adjacent to the tailings piles in order to prevent erosion during a hypothetical 100-year storm event. The
methods used were based on an average velocity in the channel section for the 100-year event, based on
Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model output and depth and slope
method From the Soil Conservation Service (SCS, 1975). The baseline data included channel width, depth,
side slope, average channel velocity and slope. These data were obtained in the field and from HEC-RAS
hydraulic modeling results.
Average Stream Velocity Equations Method
The following equations were used to estimate the average riprap rock size (DSO) in feet'based on average
channel velocity (Blodgett and McConaughy, 1986). The average channel velocity along tailings piles 2
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and 3 was determined to be 10 to 1 1 feet per second, with a maximum estimated velocity between 13 and 15
feet per second during the hypothetical 100-year event.
where:
where:
where:
Va = average channel velocity in feet per second
D50 = 2.2 feet
(Source: USDOT, 1970)
D50 = 1.7 feet
D50 = 0.0122(Va)"2.06
(Source: Blodgett and McConaughy, 1986)
D50 = 3.5 feet
D50 = 0.0 l(Va)"2.44
(Source: Blodgett and McConaughy, 1986)
Based on the above equations, the average D5O riprap size should be on the order of 2 to 3 feet in order to
protect the lowermost tailings pile slopes from erosion by Railroad Creek.
SCS Method
Utilizing the SCS method, the following riprap rock size was calculated:
Input Data:
Channel side slope = 1.5 to 2.5 to 1, average 2 to 1
Channel slope = 1.5 percent
Average channel depth = 5 feet
Channel width = 50 feet
Channel discharge = 3,500 cfs
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*
The D50 equation is obtained from the graphs in the SCS method and/or the following equation:
where:
Q = discharge
S = channel slope
DSO = 12(1 18QSA2. 17RIP)"0.33
RIP = the hydraulic radius divided by the wetted perimeter which is a hnction of
channel width, depth, and side slope
Utilizing the SCS method, the estimated D50 is, therefore, approximately 1.5 feet in order to protect the i
lowermost tailings pile slopes from erosion by Railroad Creek.
i
I
Summary of Riprap Size Analysis 1
Based on all of the above methods, the riprap D50 should be on the order of 1.5 to 2 feet in diameter in
order to protect the lowermost tailings pile slopes from erosion by Railroad Creek. However, the D50 for
the SCS method assumes straight channels; thus, these rock sizes should not be used at the confluence of
Copper Creek, which is at a bend of Railroad Creek and has the potential to experience super elevation. The
larger estimated rock sizes would, therefore, be determined to be necessary to prevent erosion immediately
downstream of the Copper Creek confluence.
The results of the assessment of the condition of the existing riprap (Section 4.2.7) indicates a range of
actual rock sizes (Table 4.2-5). A complete inventory of the riprap sizes was not completed. However, it
appears that the existing riprap for portions of the Railroad Creek streambank is not of sufficient size to
prevent erosion of the tailings piles during a 100-year event.
4.3.7 Baseflow and Surface WaterIGroundwater Interaction
Groundwater and surface water interaction throughout the Lake Chelan Watershed and in the Site vicinity is
assumed to be largely dependent on the highly variable geologic conditions. In general, the alluvial and
glacial aquifers in hydraulic continuity with a river or stream typically experience a high degree of water
exchange with the associated water source. These aquifers typically discharge to streams during low flow
periods and receive recharge from the stream during high flow periods. Aquifers, like the bedrock aquifer,
that are separated from surface water bodies by depth or distance are relatively "confined" and/or are
composed of low permeability materials and require greater periods of time for water exchange to occur,
resulting in attenuation or dampening of the seasonal variability associated with surface water trends.
Based on the hydrologic conditions in the Railroad Creek basin, the single most significant hydrologic
event of the year is snowrnelt, which comprises the primary groundwater recharge event and source of
streamflow to Railroad Creek. Summer and fall rainfall events in excess of 0.5 inches occur relatively
infrequently at the Site; however, they can result in rapid increases in streamflow and groundwater
recharge. Rainfall events observed during the September 1997 sampling period indicated that flow in
Railroad Creek and Copper Creek can rise relatively rapidly, once the watershed becomes saturated.
However, seep flow appears to lag considerably behind the creeks in response to rainfall. Rain stoms
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that began at the Site in mid-September 1997, and continued off and on through October resulted in
significant increases in streamflow oflen within approximately 12 to 24 hours of the rainfall event.
However, seepage flow increases were not observed during the summer rainfall events, but were noted
during a larger rainfall event in October 1997, and then only in selected seeps along the tailings piles (SP-
2 and SP-3) and selected seeps upstream of the tailings (SP-7, SP-14, SP-15, SP-23 and SP-23B). This
indicates that a relatively large influx of rainfall infiltration is necessary to saturate the soils underlying
the Site and cause seep flow increases after a prolonged dry period.
Baseflow in Railroad Creek is sustained by discharge from lakes and subsurface flow from glaciers, and
frorn groundwater inflow along its length. Baseflow is defined as a steady low flow condition which
reflects sustained inflow from groundwater and surface water stored in the basin, and is not a direct response
to meteorological events such as rainfall and snowlice melt. In the vicinity of the Holden Mine Site,
groundwater inflow to Railroad Creek occurs from seeps and from groundwater discharge directly through
the streambed.
Baseflow conditions were observed in Railroad Creek during the mid-April 1997 (Table 4.3-7) stream
sampling event, and during the baseflow survey completed in mid-September 1997 (Table 4.3-8). An
additional baseflow survey was performed in October 1998. At thc time of these observations, the stage
(water surface elevation) in Railroad Creek remained nearly constant, indicating a baseflow condition with
runoff frorn rainfall and snowlice melt not a significant contributor to flow.
4.3.7.1 April 1997 Survey
During the April baseflow observations, stage at RC-4 increased slightly after the first flow measurements
were made (April 16, 1997), but then remained constant during the remainder of time that flow
rneasurements were collected (April 17, 1997, to April 18, 1997). Table 4.3-7 shows the magnitude of flow
measured at each station, displayed on the table from upstream to downstream (Figures 4.3-3 and 4.3-3a).
Flow measurements made on April 16, 1997, between RC-6, RC-I and RC-4 indicate that there is a gain in
flow between RC-6 and RC-1, and a loss of flow between RC-I and RC-4. Considering the assumed
accuracy of the wading measurements used to measure flow (+I-5 to 7 percent), the gain in flow between
RC-6 and RC-I may range between 0 to 16 cfs. Similarly, the loss of flow between RC-1 and RC-4 may
range between approximately - 1 1 cfs and a gain of 6 cfs. A gain in flow between RC-6 and RC-1 would be
the expected condition for Railroad Creek, as the creek generally gains flow in a downstream direction over
its length. However, the apparent loss of flow between RC-I and RC-4, although not expected, is
corroborated by the flow relationships identified in Table 4.3-4. As discussed previously (Section 4.3.3.3),
the loss of flow between RC-1 and RC-4 may reflect downvalley flow through an old Railroad Creek
channel buried beneath the tailings piles.
It is difficult to assess the groundwater inflow between RC-4 and RC-7 during the April 1997 sampling
because of the contribution fiom Copper Creek, which could not be measured due to snow cover, and a
slight increase in stage between the April 16 and 17 measurements which may have increased flow between
flow measurements at RC-4 (morning of April 16) and RC-7 (afternoon of April 16). However, assuming
that Copper Creek accounted for 4 to 10 cfs of the gain between the stations, and the increased stage
(observed between the time that flow was measured at RC-4 and RC-7) accounted for 6 cfs (based on the
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effect of a 0.05-foot stage increase at RC-4 as estimated from the .RC-4 rating curve), a baseflow increase of
1 to 7 cfs could be attributed to groundwater inflow along thk channel reach.
Flows measured at RC-7 and RC-2 indicate a gain in flow between these stations of approximately 3 cfs
accounting for an increase of 6 cfs between April 16 and April 17 due to a rise in stage of 0.05 feet. This
groundwater gain is approximately 3 percent of the flow measured at RC-2, which is comparable to the
maximum percentage gain estimated in Section 4.3.3.3 using the average flow increase between RC-4 and
RC-2 (subtracting Copper Creek) for all of the 1997 measurements. Flow was observed to decrease
between RC-2 and RC-5 (located downstream of RC-2; see Figure 4.3-3) by approximately 8 cfs (9 percent
relative to RC-2), which is consistent with field observations.
4.3.7.2 September 1997 Suwey
A baseflow survey was also completed during the September 1997 sampling round to evaluate the baseflow
conditions before the winter season. During this survey, flow was measured in one day at all streamflow
monitoring stations at the Site (Figures 4.3-3 and 4.3-3a). Table 4.3-8 shows the flow measurements
obtained during this survey. The results of this survey indicate a different groundwater contribution pattern
compared to April 1997. Flow measurements between RC-I and RC-4 indicate a gain of approximately 5
cfs, of which 0.3 cfs was determined to be from the portal drainage. The measured flow gain, however, is
within the measurement error @ 5 to 7 percent); consequently, the findings are not conclusive..
Flow measurements between RC-4 and RC-7 indicate a gain of 13 cfs which can be accounted for entirely
by Copper Creek flowing into Railroad Creek within this reach. This indicates that there is little
groundwater gain along this reach. During this sampling event, most of the seeps along this reach were not
flowing or were flowing at extremely low rates. Additionally, flow was apparently lost between 'RC-4 and
RC-9; however, there does not appear to be an explanation for this and may be the result of measurement
error. The flow loss as measured indicates that the reach is not gaining significantly from groundwater.
There also does not appear to be groundwater gain between RC-7 and RC-2. Flow between RC-2 and RC-5
(downstream of RC-2) indicates a similar pattern as April, with an apparent loss of flow. However,
referring to Table 4.3-8 and Figure 4.3-3% this flow is apparently regained downstream of SP-21, which
indicates that there is a groundwater contribution near the valley wall on the south side of the creek
(downstream of tailings pile 3).
4.3.7.3 October 1998 Survey
Additional baseflow measurements were made during October 1998 in Railroad Creek between stations
RC-6 (encompassing RC- I) and RC-4 in order to further characterize the nature of the flow loss that was
observed between RC-1 and RC-4 during 1997. The 1998 baseflow survey was designed to characterize
the flow loss noted between RC-I and RC-4 in 1997, and to evaluate the specific locations of this loss.
The streamflow measurement error is assumed to be on the order of 5 to 7 percent of the actual flow
because of the irregular streambed, and therefore individual measurement error could easily be greater
than the necessary detection of flow gains and losses. Therefore, the streamflow measurement strategy
included four measurements at each selected station to provide an average value of the flow.
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The October 1998 baseflow survey included five stations (BF-I through BF-5) between RC-6 and RC-4
(Figure 4.3-10). Over the course of the measurements (approximately 5 hours) the stage in Railroad
Creek was measured continuously with an electronic data logger situated at RC-4. The data indicated that
the stage in Railroad Creek did not change, indicating that the flow measurements are directly
comparable.
-.. Referring to Figure 4.3-10 and Table 4.3-9, the results of the survey indicate an apparent increase in flow
between the 1500;level main portal drainage (P-5) and Railroad Creek adjacent to the Holden Village
septic field (approximately midway between P-5 and RC-4), with a subsequent loss of a similar quantity
of flow between the septic field and the vehicle bridge (upstream of RC-4).
Statistical analyses were completed in order to evaluate the results of the October 1998 baseflow survey
in, terms of accuracy and precision; the results of analyses are presented in Appendix N and are
summarized herein. Referring to Figure 4.3-10 and Table 4.3-9, the mean flow measured at stations BF- 1
and BF-5 during the October 1998 flow survey appear to remain relatively constant. However, there is an
apparent increase in flow noted between stations BF-2 and BF-3 (8.5 percent), and a similar decrease in
flow between statibns between BF-3 and BF-4. The standard deviation was calculated for each station;
the values were found to range between 0.8 and 2.2 cfs. Taking the standard deviation into account, the
data appear to suggest no significant change between the stations.
Consequently, additional statistical analyses were performed in an attempt to further evaluate the
accuracy and precision of measurements. The statistical differences between the means (utilizing the one-
tailed students t-test) appears to confirm that there is no significant difference between the means of BF- I
through BF-5 at the 95 percent confidence level. Thus, there remains a question as to the significance and
magnitude of the observed flow loss and gain within this reach of Railroad Creek. Due to this question,
the water balance analysis has assumed that the loss (indicated as Qal in the water balance equation), may ,
range from 0 to 1.0 cfs. The gain is (Qag) estimated to be 1.5 cfs in the spring and 0.5 cfs in the fall for
the entire reach (see Section 4.4.4.8).
4.3.7.4 Other Related Observations
Water surface elevations observed on May 20, 1997 indicated that the water surface in the segment of
Railroad Creek adjacent to the wetland area immediately east of tailings pile 3 (see Figure 4.3-3a) was
nearly 2 feet higher than the elevation of the wetland. This appears to verify the observed flow loss within
the reach between RC-2 and RC-5. This apparent condition may be the result of stream confinement, which
has restricted the floodplain and associated sediment storage areas, with the result that higher permeability
alluvial materials have been transported and deposited downstream of the tailings piles where the channel is
no longer confined by the riprap and tailings piles.
A zone of mixing of surface water and groundwater likely exists beneath ailr road Creek. This area of
mixing is called the hyporheic zone which is defined as a zone of mixed surface water and groundwater that
may occur in the interstices of the bed sediment in direct contact with the water (Benner et al., 1995).
However, the presence of ferricrete, as described in Section 4.3.9, may limit direct mixing between
groundwater originating From the tailings piles and Railroad Creek water by armoring the streambed. The
implications of the hyporheic zone in terms of the fate and transport of constituents of potential concern are
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discussed in' Section 6.8.2 of this report. It is possible that during baseflow periods the interaction between
surface water and groundwater is limited for those portions of Railroad Creek adjacent to the tailings piles,
with interaction increasing immediately downstream of tailings pile 3. This is indicated by the apparent
flow loss between RC-2 and RC-5, followed by an apparent gain in Railroad Creek flow measured
approximately 100 feet downstream of RC-5, as discussed above.
Other observations with respect to surface water and groundwater interaction include the relationship
between precipitation and flow rates in Railroad Creek and the 1500-level main portal drainage. Referring
to Figures 4.3-4a and 4.3-7b, both Railroad creek and the portal drainage appear to respond relatively
rapidly (i.e., within approximately one day) to precipitation events that occur during the spring snowrnelt
period. This appears to suggest that the soil and bedrock are saturated during this period of time. However,
as the snowmelt diminishes through the summer months, the response to precipiiation becomes less
pronounced for both the portal drainage and Railroad Creek, likely due to the soil and bedrock becoming
less saturated.
4.3.7.5 Summary of Baseflow Survey
Railroad Creek upstream of the Site appears to be a gaining stream between RC-6 and RC-1 (Figure 4.3-3a).
However, adjacent to the Site, flow gains and losses are variable. It appears that, at least during parts of the
year, flow is lost between upstream stations RC-I and RC-4, and immediately downstream of RC-2. Flow
appears to be gained due to groundwater inflow (subtracting inflow from Copper Creek and the Copper
Creek diversion) between RC-4 and RC-2 during spring. Gains and losses potentially attributed to
groundwater flow are within the accuracy of the measurements during the fall and are, therefore,
inconclusive when considered independent of other site information.
4.3.8 Hydrologic Conditions During the 1998 Wand Comparison With 1997 Rate
During 1998, stream flow measurements were collected in Railroad Creek with a data logger installed at the
RC-4 and portal drainage P-l stations (Figure 4.3-3a). In general, the discharge of Railroad Creek during
the May 1997 sampling appeared higher than the discharge during the May 1998 sampling (compare
Figures 4.3-4 and 4.3-4a). The discharge in the portal drainage was also higher in 1997 than 1998 (compare
Figures 4.3-7 and 4.3-7a).
Based on these data, both the 1997 and 1998 Rl spring runoff water quality samples were apparently
collected on the rising limb or near the peak of the initial hydrograph rise (Figures 4.3-4 and 4.3-4a).
4.3.9 Interstitial Iron-Oxide Precipitate and Ferricrete
4.3.9.1 Summary of Historical Findings
The U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) completed an assessment of the Railroad Creek substrate in April 1994.
The assessment included the mapping of the presence or absence of interstitial iron-oxide precipitates and
ferricrete. The methods employed the probing of the substrate as part of the sampling of interstitial fluid
(see Section 5.4.3). The probing did not allow the differentiation between non-cemented and cemented
interstitial iron-oxide precipitates. However, it appeared that the cemented iron-oxide precipitates
(ferricrete) were generally limited to the banks of Railroad Creek near the northeast comer of tailings pile 1
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and the northwest comer of tailings pile 2 (Lambeth, 1998). Figures 4.3-3c and 4.3-3d display the results of
the mapping.
4.3.9.2 RI Findings
The physical and chemical characteristics of the interstitial iron-oxide precipitates found in a cemented to
partially cemented condition (ferricrete) adjacent to Railroad Creek were evaluated as part of the RI.
Test Pit Excavations
Four backhoe excavated test pits were completed as part of the ferricrete assessment (Figure 4.2-6b). The
test pits were excavated within the highwater channel or wetland floodplain of Railroad Creek. The test pits
were generally 3 to 4 ft wide and from 3.5 to 7.0 ft deep. Test pit logs are found in Appendix C. Water was
encountered in all of the test pits.
Based on the test pits and the visual inspection of ferricrete exposures along the south bank of Railroad
Creek, ferricrete varied considerably in thickness, hardness, degree of cementation, texture, grain size
distribution, sorting and color. In places (i.e., along the south bank of Railroad Creek adjacent to tailings
pile 1) ferricrete was observed as a non-sorted conglomerate (i.e., grain supported) or diamictite (i.e., matrix
supported) of angular and rounded cobbles and wood pieces (i.e., timber) in a matrix of well indurated rusty
red-brown cement. In other places (in the wetland area just east of tailings pile 3), interstitial iron-oxide
precipitate was observed and consisted of well-sorted, laminated to cross-bedded sands and pebbles (with
very little fines) cemented weakly by a film of iron oxide.
Although predominantly cemented by fenic oxide as indicated by the red, brown and rust colors, other
colors such as green, blue-green, yellow and white (especially in the vicinity of DMTPIE-1) indicated that
ferric, copper and aluminum precipitates could also be present (refer to Section 5 for a discussion of the
chemistry of the ferricrete). The ferricrete exposed in DMTPIE-1 was observed to contain lenses of
uncemented light yellow to orange-brown sands and silts, and pockets of dark gray to blue gray clay.
During the field reconnaissances, the thickness and distribution of ferricrete was observed to be highly
variable. It is reported that the USFS attempted to remove andfor break up the ferricrete during Site
rehabilitation efforts between 1989 and 199 1 (PNL, 1992). Referring to Figure 4.3-3d, field observations at
RC-9 indicated that a cemented vertical ledge greater than 4 feet thick formed the south bank of the channel.
This ledge was observed to be almost continuous (although the thickness varied) along the south bank
adjacent to tailings pile I from RC-9 to just upstream of the confluence with Copper Creek (see stream
reach 1-E on Figure 4.2-21 and Figure F-4 in Appendix F which displays a schematic cross-section for reach
1-E). The presence of relatively mature trees adjacent to the ledge suggests that the ferricrete has been
present in the area of tailings pile 1 for a relatively long period of time.
The relatively hard, thick and indurated ferricrete was not observed downstream of the Copper Creek
.confluence. However, iron-staining was observed along the entire Railroad Creek channel from midway of
tailings pile 1 to downstream of tailings pile 3. In addition, the channel deposits observed in the test pits
east of tailings pile 3 had zones of staining and relatively weak to moderate cementation.
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Observations During Aquatic snorkel Survey
A snorkel survey was completed for portions of Railroad Creek as part of the Site aquatic biota
characterization (see Section 4.6). The survey included sampling stations adjacent to tailings pile 1 (RC-9)
and tailings pile 2 (RC-7) (see Figure4.6-I). The segments of Railroad Creek evaluated were
approximately 100 meters long fo; each sample station. Two snorkelers participated in the survey.
Both individuals visually assessed the qualitative conditions of the Railroad Creek substrate and submerged
sections of the streambank. The snorkelers reported that the substrate of Railroad Creek was loose and not
cemented at these locations. However, isolated portions of the south streambank near the northeast comer
of tailings pile 1 (RC-9) appeared to be cemented (Figure 4.3-3d).
4.4 HYDROGEOLOGY
4.4.1 Regional Hydrogeology
The groundwater in the region is normally found in both the bedrock and overlying material. The bedrock
groundwater is present within fractures, joints, and faults. The rate of movement of groundwater within the
bedrock is variable but is normally relatively slow, commonly requiring days to years to migrate the same
distance which required only minutes to days in soil. Groundwater is also commonly "perched" withiri
overlying weathered rock, alluvium, colluvium, and glacial materials (Patmont, 1989).
4.4.2 Overview of Railroad Creek Watershed Hydrogeology
The existing Railroad Creek valley was formed by glacial action and hence has steep sides cut into bedrock
and a fairly broad, flat bottom. The surface of the valley bottom slopes to the east toward Lake Chelan
(Figure 4.3-3). The valley bottom is covered throughout its length with a shallow and variable depth of
glacial, colluvial, and alluvial deposits. These deposits thin where bedrock comes closer to ground surface
(USGS, 1967a and 1967b).
Groundwater is recharged by snowmelt in the spring and early summer. Due to the relatively large amount
of snowfall in the region, groundwater recharge is large during this period. Once snowmelt is complete,
groundwater recharge is from rainfall and potentially from surface water loss from Railroad Creek. As
discussed in Section 4.3.3, highest average precipitation recorded at Holden Village is in November through
January and the lowest is during May through August. Therefore, groundwater recharge varies in both
amount (large in spring, small in summer) and source (snowmelt in spring, rainfall in summer).
As noted for the remainder of the Lake Chelan Basin (Patmont, 1989), source water for Railroad Creek is
supplied from glacial melting, snowmelt, and rainfall. Water is transported to the creek as groundwater,
seep flow, or tributary surface water input. With the beginning of snowmelt in the spring, water is supplied
to Railroad Creek from the adjacent valley sides as both overland flow and groundwater flow. Once
snowmelt is complete, Railroad Creek is supported by up-valley glacial melt, local groundwater flow, and
rainfall runoff from summer storms. Flow directions are generally to the north and south off the valley
sides, to Railroad Creek, which flows in an easterly direction.
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I .
I
.
I . Soil and Fill
Water flow within the Railroad Creek valley is believed to occur principally as surface water within
Railroad Creek and groundwater flow in the permeable materials within the valley. Limited groundwater is
anticipated to occur within the bedrock (Patmont, 1989). Areas of shallow bedrock force more flow above
ground and to Railroad Creek. As the depth to bedrock increases and surficial, higher permeability material
thickness increases. surface water returns to the subsurface.
Processes and conditions described below for the Site are presumably in operation throughout the Railroad
Creek watershed. Where groundwater elevations are greater than surface elevations, springs or seeps will
form. This occurs most commonly in spring, as snowmelt saturates near-surface materials. Seep flow may
continue later into summer where zones of discontinuity in surficial materials provide preferential pathways
for flow or where impermeable zones create perched water conditions.
Groundwater is not used at the Site as a potable source. Groundwater is used as a domestic water supply at
the Lucerne Bar USFS station, approximately 1 1 miles downstream.
4.4.3 Site Hydrogeology
The following sections describe the Site hydrostratigraphy, water levels, and groundwater flow.
4.4.3.1 Hydrostratigraphy
The characteristics of the geologic units at the Site affecting groundwater flow are summarized in
Table 4.4-1. Figures 4.4-2 through 4.4-5 are interpretive geologic and hydrogeologic cross-sections
through tailings pile 2 and tailings pile 3 for May and September 1997, respectively; the locations of the
cross-sections are shown on Figure 4.4- 1. The geologic and hydro-geologic cross-sections iire based on the
interpretation of geophysical survey results (Appendix A), review of site boring logs (Appendix B), and
groundwater monitoring well levels measured in May 1997 (Table 4.4-2). The characteristics of the
geologic ,materials as hydrostratigraphic units are based on groundwater occurrence as measured in
monitoring wells and by hydraulic conductivities. Groundwater levels were measured in wells during the
1997 field program. Hydraulic conductivities for the tailings piles were calculated from slug test data
(Appendix I) colle.cted from monitoring wells screened within and beneath the tailings and percolation tests
conducted by Dames & Moore (Appendix G) and others ar art Crowser, 1975; Appendix E). Hydraulic
conductivities for other native materials at the Site are based on literature (Freeze and Cherry, 1979; Daly,
1982). Slug test results for wells tested as part of the RI are compiled in Table 4.4-3.
Following the format provided in Table 4.4-1, each of the hydrostratigraphic units present at the Site is
discussed in more detail below. A hydrostratigraphic unit is composed of one or more types of geologic
materials that have similar properties related to groundwater flow and storage. The hydraulic conductivity
and occurrence of groundwater within the hydrostratigraphic units are described below in generally
descending stratigraphic order from the ground surface. The areal distribution of the principal geologic
units is presented on Figure 4.2-6a.
Native soil thinly covers (assumed to be often less than approximately one foot) all undisturbed portions of
the Site where bedrock is not exposed at the ground. Man-made fill, in addition to tailings and waste rock,
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covers limited portions of the Site where ground disturbance occurred in conjunction with development, and
includes portions of the mill site, Holden Village, Winston Homesites, and the roads. Hydraulic
conductivity has not been measured in the soil/fill unit. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the material, the
soil/fill material likely exhibits a wide range of hydraulic conductivity. Hydraulic conductivity is small in
areas of finer-grained or more compacted material and could be quite large in less compacted fill or that
containing large rock fragments. Differences in horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity may occur
due to layering oi compaction within the fill material. The soil and fill unit may be saturated to a thickness
of up to 5 feet.
Colluvium I
Colluvium consists of soil deposited in conjunction with past mass movement of soil or rock, and is
commonly found on andtor near the base of slopes. The colluvium is suspected to have been encountered
during the installation of several of the groundwater monitoring wells and is anticipated to be limited in
extent. Hydraulic conductivity within the colluvium ranges from 4.6 x 10" cm/sec to 1.2 x 1c2 cm/sec,
based on slug test results for well PZ-4A (Table 4.4-3). Groundwater appears to occur in the colluvium on
both sides of ailr road Creek. At well H-3 (HV-3) in Holden Village north of Railroad Creek, the saturated
thickness of the alluvium ranged from at least 45 feet in May to at least 10 feet in September. The
colluvium on the south side of the creek appears to be completely saturated (approximately 25 feet thick) in
May; by September, approximately 15 feet of the unit is saturated.
Alluvium
Alluvium consists of granular materials deposited by the various creeks in the Railroad Creek watershed,
and is generally limited to those areas near the creeks. The alluvium on the Site appears to range in
thickness from 5 to 25 feet, based on interpretation of geophysical data (Appendix A) and boring logs
(Appendix B). Hydraulic conductivity in'the alluvium varies frorn 7.2 x lc3 to 1.8 x lo-' cdsec, based on
slug tests at wells HBKG-1 and DS-2. The alluvium contains groundwater throughout the Site and the
saturated thickness appears to range from 5 to 25 feet.
Tailings Materials
The tailings materials were generated during the processing of the ore rock, and the 'tailings cover
approximately 90 acres of the Site and range up to approximately 150 feet in thickness. Logs of borings
(Appendix B) completed within each of the three tailings piles give indications that alternating wet and dry
layers occur within the tailings. While fine-grained layers are found throughout each of the tailings piles,
and in some instances can be correlated over parts of two of the piles, no evidence is found to suggest
laterally extensive water perching zones in any of the piles. Hydraulic conductivity of the tailings is
calculated to range from 2.0 x lo4 to 4.4 x 10J cmlsec based on infiltration tests conducted on tailings pile 2
during the RI (Appendix G) and frorn data collected by others (Hart Crowser, 1975, Appendix E). As the
infiltration tests only influence small portions near the surface of the tailings piles, the hydraulic
conductivity values calculated from the infiltration tests may not be representative of conductivity
throughout the pile. Vertical hydraulic conductivity within the tailings piles may be lower than horizontal
hydraulic conductivity due to the presence of layers of finer rnaterials within the piles, and the potential for
limited cementation.
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Groundwater occurs at the base of the tailings piles. The thickness of saturated tailings ranges from
approximately 3 to 21 feet in May and 3 to 17 feet in September 1997, based on the boring logs
(Appendix B) and water levels collected during 1997.
Referring to Figure 4.2-6b, a test pit excavated at the northeast corner of tailings pile 3 (DMTP3-4; see
Appendix C) encountered a partially cemented layer at the contact between the tailings and native ground
with flowing water noted beneath the layer and dry tailings above. This suggests the potential for a lower
permeability layer at the contact between tailings and native ground. This layer was not logged on boring
logs (Appendix B) of wells completed beneath the tailings, as well as in exploratory borings completed by
Hart Crowser in 1975 as part of a geotechnical engineering evaluation (Appendix E).
Waste Rock
Waste rock piles are found associated with the six underground mine portals in the Honeymoon Heights
area and near the 1500-level main portal, on both the west and east sides of the abandoned mill building.
The hydraulic conductivity of the waste rock piles has not been measured; however, hydraulic conductivity
is estimated to be large (greater than 1 x 10" cmlsec) due to the relatively large size and poor sorting of
fragments which make up the piles. Groundwater is believed to occur intermittently (during the spring
snowmelt period only) within the waste rock piles, and based on the limited flow rates of seeps SP-6 and
SP-8 near the base of the west and east waste rock piles, respectively, is anticipated to be relatively small in
quantity.
Alluvium/Reworked Till
The alluviumlreworked till is considered herein to consist of the transition from the alluvium, noted above to
be associated with creeks, to the glacial till (discussed below) which has been reworked by glacial and post-
glacial processes. The hydraulic conductivity of the alluviurn/reworked till ranges from 9 x 1 o4 to 5.3 x 1 u2
cmlsec, based on slug tests performed at wells TPI-5, TP2-11, and TP2-7 (Table 4.4.3). Water level
measurements collected during slug tests and slug test calculations are provided in Appendix I. Vertical and
horizontal hydraulic conductivity within the alluviumlreworked till unit are likely comparable to a glacial till
that has been to some degree washed of fine material.
Groundwater appears to occur within the alluviaVreworked till unit throughout the Site. In May, the unit
apparently is hlly saturated, based on water levels collected during the RI, hence, the saturated thickness
ranges from 5 to 15 feet. As shown on Figures 4.4-4 and 4.4-5, in September some portions .of the
alluviaVreworked till unit become unsaturated beneath tailings piles 2 and 3.
Glacial Till
The glacial till consists of fine silt- to boulder-size material deposited and compacted by pre-historic glaciers
within the Railroad Creek drainage. No hydraulic conductivity data are available for the dense glacial till at
the Site. Hydraulic conductivity values of 1 x 10" to 1 x 10''~ cmlsec have been reported in the geologic
literature (Freezd and Cherry, 1979). The values above are for intergranular hydraulic conductivity.
Weathered and fractured till may have larger hydraulic conductivity values.
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Bedrock
Bedrock underlies the entire watershed and is exposed at the ground surface along the valley sidewalls
where glacial materials and/or weathered bedrock is not present, and in isolated circumstances within and
near Railroad Creek. Hydraulic conductivity has not been measured for bedrock at the Site. Published
values range from 4.7 x 10" to 9.3 x 1 cmlsec for fractured metamorphic and igneous rocks and 1.3 x 10'
to 2.3 x 10'12 cmlsec for unfractured metamorphic and igneous rocks (Daly, 1982). Water transmitted by
bedrock at the Site is presumably moved through fractures.
4.4.3.2 Groundwater Monitoring Well Levels
Most groundwater monitoring wells at the Site include a series designation as either "A," "B," or "C" series
wells. "A" series wells monitor groundwater within the colluvium, alluvium, or alluviumlreworked till units
(i.e., native materials). "B" and "C" series wells monitor groundwater within the tailings. "B" series wells
are completed near the base of the tailings and "C" series wells are screened just above potential perching
layers. Groundwater monitoring wells without a designation monitor the same units as "A" series wells.
Well screen intervals and water level data are summarized in Table 4.4-2. The locations of the monitoring
wells are noted on Figure 4.4-1. Table 4.0- 1 presents the coordinates for all of the wells. During 1997 RI
field activities, water-level measurements of site wells were conducted on four occasions. Dates of the
measurements were May 17, June 17-20, July 13, and September 17-19. All groundwater level data
collected manually are presented in Table 4.4-2. Water-level elevation maps for each round based on
measurements in wells screened in native materials are provided as Figures 4.4-6 through 4.4-9. Surface
water elevations have been plotted in some instances to provide additional control. Groundwater elevations
in May and September 1997, for wells screened in tailings on tailings piles 2 and 3, are. shown in
- Figures 4.4- 10 and 4.4- 1 1, respectively.
Geologic units do not overlie the tailings and water within the tailings pile is in indirect contact with the
atmosphere through the pores between the grains of tailings. Water within the tailings is termed unconfined
.and "B" series wells monitor a free water surface. Although not shown on Figures 4.4-2 and 4.4-3, "C"
series wells were also found to monitor a free water surface. Water within the alluviaVreworked till unit
becomes confined between the dense till below and the tailings above, near the southern margin of the
tailings piles. The tailings act as a confining unit either because of their lower overall hydraulic
conductivity andfor because of the apparent presence of a lower permeability unit at the base of the tailings.
"A" series wells monitor either a potentiometric surface within the alluviaVreworked till unit where this unit
is confined, or monitor a Free water surface where unconfined conditions occur. In areas where groundwater
occurs under confined conditions, water levels measured in wells rise higher than the top of the contact
between the tailings and the underlying hydrostratigraphic unit since the water is under pressure transferred
from waters originating at a higher elevation. The potentiometric surface shown on Figures 4.4-2 and 4.4-3
does not imply that the tailings are saturated to the pressure head level shown for the "A" series wells, but
only that water within the "A" series wells rises to the levels shown.
Water leveldpressure heads measured during May 1997 in monitoring wells completed in both the tailings
and the alluvium/reworked till unit are shown on Figure 4.4-2 (tailings pile 2), and Figure 4.4-3 (tailings pile
3). Water leveldpressure heads in wells completed in both units are shown for September 1997 on
Figure 4.4-4 (tailings pile 2) and Figure 4.4-5 (tailings pile 3). Note that although monitoring well PZ-6A is
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an "A" series well, it appears to be screened within tailings pile materials rather than the alluviallreworked
till based on review of the boring log for this well (Appendix B).
When two or more monitoring wells are completed at adjacent locations in different hydrostratigraphic
units, those monitoring wells can be used to compare water levels in the units and assess the direction of
potential groundwater flow between the units. Referring to Figure 4.4-1, clusters of adjacent wells occur
at locations PZ-I, PZ-2, and PZ-3 on tailings pile 2, and PZ-4, PZ-5, and PZ-6 on tailings pile 3.
Figures 4.4-12, 4.4-13, and 4.4-14 show groundwater levels measured in groundwater monitoring wells at
locations PZ- 1 (south side tailings pile 2), PZ-3 (north side tailings pile 2), and PZ-4 (south side tailings pile
3), respectively (Figure 4.4-1). Pressure headstwater levels in the "A" series wells exhibit a decrease in
water level from May through September 1997. Water levels in the "B" and "C" series wells react in a
similar manner to each other, remaining relatively constant, with slight rises seen in June or July. Pressure
headslwater levels in the "A" series monitoring wells do not exhibit the same trend as water levels in the "B"
and "C" series monitoring wells, as would be expected if all three series of monitoring wells were completed
in a ,fully hydraulically connected unit.
Throughout the Site, monitoring wells completed in native material indicate the same water 'level trend as
described for the "A" series wells above. Groundwater level declines were large enough in two "A" series
wells (PZ-1 A and PZ-4A) to result in their being dry in September 1997.
"B" series monitoring wells, completed near the base of the tailings, showed the trend described above. One
exception was monitoring well TP3-7B, which indicated decreasing water levels throughout the monitoring
period. This monitoring well was identified during the initial well assessment as having a loose surface seal.
It is possible that the downhole seal at this well has failed, and that surface water is allowed to drain into the
well.
Water level data for the RI were collected over a period of approximately five months (mid-May to late-
September). This interval is believed to include the'period of highest groundwater levels (mid-May to mid-
June) and of relatively low groundwater levels (September).
4.4.3.3 Groundwater Flow
Groundwater flow directions can be established from water-level elevation maps by drawing flow lines that
run perpendicular to the groundwater elevation contour lines. Figures 4.4-6 through 4.4-9 are water level
elevation maps based on measurements from wells completed in the alluvium, colluvium, and the
alluvium/reworked till unit, respectively. Figures 4.4- 10 and 4.4- 1 1 are water level elevation maps based on
measurements from monitoring wells screened in the tailings.
Groundwater Flow in Native Materials
The May water-level elevation map (Figure 4.4-6) shows a strong component of groundwater flow from the
Site north toward Railroad Creek. Groundwater to the south of Railroad Creek is recharged by snowmelt
from the southern side walls of the valley and flows primarily north toward Railroad Creek. Much of the
groundwater flow is discharged to Railroad Creek, as described below; however, some groundwater likely
flows longitudinally down valley beneath the creek. Groundwater gradients are relatively high, ranging as

high as 0.1 to 0.2 feet per foot (Ftlft) beneath tailings piles 2 and 3. Groundwater gradients generally
decrease closer to Railroad Creek, to approximately 0.05 Wft. Beneath tailings pile 1, groundwater
gradients range as high as 0.1 ft/ft and as low as 0.03 Wft. Copper Creek in the vicinity of the tailings piles
is shown as a losing stream (i.e., the base of the stream is above the local groundwater elevation) based on a
comparison of the elevation of Copper Creek at the southern edge of tailings piles 1 and 2 (mapped to be
approximately 3,270 feet above MSL) to local groundwater elevation at well CC-BKG (based on a civil'
survey and water level measurements to be

higher than water levels in the alluvial/reworked till unit. Therefore, groundwater flow between the units, if
it occurred, was downward from the tailings and into the alluviallreworked till unit. At the PZ-l location
(Figure 4.4-12) and the PZ-4 location (Figure 4.4-14), water levels in the alluviaVreworked till unit were
higher than those in the tailings in May 1997. By June 1997, water levels in the alluvial/reworked till unit
had dropped and were lower than water levels in the tailings. This condition was maintained throughout the
rest of the monitoring period, ending in ~e~tember 1997. Therefore, water may have flowed from the
alluviallreworked till unit upward into the tailings in the spring, and then reversed from the tailings back
downward into the alluviaVreworked till from June through September. Water level data from well clusters
throughout tailings piles 2 and 3 indicate the trends shown on Figures 4.4-12 through 4.4-14.
The relationship of water levels, and hence the direction of potential groundwater flow, for wells screened in
the tailings and the alluviaVreworked till units is shown for cross-sections through tailings pile 2 on Figures
4.4-2 and 4.4-4 and for tailings pile 3 on Figures 4.4-3 and 4.4-5.
Groundwater Flow in Western Portion of Site
Groundwater flow in the western portion of the Site (west of tailings pile 1) appears to take place through
the soil and fill material and potentially within the alluviurn/reworked till and dense till layers that
presumably underlie the soivfill. Groundwater in the western portion of the Site appears to be recharged by
snowmelt and rainfall on the slopes to the north and south of the Site, and on the western portion of the Site
itself. This includes the mill building area and the waste rock piles. Seep flow from the waste rock piles is
collected at the base of the piles and transported via ditches to the lagoon south of Railroad Creek.
Infiltration into the western waste rock pile also likely contributes to seep SP-15W, located at the break in
slope south of the lagoon area (see Figure 4.3-8). Surface water loss from the ditches or pond also appears
to recharge groundwater in this portion of the Site. A loss of water from the portal drainage (P-1 to P-5) has
been demonstrated. The water is assumed to infiltrate to the alluviaVreworked till and ultimately exit into
Railroad Creek.
Results from the electromagnetic (EM) terrain conductivity survey (Appendix A), which investigated to a
depth of approximately 18 to 20 feet, show relatively high resistivity from the vicinity of the mill building
toward ail road Creek, indicating the presence of shallow groundwater. The survey shows that the water
flows in relatively narrow pathways based on the spikes on the EM survey which are narrow rather than
broad peaks, which would indicate diffuse flow. Several of the EM "spikes" were coincident with the portal
drainage and seep SP-23. '
Groundwater Flow - Honeymoon Heights Area
Snowmelt and rainfall are assumed to enter fractures and faults in the bedrock in the Honeymoon Heights
area and move downward into stopes associated with the underground mining (Figures 4.2-6% 4.2-14, and
4.2- 15). This water is assumed to travel downward to the 1500-foot level and becomes part of the mine pool
before emerging at the 1500-level main portal. A dye test was conducted during the RI to assess the surface
waterlgroundwater flow path of an intermittent drainage in the Honeymoon Heights area as it potentially
relates to mine infiltration and seepage flow at seeps SP-12 and SP-23; however, the results were
inconclusive.
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1

Generalized Site-Wide Groundwater RechargeIDischarge
Groundwater at the Site is recharged by snowmelt in the spring from the valley slopes and from the Site
itself. Due to the relatively large amount of snowfall that occurred in 199611997, groundwater recharge
rates were likely high compared to other years. Once snowmelt is complete, groundwater recharge results
from rainfall and from water loss from surface water tributaries (Copper Creek, Portal Drainage) via
infiltration through the bed. This phenomenon occurs because the water surface elevation in the tributaries
is above the water surface elevation of the groundwater.
Groundwater discharge occurs at the Site in response to variable recharge. Groundwater discharge via
seeps was observed to peak in May and June 1997 and decrease after that (see Section 4.3.3.7). Diffuse
groundwater discharge into Railroad Creek apparently follows the same trend, with the May 1997
groundwater discharge observed to be larger than September 1997 discharge as quantified by flow net
analysis, described below. A more detailed description of baseflow conditions in Railroad Creek is
provided in Section 4.3.7.
4.4.3.4 Groundwater Discharge to Railroad Creek
In order to provide quantitative estimates of groundwater discharge to Railroad Creek, flow net analyses
were conducted using the May and September 1997 groundwater level data. A flow net is commonly used
to quantify groundwater flow through use of basic laws of groundwater movement if an appropriate cross-
section can be determined in the third dimension. Referring to Figures 4.4-1 5 through 4.4-1 8, each area
bounded by two flowlines is termed a "flowtube." Since no water crosses the flowlines, discharge within
the flowtube is considered constant. Discharge can be calculated by measuring the dimensions of the
flowtube (length, width, and saturated thickness) the hydraulic gradient (i.e., the change in groundwater
elevation) over the length of the flowtube, and the hydraulic conductivity of the material within the
flowtube. Summing the discharge of adjacent flowtubes provides values of total groundwater flux over'the
area.of the flow net. The flow net analyses for the Site followed this procedure.
The equation used to quantify groundwater flow is:
where:
Qr = groundwater discharge of flowtube
K = hydraulic conductivity
WT = width of flowtube at Railroad Creek
i~ = groundwater gradient of flowtube near Railroad Creek
b = saturated thickness of aquifer near Railroad Creek.
Hydraulic conductivity was measured through slug tests for the alluvium, colluvium, and alluvium/reworked
till unit and through infiltration tests for the tailings. Groundwater discharge is calculated based on
minimum, mean, and maximum slug and infiltration test results.
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Referring to Figures 4.4- 15 through 4.4- 18, flowtube width and groundwater gradient are measured off of
the flow net. Saturated thickness of the aquifer is based on hydrostratigraphic unit thicknesses derived from
boring logs and geophysical data, and on water levels collected in 1997. The saturated thickness of the
alluvial/reworked till unit is estimated to be 10 feet throughout the Site, except in the vicinity of geophysical
survey line F-F' (north of tailings Pile 2; Figures 4.2-6b and 4.2-12, and Appendix A) where bedrock was
detected to be as shallow as approximately 10 feet below the surface. The saturated thickness of the
alluvial/reworked till unit is assumed to be similar to September to May 1997. While the alluviaVreworked
till unit becomes unsaturated beneath the southern portion of tailings piles 2 and 3 in September, the unit
appears to remain fully saturated adjacent to Railroad Creek.
The saturated thickness of the tailings in both May and September 1997 was estimated to be 10 feet, based
on groundwater elevations-measured in May and September 1997 and elevations of the base of the tailings
from boring logs completed by others (Appendix B). The quantity of water calculated using this approach
should be considered a conservative estimate because it includes potential discharge from seeps located near
Railroad Creek. . '
The parameters used for each flow tube and the calculated discharge for each tube are provided in
Appendix I. Separate flow net analyses were completed for groundwater within the native material (e.g.,
alluvial/reworked till unit), and the tailings. The analyses evaluated two reaches along Railroad Creek:
RC-4 to RC-7; and RC-7 to RC-2 (Figures 4.4-15 through 4.4-18). The flow net constructed for the
alluvium/reworked till unit in May 1997 is shown on Figure 4.4-15, and the flow net for the tailings unit in
May 1997 is shown on Figure 4.4-16. Flow net evaluation of groundwater recharge to Railroad Creek,
based on May groundwater levels, is summarized in Table 4.4-4. The discharges developed by flow net
evaluation range between 0.6 and 1 1.4 (mean 2.2) cfs for RC-4 to RC-7, and 0.3 and 5.2 (mean 1 .O) cfs for
RC-7 to RC-2; these values compare reasonably with spring baseflow estimates of 5 cfs and 1.7 cfs for the
respective reaches from surface water measurements provided in Section 4.3.7.1. The mean discharge
estimates represent approximately 50 percent of the estimated baseflow. The remainder of the baseflow is
likely provided by groundwater discharge from areas not included in the flow net analysis (i.e., the area
north of Railroad Creek).
The September 1997 flow nets for the alluvium/reworked till unit .and the tailings are shown on
Figures 4.4-17 and 4.4-1 8, respectively. The flow net evaluation of groundwater recharge to Railroad Creek
based on September 1997 groundwater levels is summarized in Table 4.4-5. The discharges developed fiom
the flow net evaluation of 0.3 to 6.1 (mean 1.2) cfs for RC-4 to RC-7 and 0.2 to 0.0 (mean 0.1) cfs for RC-7
to RC-2 are within the approximate range of those discharges measured during the September 1997
baseflow monitoring described in Section 4.3.7.2. The groundwater discharge appears to be less in
September than in May 1997 due to decreases in hydraulic gradient, especially beneath tailings pile 1.
As indicated on Tables 4.4-4 and 4.4-5, the contribution of tailings drainage to Railroad Creek as a ratio to
total groundwater contribution increases approximately 3 times fiom May to September 1997. In May,
mean tailings contribution is estimated at 0.2 cfs of a mean total of 3.2 cfs of groundwater, or approximately
3 percent of the total groundwater contribution. In September, mean tailings discharge appears to be 0.1 cfs
of a mean total of 1.3 cfs, or approximately 10 percent of total.
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4.4.3.5 Groundwater Uses
Groundwater is not used as a potable source at Holden Village. The well at the Lucerne Bar USFS guard
station provides that facility with domestic water; the well is installed in alluvium near the mouth of
Railroad Creek, and is assumed to include a mixture of Railroad Creek and Lake Chelan water.
4.4.4 Site Specific Water Balance
4.4.4.1 Approach and Background
Objectives and Approach
A general basin-wide, climatic water balance or budget was developed for the entire Railroad Creek
watershed for use in analyzing flow characteristics and predicting minimum riprap sizing to protect the
lowermost portions of the tailings piles from erosion by Railroad Creek. The results of the basin-wide
water budget were discussed previously in Section 4.3.5. The results of the analyses to predict minimum
riprap sizing utilizing HEC-I modeling are presented in Section 4.3.6.2.
This section describes the site-specific water balance that was developed to assess the seasonal flow
characteristics of water source inputs to Railroad Creek in the vicinity of the Site only. The potential
sources of water analyzed on the Site include precipitation runoff, tributary inflow, and groundwater
inflow. Groundwater inflow may include flow through the alluvial aquifer associated with Railroad
Creek, flow through the tailings piles, and groundwater inflow from the bedrock and mine workings.
The site-specific water balance approach is to reference all of the water balance components to gain or
loss of water in Railroad Creek. Flow measurements recorded in Railroad Creek provide the most
representative, complete, and accurate measure of the flow of water entering and leaving the Site.
Railroad Creek, adjacent to the Site, was subdivided into two reaches: Reach 1 from station RC-1 to RC-
4, and Reach 2 from station RC-4 to RC-2. These reaches represent unique hydrologic environments.
Reach 1 transitions from background conditions to the affected portions of the Site, including the inputs
from the Portal Drainage. Reach 2 represents conditions potentially affected by the tailings piles.
The water balance analysis was completed for the period of May 151June 15, 1997, and September 1997
using flow data obtained during the respective sampling periods. Data collected in 1997 is reflective of a
greater than normal snowpack for this area. The relatively high snowpack resulted in higher than normal
spring and summer melt flows. These two sampling periods represent the range of seasonal conditions
observed during 1997. The component source inflows were quantified within the accuracy of the
available data, and compared with baseflow gain in Railroad Creek for the MayIJune 1997 and September
1997 timefrarnes. Average flow conditions were used or estimated for the source inflows and baseflow
gain in Railroad Creek, and storage effects were not directly quantified.
Flow data was also collected in October 1998; however, only select stations were measured. The October
1998 flow data was used to refine the water balance analysis.
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Background
The results of the climatic water budget (Section 4.3.5) indicate that the baseflow gain observed in
Railroad Creek from the 1997 flow measurements at RC-4 and RC-2 is not solely attributable to direct
precipitation and snowmelt in the Site area. The climatic water budget analysis estimated an approximate
23.8 inch (Table 4.3-6b) influx of water in excess of direct precipitation and snowmelt over a 120 acre
mine area from April to September (I 83 days). This quantity, averaged over the analysis period, indicates
a baseflow increase of 0.65 cfs over what would be expected solely from direct precipitation on the mine
site.
4.4.4.2 Site Water Balance Model
The general hydrogeologic model for the Railroad Creek valley at the Site includes a thin reworked
alluvial aquifer which underlies the creek in most places and forms much of the valley sediments. This
unit is believed to be underlain by a transitional unit composed of alluvium and reworked glacial till,
which in turn is underlain by compacted glacial till and then bedrock. The bedrock forms the upper
valley sidewalls. The tailings piles have been placed directly over the alluvial aquifer.
Groundwater inflow to Railroad Creek occurs from the alluvial aquifer either as seep flow andlor u p
welling through the bed and banks. Where the alluvial aquifer is not present, groundwater flows from the
underlying glacial till or bedrock. a round water contained in the bedrock may also flow directly into the
creek from seep water that flows From the valley sidewalls and the 1500-level main portal drainage.
Other contributions to Railroad Creek flow include tributaries and surface water runoff.
The general water balance 'equation for Railroad Creek is expressed as follows:
where:
Qr = flow at the Railroad Creek station of interest
Qru = flow at the Railroad Creek station upstream of the station of interest
Qa = the baseflow contribution to Railroad Creek between Qr and Qru from the alluvial
aquifer beneath the creek
Qb = the baseflow contribution to Railroad Creek between Qr and Qru from the bedrock
aquifer either as seep flow or as groundwater flow through the basal till
Qsr = surface runoff contributed to Railroad Creek between Qr and Qru
Qt = tributary inflow to Railroad Creek contributed between Qr and Qru
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Reach 1
Since there are no observed tributaries to Railroad Creek within this reach, the water balance equation for
Reach 1 is expressed as follows:
Reach 2
where:
Qrc4 = average flow measured at RC-4 over the period of interest (cfs)
Qrc l = average flow measured at RC- I over the period of interest (cfs)
Qa = (Qag + Qal) the gain (Qag) and loss (Qal) of flow from the alluvial aquifer on both
sides of the creek over the period of interest (cfs). This value includes seeps along
the streambanks, upwelling into the streambed and losses of flow back into the
alluvial materials.
Qb = the contribution of flow from the bedrock aquifer from both sides of the valley over
the period of interest (cfs)
Qsr = direct surface runoff contributions to Railroad Creek from both sides of the valley
over the period of interest (cfs)
Since there are no identified sources of inflow from the bedrock aquifer within this reach, the water
balance equation for Reach 2 is expressed as follows:
where:
Qrc2 = Qrc4 + Qa + Qsr + Qt (4- 1 4)
Qrc2 = flow measured at RC-2 over the period of interest (cfs)
Qrc4 = flow measured at RC-4 over the period of interest (cfs)
Qa = (Qag + Qal) the contribution of flow (both gaining and losing) from the alluvial
aquifer on both sides of the creek over the period of interest (cfs)
Qsr = direct surface runoff contributions to Railroad Creek from both sides of the valley
over the period of interest (cfs)
Qt = tributary flow into Railroad Creek over the period of interest (cfs)
4.4.4.3 Average Railroad Creek Flow
Reach 1
The flow values in Railroad Creek used for the analysis were estimated from the continuous hydrograph
at station RC-4, which was developed from the rating curve for this station (see Section 4.3.3.2). Flow at
station RC-4 for the period May 15 to June 15, 1997, averaged approximately 460 cfs, and for September
1997 averaged approximately 125 cfs (Figure 4.3-4). The average flow was interpolated from the
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hydrograph which includes the transducer data. The average flow at RC-I was estimated based on the
average difference between the RC-I and RC-4 measurements, observed from flow measurements during
the 1997 field season. The RC-4 flows were estimated from the rating curve because direct flow
measurements at RC-1 and RC-4 were not recorded simultaneously.
The flow at RC-'1 averaged 1 .O1 (101 percent) to 1.0 times the flow at RC-4 as estimated from the RC-4
rating curve over the course of the 1997 field season. For the purpose of this analysis, estimated flow at
RC-1 (variable "Qrcl" as noted above in equation (4-13) in this subsection) was estimated to range
between 1 .OO and 1 .O1 times the flow at RC-4 based on the field season average.
The average flow at Station RC-4 (Qrc 4) during the May/June 1997 event is estimated to be
approximately 460 cfs (Figure 4.3-4); therefore, the average flow at RC- I is estimated to range between
460 and 465 cfs based on the field season average flow relationships. The average flow at RC-4 during
September 1997 is estimated to be approximately 125 cfs; thus, the estimated flow at RC-I ranges from
125 and 126 cfs based on the field season average.
An apparent slight loss of flow between RC-1 and RC-4 was observed during the April 1997 baseflow
survey, but was not observed in September 1997. However, over the course of the field season in 1997,
an analysis of the average flow relationship between RC- I and RC-4 indicated a loss of zero to 1 percent
of the flow at RC-4. The loss of flow between these stations was observed even though the portal
drainage flows into this reach, as does runoff observed in seeps. Additionally, it is expected that overland
runoff and groundwater contribute to flow in the creek within this reach as well.
Additional baseflow measurements were collected in October 1998 between stations RC-6 and RC-4 to
further characterize the nature of the apparent flow loss between RC-I and RC-4 observed in 1997. The
results of this survey were discussed previously in Section 4.3.7.3. The data was inconclusive and
suggests that there is not a net significant change or loss in baseflow from RC-I to RC-4.
Reach 2
The flow relationships between RC-4 (Qrc4) and RC-2 (Qrc2). based on the field season averaged values,
indicates that flow at RC-2 is 1 12 percent, to 1 15 percent of the flow at RC-4 during both spring and fall
(Table 4.3-4). This percentage range is based on the values presented in Table 4.4-3 and is estimated
based on the differences between RC-2 and RC-4, and between stations' measured values and rating curve
values. A transducer was not placed at RC-2; therefore, a hydrograph presenting flow data for RC-2 is
not provided. The observed gain in flow is expected because of groundwater and seep contribution, and
tributary contribution from Copper Creek and the Copper Creek diversion. Based on the field season
average flow relationship with RC-4, the flow at RC-2 for the May/June period is estimated to range
between 5 15 and 529 cfs, and 140 to 144 cfs for the September period.
Accuracy
The accuracy of the flow measurements were found to range between an estimated 5 and 7 percent of the
actual value and are a function of the measurement technique used. Error may also result from the
development of the rating curve, although the averaging process inherent in development of the rating is
expected to compensate for some of the measurement error. The accuracy of the flow estimates are
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evaluated on the basis of judgment and comparative evidence, assuming the tield season averages are
representative of the actual conditions.
4.4.4.4 Tributary Inflow
Inflow Measurements and Characteristics
Tributary inflow from Copper Creek (including flow at CC-1 and CC-D) averaged 13 percent of the flow
at RC-4 over the course of the 1997 field season. Flow in Copper Creek (Qt) is estimated to be
represented by a consistent flow, that is 13 percent of the flow at RC-4 (Table 4.3-4, Figure 4.3-6). Based
on this average, the Copper Creek inflow (Reach 2) for the MaylJune and September periods was
estimated to be 60 cfs and 16 cfs, respectively.
Water levels in both Copper Creek and the Copper Creek diversion were observed to be above
groundwater levels in the tailings piles adjacent to these tributary channels. The channel bed in both
tributaries consist of reworked tailings and alluvial materials. Thus, water is free to infiltrate through the
beds of Copper Creek and the'copper Creek diversion into the surrounding soils. The rate of loss was not
measured in the field (and is likely well below measurement accuracy); however, estimated losses have
been developed from the observed head relationships and assumed hydraulic conductivities of the bed
material (see Appendix N). The results of the estimates indicate that combined losses to groundwater
from the tributaries may be on the order of several tenths of a cfs.
Accuracy
The accuracy of the Copper Creek tributary inflow estimates is a hnction of the flow measurement
technique (estimated to range between 7 and 10 percent) and the tield season averaging. The accuracy of
the estimates of exfiltration into the tailings piles is based on the assumed values of hydraulic
conductivity of the streambed, and the limitations of the analysis method used. The hydraulic
conductivity values used represent an average of the range of values measured in the tailings, both during
the RI (see Section 4.3.3.7) and by Hart Crowser in 1975 (see Appendix E).
4.4.4.5 Average Portal How and Seeps
Portal Flow
The hydrograph of flow in the portal drainage ( ~i~ure 4.3-7) indicates an average flow at P-5 of
approximately 1.8 cfs for MayIJune 1997, and 0.15 cfs for September 1997. The hydrograph shows
differences between flow directly downstream of the 1500-level main portal (P-I), and the confluence
with Railroad Creek (P-5). The portal drainage at P-l represents the only measurable flow from the
bedrock aquifer. During MayIJune 1997, the portal drainage .gains flow between P-l and P-5. The gain
in flow in MayIJune averages approximately 0.5 cfs (ranging from 1 cfs in mid-May to 0 cfs in mid-June).
The gain in flow is due to snowmelt and surface runoff entering the portal drainage ditch between P-1 and
P-5. For the water balance, P-l flow measurements were used to represent flow from the bedrock aquifer
(Qb).
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A loss of flow was identified behveen P-1 and P-5 in July and September 1997 (Figure 4.3-7). It is
assumed that a loss also occurred in MayIJune 1997, but was not measurable due to high flow conditions.
The observed flow loss ranges from 0.1 1 cfs in July 1997 to 0.06 cfs in September 1997. Assuming that
the loss in flow is related to the log-discharge in the drainage, an estimate of flow loss from the drainage
between P-1 and P-5 was calculated to be in the range of 0.35 cfs for MayIJune, and 0.06 cfs for
September. Loss from the portal contributes to the shallow alluvial aquifer (Qa) and is reflected.,in the
estimate for this inflow component (see Section 4.4.4.8).
Seep Flow
Seeps seasonally emerge along the streambanks, at the base of the tailings and at the base of the waste
rock piles. In determining the overall estimate of inflow from the alluvial aquifer (Qa), seep source flows
were evaluated for use in the water balance as described below.
Reach 1 Seeps
Referring to Figures 4.4-20 and 4.4-21, seeps that were observed during spring to contribute to Reach 1
. include SP-6, SP-7, SP-9, SP- 1 1, SP- 12, SP-1 5E, SP- I SW, SP- 16, SP-22, SP-23, SP-23B, SP-24, and SP-
25. The likely flowpaths of water (overland and underground) at the Site to Railroad Creek are illustrated
on Figures 4.4-20a through d and indicate inflow to Railroad Creek starting from upstream of the Holden
Mine to downstream of tailings pile 3.
Seeps SP-6 and SP-7 flow from the west waste rock pile and mine workings located in the vicinity of the
1 500-level main portal. Both of these seeps contribute flow to SP- 15E and SP- 15 W and, as part of SP- 15,
flow eventually into the lagoon (SP-16). The lagoon has a limited surface outlet and, therefore, inflow
generally infiltrates over the course of the year, contributing to recharge of the alluvial aquifer which
underlies the lagoon. Thus, the flow from the lagoon appears to contribute to subsurface outflow from the
alluvial aquifer to Railroad Creek.
Seeps SP-9, SP-1 I, SP-12, SP-24 and' SP-25 emerge during spring along the south bank of Railroad
Creek, and are considered expressions of surface outflow from the alluvial aquifer. Seep SP-22 does not
flow directly into the creek, but instead appears to infiltrate into the alluvial aquifer, contributing to
aquifer recharge and, therefore, subsurface flow into Railroad Creek.
Seep SP-23 appears to form an independent flow system that emerges adjacent to Railroad Creek,
downslope of an avalanche chute which originates in the Honeymoon Heights area, and the intermittent
drainage which flows adjacent to the 800- and 1100-level waste rock piles; however, the source of the
seep SP-23 water has not been determined. Seep SP-23B appears to be an extension of SP-23 that flows
subsurface along the streambank. Flow from seeps SP-23 and SP-23B was estimated to be 0.17 cfs for
the MayIJune 1997 period, and 0.05 cfs for September 1997, reflecting a response to a somewhat different
recharge condition as compared to the groundwater seeps. Table 4.4-7 summarizes general flow data for
these seeps for the MayIJune and September 1997 periods, based on Table 4.4-8a.
As noted on Table 4.4-7, the majority of seeps observed within Reach 1 during the spring sampling event
(MayIJune 1997) were not flowing during the fall sampling event (September 1997). It should also be
noted that during the fall sampling event, seeps SP-7 and SP-23 had not been flowing since early summer,
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and only started flowing afier several days of consistent precipitation. The general flow characteristics of
the seeps (i.e., presencelabsence, location, etc.) were observed during the 1998 RI field effort and found
to be similar to those observations made during the 1997 RI field effect.
The total average flow for seeps (SP-9, SP-I I: SP-12, SP-22, SP-24, SP-25, SP-6 and SP-7) that are
associated with'groundwater baseflow from the south side of Reach 1 for the MaylJune 1997 period was
estimated to be approximately 0.19 cfs, and for the September period was estimated to be approximately 0
cfs.
Based on the seep flow evaluation, SP-ISE and SP-15W flow measurements were included as
components of Qa. Seeps SP-23 and SP-23B were incorporated as a component of surface runoff, Qsr.
The total average seep flow for SP-9, SP-I I, SP-12, SP-22, SP-24, SP-25, SP-6 and SP-7 was not
included in the water balance because the flows represent groundwater and are already accounted for in
the groundwater component.
Reacb 2 Seeps
Referring to Figure 4.4-20, seeps that were observed during spring 1997 and 1998 to contribute to Reach
2 include SP-1, SP-2, SP-3, SP-4, SP-8, SP-IOE, SP-IOW and SP-19. Seeps SP-5, SP-17 and SP-18 flow
to the east of RC-2 and, therefore, do not flow into Reach 2 of Railroad Creek. Instead these seeps
contribute to flow observed at seep SP-21, which includes seep flow and runoff from the slopes south of
tailings piles 2 and 3, as well as runoff from tailings piles 2 and 3 (Figures 4.4-20a through d).
Seeps SP-I, SP-2, SP-3,'SP-4, SP-IOE, and SP-IOW are all considered surface expressions of flow from
the alluvial aquifer which underlies the tailings piles. Seep SP-5 and SP-18 are also considered to be
expressions of flow from the alluvial aquifer beneath the tailings piles; however, they flow easterly
beyond RC-2 (as mentioned above). Seep SP-17 primarily reflects runoff routed into the cutoff ditches
upgradient of the tailings, routing this flow to SP-21. SP-8 and SP-19 are associated with intermittent
flow from the base of the east waste rock pile upslope from tailings pile 1 and include snowmelt runoff
from surrounding areas and, to a limited degree, from the surface of tailings pile 1. Table 4.4-8
summarizes the range of flow observed in the above seeps, and an assumed average flow for the
MayIJune and September 1997 periods.
As noted for the seeps observed in Reach 1 of Railroad Creek, the majority of seeps in Reach 2 were
observed to flow only during the spring sampling event (MayIJune 1997). Referring to Figure 4.4-21,
several exceptions were seeps SP-1 through SP-3, which were observed to flow during both the spring
and fall sampling events. In addition, seep SP-21 was observed flowing during the fall sampling event
after several consecutive days of precipitation. Seep SP-8 was observed flowing from the base of the east
waste rock pile in late May 1997 only.
The average total seep flow associated with groundwater baseflow from the tailings piles was estimated to
be approximately 0.18 cfs (excluding SP-5 and SP-21) for the MayIJune period, and 0 cfs for September.
Flow in seep SP-21 includes both surface runoff from the upgradient slopes during MayIJune and
groundwater baseflow originating downstream of Tailings Pile 3. During the September 1997 period,
flow in seep SP-21 appears to reflect groundwater baseflow only.
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As noted for Reach 1 of Railroad Creek, the general flow characteristics of the seeps (i.e.,
presencelabsence, location, etc.) were observed during the 1998 RI and found to be similar to those
observations made during the 1997 RI.
Based on the seep flow data, seep measurements would not hlly account for Qa and were not included in
the water balance.
Accuracy
Seep flow measurements at SP-6 through SP-9, SP-15 through SP-19, SP-21, SP-23 and SP-23B were*
determined utilizing streamflow measurement methods with an accuracy of 5 25 percent. Flow in
drainages that were measured using velocity meters (portal drainage, SP-17 and SP-21) were assumed to
have accuracies on the order off 20 percent.
The remainder of the seeps observed within this reach had relatively low flows (SP-I through SP-5, SP-
10E, SP-IOW through SP-13, and SP-24 through SP-25) and, therefore, did not allow the use of either
streamflow measurements and/or velocity meters. The flows were estimated and are assumed to be
accurate within 5 50 percent of the actual values. However, as discussed in Section 6, the lower flow
seeps contribute a relatively minor amount of metals loading to Railroad Creek. Therefore, the
inaccuracy of the flow measurements for the low flow seeps is not considered significant for this analysis.
4.4.4.6 Infiltration and Outflow from the Tailings and Waste Rock Piles
Estimates of outflow from the waste rock piles were developed based on estimated values of snowmelt
infiltration, and outflow over a two month period. Based on these estimates, outflow from the base of the
waste rock piles are on the order of 0.1 to 0.15 cfs. These estimates compare well with the observed
MayIJune seep flows in SP-6 and SP-7 (western waste rock pile), and SP-19 (eastern waste rock pile).
Along with infiltration, the outflow from the waste rock piles has no surface flow into Railroad Creek.
The outflow from these sources is considered to contribute to downslope seeps and ultimately to the
alluvial aquifer.
The surfaces of the three tailings piles are relatively flat and slope gently toward the south. Surface water
interceptor ditches were constructed near the southern margin of each of the tailings piles during Site
rehabilitation efforts completed by the USFS between 1989 and 1991. The ditches are connected to
diversion channels that direct runoff and snowmelt to either Copper Creek, the Copper Creek diversion,
or to SP-21 east of tailings pile 3. Based on field observations in 1997, the drainage ditches intercept
meltwater and runoff from areas upslope and runoff from along an access road which traverses the south
side of tailings piles 1,2 and 3.
A limited amount of runoff is also assumed to be intercepted from the tailings piles themselves; however,
because the tailings are essentially flat, there is little slope to encourage meltwater and rainfall to runoff.
The snowpack and the overlying gravel cover on the tailings hold water as a porous media, and since the
vertical gradient is much larger than the horizontal gradient (which is nearly flat), runoff is encouraged to
infiltrate much more readily than flow toward the drainage ditches. Infiltration rates measured within the
surface of tailings pile 2 during the RI (see Section 4.3.3.7), and infiltration rates measured within the
surface of tailings pile 3 by Hart Crowser in 1975 (Appendix E) indicate moderate permeability. The
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interceptor ditches likely carry primarily runoff that is generated up slope of the tailings piles, with the
majority of runoff and snowmelt generated on the tailings piles infiltrating. The ditches probably
decrease the amount of infiltration from runoff generated from up slope areas that would otherwise drain
onto the surfaces of the tailings piles.
Consequently, infiltration of precipitation (rain and snowmelt) is assumed to approach nearly 100 percent
on the surfaces of the tailings piles. Based on these assumptions, available precipitation (precipitation
minus evaporation, see Table 4.3-6b) over the 1997 field season is approximately 52.6 inches, which
translates to an average discharge of 1.1 cfs (this assumes the tailings piles cover 90 acres, and the
infi~trationldischar~e occurs over the period April through September). It is assumed that this total
discharge infiltrates vertically and recharges the underlying alluvial aquifer, and reemerges as flow into
Railroad Creek, forming a part of the total Qa component in the water balance equation.
Within the Railroad Creek watershed, snowmelt on the south facing slopes (north side of the valley) and
exposed areas (such as the tailings piles) occurs earlier than on the north facing side of the valley and in
shadedlwooded areas. Because of this, the timing of snowmelt is associated with the slope aspect and
location of a given area of study within the watershed. During the 1997 field season, it was observed that
the snowmelt on the tailings piles occurred earlier than the surrounding forested areas, as well as on the
exposed south facing slopes. This phenomenon is important when evaluating the seasonal water balance
and relative contributions of water from different watershed locations.
Accuracy
The accuracy of the estimated outflow from the tailings and waste rock piles, based on infiltration, is
controlled by the accuracy of precipitation and snow depth estimates which are extrapolated from the
weather station in Holden Village, and the assumption that nearly 100 percent of the precipitation
infiltrates and discharge over a six month period. Although these assumptions cannot be directly
validated with the data available, measurements of seep flow from the base of the waste rock piles
corroborate the order of magnitude of the estimates.
4.4.4.7 Estimates of Precipitation Runoff
Direct runoff of precipitation (Qru in the water balance equation) which does not recharge underlying
aquifers or evapotranspire was estimated based on observed runoff gain in the portal drainage for a
specific contributing watershed area. The portal drainage during snowmelt runoff was observed for
MayIJune 1997 (3 1 days) to gain an average net flow of approximately 0.5 cfs from apparent snowmelt
runoff as the portal drainage crosses the slope to the west and before entering Railroad Creek (~i~ure'4.4-
20). This net gain in flow due to surface water runoff does not include estimated losses from exfiltration
or loss of water through the bottom of the portal drainage. The loss of water through the bottom of the
portal drainage is estimated to be 0.35 cfs in MayIJune 1997 and 0.06 cfs in September 1997 based on the
comparison of flow measurements at P-l (at the 1500-level main portal) and P-5 (at Railroad Creek)
(Figure 4.3-7). Therefore, accounting for the loss of flow, the total gain is estimated to be 0.85 cfs. The
gain in flow is contributed from an upslope watershed area estimated to be approximately 60 acres in size.
Based on these values, the runoff snowmelt component during AprilIMaylJune 1997 is estimated to be
approximately 10 inches. However, only about one-half to two-thirds of the runoff occurred over the
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period of interest (May I5 to June 15, 1997), thus the runoff component for the water balance analysis
during the MaylJune 1997 time period is estimated to be approximately 6 inches over each contributing
watershed.
Using the 6-inch runoff estimate, runoff was then estimated for the contributing watersheds on both banks
of Railroad Creek for Reach 1 and Reach 2. Runoff (Qsr) for Reach 1 during the MaylJune 1997 time
period is estimated to be 0.8 cfs from the south bank, and 1.3 cfs from the north bank. Runoff for Reach 2
during MaylJune 1997 from the north bank is estimated to be 3.4 cfs. Runoff generated upslope of the
tailings piles was assumed to be routed around the tailings by the interceptor drainage ditches and,
therefore, is assumed not to contribute significant flow to the south bank in Reach 2 (i.e., it is already
accounted for in Copper Creek flow). Runoff estimates for the ~e~tember time period are assumed to be
zero for both Reach 1 and 2 because there was no observed runoff fiom rainfall until the end of the
month.
Accuracy
The accuracy of the runoff estimates is based on limited observations of runoff gain in the portal drainage.
This calculation is based on the absence of a continuous record of flow data for the portal drainage in
1997 (Figure 4.3-7). If a continuous record of flow data had been available for the portal drainage in
1997, as was the case in Station P-1 in 1998 (see Figure 4.3-7a), it is likely that the record would have
documented short-term events of higher flow. It should be noted that it was not possible to utilize the
1998 P-1 data due to the limited flow data collected at portal drainage station P-5 during the 1998 RI field
effort.
4.4.4.8 Groundwater Contribution from the Alluvial Aquifer
Reacb 1
Estimates of groundwater' flow into Railroad Creek (Qa in the water balance equation) from the alluvial
aquifer were developed based on estimated recharge rates from the portal drainage, inflow to the lagoon
and direct precipitation (minus evapotranspiration = 52.6 inches) over a 20 acre portion of the valley floor
which overlies the aquifer (in the vicinity of the lagoon). It was assumed that over, the course of the
summer, the change in alluvial aquifer storage was negligible, and that average recharge rates would
equal the discharge.
The components of Qa for Reach 1 include: direct precipitation into the valley bottom area, recharge
from the portal drainage, recharge from the lagoon (SP- I SE and SP-15W), north bank contribution, and
estimated loss from Railroad Creek to groundwater.
Recharge from the lagoon was assumed to equal the inflow rate of 0.19 cfs (seep SP-15). The estimated
runoff from infiltration due to precipitation was 0.24 cfs (52.6 inches times 20 acres over 183 days). The
recharge fiom the portal drainage was estimated to average 0.2 cfs (average of 0.35 plus 0.06). he total
discharge rate was, therefore, estimated to be 0.6 cfs. Based on the assumption that this discharge follows
seasonal trends, the peak outflow (Qag) in MaylJune was estimated to be 0.9 cfs, and the discharge (Qag)
in September 1997 was estimated to be 0.3 cfs.
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The inflow of groundwater in the form of seepage from the alluvial aquifer was observed in the south
bank of Railroad Creek in the area of RC-4 (Figure 4.4-21). This seepage is suspected to reflect recharge
from the lagoon, portal drainage, and direct precipitation.
There were no observations that allow the development of estimates of groundwater inflow from the north
bank portion of the alluvial aquifer. However, the segment of Railroad Creek adjacent to the Site is
generally situated on the north side of the valley floor. Therefore, the alluvial deposits underlying the
north bank are suspected to be less extensive, resulting in the assumption that groundwater contribution
from this bank is smaller than for the south bank. The septic drainfield for Holden Village is located on
the north bank (Figure 4.4-19). It is estimated to contribute less than 0.05 cfs, assuming an average
Holden Village water use of 50 gallday per person, and a population of 300 persons. The resulting
discharge from the alluvial aquifer on the north bank is, therefore, estimated to be on the order of two-
thirds or less of the south bank; less than 0.6 cfs for MaylJune 1997 and 0.2 cfs for September 1997.
Qal, an assumed loss from Railroad Creek back into the aquifer, is estimated to range from 0 to 1 cfs.
The relatively low, estimated alluvial aquifer discharge rates appear to be supported by the results of flow
measurements collected within the reach of Railroad Creek between the portal drainage confluence (P-5)
and the vehicle bridge' during the 1997 and 1998 RI field efforts. An apparent small gain in baseflow
within this reach was documented from the average flow measurements made during the 1997 RI field
effort. However, the more detailed survey conducted in October 1998 suggested no significant changes in
flow rates between RC-l and RC-4 (see Section 4.3.7.3).
In summary, the Qa value for Reach 1 in MaylJune is 1.5 to 0.5 cfs and 0.5 to -0.5 cfs in September.
Reach 2
Estimates of discharge from the alluvial aquifer into Reach 2 of Railroad Creek were developed utilizing
flow net analyses completed for groundwater monitoring wells screened beneath the tailings piles as
presented in Section 4.4.3.4 (Figures 4.4-15 and 4.4-17). Based on these analyses, the flow estimates for
MayIJune 1997 are 3.2 cfs and 1.3 cfs for September 1997 (Tables 4.4-4 and 4.4-5). The resulting
alluvial aquifer discharge on the north bank is estimated to be approximately two-thirds or less of the
southbank, 2.1 cfs in MayIJune, and 0.8 cfs (Qag) in September 1997.
The September 1997 flow net analysis (Figure 4.4-17) appears to indicate a loss of flow from Railroad
Creek into the alluvial aquifer beneath the tailings just upstream of RC-2. This flow loss from Railroad
Creek (and gain to the aquifer) is estimated to be approximately 0.5'cfs (Qal) based on observed head
differences between water levels in Railroad Creek and adjacent groundwater, and would be considered a
flow loss in the water balance. The flow loss occurs because water levels in Railroad Creek are above
water levels in the alluvial aquifer in this portion of the stream reach. The apparent flow loss provides
recharge to the wetland area immediately east of tailings pile 3, replenishes groundwater storage, and is
assumed to discharge back into Railroad Creek along the reach in and near SP-21, immediately east of
RC-2. This assumption is based on the observed exposure of bedrock on the south bank of Railroad
Creek immediately downstream of seep SP-21. The presence of the bedrock, and absence of alluvial
material, indicates that the groundwater likely becomes surface water (Railroad Creek) at this location.
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Discharge from the alluvial aquifer on the north bank, similar to Reach I, is assumed to be less than the
south bank because bf less extensive alluvial deposits on the north side of the valley. The discharge
estimate is assumed to be less than one-half, and possibly in the range of one-third of discharge from the
south bank.
As stated previously, a baseflow gain of approximately 0.65 cfs was not accounted for from precipitation
falling on the portion of the Site between RC-I and RC-2, on the south side of Railroad Creek, based on
the climatic water budget (Section 4.3.5). The measured apparent loss of flow from Railroad Creek to the
aquifer between the vehicle bridge and RC-4 (in the range of 0.5 cfs) is of the same magnitude as the 0.65
cfs needed to correct the climatic water balance. Additionally, if loss from Copper Creek (several tenths
of a cfs) is included, the discharge from the alluvial aquifer beneath the tailings as estimated from the
flow net analysis can be accounted for entirely by direct infiltration through the tailings and recharge via
flow loss from Copper Creek and Railroad Creek. However, conclusions based on the 1998 low flow
survey should be made with caution as the standard deviations are in the same general range as the
measured flow rates. Consequently, one should be able to conclude that the apparent loss or gain within
this reach of Railroad Creek is small relative to the flow in Railroad Creek.
In summary, the Qa value for Reach 2 in MayIJune 1997 is 5.3 cfs and 1.6 cfs in September 1997.
Accuracy
The accuracy of the Reach 1 south bank inflow estimates is principally controlled by the assumed
recharge rates, and the assumption of no change in storage. Estimates of inflow from the north bank are
based on comparative judgment. Although the percentage error in these values may exist, the assumption
that the north bank inflows are less than the south bank inflows is reasonable, and the relative contribution
of north bank inflow to the site water balance is small compared to other water sources. The estimated
groundwater baseflow values within this reach of Railroad Creek are within the range observed during the
October 1998 baseflow survey which provides justification of the estimated values used.
Errors associated with the Reach 2 estimates are based on the hydraulic conductivity (K) values used.
These values were based on averages for the groundwater monitoring wells screened within the alluvial
materials beneath the tailings piles. Although there is a large range of (K) values, the use of the average
values are justified since the estimates fall within the range of baseflow values observed in Railroad
Creek.
4.4.4.9 Groundwater Contribution from the Bedrock Aquifer and Mine Stopes
Reach 1 contains the portal drainage which is the only measurable outflow from the bedrock aquifer (see
Section 4.4.4.5 above). The average flow in this drainage at Station P-1 (Qb) for MayIJune 1997 is
estimated to be 1.8 cfs, of which 0.5 cfs is estimated to be from runoff (assuming a contributing
watershed area of 60 acres). Thus, direct inflow from this source to Railroad Creek is approximately 1.3
cfs (Table 4.4-9). As previously mentioned, however, an estimated 0.35 cfs from this source during the
MayIJune 1997 period apparently exfiltrates out of the drainage into the underlying sediments, recharging
the alluvial aquifer. For the September 1997 period, flow from the portal drainage to Railroad Creek is
estimated to be 0.1 5 cfs, of which 0.06 cfs recharges the underlying alluvial aquifer.
17693-003-01 Wuly 19.1999;4:51 PM;DRAR FMAL R1 REPORT

Accuracy
The accuracy of the bedrock aquifer baseflow contribution is based on the accuracy of the portal drainage
flow measurements and assumptions regarding the average portal drainage flow (see above), and on the
assumption that there are no other unobserved significant sources of flow from the bedrock aquifer
entering the creek. Although it is possible that a fracture system capable of transporting groundwater
underlies the creek bed and contributes groundwater baseflow to the creek, several considerations justify
the assumption that a significant bedrock source other than the portal drainage is not present. These
considerations include the following:
i3<
The presence of low permeability glacial till underlying the creek and overlying a large
part of the bedrock near the valley floor would likely restrict groundwater flow from a
bedrock fracture system.
A fracture system large enough to contribute significant amounts of groundwater (0.1 cfs)
to the creek would likely be expressed on the valley sidewalls as well, with resultant
emergent springs which have not been observed.
The loading analysis (see Section 6.0) can account for the observed changes in water
'
chemistry using the baseflow sources.
4.4.4.10 Results of Water Balance Analysis
The results of the water balance for each reach are tabulated and summarized in Tables 4.4-9 and 4.4-10
.for the average MayfJune 1997 period (31 days), and the average September 1997 period (30 days),
respectively. These periods coincide with the flow net analyses presented on Figures 4.4- 15 and 4.4-17.
Figures 4.4-20a through 4.4-20d provide detailed schematics of site flow paths, which are based on
groundwater and surface water observations. The water balance equations provide a simplified picture of
these pathways as illustrated in Figures 4.4-2 1.
The theoretical outcome of the water balance analysis is that both sides of the equation are equal. '~hus,
the sum of the water balance components listed in Tables 4.4-9 and 4.4- 10 should equal zero. A non-zero
sum indicates error in the estimates of the water balance components andlor that not all flows are
accounted for. If the summation is negative, too much water is accounted for; in other words, the error is
positive in a downstream direction. If the sum is positive, too little water is accounted for; in other words,
the error is negative in a downstream direction.
In general, the flow in Railroad Creek is much greater than potential flow gains or losses from the site.
Summation of the error in the water balance tabulations for summer and fall in each reach are well below
the measurement error of flow in Railroad Creek (i.e., less than 5 to 7 percent of the flow at RC-4). The
water balance accuracy is not sufficient to rule out small water sources not specifically identified as a
component of the inflow, or to evaluate the accuracy of the individual component inflow estimates.
Since error in the water balance is within the measurement error of Railroad Creek, and the magnitude of
the inflow components is generally (with the exception of Copper Creek) well below the error in
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streamflow measurement, the absolute magnitude of the inflow components cannot be evaluated from the
water balance results. The conclusions presented herein were developed based on field measurements
with inherent variability. The variability in field measurements result in a potential error in water balance
values, depending on the methods utilized to analyze the data. Potential error is assumed randomly
distributed about the mean such that mean values can be compared directly. The accuracy of the water
balance inputs, therefore, is subject to the assumptions made in the analysis and the observations made in
the field. Given these constraints, the water balance analysis generally indicates that there are no
significant missing inflow components. This conclusion is supported by the chemical loading analysis
presented in Section 6 and, therefore, provides substantiation of the above conclusion as well as the
general magnitude of the estimated inflows to Railroad Creek.
Reacb 1 - RC-1 to RC-4 (Table 4.4-9, and Figures 4.4-20 and 4.421)
The water balance results for Reach 1 generally indicates that too much water has been accounted for,
although the error relative to the flow at RC-4 is low, ranging less than -1 to -2 percent for the spring
water balance and 0.3 percent to -1.7 percent for the fall (Table 4.4-9). The water balance equation for
Reach 1 is expressed as:
where:
where:
Qrc4=Qrc1 +Qa+Qb+Qsr (Reference ~~uation 4- 13)
Qrc4 = 460 cfs (spring) 125 cfs (fall)
Qrcl = 460 to 465 cfs (spring) 125 to 126 cfs (fall
Qa = ' 1.5
to 0 3 cfs (spring) 0.5 to -0.5 cfs (fall)
Qb= 1.3,cfs(spring) 0.15 cfs (fall)
Qor = 2.3 cfs (spring) .0.02 cfs (fall)
Qr = Qrc4 - (Qrcl + Qa + Qb + Qsr) (4- 1 5)
Qr = -4.1 to - 10.1 cfs (spring) 0.3 to - 1.7 cfs (fall)
The inflow estimates for this reach are within the measurement error for streamflow and the estimates
appear to be biased toward too much inflow. Thus, it is likely that inflow components large enough to
impact the water balance have not been overlooked. Additionally, the water balance components as
estimated can adequately account for chemical inputs observed within Railroad Creek (see Section 6.0).
The water balance results also show that direct seep flow, measured as surface flow, is only a small
component of baseflow inputs from the alluvial aquifer. The contribution of water flow from the bedrock
aquifer (Qb) as measured'at the 1500-level main portal drainage station P-1 (Qpl) was estimated to be
relatively low for the MayIJune time period (0.3%) and negligible for the September time period. Flow
from the portal drainage, even considering losses from the drainage as it flows from P-1 to P-5, is
sufficient to account for inflow from the bedrock aquifer during both periods. Recharge to the alluvial
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aquifer from the portal drainage, observed as seep flow into the lagoon, provides adequate recharge to
provide sufficient discharge from the alluvial aquifer to account for flow in Railroad Creek.
Reach 2 - RC-4 to RC-2 (Table 4.4-10, and Figures 4.4-20 and 4.4-21)
Similar to Reach 1, the sum of the water balance estimates generally indicate an error bias toward
negative values, although the estimate errors in this reach may also be slightly positive. The water
balance equation for Reach 2 is expressed as:
where:
where:
Qrc2 = 5 1 5 to 529 cfs (spring)
Qrc4 = 460 cfs (spring)
Qa = 5.3 cfs (spring)
Qsr = 3.4 cfs (spring)
Qt = 59.8 cfs (spring)
Qrc2 = Qrc4 + Qa + Qsr + Qt (Reference Equation 4- 14)
140 to 144 cfs (fall)
125 cfs (fall)
1.6 cfs (fall)
0 cfs (fall)
16.3 cfs (fall)
Qr = Qrc2 - (Qrc4 + Qa + Qsr + Qt) (4- 16)
Qr = - 13.5 to 0.5 cfs (spring) -2.9 to 1.1 cfs (fall)
Relative to RC-4, the estimate errors range from approximately 1 percent to -3 percent. This magnitude
of error is well within the measurement error for flow in Railroad Creek. Thus, there does not appear to
be any missing flow components that are large enough to impact the water balance.
There is a gain in flow in Railroad Creek between RC-4 (Qrc4) and RC-2 (Qrc2) for both the MaylJune
and September 1997 time periods; the increased flow was measured to range between 12 and 15 percent.
During the MaylJune 1997 time period, there was an estimated gain of direct surface water runoff
contribution to Railroad Creek from the north bank of Railroad Creek (Qsr north bank) of less than 0.7
percent. There was no gain of surface water from the south bank of Railroad Creek (Qsr south bank) due
to the presence of surface water interceptor ditches to the south of the tailings piles. During the
September time period, the runoff from the south and north banks was assumed to be approaching zero.
There was no measurable contribution of water flow from the bedrock aquifer for both the MayiJune and
September time periods within this reach.
4.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES
The 1975 ORB report noted that the Site is eligible for nomination as a historic site. This was confirmed by
a USFS, Pacific Northwest Region, Determination of Significance and Effect form which indicated that the
Site was determined to be eligible as early as 1979. A "Draft Determination of Eligibility Report," dated
1991, was prepared by the USFS and nominated the Holden Mine Historic District to the National Register

of Historic Places. In that report, the historic district includes the Railroad Creek drainage from Lucerne on
Lake Chelan, the Holden Village townsite, the Holden Mine mill and mine complex with its associated
buildings and features, and the outlying properties known as Honeymoon Heights and Winston home sites.
Consequently, any proposed modifications to the structures andlor immediately surrounding areas are
required to be reviewed by the USFS.
4.6 ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
4.6.1 Aquatic Biota
The aquatic biota field. investigations (benthic macroinvertebrate sampling, fish sampling and habitat
evaluations) were conducted between mid-September to mid-October 1997. Although aquatic biota,
particularly fish, may relocate during other periods of the year (e.g., runoff), the fall sampling afforded
the safest ind most efficiknt sampling of aquatic biota within Railroad Creek and the upper Stehekin
River drainage. Surface water quality samples were also collected at the aquatic biota sampling locations
during this period.
4.6.1.1 Sampling Locations
Site
Five aquatic sampling locations considered potentially affected by mine activity and two reference locations
were selected within Railroad Creek. Referring to Figure 4.6-1, these sampling locations are described as
follows:
RC-6. Railroad Creek immediately downstream from the Wilderness Boundary. This
location was established as a reference location representing conditions upstream from
mine activities. This location was selected to be compared with PNLLs sampling Station -
1.
a RC-1. Railroad Creek approximately 300 yards downstream from the Wilderness
Boundary. This location was also established as a reference location representing
conditions upstream from mine activities. This location was selected to be compared with
PNL's sampling Station - 2.
RC-9. Railroad Creek immediately upstream from Copper Creek. This location was
established to represent conditions downstream from tailings pile 1 and the portal drainage
and was selected to be compared with PNL's sampling Station - 3.
RC-7. Railroad Creek adjacent to tailings pile 3. This location was established to represent
aquatic conditions from Copper Creek downstream from tailings pile 2 and was selected to
be compared with PNL's sampling Station - 4.
RC-5a. Railroad Creek immediately upstream from Tenmi le Creek. This location was
established to represent conditions from tailings pile 2 downstream to Ten Mile Creek and
was selected to be compared with ~~L's'sam~lin~
Station - 5.
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Reference Reaches
RC-10. Railroad Creek immediately downstream from Seven Mile Creek. This location
was established to represent conditions from Ten Mile Creek downstream to Seven Mile
Creek and was selected to be compared with PNL's sampling Station - 6.
RC-3. Railroad Creek approximately 100 yards upstream from Lake Chelan. This location
was established to represent conditions of the lower segment of Railroad Creek prior to
Lake Chelan and was selected to be compared with PNL's sampling Station - 8.
Referring to Figure 4.6-2, three additional reference locations were identified within streams located outside
the Railroad Creek drainage for comparison to habitat conditions in Railroad Creek downstream of the
Holden Mine. Available aerial photographs were also reviewed and representatives of the USFS and
Washington Department of Game & Fish were contacted for assistance in identifying alternative reference
sampling locations outside the Railroad Creek drainage. The "non-Railroad Creek" reference reach
selection process initially included the identification of stream reaches that were within 'drainage basins
greater than 30 square miles within the Lake Chelan watershed, appeared to include a 100 meter reach
length suitable for comparison with reaches in Railroad Creek, and were located at elevations that
approximated the range of elevation of Railroad Creek downstream from the mine. This selection process
resulted in the identification of reaches that could possibly contain habitat similar to reaches in Railroad
Creek and reaches that may generally be compared to Railroad Creek. The process was carried out with the
understanding that the reference reaches selected would merely approximate conditions in Railroad Creek in
the absence of mine-related activities and no reach outside the drainage would be an exact match to any
particular reach in Railroad Creek.
Key habitat variables were identified to characterize stream reaches in the Lake Chelan watershed. These
habitat variables were associated with topographic map indices which were used to compare the reference
reaches with the map indices for the reaches in Railroad Creek downstream from the Holden Mine.
Table 4.6-1 lists the key habitat variables and their associated map indices.
The reaches of Railroad Creek were delineated by slope and identified from downstream to upstream as
Reach A (downstream), B, C, D and E (upstream) (see Figure 4.6- 1). The reference reaches were selected
to compare with these reaches based on a review of the watersheds in the Lake Chelan Basin, discussions
with the USFS, and the results of a reconnaissance conducted in September 1997. The only watersheds of
sufficient size that would potentially provide habitat comparable to Railroad Creek were in the upper
Stehekin River (upstream from Lake Chelan) and 25-Mile Creek. Within the Stehekin River watershed,
streams draining watersheds with large glacier areas were excluded because these would likely result in
significant differences in water quality due to glacial flour and associated impacts to sight feeding, sun
penetration and temperature of the water. In addition, watersheds that were not accessible by road or trail
were not considered.
The references for the reach of Railroad Creek from adjacent to the mine at Holden downstream to
approximately Seven Mile Creek (Reach D) have been previously established from the Glacier Peak
Wilderness boundary downstream to the Holden Mine influence (several hundred yards upstream of the
Vehicle Bridge). The two reference locations have been identified as RC-1 and RC-6 within this reach.
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This reach is similar to Reach D adjacent to and immediately downstream from the mine because it is
contiguous, drains to the same watershed, has a similar channel slope and is believed to have the same
riparian and valley conditions as the reach near the Holden Mine.
The reaches of Railroad Creek downstream from approximately Seven Mile Creek to Lake Chelan (Reaches
C, B, and A) exhibit different characteristics compared to the reference reach at RC-1 and RC-6. In general
the channel slope is steeper, the contributing watershed area is larger and the valley width is narrower than
at the Site. The reference reaches for Railroad Creek downstream from Seven Mile Creek (reaches C, B,
and A) were selected for conditions that may be generally comparable to natural conditions of the lower
reaches of Railroad Creek (i.e., in the absence of the Holden Mine).
The candidate reference reaches (including RC-6 and RC- 1) were compared to each of the Railroad Creek
reaches (A through E) to identify the most representative reference reach for each Railroad Creek reach
based solely on information obtained from topographic and geologic maps. Ten hydro- and geo-
morphological parameters were considered pertinent to the identification of representative reference
reaches. The ten parameters have varying influence on the quality of potential aquatic resources at each .
reference site. Furthermore, other factors such as fishing pressure, and presence or absence of quality
trout habitat also have influence on the quality and quantity of aquatic resources. The parameters
considered during the selection of reference reaches are as follows:
Channel slope
Valley width
Watershed area size
Presence of glaciers within the watershed
Lakes within the watershed
Dominant geology
Elevation
Drainage network (stream order)
Aspect
Presence of downstream fish barriers
Evaluation of these parameters resulted in the selection of those reference reaches that had seven or more
parameters which matched within a particular Railroad Creek reach. Final selection of reference reaches
was determined through field verification during early September 1997, and with USFS concurrence.
As a result of the above process, the following reference locations and their comparable Railroad Creek
reaches were selected:
Reference Location comparable Railroad Creek Reach
Railroad Creek (RC-6) D and E (RC-9 and RC-7)
Railroad Creek (RC- 1) D and E (RC-9 and RC-7)
Bridge Creek (near dmile camp) D (RC-5a and RC- 10)
South Fork Agnes Creek (downstream from Swamp Creek) D (RC-Sa and RC- 10)
The evaluation of potential reference sites failed to identify segments suitable fir comparing to Railroad
Creek reaches "C" "B" and "A." Reaches "C" and "B" are relatively steep in gradient as the creek flows
down through a deep canyon before entering reach "A." Various points within reaches "B" and "A" were
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accessed, including the RM-3 "Dan's Camp" station sampled by Pacific Northwest Laboratories (1992),
during the initial reconnaissance of the creek. Beqause of the steep gradient and flows, both of which were
considered a potentially unacceptable risk to the sampling team, no aquatic sampling locations were
identified within these reaches. However, based on field observations, RC-10 could be considered
representative of reach "C" and. thus, the reference locations at Bridge Creek and South Fork Agnes Creek
could be considered suitable references for reach "C."
Reach "A" is at the mouth of Railroad Creek and is unique due to channel slope, valley width, the
percentage of glaciers, and the proximity of the lake. A reach of Company Creek, a tributary to the Stehekin
River, was identified as a potential reference reach based on the evaluation of the ten hydro- and geological
parameters previously described. This particular reach was approximately 4 miles upstream From the
confluence with the Stehekin River and was the only reach within Company Creek considered to qualify for
reference based on the evaluation of the ten parameters. However, during field verification, the Company
Creek reach was determined inaccessible and of substantially lower discharge than any of the Railroad
Creek reaches. Therefore, the Company Creek reach was eliminated as a reference reach candidate.
Subsequent to the final selection of stream reaches determined to be qualified as reference reaches, the
USFS identified the need to select a reference reach to represent Railroad Creek reach "A" with the primary
criteria being the potential for migratory species to frequent the reach during the spawning season. The
migratory species of particular concern in this case was the Kokanee salmon. Although the importance of
the ten criteria and its application for selecting reference reaches were recognized, the primary
criteria for selecting a reference reach for lower Railroad Creek (which is accessible to Lake Chelan
spawning kokanee salmon) was the documented occurrence of kokanee salmon in the reference reach. The
lower segment of Company Creek has historically served as a quality spawning tributary to the Stehekin
River for Lake Chelan kokanee salmon. Therefore, a reach of lower Company Creek was selected as a
possible reference for lower Railroad Creek with the qualification that Company Creek was not similar to
lower Railroad Creek with respect to the ten hydrologic and geologic parameters and the stream discharge
but with respect to the potential for kokanee salmon to access the stream.
4.6.1.2 Habitat Evaluations
Aquatic sampling locations were selected in an attempt to minimize variations attributable to habitat.
However, since not all habitat variables could be held constant, habitat was evaluated to estimate the
potential for supporting viable aquatic resources based on physical habitat quality in comparison to
reference locations. As previously described, habitat was qualitatively evaluated using the guidance
provided in the U.S. EPA (1993), Region 10 In-stream Biological Monitoring Handbook for Wadable
Streams in the Pacific Northwest. Furthermore, the evaluation of habitat was not intended to indicate
trout carrying capacity but was employed merely to contribute to the weight of evidence used to assess
the conditions of the aquatic communities within Railroad Creek and the various reference streams.
All ten locations (including the reference locations) were evaluated. The average (five transects per
location) habitat parameter ratings by location are presented in Table 4.6-2. Again, it is emphasized that the
habitat scores do not represent potential trout biomass or carrying capacity but are used only to compare
stations with respect to overall habitat quality. Furthermore, although certain stations may appear to be
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4-96 DAMES & MOORE

similar based on the total habitat scores, the composition of the total score for the "similar" stations may be
influenced by different habitat parameters.
In general and as described in PNL (1992), Railroad Creek stream gradient and discharge increase as the
creek flows from the Glacier Peak Wilderness Area boundary downstream to Lucerne. Average substrate
size generally increases from predominately cobble to mainly boulder-size particles downstream from
Sevenmile Creek. The results of the habitat assessments indicate that, in general, habitats were similar
averaging 104 with the notable exceptions of RC-9 (77) and BC- I (1 20). Excluding RC-9 and BC- I, the
habitat scores ranged from 93 at RC-3 to 1 13 at SFAC-1.
The Railroad Creek reference locations RC-6 and RC-1 (scores of 11 1 and 105, respectively) provided near
average habitat for aquatic biota. Bottom substrate was void of fines and embeddedness was low primarily
due to the relatively high stream gradient at both locations. RC-6 provided slightly more fish habitat related
to the abundance and disbursement of cobble. The channels of both locations were overall relatively wide
and shallow. Although RC-I provided more pool habitat than RC-6, both had relatively shallow channels
overall. Both locations exhibited instability along the banks. Although vegetation was present along the
banks, particularly at RC-6, various stages of bank erosion were observed.
Location RC-9 exhibited the lowest habitat rating (77). The evaluation resulted in low scores in all
parameters except disruptive pressure which scored high primarily because of the low occurrence of
vegetation immediately adjacent to the bank. RC-9 provided less instream cover (cobble habitat) than all
stations, excluding RC-7. This location is adjacent (south bank) to tailings pile 1 and the seep (SP-2) that
originates from tailings pile 1. Ferricrete was found encroaching the creek along the bank adjacent to the
tailings. However, the ferricrete appeared to break up at the creek's edge with staining and precipitate
occurring in the lower portions of the location only. Large boulders presumably placed during historic
reclamation efforts provided a majority of the fish habitat within this location. Approximately 75 percent of
the stream substrate at this location experiences a precipitate or flocculent which appears to originate near
the tailings pile 1 seep.
RC-7 located adjacent to tailings pile 3 has comparatively less instream cover (cobble habitat) than all
stations, excluding RC-9. The overall habitat rating for RC-7 was 94. Both banks of this location support
alders; however, some erosion was evident especially along the south bank near the tailings pile where the
bank was unstable. The bottom substrate at RC-7 is generally covered with an orange-yellow precipitate
(presumably iron) which could be easily disturbed and suspended within the water column.
RC-5a and RC-10 provide trout habitat primarily in the form of occasional deep runs and undercut banks
along the south bank. Iron precipitate continues to occur throughout both of these locations. However, the
precipitate's presence continually reduced as the stream flows downstream from RC-5a. Alders are
prevalent adjacent to the bank affording bank stability at each location. The banks of these locations remain
undisturbed and the established vegetation provides shading, overhangs for fish cover and a possible source
of terrestrial insects.
Sampling location RC-3, located near the mouth of Railroad Creek is characterized as a high gradient stream
with numerous large boulders in the deeper water upstream near the bridge. The lower portion of this
location is shallow with a relatively wide channel. RC-3 has been somewhat disturbed by human activity.
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The banks are relatively nonvegetated, possibly as the result of human encroachment from the road (bridge)
that crosses the upstream end of the location and the general increase in human activities associated with the
USFS campgrounds nearby and the Lucerne boat dock. A mine adit is present approximately one-quarter
mile upstream of the sampling station.
Reference streams selected outside the Railroad Creek drainage were for the most part undisturbed, with the
exception of Company Creek which is immediately downstream from the' Chelan Public Utilities District
hydropower outfall and included a road crossing (Bridge). Bridge Creek and South Fork Agnes Creek were
located within wilderness areas and, as such, receive minimal human impact. Human access to both creeks
is attainable only by the Pacific Crest Trail.
Based on the habitat analysis results, BC-1 had the best overall habitat. The only parameter noticeably
suppressed at the Bridge Creek location was the "width to depth ratio." Unlike any of the other stations,
approximately 25 percent of the Bridge Creek location consists of a single pool of five to six feet maximum
depth which provide excellent trout cover and holding habitat for feeding. The remainder of the location is
relatively wide, but consists of numerous large cobbles and boulders which provide relatively good instream
cover for trout.
South Fork Agnes Creek (SFAC-1) provides instream trout cover in the form of scattered cobbles and
boulders and undercut banks and overhanging vegetation. Although the stream is relatively wide at this
location, several pockets backwater (downstream from the cobble and boulders) provide good holding
habitat for trout.
Of all the reference locations (Railroad Creek and non-Railroad Creek), the Company Creek location (CoC-
I) exhibits the most influence from human activity. As previously mentioned, CoC-I is located downstream
from the outfall of a hydropower plant. .CoC- 1 also contains a road crossing (bridge). The stream has high
gradient with numerous large cobble and boulders which provide excellent trout habitat. Vegetation is
nearly nonexistent immediately adjacent to the bank.
4.6.1.3 Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities
The benthic macroinvertebrate communities within Railroad Creek and the reference streams exhibit a wide
range of conditions. .The benthic macroinvertebrate sampling and analysis procedure originally called'for
six to eight replicates to be analyzed at each location, pending the results of a power analysis on six
randomly selected replicates from each site. However, in an attempt to account for the anticipated
variation at each location all eight replicates were analyzed. The results of sampling eight replicates per
location were applied to six indices, the results of which provide indications of community health or
impairment. The indices evaluated are species richness (diversity), ratio of scrapers to filtering collectors,
ephemeroptera, plecoptera and trichoptera (EPT) and chironomid abundance, percent dominant taxon, EPT
index, and the ratio of shredders to total number of individuals collected. In addition to these indices, total
number of organisms per square meter were determined as an indication of productivity at each sampling
location. The results of these evaluations are presented in Tables 4.6-2a and b. The results are presented as
means for all eight replicates at a given-location. A listing of taxa and number. of individuals for each
replicate at each location is presented in Appendix 0.
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Species Richness
Species richness provides an indication of community health through a measurement of the variety of taxa
(species) present. Species richness generally increases with increasing water quality, habitat diversity,
andor habitat suitability (EPA, 1989). As indicated from the 1997 benthic macroinvertebrate sampling
results, species richness at the reference locations ranged from 37 at SFAC-I to 52 at BC-I while locations
downstream from the Site ranged from 9 at RC-5a to 37 at RC-9.
Ratio of Scrapers to Filtering Collectors
The scraper and filtering collector functional feeding group ratio reflects the possible unbalanced
community responding to an overabundance of a particular food source. Scrapers are usually herbivorous
and typically feed on periphyton (attached algae) while filtering collectors will gather food that is suspended
in the water column. The overabundance of scrapers indicates the presence of periphyton while the opposite
imbalance reflects the possible lack of periphyton. The ratio of scrapers to filtering collectors at the
reference locations ranged from 0.8 1 at CoC- 1 to 0.92 at SFAC- I. Locations downstream from the Site
ranged from 0 (locations RC-7,5a, and 10) to 0.78 (RC-9).
Ratio of EPT Taxa and Chironomid Abundance
The EPT and Chironomidae abundance also provides an indication of relative benthic macroinvertebrate
community health. Good biotic condition is reflected in communities having a fairly even distribution
among all four major groups and with substantial representation in the sensitive groups Ephemeroptera,
Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPA, 1989). Populations having more Chironomids relative to the EPT group
may indicate environmental stress. EPT taxa and Chironomid ratios at the reference locations ranged from
0.93 at RC-6 to 0.97 at SFAC- I. Downstream from the Site this index ranged from 0.40 at RC-5a to 0.82 at
RC-9.
Percent Contribution of Dominant Taxa
The percent of contribution of the numerically dominant taxon to the total number of organisms is an
indication of benthic macroinvertebrate community balance at the lowest positive taxonomic level (EPA,
1989). A community dominated by relatively few taxa would be considered under stress. Dominant taxa
contributions at the reference locations ranged from 30 percent at RC-6 and BC-1 to 44 percent at SFAC-I
while downstream from the Site this index ranged from 12 percent at RC-9 to 54 percent at RC-5a.
EPT' Index
Similar to the EPT Taxa and Chironomid ratio, the EPT index reflects the total number of distinct taxa
within the orders Epherneroptera, Plecoptera, and Tricoptera. The index generally increases with increasing
water quality. The EPT index at the reference locations was generally consistent ranging from 26 at SFAC-
1 to 36 at BC-1 while the EPT index at the locations downstream from the Site ranged from 5 at RC-Sa to
25 at RC-9.
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Ratio of Shredder Functional Feeding Group and Total Number of Individuals Collected
Shedders typically feed on living vascular hydrophyte plant tissue and decomposing vascular plant tissue or
coarse particulate organic material (CPOM). Shredders are typically sensitive to riparian zone impacts and
are particularly good indicators of toxic effects when the toxicants involved are readily adsorbed to the
CPOM and either affect the microbial communities colonizing the CPOM or the shredders directly (Plafkin
et al., 1989). This index at the reference locations ranges fiom 0.05 (CoC-I) to 0.14 (SFAC-I) and from
0.15 (RC- 10) to 0.54 (RC-5a) at the location downstream from the Site.
Total Number of Organisms
Total number of organisms reflects the general productivity of a community. In general, the abundance of
organisms indicates the availability of food sources for fish. Productivity within the Railroad Creek
locations was lowest at locations RC-7, -5% and -10 with total number of organisms of 64, 52, and 75,
respectively. The reference locations exhibited considerably higher total numbers of organisms ranging
from 997 at BC- 1 to 1266 at CoC- I.
The substrate sampled for benthic macroinvertebrates was generally homogenous within a given sampling
station. Upstream from the Site (RC-6 and RC-I) and the remote reference stations (SFAC-I, BC-I and
CoC-1) were void of any visible precipitate or flocculent. Precipitate was most evident at stations located
adjacent to and immediately downstream from the tailings piles (RC-7 and RC-5a). Although present, the
precipitate was reduced downstream at RC- I0 and RC-3.
RC-9, immediately upstream from Copper Creek, presented a unique opportunity for observing the affects
of the precipitate with respect to benthic macroinvertebrates. RC-9 was located adjacent to a seep (SP-2)
that originated at tailings pile 1. Approximately two thirds of RC-9 exhibited a transition to substrate
covered with precipitate which appeared to be associated with one or more seeps originating from tailings
pile 1 (Figure 4.6-3). Of the eight replicate samples collected at this station, one sample (replicate A) was
collected upstream and along the opposite bank (north) from the precipitate, two samples (replicates B and
D) were collected immediately upstream from the where the precipitate became obvious but possibly within
the influence of the precipitate, two samples (replicates F and H) were collected along the bank opposite the
seep but within the precipitate, and three samples (replicates C, E, and G) were collected adjacent to the
seep and well within the influence of the precipitate.
The results of the individual replicates indicate probable influence from the precipitate assumed to originate
from the tailings pile I seep or seeps. The sample collected upstream frorn and opposite the seep or seeps
(and upstream from the precipitate ) resulted in 15 10 organisms per square meter which is much greater than
either of the Railroad Creek reference stations (RC-I and RC-6). Those samples collected immediately
upstream resulted in reduced densities (240 and 300 organisms per square meter) compared to the replicate
collected further upstream. The samples obtained along the bank opposite the seep or seeps (200 and 260
organisms per square meter) were similar to those collected immediately upstream frorn the precipitate. The
greatest affect from the precipitate is exhibited by the low numbers of organisms within the replicates
collected adjacent to the seep or seeps (10, 20, and 70 organisms per square meter). Species composition
also changed fiom upstream to downstream of the precipitate. In general, the number of organisms which
feed by collecting detrital materials in the stream substrate were reduced downstream from the precipitate.
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.a I.
Other Related Findings
Comparison of Railroad Creek Locations with Respective Reference Locations
Data collected for the benthic invertebrate community metrics were evaluated using the W test to
determine if the data were lognormally or normally distributed. The results from these distribution fits
were then utilized for statistical comparison in accordance with the pairings of Railroad Creek locations
and their respective reference locations previously described. The results of the distribution fit for each
pair of locations are presented in Table 4.6-2c while the statistical comparisons of the Railroad Creek
location pairs with the respective reference pairs are presented in Table 4.6-2d. Because lognormal and
normal fits and "no fit" conditions were encountered during the distribution fit evaluations, both
parametric and nonparametric tests were used on the Railroad Creek and reference locations for the
comparisons. The parametric test (independent t-test with 95 percent confidence) was performed if the
reference and Railroad Creek metrics were found to be both either lognormally or normally distributed.
A nonparametric test (Wilcoxin Rank Sum test with 95 percent confidence) was performed if the
distribution fits from both data sets were not identical or the evaluation indicated no fit. Results of the
statistical comparisons indicated that the percent dominant taxa were similar between both groups (RCl
and RC-6 reference compared with RC9 and RC-7 affected and SFAC-1 and BC-1 reference compared
with RC-5a and RC-10). The only other comparison indicating similarity was the ratio of shredders in the
comparison of RC 1 and RC-6 reference with RC-9 and RC-7.
Comparison of Species and Sampling Stations
Benthic invertebrate communities in Railroad Creek at the upstream reference sites are similar to
communities in other streams outside the drainage (Bridge Creek, South Fork Agnes Creek, and Company
. Creek). Other sampling locations at and downstream of the Site are variously affected. The number of taxa
and organisms are reduced at all stations at or downstream of the former operations. A more careful
analysi$ of trophic and habitat requirements for the organisms present at the various sites indicate that the
primary effect immediately downstream of the tailings piles is a reduction in habitat capability for benthic
invertebrates. This conclusion is based on several factors including the following:
, .
• Benthic communities at the reference sites contain the hll spectrum of trophic types
(scrapers, shredders, collectors, filter feeders, and predators) as well as habitat usage (free
ranging, burrowers, net spinning, upper stone surface).
This hll range and similar density is also found in upstream unaffected (by iron
oxyhydroxide precipitate) portions of RC-9. This sampling station is downstream of the
portal drainage where the portal water will be hlly mixed with Railroad Creek water and
yet the upstream portion of this sampling station shows no apparent toxicological effect
from that discharge. The concentration of metals of concern does not change appreciably at
sampling stations downstream of RC-9.
The lower portion of RC-9 (affected by iron oxyhydroxide precipitate) and all other
downstream sites except RC-3 demonstrate an affected benthic community. These
sampling stations (except RC-3) have communities without large free ranging predators,
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without scrapers and organisms requiring a clean upper stone surface and without
organisms requiring large interstitial spaces for hiding. The organisms found within these
affected communities are those that feed by collecting detrital materials, burrow in the
substrate and require small interstitial space. The numbers of these organisms are
generally reduced downstream from RC-9, in comparison with the Railroad Creek
reference stations. The prevalence of the iron oxyhydroxide precipitate on and in the
substrate has influenced the substrate downstream from RC-9 by infilling the interstitial
spaces and coating the surface of the substrate which generally limits the establishment of
periphyton. The benthic macroinvertebrates inhabiting the stations downstream from
RC-9 will expend more energy in burrowing in the affected substrate because of its finer
and more compact nature. In addition, these organisms will have to ingest a larger
quantity of sediment, because the sediments contain a quantity of metal hydroxides that
do not occur in native sediment, to obtain an adequate amount of fine organic matter.
The fine organic detritus is the food source for these organisms and will be more dilute in
the sediments than would otherwise occur because of the addition of the metal
hydroxides. Therefore, the basic principles of bioenergetics would indicate that these
organisms expend more energy to live in the substrate and to ingest and pass this added
amount of material through their digestive tract than the same organisms in unaffected
areas of the stream.
It is noted that at sampling stations RC-7 and RC-9 a total of three new genera are found
that do not occur at any other site sampled. These genera are the Plecopteran Leuctra sp.
found at RC-7 and the Plecopteran Kathroperla sp. and the Dipteran Oreogeton sp. found
at RC-9. The organisms are detrital feeding organisms that generally live the substrate.
The new Plecopteran genera, as members of the Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and
Trichoptera group of pollution sensitive organisms, are generally considered pollution
sensitive (EPA, 1989), and are so likely represented because of the alteration in habitat.
It is also interesting to note that the filter feeders are variously present throughout Railroad
Creek. ~ilter feeding insects are generally considered to be sensitive to compounds of
concern in the water column because of their necessary greater exposure to water
containing compounds of concern. That is, they must position themselves in the flow of the
stream for their food capturing nets to work efficiently.
Sampling station RC-3 demonstrates a level of recovery from habitat effects because the
benthic community is largely restored in composition.
Com~arison With Recent Data Collected by Others
The review of the ;uly 1997 report by Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology), Eflects of the
Holden Mine on Water, Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan), Publication
No. 97-330 disclosed the following:
The report describes work conducted in June and September 1996. The June effort was a
reconnaissance and'water sampling event. The September sampling included the sampling
of water, sediment and benthic invertebrates.
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The invertebrate sampling was performed using a kick net of 500 micron mesh. The work
performed by Dames & Moore used an enclosed sampler with 250 micron mesh netting
and is considered a preferred sampling procedure. The invertebrates collected by Ecology
did not represent the full range of invertebrates collected by Dames & Moore and
demonstrates a lack of disturbance of the substrate when collecting.
The taxa list, metals tolerance list, and mean number of organisms provided in the Ecology
report show a nearly complete lack of invertebrate organisms at and downstream of the
Site. The Dames & Moore data demonstrate a very different picture with a change in
community structure and reduction in numbers.
The invertebrates found by Dames & Moore at and downstream of the Site are among the
most metal intolerant organisms found on the list provided by Ecology. It is not likely that
the community changed significantly between 1996 (Ecology sampling) and 1997 (Dames
& Moore sampling) but the difference is more likely a result of the collection methods
employed in the two studies.
4.6.1.4 Fish Communities '
Ecology found the sediment not toxic and the toxicity of water was uncertain.
Fish communities within Railroad Creek consist of primarily cutthroat (Oncorhynchus clarki spp.) and
rainbow trout (0. miss). Mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdt] have also been observed within Railroad Creek
(PNL, 1992). Numerous fish barriers located within the canyon relief of reach B preclude the upstream
movement of fish originating in lower Railroad Creek or Lake Chelan. Occasionally, Kokanee (0. nerh
nerh) will enter the creek from Lake Chelan iri late September or early October in search of spawning
areas. During the fall (1997) investigations, approximately 10 Kokanee salmon were observed in lower
Railroad Creek. Although a comprehensive spawning survey was not included in the 1997 investigations,
opportunistic observations were made of the stream substrate conditions during a reconnaissance of
Railroad Creek in early September and during the subsequent benthic macroinvertebrate ad fish
sampling. Upon observing Kokanee in the lower segment of Railroad Creek (within approximately 300
yards of Lake Chelan), a more thorough reconnaissance of substrate conditions was conducted within that
segment of Railroad Creek in an attempt to identify the existence of gravel suitable for spawning.
Considering female salmon usually dig redds in a riffle area in small- to medium-size gravel (Wydoski
and Whitney, 1979), the results of the reconnaissance indicated that very little, if any, substrate suitable
for spawning existed within this segment of Railroad Creek.
Fish communities were sampled by snorkeling at all ten locations while electrofishing was utilized at all
locations excluding South Fork Agnes Creek and Company Creek. The results of the snorkeling and
electrofishing sampling are presented in Table 4.6-3. A summary of the general composition and condition
of the fish at each location electrofished is presented in Table 4.6-3a.
As indicated during past fisheries studies of Railroad Creek (PNL, 1992), cutthroat trout were the most
abundant trout collected throughout all locations while rainbows and rainbowlcutthroat hybrids were
occasionally collected. Cutthroat trout were present at all ten sampling locations. Rainbow trout were
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present at RC-6, RC-I, RC-3, SFAC-I and CoC- 1. Rainbowlcutthroat hybrids were identified at RC-6 and
RC-1 only. One brook trout (Salvelinus fonrinalis) was observed by both snorkelers in Company Creek.
Although none were collected, approximately 10 Kokanee were observed immediately upstream from RC-3.
The mottled sculpin was the only non-trout fish species collected during the survey. Sculpins were collected
at RC-3 only. No signs of gross abnormalities or disease were observed with any of the fish collected
during electrofishing or observed during snorkeling.
The results of each sampling method were similar with the exception of the number of fish observed and
estimated at RC- 10, BC- I, SFAC- I and CoC- I. At RC- I0 and BC- I, several small trout (

Glacier Peak Wilderness Area. Due to the remote setting and the presence of both north- and south-facing
slopes in the valley, the Site is surrounded by a rich diversity of plant community types and wildlife habitats.
For wildlife survey purposes, the Site and the surrounding area was regarded as five sub-areas which
differed by cover type. These sub-areas consisted of the mine tailings, the north facing slopes and old mine
works, the south facing slopes, the riparian area upstream of the tailings, the riparian area downstream of the
tailings, and the tailings themselves. Vegetative differences of these areas are described hereafter.
Although all habitats were surveyed, effort in each area was not equal, due both to different amounts of time
spent in each habitat, and the variable weather conditions encountered. A summary of surveys conducted is
presented in Table 4.6-4.
4.6.2.2 Vegetation
The vegetation in the Site area varied by aspect, elevation, and available moisture, and was broken into five
sub-areas for purposes of the terrestrial surveys. These sub-areas consisted of the tailings piles, the north-
aspect slopes and old mine works, the south-aspect slopes, the riparian area upstream of the tailings, and the
riparian area downstream of the tailings (Figure 4.6-5). A table providing common species name with
scientific name is presented as Table 4.6-5. Vegetative differences of these areas are detaiied below.
North-Aspect Coniferous Forest and Mine Workings
The abandoned mine workings (portals and waste rock dumps) are located on the north-facing valley wall.
The plant diversity is high and vegetation is relatively dense in the moist coniferous forest surrounding the
mine workings. Trees on this slope include Douglas fir, ponderosa pine, western white pine, Englemann
spruce, western red cedar, subalpine fir, Pacific silver fir, western hemlock, mountain hemlock, and
lodgepole pine. The trees are all relatively young and closely spaced, probably as a result of a fire in the .
early 1900s. The herbaceous layer contains many species that are common in the wetter Western Cascades,
including devil's club, various ferns, and goat's beard. Other understory species incl~idt! Oregon boxwood,
bluebeny, and thimblebeny. Numerous avalanche chutes, vegetated with deciduous shrdlrs such as Sitka
alder, mountain ash, Douglas maple, white-flowered rhododendron, and Scouler's willow, bisect the area.
The steep waste rock areas are mostly barren, with scattered alder and conifer seedlings, grasses, sedges, and
forbs.
South-Aspect Coniferous Forest and Open Areas
A much drier, more open forest dominated by ponderosa pine and Douglas fir is found on the south-facing
slope.. The forest understory is predominantly Oregon boxwood and grasses. Pinegrass is common in forest
openings. Shrubs in forest openings and the subalpine areas include Douglas maple, ocean spray,
snowbrush, bitter cherry, snowberry, servicebeny, elderbeny, and willow. Quaking aspen stands are also
present in the avalanche chutes at lower elevations. Rock ferns (e.g., Cryptogramma crispa) grow in the
rocky outcrops, and lichen hangs from tall tree hunks and branches.
Upstream Riparian
Large areas of mixed (deciduous and coniferous) forest with a sparse understory are found in the upstream
riparian zone. Large cottonwood trees up to five feet in diameter dominate in some areas, and large snags
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4-105 DAMES & MOORE

and stumps with bark piles surrounding them, which provide valuable wildlife habitat, are common. Mature
coniferous trees include ponderosa pine, Englemann spruce, Douglas fir, subalpine fir, and western white
pine. The forest floor is covered in places with false Solomon's seal and wild lily of the valley. Bracken
fern, lady fern, and Devil's club grow in lower patches. Dense willow and alder thickets and small, gravel
bottomed ponds are present along the borders of Railroad Creek. Several sedge species are associated with
the rocky pools.
Downstream Riparian
The areas immediately downstream of the tailings include wetlands dominated by extensive willow and
alder thickets near the creek and coniferous forest upland fiom the creek. Farther downgradient from the
tailings, western red cedar dominates in a large wetland forest pocketed with numerous small ponds. Other
trees present include black cottonwood and Englema~ spruce. This wetland area has a lush understory of
mosses, sedges, horsetail, ferns, and herbs, including bog orchids. Fallen timber and large snags surrounded
by bark piles are also present.
Tailings Piles
The tailings piles are sparsely vegetated with a combination of planted and volunteer plant species.
Volunteer tree species found growing along on steep sides of the tailings include Douglas fir, subalpine fu,
and Englemann .spruce. Willow and alder shrubs are also common along the tailings pile edges near
Railroad Creek. Various grasses, forbs, and sedges cover approximately 5 to 10 percent of the tops of the
tailings piles. Revegetation studies and plant inventories of the tailings piles are available from the USFS.
4.6.2.3 Wildlife
Herpetofauna
Herptiles observed during the September 1997 surveys were limited to long-toed salamander larva and a
garter snake in a small pool, adjacent to Railroad Creek, one half mile upstream of the Site. Caddisfly and
other insect larva were also found in this still pool surrounded by bulrushes and alders. Other opportunistic
searches during the seven day survey did not reveal any additional herpetofauna in Railroad Creek, adjacent
pools and wetlands, and upland forested and talus slopes. Amphibian, snake, and lizard species known to
exist in this area are listed in Table 4.6-6.
The amphibian species listed in Table 4.6-6 are found near water throughout all or part of their life stages.
These species all have aquatic larva within their reproduction life stages. The long-toed salamander has
pond adapted larva while the Pacific giant has stream adapted larva. The tailed frog breeds and lives near
fast moving, rocky mountain streams, while the other frog species breed in ponds, wetlands, or still, shallow
water near streams. Adult western toads and Pacific treefrogs may range far from water in a variety of
habitats (Leonard et al., 1993). The snakes listed in the table could be found in any of the habitats near the
Site. Rubber boas and garter snakes are usually found near water, and they sometimes share rocky denning
sites in winter (Brown et al., 1995).
Other herpetofauna potentially occurring within the area include the northwestern salamander, Van Dyke's
salamander, Larch Mountain salamander, rough-skinned newt, western fence lizard, western skink, racer,
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sharptail snake, gopher snake, and western rattlesnake. The known ranges of these species do not currently
extend to the Site area, but habitat for these species is available in the Railroad Creek drainage. For
example, western rattlesnakes could potentially be found in rocky outcrops on the south-facing slopes, and
isolated populations of Larch Mountain salamanders could be found in moist talus on north-facing slopes.
4.6.2.4 Avifauna
Because the terrestrial biota surveys were conducted in early September, most species observed were either
year-round residents of the area, or migrants passing through. Most summer residents (breeders) had already
departed for southern latitudes. Species which would be expected to use the area for breeding in summer, as
well as probable residents which were not observed, are listed in Table 4.6-7.
Mixed feeding flocks of both resident and migrating bird species were common in all cover types surveyed.
Red-breasted nuthatches, mountain chickadees, dark-eyed juncos, American robins, and golden-crowned
kinglets were the most abundant bird species observed. Other commonly observed species included
chestnut-backed chickadees, Townsend's warbler, white-crowned sparrows, hermit thrushes, cedar
waxwings, finch species (Cassin's and/or purple) and crossbills. A complete list of species observed, by
cover type, is given in Table 4.6-8. A short description of the avifauna found in each survey area is given
I
below.
North-Aspect Coniferous Forest and Mine Workings
Bird density was generally high, with many mixed feeding flocks present. Bird species of interest observed
around the mine workings include a Pileated woodpecker, sharp-shinned hawk, varied thrush, and Clark's
nutcracker. Finch species were also common.
South-Aspect Conifer Stands and Open Areas
Birds were abundant on this slope, although not as abundant as on the north facing slope. Townsend's
solitaire, finches and crossbills were common in this habitat, as were robins. A golden eagle, a rough-
legged hawk and a pair of sharp-shinned hawks were also observed on Martin's Ridge.
Upstream Riparian
A red-tailed hawk was observed perched along the edge of Railroad Creek, and blue grouse were also
observed in the shrubby cover along the Holden Lake trail. Large feeding flocks composed primarily of
robins, cedar waxwings, and sphrmws were also present. No wading birds or water fowl were observed in
riparian areas during the survey. However, dabbling ducks may breed near pools adjacent to Railroad
Creek.
Downstream Riparian
Bird density appeared relatively low in this area. However, the number of birds observed may have been
influenced by rainy weather during the surveys of this area. Two juvenile American dippers were observed
feeding on invertebrates in Railroad Creek, just below the foot of the tailings piles. No other dippers were
observed in the study area.
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Tailings Piles
A flock of violet-green swallows (>50 birds) and a few barn swallows foraged daily for insects over the
tailings piles. Swallows were not observed in other habitats, surrounding the Site, with the exception of the
open areas around Holden Village. A large flock of American pipits (ca. 35 birds) was also observed
foraging at the tailings piles; this species nests in open alpine areas and probably uses the tailings pile
primarily during migration. Two immature red-tailed hawks were observed hunting along the tailings piles
suggesting a nest in the area.
A variety of avian species are expected to use both the tailings piles and the affected areas of Railroad
Creek, to varying degrees. All insectivorous species which use the riparian zone surrounding Railroad
Creek probably consume flying insects which spend their larval stage in the creek. Vegetation gleaning
species (warblers, vireos, chickadees) would consume fewer such insects than species which hawk for
insects on a regular basis (flycatchers, cedar waxwings). Dippers consume almost exclusively aquatic
insects.
Most bird species living in the vicinity of the Site are unlikely to use the tailings piles on a regular basis.
Birds of the Cascades are adapted to structurally complex habitats and the tailings piles are predominately
structurally simple. Some species, however, are likely to frequent the tailings piles, including raptors and
owls in search of small mammals. Although small mammal densities on the tailings are probably not high,
suitable habitat for a variety of species does exist and the lack of cover makes them available to avian
predators.
Other avian species observed on the tailings or likely to be present include barn and violet-green swallows,
American pipits, and common nighthawks. Swallows feed on airborne insects which may originate from
the tailings pile and railroad creek. During aquatic insect hatches, a large proportion of swallow diets
consist of insects from Railroad Creek. Pipits eat insects and seeds gleaned from the ground and are
therefore likely consuming forage originating from the tailings pile. However, pipits are only visitors to the
area during migration. Common nighthawks, which also feed on airborne insects, are ground nesters, and
prefer open, gravelly nest sites.
4.6.2.5 Mammals
Bat species which are potentially present in the Site area are listed in Table 4.6-9. The western big-eared bat
appears to roost exclusively in caves and mines, buildings, and bridges, while most of the other species will
also roost under loose bark and in rock crevices. For most species, caves, mines, and buildings are used for
maternity roosts and hibernacula (Christy and West, 1993).
Potential bat roosts exist at the 1500-level main portal, the 1500-level ventilator portal, and in the 1 loo-,
500-, and 300-level portals. Depending on the time of year, the mine portals may be used for night or day
roosts, colonial roosts (males and non-breeding females), maternity colonies, or hibernacula. The 1500-
level main portal which provides both roosting habitat and drinking water, appears to be the most suitable
. for bat roosting.
During the bat surveys, bats were observed at dusk near the surface of the 1500-level main mine portal
drainage. However, there was insufficient daylight to determine whether they were exiting or enteringthe
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portal itself. Bats were not observed anywhere else at the Site or the surrounding area during the September
1997 surveys, but large numbers were observed at the ballfield in July (personal communication with Steve
Arnett, Dames & Moore, 1997). Bats may have been less active in September than July because of the
cooler temperatures and damper weather. Due to the timing of the survey, data were not collected on the
use of the Site by breeding bats. Although warmer environmental conditions are generally required for
maternity roosts, no conclusions can be made from the existing literature or bat expert knowledge as to the
potential presence or absence of breeding bats at the Holden Mine Site.
During the general surveys, mammal species commonly observed included Douglas squirrel, mule deer,
chipmunks (yellow pine and/or Townsend's), and golden-mantled ground squirrels. Except for black bears,
no predators were observed. Given the ample prey base, predators are expected to use the area regularly.
However, these species are secretive by nature and can easily avoid detection at the Site, as thick cover is
available, and only a relatively small area is used by humans. A complete list of all mammals observed is
provided in Table 4.6-10 by survey area. Observed animal species of special note are listed below by
habitat.
~orth-~spect Coniferous Forest and Mine Workings
Small mammals were common, including both Douglas squirrels and chipmunks. Pikas and their hay piles
were observed on the west and east waste rock piles.
South-Aspect Conifer Stands and Open Areas
High on the ridge deer sign was common, and the remains of a fresh deer carcass suggested the presence
of mountain lion andlor coyotes.
Upstream Riparian
Mule deer and a bear were observed in the shrubby cover along the Holden Lake trail, as well as numerous
chipmunks, Douglas squirrels, and golden-mantled ground squirrels.
Downstream Riparian
Bear and deer sign were common.
Tailings Piles
Deer tracks and deer pellets were observed on the tailings, especially where the cover was somewhat better
established. Golden-mantled ground squirrels and chipmunks were also observed in these areas.
A variety of mammals are expected to use the tailings pile and Railroad Creek. However, with the
exception of small mammals, most of these species would not use these areas exclusively as they are highly
mobile and have large home ranges. Species which,might live exclusively on the tailings piles include
golden-mantled ground squirrel, chipmunk spp., deer mouse, and bushytail woodrat. Species potentially
inhabiting the riparian zone exclusively, include the aforementioned small mammals as well as vole spp.,
Pacific jumping mouse, and beaver. Additionally, all the species listed in Table 4.6-9 as potentially present
in the Site area may use the tailings areas to some degree.
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4.6.3 Threatened or Endangered Species
This section provides descriptions of federal- and state-listed and candidate species potentially occurring in
the vicinity of the Site: Table 4.6-1 1 summarizes the inf~rmation'~resented on these species.
4.6.3.1 Federal- and State-Listed Species
Gray Wolf (Canis lupus)
- Status
The gray wolf is listed by the USFWS and the State of Washington as endangered. The gray wolf is a FS
sensitive species.
Backmound Information
Wolves formerly occupied most of the North American continent. Their current distribution is from Alaska
through Canada and into the northern United States from Washington to Michigan.
Po~ulations in Vicinitv of the Site
The Site is surrounded by suitable gray wolf habitat with a year round supply of mule deer prey. Three
confirmed wolf den sites were discovered in the North Cascades in 1990 (USFWS, 1992). Several
unconfirmed sightings in the vicinity of the Site are on record with the USFS. The closest sighting just east
, of Copper Creek (T31N R17E S18 NE114) and less than Smile fiom the Site occurred on July 26, 1995.
Two other sightings in the Railroad Creek watershed include one near Hart Lake (T3 IN R16E S4) in July
1993, and one south of Mirror Lake near the head of Tumble Creek (T3 IN R18E S3 1) in September 1991.
Wolf howling surveys have been conducted by USFS biologists following visitor reports of wolf sightings
in the Railroad creek drainage. These surveys have failed to confirm any of the sightings to date. The most
reliable sighting so far has been one in Copper Basin (personal communication with Mallory Lenz, USFS,
1997).
Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)
- Status
The peregrine falcon is federally listed by the USFWS as endangered. It is also listed by Washington State
as endangered.
Background Information
The peregrine falcon has a worldwide distribution except for Antarctica. Peregrine falcons are usually
observed in Washington as a migrant or winter visitor, although some are known to breed here. Two
subspecies currently breed in Washington State: Peale's (F.P. pealei) and Continental Peregrine Falcon
(F.P. anaturn). Peale's subspecies is found along the ocean coasts while the continental subspecies is rare in
eastern Washington. Most Washington breeding records of Peale's subspecies occur along coastal cliffs in
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the San Juan Islands. northern Washington, and the western Olympic Peninsula. The continental subspecies
has been reintroduced at various locations east of the Cascade Mountains (Smith et al. 1997).
Populations in Vicinitv of the Site
The steep, rugged mountainous terrain and open forests of this area provide habitat for peregrine falcons.
Birds, the falcon's prey, are abundant, and potential nest sites like rock cliffs and large trees are plentiful in
the Railroad Creek drainage basin. Peregrine falcons have been observed in the Railroad Creek watershed
basin according to USFS database records. The records include sightings in the vicinity of Dumbell
Mountain (T31N R16E S16), Hart Lake (T3 IN R16E S10,3, and 4) (T32N R16E S34), and Copper Creek
(T3 IN R17E S17). Two other records in the area are north of the basin on Lucerne Mountain (T3 1N R17E
Sl), and south near Lake Chelan (T31N R18E S14). All of these sightings were made in June 1989, with
the exception of the Dumbell Mountain observation in August 1980.
Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)
- Status
The bald eagle is federally listed in Washington State by the USFWS as threatened.
Backmound Information
The bald eagle is found breeding from central Alaska south through Canada and in the United States from
coast to coast south to the Florida Keys, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico and into Baja California (AOU,
1983). Bald eagles occur in Washington as residents near large waters west of the Cascade Mountains, with
fewer breeding birds found in eastern Washington (Rodrick and Milner, 1991). Birds wintering in
Washington are found on the Olympic Peninsula, San Juan Islands, the major tributaries of the Puget Sound,
the Cowlitz and Columbia Rivers, and Hood Canal.
Po~ulations in Vicinitv of the Site
The lower part of Railroad Creek and the area around Domke Lake are designated as Bald Eagle Recovery
Territory. The most suitable habitat for bald eagles in the vicinity of the Site is found along Lake Chelan as
the lake provides a year-round prey base of fish and waterfowl. In addition, mature trees for nesting and
roosting are located in places within one-half mile of the lake. Although the USFS has no records of bald
eagles in the Railroad Creek drainage, bald eagles have been observed north of Railroad Creek on the west
side of Lake Chelan (T32N R18E S19) and on the east side (T3 1N R18E S2).
Grizzly Bear (Ursus horribilis)
- Status
The grizzly bear is listed by the USFWS as threatened and by the State of Washington as endangered. The
FS considers the grizzly bear a sensitive species.
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Background Information
Grizzly bears historically occupied most of western North America from Alaska, south through Canada, all
the way down to central Mexico (Hall and Kelson, 1959). Currently, this species is restricted to some areas
in Washington, Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming in the lower 48 states. In Washington, they are found in the
north and central Cascade Mountains and in the north eastern part of the state.
Populations in Vicinity of the Site
The Site is within the North Cascades Grizzly Bear Recovery Zone which covers about 9,565 square miles
in north-central Washington State. The USFS and wilderness areas surrounding the Site provide suitable
habitat and a large enough area for grizzly bears. Grizzly bear observations evaluated by the Washington
Department of Fish and Wildlife suggest that a small resident population occupies the North Cascades
(USFWS, 1992). Although there are no recent sightings in the Railroad Creek Watershed, the USFS has
recorded a sighting of a grizzly bear near the southwestern edge of Domke Lake (T3 1N 18E S22) on July 4,
1995. In addition, the Department of Fish and Wildlife's Heritage Database has on record two sightings of
an adult grizzly bear (live animal, photo, tracks, and scat) south of Dole Lakes near the Entiat River (T3 1N
R17E 528). Dole Lakes feed into Dole Creek, a tributary of Railroad Creek.
Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis)
- Status
The northern spotted owl is federally listed as threatened with designated critical habitat. It is listed by the
State of Washington as endangered. This species is also considered a FS sensitive species.
Background Information
Spotted owls occur in mountainous and humid coastal forests from southwestern British Columbia, south
through western Washington and western Oregon, to southern California and possibly northern Baja
California; and in the Rocky Mountains from southern Utah and southwestern Colorado, south to the
mountains of Arizona, New Mexico, and western Texas, and south into northern and central Mexico (AOU,
1983). The northern spotted owl occurs in Washington from the Olympic Peninsula east through the
Cascades from Canada south to the Columbia River (Jackson et al., 1995).
Populations in Vicinitv of the Site
The riparian areas adjacent to Railroad Creek generally provide more suitable habitat for spotted owls than
the nearby forested slopes. The riparian and wetland forests along the creek contain mature deciduous and
coniferous trees, some up to 5 feet in diameter. Large, broken topped trees are relatively common. Tree
species in the valley bottom forests include black cottonwood, Englemann spruce, Douglas Fir, western red
cedar, western white pine, and ponderosa pine. According to spotted owl habitat definitions presented in the
Washington Administrative Code (WAC 222-16-085), this forest would be classed as old forest habitat
having the features typically required by spotted owls.
G:\WPDATA\M)5WEPORTS\HOLDEN-ZUUW4,DOC
17693403-019Wuly 19. 1999;4:51 PM;DRAFT FMAL RI REWRT

Other forest communities surrounding the Site are not currently as suitable for spotted owls as the valley
bottom forest. The south aspect slope north of the Site is an open ponderosa pineDouglas fir forest from
about 3,200 to 4,200 feet. Spotted owls are not usually found in open forests at higher elevations (Smith et
al., 1997). The north aspect slope surrounding the old mine workings is a more moist, dense forest, with a
rich mix of conifer species. Tall snags are present which attract cavity dwellers like pileated woodpeckers.
This forest is still maturing, only a few large trees remain at higher elevations (>4,800t) due to a fire in the
early 1900s. The north aspect forest should become better spotted owl habitat as it matures.
Spotted owl surveys in the Railroad Creek Watershed Basin have been limited due to the rugged terrain and
the noise of Railroad Creek. However, a female spotted owl was followed to the upper Railroad Creek area
during radiotelemetry monitoring work in 1993. This female owl was reportedly a subadult and was
observed with a male. This subadult pair was not likely a breeding pair, and no nest was found in 1993, or
in 1988 when another survey was conducted in an attempt to find spotted owls at this location. No spotted
owls were observed during the 1988 survey. A male currently resides near Domke Lake (Personal
communication with Mallory Lenz, Forest Service). This male owl has an established territory surrounding
Domke Lake. within a 0.5 mile south of Railroad Creek. This territory is represented on the Washington
State Priority Habitat and Species: Lucerne Quad as a spotted owl management circle (WNHP, 1997).
Ute Ladies-Tresses (Spiranfhes diluvialis)
- Status '
Ute ladies-tresses is listed by the USFWS as threatened.
Backeround Information
Ute ladies-tresses is an orchid which before 1997 was known only from northern and eastern Utah; central
Colorado, and along the Snake River in southern Idaho. In 1999, a small populaiion was discovered in
Okanogan County. It is generally found in open shrub or grassy wet.:cizd and rifi~.t.l~;i areas.
Po~ulations in Vicinitv of the Site
No populations are known in the area except for the population in Qkanogan County. Habitat for this
species is found in the riparian and wetland areas of Railroad Creek, especially near the Creek where
there are some open grassy springs and ponds.
Bull Trout (Salvelinus confluentis)
- Status
The bull trout populations in the Columbia Basin are listed by the USFWS as threatened.
Backeround Information
The bull trout is found in Western North America from Southern Oregon to Alaska and as far East as
Montana and Alberta (Wydoski, 1979). Bull trout are closely related to dolly varden trout &d belong to the
Arctic Char complex of species. This species occurs throughout Washington with both resident and
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTS\HOLDM-2UUUQ.DOC
17693-005-0 19Uuly 19, 1999;4:5 1 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

anadromous populations occurring in the Puget Sound Basin and only resident fish occurring in the
Columbia River Basin (Brown, 1994). Populations west of the Cascade Mountains appear to be healthy and
stable while most populations East of the Cascade Mountains in the Columbia Basin are depressed
(Mongillo, 1993).
Bull trout are primarily piscivorous and prey heavily upon young salmonids and other fish. Lake dwelling
populations exist in many Washington lakes. Mature bull trout ascend tributary streams to spawn in the fall
months and display an ability to pass stream barriers that can block chinook and steelhead migration.
Po~ulations in the Vicinity of the Site
Bull trout have not been found in the Railroad Creek drainage.
4.6.3.2 Candidate Species
Wenatchee Mountain's Checkermallow Sidalcea oregana var. calva
- Status
The Wenatchee Mountain's checkermallow is a federal candidate and a state threatened species. It is also on
the USFS list of sensitive plant species.
Backmound Information I
The Wenatchee Mountain's checkermallow grows in wet meadows and near streams. It is a local endemic
found only in a few places in the Wenatchee Mountains in Chelan and Kittitas counties (WNHP, 198 1).
Po~ulations in the Vicinity of the Site
There are no known populations in the Railroad Creek drainage or near Lake Chelan. 1
Canada Lynx (Lynx canadensis) 1
- Status
I
The Canada lynx is a Federal Candidate species, and Washington State lists it as a threatened species. It is
considered a sensitive species by the USFS.
Background Information
The Canada lynx is found in Canada and in the United States in Alaska, the Pacific Northwest states, the
Rocky Mountains, the northern lake states, and northern New England (Rodrick and Milner, 1991). In
Washington, this species occurs in the northern portion of the state from the northeastern Cascades to
isolated areas in the Okanogan Highlands of northeastern Washington above 4,500 feet elevation in Chelan,
Okanogan, Ferry, Stevens, and Pend Oreille counties.
G:\WPDATA\005\REPORTSWOLDEN-2UULI-O.WC
17693-005-0 19Uuly 19. 1999:4:5 1 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
DAMES & MOORE,

The distribution of the lynx appears tied to that of the snowshoe hare. Both species are found in spruce,
subalpine fir, and lodgepole pine forests. Lynx primarily prey on snowshoe hare but they also eat mice,
squirrels, grouse, and ptarmigan. Breeding occurs in March or April with kittens being born in late May
(Koehler, 1990 in Koehler and Aubry, 1994).
Po~ulations in Vicinity of the Site
Lynx habitat is found at higher elevations in the Railroad Creek drainage. The USFS has a record of lynx
near a ridge south of Dumbell Mountain (T3 IN R16E S27).
Federal Species of Concern
Table 4.6-12 lists the Federal Species of Concern whose ranges encompass the Site vicinity. A discussion
follows, detailing which of these species may occur within the vicinity of the Site.
Many of the wildlife species of federal concern are at least partially dependent upon streams and riparian
habitats. Railroad Creek and its associated wetlands and riparian habitats may provide habitat for these
amphibians and mammals throughout the year, and for Harlequin ducks and little willow flycatchers in
summer.
The existing literature and historic photographs do not document the habitat present in the Railroad Creek
drainage prior to the construction of the tailings piles. However, based on the habitat observed immediately
downstream of tailings pile 3, it appears possible that riparian habitat existed that may have included areas
of scrub-shrub, emergent, and open-water wetlands, and mixed forest; this area could have provided habitat
for one or more species of concern. New roosting habitat for bats may have been created by the
underground mining activities.
The forested areas along Railroad Creek and on the mountain slopes provide potential breeding habitat for
northern goshawks and olive-sided flycatchers. Northern goshawks have been sighted near Railroad Creek
according to USFS database records. Northern goshawks inhabit forested areas with high canopy closure,
sparse understory, and small forest openings. They prefer to nest in areas with permanent water within 0.5
mile of their nest. Goshawks build large stick nests in large mature trees. Three eggs are normally laid from
April to early June, with eggs hatching around mid-May (Marshall, 1992). Hatchlings stay in the nest for
about 45 days and continue to rely on adults for food until late summer.
Potential habitat exists for California wolverines and Pacific fishers. They have been observed near the
highest reaches of the Railroad Creek drainage according to the USFS database.
Suitable habitat including mature trees and rock caves and crevices is available for the western big-eared bat
and the myotis bats. Bats have been observed flying near the main mine portal and at the ballfield area near
Holden Mine. Bats may use cave-like mine portals for day or night roosting, maternity colonies, or
hibernacula.
Habitat for the fermginous hawk, western burrowing owl, western sage grouse, whited milk-vetch, and
Thompson's clover is not found near the Site. The current range of the Columbia sharp-tailed grouse does
not extend into Chelan County (Smith et al., 1997). Black terns are not likely to be found in the Railroad
1
G:\WPDATA\OOSWEPORTSWOLDEN-2WW-O-ODOC 4-1 15
17693-005-019Wuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Creek drainage, they are more common east of this site in Washington. California bighorn sheep are not
found near the Site. The closest bighorn sheep population is located about 20 miles south of the Site
(personal communication with Mallory Lenz, USFS, 1997).
The Washington Natural Heritage Program identitied no records of rare plants or high quality ecosystems
near the Site. However, two rock ferns which are state sensitive, Pellaea breweri (Brewefs cliffbrake) and
Ctyptogramma stelleri (Steller's rockbrake), grow about three miles from the Site (letter dated August 13,
1997, from the Washington Natural Heritage Program, attached as Appendix P).
The following USFS sensitive plant species are found about 3/4 mile away from the Site:
Epipactis gigantea Giant Helleborine
Githopsis specularioides Common Bluecup
Pellaea brachypera Sierra Cliff-Brake (blackish wire stipes)
Spiranthes romanzofiana var. porrifolia Western Ladies-Tresses
USFS Protection Buffer Species which may be present include:
Great Gtey Owl
Black-backed Woodpecker
White-headed Woodpecker
Pygmy Nuthatch
Flammulated Owl
4.6.3.3 Survey and Manage Component 2 and Protection Buffer Species
Survey and manage component 2 and protection buffer species which could potentially be found in the
Railroad Creek watershed and the Holden Mine Site include salamanders, mollusks, fungus, non-vascular,
and vascular plant species. The majority of these species are usually found in the moist forests of the
western Cascades or Olympic Mountains. Although the Railroad Creek watershed is located on the east
side of the Cascades, the east-west orientation of the drainage creates microclimate extremes on the steep
sided north-facing and south-facing slopes on either side of the valley. In the moist riparian area of
Railroad Creek and the north-facing slope where the Holden Mine is located, moist microhabitats contain
plant species and microclimatic conditions similar to those found in wet western Washington forests.
Therefore, potential habitat for many of these survey and manage species is present at the Holden Mine
Site even though the site is beyond the suspected range for most of these species.
C.\WPDATAWS\REPORTSWOLDEN-2UUL14.WC
17693-005-019VuIy 19. 1999;4:5 l PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Salamanders
Both of the survey and manage salamanders, Van Dyke's (Plethodon vandykei) and Larch Mountain
(Plethodon larselli) salamanders, are rare terrestrial salamanders with patchy distributions. The current
range for Van Dyke's salamander includes the Olympic Mountains, the southern Cascades, and the
Willapa Hills. This salamander is considered the most aquatic of the Plethodon genus. Suitable habitat
includes the splash zones of creeks, streams, or falls, the undersides of rocks or logs, and seepages over
talus slopes on moss-covered, north-facing slopes (Leonard et al. 1993). The Larch Mountain salamander
has been found in the Columbia River Gorge area and the Central Cascades (Blaustein 1995). This
species generally inhabits steep forested and non-forested talus slopes, and has also been found in non-
talus areas underneath large woody debris. If either of these salamander species were found in the
Railroad Creek watershed, the siting would represent an extension of their range.
Although the Holden Mine Site is beyond the current range of the survey and manage salamanders,
potential habitat does exist here, especially along Railroad Creek for Van Dyke's salamander and on the
steep north-facing slopes of the valley for the Larch Mountain salamander. The tailings piles which
intersect the Creek and the tailings deposits on the north-facing slope do not contain suitable habitat for
either species of survey and manage salamander. During the September 1997 opportunistic surveys for
amphibians upstream and downstream of the tailings, a long-toed salamander larva was observed
upstream, but no amphibians were found in downstream reaches of the Creek.
Mollusks
Table 4.6-13 presents the USFS survey and manage component 2 mollusk species with the potential to be
found in the Railroad Creek watershed and the Holden Mine Site.
All of these survey and manage mollusk species, with the exception of the masked duskysnail, are
identified as old growth associates, and all are riparian associates. In general, the land species require
some'deciduous leaf litter, although many are found in old coniferous forests. Three of these species, the
Chelan mountain snail, papillose tail-dropper, and masked duskysnail are known to occur in the
Wenatchee National Forest. Masked dusky snails are possibly found in the Railroad Creek watershed in
small pools associated with the creek. Surveys in the Wenatchee National Forest, Chelan Ranger District
are required for projects which may impact the habitat of these species.
Potential habitat for these survey and manage mollusk species is found primarily upstream and
downstream of the mine in the moist microhabitats of the mixed deciduous and coniferous forest areas
near and in the Railroad Creek riparian area. Survey and manage mollusks are unlikely to be found where
the tailings piles are located. Specific surveys for survey and manage mollusks were not conducted
during the September 1997 wildlife surveys in the Railroad Creek area. Survey protocols for these
species were not published at the time of the wildlife surveys.
Plants
A number of the survey and manage plants are likely to exist upstream or downstream of the tailings piles
in the Railroad Creek riparian area or in other forested or alpine habitats in the watershed. Three species
of survey and manage component 1 and 3 fungi have been found in the Lyman Lake camp area (T3 IN
G:\WPDATA\OO~~EPORTSWOLDEN-2\RR4-O.WC
17693-005-0 I9Uuly 19. 1999.45 1 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

R16E S7). These species include an uncommon false truffle (Macowanites lymanensis), an uncommon
gilled mushroom (Collybia bakerensis), and a rare cup fbngi (Helvella crassitunicata). These species will
also need to be considered, and surveys for these species may be needed before any ground disturbing
activities because of their presence in the site vicinity.
Surveying for a number of survey and manage plant species considered protection buffer or survey and
manage component 2 species is not required because they may only be present for a few weeks during a
season, or because not enough is known about their biology to develop appropriate survey protocols. The
species of this nature with potential to be found in the Wenatchee National Forest have been organized
into Table 4.6- 15 by Teny Lilibridge of the Wenatchee National Forest.
Future Survey Efforts for Survey and Manage Species
Protocol surveys for survey and manage species are required before ground-disturbing activities on
Federal land where potential habitat for these species exists. Survey protocols for the non-vascular plants
and mollusk species became available after the September 1997 survey of Holden Mine area. For this
mine remediation project, surveys should only be required if ground-disturbing activities are proposed in
areas of potential habitat for survey and manage species. Because so many of these species are found in
similar forested habitats, a, multi-species survey approach is recommended for potential impact areas. For
example, mollusk and salamander surveys could be combined, and an intuitive controlled survey for
lichens and bryophytes could be combined with a survey for vascular plants.
G:\WPDATA\WJ\REPORTSWLDEN-ZUU\4-O.DOC
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TABLE 4.1 -1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLlNGlDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019,
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Fea ture/Area
1500-Level Main Portal
1500-Level Ventilator Portal
1 100-Level Portal
1000-Level Portal
800-Level Portal
700-Level Portal
550-Level Portal
300-Level Portal
Abandoned Septic Field
Abandoned Surface Water Ret
Baseball F~eldICampground
Copper Creek
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
Copper Creek Diversion NIA
East Waste Rock Pile NIA
Holden Village NIA
Holden Village Septic Field NIA
Honeymoon Heights NIA
Hydroelectric Plant NIA
Intermittent Drainage NIA
.,a
Lagoon
Lucerne Bar
*$ . . *: Lucerne Guard Stat~on
NIA
NIA
NIA
Maintenance Yard
NIA
Mill Building
NIA
Mine Support and Waste Rock NIA
Portal Museum
Sauna
Shop
Storage
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
USFS Guard Station
West Waste.Rock Pile
Winston Home Sites
NIA
NIA
NIA
N/A
N/A
NIA
NIA
NlA
NIA
Geo~hvsical Suwev Lines
A- A' NIA
81-81' NIA
82-82' NIA
C-C' NIA
D-D' NIA
NIA
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
SE of Holden Vlllage
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Baseball FieldlCampground
S. of Tailings Piles 1 8 2
W. of Tailings Pile 1
Mine Support & Waste Rock
Holden Village
SE of Winston Home Sites
Honeymoon Heights
W. of Tailings Pile 1
Honeymoon Heights
Mine Support & Waste Rock
Lucerne
Lucerne
Maintenance Yard
Mill Building
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
NW of Tailings Pile 1
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
USFS Guard Station
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Winston Home Sites
North of West Waste Rock Pile
Tailings Pile 1
East Waste Rock Pile
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
E.0-3.0 Near southern boundary
0.7-3.0 Near western boundary
0.8-3.1
0.8-3.1
0.8-3.1
D.8-3.2
D.9-3.2
D.9-3.2
E.2-3.0
0.7-2.9
D.7-2.9, D.8-2.9
E.l-3.1, E.l-3.2. E.2-3.0.
E.3-3.1 ,
E.0-3.0, E.l-3.0
E.l-3.0, E.l-3.1
E.l-2.9, E.2-2.9
0.9-2.9, E.0-2.9
D.7-3.0, 3.1, 3.2; D.8-3.0,
3.1, 3.2, 3.3; 0.9-3.0, 3.1,
3.2, 3.3
E.0-3.0
0.53.0, D.8-3.1, D.8-3.2,
D.8-3.3
E.0-2.9. E.0-3.0
Page 1 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 4.1-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
EM3rEM3
F-F
G-G'
Sarn~le Locations
Groundwater Monitoring Wells
N/ A Western Mine Support Area D.8-2.9. D.8-3.0. D.9-2.9.
0.9-3.0. E.O-2.9
NIA Western Mine Support Area 0.8-3.0, D.9-3.0, E.O-3.0,
E.l-3.0
NIA East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0. €5-3.1
NIA North of Tailings Piles 2 8 3 E.4-3.0
NIA Between Tailings Piles 1 & 2 E.2-3.0. E.2-3.1
HBKG-1
HBKG-2
CC-BKG
H-1
H-2
HV-3lH-3
DS-1
DS-2
TP1-1A
TP1-2A
TP1-2L
TPl-3A
TP1-3L
TP1-4A
TP1-4L
TP1 -5A
TP1-6A
TP1-6L
PZ-1A
PZ-1 B
PZ-1C
PZ-2A
PZ-2B
PZ-2C
PZ-3A
PZ-3B
PZ-3C
TP2-1 L
TP2-2L
TP2-4A
TP2-4B
TP2-5A
TP2-5B
TP2-6L
TP2-7NBS
TPZ-8A
TP2-8B
TP2-9L
TP2-1OL
TP2-11
TP2-11 L
TP3-4
H:\Holden\DraR F~nal 41 rpl\S_4\Tables\mapkey4 xls
711 8/99
W. of Tailings Pile 1
E. of Baseball FieldICampgr.
SW Tailings Pile 2
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Page 2 of 6
Potential background
Potential background
Background
~ackground
Downstream Wells:
Downstream Wells:
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 4.1-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLlNGlDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693605-019
FeaturdArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Subsurface/Surface Soil
TP3-4L Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
TP3-5A Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0
TP3-6A Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0
TP3-68L Tailings Pile 3 E.53.0
TP3-7 Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
TP3-8 Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
TP3-9 Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0
TP3-10 Tailings Pile 3
TP3-1OL Tailings Pile 3
PZ-4A Tailings Pile 3
. PZ-48 Tailings Pile 3
PZ-4C Tailings Pile 3
PZ-SA Tailings Pile 3
PZ-50. Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
PZ-SC Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
PZ-6A Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
PZ-60 Tailings Pile 3 . E.4-3.0
PZ-6C Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
Lucerne well Lucerne 1-3
DMSS-1 Holden Village
DMSS-2 Holden Village
DMSS-3 Holden Village
DMSS-4 Holden Village
DMSS-5 Holden Village
DMSS-6 Holden Village
DMSS-7 Holden Village
DMSS-8 Maintenance Yard E.0-3.0
DMSS-9 Maintenance Yard E.0-3.0
DMSS-10 Maintenance Yard
DMSS-11 Tailings Piie 1
DMSS-12 Tailings Pile 1
DMSS-13 Tailings Pile 1
DMSS-14 Tailings Pile 2
DMSS-15 Tailings Pile 2
DMSS-16 Tailings Pile 2
DMSS-17 Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-18 Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-19 Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-20 East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0
DMSS-21 East of Tailings Pile 3 E.6-3.0
DMSS-22 East of Tailings Pile 3 E.6-3.0
DMSS-23 East of Tailings Pile 3 E.7-3.0
DMSS-24 East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0
DMSS-25 Baseball Field 0.7-2.9
DMSS-26 Wilderness Area D.7-2.9
DMSS-27 Wilderness Area D.7-2.9
Lagoon 6" Lagoon E.0-2.9
Lagoon 2' Lagoon E.0-2.9
DMLGl ' Lagoon E.0-3.0
DMLG2 Lagoon
DMLG3 Lagoon
Lucerne Guard Station
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil '
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
H:\Holden\DraR Final RI rpt\S-4\Tables\mapkey4.xls
7/18/99 Page 3 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 4.1-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
Surface Water
or Media Station No. Location by Area .
DMLG4
DMLG5
DMBGl
DMBG2
DMBG3
DMBG4
DMBG5
DMBG6
DMBG7
DMBGB
DMBGS
DMBGlO
DMBGll
DMBG12
DMBG13
DMBG14
DMBGl5
DMBG16
DMBG17
DMBGl8
DMBGI'S
DMTP1-2
DMTPI-3
DMTPl-4
DMTPIS-1
DMTP2-1
DMTP2-2
DMTP2S-1
DMTP3-1
DMTP3-2
DMTP3-3
DMTP3-4
DMTP3S-1
DMTP3E-1
DMTP3E-2
DMTP3E-3
DMTP3E-4
DMTPJE-5
DMTPJE-6
DMTPW-1
DMTPW-2
DMTPW-3
DMTPW-4
DMTPW-5
DMTPW-6
DMTPW-7
RC-1 Railroad creek
RC-1 North Bank Railroad Creek
RC-1 South Bank Railroad Creek
RC-2 Railroad Creek
RC-2 South Bank Railroad Creek
Lagoon
Lagoon
Approximately 1-mile West of Site
Holden Creek Drainage
Between Holden Creek & Hart Lake
East of Hart Lake
Between Hart Lake 8 Crown Po~nt
Lyman Lakes
West of Hart Lake
West of Holden Creek
West of Big Creek
Copper Basin
Southwest of Site
South of Site
Near South Site Boundary
Near Holden Creek
Near Holden Creek
West of Site Boundary
Near W~nston Home Sites
Northeast of Site
North of Holden Village
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Irnmed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of ~ailin~s Pile 3
Irnmed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Irnrned. east of Tailings Pile 3
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites .
Winston home sites
Page 4 of 6
Coordinate Comments
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Backgro~ind surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
~ack~round surface soil
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation .
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 4.1 -1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RlFS
. DAMES a MOORE JOB NO. 17693.005.019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
RC-4 South Bank
RC-5
RC-5A
RC;6
RC-6 North Bank
RC-8 North Bank
RC-10
RC-11
CC-1
CC-2
CC-D
CC-Dl
Tenmile Creek
A1
s P9
SPlOW
SPlOE
SPA1
SP12
SP13
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroa! Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Near Seven Mile Creek
Upstream of Holden Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
Copper Creek Diversion
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Big Creek
Tenmile Creek
Honeymoon Heights
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
West Waste Rock Pile
West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Between P-5 8 RC-4
River Sauna
River Sauna
West of Vehicle Bridge
West of P-5
South of Holden Village
Honeymoon Heights
North of West Waste Rock Pile
North of West Waste Rock Pile
Lagoon
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1 (Near Copper Creek)
East of Tailings Pile 3
North of Maintenance Yard
Between RC-1 and P-5
Between RC-1 and P-5
Portal Drainage11500 Main
Portal DrainagelRR Creek 1
1 100 Level Portal
"Black Seep"
Bank sample -
Page 5 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 4.1 -1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RIIFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693.005419
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Sediment - Lake Chelan
USGS Select Sam~les
USBM Select Sam~les
SP24
SP25
SP26
SP-27
CC-Dl
1-1
1-2
2-1
2-2
3- 1
3-1A
3-1 B
3-1C
3-2
3.5-1
3.5-2
5-1
5-2
1
2
3A
38
3C
4
West of RC-4
Between Vehicle Bridge 8 RC-4
Between RC-1 and RC-6
Near Big Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Ten Mile Creek
Railroad Creek near RC-2
Copper Creek Diversion
Railroad Creek at Vehicle Bridge
East of Tailings Pile 3
Nine Mile Creek
Railroad Creek near Seven Mile Creek
Seven Mile Creek
Railroad Creek at Lucerene
Holden Creek
Railroad Creek West of Site
Railroad Creek at Mile Post 7
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
E.6-2.9
E.5-3.0
E.l-3.0
E.0-2.9
E.5-3.0
F-3
F-3
F-3
NIA
0-2
0-2
G-3
BUG lR Downstream of Vehicle Bridge E.0-2.9
DG-1 Downstream of Tailings Pile 3 E.6-3.0
TP1-2 Adjacent to Tailings Pile1 E.l-3.0
TP2-1 Downstream of Copper Creek E.2-3.0
TP2-2 Adjacent to Tailings Pile 2 E.3-3.0
TP3-1 Adjacent to Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
RC-2 At Railroad Creek RC-2 Station E.5-3.0
Page 6 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

Table 4.2-1
Railroad Creek Watershed Mineral Resources
Sevenmile Antimony,
a.k.a. Sevenmile T~IN, R17E. set. 15 Sec. 15, St34
About 2.75 miles south-southeast of
Riddle Peaks, near wilderness N A Oscar Getly (1952) Ag. Au. Sb. Ni Ag. Au
100 foot adil2; M
boundary foot adit'
Noter:
NA - Not avallable/unknw
References:
1) Huntting. M.T.. 1943. Inventory of Mineral Properties in Chelan County. Washington. Washington Division of Mines and Geology. Report of Investigations. No 9.63p.. lpl
2) Mineral Resource Database System. 1998. USGS. Regional Minerals Dept.. Spokane. Washington
3) Hunning. M.T.. 1956, Inventory of Washington Minerals Part-ll. Metallic Minerals. Washington Division of Mines and Geology. Bulletin No. 37, v. 1. 428p.. v. 2. 67p
4) Chunh. S E.. et al.. 1984. Mineral Resource Potential dGlacier Peak Wilderness and Adjacenl areas. Chelan. Skagit, and Snohomish Counties. Washington. USGS Miscellaneous Feild Studies Map and Pamphlel MF-1652-A
' - Based on nomenclature presented in Church. 1984. and modified by Dames 8 Moore
24 ' NA
H wotdenmn F& RI rpr~-4)ta*s~-2-t.rds
711- Page 1 of 1 DAMES 6 MOORE

Pitchblende
Sericite
Biotite
Source: Youngberg & Wilson, 1952
TABLE 4.2-i~
OCCURRENCE OF MINERALS IN HOLDEN MINE ORE BODY
HOLDEN MINE SITE REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION
-Uranium oxide
-Hydrons potassium, aluminum silicate
-Hydrous potassium, magnesium, iron. aluminum
silicate
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2\RIWDOC .
17693-005-01 9Uuly 19. 1999:4:5 1 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
-Heavy biotite schist zones in lead-zinc areas of
footwal l
-Hanging wall
-Center of mine zone

TABLE 4.2-2
CRITERIA FOR GRADING THE SLOPES EROSION POTENTIAL
G:\WPDATA\O05WEPORTS\HOLDEN-2WIU-O-ODOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM;DRAm FINAL RI REPORT

TABLE 4.2-2a
EROSION POTENTIAL RANKING CRITERIA FOR OBSERMD EROSION
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
H:Vlolden\DraR Final RI rptS-4Uables\4-2-2aAs
711 8/99
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 11693405419
Ranking
None
Minor
Moderate
Extensive
Gravel Cap Cover
> 90%
> 70%
30-70%
c 30%
Tailings Exposure
No
~20%
20-60 %
> 60%
Cliffs Present
No
Uncertain
Yes
Yes
Page 1 of 1
Block Sloughing
Not Occunng
Small (c 10 cm). minor in a few
spots
Medium (10-30 cm), present
across slope
Large (> 30 cm), extensive across
slope not present
Vegatation
mature trees.
abundant saplings.
brush
grass
few trees and saplings.
some bush or grass
Small amount of brush or
grass
--

TABLE 4.23
SUMMARY OF CHARACTERISTICS AND EROSION POTENTIAL FOR TAILINGS PILES AND SLOPES
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 1769340501 9
Tailings Location
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Reach
1-A
1-Lt
l-B..xt
1 -C
1 -D
1 -E
1 -F
2-As
2-An
2-8
2-C
2-Dw*
2-E
2-F-a
2-F.t
3-A
3-8
3-C
Approximate
Length (ft)
225
175
175
200
300
210
160
210
225
350
160
350
475
760
550
435
215
Height Range
(ft)
5-10
30-65
50-65
6065
65-70
68-72
55-75
5080
80-1 10
100-110
105-115
110-120
120-125
125-133
50-55
5060
55-65
60-65
Average Range in
Slope Angle Slope Angle
Average Slope - estimated from the top of the slope to the mean elevation of the bottom of the rip rap.
Range in Slope - the approximate range in slopes found vertically and laterally across the entire slope reach.
Slope Setback: Yes' - Ihe slope is setback sufficiently from the lop of the riprap to allow for accumulation of talus at the angle of repose.
Slope Setback: Uo" - the slope is setback sufliciently from the top of the rip-rap to allow for accumulation of talus at the angle of repose.
Creek Setback: Yes" - Ihe main channel of the creek is setback significantly from the based the riprap.
Creek Setback: Uo" - the main channel of the creek is at the base of the riprap.
Present Erosion - see Table 4.2-3 (Em'on Polwrffal Ranking Criteria)
> 33
26.9
35.9
40.2
40.2
32.4
30.2
30.2
31.3
37.5
38.7
37.2
39.0
35.0
40.2
31.1
35.2
29.4
3060
25-75
25-75
25-80
30-85
25-75
15-75
20-90
20-60
30-60
30-60
10-50
30-55
30-60
30-50
33-50
20-45
15-32
H:\Hotden\Drafl Final RI rpt\S-4\tables\4-2-3.xls
711 6/99 Page 1 of t
Slope
Setback
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Slope
Material
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Condition of
Grass Mats
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
G d
Fair
Poor
Good
None
G d
None
None
None
None
Observed
Moderate
Minor
Minor
Minor
Minor
Minor
Minor
Minor
Moderate
Moderate
Extensive
Moderate
Moderate
Moderate
Moderate
Minor
None
None
Eroslon Potential
High
Moderately Low
Moderate
Moderate
Moderate
Moderately Low
Moderately Low
Moderately High
High
High
Moderate
Moderately High
Moderately Hgh
Moderately High
Moderate
Moderately Low
Low

TABLE 4.2-4
RIP-RAP CONDITION RANKING CRITERIA
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Type
Lithologic
Composition
Color Condition Predominant Size Maximum Size SchmidtHammcr Test
Relative Quality
(inches) (inches) n Range Median Grade
A granodlorite white wth black large coherent blocks, non-fractured, smooth 48 to M3 72 10 52-59 56
surface, some edges rounded
quartz dior~te to beige whiie to light
uneven semi.rough surface, edges flaking into
plates. cracking along weathered fractures.
quartz monzonite brown some fragmented into small angular blocks.
some gruss
24 to 36 c 48 20 24-42 37 fair
highly fractured and weathered. rough, bumpy
C dlonte to monzon~te tan brown many less
surface, flaking into thin sheets, parts enttrely < 36 10 24-28 22
yellow brown
Ihan 12.
mainly < 18
gNSSlfled
llght pink brown
D latite to yellow
small coherent blocks, smmth surface, non-
6 to 12 c 36 10 58-68 62
fraclured
brown
E rhyodacite light pate green small coherent blocks, smwth to semi-rough 6to 18 < 48 10 38-66 56 good to fair
surface, mino1 cracking along fractures
F ferricrete ' red brown to dark brown
H \HoldenU)raR Final RI rpt\S-4Uabtes\4-2-4.1ds
7/18/99 Page 1 of 1
rough. bumpy surface, hard and indurate, to many less than 6. no tests no tests no tests
c 42
crumbly and disaggregated mainly < 24 performed performed performed fair to poor
good
- -- ~ --
pwr
good

I
TABLE 4.26
SUMMARY OF RIP RAP ASSESSMENT RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE RIPS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Tailings Reach Length Ripiap Types Reach Characteristics' Rip-rap Grade
West of Tailings 1 -A 225 none no rip-rap along the 5 to 10 R high vertical to steep (> 45 ) river cut bank with exposed tailings absent
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
H:Violden\DraR Final RI rpt\S_4UablesW-2-5Jds
711 6/99
1-6 350 mosUy with
1 -C
1-0
1 -E
1 -F
2-As
2-An
2-8
2-C
2-0
2-E
2-F
3-A
3-8
X
200
300
210
160
210
225
350
160
350
475
760
550
435
160
. mostly with
mostly C with B
mostly C with B
mostly with
B and C
and
A and Bat south end.
with B with E at north
end
mostly C with B and
some E
approximately 6 R high grussified rip-rap at base of tailings, seedlings and saplings are
abundant on grussy riprap surface
slopewash has invaded riprap
~ ; ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ;
and
and with at
west end .
B, with patches of
0
B and C, with patches
of A and D
A. B and C
approximately 6 R high gmssified rip-rap at base of tailings. seedlings and saplings are
abundant on grussy rip-rap surface
approximately 6 to 8 R high g~ssified rip-rap at base of tailings
approximately 8 to 9 R high grussified riprap at base of tailings; 1 to 3 R high brush is scattered
throughout the top of riprap and slopeward
approximately 5 to 8 R high grussified riprap at base of tailings; height decreases around bend
of tailings to southeast; riprap is sparsely covered with brush
approximately 6 to 8 R high grussified riprap at base of tailings
grussified riprap lies on steep bank; much of riprap is covered by slough material; with
scattered small bushes
large blocks of competent rip-rap; iron-stained at base
talus and block sloughs have covered rip-rap, so that hillslope blocks slough directly into creek;
riprap is generally competent but covered
grussified riprap covered with small brush and conifer saplings; inundated by slopewash; two
tall trees stand slone along mid-section of reach: otherwise riprap is against main channel
grussified rip-rap is inundated by tailings talus and covered by small bushes
partially grussified riprap is spread over a wide area (approx 25 R) and across a lowlope; west
section is covered with patchy scrub bushes; east section is densely covered with scrub
bushes
partially grussified riprap is covered with brush and occupies fairly narrow belt at base of
slope; talus is built up to crest of riprap
brushy, sparse
Page 1 of 1
poor
Poor
P r
poor
poor
Poor
poor
good
fair
fair
,air to poor,
fair to poor
fair to poor
fair
fair
1

TABLE 4.24
BORROW SOURCE EVALUATION
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005-019
SourceRocation
Rock Quarry, approximately
1500 R north of road at milepost
2.5
Holden Road at 3-Mile, on north
side of road
Holden Road at 4-Mile, adjacent
to and upslope of north side of
road
Holden Road at 6.5-Mile.
adjacent to and upslope of north
side of road
Talus Pile at 9-Mile.
approximately 500 ft north of
road
H:Violden\DraR Final RI rptS-4bblesW-2-6.xIs
71 1 8/99
Potential Use
rip-rap
rip-rap
rip-rap
rip-rap
riprap
Approximate
Distance
9 miles
8 miles
7 miles
4.5 miles
1.5 miles
Description (composition, size, etc.)
granodioritediorite-monzonite assemblage:
weathered in part; fractured -fracture density
variable but relatively high with several
conjugate sets
Page 1 of 2
SchmidtHammer Tests
on fresh exposures: red-brown
monzonite - < 30%; gray white diorite
- 20-45 %; white granodiorite > 50 %;
hard contact zones 5565 %
glacially eroded (smoothed, fluted) fractured on weathered surfaces: qua& diorite
bedrock composed primarily of quartz diorite to 35-45%; granodiorite - 30-50% with a
granodiorite
few > 50%
glacially eroded (smoothed, fluted) densely
fractured bedrock composed primarily of quartz
diorite to granodiorite, and monzonite
many 5 to 10 R (and >) erratics mixed with
smaller talus/collwium and glacially eroded
bedrock exposures; primarily granodiorite
diorite
many large variety of liihologies: finegrained
volanics (latites, rhyodacites), mafic
hypabyssal suites, coarse granodiorites;
not performed
on weathered surfaces: primarily
granodioritic erratics on slope -
consistently between 50-58%, with
some 40%. and a few >60%
hypabrssal and volcanics - 60-70%'
coarse granodiorites - 45-55%
Feasibility
medium to low quality; would need hygrading;
relatively long haul distance; appears
sufficient
apparent medium to low quality; would need
hygrading and further assessment; relatively
long haul distance; quantity unknown; quarry
development may be pose difficulties with
Holden Road road use
apparent low quality; would need hygrading and
further assessment; relatively long haul
distance but close to road; quantity unknown
apparent medium quality; would need
hygrading and further assessment; relatively
moderate haul distance but close to road;
quantity unknown
apparent high to medium quality; would need
hygrading and further assessment: relatively
short haul distance; quantity appears sufficient;
quarry development may pose technicausafety
challenges

TABLE 4.26
BORROW SOURCE EVALUATION
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
SourceLocation
Waste Rock Pile, upslope of
Tailings Pile 1
Gravel Quarry, approximately
750 R south of road at milepost
2.5
Slope east of Tailings Pile 3
along old road bed
Slopes South of Tailings
H:\HoldenV)raft Final RI rpt\S_4UablesW-2-6.xIs
711 8/99
potential use
rip-rap
soil cover
rip-rap
soil cover
soil cover
%r:le
local
7 miles
local
local
Description (composition, size, etc.)
primarity local host rock
stream gravels: poorly graded rounded to
subrounded cobbles, pebbles, sands with silts
till. colluvium and old road bed material: zones
and mixtures of angular coarse small boulders
and cobbles with finegrained sands and silts
ti11 and colluvium: predominantly finegrained
(silt, fine sand - matrix supported), with zones
of small (c 36-inch) boulders
Page 2 of 2
Schmidt-Hammer Tests
not performed
n/a
n/a
n/a
Feasibility
quality not assessed; maximum boulder size
may be limiting factor; may be undesireable
source due to visual aesthetics and source
excellent source of stable (I.e., not wind
transportable) gravel cap material; relatively
long haul distance; quantity appears sufficient
good soil cover source, but fines can be wind-
transported, so would need additional cover or
protection; very shod haul distances;quantity
appears sufficient
good soil cover source. but fines can be wind-
transported. so would need additional cover or
protection; very short haul distances; quantity
unknown and dependent on quarry location
1

TABLE 4.3-1
AVERAGE MONTHLY FLOW PER UNIT AREA OF WATERSHED.(C~~/~~I~~)
i
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
Month Stehekin River Entiat River Railroad Creek
October 1.89 0.48 1.36
November 2.06 0.58 1.36
December 1.63 0.59 1.06
January 1.26 0.52 0.79
February 1.22 0.54 0.73 .
March 1.62 0.71 0.90
April 4.48 1.55 2.84
May 11.00 5.16 7.93 ,
June 12.85 6.91 9.71
July 8.06 2.96 6.20
August 3.88 1.03 2.96
September 2.17 0.55 1.65 ,
Notes:
Stehekin River Flow data from USGS (1994) 73 years of record;
Watershed Area = 321 mile2
Entiat River Flow data from USGS (1 994) 37 years of Record;
Watershed Area = 203 mile2
Railroad Creek Flow data from USGS (1984) 46 years of record;
Watershed Area = 65 mile2
H:\Holden\DraR Final Ri rpt\S-4\Tables\43-1 .As 4.3-1
711 8/99
Page 1 of 1

H:Uiolden\Draft Final Ri rpt\S-4\Tables\4-3-2.xls S4-32
711 8/99
TABLE 4.3-2
AVERAGE MONTHLY PRECIPITATION AT RAILROAD CREEK
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
~0"th
Total Annual Precipitation
Holden.Village Precipitationa (inches)
6.620
4.740
2.81 0
1.600
0.930
1.110
0.760
1.110
1.620
3.410
6.500
7.390
38.600
Estimated Basin Average precipitationb
(inches)
8.937
6.399
3.794
2.160
1.256
1.499
1.026
1.499
2.187
4.604
8.775
9.977
52.110
Notes:
(a) - NOAA climatological data for Holden Village (Data collected from 1962-1997)
(b) - Estimated as a ratio of average annual basin preciplation (52 in.) and average annual Holden precipitation. (USGS, 1975)
Page 1 of 1

TABLE 4.33
AVERAGE MONTHLY POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION (PET) AT HOLDEN MlNE 8 RAlLROAD CREEK BASIN
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Month
Total Annual PET
Holden Villagea
-5.7
-2.6
0.7
4.2
8.55
12.55
15.7
15.8
11.5
5.9
0.9
-5.4
Temperature (CO) Absolute Humidity (Pt)'
Estimated Potential Evapotranspiration (PET)'
Railroad Basinb
-7.7
-4.6
-1.3
2.2
6.55
10.55
13.7
13.8
9.5
3.9
-2.9
-7.4
Holden Village
3.07
3.77
4.70
5.94
7.94
10.37
12.80
12.89
9.67
6.65
4.23
3.13
Railroad Basin
2.68
3.30
4.1 1
5.20
6.95
9.08
11.20
1 1.28
8.46
5.82
3.70
2.74
Maximum Hours
of Sunlightd
8.8
10.2
11.8
13.6
15.2
16
15.6
14.3
12.6
10.9
9.5
8.3
- Notes:
(a) - NOAA climatological data for Holden Village (data collected from 1962-1997).
(b) - estimated from Holden Village temperatures with an assumed lapse rate of -2' C per 1000 foot increase in elevation.
(Holden Village elevation is 3200 R, where as average basin elevation is 43M) R.)
(c) - maximum water holding capacity of air at given temperature.
(d) - computed for latitude 48 degrees.
(e) - percent of cloud cover estimated from data average taken in Seattle and Yakima. Washington.
(9 - PET = 0.26 x (Pt) x (H) x (1112) x (1125.4) x (dayslmonth)
from (Hamon (1963) as reported in Satterlund and Adams (1992)
Page 1 of 1
Percent Cloud
Cover'
0.31
0.41
0.52
0.59
0.62
0.61
0.74
0.71
0.63
0.48
0.33
0.26
Possible Hours of
sunlighth
2.73
4.18
6.14
8.02
9.42
9.76
11.54
10.15
7.94
5.23
3.14
2.16
Holden Village (inches)
0.22
0.38
0.76
1.22
1.97
2.58
3.90
3.45
1.96
0.92
0.34
0.18
17.86
Railroad Basin (inches)
0.19
0.33
0.67
1.06
1.73
2.26
3.41
3.02
1.71
0.80
0.30
0.16
15.63

TABLE 4.34
SUMMARY OF FLOW RELATIONSHIPS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17695405419
Station
RC-1
RC-2
RC-4
RC-3
CC-1
Date
411 6/97
511 8/97
5/26/97
911 5/97
411 7/97
5/19/97
5/26/97
6/1/97
6/2/97
6/9/97
9/15/97
9/22/97
4/16/97
5/21/97
5/25/97
5/31/97
6/1/97
6/2/97
6/9/97
711 0197
911 5/97
9/22/97
411 8/97
5/22/97
7/11/97
911 6/97
9120197
5/23/97
5/31/97
6/1/97
6/2/97
6/9/97
711 0197
9/14/97
911 5/97
911 6/97
9/22/97
Time
9'45
10 15
10 45
10-26
9 00
19 00
11 10
1135
11 35
13 40
15.30
12 30
10:50
9-00
14'30
9 30
9x00
10-15
11'10
9.15
12.45
11 .OO
12:OO
14.35
12:OO
14.45
13:25
13:45
13.10
13.45
16.30
16'05
17:40
17-15
14:30
10:15
10:20
Measured
Flow (cfs)
63
575
313
132
86
569
376
805
605
501
136
99
60
370
300
780
823
567
424
496
123
87.5
196
748
665
150
172
30
100
91
84
58
59
17.5
14 6
11.8
13.6
RC-4 Stage
(feet)'
1
2.9
2.34
N A
- Notes:
NA - Not Available d'
(a) -Stage readings at time of flow measurements (c) - Flow estimate from RC-2 rating for given stage reading; Flow = 0.05(stage+3.0)"5 515
(b) - Flow estimate from RC-4 rating for given stage reading; Flow = 26,2(stage+O 4)-2.581 (d) - Flow ratios computed by divlding Station Row by reference now (either RC-4 or RC-2)
(e) - CC-1 flow includes flow from the Copper Creek diversion (Average now of CC-Dl estimated at 7 13s)
Note: October 4. 1997 data is not shown for RC-4 as there are no corresponding data points for the other Railroad Creek stations
'1.05
2 8
2.34
3.22
2.94
2 64
1.3
1.2
0.95
2.45
2.27
3.38
3 64
2.85
2 64
2 75
1.31
1.21
1.05
2.3
2.3
1 22
1.24
2.3
3.35
3.2
2 95
2.64 '
2.58
1.35
1.31
1.23
1.2
RC-2 Stage
(feet)'
0.8
2.5
2 08
112
0.86
2.5
2.07
2 72
2.51
2 29
11
0 9
0.8
2.2
1.99
2 8
2 83
2 52
2.29
2 4
11
0.9
0 86
2.08
2
1
1.01
2.05
2.8
2.75
2.52
2 28
2.25
1.17
1.1
1.02
0.9
RC-4 Flow
(cfsbb
67 4
570.9
353.3
123 0
68.4
527 3
353 3
725.0
589 0
462.0
103.1
88 1
56 8
391.1
330.5
810 6
962.4
548 9
462.0
506.3
104.6
89.6
68.4
340.1
340.1
91.0
93.9
340.1
794.1
714.7
593.5
462.0
438.8
111.1
104.6
92 5
88 1
RC-2 Flow
(&)'
78 8
605.4
390.7
123.1
Average Flow
85.9 .
605.4
386 4
751 6
61 1.5
488.5
119.8
90.9
Average Flow
78.8
444.4
. 354.0
81 1.5
834 9
617.7
488.5
547.2
119 8
90.9
Average Flow
85.9
390 7
357 9
104.6
106.0
Average Flow
378 1
811.5
773.6
617.7
483.4
468 4
131.5
119 8
107.5
. 90.9
Average Flow
RCd Flow
(~atio)"
1 01
1.01
0.89
1.07
0.99
1 26
1.08
1 06
111
1 03
1.08
1.32
112
1.13
1 06
0 95
0 91
0 96
0.86
1 03
0 92
0 98
118
0 98
0.98
2 87
2.20
1.97
1.65
1 94
2.12
0.09
0 13
0 13
0.14
0 13
0.13
0 16
0 14
0.13
0.15
0.1 3
RC-2 Flow
(~atio)"
0 80
0 95
0.80
1.07
0.91
1 00
0.94
0 97
1 07
0.99
1 03
1.14
1.09
1.03
0.76
0.83
0.85
0.96
0.99
0.92
0 87
0 91
1 03
0.96
0.91
2.28
1.91
1.87
1.43
1.72
1.84
0.08
0.12 '
0.12
0.14
0.12
0.13
0.13
0 12
0.11
0.15
0.12

TABLE 4.3&
SURFACE WATER FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE WFS
DAMES a MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
H \HoMen\Drafl Final Ri rpl\S-4\Tables\Field.xb Surface Water
711m9 Page 1 d 4

TABLE 4.34a
SURFACE WATER FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES L MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
H'UioldenWrafl Final Ri rpl\S-4\Tabks\fimld.ds Sudaca Waler
711 8/99
Page 2 of 4

TABLE 4.3da
SURFACE WATER flELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693M)S019
H.WoldenMafl Fmal Ri rpr\S-4\Tables\Field.ds Surfaa, Water
7/18/99
Page 3 of 4

TABLE 4.34a
SURFACE WATER FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
. DAMES MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Surlacs Water Sampling
Station
P-1
P-1
P-1
P-5
P-5
P-5
P-5
P-5
P-5
P-5
A-1
Upstream near mnfuenca
DaeUty upstream of fbdg
Sample Date
51lBR7
1/12/97
9/15/97
Yl(V97
612/97
6/9/97
?If397
711M7
9/15/97
711 1/97
~22/97
9/16/97
LIPIES;
PS
C"
M~ffrro-S~emens
Degrees Cels~us
NF
(C)
No flow
tndrcates mposde sample resuns
mfl M~lhgrams per ider Seeps SP-4 and SP-5 tlow related to streamflow m RR Creek
mV M~Ulvons Tubdity results shdd be used m(h caulmn Fmld meter readtngs were suspect
gPm Gallons per rn~nute
ds Cubs feet per semnd
NT Not tested f a speafmd field parameter
~~I--~ijilndlcates speafied field parameter rot applicable to sample locallon
H.Wotden\Drafl Fd Ri rpcS\S4\Tables\Fie!d.xts Surfaw Water
7/18/99
pH
4 8
5 75
7
4 91
5 28
4 58
5 25
4 28
5 56
6 7
8
8 03
7 25
Electrical
conductivity
IPS)
692
575
780-1010
441
379
522
586
610
572
782-1010
141
61
75
~emperamm (c")
8 4
10
I0 5
6 3
6 7
7 4
9 7
11 9
12 1
11 1
6 6
5
7 6
TurbldiIy (NN)
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
1
39
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
Fidd Panmeten
Ms'Obd Oxygen
NT
NT
9 8
NT
NT
14 8
12 72
4 71
NT
9 7
NT
13 1
NT
(mv)
420
1 88
NT
346
285
230
182
210
185
NT
1 54
NT
NT
~e" (Qudltatfve)
NT
PoSdlve
NT
NT
NT
NT
Negabve
NT
PosdNe
NT
N W N ~
NT
NT
Sham Discharge
(as)
2 63
0 42
0 21
3 42
1 55
0 99
1 07
0 45
0 31
0 15
(In add)
NT
76 43

TABLE 4.3-5
MONTHLY STREAMFLOW AVERAGES FOR RAILROAD CREEK
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Notes:
(a) - Average monthly flow for period of record. 191 1 - 1957 (USGS. 1984)
(b) -Adjustment factors developed from 1997 Channel Flow relationships
(c) - Estimated by dividing Measured Lucerne flow by adjustment factor
....... \ . > ., .?. >. ............ ....,....... % . >
.
2::i-::m~$I~~indicates
........... ...................................................
measurements were not taken, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
H:Wolden\Drafi Final Ri rpt\S-4\Tables\4-3-5.xls S4-3-5
711 9/99 Page 1 of 1

G:\WPDATA\OO5\REPORTS\HOLDEN-ZW\4-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:5 1 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE 4.3-6
SEEP SOURCE AND DISCHARGE (1997)

NA = not measured
NF = no flow
S = submerged
L = very low flow
P = ponded with no outflow
G:\WPDATA\OOJ\REPORTSWLDEN-2\RIW-0.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE 4.3-6 (CONTINUED)
SEEP SOURCE AND DISCHARGE (1997)

TABLE 4.3ba
AVERAGE MONTHLY WATER BUDGET FOR RAILROAD CREEK WATERSHED ABOVE LUCERNE
HOLDEN MINE RIIFS
DAMES a MOORE JOB NO. 1769340~19
Month
January
February
March
April
MaY
June
JulV
August
September
October
November
December
Total
Average Precipitation'
(inches)
8.94
6.4
3.79
2.16
1.25
1.5
. 1.03
1.5
2.19
4.6
8.77
9.98
52.1 1
Average streamflowb
(inches)
0.91
0.76
1.03
3.17
9.14
10.83
7.15
3.42
1.84
1.57
1.52
1.23
Notes:
(a) - Monthly average Precipitation estimated from Holden Village data
(b) -Monthly average streamflow runoff from period of record. USGS station at Lucerne
(c) - Potential evapotranspiration estimated from temperature data for basin.
(d) -Actual evapotranspiration assumed equal to PET unless Precipilation is less than PET, then equal to precipitation.
(e) - Glacial melt runoff based on basin estimate from Pelto (1993)
(I) - computed from S = (P)-(Q)-AET+(G) vhere S is the basin change in storage
including groundwater rechargeldischarge and snow accumulationlmelt.
H:\Holden\Drafl Final Ri rpt\S-4\Tables\4-3-6.xls S4-3-6a
711 9/99 Page 1 of 1
42.57
Potential EvapotranspirationC
(inches)
0.19
0.33
0.67
1.06
1.73
2.26
3.41
3.02
1.71
0.8
0.3
0.16
Actual Evapotransplration''
(inches)
0.19
0.33
0.67
1.06
1.25
1.5
1.03
1.5
1.71
0.8
0.3
0.16
10.5
Glacial Melt Runorf
(inches)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.37
0.38
0.37
0
0
0
1.12
Basin change'
(inches)
7.84
5.31
2.09
-2.07
-9.14
-10.83
-6.78
-3.04
-0.99
2.23
6.95
8.59
0.16
L

TABLE 4.34b
AVERAGE MONTHLY WATER BUDGET FOR HOLDEN MINE SITE
HOLDEN MINE RIPS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
Noter:
(a) . HoMen Village average precipitation
(b) - Holden Village estimated average potential mpotranspiratlon
(c) - estimated ~noff (gmundwater) from mine site; equal to 0 75% of the average monthly flow
(d) - ~noff in inches for mine site area, assumed equal to 120 acres.
(e) - net change in storage from mine site.
(0 - Holden Village precipitation for 1997 -April and May values include estimated snowmelt of 50 inches (water equivalent of 500 inch snowfall)
(g) - Estimated PET from monthly average temperature for 1997.
(h) -estimated runoff as 0.75% of 1997 monthly awrage values at RC-4
(i) - ~noff in inches.
(j) - change in storage in mine site area

TABLE 4.3-7
APRIL BASEFLOW MEASUREMENTS
t Copper Creek was measured only at the diversion. Flow in the main channel was below ice and snow and was assumed to
be less than based on low flow conditions observed in September.
z Stage interpolated.
G:\WPDATA\OOJ\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2\lU\4-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19, 1999;4:51 PM:DRAFT FNAL RI REPORT

Station
RC- I
RC-4
RC-9
Copper Creek*
RC-7
RC-2
RC-5 (above SP-21)
500 feet downstream of RC-2
RC-5 100 feet downstream ot
SP-21 (flow in SP-21 is 0.2 cfs)
TABLE 43-8
SEPTEMBER BASEFLOW MEASUREMENTS
Date of Measurement
9/22/97
9/22/97
9/22/97
9/22/97
9/22/97
9/22/97
9/22/97
9/22/97
9/22/97
9/22/97
9/22/97
Copper Creek includes the diversion (7.6 cfs) and the main channel (6.6 cfs).
** RC-9 is located just above the confluence with the main channel of Copper Creek and below the Copper Creek diversion.
** This measurement is greater than 5 percent different than the others, and is considered an outlier.
RC-6 was not measured in September.
RC-9 is located between RC-4 and Copper Creek.
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2W\4-O.DOC
17693-005-0 19Uuly 19. 1999;4:5 1 PMiDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Flow
82.4 C ~S
87.5 C ~S
82.4 C ~S
14.2 cfs
100.9 C ~S
99.3 C ~S
94.2 cfs
110.8 cfs**
91.6 C ~S
98.1 cfs
99.6 cfs
Stage
1.2 1 A (RC-4)
1.2 1 A (RC-4)
1.21 A (RC-4)
N A -
1.21 ft (RC-4)
1.2 1 A (RC-4) and
0.90 A (RC-2)
0.90 A (RC-2)
0.90 A (RC-2)
0.90 A (RC-2)
0.90 A (RC-2)
0.90 A (RC-2)

TABLE 4.3-9
RESULTS OF OCTOBER 1998 BASEFLOW SURVEY - RC-6 TO RC-4 (REACH 1)
Station
BF- I
Located RC-6
BF-2
Located 50 feet downstream of P-5
BF-3
Located adjacent to the septic field
BF-4
Located 50 feet downstream of the vehicle bridge
BF-5
Located at RC-4 (40 feet upstream of the footbridge)
G:\WPDATA\OO5\REPORTSWOLDEN-2\RIWw0.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Measured Mean Flow
28.1 C ~S
28.0 C ~S
30.4 C ~S
27.9 C ~ S
28.2 cfs
Standard Deviation
0.8 cfs (27.3 - 28.9)
1.3 cfs (26.7 - 29.3)
2.2 C ~S (28.2 - 32.6)
1.9 C ~ (26.0 S - 29.8)
0.9 cfs (27.3 - 29.1)

Hydrostratigraphic
Unit
SoilIFill
Colluvium
Tailings
Waste Rock
Distribution
West portion site, SP-
5 area
North of Railroad
Creek, beneath TP3
TP I. TP2. TP3
Eastlwest of mill
building
Alluvium
Underneathladjacent
to Railroad Creek
Alluviurn~reworked till South of Railroad
Creek
Dense Till
Entire site
Bedrock
Entire site
Refer to text for sources of hydraulic conductivity values
G:\WPDATA\OOSREPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\R1\4-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM;DRAm FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE 4.4-1
HYDROSTRATIGRAPHIC UNITS
Thickness
(fi)
0-10
25-40+
10-120
10-70
5-25
5-10?
5-95
12- 140
(depth to
bedrock)
Lithology1
Grain Size
Clay-boulder, w~th
branches/stumps
Silt-boulder
Clayey silt-sand
Sand-cobble
Silt-cobble
Silt-gravel
Clay-boulder
Quartz diorite.
granodiorite. schist.
gneiss
Hydraulic Conductivity
(cmlsec)*
Small where fine-grained or
compact large where large-grained
or poorly sorted
1.2 x 10"to 4.6 x 10"
4.4 x 10" to 2.0 x lo4
Estimated at >I x 10"
Large due to large grain size and
poor sorting
1.8~ IO" to7.2~ lo-'
5.3 x lUL to 9.0 x 10-
I x 10-'to l x IV'" (unfractured)
4.7 x 10 -' to 9.3 x 10" (fractured)
1.3 x I0 -' to 2.3 x 10"~
(unfractured)
Permeability
TY pe
Intergranularldi
scontinuity
Intergranular
Intergranular
lntergranular
Intergranular
Intergranular
Fracture
Fracture

TABLE 4.4-2
GROUNDWATER FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES &MOORE JOB NO. 17693005419
Groundwater
H:\Holden\Drafi Final RI rpRS_4\Tables\Field ds (Groundwater)
711m
. , . " .
.......... ., . , .
DAMES R MOORE

TABLE 4.4-2
GROUNDWATER FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Groundwater
Sampling stations
Field Parameters
Well Construction Details and Water Level Measuremenk
Slug Test
Date Electrical Turbidity Dissolved Redox
Screen ln&wal Lithology in Monltorlng
Fe+2
Hydnulic
PH
Tempelmre 1col (feet below which well is ,k:Z1$tepe( well Elevation
bsl
(NfUl Oxygen ImgRI Potential ImV) (~ualitatlve) ground screened. ot Caslngl Elevatton (feet) Conductivny
Casing) (cw=4
TP1-2A 5/16/97 NT
W397 5.16 1560 6.4 26 NT 214 N A
617OI97 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT
7113197 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT
527197 4.5
6/3/97 4.26 1750 6.1 9 M
198 Positive
6 W 7 NT
NT NT NT NT NT NT
7113197
911 7197
NT NT NT NT NT NT NT
AliwiaVRemrrke
TPl-6L
TP1-6L 9119197 4.3 3160
1 ailinas Pile 2
PZ-1A 5/15/97
6111197
6 W 7
NT
6.43
NT
NT
743
NT
NT
8.6
NT
NT
122
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
N A
NT
59-61.2
Alluvial/
Reworked till
24.37
39.21
40.33 .
3283 62
3283.62
3263.62
3259.25 ~ . ~ . ~ ~
A'.." :< ..A. .,.
3244.41 ~ ~
.A a. : . ..A . .,. ,.A.
3243.~ ~{g~~
7/13/97 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT
911 7/97 Dry Dry Dry Dry Dry . Dry Dry ~
~~~p
:~:*.;~.:~

TABLE 4.4-2
GROUNDWATER FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES O. MOORE JOB NO. 17693005419
Groundwater
H:Wolden\DnR Final RI rpnSrpns4\Tables\Field.ds
(Gmundwatet)
711 8/99 Page 3 of 6 DAMES 8 MOORE

TABLE 4.4-2
GROUNDWATER FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLOEN MINE RIIFS
DAMES a MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005019
TPZ-11A
aroundwater
8120/97 NT NT NT NT NT NT
NT
7/13/97 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT
9119197 5.32 1440 9.8 NT NT NT NT
-7 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT
glyg7 5.m 432 8.3 999 NT 145 Negative
6/13/97 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT
6120197 NT NT NT NT M NT NT
6120197 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT
7/13/97 NT NT NT NT NT NT NT
Tailinas Pile 3
TP3-4 5115i97 NT
6/4/97 3.97 340 4.8 52 282 , NT Positive
6120197 NT NT N1 NT NT
NT NT
7/13/97 NT
9117197 NS
TP3-4L 5r30/97 6.37
b14/97 6.16
9/19/97 5.53
H:Wlden\Draft Final RI rpt\S_4\Tables\field.ds (Groundwater)
711 8199 Page 4 of 8 DAMES 8 MOORE

TABLE 4.4-2
GROUNDWATER FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RWS .
DAMES (L MOORE JOB NO. 17693005419
Groundwater
Sampling stations
TP3-9
Date
PH
5/14/97 NT
8/4/97 3.61
.sm7 NT
Elecbical
conductivity
M
709
H:\Holden\DraR Final RI rphS_4\Tables\Field.ds (Groundwater)
7 / l h
Temperature (co)
NT
5.9
Field Parameters
Turbidity
(NTU)
M
6
Dissolved Redox
w e n (mgn) Potential (mV)
M
NT
NT
258
Page 5 of 6
=
Well Construction Detalls and Water Level Measurements
Slug Test
lnteWal Lmaogy In
Fe+z
undwate wrau~~c
w n
(~~~jltati~~)
Elevation (feat) CanductivKy
g,$ : :Icel
W~,"e~~!s
below Top of of
Caslng)
(cdsae)
- -.
........ . :,:.- ""
- M 70.6-75.6 Native 38 21 3214 57 3176,38 . .< .
............................ *... ., ........... .
Positive
42.92 3214 57 31 71.65 ~ ~ . t.: .... v.,... ~ :
Reworked till 54.01
DAMES 8 MOORE

TABLE 4.4-2
GROUNDWATER FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES A MOORE JOB NO. 17693005-019
- Notes:
- Lrtholwv based on internretation of borina Iws wm~leted bv others
w:.:. "" .."
MicmSiemens per centimeter
~:s::;May:- .... . . . .,., .
NT Not tested for swcified field ~arameter
glndicates specified field parameter not applicable to sample location
Degrees Celsius
NF No flow
mgk Milligrams per liter
mV Milliilh
cmlsec centimeters per second
H:\Holden\Drafi Final RI rpt\S_4\TaMes\Field.rds (Groundwater)
7/16/99
(c) Indicates composite sample results
Turbid~ty resub should be used with caution Field meter readings were suspect
Page 6 d 6 DAMES B MOORE

lie Conductivities .
Ci:\WPDATA\M)5\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2\R1\4-0.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999;4:5 1 PM;DRAFT FNAL RI REPORT
TABLE 4.4-3
HYDRAULIC CONDUCTMTY VALUES
Alluvium/reworked till

Stream Reach
RC-4 to RC-7
RC-7 to RC-2
Total RC-4 to RC-2
TABLE 4.4-4
RECHARGE TO RAILROAD CREEK, MAY 1997 (VALUES IN CFS)
(Based on Mean Values of Flow Net Analysis)
AlluvieUreworked till
contribution
2.1
0.9
3.0
G:\WPDATA\OOSREPORTSWLDEN-2W4-O.DOC
17693-005-019Vuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FMAL RI REPORT
Tailings
contribution
0. I
0. l
0.2
Total groundwater
contribution
2.2
1 .O
3.2
Ratio of tailings
contribution to total
0.04
N/ A
0.03

TABLE 4.4-5
RECHARGE TO RAILROAD CREEK, SEPTEMBER 1997 (VALUES IN CFS)
(Based on Mean Values of Flow Net Analysis)
Stream Reach AlluviaVReworked Till Tailings Contribution
Contribution
RC-4 to RC-7
1.1
0.1
KC-7 to RC-2
Total RC-4 to RC-2 I
0. I
1.2
0.0
0.1
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2\R1\4-0.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:5 1 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Total Groundwater
Contribution
1.2
0. I
1.3
Ratio of tailings
contribution to total
0.08
NIA
0.09

TABLE 4.4-6
RESULTS OF OCTOBER 1998 BASEFLOW SURVEY - RC-6 TO RC-4 (REACH 1)
Station
BF- I
Located RC-6
BF-2
Located 50 feet downstream of P-5
BF-3
Located adjacent to the septic field
BF-4
Located 50 feet downstream of the vehicle bridge
BF-5
Located at RC-4 (40 feet upstream of the footbridge)
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2WU-O.DOC
17693-005-01 9Uuly 19. 1999:5:06 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Measured Mean Flow
28.1 C ~S
28.0 C ~S
30.4 cfs
27.9 cfs
28.2 cfs
Standard Deviation
0.8 cfs (27.3 - 28.9)
1.3 cfs (26.7 - 29.3)
2.2 cfs (28.2 - 32.6)
1.9 cfs (26.0 - 29.8)
99 cfs (27.3 - 29. I j

TABLE 4.4-7
REACH 1 SEEP FLOW
seep
SP-23
SP-23B
SP-9
SP-I I
1
i I
!
I
MayIJune
Approximate Range
(cfs)
0.2 - 0.3
0.01 - 0.04
0.01
0.002 - 0.004
, I
I
MayIJune Assumed
Average (cfs)
0.15
0.02
0
0
i
1
I
September
Approximate Range
(cfs)
0-0.1
0 - 0.003
0
0
/
!
I
I
I
September Assumed
Average (cfs)
0.05 *
0
0
0
SP-12
SP-24
0.01 -0.1
0.02
0.05
0.0 1
0
0
I 0
0
SP-25
SP-22
0.003
0.01 - 0.03
0
0.02
0
0
0
0
SP-ISE
SP-ISW
0.03 -0.19
0.03 - 0.07
0.14
0.05
I
i
0
0
0
0
0.03 I 0
0
0.08 I 0.005 0
SP-6 I 0.01 - 0.06
SP-7 I 0.02 - 0.15
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\RIW.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19.1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Seep SP-8 was observed flowing in late April only.
G:\WPDATA\M)SWEPORTSWOLDEN-2\RIW-0.M)C
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE- 4.4-8
REACH 2 SEEP FLOW

TABLE 4.Ua
SEEPAGE FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RlFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Seeps Sarnplin
Stations
SPIA
SP-1A
SP-18
SP-1
SP-1
SP-1
SP 1
SP-1
SP2-1
SP2-1
SP2-1
SP2-1
SP2-1
SP2-2
SP2-2
SPZ-2
SP2-2
SPZ-2
SP2-3
SP2-3
SP2-3
SP2-3
SP24
SPZ-5
SP26
SP-2
SP-2
SP-2
SP-2 (c)
SP-2 (c)
SP-2
SP-2
SP-3-1
SP-3-4
SP-3-5
SP-3-7
SP-3
SP-3
SP-3
SP-3
SP-3 (c)
SP-3
SP-3
SP-3
sample Date
pH
YZM7 3 3
~ ~ 9 374 7
Y2Y97 3 2
6R197 3 43
mi97 3 3
6/16/97 3 3
7/12/97 3 56
95/97 NF
5/18/97 2 9
6/2/97 3
6/7/97 3 09
W9B7 2 8
6/16/97 3 1
5/18/97 3 1
5/26\97 3 54
Mi97 3 22
6/9/97 3 16
6/16/97 3 2
5/18/97 3 1
5126147 3 4
6l2l97 3 25
6/7/97 3 03
6/7/97 3 2
W7R7 NT
6/7/97 3 15
612/97 3 32
W7S7 3
6/9/97 3
6/16/97 3 2
711 2/97 2 9
9/16/97 312
101Y97 3 37
%?0/97 3 5
5/20197 3 8
YM197 3 8
WQR7 3 5
920197 361
6/2/97 3 77
W/97 3 5
6/9/97 3 36
6/16/97 3 6
7/12/97 3 5
9/16/97 3 5
1015197
--
3 48
H WoldenUIrafl Final Ri rpt\S_4\TablesW4B.xls Seep
7/1W
conducUvify
(VS)
2570
2960
2240
2750
2540
2690
4310
NF
2370
LOW b
4040
3740
3700
3910
3920
3740
3420
3760
3450
38M)
4210
3580
3430
NT
2950
3710
3890
3580
3790
4495
Y)M
2810
1650
2590
1830
1810
1790
1540
1960
1760
1880
2030
2WO
2090
Temperatun
(CO)
7 6
6 1
7
7 1
10 5
7 8
9 5
NF
8 8
NT
126
20 7
9
6 8
6 1
7 5
9 6
8
6 3
8 1
10 7
14 7
1 I
NT
9 9
6 5
10 1
15 1
8 4
16
10
9 3
53
5
4 7
4 4
5 2
11 8
7 1
9 2
7 5
13 2
14
8 9
Turbidity
(NNI
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
a4
NT
NF
29
NT
NT
202
28
22
NT
NT
67
31
31
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
36
NT
NT
127
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
Olssdve-d 0x~w-n
(-1
1394
NT
4 86
NT
NT
15 97
NT
NF
15 13
NT
NT
10 49
15 6
15 7
NT
NT
NT
16 7
16 6
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
2 59
NT
NT
15 14
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
15 3
NT
NT
NT
Page I of 5
fldd Parameten
Rsdor Po,ential
332
NT
NT
NT
NT
239
318
NF
NT
NT
HT
401
389
NT
NT
NT
196
388
NT
NT
427
NT
NT
NT
NT
377
NT
300
386
360
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
386
NT
NT
NT
240
331
NT
NT
Fs.2,aud
Poslltve
NT
NT
NT
NT
POS~~M
Posd~ve
NF
NT
NT
NT
NT
Pos~twe
NT
NT
NT
NT
Posd~e
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
Poslt~e
POSI~NB
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
NT
Posll~e
NT
NT
NT
Pasdwe
Pos111ve
NT
NT
Seep WKhuge
~stimate (gprn)
0 1
NT
6
2 lo 4
3105
1102
1102
NF
NT
NT
1 to 2
1102

TABLE 4.448
SEEPAGE FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
OAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
H:\Holden\Drafl Final Ri rpl\S-4\TablesW48.xls Seep
7HW9
Page 2 of 5

TABLE 4.4-
SEEPAGE FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
H:\Holden\Drafl F i Ri rpt\S_4\TaMes\448 xls Seep
7118199 Page 3 of 5 DWES B MOORE

TABLE 4.4-
SEEPAGE FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES L MOORE JOB NO. 17693M)S419
H.Wolden\Drafl Fmal Ri rpl\S-4\TaMes\4-48.xls Seep
711 8/99
Page 4 01 5

TABLE 4.4-k
SEEPAGE FIELD PARAMETERS
HOLDEN MINE WFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693505419
SP-23
SP 23
SP 23
SP-23
SP-23 (Vent Roa
SP-23A
Sample Date
5/23/97
5126/97
6GB7
1015197
101597
-7
pH
4.2
4.9
4.23
4.57
4 54
4.8
tk&%
ohslcm Microohms per centimeter NF No flow
Ce Degrees Celsius (C) Indicates composie sample resuns
Milligrams per lier SP-5(1) Fmm main bubbling seep only
mV Millivolts Seeps SP4 and SP-5 flow related to stremllm in RR Creek
gPm Galbns per minute TUrbid~ty results should be used with caution. Field meter readings were rusped
do Cubic feat per secnnd
NT Not tested for swed fieM parameter
Indicates spechied field parameter not applicable to sample location
H:Uidden\Drafl Final Ri rplS-4\Tables\448.xIs Seep
711F~53
~ecbld
conductivfw
(PSI
360
276
277
1%
182
260
Ternpernun
(C")
2.5
4 2
3.4
6.6
6.3
4.2
~urbidify
(NN)
1
4
10
NT
NT
0
Wsrrolved Oxygen
ImSn)
14.77
15.14
NT
NT
NT
16.4
Page 5 of 5
Fldd Panmeten
Redox Potentid (mV)
327
290
344
NT
NT
187
. ~e*' (Qualitative)
Negative
Negative
NT
NT
NT
NT
Seep Mschargs
(gpm)
60tolW
143
NT
40-M gpm
20 to 30
63
S-P Wbuge (d.1
0.13324.2228
0.3175
0.04440 0666
0.1399

TABLE 4.4-9
REACH 1 SITE-SPECIFIC WATER BALANCE RESULTS
Qrcl - Flow at Railroad Creek Station RC-I
Qrc4 - Flow at Railroad Creek Station RC-4
Qsr - Direct surface runoff contributions to Railroad Creek
Qb - Contribution of flow from the bedrock aquifer as measured at the portal drainage station P-l (Qpl)
Qa - Net flow from the alluvial aquifer and is the sum of the gain (Qag) and loss (Qal)
Qsp-23 - Flow contribution to Railroad Creek from seep SP-23
Water Balance Equation:
where:
Qr = Qrc4 - (Qrc 1 + Qa + Qb + Qsr)
G:\WPDATA\OO5\REPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\RIW-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999;4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Qrc4 = Qrcl + Qa + Qb + Qsr
(Equation 4- 13)

TABLE 4.4-10
REACH 2 SITE SPECIFIC WATER BALANCE RESULTS
Qrc2 - Flow at Railroad Creek Station RC-2
Qrc4 - Flow at Railroad Creek Station RC-4
Qsr - Direct surface runoff contributions to Railroad Creek
Qt - Tributary inflow to Railroad Creek contributed between RC-4 and RC-2
Qa - Net flow from the alluvial aquifer and is the sum of the gain (Qag) and loss (Qal)
Water Balance Equation:
where:
Qr = Qrc2 - (Qrc4 + Qa + Qar + Qt)
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2\R1\4-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999;4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Qrc2 = Qrc4 + Qa + Qsr + Qt
sr north bank = 0 cfs
(Equation 4-14)

Habitat Variable
Stream Velocity and Discharge
Water Quality
Stream Substrate and Channel Shape
Riparian Vegetation
~abitat Complexity and StreamNetwork
-
C:\WPDATA\005\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2WW-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM:DRAm FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE 4.6-1
HABITAT VARIABLES AND MAP INDICES
USED DURING REFERENCE REACH EVALUATION
Map Indices
Channel Slope and Contributing Watershed Area
Percent Glacier Area in the Contributing Watershed, Percent Lake Area in th
Contributing Watershed, and Underlying Geology with related Historic Min~ng
Channel Slope, Valley Width and Underlying Geology
Channel Elevation, Watershed Aspecf Valley Width and Mapped Green Areas o
Topographic Map
Valley Width, Stream Order. Percent Lake Area in the Contributing Watershed
presence of Fish Barriers downstream of Reach - Fish Barriers were assumed to occu
in channel sections with slopes greater than 7%.
1
-

G:\WPDATA\OO5U(EPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\R1W-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19, 1999~4:s 1 PM;DRAIT FINAL R1 REPORT
TABLE 4-6-2
AQUATIC HABITAT PARAMETER RATINGS
HOLDEN MINE SITE REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION

a
TABLE 4.6-2A
BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE EVALUATION RESULTS,
HOLDEN MINE SITE REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION
tream from Wilderness Boundary
rox. 0.25 mile downstream fro
Macroinvertebrate community analysis results are presented as means for all replicates at a given location.
G:\WPDATA\WS\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2W\4-O.DOC
17693-005-019Vuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL Ri REPORT

RC-6
RC- I
BC-I
SFAC- I
TABLE 4.6-2B
BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE EVALUATION RESULTS,
COMMUNITY LOSS INDEX
HOLDEN MINE SITE REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION
RC-9
0.49
0.38
--
-
G:\WPDATA\OO5\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2W\4-O.DOC
17693405-019Vuly 19, 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
RC-7
1.48
1.38
--
--
RC-Sa .
--
--
5.1 1
3.44
RC-I0
-
--
3.08
1.92

TABLE 4.6-2C
DISTRIBUTION FIT FOR METRIC DATA
HOLDEN MINE SITE REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION
G:\WPDATA\M)J\REPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\R1\4-0.DOC
17693-005-OI9Uuly 19,1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

TABLE 4.6-2D
SUMMARY OF STATISTICAL COMPARISON OF METRIC DATA
HOLDEN MINE SITE REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION
Group
Reference
(RC-I & RC-6)
I
1 Total
I (#ma) /
I
I
j Not similar* '
1
Species
Richness
Not
similar*
Type of Metric
i Abundance 1 Abundance
I ofScrapers of EPT
1 Taxa
Not similar** Not
similar**
Affected
(RC-9 & RC-7)
Reference
(SFAC-I 8c BC-I )
Affected
Not similar*
I
Not
similar*
No data 1 si:g**
(RC-5a & RC- 10) I 1
* Independent T-test comparison performed
** Wilcoxin Rank Sum was used for nonparametric distributions
G:\WPDATA\W5UIEPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\RIW-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19.1999:4:5 1 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Percent of 1 EPTIndex / Ratioof
Dominant
Taxon
Similar*
i ,
'
Not
similar**
i Shredders
!
Similar
Similar**
Not
Not
similar** / similar*,
I
I

TABLE 4.6-3
TROUT POPULATION ESTIMATE RESULTS,
HOLDEN MINE SITE REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION
(location length; area)
ND = No Data
* Based on average counts (PIE. 1998)
G:\WPDATA\M)5\REPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\R1\4-0.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999;4:51 PM,DRAFTFlNALRI REPORT

TABLE 4.6-3A
GENERAL COMPOSITION AND CONDITION OF FISH AT RAILROAD CREEK
G:\WPDATA\OO5WEPORTSWOLDEN-2Wl\4-O.DO
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999;4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Date
September 9
September 10
September 11
September 12
September 13
September 14
September 15
September 16
September 17
TABLE 4.6-4
SUMMARY OF WILDLIFE SURVEYS CONDUCTED AT HOLDEN MINE
SEPTEMBER 9 to 17,1997
Type
General (am)
General (pm)
Bat
General (am)
General (pm)
Bat
General (am)
General (pm)
Bat
General (pm)
Bat
Opportunistic (am)
General (prn)
Opportunistic
General (am, pm)
General (am, pm)
General (am)
G:\WPDATA\O05\REPORTSWOLDENN2\RI\4-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999;4:51 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Location
North-facing slope
Upstream riparian
North-facing slope
Tailings pile
South-facing slope
Upstream riparian
Upstream riparian
Tailings
North-facing slope
Downstream riparian
Downstream riparian
South-facing slope
Tailings pile
Weather
Fair
Fair
Fair
rain
Fair, rain. snow

G:\WPDATA\OO5\REPORTSWOLDEN-2WW-0.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE 4.6-5
COMMON PLANT SPECIES
Scientific Name I Common Name
Trees
Abies amabilis
Pacific silver fir
Abies lasiocarpa
Subalpine fir
Picea engelmannii
Engelmann spruce
Pinus conrorra
Lodgepole pine
Pinus monricola
Western white pine
Pinus ponderosa
Ponderosa pine
Populus balsamifera
Black cottonwood
P opulus rremuloides
Quaking aspen
Prunus emarginara
Bitter cherry
Pseudorsuga menziesii
Douglas fir
Thuja plicata
Western red cedar
Tsuga hererophylla
Western hemlock
Tsuga merrensiana
Shrubs and Vines
Mountain hemlock
Acer glabrum
Douglas or mountain maple
Alnus sinuata
Sitka alder
Amelanchier alnifolia
Sewiceberry
Ceanothus velutinus
Snowbrush
Cornus stolonifera
Red-osier dogwood
Holodiscus discolor
Oceanspray
Mahania nervosa
Oregon grape
Oplopanm horridum
Devil's club
Pachistima myrsinires
Oregon boxwood
Rhododendron albijlorum
White-flowered rhododendron
Rosa gymnocarpa
Baldhip rose
Rubus lasiococcus
Dwarf bramble
Rubus parviflorus
Thimbleberry
Salix scouleriana
Scouler's willow
Salix spp.
Willows
Sambucus racemosa
Elderberry
Sorbus scopulina
Mountain ash
Symphoricarpos alba
Snowberry
l'accinium spp.
Herbs
BIueberriesMuckleberries
Aruncus dioicus
Goat's beard
Athyri~tm/ilix-/emina
Lady fern
Cofamagrostis rubescens
Pinegrass
Carer spp.
Sedges
Cryptogramma crispa
Parsley fern
Elymus glaucus
Blue wildrye
Epilobium an~stijblium
Fireweed
Epilobium panicularum
Willow-weed
Juncus mertensianus
Rush
Preridium aquilinum
Bracken fern
Smilacina spp.
False Solomon's seal, wild lily of the valley
Verbascum rhapsus
Common mullein
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 4.6-6 .
HERPETOFAUNA LIKELY TO OCCUR WITH3N THE RAILROAD CREEK DRAINAGE
Long-toed salamander
Pacific giant salamander
Tailed frog
Western Toad
Pacific treefrog
Cascades frog
Columbian sponed frog
Amphibians
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTSWLDEN-2WW-0. DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM;DRAFT FMAL RI REPORT
Liznrds and Snakes
Northern alligator lizard
Rubber boa
Western terrestrial garter snake
Common garter snake

TABLE 4.6-7
MASTER LIST OF AVIAN SPECIES OBSERVED AND POTENTIALLY OCCURRING AT
AND IN THE VICINITY OF HOLDEN MINE
Species Observed
Golden Eagle
Sharp-shinned hawk
Red-tailed hawk
Rough-legged hawk
Blue grouse
Northem flicker
Yellow-bellied sapsucker
Hairy woodpecker
Pileated woodpecker
Hammond's flycatcher
Violet-green swallow
Barn swallow
Stealet's jay
Clark's nutcracker
Common raven
Mountain chickadee
Chestnut-backed chickadee
Red-breasted nuthatch
Golden-crowned kinglet
Ruby-crowned kinglet
Townsend's solitaire
Hermit thrush
Varied thrush
American robin
American pipit
American dipper
Ceder waxwing
Yellow-rumped warbler
Townsend's warbler
MacGillvary's warbler
Song sparrow
Dark-eyed junco
White-crowned sparrow
Golden crowned sparrow
Red crossbill
White-winged crossbill
Rosy finch
Finch spp.
Probable Summer Breeders
Spotted sandpiper
Common nighthawk
Calliope hummingbird
Olive-sided flycatcher
Dusky flycatcher
Willow flycatcher
Western flycatcher
House wren
Winter wren
Swainson's thrush
Solitary vireo
Warbling vireo
Yellow warbler
Wilson's warbler
Fox sparrow
Lincoln's sparrow
Western tanager
G:\WPDATAW0~\REP0RTSW0LDEN-2\RI\4-0.D0C
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Probable Year Round Residents not observed
(due to secretive nature. etc.)
Cooper's hawk
Northern goshawk
Ruffed grouse
Spruce grouse
Great homed owl
Barred owl
Northern pygmy owl
Northern saw-whet owl
Three-toed woodpecker
Black-backed woodpecker
Gray jay
Brown creeper
Pine siskin
Pine grosbeak
Evening grosbeak
DAMES & MOORE

North-aspect Slope
Sharp-shinned hawk Pileated woodpecker Golden eagle
South-aspect Slope
Stellar's jay
Sharp-shinned hawk
Clarks nut cracker
Red-tailed hawk
Raven
Rough-legged hawk
Mountain chickadee
Northern flicker
Chestnut-backed chickadee
Yellow-bellied sapsucker Clark's nutcracker
Red-breasted nuthatch
Mountain chickadee
Goldencrowned kinglet
Red-breasted nuthatch
Rubycrowned kinglet Hermit thrush Golden-crowned kinglet
Varied thrush
Townsend's solitaire
American robin
American robin
Yellow-rumped warbler
Dark-eyed junco
Townsend's warbler
Red crossbill
Dark-eyed junco
Rosey finch
White-winged crossbill
Finch spp.
Finch spp.
G:\WPDATA\OOSKEPORTSWOLDEN-2M4-0 DOC
17693005-019Vuly 19. 19994:Sl PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE 4.6-8
BIRD SPECIES OBSERVED BY SURVEY AREA
Upstream Riparian
Red-tailed hawk
Blue grouse
Northern flicker
Hammond's flycatcher
Violet-green swallow
Mountain chickadee
Red-breasted nuthatch
Golden-crowned kinglet
Townsend's solitaire
American robin
Hermit thrush
Cedar waxwing
Townsend's warbler
McGillvary's warbler
Dark-eyed junco
White-crowned sparrow
Golden-crowned sparrow
Red crossbill
Finch spp.
Downstream Riparian
Stellar's jay
Mountain chickadee
Chestnut-back chickadee Red-
breasted nuthatch
Golden-crowned kinglet
American dipper
Dark-eyed junco
Mine Tailings
Red-tailed hawk
Hairy woodpecker
Barn swallow
Violet-green swallow
Stealer's jay
American pipit
Song sparrow
Dark-eyed junco

All Species Observed
Bat spp.
Pika
Douglas squirrel
Golden-mantled ground squirrel
Mule deer
Deer mouse
Chipmunk sp.
Black bear
TABLE 4.6-9
MASTER LIST OF ALL SPECIES OBSERVED, PROBABLY PRESENT
AND POSSIBLE PRESENT AT HOLDEN MINE
Bat Species Potentially Present
California myotis
Western small-footed myotis
Long-eared myotis
Keen's myotis
Little brown myotis
Fringed myotis
Long-legged myotis
Yurna myotis
Hoary bat
Silver-haired bat
Big brown bat
Western (Townsend's) big- eared
bat
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTS\tIOLDEN-2W\4-0.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19.1999:4:51 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Species Probably Present. but
Not Observed
Masked shrew
Dusky shrew
Northern water shrew
Snowshoe hare
Bushytail woodrat
Pacific jumping mouse
Southern redbacked vole
Heather vole
Longtail vole
Hoary Marmot
Porcupine
Coyote
Marten
Long-tailed weasel
Short-tailed weasel
Mink
Mountain lion
Bobcat
Species Possible
Present, but Not
Observed
Fisher
Wolverine
Lynx
Elk
DAMES & MOORE

!
I
TABLE 4.6-10
MAMMAL SPECIES OBSERVED, BY SURVEY AREA, AT HOLDEN MINE
Observations may have been of actual animals or their sign
North-facing slope I South-facing Slope 1 Upstream riparian I Downstream riparian I hlinc tailings
E'
Bat SDD. . .
IDouglas squirrel lDouglas squirrel JDouglas squirrel IGolden-mantled ground squirrel
Col&n-mantled ground squirrel Colden-mantled ground squirrel Golden-mantled ground squirrel Chipmunk sp
uglas squirrel
Chipmunk sp.
Chipmunk sp.
Chipmunk sp.
Black bear
olden-mantled ground squirrel Deer mouse
Black bear
Deer mouse
Mule deer
hipmunk sp.
Mule deer
Mule deer
Beaver
er mouse
Black bear
G:\WPDATA\OOS!REPORTSWOLDEN-2Wl\4-0.DOC
17693-005-OI9Uuly 19. 1999:4:5 1 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

TABLE 4.6-1 1
SPECIES OF FEDERAL CONCERN WHICH MAY OCCUR IN THE VICINITY
OF HOLDEN MINE, AS INDICATED BY U.S. FOREST SERVICE, AUGUST 13,1997
G:\WPDATA\OO5REPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\RIW-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFf Flh'AL RI REPORT
DAMES & MOORE

CLIENT PRI VILECED AND CONFIDENTlA L
INTERNAL DRAFTIFOR INTERNAL USE ONLY
TABLE 4.6-1 1 (CONTINUED)
SPECIES OF FEDERAL CONCERN WHICH MAY OCCUR IN THE VICINITY
OF HOLDEN MINE, AS mICATED BY U.S. FOREST SERVICE, AUGUST 13,1997
G:\WPDATA\OOSWEPORTS\HOLDEN-2NIW-0.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999:4:51 PM:DRAFT FRJAL RI REPORT

Species
Peregrine falcon
Falco peregrinus
Bald eagle
Haliaeetus
leucmephalus
Northern sponed owl
S~rix occidentalis
Gray wolf
Canis lupus
Grizzly bear
Ursus arctos
Lynx
Lynx canademis
TABLE 4.6-12
SPECIAL STATUS SPECIES IN THE PROJECT AREA.
Status
FE, SE
FT. ST
FT, SE,
FSS
FE, SE,
FSS
FT. SE,
FSS
FC. ST,
FSS
Bull trout
FP
Salvelinw confluenis
Wenatchee mountain's FC. ST
checkermallow
Sidalcea oregano
var. calva
FE = Federally Endangered
FT = Federally Threatened
FC = Federally Candidate for threatened or endangered status
FP = Proposed for federal status
SE = State endangered
ST = State threatened
FSS = Forest Service sensitive species
G:\WPDATA\OO5\REPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\RI\4-D.WC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 19994:51 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Habitat Requirements
Mainly open country, nests on ledges high
on cliffs
Often hunts in riparian zones
Lakes and rivers, nests in tall trees and on
cliffs
Diet consists primarily of fish
Old growth forest with a multi-layer
Canopy
Usually nests in old cavities
Preys on small mammals, especially
woodrats
All habitats with a sufficient prey base and
protection from human harassment .
Three wolf dens have recently been
confirmed in the Northern Cascades
All habitat types with a suitable food base
and isolated from human activity.
A small population may exist in the
Northern Cascades
Spruce, subalpine fir and lodgepole pine
forests
Distribution is tied to that of snowshoe
hare, which makes up to 80% of its diet.
Cold water mountain lakes and streams
Wet meadows. near streams
Endemic to Chelan and Kinitas counties
Potential to Occur in Project Area
Possible. The area contains good hunting habitat
and there are recorded sighting in the Railroad
Creek drainage.
Possible. Bald eagles have been observed on
Lake Chelan and the lower part of Railroad
Creek and Domke Lake are designated as bald
eagle recovery territory.
Possible. A female sponed owl was radio
tracked to the upper Railroad Creek drainage in
1993 and a male currently resides near Domke
Lake.
Possible. A number of unconfirmed wolf
sighting have recently been reported in the
Railroad Creek drainage.
Possible. A grizzly bear siting at Domke Lake in
1995. was reported to and recorded by the USFA
Possible. Suitable lynx habitat is found at higher
elevations around Holden Mine. and there is a
lynx record from Dumbell Mountain.
Possible. Railroad Creek provides suitable
habitat.
No. There are no known populations in the
Railroad Creek drainage.

TABLE 4.6-13
U.S. FOREST SERVICE SURVEY AND MANAGE COMPONENT 2 MOLLUSK SPECIES
WITH POTENTIAL TO OCCUR IN THE PROJECT AREA
*May occur, but surveys are not required in the Wenatchee National Forest
G:\WPDATA\OO5\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2WW-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999;4:5 1 PM:DRAFT FWAL RI REWRT

TABLE 4.6-14
U.S. FOREST SERVICE SURVEY AND MANAGE COMPONENT 2 AND PROTECTION
BUFFER PLANTS WITH POTENTIAL TO OCCUR LN THE PROJECT AREA
Scientific Name 1 Common Description I . ' Habitat Associations
Fungi
Oxyporus nobilissimus noble polypore
the base or major root branches of large diameter old-growth noble fir and
Pacific silver fir trees, snags and stumps (Hibler and 0' Dell 1998)
Lichens
Hypommnia .. - duplicata I foliose lichen w/hollow
I narrow lobes. arboreal
Lobaria linita I foliose lichen, N-fixing
I an epiphyte on mountain and western hemlock, Pacific silver fir, subalpine fir.
I and Douglas fir
I on lower boles of Pacific silver fir, in sub-alpine areas. and on rock outcrops and
I boulders in moist conifer forests
I
Pseudocyphellaria 1 foliose lichen. N-fixing I an epiphyte on conifer trees in old-growth forests with cool. humid
rainierensis I I microclimates
Bryophytes
Diplophyllum plicatum
-
Kurzia makinoana
leafy liverwort
on decayed wood, down logs, trunks of Douglas fir Pacific Yew, Sitka spruce.
mineral soil. and rock in cool habitats with high humidity (USFS 1997)
leafy liverwort
I -
in forested and bog sites on decaying wood or humus. rocky cliffs. ledges, soil
I banks. in shaded moist sites (USFS 1997)
Marsupella 1 aquatic liverwort I in colonies attached to submerged rocks in cold perennial streams. only one site
emarginata aquatica 1 I is known ?.t Waldo Lake in the Oregon Cascades (USFS 1997)
Schisroste~a ",
1 (Protection Buffer species) 1 mouths.'rock crevices or overha&. Low light is required.'
oennata I Luminous moss I On damp rock, soil and decaying wood in dark places such as cave or mine shaft
Tritomaria I leafy liverwort I on dry to moist, partially shaded soil, litter and soil in rock crevices. decaying
eiecti/ormis
logs, peaty soil over cliffs, and wet soil banks (USFS 1997)
Ulota meglosporo Giant-spored tree moss Epiphytic on conifers. hardwoods, particularly maples. alder and tanoak and
(Protection Buffer species) numerous other shrubs. Prefers branch tips away from competition of other
bryophytes. Can be in dry sites. '
Vascular Plants
ANotropa . virgata - I candystick I in deep humus of coniferous forests at lower elevations. including east Cascade
slopes(~itchcock and Cronquist 1973)
Botvchium
grape fern
minganense
Botrvchium montanum' ,-. araoe fern
Coptis asplenii/olia 1 spleenwort-leaved
goldthread
Galium kamrscharicum boreal bedstraw
moist sites, in old-growth western red cedar on mossy slopes, ridges, and ,
same as B. minaanense . I * . 1
I moist woods and bogs (Hitchcock and Cronquist 1973) \
\
wet areas with seeps or sanding water in the Pacific silver fir zonb and the
mountain hemlock zone fPotash 1991)
I I -
Habenarra orbrculato I round-leaved re~n-orchid I moist, mossy forests (H~tchcock and Cronquist 1973)
---
' From a table created by Teny Lillibridge, Botanist, Wenatchee National Forest
G:\WPDATA\M)5\REPORTSWOLDEN-2\R1\4-O.DOC
17693-005-019Uuly 19. 1999;4:51 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
beriches (Smith-Kuebel and ~ill~bridge *A k .Gef~~~
L,:
-4) /
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 4.6-15
SURVEY AND MANAGE SPECIES FOR WHICH NO SURVEY PROTOCOLS ARE
AVAILABLE DUE TO THE UNIQUE OR UNKNOWN LIFE HISTORY OF THESE SPECIES
..--'., . . u._-,,.-, -..-..--.-- ---.-.r-*w.
moss, Ant spearmoss
G:\WPDATA\WS\REPORTS\HOLDEN-Z\RIW-O.DOC
17693-005-01 9Uuly 19. 1999;4:5 1 PM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

SOURCE: USGS Topographic Map, State of Washington,
Scale 1:500,000, Compiled 196 1, Revised 1982
8 16
Scale in Miles
Figure 4.1 -1
DAMES & MOORE LAKE CHELAN WATERSHED MAP
A DAMES (L MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

. .
; SOURCE: Wen et al., 1992
,, .................... USF.kj@..+d+q!e!..lgR ............................
. .
.................................................... ,
, ........................................................... ........................................................... ...........................................................
i ........................................................... i ........... . .............. . ................................ ............ - ........................................ ......;..
A B C D E .F G H I
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES I MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Figure 4.1 -2
RAILROAD CREEK WATERSHED MAP
Holden Mine RVFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report .

Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base mrlp information from USFS and
Kbhf* DNR, DEM CD ROM Figure 4.1 -3
DETAIL OF MINE SUPPORT WASTE ROCK PILES AREA,
DAMES & MOORE ; TAILINGS PILE 1 AND HOLDEN VILLAGE
A DIMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
ATO~Y en-
CmUW.0 '1D
Figure 4.1-4
DIAGRAMMATIC CROSS SECTION OF HOLDEN MINE AND MILL
Holden Mine RI/FS
Draft Final RI Report

____------
---_
SOURCES: Base map inbnnatim fnnn USFS and
Mngtcn DNR, DEM CD ROM.
Relocalion of Rar7raad Creek based m
The previous location
of this segment of
Railroad Creek
is unknown
___.-----..__.----._
---._...__._--..-._.
------------
0 600 1,200
rn
Scale in Feet
Figure 4.1 -4a
HOLDEN MINE SITE MAP
DAMES & MOORE ~solrndco.map~datedm. RAILROAD CREEK CHANNEL - 1937
A DAMES a W)OIIE GROUP COW
Holden Mine RIIFS
~obNo. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
SHALLOW WAnR PnMD
NEAR Wtlh
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Wngton DNR, OEM CD FtOM
Fill (2) L~ill(l)
Vent (1) Vent (1) i
Note: All locations are approximate and not
surveyed.
Fill (2)
Vent (1) Vent (1) 7 i Fill (2)
Figure 4.1 -5a
DAMES & MOORE WINSTON HOME SITES TANK INVENTORY
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RVFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

'
(Buckskin
Formation)
NOTE: This cross section is generally parallel to ore body
and 1500 level ventilator tunnel
Ventilator Pcrlal
' SOURCES: Northwest Geophysical Associates, 1997, Seismic Line A-A', 6-6: Holden Mine
Geophysical Investigation.
Youngberg. E. A., Wdson, 1: L., 1952, The Geology of the Holdeo Mine, Economic
Geology, V. 47, No. 1, 1952, pp. 1-12.
W.A.B., 1942, Detailed Surface Geology Map, Howe Sound Co., Chekn Division
F. E., H.B.S., 1938, Geology of 1500 Level, Howe Sound Company Chelaii Division
Howe Sound Co, 1957, Holden Mine, East West Section
Ventilator Tunnel
LEGEND
800 Level Portal
Backfilled stope
vA Dike
-.-.-.- Transform fault
700 Level Portal
550 Level Portal
Intersection with
Cross Section 1-11
I
,-- 300 Level Portal
1 0 50G 1,000
i
i' I
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Continues Approximately 8.000'
Figure 4.1 -5c
HOLDEN MINE SITE
DAMES & MOORE i CROSS SECTION H-H'
A OAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY , Holden Mine RIIFS
~ oNO. b 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

'
Railroad
Creek
SOURCES: Northwest Geophysical Associates, 1997, Seismic Line A-A', 0-0: Holden Mine
Geophysical Investigation.
Youngberg, E. A., Wison, T: L., 1952, The Geology of the Holden Mine, Economic
Geology. V. 47, No. 1, 1952, pp. 1-12.
W.A.B., 1942, Detailed Surface Geology Map, Howe Sound Co., Chelan Division
E E., H. B.S., 1938, Geology of 1500 Level, Howe Sound Company Chelan Division
Till
Waste Rodc
Intersection with
Cross Section H-H'
I I
I
Bedrock
Pynhotite, Chalcopyrite.
Budskin Schists Gdd. Biotite
LEGEND
t I
Interlying sequences of arnphibolite, hornblende gneiss, quartzite,
marble and hornblende biotite schist with grandodioriteldiorite
I
instrusive
Intermediate to acid intrusives
dlorite, guam diorite
- . - . - . - Transform fault
+ Transform fault, away
0 00 2325 Level
0 500 1,000
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
- Transform fault, toward Fitlure 4.1 -5d
HOLDEN MINE SITE
DAMES & MOORE GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION 1-1'
A DAMES 6 MOORE CROUP COMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
&aft Final RI Report

Scale in Feet
HOLDEN MINE SITE UNDERGROUND MAP
DAMES & MOORE 300 LEVEL
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report
Mine"

- Approximate
f'
Plan View Outline of
/ 'Honeymoon HeightsNnderground
1 ( Shown on Figure 4.1 -5b
/
- \ \
extent of underground
workings for this mine level only
@ Approximate extent of stope
Scale in Feet
DAMES & MOORE
A WES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
\ \ \ \
Figure 4.1 -7
HOLDEN MINE SITE UNDERGROUND MAP
550 LEVEL
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Scale in Feet
Figure 4.1 -8
HOLDEN MINE SITE UNDERGROUND MAP
. . DAMES & MOORE 700 LEVEL
AaAMEs6MooREGRoUPCOMPANy
Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

' DAMES
LEGEND
- Approximate extent of underground
workings for this mine level only
@ Approximate extent of stope
&
0 600 1,200
Scale in Feet
& MOORE
A DAMES B MOORE GRWP COMPANY
~ o NO. b 17693-005-01 9
Figure 4.1 -9
HOLDEN MINE SITE UNDERGROUND MAP
800 LEVEL
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

-
LEGEND
Approximate extent of underground
. workings for this mine level only
@ Approximate extent of stope
0 600 1,200
Scale in Feet
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 4.1 -1 0
HOLDEN MINE SITE UNDERGROUND MAP
1000 LEVEL
Holden Mine RIFS
Draft Final RI Report.

-
LEGEND
Approximate extent of underground
workings for this mine level only
@ Approximate extent of stope
0 600 1,200
Scale in Feet
DAMES & MOORE
A aAMES B MOORE GROUP COMPANY
~ o NO. b 17693-005-019
Figure 4.1 -1 1
HOLDEN MINE SITE UNDERGROUND MAP
1100 LEVEL
Holden Mine RI/FS
Draft Final RI Report

1500 Ventilator
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 4.1 -1 2
HOLDEN MINE SITE UNDERGROUND MAP
1500 LEVEL
Holden Mine RIPS
Draft Final RI Report

LEGEND
==s Approximate extent of underground
workings for this mine level only
ri/
Approximate extent of stope
0 600 1,200
Scale in Feet
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Mine"
Figure 4.1 -1 3
HOLDEN MINE SITE UNDERGROUND MAP
2325 LEVEL
Holden Mine RI/FS
. Draft Final RI Report

Modified from Washington Wit Power Supply System (1988)
(after Riddihough, 1984). . .
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 8 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job No. 17693-005-01 9
Holden
- Mine Site
A Cascade Volcano
Figure 4.2-1 a
REGIONAL TECTONIC SETTING
Holden Mine RIJFS
Draft Final RI Report

-
E
2f
W . E
Volcanic Arc
Cascadia S.Z.
Trench
Coastline Fore Arc . 1
Region
Sea Level I I
North American Plate
1 2S0 123O 121°
OLYMPICS
- North American . .. .
Y
5 -
a -
8 -
- Earthquakes
PUGET SOUND
BASIN
* .. ... .. -..
Figure 4.2-1 b
SCHEMATIC TECTONIC CROSS SECTION AND
DAMES & MOORE INSTRUMENTALLY RECORDED SEISMICITY
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

3.1
0 1934
Scale in Miles
~ DETAIL
LEGEND
-
0 1990 Earthquake epicenter
2-' with year and magnitude,
earthquake magnitudes
based on Richter scale
Figure 4.2-2
DAMES & MOORE REGIONAL RECORDED SEISMIC EVENTS
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

,.' \
/-
i \\
\
i
i \ \..--A
j \
/.-.--------/ \
.-.--2 \
,.,.
\
\ \
1. a \ \
i 0
\ \
i
1 i
\
\.
'. .
\
i
i
i
!
.A. J
.,+-/.-
1'
Kbt
i'
i .\
i
-.-.
'.-..
'.
.,.,.--I
/
i
i.
'. .
DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS
Qs SURFlClAL DEPOSITS (QUATERNARY)--Mostly unconsolidated alluvium, collwium, and glacial
materials. Includes reworked volcanic ash and pumice of postglacial eruptions of Glacier Peak volcano
Tgr GRANITE ROCK (TERTIARY)-Granite rock, undifferentiated
Rqd GRANITIC AND METAGRANITIC ROCK (lRIASSIC)--Commonly foliated and heterogeneous chlorite-,
biotite-, and hornblende-bearing quartz diorite, metaquartz diorite, and gneiss or other metamorphic
rock derived from originally plutonic rock
pTgn GNEISS (PRE-TERTIARY)-Undifferentiated gneiss
pTgnm GNEISS (PRE-TERTIARY)-Migrnatltic paragneiss and orthogneiss heterogeneously mixed with
commonly abundant schist
Ljg LAKE JUANITA LEUCOGNEISS
Kbt BLACK PEAK BATHOLITH-Directionless-Weakly foliated phase
i
i
i
1.
I
i
\. '.
i
i
i
i
\
[-.-*/'
I
r-
i
\.
!
I.-.-.
Ktgg GABRIEL PEAK ORTHOGNEISS
nhc NORTHERN HETEROGENOUS CRYSTALLINE COMPLEX
Ts WISP VALLEY SCHIST
LEGEND
X Mine location'
# Area of multiple claim
locations or altered rock1
Properties at which lead is
the principal value2
D Properties at which copper
is of secondary value2
Properties at which arsenic
is the principal value2
Properties is of secondary at which value2 arsenic
! 0 Properties at which lead is of
I-.-. secondary value2 Properties at which zinc is
'.
-.\.
Properties at which copper
is the principal value2
the principal value2
O Properties at which zinc is of
I
i
secondary value2
-. x. \.-. -. from church et a/. BC-1 (aquatic reference
'. '. -. riom Hunting reach sampling station)
-.-_ . -. -.-. . '. \
A
Refer to '. \. Division of Mines and EcoIogy, Bull. Na 37, V2.
.!
8
'.----.
Sources: Hunting, M M, 1956, Inwntory of Washington Minerals,
Figures 4.2-4 and 4.2-5
i
Church, S.E., et al.. 1984, Mineral Resource Potential
for Railroad Creek i
Map of the Glacier Peak Wilderness and Adjacent
i
watershed geology I i Areas, Chelan, Skagit, and Snohomish Cwnties. WA
! i US Geological Sum)i misc. Field Studies Map MF
0 3 / i 1652-A.
i
i
Miller. R. B., 1987, Geologic Map of the Twisp Riveri
Chelan Divide Region, North Cascades, Washinstton
Approximate i
Holden Mine Site M~ller. R.
Scale in Miles i
6, 1987, Geologic Map of Part of the
i McAlaster Mountain Quadrangle, Washington
\
I
k.
37 b !\. Figure 4.2-3
1 NORTH LAKE CHELAN BASIN GEOLOGY MAP
AMES & MOORE
WITH HISTORIC MINING ACTIVITY
DAMES 6 MOORE GROW COMPANY
693-005-019
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

A 6 C D E F G H I
.... ........................................................... ........................................................... ...........................................................
i Railroad Creek
....................................................... ...........................................................
............................................................................................................ ...........................................................
........................................................... ; ; ! !.... ! ,........... : !...
SOURCES: Cater. E W. Wright, 'T: L., 1967 Geologic Map, Lucerne Quadrangle, meIan Count)! WA
Cater. E W. Wright, 'T: L., 1957 Geologic Map, Hdden Quadtangle, Shohomish and Chelan Counties, WA
Waltefs el a/.. 1992
USGS Cheh Quadrangle, 1973
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job No. 17693-005-01 9
.............
Figure 4.2-5
RAILROAD CREEK WATERSHED STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY MAP
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DMES & MOORE
Figure 4.2-6a
HOLDEN MINE SITE GEOLOGIC MAP
A ~ AME~ a MOORE GROUP C~MPAN~ Holden Mine RUFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

0.7
SOURCE: Base map informaticm fr0m USFs and
Mngto DNR, DEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
D. 8 D. 9
E.0 E.l
E.3 E.4
E.5
Figure 4.2-6b
RI GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION LOCATIONS
A RAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

0.7 D.8
D. 9 E.0 E.l
E.2
E.3 E.4
E.5
SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR. OEM CD ROM
I DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
.
4.2-6C
SITE GEOLOGICAL DATA COLLECTED DURING
HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

LEGEND
0
Allwiumlreworked till
Soil
r-"J .
.................... . . . .. . . . ... . Colluvium - tailings
SOURCE: Norttrwest Geophysical Assobation, 1997, Seismic Line DD',
Holden Mine Geophysiical Investigation
DAMES & MOORE
6-6
Number and approximate location of boring completed by
Hart Crowser, 1975.
. ........... . PZ-$A Number and approximate location of groundwater
Bedrock
monitoring well installed by PNL, 1991.
TP3-5A Number and approximate location of groundwater
monitoring well installed by USBM, 1995.
DMTP3-2 Number and approximate location of test pit completed by
Dames & Moore. 1997.
0 100 200
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
HOLDEN MINE SITE
GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION D-D'
A DAME!3 d MOORE GROUP COMEANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

LEGEND
Bedrock
F
WEST
SOURCE: Northwest Geophysical Association, 1997, Seismic Line F-F:
Holden Mine Geophysical Investigation
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
F'.
EAST
0 100 200
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Figure 4.2-12
HOLDEN MINE SITE
GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION F-F'
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

NOTE: This cross section is generally parallel to ore body
and 1500 level ventilator tunnel
1500Level
Ventilator Portal
SOURCES: Northwest Geophysical Associates, 1997, Seismic Line A-A', 6-6: Holden Mine
Geophysical investigation.
Youngberg, E. A., Wlson, T: L., 1952, The ~ e o lof o the ~ Holden ~ Mine, Economic
Geology, V. 47, No. 1, 1952, pp. 1-1 2.
W.A.B., 1942. Detailed Surface Geology Map, Howe Sound Co., Chelan Division
E E., H.B.S., 1938, Geology of 1500 Level, Howe Sound Company Chelan Division
Howe Sound Co, 1957, Holden Mine, East West Section
DAMES & MOORE
A aAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
- 1% Grade for
Ventilator Tunnel
LEGEND
\
800 Level Portal
Backfilled stope
v7A Dike
Transform fault
. 700 Level Portal
550 Level Portal
Intersection with
Cross.Section 1-1'
I
r 300 Level Portal
0 500 1,000
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Approximate Groundwater
H-'
Figure 4.2-14.
HOLDEN MINE SITE
GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION H-H'
Holden Mine Riff S
Draft Final RI ~eport

G
NORTH
.- C
u
C
al
Alluvial rn
Reworked Till
LEGEND
FI Soil or Fill DMTP1 E-1 Number and approximate location of test pit
completed by Dames & Moore, 1997.
Alluvial Reworked Till
Bedrock
SOURCE: Northwest Geophysical Assodation, 1997, Seismic Line GG',
Hdden Mine Geophysical lnwstigation
DAMES & MOORE
A ~AMES a MOORE CROW COMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-00s-01 9
G'
SOUTH
0 100 200
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Figure 4.2-13
HOLDEN MINE SITE
GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION G-G'
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

Holden Mnes Seled Bonng Sm
ValuesframHart~
Boring 5, Sanple 20
A My5, Sanple21
0 Boring 8, Same 15
Hdden Mnes Estimated Sm Value
FrunDames&MooreTestPit
# Depth5FeetatSlopeToe
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMEs 6 Moo@ GROUP tOMPANy
Liquefaction Boundary Curves
for M =6.75 a = 0.18 g
475 Year Return Period
- Clean Sand
- - Sand ~ 115% fines
- - - - Silty Sand; fines >35%
A
Figure 4.2-16
HOLDEN MINE SITE EQUIVALENT
SPT AND LIQUEFACTION POTENTIAL
Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report .

File: g:/l7693005mA-4st.slp
Glacial Till
phi=40, c=200, UW=IlO
Ccmmtcd Taili
Horizontal Distance (ft)
-
-
______-------
-
Figure 4.2-1 7
HOLDEN MINE SITE SLOPE STABILITY
CROSS SECTION GC'
DAMES & MOORE STATIC CONDITIONS
A DAMEs a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIFS
Draft Final RI Report

3.28 -. Tailings Pile 3
3.2' Static Conditions
February 2, 1998
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Holden Mines FUIFS
File Name G:\ 17693005\T3A-2st.slp
o Minimum Factor of Safety = 1.096
3.23
- X
3.21
4
3.22
n
5 3.20
C
0 . 3.19
CI
.c,
a 3.18
-- ti 3.17
W
3.i6
3.15
3.14
Glaicial Till
phi40, ~~200, UW-140
, c=5O psf. UW-116 p
3.1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 . 1 1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1 10 120 130 140 1 SO 160 170 180 190 200 2 10 220 230 240 250 260 270 280
Horizontal Distance (fi)
Figure 4.2-18
HOLDEN MINE SITE SLOPE STABILITY
I CROSS SECTION D-D'
I nAMES & MOORE
STATIC CONDITIONS
Job NO. 17693-005-019
WES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

3.24
3.23
X 3.22
w
n 3.21
c .W 3.20
3.19
. 0 - ,
u 3.18
cd
> 3.17
P)
3.15 -
Tailings pile 2
Seismic Coefficient ("k") = 0.03
February 1,1999
Job No. 1 17693-005-0 1 9
Hdlden Mine RVFS Cemcntcd Taili
File: g:/l7693005TT2A-4sc.slp phi=37, c=250.
Minimum Factor of Safety = 0.979 .
Glacial Till
phi40, ~200. UW=140
Horizontal Distance (A)
phi=37. -50, uW- 1 16
_________--------
-
Figure 4.2-1 9
HOLDEN MINE SITE SLOPE STABILITY '
CROSS SECTION C-C'
DAMES & MOORE SEISMIC CONDITIONS
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Holden Mines RI@S
File Name G:\l7693005\T3A-2sc.slp
Minimum Factor of Safety = 1.034
Glsiclnl Till
phi-40. c-200. UW-140
3.1 11.-U-J 1 II-LJ-UJ~LI-.LI-.I--~~--L~L~~L.I~ 3.1 1
0 10 20 .30 10 SO 00 , 70 110 90 100 110 I20 130 140 IS0 I60 170 1110 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280
Horizontal Distance (A)
Figure 4.2-20
HOLDEN MINE SITE SLOPE STABILITY
CROSS SECTION D-D'
DAMES & MOORE SEISMIC CONDlTlONS
A DAMES h MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A aAMES & MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
TAILINGS .PILE. #2
Legend
Indicates approximate boundaries of stream reach
Moderately digh
High
erosion potential areas based on field observations Figure 4.2-21
HOLDEN MINE SITE EROSION POTENTIAL MAP
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

--
D.7 D. 8 D. 9 E.0
SOURCE: Base map inibrmation lrom USFS and
Washingon DNR, OEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COhuRW
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 4.2-21a
HOLDEN MINE AREAS OF NEAR-SURFACE MINE WORKINGS
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map inADrmatim from USFS and
Washingtm DNR, OEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
ADAMESaMOORECROUPCOMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
D.8
1
I
T1
0+9.7
HOLDEN MINE SUBSIDENCE
POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT
SCANLINE LOCATIONS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMS & MOORE
A DAMES 8 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Figure 4.2-21c
HOLDEN MINE SUBSIDENCE
POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT
SCANLBNE 1 - NE WALL STEREONET
Holden Mine RIIFS
Job No. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

Figure 4.2-21 d
HOLDEN MINE SUBSIDENCE
POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT
,/-.. DAMES & MOORE SCANLINE 1 - SW WALL STEREONET
i A DAMES 8 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
' Job NO. 17593-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

6 A
Figure 4.2-21e
HOLDEN MINE SUBSIDENCE
POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT
DAMES & MOORE SCANLBNE 3 - NE WALL STEREONET
DAMES&MOOREGROUPCOMPANY
job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RI/FS
Draft Final RI Report

* r-
Job
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 8 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
No 17693-005-01 9
Figure 4.2-21 f
HOLDEN MINE SUBSIDENCE
POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT
SCANLONE 3 - SW WALL STEREONET
-
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

'I- -
DAMES MOORE
' A DAMES 8 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
LEGEND EXAMPLE
DAMES R noone
-.-
.joint
- £*It
: s t ~r a*
'. dyke
- OTHERS
EounL AREn
LRR. HEMISPHERE
4 POLES
4 ENTRIES
LUR. HEHISPHERI
NO Bins
CORRECT ION.
Figure 4.2-219
HOLDEN MINE SUBSIDENCE
POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT
STEREOGRAPHIC PROJECTION LEGEND
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Golder and Associates, 1990
YLAIPmn man PAm GOQO YeRTG?OD
I I
SOUTH AFRICAM VlUlCL FOR XENTIFK: AlO LWUS1.U RLSEAKH
CE0MECHANK;S UASSbtCATION
. .
$ =L[L- t (1 + USXI 4.4 cony)
Figure 4.2-21 h
CRITICAL EMPIRICAL SPAN/THICKNESS
DAMES & MOORE FOR SLDRFAC[E CROWN PILLARS
A DAMES 8 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
~ob No. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
TAILINGS PILE #2
Figure 4.2-24
HOLDEN MINE SITE RIP-RAP CONDITION MAP
A OAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9

SOURCE: Base nmp inlbnaficxl from USFS and
Whirrgton DNR, OEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
Figure 4.2-25
HOLDEN MINE SITE
POTENTIAL BORROW SOURCE AREAS MAP
A ~ ~ ~ G R O W ~ Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

I + Stehekin River I
I + Entiat River I
1 +Railroad Creek I
Source: USGS, 1997. Figure 4.3-1
DAMES & MOORE
A aAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
AVERAGE MONTHLY FLOW PER UNIT AREA OF WATERSHED
RAILROAD CREEK, STEHEKIN RIVER AND ENTIAT RIVER, 1997
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Wters et al., 1992 0 2.5
5
USGS C3elan Ovadrangle, 1973 P
Approximate Scale in Miles
DMES & MOORE
I
Figure 4.3-2
RAILROAD CREEK WATERSHED
A~AME~~M~~RECROUPC~MPANV Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 4.3-3d
APPROXIMATE EXTENT OF EXPOSED FERRICRETE IN RAILROAD CREEK
Holden Mine RIJFS
Drafl Final RI Report

D. 7 0.8
SOURCES: Base map informafia? frrnn USFS and Washington DNR OEM CD ROM
USBM (unpublished), 1994
Dames 8 Moore RI. 1997
E.0 E.l E.2 E.3 E.4 E.5
U.S. B. M., 1994, unwished map p mvi~
DAMES & MOORE
AaAMES6MOOREUU)WOOMPANy
Figure 4.3-3c
by Robert ~ d i t , APPROXIMATE EXTENT OF INTERSTITIAL
IRON OXIDE PRECIPITATE IN RAILROAD CREEK
/
Holden Mine Riff S
Draft Final RI Report

'
-
DAMES & MOORE
A OAMES 6 MooRE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
SOURCES: Base map inlbrmatim horn USFS and
~ashington DNR, OEM CD ROM.
Relocation of Railroad Creek based on
~o. map dated 1937.
owe ~aund
HOLDEN MINE SITE MAP
RAILROAD CREEK CHANNEL - 1937
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map inlbrmatim lrom USFS and
Wshingttn~ DNR, OEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A L X M € S b M O O R E ~ ~
Job No. 17693-005-019
Figure 4.3-3
STREAM FLOW AND WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS - SITE
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

i SOURCE: Walters eta/.. 1992
. , . . . . . . USGS . . . . Chelq.~d+ngIef..l9~
. . . . .
............................................................ ........................................................... ............................................................. ........................................................... ........................................................... ...........................................................
, , , ~ ~ ~ , ~ ~ , ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ , ~ , , , ~ , ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
i ................ - ..................................... .....;..
A B C D E ' F G H I
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROW COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 4.3-3
STREAMFLOW AND WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS - RAILROAD CREEK
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

0.00
I I I I I I
April May June July August September Oct.
Date
Figure 4.3-4
RC-4 DAILY AVERAGE-FLOW
DAMES & MOORE FOR APRILTHROUGH OCTOBER 1997
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: RC-4 discharge data from Dames & Moore transducer
precipitation data fmm Hdden Village (see Appendix H)
Date
Figure 4.3-4a
RC-4 DAILY AVERAGE FLOW FOR
DAMES & MOORE APRILTHROUGH OCTOBER 1998
A DAMES & MWRE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6. MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Date
Figure 4.3-5
STEHEKIN RIVER DAILY HYDROGRAPH
FOR APRIL 1 THROUGH NOVEMBER 1,1997
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

3/3/98 4/22/98
Date
Figure 4.3-7a
DISCHARGE VS.TIME, PORTAL DRAINAGE
DAMES & MOORE OCTOBER 1997 THROUGH OCTOBER 1998
A DAMES 6. MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RI/FS
J O NO. ~ 17693-00s-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

1.80 -
1 ..
--.-
-- 0.9
1.60 - !
Portal drainage discharge
i based on transducer data
+
.
Precipitation (inches) -- 0.8
1.40- '1 !.
!. t ;*
.
--
I
0.7
CI
U)
-. 0.6 - g
0
S 1.00 . 1, .- s
Y
Y
a8 1
- 0.5 ,E w
P *I
r a .- w
0.80 -
.- a
a -- 0.4
0.60 -
0.40 - ..
I
. --
ha 1
88.
~II.,
. .
. 8.1@)
¤ % . "8*o**~~a@~~~****~a.~Ia~I~.~,~I.~~~oa.
m
. . .+, , , , , , , , , , 8 ! 3 3 1 I I I I n !
0.00 0
1 t 1 1 :
0.20 - rn '8ao8@aoba, @~@a***a~~~~oo~h -- 0.1
- 1
-- 0.3
0.2
17693844 CDR
Date
SOURCE: Pbrtal drainage discharge data from Dames & Moore transducer
Precipitation data from Holden Vilage (see Appendix H)
Figure 4.3-7b
PORTAL DISCHARGE VS. PRECIPITATION
DAMES & MOORE MAY 1998 THROUGH OCTOBER 1998
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
~ob NO. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

LEGEND
SP14
Seep sample location
P-1 Portal sample location
RC1 Railroad Creek sample location ,
Approximate surface water flow path
0 700 1,400
Approximate Scale in Feet

Note: No data available for June 1997
Date
Figure 4.3-9a
HOLDEN VILLAGE PRECIPITATION RECORD
DAMES & MOORE MAY THROUGH OCTOBER 1997
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final R1 Report

SOURCE: Base map information frwn USFS and
Washington DNR, OEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 4.3-10
SEPTEMBER 1998 BASEFLOW SURVEY - RC-6 TO RC-4
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

: g ;
. - . ....
. -._. ........ . _ -
. . .
. .-. .... .
-- .. .. .- L ~ L a a c
0.7 0.8
SOURCE: Base map inlbrmatian from USFS and
mngton DNR. DEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
g g g
0.9 E.0 E.l
w Q i.
A a 0 600 1,200
0
Scale in Feet
BB. LB. BL Completed with batt instrumentation
Figure 4.4-1
SITE HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION LOCATIONS
A DAh4ES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

LEGEND
..-.-.-.-.- Freewater surface
("Em series)
(Screened in tailings)
.-----
Potentiometric
surface ("A" series)
(Screened in native
material)
NOTE:
Well PZ-GA screened in tailings. 7
El AllwiunYreworked till
Bedrock
0 100 200
I
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Figure 4.4-3
INTERPRETIVE HYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION
TAILINGS PILE #3 ALONG GEOPHYSICS CROSS SECTION D-D'
DAMES & MOORE INCLUDING MAY 1997 WATER LEVELS
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9 -
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

LEGEND
..-.-.-.-.- Freewater surface
("B" series)
(Screened in tailings)
.----mi
Tailings
I< .. I
1, 4 Allwiumlreworked till
Potentiometric
surface ("A" series)
(Screened in native
material)
0 ,.
,:.:.K.:.: .>,.>,.....,.,
1-1 . . . ......... . . . . . ......... . . . .
Dense fill
CollMum - tailings ,
Bedrock
0 100. 200
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Figure 4.4-4
INTERPRETIVE HYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION
TAILINGS PILE #2 ALONG GEOPHYSICS CROSS SECTION CC'
DAMES & MOORE INCLUDING SEPTEMBER 1997 WATER LEVELS
A aAMES 6 MOORE GROW COMPANY .
Holden Mine RVFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

LEGEND
..-.-.-.-.- Freewater surface
("6" series)
(Screened in tailings)
.-----
Potentiometric
surface ("A" series)
(Screened in native
material)
NOTE:
Well PZ-GA screened in tailings.
1 Tailings
LT] collwiurn
1-4 Alluviudreworked till
J ail
0 ,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. .
. . . . . ... . . .............. , ..... :.-. ..... . ..... . , , .:. . . . . ,.. . . :.: . . . . . . :. . Dense 611
collwium -tailings
Bedrodc
PZ-58 PZ-5A PZ-48 PZ-4A
0 100 200
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Figure 4.4-5
INTERPRETIVE HYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION
TAILINGS PILE #3 ALONG GEOPHYSICS CROSS SECTION D-D'
DAMES & MOORE INCLUDING SEPTEMBER 1997 WATER LEVELS
A aAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COhiRWy
Job NO. 17693-005-019
0 . 0 - 0 - 0 .
Holden Mine RIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map inlbrmation from USFS and
Washington DNR, OEM CD ROM
I
DAMES & MOORE
ADAMES4MM)REGROWCOMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-019
Figure 4.4-6
WATER LEVELS IN SITE WELLS
Scale in Feet COMPLETED IN NATIVE MATERIALS MAY 1997
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Wr@ort DNR OEM CD ROM
Finure 4.4-8
WATER LEVELS IN SITE WELLS
DAMES & MOORE COMPLETED IN NATIVE MATERIALS JULY 1997
A DAMES 6 MOORE CROUP OOMPANy
~ob NO. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

'
D. 7 . 0.8 D. 9 E.0 E. 1 E.2 E.3 E.4 E.5
SOURCE: Base map informaban from USFS and
Mngtw, DNR, OEM CD RUM
WATER LEVELS IN SITE WELLS
DAMES & MOORE COMPLETED IN NATIVE MATERIALS SEPTEMBER 1997
A aAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RllFS
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report
Figure 4.4.9

'
SOURCE: Base map inlbrmatim from USFS and
Whingran DNR. OEM CD ROM
I
A aAMES 6 MOORE GROW COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 4.4-11
WATER LEVELS IN SITE WELLS
DAMES & MOORE COMPLETED IN TAILINGS SEPTEMBER 1997
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

C
0
%
iil
f
3192 -
3190 -
3188
3186
3184
c 3182 --
a
8
3180
3178 --
3176
n.. .-- - &
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
3174
4120197 511 0197 5130197 6/19/97 7/9/97
Date
7/29/97 811 8/97 9/7/97
A - a -
-1
*mu o m-nr u r w u v w r n s -
-
-
-
I - -
I
Figure 4.4-1 3
GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS
F PZ-3 LOCATION
1
9/27/97
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

3200
3195 --
3190 -.
3185 .-
3180 . .
3175 --
3170 --
3165 --
3160 -.
3155 7
4120197 511 0197 5130197 611 9/97 719197
Date
A
Figure 4.4-14
GROUNDWATER ELEVATIONS
DAMES & MOORE PZ-4 LOCATION
A DAMES 6. MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
I
7/29/97 811 8/97 9/7/97
A
3
9/27/97
Draft Final RI Report

, -.I
p./
,/' i
i .\
i
i
i
-.-.
i '.-.
.- -.--. --.' i ,J
i
.,.I i
i
i
i
i Creek 7
i
\. '. . '.
1
r--
Wilderness
i
i
i
i -.
\ .-.
i L.
r '.-. -.
'\ \. 1
\
.\
i
'.
i i'
i
,*-.-.-I
i
r-
i
i
'-1
i
Refer to Figure 4.6-1 for
2. '. '.
' .-.-.-.-.-.'
.'.\.
'.
1
i. '.
\.
\.
\. '.
'.
'i..
i -. '.
'.-. -.
\. '.
'--.-. 2. -. -.-. -. '.
A
5

Approximate Scale in Feet
SITESPECIFIC WATER BALANCE SCHEMATIC OF FLOW-PATHS
DAMES & MOORE SEPTEMBER 1997
A DMm a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

~ob NO. 1769300~019
Infiltration
to Groundwater
------------
I
Base of
Tailings Pile 3
........................ -1
,
- Infiltration I
to Groundwater
I
I
I
Ditch Diverts
I
f
uCleanwWater \
- - , ,
1
*
Abandoned
Channel
Intermittent
Seep (SP-4)
4
1
.
........................
-3
t ........................ -I
Flow
w SP-21
Direct Precipitation overland
Flow
v 1
Tailings - Pile 3
Overland
Flow
w
Ditch Diverts
Tailings Pile A
I
I I surface Water I
Figure 4.4-20d
Draft Final RI Report

v v 1 f *
Y
Railroad Creek
Apparent Gaining Condition
Year Round

Overland
. Flow Areawest
of Site
Overland I
ObWfandRmv F
/ma, ( r n d BehXk)
I-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
_______________-___-----------------------------------------------------------
I
I
mtratim
Seep SP-26
; * ( myear and)
F
lnfihtim
Reworked Till
1500 Level
)
Ventilator Fbrtal
G r
Abandoned
Groundwater I
) Retention Pand
Containing Tailings (A1RT)
t--------------------------------------------------------------
I--------------------------------------+
#
Intermittent M
Waste Rodc Rles
(800and 1100
Level)
L
T
Gmndmter
(rn .
lntemrttent
(SP-12 8 23)
I
I
Gladal Till Caver
T
Ferched Water
(1 100 Levd Mine)
I I I
Failed Portal
(*P A-1
Waste Rodc Pile
(See Figure 4.2-6)
Mineralized
Bedrodc Fractures ---+ Mine
Water Runon and
Direct Precipitation
-
Drainage
Infihtim and Joints b P-5
#
I '
Growhater (Loss
and Joints ................................
-
Mand
&rland Ovedand
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DAMES & MOORE
Figure 4.4-20a
HONEYMOON HEIGHTS AND MINE SUPPORT AREAS
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORT PATHWAYS
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RVFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A aAMEs h MOORE CROUP COMPANY
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9
0 700 1,400
Approximate Scale in Feet
SITESPECIFIC WATER BALANCE SCHEMATIC OF FLOW-PATHS
MAYIJUNE 1997
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

'
SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR. DEM CD ROM
-
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE CROUP COMPANY
I Figure 4.4-19
SEPTEMBER 1998 BASEFLOW SURVEY - RC-6T0 RC-4
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

'
SOURCE: Base map inlbrmatiw, from USFS and
W n g t DNR, ~ ~ OEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
AWcLMOORECROWCOMW
Figure 4.4-17
FLOW NET FOR SITE WELLS
COMPLETED IN NATIVE MATERIALS SEPTEMBER 1997
Holden Mine RVFS
~ob NO. 17693-005-019 Draft Final RI Report

D. 9 E.0 E.2
E.3 E.4
0.7
SOURCE: Base map informatim hwn USFS and
D.8
Mngtm D m DEM CD ROM
I DAMES & MOORE
Figure 4.4-16
E.5
FLOW NET FOR SITE WELLS
COMPLETED IN TAILINGS MAY 1997
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP a)MPANY Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report
Job NO. 17693-005-019

SOURCE: Base map informalion from USFS and
WaShitIgt~ DNR OEM CD ROM Figure 4.4-1 5
FLOW NET FOR SITE WELLS
DAMES & MOORE COMPLETED IN NATIVE MATERIALS MAY 1997
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RlFS
Draft Final RI Report

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REPLICATE RESULTS '
DAMES & MOORE (NUMBER OF ORGANISMSI~~)
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
.
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

@
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMEs 6 MOORE GROUP WAN)'
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 4.6-4
HOLDEN MINE
CUlTHROAT LENGTH FREQUENCY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DRAFT FINAL
Remedial Investigation Report
Holden Mine. Site
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES &MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Volume 1 B - Report
prepared for
Alumet, Inc.
' prepared by
Dames & Moore
Seattle, Washington
July 28, 1999

5.0 NATURE AND EXTENT OF CONTAMINATION
This section discusses the nature and extent of contamination identified in the surface water of Railroad
Creek, Copper Creek, and associated tributaries, groundwater in the mine-affected area. soil in Holden
Village and maintenance yard areas, sediment in Railroad Creek and Lake Chelan. and other media
associated with the Site. The discussion is based on analytical results collected historically from previous
investigations at the Site and data collected during the RI conducted in 1997 and 1998. Included in ,this
section are field measurements and laboratory analytical data collected in accordance with the approved
draft RI Work Plan, SAPS, and QAPPs for the RI as presented in Section 1 .O. Issues that were identified
during data validation reviews that resulted in data qualification affecting data interpretation are
incorporated in the analytical discussions for each media.
5.1 BACKGROUND AND CHEMICAL SPECIFIC ARARS AND TBCS
Background conditions were assessed for Site media where feasible to assess chemical constituents that
exist in the area but are not related to mining activities at the Site. Assessment of background conditions
included the collection and analysis of samples from areas in and near the Railroad Creek drainage where
mining activities by Howe Sound Company are believed not too have occurred. Statistical analyses of the
data were performed using the statistical methods established under MTCA and associated other
published statistical guidance. The MTCA statistical methods utilized adequately address background
conditions assessed under CERCLA. The establishment of cleanup levels under MTCA considers Site-
specific characteristics under certain circumstances. Site-specific cleanup levels may be established
based on background concentrations of compounds of concern (COCs) at a site provided that adequate
data are available to appropriately calculate background concentrations as specified in the Washington
Administrative Code (WAC) 173-340-708(11).
Two types of background are defined by MTCA. Natural background is defined as the concentration of
hazardous substances consistently present in the environment which has not been influenced by localized
human activities. Area background is defined as the concentration of hazardous substances that are
consistently in the environment in the vicinity of the Site which are the result of human activities
unrelated to releases on the Site. Natural background was not evaluated due to the physical
characteristics of the Site and historical prospecting and mining-related activities that have occurred in the
area unrelated to the Howe Sound Company and the Holden Mine. Area background was assessed for
media where feasible.
Site data were compared to background constituent levels to assess if Site-specific sample concentrations
are above area background values. A preliminiuy list bf chemical specific Applicable or Relevant and
Appropriate Requirements (ARARs) and To Be Considered (TBC) numerical chemical guidance for surface
water, groundwater, soil, and sediment are presented and discussed and are for identifying potential
compounds of concern (PCOCs) for the Site. The PCOCs identified are further evaluated in the ecological
and human health risk assessments.
The intent of this section is to present and compare available background data and chemical-specific
ARARs and TBC,guidance for compounds identified in surface water, groundwater, soil, and sediment. A
more detailed discussion of ARARs and TBC values will be provided in the Remedial Action Objectives
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17693-005-019Uuly 28.1999;11:09 AMDRAFT FMAL R1 REPORT

(RAOs) section of the Feasibility Study. This section is not intended to substitute or replace discussion on
establishing RAOs at the Site, which are established as cleanup goals for protection of human health and the
environment. The purpose of the comparison is to focus the discussion of laboratory results on specific
areas related to the Site where background influences are considered and where chemicals occur at
concentrations that are above background and preliminary chemical-specific ARARs. The background data
and chemical-specific ARARs used in the evaluation of each media are provided in the following sections.
5.1.1 Soil
Soil samples were collected in the fall of 1998 from the Railroad Creek drainage generally upvalley of
mining activities associated with the Holden Mine Site to assess area background metal concentrations.
These data are discussed in Section 5.2. Site data were compared to area background concentrations as an
initial step in the assessment of PCOCs.
Published background soil data for the Yakima Basin (Ecology, 1994) is also available for comparison to
Site data, where constituent background levels are not available. The MTCA (WAC 173-340) cleanup
levels were also used for comparison. The preliminary chemical specific ARARs and TBCs for soils are
shown in Table 5.1 - 1 and include:
Railroad Creek drainage area background values
• Background values for the Yakima Basin published by Ecology
• MTCA Method A and Method B soil cleanup levels, where available
MTCA establishes procedures for calculating cleanup levels at sites where releases of hazardous substances
pose a threat to human health or the environment. MTCA Method A involves comparing measured
compound of concern concentrations to cleanup standards developed for a limited number of compounds.
Method A is intended to provide protective cleanup levels at sites undergoing routine actions or for sites
with a limited number of compounds of potential concern. Method A values derived by Ecology were
based on considerations of technical feasibility and aesthetics, as well as other considerations, and are not
strictly based on toxicological properties. The Interim Interpretive and Policy Statement for total petroleum
hydrocarbons (TPH) published by Ecology in 1997 allows the calculation of revised W H cleanup levels
that are site-specific and protective of groundwater and human health.
MTCA Method B presents cleanup levels for individual compounds of potential concern using applicable
state and. federal laws or algorithms as specified in WAC 173-340-720 through 173-340-750. For
remediation of potentially carcinogenic substances, cleanup levels are based on the upper bound of the
estimated excess lifetime cancer risk of 1 .OE-06. For individual non-carcinogenic substances, cleanup
levels are set at concentrations which are expected to result in no acute or chronic toxic effects to human
health or the environment. Calculated cleanup levels are based on the most recent available reference doses
and carcinogenic potency factors, in addition to standardization exposure parameters established by
Ecology.
Site soil was initially compared to area background levels. If the concentration was above background, the
data were then compared to MTCA Method A if available. Where MTCA Method A levels were
unavailable, Method B levels were used.
\V)M-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATAUH)~PORTSWOLDEN-XRN-O.doc 5-2 DAMES
& MOORE
17693-005-0 19Uuly 28.1999;11:09 AMDRAFT FINAL. RI REPORT

Area background values for arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, and zinc are above the Yakima
Basin background values published by Ecology. Additionally, area background arsenic and cadmium levels
are above MTCA Method B and MTCA Method A cleanup levels, respectively.
5.1.2 Surface Water
The assessment of background surface water quality conditions for Railroad Creek is complex due to the
presence of a number of tributaries that enter Railroad Creek upstream and downstream of the Site.
Additionally, historic prospecting and mine activities in the area unrelated to the Howe Sound Company
and the Holden Mine preclude the assessment of natural background as defined under MTCA. Area
background related to Railroad Creek was evaluated by collecting water quality data from Railroad Creek
and various tributaries upstream and downstream of the Site and from creeks located in the Stehekin
valley that have similar characteristics to Railroad Creek.
The specific sampling locations are further described in Section 5.3. Area background data were compared
to federal freshwater acute and chronic water quality criteria (AWQC and CWQC, respectively) specified in
40 CFR Part 131.36 and Washington State freshwater criteria (WAC 173-201A) to assess if background
metal concentrations were above the criteria. Site data collected fiom reaches that appeared to be influenced
by the Site were then compared to the background data and the ARARs described below.
Table 5.1- 1 presents preliminary ARARs and TBCs for surface water. The table includes:
Area background surface water concentrations
Washington State freshwater acutelchronic criteria as described in WAC 1 73-20 1 A
Federal freshwater acutelchronic criteria as described in 40 CFR Part 13 1.36
MTCA Method B Surface Water Cleanup Levels. CLARCII update, February 1996
The federal freshwater AWQC and CWQC focus specifically on the protection of aquatic life.
Freshwater AWQC and CWQC are established for arsenic. cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and
zinc and are based on dissolved concentrations. The AWQC and CWQC for selenium are based on total
recoverable concentrations. The AWQC for mercury is based on dissolved concentrations, however the
CWQC is based on total recoverable concentrations. Only an AWQC (no CWQC) is established'for
silver and is based on dissolved concentrations. The criteria for cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel,
silver, and zinc are corrected for water hardness.
The State of Washington criteria for surface water generally adopted the federal criteria; however, actual
hardness values for metal-specific criteria calculations are used as compared to the use of 25 ppm
minimum hardness for federal criteria where actual hardness measurements are less than 25 ppm. The
comparison of Site surface water data to the AWQC and CWQC is considered to be a conservative
assessment as the AWQC is based on short-term exposure of 1-hour average and the CWQC is based on a
4-day average.
In addition to the metals discussed above, criteria for beryllium and iron are specified in WAC 173-201A
by reference to an EPA document "Quality Criteria for Water, 1986." As with the metals criteria
specifically ide,ntified in WAC 173-201A, the criteria specified for beryllium and iron is derived primarily
for the protection of aquatic life.
\WM~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATA\OOSREPORTSWOLD-2 5-3 DAMES & MOORE
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Also included in WAC 173-201A are parameters that are not metals but which are measured and assessed
in surface water bodies. These include chloride. cyanide, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, and
turbidity. Site data were compared to the criteria for these parameters as well as the WQC for metals.
Freshwater AWQC and CWQC have not been established for other metals including: aluminum, barium.
calcium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, potassium, sodium, thallium, and uranium. Calcium.
magnesium, potassium, and sodium are considered nutrient metals and were not considered as part of the
PCOC evaluation. Area background metal concentrations for the remaining metals were used to assess
downstream Railroad Creek surface water concentrations of these metals. '
MTCA Method B surface water levels are also available and are derived for protection of human health
rather than the protection of aquatic life. In general, metal concentrations for aquatic life criteria are more
conservative than the MTCA criteria; therefore, the MTCA Method B levels were considered further for
PCOC assessment only for those metals where aquatic life criteria were not available. Evaluation of the
MTCA Method B levels are addressed in the human health risk assessment in Section 7.0.
5.1.3 Groundwater
Groundwater in and around the Site is not used as a source of potable water. The Holden Village
community water source is supplied by Copper Creek upgradient of Holden Mine-related mining
influences. The use of groundwater beneath the tailings as a potable source is not anticipated in the future
due to readily available surface water in Copper Creek as a potable water supply source. Currently, in the
Railroad Creek drainage, the use of groundwater as a potable water supply is limited to Lucerne at the
mouth of Railroad Creek.
It was not possible to fully assess representative background groundwater quality at the Site due to the
complex hydrogeologic conditions and physical characteristics of the area. Groundwater occurs in both
bedrock and the overlying glacial soil and alluvium. Groundwater was collected from wells and seeps
located outside of the observed influence of the Holden Mine and believed to be representative of
background groundwater quality. The majority of groundwater data collected was from wells and seeps
located directly within the influence of the Holden Mine andlor in direct contact with tailings material.
Background water quality and Site data are discussed in Section 5.4.
Groundwater quality data were compared to MTCA Method A and Method B groundwater cleanup levels
(Table 5.1-1). Groundwater collected at Lucerne was also compared to EPA maximum and secondary
MCLs. Additionally, groundwater data were compared to conventional and field parameter criteria
specified in Washington State groundwater standards (WAC 173-200) for nitrate, chloride, sulfate, total
dissolved solids, pH, and color.
5.1.4 Sediment
Limited background sediment data from 1994 is available upstream of the Site in Railroad Creek and in
Holden Creek (USGS, 1994). Sediment samples were collected during the RI from the Lucerne Bar in Lake
Chelan and from a reference location in Stehekin. Additionally, solid samples not characteristic of
sediments were collected at the Site during the RI and historically. These matrices included flocculent,
ferricrete, portal film, and concentrate.
\\DM~SUI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATA\00~RTSWOLDM-2W-O.da 5-4
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I
There are no promulgated federal or State of Washington regulations regarding freshwater sediment
chemical criteria or criteria related to other accumulated solid materials. In 1997, Ecology published a
guidance document, "Creation and Analysis of Freshwater Sediment Quality Values in Washington State,"
which provides guidance information on possible sediment threshold levels and suggests "possible"
proposed guidelines (Ecology, 1997). The Ecology Freshwater Sediment Quality Values (FSQVs) are
provided in Table 5.1-1. The only current regulatory citation for freshwater sediments is specified in WAC
173-204 Section 340 for freshwater sediment quality standards and states "the department shall determine
on a case-by-case basis the criteria, methods, and procedures necessary to meet the intent of this chapter."
Currently, proposed changes are under review regarding this regulation but have not been promulgated.
Guidelines for freshwater sediments have been developed by Long & Morgan (1990, 1995) and the
Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCMI, 1991) and are considered TBCs that may also be
used for comparison; however, these guidelines are not further discussed in this section. It is understood
that these guidance have limitations ind uncertainties associated with them. The FSQVs available for
comparison to historical and RI sediment data are considered to be preliminary as the "possible" guidance
levels do not reflect Site-specific conditions.
5.2 SOIL
Surface soil samples were collected during the RI from locations throughout the Railroad Creek drainage
and in Holden Village, the baseball field near Winston home sites, the maintenance yard, the lagoon area,
the surfaces of the three tailings piles, and downwind of the Site area for windblown tailings. Subsurface
soil samples were collected from the maintenance yard, the lagoon area, and the tailings piles.
Samples were analyzed for metals (aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium,
copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silver, sodium, thallium,
uranium, and zinc). Samples collected in the maintenance yard and the lagoon area were also analyzed for
total petroleum hydrocarbons and PCBs. The samples were submitted for analyses to Analytical Resources
Incorporated (AM) in Seattle, Washington.
The following sections discuss the data collected during the RI for each of the geographic locations, as well
as historical data reported by the USBM and USGS. The historical data are assumed to be of adequate
quality to include in the RI for comparative purposes and for evaluating PCOCs except where noted.
Sampling procedures and analytical methodology used hi&orically may differ from procedures and methods
used during the RI. These differences may result in data that are inappropriate or not beneficial to use for
Site assessment due to increased detection limits, different sample locations, and different analytical
parameters. Where appropriate, historical data are discussed with the RI data. RI and historical sample
locations are shown on Figures 5.2-1 through 5.2-5. Analytical data are summarized in Tables 5.2-1
through 5.2-5. A summary of the PCOCs identified in the soil matrix at the Site is provided in Table 5.2-6.
5.2.1 Background
Area background was statistically calculated from analytical data collected for this purpose. The Site
sample data were compared initially to the area background values.
5-5
\U)M~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATAUN)~PORTS\HOLDM-~W~.~DS
17693405-019Uuly 28.1999;11:09 AM;DW\FT FINAL RI REWRT

MTCA defines the methods and describes the criteria for determining background concentrations (WAC
173-340-708). A total of 20 simples are required to define area background and were collected from
areas that appeared not to have been influenced by releases from Howe sound Company or Site activities.
Two surface soil samples (DMSS-26 and DMSS-27) were collected in 1997 west of the Wilderness Area
boundary to preliminarily evaluate background concentrations. The sample locations are shown in Figure
5.2- 1 and the data are summarized in Table 5.2- 1. Additional historic information was discovered during
the RI that indicated that road building activities utilizing waste rock materials may have occurred at or
near these sample locations prior to the establishment of the Glacier Peak Wilderness, precluding these
data from background evaluation.
Area background metal concentrations were calculated from sample data collected in the fall of 1998.
Twenty samples were collected within the Railroad Creek watershed but outside of areas suspected to be
affected by mine activities associated with the Howe Sound Company and the Holden Mine. The
analytical data are summarized in Table 5.2-2. The sample locations are shown on Figure 5.2-2.
The results of the 20 area background samples collected. in 1998 were statistically analyzed. Samples
DMSS-26 and DMSS-27 were not included in the statistical calculations due to potential affects in terms
of the reported use of waste rock for road construction at these locations. Statistical calculation methods
to determine background concentrations are outlined in WAC 173-340-708(11) and in Ecology's
statistical guidance (1992). The statistical guidance and Ecology's MTCAStat program were used to
perform the analyses. The MTCAStat program is recommended for background and site cleanup
calculations. The background module of the MTCAStat program was used to determine the distribution
of data. Based on the data distribution, the 90th percentile, mean, standard deviation, median, minimum.
and maximum were calculated. The results of the statistical analysis are summarized with the data in
Table 5.2-2.
The 90th percentile value is a default value for the MTCAStat background evaluation. A 90th percentile
was calculated for all of the metals evaluated. Generally, distribution was lognormal or normal. There
were some data sets that were distribution free (non-parametric). These included arsenic, beryllium,
calcium, chromium, lead, molybdenum, nickel, silver, and thallium. The non-parametric distribution
generally results 'from data sets that include a wide range of detected concentrations or data sets with
concentrations that are similar and whose distribution tend to bunch rather than spread.
The calculated area background values (90th percentile) were compared to the Yakima Basin published
background values (Ecology) where available. Area background values for aluminum, beryllium,
chromium, iron, and nickel were below Yakima Basin values. Arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead,
manganese, and zinc were above Yakima Basin values. Higher concentrations of copper and zinc in
native soil'in the area are consistent with the natural mineralization in the Railroad Creek valley. Area
background values were also compared to MTCA Methods A and B cleanup levels. Background values
were below the cleanup levels with the exception of arsenic and cadmium which were above MTCA
Method B and MTCA Method A cleanup levels, respectively.
Site data were compared to the area background concentrations. For purposes of this discussion, "above
background" refers to the statistically calculated area background. Per MTCA (Chapter 173-303-740), if
background concentrations are used as cleanup levels, no single sample concentration in a data set may be
\U)M-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMW~WDATAU)OS\REPORTSWOLDEN-~UUU~.~OC
5-6
17693-005-019~uly '28.1999;11:09 AMSRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

greater than two times the 90' percentile value (background) and less than ten percent of the sample
concentrations may be above the 90' percentile value in a data set. PCOCs were identified where metal
concentrations were (1) greater than 2 times background, or (2) more than 10% of the sample
concentrations in a data set were above background, and (3) concentrations were above MTCA Method A
cleanup levels or MTCA Method B cleanup levels if Method A levels were not available. Exceptions to
the PCOC assessment were cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium), aluminum, and iron as
there are no available cleanup levels provided for these metals. Calcium, magnesium, potassium, and
sodium are considered nutrient metals and were not considered as PCOCs. lron and aluminum were
considered PCOCs if the results were above background as noted above.
5.2.2 Holden Village
5.2.2.1 Historical Soil Samples
Seven surficial soil samples (HV-IA, HV-2A, HV-3A, HV4A, HV-5A, HV-6A, HV-7) were collected in
1994 by the USBM in Holden Village. One surface soil sample (HW-1 A) was collected in the area near the
current USFS guard station west of Holden Village. Sample locations are shown in Figure 5.2-3 and the
data are provided in Table 5.2-3.
Concentrations of aluminum, beryllium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, mercury, nickel. silver, and zinc
were above background levels in several samples, however with the exception of beryllium, all were
below MTCA cleanup levels. Beryllium concentrations were slightly above background (0.2 mgkg) and
the MTCA Method B level (0.23 m ag) in samples HV-4A (0.32 mgkg) and HV-6A (0.29 mgkg). lron
concentrations above background (24,100 mgkg) ranged from 26,200 to 28,400 mgkg and were detected
in samples HW-lA, HV-3A, HV-4A, and HV-6A. Aluminum concentrations ranged from 21,400 mgkg
to 25,100 mgkg and were above background (20.900 mgkg) in samples HV-]A, HV-3A, HV4A, and
HV-6A.
Sample HW-1A contained arsenic (25.2 mgkg) above background and the MTCA Method A (20 mgkg)
level.
5.2.2.2 RI ~ 6i1 Samples
Seven surficial soil samples (DMSS-1, DMSS-2, DMSS-3, DMSS-4, DMSS-5, DMSS-6, DMSS-7) and a
field duplicate (DMSS-6X) were collected in September 1997 in and around Holden Village. The
samples were analyzed for metals. Sample locations are shown in Figure 5.2-1 and analytical data are
summarized in Table 5.2- 1.
Concentrations of aluminum, barium, beryllium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, molybdenum, nickel,
silver, and zinc were detected in one or more samples above background concentrations. However, with
the exception of beryllium, the concentrations were below MTCA levels. Beryllium concentrations were
slightly above background (0.2 mgkg) and the MTCA Method B level (0.23 mg/kg) in samples DMSS-1
(0.3 mg~kg), DMSS-3 (0.3 mgkg), DMSS-6 (0.3 mgkg), and DMSS-6X (0.3 mg/kg). Iron
concentrations above background (24,100 mgkg) ranged from 24,600 to 29,600 mgkg and were detected
in samples DMSS-2, DMSS-3, DMSS-4, DMSS-5, DMSS-6, and DMSS-6X. Aluminum was above
background (20,900 mgkg) in samples DMSS-3, DMSS-6, and DMSS-6X and ranged from 23,500
1 m@g to26.300 m@g.
\WM~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTSWOLDEN-2WU-O 5-7
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The historical data for samples collected in Holden Village were compared to the data collected during the
RI. The soil samples collected in 1994 were not analyzed for molybdenum and uranium, and mercury and
selenium were not analyzed in 1997; therefore, comparisons were not performed for these metals. The
analytical data for the comparable list of analytes were well within an order of magnitude.
The PCOCs in soil in Holden Village appear to be: arsenic at historical location HW-1A; beryllium at
historical locations HV-4A and'HV-6~, and RI locations DMSS-1, DMSS-3, and DMSS-6; and iron at
historical locations HW-IA, HV-3A, HV-4A, HV-6A and RI locations DMSS-2, DMSS-3, DMSS-4,
DMSS-5, and DMSS-6; and aluminum at historical locations HV-lA, HV-3A, HV-4A; HV-6A and RI
locations DMSS-3 and DMSS-6.
5.2.3 Baseball Field
One surficial soil sample (DMSS-25) was collected from within the baseball field area in October 1997
(Figure 5.2-1). Analytical results are summarized in Table 5.2-1. Copper (63 mgkg) and 'iron (26,600
mgkg) were detected above background (57.4 mgkg and 24,100 mgkg, respectively). The
concentration of silver (0.5 mgkg) in the sample was equal to background. Copper and silver were below
the MTCA Method B levels (2,960 mgkg and 400 mgkg, respectively). Iron was identified as a PCOC
for this area.
5.2.4 Maintenance Yard
Four surface soil samples (DMSS-8, DMSS-9, Storage, and DMSS-lo), a field duplicate (DMSS-IOX) and
three subsurface samples (DMSS-8, DMSS-9, and DMSS-10) collected at 2 feet bgs were collected during
the RI. Sample locations are shown in Figure 5.2-1 and the analytical data are summarized in Table 5.2-1. 0'.
Samples were analyzed for metals and organics (TPH, PCBs).
5.2.4.1 Inorganic Results
Arsenic, barium, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, molybdenum, nickel, silver, and zinc concentrations were
above background in one or more surface samples. Concentrations were below MTCA levels with the
exception of arsenic, cadmium, copper, and lead. The arsenic concentration detected in surface sample
"Storage" (60 mgkg) was above background and the MTCA Method A (20 mgkg) cleanup level.
Cadmium (9.4 to 21.6 mgkg) was detected in samples DMSS-8, DMSS-9, and "Storage" above
background (5.4 mg/kg) and MTCA Method A (2 mag) level. Copper (3,160 mgkg) detected in
sample DMSS-9 was above background (57.4 mglkg) and MTCA Method B (2,960 mgkg) level. Lead
(1,070 and 392 mgkg) was detected in samples DMSS-8 and DMSS-9 above background (20.6 mgkg)
and MTCA Method A (250 mgfkg) level. Iron ranged from 22,400 mgkg to 60,300 mgkg.
Concentrations detected in samples DMSS-8, DMSS-9 and "Storage" were above background (24,100
mf5'kg).
Metal concentrations for aluminum, copper, lead, and zinc were above background in one or more
subsurface samples. Concentrations for copper, lead and zinc were below MTCA levels. Aluminum
(23,900 mgkg) detected in subsurface sample DMSS-10 was above background (20,900 mgkg).
Generally, the data from surface and subsurface samples indicated that metal concentrations decreased
with depth.
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PCOCs in soil at the maintenance yard include copper. lead, cadmium, and iron in surface soil. Arsenic is a
PCOC in surface soil only at the "Storage" location. Aluminum is considered a PCOC in subsurface soil at
DMSS- 10.
5.2.4.2 Organic Results
The surface and subsurface samples collected in the maintenance yard were analyzed for PCBs and total
petroleum hydrocarbons (as gasoline,.diesel, and heavier than diesel). PCBs were detected in surface soil
collected at DMSS-9, DMSS-10, and "Storage" and ranged from 17 to 46 pgikg. These levels are well
below the MTCA Method A level (1 000 pgkg). PCBs were not detected in subsurface soils.
TPH concentrations (diesel and heavier than diesel) were above the MTCA ~ethbd A level (200 m@g) at
all sample locations with the exception of subsurface sample DMSS-9 collected at 2 feet bgs. TPH
concentrations in the gasoline range were above the MTCA Method A cleanup level at DMSS-I0 and
DMSS-10 2' (surface and subsurface).
TPH as diesel, heavier than diesel, and gasoline are considered PCOCs in the maintenance yard.
5.2.5 Lagoon Area
A surface soil sample (Lagoon 6,") and a subsurface sample (Lagoon 27, were collected in 1997 from the
surface and 2 ft bgs, respectively. The samples were analyzed for metals and organic compounds (TPH
and PCBs). Based on the analytical data collected in 1997 and summarized in Table 5.2- 1, additional test
pits (DMLG-I, DMLG-2, DMLG-3, DMLG-4, and DMLG-5) were completed in the lagoon in 1998 to
assess the vertical and lateral extent of specific chemical constituents. Samples collected in 1998 were
analyzed for cadmium, copper, lead, and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH diesel and heavier) based on
the PCOCs preliminarily identified from the 1997 Rl data. The sample and test pit locations are shown
on Figures 5.2-1 and 5.2-4 and the analytical data are summarized in Table 5.2-1.
5.2.5.1 Inorganic Results
Aluminum, barium, beryllium, copper, iron, lead, molybdenum, silver, uranium, and zinc were above
background in the surface sample Lagoon 6". Concentrations were below MTCA levels with the
exception of beryllium (0.3 mgkg) which was slightly above the MTCA Method B level (0.23 mag).
Aluminum (33,500 m ag) and iron (36,200 m@g) were above background (20,900 m ag and 36,200
mgkg, respectively).
Aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, molybdenum, silver, thallium, uranium, and zinc were above
background in the subsurface samples collected from the lagoon. Concentrations were below MTCA
levels with the exception of cadmium, copper, and lead. Aluminum (3 1,300 mgkg) and iron (1 01,000
mgkg) were above background (20,900 m ag and 24,100 mgkg, respectively). The vertical and lateral
extent of cadmium, copper, and lead was evaluated based on the test pit samples collected in 1998.
The data show that concentrations of cadmium, copper, and/or lead are above MTCA levels in the soil
from 2 to 4 feet bgs at test pit locations DMLG-2, DMLG-4, and DMLG-5. The highest concentrations of
metals detected in the lagoon samples are found in samples from these three test pits. At 7 '/z ft bgs in test
pit DMLG-2, cadmium and copper are above MTCA levels. Test pits were not extended deeper as
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groundwater was encountered at approximately 4 ft bgs at locations DMLG-4 and DMLG-5 and at 7 !4 fi
bgs at DMLG-2. Concentrations of copper and lead were above background but below MTCA levels in
samples collected from test pits DMLG-1 and DMLG-3' located at the southern and northern ends of the
lagoon area. Cadmium was detected but was below background at locations DMLG- 1 and DMLG-3.
PCOCs identified in the surface lagoon soil include beryllium, aluminum, and iron. PCOCs identified in
the subsurface soil include cadmium, copper, and lead at depths of 2 to 7 !h ft bgs within and adjacent to
the perimeter of locations DMLG-2, DMLG-4, and DMLG-5. Iron and aluminum were identified as
PCOCs in subsurface soil based on the single sample result from 1997 (Lagoon 2'); however, the vertical
and lateral extent of these metals in the lagoon was not assessed. Additional PCOCs were not identified'
at testpits DMLG- 1 and DMLG-3 located on the southern and northern ends of the lagoon.
5.2.5.2 Organic Results
PCBs were not detected in the surface or subsurface lagoon samples. Total petroleum hydrocarbons
(diesel and heavier) were detected in surface and subsurface samples. Concentrations ranged from 230 to
2,200 mgtkg, which is above the MTCA Method A level (200 mgkg). TPH (diesel and heavier than
diesel) are retained as PCOCs in subsurface soils in the lagoon. Soil to a depth of 4ft bgs in the area
bounded by test pits DMLG-2, DMLG-4, and DMLG-5 and to a depth of 2ft bgs in the area surrounding
test pits DMLG- 1 and DMLG-3 of the lagoon is affected.
5.2.6 Tailings Piles
5.2.6.1 Historical Tailings Samples
Historical surface tailings samples were collected by USBM (1995) and USGS (1994 and 1995). The
following historical surface sample locations are associated with each tailings pile:
-
Tailings Pile 1
HT I -2A
HT I -2B
503T
504T
505TA
505TB
The sample locations are provided in Figure 5.2-3.
Tailings Pile 2
HT2-2A
HT2-2B
TP2-4 (subsurface) .
502T
The samples were analyzed for a similar suite of metals, with some exceptions. The USGS samples were
not analyzed for mercury, nickel, selenium, or thallium. Tailings samples collected by the USBM were not
analyzed for molybdenum and uranium. The data are summarized in Table 5.2-4.
Aluminum, barium, copper, iron, lead, molybdenum, silver, thallium, and zinc concentrations were above
area background in the majority of surface tailings. Mercury was detected in several samples above the
Yakima Basin background value (Ecology). The Yakima Basin published background value for mercury
was used for data evaluation as mercury was not included in the area background assessment. Metal
\U)M-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATA\OOS\REPORTSWOLDEN-XRlU-O-Odo5 5- 1 0
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Tailings Pile 3
HT3-2A
HT3-2B
4 chc 360
SOOT
501T

concentrations were not above MTCA levels. Iron ranged from 54,000 mgkg to 85,300 mg/kg, above
background (24,100 mgkg). Aluminum ranged from 32,000 mgkg to 44,000 mgkg.
A subsurface tailings sample, TP2-4 (5 to 10 fi bgs), was collected by the USBM in 1994. Barium,
cadmium, copper, iron, lead, mercury, thallium, and zinc concentrations were above background;
however MTCA levels were not exceeded with the exception of cadmium. Cadmium (16.2 mg/kg) was
above the MTCA Method A level (2 mgkg). Iron (61,400 mgkg) was above background (24,100
mgkg).
Aluminum concentrations were significantly greater in the samples collected by the USGS than those
collected by the USBM. It was determined that the USGS samples were collected from the surface tailings
at the toes of the tailings piles whereas the USBM and RI samples were collected on the top of the tailings
piles. Additional metals detected at the toe of the slopes were above concentrations detected on the tops of
the tailings piles. However, both of the data sets were considered when reviewing the data for PCOCs and
comparing to the RI data.
5.2.6.2 RI Tailings Samples
Surface and subsurface samples were collected during the RI from each tailings pile. The samples
associated with each tailings pile is provided below.
Surface
Subsurface
Tailings Pile 1
DMSS-I 1
DMSS-I2
DMSS-13
DMTP 1-2
DMTPI-3A
DMTPI -3B
DMTPI-4
Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-17
DMSS-I8 ,
DMSS- 19
DMTP3- I
DMTP3-2
DMTP3-3A
DMTP3-3B
DMTP3-4A (7 feet bgs)
DMTP3-4AX (Duplicate)
DMTP3-4B (10 feet bgs)
Sample locations are provided on Figure 5.2-1 and analytical data are summarized in Table 5.2-5.
Samples were analyzed for metals only.
Copper, iron, lead, molybdenum, and silver were above background in the surface samples collected;
however, all concentrations were below available MTCA levels. Barium and zinc were above background
in a limited number of samples, but well below MTCA levels. Iron ranged from 53,400 mgkg to 73,700
mgkg. The USBM data from surface samples collected from the tops of the tailings piles was compared
to RI data. The data were similar in concentration and were well within an order of magnitude.
The subsurface samples were collected between 2.5 and 5 feet bgs from test pits completed in tailings
piles 1, 2, and 3, with the exception of sample DMTP3-4A that was collected at 7 feet bgs and sample
DMTP3-4B that was collected at 10 feet bgs in tailings pile 3.
Aluminum, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, molybdenum, nickel, silver, thallium,
uranium, and zinc were above background in one or more subsurface samples collected. Concentrations
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Tailings Pile 2
DMSS- 14
DMSS-I5
DMSS-16
DMTP2-IA
DMTP2- I B
DMTP2-2

were below MTCA levels with the following exceptions: cadmium (21 mgkg) and copper (12,400
mgkg) in sample DMTPI-3B and cadmium (147 mgkg) and copper (16,500 mg/kg) in sample DMTP2-
1A. Iron ranged from 26,800 mgkg to 87,500 mgkg. Aluminum (29,700 m&g) was above background
(20,900 mgkg) at one location (DMTP2- I A).
The subsurface historical data (TP2-4 collected 5 to 10 ft bgs) was compared to the data collected at
location DMTP2-2 (4 to 5 feet bgs) during the RI. Generally, the data were within an order of magnitude;
however, concentrations of cadmium, lead, and zinc reported in the USBM sample were 20 to 40 times
greater than the concentrations detected in the RI samples. Only cadmium levels in the USBM samples
were above MTCA levels.
Aluminum and iron are considered PCOCs in surface and subsurface tailings as it is above background; a
MTCA level is not currently established. Cadmium and copper are considered PCOCs in subsurface
tailings only.
5.2.7 Wind-Blown Tailings
Five surface soil samples (DMSS-20 through DMSS-24) that contained visual evidence of tailings were
collected downwind of RC-2 during the RI and were analyzed for metals only. Sample locations are shown
in Figure 5.2-5 and the data are summarized in Table 5.2-5.
Barium, copper, iron, lead, molybdenum, silver, and zinc were above background levels in one or more
samples collected. However, none of the concentrations were above available MTCA levels. Iron
concentrations ranged from 24,100 mgkg to 66,200 mgkg.
Iron is identified as a PCOC as it is above background and a MTCA level is not currently established.
5.2.8 Summary
Site-specific background values for metal concentrations were statistically calculated from surface soil
samples collected Specifically for area background assessment. Metals data collected from Holden
Village, the baseball field, maintenance yard, lagoon, tailings piles, and windblown tailings were
compared initially to background values. If concentrations 'were above background, the data were then
compared to available MTCA A or MTCA B cleanup levels. Metal concentrations above background and
MTCA cleanup levels were preliminarily selected as PCOCs and are summarized by location in Table
5.2-6. Exceptions to the PCOC assessment were cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium),
aluminum and iron. The cations are generally considered nutrient metals and MTCA does not provide ,
cleanup levels for these metals. Aluminum and iron were considered PCOCs if the results were above
background as MTCA does not provide guidance for these metals.
Organic analytical data from the surface and subsurface soil samples collected from the lagoon and
maintenance yard were compared to MTCA Method A and Method B cleanup levels. Total petroleum
hydrocarbon concentrations above MTCA cleanup levels were considered PCOCs in subsurface soil in
the maintenance yard in a localized area and in surface/subsurface lagoon soils. Organic PCOCs are also
summarized in Table 5.2-6.
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PCOCs in soil and tailings are further addressed in the human health and ecological risk assessments in
Section 7.0.
5.3 SURFACE WATER
Surface water sample results evaluated in the RI include historical sample data collected by the USGS,
USFS, and Ecology as well as data collected by Dames & Moore during three RI phases conducted in
1997 and 1998. Surface water quality upstream of Holden Mine influences within Railroad Creek was
evaluated using historical data collected by others and through a statistical sampling program completed
during the RI. Samples were collected upstream of the Holden Mine in Railroad Creek, from tributaries to
Railroad Creek including Holden Creek, Big Creek, Copper Creek, and TenMile Creek, and from reference
streams, Bridge Creek, South Fork Agnes Creek, and Company Creek, in the Stehekin watershed to assess
area background surface water quality; the Holden Creek samples were collected in order to evaluate
potential effects of historic prospects reportedly completed by the Howe Sound Company during the period
of operation of the Holden Mine.
The surface water samples were collected for Site assessment historically and during the RI from reaches
of Railroad Creek adjacent to the Holden ~ine and from reaches downstream of potential mine
influences. Tributaries and other areas of inflow to Railroad Creek near the mine and mine area including
copper Creek, Copper Creek diversion, and the portal drainage were sampled historically and during the
RI as part of the Site assessment. Samples from Railroad Creek, Copper Creek, Copper Creek diversion,
Holden Creek, and the portal drainage were also collected during several sampling events to evaluate
water chemistry in relation to seasonal and event-related variations. Sample locations are shown on
Figures 5.3-1, through 5.3-4. Sampling locations .for the RI were located to maintain continuity with
historical sampling efforts where possible.
The samples collected during the RI were analyzed for total recoverable and dissolved metals and
conventional parameters including all or a subset of the following: aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium,
cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel,
potassium, selenium, silver, sodium, thallium, uranium, zinc, ortholtotal phosphorous, totallamenable
cyanide, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, chloride, nitratelnitrite, sulfate, alkalinity, color, and
hardness as outlined in the Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) and the Quality Assurance Project Plan
(QAPP) associated with each RI phase. Three Railroad Creek stations were also analyzed for
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (gasoline, diesel, and heavier than
diesel range). Metal and organic analyses were performed by Analytical Resources, Incorporated (AN),
low-level mercury analysis was performed by Brooks Rand, Ltd., and low-level lead analysis was
performed by Frontier GeoSciences. All three laboratories are located in Seattle, Washington. Field
measurements for pH, specific conductivity, temperature, oxidatiodreduction potential, turbidity, and
dissolved oxygen were collected for each sample as outlined in the SAP and QAPP.
A copy of laboratory reports and associated data validation and related memoranda are included in
Appendix L.
The data were reviewed and validated as outlined in the QAPP. Generally, the data were acceptable and
met the project objectives. Qualifiers of data were assigned in some cases resulting in estimation of the
data. Assigned qualifiers are shown with the summarized data. During the April, MaylJune, and July 1,997
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sampling rounds, the field filter blank results suggested that barium and zinc were artificially introduced
during the filtration process. Other metals (aluminum, calcium, copper, manganese, silver, and sodium)
were also detected at levels near the detection limits; however, these detections did not impact data usability.
Concentrations detected in the filter blank for barium (1 8.7 pg/L) and zinc (6 to 16 pg/L) were considered
during the data evaluation as these potential introductions did impact the assessment of the data when
compared to water quality criteria.
As previously described in Section 5.1.2, Site surface water data was initially compared to the federal and
state acute (AWQC) and chronic (CWQC) aquatic life criteria established. Where WQC were not
established, Site data were conipared to area surface water background concentrations and MTCA
Method B cleanup levels for surface water. AWQC and CWQC is established for dissolved '
concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc. Only an AWQC is
available for dissolved silver concentrations. AWQC and CWQC for selenium are based on total
concentrations. The AWQC for mercury is based on dissolved concentrations; however, the CWQC is
based on the total recoverable concentration. Criteria for cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel,
silver, and zinc are corrected based on water hardness. The federal AWQC and CWQC specifies the use
of a 25 ppm hardness value for metals requiring hardness correction when measured hardness is less than
25 ppm. The State of Washington specifies the use of actual hardness measurements. The data tables
provide both the use of 25 ppm hardness and measured hardness corrected criteria. For discussion
purposes, the measured hardness corrected criteria is discussed.
Criteria for the protection of aquatic life is provided for beryllium and iron by reference to the EPA
document "Quality Criteria for Water, 1986" in the Washington State regulatory guidance WAC 173-
20 1 A. These criteria are shown in Table 5.1 - 1 and are assumed to be based on dissolved analysis.
The analytical methods used to measure surface water metal concentrations were selected to provide the
lowest technically achievable detection limits in an attempt to be at or below the AWQCICWQC. As the RI
data collection and data evaluation progressed, analytical methods were adjusted to facilitate recognized
data needs such as reducing detection limits to clearly evaluate exceedances as compared to water quality
criteria. The method changes were documented in the SAPS and QAPPs associated with each field phase.
The detection limits for lead and mercury were above the aquatic life chronic criteria (CWQC) in 'April
1997. Following this round, the lead and mercury methods were revised to provide lower detection limits.
During subsequent sampling rounds in MaylJune and July 1997; mercury and selenium were not detected or
were detected at concentrations that were orders of magnitude below WQC. These analyses were then
eliminated from fbture sampling events. The lead concentrations detected in surface water samples
collected during 1997 were suspect due to intermittent problems with laboratory method blank
contamination. Additionally, the detection limit provided by the method selected was often at or above
the CWQC., The method was reevaluated prior to 1998 sample collection and revised to a draft low-level
EPA method. The revised method resulted in detection limits well below the CWQC for lead. The May
1998 data allowed data evaluation to clearly determine if exceedances for lead were apparent in surface
water in Railroad Creek during the spring.
The surface water discussion is organized and presented beginning with a discussion on the assessment of
area background surface water quality. Following the background discussion, individual sections discuss
the chemical data collected from the Stehekin River watershed, Railroad Creek, portal drainage, Copper
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Creek diversion, and Copper Creek. The data is compared to WQC where available and appropriate.
Where WQC were not available, the data were compared to statistically calculated area background and
MTCA Method B cleanup levels for surface water. Calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium
concentrations were not individually evaluated as these metals are considered nutrient metals. Water
hardness was considered in the discussions as WQC for several metals is based on hardness.
The discussions incorporate historical data (where appropriate) and RI data. The surface water quality
discussion primarily focuses on the RI data collected; however, historical water quality and stream flow data
is available for Stations RC-1, RC-2, and RC-3 and at other locations sampled by USFS, PNL, USGS and
Ecology. Due to the varied analyte list per historical sampling event and variable detection limits, the
comparability and usability of historical data is discussed in appropriate sections. The data are assumed to
be of adequate quality to include in the RI, for comparative purposes unless otherwise noted. Historical data
for Railroad Creek, Copper Creek, Copper Creek diversion, and the portal drainage are available and
summarized in tables referenced in the appropriate sections. These data were collected over several studies
and were previously evaluated by Dames & Moore (1996). Additional data collected by the USGS and
Ecology in 1996 have been evaluated as well.
The intent of the discussion is to identify data trends and PCOCs that will be further evaluated in the
compounds of concern fate and transport discussion and the human health and ecological risk assessments.
PCOCs were identified if concentrations were above WQC or above statistically calculated area background
concentrations or MTCA Method B cleanup levels where WQC are not available. Statistics were used in
the human health and ecological risk assessments and the calculations incorporate both RI and select
historical data as appropriate. ,
5.3.1 Background Surface Water Quality in Railroad Creek
5.3.1.1 Background Data Sets and Statistical Methods
Metals data collected from the 1997 and 1998 RI data sets and historically from stations upstream of the
Site were compiled to assess area background surface water quality in Railroad Creek. RI and select
historical background surface water data from the following stations were used in the area background
assessment:
Railroad Creek (RC- 1 1, RC- 1, RC-6)
Holden Creek (HC-1, HC-2, HC-3, HC-4, Holden Creek)
Big Creek (Big-1)
Copper Creek (CC- 1, upstream of the Site) .
Ten Mile Creek
Reference reaches in the Stehekin watershed from South Fork Agnes Creek (SF Agnes
Creek) and Company Creek (Both of these creeks originate from the same headwaters as
Railroad Creek)
Historical data collected from Railroad Creek by the USGS from 1994 through 1996
(USGS 367, USGS 546, USGS 600, USGS 707)
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Department of Ecology samples collected June 1996 and September 1996 were also
considered.
Sample station locations are shown on Figures 5.3-1 through 5.3-4.
Calculation methods to determine background concentrations are outlined in WAC 173-340-708(1l) and
in Ecology's statistical guidance (1992). The statistical guidance and Ecology's MTCAStat statistical
program were used to perform the analyses. Statistical analysis was performed for total and dissolved
concentrations for aluminum, arsenic, barium; beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron,
lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, selenium, silver, sodium,
thallium, uranium, and zinc. The data were compiled into a total data set that included all data points
listed above without regard to season or time collected. The number of and specific data points included
in the analysis are shown in Table 5.3-1.
For a select list of dissolved metals including: aluminum, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium,
copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, selenium, silver, and zinc, the total data set was subdivided
into two seasonal data sets, spring and fall. These metals represent the broad suite of PCOCs and other
metals of interest related to the Holden Mine. The number of data points for each seasonal data set is
shown below. Specific data points used are shown in Tables 5.3-2 to 5.3-14.
Eight data points were considered a minimum data set for performing statistical calculations, with one
exception (seven points for the arsenic fall data set).
Metal Seasonal Set - Spring # Data Points Seasonal Set-Fall
# Data Points
Aluminum 19 13
Arsenic 10 7
Beryllium 19 I I
Cadmium 20 12
Chromium 17 12
Copper 17 12
Iron 19 I I
Lead 18 12
Magnesium 18 I I
Manganese
Selenium
17 I I
Silver
-
Zinc
19
20
11
13
Insufficient data points available for statistical analysis
Two other data sets, Sets 1A and lB, were evaluated to assess the comparability of Railroad Creek
background stations with Railroad Creek tributaries and other reference stations and to verify that pooling
of the data are appropriate. As with the seasonal data sets, only dissolved aluminum, arsenic, beryllium,
cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, selenium, silver, and zinc were included
in the analysis. The stations included in each set are as follows:
Set IA: Select historical and RI stations RC-1, RC-6, and RC-1 I were pooled.
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Set 1B: RI stations located in Holden Creek, Big Creek, Copper Creek, Ten Mile Creek
and Stehekin were pooled.
The number of data points for Sets 1A and 1B are shown below. The specific data points used for the
analyses are shown in Tables 5.3-2 through 5.3-14.
Aluminum
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Selenium
Silver
Zinc
Metal
Set lA
Railroad Creek
# Data Points
30
11
21
28
22
2 1
27
22
27
27
10
28
3 1
Set lB
Other Background
# Data Points
13
8
13
13
12
12
13
13
13
9
6
13
13
The Ecology guidance notes that MTCA has no provisions for excluding statistical outliers that have not
resulted from apparent errors. For this reason, all results for the selected sample points that were reported
above the detection limit were included in the statistical calculations. However, due to the wide.range of
detection limits reported historically and during the RI, some data points (reported as not detected) were
omitted if the detection limits reported were due to apparent methodology differences that resulted in high
detection limits that were well above the other reported data. Historically and during the RI, method
changes were made in an effort to reduce detection limits so that the data were more meaningful when
compared to water quality criteria (WQC). Tables 5.3-1 through 5.3-14 show the data points actually
used for each analysis as well as those considered for analysis but omitted.
During RI data collection in 1997, lead results in upstream stations were generally at or just above the
detection limit of the method used for analysis. Due to continuous method blank contamination in the
laboratory, detected surface water sample lead results were artificially influenced. This, in combination
with the need to clearly delineate lead concentrations above chronic water quality criteria, resulted in a
revision to the lead method in 1998 to reduce the detection limit by an order of magnitude. Detection
limits ranged from 0.01 1 to 1 pg/L in sample data collected during the RI. Due to the wide range of
concentrations representing the detection limit, the 90th percentile calculated for lead in all three data sets
did not include detection limits greater than or equal to 1.0 pg/L. Inclusion of these detection limits
skewed the 90th percentile lead concentration. Table 5.3-9 provides a list'of sample data points that were
considered but were omitted from the statistical calculations.
An additional item considered during the. statistical analysis for zinc was the impact of field filtration
during April, May, June, and July 1997. During this timeframe, it was determined that field filtration had
potentially artificially enhanced the zinc results. For statistical purposes, the total results were used where
the data for dissolved zinc clearly indicated artificially introduced zinc. These instances include only the
\UlM-SEA I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATAU)O5\REPORTSWOLDEN-2UUU doc 5- 1 7 DAMES & MOORE
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data sets where the total value was not detected but the dissolved result was above the detection limit.
The total zinc results in these instances are assumed to be more representative of actual dissolved zinc
concentrations. Table 5.3- 14 lists these specific data points.
The background module of the MTCAStat program was used to determine the distribution of data. Based
on the data distribution, the 90th percentile, mean, standard deviation, median, minimum, and maximum
were calculated.
The results of the statistical analysis for the total data set, the spring seasonal set and the fall seasonal data
set are summarized in Tables 5.3-1, 5.3-1 5 and 5.3- 16, respectively. The statistical summary for Sets 1 A
and B are summarized in Table 5.3-17.
The 90th percentile value is a default value for the MTCAStat background evaluation. The data
distribution allowed the calculation of a 90th percentile, with few exceptions. Statistical analysis was not
performed for dissolved beryllium, chromium, selenium, silver, and thallium data sets because these
metals were not detected. A 90th percentile was not calculated for arsenic in the fall data set due to a
limited number of data points. Generally, data distribution was lognormal with an occasional normal
distribution. There were several data sets that were distribution free (non-parametric). The non-
parametric distribution generally results from data sets that include a wide range of detected
concentrations or data sets with concentrations (detects andlor non-detects) that are similar and tend to
bunch rather than spread. The 90th percentiles for the total data set are summarized in Table 5.3-1. The
90th percentiles for the seasonal data sets and sets 1A and 1B are summarized below,
Metal @issolved)
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Zinc
Total
37.4
0.9
0.07
1.06
40
0.54
626
2.42
7.8 1
Spring
48
0.84
0.06
1.02
30
0.3 1
540
2.64
4.84
90th Percentiles
(~gn)
The 90th percentile concentrations of metals in the total data set include spring, summer, fall and winter
data points. The spring and fall data sets generally bracket the range of 90th percentile concentrations for
the total data set. Limited variation exists between the 90th percentile metal concentrations in the total
data set as compared to the spring and fall seasonal data sets for dissolved aluminum, arsenic, cadmium,
copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, and zinc. Additionally, limited variation exists between area
background Sets 1A (Railroad Creek stations) and 1B (other background stations). Based on the
statistical analysis, it is appropriate to use the 9 0 percentile ~ values in the total data set for area
background assessment. The data also justify using the upstream Railroad Creek station(s), RC-1, RC-6,
and/or RC- I 1, to monitor area background surface water quality in Railroad Creek.
\KIM-SEA IWOL I\COMMOMWmWDATAWN(EWRTS W d
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Fall
26
0.82 (50th YO)
0.08
0.9
56
0.56
744
2.9
13
5- 1 8
Set lA
Railroad Creek
39
0.92
0.07
1.13
44
0.53
- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 660
2.47
8.1
Set 1B
Other Background
36
0.97
0.07
0.81
26
1.2
703
2.57
9.4
DAMES & MOORE

5.3.1.2 Area Background Compared to WQC
0 The area.background concentrations (as determined by the total data set) for arsenic, beryllium, cadmium,
chromium, copper, iron, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium, silver, and zinc were compared to WQC. For
those metals requiring hardness correction, background values were compared to the WQC using a
minimum hardness of 6.7 ppm. This value was selected as it is representative of the lower hardness
values obtained in the RI data and provides the most conservative WQC levels. Hardness concentration
in Railroad Creek varied from 6.7 to 31 mgL dependent upon the station location and sampling event.
The lowest hardness values generally occurred in stations upstream of the Holden Mine. The background
values were also compared to WQC based on 25 pprn hardness as this is the minimum hardness allowed
for WQC under the federal guidance when actual hardness values are below 25 ppm. The WQC and
background values are summarized below.
Metal
Arsenic
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
lron
Lead
Mercury*
Nickel
Selenium
Silver
Zinc
Background
Concentration
(cl%L)
0.9

5.3.1.3 Summary
Based on the statistical analysis performed, sufficient area background surface water data points exist for
determining background surface water quality in Railroad Creek. Limited variation exists between the
90th percentile metal concentrations in the total data set as compared to the spring and fall seasonal data
sets for dissolved aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, and zinc.
Additionally, limited variation exists between area background Sets 1A (Railroad Creek stations) and 1B
(other background stations). This provides justification for using the upstream Railroad Creek station(s),
RC- 1, RC-6, and/or RC- 1 1, to monitor area background surface water quality in Railroad Creek.
The 90th percentile values calculated for the total data set are provided for total and dissolved metals
(aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium,
manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, selenium, silver, sodium, thallium, uranium, and
zinc) in Table 5.3-1. For the purposes of the following discussion, the area background is defined as the
90th percentile values derived for the total data set. Surface water data are compared to WQC where
available and area background and MTCA Method B cleanup levels for those metals without WQC.
5.3.2 Stehekin River Watershed
The Stehekin River Watershed was considered a part of the reference area evaluation for comparative fish
population studies to Railroad Creek due to similarities in climate, topography, geology, hydrology, and
natural mineralization; however, the prospecting and mining activities in the Stehekin River watershed were,
not as extensive as in the Railroad Creek watershed. Water quality and benthic macroinvertebrate RI
sample collection was performed concurrent with the ecological surveys conducted during the RI in Bridge
Creek, South Fork Agnes Creek, and Company Creek. The data collected were compared to data collected
in Railroad Creek to assess similarities and differences between the Railroad Creek and Stehekin River
drainages. The locations are shown on Figure 5.3-3. Available water quality data are discussed below and
include historical data collected from the Stehekin River.
5.3.2.1 Stehekin River
Harper Owes (Patmont, 1989) collected samples from the Stehekin River on a monthly basis from
December 1986 to November 1987 and analyzed the samples for total recoverable arsenic, iron, and zinc.
The mean concentrations for the metals were 0.41 _+ 0.18 p@, 98.7 _+ 89.8 p a, and 1.0 _+ 0.4 pgL,
respectively. The data are assumed to be of acceptable quality, however, only the mean concentration for
each metal was provided in the 1989 report. The mean concentration is the result of averaging all of the
data collected and does not account for the significant seasonal flow differences. Thus, the data collected
from the Stehekin River watershed during the RI were not compared to the Harper Owes data.
Data were not collected from the Stehekin River during the RI, but were collected from Bridge Creek, South
Fork Agnes Creek, and Company creek in the Stehekin Riverwatershed.
5.3.2.2 Bridge, South Fork Agnes, and Company Creeks
Samples were collected during the RI at one station each on Bridge Creek, South Fork Agnes Creek, and
Company Creek in September/October 1997. A field duplicate was collected at Bridge Creek. Laboratory
results and field data are summarized in Table 5.3-18. Sample locations are shown in Figure 5.3-3.
\DM-SW\I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATAUm~RfSWOLDEN-2- 5-20
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The water quality data collected from South Fork Agnes Creek and Company Creek were included in the
area surface water quality background assessment discussed previously in Section 5.3.1. Both of these
creeks originate from the same general headwaters as Railroad Creek. The arsenic concentration (2.56
pgL) in South Fork Agnes Creek was an order of magnitude above the concentration detected in Company
Creek (0.13 pg/L). The arsenic concentration may be the result of historical prospecting and mining
activities in the Stehekin River area and was not included in the background surface water quality
assessment. The arsenic concentration is well below CWQC (190 pg/L) and AWQC (360 pg1L).
The data collected from Bridge Creek was compared to WQC or background and MTCA Method B cleanup
levels if WQC were not available. Metal concentrations were below WQC. The remaining metals were
below background and MTCA Method B cleanup levels with the exception of molybdenum.
Molybdenum (1.02 mg/L) was above background (0.78 pg/L). The elevated molybdenum concentration
may be related to mining activities in the Stehekin area.
The field sample data for Bridge Creek were compared to additional parameters specified in WAC 173-
201A. Where data were available, criteria were not exceeded with the exception of pH. The measured
pH at Bridge Creek was 6.4 SU just below the criterion of 6.5 to 8.5 SU.
5.3.3 Railroad Creek
Samples were collected from Railroad Creek upstream of the Site (RC-1, RC-6, and RC- I I), adjacent to
the tailings piles (RC-4, RC-7, and RC-2), and downstream of the Site (RC-5, RC-5A, RC-10, RC-8, and
RC-3) to assess the influence of the Holden Mine on the water quality of Railroad Creek.
5.3.3.1 Historical Data
Historical data were compiled for RC-I, RC-2, and RC-3 from studies conducted from 1982 to 1983 (USFS
1983) and 1989 to 1995 (PNL, 1989 to 1992; USFS, 1993 to 1995). In addition, the USGS collected
samples near RC-I, and in proximity of the RC-2 and RC-3 stations in 1994, 1995, and 1996, and Ecology
collected samples in 1996 at RC-I, RC-2, and RC-3. The data are summarized in Tables 5.3-19 through
5.3-21. Sample locations are shown on Figures 5.3-1 and 5.3-4.
The list of metals analyzed varied with sampling event and sampling agency. The bulk of the metals data is
total recoverable with the exception of the USGS and Ecology data which included dissolved data.
Hardness values were available for some data points, but not all, and the omission precluded calculation of
hardness corrected criteria. Detection limits for most of the data are higher than assumed WQC and higher
than detection limits achieved during the RI. Due to the number of results reported as not detected, trends
were difficult to assess and direct comparison to the RI data or assumed WQC was not feasible. In addition,
the historical data collected by the USGS, USFS, and PNL in the Railroad Creek reach adjacent to the Site
indicated high variability of chemical concentrations. Each agency collected samples from a different
portion of the creek span.
The USGS samples were collected from near the south bank of Railroad Creek, USFSJPNL samples were
collected from the north bank, and Ecology samples were collected midstream. Samples were collected as
grab samples. Samples collected during the RI specifically to address whether differences of chemical
concentrations occurred within the creek channel indicated that samples from the south bank in the reach
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'

adjacent to the Site were not necessarily representative of the channel chemistry. The pH and specific
conductivity measurements collected historically indicate that the creek water is generally neutral (5 to 8
SU) and conductivity is low regardless of stream flow or season. In general, copper and zinc were not
detected at RC-1. Copper and zinc were detected at RC-2 and RC-3. Concentrations were generally lower
at RC-3 a,s compared to RC-2. Available stream flow data indicated that copper and zinc are affected by
seasonal flow variations. Iron was detected at all stations. The highest concentrations were detected at RC-
2. The data are inconsistent when comparing analytical data to streamflow variations. The inconsistencies
may be related to the total recoverable analyses versus dissolved analyses.
Patmont (1989) presented the results of sampling and analysis of surface water from Railroad Creek near
Lucerne, at the mouth of Railroad Creek. Mean concentrations of arsenic, iron, and zinc were noted to be
0.46, 976, and 70.2 pg., respectively. The mean concentration for each of the metals is the result of
averaging data collected monthly fiom December 1986 to November 1987. The mean concentrations do not
account for the significant seasonal flow differences.
The historical data for Railroad Creek collected by the USGS and Ecology in Railroad Creek from stations
upstream of the Holden Mine were used for background surface water quality assessment as discussed in
Section 5.3.1. The data collected from reaches in Railroad.Creek adjacent to and downsh-eam of the mine
influenced area generally were not compiled with the RI data for PCOC evaluation due to the limitations
noted above.
5.3.3.2 Upstream Railroad Creek Stations (RC-1, RC-6, and RC-11)
Stations RC- 1, RC-6, and RC- 1 1 were considered to be upstream of mine influences (Figure 5.3- 1). Station
RC-1 was historically considered as background, i.e., unaffected by mining activities. Historical data for
RC- 1 area available from two studies conducted between 1982 and 1983 (USFS, 1983) and between 1989 to
1995 (PNL); however, the possible use of tailings andlor waste rock as fill along the banks and at the
ballfield near RC- 1 during mine operations was discovered and resulted in the establishment during the RI
of station RC-6 several hundred yards upstream near the Glacier Peak Wilderness boundary. RC-I 1 was
located upstream of RC-6, above the confluence of Holden Creek and within the Glacier Peak Wilderness
boundary.
During the RI, samples were collected at RC-6 and RC-1 during four sampling events (April, MayIJune,
July, and, September) in 1997 and one sampling event in May 1998. RC-1 was sampled across the width of
Railroad Creek as well as near the north and south banks during May 1997 and September 1997 to
determine if localized differences of metal concentrations exist across the channel. Station RC-6 was
sampled weekly from May 19, 1997, to June 16, 1997, to assess event-related variability. Station RC-11
was sampled during two sampling events, October 1997 and May 1998.
Inorganics
As previously discussed in Section 5.3.1, the data collected from stations in Railroad Creek upstream of
the mine influence were included in the background surface water quality assessment including samples
collected across the width of the creek and samples collected on the banks. At the upstream stations,
metal concentrations did not indicate variability based on sample location in the span of the creek. The
background surface water quality assessment showed that seasonal variability of metal concentrations was
\U)M~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATAU)OS\REPOR'ISWOLDEN-2UUU6.doc 5-22 .
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minimal. The data also justified the use of upstream Railroad Creek stations, RC- I. RC-6. andlor RC- 1 1
to monitor area background surface water quality in Railroad Creek.
Statistically derived background values are provided in Table 5.3-1. Complete analytical and field data
for upstream Railroad Creek stations are summarized in Table 5.3-22. Background values were compared
to WQC and discussed in Section 5.3.1. For metals without WQC, the data were compared to MTCA
Method B cleanup levels as discussed in section 5.3.1. The WQC by individual stations and event are
summarized in Tables 5.3.23 through 5.3.27 for informational purposes only.
The data from upstream Railroad Creek for parameters other than metals and organic compounds were
compared to criteria specified in WAC 173-201A. pH measurements ranged from 5 to 8 SU and were
outside of the criteria (6.5 to 8.5 SU) in several instances. Turbidity measurements in the field were
collected, however readings appeared to be erratic and the accuracy of these measurements questionable,
therefore, turbidity was not evaluated further. Dissolved oxygen and temperature were within the criteria
designated in WAC 173-201A.
Organics
Samples were collected at RC-6 in May and' July 1997 for TPH (gasoline, diesel, and heavier than diesel
range) and PCBs. TPHs and PCBS were not detected. PCB analyses were eliminated from future
sampling events.
A sample was collected at RC-6 for TPH in September 1997. TPH was not detected. TPH analyses were
eliminated from future sampling events.
5.3.3.3 Railroad Creek Stations Adjacent to Tailings Pile
Three water quality sampling stations, RC-4, RC-7, and RC-2, were established adjacent to the tailings piles
during the RI (Figure 5.3-1 and 5.3-2). RC-4 is located at the footbridge upstream of the tailings piles. RC-
7 is located downstream of Copper Creek and adjacent to tailings pile 2, and RC-2 is located at the eastern
end of tailings pile 3. Historical data for RC-2 were discussed in Section 5.3.3.1.
Samples were collected at RC-4, RC-7, and RC-2 during four sampling events in 1997 (April, MayIJune,
July, and SeptemberIOctober) and one sampling event in-May 1998. Samples were also collected weekly at
RC-2 from May 19, 1997, to June 16, 1997, to assess event-related variability. Samples were collected from
the south bank at stations RC-4 and RC-2 to evaluate potential localized differences in metal concentrations
across the width of the channel. Laboratory analytical results and field data are summarized in Table 5.3-28.
The sample data for each event and associated AWQC and CWQC are summarized in Tables 5.3-23
through 5.3-27.
Inorganics
The data collected adjacent to the tailings pile were compared to WQC where available and to area
background concentrations (Table 5.3-1) and MTCA' Method B cleanup levels when WQC were not
available. Metal concentrations were then assessed in a downstream trend.
\U~M~SW\I\VOL1\COMMOMWP\WPDATA\OOS~RTSWOLDEN-2UU\ 5-23
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RC-4 is located downstream of the portal drainage inflow to Railroad Creek, as shown in Figure 5.3-2.
The comparison of RC-4 data to area background concentrations indicates that dissolved aluminum was
above background in May 1998 (60 pg/L vs. 37.4 pg/L). Dissolved manganese was detected above
background (2.42 pg/L) in April 1997 (3 to 4 pg/L), May 1997 (2.94 pg/L), and May 1998 (4.83 pg/L).
Metal concentrations for those metals without WQC were also compared to MTCA Method B cleanup
levels. Concentrations were not above cleanup levels. Comparison of RC-4 data to WQC is discussed in
the following paragraphs.
Dissolved copper concentrations during April through July 1997 ranged from 3.4 to 26.4 pg/L which were
above hardness corrected AWQC (1.8 to 4.3 pgL) and CWQC (1.5 to 3.2 p&). Dissolved zinc
concentrations ranged from 17 to 73 pg/L during the first three sampling rounds (April, May, July 1997)
and were above AWQC (15 to 33 pg/L) and CWQC (14 to 30 pgL). Cadmium and lead were the only
other metals that contained levels above AWQC and/or CWQC, but were not consistently above the criteria.
Hardness, alkalinity, pH, and specific conductivity were similar to upstream locations. The measured pH at
RC-4 was 5.5 to 7.8, within the range noted for the upstream stations, but in some cases below the criteria
specified in WAC 173-201A (6.5 to 8.5 SU). Concentrations of copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead were
highest during the May sampling event that corresponds to the highest flow observed in Railroad Creek in
1997. Data collected at RC-4 in May 1998 generally supports the data collected in May 1997; however,
dissolved concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc were 1.5 to 2 times higher
in 1998 than 1997. The use of the low level lead techn'ique in 1998 indicates that lead concentrations do
not exceed CWQC as previously indicated during 1997.
Bank samples collected on the south side of Railroad Creek at RC-4 in 1997 were compared to WQC and
to the results from samples collected across the creek. Dissolved copper concentrations during all three
sampling events ranged from 58.5 pg1L in May 1997 to 3.9 pg/L in September 1997, which were above
hardness corrected AWQC (1.8 to 2.8 pg/L) and CWQC (1.5 to 2.2 p a). Dissolved zinc concentrations
ranged from 191 pg/L in May 1997 to 20 pg/L in September 1997, which were above AWQC (15 to 23
pg/L) and CWQC (14 to 21 pg/L). Cadmium detected at the south bank only in May (1.1 pg/L) was
above the AWQC (0.47 pg/L) and the CWQC (0.25 pa). Dissolved lead concentrations in May 1997
(0.6 pa) were above'the CWQC (0.3 pa) but below AWQC (7.8 pg/L). The south bank data was
compared to samples collected across the width of the creek. During May, July, and September 1997,
copper concentrations were approximately two times greater on the south bank. Cadmium and zinc were
approximately two times greater on the south bank in May, but were similar to the creek width results in
July and September. Field parameters collected from the bank and across the creek width were
comparable. All other metals were below established AWQC and CWQC. Metals that do not have
established water quality criteria were compared to background and MTCA Method B cleanup levels.
Results were below area background and MTCA levels with the exception of manganese in May 1997
(7.46 pg/L vs. 2.42 pg/L) which was above background.
RC-7 is located downstream of the inflow from Copper Creek to Railroad Creek and is adjacent to tailings
pile 2 (Figure 5.3-2). Dissolved metal concentrations measured at RC-7 were similar to concentrations
\U)M-SEA~\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATAUN)~\REPORTSWOLDEN-ZUUU-O.~O~
5-24
17693-005-019Uuly 28. 1999;11:09 Ah4;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

detected at RC-4 with the exception of manganese and iron which increased significantly from RC-4 to
RC-7. The comparison of RC17 data collected during the RI to area background concentrations indicate
that aluminum was above background (37.4 p a) in May 1997 (60 p a), September 1997 (40 pgL).
and May 1998 (90 p a). Manganese was detected above background (2.42 p a) during each sampling
event and ranged from 5.48 pg/L to 27 pg/L. Data for metals without WQC were also compared to
MTCA Method B levels. Metal concentrations were below MTCA levels. Comparison of RC-7 data to
WQC is discussed in the following paragraphs.
Metal concentrations measured at RC-7 were similar to those observed at RC-4. Dissolved cadmium
concentrations during April 1997 (0.5 p&) and May 1997 (0.58 pgk) were above the CWQC only in
April (0.39 p a) and the AWQC and CWQC in May (0.44 pg/L and 0.24 p&, respectively) (Tables 5:3-
23 and 5.3-24). Dissolved cadmium was below the criteria in subsequent rounds collected in July and
September 1997. Cadmium results at RC-7 collected in May 1998 were similar to May 1997. The
concentration of dissolved cadmium (0.67 pg/L) was above both the AWQC (0.40 p a) and the CWQC
(0.23 pg/L).
In May and July 1997, dissolved copper (23 pg/L and 2.6 p a, respectively) concentrations were above the
AWQC (2.7 and 1.9 p a, respectively) and the CWQC (2.1 pg/L and 1.6 p a, respectively), but were
below the criteria in April and SeptemberlOctober 1997 (Tables 5.3-23 through 5.3-27). The copper result
(37.5 pg/L) from the May 1998 sampling event was above AWQC (2.5 pa) and CWQC (2.0 pg/L).
The concentration was also above the May 1997 result (23 p a).
Dissolved zinc concentrations during the first three rounds in 1997 ranged from 20 to 90 pg/L which were
above the AWQC (16 to 38 p a) and the CWQC (15 to'34 p a). The July zinc level (20 pg/L) may be
related to the artificial introduction of zinc during field filtration. Zinc was below both criteria in
SeptemberIOctober 1997. The zinc concentration measured in May 1998 was 1 15 p a, above the May
1997 concentration (85 pg/L). The 1998 result was also above the AWQC (20 p a) and the CWQC (19
clgn).
In May, July, and September 1997, dissolved lead (0.5 pg/L, 0.5 pgL, and 0.4 pa, respectively) was
above the CWQC (0.28 pa, 0.19 pg/L, and 0.28 pa, respectively), but below the AWQC (7.2 pa, 4.9
pa, 7.2 pa, respectively). The May 1998 lead data (performed by low level lead technique) indicates
that lead (0.126 pa) is below the CWQC (0.26 pa). Iron was above WQC (1000 pg/L) in April and
September 1997 (1,680 p a and 1,150 pa, respectively). Other metal concentrations were below
AWQC and CWQC.
Silver detected in May 1997 at RC-7 was 0.54 pg/L. The result was qualified as not detected during data
validation due to method blank contamination. The AWQC (0.12 pa) is below the revised detection
limit. Silver was not above AWQC at RC-7 during any other sampling event including May 1998.
Dissolved iron during 1997 was highest in April, decreased in May and July, and increased in September,
indicating an inverse relationship with flow. Specific conductivity, pH, hardness, and alkalinity were
similar to the upstream locations. Field measured pH at RC-7 in 1997 ranged from 5.8 to 7.6 SU, similar
to upstream measurements.
\U)M~SW\I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATA\OO~\REPORTSWOLDEN-ZUUU~
5-25
17693-005-019Uuly 28,1999;11:09 AM;DRAFT FINAL R1 REPORT

RC-2 is'located immediately downstream of tailings pile 3 (Figure 5.3-2). The comparison of RC-2 data
collected during the RI to area background concentrations indicate that dissolved aluminum was above
background (37.4 pg/L) in May 1997 (90 p a), September 1997 (40 pg/L), and May 1998 (100 p@).
Manganese was detected above background (2.42 p@) during each sampling event and ranged from
5.52 pgL to 26 pg/L. For metals without WQC, data were below MTCA Method B cleanup levels.
Comparison of RC-2 data to WQC is discussed in the following paragraphs.
Cadmium at station RC-2 was above the CWQC in April 1997 (0.40 pg/L vs. 0.38 p@) and the CWQC
and AWQC (0.25 pg/L, and 0.47 pa, respectively) in May 1997. In May and July, copper (23.6 and 2.3.
p@, respectively) was above. AWQC (2.8 and 1.9, respectively) and CWQC (2.2 and 1.6 pa,
respectively). In April, May and July 1997, zinc concentrations (77, 84, and 24, respectively) were above
AWQC (37,23, and 16, respectively) and CWQC.(33,21, and 15 pg/L, respectively). The concentration in
September 1997 was 23 pa, just above CWQC (21 pa) and equal to AWQC (23 pg/L). The result in
July is a potential anomaly related to zinc introduction during field filtration of the sample. Data collected
in May 1998 show concentrations similar to those detected in May 1997. Iron was above WQC (1000
pgL) in April (1,430 pg/L) and September (1,080 pa). Other metals were below the AWQC and
CWQC.
Near bank samples were collected on the south side of Railroad Creek at RC-2. Metal concentrations near
the south bank at RC-2 were comparable to concentrations detected in samples collected across the creek
width. Cadmium, copper, .and zinc concentrations exceeded AWQC in May 1997. Copper and zinc
exceeded AWQC in July 1997. In September 1997, zinc (23 pg/L) was above the CWQC (2 1 pg/L) and
equal to the AWQC (23 pg/L). Iron (1,150 pg/L) was above WQC (1,000 p a) in September. Field
parameters (pH and specific conductivity) were comparable between bank and creek width samples as well.
The measured pH at RC-2 ranged from 5.7 to 8.2 SU. Measurements collected at the south bank ranged
from 6.2 to 7.7 SU. The measurements are within the range of the upstream stations (5 to 8 SU).
In summary, the water quality at stations RC-7 and RC-2 were higher in iron and zinc relative to upstream
locations. Iron concentrations at RC-7 and RC-2 were also higher than RC-4 concentrations. RC-7 showed
higher iron than RC-2 during all of the sampling events in 1997. RC-2 showed higher aluminum than RC-7
during the May 1997 event. The pH at RC-4, RC-7 and RC-2 were all similar to upstream measurements.
Samples collected at RC-4, RC-7, and RC-2 in May 1998 generally confirm the trends indicated in the 1997
data.
Seasonal variability in metals concentrations at RC-7 and RC-2 are similar to RC-4. Zinc, copper, lead and
cadmium in 1997 were all highest during the MayIJune sampling event followed by April, July and
September. Aluminum, however, was lowest in April, highest in MayIJune and decreased in July and
September indicating that this metal may be directly correlated with Railroad Creek flow. Iron, along with
specific conductance, alkalinity and hardness exhibited the opposite relationship, and was inversely
correlated with streamflow. Hardness and concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese,
and zinc at RC-2 are plotted against stream flow measured at RC-4 on Figures 5.3-5 to 5.3-9.
\U)M-SMI\VOLI\COMMOMW~WDATAWOJ\REPORTS\ 5-26
17693-005~19Vuly
28. 1999;11:09 AM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Organics
TPH and PCBs were analyzed only at RC-2 and were not detected. PCBs were not included in the list of
analytes for the September 1997 and later sampling events based on the results from the previous 1997
sampling rounds.
5.3.3.4 Downstream of Tailings Piles
Surface water sampling locations downstream of the tailings piles included RC-5 and RC-5A. RC-10, RC-8
and RC-3 (Figure 5.3-1). RC-5 was sampled approximately 500 feet downstream of RC-2 during the April
1997 sampling round. RC-5A was established in May 1997 just above the confluence of ~enmile~reek, the
next downstream tributary to Railroad Creek. Station RC-10 was established as an aquatic habitat station
downstream of Tenmile Creek, and was sampled for water quality only once in September 1997. Stations
RC-8 and RC-3 are both near Lucerne. RC-8 was located near the old USGS gauging station at Lucerne
upstream of RC-3 (Figure 5.3-1). Samples were collected at stations RC-5(A) and RC-3 during all four
sampling events in 1997 (April, MayJJune, July, September) and one sampling event in May 1998. Station
RC-10 was sampled in September 1997 and May 1998. Station RC-8 was established as a comparison to
RC-3, and was sampled during April and September 1997 only because high stream flows created
accessibility and safety issues at this location during the MayJJune and July events.
Laboratory analytical results and field data are summarized in Table 5.3-29 and the dam are compared to the
AWQCJCWQC for each sampling event in Tables 5.3-23 through 5.3-27.
Inorganics
The metals data associated with RC-5, RC- 10, RC-8, and RC-3 are described below.
The comparison of RC-5 data collected during the RI to area background concentrations indicate that
dissolved aluminum was above background (37.4 p a) on May 20, 1997 at RC-5 (70 pgiL) and at RC-
5A in September 1997 (50 pg/L) and May 1998 (90 pg/L). Manganese was detected above background
(2.42 p a) during each sampling event and ranged from 7.04 pg/L to 26 pgL. The concentrations of
aluminum and manganese at RC-5 and RC-5A are similar to concentrations of these metals detected at
stations RC-7 and RC-2. Metal concentrations were not above MTCA Method B cleanup levels for those
metals without WQC. Comparison of RC-5 data to WQC is discussed in the following paragraphs.
Cadmium, copper, and zinc were the only metals that were above WQC in one or more sampling events.
Silver was not detected at RC-5 on May 20, 1997, however, the detection limit (0.14 p a) was just above
the AWQC (0.13 p a). Silver was not detected at RC-5A on May 22, 1997. The detection limit (0.04
pg/L) was well below the AWQC (0.18 pg/L). In April 1997, cadmium (0.4 pgL) was above the CWQC
(0.38 p a). On May 20, 1997, cadmium (0.5 pa) was above the CWQC (0.25 pg/L) and slightly
above the AWQC (0.47 p&). The RC-5 station was relocated further downstream (RC-SA) and
resampled on May 22, 1997. The cadmium concentration (0.4 pg/L) at RC-5A was also above the
CWQC (0.29 p a) and below the AWQC (0.58 pg/L). A sample was collected from this station in May
a 1998. The cadmium concentration (0.58 pg/L) was above CWQC (0.25 I&) and AWQC (0.47 pg/L).
\V)M-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATAWJ\REPORTSWOLDEN-2UU 5-27
17693-005-019~ul~
28, 1999;11:09 AM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

In May 1997, copper (21.5 pg5) in the sample collected at RC-5 was above CWQC (2.2 pgL) and
AWQC (2.8 p a). Copper concentration (7 p a) at the RC-5A location sampled on May 22, 1997 was
above CWQC (2.6 p a) and AWQC (3.4 pa). Copper (2.4 pg5) was detected in July 1997 above the
CWQC (1.7 p a) and AWQC (2.1 p a). Copper was below WQC in the sample collected in September
1997. A sample was collected at this location in May 1998. The concentration of copper (26.9 p@) was
above CWQC (2.2 p a) and AWQC (2.8 p a).
Zinc ranged from 24 to 98 p a, which was above AWQC and CWQC during all sampling events (Tables
5.3-23 through 5.3-27). The July 1997 zinc result may be due to the introduction of zinc during field
filtration. In general, station RC-5 and RC-5A data indicated similar water quality as RC-2.
Iron (1,290 p a) was above WQC (1000 p a) at RC-5 Sampled in April 1997 and at RC-5A sampled in
September 1997 (1,250 pg/L). Field pH measurements ranged from 6.1 to 7.6 SU, similar to upstream
measurements.
- RC- I 0
RC-10 data collected during the RI was compared to area background concentrations. Dissolved
aluminum and manganese concentrations are above background. Aluminum ranged from 40 to 80 pa. Manganese ranged from 9.29 to 13.5 pfl. Area background concentrations for aluminum and
manganese are 37.4 pg/L and 2.42 pa, respectively. The concentration of aluminum at RC- 10 is similar
to the concentration detected at station RC-5. In the spring, the data indicates a decrease in concentration
of cadmium, copper, iron, manganese and zinc from RC-5A to RC-10. In the fall, iron significantly
decreases from RC-5A to RC- 10.
Metal concentrations detected at RC-I0 in September 1997 were below WQC. Cadmium, copper, and
zinc concentrations detected in the sample collected in May 1998 were above WQC. Cadmium (0.4
pa) was above CWQC (0.27 p a) but below the AWQC ( 0.5 1 p a). Copper (I 8.5 pg/L) was above
CWQC and AWQC (2.4 and 3.0 pg5, respectively). Zinc (69 pg5) was above CWQC and AWQC (22
and 24 p a, respectively).
- RC-8
RC-8 data collected during the RI was compared to area background. Dissolved aluminum and
manganese concentrations are above background. Aluminum (50 pgL) was just above background (37.4
pa). Manganese (9.97 to 15 p a) was above background (2.42 p a). Generally, the concentration of
metals at this station did not indicate seasonal fluctuation with thk possible exceptions of manganese and
zinc which decreased from the spring to the fall. Additionally, the fall data for RC-8 compared to the RC-
10 data collected during the same timeframe are similar with the exceptions of iron and manganese which
decrease.
The RC-8 data was compared to WQC. Dissolved cadmium (0.72 p a) at RC-8 was above the AWQC
(0.65 p a) and CWQC (0.3 1 CLgn) in September 1997; however this result appears to be an anomaly. The
dissolved result (0.72 p a) is higher than the total result (0.10 pa) and locations sampled upstream of
\\DM~~~\I~V~LI\C~MM~MWP\WDATAVX)J\REPORTSU(OLDEN-Z~.~~
5-28
17693-005-01Wuly 28.1999;11:09 AMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
'

RC-8 during September did not contain cadmium concentrations near this concentration. Lead (0.5 p a)
was just above the CWQC (0.42 pg/L) in September 1997.
The comparison of RC-3 data collected during the Rl to area background concentrations indicate that
dissolved aluminum and manganese concentrations are above background for these metals during most of
the sampling events. Aluminum ranged from 40 to 70 pg/L. Manganese ranged from 6.48 to 15 pa.
Area background concentrations for aluminum and manganese are 37.4 pg/L and 2.42 pg/L, respectively.
The concentrations of aluminum and manganese at RC-3 during the fall are similar to RC-10 for
aluminum, but the concentration of manganese decreases from RC-10 to RC-3. Metal concentrations
were not above MTCA Method B cleanup levels for those metals without WQC. Comparison of RC-3
data to WQC is discussed in the following paragraphs.
Copper (I0 pg/L) was above AWQC (3.4 pg/L) and CWQC (2.6 pg/L) in May 1997. The data from May
1998 indicated similar results. The concentration of copper (12.6 pg/L) was above CWQC (2.4 pg.L) and
AWQC (3.0 p a). Zinc was above WQC in April and May 1997 and May 1998. The concentration of
zinc (41 pglL) in April was just above CWQC (39 p@) and just below the AWQC (42 pg/L). However.
this may be related to the potential introduction of zinc during the field filtration process. The
concentration of zinc (38 CLgn) in May 1997 was above CWQC and AWQC (24 and 27 pgL,
respectively). In May 1998, the zinc concentration (45 p a) was above the CWQC and AWQC (22 and
24 pg/L, respectively).
Iron cdncentrations continue to decrease from RC-5 to RC-3. Dissolved copper, cadmium, iron,' and zinc
concentrations also generally decreased from RC-5 (RC-5A) to RC-3. The pH, specific conductance, and
alkalinity remained similar between downstream stations and stations adjacent to the mine. Measured pH
ranged from 5.8 to 8.1 SU, similar to upstream measurements.
Seasonal.water quality and flow relationships also remained similar at downstream stations compared to
stations adjacent to the mine, with trace metals showing a general increase in spring, and iron, alkalinity,
hardness and specific conductance decreasing with increasing flow.
Organics
TPH and PCBs were analyzed at RC-3 and were not detected. PCB analysis was eliminated from sampling
events after July 1997 based on the results of the previous sampling events. TPH was analyzed in
September 1997 and not detected. This analysis was eliminated for future sampling rounds.
5.3.3.5 Railroad Creek Summary
Samples were collected from Railroad Creek upstream (RC-I, RC-6, and RC-I I), adjacent to (RC-4, RC-7,
and RC-2), and downstream (RC-5, RC-SA, RC-10, RC-8, and RC-3) of the Site to evaluate area
background- surface water quality in Railroad Creek hd assess the influence of the.mine on the water
quality in Railroad Creek.
\\DM~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATA\~~~WEPORTSWOLDEN-~UUU-O.~OC
5-29
17693-005-019Uuly 28. 1999;11:09 AM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Data collected from upstream stations in Railroad Creek were compiled with data collected fiom other
tributaries unaffected by the mine to assess area background surface water quality. The water quality data
from Railroad Creek stations adjacent to and downstream of the Holden Mine were compared to WQC for
Washington state using actual hardness values as prescribed in the state regulation and to federal WQC
using a minimum hardness of 25 ppm or actual hardness if greater than 25 ppm. The results of the
comparisons are tabulated below.
Listed below are the dissolved metals that were above the State of Washington AWQC and CWQC, which
are based on actual hardness values during the RI sampling events in 1997 and 1998.
Station1
April 1997
>AWOC/>CWQC
MayIJune 1997
>AWOCI>CWQC
1 >AWOCPCWgC 1 ,
RC-4 I Cu W Cu Zn
RC-7 (Fe) ZdCd Zn
I Cd . Cu. . ZnlCd . Cu . Pb, . Zn l Cu Zn*/Cu . Pb. . Zn* I
Cd, Cu, WCd Cu, Pb. Zn Cw Zn*/Cu, Pb. Zn*
NoneJPb
(Fe) NonelPb
I Cd , Cu. . Zn/Cd Cu. Zn
Cd, Cu, ZdCd, Cu. Zn
RC-2 (Fe) WCd, Zn Cd, Cu, ZdCd, Cy Zn Cu, Zn*/Cu, Zn* (Fe) WZn C4 Cu. Zn/Cd, Cu, Zn
RC-5 (Fe) Zn/Cd, Zn Cd, Cu, zn/Cd, Cu, Zn Cu, Zn*/Cu, Zn* (Fe) WZn Cd, Cu. ZdCd, Cu. Zn
RC-I0 Not Sampled Not Sampled
Not Sampled
None Cu ZdCd, Cu, Zn
RC-8 None
Not Sampled
Not Sampled CdICd, Pb Not Sampled
RC-3 NondZn* Cu, Zn*/Cu, Zn*
None
None
Cu WCu, Zn
' South bank samples not included
(Fe) - lron criteria is not designated as AWQC or CWQC. If (Fe) is listed, it means the sample result was above the iron criteria of
1000 p a.
Listed below are the dissolved metals above federal AWQC and CWQC that use minimum hardness value
of 25 ppm where actual hardness was below 25 ppm.
b
Station'
RC-4
KC-7
RC-2
KC-5
RC- I0
KC-8
RC-3
April 1997
>AWQCl>cWQC
Cu Zd Cu, Zn
(Fe) ZdCd,Zn
(Fe) ZdCd,Zn
(Fe) ZdCd,Zn
Not Sampled
None
NoneJZn*
' South bank sarno%s not included
MeyIJune 1997
>AWQC/>CWQC
Cu, ZdCd, Cu, Pb, Zn
Cu, ZnICd, Cu, Zn
Cu, ZnICd, Cu, Zn
Cu, WCd, Cu. Zn
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Cu, Zn*/Cu. Zn*
July 1997
>AWQC/>CWOC
(Fe) - lron criteria is not designated as AWQC or CWQC. If (Fe) is listed, it means the sample result was above the iron criteria of
I000 p a.
Where zinc is marked with an asterisk (Zn*) in the above tables, the exceedance of WQC could have been
affected by the introduction of zinc during the field filtration process. Therefore, zinc concentrations at
RC-3 and zinc concentrations detected in July 1997 should only be considered "apparent" exceedances.
The cadmium concentrations shown for RC-8 in SeptemberlOctober 1997 are apparently an anomalous
result, described previously in Section 5.3.3.4, and should not be considered an actual exceedance.
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTSWOLDEN-2W.da
17693-005-019Uuly 28.1999;11:22 AM;DRAFT FWAL RI REPORT
July 1997
>AWQCXWQC
None
None
None .
None
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
None
SeptemberIOctober
1997
SeptemberlOctober
1997
>AWQCI>CWQC
None
(Fe)
(Fe)
(Fe)
None
CdICd
None
-
May 1998 .
>AWOC/2CWOC
May 1998
>AWQC/>cWQC
Cu. ZnfCd, Cu, Zn
Cu, ZnICd, Cu, Zn
Cu, ZdCd. Cu, Zn '
Cu. Zn.Cd, Cu, Zn
Cu, ZnfCd, Cu. Zn
Not Sampled
Cu, ZnICu. Zn

In general, concentrations in the upstream stations did not fluctuate with seasonal or stream flow variations.
Iron and hardness were inversely proportional to stream flow. Metal concentrations at the adjacent and
downstream stations were generally higher than the upstream locations. The widest variation occurred in
May. Concentrations were often similar by September. Concentrations for most metals increased
downstream of RC-1 at RC-4. Concentrations fiom RC-4 to RC-2 were similar or slightly decreased with
the exception of iron, which increased substantially at RC-7. Concentrations generally decreased from RC-
2 down to RC-3. Cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc concentrations are plotted from upstream station RC-6 to
downstream station RC-3 on Figures 5.3-10 through 5.3-13. Field measurements for pH, specific
conductance, and dissolved oxygen were similar fiorn upstream to downstream stations in Railroad Creek.
Samples collected fiom the south banks at RC-4 and RC-2 in 1997 were compared to samples collected
across the width of the creek. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc detected
on the south bank of RC-4 during May 1997 were above concentrations detected across the creek width.
Concentrations in July and September were similar between the bank and creek width samples, with the
exception of copper. Data collected fiom the south bank at RC-2 were similar to data collected fiom the
width of the creek.
The south bank results from RC-4 and RC-2 were compared to state and federal WQC. Metals above WQC
in May, June, and July were generally comparable to the metals above WQC in samples collected across the
creek width. The September 1997 data compared to state WQC indicates that copper and zinc at RC-4 and
zinc at RC-2 are above WQC. The data from RC-4 indicates that copper is also above federal WQC during
this timeframe.
The weekly sampling performed at RC-2 indicated a continued decrease for most metals over time and with
decreasing stream flows.
Copper, cadmium, iron and zinc were identified as PCOCs in surface water in Railroad Creek at the stations
adjacent to and downstream of the Site. Aluminum and manganese concentrations were greater than
background concentrations.at stations adjacent to and downstream of the Site. The highest concentrations of
metals in 1997 correlated with the highest flow in Railroad creek measured in MayIJune 1997. In several
cases, metal concentrations measured in 1998 in stations adjacent and downstream of the Site were higher
than concentrations detected in 1997. The higher concentrations are likely related to the sampling event
occurring nearer the initial hydrograph rise (Section 4.0). Metal concentrations did not exceed MTCA
Method B cleanup levels (for constituents without WQC) at any stations on Railroad Creek.
5.3.4 Portal Drainage
Samples were collected from the 1500-level main portal drainage at two stations, P-1 and P-5. P-1 is
located at the exit of the mine portal and P-5 is located at the confluence with Railroad Creek and,upstream
of RC-4 (Figure 5.3-1 and 5.3-2). The data is summarized in Table 5.3-30. Additionally, one sample (VP-
1) was collected from the 1500-level ventilator portal located west of the portal. Data are summarized on
Table 5.3-30a.
5.3.4.1 Exit of Mine Portal (P-1)
.a Surface water grab samples were collected from the mine drainage at the 1500-level main portal opening (P-
I) during May, July, and September 1997 aid May 1998 to assess the water quality and seasonal variations
\DM-SEA I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATA\~~~\REPORTSWOLDEN-ZUUU~.~OE 5-3 1 DAMES & MOORE
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of water exiting from the portal. Samples were submitted for total recoverable and dissolved metals
analyses and conventional parameters. Field measurements (pH, specific conductivity, temperature.
oxidation/reduction potential, and ferrous iron) were collected and recorded in the field.
The data at P-1 were compared to WQC and for those metals where WQC is not available, to surface water
background and MTCA Method B cleanup levels for surface water. Additionally, as the water exiting the
portal is indicative of groundwater from the bedrock aquifer, the data were compared to the Washington
State groundwater criteria as provided in WAC 173-200 and under MTCA Method B cleanup levels for
groundwater. The following PCOCs were identified at P- 1.
b
Regulatory
Guidance
Surface Water
Criteria
Groundwater
Criteria
May 1997
Cd, Cy Pb, Zn, pH
As. Be, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn,
Sod, pH
May 1998
Cd. Cu, Pb. Zn, pH
Cd, Cu. Fe. Pb, Zn,
Sod, TDS, pH
Dissolved aluminum, barium, thallium, and uranium concentrations are above surface water background
in May. Aluminum and barium continue to exceed background concentrations in July. Manganese is
above background from May to September. Concentrations were not above available MTCA Method B
levels. Cadmium, copper, and zinc consistently are above surface water WQC in May. Lead is above
WQC in May and July.
The PCOCs identified based on groundwater criteria are similar to those identified for surface water.
Cadmium, copper, and zinc are above criteria in May and July. Arsenic and beryllium indicate a single
exceedance in May 1997. Sulfate is consistently above criteria from May through September. Cadmium
is the only metal that is above criteria in September.
Concentrations of dissolved aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc decreased from
May to September 1997. Dissolved cation concentrations (calcium, potassium and sodium) increased
during the same timeframe. Field measurements indicated that pH values changed from acidic (4.8 SU)
in May to neutral (7.0 SU) in September.
Increased concentrations of dissolved aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc were
detected in the sample collected in May 1998 as compared to May 1997 data. The increased
concentrations are likely related to the timing of the sampling event and position on the hydrograph.
Stream flow measurements were similar for each of the sampling events in 1997 and 1998 with flows of
2.63 cfs in 1997 and 2.54 cfs in 1998.
5.3.4.2 Confluence with Railroad Creek (P-5)
July 1997
Cd, Cy Pb, Zn, pH
Cd. Cu, Pb, Zn, SO4,
PH
Grab samples were collected from the 1500-level main portal drainage prior to the confluence with Railroad
Creek at location P-5 during MayIJune, July, and September 1997 and in May 1998 to evaluate source
loading and transport to Railroad Creek. Samples were also collected weekly from May 18, 1997 to June
16, 1997. The samples were submitted for the same suite of analyses as the portal opening (P-I). Field
measurements were also collected. The data,is summarized in Table 5.3-30.
\\DM-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATAWO5\REPORTSWOLDEN-NUU-O-Od~ 5-32
17693-005-0 19Vuly 28.1999; 1 1 :09 AMDRAFT FINAL R1 REPORT
September 1997
Cd, Cu, Zn
Cd, SO4, TDS

The data collected at P-5 were compared to ,WQC and for those metals where WQC is not available, ro
surface water background and MTCA Method B cleanup levels for surface water. The following PCOCs
were identified at P-5:.
May 1997 1 July 1997 I September1997 1 May 1997
Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, pH I Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn. pH I. cd I Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn. pH
Similar to 4-1, dissolved aluminum, barium, thallium and uranium concentrations are above surface water
background in May. Aluminum and barium continue to exceed background concentrations in July.
Manganese is above background from May to September. Concentrations were not above available
MTCA Method B levels.
Cadmium and zinc consistently are above WQC from May to September. Copper and lead is above WQC
in May and July. The PCOCs identified match PCOCs identified at several Railroad Creek stations
downstream of P-5.
The concentrations of dissolved metals at P-5 generally were lower than concentrations at P- 1 in May due
to surface water run on into the drainage from snowmelt. In July, concentrations were similar with the
exception of dissolved iron which decreased. In September, dissolved metal concentrations at P-5 were
similar to P-1 with the exception of copper, iron, and zinc which decreased,
At P-5, dissolved aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, and zinc decreased from May to September
1997 similar to the trend identified at P-1. The cation concentrations (calcium, potassium and sodium)
increased during the same timeframe. Field measurements indicated that pH values changed from acidic
(4.9 SU) in May to neutral (6.7 SU) in September.
Increased concentrations of dissolved aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc at P-5 were
detected in 1998 as compared to May 1997. The increased concentrations are likely related to the timing
of the sampling event and position on the hydrograph. Stream flows were slightly higher in 1998 (3.8
cfs) than 1997 (3.42 cfs).
The data collected weekly from May 18, 1997 to June 16, 1997 indicated a steady decline of dissolved
aluminum, cadmium, copper, and zinc. Dissolved aluminum and copper decreased significantly (50 to
70%) from June 16, 1997 to July 12, 1997. Lead and iron concentrations from May 18 to June 16 were
relatively stable. Stream flows continually decreased during the timeframe of the weekly sampling.
The data fiom May 1997 and May 1998 both indicated similar trends of metal concentrations decreasing
and increasing from P-1 to P-5 (trend is metal dependent). The data fiom P-5 also shows that the influx
of surface water from the portal drainage to Railroad Creek introduces concentrations of aluminum,
cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, and zinc that are above background or WQC with the actual
concentration dependent upon season and stream flow. The portal drainage is a recognized source for
metals into Railroad Creek: Comparison to WQC shows that metals that exceed WQC for surface water
in the portal drainage at P-1 and P-5, primarily cadmium, copper, and zinc in May and July, coincide with
WQC exceedances in downstream Railroad Creek stations. The fate and transport of metals in and from
the portal drainage are further discussed in Section 6.0.
\DM-SEA I\VOL I\COMMOMWRWPDATAUMS\REPORTSWOLDEN-Z\RN-O.doc 5 -3 3
17693-005-019Uuly 28.1999:11:09 AM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

5.3.4.3 Historical Portal Drainage Data
Surface water samples associated with the 1500-level main portal drainage were collected intermittently at
two locations (P-1 and P-5) between 1982 and 1991 and again between 1992 and 1996. Only a few
concurrent monitoring dates were conducted for both stations. A summary of the data is presented in Table
5.3-31.
Historical concentrations of copper, lead, iron, and cadmium at P-1 and P-5 were generally within the same
order of magnitude as the RI data during similar seasonal dates. Copper, zinc, and lead appeared to have a
direct relationship with flow, i.e., their concentrations were higher during high stream flow than during low'
flow conditions at P- 1.
The USGS collected samples from the P-1 and P-5 locations concurrently in July 1994, July 1995, May
1996, and September 1996. The trends noted in this historical data were comparable to the trends
detected in the RI data. Concentration of dissolved aluminum, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc
decreased from P-1 to P-5 in May and September. Concentrations of these metals remained constant
between the two stations in July. Measurements for pH were acidic in the spring and neutral by fall.
5.3.4.4 Ventilator Portal
A grab sample (VP-1) was collected from water discharging from the 1500-level ventilator portal. The
concentrations of dissolved metals were orders of magnitude lower than the corresponding portal drainage
samples. The pH was neutral (6.4 SU). The data appeared to indicate that the sample collected was
more indicative of meteoric water possibly resulting from snowmelt. The data were not compared to
WQC. However, the metal concentrations were compared to surface water background for dissolved
metals. Metal concentrations in the sample were below background.
5.3.5 Copper Creek Diversion
Samples were collected from the Copper Creek diversion (CC-D, CC-Dl) during April, May, July, and
September 1997 and May 1998 (Figure 5.3-1). The sample identification was originally designated as
CC-D in April and revised to CC-Dl for the remainder of the RI. There are no specific background water
quality conditions for the diversion; however, water quality at the point of diversion in Copper Creek is
assumed to be similar to CC-1. Data were compared to the Copper Creek upgradient station (CC-I) and
to WQC. The data are summarized in Table 5.3-32.
Water quality in the diversion was similar to CC-1 for all constituents except cadmium (1.76 p&), copper
(145.8 pgk), iron (230 p@), manganese (7.95 pa), and zinc (172 pg/L) during the 1997 MayIJune
sampling round which were one or more orders of magnitude above concentrations detected at CC-1. In
addition, the results for these metals from the MayIJune round were higher than results from the July and
September 1997 sampling events. This is explained by the inflow of seeps and site runoff into the Copper
Creek diversion during the MayIJune period.
The data were compared to WQC. Cadmium, copper and zinc were above AWQC and CWQC in May.
The data were also compared to MTCA Method B cleanup levels for those metals without WQC. MTCA
Method B levels were not exceeded. The measured pH in the field ranged from 5.5 to 7.15 SU, with a one
time event (September) where pH was outside of the water quality criteria for pH (6.5 to 8.5 SU).
\\DM~SEA~\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATAW~RTSWOLDP~-~WU-O.~DC
, 5-34
17693-005-019Uuly 28, 1999:11:09 Ah4;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

.? ) ,~@ .. '. ..,..
r....,. ..,," - .. .. ....
e \U)M~SEAI\VOL~\COMMOMWP\WPDATAV)OS\REPORTSWOLDEN-~UUU~
The data collected at CC-Dl during May 1998 indicated similar trends detected in May 1997. Cadmium.
copper, manganese, and zinc concentrations were greater than concentrations at CC-1. Concentrations of
cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc in 1998 were above 1997. Iron decreased from 230 pg/L in May
1997 to not detected (< 20 pa) in May 1998.
Historic data for the Copper Creek diversion is'lirnited to two samples collected by the USGS in 1994 and
1996; however, this data generally hdicates that metals were not detected and provides little comparative
information (Table 5.3-33).
The Copper Creek diversion is primarily used to supply water to the sauna used by residents and guests of
Holden Village. The water quality is included in the human health risk discussion in Section 7.0.
5.3.6 Copper Creek
Samples were collected at two locations, CC-1 and CC-2, within Copper Creek (Figure 5.3-2). Station CC-
1 is located upstream and outside of the mine influence. Station CC-2 is located in Copper Creek prior to
the confluence with Railroad Creek. The data is discussed below. The data collected at CC- I was included
in the area background surface water quality assessment previously discussed (Section 5.3.1).
5.3.6.1 Historical Data
Water samples were collected at CC-1 and CC-2 during 1982 to 1983 (USFS 1983). The samples were
analyzed for total metals and conventional parameters. Specific conductivity, pH, and temperature were
measured in the field. Samples were collected by the USGS in 1994, 1995, and in the spring i d fall of
1996. Two samples were collected at a location near CC-2 by Ecology in June and September 1996. The
samples were analyzed for total recoverable and dissolved metals, conventional parameters, and field
parameters. The analytical parameters were not consistent between sampling events. Sample data are
summarized in Table 5.3-35.
The 1982/1983 data were not compared to WQC or RI data due to the limited list of metals reported,
detection limit differences, and unavailability of hardness values for criteria correction.
The data collected by the USGS from 1994 through 1996 was not compared to WQC due to unavailable
hardness values. Calcium and magnesium were available; however, in several instances the results are
noted as not detected at high detection limits precluding hardness calculations. The data indicated that metal
concentrations for CC-1 and CC-2 were relatively similar and did not tend to fluctuate with seasonal
variations. Specific conductivity was generally low (20 to 40 ps); however, a 50% increase at both stations
occurred in July 1995 (80 ps, 100 ps). The USGS data were compared to appropriate RI data. Where
metals were detected, the data were relatively consistent. Field parameters were relatively consistent
between historical and RI data.
The data collected by Ecology was compared to WQC. Dissolved cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc
concentrations did not exceed WQC. In general, the data from the two sampling events indicated that
concentrations at this location do not fluctuate with seasonal differences. An increase in dissolved copper
(1.2 pgL) in September 1996 appears to be anomalous as the total result was lower (0.23 pa). Field
5-35
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parameters did not indicate seasonal differences. The data were compared to RI data where appropriate and
were relatively consistent between historical data and the RI.
5.3.6.2 Upstream Data
Samples were collected during the RI at CC-1 in May, July, and September 1997 to assess seasonal
variability of metal concentrations and in May 1998. The data were included in the background surface
water quality assessment discussed in Section 5.3.1. Summarized sample data are provided in Table 5.3-34.
Sample data and associated WQC are summarized for each sampling event in Tables 5.3-23 through 5.3-'27.
Background values are summarized in Table 5.3- 1.
The metal concentrations at CC-I do not appear to increase or decrease in response to seasonal variations.
Field measurements did not indicate significant variability between sampling events.
5.3.6.3 Adjacent to Tailings Piles
Samples were collected in Copper Creek at station CC-2 prior to the confluence with Railroad Creek during
May, July, and September 1997 and May 1998. Samples were analyzed for the same analytical suite as the
CC-1 samples. Comparison of CC-2 data to WQC indicated that metal concentrations were below the
AWQC and CWQC, with the exception of lead. The detection limit for lead (7 pg/L) during May 1997 was
above the AWQC (6.6 p a) and CWQC (0.26 pg/L) in the dissolved fraction. The result was qualified as
not detected during data validation due to laboratory contamination. The result for lead in the total fraction
in May 1997 showed that lead was not detected in this hction above the chronic or acute criteria. The
comparison of total to the dissolved concentrations indicate that lead results for May 1997 are not above the
criteria. The lead result in September 1997 was slightly above the chronic criteria (0.3 vs. 0.21 pa).
Dissolved lead in May 1998 was below AWQC and CWQC. Generally data from 1998 were similar to
data collected in 1997. Concentrations of total aluminum, iron, and manganese were 5 times greater in
1998 than 1997; however, the dissolved concentrations were similar. For those metals that do not
currently have water quality criteria assigned, concentrations were below background values and MTCA
B levels. Measurements for pH at CC-2 ranged from 6.1 to 8.1 SU, similar to measurements at CC-1 (6.0 to
8.0 SU).
The results of CC-2 are comparable to the CC-1 results. In addition, the metal concentrations between
stations do not indicate seasonal variations. PCOCs were not identified for Copper Creek.
5.3.7 Other Railroad Creek Tributaries
Samples were collected from Holden Creek, Big Creek, and TenMile Creek and the data were
incorporated into the background surface water quality assessment discussed in Section 5.3.1. The
statistically derived background values are summarized in Table 5.3.1. Detailed data summaries for
Holden Creek, Big Creek, and TenMile Creek are included in Tables 5.3-36through 5.3-38.
\U~M~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMW~WDATA\~~~\REPORTSWOLDEN-ZUUU~.~OC
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5.3.8 Lake Chelan
5.3.8.1 Historical Data
Surface water data were not collected from Lake Chelan during the R1; however, in 1989, Patrnont reported
the results of an assessment of water quality conducted in Lake Chelan for Ecology in 1986. The report
noted that the "observed in-lake concentrations of total recoverable arsenic, iron, and zinc exhibited
temporal or spatial variations over the study period, and averaged 0.22 + 0.01 p a, 3.6 + 1.4 p a, and 2.0 +
0.1 pg/L, respectively. The only discemable variation in metals was observed in the iron data, as in-lake
levels peaked (6-12 pg/L)in lake surface waters during the spring, probably as a result of runoff inputs."
Also noted in the report was that concentrations detected were below the applicable aquatic life, water
quality criteria and drinking water standards (EPA, 1986). .
5.3.9 Surface Water Quality Summary
<
Data collected from upstream stations in Railroad Creek were compiled with data collected fiom tributaries
to Railroad Creek (Holden Creek, Big Creek, Copper Creek, and en mile Creek) and reference streams in
the Stehekin area (South Fork Agnes Creek and Company Creek) to assess area background surface water
quality. Background values were statistically derived under the MTCA guidance and compared to both
Washington State and federal WQC where available. Where WQC were hardness corrected, a conservative
value of 6.7 ppm was used for the state criteria as well as a minimum hardness value of 25 ppm for the
federal criteria. The statistically derived background values are below state and federal WQC with the
exception of lead (0.54 pa) and silver (C 0.04 pa) which are above state CWQC and AWQC,
respectively. Lead and silver are below the federal WQC.
Site data collected fiom Railroad Creek adjacent to and downstream of the mine-affected area were
compared to WQC where established and background concentrations and MTCA Method B cleanup levels
if WQC were not available. PCOCs were identified if concentrations were above WQC or MTCA Method
B cleanup levels. Metal concentrations that were above background concentrations were identified as
compounds of interest to assess with PCOCs in the fate and transport and risk assessment discussions in
Sections 6.0 and 7.0.
Copper, cadmium, iron, and zinc were identified as PCOCs in surface water in Railroad Creek at the stations
adjacent to and downstream of the Site dependent upon sample location and sampling event. A summary
table listing the sample station and sampling event with the PCOCs identified in Railroad Creek is located in
Section 5.3.3.5. Aluminum and manganese concentrations were above background at stations adjacent to
and downstream of the Site dependent upon sample location and sampling event. Parameters such as pH,
dissolved oxygen, and specific conductance were generally similar at stations upstream, adjacent to, and
downstream of the site. The highest concentrations of metals in 1997 correlated with the highest flow in
Railroad Creek measured in May 1997. Concentrations for most metals increased downstream O~'RC-1 at
RC-4. Concentrations from RC-4 (downstream of the portal drainage) to RC-2 (downstream of tailings pile .
3) were similar or slightly decreased with the exception of iron which increased significantly at RC-7
(adjacent to tailings pile 2). Concentrations generally decrease from RC-2 to RC-3 at Luceme. At several
stations adjacent to and downstream of the mine area, metal concentrations measured in 1998 were above
1997 concentrations. The difference in concentrations is likely relateh to the time and position of the
sampling event on the hydrograph (Section 4;O).
\U)M~SW\I\VOLI\COMMOMW~WPDATAUM5\REPORTSWOLDEN-2W-O-Odo5
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The portal drainage was sampled at the 1500-level main portal (P-I) and directly prior to the portal drainage
confluence with Railroad Creek (P-5). Dissolved aluminum. cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc decreased
from spring to fall. Manganese decreased slightly at P-l and increased slightly at P-5. The pH was acidic in
the spring and neutral in the fall. During the same sampling evenf concentrations of dissolved aluminum,
cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc generally decreased from P-l to P-5 in the spring, remained
constant in the summer, and were constant or decreased in the fall. The data from P-5 indicate that the
portal drainage introduces concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc
into Railroad Creek that are above background with the actual concentration dependent upon season and
stream flow. The data for P-1 and P-5 were compared to surface water quality criteria (WQC and MTCA
Method B cleanup levels). P- 1 was compared to groundwater quality criteria (WAC 173-200 and MTCA
Method B cleanup levels) as well. PCOCs identified based on surface water comparison included
cadmium, copper, lead, zinc and pH. PCOCs identified at P-1 based on groundwater quality criteria
included arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, copper, iron, lead. zinc, sulfate, total dissolved solids. and pH.
The PCOCs are summarized by sampling event in Section 5.3.4. The fate and transport of metals in and
from the portal drainage are further discussed in Section 6.0.
A grab sample (VP-I) was collected from water discharging from the 1500-level ventilator portal.
Generally, the concentrations of dissolved metals were orders of magnitude lower than the corresponding
portal drainage samples. The pH was neutral (6.4 SU). The data appeared to indicate that the sample
collected was more indicative of meteoric water possibly resulting from snowmelt.
Water quality in the Copper Creek diversion was assessed. The Copper Creek diversion is the outflow from
the hydroelectric plant and is used as a source of water for a dipping pond associated with a sauna utilized
intermittently by residents and guests of Holden Village. Concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron,
manganese, and zinc during the spring were above upstream Copper Creek concentrations. The data were
compared to WQC. Cadmium, copper and zinc were identified as PCOCs in May (spring). Water quality at
the diversion is included in the human health risk discussion in Section 7.0.
Water quality in Copper Creek upstream of apparent Holden Mine influences and adjacent to the tailings
piles was assessed. The data from the upstream location was compiled with other data,in the background
surface water quality assessment. The data collected from CC-2 (adjacent to the tailings piles) was
compared to WQC and background values. Metals detected at CC-2 were not above WQC or background.
Additionally, concentrations between upstream and downstream stations on Copper Creek do not indicate
seasonal variations. PCOCs were not identified in Copper Creek.
5.4 GROUNDWATER
Groundwater samples were collected from groundwater monitoring wells located in Holden Village, west
of Holden Village near the baseball field, on the Site downgradient of the maintenance yard, in tailings
piles 1,2, and 3, downgradient of tailings pile 3, and from a single well located at Lucerne. Samples were
also collected from lysimeters located in tailings piles 1 and 3. The samples were collected during two
sampling events conducted in May 1997 and September 1997. Sample locations are shown on Figure
5.4-1.
As part of the groundwater quality assessment, samples were also collected from seeps located on the Site
and along Railroad Creek upgradient, adjacent to, and downgradient of the Holden Mine. The seeps were
\\DM-SEA I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATA\005\REPORTSWOLDEN-Z\RN9.Qc 5-3 8
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considered as part of the groundwater system based on the apparent underground source of water at most
of the.seep locations. Additionally, a limited number of seeps were more indicative of surface water flow,
but were considered seeps based on their apparent connection with seeps resulting from underground
flow. Seep locations are shown on Figure 5.4-1. Samples were collected in 1997 during sampling events
conducted in MaylJune, July, and September. Seep samples were collected during each sampling event if
measurable flow and volume were available for sample collection. Additionally, samples were collected
at select seeps in May 1998.
Groundwater samples collected from monitoring wells and seep samples were analyzed for dissolved
metals (aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead,
magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, selenium, silver, sodium, thallium,
uranium, and zinc), ortholtotal phosphorus, totallamenable cyanide, total dissolved solids, total suspended
solids,'chloride, nitratelnitrite, sulfate, alkalinity, color, and hardness as outlined in the SAPS and QAPPs
associated with each field effort (see Section 1.0). Additionally, a limited number of samples were
analyzed for organic constituents, i.e., polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and TPH (gasoline, diesel, and
heavier than diesel range). The samples were analyzed by Analytical Resources Incorporated (AN)
located in Seattle, Washington. Field measurements for pH, specific conductivity, temperature,
oxidation~reduction potential, and ferrous iron were collected for each sample as outlined in the
associated SAP and QAPP.
RI analytical data are summarized in Tables 5.4-1 and 5.4-2. A copy of laboratory reports and associated
data validation and related memoranda are included in Appendix L. The data were reviewed and
validated as outlined in the associated QAPPs. Generally, the data were acceptable and met the project
objectives. Due to the total dissolved solids concentration in several samples, the metals analytical
methodology originally selected and approved in the SAPS and QAPPs for groundwater was revised to
allow analyses to proceed. Method adjustments resulted in raised detection limits for certain metals.
Generally, the increased detection limits did not affect evaluation of the data as compared to MTCA
cleanup levels or data usability for site assessment with the exception of beryllium and thallium.
Detection limits for beryllium ranged from 0.04 pgL to 20 pg/L compared to the MTCA Method B
cleanup level of 0.0203 pglL. Thallium detection limits ranged from 0.80 pg/L to 50 pg/L compared to
the MTCA Method B cleanup level of 1.12 p a. Beryllium and thallium were generally not detected.
Neither metal was identified as a compound of concern in surface water. The sample analyses were
performed such that the lowest detection limit reasonably achievable given the individual sample matrix
was obtained.
Site groundwater data collected from monitoring wells were compared to MTCA.values and applicable
criteria designated in WAC 173-200 as the groundwater underneath and in the surrounding area of
Holden Mine is not currently used as a drinking water source and is not anticipated to become a drinking
water source in the foreseeable future. Groundwater collected from a drinking water well located at
Lucerne at the USFS Guard Station was compared to MTCA and the federal maximum contaminant
levels (MCLs) for drinking water as the well supplies water for USFS volunteers and occasional visitors.
To assess PCOCs, the Site groundwater data collected from groundwater monitoring wells were
compared to the MTCA Method A cleanup levels .for If MTCA Method A levels were not
available, data were compared to MTCA Method B cleanup levels. Constituent concentrations detected
above MTCA cleanup levels were considered, PCOCs in groundwater. Calcium, magnesium, potassium,
\\DM-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATAWO5\REPORTSWOLDEN-2UUU-Od 5-39
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FlNAL RI REPORT

and sodium were not evaluated as these metals are considered nutrient metals and MTCA levels are not
established. MTCA also does not include a groundwater value for iron, aluminum, or barium. For those
constituents where MTCA criteria are not available, concentrations were compared to criteria designated
under WAC 173-200. The data collected from the well at Lucerne were compared to MTCA and federal
MCLs. If metal concentrations were above MTCA or the MCLs, the analyte was considered a PCOC.
The chemistry discussion for seeps focuses on the PCOCs identified for surface water in Section 5.3 as
the primary concern is due to the interaction of seeps with surface water. The PCOCs and other
compounds of interest identified for surface water include aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese,
and zinc. Seep data were compared to groundwater quality criteria to determine if exceedances were
apparent and if so, the locations where they occurred. The comparison and assessment of PCOCs was
identical to the process for data collected from the groundwater monitoring wells.
Individual metal concentfations are plotted on concentration maps by each metal designated as a PCOC in
Railroad Creek. These metals include aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc. All
discussions refer to dissolved concentrations. Discussions of constituent variability between May 1997
and September 1997 focus on monitoring well results, as most seeps were not flowing during the
September 1997 sampling event. Samples collected from seeps in May 1998 are compared to the 1997
data where appropriate.
Regional and Site groundwater quality are described in the following sections. The FU groundwater data
discussion includes background groundwater quality, and water quality from Site wells, lysimeters, and
seeps. The groundwater discussion is organized and presented beginning with a discussion on the
assessment of regional groundwater quality followed by Site groundwater quality. The Site groundwater
quality discussion includes a historical summary of previous groundwater and seep data collected on the
Site and in the area. The historical data summary is followed by background water quality based on the
results of the RI. Following the background water quality section, individual sections address
groundwater quality based on monitoring wells, lysimeters, and seeps by geographic area; Honeymoon
Heights, waste rock piles, maintenance yard, tailings pile 1, tailings pile 2, and tailings pile 3. Historical
data were compared to the RI data where station locations are considered compatible. At the end of the
section is a summary that identifies the occurrence of PCOCs by geographic area. Human health and
.
ecological risks associated with groundwater and seeps in the area are further assessed in Section 7.0.
5.4.1 Regional Groundwater Quality
A water-quality assessment was completed historically by others in the Lake Chelan Basin; the
assessment included the installation of groundwater monitoring wells at 26 locations in the lower Lake
Chelan basin as part of a Lake Chelan water quality assessment (Patmont, 1989). Metals analyses were
not completed on samples collected. pH and specific conductance ranged from 6.8 to 7.5 SU and 99 to
490 CLmhos/cm2 in background wells completed in surficial materials. One well in the basin was
completed in bedrock; four samples were collected from the well with a mean pH of 7.0 SU and mean
specific conductance of 590 pmhoslcm2 (Patrnont, 1989).
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5-40 DAMES & MOORE

5.4.2 Site Groundwater Quality
The distribution and concentrations of metals and other chemical constituents From samples collected
during the RI From Site monitoring wells, lysimeters, and seeps is described in the following sections.
Topics discussed include distribution of concentrations and seasonal variability of results. As described in
Section 4.4, two groundwater systems occur at the Site, one within the tailings, and the other in the
alluvial/reworked till unit.
Groundwater monitoring wells are identified based on geologic unit in which the wells were screened
during installation. "A" series wells monitor groundwater from the alluviaUreworked till unit (TPl-1 A,
TPl-2A, TPl-3A, TPI -4A, TPl-5A, TP1-6A, PZ-1 A, PZ3A, TP2-4A, TP2-5A, TP2-8A, TP2- I I A, PZ-
6A, TP3-6A, TP3-IOA) and "B" and "C" series wells are screened within the tailings (PZ-IB). Additional
wells without a series designation (HV-3, HBKG-I, HBKG-2, TP3-4, TP3-8, TP3-9, DS-I, DS-2) monitor
the alluviaVreworked till unit or other native materials.
Lysimeter results are reflective of tailings groundwater chemistry in the unsaturated portion of the tailings
piles. Samples collected from lysimeters are identified with an "L" suffix (TPI -2L, TPI -3L. TPl-4L, TPI -
6L, TP3-4L, TP3-6L, TP3-IOL). Seep discharge from the tailings piles is assumed to represent tailings
groundwater discharge along either fractures in cemented tailings or water perched on a lower permeability
layer at the base of the tailings. Seep discharge from the waste rock piles or the banks of Railroad Creek
other than the tailings piles is assumed to be indicative of water percolating through the piles or
alluviaVreworked till. Seeps are identified by a "SP" prefix. Samples were numbered based on sequencing
in the field. The relationship of surface water and groundwater interaction with respect to seeps was
previously described in Sections 4.3 and 4.4.
5.4.2.1 Historical Groundwater and Seep Data
Groundwater
Groundwater samples were collected from groundwater monitoring wells during three previous sampling
events completed by others at the Site. In June and August 1991, the USBM collected samples from
selected wells on tailings piles 2 and 3. In 1995, the USBM collected samples from wells and lysimeters
on tailings pile 2, and from wells HBKG-I and HBKG-2. The results are summarized on Table 5.4-3. In
general, aluminum, copper, lead, and zinc concentrati.ons in samples collected in 1991 and 1995 are
higher,than were found in samples from the RI sampling at the same locations.
The USBM groundwater data were found to have limited use in the RI due to: (1) the limited list of
metals analyzed when compared to those metals analyzed for the RI; (2) relatively high detection limits;
(3) the limited number of wells sampled by USBM when compared to the RI; (4) analytical data that were
suspect due to concentrations being significantly higher than those analyzed during the R-I (i.e., copper
and zinc); and (5) the absence of quality assurancelquality control documentation for the USBM data.
Therefore, the USBM data are not included in the RI groundwater discussion presented hereafter.
Seeps
Seep samples were collected by the USGS in July 1994 (Kilburn, et al., 1994), July 1995 (Kilburn and
Sutley, 1996), May 1996 (Kilburn and Sutley, 1997), and September 1996 (Kilburn and Sutley,
\WM-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATA\OO5WPORTSWOLDEN-2UU 5-4 1
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preliminary report 1997). Sample locations are shown on Figure 5.4-2. Analytical data are summarized
in Table 5.4-4. These studies identified the general character of the seeps and delineated two distinct seep
chemistries: (1) acidic to highly acidic, iron-dominant seeps from the base of the tailings piles, and (2)
chemically discriminate seeps of low iron concentrations and high zinc and copper concentrations
(Kilburn and Sutley, 1996). In general, water chemistry results for seeps sampled by the USGS are
comparable to data collected during the RI.
5.4.2.2 Background Groundwater Quality
As stated previously in Section 5.1.3, evaluation of representative background groundwater quality at the
Site is a difficult component to assess due to the relatively complex hydrogeologic conditions.
Groundwater occurs in both bedrock and the overlying glacial soil and alluvium. Groundwater movement
within the bedrock in the watershed is anticipated to be limited to fmctures in the bedrock. The intent of
the RI was to collect background data from wells and seeps located outside of the observed influence of
the Holden Mine. Samples were collected from monitoring wells HV-3 located in Holden Village,
HBKG-1, and HBKG-2 during May and September 1997 to assess background groundwater quality.
Two seeps were sampled to assess background, SP-26 in July and September 1997 and SP-27 in May
1998.
Monitoring well HV-3 (H-3) is located on the north side of Railroad Creek and topographically above
Holden Village (Figure 5.4-1). The well monitors either glacial till or colluvium. Metal concentrations
detected in samples collected from well HV-3 in May and September 1997 were below MTCA Method A
and B levels. Beryllium was not detected in the samples, but the detection limits (0.2 to 1 Cc/L) reported
were above the MTCA Method B level (0.0203 pg/L). Metal concentrations did not appear to fluctuate
seasonally with the exception of potassium and sodium, which decreased from the spring to the fall. The
pH was neutral (6.6 and 6.5 SU).
Well HBKG-1 was originally installed as a background' well, however, its location is directly
downgradient of the maintenance yard and water chemistry indicates that the groundwater at this location
is affected. This well was not considered further for background groundwater quality assessment. The
data collected from this well is discussed in the maintenance yard section.
Monitoring well HBKG-2 is located to the east of the ball field and campground, adjacent to a road that
historically crossed Railroad Creek during the operation of the Holden Mine. However, it has been
reported that waste rock was used as fill material to construct the road. Therefore, groundwater samples
collected from this well may not be representative of background water chemistry. Cadmium, copper,
and zinc concentrations were below MTCA levels; however, in May, the concentrations were elevated 3
to 15 times above those detected in HV-3 indicating that the groundwater collected at HBKG-2 may be
affected. Concentrations were similar in September 1997. The data from HBKG-2 was not considered
further for assessment of background groundwater quality.
A reconnaissance was perfom'ed on the south side of Railroad Creek upvalley between the Site and Big
Creek to locate seeps that may be indicative of groundwater quality in the area unaffected by mining
activities at the Holden Mine. Two seeps, SP-26 and SP-27, were identified to assess background
groundwater quality. SP-26 is located adjacent to Railroad Creek near sampling station RC-6, west of the
Site (Figure 5.4-1). Samples were collected from seep SP-26 in July 1997 and September 1997. A
DAMES & MOORE

sample was not collected during the spring melt due to safety concerns resulting from high stream flow in
Railroad Creek. Aluminum, copper, iron, and zinc concentrations in SP-26 ranged from

time frame. The concentration of each of these metals increased from SP-14 Upper, to SP-14, and finally
to SP-14 Lower with the exception of iron. Iron at SP-14 Lower (30 pg/L) was similar to SP-14 Upper
(~20 pg/L). The iron concentration at SP-14 (480 pgL) was above the samples collected at SP-14 Upper
and SP-14 Lower. Field pH readings ranged from 4.5 to 6.1 SU. The lowest pH (4.5 SU) was recorded at
SP-14 Lower. Minor seepage was observed flowing from the 800-level waste rock pile and into the
intermittent drainage during a Site visit in June 1998.
Samples were collected from the lower portion of the Honeymoon Heights drainage at seeps SP-23 and
SP-23B in May 1997, SP-23 UP in July 1997, and SP-23 and SP-23 Vent ~6ad in October 1997.
Additionally, samples were collected weekly at SP-23 from May 23, 1997 to June 16, 1997 to assess
event-related variability. SP-23 was also sampled in May 1998. SP-23 Up is located on the upside of the
1500-level ventilator portal road in line with the SP-23 drainage. Sample SP-23 Vent Rd. is located in the
drainage as it crosses the portal ventilator road. Sample locations are shown on Figure 5.4-1.
Seeps SP-23 and SP-23B were both sampled originally on May 23, 1997. Concentrations of aluminum,
cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc at SP-23 were generally above SP-23B concentrations but within
an order of magnitude. lron was not detected at either location. Aluminum, cadmium, copper,
manganese, and zinc continually decreased at SP-23 from May 23 through June 16, 1997. This location
was not sampled during the July 1997 field effort as it was not flowing. A sample was collected in
October 1997 after a precipitation event. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, and zinc in
October were similar to those detected on June 16, 1997. Manganese increased from 79 pg/L to 128 pg/L.
Iron was not detected at SP-23 during any of the 1997 field sampling events. A sample was collected at
SP-23 in May 1998. Concentrations fo; aluminum, cadmium, copper, maiganese, and zinc were slightly
below' concentrations detected in May 1997. Iron was not detected.
SP-23 Up was sampled in July 1997. Seeps lower in the drainage were not flowing during this sampling
event. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc at SP-23 Up were above
concentrations detected at SP-23 but within the same of order of magnitude. lron was not detected.
SP-23 Vent Rd. was sampled in October 1997. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper,
manganese, and zinc were similar to those detected at SP-23 Up in July and to SP-23 in October. lron
was not detected at SP-23 Vent Rd.
Field pH measurements at the SP-23 locations (SP-23, SP-23B, SP-23 Up, and SP-23 Vent Rd.) ranged
from 4.2 to 5 SU.
SP-12 is located adjacent to Railroad Creek, downstream of SP-23 and upstream of the mouth of the
portal drainage. Samples were collected in May and July 1997. Aluminum, cadmium, copper, and zinc
concentrations were similar during both sampling events. Manganese increased from 53 pg/L in May to
93 pg/L in July. Iron was not detected at SP-12. Field pH measurements ranged from 5.03 to 5.48 SU.
SP-12 was not flowing during the fall 1997 field event and was not sampled.
\U)M~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATAUX)~\REWRTSWOLDEN-~UUU~.~OC 5-44 : DAMES
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& MOORE

I
Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc at SP-23 in May were 2 to 6 times
above concentrations detected at SP-12. The two locations were sampled on the same day during the May
field event.
A sample (A-1) was collected fiorn ponded water behind the partially collapsed opening at the 1 100 level
portal in July 1997. Aluminum and iron were not detected. Cadmium (2.32 p a), copper (120 l a),
manganese (27.8 p@), and zinc (257 pg/L) were detected. A field pH measurement was collected and
indicated a neutral pH (8 SU). The concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese. and zinc
at A-1 in July were below concentrations detected at SP-14 Lower in October 1997 and at the SP-23
locations sampled in May, June, July, and October 1997.
Comparison to Groundwater Quality Criteria
The data were compared to criteria designated in MTCA and WAC 173-200. The following PCOCs were
identified based on this evaluation.
Summary
SP- 14 Upper
SP-14
SP-14 Lower
SP-23 UP
SP-23 Vent Rd
SP-23
SP-23B
SP- 12
A- l
Spring
Not Sampled
Cu pH
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Cd, C& Zn, pH
Cd, Cu, pH
C4 Cu, pH
Not Sampled
Summer
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
C4 Cu
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Cd Cu, pH
None
Fall
pH (storm event)
Fe. pH
Cd, Cu, pH (storm event)
Not Sampled
Cd. Cu, pH (storm event)
Cd Cu, pH (storm event)
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Samples were collected in the Honeymoon Heights Drainage from above the ore body (SP-14 Upper) to
Railroad Creek (SP-23, SP-12). A sample (A- 1) was also collected from ponded water at the 1 100 portal
located in the drainage. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc increased
from SP-14 Upper to SP- 14 Lower and again fiom SP- 14 Lower to SP-23. Iron was not detected or
detected at or near the detection limit at all sample locations during each field event with one exception.
Iron was detected at SP-14 in September 1997 at a concentration of 480 pa. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc detected at SP-12 were 2 to 6 times
below concentrations at SP-23. Iron was not detected. Concentrations of these metals detected at A-1
were below those detected at SP-23 and SP- 14 Cower.
Cadmium, copper and zinc were identified & PCOCs at various sample locations in the Honeymoon
Heights drainage. Additionally, pH was identified as a PCOC at some locations as the measured values
ranged from 4.5 to 6.1 SU, outside of the 6.5 to 8.5 SU criteria (WAC 173-200). Samples collected in the
fall were generally the result of a precipitation event.
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5.4.2.4 Waste Rock Piies
Seep samples associated with the two waste rock piles adjacent to (east and west of) the abandoned mill
building were sampled in 1997. Sample locations are shown on Figure 5.4-1, and analytical data is
summarized in Table 5.4-2.
West Waste Rock Pile
Seep SP-6 originates from the base of the west waste rock pile. A sample was collected in May 1997.
Concentrations of aluminum (14,600 pa), cadmium (173 pa), copper (12,700 pa),. manganese
(1,160 p a), and zinc (22,100 pg/L) were above concentrations detected in additional seep or pond areas
associated with the waste rock pile, as discussed below. Iron was detected at 30 p a. pH was acidic (4.2
SU). The seep was not flowing during sampling events in June, July, and September 1997, thus only one
sample was collected during the spring snowmelt in May.
The inferred flow path of water exiting the west waste rock pile at SP-6 indicates that seeps SP-1 5W and
SP- 1 SE followed by SP- 16 (lagoon) are related. Samples were collected at SP- 15W in May 1997 and at
SP-I 5E and SP-16 in May, July, and October 1997. Additionally, samples were collected at SP- 15E
weekly from May 22 to June 16, 1997 to assess event-related variability.
Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc at locations SP- 15 W, SP- 1 SE,
and SP-16 ranged from

. <
The data from seeps SP-1 and SP-2 were compared to groundwater quality criteria as well as the
monitoring wells. The following PCOCs were identified in monitoring wells and seeps associated with
tailings pile 1.
TPI-1A
TPl-2A
TPlJA
TP I -4A
TP 1 -5A
TP 1 -6A
SP-I
SP-2
Tailings Pile 2
Spring
Fe, Mn, TDS, so,, pH
Be, Fe, Mn. TDS, SO,, pH
Fe, Mn, Zn, TDS, SO,. pH
None
Fe, Mn, Zn, TDS, So,, pH
Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, TDS, SO4, pH
Be, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, TDS, SO4. pH
As, Be, Cd, Cy Fe, Mn, Zn, TDS,
SO,, color, pH
Summer
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Cd, Fe, Mn, TDS, SO4. pH
Cd, Cu, Fe. Mn, TDS, SO4, color,
PH
Fall
Fe, Mn. TDS. SO,, pH
Fe, Mn ,TDS, SO,, pH
Fe, Mn. TDS. SO4, pH
so,
Fe. Mn, TDS, SO4, pH
Cd, Cy Fe, TDS. SO,, pH
Not Sampled
Fe, Mn, TDS. SO4, pH
Groundwater samples were collected from monitoring wells (PZ-lA, PZ-lB, PZ-3A, TP2-4A, TP2-5A,
TP2-8A, and TP2-1 IA), and seeps (SP-3 and SP-4) at the base of the tailings pile.
Samples from monitoring wells PZ- I B, PZ-3A, TP2-4A, TP2-5A, TP2-8A, and TP2- 1 1 A were collected
during two sampling events in the spring and fall of 1997. PZ-1A was sampled only in the spring as the
well was dry in the fall. With the exception of PZ-lB, these wells were screened in the alluvial material
underneath the tailings pile. PZ-1B was screened within the pilings. The data were compared to MTCA
Method A and Method B cleanup levels. Metal concentrations were below MTCA levels with the
exception of arsenic at PZ-3A, cadmium in the spring at TP2-8A, and manganese at wells PZ-IB, and
TP2-8A. Arsenic at PZ-3A was 5 to 6 pg/L, just above the MTCA Method A level (5 pg/L). Cadmium
was 7 pg/L at TP2-8A, just above the MTCA Method A level (5 pg/L). Manganese ranged from 1,120 to
2,910 pg/L, above the MTCA Method B dleanup level of 747 pg/L. iron concentrations ranged from

Seep data were compared to MTCA groundwater levels and water quality criteria provided in WAC 173-
200. The PCOCs identified for seeps and monitoring wells associated with tailings pile 2 are summarized
below. I
PZ-1A
PZ- 1 B
PZJA
TR-4A
TP2-5A ,
TP2-8A
TPZ-I 1A
SP-3
SP-4
Tailings Pile 3
Spring
Fe, pH
Fe, Mn, TDS, SO4
As, color, Fe, TDS, SO4
Fe, TDS, SO4
S04, pH
Mn, TDS, SO4, pH
pH
As, Be, Cd, Cu, Fe. Mn, TDS,
sod, PH
Cd, Fe, Mn, TDS, SO4, pH
Summer
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
, NotSampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Cd, Fe, Mn. TDS, Sod, pH
Cd, Fe, Mn, TDS, SO4, pH
Fall
Not Sampled
Fe. Mn, .TDS. SO4, pH
As, Fe, TDS, SO4
Fe, TDS, SO4
Not Sampled
Mn, TDS. SO4, pH
ms, so,, pH
Fe, Mn, TDS, SO4, pH
Not Sampled
Groundwater samples were collected from monitoring wells (PZ~A, TP3-4, TP3-6A, TP3-8, TP3-9, and
TP3-IOA), lysimeters (TP3-4L, TP3-6L, TP3-LOL), and seeps SP-5, SP-17, and SP-18. Samples were
also collected from monitoring wells DS-I and DS-2 and seep SP-21 east of tailings pile 3. Sample
locations are shown on Figure 5.4-1 and analytical data are summarized on Tables 5.4-1 and 5.4-2.
Sample data from monitoring wells screened underneath tailings pile 3 were collected in the spring and
fall of 1997 with the exception of TP3-4 which was sampled only in the spring. Data were compared to
..- MTCA Method A and B cleanup levels. Metals were below MTCA with the exception of lead'at TP3-4
in the spring and manganese at PZ-6A and TP3-9 in the spring and fall, and at TP3-8 and TP3- 1 OA in the
fall. Cadmium at TP3-4 was 14 pg/L compared to the MTCA Method A cleanup level of 5 pg/L.
Manganese concentrations ranged from 1,370 to 3,490 pg/L,.above the MTCA Method B cleanup level of
747 pg/L. Lead and manganese are identified as.PCOCs in the wells noted. Iron concentration in wells
on tailings pile 3 ranged from

collected as these seeps were not flowing in July or September. The concentrations of aluminum,
cadmium, copper, and zinc at SP-11 were approximately 5 to 150 times the concentrations detected at SP-
9. Iron was not detected at either location. Manganese was not detected at SP-9 and was detected at a
concentration of 37.3 pg/L at SP-I 1. Field pH measurements at the two locations ranged from 5.8 to 6.4
su.
The concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc detected at seep SP-11 were
well below concentrations at SP-16 detected in May. Iron was similar.
Samples were collected from SP-16 in May and July 1997 for analysis of PCBs and total petroleum
hydrocarbons (TPH). PCBs were not detected and this analysis was eliminated in the fall 1997 sampling
event. TPH in the motor oil range was detected in July 1997. A sample was collected in September 1997
>and analyzed for TPH. TPH was not detected.
The data for seeps associated with the west waste rock pile were compared to groundwater quality
criteria. The following PCOCs were identified.
SP-6
SP-ISE
SP-ISW
SP-16
SP-9
SP-1 I
TDS -Total Dissolved Solids
East Waste ~ock'pile
Spring
Cd, Cu, Mn, Zn, TDS, SOc pH
Be, Cd, Cy Zn, pH
Cd
Cd, Cu, Zn, pH
PH
As, Cd, pH
Summer
Not Sampled
Cd, Cu
Not Sampled
Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn. Zn, pH
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Fall
Not Sampled
Cd, Cu, Zn, pH (storm event)
Not Sampled
Cd, Cu, Mn, pH
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Seep SP-8 originates from the base of the east waste rock pile. A single sample was collected in May
1997. Concentrations of aluminum (9,620 pg/L), cadmium (87.8 pg/L), copper (7,880 pg/L), manganese
(419 pg/L), and zinc (1 1,200 pg/L) were above concentrations detected in seeps associated with SP-8 as
discussed below. Iron was detected at a low concentration of 30 p a. pH was acidic, 4.6 SU. The seep
was not flowing during sampling events in June, July, and September 1997, thus only one sample was
collected during the spring snowmelt in May.
The inferred flow path of water exiting the waste rock pile at SP-8 indicates that overland seep SP-19 and
seeps SP- 1OW and SP-1OE are related. Samples were collected at SP-19, SP-IOE, and SP- I OW in May
1997 and additionally at SP-IOW in July 1997. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper,
manganese, and zinc continually decrease in May from SP-8 to SP- 19 and finally to SP- I OE and SP- 1 OW
located at Railroad Creek. Iron ranges from 30 to 70 pg/L at SP-8, SP-19 and SP-IOW. Iron (14,100
pa) at SP-IOE is significantly above concentrations in the other related seeps including SP-8 and
appears to be influenced by tailings pile 1. Field pH measurements at SP-19 and SP-I OW ranged from
4.2 to 4.7 SU. The pH measured at SP-IOE was 3.3 SU.
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The data for seeps associated with the east waste rock pile were compared to groundwater quality criteria.
The following PCOCs were identified.
SP-8
SP-19
SP-IOW
SP-I OE
5.4.2.5 Maintenance Yard
Spring
Cd, Ck Zn, pH
Cd, Cu, Zn, pH
Cd, CU pH
Cd Cu, Fe, pH
Summer
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Cb Cu, pH
Not Sampled
Fall
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Samples were collected from seeps (SP-7, SP-22, SP-24, and SP-25) and a groundwater monitoring well
(HBKG-1) associated directly or indirectly to the maintenance yard. Seep samples were collected in May
1997 at each seep and well. Additional samples were collected at SP-7 in July and September and at
HBKG-1 in September. Sample locations are shown on Figure 5.4-1. Analytical data are summarized in
Tables 5.4- 1 and 5.4-2.
Aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc concentrations ranged From 20 to 1,790 pg/L, 26
to 48 p a, 1,930 to 7,560 pg/L, 120 to 710 pg/L, 116 to 451 pgk, and 3,470 to 6,430 pg/L, respectively.
The lowest concentrations were detected in July, followed by May then September with the exception of
manganese which was lowest in May, followed by July then September. Field pH measurements ranged
from 4.7 to 6.9 SU. The lowest pH (4.7 SU) was measured in September, followed by May (5.6 SU) and
July (6.9 SU).
One sample was collected in May 1997. Additional samples were not collected as the seep was not
flowing in July or September. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc
at SP-22 were 190 pg/L, 47.5 pg/L, 2,140 p a,

SP-25
One sample was collected in May 1997. Additional samples were not collected as the seep was not
flowing in July or September. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc
at SP-25 were 890 p&, 34.1 pg/L, 1,880 pg/L,

in wells TP1- 1A. TPl-2A, TPI-3A, TPI-5A and during the spring round only in monitoring well TP I -
6A. Zinc was above the MTCA Method B cleanup level (4800 pgk) in samples collected in the spring
and fall from monitoring well TPl-3A and in the spring from wells TPI-SA and TPI-6A. All other
metals were below MTCA cleanup levels where established. Iron concentrations in the wells screened
below tailings pile 1 ranged from not detected (< 20 pg/L) at TPI-4A in fall 1997 to 1,690,000 pg/L at
TPl-2A in fall 1997. With the exception of TPl-4A, concentrations of iron were greater than 79,500
pg/L, Field pH ranged from 4.1 to 5.5 SU. Concentrations plots for pH, aluminum, cadmium, copper,
iron, manganese, and zinc are shown on Figures 5.4-3 through 5:4-16.
Groundwater samples were collected from lysirneters (TPl-2L, TPI-3L, TPI-4L, and TPl-6L) completed
within the tailings in tailings pile 1. Sample results for dissolved metals were collected in the spring and
fall of 1997. Generally, dissolved metal concentrations for lysimeter and groundwater monitoring wells
were similar at the same locations. Exceptions were aluminum, copper, cadmium, iron, manganese, and
zinc, which showed increases and decreases dependent upon location and may be indicative of the
varying material deposited in the tailings pile, as well as the level of saturation.
Seep samples were collected from SP-1 and SP-2 at the base of tailings pile 1. SP-I was sampled in May
and July 1997.. SP-2 was sampled in May, July, and September 1997. Additionally, samples were
collected at SP-2 weekly from May 18 to June 16 to assess event-related variability and after a rain event
in October 1997. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc ranged from
27,100 to 121,000 pg/L, 6 to 22.8 pg/L, 101 to 914 pg/L, 487,000 to 1,260,000 pg/L, 3,380 to 6.3 10
pg/L, and 2,050 to 6,120 pg/L, respectively. pH ranged from 2.9 to 3.9 SU. Concentrations of cadmium
and iron were similar at SP-1 and SP-2. Aluminum, copper, manganese, and zinc generally were higher
at SP-2 than SP-I, but within an order of magnitude.
The concentration of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese and zinc generally decreased at SP-2
during the weekly sampling from May 18 to June 16, 1997. Iron increased during the same timeframe.
pH ranged from 2.9 to 3.2. Concentrations for aluminum, copper, iron, and manganese increased in July
and then decreased in September. pH was 2.9 to 3.1 SU. The sample collected after the rain event in
October 1997 contained concentrations of metals similar to those detected in September.
SP-I and SP-2 were sampled in May 1998. Concentrations of aluminum, manganese, and zinc are similar
to 1997 results. Cadmium and copper appeared to decrease in 1998 and iron increased, but results were
well within an order of magnitude compared to 1997.
Samples were collected from SP-I and SP-2 in May and July for analysis for PCBs and TPH. PCBs and
TPH were not detected. A sample was collected from SP-2 in September for TPH analysis. TPH was not
detected.
'

Seep samples were collected at SP-5, SP-17, SP-18, and SP-21 east of tailings pile 3 in May and July
1997. Additionally, a sample was collected at SP-21 in September and after a rain event in October 1997.
Metal concentrations (aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) decreased significantly
from May to July. At seep locations SP-17, and SP-18, concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper.
iron, manganese, and zinc tended to be similar in May and July. At SP-2 1, concentrations were similar or
decreased slightly from May to July. July and September concentrations were similar at SP-21 with the
exception of iron and manganese, which increased approximately 2 times. The data collected at SP-21
after the rain event in October was similar to the September sampling with the exception of slight
increases in aluminum and iron.
The concentrations of metals at SP-17 were significantly below the concentrations at SP-5, SP-18 and SP-
21. Concentrations at SP-5 were similar to those detected at SP-18 in May. In July, SP-5 was
significantly below SP-18. The concentrations of metals at SP-21 were an order of magnitude below SP-
5 and SP-18 in May. The pH measured at SP-17 ranged from 6.4 to 7.4 SU. The pH at locations SP-5,
SP- 1 8, and SP-2 1 ranged from 3.4 to 5.4 SU with the lowest pH readings occurring at SP- 1 8 and SP-5.
Seep samples SP-5, SP-17 and SP-18 were compared to MTCA groundwater levels and groundwater
quality criteria designated in WAC 173-200. Seep SP-21 was compared to surface water quality criteria
instead of groundwater criteria as this seep is more indicative of surface water and available for aquatic
habitat. The following PCOCs are identified in monitoring wells and seeps associated with the east side
of tailings pile 3.
5.4.2.7 Holden Village
A sample was collected from seep SP-13, which originates as drainage from beneath two of the buildings
in the southern portion of Holden Village and was noted to flow only during the snowmelt runoff period.
Analytical data are summarized in Table 5.4-2. Aluminum and copper were not detected. Concentrations
of cadmium, iron, manganese, and zinc were 0.31 pa, 330 pg/L, 74 p/L, and 71 pg/L, respectively.
Field pH was 6 SU. The data were compared to groundwater quality criteria. Iron (330 pg/L) and pH
were outside of water quality criteria (300 pg/L and 6.5 SU, respectively).
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5.4.2.8 Lucerne Well
The well at the Lucerne USFS guard station was sampled in both May and September 1997. The data
collected were compared to MTCA cleanup levels and federal MCLs. Metal concentrations detected
were not above MTCA cleanup levels. Iron (3 10 p@) detected in the sample collected in June 1997 was
just above the secondary federal MCL (300 pg/L). The concentration detected in October 1997 decreased
to 200 pg/L. Iron was identified as a PCOC at Lucerne. Measured pH (5.25 to 5.49 SU) was below
groundwater quality criteria (6.5 to 8.5 SU).
5.4.3 Interstitial Pore Water Data and Mill Building Drip Water
5.4.3.1 Interstitial Pore Water
Samples of interstitial pore water (BKG, TP1-2, TP2-1, TP2-2, TP3-1, TP3-2, and DG) were collected in
April 1994 from locations shown on Figure 5.4-1 (USBM, 1994). Samples were reportedly collected by
pushing a syringe fitted with a Teflon tip into the streambed and withdrawing the water from between the
particles of the streambed. Due to potential problems with sample collection technique and unavailability
of quality assurance information related to sample data, these data are considered usefbl for screening
purposes only. Analytical results are summarized on Table 5.4-5.
Results from sample location BKG, upstream of the tailings piles, indicate neutral pH (7.3) and low metal
concentratioris. Aluminum and copper concentrations were below detection limits and iron and zinc
concentrations were 20 pg/L.
' Generally, metal concentrations increased at TP1-2 relative to BKG data. The highest interstitial iron
concentration (95,000 p a) was present at PI-2. The pH from sample TP1-2 was 3.4 SU.
Sample TP2-1 also containkd low pH and higher iron, aluminum, and copper concentrations than detected
at BKG. pH for sample TP2-1 was 4.0 SU. Aluminum (17;000 pg/L) and copper (250 p/L)
concentrations measured at TP2-1 were higher by at least an order of magnitude than in the additional
samples collected.
Samples downstream of location TP2-1 indicate that pH becomes less acidic and dissolved metal
concentrations decrease from TP2- 1 downstream to TP3-2, with the exception of lead.
Sample DG-1 was collected downstream of the northeast corner of tailings pile 3. Iron (22,000 pa) and
zinc (6,000 pgL) concentrations detected in sample DG-I were higher than concentrations at TP3-2 by
100 times or greater.
5.4.3.2 Mill Building Drip Water
Two samples of water dripping off surfaces within the mill building were collected in 1995 (Kilburn and
Sutley, 1996) and an additional seven samples were collected in 1996 (Kilburn and Sutley, 1997). These
samples contained concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc, ranging
from 32 to 76,000 pg/L, 22 to 3000 pg/L, 450 to 650,000 pgL, not detected to >500,000 pg/L, 56 to
33,000 and '3,200 to 350,000 pa, respectively. Dissolved metals results for the samples are
summarized in Table 5.4-6.
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-

5.4.4 Groundwater Summary
Groundwater samples were collected from monitoring wells located in Holden Village. west of Holden
Village near the baseball field, on the Site downgradient of the maintenance yard, in tailings piles 1, 2,
and 3, east of tailings pile 3, and from a single well located at Lucerne. Samples were also collected from
lysimeters completed within tailings piles 1 and 3. Seep samples were included as part of the
groundwater quality assessment based on the apparent relationship to underground water sources.
Samples were collected from seeps located on the Site and on the banks of Railroad Creek upgradient,
adjacent to, and downgradient of the Holden Mine.
Samples were collected during sampling events in the spring, summer, and fall of 1997. The samples
were analyzed for dissolved metals, conventional parameters, and field parameters as outlined in the
SAPS and QAPPs. Select groundwater and seep samples were analyzed for organic constituents (PCBs '
and TPH).
The data collected from monitoring wells and seeps were compared to MTCA cleanup levels and WAC
173-200 to assess PCOCs. The sample collected at Lucerne was also compared to federal MCLs as the
water from this well is a current drinking water source for the Lucerne community. PCOCs were
identified if metal concentrations were above MTCA cleanup levels, outside of WAC 173-200 criteria, or
above MCLs. Data collected at SP-21 were compared to surface water quality criteria rather than
groundwater criteria as this location is available to support aquatic life. Arsenic, beryllium, cadmium,
copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc were identified as PCOCs at one or more monitoring well
locations. Arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc were above groundwater
criteria at various seeps in the west and east portions of the site. Additionally, pH, sulfate, and total
dissolved solids were commonly assessed as PCOCs at both monitoring well and seep locations. The
PCOCs at seeps were generally similar to PCOCs identified in monitoring wells in the same geographic
areas. Cadmium, copper, and zinc were identified as PCOCs at SP-21. A summary of PCOCs by
individual sample location is provided at the end of each subsection in Section 5.4.2. A general summary
of PCOCs is tabulated in Table 5.4-7.
The primary potential concern regarding seeps at the Site and in the Site area is the relation to surface
water quality in Railroad Creek. Aluminum, cadmium, copper,'iron, manganese, and zinc concentrations
were evaluated at each seep location. Additionally, the relationship of seeps within each geographical
area as designated in Section 4.0 were discussed based on metal results. The relationship of the seeps to
surface water quality is discussed in Section 6.0 as part of the fate and transport discussion.
Lysimeter data were compared to monitoring well data at each location sampled. These data were not
used to assess PCOCs. .
5.5 SEDIMENT
5.5.1 Railroad Creek
Sediment in Railroad Creek consists primarily of large grain size, including boulder, cobble and large
gravel. Previous evaluations of sediment grain size completed by PNL (1 992) upstream and adjacent to the
Site indicate that the cobble and boulder fraction of streambed sediment is on the order of 90%. PNL (1992)
further reports that the boulderlcobble fraction diminishes to 70% downstream of the Site (and upstream of
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Ninemile Creek) with a corresponding increase in graveYsand and silt fraction. The change in substrate size
is related to channel slope and overall geomorphol~gic conditions (Section 4.3).
Assessment of sediment chemical characteristics as it relates to mining activities is difficult because of the
generally large grain sizes encountered. Therefore, previous sediment quality investigations have tended to
focus on the smaller grain size fraction. None of the investigations attempted to evaluate the depositional
environment or how representative the sediment samples that were collected are to typical conditions in
Railroad Creek. Sediment samples were not collected from Railroad Creek or tributaries to Railroad Creek
during the RI. Historical sediment data is described below.
Stream sediment samples were previously collected by USGS (1994), U.S. Bureau of Mines (1995), and
Ecology (1997). The historical data is summarized in Table 5.5-1. Historical samples did not include
ferricrete or flocculent media. The locations of historic sediment samples are shown on Figures 5.5-1 and
5.5-la. Metal concentrations in samples collected upstream of the Site (USGS, 1994) and tributaries to
Railroad Creek were all below Ecology's proposed Freshwater Sediment Quality Values (FSQV. 1997),
with the exception of copper at USGS station 346, which was 1,000 mgkg compared to the FSQV (340
mg/kg).
Sediment samples were collected at stations adjacent to and downstream of the Holden Mine. The data
were compared to upstream concentrations and FSQVs. Generally, .metals were below upstream
concentrations with the exception of cadmium, copper, iron, lead, and silver, which were above upstream
concentrations in a limited number of samples. Cadmium, copper, and silver were below FSQVs. An
FSQV is not established for iron. Iron was above upstream concentrations at only one location, station 350,
which is located east of Tailings Pile 3 in the area near location SP-18. .
Ecology (1997) compared metals concentrations in sediment samples collected from Railroad Creek to
assumed background levels for stream sediments in Washington, and sediment quality guidelines. The
comparison indicates that sediments in Railroad Creek upstream of the Site contained concentrations of
zinc, copper and lead at or below expected background levels, and were below concentrations for FSQVs.
Concentrations of'zinc and copper were reported to be above typical background conditions in sediment
samples collected in Railroad Creek adjacent to the Site; however, they were also below FSQVs.
5.5.2 Lake Chelan-Lucerne Bar and Stehekin
Sediment samples were collected in the fall of 1998 from Lake Chelan at Lucerne bar and at Stehekin
near the mouth of the Stehekin River in Lake Chelan. data collected from Stehekin were used to assess
reference concentrations. Data collected at Lucerne were compared to the reference concentrations and to
Ecology's FSQVs. The samples were analyzed for a limited list of metals (aluminum, arsenic, cadmium,
copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc) based on PCOCs identified in Railroad Creek. Additionally, the
samples were analyzed for total solids, total organic carbon, total volatile solids, and acid volatile solids.
The data are summarized with the statistical analysis in Tables 5.5-2 and 5.5-3. Sample locations are
shown on Figures 5.5-2 and 5.5-3.
The Stehekin reference concentrations were statistically analyzed to calculate a 90th percentile value
which is considered the reference concentration. The reference concentrations were compared to
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Ecology's FSQVs. The reference concentratioris as well as individual sample concentrations did not
exceed the FSQVs.
The concentration of metals detected at Lucerne were compared to reference concentrations and FSQVs.
Concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc were above reference concentrations. ' Cadmium and
copper were below FSQVs. Zinc was below the FSQV at all sample locations with the exception of one.
The zinc concentration (426 mgkg) at LUC-SED- 10 1598-5- 1 was just above the FSQV (4 10 mag).
Iron concentrations ranged from 15,400 to 52,800 m ag. Iron detected at sample locations LUC-SED-
10 1598-3-2 and LUC-SED- 10 1598-5- 1 was 33,200 mgkg and 52,800 mgkg, respectively. The reference
concentration was 32,297 mgkg.
5.5.3 Summary
Metal concentrations detected in sediment collected from Railroad Creek, tributaries to Railroad Creek,
and from Lake Chelan at the Lucerne bar and Stehekin were compared to FSQVs and upstream or
reference concentrations as appropriate. Concentrations were above FSQVs at only one station located in
the Copper Creek diversion for copper only, and at one sample location at Lucerne bar for zinc only.
In Railroad Creek, metal concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron, lead, and silver in sediment samples
adjacent to and downstream of the Site were above upstream condentrations at limited locations, but were
not above FSQVs. Iron concentrations were relatively consistent in Railroad Creek from upstream to
downstream stations with a single exception located adjacent to the Site that was above upstream
concentrations.
Cadmium, copper, iron and zinc in sediment samples collected at Lucerne bar were above reference
concentrations but below FSQVs with a single exception for zinc.
Zinc in Railroad Creek sediments increased from upstream stations to stations adjacent to the Site,
stabilized downstream of the Site and then increased in Railroad Creek at Lucerne. USGS station 354 is
the furthest downstream station and located at Lucerne. Zinc at this location was 330 m ag, similar'to
the concentrations detected in Lake Chelan sediments.
5.6 OTHER MEDIA
During the 1997 investigation, other media present in the creek bed were sampled and included: flocculent
and precipitate from the portal drainage (portal film), flocculent and precipitate in Railroad Creek adjacent
to the tailings piles (flocculent), and samples of the cemented iron-oxide ferricrete accumulated along the
south bank of the creek adjacent to tailings pile 1 and tailings pile 2. The flocculent and film that were
collected consisted of a coating on the larger substrate materials, and also included small size particles
deposited within the interstices of the larger grain sizes. The ferricrete samples were obtained by breaking
up large solidified blocks of the material that had formed on the south bank adjacent to tailings pile 1. Only
the flocculent and precipitate are assumed potentially transportable downstream.
The analytical results for the ferricrete, flocculent and portal film samples collected in 1997 during the R1
are presented on Table 5.6-1. Sample locations are shown on Figure 5.6.1.
\DM-SEA I\VOL I\COMMOMWP\WPDATA\00J\REPORTSWOLDEN-2W-O.doc 5-5 7
17693405-0 19Uuly 28. 1999;11:09 AM.DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

During the mine reclamation activities at the Site which included covering much of the tailings deposirs
with gravel and introduction of vegetation, an air quality study at the Sitewas conducted by the USFS in
1994 to provide the EPA with additional data required for the Preliminary Assessment of the Site conducted
in the same year. The study was completed by Air Resource Specialists under contract with the USFS and
audited by the Washington State Department of Ecology. The results of that study along with associated
quality assurance data were presented to the USFS in a preliminary data transmittal report in December
1994 (Air Resource Specialists, 1994). The study consisted of eight particulate monitoring stations: (1) one
up-valley background monitoring site; (2) three on tailings piles; (3) one between tailings piles; (4) two in
the community of Holden Village; and, (5) one down-valley from the village and tailings piles, to the east.
Monitoring began on July 3 1 and ended October 15, 1994.
The results of the particulate sampling indicated that maximum particulate concentrations were detected in
downwind sampling locations the majority of the time. The wind direction was predominantly fiom the
west, down the valley toward Lake Chelan. However, during the morning and evening transitional periods
winds from the east toward the west were not uncommon. The highest concentrations of particulates were
detected in the monitoring stations near the tailings piles. Selected particulate samples collected at seven of
the eight monitoring stations on September 23 and 29 were analyzed using EPA SW-846 methodology for
metals (aluminum, barium, calcium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium, and
zinc). A summary of the results of these analyses is provided in Table 5.7-1. These data are evaluated in
the Human Health Risk Assessment in Section 7.0.
Additional air monitoring data were not collected during the RI.
5.8 ASBESTOS
Three samples were collected in October 1997 fiom the mill building wall insulation material to determine
if asbestos-containing materials were present. Two samples were collected of the insulation, and one
sample was collected of the mortar covering the insulation material. The samples were submitted to EMSL
Analytical, Inc., in Seattle, Washington, for bulk asbestos analysis by polarized light microscopy (PLM).
Asbestos was not detected in any of the samples. The data are provided in Appendix L.
5.9 WINSTON HOMESITE UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS
A reconnaissance of the Winston home site area was performed to determine the number of remaining
underground storage tanks in the area. Approximately 38 USTs were observed in the area. Fuel product
is suspected to be present in some of the USTs. However, it is understood that the majority of fuel may
have been removed for use in Holden Village. A more thorough discussion of the results of tank
inventory was provided previously in Section 4.2.
Seven testpits were completed from 3.5 to 8 feet below ground surface (bgs) on the south perimeter of the
home site area to assess the potential presence of petroleum hydrocarbons related to the USTs in the
Winston area. Information related to the test pits was provided previously in Section 4.2. No indications
of petroleum hydrocarbons were noted in the test pits; thus, samples were not collected for chemical
analyses.
\U)M~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATA\009REPORTSWOLDEN-2WU- 5-59
17693405-019Uuly 28.1999:11:09 AMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

TABLE 5.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 11693005019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
F eature/Area
1500-Level Ma!n Portal
1500-Level Ventilator Portal
1100-Level Portal
1000-Level Portal
800-Level Portal
700-Level Portal
550-Level Portal
300-Level Portal
Abandoned Septic Field
Abandoned Surface Water Ret
Baseball FieldICampground
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
East Waste Rock Pile
' Holden Village
Holden Village Septic Field
Honeymoon Heights
Hydroelectric Plant
Intermittent Drainage
Lagoon
Lucerne Bar
iucerne Guard Station
Maintenance Yard
Mill Building
Mine Support and Waste Rock
Portal Museum
Sauna
Shop
Storage
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
USFS Guard Station
West Waste Rock Pile
Winston Home Sites
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
Geoehvsical Suwev Llnes
A-A' - NIA
81-81, NIA
82-82' NIA
C-C' NIA
D- D' NIA
E-E' NIA
H:WolOen\DraR Final RI rpt\S_5\Tables\rnapkey5,wls
7/26/99
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
SE of Holden Vlllage
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Baseball FieldlCampground
S. of Tailings Piles 1 8 2
W. of Tailings Pile 1
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Holden Village
SE of Winston Home Sites
Honeymoon Heights
W. of Tailings Pile 1
Honeymoon Heights
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Lucerne
Lucerne
Maintenance Yard
Mill Building
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
NW of Tailings Pile 1
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
USFS Guard Station
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Winston Home Sites
North of West Waste Rock Pile E.0-2.9, E.0-3.0
Tailings Pile 1 E.l-3.0
East Waste Rock Pile E.l-3.1
Tailings Pile 2 E.3-3.0, E.3-3.1
Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0. E.4-3.1
East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0, E.5-3.1
€0-3.0 Near southern boundary
D.7-3.0 Near western boundary
D.8-3.1
D.8-3.1
D.8-3.1
D.8-3.2
0.9-3.2
0.9-3.2
E.2-3.0
D.7-2.9
D.7-2.9, 0.8-2.9
E.l-3.1, E.l-3.2, E.2-3.0.
E.3-3.1
E.0-3.0, E.l-3.0
E.l-3.0, E.l-3.1
E.l-2.9, E.2-2.9
D.9-2.9, E.0-2.9
D.7-3.0, 3.1.3.2; D.8-3.0,
3.1,3.2,3.3;D.9-3.0,3.1,
3.2, 3.3
E.0-3.0
D.0-3.0, D.8-3.1, D.8-3.2,
D.8-3.3
E.0-2.9. E.O-3.0
Page 1 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.0-1
KM OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLlNGlDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
EM3-EM3
F-F
G-G'
Sam~le Locatlons
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
Groundwater Monitoring Wells
HBKG-1
HBKG-2
cc-By
H-1
H-2
HV-3lH-3
DS-1
DS-2
TP1-1A
TP1-2A
TP1-2L
TP19A
TP1-3L
TP1-4A
TP1-4L
TP1-5A
TPl-GA
TP1-6L
PZ-1A
PZ-10
PZ-1 C
PZ-2A
PZ-20
PZ-2C
PZ-3A
PZ9B
PZ-3C
TPZ-1 L
TP2-2L
TP2-4A
TP2-40
TP2-5A
TP2-50
TP2-6L
TP2-7NBS
TP2-8A
TP2-80
TP2-9L
TP2-IOL
TP2-11
TP2-11 L
TP3-4
H.U-lolden\DraR Final RI rpt\S_5\Tables\mapkey5.~ls
7/26/99
Western Mine Support Area
Western Mine Support Area
East of Tailings Pile 3
North of Tailings Piles 2 8 3
Between Tailings Piles 1 8 2
W. of Tailings Pile 1
E. of Baseball FieldlCampgr.
SW Tailings Pile 2
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Page 2 of 6
Potential background
Potential background
Background
Background
Downstream Wells:
Downstream Wells:
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RIIFS
DAMES 8 ,MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Subsurfece/Surfece Sol1
TP3-4L
TP3-5A
TP3-6A
TP3-6BL
TP37
TP3-8
TP3-9
TP3-10
TP3-1OL
PZ-4A
PZ-40
PZ4C
PZ-5A
. PZ-50
PZ-5C
PZ-6A
PZ-60
PZ-GC
Lucerne Well
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Lucerne
DMSS-1
Holden Village
DMSS-2
Holden Village
DMSS-3
Holden Village
DMSS-4
Holden Village
DMSS-5 Holden Village
DMSS-6 Holden Village
DMSS-7 Holden Village
DMSS-8
Maintenance Yard
DMSS-9
Maintenance Yard
DMSS-10 Maintenance Yard
DMSS-11 Tailings Pile 1
DMSS-12 Tailings Pile 1
DMSS-13 Tailings Pile 1
DMSS-14 Tailings Pile 2
DMSS-15 Tailings Pile 2
DMSS-16 Tailings Pile 2
DMSS-17 Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-18 Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-19 Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-20 East of Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-21 East of Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-22 East of Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-23 East of Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-24 East of Tailings Pile 3
DMSS-25 Baseball Field
DMSS-26 Wilderness Area
DMSS-27 wilderness Area
Lagoon 6" Lagoon
Lagoon 2' Lagoon
DMLGl
Lagoon
DMLG2
Lagoon
DMLG3
Lagoon
Lucerne Guard Station
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface'soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
, Page 3 of6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGmATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturelArea or Media StatioiNo. Location bv Area Coordinate Comments
Suriace Water
DMLG4
DMLG5
DMBGl
DMBG2
DMBG3
DMBG4
DMBGS
DMBG6
DMBG7
DMBG8
DMBG9
DMBGlO
DMBGll
DMBGl2
DMBG13
DMBG14
DMBG15
DMBG16
DMBG17
DMBGl8
DMBG19
DMTP1-2
DMTP1-3
DMTP1-4
DMTPIS-1
DMTP2-1
DMTP2-2
DMTP2S-1
DMTP3-1
DMTP3-2
DMTP3-3
DMTP3-4
DMTP3S-1
DMTP3E-1
DMTP3E-2
DMTP3E-3
DMTP3E-4
DMTP3E-5
DMTP3E-6
DMTPW-1
DMTPW-2
DMTPW-3
DMTPW-4
DMTPW-5
DMTPW-6
DMTPW-7
Lagoon
Lagoon
Approximately 1-mile West of Site
Holden Creek Drainage
Between Holden Creek B Hart Lake
East of Hart Lake
Between Hart Lake B Crown Point
Lyman Lakes
West of Hart Lake
West of Holden Creek
West of Big Creek
Copper Basin
Southwest of Site
South of Site
Near South Site Boundary
Near Holden Creek
Near Holden Creek
West of Site Boundary
Near Winston Home Sites
Northeast of Sie
North of Holden Village
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Imrned. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
RC-1 Railroad Creek D.7-2.9
RC-1 North Bank Railroad Creek 0.7-2.9
RC-1 South Bank Railroad Creek D.7-2.9
RC-2 Railroad Creek E.53.0
RC-2 South Bank Railroad Creek E.53.0
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil fhmple
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
H:\Holden\DraR Flnal RI rpt\S_S\Tables\mapkey5.~ls
7/26/99 Page 4 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLlNGlDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Seeps
RC-3
RC-4
RC4 South Bank
RC-5
RC-5A
RC-6
RC-6 North Bank
RC-7
RC-8
RC-8 North Bank
RC-10
RC-11
CC-1
CC-2
CC-D
CC-Dl
P-1
P-5
HC-1
HC-2
HC-3
HC-4
Big-1
Tenmile Creek
A1
SP1
SP2
SP3
S P4
SP5
S P6
SP7
SPB
S P9
SPlOW
SPlOE
SPl1
SPl2
SP13
SP14
SP15W
SPl5E
SP16
SP17
SP18
SP19
SP20
SP21
SP22
SP23
SP23B
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Near Seven Mile Creek
Upstream of Holden Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
Copper Creek Diversion
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Big Creek
Tenmile Creek .
Honeymoon Heights
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile.3
East of Tailings Pile 3
West Waste Rock Pile
West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile-
Between P-5 8 RC-4
River Sauna
River Sauna
West of Vehicle Bridge
West of P-5
South of Holden Village
Honeymoon Heights
North of West Waste Rock Pile
North of West Waste Rock Pile
Lagoon
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1 (Near Copper Creek)
East of Tailings Pile 3
North of Maintenance Yard
Between RC-1 and P-5
Between RC-1 and P-5
H:\Holden\Drafl Final RI rpt\S_5\TabIes\mapkey5 xls
7/26/99 Page 5 of 6
Portal DtainagellWO Main
Portal DrainageIRR Creek
0.8-3.1
11 W Level Portal
E.l-3.0
E.2-3.0
E.3-3.0
E.4-3.0
E.5-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.l-3.0
0.9-2.9
E.l-2.9
E.l-2.9
E.0-2.9
D.9-3.0
E.1-2.9. 3.0; E.2-2.9, 3.0 "Black Seep"
D.8-3.1
E.0-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.0-2.9
E.5-3.1
E.5-3.0
Bank sample
E.l-3.0
DAMES & MOORE ,

TABLE 5.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLlNGlDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005-019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Sediment - Lake Chelan
USGS Select Sam~les
USBM Select Sam~les
S P24 West of RC-4 E.0-2.9
SP25 Behrveen Vehicle Bridge 8 RC-4 E.0-2.9
SP26 Between RC-1 and RC-6 D.7-2.9
SP-27 Near Big Creek D2
CC-Dl Copper Creek Diversion E.1-2.9
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
Ten Mile Creek
E.6-2.9
Railroad Creek near RC-2
E.5-3.0
Copper Creek Diversion
E.1-3.0
Railroad Creek at Vehicle Bridge E.0-2.9
East of Tailings Pile 3
E.5-3.0
Nine Mile Creek
F-3
Railroad Creek near Seven Mile C :reek F-3
Seven Mile Creek
F-3
Railroad Creek at Lucerene
NIA
Holden Creek
D-2
Railroad Creek West of Site
D-2
Railroad Creek at Mile Post 7 G-3
BKG 112 Downstream of Vehicle Bridge E.0-2.9
DG-1 Downstream of Tailings Pile 3 E.6-3.0
TP1-2 Adjacent to Tailings Pile1 E.1-3.0
TP2-1 Downstream of Copper Creek E.2-3.0
TP2-2 Adjacent to Tailings Pile 2 E.3-3.0
TP3-1 Adjacent to Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
RC-2 At Railroad Creek RC-2 Station E.5-3.0,
H:\HoldenU)raR Final RI rpt\S-5\Tables\mapkey5.xls
7/26/99 Page 6 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.1-1
PRELIMINARY CHEMICAL SPECIFIC ARARS (APPLICABLE AND REGULATORY)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005419
Parameters
m
' PCBs - Polychlorinated Biphenyls as total (seven arochlon)
"Individual Arochlon
NE - Nol Established
NA - Nol Available
1 - Area Background values based on Statistical Analysis per MTCA using data wlleded fmm Railroad Creek drainage in 1998.
2 . Yakima Basin 901h Percentile Values. Washington Department of Emlogy "Nalural Background Soil Metals Concentrations in Washington Slate'. Oclober 1994
3 - Model Toxics Contml Acl (MTCA) Melhod A. Toxic?, Cleanup Program. amended 1196 (Chapter 173-340 WAC)
4 - Model Torics Conbcl Acl Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CLARCII). 2/96. Method B
5 - Area background values based on Statistical Analysis per MTCA using data wlleded fmm lhe Railroad Creek and Stehekin walersheds. historically and during lhe RI.
Values for dissolved chromium. selenium. silver, and lhallium and total selenium and lhallium are provided as < values as these metals were not detected above this level. The value for total uranium is based on the maximum concenbation.
6 - Based on Torics Criteria for Those Slates Not Complying with Clean Walw Acl Sedion 303(c)(2)(B). at 40 CFR Par( 131.36 (b)(l)
Cadmium. chromjum. copper. lead. nickel, silver (acute only), and zinc are hardness coneded for dual hardness values per sample. For purposes of lhis lable. the values are based on a 25 ppm hardness value.
7 - MCLs (Maximum Contaminant Levels). Drinking Waler Regulations and Heallh Advisories. Ofice of Wer. US EPA. 10196
8 - Sewndary MCLs (Marimurn Contaminant Levels). Drinking Water Regulations and Heallh Advisories. Ofice ct Water. US EPA. 10196
9 - Reference wncentations based on Statistical Analysis per MTCA using data collected from lhe Steheki area during 1998.
10 - Value shown is maximum concenlralion as h e 901h percentile was not calculable.
1 I - Washington Department cf Ewlogy. 1997 Creation and Analysis of Freshwater Sedimenl Ouality Values in Washington State: Freshwater Sediment Quality Value based on ShlS values.
12 - Long el al. (1995Iwilh the exceptions of iron and manganese khich are from P e~ud
el al. (1993)
13 - Values are referenced in WAC 173201A as par1 of lhe EPA'Quality Criteria for Water 1986' publication EPA 44015S001. May 1.1986.
ER-M Effeds ratio- median (OCcasionally causes adverse effeds).
ER-M Effeds ratio- low (rareIy causes adverse effects).
TABLE 5.1-1
PRELIMINARY CHEMICAL SPECIFIC ARARS
(APPLICABLE AND REGULATORY)
40.W 20.000

TABLE 5.2-1
SUMMARY OF RI SOlL ANALYTICAL RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Parameters
Sanlpling Location
. Station No.
Sampling Date
MTCA Method A' MTCA Method 6'
Total Metals /rnq/ltq)
Area Background
DMSS-26
1015197
Wilderness Boundary
Notes:
J - Estimated value.
NE - Not Established
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limil is an estimated value.
X - Pattern profile does not match typical standard profile. In the case of PCBs, pattern was more indicative of Arochlor 1262.
Y - Pattern profile is more indicative of motor oil range hydrocarbons.
...............
"X afler the sample ID is an indication of field duplicate
. .....G, . -; .
:>;:

TABLE 5.2-1
SUMMARY OF RI SOlL ANALYTICAL RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
: Parameters
Sampling Location
Station No.
Sampling Date
MTCA Method A' MTCA Method 8' Area Background'
Total Metals fmu/Jral
Aluminum
Arsenic
Potvchlorinated Bi~henvls (urn
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (mq/k@
20
- Notes:
J - Estimated value.
NE - Not Established
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not deteded. Detedion limit is an estimated value.
X - Panern profile does not match typical standard profile. In the case of PCBs, pattern was more indicative of Arochlor 1262.
Y - Panern profile is more indicative of motor oil range hydrocarbons.
"X afler the sample ID is an indication of field duplicate
-, .......;.-
.............. F:'
: ............................................
......... ........ .,. ~ndicates the concentration of analyle was not established, therefore not reported nor znabed.
1.67
1 - Model Toxin Control Act (MTCA) Method A. Toxics Cleanup Program, amended 1/96 (Chapter 173-340 WAC)
2 - Model Toxics Control Ad Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CLARC 11). 2/96. Method B
3 -Area Background values based on Statistical Analysis per MTCA using data collected from Railroad Creek drainage in 1998.
4 - Mercury value is based on Yakima Basin 90th percentile values. Washington Department of Ecology Watural Background Soil Metals Concentrations in Washington State- October 1994
20.900
11.6
Page 2 of 3
DMSS-8
1013197
15,000
2.7
DMSS-8 2'
1013197
19.700
1.7
DMSS-9
1013197
17.200
4.3
Maintenance Yard
.DMSS-9 2'
1013197
17.100
2.6
DMSS-10
1013197
17.500
3.0
DMSS-lox*
1013197
17,100
2.8 :
DMSS-10 2'
1013197
23.900
. 4.1
' Storage
1013197
14.700
60
TABLE 5.2-1
SUMMARY OF RI SOlL ANALYTICAL RESULTS

TABLE 5.2-1
SUMMARY OF Rl SOIL ANALYTICAL RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 11693001019
Polvchlorinated BiLIhenYls (I?*
Total Pebplwm Hvdrocarbons ImNk4)
. - Notes:
J - Estimated value.
NE - Not Established
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limil is an estimated value.
X - Pattern profile does not match typical standard profile. In the case of PCBs, pattern was more indicative of Arochlor 1262.
Y - Pattern profile is more indicative of motor oil range hydrocarbons.
"X after the sample ID is an indication of field duplicate
~,#&~~~~,@~
. . , . . . . .
indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
1 - Model Toxics Control Ad (MTCA) Method A. Toxics Cleanup Program. amended 1196 (Chapter 173-340 WAC)
2 -Model Toxics Control Acl Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CLARC 11). 2196. Method B
3 -Area Background values based on Statistical Analysis per MTCA using data collected from Railroad Creek drainage in 1998.
4 - Mercury value is based on Yakima Basin 90th percentile values. Washington Department of Ecology "Natural Background Soil Metals Concentrations in Washington State" October 1994
Page 3 of 3
TABLE 5.2-1
SUMMARY OF R1 SOIL ANALYTICAL RESULTS

TABLE 5.2-2
SUMMARY OF 1998 BACKGROUND SOIL DATA AND AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005-019
-
Date Collected
-.
-
Sample ID
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Sitver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
DMBG-1
10115198
16.800
0.6
48.4
0.2
0.8
2,380
7.5 J
13.3
11,900
4
1,740
309
0.5U
7
600
0.3U
595
0.1U
1.3
110
DMBG-2
10115l98
18.800
3.7
120
0.2
0.8
2,380
18.9 J
36.2
36.300
10
7,640
433
0.7
9
770
0.4
306
0.1
0.2U
75.8
DMBG-3
10113198
7.010
3.3
194
0.1
4.1
7.460
5.6 J
6.2
8,230
21
998
1.340
0.7
6
430
0.4U
64 1
0.1U-
0.3U
139
DMBG4
10113198
11,000
5.2
205.
0.1
1.8
10.400
9.9 J
27.5
11.600
13
4.780
448
0.7U
8
560
0.4U
428
0.1U
0.3U
90:9
DMBG-5
10113198
14,900
12.3
29.5
0.2
0.3
2,630
5 J
8.8
12,900
17
1,190
244
0.7
4
280
0.4U
607
0.1U
1
38.5
DMBG-6
I0113198
3,430
0.5
26.1
0.1U
0.3U
894
4.2 J
7.7
5.510
4
197
343
0.7U
4
310
0.5
336
0.1U
0.3U
19.5
DMffiJ
10113198
13.700
98
94.7
0.2
2.7
5,480
5 J
39.3
15,900
56
3.070
577
2.1
5
1,150
0.5
622
0.2U
2
1 34
DMBG-8
1011398
11,300
1.2
117
0.1U
0.8
10.900
9.3 J
21.7
15.400
6
5.760
279
0.9
6
850
0.4U
235
0.1U
0.3U
42.2
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not deteded above the repating liml shown.
J - Eslimated Value
'X" aner sample ID is an indication d field duplicate
' Statiil analyses inclutimg approxiMlimg sample distributions, means, standard deviations, mediis and backgmnd 9O!h percentile
were calWlaled using an Exeel version 5.0 maao designed by Me Washing!on Department d Ewbgl and their guidance fwnd in
Statistical G u i i for Ewkqy Site Managers. Toxics Cleanup Program (August 1992).
DMBG-9
10115198
22.100
- 4 .
76.3
0.2
0.5
3.880
16 J
42.2
24.500
6
7.580
297
0.5U
12
560
0.3
563
0.1U
0.2U
105
DMBG-10
1011 2/98
11,000
0.7
68.8
0.2
0.2U
2,190
6.2 J
11
10.400
3
1,190
383
0.5U
5
480
0.3U
517
0.1U
0.2U
32.5
DMBG-1OX
10112/98
10,000
0.8
76
0.2
0.2
2.330
5.8 J
11.1
10.500
4
1.240
344
0.5U
5
480
0.3U
528
0.1U
0.2U
34.8
DMBG-11
10117/98
21.700
0.8
31.6
0.2
0.2U
3.330
4.7
5.2
10,100
3
528
71.3 J
0.5U
5
220
0.3U
903
0.5U
0.4
12.5
DMBG-12
10117198
15.900
0.9
31.1
. 0.2
0.2U
2.500
6.5
7.2
10.500
3
1.290
79.4 J
0.6U
7
360
0.3U
746
0.6U
0.3
19.7
DMBG-13
10117198
16.800
1.2
40.2
0.2
0.2U
2,410
7.6
6.8
10.600
4
628
97.1 J
0.6U
6
270
0.3U
724
0.6
0.3
22.3
DMBG-14
10117198
12.300
1.8
85.8
0.1
0.6
3.550
8.1
17
12.400
5
2.580
436 J
0.5U
6
500
0.3U
725
0.5U
0.2U
93.4
DMBG-15 DMBG-16 DMBG-17
--- -- -- -- . -.-- .-
10117198
21.700
2
127
0.3
3.8
11.600
12.5
59.5
17.800
10
5.440
534 J
0.9
20
1,010
0.3U
605
0.6U
0.5
518
10117198
11.200
0.8
250
0.2
17.4
11,000
8.4
24.8
10.500
7
2.220
1,160 J
0.9
12
1.160
0.4U
,557
0.7U
0.3
298
10117198
16.200
1.2
526
0.2
3.6
12.200
39.2
65
22.300
7
8.530
2,970 J
1.2
23
1.080
0.3U
439
0.5U
0.2
215
DMBG-18
10117198
9.310
1.3
237
0.2
0.5
12.300
8
30.2
9.290
6
2,160
702 J
0.8
5
610
0.3U
510
0.5U
0.3
57.3
DMBG-19
10117198
17,100
0.9
350
0.1
0.7
10.500~
41.5
62.6
23.900.
7
9.750
1.030 J
0.5U .
23
2.020
0.3U
499
0.6U
0.6
94.1
.- -. - .
Maxlmum
. C ~ ~ n ~ Concentnuon ~ o n
- 3.430
, 0.5
26.1
0.1
0.2
894
4.2
5.2
5.510
3
197
71.3
0.7
4
220
0.3
235
. 0.1
0.2
12.5
TABLE 5.2-2
Summary of 1998 Background soil Data and Area Backgmund Statlstlcs
22.100
98 '
526
0.3
17.4
12.300
41.5
65
36,300
56
9.750
2.970
2.1
23
2:020 '
0.5
903
0.6
2
51 8
StaUstlcal Calculations '
. . . . . - . - -
Approximate
DlstrlbuUon
Dlstrlbutlon
Mean
Mdlan
Normal
Nonparametric
Lognormal
Nonparametric
Lognormal
Nonparametric
Nonparametric
Lognormal
Lognormal
Nonparametric
Lognormal
Lognormal
Nonparametric
Nonparametric
Lognormal
Nonparametric
Lognormal
Nonparametric
Lognormal
Lognormal
14.113
7.06
140
0.18
2.45
6.016
11.5
26.07
14.504
9.8
3.833
619.6
0.99
8.9
687.5
0.43
558
0.35
0.65
110
14,300
1.2
90.25
0.2
0.8
3.715
7.8
19.35
11.750
6
2.190
408.0
0.9
6
560
0.45
560
0.35
0.4
83.4
Standard
Devlatlon
5,006
21.6
127.3
0.05
4.32
4.198
10.56
19.76
7.280
11.89
3.000
654.7
0.45
6.09
432
0.1
159.5
0.35
0.56
120.1
.. - -. - - - ..
9mhW
20.870
11.59
310
0.2
5.41
12.140
37.17
57.45
24.098
20.6
9.199
1,425
1.17
22.7
1.263
0.49
827
0.35
1.04
253.4

TABLE 5.23
SUMMARY OF HISTORICAL SOlL ANALYTICAL DATA
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Notes:
.....
Parameters
Total Metals (rnqlkq)
Aluminum
Sampling Location
Station No.
Sampling Date
MTCA Method A' MTCA Method 8' Area Background '
USFS GS
HW-1A
HV-1A HV-2A
HOLDEN VILLAGE
HV3A HV4A
611194
6/1/94 611194 611194 6/1/94
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shk. ::y:z*xx -.\.., .

TABLE 5.24
SUMMARY OF HISTORICAL TAILINGS ANALYTICAL DATA
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405-019
Notes:
Parameters
Total Metals Imalka
Aluminum
Arsenic
Sampling Location
Station No.
Sampling Date
MTCA Method A'
20
MTCA Method B'
1.67
Area Background '
.; U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
.;.:

TABLE 5.24
SUMMARY OF HISTORICAL TAILINGS ANALYTICAL DATA
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Notes:
Parameters
Sampling Location
Station No.
Sampling Date
MTCA Method A' MTCA Method 8' Area Background '
Total Metals Imqntq)
Aluminum
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,., ., . . . . . . . . . .
~$@&h~@i~~
indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
1 - Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) Method A, Toxics Cleanup Program. amended 1/96 (Chapter 173-340 WAC)
2 - Model Todcs Control Ad Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CLARC 11). 2/96, Method B
3 - Area Background values based on statistical analysis per MTCA using data collected from Railroad Creek drainage in 1998.
4 - Yakima Basin 90th percentile values, Washington Department of Ecology "Natural Background Soil Metals Concentrations in Washington State", October 1994
5 - Lambeth, R.H. 1995. Transmittal of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden Mine site by the US Bureau of Mines. (Data collected in 1994).
6 - ffilburn, J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the Holden mine, Chelan, Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995).
7 - Kilbum, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locality maps for streamsediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate. mi# taihg, water, and preciprtate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version, 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
20.900
Surface and Subsurface Samples from Tailings Pile 2 (TP-2)
HT2-2A
611194 '
HT2-28
6/1/94 '
TP24
8/23/94 '
502T
7/95
9,750
Page 2 of 2
10,900
i 6,000
38,000
6,210
7,000
TABLE 5.24
SUMMARY OF HISTO~ICAL TAILINGS ANALYTICAL DATA
Surface Samples from Tailings Pile 3 (TP-3)
HT3-2A
6/1/94'
' HT3-2B
611194
4chc360
7/94 '
SOOT
7195
SOIT
7195
44,m
44.m
43,000

TABLE 5.2-5
SUMMARY OF RI TAILINGS ANALYTICAL RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE RIIFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
-
Parameters
Aluminum
Arsenic
Banum
Beryllium
Cadm~um
Calaum
Chromrum
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnes~um
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selen~um
S~lver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
Sample Location
Station No.
Sampling Date
MTCA ~ethod A'
20
2
100
250
1
MTCA Method 6'
Area Background '
ru!s
5 - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting liml shown
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit is an estrmated value.
gTLw7-m indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed
1 - Model Toxics Contml Ad (MTCA) Method A. Toxics Cleanup Program, amended 1196 (Chapter 173-340 WAC)
2 - Model Toxics Control Ad Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CLARC 11). 2/96. Method B
3 - Area Background values based on statistical analysis per MTCA using data collected from Railroad Creek drainage in 1998
4 - Yakima Basin 90th percent~le values, Washington Department of Ewlogy "Natural Background Soil Metals Concentratlons rn Washington State", October 1994
167
5,600
0 23
80
80,000 (cr")
2,960
3.730
24
400
1.600
T -
400
400
5 6
240
24,000
20,900
11 6
310
0 2
5 4
12,100
37 2
57 4
24.100
20 6
9,200
1,430
005
12
22 7
1.260
NE
0 5
82 7
0 4
1
253
Surface Samples from TP-1
DMSS-11 DMSS-12 DMSS-13
9120197 9120197 9120197
8.220
3 35
395
0 2U
0 5
1.180J
8
382
65,100
83
4.910
169
Page 1 of 3
8.700
4 OJ
394
0 1
0 6
1.8205
9 5
239
58.500
59
4.910
167
27
21 4
2U
4
3.280 2.710
-. --- .,*. .;z.-, . . ,;=& .F-.-=.;;.~~'T
,ri.- .l% --F ... $%SF--.$-.-,
~2zqty~$z-~
3 1
2 0
7.350
5 OJ
375
0 2U
0 4U
1,310J
6
442
63,700
95
3.960
148
Surface Samples from TP-2
DMSS-14 DMSS-15 DMSS-16
9121197 9121197 9121197
8.450
145
339
0 2U
0 5
1.290J
8
199
71.100
4 1
5.340
208
17,300
1 OJ
535
0 1U
0 3
1,9205
15 5
299
53.400
5 1
11.700
385
3,000 3.810
~9;zpm~: ; * ~ * H J F - ---=a ~ ~ 5L3z%-sk
.3$3@z1

TABLE 5.2-5
SUMMARY OF RI TAILINGS ANALYTICAL RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
-
Parameters
Aluminum
Arsenic
Banum
Beryllium
Cadm~um
Calc~um
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potasslum
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
1
f!meK
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
L- - slGi-dv
indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
TqL- k_,'I&&a
Sample Location
Station No.
Sampling Date
MTCA Method A'
20
2
100
250
1
MTCA Method B2
Area Background '
1 - Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) Method A, Toxics Cleanup Program, amended 1196 (Chapter 173-340 WAC)
2 - Model Toxia Control Ad Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CLARC 11). 2/96. Method B
3 - Area Background values based on statistical analysis per MTCA using data collected from Railroad Creek drainage in 1998.
4 - Yakima Basin 90th percentile values. Washington Department of Ecology "Natural Background Soil Metals Concentrations in Washington State", October 1994
167
5,600
0 23
80
80,000 ( ~ r ' ~ )
2,960
3.730
24
400
1.600
400
400
5 6
240
24,000
20,900
11 6
310
0 2
5 4
12,100
37 2
57 4
24.100
20 6
9,200
1,430
005 '
12
22 7
1.260
NE
0 5
827
0 4
1
253
Page 2 of 3
DMTPl-2
9/25/97
6,530
19
851 J
0 2U
0 5
5,4305
8
525
87.500
114
3.590
124
24
2U
4,200
3 3
960
3
2U
216
Subsurface Samples from TP-1
DMTPl-3A DMTPl-36
9/25/97 9125197
6,620
3 3
301 J
0 1U
0 9
7.850J
5 1
1.260
49.800
93
3,330
130
32 5
2
2,150
4 7
900
2U
2U
74 5
19,400
3 3
l80J
1 OU
2 1
7,9405
5
12.400
74,700
70
7.610
291
25
20
2.760
6
680
2U
3
2,350
DMTPl4
9/25/97
7,570
3 3
320J
0 2U
0 5
8,0205
6
551
69,100
83
3.620
141
24
2U
3,020
4 0
930
2U
2U
481
S ~bsurface Samples from TP-2
DMTP2-1A
9/29\97
29,700
0 6
401 J
0 19
147
11,lOOJ
17
16,500
45,700
40
18.100
657
16
70
6,560
6
1.050
3U
3U
2.750
-
DMTP2-16
9/29/97
11,600
0 9
4945
0 1U
0 7
7,9905
10 2
160
54,100
37
7,890
250
28 6
1
5,540
4 4
1.060
2U
2U
191
TABLE 5.2-5
SUMMARY OF RI TAILINGS ANALYTICAL RESULTS
DMTPZ-2
9/29/97
19,600
11
101 J
0 2
0 4
4.110J
49 9
141
26.800
4
9.450
350
10
36
1.680
0 5
619
0 5U
2U
85 0

TABLE 5.2-5
SUMMARY OF RI TAILINGS ANALYTICAL RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Parameters
Sample Location
Station No. MTCA Method A'
Jotal Metals &ng!J@
Alumtnum
Arsenic
Bar~um
Beryllium
Cadm~um
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnescum
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
N~ckel
Potasslum
Selenium
Stlver
Sodtum
Thalltum
Uranturn
Ztnc
Sampling Date
20
2
100
250
1
MTCA Method 8'
167
5,600
0 23
80
80,000 ( ~r'~) .
2,960
3,730
24
400
1,600
400
400
5 6
240
24,000
Area Background '
HQteS
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
' 'X' after the sample ID is an indication of feld duplicate
& G - ~ ~ s indicates ~ @ the ~ concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
1 - Model Toxia Control Act (MTCA) Method A, Toxics Cleanup Program, amended 1196 (Chapter 173-340 WAC)
2 - Model Toxis Control Act Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CLARC II), 2196, Method B
3 - Area Background values based on statistical analysis per MTCA using data collected from Railroad Creek drainage in 1998.
4 - Yakima Basin 90th percentile values. Washington Department of Ecology "Natural Background Soil Metals Concentrations in Washington State", October 1994
20,900
11.6
310
0 2
5 4
12.100
37 2
57 4
24.100
20 6
9,200
1,430
005
12
22 7
1,260
NE
0 5
827
0 4
1
253
DMTP3-1
9/29/97
6.840
13
494.J
0 2U
0 4
1,1305
6
249
61.400
89
4,110
139
DMTP3-2
9/29/97
14,200
0 7
3655
0 1U
0 4
5,700J
13 7
244
45.100
29
8.730
282
Page 3 of 3
Subsurface Samples from TP-3
DMTP3-3A DMTP3-38 DMTP34A
9/29/97 9129197 9130197
17.800
11
99 5J
0 1
0 3
4.780J
62 0
107
29,500
4
8.660
245
DMSS-20
1014197
6.510
I
119
321
' 0 2 ~
0 5
1,190
10
107
65,000
49
3.810
135
TABLE 5.2-5
SUMMARY OF RI TAILINGS ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Windblown Tailings
DMSS-21 DMSS-22 DMSS-23
1014197 1014197 1014197
24 10 4 10 13 23 2 1 3 30 31 7 0 7U 10 7 29 4
2
3.080
4
5.620
4
6,040
39
1.990
3
4.900
4
6,260
9
5,050
i ' 2.850
6
2,990
17
580U
9
1,340
4
3.510
2 8
540
2U
2U
1 44
16
694
2U
2U
302
10.700
0 3
357J
0 2U
0 5U
6,320J
16
195
62,200
28
7.270
237
19
1.050
2U
2U
96 2
0 5
578
0 5
2U
78 7
9,560
13
1,1805
0 2U
0 5U
1.550J
15
159
62.900
141
6,950
179
3 2
610
3U
3U
123
DMTP34AX'
9130197
10.300
14
1,570J
0 3U
0 5U
1.620J
16
209
81.700
178
7,530
199
3 5
700
3U
3U
- 147
DMTP3-4B
9130197
8.660
6 0
137J
0 2U
0 5U
2,490J
18
96 7
75.900
23
5.630
169
13
850
2U
2U
78 3
2 8
550
2U
1 2U
246
9,740
2 2
327
0 1U
0.5
2,140
14 7
151
63.500
52
5.840
197
2 3
597
3U
3U
256
20.700
2 3
79 0
0 2
0 4
5.870
29 0
159
24,100
7
6.070
292
0 4U
1.130
0 7U
3U
75 3
12.900
2 0
388
0 1U
0 6
3,880
18 2
332
40,400
62
6,570
203
12
61 1
2U
2U
107
DMSS-24
1014197
8.330
3 1
380
0 1U
0 5
1,790
11 8
149
66,200
59
4,860
165
2 4
774
3U
3U
- 260

TABLE 5.2-6
POTENTIAL COMPOUNDS OF CONCERN (PCOC) FOR SOIL 8 TAILINGS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
r
L
Area
Holden Vlllage
Maintenance Yard
Lagoon
Tailings Pile
Baseball Field
Surface
Subsurface
Surface
Subsurface
Surface
Subsurface
Windblown Talllngs
Analytes Above Area Background
Aluminum, Arsenic. Barium. Beryllium,
Chromium. Copper. Iron. Lead,Mercury,
Molybdenum, Nickel. Silver. Zinc
Copper. Iron. Silver
Arsenic, Barium, Cadmium. Copper. Iron.
Lead, Molybdenum. Nickel. Silver. Zinc
Aluminum. Copper, Lead, Zinc
Aluminum. Barium. Beryllium. Copper, Iron.
Lead. Molybdenum. Silver, Uranium. Zinc
Aluminum. Cadmium. Copper. Iron. Lead.
Molybdenum. Silver, Thallium, Uranium. Zinc
Aluminum, Barium, Copper. Iron. Lead,
Molybdenum, Mercury, Silver. Thallium. Zinc
Aluminum, Barium, Cadmium. Chromium.
Copper. Iron, Lead. Mercury. Molybdenum.
Nickel. Silver, Thallium. Uranium. Zinc
Barium, Copper, Iron. Lead, Molybdenum.
Silver. Zinc
NQtQIE
Arsenic is considered as a PCOC a1 sample locations MN-1A and "Storage" only.
Analytes Above MTCA-A1 MTCA-B
Arsenic. Beryllium
All samples listed under "Samples Containing PCOCs" do not necessarily contain all PCOCs listed unless otherwise noted
None
Arsenic, Cadmium. Copper, Lead. Total
Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Beryllium, Total Hydrocarbons
Cadmium. Copper, Lead. Total Pelroleum
Hydrocarbons
None
Cadmium. Copper
None
PCOC's
Aluminum, Arsenic'. Beryllium, Iron
Iron
Arsenic*. Cadmium, Copper, Lead,
Iron. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Aluminum. Tolal Pelroleum
Hydrocarbons
Aluminum. Beryllium. Iron, Total
Pelroleum Hydrocarbons
Aluminum, Cadmium. Copper. Lead,
Iron. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Aluminum, Iron
Aluminum, Cadmium. Copper, Iron
Iron
Samples Containing PCOC's
HW-1 A*, HV-1A. HV-JA, HV-4A, HV-6A,
DMSS-I, DMSS-2, DMSS-3. DMSS-4,
DMSS-5, DMSS-6, DMSS-6X
DMSS-25
DMSS-8. DMSS-9, DMSS-10. DMSS-IOX,
Storage'
DMSS-8-2'. DMSS-10-7
~a~oon 6
Lagoon 2. DMLG1-2'. DMLG2-4'.
DMLG2-71/2', DMLG3-2', DMLG4-2',
DMLG4-4'. DMLG5-2'. DMLG5-4'
Iron - All Samples
Aluminum - 503T. 504T. 505TA, 505TB.
502T. 4chc360, 500T. 501T
All Samples for Iron. TP2-4 (Cd).
DMTP1-38 (Cd, Cu). DMTP2-1A (AI.Cd. CU)
All Samples

TABLE 5.3-1
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
- - Parameters
DAMES 6 MOORE RI DATA
Holden Creek HG1 HG2 HC-3 HC-4 Big-1 CC-1 CC-1 CG1 CC-1 Ten-Mile Creek
1014B7 Y1198 dl30198 4130198 4150198 5/2\98 5123197 7111197 911 5/97 5/2198 9/16/97
Total Metals [uaAJ
Aluminum 40U 80U 240 70U 50U 30U 20U 40 20 1d. 30
Arsenic 0 54 0.52 0.65 0.78 1.33 0.33 0.04U 0 14
Barium 4.27 5.04 6.17 5.76 6.82 7.09 6 4.99 4.61 5.y 6.17
Data Notes:
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting lima shw.
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated due.
om range of replicated samples were represented
icates that this value was not included in the statistical analysis
icates that the data was not available for this parameter
Data Source:
(a) Walters, et at. 1992. HoMen Mine Reclamation Projtzt Final Report. Pacific Northwest Laboratories.Rihland. WA. (Data collected in 1991).
(b) Kilburn, el al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample kxality maps for srreamsediment. heavy-mfnefakoncentrate. mill taflrng. water. andprecip~tate samples collected
'
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680.4 Paper V?rsion. 94.6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(c) Anderson. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment ot the Holden Mine Site.
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1996. Characfefizatian of acidmine drainage at the Holden mine. Chelan. t44shington. USGS Open F~le Report 9&-531. (Data collected in 1995).
(e) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997 Analylical resuns and comparative ovwiew of geochemical studies caducted at the HoMen Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(0 Kidburn. J.E. 8 S. J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in Fan 1996).
(g) Johnson. A.. et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake ChelanJ.
Errironmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publicahon No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
TABLE 5.51
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

TABLE 5.51
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
HOLDEN MlNE RWS
DJUES b WORE JOB NO. 17693405.019
Data Notes:
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the repMting limlt shown
J - Estbnated Valw.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed tor, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
- indicates that hiahest value fmm rame - d reoliiated . samoles were reoresented
dicates that lhii value was not included in the statistical analysis
dicates that the data was not available for this parameter
Data Source:
(a) Walters. et al. 1992. Holden Mine Reclamation Project Final Report. Pacifn: Northwesl Laboratories.Richland. WA. (Data dlected in 1991)
(b) Kilbum, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample laalify maps for streamsedimenl. heavy-m~lconcenlrate. mi// tailing, wter, andpeipdate m pbs coumted
in and around the Holden mine, Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94.6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(c) Andemn. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Compilation of Data for Retiminary Assessment d the Holden Mine Sie.
(d) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S. J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the Holden mine. Chelan. Wa;arJington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995).
(e) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Svney. 1997. ~icalresuks
and mparative overview ofgeochemic+ studies conducted at the Holden Mine, spring 19%.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(f) Kilburn. J.E 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. hellminary data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(g) Johnson. A,. et al. 1997. Effects d Hdden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benlhic tnvertebrats of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan)
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-07-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data arllected in Spnng and Fall 1996)
u LU-I.~--~A.-.I c..-I n.les~ n+d.k.=\ E. 2-4 ,iC Page 2 of 5
TABLE 5.3-1
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
D,\alr-s & MOORE

TABLE 5.3-1
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
HOWEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Data Nates:
U - Parameter was analyzed for. bot not detected above the repting limit shown
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter %as analyzed lor, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
from range of replicated samples were represented.
icates that this value was not included in the statistical analysis
I Blank Cell ]Indicates that the data was not available lor this parameter
Data Source:
(a) Walters. et al. 1992. HoMen Mtne ReclamalEon Prqecf Final Report Pacilc Northwest Laboratories,Richland. WA (Data collected m 1991)
(b) Kilburn, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample 10Cdlrfy maps for Stream-sediment. heavy-mineralzoncentrale. mtll failing waler, and preciptlale samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan Covnly. Washinglon. USGS Open File Report 94680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Olskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(c) Anderson. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Compilation of Data for Preltminary Assessment of the Holden Mine Slte.
(d) Kilburn. J E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Charactefizath of acid mine drainage at Ihe Holden mine. Chelan. Wadinglon. USGS Open File Repact 96-531. (Data collected in 1995).
(e) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S. J. Sutley 1997. Andrytical resuns and com~amtive ovwview of geochemical studies conducted a1 Ihe Hobden Mine, spring 1996
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Sprkbg 19961.
(fJ Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997 Preliminary data (no teport attached. data colleded in Fall 1996)..
(g) Johnson. A,. et al. 1997. Effects of Hdden Mine on the Wter. Sed~menls and Benthic lnvertebmtes of Rattrod Cmk (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Bcdy No. WA-47-1020 Publication No. 97-330 (data wllected in Spring and Fall 1996)
TABLE 5.3-1
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

. . .. . . . .....-a .---.-I--u,. C,.-L,--I C 4 .
TABLE 5.3-1
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STAnSTICAL ANALYSIS
HOLDEN MINE RMS
DAMES MOORE JOB NO. 17695005-019
Data Nates:
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected abwe the reporting limit shown.
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
e hom range of replicated samples were represented.
diites that this value was not included in the statiiical analysis
dicates that the data was not available for this parameter
Data Source:
(a) WaRers, et al. 1992. HoMen Mine Reclamation Project Final Report. Pacific Northwest Laboratories.Richland. WA. (Data collected in 1991)
(b) Kilburn, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample IocalRy maps for streamsediment. heavy-mineraCconcenlrate, mrll tailing. water. and preciprlate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washinqfffl. USGS Open File Report 94- Paper Version. 946808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994)
(c) Andemn. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Compilation of Data lor hellminary Assessment of the Holden M~ne SRe.
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the HoWen mine, Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report S531. (Data collected in 1995)
(e) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Anarytkal results and comparative overview d geochemical studes conducted at the HoMen Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data cdected in Spring 1996).
(t) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(g) Johnson. A,. et al. 1997. Effects of HoMen Mine on Ihe Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railmad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Emironmental Investigations and Laboratory Sewices Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected ln Spring and Fall 1996).
..,- Page 4 of 5
TABLE 5.3-1
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
I)n.\r~-s & MMJHE

TABLE 5.3-1
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL AHALYSIS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17691005019
Parameters
Total Metak
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
copper
Iron
Lead -
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Sitver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
Dissolved Metals
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Finc
'
ludL)
41
25
39
32
40
39
31
33
41
33
38
39
11
21
31
38
10
38
39
14
8
41
(uoR)
43
19
42
34
41
42
34
32
40
35
40
39
10
24
32
39
10
41
41
17
11
44
8 of
Detections
26
24
39
0
3
39
2
24
36
16
38
39
4
21
25
11
0
2
35
0
1
11
22
19
42
0
11
41
0
31
23
12
40
36
4
24
20
9
0
0
34
0
1
15
Maximum
Conc.
Statistical Notes: {Statistical calculations were performed using Washington Department of Ecology's MTCASlat Excel V.5 Macro (Background Module 2.1). downloaded from their web site)
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only.
STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS
Range of RL
20-140
0.04
None
0.04 - 0.2
0.02 - 0.2
None
0.2-10
0.51.2
20
0.2-0.4
None
None
0.001-0.1
None
0.2
MO
0.2-1
0.04-0.2
540840
0.04-1
0.04
4-10
20 - 40
None
None
0.04 - 0.4
0.04 -0 7
6000
0.2 -10
1.2
20
0.011 -09
None
0.13 - 0.29
0.1
None
0.2
200 - 500
0.2 - 1
0.04
560-1000
0.04-4
0.04-0.4
4
Range of reporting limits (RL) are based an results reported as not detected.
Diributi is determined based on the MTCA stat program by analyzing the data through the 'Distribution Decision Pro~abillty Plot". Where data is not lognormally nor normally distributed. the distribution is noted as 'Non-parametric".
The mean is an arithmetic mean if data are normally dstributed or if distribution is indicated as 'non-parametffi. The reported mean for lognormally distributed data is a lognormal mean.
NA indicates that the data set contained t w many resuns reported as not detected to perform a statistical analysis for background concentrations.
u ~u..IA....$A.-.D LI-O ...,.+sc ctt=~~e\ ~ 2 . 4 dC Page 5 of 5
240
2
7.04
NA
0.05
10200
0.3
4
230
4.8
760
6.8
0.00064
0.98
0.5
810
N A
0 15
1140
NA
0.06
11
60
1
24.3
NA
0.09
10600
NA
1.1
91
1.8
790
3.17
0.00033
1.02
0.6
780
NA
NA
1280
NA
0.06
16
Minimum
Conc.
13
0.14
3
NA
0.04
2410
0.3
0.3
30
0.054
240
0.22
0.000032
0.35
0.2
510
NA
0 12
490
NA
0.06
3
7.4
0 13
3.42
NA
0.02
2310
NA
0.2
20
0018
230
0 13
O.OOM)3
0 3
0.2
So0
NA
NA
3MI
NA
0.06
0.85
Approximate
Distribution
Lognormal
Normal
Lognormal
NA
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
Normal
Lognormal
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
NA
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
NA
Non-Parametric
Nowparametric
Lognormal
Normal
Non-Parametric
NA
Lognormal
Lognormal
NA
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
Lognormal
Normal
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
NA
NA
Lognormal
NA
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
Mean
86.1
0.87
4.8
NA
0 047
4589
0.3
1.1
110
0.46
443
2.95
0.00046
0.57
0.3
652
NA
0.135
767
NA
0.E
5.2
29
0.565
8.2:
NA
0.061
4564
NA.
0.64
37.81
0.602
.4 1 7
1.507
0.00014
0.56
0.28
631
NA
NA
. 759
NA
0.06
7 184
Standard
Deviation
58.9
0.415 .
0.97
NA
0.006
1659
0
0.936
44.5
1.16
' 144.5
1.59
0.00014
0.154
0.08
96.7
NA
0.021
196.7
NA
NA
2.1
12.2
0.242
5 9
NA
0.021
1653
NA
026 '
14.3
0.505
151
0.677
0 00014
0.16
0 I1
95
NA
NA
237
NA
. NA
4.203
Median
65
0.83
4.8
NA
0.05
4MO
0.3
0.9
lM1
0.1295
360
2.96
OW25
0.53
0.3
630
N A
0.135
730
NA
0.06
5
M
0.52
5
NA
0.06
3990
NA
06
40
0.25
355
1.625
0 00M95
0.5
0 21
650
NA
NA
675
NA
0.06
5
9Mh
Percentile
144
1 44
6.24
NA
0.10
6814
0 46
1.83
177
0.3
647
5.06
0.00066
0 79
0.4
672
NA
0.1
1034
NA
N A
5
37.4
0.9
17.5
NA
0.07
6703
NA
1.06
40
0.54
626
2.42
0.05
0.78
0.39
660
N A
NA
1078
NA
0.172
7.81
I
TABLE 5.51
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
DAVFS & Itle)ou~
A

TABLE 5.3-2
Aluminum Data Points, Background Assessment
Holden Mine RlFS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693005-019
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-1
HC-2
HG3
HC4
Bk Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RGl1
RCdA
RC-68
RCGC
RC6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1 A
RC-1 B
RGl C
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RGl North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RCl South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
01-Jul-94
USGS 546
01-Jul-95
USGS 600
01-May-96
Dept of Ecology 10Sep-96
USGS 707
01Sep-96
Cop~er Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date.Collected
060ct-97
01-May-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
Met-97
01-May-98
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
1 %May-97
26-May-97
02-Jun-97
09-Jun-97
16-Jun-97
10-Jul-97
03-May-98
15Sep97
15-Sep97
16-Apr-97
16Apr-97
16-Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15-Sep-97
03-May-98
19-May-97
15Sep-97
19-May-97
15-Sep-97
. 23-May-97
11 -Jul-97
15Sep-97
02-May-98
16-Sep-97
3GSep-97
029c1-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
h:\holdenbral7 final nrp~-5\tabla5~3~ 4 11s
7 m 9
Metal
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Aluminum
Result (ugL) Total Set
c30
50
30
20
~20
30
c40
30
20
40
c20

TABLE 5.33
Arsenic Data Points, Background Assessment
Holden Mine RllFS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693-005019
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-1
HC-2
HC-3
HC-4
Big Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RC-11
RC-6A
RC-66
RC-6C
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1 A
RC-18
RC-1 C
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
Historical ail road Creek
USGS 367
USGS 546
USGS 600
Co~~er Creek
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek '
Date Collected
04-013-97
01-May-98
SApr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
04-Oct-97
01-May-98
15Apr-97
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
03-May-98
15-Sep97
15-Sep-97
16-Apr-97
16-Apr-97
16-Apr-97
1 %May-97
10-Jul-97
15-Sep97
03-May-98
01-Jul-94
01 -Jul-95
01-May-96
02-May-98
16-Sep97
DSep-97
02-Oct-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
Metal
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic,
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Result (uglL)
0.5
0.39
0.45
0.61
1
0.29
0.94
0.73
c1
cl
4
0.5
0.52
0.54
0.82
0.81
cl
1
c1
0.5
0.51
0.82
0.53
~2
c1
c4
~0.04
0.14
2.56
0.13
Total Set
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X .
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Seasonal
rin Fall
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Railroad Creek
- Set 1A
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Other Bkg
Set 16
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.34
Beryllium Data Points. Background Assessment
Holden Mine RVFS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693005019
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-1
HG2
HC-3
HG4
Bia Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RC-11
RCdA
RC-68
RGGC
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1A
RC-1 B
RC-1C
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC1
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
01-Jul-94
USGS 546
01-Jul-95
USGS 600
01-May-96
Dept of Ecology 1GSep-96
USGS 707
Ol-Sep-96
Co~~er Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date Collected
04-03-97
01-May-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
04-03-97
01-May-98
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
19-May-97
26May-97
02-Jun-97
09Jun-97
16-Jun-97
10-Jul-97
03-May-98
15Sep97
15Sep97
16Apr-97
16Apr-97
16Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15-Sep97
03-May-98
f 9-May-97
15-Sep97
19-May-97
15Sep97
23-May-97
11-Jul-97
15Sep-97
02-May-98
16Sep-97
30-Sep97
02-Oct-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
NA - Not Analyzed
Metal
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Result (ug/L) Total Set
~0.04
c0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
40.04
~0.04

TABLE 5.35
Cadmium Data Points, Background Assessment
Holden Mine RUFS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693005419
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-1
HC-2
HC-3
HC-4
Big Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RC-11
RC-6A
RC-66
RCdC
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1A
RC-1 B
RC-1C
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
USGS 546
USGS 600
Dept of Ecology
Dept of Ecology
USGS 707
Copper Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
Ten Mi%? Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date Collected
04-013-97
01-May-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
04-0d-97
01 -May-98
15Apr-97
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
19-May-97
26-May-97
02 Jun-97
09-Jun-97
16Jun-97
10Jul-97
03-May-98
15-Sep97
15-Sep97
16Apr-97
16Apr-97
16-Apr-97
19-May-97
1 Wul-97
15-Sep97
03-May-98
19-May-97
15-Sep97
19-May-97
15-Sep-97
01 -Jul-94
01 -Jul-95
01 -May-96
12-Jun-96
10-Sep96
01-Sep-96
=May-97
11 -Jul-97
15-Sep97
02-May-98
1SSep-97
30-Sep97
02-013-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
h VioldenMraff final nrptS-5Vable5~-32to14 xis
Metal
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium,
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Cadmium
Seasonal
Resun (uglL) Total Set
- rin Fall
0.05
c0.04
0.05
4.04
0.06
c0.04
~0.04
~0.04
C0.2
c0.2
~0.2
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
0.08
0.08 '
~0.04
4.2
4.2
~0.2
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
0.06
~0.04
0.04
0.09
c 1
c 1
~0.7
0.05
0.02

TABLE 5.3-6
Chromium Data Points. Background Assessment
Holden Mine RVFS
Dames & Moore Job No. 17693005019
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-1
HC-2
HC-3
HC4
Bia Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RC-11
RCGA
RCGB
RCGC
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1A
RC-18
RClC
RG1
RG1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1 North Bank
RGl North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad C mk
USGS 367
USGS 546
USGS 600
Dept of Ecology
USGS 707
Co~~er Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date Collected
04-Oc1-97
01 -May-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
OkOcl-97
01-May-98
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
19-May-97
26-May-97
02-Jun-97
09Jun-97
16-Jun-97
10-Jul-97
03-May-98
15-Sep-97
15-Sep-97
16-Apr-97
16-Apr-97
16-Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15Sep97
03May-98
19-May-97
15-Sep-97
19-May-97
15-Sep97
01 -Jul-94
01-Jul-95
01-May-96
10-Sep-96
01 -Sep96
23-May-97
1 l-Jul-97
15-Sep-97
02-May-98
16-Sep97
30-Sep-97
02-Oct-97
X - Data pdint was used for statistical analysis
NA - Not Analyzed
h VloidenUraR final nrpNS-\S_ntabIes\5-32to14 xis
7 m
Metal
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Chromium
Result (ug/L) Total Set
cO.2
c0.2
~0.2
~0.2
~0.2
cO.2
~0.2.
c0.2
c5
c5
-=5
c0.2
cO.2
c0.2
cO.2

TABLE 5.3-7
Copper Data Points. Background Assessment
Holden Mine RIPS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693405019
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-1
HC-2
HC-3
HC-4
Bia Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RC-11
RC-6A .
RCdB
RC-6C
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1A
RC-1 B
RC-1 C
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-I North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
USGS 546
USGS 600
Dept of Ecology
Dept of Ecology
USGS 707
Co~per Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1 .
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area '
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date Collected
04-Oct-97
01 -May-%
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
04-Oct-97
01 -May98
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
1 5-Apr-97
19-May-97
26-May-97
02-Jun-97
09Jun-97
16-Jun-97
10-Jul-97
03-May-98
15-Sep97
15-Sep-97
16-Apr-97
76-Apr-97
16-Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15-Sep-97
03-May-98
1 9-May-97
15-Sep-97
19-May-97
15-Sep97
01 -Jul-94
01-Jul-95
01 -May-%
12-Jun-96
10-Sep96
01 -Sep-96
May-97
1 1 -Jul-97
15-Sep97
02-May-98
' 16-Sep-97
30-Sep97
02-Oct-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
Metal
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Copper
Result (ug/L)
0.9
0.6
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.3
1.1
0.7
c2
c2
~2
0.7
1
0.9
c1.2
c2
0.6 ,
0.6
0.5
0.4

TABLE 5.34
lron Data Points. Background Assessment
Holden Mine RUFS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693405419
Sample Date Collected Metal Result (ugll Total
I I I
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-3
lron
lron
lron
lron
lron
[~io Creek
[BIG-1 I 02-May-98 / lron
Railroad Creek
RC-11 lron
RC-11
lron
RC-6A
lron
RC-6B
Iron
RC-6C
Iron
RC-6
Iron
RC-6
Imn
RC-6
Iron
RC-6
lron
RC-6
lron
RC-6
lron
RC-6
lron
RC-6 ' North Bank
lron
RC-6 North Bank
Iron
RC-1 A
Iron
RC-18
lron
RC-1 C
lron
RC-1
lron
RC-1
lron
RC-1
lron
RC-1
Iron
RC-1 North Bank
Iron
RC-1 North Bank
lron
RC-1 South Bank
Iron
RC-1 South Bank
lron
Historical Railroad creek
I USGS 367 f 01-Jul-94 f Iron
USGS 546
lron
USGS 600
Iron
USGS 707
lron
I
Copper Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
lstehekh ~ rea
SF Agnes Creek
1 _ypg7
Company Creek 02-0ct-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
lron
Iron
Iron
Iron
lron
lron
Iron
h:\holden\dral?
final rirpt\S_5Uables\5-3-21014.xk
7/23/99 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.3-9
Lead Data Points. Background Assessment
Holden Mine RllFS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693005019
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-1
HC-2
HC-3
HC-4
Bia Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RC-11
RC6A
RC-60
RCdC
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1 A
RC-1 B
RC-1 C
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
USGS 546
USGS 600
Dept of Ecology
Dept of Ecology
USGS 707
Copoer Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date Collected
04-0697
01-May-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
04-Oct-97
01 -May-98
1 5-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
19-May-97
26-May-97
02-Jun-97
09-Jun-97
1 BJun-97
10-Jul-97
03-May-98
15-Sep97
15-Sep-97
1 6-Apr-97
16-Apr-97
16-Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15-Sep97
03May-98
19-May-97
15-Sep97
1 $May-97
15-Sep-97
01 -Jul-94
01 -Jul-95
01 -May-%
12-Jun-96
10-Sep96
01 -Sep96
23-May-97
1 1 -Jul-97
15-Sep97
02-May-98
16-Sep97
30-Sep97
02-Oct-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
h Vlolden\draR final rirpt\S-5Uables\5-3-2tol4.xh
7/23/99
Metal
Lead
LL Lead
LL Lead
LL Lead
LL Lead
LL Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
LL Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
LL Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
LL Lead
Lead
Lead
Lead
Result (ug/L)
0.3
0.018
~0.011
~0.011
~0.011
~0.011
~0.2
0.5
cl
cl
-=I
~0.9
c0.3
4.8
~0.2
~0.2
0.2
~0.011
0.9
c0.2
-=I
c1
c1
~0.2
0.3
0.5
~0.011
c1.1
~0.2
~0.7
0.2
c0.2
~0.3
0.2
0.02
0.02
c50
~0.4
1.8
~0.2
~0.011
~0.2 '
~0.2
c0.2
Total Set
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Seasonal
rin Fall
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Railroad Creek
Set 1A
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Other Bkg
Set 1B
X
X
X
X .
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.3-10
Magnesium Data Points, Background Assessment
Holden Mine RWS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693-005919
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-1
HC-2
HC-3
HC4
Bia Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-17
RC-11
RC-6A
Rc-68
RC-6C
RC-6
RC-6
Rc-6
RC-6
RG6
RC-6 .
RC-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1A
RC-1 B
RC-1C
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
USGS 546
USGS 600
Dept of Ecology
USGS 707
CODD~~ Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
CC- 1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date Collected
060cl-97
01-May-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
04-0~1-97
01-May-98
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
19-May-97
26May-97
M-Jun-97
09Jun-97
16-Jun-97
1Wul-97
03-May-98
15Sep97
15-Sep97
16Apr-97
16-Apr-97
16Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15-Sep97
03-May-98
19-May-97
15Sep-97
19-May-97
15-Sep97
01-Jul-94
01-Jul-95
01-May-96
10-Sep-96
01 -Sep96
23-May-97
1 l-Jul-97
15-Sep97
02-May-98
16Sep97
3GSep-97
02-Oct-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
h.\holden\drafl final nrpl\S_5Vables\5>M14.~ls
7RW
Metal
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesiurir
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium
Result (u$/L)
330
520
580
570
230
350
260
230
640
650
660
360
370
340
310
250
260
320
350
350
660
660
660
360
270
350
330
360
340
360
350
270
280
el000
NA
4000
550
390
470
430
790
300
560
Total Set
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Seasonal
Spring Fall
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Railroad Creek
Set lA X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X .
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Other Bkg
Set lB X
X
X
X
X .
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.3-11
Manganese Data Points. Background Assessment
Holden Mine RUFS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693405019
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HC-1
HC-2
HC-3
HC-4
Biu Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RC-11
RC-6A
RC-68
RC-6C
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1A
RC-1 B
RC-1C ,
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
USGS 546
USGS 600
USGS 707
Co~per Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date Collected
WOct-97
01 -May-=
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
WOct-97
01 -May-98
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
19-May-97
26-May-97
02-Jur-97
09Jun-97
1BJun-97
10-Jul-97
03-May-98
1 5-Sep-97
15-Sep97
16-Apr-97
16-Apr-97
16-Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15-Sep-97
03-May-98
19-May-97
15-Sep97
19-May-97
15-Sep-97
01 -Jul-94
01-Jul-95
01-May-96
01 -Sep-96
=May-97
11-Jul-97
15-Sep-97
02-May-98
16-Sep-97
30-Sep-97
02-Oct-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
h:\holden\drafl final rirpt\St\S5Vables\5%21014.xts
7 m
Metal
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Result (uglL)
1.8
0.78
2.91
1.32
1.05
~0.29
3.17
2.88
2
1
1
1.94
1.4
1.23
0.96
1
1.1 8
2.08
1.72
1.74
2
1
1
1.82
1.1 3
1.65
2
1.86
1.67
1.83
1.68
2
1.6
c3
c10
c1
0.1 3
~0.13
0.82
~0.14
0.62
0.29
Total Set
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
,
Seasonal
Spring Fall
. X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Railroad Creek
Set 1A
X
X
X
X
X
X
. X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Other Bkg
Set 1B
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.3-12
Selenium Data Points, Background Assessment
Holden Mine RVFS
Dames 8 Moore Job NO. 17693005019
Sample
Holden Creek
HoMen Creek
HC-1
HC-2
HG3
HG4
Bla Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RCll
RCGA
RC-66
RCdC
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
RC6 North Bank
RGlA
RGl B
RGlC
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
01 -Jul-94
USGS 546
01-Jul-95
USGS 600
01-May-96
Dept of Ecology 10-Sep96
USGS 707
01-Sep-96
Copper Creek
CC-1
CCl
CC-1
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date Collected
04-03-97
01-May-98
30-Apr-98
3C-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
04-Oct-97
01-May-98
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
l5Apr-97
19-May-97
26-May-97
02-Jun-97
09-Jun-97
16-Jun-97
10-Jul-97
O3May-98
15Sep-97
15-Sep-97
16Apr-97
16-Apr-97
16Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15Sep-97
03-May-98
19-May-97
15-Sep-97
19-May-97
15-Sep-97
23-May-97
1 l-Jul-97
15-Sep97
02-May-98
16-Sep-97
30-Sep-97
02-0ct-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
NA - Not Analyzed
Note: Statistical analysis was not performed for seasonal due to limited sample results
h:\holden\draR final nrpt\S_5UablesS521014 xls
712399
Metal
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
.Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Selenium
Result (ugiL) Total Set
N A
N A
N A
N A
N A
N A
N A
N A

TABLE 5.3-1 3
Silver Data Points. Background Assessment
Holden Mine RWS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693405019
Sample .
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HG1
HC-2
HC3
HC-4
Bia Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
RC-11
RC-6A
Rc-6B
RCM:
Rc-6
Rc-6
Rc-6
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6
Rc-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
Rc-6 North Bank
RC-1A
RC-18
RC-1C
RC-1
RC1
RC-1 .
RC-1
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
01-Jul-94
USGS 546
01-Jul-95 .
USGS 600
01-May-96
Dept of Ecology
1 0-Sew96
USGS 707
01-Sew96
Cower Creek
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1 '
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
- --
Date Collected
04-0ct-97
01-May-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
02-May-98
04-0ct-97
01 -May-98
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
19-May-97
26May-97
02-Jun-97
09-Jun-97
16-Jun-97
10JuI-97
03-May-98
15-Seg97
15Sep97
16-Apr-97
16Apr-97
16Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15-Sep97
03-May-98
19-May-97
15-Sep97
19-May-97
15Sep97
23-May-97
1 1 -Jul-97
15-Sep97
02-May-98
16Sep97
30-Sep97
02-09-97
- - - - -- - -
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
NA - Not Analyzed
Metal
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Sih
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Silver
Result (ug/L) Total Set - Seasonal
Spring Fall
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
c0.04
C0.04
~0.2
~0.2
~0.2
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
c0.04
~0.04
~0.04
c0.04
. c0.2
~0.2
c0.2
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
~0.04
c0.04
~0.04
c0.04
cO.1
cO.1
c0.6
N A
N A
c0.04
~0.04
~0.04
c0.04
~0.04
c0.04
~0.04
-
loft
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
. X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
. X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
.X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Railroad Creek
Set 1A
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Other Bkg
Set l B
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.3-14
Zinc Data Points, Background Assessment
Holden Mine RlPS
Dames 8 Moore Job NO. 1769340541 9
Sample
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
HG1
HG2
HC-3
HC-4
Biq Creek
BIG-1
Railroad Creek
RC-11
Re11
RC-GA
RC-66
RCM:
R M
RC-6
RC-6
RG6
R M
RC-6
RC-6
RC-6 ' North Bank
RC-6 North Bank
RC-1A
RGlB
RC-1C
RGl
RC-1
RC-1
RGl
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-1 South Bank
Historical Railroad Creek
USGS 367
USGS 546
USGS 600
Dept of Ecology
Dept of Ecology
USGS 707
Copoer C mk
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
CC-1
Ten Mile Creek
Stehekin Area
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
Date Collected
0406-97
01 -May-%
30-Apr-98
30-Apr-98
30-Ap(-98
02-May-98
a4-oct-97
01-May-98
15-Apr-97
15-Apr-97
- 15-Apr-97
19-May-97
26-May-97
02 Jun-97
09-Jun-97
16Jun-97
10-Jul-97
03-May-98
15Sep97
15-Sep97
16-Apr-97
1GApr-97
16-Apr-97
19-May-97
10-Jul-97
15Sep97
03May-98
19-May-97
15-Sep97
19-May-97
15-Sep97
01-Jul-94
01 Jul-95
01-May-96
12-Jun-96
10-Sep96
01 -Sep96
23-May-97
1 1 -Jul-97 '
15-Sep97
02-May-98
1Mep97
30-Sep97
02-0ct-97
X - Data point was used for statistical analysis.
Metal
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Dissohred
Result (uM-1
6
c4
c4
c4
c4
c4
5
c4
6
6
5
16
el4
43
46
12-
6
c4
4
16
5
5
c4
13
6
c4
c4
16
9
13
c4
4
10
3.4
1.3
0.85
c10
12
10
c4
c4
c4
11
7
Result
Total Set
(u&)
c4
c4
c4
c4
c4
c4
c4
C4
c4
c4
c4
c4
5
~4
5
c4
c4
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X'
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
'
Seasonal
Spring Fall
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Railroad Creek
Set lA loll DAMES & MOORE
X
X
X
X
X
X
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Omer Bkg
Set 16
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

TABLE 5.3-15
Statistical Summary - Spring Data Set, Background ~ssessment'
Holden Mine RllFS
Dames & Moore Job No. 17693-005-019
Metal
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Zinc
# data pts
19
10
20
18
19
18
18
17
20
Notes:
Statistical analysis calculated using MTCA Stat Background Module (an Excel 5.0 macro), designed by the Washington Department of Ecology.
90th percentile values are in uglL.
The mean value is based on lognormal except where data distribution is normal or non-parametric.
h;\holden\draft final rirpt\S-SUables~3-15.xls
7/23/99
# detects
12
10
6
17
10
4
18
16
4
# nondetects
7
0
14
1
9
14
0
1
16
Distribution
Normal
Lognormal
Lognormal
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
Lognormal
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
90th %'
47.74
0.84
0.06
1.02
30
0.31
540
2.64
4.84
means
34.167
0.557
0.057
0.754
34.1
0.31 1
380
1.628
5.425
std dev
11.645
0.196
0.014
0.228
20.42
0.227
110
0.665
4.638
median
30
0.515
0.055
0.7
30
0.1 1
360
1.61
4.2
min
20
0.29
0.04
0.3
20
0.01 8
230
0.78
1.3
max
60
1
0.08
1 .I
9 1
0.5
580
2.91
12

TABLE 5.3-16
Statistical Summary -Fall Data Set, Background ~ssessment'
Holden Mine RllFS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693-005-019
Metal
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
cZinc
# data pts
13
8
12
12
11
12
11
11
13
Notes:
1 Statistical analysis calculated using MTCA Stat Background Module (an Excel 5.0 macro), designed by the Washington Department of Ecology
90th percentile values are in uglL.
The mean value is based on lognormal except where data distribution is normal or non-parametric.
h:\holden\draft final rirpt\S-SUables\5-3-16.xls
7/23/99
# detects
3
8
4
12
6
5
11
9
8
# nondetects
10
0
8
0
5
?
0
2
5
Distribution
Non-Parametric
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
90th %2
26
NIA
0.08
0.90
56
0.56
744
2.9
12.95
mean3
16.133
0.84
0.065
0.518
43.33
0.644
405
1.593
8.468
std dev
12.143
0.763
0.032
0.262
8.165
0.337
152
0.808
4.657
median
11
0.815
0.065
0.45
40
0.3
350
1.68
6.5
min
7.4
0.13
0.02
0.2
40
0.02
260
0.29
0.85
max
30
2.56
0.09
1.1
60
0.9
790
3.17
16

TABLE 5.3-17 ,
Statistical Summary - Set 1A (Railroad Creek) and Set 1B (Other Background), Background ~ssessment'
Holden Mine RllFS
Dames & Moore Job No. 17693-005-019
Metal
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Zinc
Data Sets
Set 1A
Set 1 B
Set 1A
Set 1B
Set 1A
Set l B
Set 1A
Set 1B
Set lA
Set 1 B
Set 1A
Set 16
Set I A
Set 1 B
Set 1A
Set 1 B
Set 1A
Set 1B
# data pts
30
13
11
8
28
13
21
12
27
13
22
13
27
13
27
12
31
13
- Notes:
1
Statistical analysis calculated using MTCA Stat Background Module (an Excel 5.0 macro), designed by the Washington Department of Ecology.
90th percentile values are in uglL.
The mean value is based on lognormal except where data distribution is normal or non-parametric.
h:\holden\draft final rirpt\S-5Uables\5-3-17xls
7/23/99
# detects
18
4
1 I
8
7
4
20
12
2 1
2
9
3
27
13
27
9
12
3
# nondetects
12
9
0
0
2 1
9
1
0
6
11
13
10
0
0
0
3
19
10
Distribution
lognormal
lognormal
non-parametric
lognormal
lognormal
lognormal
lognormal
lognormal
non-parametric
non-parametric
lognormal
non-parametric
non-parametric
lognormal
lognormal
lognormal
lognormal
non-parametric
90th %'
39.23
36.82
0.92
0.97
0.07
0.07
1.13
0.81
44
26
0.53
1.20
660
703
2.47
2.57
8.1
9.4
means
28.194
33.048
0.656
0.461
0.062
0.06
0.729
0.489
39.095
25
0.453
0.706
393
467
1.653
1.213
6.86
8
std dev
12.309
12.583
0.168
0.282
0.025
0.014
0.248
0.199
14.29
7.071
0.279
0.958
148
1'50
0.556
0.853
4.536
2.646
median
30
30
0.54
0.42
0.06
0.055
0.66
0.5
40
25
0.2
0.3
350
470
1.68
0.82
5
7
min
7 4
20
0.5
0.1 3
0.02
0.05
0.26
0.2
20
20
0.02
0.01 8
230
230
0 96
0.1 3
0.85
6
max
60
50
0.94
1
0.09
0.08
1.1
0.9
91
30
0.9
1.8
660
790
3.17
2.91
16
11

TABLE 5.3-18
SUMMARY OF RI SURFACE WATER ANALYW~AL RESULTS
STEHEKlN REFERENCE STREAMS
HOLDEN MINE RlFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 176%40!5419 ,
-
Parameter
Total Metals. 1uaLl
Sample ID Bridge Creek Bridge Creek X* SF Agnes Creek Company Creek
Sampling Date 9RB197 9R8R7 9R0197 1QN47
Alumtnum 50U 30U 11OU . 30U
Amenlc 0.25 0.24 2.84 0.14
Banum 5.07 5.38 4.91 6.27
Beryllium 0.04U 0.OBU 0.04U 0.08U
Caarnturn 0.04U 0 04U 0.04U 0.04U
Calcium 4.790 4.750 2.420 6.980
Chromlum 0.2U 0.2~ 0.2U 1U
Copper 0.3 0.4 0.4 o 4
Iron ZOU 20U 90 20il
Lead 0.2U ' 0.2 0.2U 0.3
Magnesium 470 470 340 570
Manganese 0.54 0.47 1.79 0.9
Molytu.lenum 1.24 1.23 0.98 0.60
Nickel 0.2U 0.2U 0.2U 0.3
Potassium 500U 500U 500U 500U
Silver 0.08J 0.09J 0.15J 0.04U
Sodium 750U 760U 610U 840U
Zinc 4U 4U 4U 4U
Dissolved Metals. 1uaR)
Alumlnum 30U 30U 20U 20U
Arsenic 0.24 0.24 2.56 0.13
Banurn 5 30 5 25 4.36 6.14
Beryiltum 0.08U 0.08U 0.08U 0.04U
Cadmium 0.04U 0.04U 0.04U 0.04U
Calc~um 4.750 4.750 2.350 6.890
ChrOtnlum 0.2U 0.2U 0.2U 0.2U
Copper . 0.4 1.4 0.5 0.4
Iron 20U 20U 20U 20U
Total Suspended Solids
Noter:
J - Eulrnated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected abwe the reporting limn shorn.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for Dut not detected Detection l~mn 1s an estimated value.
'X after sample ID IS an indication of field sample duplicate
:*.:c:*::

TABLE 5.519
STATION R Cl AND PROXIMITY SUNlMARY OF HISTORICAL RAILROAD CREEK ANALYTICAL DATA (1982-1996)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES b MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value
TR- Trace; indicates compound detectable, but not quantifiable.
U - Parameter was analyzed f ~ but , not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
* indicates that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented
. . . indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported and analyzed.
:Z.IW$*@wmj
., .
,. ,. . %. .
........... ,. . .
h.\holden\drafl final nrpt\S-5\TablesE-l19a rds
7mm
. .
Data Eource:
(a) Arujerson. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Compdation of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden Mine SRe.
(b) Wslters, et al. 1992 Holden M~ne Reclamation Pmject Final Repal. Pacific Northwest Laboratories.Richland, w.4. (Data collected in 1991).
(c) Kilburn. el al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample localrty maps for slrearn-sediment. heavy-minealcmlrate, mill tarling, water, and precipilate samples collecled
in and around the Hdden mine, Chelan Counfy. Washington USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version, '9-6800 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(d) Kilbum. J E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1996. Characlerization of acid mine drainage at the HoMen mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96531. (Data collected in 1995)
(I) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Ana&t&l results and cornpafalive ovmiew of gemhem&?/ studies Cofldmled $1 /he HoMen Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open F~le Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(g) Kilbrn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(h) Johnson. A.. et al. 199i. Effecfs of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad c,-eeIf (Lake ChelanJ.
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-30 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 1 of 3
TABLE 5.3-19
STATION RC1 AND PROXMN SUMMARY OF HISTORICAL
. RAILROAD CREEK ANALYTICAL DATA (1982-1996)
1)~;~s & Mf *,RE
J

h:\holden\drafi final nrpt\SS\TaMes\53-19a ds
TABLE 5.349
STATION RC1 AND P ROXm SUWdARY OF HISTORICAL RAILROAD CREEK ANALnlCAL DATA (1982-1996)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES MOORE JOB NO. 17693-OO!X19
nic Carbon (mgA)
Data Notes: Data Source:
J - Estimated value. (a) Anderson. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Ranger Dtstrict). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment d the Holden Mine Sic. .
TR- Trace; indicates compound detectable. but not quantifmble.
(b) Walters, et al. 1992. Hdden Mrne Reclamaton Project Final Reporl. Pacfc Northwest Laboratories.Richland. WA. (Data collected in 1991).
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the repoJbng limit shown.
(c) Kilburn. el at. 1994 Geochemical data and sample locality maps for streamsediment. heavy-mineraCconcentrafe. mlU tarling. water, and precipifale samples collected
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detection lime is an estimated value.
in and around the Holden ,nine. Chelan County, Washingion. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
indicates that highest value fmm range of replicated samples m e represented
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S J Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mrne drainage at the HoMen mine. Chelan. Washinglon. USGS Open Flle Repd 9E-531 (Data collected In 1995)
>x.>:aw#@&Q$F
"'.. P*I:T & Mrftui:

--
TABLE 5.3-19
STATION RC-1 AND PROXIMIN SUMMARY OF HISTORICAL RAILROAD CREEK ANALYTICAL DATA (1982-1996)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES L MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
h:\holden\draR final rirpt\S-5\TablesS3-19a,ds
7n2m
TR- Trace. indites comwund detectable. but not auantifiabfe
-
u Parameter was analyied for. but not detected a& the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
. , indicates . that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented
.:di:::W@&m .,., . ... % . .... ., . indicates the concentration of a~lyte was not established, lherefore not reported and analyzed.
Data Source:
(a) Anderson. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden Mine S~te.
(b) Walten, et al. 1992 Holden Mine Reclamation Pmjecf Final Report. Pac~fic tJorthwest Laboratories.Richland, WA. (Data collected in 1991).
(c) 5lburn. et al. 1994. Geochemicaldata and sample localify maps for sfream-sediment, heavy-minerakoncentrate, mill ta~ling. water. and precipflafe samples collecfed
m 2nd around the HoMen mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-68OA Paper Version. 9-8 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994)
(d) Kilburn. J.E 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterizalion of acid mine drainage af the HoMen mine, Chelan. Washington. uSGS Open File Report 96-91. (Data collected tn 1995)
(f) Kihum, J E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Analytical results and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mine. spring 19%
UTS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(g) Kilbrlrn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected ln Fall 1996).
(h) Johnson. A . el al 1997. Ekts of H&en Mine on the Water. Sedrments and Benthfc Inverlebrates of Rail-d && (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Sewices Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No 97.330 (data collected in Sprlng and Fall 1996).
Page 3 of 3
TABLE 5.3-19
STATION RC-1 AND PROXIMITY S U M Y OF HISTORICAL
RAILROAD CREEK ANALYTICAL DATA (1982-1996)
I).~AI..s & MI #:RE

TmLE 5.240
STATION RG2 AND P ROXW SUMMARY OF HlSTORlCAL RPJLROAD CREEK AHAL- DATA (19824996)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
W S i3 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value
NR - Nol Rewiled
TR- Trace ondocales compound detectable, but not quanhfmble
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporbng llmrt shown
UJ Parameter was analyzed for bul nd detected Detecbon Iomll a an esbrnated value
~ndlcates that h~ghest value hom range of replocated samples were represented
:"

TABLE 5.3-20
STATION RG7. N O PROXUdlV S W Y OF HlSTORlCAL RAILROW CREEK ANALYTICAL DATA (1982-1996)
HOLDEN WNE RUFS
W S &MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005019
-Nab%
J - Estimated value.
NR - Not Reported
TR- Trace; indicates compound detectable. but not quantifiable.
U - Parameter was analyzed for. bul not deteded above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detection lima is an estimated value.
indicates that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented
3 . , . . . . . ,.
indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported and analyzed
h \holden\draR final nrpl\S_S\Tables\5-3-20a xls
7nm9
source:
(a) Anderson. Keith A (USFS Chelan Ranger Dabict). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden M~ne Slte.
(b) Walters. et al. 1992 Holden Mine Reclamation Roject Fmal Repa?. Pacific Northwest Laboratories.Richland. WA [Data colleded in 1991)
(c) Kilburn, d al 1994. Gemhemica1 data and sample locality maps fa streamsediment, heavy-minerakoncenbale. m11 larlmg, water, and peciplate samples collected ,
in and around the Holden mine, Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Charactwizalbn of acid mine drainage at Vie Hdden mine, Chelan. Washmg2m. USGS Open File Report 9653 1. (Data collected in 1995)
(0 Kilburn. J.E. 8 S. J. Sutley 1997 Anarncal resuns and comparative oveniee of geochemical sludies ducted al !he Holden Mine. spring 1996
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spnng 1996).
(g) Kilburn. J E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminarydata (no repott attached data collected in Fall 1996).
(h) Johnson, A . et al. 1997. ElTecLr d Holden Mine on the Water. ~edimenls and Benlhic lnverfetrales dRarboad Creek (Lake ~h~lin).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication NO. 97-30 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 2 of 4
TPBLE 5.520
STATION RC-2 PND PROXIh7lTV SUMWRY OF HISTORICN
mono CREEK wmcu DATA(~~~z-I~~)
~),\MEs & &IOOWE

TABLE 5.3-20
h:\holden\draft final rirpW5\Tables\5-52Oa.x(s
7 n m
STATION RCZ AND PROXIWTY SU#IMI\RY OF HlSTORW RAILROAD CREEK ANALYTlClll DATA (1982-1996)
nowmmams
DAMES l& MOORE JOB NO. 1769'3405419
DaB Nates:
J - Estimated value.
NR - Not Reported
TR- Trace, indicates compound detectable, but not quanlable.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but nd detected above the repotting limil shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but MI detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
indicates that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented
2
.,
3. . :.
c ; z ~ ~ @ indicates . ~ : the concentration of anwe was not established, therefore not reported and analyzed
Data Source:
(a) Ande~n Keith A (USFS Chelan Ranger Distriit). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden Mine Site.
(b) Walten, kt a!. 1992. Holden Mine Recbmatim RWsf FindRepcrl Pacific Northwest Laboratories,Richlamj, WA. (Data collected in 1991).
(c) Kilbum. et al 1994 Geochemical data and sample locaBIy maps la streamsediment heavy-mineral-con~enhf~, mill tailing. Nuater. and pxiprtate sampks collected
in andaround the Hdden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version 946808 Diskette versicn (Data Collected in 1994)
(d) IOIOurn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. CharacfwizatEM of acidmine drainage at the M e n mme. Chekn. wash;&. USGS Open Fde Report96-531 (Dab collected in 1995)
(0 Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. A~icalresults and cornparafive weviE+v Of geochemical shrdies mnduc~ at the Holden Mme. spring 1946.
USGS Open F~le Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1946)
(g) Kilburn J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(h) ~ohnso". A.. et al. 1997. Eirects of Holden Mine on Ihe Wafer. Sediments and Benthic InverteLrates of Ra~boad oeek (Lake Chelan)
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication NO, 97-330 (data mllected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 4 of 4
TABLE 53-20
STATION K-2 N4D PROXIMTY SUMMARY OF HlSTORlCAL
RPJIROPD CREEK ANALYTICAL DATA (1982-1996)

TABLE 5.3-21
STATION RG3 AND PROXlhUlY SUbUAARY ff HISTORICAL RAJLROBD CREEK AHALYTICOL DATA (1982-1996)
HOLDEN MIME RUFS
DAMES 6 MooRE JOB NO. 17693405019
nic Carbon (mgll)
Data-:
J - Estimated value.
TR- Trace amount of sample reported.
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting limit shw.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected Detection limit is an estimated value.
indicates that highest value from range of replicated sampleswere represented
: .............,.,,,. . ,_. .........,,.,,,. ,.':;:.:;: indicates the concentration of analyte was not established. therefwe not reported and analyzed
h:\holden\draft final nrpt\S_5\Tables\552Ia.~ls
7 m ~ 9 Page 1 of 3
- -
Data Source:
(a) Anderson, Keith A (USFS Chelan Ranger Oistnct). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden Mine Sie.
(b) Walters. el al. 1992. Holden Mine Reclamati~ Rojecl FmalRepi. Pacifc Northwest Laborataries.Richland. WA (Data collected in 1991)
(c) Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locality maps I& sbeam-sediment, heavy-minwahncenlrate. mill tailmg, wafer. and peciprtate samples collected
in and around the H&en mine. Chelan County, fi'ashingt~. USGS Open File Report 94-68OA Paper Version. 94.fj81JB Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(d! Johnson. A.. et al. 1997. Elfecls dHolden Mine M the Wats. Sediments and Benthic Invertebates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental lnvesbgations and Laboratory Se~ces Program. Water Body No WA-47-1020 Publication No. 97.330 (data urllected in Spring and Fall 1996)
TPBLE 51-21
STATION RW AND PROXtMlTT S U M Y OF HlSTORWL
RAILROAD CREEK DATA (1982-1996
~),\UF-% & %~O~IUE

TPBLE 5.3-21
STATION RCJ AHD PROXBSlY SUMMARY OF HlSTORlCAL RAILROAD CREEK W VlEAl DATA(1982-1996)
HOLDEN MElE RlfFS
DAHIES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 176934OM19
Parameters
Data Nobss:
J - Estimated value.
Data Source:
(a) Ande~n. Keith A (USFS Chelan Ranger District). 1992 Compilation of Data for Ptelimi~ry Assessment dthe Holden Mine Site.
TR- Trace amount of sample reported.
(b) Walten, et al. 1992. Holden MineReclamation Rojecf FinalRW Pacific Northwest Laboratories.Richland, WA (Cats collected in 1991).
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value
(c) I0lburn. el al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample lccalify map Itr stream-sediment heavy-mineralconcentate, mi! tailing. water. and peciprtafe samples mNectM
in and amund the Holden mine. Chdan County. Washingfon USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6.WB Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
indites that highest MlUe from range of r e p l i samples were represented
: indicates the concentration d analyte was not established, therefore not reported and analyzed
, . . . . . . .,. .
(dl Johnson. A. et al. 1997. Effects olHoMen Mine on Ule Water. Sedimenfs and BenUlic Invertebates dRailroad ~eei[iake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Se~ces Program .Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-33 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
TAELE 53-24
STAm RC-3 AND PROXIMITY SUMMARY OF HlSTORlCAL
RAILROM CREEK bNM.YTlCAL DArA (19821996
h VloldenWraR final r1rpnS-S\Tables\5-12la xls
7R399 Page 2 of 3 I),%\!)\ & >!t>flk~

TABLE 5.3-22
SUMMARY OF RI WATER QUALITY DATA FOR STATIONS IN RAILROAD CREEK UPSTREAM OF SITE
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllbrm
Cadmium
Calcium
Chrmum
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
POI~SS~
Seleniwn
Silver
SOdml
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
Stream Discharge (ds)
h.\holden\mafl lmal rn rpl\S-S\Tables\ 5-3-22a.xk
7/27/92
Pags 1 of 2
TABLE 5.3-22
SunUnary of RI Waler Quality Data tor Stations in Railmad Creek Upstream of Site
RC-6 Station
RC-1 Station
Parameters
Station No.
SmplingDats
RC-11
101497 5/1/98
RCGA
4/15/97
RC-6B
4115197
RCdC
4H5197 5H9/97 5/26/97 612197
RC4
619197 6/16/97 7110197 5IMB
RC-6 North Bank
9/35/97 I
RC4 North Bank X
9/15/97
RC-1A
4/16/97
RC-1B
4116197
RC-1C
4/16/97 5/19/97
RC-1
711W97 9115197 513198
RC-1 North Bank
5/19/97 9/15/97
RC-1 South Bank
Y19/97 9115197
l&m&wAm
Aluminum
Arsenic
140u
1.56
70u -
1.12
mu
1 U
2w
1 U
20
1 u
90
0.80
405 160 80J 180 150
[.-.+%\ >.~~.=~~,:..>.- .
F--.;. , .- ...r ...- 3 -+ 0 76
1%~
1.07
60
1.07
60
1.09
20
1
zou
1
MU
2
90
0.72
160
0.76
70
107
IOOJ
0.86
100 40 IWU 60
~arium
4.13 4.14 3 3 4 4.92 4.43 4.87 4.43J 5 4.61 5.1
4.38 4.52
3 3 4 4.98 4.62 4.42 4 91 5 02 4.40 4.80 4 39
Beryllium
0.08U 0 04U I U 1U 1 U 0.04U 0.2U 0.04U 0.04U 0 2U 0.04U C.04U
0 04U 0 04U
1 U 1 U 1 U 0.04U 004U 0.04U 0.WU 004U 0.04U 0.04U 0.04U
Cadm'arm
0.04U 004U O.2U 0.2U 0.2~ OMU O.MU 004 0.04U 0.2U 0.04U G.MU
0 MU 0 04U
02U 0.2U 02U 0.04u OMU 0.04U 004U 005 004U 0.04U 004u
Calcium
2.540 2410 6.720 6.660 6,740 3.820 4.020 3.430 3.UOJ 2.820 3.030 38W
4.100 4.020
6.480 6.480 6.470 3.800 3.050 4.080 5860 3.850 4.W 3.840 4.100
Chromium
0.2U 0 2U 5U 5U 5U 0.2U 0.2U 0 2U 0.2U 5U 0 2U 0.2U
0 2U 0 2U
5U 5U 5U 02U 02u 02u 02U 02u 02U 0.2U 02u
Copper
1.2 1 2U 2U 2U 0.9U 0.7 1.3 0.8J 4 1.1 1.8J
0.6 10
2U 2U 2U t.lU 1.0 0.6 1.1 1.2U ' 06 1.1U 0.7
Iron
220 90 ' 70 70 70 140 80J 150 705 170 150 180
110 120 . 70 90 70 120 150 110 110 130 ,100 140 110
Lead
0.4 0.139 1U 1U 1 U 0 3U 0.3 4 8 0.U 1 U 03UJ 0124
0 2UJ 0.3UJ
1 U 1 U 1 U 02U 03UJ 0.2UJ 0.103 0.3U 03UJ 0.4U 0.2UJ
Magnesium
290 240 680 670 670 3M) 400 340 3405 310 310 260
360 350
650 640 650 360 320 350 330 370 360 390 360
Manganese
Merwry
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
6.02 3.83 2 2 2 3 7
!Tzgw.%T '
& , & 0 1U 0.1U 0.lU 0.W046.l
--s~~r--7!--., > "tT * -
066 0.65
TC--=wq 0 49 L~z'$~"$?s~~$$~~2~&~&
0.4 0.3 IOU 1 OU 1W 0.3J
5M)U MOU 600 810
-.-w-Q7-
:-r&L- ,a - - . . .--. lu 1U 1 U
1.67
0.4 0.4
1.955
OZU . 1OU
3.90
0 3
6.52
0 53
0.3
3 02
0.74
0.2
0 74
0 3
mu
2 2 4.70 3 87
0,lU 0.1 U 0 00039 0 W32J
: -~,.~:s

TABLE 5.3-21
SUMMARY OF RI WATER QUAUTY OATA FOR STATIONS IN RAILROAD CREEK UPSTREAM OF SITE
HOLOEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
TABLE 5.3-22
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Stations in Railroad Creek Upstream of Site
RC4 Station RC-1 Station
Station No. RC-11
Parameters RCdA RCdB RCdC RC6 RC4 North Bank RC4 North Bank X RC-1A RC-16 Rc-IC RC-1
RC-1 North Bank RC-1 South Bank
Total P e p
~amp~ing~ate 1014197 Y1198 4/15/97 ~1~197 4/15/97 5119197 926137 612197 613197 6116197 7110ts7 1 9998 9115197 9115197 4116137 4116197 4116197 5119147 7110197 9HY97 5/3/98 5H997 9115197 919197 911~7
~asoline ~ange tiy-s 0.25U 0 25U
Diesel Range Hydrocarbans 0.25U 0.25U
Motor Oil 0 SOU 0.5OU
Arodor 1016
Arccbr 1221
Arodor 1232
Arodor 1242
Arador 1248
Arodor 1254
&odor 1260
OWhosphorous (mgk) 0 004UJ
0.-U 0.022.'
Post Chhmabon Cyanide (mgll) 0.004UJ 0,004U 0.WU 0,004UJ
Tcial Cyanide (mgA) 0.004UJ 0 O.C&lU 0 W UJ
Total Dissolved Solids (mgk) 31J 11 16 34J 27 24 17 1JJ 910 .32J 15 34J
Tdal Pho~phaou~ (ma) 0 016U 0.028 0,031
Total Suspended Solids (rngll) 3.8 1.3 1.8U 1.OU 1.OU 1.lU 1.OUJ 1.U 1.1U 3.1 1.2 1.5 1.1~ 1.1~ I.OU I.OU I .ou 3 7 i.7 1.1~ 1.1 1.2
E"psTe tTv"a .%.
Chlor~de (mgll) .- k - v l.0U 1.OU 1.OU 1 .OU 1 .OU 1.OU 1.OU i.OU
1.1U 1.IU l.1U
1 OU
,-.: >:

h:\holden\draR final rirptS-5UablesS3-23.xls
7r23199
TABLE 5.3-23
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AD TRIBUTARIES (APRIL 1997)
HOLOEN MINE RWS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17695005419
RAILROAD CREEK:
UPSTREAM OF SlTE
ADJACENT TO SlTE
WWNSTREPM OF
SlTE
Statton No.
-
RCbA
RC-68
RC4C
RC-1A
RC-1 B
RC-1C
RWrab
RC4A
RC-7A
RC-ZA
RCdA
RCaA
RCBB
RCJA
Panmeters
SWQ Cnteria (Acute]
SWQ Criteria (Chronic)
~pecmc SWQ ~ritena (Acute)
Speciflc SWQ Cntieria (Chronic)
4115l97
4/15/97
4115197
Specific SWQ Cnterta (Acute)
Spectfic SWQ Chena (Chronic)
4/16/97
4116197
4/16/97
Spectfic SWQ Cntena (Acute)
Spectfic SWQ Critteria (Chronic)
4/16/97
Specific SWQ Cfltena (Acute)
Specmc SWQ Critlena (Chrontc)
4H6/97
Spectfic SWQ Crtteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Crtttena (Chronic)
4/16/97
Specific SWQ Crlteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ CrlUeria (Chrontc)
4117197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critiena (Chronic)
4117197
Specmc SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specffic SWQ CriUeria (Chronic)
418197
4118197
Specif~c SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specffic SWQ Crlttena (Chrontc)
4118197
Arsenic.
Dtssolved (ugll)
Cadmtum.
Dissolved (ugR)
Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed fcr but not detected. Delection limit is an estimated value.
NA - Data Not Available
NE - Not Established
Evaluation of chronic critena is based on total: acute criteria K based on dissolved.
* Dtssokd .
zinc concentralions polentiilly inueased due to the introduction of zinc during the field filtration procedure. See text for addilional information
"'Value is an average due if water samples were collected more than one t i within the specified period.
360
190
360
190
1 U
1 U
1 U
360
190
1 U
1 U
1 U
360
190
1 U
360
190
1 U
360
190
1 U
360
190
1 U
360
190
1 U
360
190
1 U
1 U
360
190
1 U
0 82
0 37
053
0 31
0 2 U
0 2 U
02U
0 61
030
02U
02U
02U
0 72
034
0 2
0 75
0 35
0 3
0 89
0 39
0 5
0 86
038
0 4
0 86
038
0 4
10
0 43
OZU
02U
10
0 43
02U
Chromtum. Copper. Dtssolved Lead. Dissolved Mercury. Ntckel. Dissolved Selenium. Total Silver, Dtssolved Zinc. Dksolved Hardness CaC03
Dissolved (ugk) (ugR) (ug/L) Dtssolved (ugll) ' (ugR) (U&) (Ufl) (Ua)" (mg/LYn
180 4 6 14 24 440 20 0.32 35 25
57 3.5 0 54 0.012 49 5 NE 32 25
140 3 7 11 2 4 360 20 0 21 29
47 2 8 0 41 0 012 40 5 NE 26 -- - -
5 U 2 U 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 0 2 U 6 19 67
5 U 2 U 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 6 19 67
5 U 2 U 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1U 02U 5 19 67
140 3 6 10 2 4 350 20 0 20 28
46 2 7 0 40 0012 39 5 NE 26 - - -
5 U 2 U 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 5 19
5 U 2 U 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 5 19
5 U 2 U 1 U
-
0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 4 U 19
160
52
4 1
3 1
12
0 47
2 4
0 012
390
44
20
5
0 26 32
NE - - 29 - - . -
5 U 9 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 39 22
160
53
4 3
3 2
13 2 4
0 49 0 012
410 20 0 27
45 -- 5 NE
33
30 --
5 U 11 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 55 23
190
61
5 0
3 7
15
0 59
2 4
0 012
470
52
20
5
036
NE
38
- 34 -
5 U 3 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 90 27
TABLE - - 53-25
SUliRHARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND
TRIBUTARIES (APRIL 1997)
180 4 8 15 2 4 450 20 0 34 37
59 3 6 0 57 0 012 50 5 NE 33 --A-
5 U 2 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 77 26
180
59 -
4 8
3 6
15
0 57
2 4
0 012
450
50
20
5
0 34
NE
37
- -- 33 - - -- - -
5 U 3 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U lu
I
02U 86 26
210
68
5 6
4 2
18
0 69
2 4
0012
530
58
20
5
0 46
NE
42
-- 39 - - - -- -
5 U 4 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 37 3 1
5 U 3 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02U 32 32
210 5 6 18 2 4 530 20 0 46 42
68 4 2 0 69 0 012 58 5 NE 39 - -- -
5 U 4 1 U 0 1 UJ 10 U 1 U 02 U 41 31

TABLE 5.3-24
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES (MAY1 JUNE 1997)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005019
RAILROAD CREEK:
UPSTREAM OF SITE
Station No.
RC-6
RC-1
Parameters
SWQ Criteria (Acute)
SWQ Criteria (Chronic)
Arsenic.
Dissolved (ugR)
360
190
Cadmium.
Dissolved (ug/L)
0.82
0.37
Chromium,
Dissolved (uqR)
180 '
57
Copper,
Dissolved (ugRI
4.6
3.5
Lead. Dissolved
(ug/L )
14
0.54
Mercury,
Dissolved (uqlLr
2.4
0.012
Nickel, Dissolved
(ugR)
440
49
Selenium, Total
(uglL)
20
5
Silver, Dissolved
lud-)
0.32
NE
TABLE 5.3-24
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONlTORlNO DATA AND
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND
TRIBUTARIES (MAY1 JUNE 1997)
Zinc. Dissolved
(ug/L)"
35
32
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360
0.34
90
2.1
5.5
2.4
220
20
0.077
18
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190
0.2
29 - -- 1.7
0.21
0.01 2
24
5
NE
16
511 9197 0.5
0.04 U
0.2 U
0.7
0.9 U 0.00003 J
0.3
0.2 U
0.04 U
16
11
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
511 9197
360
190
0.5
0.34
0.2
0.04 U
90
29
0.2 U
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.34 90 2.1 5.5 2.4 220 20 0.077 18
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190 0.2 29 1.7 0.21 - 0.012 24 5 NE Is- L
RC-1 North Bank 511 9/97 N A 0.06 0.2 U 1 1.1 U N A 0.3 NA 0.04U 16 11
Hardness CaCO,
lmslLl
25
25
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.34 90 2.1 5.5 2.4 220 20 0.077 18
RC-1 South Bank
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5H 9197
190
NA
0.2
0.04
29
0.2 U
1.7
1
0.21
0.7 U
. 0.012
N A
24
0.2
. -- 5
NA .
NE
0.04 U
16
13
--- -
11
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.4 103 2.5 6.6 2.4 250 20 0.1 20
RC4
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5121 197
190
NA
0.23
0.44
33
0.2 U
2
26.4
0.26
0.6 J
. 0.012
NA
28
0.3
- 5
N A
NE
0.08 U
19
73
-- -- -
13
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.47 120 2.8 7.8 2.4 280 20 0.13 23
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190 0.25 38 2.2 - (I,3 . 0.012 Up_- 32 - 5 MD - 21 ---
RC4 South Bank 5/21\97 N A 1.1 0.2 U 58.5 0.6 J N A 1 N A 0.14 U 191 15
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.44 110 2.7 7.2 2.4 2 70 20 0.12 22
ADJACENT TO SITE
RC-7
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5120197
190
N A
0.24
0.58
36
0.2 U
2.1
23
0.28
0.5 J
0.012
N A
a
0.4
- 5
N A
-1. NE
0.54 U
20
- - _ _ _ --- .-.L -.
85 14
2.1
1.7
1.1
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.47 120 2.8 7.8 2.4 280 20 0.13 23
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190 0.25 38 2.2 -- 0.3 -. -. 0.01 2 32 5 NE -
- 21 - - ._-L
RC-2 511 9197 0.3 0.53 0.4 23.6 1.4U 0.00047 J 0.9 0.2 U 0.07 84 15
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.47 120 2.8
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190 0.25 38 2.2
7.8 2.4
0.3 - 0.012
280
32
20 0.13 23
5 NE - 21 --- . .-. . -- .
RC-2 South Bank 511 9/97 0.22 0.55 0.2 U 26 0.6 U 0.00036 J 0.6 0.2 U 0.04 U 97 15
5.5
0.21
0.2 U
2.4
0.012
0.00031 J
220
20
-1
. 0.077
18
24
5 NE
16
0.2 0.2 U 0.04 U
13
11

TABLE 5.3-24
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES (MAYI JUNE 1997)
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-01 9
-
Station No.
RAILROAD CREEK lcontinuedfi
DOWNSTREAM OF
SITE
COPPER CREEK
Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U -Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ -Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
NA - Data Not Available
NE - Not Established
Evaluation of chronic criteria is based on total; acute criteria is based on dissolved.
" Dissolved zinc concentrations potentially increased due to the introduction of zinc during the field filtration procedure. See text for additional information.
h:holden\draft final rirptS-5\Tables\5-3-24a.xls
7/23/99
-
RC6
RC-SA
RC-3
CC-1
CC-2
Parameters
SWQ Criteria (Acute)
SWQ Criteria (Chronic)
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5/20/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5/22/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5/22/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5/23/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5/23/97
Arsenic,
Dissolved (ugR)
360
190
360
190
NA
360
190
360
190
0.19
360
190
NA
360
190
N A
Cadmium,
Dissolved (uqR)
0.82
0.37
0.47
0.25
0.5
0.4
0.23
0.04 U
0.4
0.23
0.04 U
Chromium,
Dissolved (u@)
180
57
120
38
0.2 U
0.58 130
0.29 - 4-4
0.4
5 U
0.58
0.29
0.24
130
44
5 U
103
33 -
5 U
103
33
5 U
Copper.
Dissolved (uglL)
4.6
3.5
2.8 '
2.2
21.5
3.4
- 2.6
7
3.4
2.6
10
2.5
2
2 U
2.5
2
2 U
Page 2 of 2
Lead. Dissolved
(uqn)
14
0.54
7.8
0.3
0.2 J
9.6
0.37
0.2 U
9.6
0.37
0.4 U
6.6
0.26
0.4 U
6.6
0.26
7 U
Mercury,
Dissolved (uglLP
2.4
0.012
2.4
0.012
NA
2.4
0.012
2.4
0.012 ..
0.00064
2.4
0.012
NA
2.4
0.012
NA
Nickel, Dissolved
~u@)
440
49
280
32
0.6
330
_ _37 _ _
10 U
330
37 .
10 U
250
a
10 U
250
28
10 U
Selenium, Total
(uqlL)
20
5
20
5
NA
20
5
20
5
0.2 U
20
5
NA
20
5
NA
Silver, Dissolved
(u@)
0.32
NE
0.1 3
WE -
0.14 U
0.18
NE . -
0.04 U
0.18
NE
0.04 U
0.1
NE
0.04 U
0.1
NE
0.04 U
TABLE 5.3-24
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND
TRIBUTARIES (MAYI JUNE 1997)
Zinc. Dissolved
(ugn)"
35
32
23
21 -
84
27
24 .
80
27
- 24 -.
38
20
l9
12
20
19 -- . .
13
Hardness CaCO,
lmqkl -
25
25
--.L
15
i-
18
.-I
18
-L.,-
13
-.
13

h V~olden\draR final nrpt\S-5\Tables\5-12h xis
TABLE 5.3-25
SUWRY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES (JULY 1997)
HOLDEN MINE RYFS
DWES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17695005419
RAILROAD CREEK:
UPSTREAHl OF
SITE
ADJACENT TO
SITE
Station No.
DOWNSTREAM OF
SITE
COPPER CREEK
'
RC4
RC-1
RC-4
RC4 South Bank
RC-7
RC-2
RC-2 South Bank
RCdA
RCJ
Parameters
SWQ Criteria (Acute)
SWQ Criteria (Chronic)
Arsenic. Cadmium. Chromium.
Dissolved (ugk) Dissolved (ugR) Dissolved (ugA)
- Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting ilmit shown.
UJ -Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
NA - Data Not Available
NE - Not Established
Evaluation of chronic criteria is based on total; acute cfitena is based on dissolved.
" Dissolved zinc concentrations potentiilly increased due to the intrcduction of zinc during the field finration procedure. See tekl for additional informaticin
360
190
360
190
0.52
360
190
0.51
360
190
NA
360
190
NA
360
190
N A
360
190
0.33
360
190
0.36
360
190
NA
360
1 90
0.23
360
190
NA
360
190
N A
0.82
0.37
0.26
- 0.17
0.04 U
0.27
0.17
0.04 U
0.28
0.18
0.09
0.28
0.18
0.1
0.3
0.19
009
0 3
0.19
0 08
0 3
0.19
009
0 34
0.2
0.1
0.44
0.24
0.07
0.28
0.18
0.08
0.27
0.17
0.04 U
180
S7
74
24
- 0.2 U
i6
25
0.2 U
79
- '26
0.2 U
78
15
0.2 U
~3
27
0.2 U
83
- 27
02U
Page 1 of 1
TABLE 5.3-25
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK L
TRIBUTARIES (JULY 1997)
DAW-s & MOORE
7/23/99
- ---- - -- d
Copper.
Dissolved (ugk)
4.6
3.5
1.7
1.4
0.6
1.7
1.4
0.6
1.8
15
3.4
1.8
1.5
5.3
1.9
1.6
2.6
1.9
1.6
2.3
1.9
16
2.6
2.1
1.7
2.4
2.7
2.1
. 1.9
1.8
1.5
0.3
1.8
1.5-
0 3
Lead. Dissolved
(ugR)
---------
CC1
CC-2
-
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
7110197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
7H0/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
7110197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
7110197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
7110197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
711 0/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
7HOR7
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
711 0197
SpecMc SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
711 1197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
711 1/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ CrltIeria (Chronic)
7111197
83
27
02U
DO
:!9
02U
110
36
0.2 U
78
25
0.2 U
76
25
02U
14
- 0.54
MercUw'
DE4fd
2.4
0.012
4 1
2.4
--
0.16
0.012
0.2 J 0.00033 J
4 3
0.17
0.3 J
4.6
0.18
0.4 J
4.5
0.18
0 2 UJ
4.9
0.19
055
4 9
0 19
0.2 UJ
4.9
0 . 1 9
02J
5.5
0 21
0.2 UJ
7.2
0.28 --
02UJ
-
4 5
0 18
1.8 J
-
4.3
0 17
0.2 UJ
2.4
0 012
0.00028 J
2.4
0.012
N A
2 4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
O.MW)53
2.4
0.012
0.0003 J
2.4
0.012
NA
2.4
0.012
O.MX)19 J
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
NA
Nickel.
Dissolved (ug/L)
440
49
180
20
0.2 U
180
20
0.2 U
190
2 1
0.2
190
2 1
0.2 U
202
22
0.2
202
22 --
0 2
202
22
0.2
220
24 -
0 2
270
30-
0.2 U
190
21
02U
180
2 1
02U
Selenium. Total
(ugA)
20
5
20
5
0.2 U
20
5
02U
20
5
NA
20
5
NA
20
5
N A
20
5
0.2 U
20
5
0.2 U
20
?I -
N A
20
5
0 2 U
20
5 -.
NA
20
5
NA
Silver.
Dissolved (ugA)
a 32
NE
<
0'051
NE
0.04 U
0.054
t4E
004U
0.059
NE
0.04 U
0.058
PIE
0.04 U
0.066
PIE
0.04 U
0 066
- IJE
0.04 U
O.tX6
PJE
0.04 U
0 077
.--- HE
0.04 U
3.12
1
0.04 U
0.06
. NE -
0.04 U
0.055
- NE
0.04 U
Zinc, Dissolved
(ug/L)"
35
32
14
13
6
15
13 --
6
15
14
17
--
15
l4
24
Hardness
CaCO> (mgR)
25
25
8 6
- -- - -.
8.9
9.4
L- --
9.3
16
15 - .- -
20
10
16
15
24
16
15
2 1
18
16
24
22
--A!-
17
15
14
10
15
l4 --
8
_--- L
10
.----
10
.- 1 -
11
.
-L
14
9.3
9
-

TABLE 5.3-26
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK. TRIBUTARIES, AND REFERENCE STREAMS (SEPTIOCT 1997)
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Station No.
STEHEKIN REFERENCE STREAMS:
RAILROAD CREEK:
UPSTREAM OF SITE
ADJACENT TO SlTE
Bridge Creek
SF Agnes Creek
Company Creek
RC-11
RCb North Bank
RC-1
RC-1 North Bank
RC-1 South Bank
RC-4
RC4 South Bank
RC-7
RC-2
RG2 South Bank
Parameters
SWQ Criteria (Acute)
SWQ Criterla IChronicl
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
4128147
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
9130197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
1012/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
1014197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critierla (Chronic)
911 5197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
911 5/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
411 5197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
9H 5/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Crttierla (Chronic)
911M97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Crttierla (Chronic)
9/15/97
Specific SWQ Criterla (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
9115197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Crttieria (Chronic)
9/15/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critlerla (Chronic)
911 5197
Arsenic.
Dissolved (uqR)
360
190
360
190
0.24
360
190
2.56
360
190
0.13
360
190
0.94
360
190
0.81
360
190
0.82
360
190
N A
360
190
N A
360
190
N A
360
190
N A
360
190
N A
360
190
0.49
360
190
0.52
Cadmium,
Dissolved (ugR)
0.82
0.37
0.44
0.24
0.04 U
0.21
0.14
0.04 U
0.65
0.31
0.04 U
0.21
0.14 -
0.04 U
0.37
0.21
0.04 U
0.37
0.21
0.04 U
0.37
0.21
0.04
0.37
0.21
0.09
0.37
0 21
0.06
0.4
0.23
0.14
0.44
0.24
0 09
0.47
0.25
0.1
0 47
0.25
0.1
Chrorniutn.
Dissolved (uqR)
180
57
110
36
0.2 U
62
20
0.2 U
150
Copper, Dissolved
(ugR)
4.6
3.5
48 2.9
0.2 U
62
20
0.2 U
97
31
0.2 U
97
31 .-
0 2 U
97
31
0.2 U
97
31
0 1 7 - -
97
31
0.2 U
103
33
0.2 U
110
36
0.2
120
38 -.
0 2 U
120
38
0.2 U
2.7
2.1
0.4
1.4
1.2
0.5
3.7
0.4
1.4
1.2
1.1
2.3
1.9
0.4
2.3
1.9
0.4
2 3
1.9
0.6
2.3
19
0.6
2.3
1.9
1.8
2.5
2
3.9
2.7
2.1
1.3
2.8
2 2
1.2
2.8
2.2
1.4
TABLE 5.3-26
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND
WATER QUALIN CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK.
TRIBUTARIES. AND REFERENCE STREAMS (SEPTIOCT 1997)
h:\holden\draR final rirpt\S-5\Tables\5-3-26a.xls
7/23/99 Page 1 of 2 D,\rr~s & MOORE
Lead, Dissolved
(ugn)
14
0.54
7.2
0.28
0.2
3.3
0.13
0.2 U
11
0.42
0.2 U
3.3
0.13
0.2 U
6
0.24
0.2 U
6
0 24
0.5
6
0 24
0 2U
6
0.24
0 2
6
0.24
0.3
6.6
0.26
0.4
7.2
0.28
0.4
7.8
0.3
02U
7.8
0.3
0.2 U
Mercury,
Dissolved (ugR)'
2.4
0.012
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0 012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012 -
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
NIT-
2.4
0.012 -
N A
2 4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
Nickel, Dissolved
(ugN)
440
49
270
30
0.2
150
17
0.2
360
40 -
0 2
150
17
0.3
240
26 -
0.2
240
26
0.2
240
26
0.2-
240
26
0.2
240
26
0.2
250
28
0.3
270
30
0.4
280
32
0.4
280
32
0.4
Selenium, Total
(U&)
20
5
20
5
N A
20 :
5
N A
20
5
FIA
20
5
NA '
- --
20
5
NA
20
5
NA ,
20
S -
N A
20
5
NA '
20
5
N A
20
5
N A
20 I
5
NA
20
5
N A
20
5-
NA ,
4
Silver, Dissolved
(ua)
0.32
NE
0.12
NE
0 . r
0.036
NE
0.04 U
0.22
NE -
0.04 U
0.036
NE
0.04 U
Zinc, Dissolved
(ugn)
35
32
22
Xi
7
12
11
11
29
27 -
7
0.09
19
IJE - - 17 .
0.04 U
16
0.09
NE
0.04 U
0.09
NE -
0.04 U
0.09
NE -
0.04 U
0.09
NE
0.04 U
0.1
NE
0.04 U
0.12
NE
004U
0.13
NE
0.04 U
0.13
NE
0.04 U
12
11 -- .-
5
19
17
4 U
19
17
9
Hardness CaCO,
(rngN)
25
25
14
7
20
. 7
----A
12
.
12
12
19
17 -. - , 4 U
12
--
19
17
11
20
. - . -- 19 -
20
- -.
22
20
19
- . - - -
23
21
23
. -- - -- .- -. - .
23
21
23
-
12
- -- - -. -.
13
. - - -.
14
- - - . -. -
15
~
15

TABLE 5.3-26
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK, TRI'BUTARIES. AND REFERENCE STREAMS (SEPTIOCT 1997)
HOU>EN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Station No.
RAILROAD CREEK Icontlnued):
DOWNSTREAM OF
SITE
COPPER CREEK
h Vlolden\draR final rirptS-5\TablesS-3-26a.xk
7/23/99
Arsenic, Cadmium. Chromium, Copper, Dissolved Lead, Dissolved
Parameters
Dissolved (ugR) Dissolved (ugR) Dissolved (uqR) (uglL)
(ugk)
SWQ Criteria (Acute) I 360 I 0.82 I 180 I 4.6 I 14
I SWQ Criteria 1~hron1;l I 190 I 0.37 I 57 I 3.5 I 0.54
I I I I I I I
Holden Creek
-
Ten M~le Creek
RC6
RClO
RC-8
RC3
CC-1
CC-2
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
911 6197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
919 6/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Speciflc SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
911 6197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
911 6197
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
1014197
Speciiic SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
911 5/97
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critierla (Chronic)
911 5197
Spectfic SWQ Crlteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
1014197
Note+:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not deteded. Oeteclion limit is an estimated value
NA - Data Not Available
NE - Not Established
Evaluation of chronic criteria is based on total; acute criteria is based on dissolved.
360
190
N A
360
190
N A
360
190
N A
360
190
0 31
360
190-
0.5
360
190
N A
360
190
N A
360
190
0 14
0.54
0.28
0.12
0.65
0 31
0 12
0.65
0.31
0.72
0.65
0.31
0.1
0.3
0.19
0.05
0.34
0 2
004U '
0.34
0.2 -
0.04 U
1
0 42
0 04 U
130
42
0.2 U
150
48
0 2 U
150
48
0.2 U
150
48
0.2 U
83
27
O m
90
29 - .
0.2 U
90
29
0.2 U
210
66
0 2 U
3.2
2.5
1.6 ,
I
3 7
2.9
13
3.7
2.9
1.4
3.7
2.9 -
1.2
1.9
1.6
0 9
2.1
1.7
0 2
2.1
1.7
0.3
5 5
4 1
0 3
9
0.35
0.2 U
11
0 42
0 2
11
0.42
0.5
11
0.42
0.2
4.9
0.19
0.3
5.5
0.21
0.2 U
5.5
0.21
0.3
17
0 66
02U
Mercury.
Dissolved IugR)'
2.4
0.012
2 4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2 4
0 012
N A
Nickel, Dissolve
202
22
0.2 U
220
- 24
0.2 U
220
24
0.2 U
510
57
0 4
',"
0.066
8
NE
NT- 0.04 U
20
5
N A
20
-- 5
NA .
20
5 --
N A
0.07
NE -
0.04 U
TABLE 5.3-26
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK.
TRIBUTARIES, AND REFERENCE STREAMS (SEPTIOCT 1997)
Zinc. Dissolved ( Hardness CaCO, I
Page 2 of 2 Daaws & MOOHE
0.077
- NE
0.04 U
0 43
NE
0 04 U
16
15
6
18
16---
4 U
18
16 --
4 U
10
2-
11
.- -- -
11
41
38 - -- -L-
4 U
30
1

TABLE 5.3-27
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND WATER QUAUM CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES (MAY 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693605619
HOLDEN CREEK
BIG CREEK
RAILROAD CREEK:
UPSTREAM OF SITE
Station No.
. .
HC-1
Parameters
SWQ Criteria (Acute)
SWQ Criteria (Chronic)
- -
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
511198
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Arsenic,
Dissolved (ugR)
360
190
360
190
0.39
360
Cadmium,
Dissolved (uqR)
0.82
0.37
- -
0.47
0.25
0.MU
0.51
Chromium,
Dissolved (uqL)
180
57
116
38
0.2U
122
Copper,
Dissolved (u&)
4.6
3.5
2.8
2.2
0.6
Lead, Dissolved
(urn)
14
0.54
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190 0.27 40 2.4 0.33 0.012 33 5 NE 22 -
HC-2 4130198 0.45 0.05 0.2U 0.7 0.01 1 U N A 0.2 N A 0.04U 4U 16
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.47 116 2.8 7.8 2.4 284 20 0.13 23
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic] -
190 0.25 38 2.2 0.30 0.012 32 5 - -- NE 21
HC-3 4130198 0.61 0.04U 0.2U 0.6 0.01 1U N A 0.2U NA 0.04U 4U 15
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.34 90 2.1 5.5 2.4 219 20 0.08 18
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190 0.20 29 1 :7 0.21 0.01 2 24 5 NE 16
HC4 4130198 1 0.06 0.2U 0.5 0.01 1U N A 0.2U N A 0.04U 4U 11
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.58 135 3.4 9.6 2.4 330 20 0.18 27
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190 0.29 44 2.6 0.37 0.012
37 - 5 NE 24 -
BIG4 5/2/98 0.29 0.04U 0.2U 0.3 . 0.01 1 U N A 0.2U N A 0.04U 4U 18
TABLE 5.3-27
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND
WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND
TRIBUTARIES (MAY 1998)
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.20 60 1.3 3.1 2.4 144 20 0.03 12
RC-I I
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) - lgO -- 0.14 19
511198 0.73 0.04U 0.2U
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.30 83
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190 0.19 27
1.1
0.7
1.9
- 1.6
0.12
0.5J
4.9
0.19
-- 0.01 2 16 -- 5
N A 0.3 N A
2.4 202 20
0.012 _- 22 5
NE :-
-_
11
0.04L' 4U 6.7
0.07 16
NE -~ l5 -
RCS YJ198 0.54 0.08 0.2U 0.6 0.01 1U NA 0.2U NA 0.04U 4U 10
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute) 360 0.34 90 2.1 5.5 2.4 219 20 0.08 18
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic) 190 0.20 29 1.7 0.21 0.01 2 24 5 NE
3.0
RC4 5\3/98 0.53 0.MU 0.2U 0.8 0.01 1 U NA 0.2U NA 0.04U 4U 11
7.8
0.30
0.018
8.4
Mercury.
Dissolved (uglL).
2.4
0.012
2.4
0.012
NA
2.4
Nickel. Dissolved
(u~JL)
440
49
284
32
0.2U
300
Selenium. Total
(u@)
20
5
20
5
NA
20
Silver, Dissolved
(ud-1
0.32 '
NE
---
0.13
2.-
2 1
0.04U
0.15
Zinc, Dissolved
(ugR)"
35
32
23
4U
24
16
Hardness CaC03
ImalL1
25
25
15

TABLE 5.3-27
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND WATER QUALITY CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES (MAY 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
Station No.
RAILROAD CREEK (continued):
ADJACENT TO SITE
DOWNSTREAM OF
SITE
COPPER CREEK
RC4
RC-7
RC -2
RC-5A
RC-10
RC-3
CC-1
CC-2
, Parameters
SWQ Criteria (Acute)
SWQ Criteria (Chronic)
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
513198
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5/3/98
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5\3/98
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5/4/98
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5/4/98
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
515198
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
Specific SWQ Criteria (Acute)
Specific SWQ Critieria (Chronic)
5)U48
- Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
NA - Data Not Available
NE - Not Established
Evaluation of chronic criteria is based on total; acute criteria is based on dissolved.
TABLE 5.3-27
SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER MONITORING DATA AND
WATER a uAm CRITERIA FOR RAILROAD CREEK AND
TRIBUTARIES (MAY 1998)
h:\holden!draft final rirptS-5YTablesE-327a.xls
7R399 Page 2 of 2 D,\hr~s & hlclou~
- --
Arsenic.
Dissolved (ugA)
3 60
190
360
190
0.46
360
190
0.36
360
190
0.35
360
190
0.28
360
190
0.26
360
190
0.2
360
190
0.04U
360
190
0.04U
Cadmium,
Dissolved (uqRl
0.82
0.37
0.37
0.21
0.66
0.40
0.23
0.67
0.44
0.24
0.68
0.47
0.25
0.58
0.51
0.27
0.4
0.51
0.27
0.26
0.34
0.20
0.04U
0.37
0.21
0.04U
Chromium,
Dissolved (uqR)
180
. 57
97
31
0.2U
103
33
0.2U
110
36
0.2U
116
38
0.2U
122
40
0.2U
122
40
0.2U
90
29
0.2U
97
3' -
0.2U
Copper,
Dissolved luqR)
4.6 .
25 .
2.3
1.9
41.7
2.5
2.0
37.5
2.7
2.1
35.7
2.8
2.2
26.9
3.0
2.4
18.5
3.0
2.4 .
12.6
2.1
1.7
. 0.5
2.3
1.9
0.4
Lead, Dissolved
(uqn)
14
0.54
6.0
0.24
0.088
6.6
0.26
0.126
7.2
0.28
0.107
7.8
0.30
0.106
8.4
0.33
0.082
8.4
0.33
0.053
5.5
0.21 --
0.011U
6.0
0.24 -
0.01 1 U
Mercury,
Dissolved (uqlL)*
2.4
0.012
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012
NA
2.4
0.012
N A
2.4
0.012 __
N A
2.4
0.01 2
N A
2.4
0.01 2
N A
2.4
0.012
N A
Nickel, Dissolved
~ugR)
440
49
235
26 --
0.5
252
- 28
0.4
268
30
0.4
284
32 .
0.4
300
. 33
0.5
300
33
0.3
219
24 -
0.3
235
26 -
0.3
Selenium, Total
IUgR)
20
5
20
5 -
N A
20
5
N A
20
5
N A
20
5
NA
20
5
- NA
20
5 -
N A
20
5
N A
20
5
NA
Silver, Dissolved
(udLI .
0.32
NE
0.09
NE
0.04U
0.10
NE
0.04U
0.12
NE
0.04U
0.13
- NE
0.04U
0.15
NE
0.04U
0.15
NE
0.04U
0.08
NE -
0.04U
0.09
--- NE
0.04U
Zinc, Dissolved
(uqR)"
35
32
19
- l7 .
114
20
19
115
22
20
113
23
. 21
98
24
22
69
24
22 -
45
18
16
4U
19
17
4U
-
Hardness CaCO,
lmsR1
25
25
1
12
~
13
14
15
16
. -- -. . -
16
-- -. - - - -.
11
_ L--.
12

TABLE 5.1-28
SUMMARY OF RI WATER QUAUTI DATA FOR STATIONS IN RAILROAD CREEK ADJACENT TO SITE
HOLOEN MINE W S
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005019
Paramelem
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Bwyflium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molytdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selen~um
Silver
Sodium
Thall~wn
Uranium
Zinc
Qi-
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
MolqWenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Sihrer
Sodim
Thall~um
Uranium
Zmc
Sheam Discharge (cfs)
- Stalion No.
RC4A
SamplingOale
4116197
40
1 U
3
1 U
0.2
7.490
5U
12
60
1 U
770
3
RC4X
4116197
40
1U
4
1 U
0.3
7.470
5U
11
60
1 U
770
3
RC4Gnb
4/16/97
40
3
1U
0.2
7,410
5U
9
60
1 U
760
3
RC4 Stalion RC-7 Station
.
=I197 1
RC4
7110197 WlY97 5/3/90
RC4X
5/3/98
RC4 South Bank
5121197 7110197 9115197
RCdX
South
5121197 4/16/97 5120197
RC-7
7110197 9115197 5/3/98
100 160 50 170 50 1M) 190 100 220
~ *-- ~ - @ ~ ~ ~ j ~ < ~ - ~ ~ . F S ~ L :
hs-:-:abs&,@,
4.90 4.77 4.36 5.48 532 5.30 4.75 4.45 5.03 4 5.16 4.91 4.54 5 48
0MU 0.MU O.WU 0.MU 0.MU 0.MU 0.MU 0.MU 0.04U 1U 0MU 0.04U 0.MU 0MU
0.47 0.08U 0.07 0.735 075J 1.09 0.12U 0.12 1.08 04 0.51 0.10 0 10 075J
4.350 3.310 4.360 4370 4310 4.870 3.340 4.400 4.980 8.720 4.m 3.5% 4770 4670
02u 0.Zu 0.2~ 02u 02U 02U 02U 0 2U 02U 5u 0.2u 0 2U 0.2U 0 2U
32.4 4 4 2.3 56 7 58.6 79 6 8 4.9 77 15 33.7 3 9 2.1 52 8
90 170 90 140 100 90 180 100 90 2.290 650 530 1.280 590
0.7J 04UJ 0.5UJ 0.276 0.279 04J 0.3UJ 0 2UJ 04J 1U 0.2U 0.7UJ 0.2UJ 0 295
460 350 380 450 450 550 350 380 560 1.190 580 440 540 5M
3.58 4.34 2.75 8.22 7 53 6.08 4.83 3 51 5 86
944 7.91 10.8 11.8
Page 1 of 2
RC-ZA
4/17/97
1 M1
1U
6
1U
05
8.150
5U
14
2.250
1U
1.170
26
RC-2
5119197 5126197 612197 1 619197 U16/97
230
0.61
160 I%J
ZZ&=~ +T~=p.. -.-, .: . .
; &
551 508 511 487J 5
0MU O04U 0.04U O04U 02U
052 044 0.33 0255 G.2U
4.800 4.890 4.180 4.2605 3.330
OZU 02U 0.2U , 0.2U 5U
33.2 30.2 23.2 15.OJ 10
600 710J 51OJ 520J 440
1.4U 0.3 0.6 1.4J 1U
610 670 550 540J 410
11.6 11.6 982 806J , 9
IOU IOU IOU 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.5 06 0.4 0.3 0 6 1 OU 0 5 0.4 0 3 0.6 IOU 2.3J 0 5 0.6 0 45 IOU
660
1 U
660
1 U
880 YMU 5WU 5WU MOU MOU Sf33 %XU 500U 850 1.010 780 590 %XU 5WU 6-40 WOU
,~~;g;~;~~~-?;:;+;;i~&?.%7~y; q:g(z~~7Z~P~*4~4;?~-~- %*---
.
50U
0.33
40
0.49
100
0.35
40
0 50
60U
0 22
SOU
0 36
40
0 52
6 6 6 9.90 13.4 4 37 4.69 4.6 102 130 431 11.2 6 107 12.6 4 52 4.88 6 1065 182 311 202J i15 17.7 455 5.02 4 5 12.1J 14.2 4 56
1 U 1U 1U OWU 0.04U 004U 0.04U 0.MU OMU 0.MU 0.MU 0.04 1U 0.MU 0.MU OMU OWU 1U 004U OMU 0.MU 0.MU ,004U OMU 0.08U 004U OMU 004U OMU 0.04U
0.3 0.3 0 2 0.44 009 0.06 0.66 0.67 1.10 0.11 0.14 1.14 0.5 0.58 0 09 0 09 067 0.4 053 045 032 0.23J ,014 008 010 068 011 0.55 009 010
7.760 7.550 7.470 4.540 3.260 4.390 4250 '4240 5,110 3.230 4.420 5.050 8.880 4.740 3.54p 4.720 4520 8.320 4.9OU 4.800 4.260 4.2005 .3.280 3.560 4.940 4680 5.120 4.970 3.420 5.020
SU 5U 5U 0.2U OZU 0.2U 0.2U 0.2U 0.2U 0.2U 02U 0.2 SU 0 2U 0.2U 0.2U 02U SU 0.4 02U 02U 0.2U '5U 02U 02U 02U 02 02U 02U 02U
11 11 9 26.4 3.4 1.8 41.7 41 9 58.5 5 3 3.9 59.8 3 23 0 2 6 13 37 5 2 236 191 15.1 10 3J 8 2 3 1.2 35.7 1.3 26 2.6 14
40 30 M 20 20U 40 20U MU 20 20U 40 20U 1.680 480 330 1.lM 380 1,430 300 4&0J 360J 380J 220 270 1.080 350 1.160 420 280 1.150
1 U 1 U 1U 0.65 04J 0.3 0088 0 085 0.6J 0 2UJ 0.4 0.2 1 U 0.5J 0 5J 0.4 0 126 1U 14U 07U 1.4U 0.4J 04U 0.2UJ O2U 0.107 0.3 06U 02J 02U
810 790 790 470 303 370 . 420 420 560 290 390 550 1.250 590 380 530 510 1.190 630 640 530 490J 350
370 570 550 590 650 380 580
4 3 4
27
26
552 11.1 9 9 11.4 117
x.-7-=.: *,w.?- --

TABLE 5.3-28
SUMMARY OF RI WATER QUALITY DATA FOR STATIONS IN RAILROAD CREEK ADJACENT TO SITE
HOLDEN MINE R~IFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
~t~
J Estunated value
U - Parameter was analyzed for but not detecled above the repomng h ~ shown t
UJ - Paramelei was analyzed for but not detected Delecllon lrmil a an estrmated value
R - Dala 1s releded due to quallty mntrd concerns
An 'X' afler the sample ID rnd~cates lteld dupl~cate
-- lndlcates no discharge data available or replicate analyss
~nd~cates the concentrat~on of analyte was not establtshed therefore not reported nor analyzed
r&--e+@'c
TABLE 5.3-28
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Stations in Railroad Creek Adjacent to Site
RC-4 Station RC-7 Station
RC-2 Station
Parameters
Station No.
RC4 RC4X RC-4Grab RC-4 RC4X RC-4 South Bank
RC4X
South RC-7 RC-2A R C ~ RC-2 RC-2X RC-2 South Bank
Total Petroleum H p
Gasol,ne Range wdraarbons
SamplingDale 4116197 4116147 4116197 MI197 7110197 9115197 5/3/98 5/3/98 5/21/97 7110197 9115197 5/21/97 4116197 5/20197 7110197 9115197 5/3/98 4117197 5119197 5126197 6/2/97 614197 M16197 7110197 9115197 51-8 9115197 5/19/97 7,10197 9115197
Motor Oil 0 u 0 mu 0.5~ 0.50 0 2 5 ~ 0 ~ MU 0 mu
ArOdW 1016
Aroclor 122 1
Ardor 1232
Ardor 1242
ArOClCf 1248
AroclCf 1254
Ardor 1260
Bi~h-
C m
~ ~ ~ (,gR) p ~ ~ ~ h o ~ ~ ~
post Chlainallon Cyanide
Total Cyanide (mglL)
Total Dissolved Sol~ds (mgR) 33 44 40 19 9.0J 395 24 27 24 24J 23 47 26 13J 20J 23 43 22 30J 17J 29 8 0
Total Phosphorou~ (m*)
Total Suspended Sollds (mgR)
Chloride (mgL)
NO2 8 NO3 (ma)
Sulfate (mgR)
Silicales (mg/L)
Alkalmity ( ma CaCO,)
Amenable Cyanide (mg~)
Color (Pt-CO)
Hardness. Dissolved (mglL)
Eie-
PH
SpecCi Conductivity ()IS)
Temperalure ('C)
Redox (mV)
Iron (icn)
Turbldlty (NTU)
DissolvedOxygen (mgR)
Page 2 012
r.-.=3"pz.
O.GU9.J OKMUJ OOMUJ
..........
. -.- .*;2
+, . .; .-
0.004U 0 WUJ Fy+;gq
$c?y,'-7-&iI;! 0 OMUJ
0 0.004UJ LCL+%,[2:i.:$ 0.004UJ
12J 26J 23 4UJ
sy-:=y-w
0016 0.016U -;.:$; ::.'$$ 0 016U
OWU 0.013J OWUJ
0 GU4U O.GU4U 0 W UJ
OWU 0.WU OWUJ
25 90J 40J
0 037 0 018 0.0tM~
1.OU 1.OU 1.OU 1.lU 1.7 1.lU 1.8 1.8 1.1U 1.6 1.lU 1.lU 6.3 1.1 18 3 8 1.7 67 22U I IUJ I OUJ 1.1U 36 16 3 6 3.1 3 3 1.5 1.4 3 3
[;.-z,y'J': 2.
1.OU $,r;.:.&r :; 1.OU 10 1 OU IOU
,. .
0.041 5iX
.
5 ~~~~ ,, 002 0.14 0064 0021
,
6 5 5 7 5.9 7.0 2.5U 4.0 3 3.4 4.1 2.5U 3 8 5 6 16 4 6 2.5U 6.4 4.8 ;?.?;:.: 16 :: 8.3 8 6 6.7 67 2.5U 25U 6.9 6 2 7.4 7.1 2.5U 69
.
. . . . . . . .
.:..
20 20 20 15 9 0 9.9 9.3 9.3 11 8 6 11 14 13 8.1 7.8 7 7 8 1 13 9.6 8 8 8.4 8 2 7 5 8.3 7.5 8.4 6 5 7.7 6 9 8 4
'--=--'---- w ST-,-- ,---r*-m,. ms, p=p---
0004U +.~~225~~>~2672~2;+~$;~i1zg-I
0 mu 0 WuR om4u 0 mu oOo4uR
6 ";i." :A'--"..,p-2 ;?'?, .: .?
15 . ::,- ~< . ,S??~~~2.~e%?&$~
. ...........
. -:. +3i?.~7s-G%
;.L. ....... :; :_L;I . .:F;_~.I-':+:~I,F. 5UJ 1 t5J 8 5UJ . 155
23 22 22 13 9.4 12 - 12 12 15 9.3 13 15 27 14 10 14 13 26 15 I5 13 12 : 9.6 10 15 14 15 15 10 15
5.5 5 7 5.7 7.1 7.7 6.7 7.6 7 1 7.6 7 6 5 6 2 6 7 7 4 6 9 6 6 8 5 7 7.7 6.2
67 65 85 42 26 32 24 42 28 42 30 103 38 51 46 34 27 27 76
4.2 3.9 6 4.4 9.8 10 6 4 8.7 9 7 8 i 5 7 4 2 6 8 7.9 11.3 9.5 10 4.6
4 1
14.1 1448 s.
7

TABLE 6.529
SUMMARY OF RI WATER QUALIN DATA FOR STATIONS IN RAILROAD CREEK DOWNSTREAM OF SITE
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17693905-019
h:\hoMen\drafl final rirpl\S-5\tables\5-3-29a.rls
i127199
TABLE 5.529
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Stations in Railroad Creek Downstream of Site
DAMES 8 MOORE

TABLE 5.529
SUMMARY OF RI WATER QUALITY DATA FOR STATIONS IN RAILROAD CREEK DOWNSTREAM OF SITE
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Post Chlorination Cyanide (mgR)
Total Cyanide (mgk)
Total Dissolved Solids (mgll)
Total Phosphorous (ma)
Total Suspended Solids (mgk)
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting lima shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
X - aRer the sample ID is an indication of field duplicate.
Stations RCSA collected In April 1997 and RC5 collected on 5/20/97 are in d~fferent locations in the RC-5 sample area All other RC-5A and RC-5 samples were collected at the same location.
%$&@jdftrfl . . .,
indicates the concentrat~on of anawe was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
, . . . . . . . . . ...
-- indicates no discharge data available or replicate analysis.
' Sample locat~on was upstream of location sampled Sf20197 and 5R2R7. The "A" anached to sample ID indicates it was the first sample of of a triplicate sample set collected on 4/17/97.
* Sample location was upstream of location sampled 5/22/97 and downstream of sample collected on 4/17/97.
' Final location for RC-5. Samples collected from 5/22/97 and f0~rd were collected at the same location in Ra~lroad Creek
h VloldenWraR final rirpt\S-5Uables\5-3-29a.ds
7/27\99
TABLE 5.529
Summary of RI Water Quality Data for Stations in Railroad Creek Downstream of Site

TABLE 5.340
SUMMARY OF RI PORTAL DRAINAGE WATER QUALITY DATA
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES IL MOORE JOB NO. 17695005419
12 1 13
444 287
0.00313 0.00024J
0.4 5U
025 1U
23.0J 20
0.34 1U
81.2 22
Manganese 420 299
3.790 2.810 15600
1,360 40U 8960
0.3 5U ' 5U
5,780 907 28 4790
0.00257 0.00038J
0.05 5U
3.160 4.420
0 04U 0.2U
5,800 13,000 2
0.29 1U
3.95 20U
33 28J
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting llrnlt shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection l~rn~t is an estlrnated value.
............................................................
.... ".
.,,,.,,.,,.,..~~~;~~~@~
:.:.:.:.:. .. . . ind~cates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed
Page 1 of 2

TABLE 5.3-30
SUMMARY OF RI PORTAL DRAINAOE WATER QUALITY DATA
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES h MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
for but not detected. Detect~on limlt is an est~mated value
dtcates the concentratton of analyte was not established. therefore not reported nor analyzed
Page 2 of 2

TABLE 5.3-3Oa
SUMMARY OF RI WATER QUALITY DATA FOR VENTILATOR PORTAL
HOLDEN MINE RllFS ,
DAMES 6 MOORE Job NO. 17693-005-019
Parameters
F
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
lron
Lead
Lead, low level
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
-
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
lron
Lead
Lead, low level
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc'
ConventionalAnelvses
Alkalinity (mglL CaCO,)
Hardness. Dissolved (mglL)
Sulfate (mglL)
Total Dissolved Solids (mg1L)
Total Suspended Solids (mglL)
Dissolved Oxygen (mgIL)
StaUon No.
Sampllng Date
Specific Conductivity (US)
Temperature (C) 4.4
346
Data Notes.
J - Esumated Value
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detened above the repor(ing lim~t Shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. C-atenion llrnit shown is an es(lrnated value.
X - aRer the sample ID is an indlca(l0n of field dWllC9te
Grey Shading ~ndlcales the conwnVanon of analyte was not establlshed, therefore not reporled or analyzed
(w) -Indicates value IS based on Wnkler T~trauon.
H:\holden\drafl final ntptS-SUablesS-3-3Oa.xls
7R7tB9
Dames 6 Moore

TABLE 5.W1
SUMMPRY OF HISTORICAL WATER QUAUTY DATA FOR PORTAL DWlNME (1982-1996)
HOJDENMINERUFS
D m 6 #IOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Data Notrs:
J - Estimated value.
NR - Not Reported
TR- Trace amount of sample reported.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ -Parameter was analyred for. but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
. . .:-:;:.??.~~~@.<
. . . . ..,......... ....... indicates the concenbabon of analfie was not established. therefore not reported and analyzed.
1982-1383 Water Qual~datawas sampled for P-1 station only.
Data Source:
(a) Walters. et al 1992. Holden Mine Reclamation Ropcf Final Repa? Pactfic Northwest Laboatwies.Richland, WA (Data collected by Snyder 1982 - 1983). .
(b) Walten, et al. 1992. Holden Mine Reclamation Project FinalReport. Pac~lc Northwest Laboratories.Richland. WA. (Data collected in 1991).
(c)Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample localdy maps Itr stream-ssdiment, heavy-minerakoncenfJate. mill tailing. bvafw, andpecip#ate sampbs collecled .
in and around the &/den mine, Chelan Counly. WashingtM USGS Open File Repon 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6808 D~skene version (Data Collected in 1994)
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1996. Charactffizalion of acid mine dramage at the Hokfen mine. Chekn. Washington. USGS Open F~le Reprt 96-531. (Data collected tn 1995)
(e) Kilburn. J.E 8 S J Sutley. 1997. Ana@aIresulLr and comparative ovwview of geahemical sfdies Cmducfed at the Hddm Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open Fie Report 97-128 (Data collected m Spring 1996).
(9 Kilburn. J.E. 8 SJ Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report anached. data cdlected in Fall 1996).
(g) Johnson. A, el a!. 1997. E k & olHolden Mine on the Water. Sechments and Benthic hwste&ales dRarlroad Cfeek (Lake Chetan).
Environmental in~estigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No VJA-47-1020 Publication No 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 1 of 2
TABLE 5.341
SUMMARY OF HISTORIW WATER QUALITY DATA FOR PORTAL DRAINAGE (1982-1996)

h:\holdenWratl final rirpW-5\Tables\5S3l.M~
7r27m
TABLE 5.341
SUMWIRY OF HISTORICAL WATER Q
HOLDENNPNERMS
U W DATA FOR PORTPA DRAINAGE (19824996)
DA#IES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17691405419
Data-
J - Estimated value.
NR - Not Reported
TR- Trace amounl of sampk reported.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, bul not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detecfion limit is an estimated value.
:

TABLE 5.592
SUMMARY OF RI WATER QUALITY DATA FOR COPPER CREEK DIVERSION
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 1169JQ05919
Aluminum
Afsenic
Parameters
Total Metals. lualL)
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thall~um
Uranium
Zinc 5
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value
NA - Data Not Available
.......... *' 'X ............

TABLE 5.333
SUMMARY OF HISTORICAL COPPER CREEK DIVERSION DATA (1994 8 1996)
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Parameters
Dissolved Metals, luaRl
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
NO2 8 NO3 (mg/L)
Data Notes:
......... U -Parameter
.......,
was analyzed for but not detected for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
. ....
?.-4$:{$hbilfri&$
., ................... indicates the concentration of analyte indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported n
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locality maps for stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate, mill tailing, water,
and precipitate samples collected in and amund the HoMen mine, Chelan County, Washington.
USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 946808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Analytrcal results and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mine,
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
h:\holden\drafl final rirpt\S-5\Tables53-33.xls
7/23/99
..............
4chc346
7/94.
6 U
2 U
5.8
1 U
1 U
6000 U
1 U
0.59
100 U
0.2 U
320
0.9 U
659
5196~
20 U
4 u
5.7
0.4 U
0.7 U
3400
0.5 U
5.6
57
0.3
1000 U
3 U
:

TABLE 5.3-35
TABLE 5.355
SUMMARY OF HISTORICAL COPPER
SUMMARY OF HISTORICAL COPPER CREEK ANALYTICAL DATA (1982-1996)
HOLDEN MINE RMS
CREEK ANALYTICAL DATA (1982-1996)
DAMES (L MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
-
Sample Location
Parametem
Sample No.
Sample Date 5112182 6/9/82 6/22/82 7/14/82 8125182
USFS WATER QUAUM DATAa
9128182 611183
Copper Creek 1 (CC-1)
6122183 7H9183 8HW83 8131183 9/27/83
WEb
7R4
514 '
7145
620
5/98
730
9146
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
29 U
6.6
Calcium
Chmmium
copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
5 U
60
10 U
' IOU
10 U
50U
10 U
10
10 U
10 U
10 U
10 U
10 U
10 U
10 U
10 U
10 U
10 U 10 U
10 U
10 U
10 U
Wenium
-
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
Aluminum
Anenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
450
10 U 10 U 10 U 5 U
2 U
4.5
1u
1 U
0.59
.
10 U
1 U
4.7
0.3 U
1 U
5.300
0.9 U
2 U
MU
2W
4 U
5.6
' 0.4 U
0.7 U
4.200
20 U
2 U
sou
13 .
10
3 .,?.... :5.w?
-
6.5
10 U
10 U
6.W
10 U
10 U
140
Imn
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
0.9 U
0.3 U
4M)
0.4
0.2
1mu
SOU
1 m U
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
4W
0.1 U
0.1 U
2
0.3
Tc:Fp+?x-
.~~.~4:p:FL~,z:~;
0.1 U
780
0.6 U
0.1 u
3 U
0.5
1 U
700
o,2
lOWU
4 u
0.4 U
0.8 U
20 U
0.01 U
1000 u
s;.;z:~$-,~&T:
72.

h.VloldenUrafi final rirpt\S5ATablesS3-35.dS
7lX-O
TABLE 5.345
SUMMARY OF HISTORCAL COPPER CREEK ANALYTICAL DATA (1982-1996)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17691405419
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporbng 11mt shown
Aaordrng to the report. the samples were labeled as 'CC-1'
However It was wm5rmed wth Deparrment of Ecology that the sanples were actually m e closely related to the Copper Creek 2 stallon
mdrcates me mr.centrabon ol anatyte was not established, therefore not rewed nor analyzed
(a) Andenon. Keith A. 1992. Pfetim'nafy Assessmenlollhe HOW Mine Site.' USFS Chebn Ranger ~ist& (Dab3 collected 1982-1983).
(b) Kilbum. eta]. 1994. Geochemical data and Sample loca~fy maw forsbeamsediment heavy4nera-ntratete mill taifing. water, andw'pirale samples collecfed
in andamund the Holden mine. Chelan Cw*. Washington. USGS Open File Repm 94680A Paper Version. 946808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(c) Kilbum. J.E. d S.J. SuUey. 1996. Characterkation d acidmine drainage at me Holden mine. Chelan. whhiirgton. USGS Open File Repm 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(d) Kilbum. J.E. 6 S.J. SuUey. 1997. Analyfjcal resulk and comparabve overview of geochemical sYudes c~.,&~~red a1 lhe Holden Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data wUected in Spring 1996).
(e) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. SuUey. 1997. Preliminary data (no report altached. data wllected in Fan 1996).
(f) Johnson. A, el a. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine M me Water. Sediments and Benfhic Im~tebrates of Railmad Creek (lake ChelanJ.
Emironmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collecled in Spling and Fall 1996).
TABLE 5.1-15
SUMMARY OF HISTORICAL COPPER
CREEK ANALYTlCAL DATA (1982-1996)

TABLE 5.358
SUMMARY OF WATER QUALITY DATA FOR HOLDEN CREEK
HOLDEN MINE RIIFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693905019
Station No. Hold
I
I Panmeten I Cnmnlinn -" ...r....m n--.- r t e k .OI4197
I
I 511198 4130198 4130188 4130198 1994
I I I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
lron ,
len Creek I HC-1 HC-2 I HC.3 I HC-4 I 355 la'
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Polassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
. .. - 1 . 880 ............. 880 1 640 .-.-._I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
~ery~~ium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
lron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potass~um
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc 6 I 4U
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not delected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
R - Data is rejected due to qualiy control concerns.
~~r(iYw[i&li~g~~~, indicates the concentration of analyle was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed
(a) Kilbum, el al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample 1ocality.maps tor stream-sediment, heavy-mineml-mncentrale. mill failing, water,
and precipitate samples collected in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County, Washington.
USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskene version (Data Collected in 1994).
h:\holden\drafl final rirpl\S-5\tables\l+36.xls
7126199 DAMES 8 MOORE

I
I.
TABLE 5.3-36
SUMMARY OF WATER QUALITY DATA FOR HOLDEN CREEK
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005419
Sratlon No. Holden Creek
Parameters
Sampllng Date 1014197
HC-1
5H198
HC-2
430198
HC-3
430198
HC-4
430198
355 "I
1994
Gasoline Range Hydrocarbons
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons
Motor Oil
Aroclor 1016
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1232
Aroclor 1242
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
v
OrthbPhosphorous (mglL)
Post Chlorination cyanide (mglL)
Total Cyanide (mg/L)
Total Dissolved Solids (mg5)
Total Phosphorous (mg/L)
Total Suspended Solids (mg1L)
Chloride (mglL)
NO2 d NOl (mg/L)
Sunale (mglL)
Silicates (mg/L)
1.1U
Alkallnky (mglL CaCOl)
Amenable Cyanide (mg/L)
Color (Pi-CO)
9.9 14 13 13
Hardness, Dissolved (mglL) 10 15 16 15 11
PH 6.3 6.9 6.2 8.3 8.1
Specific Conductivity (pS)
Temperature ('C)
Redox (mV)
Iron (ion)
Turbidily (NTU)
25 33 10 8 0
Dissolved Oxygen (mg1L) 16.3 t 16.5 15.8 17.2
rlammm
J - Estlmated value
U - Parameler was analyzed for but not detected above the reporting llmlt shown
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected Detect~on ltm~t IS an estlmaled value
R - Dala 1s rejected due to quallty COnlrOl Wncems
!q$r:~ivy,kts+~nd .'; lndlcates the wncenbatlon of analyte was not eslabl~shed therefore not reported nor analyzed
(a) Kilbum, el al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locality maps for stream-sediment, heavy-m~neral-concentraIe, mill tailing. water.
and precipitale Samples collected in and around the Holden mme. Chelan County, Washington.
USGS Open File Report .94-680A Paper Version. 94-6800 Diskene version (Data Collected in 1994).
h:\holden\drafl final rirpt\S-5Uables\5-3-36.xls
7126199
d

n.\holden\draR Rnal r1rpt\S-5\tabIes\5-3-37a,xIs
7/23/99
TABLE 5.3-37
Summary of Water Quality Data for Big Creek
Holden Mine RlFS
Dames 8 Moore Job No. 17693405419
Parameters
Total Metals lualL)
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Lead, low level
Magnesium
Manganese
Moly bdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
Dissolved Metals (ualL1
Aluminum
Arsenic
aarium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Lead, low level
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
Conventional Analyses
Alkalinity (mglL CaC03)
Hardness, Dissolved (mglL)
Sulfate (mglL)
Total Dissolved Solids (mglL)
Total Suspended Solids (mglL)
Fleld Measurements
Dissolved Oxygen (mglL)
PH
Specific Conductivity (US)
Temperature (C)
Station NO.
Sampling Date
BIG-1
512198
30U
0.33
7.09
0.04U
0.04U
7,050
0.2U
0.5U
20U
0.2U'
0.01 1 U
360
0.73
0.35
0.2U
500U
0.04U
660
4U
30
0.29
6.51
0.04U
0.04U
6.730
0.2U
0.3
MU
0.2U
0.01 1 U
350
0.29U
0.33
0.2U
50OU
0.04U
640
4U
16
18
2.6
22
1 U
5.8
55
5.3
Data Notes
J - Estimated Value
U - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected abow the reporl~ng l~m~t shown
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected Detection llmll shown IS an estimated value
X - after the sample ID 16 an lndlcat~on of Reld duplicate
Grey Shadlng lndlcates the concentration of analyte was not established therefore not reported or analyzed
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.348 ,
SUMMARY OF WATER QUALITY DATA FOR TENMILE CREEK
HOLDEN MINE RIPS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
Total Metals. (ualLJ
Parameter
Aluminum
Arsentc
Bar~um
Beryll~um
Cadrnlum
Calctum
Chromlum
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesrum
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nlckel
Potass~um
S~lver
Sod~um
Thallium
Uranlurn
Z~nc
Dissolved Metals. (ua1I.J
Alumlnum
Arsenlc
Bar~urn
Betyll~um
Cadrnlum
Calc~um
Chromtum
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magneslurn
Manganese
Molybdenum
N~ckel
Potasslum
S~lwr
Sodtum
Thallium
uran~um
Zlnc
Conventional Analvses:
Post Chlor~nat~on Cyan~de (mglL)
Total Cyanlde (mglL)
Total Dissolved Sollds (mglL)
Total Suspended Sollds (mglL)
Chlorlde (mglL)
NO2 a NO, (mgL)
Sulfate (mg1L)
Alkallnlly (mgR CaC03)
Amenable Cyan~de (mglL)
Hardness Dissolved (rngR)
Field Measurements:
pH
Specific COnd~Ct~ty ($3)
Temperature YC)
Stabon No.
Sampling Date
Ten Mile Creek
911 9/97
30
0 14
6 17
0 04U
0 04U
10 200
0 2U
0 4
ZOU
0 2UJ
760
0 31
0 69
0 3
500U
0 04U
740
0 04U
0 06
4U
20U
0 14
6 42
0 04U
0 04U
10 600
0 2U
0 3
20U
0 2U
7 90
0 14U
0 70
0 4
500U
0 04U
790
0 04U
0 06
4U
0 004UJ
0 004UJ
44J
11U
1 OU
0 01 1
9 4
25
0 004UJ
30
7 2
75
7 6
Data Notes;
J - Estimated Value.
U -Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting llmlt shown.
UJ - Parameterwas analyzed for but not detected. Detection limit IS an estimated value.
Sampling location was above the confluence with Railroad Creek and upstream of the road
h:\holden\drafl final r1rpt\S-5\TablesS-3-3Ba.xIs
7/23/99
Page 1 of 1

TABLE 5.4-1
SUMMARY OF RI GROUNDWATER QUALITY DATA
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005419
Parameters
Amclor 1242
Total Suspended Solids (mgk)
Data Nates:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected a h the repolting limit sh&.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
R - Data is rejected due to quality control concerns.
X - Pattern profile daes not match typical chromatographic profile.
Sample A-1 was collected from an additional portal located on site. The location of sample 'Luceme' is Luceme.
'X after the sample ID is an indication of field duplicate.
TF'1-2L metals analysis from sample collected 9/20197 are actually total metals.
" TPWL and TP3-6BL are collected at the same location.
1 -Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) Method A. Todcs Cleanup Program. amended 1/96 (Chapter 173-340 WAC)
2 - Model Toxics Control Act Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CIARCII). 2/96. Method 8
3 - MCLs (Maximum Contaminant Levels). Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories, Office of Water. US EPA. 10196
...............iw
4 -Secondary MCLs (Maximum Contaminant Levels), Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories. Office of Water. US EPA. 1W6
, . . . .&-&$;:i:T '
s~zj > , .; . *:s Indicates the concentration of analyle was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
H:Wolden\Draft final ri rpt\S_S\TabIesW-1
.ds
7R8199 Papc 1 of 3
TABLE 5.4-1
SUMMARY OF RI GROUNDWATER QUALITY DATA

TABLE 5.4-1
SUMMARY OF RI GROUNDWATER QUALITY DATA
HOLOEN MINE RUFS
DAMES (L MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005019
Parameters
Dissolved M&Is
Aluminum
. Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury .,
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
. Selenium
. . Silver
Sodium
Thallium
. . Uranium
Sample lC
Total Petmleum Hvdrocarbon. ImaR
Diesel Range Hydmcarbons
Gasoline Range Hydrocarbons
Pohehlorinated BIDhenyls
Aroclor 101 6
Aroclor im
.... Amclor 1232
'?mclor 1242
';oclor 1246
ioclor 1254
I
Conventional Ana
Ortho-Phosphorous lrngnl ...
Post Chlorination Cyanide (mgA)
Total Cyanide (mg/L)
Total Dissolved Solids (mg~)
Total Suspended Solids (mgA)
Chloride (mgA)
NO7 8 N4 (mgA)
Sulfate (ma)
Alkalinity (mgA CaCOi)
Amenable Cyanide (mg/L)
Color (P1-M)
Field Measurements
MTCA'
Method A
MTCA '
Method B
NE
0.0583 .
NE
0 . m
8
NE
16,000 (Cr '9
592
NE
NE
NE
747
4.8
8 0
3M
NE
80
80
NE
1.12 '
48
4.800
NE
NE
NE
0.0114
0.0114
0.0114
0.0114
0.01 14
0.0114
0.0114
50 t0.200'
50
2.m
4
5
NE
1M)
1.35'
3W
15
NE,
50. .
2
NE
100
Conduw (Omhdcm or LSlcm)
Temperature CC)
Redox (mV)
Iron 001-1)
Turbidity (NIWJ
Dissolved Oxygen (ma)
Data Notes: .
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detecfion limit is an estimated value.
R - Data is rejected due to quality control concerns.
X - Pattern profile does not match typical chromatographic profile. 'X after the sample ID is an indication of field duplicate
Sample A-1 was collected from an additional portal located on site. The location of sample 'Lucerne' is Lucerne.
TPl-2L metals analysis from sample collected 9/20/97 are actually total metals.
" TP3-6L and TP3-6BL are collected at the same location.
:K:e.G.w$sj
..... ....................................
..................... . -; indicates the concentration of analyte was not established. therefore not reported nor analyzed.
H:\Holden\Draft final ri rphS_5\TablesS-d-1.d~
7RW39 Page 2 of 3
Tailings Pile 1 (TP-1) ' Tailings Pile 2 (TP-2)
TABLE 5.4-1
SUMMARY OF RI GROUNDWATER QUALITY DATA

TABLE 5.4-1
SUMMARY OF Rl GROUNDWATER QUALITY DATA
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17695005419
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
R - Data is rejected due to quality control concerns.
X - Pattern profile does not match typical chromatographic profile. 'X after the sample ID is an indication of field duplicate
Sample A-1 was collected from an additional portal located on site. The location of sample 'Lucerne' is Lucerne
TPl-2L metals analysis from sample collected 9R0197 are actually total metals.
" TP3-6L and TP3-66L are collected at the same location.
. ., ., . ~ ~ j $ indicates & ~ the concentration ~ ~ ~ of analyte $ was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed
H:Uiolden\Draft final ri rphsrphs5\TablesW-1.ds
7n8199
TABLE 5.4-1
SUMMARY OF RI GROUNDWATER QUALITY DATA

TABLE 5.4-2
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER QUAUN DATA
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DANES.& MOORE JOB NO. 17893-cOC01B
Page 1 01 6
TABLE 5.4-2
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER QUAUTY DATA

TABLE 5.4-2
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER QUALITY
TABLE
OATA
5.4-2
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER QUALITY OATA
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 1789340!3419
-
pata note.'.
J - Estimated vab U - Parameter was amlyzed 1u. bul nol detected a h lhe repdn4 Lmit Show
UJ - hamem was maryzd for. bin not deleclad. Daacbon tmi( is an es(lm8ted vaw.
~n 'r fo(a(m me idennficaUm indoles lieId bolcale.
I

TABLE LM
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER QUAUW DATA
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES a MOORE JOE NO. 1769MoMI9
TABLE 5.4-2
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER QUAIIW DATA

TABLE 5.4-2
SUMMARY OF R1 SEEPAGE WATER QUAUTY DATA
HOLDEN MINE RMS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 1703-005-019
me& Range WocarbDm
R s n g e W
Page 4 of 6
TABLE 5.4-2
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER OUAUrY DATA

TABLE 5.4-2
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER QUAUTY DATA
HOLDEN MIME RYFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 176934Wl9
Page 5 01 6
TABLE 5.4-2
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER QUAUTY DATA

TABLE 5.4-2
SUMHAW OF RI SEEPAGE WATER QUALITY DATA
HOLDEN MINE W S
DAMES 6 VWRE JOB NO. 17633-00Y)IS
U - Parameter wsr anstyzed la. but ral d*ected sbvve 0-e rcpoldng Imt sham
UJ . Paramew was anmtfzed la. t!U mt de- Deledon Im( IS an cslrmaled MM
Page 6 01 6
TABLE 5.4-2
SUMMARY OF RI SEEPAGE WATER OUWOATA

TABLE 5.43
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER WELL RESULTS (1991-1996)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005419
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
NE - Not Established
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
1 - Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) Method A. Toxics Cleanup program. amended 1196 (Chapter 173-340 WAC)
2 - Model Toxics Control Act Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CLARCII), 2/96, Method B
3 - MCLs (Maximum Contaminant Levels). Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories. Office of Water. US EPA. 10196
4 - Secondary MCLs (Maa'mum Contaminant Levels). Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories. Office of Water. US EPA. 10196
.:.~~l....""....,..iiiI .I. .I. :.... .
$ji~i&$$&&& indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
Data Sources:
(a) Walters, et al. 1992. Holden Mine Reclamation PIopdFinal Report Pacific Nocthwest Laboratories.Richland. WA. (Data collected in 1991).
@) Lambeth, R.H. 1995. Transmittal of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden Mine site by the US Bureau of Mines. (Data collected in 1994).
H:Wolden\DraR final ri rpt\S-S\Tables\5-4-3a.xls
7/26/99
Page 1 of 2
TABLE 5.43
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER WELL RESULTS (1991 -1996)

TABLE 5.43
HlSTORlCAL SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER WELL RESULTS (1991 -1 996)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Location
MTCA'
Parameters Sample ID Method A
r r
Samdina Date
1.
- p~ p-
Dissolved Metals lu9nl
Aluminum
I 16,
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Cobalt
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Stticate
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
Conventional Analvses:
Chloride (mgR)
Fluoride (mgR)
Hardness (mgL)
NO2 8 NO, (mgR)
MTCA '
p,qethod B
I
8
NE
NE
16.000 (Cr .3
592
NE
NE
NE
747
4.8
80
320
. NE
80
80
NE
NE
1.12
48
4.800
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
NE - Not Established
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
1 - Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) Method A. Toxics Cleanup Program. amended 1196 (Chapter 173340 WAC)
2 - Model Toxics Control Act Cleanup Levels and Risk Calculation (CLARCII). 2/96, Method B
3 - MCLs (Maximum Contaminant Levels). Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories. Office of Water. US EPA. 10196
4 - Secondary MCLs (Mawimum contaminant Levels). Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories. Office of Water. US EPA. 10196
; .;. ;i.+.;.i.!. . ,,.-... :.:.:,:;..55
i.:(.:.:..-. i : . ~ . _, f . ; . . w. . . .% s indicates : the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not repolted nor analyzed.
__ _ . _ . . ._
~ ~ MCL.~ d TP2-01L-01 ~ ~ I TP244A-01 ~ , I TPZ-02L-01 I TP248A-01 I TP2-1OL-01 I TP2-1lA-01 ( TP2-llL-01
7195~ 1 7/9!ib 1 7195~ 1 7195~ 1 7195~ / 7195~ 1 7/9sb
50t02004 I lmu I 100u I 16.000'~lOOU I
Data Sources: - ..
(a) Walters. et al. 1992. Hqkden Mine RerIambbn P-t Final Report Pacific Northwest Laboratories,Richland jWA. (Data collected in 1991):' !'
@) Lambeth. R.H. 1995. Transmittal of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden Mine site by the US Bureau of Mines. (Data collected in 1994).
H:Wdden\Draft final ri rptS-5\Tables~3a.xls
7/26/99 - Page 2 of 2
TPd
laau I lrm I lmu I loou 1. loou I loou I 600
TABLE 5.43
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF GROUNDWATER WELL RESULTS (1991 -1 996)
I
TP201L-02 1' TPZJMA-02 1 TP207A-02 1 TP2-08A-02 I TP2-10L-02 I TP2-11A-02 HBKG-4-01 HBKG-1-02
7195~ 1 7195~ 1 7/9sb 1 7195~ 1 719sb
I 7700
1 719sb
I 4oo
7195~
I 2.300
7/99
I 2,500
100U 100u 1 OOU 1 OOU l00U 100 U 1 OOU 1 00U 1 OOU 100 U 100u 100 U
66,000
l00U 2.000 100U 1 OOU 1 OOU 100 U 100U . l0OU 1 OOU lOOU 100 U lOOU ' 7.300 6.700 100 U
:
8.300
lOOU
27,000
l0OU
1 OOU
1 OOU
177.000
1mu
49.000
1 OOU
4.000
100 U
46.900
1 OOU
4.000
f: - 10ou
8.200 1 OOU
1 OOU
281,000
100 U
13.400
1 OOU
100 U
100 U
100 U
lOOU
100 U
lOOU
30.000
100U
134,000
41.000
,. 31.000
. .
lDOU
66.000
2.500
23.000
100U
32.000 46.000
5.600
28.000
"j?,. 1 OOU
42.000
1 OOU
42.000
1,600
89.000
3,200
10.300
500
10,600
100 U
5.800
200
42.000
1.600
1 2.200 1 100U 1 178.000 1 200 1 1.100 1 700 1 3M) 1 1.400 .I: lOOU I lWU 1 100U 1'5.500 1 200.
TP-2
MINE
BALL FIELD
1 12000 1 93W pF::*:p::::::: . ... ..... . . *..: ......:.
.: . , . _., .... ,
Dl02 (
TP3
02-02 1 0302
7/9sb 1 7195~ 1 7 ~ 5 ~
mu I mu 12.5m I
..... .
roou I 1oou
lOOU 1 6.100
lOOU I lOOU

TABLE 5.64
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF SEEPAGE WATER RESULTS (1991-1996)
HOLDEN MINE RIPS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was anaped for, but not detected abwe the reporting timil shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Deteclion limit is an estimated valw.
INT - IMerference: resun not available due to maw interferences
indicates Lhat highest value horn range of replicated samples w e represented.
... ., . -...-.-,..-..- :*>, .
. :z2$%ef;m;sg
. .
indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore MI reported nor analyzed.
H \Holden\Drafi final ri rpt\S_S\Tables\S-44a.xb
7/26/99 ' Page 1 of 4
TABLE 5.44
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF SEEPAGE WATER
RESULTS (1991-1996)

TABLE 5.4-4
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF SEEPAGE WATER RESULTS (1991-1996)
HOUIEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shmvn.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but no1 detected. Detection limit is an estimated mlue.
INT - Interference: resuk not available due to maw interferences.
indicates that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented.
.,., . .: .,. -. >.,-.>.\:.>>:. .
mdicates the concentration d anawe was not established, therefore not reported nor anaiyzed
$%;

TABLE 5.4-4
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF SEEPAGE WATER RESULTS (1991-1996)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 1769340W19
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the repoiting liml shorm.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
INT - Interference; result Ml milable due to matrix interferences.
indicates that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented.
s.-......~...%.~.. -...* . >
z;;,sFcg 2 indite the concentration of anatyte was not established, therefwe not reported nor analyzed.
.....
H.\Holden\DraR final ri rpt\S-5\Tables\5-44a.ds
7/26/99
Page 3 of 4
TABLE 5.44
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF SEEPAGE WATER
RESULTS (1991-1996)
I ).~!.Es & MCXIRE

TABLE 5.44
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF SEEPAGE WATER RESULTS (1991-1996)
HOUJEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 1769-5019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was anaiwed , -.-, for but - not detected above the re~ortina limit shown.
- - . -
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
INT - Interference. resun nol available due to matrix interferences.
indicates that highest value from range af replicated samples were represented.
-.. %.% .......... . gy;w.:: . .... . " .%. .
.".. ... . . ., . ~ndicates the concentration of anatyte was not established, therefore not reported nor anaiy~ed.
H Wolden\DraR final ri rpt\S-5\Tables\S-4-4a.h
7/26/99 Page 4 of 4
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn, et al. 1994. Geochemraf data and sample local~ty maps for streamsediment. heavy-mi&concentra$ mill lailrng. water, and precrprtate samples collected
in and around the HoMen mine, Chelan Couoty. Washington. USGS Open File Report 946804 Paper 'denion. '94-6800 Diskette version (Data Collecled in 1994)
(b) K~lburn, J.E. & S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the Hotden mine. Chelan. Washingtm. USGS Open File Report96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kil5ur.l. J E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Afial,'fical resuffs and comparative overview d geochemical studies conducted at (he HoMen Mine, spring 1996
USGS Open File Report 97-1 28 (Data collected in Spnng 1996).
(d) Kilbum, J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Prelimindry data (no report attached, data collecled in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. 4.. et al. 1997. Eftects of Holden Mine or: the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
TABLE 5.44
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF SEEPAGE WATER
RESULTS (1991-1996)

TABLE 5.46
SUMMARY OF INTERSTITAL PORE WATER DATA
(FROM RAILROAD CREEK STREAMBED GRAVEL)
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. I7693005019
Sample Location
Parameters Sample ID
Dissolved Metals I L&
Aluminum
Barium
Cadmium
Calcium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Potassium
Silicon
Sodium
Sulfur
Zinc
Sampling Date
Conventional Analvses, (malL1:
Chloride
Sulfate (SO,)"
Field Measurements
pH (s.u.)
Specific Conductivity (4 s)
Redox (mV)
Data Notes;
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
ND - Not Determined
c DL Less Than Detection Limit (Variable Value)
Questionable Analyses
Data Source:
(a) Lambeth, Robert H. 1994 Compilation of Data for Sampling Analysis of lnterstital Pore Water at Railroad Creek Steambed Gravels.
H:\Holden\Draft final ri rpt~-5\~ables\5-4-5kls
RCSITE W
BKG TPl-2
411194~ 4/1/94'
c DL
10
< DL
14000
c DL
20
70
1600
< DL
610
5300
1200
3300
20
0.4
8
7.3
28
210
1500
10
10
20000
10
95000
130
11000
630
2500
5600
1900'
82000
300
1
240
3.4
1400
320
TP2-1
4/1/94'
17000
10
< DL
34000
250
18000
40
9700
650
1400
12000
2000
78000
2300
0.5 U
240
4
360
220
Page 1 of 1
TP2-2
4/1/94'
< DL
c DL
< DL
7700
< DL
1400
70
980
20
670
4000
920
82 00
60
0.5 U
24
4.3
580
250
RCSITE E
TP3-I
411194~
< DL
10
< DL
7800
10
800
70
900
40
630
4200
960
3400
50
0.6
9.3
6.5
44
120
TP3-2
4/1/94'
50
10
c DL
7800
c DL
1200
20
880
20
760
4300
1000
3500
40
ND
N D
6.3
ND
140
DG*
4/1/94'
40
61000
< DL
56000
c DL
22000
40
5300
c DL
14000
1400
11000
120
6000
-
N D
N D
6.2
N D
N D

TABLE 5.44
HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF MILL BUILDING DRIP SAMPLES (1995-1996)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES (L MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
.
Data
..'..
Notes:
~ ~,~~~~~~,~~,.~~
.... .. ......,.,;:.....:.:
;~@$?&#&Jgj:j;,; indicates the constituent was not analyzed.
Data Source:
(a) K~lburn J E 8 S J Sutley 1996 Charactenzat~on of acrd mlne drarnage at the Holden mrne Chelan Wash~ngton USGS Open F~le Report 96-531
(Data collected In 1995)
(b) Kllburn J E B S J Sutley 1997 Analytrcal results and cornparatwe overvlew of geochern~cal studles conducted at the Hotden M~ne spnng 1996
USGS Open F~le Report 97-128 (Data collected In Spr~ng 1996)
H:\Holden\Dran final n rpt\S-5\Tables\5-4-6 xls
7/26/99
Page 1 of 1
DAMES & MOCIRE

TABLE 5.47
WENllAL COMPOUNDS OF CONCERN (PCOC] FOR GROUNDWAER
HOLDEN MINE RMS
DAMES L MOORE JOB NO. 9769%00!3419
I
Arra
Honeymoon Helghts
Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Plle
. ' ~alntenance Yard
. .
Talllngs Pile 1
. .
Talllngs Plle 2
Talngs
East of Talllngs Plle 3
. . .
, . Lucerne
Analytes Above MTCAdl MfCAg or WAC
173-200
Cadmium, Copper. Iron, ZInc. pH
Arsenic, Beryllium. Cadmium. Copper.
Manganese. Zinc. TOS, pH. SO,
Cadmium. Copper, Iron. Zinc, pH
Cadmium. Copper. Zinc, p~ .
Cadmium. Copper, Imn. Zinc. TDS. SO, pH
Beryllii. Cadmium. Copper. Iron.
Manganese. Zinc, TOS. SO. pH
Arsenic, B Wh. Cadmium. Copper* Iron.
Manganese, Zinc. TDS, SO. pH, color
Arsenic, Cadmium. Iron. Manganese, pH.
TDS. SO, mlor
Anenic. Beryllium. Cadmium. Copper. Iron.
Manganese. TDS. SO, pH
Beryllium. Imn. Lead. Ma%~=e. TDS. SO..
PH
Bevlliw Im Manganese. TDS. SO, pH
Be'yOiu'!' Cadmium' Copw Imn.
Manganese. TDS. SO+ pH
Cadmium. Copper. Zinc pH
pH
Anam Above Fedenl MCLs
Not Applicable
Not~pplicable
Not Applicable
~ oApplicable t
Not Applicable
No1 Applicable
Not Applicable
~ oAppncable t
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Not Appilcable
NOI Applicable
~mn (secondary MCL)
&.Es
:Samples indicated u mnaininp PCm MY rial cmtlh dl @(he PCOCa Wed a may mntah PCOCs dependem upon Ule season.
PCWs
Cadmium, Copper, pH
Arsenlc. Beryllium. Cadmium.
Copper. Manganese. Zinc. TDS, pH.
SO,
Cadmium. Copper. Iron. Zinc. pH
Cadmium. Copper, 2tt-1~. p~
Cadmium Copper. Iron. Zinc. TDS.
SO.. PH
TP1-14 TPl-24 TP1-34 TP14A. TP1-54 TP16A
B ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ i ~ , ~ ~ I ~
Arsenic. Beryllium. Cedmim
Copper. Iron. Manganese. Zinc.
TDS. SO. pH. color
Arsenic, Csmnim Iron.
Manganese, pH. TDS. SO, color
Arsenic. BeryIUum. Cedrmum.
Copper. Im Mangsnese. TDS.
SO+ pH .
Beryllim. Imn. Lead. Manganese.
TDS, SO, pH
Barylli. Imn. Manganese. TDS.
SO,. pH
Beryllium. Cadmium. Copper, Iron.
Manganese. TOS. SO+ PH
Cadmium. Copper. Zinc, pH
Imn. pH
.
Sampler Contalnlng PCOC's
SP-14 Upper(pH W). SP-14. SP-14 Lower. SP-23
UP. SP-23 Venl Rd. SP-23. SP-238. SP-12. A-1
SP4. SP-15E. SP-1W. SP-'I~. SP-9. SPll
SPB. SP-19. SP-IOW. SP-IOE
HBKG-1
SP-7. SP-22. SP-24. SP-25
SP-1. SP-2
PZ-14 PZ-10. PZ-34 TP24A.TPZ-W. TP2M
TP2-IA
Spa. SP4
TP34. TP3-64 TP3-9. TP3-9. TP3-IOA PZdA
DS-1.0s-2
SPS. SP-17. SP-18
SP-21
~uceme
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 5.5-1
SUMWRY Of HISlORlcbl DATA FOR SEDMNlS FROM HOWN CREEK, lucD RnaRoPo CREEK
HOLDENhm?RVFS
=S 6 MOORE JOB NO. 1764100M19
...
TibELE 5 M
SUMMARY OF H~STOR~W DATA FOR SEDIIYIR~ FROM
WUIEN CREEK. AND RPIUIOPO CREEK
Paramten
Locdon
Sarrpb ID
Sanpl* Datc
Hoklan Qeek
155
7194'
......
, PalIraad Creek UpsIraam
356
167
7194' 7194.
RGI
9111196~
145
7134'
347
7/94'
.........
. . , . --r-.. CluCnnwuw
uecn near nwnv ---r.--
1
I
150 w~lI1 DO-I TPl-2 TPZ-I TP2-2 TP)-I I RC-2 I
7194'
~ 3 3 34 ~ l Z ~ 1 ~ l 9 4 1~394~ ~ 32mb M~194~( Wl1196~I
4ck344
7/94.
I .
]
4clcY6
7194.
I
I
4clc351
7/94'
uammd .~- -~ creek oownsimam
1 4clc152 I
I 7/94.
-
4clc353
7194'
..
I
- .-.
4cjc1Y
7194'
-. - -
I I I
I MP-7 ( RCS
1 9111/98~) OHIB~~
Total Metals. Imqlkcd
Sarrph Type , Sediment
Sedlrnent \Concentrate Sedlmen~Concen~ate Sedlmcm Sedlmen~Concentnte SedlmenjConccnt~u~edlrn~nd~o;icantratc ~edlmenl\~edlme~~Scdlmen~~edlmcnt~edlmeng~t
/ I 1 1 "" IP , . %,.,., . ,.,. *. , ... ........... *y&35$;
$@$$ 0 i 0 3 tU 1 500U 11.5 3.6 11.2 1 7.5 1 9.2 1 11.4 kfipi
?>%"$::
::*m:: . ,..-- . 5 0 3 0 " /1000Ou ~3 76.8 30.1 191 411 39.3 %@
XSX4 ,waz.: -. . I
Data N*:
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
,s, . . . indicates the mncentrafion of -lyte was not establ&ed, therefore reported and ana)yzed,
@my*?$
in and amund Lhe I-h~Men mine C Mn County. Wathinghm. USGS Open File Report 9- Paper Version, 94-680B Diskdta version (Data Callacted in 1994).
(b) l.ambeth. R.H 1995. Tranuniltal d laboratofy data from sampla mllected at Holden Mine site by the US Bureau d Miner (Data colladed in 1994).
(c) Johnsan. A, et al. 1997. ERds dHo/o'en Mine on Vle W ak Ssdlmanb and EenUlic lnvertetrahu dRaiboad Crrrdt (Lake Uteh).
Environmental Imestlgations and Laboratory Services Program Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publion No. 07-33 (dam cdlaaed in Spring and FaU 1996).
-.
. . I s : 1 8 , nnn nn7 n
.

TABLE 5.54
SUNtMARY OF HlSTORlW DATA FOR SEOIMEN'TS FROM WLEN CREEK, AN0 RNlROPD CREEK
HoLOENMNERUFS
D m 6 MOW JOB NO. 17693405419
Datr Notes:
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
&=&&& indicates the concenbation of analyte was not established, therefore nol reported and anabed
Data Source:
(a) Kilbum, et al. 1994. Geahernical dab and sample loalify maps Ibr streamsedim~t h~vy-~mkurkxf~bfe. mrll tailinff water, and pen@fe sampks cdlecled
in and around the Hdden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Disketle version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Lambem. R.H. 1995. TransmiVal of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden Mine wte by me US Bureau of Mines. (Data collected in 1994).
(c) Johnson. A, et al. 1997. E&ds dHolden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertelafes dRaiboad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Invastigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water M y No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
H:hlden\draRfinaI ri rphS_-5lTablesSll.xls
7/23/94
Page 1 of 1
TABLE 5.54
SUmaMRY OF H~TOWCAL
HOLMN CREEK, DATA FOR N D SRNLWPD m CREEX FROM

TABLE 5.5-2
SUMMARY OF FALL 1998 SEDIMENT DATA, STEHEKIN
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Notes:
Sample ID
STESED- STESED- STE-SED- STESED- STESED- STE-SED-
101698-1 101698-2 1016983A 1016983B 101698JC 1016984
Date Collectad 10H 6198 10116198 1011 6198 10H 6/90 10116198 1011 6198
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
- - -- ---- . Statisi!~t~_a!~ultion?!I -- --
Approximate Distribution
Standard
Median
Concentration Concentration Distribution Mean Deviation
Metals. Total (malkq)
' . I
Aluminum 12,5W 12.600 16.300 17.400 20.000 18,100 12.500 20.000 Lognormal 16,207 16,850 3.037
Arsenic .21.1 8.9 13.5 12.4 14.6 14.4 8.9 21.1 Lognormal 14.2 13.95 3.99
Cadmium 0.4 0.3U 0.5 0.5U 0.6U 0.4U 0.4 0.5 either' 0.45 0.45 0.071
Copper 24 21 40 39 48 40 2 1 48 Nonparamebic 35.3 39.5 10.5
Iron 23.700 18.800 26.300 25.400 30.100 28.900 18,800 30.1 00 Lognormal 25,607 25,850 4,037
Lead 8 6 11 12 14 10' 6 14 Lognormal 10.3 10.5 2.86
Manganese 255 212 339 342 404 353 212 404 Normal 318 341 70.5
I!'.?!. -- -- - -- -- 112 - . - 68.7 -. . 93 - 93.5 . - 113 - . .... 106 -. . - -- 68.7 - 1 13 - No"Paramet@- 97.7 .- 99.8 16.7 -.
Conventional Analvses
pH (S.U.) 5.8 J 5.5 J 5.6 J 5.6 J 5.8 J 5.5 J
Total Solids (%) 60.3 62.5 40.8 36.5 40.2 47.4
Total Organic Carbon (%) 1.6 1.9 3.8 4.2 3.3 3.1
Total Volatile Solids (mglkg) 38,000 54.000 140.000 190.000 150.000 100.000
Acid Volatile Sulfide (mglkg) 2.9 4.0 1.3U 1 .5U t.4U 3.5
~ ---
- -- ~
J - Estimated Value
' Statistical analyses including approximating sample distributions, means, standard deviations, medians and background 90th percentile
were calculated using an Excel version 5.0 macro designed by the Washington Department of Ecology and their guidance found in
Statistical Guidance for Ecology Site Managers. Toxics Cleanup Program (August, 1992).
The Excel macro could not approximate either distribution due lo insufficient uncensored data points.
NIA - Not Available. Therefore, the 90th percentile was not determined.
H.Wolden\RI\Drafl final RI rpt\S-5\Tables\5-5.2 xls
7/23/99 Page 1 of 1 DAMES R MOORE
--
.
Both X
21.193
20.6
MIA
N/A
32.297
15.2
420
N/A

TABLE 5.5-3
SUMMARY OF FALL 1998 SEDIMENT DATA. LUCERNE
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Note.:
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shorn
J - Estimated Value
'Statistical analyses including approximating sample distributtons, means, standard deviations, medians and 95th UCL
were calculated using an Excel version 5.0 macro designed by the Washinglon Department or Ecology and their guidance found in
Statistical Guidance for Ecology Sile Managers. Toxics Cleanup Program (Augusl 1992)
Page 1 of 1
DAMES A MOOHE

TABLE 5.61
SUWAARY OF 1997 FERRICRETE. FLOCCULENT. AND PORTAL FILM DATA
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES h MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
Data Notes:
J - Est~matea value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected for. but not detected abOve the reponlng lirnlt shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected Detection limit e an estimated value
....... . .: ., . . . . . .:mm.rn,@..:
. ~ndicates
. . . . .
the concentration of analyte was not establisned. therefore not reported nor analyzed
h:\holden\dratt final rirpt\S-S\Tables\56-1 .XIS
7/26/99 Page 1 of 1

TABLE 5.7-1
HISTORICAL AIR MONITORING DATA
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Data Notes:
Parameters
NR - Not Reported
..-- .............-.* ....... :.:.:.::>>,x

D.7 D.8
SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washinaton DNR. DEM CD ROM
-
DAMES & MOORE
A ~ AME~ a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 5.2-1
RI SOIL INVESTIGATION LOCATIONS
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final Ri Report

a 0
S
9 :
t "f'
c i
Crown Point
LEGEND
--- Existing Gravel Road
----- Existing Hiking Trail
(All Trails Not Shown)
8 Approximate Soil
DM BG 1 Sample Location
SOURCE: Wafters et al., 1992
USGS Chelan Ouadmgle 1973
.............................................. ... !
Approximate Scale in Feet
. .
i ........................................................... ; ............................................................ ............................................................ ........................................................... i ............................................................ ............................................... ........... ; ........... ~ ............................................... i
A B C D E F G H I
MvES & MOORE
Figure 5.2-2
AREA BACKGROUND SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE LOCATIONS
A~AME~~M~~RECR~UPC~MPAN~ Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

Scale in Feet
Irene Lode Figure 5.2-3
DiMES & MOORE + HISTORICAL SOIL INVESTIGATION LOCATIONS
A ~ AME~ a MOORE GROUP C~MPANY Holden Mine RUFS
Job NO 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

0.7 D.8 - D.9
SOURCE: Base map inlbnnation frum USFS and
Washingtan DNR, DEM CD ROM
--
LUCILLE
E.0 E.l E.2 E.3 E.4
DAMES & MOORE . RI WATER QUALITY SAMPLING LOCATIONS--SITE
A DAMS a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
E.5
Figure 5.3-2
Holden Mine RI/FS
Draft Final RI Report

i
i Wilderness
i I
i I
i I
P.J
i
i
i
i
i.
i '.
i i.
'.'.
i
i
i
,.---.'
i
r-
i
i.
i
j
I.-.-. '. \.-.a.
'. I.-.-. -. '.
-\ '.
i \.
i
'.
i '.'
!.-. i.* .-.
\.
\
I
i '.-.
1
-.
-.
'. '. ". --. .
. -.-. -.
A
'. \ ,
5
f-/
'i.
! -. '.
-
\.-/.-.-.
'?
1.
0 3 i
f
i
Refer to Figure 4.6-1 for
Railroad Creek
Aquatic Survey Locations i
i
Approximate
Holden Mine Site Scale in Miles I
i
'. \\ 1. Figure 5.3-3
STEHEKIN RIVER WATERSHED-
DAMES & MOORE ' WATER QUALITY SAMPLING LOCATIONS
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
I

Job NO. 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

Date
-+-- Discharge (cfs)
4'- ~luminurn
A Aluminum ND
Figure 5.3-5
DAMES & MOORE 1997 RC-4 FLOW VS. ALUMINUM CONCENTRATION (ugR) AT RC-2
A DAMS a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Date Figure 5.3-6
DAMES & MOORE - . 1997 RC4 FLOW VS. COPPER, MANGANESE, AND ZINC CONCENTRATIONS (ugR) AT RC-2
A DAMS a MOORE GAOUP COMPANY
Job No. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A oAW 6 MooRE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Date
Discharge (ds)
Figure 5.3-7
4 997 RC-4 FLOW VS. IRON CONCENTRATION (ugR) AT RC-2
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Date
Figure 5.3-8
DAMES & MOORE - 1997 RC-4 FLOW VS. CADMIUM CONCENTRATION (u&) AT RC-2
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RMFS
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Repod

-+- pischarge (cfs)
I t hardness 1
Date
Figure 5.3-9
DAMES & MOORE . 1997 RC4 FLOW VS. HARDNESS CONCENTRATION (mgll) AT RC-2
A oAMEs 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DVVES & MOORE
A DM a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
-- Stream Station
Downstream
Figure 5.3-1 0
MAY AND SEPTEMBER 1997
CADMIUM AND HARDNESS CONCENTRATIONS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

-I
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
.----. May-Hardness
Septernber-Hardness
Stream Station
-+ Downstream
Figure 5.3-1 1
MAY AND SEPTEMBER 1997
COPPER AND HARDNESS CONCENTRATIONS
Holden Mine RIFS
Draft Final RI Report

1800
-.- May-Iron
--- September-Iron
A------A May--Hardness
IXMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GRWP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Stream Station
- + Downstream
Figure 5.3-1 2
MAY AND SEPTEMBER 1997
IRON AND HARDNESS CONCENTRATIONS
Holden Mine RI/FS
Draft Final RI Report

160
-.- May-Zinc
--- September-Zinc
.----.
A------A May--Hardness
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6. MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
September--Hardness
Stream Station
-4 Downstream
Figure 5.3-1 3
MAY AND SEPTEMBER 1997
ZINC AND HARDNESS CONCENTRATIONS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPAN~
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 5.4-1
RI HYDROGEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION LOCATIONS-SITE
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map infomtim horn USFS and
Mhingtm DNR. DEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE -
AoAW&MooREGROWCOMPANy
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Figure 5.4-3
pH, MAY 1997
WELLS COMPLETED IN NATIVE MATERIAL; ASSOCIATED SEEPS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report ,

SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR, OEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES (C MOORE GROW COMPANY
+
Figure 5.4-5
DISSOL~ED ALUMINUM CONCENTRATION, MAY 1997
WELLS COMPLETE^ IN NATIVE MATERIAL; ASSOCIATED SEEPS
Holden Mine RI/FS
Draft Final RI Report
I

D.8 D. 9 E.0 ..... E.2 E.3 E.4
a D.7 . .- :
0
. -. . .
u
% -.- .
....
...... . .
. .
......
..... .... ........ . . -
I
. . _.-. _.
......
.--:- - . .
.-.-> ..
.(..._. .
. c .: 3
. -.
....
.......................... ............... .......
-- .
:.,.; 1 .-;...:,.-; ......
: --._ .
....... ' f i : ..,'i
. . i : Location of seep sample collected by Dames 8 Moore. 1997
, .:
. - :
-\_ . 2 .... ... -.
. . . . . . .... ......I
. ..........
I
. : ;'
,+@ ; - : )( 550 Portal x.
...
-- : . . ... , ._. ,,-.: - 3800 i
. -
. . . --..i - . . . .
. . .
....... i , . : H ; Surveyed lmtion of groundwater monitoring well completed by others
. -.. . . - . .i j ,:
........
I
...
\. : '
-- . . . . . . ,
.
__- --_ -.
.,
3.2 ... . ........... ....
. .
q 5 :...., ~
_ _ __- -- -. ; i
... ... ......
. . . : I
. - -\ ....
I
.... ... . : ..:
%Yp*; -..- . . . . ...
....... .......
. ... . . .
.
. .-- .. ... .....
........
.. .......
.......
....
.......
...
. . .
..... ...-
...
. .
........................................... .............. ............ ...................................................................
................................
.... ...... ....................
........................................ . ............. ......... .......... .................................... ................................................................
.. - ........ ...
. . . .
.... .
....
. . .
.
........ . ..........
..... . . .
. . .
...-- . . .
.........
.......... ... . . .
. .
. . .... . .
....... .
.
. . .
..... . . . . . . .
.
.... ...........
...
..............
. . . . . .
.........
.....
...... . . . . . .
. . .
...
. . .
......
.....
.
:.
- ._ _. __. - - .- . --- . -. -.
4,980 : Units inp@
.- 8 j
: .. / j --
i .-.- '. . '. ,
~ : \
I , . .._ - .
: \
: . \. . .
I * . . 3900
!
--__ .- - --

SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR. DEM CD ROM
Figure 5.4-9
DISSOLVED COPPER CONCENTRATION, MAY 1997
DAMES 8~ MOORE i , WELLS COMPLETED IN NATIVE MATERIAL; AssoctATED SEEPS
A DAMS a MOORE GRWP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
- --
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE. Base map information frwn USFS and
Washington DNR. DEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES d MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 5.4-10
DISSOLVED COPPER CONCENTRATION, SEPTEMBER 1997
WELLS COMPLETED IN NATIVE MATERIAL; ASSOCIATED SEEPS
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map inlomtim frwn USFS and
Washington DNR. OEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
Figure 5.4-1 7
pH, MAY 1997
WELLSILYSIMETERS COMPLETED IN TAILINGS; ASSOCIATED SEEPS
ADAMES~M~~RECR~UPCOMPAN~ Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

E.5
D. 9 E.0 ~ . i 8 E.2 E.3 E.4
B 0.7 D.8
.$cB . ?@
... . . .
.
-.- . . .
2 ....
.
. . .
. ..-- .
..... ...:. ...
' x
.. _./-_. . : --
_
P . . . . .- .: .- . . .
.............
. .
....................................................... .... .
...........................................................
.
-7 -7 ! :
. ................................................................................................................................................................................ ......
- 7
.......................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................... . ,-. . --
i : !.'.".'
.
!? .... .......
. .
........
-
. .
.' , -. .
-
. .
. .
: . . I -.., 5 - . .-
: . .C
- i . . ... - -+- . ... . .
. *.
.
..... .
3% .,
. . . . . ..
: ._.I.
.- .-.._ : .
. .
.
,- . .
. .___ .--
.
.... ..... . .C : \_. --
-. . . . 3 - .
.......
... .
...... ... ..... .....
.......
... .
.
: : I
.....
-. . -- : .
. - .. .
. . . . .
: . - - L -.. .z .:./:.;:., .
. - -.
. . -- .:. ---..
. -
. . , -- -
. ....
..........
. .
: 1- -
, Chalet
. .- -. .,. .
.._ .. . - a . -..:-, : .
izin
? . .
. . .
. - . -, Hill

SOURCE: Base map inlbrmatim from USFS and
Washington DNR. DEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 5.4-28
DISSOLVED IRON CONCENTRATION, SEPTEMBER 1997
WELLSILYSIMETERS COMPLETED IN TAILINGS; ASSOCIATED SEEPS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report
Internal Draft

0.7
SOURCE: Base map inbmbbn from UsFs and
Washington DNR. DEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
D.8 . D. 9
E.0 . E.l E.2
E.3 E.4
Figure 5.5-la
FLOCCULENT AND SEDIMENT SAMPLING LOCATIONS-SITE
A DAMB a MOORE CROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Job No. 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

Approximate Scale in Feet
DAMES & MOORE
LEGEND
4 @ Number and surveyed location of
-50 sediment sampling. The number
beneath the sample location
indicates the approximate depth of
the sample based on sonar readings.
Lake Chelan
Location of Shoreline
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Figure 5.5-2
STEHEKIN SEDIMENT SAMPLING
AoAMEs6MooREGRoUPCOMPANy Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Lake Chelan
Draft Final RI Report

LEGEND
-- -A
O Ferr~crete, flocculent sarnpllng
locatlon
Scale In M~les
I
F~gure 5 6-1
FERRICRETE AND FLOCCULENT
DAMES & MOORE RI SAMPLING LOCATIONS
A DAMES s, MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO 17693-005-019
Holden M~ne RIIFS
Draft Flnal RI Report

6.0 TRANSPORT AND FATE OF COMPOUNDS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN
Most hard rock metal mines, like the Holden Mine, involve excavation and processing of ore rock to
extract useful metals (e-g., copper and zinc) contained in minerals. The minerals may be smelted onsite to
produce the metals, or, as in the case of the Holden Mine, the minerals are smelted off-site. As it is not
practical to recover all the minerals (particularly those containing iron), non-recovered minerals remain
onsite in: (1) the walls of the excavations (mine openings); (2) in rock removed to access the ore (waste
rock); and (3) in residues remaining from the processing of ore (tailings). .
The metal-contaking minerals are formed under conditions in the earth's crust that are different than at
the surface. Some differences include, pressure and temperature (both greater in the crust), and water and
oxygen abundance (both greater at the surface due to exposure to the atmosphere). Because of these
differences, the minerals remaining on a site after mining are lisually unstable in the atmosphere and
begin to breakdown almost immediately, releasing the metals they contain to flowing water, if present.
An analogue for the process is the transformation of iron to rust, which happens because iron is unstable
in the atmosphere; water flowing ove; the rust will contain iron.
Therefore, water flowing through mine sites very ofien contains metals reflecting the chemical instability
of the rock. These waters are ofien dissimilar from natural waters because contact with the minerals as
described above modifies the water chemistry. The mine waters may be acidic and contain relatively high
concentrations of dissolved sulfur. As the waters flow away from a mine, waste rock, or tailings, the
metals contained in the water can be removed by processes such as aeration, contact with acid
neutralizing rock, and mixing with natural acid-neutralizing waters.
Understanding these processes as they apply specifically to the Holden Mine Site is critical to evaluating
the sources of water quality impacts observed at the site and in Railroad Creek, and the options and
benefits of remediation. The purpose of Section 6, therefore, is to: (1) describe the processes controlling
release of metals from Site sources; (2) how metals are immobilized before they enter Railroad Creek;
and (3) the processes occurring when waters from the Site mix with Railroad Creek (Figure 6.1-1).
This section has been structured to develop the current understanding of the processes occurring at the
Holden Mine Site and how these processes impact the quality of surface water and groundwater at the site
and in Railroad Creek.
Subsection 6.1 summarizes findings on Site conditions presented in previous sections of the report and
provides some new information to give context to the subsequent discussion of processes.
Subsequent sections describe the chemical interpretation of processes at the Site.
Subsection 6.2 describes specific methods used to interpret chemical processes at the Site.
Subsection 6.3 is a general introduction to chemical processes occurring when reactive minerals are
exposed to weathering by the atmosphere, and processes by which metals are removed.
\U)M-S~I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~U)O~Utol~-Z\n7M).da
6- 1
17693-OOS-019UuIy 27.1999;4:11 -RAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Subsection 6.4 presents general Site wide evidence for the processes described in Subsection 6.3 and
reduces the variations in water chemistry to mechanisms that are common to the whole Site.
Subsection 6.5 presents variations in the processes as they apply to the different components of the Site.
Subsection 6.6 discusses impacts to Railroad Creek and presents a mass balance for the chemical loads to
determine if chemical loads can be accounted for by the known sources.
Subsection 6.7 compares Site with two other similar mine sites to determine if processes at the Holden
Mine resemble processes elsewhere in similar environmental settings.
Subsection 6.8 discusses the formation of flocculent and femcrete in Railroad Creek and the downstream
transport of flocculent.
Subsection 6.9 discusses the metals data and transport mechanisms for sediment in Railroad Creek.
Subsection 6.1 0 provides conclusions for Section 6.
To assist in better understanding the Site conditions, Table 6.0-1 has been prepared which presents a key
of Site features and media samplingldata collection locations as it relates to Figure 6.1-la.
6.1 SITE CONDITIONS
6.1.1 Bedrock Geology and Mineralogy
Bedrock mineralogy is the underlying findamental control on mine site water geochemistry. This section
summarizes the mineralogy of the host rocks and ore deposit at the Site, as discussed in Section 4.2.3.
6.1.1.1 Host Rocks
The Holden Mine assemblage, which is the regional host for the Holden Mine deposit is dominated by
hornblende bearing rocks that include amphibolite, hornblende gneiss, and hornblende-biotite schist.
Calc-silicate rock, leucocratic gneiss, and plagioclase-biotite schist are less abundant constituents, and
marble, pelitic schist, and metaconglomerate occur locally (Dragovich and Derkey, 1994). This latter
assemblage includes the Martin Ridge and Buckskin schists, and the Fernow Gneiss of Youngberg and
Wilson (1952).
The deposit itself is hosted by the Buckskin schist which is a quartz amphibole schist sequence, with at
least two horizons of intermittent marble beds and calcareous schists (Youngberg and Wilson, 1952).
Typical specimens have the following composition @ubois, 1954):
Layers of almost pure quartz
Biotite-rich layers of 15 percent quartz (Si02), 45 percent plagioclase (NaAlSi0308 to
CaA12Si208), 30 percent biotite (K(Mg,Fe)3(AISi3010)(OH)2), and 10 percent
hornblende ((Ca,Na)2-3(Mg,Fe,Al)5Si6(Si,Al)2022(OH) and diopside (CaMgSi206)
\\DM-SMI\VOLI\COMMOMWR~W)~\boIdm-2Li\60.doc 6-2
17693-005-019Vuly 27.1999,4:42 PMPRAFT FINAL R1 REPORT
-

Quartz-rich layers of 40 percent quartz, 30 percent plagioclase, 20 percent diopside, 4
percent hornblende, 2 percent sphene (CaTiO(Si04)) and 2 percent biotite
In the vicinity of the mineralized zone, the amphibole is altered to a black biotite, wiih local chlorite
((M~,F~)~(S~,AI)~OIO(OH)Z.(M~,F~~(OH)~)
and sericite (KA12(AISi3010)(OH)2) alteration, and additional
amounts of quartz and sulfides. The increase in the biotite is usually accompanied by a decrease in the
lime-silicate (e.g., diopside) content.
6.1.1.2 Ore Deposit
Geologists at the Holden Mine originally classified the ore deposit as a vein-type deposit formed in a
shear zone (Youngberg and Wilson, 1952). However, it has recently been re-classified as a
metamorphosed Kuroko-type VMS deposit (Dragovich and Derkey, 1994). The ore zone is interpreted to
be located within the limb of a large, northwest-trending, overturned, isoclinal fold.
Three distinct zones of mineralization, based on sulfide minerals can be distinguished (Dragovich and
Derkey, 1994):
1. The "original footwall sulfide zone," contains pyrrhotite (Fel.,S), pyrite (FeS2), biotite
and sericite. Pyrite and pyrrhotite in this zone is largely disseminated, and the contact
with the original footwall is diffuse or irregular.
2. The "original footwall ore zone" which contains pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite (CuFe&) and
gold (Au) mineralization. This is partially interbedded with the footwall sulfide zone.
Economically, it was the most important unit at the mine.
3. The "hanging wall ore zone," which contains pyrite and sphalerite .(ZnS), with lesser
amounts of pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and galena (PbS). Over 50 percent of the
mineralization in this zone is present as sulfides. The contact with the original hanging
wall rocks is sharp.
Because this sequence is overturned, the "original footwall" is now the structural hanging wall.
Other minerals identified in the deposit include: magnetite (Fe304), quartz, molybdenite (MoS2), calcite
(CaC03), bournonite (PbCuSbS3), silver (Ag), and possibly pitchblende (U4) (Youngberg and Wilson,
1952).
Post-ore intrusive "diabase" dykes cross the ore zone in several locations, varying from approximately
twenty-four percent abundance at the 2125 level to almost fifty percent at the 2500 level (Ebbutt, 1956)
(Figure 6.1-2). The dykes have a well-developed igneous texture, and are comprised of qu&-diorite.
Typical specimens are light colored, with a porphyritic medium grained texture. They contain 10 percent
quartz, 70 percent plagioclase, 10 percent hornblende, and 5 percent chlorite, with minor biotite, apatite
(Ca5(PO4)3(0H,F,C1)), sphene, sericite and magnetite. They form sharp contacts with their host rocks
(Dubois, 1954). The intrusives appear to be related to the late-Triassic Marblemount belt (Dragovich and
Derkey, 1994). The dykes represent an important waste component of the ore and therefore the minerals
are expected to be present in the tailings.
\\DM~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~~W)~\holdcn-2\n~.doc
6-3
1769340541 Wuly 27.1999;4:42 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

.LXOdW RI WNId W@Md 11:V:6661 'LZ Al"n610-S00-~69~ I
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llefi au!u ayl sealaqfi 'auoz alo ayl pasraiu! saqAp aql asne:,aq sayAp aseqe!p ayl u!
pau!wuo:, sIaJau!w Aq paieu!uIop aq 01 pai:,adxa s! sSu!l!a ayljo K8olaJau!w apylns-uo~
.rbs!waq:, Jalefi ails
au!W uaploH ayl jo ws!ueq:,aw lCreurpd e s! slwau!m asag JO Su!~aqlea~ -(aqto~pKd
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:an uo~inuuo~u! lm!SolaJau!wjo mapal aql woy suo!sn~:,uo:, a u
.al!ioquKd pue alMd u! saw:,ey spay ~olpw sa:,qda~ 'paleu!urass!p 01 aqssew
woy Su!h~ 'auoz panlwaqw ayl jo wd yequa3 ayl u! paieaua3uo3 - aiMdo:,leq3 ,
-au!ur ayljo pua-lssa ayl tq pa~equa:,uo:, s! 11 *uo!i!sodwm u! (sa J-u~)
al!leuueu saq:,eoidd~ pw 'lualuo:, uo~! @!q e seq al!~aleqdg .auoz a ~o ayl jo llewooj
ayl u! sluawa:,elda ar\!ssew pue suo!yeu!urass!p uaawaq saseqd leuo!iepd - alualeqds
.uuoj u! aA!sseur K11tuauaS 'auoz alo qyl!~ lmpunqv - a~!loqN
,;uowwo:,un IOU,, are al!uld
jo saqn:, 'auoz a10 aql jo apyno -saSpa papoum 'pale!maq Alq%!q s! I! 'auoz
a~o aw u~ -sai!l1!%m all) u! suoyeu!urass!p se pue 'sauoz paz!lwayw u! luepunqe -
.(Eo!sE~) a)!uo$mllom Jou!m yl!m 'a)!:,lm :,ua:,lad 01 pm '(ZIO~!SZ(V~~)
alplnssoA3 luaaad 02 'ap!sdo!p lua31ad 0s 'asqoo!Se1d luaaad 0s 'zrrenb
lumad s jo uo!i!sodwm 8 yl!~
'sal!~n& ale:,!l!s-aunl pue aIqmurjo spmq l~uo!m:,o
.voq ai!lq!qdm ayl yl!~ papueq 'ssew paSu!~
aldmd ' A a l@!l E SE paquxap SBM apppAqm a u 'Ilem %u!Sueq leu!%uo ayl %u!Kpa~o
Alale!paunu! 'aw Suop laa~ 0~1 JOJ paddew SBM p!q* sual ( '0s~) alppLqw uv
.

Crystalline crusts were observed in the mill building and where seepage emerges along the toes of the
tailings piles. The USGS used X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine the types of minerals present in
1994 (personal communication with Jim Kilbum, 1999) (Table 6.1-1). ~ lminerals l were identified to be
sulfates in combination with aluminum, iron, copper, potassium, sodium, magnesium, zinc, and calcium.
These minerals are not unique to the Holden Mine and have been documented at many other mine sites.
This section summarizes the hydrology/hydrogeology discussed in Sections 4.3 and 4.4, and describes a
general conceptual site transport pathway model for the Site. The model serves as the basis for
interpretation of surface water and groundwater PCOC discharge from Site features as they relate to water
quality in Railroad Creek.
6.13.1 General Transport Pathway Model
The Site receives surface water and groundwater flow from upgradient sources that include snowmelt and
rainfall runoff from adjacent valley sides and from direct precipitation as either rain or snow.
Groundwater within the Railroad Creek valley and at the Site exists as shallow and deeper isolated
occurrences. Shallow groundwater occurs near the base of the tailings piles and within a relatively thin
near-surface alluviurn/reworked glacial till (reworked sand and gravel) that is perched above less
permeable glacial till. Site groundwater within these units discharges as seeps or as diffuse groundwater
to Railroad Creek. The alluvium/reworked till unit is considered to be moderately permeable with
estimated hydraulic conductivities ranging from 9 x lo4 to 5.3 x cdsec. The underlying glacial till
unit is a relatively low permeability material that is assumed to separate the groundwater that occurs in
the bedrock fractures from the groundwater that occurs in the overlying alluviudreworked till. The
underlying glacial till unit may contain limited localized occurrences of water. The glacial till unit is
estimated to have lower permeabilities than the alluviudreworked till unit, with hydraulic conductivities
ranging from lo-* to 1 0-lo CIIL~S~C.
The interrelationship between Site groundwater and surface water is the focus of the transport pathway
discussion and includes the following mechanisms: (1) surface water overland flow and infiltration, (2)
seepage as overland flow, (3) seepage as direct groundwater discharge to Railroad Creek, and (4)
groundwater discharge as baseflow into the bed of Railroad Creek. Other transport pathways such as air
transport of tailings or transport of tailings directly into Railroad Creek as a result of bank erosion are
considered to be a minor influence on water quality in Railroad Creek.
In general, upslope surface water from direct precipitation and snow melt run-on infiltrates and recharges
groundwater through fractures within the bedrock found along the valley sidewalls and through the pore
spaces of the surficial deposits including the alluviudreworked till unit, where present. Upslope surface
water run-on results in overland'flow and infiltration across and through Site features and eventually
discharges to Railroad Creek as overland flow or as diffuse groundwater. Baseflow to Railroad Creek is
provided by. diffuse groundwater flow which likely flows in alluvium underlying the creek.
Seeps discharges from the surficial materials at the Site at points where local groundwater elevations are
higher than ground elevations. Seepage may (1) discharge directly into Railroad Creek, (2) flow overland
to Railroad Creek, and (3) flow overland and reinfiltrate. In the spring, most water enters the Site from
\u)M-SEAI\VOL I \ C O M M O M W P \ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6-5 A ~ W . ~ ~ ~
DAMES & MOORE
17693-005-019Wuly 27,1999,4:11 P~RAFI' FINAL RI REPORT

snowmelt on the adjacent valley slopes, so that primary groundwater flow directions are perpendicular to
the trend of Railroad Creek. Groundwater discharge to Railroad Creek decreases over the summer.
Through the summer months as groundwater levels decrease, groundwater beneath the Site begins to flow
downstream to the east rather than directly toward Railroad Creek. The flow loss occurs because water
levels in Railroad Creek are above water levels in the alluvial aquifer near the eastern portion of the site.
The area immediately east of tailings pile 3 replenishes groundwater storage and is assumed to discharge
back to Railroad Creek along the reach in and near SP-21, immediately east of RC-2. This assumption is
based on the observed exposure of bedrock on the south bank of Railroad Creek, immediately
downstream of SP-21. The presence of bedrock, and absence of alluvial material, indicates that the
groundwater likely becomes surface water (Railroad Creek) at this location. Seep discharge is largest in
the spring and essentially stops by late summer, indicating snowmelt as the primary source of seep flow.
6.1.3.2 West Side of Site
The west side of the Site includes the Honeymoon Heights drainage area, mine area, underground mine
. workings, the east and west 'waste rock piles, mill building area, and the maintenance yard (Figures 6.1- 1
and 6.1-la). Some of the upslope run-on probably enters nk-surface discontinuities in bedrock south
and upslope of the Site and flows downward through bedrock fractures, through abandoned stopes and
mineralized (unrnined) portions of the underground mine and contacts residual mineralization on rock
faces of the stopes and tunnels as shown on Figures 6.1-2 and 6.1 -2a. The water emerges as either surface
water overland flow (i.e., 1500-level main portal drainage) and can reinfiltrate as seeps that emerge as
overland flow andlor as diffuse groundwater discharge to Railroad Creek.
Some of the overland flow from upslope run-on also moves across the Honeymoon Heights waste rock
piles (800 and 11 00 level) or the mill area, and the maintenance yard and then travels downslope to other
drainage features such as the lagoon and other miscellaneous drainage channels (Figures 6.1 - 1 a and 6.1 -
2b). Not all groundwater comes into contact with the underground mine workings. Some portion of
groundwater flow from the west side of the site is assumed to be diverted into the abandoned Railroad
Creek channel and also flows beneath the tailings piles.
6.133 East Side of Site
The east side of the Site includes tailings piles 1, 2, and 3 (Figure 6.1-la). Upslope surface water
overland flow from direct precipitation and snow melt is transported to Copper Creek and also infiltrates
across and through tailings piles 1,2, and 3. Surface water is further transported to other drainage features
including ditches that divert water to Copper Creek, an abandoned decant tower near the southern margin
of tailings pile 1, the Copper Creek diversion, and the sauna dipping pool. Groundwater recharge from
upslope run-on and infiltration occurs through the fractures within the bedrock found along the valley
sidewalls and in the alluvium/reworked till, where present (Figures 6.1-3 and 6.1-3a). Infiltration occurs
through the tailings piles from a combination of sources including upslope run-on as well as snow-melt
and direct precipitation on the tailings piles. Infiltration through these features contributes recharge to
groundwater in the alluvium/reworked till beneath the tailings piles which eventually discharges as seeps
and groundwater baseflow to Railroad Creek. The discharge rate decreases after the spring snow melt
period. Some portion of groundwater flow from the west portion of the site is assumed to be diverted into
the abandoned Railroad Creek channel and also flows beneath the tailings piles.
\U)M-S~I\VOLI\COMMOMWR~W)S~\~DIQ~-~\~~,~~~
6-6
1769300U)l Wuly 27.1999,4:11 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Evidence of significant surface and channel erosion in Site drainages was not observed and therefore,
there does not appear to be a direct water borne pathway for significant quantities of metal-containing
sediments to enter Railroad Creek fiom the Site. Under extreme flow events, bank erosion in Railroad
Creek and channel shifting with subsequent erosion of tailings in Copper Creek can potentially transport
tailings into Railroad Creek. Channel scour and re-suspension of flocculent and fine particulates
originating as iron oxide (and other) metal precipitates, and which settle into the Railroad Creek
streambed, is also a transport mechanism which can carry metals downstream. Although large channel
scour events in Railroad Creek which transport bed material long distances downstream are not common
(due to the size of the dominant bed material and bed armoring), transport of iron-oxides as fine
suspended material was observed several times during high flow events in 1997.
63 GEOCHEMISTRY INTERPRETATION TOOLS
Interaction of minerals with the atmosphere and the formation of new minerals control the chemistry of
waters originating from the Site. A critical component of the geochemical interpretation is therefore the
determination of which minerals in the rocks are controlling the original source of the water, and which
new minerals are forming and removing metals from solution. These two groups of minerals are referred
to as primary, indicating that they are present in the rocks, and secondary, indicating that they are formed
when metals released from the primary minerals react with other dissolved or solid constituents. The first
group does not include all minerals in the rocks because some minerals are inherently unreactive.
The following subsections describe the interpretative tools that were used to evaluate chemical processes
occurring at the Site.
6.2.1 Contribution of Primary Minerals
Subsection 6.1.1 described the types of primary minerals reported to be present in the rocks within the
Holden Mine. The processes that contribute the components of primary minerals to mine water chemistry
are introduced below and described in more detail in'subsection 6.3.
The controlling process on water chemistry at the Site is the oxidation of iron sulfide (pyrite),
summarized as:
The acid (IT) produced by this reaction, can then dissolve other minerals, for example, calcite:
or, other more abundant minerals (for example, potassium feldspar):
It can be seen from reaction (6-1) that each mole of pyrite produces two moles of sulfate ion and four
moles of hydrogen ions (representing acidity). Reactions (6-2) and (6-3) indicate that these four hydrogen
ions then react with calcite and produce two ions of calcium or four ions of potassium. Therefore, if
176

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:am lapom aqi
woy ~n&no alL .suo!iwua3uo3 se% pue qg ' ~ 'arwwaduai d se q:,ns suo!i!puo:, laqao pus 'slaiaurend
pazA1vm I@ jo suo!iwua3uo:, par\loss!p aw am (slapour a~qmduro:, 118 pue) ~()=NIJ,~ 08 sindu! a u
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-ad& q! jo pasn Alap!m lsow aw
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:smo~loj se am uo!palas s!qi JOJ
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uos!lly) wb%W aw 'l3aTold s!V JoJ :(Ebg) SUo!ln[os au!@s lapow 01 &![!qe alll Pue '(3b3md)
slaiem jo %u!x!ur lapour oi &![!qe aw 'slwau!ur pue quaurala jo aseqqep aqa apnpu! s~apour aq uaawaq smualagp a u '~03 pue * gmd '~bny~ 'mbam apnpu! slapom asau .s[eJau!ur
hpuo3as jo uo!ieuuoj jo amap!r\a loj Ibs!ruaqa laieM aien[eAa 01 aIqel!eAe an slapour [wa~as
'~'cg uo!pasqnS u! pap!~o~d s! uo!ieuuoj [eJau!u hpuo:,as
jo uo!ssn:,s!p 1aq.q .aie)!dpald 01 slqaur heaq smo~le ~d u! asea~:,u~ -%9sea:,u! nroy ~d %u!lua~ald
aq Aeur slwau!m asaqa moq pue 'uo!ln~os way paAouraJ Ou!aq am slmaur alaqm saie:,!pu! i! asne3aq
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aw %u!sn pauuguo3
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-Apeais
u!eural1aiem aqa u! apuo~q:, pue um!pos jo suo!ie4ua3uo:, aqa pue Jalm aqa uroy parlowar an apuolq:,
pue urn!pos 'uuoj s[wrCr3 aqa sy *asear3u! suo!iwua:,uo:, aw se uuoj [[!A slwrC13 yes iew aiel3!p
s3!ureur(pouuayl jo SMB~ aw 'Allenlua~~ 'rale~ aw u! aseanu! 01 apuolq3 pw uIn!pos jo suoyerlua3uo3
aw sasne:, uo!iwode~a a u 'paiwode~a aq oi Jaiefi %u!sne:, 'paieaq s! qvs uourmo:, jo uo!lnlos e uaqm
s~msrC13 apl~o~q:, urn!pos jo uo!ieuuoj aw s! a~durexa paldqs aqL 'Iwau!ur aw uuoj jell) ~uauoduro:,
aq u!muo:, ~a%uol ou m lale~ aw uaqm 'wd u! 'pauxq am splau!ur asau '(I-I-~ alqe~) au!m uaploH
aw yw!m padasqo uaaq aAeq teqa sIwau!ur &pumas jo sad,Q aw paqu3sap osle 1-9 uo!PasqnS
.Qs!uraq3 lalefi oi sndsplaj um!smod plre
aipIBg JO suo!inqquos aA!ieIar aqa ain!pq pinom urn!smod oi um!31e:, jo so!ler jo uospedurm 'aldma
a'aoqv aqa UI 'pa!ldv s! ssamd amos uomm e 'm[!.@s are solier aqj! inq 'quaurala Jaqao pue alqlns
jo suogwua3um m~!ur!ss!p aAvq Aeur srale~ iualagp om^ .&s!maq:, Jaiefi au!ur 03 %ylnqquo:, aq
bur slwaqru qqqm pueszapun 01 1001 e se pasn s! quaurala law0 oi aivjIns jo sow aqa jo uos!mduro3
'ajejlns JO UO! auo qmur p~nom um!swod jo suo! om lo urn!qe3jo uo! auo 'pa~loss!p %u!aq aram aiple:,

• Predicted saturation indices (SI) for any mineral possibly in equilibrium with the
solution. If log(S1) is greater than 0, the solution is defined as saturated with respect to
that mineral, meaning that the mineral may be in contact with the solution or
precipitating. If log(SI)

63.1.1 Sulfide Mineral Oxidation
The dominant source process controlling release of inorganic constituents at the Holden Mine is expected
to be the oxidation of iron sulfide minerals, which releases oxidized iron and acidity (Figure 6.3-1).
Oxygen is the typical oxidizing agent due to its abundance in the atmosphere. However, it is also a very
significant control on the rate of weathering of sulfide minerals. It can limit the rate of weathering if it
cannot be re-supplied at a greater rate than the maximum rate of oxidation. The role of oxygen supply is
discussed further in Subsection 6.5.1 under the description of the chemical processes in the individual
sources.
The overall process is summarized by Equation (6-1) above, but it is usually described as occurring in
three steps:
Oxidation of sulfde to sulfate. The first step results in the formation of soluble iron(I1)
sulfate weathering products on the surfaces of the iron sulfide mineral (Figure 6.3-1).
The types of mineral formed depend on composition of groundwaters in contact with the
mineral and the overall humidity. The reaction is catalyzed by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria
(for example, thiobacill~. Acidity formed may be entrained in the initial oxidation
product or dissolved in groundwaters in contact with the sulfide minerals; In some cases,
oxidation of sulfur to sulfate may be incomplete resulting in, form'ation of elemental
sulfur. The overall reaction can be summarized as:
Oxidation of iron(I4 to iron(ZZ4. The second stage is catalyzed by iron-oxidizing
bacteria (e.g., Thiobacillw ferrooxidans), and is the rate-determining step for the
complete oxidation of iron sulfide. The oxidation may occur in minerals containing
iron@) or by oxidation of groundwaters containing iron(I1). The process consumes
acidity:
Hydrolysis of iron(I.4. The final stage involves formation of ferric hydroxide. The
reaction is rapid and produces further acidity:
The final step only occurs at pH>3. Under stronger acidic conditions (pH

Another iron sulfide mineral at the Holden Mine is pyrrhotite @el-$). This mineral is commonly more
reactive than pyrite (MEND 1991) but the reaction products are similar. Sulfur may be incompletely
oxidized to elemental sulfur rather than sulfate.
The dominant copper mineral at the Holden Mine is chalcopyrite. It oxidizes by similar processes,
releasing acid, sulfate and copper to solution:
Chalcopyrite is less readily oxidized than pyrrhotite or pyrite (MEND 1991).
Like iron, copper will precipitate due to hydrolysis:
This reaction occurs most at a higher pH (4.0) than iron and produces a precipitate.
63.1.2 Oxidative Dissolution
Oxidative dissolution refers to the breakdown of other minerals by oxidizing their individual components
(Figure 6.3-2). It is an important mechanism for release of heavy metals from other types of sulfide
minerals (at the Holden Mine, primarily sphalerite and chalcopyrite). These minerals may not oxidize
rapidly when exposed to atmospheric oxygen alone but when exposed to the strongly acidic solutions .
generated by oxidation of pyrite can be oxidized by dissolved iron(III):
Sphaleiite can also be oxidized directly by air:
ZnS + 202 + zn2+ + SO? (6-1 1)
A third mechanism of oxidative dissolution occurs when two different minerals with different rest
potentials are in contact and form an electrical cell with one mineral acting as the cathode and the other as
the anode (Kwong, 1995). If sphalerite (Rest Potential -240 mV) is on .contact with pyrite (630 mV),
oxidation of sphalerite occurs preferentially, and pyrite is protected from oxidation. Sphalerite acts as the
anode undergoing oxidation:
ZnS + zn2' + So + 2e- (6- 12)
This process only occurs in sulfide deposits where there is a strong electrical connection between sulfide
grains.
63.13 Acid-Consuming Minerals
The water produced by weathering of sulfide minerals is typically acidic (pH

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If water flow is available to dissolve weathering products on, a mineral surface, then the rate of flow and
flow variability become important considerations. At the Holden Mine, flow of water is highly variable
and results in significant seasonal variations in water quality associated with the source areas. These
variations are illustrated conceptually in Figure 6.3-3. The sequence is shown as beginning in summer
because this typically represents the time when accumulation of weathering products on mineral surfaces
begins after extensive leaching by melt-waters in the spring. Summer is typically a dry season when little
water infiltrates onto the surfaces of sources except during rain-storms. Under these conditions,
weathering products accumulate on the surfaces of sulfide minerals but are not leached. Seepage water
quality under these conditions typically represents groundwater baseflow, with little or no contribution
from surface water drainage.
In the fall, rainfall leads to infiltration of water on and into rock piles. The downward moving flow front
dissolves weathering products that accumulated in the summer. The flow front contacts buffering
minerals and pH increases. Since the water flow rate is relatively low and slow, conditions are optimal
for raising pH by contact with weaker buffering minerals (such as silicates).
In the winter, the formation of snow-pack ties up the moisture and causes flow to decrease again, and
weathering products again begin to accumulate on mineral surfaces.
Melting of the snowpack in spring leads to the release of relatively large volumes of water and thorough
flushing (though never complete) of weathering products From mineral surfaces. The resulting solutions
are acidic and contain high solute concentrations. Buffering minerals may be less effective in the spring
than in the fall due to the inability to fully react with solute because the water is relatively fast moving.
As the melt event proceeds, solute loads and concentrations both increase. However, as weathering
products are leached, it is possible for concentrations and loads to gradually decrease. This may occur in
thin relatively coarse deposits such as waste rock where leaching can be nearly complete and not
constrained by solubility of secondary minerals.
I
I 633 Natural Metal Removal Processes
Weathering and leaching of mine workings, waste rock or tailings results in water with variable pH
(depending on the degree of acid consumption) and elevated sulfate and metal concentrations. These
leachates are produced in oxidizing to reducing elivironrnents by relatively slow moving groundwaters.
Upon exiting the areas, the leachates are exposed to contact with an unlimited supply of oxygen,
atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, and mixing with dilute and frequently alkaline waters. Since
these conditions differ from those in which the leachates formed, the solution chemistry adjusts
(equilibrates) to the new condition. The following sections discuss these re-equilibration processes and
the effect they have on concentrations of heavy metals in solution.
The processes described include:
Dilution.
pH Control.
Eh control.
Efflorescence.
\\DM-SEA I\VOL 1\COMMOMWP\~~\boldeb2\n~.dae 6- 1 3
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27.1999;4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Co-precipitation.
Sorption.
633.1 Description of Processes
Dilution
During the mixing of waters of different origins, the mass of some chemical parameters in solution may
be conserved due to the lack of processes resulting in loss from solution. The concentration in the mixed
solution reflects that the total mass is constant but contained in a different volume of water. The resulting
concentration, C, produced can be calculated from:
The concentrations and water quantit,ies for the two mixed solutions are CA, CB, and QA, QB, respectively.
Conservation of mass allows the origin of mixed waters to be evaluated. It can also be used to evaluate
the reliability of the water balance by performing a mass balance.
Chemical parameters for which the above calculation is reliable are referred to as "conservative." No
parameters are conservative under all conditions since mixing may produce a change in pH or Eh
(oxidation/reduction potential) that could conceivably cause precipitation. However, in the context of
mining environments, some elements can be regarded as conservative. Under oxidizing, relatively dilute
conditions, sulfate is conserved. Sulfate is non-conservative when an acid water containing high
. concentrations of sulfate mixes with a solution containing high concentrations of calcium. Hydrated
calcium sulfate (or gypsum) is precipitated when both calcium and sulfate are removed from solution.
Similarly, calcium is removed from solution, and is non-conservative. Calcium is even less conservative
than sulfate because it is readily dissolved from a variety of common rock types containing carbonate.
Magnesium also suffers from similar limitations to calcium except that its sulfate (epsomite) is more
soluble than calcium sulfate and is less likely to be precipitated from solution containing high sulfate
concentrations. It is also less common than calcium as a readily soluble constituent in common rock
types though it also occurs in carbonate rocks as dolomite and magnesite.
, Anions of the halogen elements (fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide) can also be conservative due to the
relatively high solubility of their compounds. The main limitation is that their concentrations are usually
not high enough in mine waters to be detected.
Most heavy elements are not conservative because other fate processes described below affect them. Zinc
often shows quasi-conservative behavior because its hydroxide is relatively soluble under typical natural
water conditions. However, it is co-precipitated when hydroxides of iron and aluminum precipitate.
For the Holden Mine, magnesium has been identified as a useful conservative element downstream of
potential mine-influenced sources.
\WM-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~W)~\holdca-2jnW.k 6- 14
17693405419UuIy 27. 1999,4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

pH Control on Precipitation/Dissolntion
Change in pH is probably the most important mechanism controlling the initial fate of metals in mine
drainage. As described in Section 6.2.1, mine drainage often has a pH of less than 4 due to oxidation of
sulfide minerals. As the acidic leachates contact buffering sources (minerals) and mix with alkaline
waters, the pH increases. The stability of minerals is defined in part by pH. For example, the stability of
aluminum hydroxide in terms of pH can be defined based on the reaction:
The equilibrium constant for the reaction is:
This defines the relationship between pH (-log aH+) and aluminum activity (am+) which in turn can be
used to calculate part of the pH-activity diagram shown in Figure 6-3.4. Note that activities (a) are
determined from concentrations adjusted using activity coefficients (y), for example:
Other reactions define other parts of the curve:
The outcome of this diagram is that as an acidic solution evolves in pH by contact with aluminum-
containing minerals, pH increases and aluminum also increases (see hypothetical trajectory). Eventually,
the stability line for aluminum hydroxide is reached and aluminum hydroxide precipitates. As long as
aluminum hydroxide is in contact with the solution, the trajectory then follows the curve down as pH
increases further (for example, if the water mixes with another alkaline water). Aluminum concentrations
decrease as aluminum hydroxide precipitates. This is a very common effect at mine sites as demonstrated
by the occurrence of white precipitates within the 1 500-level main portal drainage (Figure 6.1 - 1 a). Figure
6.3-4(a) shows aluminum concentrations on a log scale to illustrate the curve. Figure 6.3-4(b) shows the
same diagram on an arithmetic scale to illustrate that once the curve is intersected, and pH continues to
increase, aluminum concentrations decrease very rapidly, becoming "undetectable" by pH 5.
Similar curves can be drawn for other common precipitates such as red ferric hydroxide (Figure 6.3-5)
and green basic copper carbonate. When carbonates form, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide also
affects the pH and the type of mineral that form. For example, under atmospheric conditions, the stable
basic copper carbonate is malachite, but at higher carbon dioxide pore pressures, azurite will form.
The pH changes therefore control the fate. of dissolved potential contaminants by causing them to
precipitate. Reversals in pH also cause dissolution by the same processes.
\\oM-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~W)~pma\hoIdm-2\nW.doc 6- 1 5
1769MO5019Uuly 21,1999.4:ll PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Eh Control on Preeipitation/Dissolntion
Eh describes the oxidation state of a constituent. Unlike pH which refers to the actual activity of
hydrogen ions in a water, Eh does not refer to concentration of any particular ion. The oxidation state is
defined by the balance between oxidation/reduction couples (in mine waters most commonly ~ e~'l~e~3:
where:
e- is an electron.
The equilibrium constant is:
Fez+ = Fe3+ + e-
Since k is constant, the ratio of activities of the iron ions defines a, which is proportional to Eh.
Like pH, the stability of minerals can be defined in terms of Eh. Eh-pH diagrams are often constructed to
show the stability of minerals and ions. If a mineral and dissolved ion are in contact and in equilibrium,
the pH and Eh is constrained to the line shown on the pH-Eh diagram. In Figwe 6.3-6, the line between
Fe2' and FeOOH is defined by the half reaction:
Fez' + 2H20 + FeOOH + 3H' + e- (6-25)
The e- indicates that an electron has been lost due to oxidation of FqI) to Fe(1II). The reaction shows
that the slope on the Eh-pH diagram is negative as shown in Figure 6.3-6 (assuming a fixed total iron
concentration).
The electron can be taken up by any oxidizing species, for example oxygen (02):
These diagrams can be used to explain the evolution of tailings groundwater. At the surface of the
tailings, the sulfide minerals oxidize to produce acidic groundwater containing dissolved iron. At the
surface, the presence of oxygen could allow Fe(I1) and Fe(II1) to be in equilibrium. As the water
infiltrates into the tailings mass, only ~ e is ~ stable. ' If neutralizing minerals are present, the pH will
increase while Eh is decreasing. Alumino-silicate buffering constrains pH to between 4 and 5. If the
porewater mixes with oxygenated groundwater (e-g., water in contact with a fast-flowing surface stream),
the Eh increases, and eventually the solution reaches the line defining the stability between Fez' and iron
oxyhydmxide. This causes iron oxyhydroxide to precipitate, removing iron from solution. As Eh further
increases, pH will decrease due to the release of H' during precipitation. Eventually, the solution could
be expected to enter the field in which only iron oxyhydroxide is stable.
Efflorescence
Efflorescence refers to the precipitation of minerals due to the evaporation of water. The process is very
commonly observed along the edge of seeps, and mine drainage collection pools and streams during the
\U)M-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~W)S\rrponrUloldm-2\n~.doc
6- 1 6
17693005619Vuly 27. 1999;4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

summer. Efflorescence occurs when water becomes saturated with respect to minerals and nucleation of
crystals can occur. Chemical saturation is defined by the solubility product (k,), which is the equilibrium
constant for reactions such as:
Whether a mineral can be expected to form by efflorescence is determined by the saturation index (SI):
where:
IAP is the ion activity product. If SI is greater than 1, the mineral is expected to
precipitate from the solution. As indicated above, there are kinetic considerations which
prevent precipitation, so solutions can appear over-saturated. SIs are usually expressed as
logs so that the critical value is 0, rather than 1.
Co-precipitation describes the mechanism by which trace metal ions are incorporated into the structure of
precipitating solids (Figure 6.3-7). It is a very important process during pH andlor Eh changes, which
cause precipitation of aluminum, manganese and iron oxyhydroxides. The trace metals may be present at
concentrations well below those required to precipitate their own hydroxides but the rapid precipitation
processes allow the elements to be incorporated into the structure due to their similar physica-chemical
properties. Evidence of the process is commonly observed in the analysis of iron precipitates. Examples
of elements affected by co-precipitation include copper, zinc, cadmium, cobalt, manganese and arsenic.
Sorption
Sorption describes surface charge effects that allow trace elements to be precipitated at lower
concentrations than predicted based purely on the solubility of their oxides and hydroxides. The results
are often indistinguishable from co-precipitation. However, sorption involves the trace elements
attaching to the surface of iron and manganese oxyhydroxides after the oxyhydroxides have formed rather
than during their formation. The process is common in stream beds where iron and manganese
oxyhydroxides coat sediments. It is commonly observed that iron and manganese concentrations in fine
stream sediments are very strongly correlated with concentrations of trace metals due to sorption.
Sorption refers to numerous complex surface processes, which are specific to each substrate. However,
the main control is pH because the sorptive surfaces undergo charge reversal at a certain PH refeked to as
the zero-point-of-charge (zpc). The surfaces are positively charged as pHpH,. Above pH, cations are therefore attracted to the surfaces. Figure 6.3-8 illustrates some
typical curves showing amount adsorbed on goethite versus pH for several elements. The upper part of
the curve represents near 100 percent adsorption. As shown, the transition from negligible to near
complete adsorption occurs over a pH range of about 2 units. Sorption occurs onto organic materials and
organisms (plants and animals). Intake of trace elements by plants and bacteria may occur.
\V)M-SMI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~W~pom\boLdm-2\n~.doc
6- 1 7
17693-005-0Irmuly 27,1999,4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL it1 REPORT

6.4.1 Evidence of Iron Sulfide Mineral Oxidation
Sulfate is the best indicator of oxidation processes because oxidation of iron sulfides (pyrite and
pyrrhotite) (Figure 6.3-1) and oxidative dissolution of heavy metal sulfides (Figure 6.3-2) produce
secondary iron sulfate salts. Iron is also released when pyrite and pyrrhotite are oxidized; it is only useful
as an indicator of iron sulfide oxidation in low pH (Fe). This implies that the
seep waters from tailings piles 2 and 3 are comparable to tailings pile 1, but more dilute due to mixing
with Railroad Creek. It would be expected that the downstream waters in Railroad Creek (for example,
RC-2 would 1ie.exactly on this trend (i.e., Fe increasing with respect to SO4 while Fe/SO.,

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to the underground mine workings, residual concentrates in the abandoned mill building and waste rock
piles.
Based on this information, chalcopyrite is considered the primary mineral source of copper in Site waters.
The abundance of available chalcopyrite is an important limitation on copper concentrations in seeps, as
discussed later in this section.
6.4.4 Evidence of Acid-Buffering by Minerals
Assuming that acid production is represented by sulfate, the effect of acid-buffering can be evaluated by
comparing sulfate concentrations with alkali and alkali earth elements commonly associated with acid-
buffering minerals. At the Holden Mine, these minerals include carbonates containing calcium and
magnesium (in marbles), calc-silicate rocks, and alumin+silicates containing magnesium (chlorite, micas,
hornblende), calcium (hornblende, plagioclase feldspars), potassium ,(biotite, sericite) and sodium
(hornblende, plagioclase, clays). Comparison of sulfate with potassium, magnesium, calcium, and
sodium, as well as inter-comparisons for the elements can indicate the types of buffering reactions
occurring.
Calcium is probably the most ubiquitous element (after silicon) as it occurs in plagioclase, diopside and
hornblende. Plagioclase is a major component of all rock types.
Calcium shows a strong correlation with sulfate.(Figure 6.4-6), though tailings pile 1 shows a different
relationship than the other water sources. The calcium to sulfate ratio is approximately 0.5, except for
tailings pile 1 (0.2). The constant ratios are consistent with leaching reactions of the type for calcic
plagioclase:
The difference for tailings pile 1 suggests that leachate chemistry is controlled by different mineralogy or
that the lower pH,is allowing different minerals to react with the acidity.
Magnesium is also a ubiquitous element occurring in several minerals (hornblende, biotite and chlorite).
The ratio between sulfate and magnesium is nearly constant for the whole Site (MglS044.2, Figure 6.4-
7). Railroad Creek waters show a decreasing ratio of magnesium to sulfate, consistent with mixing of the
higher magnesium background surface waters with higher sulfate mine waters. The very strong
relationship between magnesium and sulfate indicates a ubiquitous buffering reaction by magnesium and
aluminum containing minerals (e.g., biotite), for example:
The value of x is less than 1. The same reaction could be written for chlorite or hornblende, both of
which are also common minerals at the Holden Mine Site. Evidence that biotite is an important buffering
control is shown by the relationship between potassium and magnesium (Figure 6.4-8). For the 1500-
level portal drainage, the ratio of potassium to magnesium averages 0.33 which is consistent with
buffering by biotite with x near 1 (i.e., 3 moles of magnesium for each mole of potassium) or additional
17693405419Uuly 27,1999,4:11 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

uffering by other magnesium-based minerals lacking potassium such as chlorite. The lower potassium
to magnesium ratio for tailings piles 1 and 2 indicates that bioite is less significant. This is consistent
with the presence of diabase, which has little biotite or sericite.
Comparison of sulfate and aluminum also supports the general conclusion of buffering by alumino-
silicates (Figure 6.4-9); however, aluminum concentrations are lowered by aluminum hydroxides
precipitation, hence the relationship is only stable at higher sulfate and lower pH.
In summary, abundant alumino-silicates (calcic plagioclase, biotite and possible chlorite) are involved in
buffering acid produced by oxidation of iron sulfide minerals.
6.4.5 Evidence of Metal Attenuation
Secondary mineral precipitation controls can be examined principally by comparing metal concentrations
with pH. Further discussion of mineral solubility controls using MINTEQA2 (Allison et al. 1991) is
provided in Section 6.5 for each of the water quality monitoring locations.
The relationship between iron and pH indicates a strong negative correlation (Figure 6.4-10). Lower pHs
(

The pH to copper relationship (Figure 6.4-12) shows some indication of pH controls. Copper is higher in
concentration in the west area of the site than the east area The abandoned mill building, portal drainage
and waste rock piles indicate a negative correlation between copper and pH implying a constraint on
copper concentrations for these data. In comparison, much lower copper concentrations are seen in the
tailings pile seeps. The data do not have sufficient pH range to demonstrate a relationship between
copper and pH, though tailings pile 1 has lower copper concentrations at higher pH. The tailings pile data
probably indicate a limit to the availability of copper in the tailings but also possibly indicate the effects
of co-precipitation of ferric hydroxides. In the case of limited copper availability in tailings, the
correlation of pH and copper reflects only the increased leaching of copper by stronger acidic solutions.
Copper concentrations in surface waters of Railroad Creek are very low and do not appear to be
controlled by the solubility of copper secondary minerals. Coprecipitation and adsorption on iron
coatings and other materials on stream sediments is expected to attenuate copper concentrations in stream
waters.
The plot of pH and zinc (Figure 6.4-13) is similar to copper except that the mill building, portal drainage
and waste rock piles appear to have relatively stable zinc concentrations (between 0.1 and 1 mg/L). This
may imply a mineral solubility constraint, although zinc minerals are far more soluble than indicated by
these data. The tailings pile data appear to indicate a limit to the availability of zinc, as zinc would be
expected to occur at much higher concentrations in low pH water (by extrapolation of the pH to zinc trend
for the mill building, portal drainage, and waste rock piles). The correlation of zinc and pH may, like
copper, be caused by co-precipitation of zinc with ferric hydroxides, with the effect decreasing as pH
decreases. Comparison of sulfate and aluminum also supports the general conclusion of buffering by
alumino-silicates (Figure 6.4-9) shown by examination of magnesium and potassium concentrations.
Sulfate is correlated with aluminum at high aluminum and sulfate concentrations indicating that
generation of acid, represented by sulfate results in attack on alumino-silicates releasing gluminurn in
proportion to acidity. However, aluminum concentrations are lowered by aluminum hydroxides
precipitation, hence the relationship is only stable at higher sulfate and lower pH. Aluminum is removed
rather than sulfate as pH increases introducing scatter in the relationship between the parameters in Figure
6.4-9.
The cadmium to pH relationship is similar to Zn-'pH indicating that zinc and cadmium show similar
geochemical behavior (Figure 6.4-14).
Water chemistry indicates that pH is controlled by the formation of amorphous hydroxide precipitates of
iron and aluminum. The formation of these precipitates constrains pH, which allows copper to remain in
solution, but precipitation also allows attenuation by co-precipitation and provides a substrate for
adsorption.
6.4.6 Conclusions
Evaluation of water chemistry indicates that geochemical behavior consistent with the well-known
processes discussed in Section 6.3 is occurring throughout the Holden Mine Site. Conclusions from this
section are as follows:
Consistent geochemical processes are occurring throughout the Site, specifically iron
sulfide oxidation, sphalerite and chalcopyrite oxidation, buffering and metal attenuation.
17693005019Uuly 27.1999.4:ll PM;DRAFT RNAL RI REPORT

The geochemistry of Site waters is generally consistent with oxidation of pyrite and
pyrrhotite to release sulfate, iron and acid. The molar ratio of sulfate to iron in acidic
solutions is consistent with the ratios in the minerals. Oxidation of iron sulfides is the
main source of sulfate in the waters. Iron solubility is controlled by pH.
Oxidation of sphalerite results in the release of zinc, cadmium and probably manganese.
The low concentration of sphalerite in all 'of the tailings piles due to ore processing
results in relatively low zinc concentrations in seepage water.
Oxidation of chalcopyrite results in the release of copper. The abundance of chalcopyrite
is an important limitation. The tailings piles contain very little chalcopyrite (due to ore
processing) and therefore seeps fiom the tailings piles contain relatively low copper
concentrations. Copper concentrations in surface water of Railroad Creek are low and
are not controlled by the solubility of copper secondary minerals, but rather by sorption
processes.
Buffering of acidity produced by sulfide oxidation is occurring by the reaction of waters
with alumino-silicates. The main silicates involved in the reaction appear to be calcic
plagioclase, biotite and possibly chlorite. The contribution of these minerals is indicated
by the correlation of calcium, magnesium, potassium and aluminum concentrations with
sulfate and each other.
Since alumino-silicates are ubiquitous and abundant, buffering occurs close to the source
of acid generation.
The release of aluminum by an acid reaction with alumino-silicates results in an
important control on pH. precipitation of aluminum hydroxide controls pH at 4.5. This
limits the solubility of some metals (e.g., iron) but also allows pH to be low enough to
allow copper, zinc and other metals to remain in solution. This in turn allows metals to
reach Railroad Creek with little attenuation.
The comparison of sulfate and aluminum supports the general conclusion of buffering by
alumino-silicates; however, aluminum concentrations are lowered by aluminum
hydroxide precipitation, hence the relationship is only stable at higher sulfate and lower
pH.
6.5 GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES
This section presents difference,of the processes that are occurring in different parts of the Site and that
reflect unique characteristics associated with specific sources. The differences in processes at these
source areas are generally related to the movement of air and the movement of water. Air movement is a
fundamental process controYfactor because it is regulates the degree to which oxidation occurs. If oxygen
is readily available, oxidation is not limited by oxygen supply but can occur at a rate dictated by the
properties of the minerals. Water movement is also an important controlling factor because it controls the
dissolution and transport of weathering products. ~easonal'variations in water flow also control variations
in load release of drainage waters that discharge to Railroad Creek.
\U)MMSEA IWOL ~ \ C O M M O M W R ~ ~ \ ~ O I ~ P I - ~ \ ~ ~ ~ ~ . Q ~
6-24
17693-005-019Uuly 27.1999;4:11 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

'
6.5.1 Air and Water Movement Associated with the Honeymoon Heights and Mine Support
Areas
The Honeymoon Heighti and Mine Support areas include the underground mine, waste rock piles,
abandoned mill building and maintenance yard. Each source area is described below.
6.5.1.1 Underground Mine Processes
Air Movement
The underground mine contains specific physical features which control the weathering and leaching of
surfaces within the mine (Figure 6.5-1):
Several portals are partially open to open (300-, 1 loo-, 1500-level main, and 1500-level
ventilator); however, only the lowest portal (1500 level main) is discharging water on a
year round basis.
No major vertically-oriented surface openings such as "glory holes" (openings to the
ground surface) or shafts exist.
The mine is flooded below the 1500 level, and the majority of the stopes below the 1500-
level have been backfilled.
All of the stopes above the 1500 level are not backfilled.
An important feature of the underground mine is that it was reported to have a consistent internal
temperature of 50°F (McWilliams, 1958), likely due to the geothermal gradient. This is an important
factor to the availability and supply of oxygen for oxidation in the underground mine.
In the summer, it has been observed that air both enters and exits the mirie at the 300-, 1 loo-, and 1500-
level portals. This is likely due to the sinking of cool, dense air in the mine when the outside temperature
is above 50°F, an effect resulting in air being drawn into the mine at other locations (i.e., 300-level), and
rising of less dense air when the outside temperature is below 50°F. Air flow through the mine is also
assumed to be caused by changes in barometric pressure. The air movement probably leads to
oxygenation of relatively near surface workings as shown in Figure 6.5- 1.
Winter is the likely time of relatively high air movement in the underground mine due to the significant
temperature difference between the external environment and the mine (Figure 6.5-2). The average
difference is estimated to be 30°F. As a result, warm air in the mine rises drawing air in through the
lower portals and causing venting from the upper part of the mine. These conditions allow oxygen to
penetrate into the workings resulting in oxidation of sulfide minerals and accumulation of weathering
products through the winter. Stopes farther back within the mine probably experience relatively stagnant
air conditions with relatively low oxygen concentrations and thus limited oxidation of sulfide minerals.
Flooded stopes below the water table remain permanently inaccessible to oxygen.
In the spring, airflow reduces as external temperature increases and the external temperatures and mine
temperatures are within 10°F (Figure 6.5-3).
-
17693405-01 9Udy 27,1999;4: 11 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Water Flow
. The mine drainage area encompasses the underground mine, 1500-level main portal, 1100-level mine, and
the 1500-level ventilator portal. The anticipated transport pathways for these areas are shown on Figure 6.5-
4. Conceptual flowpaths for spring conditions (snowmelt period, roughly May to June) from the mine
workings has been observed primarily from the 1500-level main portal, with relatively minor discharges
from the 1 100-level portal and the 1500-level ventilator portal. Mine water discharge occurring fiom any of
the surface exposures of faults or shear zones which intersect the orebody have not been observed.
In the spring, snowmelt enters near-surface discontinuities in the bedrock south of the Site and flows
downward through the open stopes above the 1500-level of the underground mine. Infiltrating groundwater
flows through mineralized but unmined portions of the mine and contacts residual mineralization on rock
faces of the stopes and tunnels. The water emerges at the 1500-level main portal (portal drainage), flows
overland, and discharges to Railroad Creek. Infiltration to groundwater in the alluvium/reworked till may
occur during overland flow transport which eventually reaches Railroad Creek as baseflow. The 1500-level
main portal drainage and potential loading contribution is fiuther discussed below under Portal Drainage.
Infiltration from upslope run-on also seasonally perches in the 1100-level tunnel which then emerges as
Seep A-1. This water infiltrates the surfaces of the 800- and 1 100-level waste rock piles. An intermittent
seep was observed near the base of the 800-level waste rock pile; the seep was sampled as it entered the
intermittent drainage (SP-14 lower). The intermittent drainage then eventually infiltrates colluvium and
glacial till and is assumed to discharge into the Railroad Creek as baseflow; however, it is not known for
certain whether seep SP-23 is the discharge point for the infiltrated water hm the intermittent drainage; see
Section 6.5.1.4 for further discussion.
The 1500-level ventilator portal is located approximately one-half mile west of the 1500-level main portal
(Figures 6.1-la). As mentioned in Section 4.1.3.2, a civil survey of the 1500-level ventilator portal
indicated that the opening is approximately 20 feet higher in elevation than the 1500-level main portal. In
addition, continuous flow measurements collected by a data logger installed at the 1500-level main portal
(as discussed in Section 4.3.3.6) indicate relatively rapid and significant responses (within approximately
one day) to precipitation events, which suggests that the pool behind the dammed portal is relatively low.
Also, as discussed in Section 6.5.1.4, the chemistry of the water sampled at the 1500-level ventilator portal
indicated very dilute concentrations of metals when compared with the 1500-level main portal drainage (P-
I). Consequently, it is likely that the water observed flowing from the 1500-level ventilator portal is
meteoric groundwater seeping out of the glacial soil through which the portal was noted to have been
timbered for the first 300 feet.
In the event that the water was actually backed up behind the failed portion of the 1500-level main portal to
a level that would allow water to flow from the 1500-level ventilator portal, the water would not likely flow
out of the opening but more likely would drain down through the "300 feet of gravels" noted on the mine
map. In such an event, water would most likely flow through the subsurface into Railroad Creek
downstream of the ventilator portal. A seep was observed below the 1500-level ventilator portal (SP-26).
However, as discussed in Section 6.5.1.4, the chemistry of the SP-26 water indicated very dilute
concentrations of metals when compared with the 1500-level main portal drainage (P-1), and SP-26 likely
reflects meteoric water affected by an abandoned surface water retention area with tailings materials, and
\~DM~SUI\VOLI\COMMOMWRwpbu~~boIdcn-2\nW.da 6-26
17693005019Uuly 27.1999,4:11 WRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

not originating h m the underground mine. As noted later in this section, no other unaccounted sources of
metals loading are noted in Railroad Creek between RC-6 (upstream of Seep SP-26) and RC-4 (downstream
sampling station). .
In July and August, influx of water into the mine is assumed to be, on average, significantly less than
during the snowmelt period. By fall, the influx of water into the mine from upslope is assumed to be
entirely from rainfall. As these months experience lower precipitation, overland flow through the 800-
and 1100-level waste rock piles is significantly reduced. Seeps downslope from Honeymoon Heights
were noted to flow only in response to rainfall events during the fall 1997 field program.
Underground Mine Water Chemistry
Comparison of seepage chemistry from the Honeymoon Heights drainage area suggests that the upslope
waters, represented by seep SP- 14 (which includes SP-14, SP- 14 Lower, and SP- 14 Upper), have been only
moderately influenced by the mine or natural occurrences of mineralization. Metals and sulfate
concentrations for seep SP-14 appear to be chemically comparable to other waters at the Site, but with
significant dilution (pH: 4.5 to 6.1, Cu: a to 1410 pgL, Zn:5 to 1610 p a, S04:a.5 to 22 m@). Seep
A-I, collected from the 1100-level portal, appears to have little or no influence from the mineralized
bedrock (Cu: 120 p a, Zn: 257 pgL, Cd: 2.3 pa, S04:40 mg/L) and does not reflect water quality of the
mine pool as noted at the 1500-level main portal drainage (P-1). Water from this seep appears to be derived
from rainwater and snowmelt that infiltrates through the overlying surficial materials to the adit.
The only direct indicator of underground water chemistry and processes is provided by the 1500-level
main portal drainage (P-1). However, comparisons of portal drainage water quality with water quality
data collected from other sources indicated that the portal drainage water chemistry most closely
- resembles the water draining from the mill building. The USGS (personal communication with Jim
Kilburn, 1999) indicated that numerous typical secondary sulfate minerals were identified in the mill
, building in 1995 and 1996 (Table 6.1-1). These minerals contain iron, copper, zinc, manganese,
aluminum and sulfate and vary from highly soluble to sparingly soluble (Alpers et al. 1994). The minerals
are formed when concentrated groundwaters derived from contact with oxidizing mineral concentrates
and residual ore become chemically over-saturated with minerals. This can occur by mixing of different
solutions and evapo-concentration.
By comparison, the same minerals are probably present in the underground mine. This is a reasonable
assumption since the mine probably contains exposures of ore-type material which could not be extracted
due to requirements for ground support, or because the volume was not justified by mining economics.
Sulfates are formed on the walls of the underground mine by oxidation and are then rinsed during
flushing events. Evaporation of water during drier periods (primarily winter) allows the salts to
accumulate.
Experience at other underground mines within similar geologic conditions indicates that these salts may
be present throughout the mine wherever water emerges and can evaporate such as where fractures and
drill holes intersect mine walls and where water is locally ponded and then drains. Since water flow likely
occurs unpredictably on some fractures and not others, these locations-of stored oxidation products are
randomly distributed. Significant deposits of salts are generally identified opportunistically rather than by
1769M05-019Uuly 27,1999.4:ll PWRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

prediction. Therefore, inspection of the underground workings to identi@ specific types of salts and
accumulations of salts is unlikely to be successful in characterizing the salts because not all parts of the
workings are accessible due to physical barriers (backfill and collapsed workings) and safety concerns
(ground stability, air quality, hidden hazards).
The pathway from the sources to the soluble salts involves contact with the host rocks and mixing with
other waters. The host rocks are primarily composed of alumino-silicates and isolated occurrences of
marble. This results in addition of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, potassium and sodium to the water as
has been observed throughout the Site. The addition of these elements largely occurs in proportion to
sulfate, which is a surrogate for the release of acid. These are expected to be extremely complex
pathways.
Significant seasonal effects are apparent in the 1500-level main portal drainage at station P-1. This is
reflected in pH changes. Lowest pHs are observed in the spring, and pH increases through the summer.
This is accompanied by decreasing aluminum, copper and zinc concentrations, but sulfate does not
change significantly. The lower pH in the spring is probably caused by flushing of acidic salts from rock
surfaces and Fractures in the spring, and by local recharge of pools within the underground mine that have
evaporated through the previous summer and winter. This acid load is less effectively neutralized by
contact with neutralizing minerals and reflects the decreases in pH at the portal. During the summer, pH
increases due to much lower acid load, longer contact times with neutralizing minerals in the underground
mine and mixing with alkaline groundwater, resulting in more complete neutralization.
The minor variations in sulfate concentrations suggest that the source of the water does not change
significantly (that is, the pool within the underground mine continues to supply the water observed at P-
I). The variation in metal concentrations in P-1 drainage is related to the differences in pH, and
precipitation of oxyhydroxides rather than changes in source release. Source release may increase in the
spring due to flushing, as described above, but the pH variations produce the same effect.
A metals-loading analysis of surface water discharging from the portal drainage was performed using the
data collected during the RI. The flow data and chemical data collected from the 1500 level main portal
drainage (station P-1) during the May, July and September 1997 rounds were used in the analysis. A
summary of the chemical data is provided in Section 5 of this report. Historical flow and chemical data
from 1982, 1983, and 1991 were also evaluated for use in the loading analysis; however, the data were
not used in the loading analysis due to the uncertainties associated with the accuracy .of the flow
measurements recorded for these periods.
The results of the loading analysis are shown in Figure 6.5-5. Zinc and copper exhibited similar loading
trends, with the highest loads occurring in May and a decline in concentration through September. Copper
loads are generally lower than zinc and decrease more significantly in the late summer and fall. Data
indicate that the dissolved iron loads discharged at the portal are approximately one order of magnitude less
than corresponding zinc loads and continue to decrease to September.
sulfate loads were approximately one order of magnitude greater than corresponding metal (zinc, copper,
iron) loads. The patterns of sulfate discharge are very similar to those observed for the metals. The mass of
\U)M-SEAI\VOLl\COMMON\WP\~W)~\boIdm-2\n7M).doc
6-28
17693-005-01 9Uuly 27.1999,4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

sulfate discharged from the portal greatly exceeds the mass of copper, zinc, iron and cadmium discharged at
any given time.
6.5.1.2 Waste Rock Piles
Air Movement
Like mine workings, differences in temperature are important considerations in determining weathering
processes (Figure 6.5-6). In summer, the interior of the pile is anticipated to be cooler than the ambient
temperature and there is no process to drive oxygen deep into ihe pile. Oxygen enters the pile from the
surface driven by diffusion leading to oxidation in the immediate pile surface only.
The decrease in temperatures in the winter potentially creates optimal conditions for convective air flow
(Figure 6.5.-6). Warmer temperatures in the pile &e created by heat generated by the oxidation processes.
The temperature difference allows air to be drawn into the base of the pile providing further oxygen for
oxidation. The process is self-perpetuating and indicates that winter can result in significant increases in
internal temperatures. This also allows oxidation rates to accelerate and encourages weathering products
to accumulate.
In the spring, melting of snow results in flushing of accumulated salts by cold water (Figure 6.5-6). This
can cool internal temperatures, and coupled with rising ambient temperatures, serves to reduce oxidation
rates.
Water Flow
; The locations of the waste rock piles are shown on Figure 6.1-la. Four waste rock piles are discussed and
include the west and east waste rock piles, and the 800- and 1100-level portal waste rock piles. Waste rock
,
. piles associated with the 300, 500 and 700 portals are located on bedrock and are relatively small. There
was no field evidence of seep discharge or surface water overland flow observed at these piles; therefore,
they are not firther discussed.
In the spring, upslope snowrnelt run-on flows as overland flow and infiltrates on the slopes south of the
waste rock piles and within each rock pile. Weathering products accumulated during the winter are leached.
In general, groundwater moves downslope in the alluviaYreworked till unit and in the soiVfill material,, and
, discharges either as seep overland flow or as goundwater baseflow into Railroad Creek (Figure 6.5-4).
The spring conceptual groundwater flow path is to the north and northeast from the waste rock piles toward
the intermittent drainage for the 800- and 1100-level waste rock piles, and toward Railroad Creek for the
east and west waste rock piles, as shown on Figure 6.5-7. Some portion of groundwater flow is presumably
diverted into the abandoned Railroad Creek channel. Groundwater in the alluvium/till that flows from the
west waste rock pile appears to emerge as intermittent seeps, SP-6 and SP-I SE, and continues as overland
flow to the lagoon (Figures 6.1-3a).
Groundwater from the east waste rock pile appears to emerge as an intermittent seep (SP-8). Surface water
. flow from SP-8 flows overland across tailings pile 1 and is expressed as seep SP-19 before flowing into the
Copper Creek di,version (Figure 6.1-3a).
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decreases also, aiding in the dissolution of any sulfide material present. Metal salts found on the ground
surface and walls of the mill building are the result of the evaporation of metal-bearing water or its
interaction with native materials causing precipitation. Some of the metals become redissolved and
transported from the mill building.
The transport pathways associated with the maintenance yard are shown on Figure 6.5-4. Similar transport
pathways occur as compared to other Site features. Overland flow hm the area drains eventually into the
lagoon (Figure 6.1-3a). Infiltration associated with the maintenance yard area emerges as seep SP-22.
TPH was detected in the maintenance yard soil in a localized area up to two feet below ground surface
(bgs). The area is relatively flat and the primary transport mechanism is assumed to be infiltration from
surface run-on and snowmelt. The adsorption capacity of TPH in soil is assumed to be relatively high due
to the nature of the materials observed (clayey silt), therefore, TPH in soil most likely attenuates with depth
and lateral distance.
6.5.1.4 Downgradient Attenuation of Metals
This subsection qualitatively describes evidence of metal attenuation downgradient of the source areas. The
processes occurring at each location are also indicated by symbol coding (Figure 6.5-9).
Seeps SP-26, SP-23, SP-23B, SP-12 and 1500-Level Ventilator Portal Discharge
Seep SP-26 flows during the spring from the south bank of Railroad Creek downslope of the 1500-level
ventilator portal and a remnant detention pond feature. The analyses of the SP-26 sample detected
(Figure 6.1-3a) pH-neutral water with some alkalinity (10 to 14 mg/L). The chemistry of the water is not
comparable to mine discharge waters. Copper concentrations are 22 to 28 pgL compared to >lo00 p&
(in May) in mine discharge. These concentrations are too low to be controlled by the formation of a
copper carbonate. The copper concentrations possibly originate from the small detention pond that is
speculated to have collected water from the 1500 ventilator portal during backfilling of the underground
mine or from natural mineralization. The detention pond was observed to contain a small quantity, but
SP-26 water is very dilute and most likely represents meltwater.
Seeps SP-23, SP-23B and SP-12 flow during the spring from the south bank of Railroad Creek between
RC-1 and P-5 stations (Figure 6.1-3a). The results of laboratory analyses show many similar chemical
characteristics to waters originating from the mill buildings, mine and waste rock piles. Seeps SP-23 and
23B have pH

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West Waste Rock Pie, Mill Building, and Seeps SP-9 and SP-11
This pathway includes seepage from the west waste rock pile and runoff from the abandoned mill
building that collects in the lagoon (SP-16) before entering Railroad Creek at seeps SP-9 and SP-11
(Figure 6.1-3a). As noted in Section 6i3.2, the chemistry of these waters are all similar indicating weakly
acidic conditions .with pH control by precipitation of aluminum hydroxides and sulfates. Chemistry is
also controlled locally by the formation of femc oxyhydroxides, barite, copper carbonates and sulfates
(antlerite, brochantite, malachite - SP-15E, July 12, 1997), and cupricfemte. The copper minerals were
previously identified by the USGS (personal communication with Jim Kilburn, 1999) (Table 6.1-1) and
during the RI. The weakly acidic seeps at SP-9 and SP-11 contain lower sulfate (44 and 82 mg/L), copper
(3 and 460 p&) and zinc (267 and 2340 pga) concentrations and had higher pH (M.8) than the upslope
seeps. For SP-11, the difference appears to be a dilution effect possibly by mixing with weakly alkaline
runoff water. The increase in pH probably resulted in copper precipitation but did not affect zinc. SP-9 is
further diluted in zinc and copper concentrations.
It appears that this pathway involves both permanent and seasonal removal of metals from solution.
These include:
Permanent removal of iron and aluminum fiom solution due to formation of
oxyhydroxide precipitates (oxidation and precipitation). This is implied by MMTEQA2
calculations and confirmed by field observations.
Probable co-precipitation of other metals with iron and aluminum (copper). Analysis of
precipitates elsewhere on the Site have confirmed that co-precipitation occurs.
Seasonal evaporation at SP-15E resulting in removal of copper from solution by
formation of copper sulfates (efflorescence); these salts were observed. Spring seepage
waters are undersaturated with respect to these minerals, therefore, they will redissolve.
Mixing of alkaline waters with weakly acidic waters resilting in the formation of basic
copper carbonates (malachite). The shift in pH dictates that this will occur.
Contact of weakly acidic waters with carbonate-containing rocks, resulting in the
formation of basic copper carbonates (malachite). Green coatings have been observed on
marble blocks exposed on the surface of the west waste rock pile.
seeps SP-22 to SP-25 and SP-24
Seep SP-22 flows from the slope below the maintenance yard, mill building, and west waste rock pile
(Figure 6.1-3a). The chemistry of the seep resembles other seeps in the vicinity, although when
monitored in May 1997, it had a pH of 6 and weak alkalinity (7 mg/L). MINTEQA2 indicates that the
water is in equilibrium with amorphous aluminum hydroxide. This implies that this water has been
influenced by the same processes occurring in the waste rock piles, but that it has been significantly
diluted rather than mixed with alkaline water or contacted alkaline materials.
Seeps SP-24 and 25 flow from the south bank of Railroad Creek north of seep SP-22. The seeps are
chemically very similar to SP-22 except that the pH is lower. Aluminum concentrations are higher due to
the lower pH. Overall, the chemistry of seeps SP-22, SP-24 and SP-25 are comparable to other seeps in
\\DM_SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWR+. 6-3 3
1769M05019Uuly 27.1999;4:11 PM;DRAFF FINAL RI REPORT

the vicinity with differences probably caused by dilution. Attenuation of metal concentrations appears to
be caused principally by precipitation of aluminum hydroxides. Attenuation by adsorption in soils is not
apparent. Seeps SP-24 and SP-25 may be influenced by the lagoon area.
Seep SP-8 flows from the east waste rock pile and then flows partly overland and subsurface, re-emerging
at SP-19 (Figure 6.1-3a). The differences for magnesium (which acts as a conservative ion)
concentrations between these two points are consistent with dilution by a non-buffering water source
(e.g., snow melt). The water is probably well-oxidized at SP-8 as shown by low iron concentrations.
MMTEQA2 predicts that aluminum minerals would be expected to precipitate. As pH was not observed
to change between the two points (4.6 S.U.), and aluminum concentrations decreased in proportion to
conservative ions, no additional precipitation appears to occur between these points.. I
Significant metal attenuation between SP-8 and SP-19 does not appear to occur.
Seeps SP-19 to SP-1OE and SP-1OW
Seep SP-19 flows' from the western portion of tailings pile 1 into the Copper Creek diversion near the
river sauna (Figure 6.1-3a). Seeps SP- IOE and SP- I OW flow from the south bank of Railroad Creek
north of the river sauna. SP-IOW closely resembles SP-19 and MINTEQA2 predicted similar controlling
conditions. The pH of the water appears to be controlled by aluminum minerals. Conservative ions
indicate that SP-19 and SP-1OW are nearly identical. Zinc and copper concentrations were, however,
lower than other seeps nearby. This implies either that the water mixed with a source containing
comparable sulfate, etc. and very low zinc and copper, or that zinc and copper were adsorbed by contact
with soil.
Seep SP-IOE indicated 20 percent less sulfate, 80 percent less zinc and 64 percent less copper than SP-
1 OW in May 1997. However, pH was 3.3 for SP-1 OE compared to 4.5 for SP- I OW. MMTEQA2 indicate
that SP-IOE water is in equilibrium with iron hydroxide as a result of 14 mg Fe/L. Field measured Eh for
both SP-1OW and SP- 1OE were comparable and indicated that the waters are well-oxidized.
The difference between the SP-IOW and SP-1OE waters could be explained by the mixing of a water
containing high iron concentrations with water of the SP-IOW. If the water contained reduced iron, it
would oxidize and hydrolyze upon emergence (equations 6-5 and 6-6 presented earlier in this section),
buffering pH near 3 and causing ferric hydroxide to precipitate. Copper and zinc would co-precipitate.
The iron-rich water would have to contain less sulfate than SP-IOW to produce the lower sulfate in SP-
10E.
Attenuating mechanisms between seeps SP- 19, SP- I OE and SP- 1 OW include:
Precipitation of aluminum hydroxides (implied by MMTEQA2 and field observations)
Precipitation of ferric hydroxides (implied by MINTEQA2 and field observations)
Co-precipitation of copper and zinc with ferric hydroxides (implied by observations from
elsewhere that indicate ferric hydroxide precipitates also contain these metals)
\\oM-SEAl\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~W)IhpcnrWden-2\nW.doc 6-34
17693-005-019Uuly 27. lm4: 1 1 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
0

Mixing of Seeps with Railroad Creek Water
The seeps flowing into Railroad Creek between station RC-1 and the Copper Creek diversion confluence
(SP23, SP12, SP9, SPll, SP25, SP24, SPIOW, SPIOE) are all acidic to some degree. Therefore,
neutralization will occur upon mixing with the Railroad Creek water. The increase in pH will cause any
remaining aluminum in solution to be precipitated as aluminum hydroxide flocculent. Copper in solution
may precipitate as basic copper carbonate.
6.52 Tailings Piles
6.52.1 Processes in the Tailings Piles
Air Movement
Unlike the underground mine and waste rock piles, oxygen access to the tailings occurs principally by
diffusion. Consequently, seasonal variations in ambient air temperature do not result in transitions
between diffusion and convective air movement (Figure 6.5-11). In tailings deposits, only the
immediately exposed surface of the deposit is usually oxidized because the fine texture limits movement
of air into the mass. However, the fine-grained nature of the tailings results in higher surface areas than
for coarser deposits such as waste rock. During relatively dry periods, oxidation occurs resulting in the
buildup of oxidation products. During wetter periods (typically during snowmelt), saturation of the near
.. surface pores reduces oxygen diffusion but leaches accumulated weathering products.
Water Flow
This section describes the surface water and groundwater transport pathways associated with tailings piles 1,
2, and 3. The conceptual transport pathways are summarized on flow charts presented as Figures 6.5-12
, through 6.5-14. Figure 6.1-3a shows the surface water flow paths over and around the tailings piles.
Figures 6.5-15 and 6.5-16 present conceptual hydrogeologic cross-sections showing anticipated water flow
through and beneath the tailings piles in May and September, respectively.
Surface water infiltrates through the tailings piles as a result of direct precipitation and surface water run-on
from the slopes south of the tailings piles. The potential for infiltration is greatest in the spring when the
snow on the piles and the slopes south of the piles melt, and immediately following significant precipitation
events. The fine-grained nature of the tailings results in relatively low permeability (documented by Hart
Crowser in 1975 and RI data; see Section 4.4-3), which limits the infiltration of water into the piles. The
low permeability of the tailings results in isolated ponding of water on the surfaces of the piles, especially on
tailings piles 2 and 3.
Tailings piles 2 and 3 surface water run-on is collected in ditches on the piles and diverted around tailings
piles 2 and 3 (Figure 6.1-3a). A ditch located adjacent to the upslope access road of tailings pile 3 also
collects and diverts surface water run-on around tailings pile 3. Surface water run-on for tailings pile 1 is
directed into ditches on the pile which convey the run-on to the edges of the piles. The ditches are not lined
and some surface water likely infiltrates into the tailings piles. On tailings pile 1, some of this surface water
is also directed to a decant tower that was observed during the RI to not be completely sealed and provides a
17693005-019Uuly 27.1999.4:Il PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

pathway for water to infiltrate into the pile (Figure 6.1-3a). Surface water h m the Copper Creek diversion
also flows across the westemmost portion of tailings pile 1.
The water that infiltrates tailings migrates downward and accumulates (based on groundwater monitoring)
in the lower portions of the pilesas a thin water-bearing zone (Figures 6.5-15 and 6.5-16). The water within
this zone appears to be perched on a lower permeability layer at the base of the tailings. Evidence of this
layer was observed in test pits completed during the RI. Groundwater elevations in monitoring wells
screened in the tailings indicate that groundwater generally moves to the north toward Railroad Creek
(Figures 6.5-7 and 6.5-8). This water discharges fiom the base of the tailings piles as a series of intermittent
seeps which flow into Railroad Creek.
The differences in water levels in clustered monitoring wells installed in tailings piles 2 and 3 indicate that
the groundwater within the tailings is not in direct hydraulic connection with the groundwater in the
underlying alluvium/reworked till (Figure 6.5-15). The water levels in the monitoring wells screened in the
tailings remain relatively constant throughout the year, only fluctuating approximately 3 feet during the
1997 field season. Water levels in the monitoring wells screened in the alluvium/reworked till underlying
the tailings were observed in several cases to fluctuate more than 20 feet.
In the spring, when the recharge is greatest to the alluviumlreworked till, water levels in this unit increase
relatively rapidly and the groundwater appears to be confined by the overlying low permeability tailings.
This results in an upward vertical hydraulic gradient in the southern portions of the tailings piles which
causes water fiom the alluvium/reworked till to move into the overlying tailings (Figure 6.5-15). In the
northern portions of the piles, the water levels are higher in the tailings than in the alluvium/reworked till
and water moves downward from the tailings into the underlying deposits. As water levels decline in the
summer, the vertical hydraulic gradient reverses beneath the southern portions of the tailings piles and water
within the tailings moves downward into the alluviurn/reworked till (Figure 6.5- 16).
Groundwater within the alluvium/reworked till generally moves in a northerly direction beneath the tailings
piles (Figures 6.5-7 and 6.5-8). In May, the groundwater discharges into a series of seeps that flow into
Railroad Creek. The groundwater also discharges as diffise baseflow into Railroad Creek, as indicated by
the apparent gaining conditions measured in this reach of the stream and the relationship between the water
levels in the alluviumlreworked till which are higher than those observed in the creek. Some of the
discharge to Railroad Creek is believed to occur through the abandoned Railroad Creek channel which is
approximately parallel to the northern edges of the tailings piles. Flow within the abandoned channel is
assumed to move in an easterly direction rather than to the north.
In September, the occurrence of seeps decreases significantly with only a few seeps observed (SP-1, SP-2
and SP-3) and seep flow rates decreasing significantly. In September, the groundwater flow within the
abandoned Railroad Creek channel is evident based on the water levels in the wells near the former channel.
Diffuse groundwater continues to discharge along the base of tailings piles 1 and 2, but portions of the reach
of Railroad Creek near tailings pile 3 appear to be in a losing condition.
Groundwater Chemistry
The geochemistry of tailings groundwater, based on &mples collected and analyzed fmm groundwater
monitoring wells and seeps, is primarily influenced by oxidation of the surface tailings by oxygen entering
\\DM-~EAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~~~~W)SL~~~~~I~~-~\~~~~~Q~
6-36
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999;4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

through diffusion. This is indicated by the presence of a thin oxidized zone in the near surface and
unoxidized tailings at depth. Water moving down through the tailings piles cames sulfate, acidity and
reduced iron. Some of the iron is precipitated in the immediate subsurface as cementation but most of the
iron moves downward in a reduced state. This water moves through the tailings, probably being neutralized
by contact with alumino-silicates as is apparent for the whole Site. This process probably adds additional
iron due to dissolution of hornblende. The extent of this neutralization is controlled by the length of the
flow path. Waters entering the piles along the slopes adjacent to Railroad Creek, Copper Creek, and the
Copper Creek diversion will'have relatively short flow path lengths with little oppomity for neutralization.
For this reason, the chemistry of seeps (SPl, SP2, SP3, SP4, SP5) observed along the toes of the tailings
piles represents mixing of groundwater impacted by water moving downward through the pile over different
flow path lengths.
The observed chemistry of the seeps generally reflects this hypothesis. The seep chemistry of all three piles
is very similar. The differences are in pH and changes in ratios of elements, which imply drift toward
Railroad Creek water chemistry. Seepage water probably mixes with unimpacted groundwater to varying
degrees resulting in dilution of tailings groundwater. The pH changes also cause changes in iron
concentrations, and co-precipitation of heavy metals such as copper, zinc and cadmium. The low pHs
indicate precipitation of ferric hydroxide (see equation 6-6 presented earlier in this section). Internal
groundwater pHs are generally greater than 4 and indicate silicate buffering as observed elsewhere at the
Site.
Specific comments for individual piles are provided below.
Tailings Pile 1
Referring to Section 5 of this report, water chemistry data for monitoring wells (screened in the underlying
surficial materials and within the tailings) and seeps in tailings pile 1 suggest that both affected and natural
groundwaters flow under the tailings and discharge to Railroad Creek. Well TPl-6A reported the highest.
concentrations of copper (1 100 pg/L), cadmium (100 pg/L) and zinc (1 1,400 pg/L); exceeding the levels
recorded for seeps SP-1 and SP-2. Water from well TPI-4A represents groundwater that has not been
impacted by tailings, as it contained low levels of metals and sulfate (Cu: 4 pg/L; Zn: 28 Clgn; Cd: 4.2
pg/L; Fe: 30 pg/L; Sod: 300 mg/L) and a near-neutral pH (6.7). Zinc concentrations showed a degree of
zonality within the groundwaters. Low zinc concentrations were detected near the upslope edge of the
tailings (TP1-1 and TPl-4; 466 and 28 pg/L, respectively) whereas concentrations one to two orders of
magnitude higher were observed in wells further downslope near Railroad Creek (TP1-2,3, 5 Ad 6; 2,270
to 1 1,400 pg/L). These wells were comparable in zinc concentrations to discharge from seeps SP-1 and SP-
2 (3490 and 4570 p@). The increase in zinc concentrations occurs approximately along the axis of the
former Railroad Creek channel under the tailings.
Compared to the monitoring wells that are screened in the underlying surficial materials, wells screened in
the tailings groundwater contained low concentrations of zinc. Iron concentrations were approximately
three to five times higher. This suggests that tailings are contributing dissolved reduced iron and sulfate to
the underlying groundwaters.
\DM-SEA I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~UK)~\R~~~~\~~I~~~-Z\~~M).~~~
6-3 7
176934OU)lWuIy 27.1999,4:11 PM;DItAFT m AL Ri REPORT

The chemistry of these monitoring wells is compatible with a groundwater flow pattern that includes
natural groundwater from upslope and affected groundwater originating from the east waste rock pile
andtor the mill buildings area. Further, these groundwater concentrations may be influenced by
groundwater flowing within the former creek channel which underlies the tailings. 'Ihis relatively
permeable unit may control and channel the flow of affected groundwater from the weathered source
areas, including the portal drainage, lagoon, waste rock piles, and mill area towards the SP-2 seep.
Tailings Pile 2 and 3
Groundwaters sampled from the underlying surf~cial material in the central areas of tailings piles 2 and 3
(e.g., wells PZ-lA, TP2-5A, TP3-6A) generally had low metal concentrations (e.g., Cu: -Q to 67 pgL; Zn:
32 to 400 pg/L; Cd: 0.2 to 2.2 p&), although an occasional elevated iron level (5,710 CLgn iron) was
observed in PZ-1A. This elevated level is probably the result of groundwaters leaching natural materials or
minor incursions of tailings waters infiltrating the substrate.
The metals load discharged by the seeps (SP-3, SP-4, SP-5 and SP-18) appears to be the result of oxidation
of tailings, possibly due to the interaction with groundwaters derived hm Railroad Creek. Groundwater
wells in the substrate near the tailings pile edges (e-g., TP2-4A, PZ-6A, TP3-8) had higher concentrations of
iron (7,040 to 58,300 fl), sulfate (340 to 1,500 mg/L) and total dissolved solids (500 to 2,400 mgL).
~irnited data on groundwaters in saturated tailings (e.g., PZ-IB) report elev&ed iron (69,000pgL) and
elevated sulfate concentrations (850 mg/L). These values are similar in magnitude to the concentrations
recorded for the seeps (Fe: 23,900 to 154,000 p&; SO,: 530 to 880 ma). 6.5.2.2 Metal Removal
Metal removal mechanisms are described below and are summarized in Figures 6.5-1 7 to 6.5- 19.
Tailings Pile 1 Area
Seepage emerges from the base of tailings pile 1 at SP-I and SP-2 and enters Railroad Creek. The seeps
are strongly acidic @H2000 mgL) and iron (-1000
mgL). As the acidic seepage mixes with Railroad Creek water, it goes through several rapid chemical
changes including:
Conversion of unoxidized ferrous iron to ferric iron by atmospheric and dissolved oxygen
Increasing pH due to dilution and stream water alkalinity allowing additional ferric iron
to precipitate as flocculent (in surface water) or goethite (in groundwater)
Co-precipitationlsorption of copper with flocculent or ferricrete
Further pH increase due to dilution and stream water alkalinity resulting in precipitation
of aluminum as flocculent or aluminum hydroxide precipitate
Formation of copper carbonate flocculent
Attenuation occurs by precipitation of ferricrete, aluminum hydroxide, copper carbonate and co-
precipitation of copper with ferricrete.
\U)M-SMI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~W)~Ulo~2\nW.doc
6-38
176934054l9Wuly 27.1999;4:11 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

MINTEQA2 indicates that the seep waters are saturated with respect to basic aluminum sulfate, alunite,
barite, and goethite. Copper concentrations are low in both cases, hence, copper concentrations do not
appear to be in equilibrium with any copper minerals. Analyses of ferricrete (formed by the precipitation
of iron oxyhydroxides such as goethite) have indicated copper concentrations up to 2,340 m@g. Copper
is expected to co-precipitate with goethite. The seeps tend to contain more zinc than copper but ferricrete
proportionately contains much less zinc than copper. Copper tends to attenuate as groundwater
containing ferrous iron is oxidized and goethite precipitates. Zinc attenuates to a lesser degree.
Tailings Piles 2 and 3
Mechanisms in the tailings pile 2 and 3 are identical to tailings pile 1. The seeps are geochemically
identical except that seeps SP-3, SP-4 and SP-5 are more dilute than SP-1 and SP-2. This is attributed to
partial mixing of Railroad Creek groundwater with seepage from the tailings pile and longer contact paths
with neutralizing materials. The fate of the seeps is the same as seeps SP- 1 and SP-2 from tailings pile 1.
6.6 RAILROAD CREEK
6.6.1 Surface Water Loading Analysis
6.6.1.1 Introduction
Dissolved metals enter Railroad Creek as seep flow, drainage flow and groundwater baseflow.
A chemical and flow mass balance analysis was performed for reaches of Railroad Creek that receive mine
drainage and reaches located upstream and downstream of mine influences. The purpose of the mass
balance was to:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
assess metal contribution in drainage water from point sources measured during the RI in
relation to metal concentrations in Railroad ~ &ek upstream of mine influences
determine the point source discharges that contribute the highest metal concentrations to
Railroad Creek
assess if specific reaches within Railroad Creek contain non-point-source.or "unaccounted"
(assumed to be baseflow) metal load, and
evaluate the chemical loading analyses in relation to the water balance of select reaches of
Railroad Creek
Flow and metal co'ncentrations of seeps and drainages were measured during the FU to assess contribution of
these inputs to Railroad Creek during the May and September 1997 sampling rounds. Flow and water
quality measurements in Railroad Creek were repeated at selected stations in late ApriVMay 1998.
The effects of seep, drainage and groundwater inputs to the surface water quality of Railroad Creek are
observed by the changes in seasonal water quality conditions in a downstream direction. Dissolved metals
entering Railroad Creek in groundwater, seepage flow and flow from the 1500-level main portal drainage
and other drainages attenuate within Railroad Creek by dilution, acid buffering and adsorption reactions in
\U)M-SMI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~W)~\hoLdm-Z\n7M).dos
6-39
17693-005-01 9Uuly 27.1999,4: 1 1 PM;DRAFT FINAL Rl REPORT

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In order to provide comparative flow conditions between stations in Railroad Creek, the following
assumptions and estimates were made for the loading analysis:
Measured flow was used if flow conditions were not changing during the sampling round.
Flow was estimated during dynamic flow conditions such that flow was consistent with
downstream flow relationships between stations.
. Creek drainage and seep concentrations were assumed to be representative for the flow
conditions encountered or estimated during the loading period.
The results of the loading analysis for May and September 1997 are presented in Tables 6.6-1 and 6.6-2,
respectively. The analysis was performed by dividing Railroad Creek into two reaches. Reach 1 included
the creek from RC-I to RC-4. Reach 2 included the creek from -RC-4 to RC-2. The tables show loading
calculations for magnesium, zinc, cadmium, copper and iron. For each parameter, the flow was multiplied
by the concentration for each source to yield the load. The loads were then added to give the cumulative
load at each station. At RC-4 and RC-2, the cumulative load from each source was compared to the total
load measured in Railroad Creek. Total load in Railroad Creek is the load calculated using the water quality
data for samples collected at RC-4 or RC-2. The commutative load for each reach was subtracted from the
total load of each reach. The results are referred to in the tables as "Reach 1 Balance" and "Reach 2
Balance." The tables also show the total balance. In general, these balances account for non-point-source
discharges (groundwater) or (if negative) can indicate load loss due to flow loss or chemical effects. The
balances also incorporate the uncertainties in the measurements of flows. The results for the ApriYMay
1998 loading analysis are shown in Table 6.6-3. Percent loading for 1997 is provided by location on Figure
6.5-20.
6.6.13 Loading Analysis and Mass Balance Results - 1997
Conservative Parameter - Magnesium
As a first step to confirming the validity of the mass balance approach, a chemically conservative parameter,
rather than a heavy metal, can be used to calibrate or verify the site-specific water balance discussed in
Section 4.4. The term "conservative parameter" is described in Section 6.3.3.1. The purpose is to confirm
the water mass balance using a parameter for which the total load can be accounted for. The parameter
selected in this case was magnesium. The main reason for selecting this parameter is that magnesium is
released by weathering processes at the Site and is always detectable. Other conservative parameters such as
chloride are not released by weathering and are frequently non-detectable, and therefore are not appropriate
for this purpose.
In Table 6.6-1 (May 1997 calculation), the incoming magnesium load at RC-I was 5098 mg/s. In Reach 1
(defined as receiving mine and support area drainage - RC- I to RC-4), the source load additions totaled 986
mg/s, for a cumulative load of 6084 mg/s. The greatest proportion of the load originates from P-5, followed
by SP-23. The measured load in Railroad Creek at RC-4 was 6656 mg/s. The deficit between the two
(cumulative at RC-4 and measured at RC-4) was +572 mg/s. If this load is applied to the inputs from
groundwater calculated using the water balance (0.9 cfs, 25.49 Us), the required concentration was 22.5
ma, as shown in Table 6.6-1. Magnesium concentrations were generally less than 10 mg/L in the portal
drainage, lagoon and seeps. The calculated concentration was, therefore, greater than the e-ed
17693405-019Uuly 27.1999;4:11 -RAFT FINAL RI REWRT

concentrations, but statistically the two concentrations were equivalent because of the above-mentioned
uncertainties associated with the flow estimates.
Relative to measured incoming load in Reach 2 (tailings influenced stream segment from RC-4 to RC-7),
the additions of magnesium were less than the additions in Reach 1. The deficit was +I550 mg/s. The
calculated concentration using this deficit was 26.1 mg/L (Table 6.6-1) which was close to the range of
magnesium concenlrations of 30 mg/L to greater than 100 mg/L in seeps.
The deficit between RC-7 and RC-2 was 684 mg/s, which was close to the contribution fiom SP-4 (5 15
mg/s).
The May 1997 analysis for magnesium implies that there are no significant missing magnesium load
contributions in the spring. The deficits between surface water additions and measured loads in Railroad
Creek can be accounted for by reasonable groundwater flows and magnesium concentrations.
The September 1997 magnesium load calculation for Reach 1 (Table 6.6-2) indicates little change between
RC-1 and RC-4 (-19 m a). The load provided by the only measurable source (P-5) was not significant
relative to the load entering the Site at .RC-1, and represented only 1.1 percent of the load previously
measured in May 1997. The Reach 1 balance was shown as a negative load (-75 mg/s). This small negative
load was consistent with the apparent flow loss in the reach (Section 4.3.7). In Reach 2, the load balance
was 71 1 mg/s, which can be accounted for by a groundwater contribution similar to that observed in May
1997.
In summary, the magnesium balance is in agreement with the site-specific water balance. The magnesium
balance indicated that all major sources were identified and that the required flow balances were consistent
with magnesium concentrations observed in both surface water and groundwater.
Quasi-Conservative Parameters - Zinc and Cadmium
Zinc and cadmium are often observed to show almost conservative behavior because their solubility is not
influenced by pH within the pH range normally encountered on site. They can be adsorbed onto soil and
sediment particles; however, this may not be a strong effect in coarse gravelly soils and stream beds.
The loading calculation of zinc followed the sarne'approach as for magnesium. In May, the difference
between RC-1 and RC-4 was 850 mg/s. The majority of this difference can be accounted for by P-5 (849
mg/s). SP-23 provided 71 mg/s, hence the cumulative load at RC-4 from measured sources was 1 123 mg/s.
This load at RC-2 was greater than the load at RC-4 (1034 mg/s). The balance of -90 mg/s is small relative
to the inflow from P-5 and therefore is not significant. The data imply that all significant loads in Reach 1
have been identified.
In Reach 2, very little zinc was added compared to Reach 1. The Copper Creek diversion was the largest
source. The required balance was 146 mg/s, which was larger than the point sources along Reach 2. The
concentration required to produce this balance was 2.5 m&. This implies that groundwater originating in
Reach 1 (i.e., from the mine support areas) enters Railroad Creek in Reach 2. The total of the balances for
Reach 1 and Reach 2 is 56 mg/s. This is less than 5 percent of the total load in Railroad Creek and implies
overall that non-point sources contribute insignificantly to the load in Railroad Creek during May. P-5 is the
\WM-SMl\VOLl\COMMON\WP\~W)~UloIdm-2\n7M).doc
6-42
17693-005-019Uuly 27,1999,4:11 PM;DRAFf FINAL Rl REPORT

main source of zinc load (82 percent of load added downstream of RC-1, not including Copper Creek).
Other sources account for less than 6 percent individually.
A similar approach was used for the September 1997 calculation. A contribution from groundwater was
added in Reach 1 to account for the difference between load observed at RC-1 and RC-2 (63 mg/s) that
could not be accounted for by load contributed by P-5 (1 6.9 mgfs). In September, non-point sources appear
to represent the majority (77 percent) of the zinc load added to Railroad Creek between RC-1 and RC-2.
The total balance (non-point source discharge, i.e., groundwater) for zinc between RC-1 and RC-2 in
September 1997 (63 mg/s) is comparable to the total balance in May 1997 (56 mg/s).
The cadmium balance for May 1997 indicates that P-5 is the main source (5.1 mg/s, 70 percent of load
added by the Site) and that the total balance is the next largest source (17 percent). In September, 1997, the
contribution fiom non-point sources was 80 percent compared to 17 percent fiom P-5, though the load fiom
non-point sources remained comparable (1.23 mg/s in May compared to 0.24 mg/s in September). The
findings are comparable to zinc and indicate that portal drainage accounts for the majority of load entering
Railroad Creek in May. In September, most load enters Railroad Creek through groundwater. The
groundwater contribution appears to be relatively stable.
Non-Conservative Heavy Metals - Copper and Iron
Mass balances for copper and iron provide limited information because they are readily removed fiom
solution by precipitation changes (as seeps mix with Railroad Creek) and adsorption. .-
The copper load observed at RC-4 in May 1997 (374 mg/s) can primarily be accounted for by P-5 (225
mgls) with lessor contributions by SP-23 (97 mg/s) and RC-1 (16 mg/s). The balancing (groundwater) load
(20 mg/s) was negligible compared to the other loads. Copper load appeared to decrease between R-4 and
RC-2. The load required to balance was 4 8 mg/s. Overall, a small negative load balance of -28 mg/s was
indicated for RC-1 to RC-2 after accounting for known sources. This is consistent with removal of copper
solution by pH adjustment and adsorption, which occurs continually along Railroad Creek as low pH waters
mix with surface water but is particularly likely in Reach 2 when iron is added by the tailings pile seeps.
The negative balance does not preclude the addition of copper through groundwater sources. The balance
indicates that the net effect of addition through groundwater and removal by attenuation mechanisms is net
removal.
The September 1997 calculation indicated a positive load balance requirement in Reach 1 and negative load
balance for Reach 2, although overall, a positive balancing load of 2.6 mg/s was obtained and is the largest
source of load to Railroad Creek. Qualitatively, the calculations for May and September 1997 are similar.
Differences between May and September reflect changes in P-5 water quality and quantity and removal of
copper prior to mixing with Railroad Creek.
The calculation for iron indicated a load loss between RC-1 and RC-4 in May. Iron concentrations were
very low and the decrease was probably due to near detection limit (0.02 ma) concentrations in Railroad
Creek. Significant load increases were observed between RC-4 and RC-7, followed by a decrease between
RC-7 and RC-2. The load added by surface seeps was not sufficient to account for the load increase
observed, hence a balancing load of 1412 mg/s was added. The calculated iron concentration for the load is
24 mgL. This concentration of iron is lower than observed in seeps which indicates that a portion of the

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source areas was estimated from flow measurements and water quality results for seeps associated with
these areas collected in the spring and fall of 1997. The loading analysis included the data from seeps SP-
6 and SP-ISE, associated with the west waste rock pile, SP-7 and SP-22 associated with the mill area, and
SP-8 associated with the east waste rock pile. These seeps do not enter Railroad Creek as surface flow
and are considered to contribute to downslope seeps and ultimately to the alluvial aquifer. The loading
analysis was conducted to quantify the maximum load available from these areas that could contribute to
dissolved metals loading into Railroad Creek. The loading data are provided in Table 6.6-4 and shown on
Figure 6.5-20.
The data indicate that maximum loading from these source areas accounts for a small percentage of the
total load at RC-2 ranging from 0.2 to 2.9% for cadmium, 0.1 to 4.3% for copper, less than 0.01% for
iron, and 0.4 to 2.7% for zinc. The highest loads result from the mill area at SP-7 and the west waste
rock pile at SP-15E in the spring. The seeps used for the loading analysis were not flowing in the fall
except in response to significant precipitation.
A loading analysis was also performed for data collected from SP-21 located east of tailings pile 3 and
downstream of RC-2. Chemical data, direction of groundwater flow (especially in the fall), and the
documented loss of flow in Reach 2 (RC-4 to RC-2) indicate that affected groundwater from the tailings
and loss from Railroad Creek (unaccounted load) may be measurable at SP-21. Loading for dissolved
cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc were calculated using flow measurements and analytical data collected in
the spring and fall of 1997. The percentage load is based on RC-2 as an appropriate location downstream
of SP-2 1 on Railroad Creek was not established.
The analysis indicates that loading for these metals ranges from 0.8 to 1.2% in the spring and 0.1% or less
'. in the fall.
6.6.1.6 Conclusions
The following is concluded from the loading calculations:
All significant observed loads have been identified and accounted for in Railroad Creek.
Groundwater loads can be used to balance Site area chemical loading. Back-calculated
concentrations using flow estimates compare well with expected groundwater sources
such as mine discharge water and tailings seepage.
Copper and zinc loads to Railroad Creek from measured point sources and other
groundwater (baseflow) sources are highest during the spring snowmelt and groundwater
discharge period when groundwater levels are highest in the deep wells beneath the
tailings, and high flow occurs at the 1500-level portal drainage. During the May round
when flows are the highest, the portal drainage is the primary source of loading of
cadmium, copper and zinc to Railroad Creek.
Seeps SP-23 and SP-23B are the two next highest point sources that are estimated to
contribute cadmium, copper and zinc during May; however, this load drops to zero later in
the year as seep SP-23 dries up.
-
17693-005419Vuly 27,1999;4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Infiltration of water from the portal drainage to the underlying alluvial aquifer may
account for metals concentrations in seeps located downgradient from the portal drainage
that flow into Railroad Creek or to groundwater baseflow.
Iron enters Railroad Creek primarily by groundwater and iron loads are greater in
September than May. Iron loads enter Railroad Creek downstream of the load sources
(i.e., portal drainage) for cadmium, zinc and copper, which enter the creek as surface
flows or seeps.
Similar results were obtained in spring 1997 and 1998. Differences in absolute loadings
were observed and can be attributed to differences in timing of monitoring. The 1998
monitoring was.conducted during the initial part of snowmelt, likely resulting in the
measurement of greater loads of copper, zinc and cadmium entering Railroad Creek.
Additional source areas located at the west and east waste rock piles and the mill area are
not significant loading sources to Railroad Creek. Metals loading at SP-21 may account for
a component of unaccounted loads noted in September.
6.7 COMPARISON OF THE HOLDEN MDW WITH OTHER MINE SITES
This section provides case example comparisons of two other mines with characteristics similar to the
Holden Mine. The examples are relatively typical of hard rock metal mines in northwestern North
America and were selected on the basis of similar mine configuration, comparable waste types and
leaching of similar elements. These cases illustrate that the chemical processes operating at the Holden
Mine Site have been documented elsewhere, are not unique to the Holden Mine, and demonstrate that the
Site does not represent extreme mine drainage conditions.
6.7.1 Baker Mine
The Baker Mine is a small unherground gold mine located in a sub-alpine area in north central British
Columbia. Similar to the Holden Mine Site, the Baker Mine experiences winter conditions during which
a snow pack forms. In June, the snow pack melts releasing large quantities of water in a few weeks.
Summers are relatively warm and dry with occasional thunderstorms. The fall is wetter before snow
starts to accumulate in October. The summer is shorter than at the Holden Mine Site, but the overall
climatic conditions are comparable.
Although the Baker Mine is much smaller than the Holden Mine, the configuration of the workings is
comparable (Figure 6.7-1). Mine drainage exits from a single portal. A second portal is located 100 feet
above this portal, and a small open pit is located on the slopes immediately above the mine; mine
drainage does not flow from these two workings. The mine exploited an epithermal gold vein for a few
years in the early 1980s and is now being reclaimed. The immediate mine sequence contains little
carbonate. Two bulkheads were installed in the portals in 1993 with the intention of flooding the mine.
However, as a result of leakage around the bulkheads, holes were drilled in the bulkheads to allow water
to drain freely.
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'
17693-0OS-019Uuly 27.1999;4:11 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
6-46

Monitoring of seeps from drill holes, fractures and backfill inside the workings prior to installing the
plugs indicated that most seeps had pH between 3 and 3.5. As a result, acid generation within the Baker
Mine has reached the most reactive stage and mine drainage is not expected to worsen.
Figures 6.7-2 to 6.7-4 compare drainage chemistry for the Baker Mine with the Holden Mine. P-5 was
used rather than P- 1 because it has a larger dataset. For comparative purposes, data for different years of
monitoring are superimposed on one graph depicting one year. The Baker Mine dataset begins in May
prior to the snow melt. The drainage pH is near 7. As the melt event begins, pH drops to 4.4, then as the
portal discharge decreases pH increases until pH is near 7 in October. Almost exactly the same pH trend
is seen at the Holden Mine 1500-level main portal drainage (P-5). During maximum flows, the pH of the
Baker Mine discharge is low, but then steadily increases through the summer, reaching neutral conditions
by September. I
The mechanism involved is identical at both the Baker Mine and Holden Mine. The melting of the snow
pack results in flushing of weathering products accumulated during the previous winter. As the melt
event moderates, pH increases due to reduced leaching of acidic weathering products. The Baker Mine
drainage contains a buff precipitate similar to the precipitate observed in the Holden Mine portal drainage.
The lowermost' extreme of pH values is controlled at both the Baker Mine and Holden Mine by the
precipitation of aluminum hydroxides. The host rocks at the Baker Mine were altered to clay alumino-
silicates during mineralization. The acid solutions formed by pyrite oxidation attack these minerals,
resulting in the release of aluminum.
The comparison of copper concentrations indicates very similar concentrations and trends for the Baker
Mine and Holden Mine. Copper concentrations are relatively low for the majority of the year for the
Baker Mine, but increase as pH decreases during spring snowmelt (Figure 6.7-3). The almost identical
copper concentrations indicate a common chemical control, which could be copper carbonates, or co-
precipitation with aluminum hydroxide. Comparison of zinc concentrations indicates order-of-magnitude
higher concentrations at the Holden Mine (Figure 6.7-4). Unlike the Holden Mine, the Baker Mine does
not have zinc mineralization, and zinc concentrations are not constrained by secondary mineral formation
at these pHs. The differences between the Baker Mine and the Holden Mine in terms of source zinc
availability, therefore, become apparent.
6.7.2 Sullivan Mine
The Sullivan Mine is a relatively large underground massive sulfide lead-zinc deposit located in the
Canadian Rocky Mountains. The area also experiences cold winters during which snow pack
accumulates. The snow pack melts in April and May and summers are hot and dry. The Sullivan Mine
has been operating since 19 10 and consists of an active underground mine, an abandoned open pit, several
waste rock piles and a relatively large tailings disposal area resulting from conventional flotation (the
method utilized at the Holden Mine Site) of lead and zinc sulfides from a sulfide ore composed of
pyrrhotite and pyrite.
6.7.2.1 Underground Mine
The underground development of the Sullivan Mine is accessed by a single portal. Drainage chemistry is
summarized in Figures 6.7-2 to 6.7-4. The pH of the drainage is continuously low, approximately around
17693M)S019Uuly 27,1999.4:ll WRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

3, indicating buffering by iron hydroxide. The host rocks have little buffering capacity from carbonates
or alumino-silicates. Seasonal variations are not apparent for pH. Copper is not abundant in the deposit;
therefore, concentrations are lower than at the Holden Mine, but as pH remains low year round, the high
solubility of secondary copper minerals results in relatively constant copper concentrations. Variations in
copper concentrations are not readily correlated with season. In comparison, zinc concentrations are
elevated throughout the year due to the abundance of zinc in the ore. Zinc concentrations also appear to
peak in April during snow-melt.
6.7.2.2 Waste Rock
Waste rock has been disposed in two primary areas. Seepage is severely acidic and comparable to the
underground drainage. Seepage from a second waste rock disposal area emerges at a pH between 4 and 5,
contains elevated zinc concentrations, and has deposited a white precipitate in a nearby small stream. The
precipitate has been found to be amorphous aluminum hydroxide.
6.7.23 Tailings
The tailings disposal area contains various types of ore processing residues including raw, high-sulfide
.tailings produced by preferential flotation of iron sulfides, and low-sulfide siliceous tailings. The tailings
are classified as potentially acid generating due to the lack of acid buffering capacity. In one location
downgradient of the high-sulfide tailings, acidic seepage has been noted. Seepage pH varies from 2.8 to
5.5, and is accompanied by about 20 g/L sulfate, and 10 g/L iron. Zinc, lead and copper concentrations
are very low (

(i.e., portal drainage) for cadmium; zinc and copper, which enter the creek as surface
flows or seeps.
Additional source areas (waste rock piles and mill area) are not significant load sources in
the spring and generally contribute no load in the fall unless a precipitation event occurs.
The sediments sampled both in Railroad Creek (above, adjacent, and downstream of the
Site) as well as Lake Chelan (at Lucerne bar and the mouth of the Stehekin River)
indicate similar concentrations of metals, except for copper and zinc which are slightly
elevated (approximately two-fold) when compared to the upstream and reference sites.
However, the copper and zinc are anticipated to be present in the relatively inert stable
iron oxyhydroxide due to the neutral pH in both Railroad Creek and Lake
Chelan.
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1769M05019Uuly 27.1999:4:11 PUPRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

control and buffering by alumino-silicates. The Baker Mine is believed to have a regional stable
geochemical conditions. Likewise, the Holden Mine is also believed to be stable.
The similarities with other mines indicates that the experience gained at other sites will be applicable to
planning remediation at the Holden Mine.
6.8 FLOCCULENT AND FERRICRETE
6.8.1 Flocculent
Iron flocculent is a colloidal material that is generated fiom baseflow groundwater contributed to Railroad
Creek from the tailings piles. As the pH of the groundwater increases upon contact and mixing with surface
water, iron oxyhydroxides become stable and precipitate. Some of the copper that is in solution and lesser
amounts of cadmium, zinc and other metals coprecipitate with the iron as the iron flocculent is formed.
During the fall and winter months when groundwater flow is low apd the flow in Railroad Creek is low, the
majority of the flocculent that is generated settles in the base of the creek bed with some limited transport
downstream.
In the spring, when both groundwater and surface water flows are high, flocculent continues to be generated.
Due to the high flow, spring flocculent and flocculent that has accumulated in the Creek bed h m
falVwinter are mobilized and are both transported downstream. Flocculent is transported during spring
runoff and precipitation events.
6.83 Ferricrete Formation
Femcrete is typically defined as a conglomerate consisting of sand and gravel cemented into a hard mass by
fenic oxides and sulfates derived fiom the oxidation of percolating iron-bearing solutions. The vertical and
lateral variation in thickness and character of femcrete in Railroad Creek suggests that percolating solutions
infiltrate whatever material is present. Fenicrete formation is dependent on the supply of salts and degree of
oxygenation of the solution. Increased infiltration of waters to the tailings dissolves the accumulated iron
and metal salts in the tailings, putting iron and metal cations, sulfate and acidity into solution. Ferrous iron
(Fe23 in groundwater, discharges as baseflow to Railroad Creek where oxidation and an increase in pH
occurs. Ferrous iron converts to femc iron (Fe33, complexes with hydroxides forming iron oxyhydroxides
and then precipitates. Other metals may also coprecipitate with the iron. Because of these factors, the rate
of formation of fenicrete is not constant and is dependent on the local conditions.
The formation of ferricrete is probably an important factor limiting the development of a hyporheic zone in
Railroad Creek. The hyporheic zone is defined as a zone of mixed groundwater and surface water that may
occur in the interstices of the bed sediment in direct contact with the water (for example, Bemer et al.
1995). If groundwater contains elevated concentrations of contaminants, it is conceivable that elevated
concentrations could be present in the hyporheic zone. The substantial ferricrete deposits may limit direct
mixing between groundwater originating from the tailings piles and Railroad Creek water by armoring the
stream bed. It is expected.that iron-bearing groundwater will be oxidized and neutralized within the
ferricrete, preventing the development of the hyporheic zone and encouraging precipitation of metals within
and beneath the fenicrete.
17693-00M19Uuly 27.1999,4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Upstream of the tailings piles, significant femcrete deposits have not been observed. However, it generally
appears that most contribution in the spring is by surface flow and in the fall the load contributed by
groundwater is small. A hyporheic zone, if present, would be significant only in the fall.
6.9 SEDIMENT
As noted in Section 5, a number of stream sediment samples were collected historically from Railroad
Creek by others (reported in Kilburn, et al., 1994; U.S. Bureau of Mines or Larnbeth, R.E., 1995; and
Ecology, or Johnson A., et al., 1997) and in Lake Chelan by Dames & Moore as part of the RI in 1998.
Sediments were collected historically upstream, within and downstream of the Site from 11 sampling
stations; no duplicate samples to measure variation within a particular sampling station were collected.
Analyses for total metals were performed on the medium to fine sand, silt and clay fraction of the
sediment. Metal (aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, lead, and zinc) concentrations
for samples collected during 1994 show a slight increase in concentration in the vicinity of the Site in
relation to the upstream concentrations. Data fioni tributary streams along Railroad Creek had similar but
slightly lower concentrations of metals in sediments. Lake sediments were collected offshore of the
mouth of Railroad Creek in 1998. Compared to the Railroad Creek sediment dak metals in lake
sediments from the Lucerne bar have a similar but slightly higher concentration range. In general, the
concentrations remain relatively constant from the Site to Lake Chelan.
Assuming that the sediment samples are representative, the uniformity of the metal concentrations
downstream of the Site suggests that the stream sediment is not significantly diluted during downstream
transport between the Site and Lake Chelan, and/or the tributaries contribute sediment with metals.
Railroad Creek is characterized by a coarse (70 to 90 percent cobble-boulder matrix) grain size that is
related to channel morphology and gradient. Fine sediment sources include limited areas of Railroad
Creek, tributaries and the streambanks upstream and downstream of the Site. Sediment derived from the '
watershed area are transported downstream and deposited eventually into Lake Chelan.
Although downstream sediment transport in Railroad Creek is a potential compound of concern migration
pathway, several physical mechanisms reduce the potential for this pathway to be significant. The majority
of metals that have been deposited in the streambank sediments become progressively attenuated in a
downstream direction as they migrate. Downstream sediment becomes interspersed with sediments from
tributary and Railroad Creek streambed sources. Copper and zinc remain slightly elevated (approximately
two-fold higher than upstream of the Site) from the Site to Lake Chelan. However, the metals are presumed
to be present in the sediment as iron oxides andlor manganese oxides which are relatively inert and not
readily available due to the neutral pH of both Railroad Creek and Lake Chelan.
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6-50
17693-005-019Vuly 27,1999;4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

6.10 CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results of the fate and transport analysis in conjunction with the current conceptual site
model, conclusions are listed below; specific conclusions have also been presented in each main
subsection of Section 6:
The primary sulfide minerals in the Holden Mine ore deposit include pyrite, pyrrhotite,
sphalerite and chalcopyrite.
The Holden Mine deposit is hosted by the Buckskin Schist, which is a quartz amphibole
schist sequence with at least two horizons of intermittent marble beds and calcareous
schists. The dominant silicates are plagioclase and biotite (aluminum-based).
Host rock mineralogy is the primary factor affecting water chemistry at the Site.
Weathering of these minerals, especially sulfide minerals, dominates Site water
chemistry. Non-sulfide mineralogy of the tailings is expected to be - dominated by
minerals contained in the ore and in diabase dikes whereas the mine wall rocks are
dominated by biotite schist.
Secondary mineralization and precipitates produced by weathering processes are visibly
evident throughout the Site, including orange brown iron stains (iron oiyhydroxides) on
waste rock and tailings, white precipitates (amorphous aluminum hydroxide) in the 1500-
level main portal drainage, green stain (copper carbonate) on marble waste rock in the
waste rock piles, and efflorescent crusts (metal sulfates) in the mill building and where
seepage emerges along the toes of the tailings piles.
Consistent geochemical processes are occurring across the Site including iron sulfide
mineral oxidation, oxidation of sphalerite and chalcopyrite, and metal attenuation.
Specific controls include the release of heavy metals (iron, copper, zinc, cadmium), the
release of metals exerting pH control (iron, aluminum), and seep chemistry for different
facilities reflecting different rock types (mine vs. tailings). This dictates the difference
between water chemistry in the east and west parts of the Site. The underground mine,
waste rock piles and mill building area are dominated by the effect of residual zinc and
copper mineralization, whereas the tailings piles are dominated by concentrated iron
sulfides and associated iron alumino-silicates.
The oxidation of sulfide minerals is releasing iron and acid to surface water drainages.
Buffering of acidity is occurring by the reaction of waters with alumino-silicates. This
limits the solubility of some metals (e.g., iron) but also allows pH to be low enough to
solubilize copper. However, since alumino-silicates are abundant, buffering occurs close
to the source of acid generation.
Within Railroad Creek, complete neutralization of acid drainage occurs causing
precipitation of iron, aluminum and copper as flocculent. Zinc and cadmium are likely
not precipitated appreciably within Railroad Creek.
Comparison of sulfate and aluminum supports the general conclusion of buffering by
alumino-silicates. Aluminum concentrations are lowered by aluminum hydroxide
precipitation. .
\\DM-SEAl\VOLI\COMMON\WP\~W~~2\nW.doc
6-5 1
17693-005-019Uuly 27, 1999;4:11 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Source controls reflect the differences in oxygen availability and water flow.
- Portions of the underground mine are likely well-oxygenated through the winter
months due to temperature differences between the underground mine and the
ambient air, and may therefore be actively oxidizing in open stopes above the 1500-
level of the mine. Random water flow in fractures dissolves weathering products,
some of which are discharged in the 1500-level main portal drainage, and some of
which are stored as salts formed by evapo-concentration. Discharge water reflects
precipitation of iron in the workings and precipitation of aluminum within the mine
and in the portal drainage and Railroad Creek.
- The tailings piles are only oxygenated near the surface. ' Chemical processes leading
to the release of heavy metals occur primarily in this zone and not at depth. Acid
neutralization occurs at depth. Groundwaters contain reduced iron which rapidly
oxidizes upon emergence in seeps, forming ferricrete and flocculent.
The metal attenuation processes that occur downgradient of sources prior -to entering
Railroad Creek include precipitation due to pH increase and aeration, efflorescence
(causing seasonal formation of salts), co-precipitation of heavy metals (primarily with
iron), and adsorption. Precipitation of aluminum, iron and copper flocculent probably
occurs when seeps mix with slightly alkaline Railroad .Creek water and groundwater
adjacent to Railroad Creek.
The magnesium (conservative parameter) balance indicated that all major sources were
identified and that the required flow balances were consistent with measured magnesium
concentrations. Therefore, the magnesium balance corroborates the site-specific water
balance in Section 4.4.
Mass balance calculations for Railroad Creek at the Site indicate that the mass of zinc,
cadmium, copper and iron originating from the underground mine, waste rock piles, and
tailings piles has been accounted for. Seasonal and yWly variations are apparent
reflecting changing variations in flow characteristics and timing of sampling with respect
to the spring snowmelt.
Copper and zinc loads to Railroad Creek from measured point sources and other
groundwater (baseflow) sources are highest during the spring snowmelt and groundwater
discharge period when groundwater levels are highest in the deep wells beneath the
tailings, and high flow occurs at the 1500-level portal drainage. During the May round
when flows are the highest, the portal drainage is the .primary source of loading of
cadmium, copper and zinc to Railroad Creek.
Seeps SP-23 and SP-23B are the two next highest point sources that are estimated to
contribute copper, cadmium and zinc during May; however, this load drops to zero later in
the year as seep SP-23 dries up.
Iron enters Railroad Creek primarily by groundwater and iron loads are greater in
September than May. Iron loads enter Railroad Creek downstream of the load sources
\\oM~SEAI\VOL1\COMMOMWR~W~\boI~2\n~.Qc
6-52
17693405419Uuly 27. 1999;4:11 PM;Dm FINAL RI REPORT

TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RyFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturdArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
FeatutdArea
1500-Level Main Portal NIA
1500-Level Ventilator Portal NIA
1 100-Level Portal NIA
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock E.O-3.0
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock D.7-3.0
Honeymoon Heights D.8-3.1
1000-Level Portal NIA Honeymoon Heights D.8-3.1
BM)-Level Portal NIA Honeymoon Heights 0.8-3.1
700-Level Portal ' NIA Honeymoon Heights D.8-3.2
-Level Portal NIA Honeymoon Heights D.9-3.2
-Level Portal NIA Honeymoon Heights D.9-3.2
Abandoned Septic Field NIA SE of Holden Vlllage E.2-3.0
Abandoned Surface Water Ret. NIA - Mine Support 8 Waste Rock D.7-2.9
Baseball FieldJCampground NIA Baseball Field/Campground D.7-2.9, D.8-2.9
Copper Creek NIA S. of Tailings Piles 1 8 2 E.l-3.1. E.l-3.2. E.2-3.0.
E.3-3.1
Copper Creek Diversion NIA W. o! Tailings Pile 1 E.0-3.0. E.l-3.0
East Waste Rock Pile NIA Mine Support 8 Waste Rock E.l-3.0. E.l-3.1
Holden Village NIA Holden Village E.l-2.9. E.2-2.9
Holden V~llage Septic Field NIA SE of Winston Home Sites D.9-2.9..E.0-2.9
Honeymoon Heights NIA Honeymoon Heights D.7-3.0, 3.1, 3.2; 0.8-3.0,
3.1, 3.2, 3.3; D.9-3.0, 3.1,
3.2, 3.3
Hydroelectric Plant NIA W. of ~ailin~s Pile 1 E.0-3.0
Intermittent Drainage NIA Honeymoon Heights D.8-3.0, D.8-3.1. D.8-3.2,
0.8-3.3
Lagwn NIA Mine Support 8 Waste Rock E.0-2.9, E.0-3.0
Lucerne Bar NIA Lucerne
Lucerne Guard Station NIA Lucerne 1-3
Maintenance Yard NIA
Mill Build~ng NIA
Mine Support and Waste Rock NIA
Portal Museum NIA
Maintenance Yard E.0-3.0
~ill8uildin~ E.O-3.0
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock 0.7-2.9. 3.0; D.8-2.9,3.0;
0.9-2.9. 3.0; E.0-2.9, 3.0.
3.1; E.l-3.0,3.1. 2.9
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock E.O-3.0
Sauna NIA NW of Tailings Pile 1 E.l-3.0
Shop NIA Maintenance Yard E.O-3.0
Storage NIA
Maintenance Yard E.0-3.0
Tailings Pile 1 NIA
Tailings Pile 1 E.l-3.0, E.2-3.0. E.2-3.1
Tailings Pile 2 NIA
Tailings Pile 2 E.2-3.0, E.2-3.1, E.3-3.0,
E.3-3.1. E.4-3.0, E.4-3.1
~ailin~s'pile 3 NIA
Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0. E.4-3.1, E.13.0.
E.5-3.1
USFS Guard Station NIA
USFS Guard Station E.O-2.9
West Waste Rock Pile NIA ' Mine Support 8 Waste Rock E.0-3.0
Winston Home Sites NIA Winston Home Sites
Geo~hvsical Suwev Lines
A-A' NIA North of West Waste Rock Pile E.0-2.9, E.O-3.0
B1-81' NIA Tailings Pile 1 E.l-3.0
82-62' NIA East Waste Rock Pile E.l-3.1
CC' NIA Tailings Pile 2 E.3-3.0, E.3-3.1
DD' NIA Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0, E.4-3.1
E-E' NIA East of Tailings Pile 3 E.53.0. E.13.1
H:U-iolden\Dran Final RI rpt~-6\~ables\mapkey6.~js
7/27/99 . Page 1 of 6
Near southem boundary
Near western boundary
DAMES & MOORE
A

a. H:\Holden\Draft
TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPUNGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005-019
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
EM3-EM3
F-F
GG'
Sample Locations
Groundwater Monitoring Wells
NIA Western Mine Support Area 0.82.9. D.83.0. D.9-2.9,
D.93.0. E.0-2.9
NIA Western Mine Support Area D.8-3.0. D.93.0. E.0-3.0.
E.1-3.0
NIA East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0, E.5-3.1
NIA North of Tailings Piles 2 8 3 E.4-3.0
NIA Between Tailings Piles 1 S 2 E.2-3.0. E.2-3.1
HBKG-1
HB%-2
CC-BKG
H-1
H-2
HV-3lH-3
DS-1
DS-2
TP1-1A
TPI -2A
TPl-2L
TP1-3A
Final RI rptS-6\Tables\ma~.xls
W. of Tailings Pile 1
E. of Baseball FieldICampgr.
SW Tailings Pile 2
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1 .
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Potential backgroundL.
Potential background
Background
Background
Downstream Welk:
Downstream Wells:
Page 2 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005-019
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Subsurface/Surface Soil
TP3-4L
TP3-5A
TP36A
TP3-6BL
TP3-7
TP3-a
TP39
TP3lO
TP3-IOL
PZ-4A
PZ*
PZ-4C
PZ-5A
PZ-50
PZ-5C
PZ-6A
PZ-66
PZdC
Lucerne Well
DMSS-1
DMSS-2
DMSS-3
DMSS-4
DMSS-5
DMSS-6
DMSS-7
DMSS-8
DMSS-9
DMSS-10
DMSS-11
DMSS-12
DMSS-13
DMSS-14
DMSS-15
DMSS-16
DMSS-17
DMSS-18
DMSS-19
DMSS-20
DMSS-21
DMSS-22
DMSS-23
DMSS-24
DMSS-25
DMSS-26
DMSS-27
Lagoon 6'
Lagoon 2'
DMLGl
DMLG2
DMLG3
H:\Holden\Draft Final RI rpt\S-6\Tables\mapkey6.xk
7/27/99
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pik 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Lucerne
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Baseball Field
Wilderness Area
Wilderness Area
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Page 3 of6
Lucerne Guard Station
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPUNGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
FeaturdArea or Media Station No. Location bv Area
Surface Water
DMLG4
DMLGS
DMBGl
DMBG2
DMBG3
DMBG4
DMBGS
DMBGS
DMBG7
DMBG8
DMBG9
DMEGIO
DMBGll
DMBG12
. DMBGl3
DMBG14
DMBG15
DMBG16
DMBG17
DMBGlB
DMBGl9
DMTPI-2
DMTP1-3
DMTP1-4
DMTPlS-1
DMTPZ-1
DMTP2-2
DMTP2S-1
DMTf'3-1
DMTP3-2
DMTP3-3
DMTP3-4 ,
DMTP3S-1
DMTP3E-1
DMTP3E-2
DMTP3E-3
DMTP3E-4
DMTP3E-5
DMTP3E-6 .
DMTPW-1
DMTPW-2
DMTPW-3
DMTPW-4
DMTPW-5
DMTPW-6
DMTPW-7
RC-1 Railroad Creek
RGl North Bank Railroad Creek
RGl South Bank Railroad Creek
RG2 Railroad Creek
RC-2 South Bank Railroad Creek
Lagoon
Lagoon
Approximately 1-mile West of Site
Holden Creek Drainage
Between Holden Creek 8 Hart Lake
East of Hart Lake
Between Hart Lake 8 Crown Point
' Lyman Lakes
West of Hart Lake
West of Holden Creek
West of Big Creek
Copper Basin
Southwest of Site
South of Site
Near South Site Boundary
Near Holden Creek
Near Holden Creek
West of Sie Boundary
Near Winston Home Sites
Northeast of Site
North of Holden Village
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
H:\Holden\Drafl Final RI rpt\S-6\Tables\mapkey6.ds
7/27\99 Page 4 of 6
Coordinate Comments
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excawtion
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPUNGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOU>EN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. I7693005019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Seeps
RC-3
RC4
RC4 south Bank
RC-5
RG5A .
RC-6
RC-6 North Bank
RC7
RC-8
RC-8 North Bank
RC? 0
RC-11
CG1
CC-2
CGD
CCDl
P-1
P-5
HGl ,
HC-2
HG3
HC-4
Big-1
Tenmile Creek
A1
SP1
SP2
SP3
S P4
S P5
S P6
SP7
S P8
SP9
SPlOW
SPlOE
SPll
SP12
SP13
SP14
SP15W
SPlSE
SP16
SP17
SP18
SP19
SP20
SP21
SP22
SP23
SP23B
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Near Seven Mile Creek
Upstream of Holden Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
Copper Creek D~ersion
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Big Creek
Tenmile Creek
Honeymoon Heights
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
West Waste Rock Pile
West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Between P-5 8 RC-4
River Sauna
River Sauna
West of Vehicle Bridge
West of P-5
South of olden Village
Honeymoon Heights
North of West Waste Rock Pile
North of West Waste Rock Pile
Lagoon
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1 (Near Copper Creek)
East of Tailings Pile 3
North of Maintenance Yard
Between RC-1 and P-5
Between RC-1 and P-5
Portal Drainagell500 Main
Portal DrainagefRR Creek
1 1 W Level Portal
Bank sample
H:\Hdden\Drafl F~nal
RI rpltSrpns6\TaMes\mapkey6.xls
7/77/99 Page 5 o16 DAMES & M FRE

TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATlONS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturdArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Sediment - Lake &elan
USGS Select Samoles
USBM Select Samoles
SP24 West of RC-4 E.0-2.9
. SP25 Between Vehicle Bridge 8 RC4 E.O-2.9
SP26 Between RC-1 and RC-6 0.7-2.9
SP-27 Near Big Creek 02
CCDl Capper Creek Diinion E.1-2.9
BKG l R
DG-1
TP1-2
TPZ-1
TP2-2
TP3-1
RG2
H-Wolden\DraR Final RI rpt\S-6\TaMes\mapkey6.xls
7/27/99
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne '
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
N/A
NIA
NIA
N/A
NIA
NIA
N/A
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
Ten Mile Creek
E.6-2.9
Railroad Creek near RG2
E.5-3.0
Copper Creek Diversion
E.1-3.0
Railroad Creek at Vehicle Bridge E.0-2.9
East of Tailings Pile 3
E.5-3.0
Nine Mile Creek
F-3
Railroad Creek near Seven Mile Creek F-3
Seven Mile Creek
F-3
Railroad Creek at Lucerene
NIA
Holden Creek
D-2
Railroad Creek West of Sle
D2
Railroad Creek at Mile Post 7 G3
Downstream of Vehicle Bridge E.0-2.9
Downstream of Tailings Pile 3 €6-3.0
Adjacent to Tailings Pile1 E.l-3.0
Downstream of Capper Creek E.2-3.0
Adjacent to Tailings Pile 2 , €3-3.0
Adjacent to Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
At Railroad Creek RC-2 Station E.5-3.0
Page 6 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

CLIENT PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDEhTTBL
INTERNAL DRA FT/FOR INTERKAL USE ONLY
TABLE 6.1-1
SECONDARY SULFATE MINERALS IDENTIFIED IN THE ABANDONED HOLDEN MILL
AND TAILINGS
. . . - . - . -- . - . - -. - . , . .. - - . - . . . . -. . - . . . .. . . . - -- .- -
G:\upduaU)[)5hpomU1olden-2\riW.doc
17693-005-0 19Uuly 26, 1999;4:44 PWRAFT RNAL RI REPORT
-- -. -- - , .. . . . . - . .. .- .

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BS'9
PZ'9
EZ'9
EZ'B
10'9
E'O
P .
0
1'0
C'8L
E'Z
9'0
10'0 LZZO'O
SE'O 8100'0
W'O OLW'O
10'0 LSZO'O
Ct'9 P000'0
OZ'O OBOO'O
50'0 LLPO'O
ZLOl
6901
SCOL
SEOl
PEO~
EZll
1'0
L'Z
0
1'0
0'28
I'L-
9'0
C
PC
0
1
PCOL
06-
L
6PE
11'0
11'0
IZ'E
LO'O
whva
9S'L
CPP 0 0 10'0 1SE 0 0 .9P'0 86's 1'0 10'0 8110'0 9111 1'0 1 Vf'Z
EPP
EPP
SZP
0
P'O
., 0
0
. 81
0
10'0
6110
10'0
1st
LSE
921
0
9'C9
1'1 I
0
SZZ
P
CW'O
Vf'Z
0'1
16's
L6'S
16'0
0
P'C9
P'O
00'0
SO'S
EO'O
8000'0
SZSO'O
IPlO'O
5111
SILL
992
0
C'L9
E'O
0
6P8
P
LZ'O
18'8
00'2
SZP 0 0 LOO ZZL S'Z 6 OB'P 60'0 9'0 SO'O OQZ0'0 291 9'0 L L9'E
SZP 0 0 10'0 Ell P'LZ 16 S8'9 P8'0 6'9. SS'O 68'20'0 SSZ 9's LL 00's.
SZP ' V'6 SZV CO'O 9L S'P 8L Lb00'0 82'0 S'C 82'0 Z0000'0 POL 9'PL PEL L0'0
8'2 L8'6 L000'0
pa01 2-38 P SAW ~fiu
en!lelnwn3 psol A peol 'auo3
Jedd03
9' 82'0 Z0000'0
PBO~ 2-38 JO s16w ifiw
e~!lelnwn3 psolq~ peol .auo3
wn!wpe3
8'LL 921 9LO'O
pe07 Z-38 JO sfiw i18w
oAtlelnwn3 peal% peol auo3
au!z
P'ZZ ZZLZ L6'U
00L 9SP6 C9'O
9SP6 VS SLS E'9E
8'26 ZLL8 6E'O
1~68 PW OSS~ 1.9~
L6EL P'Z LZZ 6'LP
~ 9 1 S'Z ~ PEL SS'O
IE69 0'1 26 8'96
6E89 5'0 IS S'CS
6819 P'l IEl 99'0
8S99
1999
0
10'0
0
1
, 1
LWE
V'OL 8999 LV'O
9599 0'9 ZLS SP'ZZ
P809 1'0 9 PZ'9
8109 20'0 Z 8l'E
9109 10'0 1 60'2
5109 S'6 P68 62'6
181s EO'O E W l
ELLS 1'0 L 26%
LLlS 8'0 EL EL'S
860s 6'CS 860s 9C.0
La09 08t'O
~801 Z-3tl JO 616w 118w
eulelnwn3 peo1 gb peol 31103
wn!seuOely
O'SB
9'6OOSL
Z'PL
B'L98PL
sxs
L'P
~'PZP
6'0
6'0
2'861
E'O
KO
b'LBLP1
S'SZ
6'0
SO
S'O
C'96
8'1
6'1
Z'Pi
L'LBLPL
.BSLPL
sn
smolj
muwee I~JOL
L-3M
P-dS
. L-38
aaueiegzweew
E-dS
we13 leddo3
t-dS
I-dS
(133
3OI-dS
MOL-dS
V3M
melee 1~3eeti
PZ-dS
1 1-dS
6-dS
S-d
7.1-dS
BEZ-dS
EZ-dS
1-3M
9-38
UO!I~IS
6LQ'SOQ'CEBLl 'ON 40r OJOOW 9 SOlUeO
SjllM eulw UaploH
~ 6 hew 6 ~ 'war3 peollley - PUOI~~I~JIP~ Bulpeoq
L-9'9 olqsl

TABLE 6.6-3
LOADING CALCULATIONS - RAILROAD CREEK, MAY 1998
1 = Includes both Big Creek Channels
2 = Estimated from field observations
e = Estimated from 1997 flow relationships
U = Undetected above indicated level
G:\wpdam\oo~par\hoIdm-mw.doc
17693405419Uuly 26,1999,4:45 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Table 6.64
Loadlng Calculations - Additional Source Areas, Spring and Fall 1997
Holden Mlne RllFS
Dames 6 Moore Job No. 17693906-019
Seep
SP-6
SP-7
SP-7
SP-8
SP-15 W
SP-15 E
SP-22
SP-21
SP-21
<
Site Location
West Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building ,
M~ll Buildlng
East Waste Rock Pile
Below SP8 at soulh end of lagoon
Below SP8 a1 south end of lepoon
Below SP7IMiII Mtc yard
East of Tailing Pile 3
East of Tailing Pile 3
Notes
Flow measurement not available.
Flow data for seeps taken from Table 4.4-6a. RC-2 Loading values for % loading calculation taken from Tables 6.6-1 and 6.6-2
N/A = Not Applicable.
h:\Holden\Drafl final ri rpt\S-6\tables\Table 6.6-4
7/27/99
Dale Collected
5/21/97
5/21/97
911 9/97
5/21/97
5/22/97
5/22/97
5/23/97
5/22/97
911 5197
Flows
L/s
0.439
4.267
0.568
2.112
4.267
0.943
55.5
0.109
Zinc
Conc. Load %Load
mg/L mgls of RC-2
22.1 9.70 0.8
4.33 18.5 1.5
3.47 N/A NIA
11.2 6.36 0.5
2.26 4.77 0.4
7.97 34.0 2.7
7.35 6.9 0.5
0.11 6.05 0.5
0.13 0.015 0.02
Cadmium
Conc. Load %Load
mglL mgls of RC-2
0.173 0.076 1.0
0.034 0.15 1.8
0.026 NIA NIA
0.088 0.050 0.6
0.094 0.0198 0.2
0.055 0.233 2.9
0.048 0.045 0.6
0.001 0 06 0.8
0.0011 0.00012 0.031
Copper
Conc. Load %Load
mg/L mgls of RC-2
12.7 5.58 1.6
2.81 12 3.4
1.93
I
NIA NIA
7.88 4.48 1.3
0.21 0.435 0.1
3.56 15.2 4.3
2.14 2.02 0.6
0 052 2.87 0.8
0.034 0.004 0 1
Iron
Conc. Load % Load
mg/L mg/s of RC-2
0.030 0.013 0:0002
0.12 0.51 0.01
0.22 NIA . NIA
.I
0.030 0.017 0.b004
0,010 0 0
0.080 0.34 0.008
0.010 0 0
1.00 55.5 1.2
1.53 0.167 0.004
DAMES B MOORE

i SOURCE: Walten et al., 1992
USGS Chelan Quadrangle 1973 .
. .,,,..,,,..... ......................................... .... ! ............................ - ..............
A B
DAMES & MOORE
Figure 6.1-1
RAILROAD CREEK WATERSHED MAP
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report
Job NO. 17693-005-019

Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

NOTE: This cross section is generally parallel to ore body
and 1500-level ventilator tunnel. Due to 1500-level
main tunnel having +1% grade, water flow is toward
main portal opening but not shown on this figure.
(See Figures 6.1 -2a and 6.1 -2b)
SOURCES: Northwest Geophysical Associates, 1997, Seismic tine A-A', 6-6: Holden Mine
Geophysical Investigation.
, Youngberg. E. A., Wilson, T. L., 1952, The Geology of the Hdden Mine, Economic
Geology, V. 47, No. 1, 1952, pp. 1-12.
W.A.B., 1942. Detailed Surface Geology Map, Howe Sound Co., Chelan Division
EE., H.B.S., 1938, Geology of 1500 Level, Howe Sound Company Chelan Division
DAMES & MOORE '
A ~ AW a MOORE CROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
LEGEND
rA Dike
Badnilled stope
- Intersection with
I-&.
I
Surface Water
r lnfim
300 LWI mrlal
(wen)
0 500 . 1,000
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
-.-.-.- Transform fault
Figure 6.1 -2
+ Direction of inferred water movement HOLDEN MINE SITE
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORT PATHWAY OF MINE
CROSS SECTION H-H'
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

1500 Ventilator Portal
(Elev. 3454)
t
1500-Level
____,- ,- Main Portal Dminage
(Elev. 3438')
Approxima'te -1% Grade -
for 1500-Level Approximate +1% Grade
Ventilator Tunnel
for 1500-Level
Main Tunnel
LEGEND
- Approximate extent of underground
workings for this mine level only
. . .. .
-- .
: . Approximate extent of stope
+ Direction of inferred water movement
0 600 1,200
Scale in Feet
'.' .
. .
. -
I
Plan View Outline of
'Honeymoon HeightWnderground Mine"
. ..
- .
\
\
\
\
\
1500-Level Continues
Figure 6.1 -2b
HOLDEN MlNE SITE
CONCEPTUALTRANSPORT PATHWAY OF MlNE
ke DAMES & MOORE PLAN VIEW OF 1500 LEVEL
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ob
NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report
- A

; SOURCE: Willten et al.. 1992 f
... ~,~.,...,.~~~~~~,~~,.. US.*.e+fl,.@d%!8!..!973 ........................................ ........................................................... ........................................................... i ..................................... ..................... i ........................................................... i i ........................................................... ;... . ... .- ..... .. . . ........-- - .... .-............-.;
A B C D E F G H I
Figure 6.1 -3
DAMES & MOORE - STREAMFLOW AND WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS - RAILROAD CREEK
RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report
A DbMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANy Holden M~ne
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9

Job NO. 17693-005-019
- - - -
LEGEND
O-) Seep sample location
SP14
P-1 Portal sample location
RCl Railroad Creek sample location
4 Approximate surface water flow path
Approximate Scale in Feet

SOURCE: SRK
Summer
\
Fall Winter Spring
(dry) (rain) (sno wpack
forms)
(veiy rapid
flushing) \
Weathering Weathering Weathering
Products accumulate Prodccts leached Products accumulate
5
neutralized (+/-)
Baseline Groundwater Flow
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
incompletely
neutralized
Figure 6.3-3
STORAGE AND TRANSPORT OF WEATHERING PRODUCTS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
Oxidant
I
2+ H+ SO 2+ + Heat
Fe , 9 d
H20 (transport mechanism)
weathering product
(reactant)
S,Fe oxidizi
(catalyst)
bacteria
Figure 6.3-1
DAMES & MOORE SULFIDE OXIDATION
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
Oxidant
I
H20 (transport mechanism)
H,O (reactant)
Bacteria-catalyst
Figure 6.3-2
DAMES & MOORE OXIDATIVE DISSOLUTION
A DAMES (L MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
DWVES & MOORE
A oAW 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693005-019
Figure 6.3-4a
Figure 6.3-4b
Figure 6.3-4
A1 (OH), STABILITY DIAGRAM
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Ganels an Christ, 1965
I
A DAMES d MOORE GROUP COMPANY
DAMES & MOORE
~ob NO 17693-005-01 9
F~gure 6.3-6
pH-Eh CONTROL ON PRECIPITATION/DISSOLUTlON
OF IRON MINERALS AND IONS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft F~nal RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
Trace elements are co-precipitated
with iron, manganese and aluminum
oxyhydroxides
Figure 6.3-7
DAMES & MOORE CO-PRECIPITATION
A DAMES &MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES d MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
RC 5
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building
Portal Drainage P-1
Portal Drainage P-5
1:l
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
- Sulfate (mmoleslL)
Figure 6.4-1
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
IRON VS SULFATE SCATTER PLOT
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

J O NO. ~ 17693-005-019
10000 -f
0 RC 1
1000
A
RC4
RC 7
X RC2
0 RC 5
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
/
/
,'
/
/
/
2 -
z E Y
X West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1
/
/
/
/
/
0
C
ij
1:l
5: 1 /
/
0.01
/
/
0.001 -:
/ 0
0.0001 -: / 0 co
/
/
ORE GROUP COMPANY
/
/
/
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
.! -
Sulfate (mmoles/L)
Figure 6.4-2
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
ZINC VS SULFATE SCATTER PLOT
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
10
0 RC 1
I
/
RC4
/ j
1 -i A, RC7
/ I
. / I
X RC2
I
/
0 RC5
1
0.1 -:
Tailings Pile 1
/ :I
+ Tailings Pile 2
/ : 1
/
- Tailings Pile 3
/
X West Waste Rock Pile /
S 0.01 -:
/
- 0)
East Waste Rock Pile
/
Mill Building /
/ ' x
Y 0.001 -i + Portal Drainage P-1
/
E 0 Portal Drainage P-5
A
.- a
/
. . , , &-I-
I
- - 1:1 .
E
/
u .... 100: 1
, -
0.0001 -i
I
8
. . '- ,I: .,.&,- ' P'. / /
1
/
/ ' . I
0.00001 -, / . --0
/
/
I
/
, . . . '@--
/
0.000001 -: / P.'@%" I
/ 0
/
~'0.000
- /
1
I
l/ ' ' ' a ' ,- , ~ U L W + ~ ~ L L _ I J . *-LU.--'-"-""UC"UC"UC-LLL.
1 _ 1
'1
0.0000001
0.0000001 0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
Zinc (mmoUL)
Figure 6.4-3
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
ZINC VS CADMIUM SCATTER PLOT
/ I
I-{olden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9
0 RC 1
RC 4
A RC7
X RC 2
0 RC5
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
1:l
200:l
Sulfate (rnmoleslL)
Figure 6.4-4
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
MANGANESE VS SULFATE SCATTER PLOT
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

'
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
x West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
0.000001
0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Sulfate (mmolesJL)
Figure 6.4-5
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
COPPER VS SULFATE SCAlTER PLOT
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

10 -1: -
I
e@ i !
1
I
1 -1 i
--- I I
s . ORC1
i
- al
RC4 i
i? A flC7 1
E
l
Y
X RC2
E
i
.- a
0 RC5
- 0
Tailings Pile 1
i
8 + Tailings Pile 2 I
I
- Tailings Pile 3 i
x west waste ROC^ Pile i
1
East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1 I
0 Portal Drainage P-5 I -
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES d MOORE GROUP COMPANY
I _ _ L _ I _ I I _ L _ I _ _
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Sulfate (mmoledL)
!
I
j
i
I
Figure 6.4-6
SURFACE ANDISEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
CALCIUM VS SULFATE SCATTER PLOT
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ o NO. b 17693-005-019 Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-01 9
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building Mine Seep waters
. + Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Sulfate (mmoles/L)
Figure 6.4-7
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
MAGNESIUM VS SULFATE SCATTER PLOT
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

I *
pi-- Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2 - Tailings Pile 3
x West Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building
0 Portal Drainage P-5
East Waste Rock Pile
+ Portal Drainage P-1
1:l
.... .10:1
. . . .. . . . Series1 6
Magnesium (mmoledL)
Figure 6.4-8
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE POTASSIUM VS MAGNESIUM SCATTER PLOT
A DAMES h MOORE GROUP COMPANY ,
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
o RC 1
RC 4
A RC7
x RC2 A
/
o RC5 Mine Seep waters
Tail~ngs Pile 1 (SP samples)
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Plle
East Waste Rock Pile
GI Mill Building
+ Portal Dramage P-1
0 Portal Dramage P-5
1.1
- 5: 1
6'
/
C samples)
Sulfate (mmolesR)
/
Figure 6.4-9
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
ALUMINUM VS SULFATE SCATTER PLOT
A DAMES L MOORE GROUP COMPANY . - Holden M~ne
Job NO. 17693-005-019
C:- .
RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY ,
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
ORC 4
I ARC7 XRC 2 I i
IoRC5 Tailings Pile I I i
!
+Tailings Pile 2 -Tailings Pile 3 1 I !
X West Waste Rock Pile 4 East Waste
EI Mill Building
0 Portal Drainage P-5 -
I
Figure 6.4-1 1
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
ALUMINUM VS pH SCATTER PLOT
Holden Mine RIJFS
Draft Final RI Report

,. ._ . ... . . _ .....,..,... " ..,..
ORC 1 ORC 4 I /
I ARC7 XRC 2 I
I ORC5. @Tailings Pile 1 I /
I +Tailings Pile 2 ;Tailings Pile 3 I
I I
I x West Waste Rock Pile East Waste Rock Pile 11
I Mill Building +portal Drainage P-1
I 0 Portal Drainage P-5
Figure 6.4-12
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE COPPER VS pH SCATTER PLOT
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job No. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-01 9
10000
1000 -i
100 .i
10 -i
3
P)
- 1 -i
z
E
Y
0.1 -i
i5
0.01
0.001
0.0001 .-i
'0~00001
-i
.......,.. ." . , .. . . - .
. . . ..a .:.
- 4 I
-.I.
i -
ORC4
ARC 7 XRC2
ORC 5 .Tailings Pile 1
+Tailings Pile 2
-Tailings Pile 3
I
X West Waste Rock Pile East Waste Rock Pile 1
El Mill Building +portal Drainage P-1 1
i
0 portal Drainage P-5 i I
!
i
I
x !
,.,., *i;..
( !)J 4 .9
rn tz.,+
- -
[,I Qt
$5 @ xo
-: I
X x a0 & !
, , , , , I , , , , , , , , , ( ' ' , . ; ' . I
I ; . a
0 O 0
0 0 i
I
!
I a I ~ t _ L l - i - A --,-
0
1 - 1 - - I
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
pH
Figure 6.4-1 3
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
ZINC VS pH SCAnER PLOT
i I
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

a 0)
-
E
V -
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-005-019
100 -:
10 -;
_ _,
, _ ,
, " ,, ^ ,.. _ . ..,., _ _ .., . . . . ... " __. . _ .,.. . . . . ,. _ . ... " . . . . " ... " ......... (... .... -.
ORC 4
XRC 2
1 -2 BMill Building +portal Drainage P-1
0.1 -I:
Tailings Pile 1
I
+Tailings Pile 2 -Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile East Waste Rock Pile
0 Portal Drainage P-5
-
Figure 6.4-1 4
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
CADMIUM VS pH SCATTER PLOT
i
1
I
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCES: SRK
H Flushing Reduced
Some Variable Air Movement
Northwest Geophysical Associates, 1997, Seismic Line A-A', 8-6'. Holden Mine
Geophysical Investigation.
Youngberg, E. A., Wilson, T. L., 1952, The Geology of the Holden Mine, Economic
Geology, V. 47, No. 1, 1952, pp. 1-12.
W.A.B., 1942, Detailed Surface Geology Map, Howe Sound Co., Chelan Division
F.E., H.B.S., 1938, Geology of 1500 Level, Howe Sound Company Chelan Division
DAMES & MOORE
LEGEND
. . . . . . . . . . . .
..::.:.::. . ...... . . . . . :, , . >. . .,. .... , Open stope
Badnilled stope .
ra Dike
-.-.-.- Transform fault
---W Direction of water movement
Direction of air movement
Surface Water
r Infilm
Intersection with 1 a.
NOTE:
This cross section is generally parallel to ore
body and 1500-level ventilator tunnel. Due to
the 1500-level main tunnel having +1% grade,
water flow is toward main portal opening but not
shown on this figure. (See Figures 6.1 -2a and
6.1 -2b)
0 500 1,000
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
GENERAL WATER AND AIR FLOW FEATURES
IN THE UNDERGROUND MINE-SUMMER
A DAMES 6 W R E GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
~ob No. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

-
.-
a 9
i
C
0
SOURCES: SRK
(Buckskin
.Formation)
Norlhwest Geophysical Associates, 1997, Seismic Line A-A: 8-8: Holden Mine
Geophysical Investigation.
1 .!XOLevel Main Tunnel'
LEGEND
--,
Oxidation of Sulphides
in Stopes
Open stope
Intersection with
Cross Section 1-1'
Surface Water
r lnfimQm
NOTE:
This cross section is generally parallel to ore
body and 1500-level ventilator tunnel. Due to
the 1500-level main tunnel having +1% grade,
water flow is toward main portal opening but not
shown on this figure. (See Figures 6.1 -2a and I
6.1 -2b)
Stagnant Conditions
Further Back in Mine
Approximate Groundwater
Continues Approximately 8.000'
0 500 1,000
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
1
-
Youngberg. E. A., Wilson, T: L., 1952, The Geology of the Holden Mine, Economic
Geology, L/: 47, No. 1, 1952. pp. 1-12.
W.A.B., 1942, Detailed Surface Geology Map, Howe Sound Co., Chelan Division
Backfilled stope
vrA Dike
F. E., H. B.S., 1938, Geology of 1500 Level, Howe Sound Company Chelan Division
Transform fault
-+ Direction of water movement
-) Direction of air mwement Figure 6.5-2
GENERAL WATER AND AIR FLOW FEATURES
DAMES & MOORE IN THE UNDERGROUND MINE-WINTER
A DAMS 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
1
~ob No. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report
I

SOURCES: SRK
'nfi""On
Limited Air Movement
Leaching of Oxidation
Products from Stopes
Intesef3on with
Cross Section I-I'
Surface Water
r
Local Ponding
(Buckskin
Formation)
Northwest Geophysical Associates, 1997, Seismic Line A-A: 6-6: Holden Mine
Geophysical Investigation.
Youngberg, E. A., Wdson, 1 L., 1952, The deology of the Holden Mine, Economic
Geology. K 47, No. 1, 1952. pp. 1-1 2.
W.A.B., 1942, Detailed Surface Geology Map. Howe ~ound'co., Chelan Division
Approximate -1% Grade lor
Venblator Tunnel and +1% Grade for
1 .SLevel Ma~n Tunnel'
F.E., H.B.S.. 1938, Geology of 1500 Level, Howe Sound Company Chelan Division
DAMES & MOORE *
1000 Level Portal
a . ..... .. .. :.
open
LEGEND
\
stope
Backfilled stope
Dike
700 Level Portal
-.-.-.- Transform fault
-+ Direction of water movement
Direction of air movement
5% Level Portal
' NOTE:
This cross section is generally parallel to ore ;
body and 1500-level ventilator tunnel. Due to ,
the 1500-level main tunnel having +1% grade, ,
water flow is toward main portal opening but not
shown on this figure. (See Figures 6.1-2a and
6.1 -2b)
Approximate Groundwater
Conbnues Approximately 8.000'
---•
~mately
--
0 500 1,000
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Figure 6.5-3
GENERAL WATER AND AIR FLOW FEATURES
IN THE UNDERGROUND MINE-SPRING
A DAMES 6 W R E GflOUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
! Draft Final RI Report
Job NO. 17693-005-019

Upslope Surface
Water Runm and -
Direct Preapitation
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Overbnd
~ h n ~
b
Mand
Omland
Flow
b
/nfi&Lim
(Ann) -
f3efand-
Flow
Infimatim
(m
Mand -
low
(AIRT) = (AhrviumcReworked Till)
Area West
of site
west
WasteRodtPile
(1500 Lsvd Main)
Mainte-w
DANES & MOORE .
ob&d Flow w
I . ( A m T 6 ~ )
l-~-------------------------------;-------------------------------------------------*
C_________________-------------------------------------------------------------
I
I
I -
Eddbaiiar
Seep SP-26
i (m year ~arnd)
Reworked Till
1500 Level
)
Ventilator Fbrtal
Abandoned
b Retention Pond
Containing Tailings
Groundwater
(AIRl-1
I
I--------------------------------------+
-+
InIiRratim
lnfillratim
Intemittmt
Drainage
----------------------------------------------,----------------+
Wade Rodc Piles Intermittent
(8OOandllO0 , G- - SBep.
(W
' *'
MI (SP-12 8 a)
,----+
-+
Movementm
BedrodcLMedby Perched Water
I
I
GkcialTill Caver
4
(IlooM he)
Bedrodc ---*
Mnefa6zed
Fractures
andJoblts
+ Mine
NorrMineralii
I----------------------_---------------------------------------------------
llO0Level
Failed Portal Waste Rodt tile -
(See Figure 4.26)
F
-+
!I
Figure 6.5-4
HONEYMOON HEIGHTS AND MINE SUPPORT AREAS
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORT PATHWAYS
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Drainage
P-5 b -
Groundwater
(rn
G37- Intermittent
b
Seepage
SP-6, SP-15
mrland
O,$ overland mow
b Intermittent
(MaylJune)
-
I
I
I L-------------------- ----3--------------*-------------------------
ou3dand Flow
............................
d
I
I
I\
------------- r---------.--------------------
/
I 1 r
I
I
Ovwland
mMnd
Row
I\
Unprocessed Ore "OW __-_______________--------- r-----------------------------
/
/nfimim.m elding lnfi~timb and Mineral Salts ~nfillratio? SP-7
I
(Ann) I
f m I
f m
I
lntemtmerrl
-
Mand
Ediion
mand
Oand
chwkmd
kand I
Intermittent
Row East hfmafh Groundwater
Flow
Flow
b Seeps
Copper Diversion Creek Flow I\ l
b WasteRodtPile
) Tailings Pile 1 SeepSP-19
[nfihtim (1500MMain) I (Am
SP-8
I
fm I I
I ' Infiifia? : ~nmhab~n : ~min~atim
l----------------------------v---------------------Z----------Z--II--I--II--:'---------~--------------------+ r I
awland
Flow
mtimaticn
Bedrodr
Copper
Basin
Owrand
1
"OW CopperCreek I
-
(See Figure 6.3-2)
RR Creek Drainage Channel
I
Draft Final RI Report

Figure 6.5-5
DAMES & MOORE 1997 PORTAL DRAINAGE SULFATE AND METALS LOAD
A W E S 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job No. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
$ Air Flow
8-b Water Flow
Summer Oxygen movement by diffusion
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMS a MOORE GROUP COMMNY
Oxidation in surface only
Water table low
Winter Snow pack
I Oxygen movement by convection
or diffusion
Limited leaching .
I
Snow pack melts
Leaching of salts by
rising water table and infiltration
I
Figure 6.5:6
GENERAL WATER AND AIR FLOW FEATURES IN THE SIDE-HILL
WASTE ROCK PILES
Holden Mine RIIFS

SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR, DEM CD ROM CONCEPTUAL GROUNDWATER FLOWPATHS
HOLDEN MINE SITE
DAMES & MOORE FALL CONDITIONS
A aAMEs 6 MWRE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

0 Acidity Addition
IXMES & MOORE
TransportIFate Processes
Ern
Metals Loading*
2.896 P.eh
I,
Cwrland Row b 3.6% 1%
(kern -
nm Area W 9.4% 3 65'
Of s'i 17.9% 16.9%
1 Gfilratim 'On
I
HONEYMOON HEIGHTS AND MINE SUPPORT AREAS
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORTIFATE PROCESSES AND RAILROAD CREEK METALS LOADING
A DAM3 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
-
Upslope Surface
Water Runon and -
Direct Precipitation
(kern
G&z Dtainage
Bed&
Seep SP-26
I - ' * (Fiows Year Rarnd)
-"'I
I
In~raPraPon
mmbin
Allwium/ Groundwater I
+ '
Reworked Till Ventilator Portal
Containing Tailings
I----------------------------------+
Roll HoneVroon lnterrninent . -
-
Waste Rodc Piles
L SP-26"
3.5%
Salt Addition - SP-24 8 25"
@ Alkalinity Addition
0 Adsorption (kedand
@ pH Buffering
0 Eh Buffering
@ Co-precipitation
0 Precipitation I
I
@ Efflorescence
b Seep SP-19
Notes:
'Metals loading based on
RC-2 concentrations. Bold
reflects Railroad Creek
sampling stations where
cumulative loads are
presented. (SP-I. SP-2) (See Figure 4. -)
" Metal loads 4% of load
as measured at RC-2
(AIRT) = (Aluviurn/Reworked Ell)
--
17.9%
4.5% 9.646
9.4% 3.6%
14.6% 7.W-
Figure 6.5-9
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
Oxidation limit
Mn++ FeO Sorbed .M - FeO
Oxidation by diffusion in near surface
..-.-.-.-.- Fteewaler surface Tailinga
Arrows indkals groundwaler
I'B' series) -
lbw direcbn. Flow maonltuds
Alluviumlrewofked lill . is proportional lo arrowiize.
.----- Potentlomelric
SUII~C~
('A* sariel) (' Dente till I, Solute Movement o--. loo - 200
-
Colluv~um - tail~ngs
Horizontal and Vertksl
Scale In Foe1
Bedrock Air Movement
groundwater
~ o NO. b 1'7693-00s-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

A RC7 1
0 RC5 , ' Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2 - Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rodc Pile East Waste Rock Pile
0.01 0.1
Potaeelum (mmoles/l)
+ Porlal Drainage P-1
A SP-231238
Figure 6.5-10
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE POTASSIUM VS SODIUM SCATTER PLOT
A OAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ob No. 17693-005-019 Draft Final RI Report

Direct Precipitation
IXMES & MOORE
Overland Overland
low Diversion
m
Tailings Pile 1
hiinntion
in AllwiumlReworked Till
Structure
Ditdl I 1 4 Diverts
Diverts Water to
Water to
Decant Tcwer
t
Groundwater
I
I
I
I Diversion
I
- - - - - - _ -
I 3-------- Channel
I
I
I I
I I
1 I
I I
7 Tailings Pile I
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - J - - - - - -
t -------------------------
I
I
Diversion
t
/'
Figure 6.5-1 2
TAILINGS PILE 1
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORT PATHWAYS
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9

DAMES & MOORE
Surface Water
Runon and -
Direct Precipitation
'I I
Overland -
lnfi~tration 7 I
lo Groundwater
------------ ........................ -n
I
I
Tailings Pile 3
I
I
I
1
I 1- - - - Railroad Abandoned creek - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -I
Infiltration I
to Groundwater Channel
t--
I Intermittent
Seep (SP-4)
1
I I
I
I
I OrPrland [-*-,
/ I
Ditch Diverts
4 HOW
- , I D SP-21
, [ * I 61~~eann~ater
lnfi~tration I I
\
~ve~land v
flaw now Ditch Diverts
Tailings Pile 3 Tailings Pile
Surface Water
Figure 6.5-14
TAILINGS PILE 3
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORT PATHWAYS
A D A N &MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9

Infiltration of Snowmelt and Intermittent Precipitation
..-.-.-. -.- Freewater surface m] Tailings Arrows indicate groundwater
.-----
("B" series)
Potentiometric
Surface ("An series)
174 AIWudreworkedtill
[-I Dense till
flow d~rection. Flow magnitude
is proportional to arrow sue.
Bedrock
0 100 200
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Ponded Water from Snowmelt
I
Figure 6.5-15
CONCEPTUAL HYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION
. D4MES & MOORE TAILINGS PILES #I, 2, AND 3--MAY
A DAME5 6 MOORE CROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

Note: Someflow lost into plane of figure,
travels through old stream channel.
..-.-.-.-.- Freewater surface mj Tailings Arrows indicate groundwater
("W series) flow direction. Flow magnitude
Allwiudreworked till is proportional to arrow size.
.----- Potentiometric
Surface ("A" series) ):'°"j Dense till
Bedrock
Infiltration of Intermittent Rainfall
0 100 200
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Figure 6.5-16
CONCEPTUAL HYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION
DAMES & MOORE TAILINGS PILES #I, 2, AND &SEPTEMBER
A ~ A Ma E MOORE ~ GROUP COMPANY
i
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Notes:
Water Runon and
Direct Precipitation t
Metals loading based on RC-2
concentrations. Bold reflects Railroad Creek
sampling stations where cumulative loads
are presented.
" Metal loads ~ 1 of % load as measured at
RC-2.
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
TransportlFate Processes
Diversion Pioe
I I 'I Structure I - I I I I I I
P
Two Ditches
Diverts Water to b
Copper Creek
hrland Overland -
flow flow Diverts Water to
w - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Tailings Pile 1 I ) Ditch
I -
I
I
Mand
1 4 7 1 77 Copper Creek flow
Diversion J
I
I
I --------- t ------- I t Baseof 7 Tailings Pile I
0 Acidity Addition 0 Adsorption
Salt Addition @ pH Buffering
@ Alkalinity Addition 0 Eh Buffering
(SP-I. SP-2)
----_--___-_______---------
@ Co-precipitation
@ Precipitation
8 Eff lorescence
L
Sauna
---------------
(See Figures 6.5-18 and 6.5-19)
Metals Loading*
Figure 6.5-17

Notes:
Runon and
Direct Precipitation
Metals loading based on RG2
concentrations. Bold reflects Railroad Creek
sampling stations where cumulative loads
are presented.
" Metal loads 4% of load as measured at
RC-2.
DAMES & MOORE
TransportlFate Processes
(See Figures 6.5-9 and 6.5-17)
Groundwater I-
Movement in - - Base of
Tailings Pile 2
/nfi/tratim Alluviurn/Reworked Till
Metals Loading*
L-q?z+~~l
(See Figure 6.5-1 9)
v
(See Figure 6.5-19)
0 Acidity Addition (@ Adsorption
Salt Addition @ pH Buffering
@ Alkalinity Addition . Eh Buffering
@ Co-precipitation
@ Precipitation
8 Efflorescence
Figure 6.5-18
TAILINGS PILE 2
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORTIFATE PROCESSES
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

Surface Water
Runon and
Direct Precipitation
' Note:
Metals loading based on RC-2
concentrations. Bold reflects Railroad Creek
sampling stations where cumulative loads are
presented.
TransporVFate Processes Metals Loading*
Infiltration
to Groundwater
------------ Base of ........................
I Tailings Pile 3
I
I
I
I
Infiltration ,
Abandoned
I lo Groundwater I Channel
I
I
I
I Intermittent
I
Seep (SP-4)
'--I
I is;, t ----------
I SP-17, SP-18) I
I I
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
........................
Overland
flow
I
I-,
I
I
Ditch Diverts
:I
I
1C
Overland I- 1
SP-21
J I I
Infiltration I
v
I
I
Ditch Diverts
Tailings Pile
water 1
1 u~~eanw~ater
I / ~urfack
0 Acidity Addition 0 Adsorption @ Co-precipitation
Salt Addition
@ Alkalinity Addition
@ pH Buffering
0 Eh Buffering
@ Precipitation
8 Efflorescence
f
- 0,
(See Figures 6.5-9, 6.5-17 and 6.5-18)
I -
Draft Final RI Report

Approximate Scale in Feet NOTES: NS Not sampled (no measurable flow)
SOURCE: ORB, 1975
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Seep (SP) and portal loading is point source contribution to
Railroad Creek as compared to RC-2. '
Railroad Creek loading is representative of cumulative load.
Loading balance data are provided in Section 6.0 of the report.
Figure 6.5-20
LOADING OF SELECT METALS IN
RAILROAD CREEK - SITE
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
L
DAMES ,& MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
t
I"
5400 ADlT
5300'
U
r;l.
8
Z
1D 0 .D PD 1Prm
......
I,Nm WT
5700'
Ssao'
L" .tiPIES;
1. MOST RAISES NOT
o SHOW
z
Figure 6.7-1
CROSS SECTION OF BAKER MINE
I
Holden Mine RI/FS
Draft Final RI Reporl

SOURCE: SRK
-
-
L
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
-0- Holden P-5 1997
4- Holden P-5
(Battelle) 1991
* Sullivan Mine
+- Baker Mine
- A
u
I I I I I I I I I I I
Figure 6.7-2
PORTAL DISCHARGE pH FROM SELECTED MINES
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
10 -i
DAMES & MOORE
+ Holden P-5 (Battelle) +- Baker Mine
1991 (unfilt.) * Holden P-5 (1 997)
++ Sullivan Mine
J F M A M J J A S 0 N D J
Month
Figure 6.7-3
COPPER DISCHARGE CONCENTRATIONS FROM SELECTED MINES
A DAMES d MOORE GROUP COMPANY Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
1000000
100000
10
- --
n A AACC Q. A A ~
unrv\~a
1 ____
ol rvtUUKt
A DAMES d MOORt GROUV LUMt'ANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
I
1 -). Holden P-5 (Battelle)
A
6 10000
- - +
3
Y
0
C
1991 (unfilt.) .I
N 1000 ++ Sullivan Mine
- ++ Baker Mine -
100
- -0- Holden P-5 1997
I I I I 1 I I
J F M A M J J A S 0 N D J
Month
I I I I
I
Figure 6.7-4
ZINC DISCHARGE CONCENTRATIONS FROM SELECTED MINES
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

(*
6.0 TRANSPORT AND FATE OF COMPOUNDS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN
Most hard rock metal mines, like the Holden Mine, involve excavation and processing of ore rock to
extract useful metals (e.g., copper and zinc) contained in minerals. The minerals may be smelted onsite to
produce the mepis, or, as in the case of the Holden Mine, the minerals are smelted off-site. As it is not
practical to recover all the minerals (particularly those containing iron), non-recovered minerals remain
onsite in: (1) the walls of the excavations (mine openings); (2) in rock removed to access the ore (waste
rock); and (3) in residues remaining from the processing of ore (tailings).
The metal-contaiing minds are formed under conditions in the earth's crust that are different than at
the surface. Some differences include, pressure and temperature (both greater in the crust), and water and
oxygen abundance (both greater at the surface due to exposure to the atmosphere). Because of these
differences, the minerals remaining on a site after mining are usually unstable in the atmosphere and
begin to breakdown almost immediately, releasing the metals they contain to flowing water, if present.
An analogue for the process is the transformation of iron to rust, which happens because iron is unstable
in the atmosphere; water flowing over the rust will contain iron.
Therefore, water flowing through mine sites very 'often contains metals reflecting the chemical instability
of the rock. These waters are often dissimilar from natural waters because contact with the minerals as
described above modifies the water chemistry. The mine waters may be acidic and contain relatively high
concentrations of dissolved sulfur. As the waters flow away from a mine, waste rock, or tailings, the
metals contained in the water can be removed by processes such as aeration, contact with acid
neutralizing rock, and mixing with natural acid-neutralizing waters.
Understanding these processes as they apply specifically to the Holden Mine Site is critical to evaluating
the sources of water quality impacts observed at the site and in Railroad Creek, and the options and
benefits of remediation. The purpose of Section 6, therefore, is to: (1) describe the processes controlling
release of metals from Site sources; (2) how metals are immobilized before they enter Railroad Creek;
and (3) the processes occurring when waters from the Site mix with Railroad Creek (Figure 6.1-1).
This section has been structured to develop the current understanding of the processes occurring at the
Holden Mine Site and how these processes impact the quality of surface water and groundwater at the site
and in Railroad Creek.
Subsection 6.1 summarizes findings on Site conditions presented in previous sections, of the report and
provides some new information to give context to the subsequent discussion of processes.
Subsequent sections describe the chemical interpretation of processes at the Site.
Subsection 6.2 describes specific methods used to interpret chemical processes at the Site.
Subsection 6.3 is a general introduction to chemical processes occurring when reactive minerals are
exposed to-weathering by the atmosphere, and processes by which metals are removed.
\\oM_S~l\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~~Wdcb2\riW.doc 6- 1
17693405019Uuly 27.1999;4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
DAMES & MOORE

Subsection 6.4 presents general Site wide evidence for the processes described in Subsection 6.3 and
reduces the variations in water chemistry to mechanisms that are common to the whole Site.
Subsection 6.5 presents variations in the processes as they apply to the different components of the Site.
Subsection 6.6 discusses impacts to Railroad Creek and presents a mass balance for the chemical loads to
determine if chemical loads can be accounted for by the known sources.
Subsection 6.7 compares Site with two other similar mine 'sites to determine if processes at the Holden
Mine resemble processes elsewhere in similar environmental settings.
Subsection 6.8 discusses the formation of flocculent and ferricrete in Railroad Creek and the downstream
transport of flocculent.
Subsection 6.9 discusses the metals data and transport mechanisms for sediment in Railroad Creek.
Subsection 6.10 provides conclusions for Section 6.
To assist in better understanding the Site conditions, Table 6.0-1 has been prepared which presents'a key
of Site features and media sampling/data collection locations as it relates to Figure 6.1-la.
6.1 SITE CONDITIONS
6.1.1 Bedrock Geology and Mineralogy
Bedrock mineralogy is the underlying fundamental control on mine site water geochemistry. This section
summarizes the mineralogy of the host rocks and ore deposit at the Site, as discussed in Section 4.2.3.
6.1.1.1 Host Rocks
The Holden Mine assemblage, which is the regional host for the Holden Mine deposit is dominated by
hornblende bearing rocks that include amphibolite, hornblende gneiss, and hornblende-biotite schist.
Calc-silicate rock, leucocratic gneiss, and plagioclase-biotite schist are less abundant constituents, and
marble, pelitic schist, and metaconglomerate occur locally (Dragovich and Derkey, 1994). This latter
assemblage includes the Martin Ridge and Buckskin schists, and the Fernow Gneiss of Youngberg and
Wilson (1952).
The deposit itself is hosted by the Buckskin schist which is a quartz amphibole schist sequence, with at
least two horizons of intermittent marble beds and calcareous'schists (Youngberg and Wilson, 1952).
Typical specimens have the following composition (Dubois, 1954):
Layers of almost pure quartz
Biotite-rich layers of 15 percent quartz (Si02), 45 percent plagioclase (NaAISi0308 to
CaA12Si208), 30 percent biotite (K(Mg,Fe)3(AISi3010)(OH)2), .and .10 percent
hornblende ((Ca,Na)2-3(Mg,Fe,Al)5Si6(Si,A1)2022(OI-I) and diopside (CaMgSi206)
\u)M-SEA I\VOLI\COMMO~WP\~W)~~~\M).~~~
6-2
17693005019Uuly 27.1999;4:42 PM-DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

1
I
.J
Quartz-rich layeis of 40 percent quartz, 30 percent plagioclase, 20 percent diopside, 4
percent hornblende, 2 percent sphene (CaTiO(Si04)) and 2 percent biotite
In the vicinity of the mineralized zone, the amphibole is altered to a black biotite, with local chlorite
((Mg,Fe)3(Si,Al)4010(OH)2.(Mg,Fe)3(OH)s) and sericite (KA12(AISi3010)(OH)2) alteration, and additional
amounts of quartz and sulfides. The increase in the biotite is usually accompanied by a decrease in the
lime-silicate (e.g., diopside) content.
6.1.1.2 Ore Deposit
Geologists at the Holden Mine originally classified the ore deposit as a vein-type deposit formed in a
shear zone (Youngberg and Wilson, 1952); However, it has recently. been re-classified as a
metamorphosed Kuroko-type VMS deposit (Dragovich and Derkey, 1994). The ore zone is interpreted to
be located within the limb of a large, northwest-trending, overturned, isoclinal fold.
Three distinct zones of mineralization, based on sulfide minerals can be distinguished (Dragovich and
Derkey, 1994):
1. The "original foatwall sulfide zone," contains pyrrhotite (Fel,S), pyrite (FeS2), biotite
and sericite. Pyrite and pyrrhotite in this zone is largely disseminated, and the contact
with the original footwall is diffise or irregular.
2. The "original footwall ore zone" which contains pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and
gold (Au) mineralization. This is partially interbedded with the footwall sulfide zone.
Economically, it was the most important unit at the mine.
3. The "hanging wall ore zone," which contains pyrite and sphalerite (ZnS), with lesser
amounts of pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and galena (PbS). Over 50 percent of the
mineralization in this zone is present as sulfides. The contact with the original hanging
wail rocks is sharp.
Because this sequence is overturned, the "original footwall" is now the structural hanging wall.
Other minerals identified in the deposit include: magnetite (FqOd), quartz, molybdenite (MoS3, calcite
(CaC03), bournonite (PbCuSbS3), silver (Ag), and possibly pitchblende (U4) (Youngberg and Wilson,
1952).
Post-ore intrusive "diabase" dykes cross the ore zone in several locations, varying from approximately
twenty-four percent abundance at the 2125 level to almost fifty percent at the 2500 level (Ebbutt, 1956)
(Figure 6.1-2). The dykes have a well-developed igneous texture, and are comprised of quartz-diorite.
Typical specimens are light colored, with a porphyritic medium grained texture. They contain 10 percent
-quartz, 70 percent plagioclase, 10 percent hornblende, and 5 percent chlorite, with minor biotite, apatite
(ca~(P0~)3(0H,F,Cl)), sphene, sericite and magnetite. They form sharp contacts with their host rocks
(Dubois, 1954). The intrusives appear to be related to the late-Triassic Marblemount belt (Dragovich and
Derkey, 1994). The dykes represent an important waste component of the ore and therefore the minerals
are expected to be present in the tailings.
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Other geologic units in the deposit area include:
a An anhydrite (CaSO,) lens which was mapped for 120 feet along strike, immediately
overlying the original hanging wall. The anhydride was described as a light gray, purple
tinged mass, banded with the amphibolite host.
a Occasional bands of marble and limesilicate granulites, with a composition of 5 percent
qua* 30 percent plagioclase, 30 percent diopside, 20 percent grossularite
(Ca3A12Si3012), and 10 percent calcite, with minor wollastonite (CaSi03).
6.1.13 Occurrence of Significant Sulfide Minerals
The primary sulfide minerals in the Holden Mine ore deposit occur in the following forms:
a Pyrite - abundant in mineralized zones, and as disseminations in the argillites. In the ore
zone, it is highly brecciated, with corroded 'kdges. Outside of the ore zone, cubes of
pyrite are "not uncommon."
a Pyrrhotite -Abundant within ore zone, generally massive in form.
a Sphalerite - gradational phases between disseminations and massive replacements in the
footwall of the ore zone: Sphalerite has a high iron content, and approaches mannatite
(Zn-FeS) in composition. It is concentrated in the east-end of the mine.
• Chalcopyrite - Concentrated in the central part of the mineralized zone, varying from
massive to disseminated. Replaces and/or heals fractures in pyrite and pynhotite.
6.1.1.4 Conclusion
The conclusions from the review of mineralogical information are:
The dominant sulfide minerals present at the Holden Mine are iron-based (pyrite,
pyrrhotite). Weathering of these minerals is a primary mechanism of the Holden Mine
Site water chemistry.
a The dominant silicates are aluminum-based (plagioclase and biotite).
Carbonate minerals are rare at the Holden Mine.
a Non-sulfide mineralogy of the tailings is expected to be dominated by minerals contained
in the diabase dykes because the dykes intersect the ore zone, whereas the mine wall
rocks and waste rock are more likely to be dominated by biotite schist.
6.1.2 Mineralogy of Secondary Minerals
Minerals (i.e., crystalline substances) and amorphous solids produced by weathering processes are
visually apparent throughout the Holden Mine Site. These include ubiquitous orange-brown iron-stains
on waste rock and tailings indicating iron oxides and white precipitates observed in the 1500-level main
.portal drainage (Figures 6.1-1 and 6.1-la). The latter is believed to be amorphous aluminum hydroxide.
Green (copper) stain is also present on marble waste rock in the two waste rock piles near the 1500-level
main portal and in the abandoned mill building.
\U)M-SMI\VOLI\COMMOMWR~W)~\hoI~2\n1M).doc 6-4 DAMES & MOORE
1769340541 Wuly 27.1999;4:11 -RAFT FINAL RI REPORT a
C,
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Crystalline crusts were observed in the mill building and where seepage emerges along the toes of the
tailings piles. The USGS used X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine the types of minerals present in
1994 (personal communication with Jim Kilbum, 1999) (Table 6.1-1). AU minerals were identified to be
sulfates in combination with aluminum, iron, copper, potassium, sodium, magnesium, zinc, and calcium.
These minerals are not unique to the Holden Mine and have been documented at many other mine sites.
This section summarizes the hydrology/hydrogeology discussed in Sections 4.3 and 4.4, and describes a
general conceptual site transport pathway model for the Site. The model serves as the basis for
interpretation of surface water and groundwater PCOC discharge from Site features as they relate to water
quality in Railroad Creek.
6.1.3.1 General Transport ~stbway Model
The Site receives surface water and groundwater flow from upgradient sources that include snowmelt and
rainfall runoff from adjacent valley sides and from direct precipitation as either rain or snow.
Groundwater within the Railroad Creek valley and at the Site exists as shallow and deeper isolated
occurrences. Shallow groundwater occurs near the base of the tailings piles and within a relatively thin
near-surface alluvium/reworked glacial till (reworked sand and gravel) that is perched above less
permeable glacial till. Site groundwater within these units discharges as seeps or as diffuse groundwater
to Railroad Creek. The alluvium/reworked till unit is considered to be moderately permeable with
estimated hydraulic conductivities ranging from 9 x lo4 to 5.3 x 10" cm/sec. The underlying glacial till
t unit is a relatively low permeability material that is assumed to separate the groundwater that occurs in
the bedrock fractures from the groundwater that occurs in the overlying alluvium/reworked till. The
:. underlying glacial till unit may contain limited localized occurrences of water. The glacial till unit is
. . - a estimated to have lower permeabilities than the alluvium/reworked till unit, with hydraulic conductivities
ranging from 10" to 10'1° cdsec.
' :
The interrelationship between Site groundwater and surface water is the focus of the transport pathway
discussion and includes the following mechanisms: (1) surface water overland flow and infiltration, (2)
seepage as overland flow, (3) seepage as direct groundwater discharge to Railroad Creek, and (4)
;groundwater discharge as baseflow into the bed of Railroad Creek. Other transport pathways such as air
,.transport of tailings or transport of tailings directly into Railroad Creek as a result of bank erosion are
considered to be a minor influence on water quality in Railroad Creek.
In general, upslope surface water from direct precipitation and snow melt run-on infiltrates and recharges
groundwater through fractures within the bedrock found along the valley sidewalls and through the pore
spaces of the surficial deposits including the alluvium/reworked till unit, where present. Upslope surface
water run-on results in overland flow and infiltration across and through Site features and eventually
discharges to Railroad Creek as overland flow or as diffuse groundwater. Baseflow to Railroad Creek is
provided by diffise groundwater flow which likely flows in alluvium underlying the creek.
Seeps discharges from the surficial materials at the Site at points where local groundwater elevations are
higher than ground elevations. Seepage may (1) discharge directlyinto Railroad Creek, (2) flow overland
to Railroad Creek, and (3) flow overland and reinfiltrate. In the spring, most water enters the Site from
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snowmelt on the adjacent valley slopes, so that primary groundwater flow directions are perpendicular to
the trend of Railroad Creek. Groundwater discharge to Railroad Creek decreases over the summer.
Through the summer months as groundwater levels decrease, groundwater beneath the Site begins to flow
downstream to the east rather than directly toward Railroad Creek. The flow loss occurs because water
levels in Railroad Creek m above water levels in the alluvial aquifer near the eastern portion of the site.
The area immediately east of tailings pile 3 replenishes groundwater storage and is assumed to discharge
back to Railroad Creek along the reach in and near SP-2 I, immediately east of RC-2. This assumption is
based on the observed exposure of bedrock on the south bank of Railroad Creek, immediately
downstream of SP-21. The presence of bedrock, and absence of alluvial material, indicates that the
groundwater likely becomes surface water (Railroad Creek) at this location. Seep discharge is largest in
the spring and essentially stops by late summer, indicating snowmelt as the primary source of seep flow.
6.13.2 West Side of Site
The west side of the Site includes the Honeymoon Heights drainage area, mine area, underground mine
workings, the east and west waste rock piles, mill building area, and the maintenance yard (Figures 6.1-1
and 6.1-la). Some of the upslope run-on probably enters near-surface discontinuities in bedrock south
and upslope of the Site and flows downward through bedrock fractures, through abandoned stopes and
mineralized (unmined) portions of the underground mine and contacts residual mineralization on rock
faces of the stopes and tunnels as shown on Figures 6.1-2 and 6.1-2a. The water emerges as either surface
water overland flow (i.e., 1500-level main portal drainage) and can reinfiltrate as seeps that emerge as
overland flow andlor as diffuse groundwater discharge to Railroad Creek.
Some of the overland flow from upslope run-on also moves across the Honeymoon Heights waste rock
piles (800 and 1100 level) or the mill area, and the maintenance yard and then travels downslope to other
drainage features such as the lagoon and other miscellaneous drainage channels (Figures 6.1 - la and 6.1-
2b). Not all groundwater comes into contact with the underground mine workings. Some portion of
groundwater flow from the west side of the site is assumed to be diverted into the abandoned Railroad
Creek channel and also flows beneath the tailings piles.
6.133 East Side of Site
The east side of the Site includes tailings piles 1, 2, and 3 (Figure 6.1-la). Upslope surface water
overland flow from direct precipitation and snow melt is transported to Copper Creek and also infiltrates
across and through tailings piles 1,2, and 3. Surface water is further transported to other drainage feitures
including ditches that divert water to Copper Creek, an abandoned decant tower near the southern margin
of tailings pile 1, the Copper Creek diversion, and the sauna dipping pool. Groundwater recharge from
upslope run-on and infiltration occurs through the fractures within the bedrock found along the valley
sidewalls and in the alluvium/reworked till, where present (Figures 6.1-3 and 6.1-3a). Infiltration occurs
through the tailings piles from a combination of sources including upslope run-on as well as snow-melt
and direct precipitation on the tailings piles. Infiltration through these features contributes recharge to
groundwater in the alluvium/reworked till beneath the tailings piles which eventually discharges as seeps
and groundwater baseflow to Railroad Creek. The discharge rate decreases after the spring snow melt
period. Some portion of groundwater flow from the west portion of the site is assumed to be diverted into
the abandoned Railroad Creek channel and also flows beneath the tailings piles.
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I
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4.
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Evidence of significant surfkce and channel erosion in Site drainages was not observed and therefore,
there does not appear to be a direct water borne pathway for significant quantities of metal-containing
sediments to enter Railroad Creek h m the Site. Under extreme flow events, bank erosion in Railroad
Creek and channel shifting with subsequent erosion of tailings in Copper Creek can potentially transport
tailings into Railroad Creek. Channel scour and re-suspension of flocculent and fine particulates
originating as iron oxide (and other) metal precipitates, and which settle into the Railroad Creek
streambed, is also a transport mechanism which can carry metals downstream. Although large channel
scour events in Railroad Creek which transport bed material long distances downstream are not common
(due to the size of the dominant bed material and bed armoring), transport of iron-oxides as fine
suspended material was observed several times during high flow events in 1997.
6.2 GEOCHEMISTRY INTERPRETATION TOOLS
Interaction of minerals with the atmosphere and the formation of new minerals control the chemistry of
waters originating from the Site. A critical component of the geochemical interpretation is therefore the
determination of which minerals in the rocks are controlling the original source of the water, and which
new minerals are forming and removing metals fiom solution. These two groups of minerals are referred
to as primary, indicating that they are present in the rocks, and secondary, indicating that they are formed
when metals released from the primary minerals react with other dissolved or solid constituents. The fust
group does not include all minerals in the rocks because some minerals are inherently unreactive.
The following subsections describe the interpretative tools that were used to evaluate chemical processes
occurring at the Site.
, , 6.2.1 Contribution of Primary Mine*
Subsection 6.1 .I described the types of primary minerals reported to be present in the rocks within the
Holden Mine. The processes that contribute the components of primary minerals to mine water chemistry
are introduced below and described in more detail in Subsection 6.3.
The controlling process on water chemistry at the Site is the oxidation of iron sulfide (pyrite),
summarized as:
The acid (H+) produced by this reaction, can then dissolve other minerals, for example, calcite:
or, other more abundant minerals (for example, potassium feldspar):
It can be seen fiom reaction (6-1) that each mole of pyrite produces two moles of sulfate ion and four
moles of hydrogen ions (representing acidity). Reactions (62) and (6-3) indicate thai these four hydkgen
ions then react with calcite and produce two ions of calcium or four ions of potassium. Therefore, if
\UYM-SU I\VOLI\COMMOMWR~U#~U~~~~~~MO.~~~
6-7
17693M)S419Uuly 27.1999,4:11 PM;Dm FINAL R1 REPORT

calcite were being dissolved, one ion of oalciurn or two ions of potassium would match one ion of sulfate.
Comparison of the ratios of sulfate to other elements is used as a tool to understand which minerals may
be contributing to mine water chemistry. Two different waters may have dissimilar concentrations of
sulfate and other elements, but if the ratios are similar, a common source process is implied. In the above
example, comparison of ratios of calcium to po&s& would indicate the relative contributions of calcite
and potassium feldspars to water chemistry.
63.2 Formation of Secondary Minerals
Subsection 6.1.2 also described the types of secondary minerals that have been observed within the
Holden Mine (Table 6.1- 1). These minerals are formed, in part, when the water can no longer contain the
cdmponents that form the mineral. The simplest example is the fonnation of sodium chloride crystals
when a solution of common salt is heated, causing water to be evaporated. The evaporation causes the
concentrations of sodium and chloride to increase in the water. Eventually, the laws of thermodynamics
dictate that salt crystals will form as the concentrations increase. As the crystals form, sodium and
chloride are removed from the water and the concentrations of sodium and chloride in the water remain
steady.
At hard rock metal mine sites, the formation of secondary minerals from water can be predicted or
confirmed using the same principals. It is useful to predict the precipitation of secondary minerals
because it indicates where metals are being removed from solution, and how these minerals may be
preventing pH from increasing. Increase in pH allows heavy metals to precipitate. Further discussion of
secondary mineral formation is provided in Subsection 6.3.3.
Several models are available to evaluate water chemistry for evidence of formation of secondary
minerals. These models include MTNTEQA2, WATEQF, PHREEQC and EQ3. The differences between
the models include the database of elements and minerals, the ability to model mixing of waters
(PHREEQC), and the ability to model saline solutions (EQ3). For this project, the MMTEQA2 (Allison
et al. 1991) model was selected but with the database developed by Nordstrom et al. (1990). The reasons
for this selection are as follows:
The model was developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency and is probably
the most widely used of its type.
The Nordstrom et al. (1990) database is larger than the original MMTEQA2 database.
Individual waters rather than mixed waters are evaluated.
The waters at the Holden Mine are relatively dilute and do not require the use of EQ3.
The inputs to MTNTEQA2 (and all comparable models) are the dissolved concentrations of all analyzed
parameters, and other conditions such as temperature, pH, Eh and gas concentrations. The outputs from
the model are:
Ion (charge) balances (expressed as Cations-Anions/Total Ions, in meq/L)
Mass distribution of dissolved ions and ion complexes

Predicted saturation indices (SI) for any mineral possibly in equilibrium with the
solution. If log(S1) is greater than 0, the solution is defined as saturated with respect to
that mineral, meaning that the mineral may be in contact with the solution or
precipitating. If log(SI)

63.1.1 Sulfide Mineral Oxidation
a,
The dominant source process controlling release of inorganic constituents at the Holden Mine is expected
to be the oxidation of iron sulfide minerals, which releases oxidized iron and acidity (Figure 6.3-1).
Oxygen is the typical oxidizing agent due to its abundance in the atmosphere. However, it is also a very
significant control on the rate of weathering of sulfide minerals. It can limit the rate of weathering if it
cannot be re-supplied at a greater rate than the maximum rate of oxidation. The role of oxygen supply is
discussed further in Subsection 6.5.1 under the description of the chemical processes in the individual
sources. I
The overall process is summarized by Equation (6-1) above, but it is usually described as occurring in
three steps:
a Oxidation of supde to sulfote. The first step results in the formation of soluble iron(I1)
sulfate weathering products on the surfaces of the iron sulfide mineral (Figure 6.3-1).
The types of mineral formed depend on composition of groundwaters in contact with the
mineral and the overall humidity. The reaction is catalyzed by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria
(for example, thiobacilli). Acidity formed may be entrained in the initial oxidation
product or dissolved in groundwaters in contact with the sulfide minerals. In some cases,
oxidation of sulfur to sulfate may be incomplete resulting in formation of elemental
sulfur. The overall reaction can be summarized as:
• Oxidation of iron(Z0 to iron(ZZ9. The second stage is catalyzed by iron-oxidizing
bacteria (e.g., Ilriobaci1lu.s ferrooxidans), and is the rate-determining step for the
complete oxidation of iron sulfide. The oxidation may occur in minerals containing
iron(I1) or by oxidation of groundwaters containing iron(I1). The process consumes
acidity:
Fe2' + !44 + H' + Fe3' + W20 (6-5)
• Hydrolysis of iron(IZr). The final stage involves formation of ferric hydroxide. The
reaction is rapid and produces further acidity:
The final step only occurs at pH>3. Under stronger acidic conditions (pHO), femc hydroxide does not
precipitate and iron(II1) remains in solution. The resulting strongly acidic oxidized solution is capable of
oxidizing pyrite directly without oxygen:
This reaction is capable of sustaining very low pHs (much less than 3) and does not require bacteria as a
catalyst. However, the pH must be less than 3 to allow ~ e to ~ be ' available as an oxidant.
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I769UMU)I Wuly 27, 1999;4:11 PM;DUFT FINAL RI REPORT

Another iron sulfide mineral at the Holden Mine is pynhotite (Fel,S). This mineral is commonly more
reactive than pyrite (MEND 1991) but the reaction products are similar. Sulfur may be incompletely
oxidized to elemental sulfur rather than sulfate.
The dominant copper mineral at th; Holden Mine is chalcopyrite. It oxidizes by similar processes,
releasing acid, sulfate and copper to solution:
CuFeS2 + 171402 + 5/2H20 -> Fe(Om + cu2' + 2H' + 2~01" (6-8)
Chalcopyrite is less readily oxidized than pynhotite or pyrite (MEND 1991).
Like iron, copper will precipitate due to hydrolysis:
cu2' + 2H20 t, Cu(OH)2 + 2W
This reaction occurs most at a higher pH (4.0) than iron and produces a precipitate.
.;s
63.1.2 Oxidative Dissolution
Oxidative dissolution refers to the breakdown of other minerals by oxidizing their individual components
(Figure 6.3-2). It is an important mechanism for release of heavy metals fiom other types of sulfide
minerals (at the Holden Mine, primarily sphalerite and chalcopyrite). These minerals may not oxidize
rapidly when exposed to atmospheric oxygen alone but when exposed to the strongly acidic solutions
generated by oxidation of pyrite can be oxidized by dissolved iron(II1):
Sphalerite can also be oxidized directly by air:
ZnS + 8~e" + 4H20 -) 8~e~' + zn2' + SO:- + 8W (6- 10)
ZnS + 202 + zn2++ SO? (6-1 1)
A third mechanism of oxidative dissolution o&urs when two different minerals with different rest
potentials are in contact and form an electrical cell with one'mineral acting as the' cathode and the othet as
the anode (Kwong, 1995). If sphalerite (Rest Potential -240 mV) is on contact with pyrite (630 mV),
oxidation of sphalerite occurs preferentially, and pyrite is protecte'd from oxidation. Sphalerite acts as the
anode undergoing oxidation:
This process only occurs in sulfide deposits where there is a strong electrical connectioli between sulfide
grains.
63.13 Acid-Consuming Mineials
The water produced by weathering of sulfide minerals is typically acidic (pH

The acid in the water can be removed by interaction of the solutions with other types of minerals, or by
mixing of acidic solutions with waters containing dissolved alkalinity produced by contact with these
minerals. An example is the buffering of acidity by contact with calcium carbonate minerals.. These
control pH at between 6 and 8:
At the Holden Mine, carbonate minerals generally appear to be rare, but alumino-silicate minerals can
potentially buffer acidity, primarily resulting in the release of aluminum, for example, reaction of the
calcium end-member of plagioclase feldspar (anorthite):
The crystallinity of the silicates limits their reactivity. Framework silicates such as feldspars, have
limited reactivity. Layer silicates (for example, chlorite, biotite and sericite) can be very effective buffers
due to their weak crystalline structure. Bioite is a relatively abundant mineral at the Holden Mine. It
consumes acidity, releasing magnesium, iron, aluminum and silica. Diopside, a relatively abundant
mineral at the Holden Mine, also reacts with acid releasing calcium and magnesium.
The aluminum released when alumino-silicates dissolve in acid can be hydrolyzed to aluminum
hydroxide, releasing acidity:
This buffer controls pH at between pH 4 and 5 and commonly results in the formation of pale precipitates
in mine drainage (for example, the 1500-level main portal, P-1 discharge station). These precipitates are
typically amorphous (non-crystalline) and incorporate other elements.
Ferric hydroxide also buffers acidity, though at a level considered undesirable because the pH of 3 to 3.5
is below the pH at which hydroxides of heavy metals such as copper will precipitate. The fenic
hydroxide buffer reaction is:
63.2 Seasonal Leaching Effects
The above processes describe how acidity and metals are possibly released and neutralized by reaction
with nearby minerals. An important component in these interactions is the rate and flow of water. If water
flow is completely absent, the processes largely proceed in isolation. For example, sulfide minerals will
oxidize producing soluble weathering products but the resulting acidity and metal load will remain stored
on the mineral surface. Neutralizing minerals will also slowly weather but the alkalinity produced will
not be available. This is often the case for mine workings and waste rock associated with hard rock metal
mine sites since preferential flow paths (for example, along fractures in the bedrock within the
underground mine) develop. The weathering products remain stored and do not influence leachate quality
unless contacted by water from a storm event or flooding.
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. .. .
.I.-
..9
6
If water flow is available to dissolve weathering products on a mineral surface, then the rate of flow and
flow variability become important considerations. At the ~klden Mime, flow of water is highly variable
and results in significant seasonal variations in water quality associated with the source mas. These
variations are illustrated conceptually in Figure 6.3-3. The sequence is shown as beginning in summer
because this typically represents the time when accumulation of weathering products on mineral surfaces
begins after extensive leaching by melt-waters in the spring. Summer is typically a dry season when little
water infiltrates onto the surfaces of sources except during rain-storms. Under these conditions,
weathering products accumulate on the surfaces of sulfide minerals but are not leached. Seepage water
quality under these conditions typically represents groundwater baseflow, with little or no contribution
from surface water drainage.
In the fall, rainfall leads to infiltration of water on and into rock piles. The downward moving flow front
dissolves weathering products that accumulated in the summer. The flow front contacts buffering
minerals and pH increases. Since the water flow rate is relatively low and slow, conditions are optimal
for raising pH by contact with weaker buffering minerals (such as silicates).
In the winter, the formation of snow-pack ties up the moisture and causes flow to decrease again, and
weathering products again begin to accumulate on mineral surfaces.
Melting of the snowpack in spring leads to the release of relatively large volumes of water and thorough
flushing (though never complete) of weathering products from mineral surfaces. The resulting solutions
are acidic and contain high solute concentrations. Buffering minerals may be less effective in the spring
than in the fall due to the inability to fully react with solute because the water is relatively fast moving.
. . As the melt event proceeds, solute loads and concentrations both.increase. However, as weathering
. products are leached, it is possible for. concentrations and loads to gradually decrease. This may occur in
thin. relatively coarse deposits such as waste rock where leaching can be nearly complete and not
... constrained by solubility of secondary minerals.
--.-.:
:' 63.3 ~atural Metal Removal Processes
Weathering and leaching of mine workings, waste rock or tailings results in water with variable pH
(depending on the degree of acid consumption) and elevated sulfate and metal concentrations. These
leachates are produced in oxidizing to reducing environments by relatively slow moving groundwaters.
Upon exiting the areas, the leachates are exposed to contact with an unlimited supply of oxygen,
atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, and mixing with dilute and frequently alkaline waters. Since
these conditions differ from those in which the leachates formed, the solution chemistry adjusts
(equilibrates) to the new condition. The following sections discuss these re-equilibration processes and
the effect they have on concentrations of heavy metals in solution.
The processes described include:
Dilution.
pH Control.
Eh control.
Efflorescence.
17693-00~-01!lUul~ 27.1999;4:11 &R&FINAL RJ REPORT

a Co-precipitation.
a Sorption.
633.1 Description of P~ocesses
Dilution
During the mixing of waters of different origins, the mass of some chemical parameters in solution may
be conserved due to the lack of processes resulting in loss from solution. The concentration in the mixed
solution reflects that the total mass is constant but contained in a different volume of water. The resulting
concentration, C, produced can be calculated from:
The concentrations and water quantities for the two mixed solutions are CA, CB, and Qh Q8, respectively.
Conservation of mass allows the origin of mixed waters to be evaluated. It can also be used to evaluate
the reliability of the water balance by performing a mass balance.
Chemical parameters for which the above calculation is reliable are referred to as "conservative." No
pararrieters are conservative under all conditions since mixing may produce a change in pH or Eh
(oxidation~reduction potential) that could conceivably cause precipitation. However, in the context of
mining environments, some elements can be regarded as conservative. Under oxidizing, relatively dilute
conditions, sulfate is conserved. Sulfate is non-conservative when an acid water containing high
concentrations of sulfate mixes with a solution containing high concentrations of calcium. Hydrated
calcium sulfate (or gypsum) is precipitated when both calcium and sulfate are removed from solution.
Similarly, calcium is removed from solution, and is non-conservative. Calcium is even less conservative
than sulfate because it is readily dissolved from a variety of common rock types containing carbonate.
Magnesium also suffers from similar limitations to calcium except that its sulfate (epsomite) is more
soluble than calcium sulfate and is less likely to be precipitated from solution containing high sulfate
concentrations. It is also less common than calcium as a readily soluble constituent in common rock
types though it also occurs in carbonate rocks as dolomite and magnesite.
Anions of the halogen elements (fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide) can also be conservative due to the
relatively high solubility of their compounds. The main limitation is that their concentrations he usually
not high enough in mine waters to be detected.
Most heavy elements are not conservative because other fate processes described below affect them. Zinc
often shows quasi-conservative behavior because its hydroxide is relatively soluble under typical natural
water conditions. However, it is co-precipitated when hydroxides of iron and aluminum precipitate.
For the Holden Mine, magnesium has been identified as a useful conservative element downstream of
potential mine-influenced sources.
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pH Control on Precipitation~Dissolution
Change in pH is probably the most important mechanism controlling the initial fate of metals in mine
.drainage. As described in Section 6.2.1, mine drainage often has a pH of less than 4 due to oxidation of
sulfide minerals. As the acidic leachates contact buffering sources (minerals) and mix with alkaline
waters, the pH increases. The stability of minerals is defined in part by pH. For example, the stability of
aluminum hydroxide in terms of pH can be defmed based on the reaction:
The equilibrium constant for the reaction is:
This defines the relationship between pH (-log an+) and aluminum activity (aA3+) which in turn can be
used to calculate part of the pH-activity diagram shown in Figure 6-3.4. Note that activities (a) are
determined from concentrations adjusted using activity coefficients (y), for example:
Other reactions define other parts of the curve:
41 =Y% (6-20)
AI(OH)2' + H20 o AI(OH)3 + Hf (6-2 1)
.-.'. . . AI(oH)" + 2H20 AI(OH)3 + 2Hf (6-22)
.! .y.- ..,.
The outcome of this diagram is that as an acidic solution evolves in pH by contact with aluminum-
: :: containing minerals, pH increases and aluminum also increases (see hypothetical trajectory). '~ventuall~,
c. the stability line for aluminum hydroxide is reached and aluminum hydroxide precipitates. As long as
aluminum hydroxide is in contact with the solution, the trajectory then follows the curve. down as pH
'increases further (for example, if the water mixes with another alkaline water). Aluminum concentrations
decrease as aluminum hydroxide precipitates. This is a very common effect at mine sites as demonstrated
by the occurrence of white precipitates within the.1500-level main portal drainage (Figure 6.1-la). Figure
6.3-4(a) shows aluminum concentrations on a log scale to illustrate the curve. Figure 6.3-4(b) shows the
&me diagram on an arithmetic scale to illustrate that once the curve is .intersected, and pH continues to
increase, ,aluminum concentrations decrease very rapidly, becoming "undetectable" by pH 5.
similar curves can be drawn for other common precipitates such as red ferric hydroxide (Figure 6.3-5)
and green basic copper carbonate. When carbonates fonn, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide also
affects the pH arid the type of mineral that fonn. For example, under atmospheric conditions, the stable
basic copper carbonate is malachite, but at higher carbon dioxide pore pressures, azurite will form.
The pH changes therefore control the fate of dissolved potential contaminants by causing them to
precipitate. Reversals in pH also cause dissolution by the same processes.
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Eh Control on Precipitatioa/Dissolution
Eh describes the oxidation state of a constituent. Unlike pH which refers to the actual activity of
hydrogen ions in a water, Eh does not refer to concentration of any particular ion. The oxidation state is
.
defmed by the balance between oxidation,reduction couples (in mine waters most commonly ~e''/Fe"):
where:
e- is an electron.
The equilibrium constant is:
Since k is constant, the ratio of activities of the iron ions defines a, which is proportional to Eh.
Like pH, the stability of minerals can be defined in terms of Eh. Eh-pH diagrams are often constructed to
show the stability of minerals and ions. If a mineral and dissolved ion are in contact and in equilibrium,
the pH and Eh is constrained to the line shown on the pH-Eh diagram. In Figure 6.3-6, the line between
~ e and ~ FeOOH ' is defined by the half reaction:
~e" + 2H20 + FeOOH + 3H' + e- (6-25)
The e' indicates that an electron has been lost due to oxidation of Few) to Fe(III). The reaction shows
that the slope on the Eh-pH diagram is negative as shown in Figure 6.3-6 (assuming a fixed total iron
concentration).
The electron can be taken up by any oxidizing species, for example oxygen (02):
These diagrams can be used to explain the evolution of tailings' groundwater. At the surface of the
tailings, the sulfide minerals oxidize to produce acidic groundwater containing dissolved iron. At the
surface, the presence of oxygen could allow Fe(II) and Fe(II1) to be in equilibrium. As the water
infiltrates into the tailings mass, only ~ e" is stable. If neutralizing minerals are present, the pH will
increase while Eh is decreasing. Alumino-silicate buffering constrains pH to between 4 and 5, If the
porewater mixes with oxygenated groundwater (e.g., water in contact with a fast-flowing surface stream),
the Eh increases, and eventually the solution reaches the line defining the stability between ~ e" and iron
oxyhydroxide. This causes iron oxyhydroxide to precipitate, removing iron from solution. As Eh further
increases, pH will decrease due to the release of H' during precipitation. Eventually, the solution could
be expected to enter the field in which only iron oxyhydroxide is stable.
Efflorescence
Efflorescence refers to the precipitation of minerals due to the evaporation of water. The process is very
commonly observed along the edge of seeps, and mine drainage collection pools and streams during the
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summer. Efflorescence occurs when water becomes saturated with respect to minerals and nucleation of
crystals can occur. Chemical saturation is defmed by the solubility product &), which is the equilibrium
constant for reactions such as:
Whether a mineral can be expected to form by efflorescence is determined by the saturation index (SI):
where:
IAP is the ion activity product. If SI is greater than 1, the mineral is expected to
precipitate from the solution. As indicated above, there are kinetic considerations whkh
prevent precipitation, so solutions can appear over-saturated. SIs are usually expressed as
logs so that the critical value is 0, rather than 1.
Co-precipitation describes the mechanism by which trace metal ions are incorporated into the structure of
precipitating solids (Figure 6.3-7). It is a very important process during pH andlor Eh changes, which
cause precipitation of aluminum, manganese and iron oxyhydroxides. The trace metals may be present at
concentrations well below those required to precipitate their own hydroxides but the rapid precipitation
processes allow the elements to be incorporated into the structure due to their similar physico-chemical
properties. Evidence of the process is commonly observed in the analysis of iron precipitates. Examples
of elements affected by co-precipitation include copper, zinc, cadmium, cobalt, manganese and arsenic.
Sorption
Sorption describes surface charge effects that allow trace elements to be precipitated at lower
concentrations than predicted based purely on the solubility of their oxides and hydroxides. The results
are often indistinguishable from co-precipitation. However, sorption involves the trace elements
attaching to the surface of iron and manganese oxyhydroxides after the oxyhydroxides have formed rather
than during their formation. The process is common in stream beds where iron and manganese
oxyhydroxides coat sediments. It is commonly observed that iron and manganese concentrations in fine
stream sediments are very strongly correlated with concentrations of trace metals due to sorption.
Sorption refers to numerous complex surface processes, which are specific to each substrate. However,
the main control is pH because the sorptive surfaces undergo charge reversal at a certain pH referred to as
the zero-point-of-charge (zpc). The surfaces are positively charged as pHpH,. Above pH, cations are therefore attracted to the surfaces. Figure 6.3-8 illustrates some
typical curves showing amount adsorbed on goethite versus pH for several elements. The upper part of
the curve represents near 100 percent adsorption. As shown, the transition from negligible to near
complete adsorption occurs over a pH range of about 2 units. Sorption occurs onto organic materials and
organisms (plants and'animals). Intake of trace elements by plants and bacteria may occur.
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Weathering of iron-bearing sulfide minerals (including pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite) produces water
containing acid, sulfate and iron. This water is strongly acidic and oxidizing, and can oxidize and dissolve
other sulfide minerals (such as sphalerite). The acidic water also reacts with other minerals, particularly
carbonate and silicates. 'Ihese minerals consume acid, releasing their elements to solution. Reaction with
silicates commonly releases aluminum, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. The water produced
by reaction with rocks commonly contains a mixture of elements reflecting these processes.
As mine-influenced water mixes with other more dilute waters, concentrations can be diluted. Metals can
also be removed from solution by a variety of processes including pH and Eh increases (resulting in
precipitation), efflorescence (removal by evapo-concentration), co-precipitation (removal of metals by
precipitation), and sorption (removal by precipitation on secondary minerals). These processes can
significantly remove metals before the water enters Railroad Creek.
6.4 EVIDENCE AND IMPLICATIONS OF GENERAL CHEMICAL PROCESSES AT THE
HOLDEN MINE SITE
As a first step in understanding weathering processes at individual hyd rock metal mine sites, it is useful
to examine water chemistry for evidence of overall chemical controls. The exposed walls, waste rock and
tailings all originate from a narrow geological sequence containing specific minerals as described in
Section 6.1.2. It is expected that the chemistry of waters at the Site have some common characteristics
that reflect:
The presence of certain abundant reactive sulfide minerals (pyrite, pyrrhotite,
chalcopyrite, sphalerite) and silicate minerals (principally chlorite, biotite and sericite) in
.the ore and host rocks
The chemical changes resulting from oxygenation and mixing of these waters with the
dilute runoff, groundwater, or surface water
. The following subsections describe overall site-specific evidence for these reactions. The interpretative
tool used is described in Section 6.2.1. Bivariate scatter plots showing concentrations of metals versus
sulfate and each other were examined. If the data points fall on a straight line with a constant slope and
intercept near 0 (arithmetic axes) or a slope of 1 (logarithmic axes), a constant ratio of the two parameters .
is implied. This indicates a common mineralogical source. For example, dissolution of sphalerite (ZnS)
would produce a water with zinc/sulfate (Zn/S04)=l (molar concentrations), regardless of the quantity of
water contacting the mineral. A constant ratio can be preserved for several different waters all influenced
by the same process. If the data lie on a straight line with a nori-zero intercept (arithmetic axes) or a
curvilinear trend (logarithmic axes), mixing of two different waters is indicated.
The data used in these interpretations are shown in Section 5 and include all surface water and seep
samples collected in 1997 and 1998.
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6.4.1 Evidence of Iron Sulfide Mineral Oxidation
Sulfate is the best indicator of oxidation processes because oxidation of iron sulfides (pyrite and
pyrrhotite) (Figure 6.3-1) and oxidative dissolution of heavy metal sulfides (Figure 6.3-2) produce
secondary iron sulfate salts. Iron is also released when pyrite and pyrrhotite are oxidized; it is only useful
as an indicator of iron sulfide oxidation in low pH (SO,) represented by
tailings pile 1 with Railroad Creek waters originating upstream (RC-1, SOpFe). This implies that the
seep.waters from tailings piles 2 and 3 are comparable to tailings pile 1, but more dilute due to mixing
wid~ailroad Creek. It would be expected that the downstream waters in Railmad Creek (for example,
RC-2 would lie exactly on this trend (i.e., Fe increasing with respect to SO4 while Fe/S04

zinc sulfate salts. Zinc and sulfate concentrations are correlated and the ratio is constant (Figure 6.4-2);
however, zinc is less than sulfate. This can be explained as follows:
Oxidation of iron sulfides releases iron, sulfate and acidity (Equations 6-4 to 6-6). The
acidity released is proportional to the sulfate released.
The acidity released enhances oxidation of sphalerite. The greater the acidity, the greater
the release of zinc. Hence, the zinc concentration is proportional to acidity.
As a result, sulfate, produced by oxidation of iron sulfide, is correlated with zinc
produced by oxidation of sphalerite. In this process, sulfate exceeds zinc release.
The difference between tailings and other locations is consistent with negligible sphalerite concentrations
in the tailings (due'to ore processing) but residual sphalerite in the mine workings, waste rock piles, and
the abandoned mill building.
Zinc to cadmium ratios (Figure 6.4-3) are nearly constant throughout the Site. The generally constant
values indicate that cadmium is associated with sphalerite, and that sphalerite tends to have a constant
zinc to cadmium value. Cadmium and zinc also show very similar chemical behavior in the range of
natural conditions. This is a very common observation for hard rock metal mine sites, as at the Holden
Mine where the type'of sphalerite appears to be relatively uniform.
A very strong correlation exists between manganese and sulfate (Figure 6-44), and a constant ratio
applies to the whole Site (Mn/S04 = 0.005). Manganese can be associated with both sulfides (e.g., pyrite,
sphalerite), iron oxides and as a minor phase substituting in iron silicates. Manganese is relatively
resistant to pH and Eh changes under surface conditions, hence it may remain in solution. The
relationship suggests a constant Site-wide control on manganese chemistry (i.e., leaching of pyrite and
sphalerite).
Sphalerite oxidation therefore occurs in the presence of acidic waters produced by the oxidation of iron
sulfides. This releases zinc, cadmium and probably manganese.
6.43 Evidence of Oxidation of Chalcopyrite
Copper concentrations are consistent with oxidation of chalcopyrite and production of secondary copper
sulfate salts. Several common copper sulfates have also been documented at the Site (see Table 6.1-1).
Relationships between copper and sulfate (Figure 6.4-5) are similar to zinc and sulfate (Figure 6.4-2),
although the data are more scattered. Copper to sulfate ratios are greatest for the abandoned mill building,
the east and west waste rock pile area seeps, and 1500-level main portal drainage (pHc5). The ratio is
relatively consistent for these sources (-0.03). Lower ratios are apparent for the iess acidic 1500-level
main portal drainage. This reflects the strong pH control on copper concentrations at pH>5. As the pH
increases, copper concentrations decrease but sulfate is unaffected.
The tailings pile seeps (noted on the Figure 6.4-5 as "tailings piles 1, 2 and 3") indicated a much lower
ratio (lo4) in acidic waters (pH4). This is consistent with removal of the main source of copper
(chalcopyrite) fiom the ore during processing. The tailings therefore contain little chalcopyrite compared
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to the underground mine workings, residual concentrates in the abandoned mill building and waste rdck
. piles.
Based on this information, chalcopyrite is considered 'the primary mineral source of copper in Site waters.
The abundance of available chalcopyrite is an important limitation on copper concentrations in seeps, as
discussed later in this section.
6.4.4 Evidence of Acid-Buffering by Minerals
Assuming that acid production is represented by sulfate, the effect of acid-buffering can be evaluated by
comparing sulfate concentrations with alkali and alkali earth elements commonly associated with acid-
buffering minerals. At the Holden Mine, fhese minerals include carbonates containing calcium and
magnesium (in marbles), calc-silicate rocks, and alumino-silicates containing magnesium (chlorite, micas,
hornblende), calcium (hornblende, plagioclase feldspars), potassium ,(biotite, sericite) and sodium
(hornblende, plagioclase, clays). Comparison of sulfate with potassium, magnesium, calcium, and
sodium, as well as inter-comparisons for the elements can indicate the types of buffering reactions
occurring.
Calcium is probably the most ubiquitous element (after silicon) as it occurs in plagioclase, diopside and
hornblende. Plagioclase is a major component of all rock types.
Calcium shows a strong correlation with sulfate (Figure 6.4-6), though tailings pile 1 shows a different
relationship than the other water sources. The calcium to sulfate ratio is approximately 0.5, except for
.IU .* .: tailirigs pile 1 (0.2). The constant ratios are consistent with leaching reactions of the type for calcic
plagioclase:
.- .n.. The.difference for tailings pile 1 suggests that leachate chemistry is controlled by different mineralogy or
: : 'that the lower pH is allowing different minerals to react with the acidity.
Magnesium is also a ubiquitous element occurring in several minerals (hornblende, biotite and chlorite).
The ratio between sulfate and magnesium is nearly constant for the whole Site (Mgt'S04-0.2, Figure 6.4-
7). Railroad Creek waters show a decreasing ratio of magnesium to sulfate, consistent with mixing of the
higher magnesium background surface waters with higher sulfate mine waters. The very strong
relationship between magnesium and sulfate indicates a ubiquitous buffering reaction by magnesium and
aluminum containing minerals (e.g., biotite), for example:
The value of x is less than 1. The same reaction could be written for chlorite or hornblende, both of
which are also common minerals at the Holden Mine Site. Evidence that biotite is an important buffering
control is shown by the relationship between potassium and magnesium (Figure 6.4-8). For the 1500-
level portal drainage, the ratio of potassium to magnesium averages 0.33 which is consistent with
buffering by biotite with x near 1 (ir., 3 moles of magnesium for each mole of potassium) or additional
1769340~419Wuly 27.1999;4:11 PMD~FINAL RI REPORT

uff~ng by other magnesium-based minerals lacking potassium such as chlorite. The lower potassium
to magnesium ratio for tailings piles 1 and 2 indicates that bioite is less significant. This is consistent
with the presence of diabase, which has little biotite or sericite.
comparison of sulfate and aluminum also supports the general conclusion of buffering by alumino-
silicates (Figure 6.4-9); however, aluminum concentrations are lowered by aluminum hydroxides
precipitation, hence the relationship is only stable at higher sulfate and lower pH.
In summary, abundant alumino-silicates (calcic plagioclase, biotite and possible chlorite) are involved in
buffering acid produced by oxidation of iron sulfide minerals.
6.4.5 Evidence of Metal Attenuation
Secondary mineral precipitation controls can be examined principally by comparing metal concentrations
with pH. Further discussion of mineral solubility controls using MINTEQA2 (Allison et al. 1991) is
provided in Section 6.5 for each of the water quality monitoring locations.
The relationship between iron and pH indicates a strong negative correlation (Figure 6.4-10). Lower pHs
(0.5) are associated with high iron concentrations in the tailings pile seeps. Scatter at higher pHs can be
caused by colloidal flocculent indicating high "dissolved" iron concentrations (for example, in surface
waters and emergent groundwater) and ferrous iron (ground waters), which remains in solution at neutral
pH. Scatter can also be the result of concentrations near laboratory detection limits. The general
relationship between iron and pH indicates pH control by precipitation/dissolutian of iron oxyhydroxides.
Difference in iron concentrations at various locations at' the Site are therefore strongly controlled by
solubility of secondary iron minerals produced when ferrous iron oxidizes to ferric iron which then
precipitates as femc hydroxide:
The pH to aluminum relationship (Figure 6.4-1 1) is similar to iron except that the transition to low
aluminum concentrations occurs between pH of 4 and 5. Above pH 5, aluminum concentrations are very
low or are not detected above detection limits. The strong correlation implies aluminum solubility control
by precipitation of aluminum hydroxide in mine waters.
Surface water in Railroad Creek has fairly constant aluminum concentrations (0.001 mmoVL) which are
probably not high enough to be controlled by 'aluminum hydroxide (AI(OW3) solubility.
The strong relationships between pH to iron and pH to aluminum, and the abundance of both iron and
aluminum in the rocks and tailings indicate that precipitates form when these minerals are released and
serve as important pH buffers for the Holden Mine Site. It is therefore likely that the solubility of other
minerals will also be limited due to the buffering capacity of these minerals.
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The pH to copper relationship (Figure 6.4-12) shows some indication of pH controls. Copper is higher in
concentration in the west area of the site than the east area. The abandoned mill building, portal drainage
and waste rock piles indicate a negative correlation between copper and pH implying a constraint on
copper concentrations for these data. In comparison, much lower copper concentrations are seen in the
tailings pile seeps. The data do not have sufficient pH range to demonstrate a relationship between
copper and pH, though tailings pile 1 has lower copper concentrations at higher pH. The tailings pile data
probably indicate a limit to the availability of copper in the tailings but also possibly indicate the effects
of co-precipitation of ferric hydroxides. In the case of limited copper availability in tailings, the
correlation of pH and copper reflects only the increased leaching of copper by stronger acidic solutions.
Copper concentrations in surface waters of Railroad Creek are very low and do not appear to be
controlled by the solubility of copper secondary minerals. Coprecipitation and adsorption on iron
coatings and other materials on stream sediments is expected to attenuate copper concentrations in stream
waters.
The plot of pH and zinc (Figure 6.4-13) is similar to copper except that the mill building, portal drainage
and waste rock piles appear to have relatively stable zinc concentrations (between 0.1 and 1 m a). This
may imply a mineral solubility constraint, although zinc minerals are far more soluble than indicated by
these data. The tailings pile data appear to indicate a limit to the availability of zinc, as zinc would be
expected to occur at much higher concentrations in low pH water (by extrapolation of the pH to zinc trend
for the mill building, portal drainage, and waste rock piles). The correlation of zinc and pH may, like
copper, be caused by co-precipitation of zinc with ferric hydroxides, with the effect decreasing as pH
decreases. omp par is on of sulfate and aluminum also supports the general conclusion of buffering by
alumino-silicates (Figure 6.4-9) shown by examination of magnesium and potassium concentrations.
sulfate is correlated with aluminum at high aluminum and sulfate concentrations indicating that
generation of acid, represented by sulfate results in attack on alumino-silicates releasing aluminum in
proportion to acidity. However, aluminum concentrations are lowered by aluminum hydroxides
precipitation, hence the relationship is only stable at higher sulfate and lower pH. Aluminum is removed
rather than sulfate as pH increases introducing scatter in the relationship between the parameters in Figure
6.4-9.
The cadmium to pH relationship is similar to Zn-pH indicating that zinc and cadmium show similar
geochemical behavior (Figure 6.4- 14).
Water ch'emistry indicates that pH is controlled by the formation of amorphous hydroxide precipitates of
iron and aluminum. The formation of these precipitates constrains pH, which allows copper to remain in
solution, but precipitation also allows attenuation by co-precipitation and provides a substrate for
adsorption.
6.4.6 Conclusions
Evaluation of water chemistry .indicates that geochemical behavior consistent with the well-known
processes discussed in Section 6.3 is occurring throughout the Holden Mine Site. Conclusions fiom this
section are as follows:
Consistent geochemical processes are occurring throughout the Site, specifically iron
sulfide oxidation, sphalerite and chalcopyrite oxidation, buffering and metal attenuation.
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The geochemistry of Site waters is generally consistent with oxidation of pyrite and
pyrrhotite to release sulfate, iron and acid. The molar ratio of sulfate to iron in acidic
solutions is consistent with the ratios in the minerals. Oxidation of iron sulfides is the
main source of sulfate in the waters. Iron solubility is controlled by pH.
Oxidation of sphalerite results in the release of zinc, cadmium ,and probably manganese.
The low concentration of sphalerite in all of the tailings piles due to ore processing
results in relatively low zinc concentrations in seepage water.
Oxidation of chalcopyrite results in the release of copper. The abundance of chalcopyrite
is an important limitation. The tailings piles contain very little chalcopyrite (due to ore
processing) and therefore seeps from the tailings piles contain relatively low copper
concentrations. Copper concentrations in surface water of Railroad Creek are low and
are not controlled by the solubility of copper secondary minerals, but rather by sorption
processes.
Buffering of acidity produced by sulfide oxidation is occurring by the reaction of waters
with alumino-silicates. The main silicates involved in the reaction appear to be calcic
plagioclase, biotite and possibly chlorite. The contribution of these minerals is indicated
by the correlation of calcium, magnesium, potassium and aluminum concentrations with
sulfate and each other.
Since alumino-silicates are ubiquitous and abundant, buffering occurs close to the source
of acid generation.
The release of aluminum by an acid reaction with alumino-silicates results in an
important control on pH. Precipitation of aluminum hydroxide controls pH at 4.5. This
limits the solubility of some metals (e.g., iron) but also allows pH to be low enough to
allow copper, zinc and other metals to remain in solution. This in turn allows ,metals to
reach Railroad Creek with little attenuation.
The comparison of sulfate and aluminum supports the general conclusion of buffering by
alumino-silicates; however, aluminum concentrations are lowered by aluminum
hydroxide precipitation, hence the relationship is only stable at higher sulfate and lower
pH.
6.5 GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRGPTION OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES
This section presents difference of the processes that are occurring in different parts of the Site and that
reflect unique characteristics associated with specific sources. The differences in processes at these
source areas are generally related to the movement of air and the movement of water. Air movement is a
fundamental process controVfactor because it is regulates the degree to which oxidation occurs. If oxygen
is readily available, oxidation is not limited by oxygen supply but can occur at a rate dictated by the
properties of the minerals. Water movement is also an important controlling factor because it controls the
dissolution and transport of weathering products. Seasonal variations in water flow also control variations
in load release of drainage waters that discharge to Railroad Creek.
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DAMES & MOORE

6.5.1 Air and Water Movement Associated with the Honeymoon Heights and Mine Support
Areas
The Honeymoon Heights and Mine Support areas include the underground mine, waste rock piles,
abandoned mill building and maintenance yard. Each source area is described below.
63.1.1 Underground Mine Processes
Air Movement
The underground mine contains specific physical features which control the weathering and leaching of
surfaces within the mine (Figure 6.5-1):
Several portals are partially open to open (300-, 1 100-, 1500-level main, and 1500-level
'ventilator); however, only the lowest portal (1500 level main) is discharging water on a
year round basis.
No major vertically-oriented surface openings such as "glory holes" (openings to the
ground surface) or shafts exist.
The mine is flooded below the 1500 level, and the majority of the stopes below the 1500-
level have been backfilled.
All of the stopes above the 1 500 level are not backfilled.
An important feature of the underground mine is that it was reported to have a consistent internal
temperature of 50°F (McWilliarns, 1958), likely due to the geothermal gradient. This is an important
factor to the availability and supply of oxygen for oxidation in the underground mine.
In the summer, it has been observed that air both enters and exits the mine at the 300-, 1 100-, and 1500-
level portals. This is likely due to the sinking of cool, dense air in the mine when the outside temperature
is above 5O0F, an effect resulting in air being drawn into the mine at other locations (i.e., 300-level), and
rising of less dense air when the outside temperature is below 50°F. Air flow through the mine is also
assumed to be caused by changes in barometric pressure. The air movement probably leads to
oxygenation of relatively near surface workings as shown in Figure'6.5- 1.
Winter is the likely time of relatively high air movement in the underground mine due to the significant
temperature difference between the external environment and the mine (Figure 6.5-2). The average
difference is estimated to be 30°F. As a result, warm air in the mine rises drawing air in through the
lower portals and causing venting from the upper part of the mine. These conditions allow oxygen to
peneke into the workings resulting in oxidation of sulfide minerals and accumulation of weathering
products through the winter. Stopes farther back within the mine'probably experience relatively stagnant
air conditions with relatively low oxygen concentrations and thus limited oxidation of sulfide minerals.
Flooded stopes below the water table remain permanently inaccessible to oxygen.
In the spring, aifflow reduces as external temperature increases and the external temperatures and mine
temperatures are within 10°F (Figure 6.5-3).
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DAMES & MOORE

. .
.. .
Water Flow
The mine drainage area encompasses the underground mine, 1500-level main portal, 1100-level mine,-and
the 1500-level ventilator portal. The anticipated transport pathways for these areas are shown on Figure 6.5-
4. Conceptual flowpaths for spring conditions (snowmelt period, roughly May to June) from the mine
workings has been observed primarily hm the 1500-level main portal, with relatively minor discharges .
h m the 1 100-level portal and the 1500-level ventilator portal. Mine water discharge occurring h m any of
the surface exposures of faults or shear zones which intersect the orebody have not been observed.
In the spring, snowmelt enters near-surface discontinuities in the bedrock south of the Site and flows
downward through the open stopes above the 1500-level of the underground mine. Intiltrating groundwater
flows through mineralized but unmined portions of the mine and contacts residual mineralization on rock
faces of the stopes and tunnels. The water emerges at the 1500-level main portal (portal drainage), flows ,
overland, and discharges to Railroad Creek. Infiltration to groundwater in the alluviumlreworked till may
occur during overland flow transport which eventually &,hes Railroad Creek as baseflow. The 1500-level
main portal drainage and potential loading contribution is further discussed below under Portal Drainage.
Infiltration fiom upslope run-on also seasonally perches in the 1100-level tunnel which then emerges as
Seep A-I. This water infiltrates the surfaces of the 800- and 1100-level waste rock piles. An intermittent
seep was observed near the base of the 800-level waste rock pile; the seep w& sampled as it entered the
intennittent drainage (SP-14 lower). The intermittent drainage then eventually infiltrates colluvium and
glacial till and is assumed to discharge into the Railroad Cmk as baseflow; however, it is not known for '
certain whether seep SP-23 is the discharge point for the infiltrated water h m the intermittent drainage; - see
Section 6.5.1.4 for further discussion.
The 1500-level ventilator portal is located approximately one-half mile west of the 1500-level main portal
(Figures 6.1-la). As mentioned in Section 4.1.3.2, a civil survey of the 1500-level ventilator portal
indicated that the opening is approximately 20 feet higher in elevation than the 1500-level main portal. In
addition, continuous flow measurements collected by a data logger installed at the 1500-level main portal
(as discussed in Section 4.3.3.6) indicate relatively rapid and significant responses (within approximately
one day) to precipitation events, which suggests that the pool behind the dammed portal is relatively low.
Also, as discussed in Section 6.5.1.4, the chemistry of the water sampled at the 1500-level ventilator portal
indicated very dilute concentrations of metals when compared with the 1500-level main portal drainage (P-
1). Consequently, it is likely that the water observed flowing h m the 1500-level ventilator portal is
meteoric groundwater seeping out of the glacial soil through which the portal was noted to have been
timbered for the fvst 300 feet.
In the event that the water was actually backed up behind the failed portion of the 1500-level main portal to
a level that would allow water to flow from the 1500-level ventilator portal, the water would not likely flow
out of the opening but more likely would drain down through the "300 feet of gravels" noted on the mine
map. in such an event, water would most likely flow through the subsurface into' Railroad Creek
downstream of the ventilator portal. A seep was observed below the 1500-level ventilator portal (SP-26).
However, as discussed in Section 6.5.1.4, the chemistry of the SP-26 water indicated very dilute
concentrations of metals when compared with the 1500-level main portal drainage (P-I), and SP-26 likely
reflects meteoric water affected by an abandoned surface water retention area with tailings materials, and
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.._/
not originating from the underground mine. As noted later in this section, no other unaccounted sources of
metals loading are noted in Railroad Creek between RC-6 (upstream of Seep SP-26) and RC-4 (downstream
sampling station).
In July and August, influx of water into the mine is assumed to be, on average, significantly less than
during the snowmelt period. By fall, the influx of water into the mine from upslope is assumed to be
entirely from rainfall. As these months experience lower precipitation, overland flow through the 800-
and 1100-level waste rock piles is significantly reduced. Seeps downslope fiom Honeymoon Heights
were noted to flow only in response to rainfall events during the fall 1997 field program.
Underground Mine Water Chemistry
Comparison of seepage chemistry from the Honeymoon Heights drainage area suggests that the upslope
waters, represented by seep SP- 14 (which includes SP- 14, SP- 14 Lower, and SP- 14 Upper), have been only
moderately influenced by the mine or natural occurrences of mineralization. Metals and sulfate
concentrations for seep SP-14 appear to be chemically comparable to other waters at the Site, but with
significant dilution (pH: 4.5 to 6.1, Cu: Q to 1410 p a, Zn:5 to 1610 pg5, S04:e.S to 22 m&). Seep
A-1, collected from the 1100-level portal, appears to have little or no influence from the mineralized
bedrock (Cu: 120 pgL, Zn: 257 pgL, Cd: 2.3 Clgn, S04:40 mgL) and does not reflect water quality of the
mine pool as noted at the 1500-level main portal drainage (P-1). Water from this seep appears to be derived
from rainwater and snowrneh that infiltrates thtough the overlying surficial materials to the adit.
The only direct indicator of underground water chemistry and processes is provided by the 1500-level
; main portal drainage (P-1). However, comparisons of portal drainage water quality with water quality
data collected from other sources indicated that the portal drainage water chemistry most closely
resembles the water draining fiom the mill building. The USGS (personal communication with Jim
'^" Kilburn, 1999) indicated that numerous typical secondary sulfate minerals were identified in the mill
building in 1995 and 1996 (Table 6.1-1). These minerals contain iron, copper, zinc, manganese,
aluminum and sulfate and vary from highly soluble to sparingly soluble (Alpers et al. 1994). The minerals
are formed when concentrated groundwaters derived from contact with oxidizing mineral concentrates
and residual ore become chemically over-saturated with minerals. This can occur by mixing of different
solutions and evapo-concentration.
B~ comparison, the same minerals are probably present in the underground mine. This is a reasonable
assumption since the mine probably contains exposures of ore-type material which could not be extracted
due to requirements for ground support, or because the volume was not justified .by mining economics.
Sulfates are formed on the walls of the underground mine by oxidation and are then rinsed during
flushing events. Evaporation of water during drier periods (primarily winter) allows the salts to
accumulate.
Experience at other underground mines within similar geologic conditions indicates that these salts may
be present throughout the mine wherever water emerges and can evaporate such as where fractures and
drill holes intersect mine walls and where water is locally ponded and then drains. Since water flow likely
occurs unpredictably on some fractures and not others, these locations of stored oxidation products are
randomly distributed. Significant deposits of salts are generally identified opportunistically rather than by
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17693-005019Uuly 27.1999;4:11 Phf;DW FINAL R1 REPORT

prediction. Therefore, inspection of the underground workings to identify specific types of salts and
accumulations of salts is unlikely to be successful in characterizing the salts because not all parts of the
workings are accessible due to physical barriers (backfill and collapsed workings) and safety concerns
(ground stability, air quality, hidden hazards).
The pathway from the sources to the soluble salts involves contact with the host rocks and mixing with
other waters. The host rocks are primarily composed of alumino-silicates and isolated occurrences of
marble. This results in addition of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, potassium and sodium to the water as
has been observed throughout the Site. The addition of these elements largely occurs in proportion to
sulfate, which is a surrogate for the release of acid. These are expected to be extremely complex
pathways.
Significant seasonal effects are apparent in the 1500-level main portal drainage at station P-1. This is
reflected in pH changes. Lowest pHs are observed in the spring, and pH increases through the summer.
This is accompanied by decreasing aluminum, copper and zinc concentrations, but sulfate does not
change significantly. The lower pH in the spring is probably caused by flushing of acidic salts from rock
surfaces and fractures in the spring, and by local recharge of pools within the underground mine that have
evaporated through the previous summer and winter. This acid load is less effectively neutralized by
contact with neutralizing minerals and reflects the decreases in pH at the portal. During the summer, pH
increases due to much lower acid load, longer contact times with neutralizing minerals in the underground
mine and mixing with alkaline groundwater, resulting in more complete neutralization.
The minor variations in sulfate concentrations suggest that the source of the water does not change
significantly (that is, the pool within the underground mine continues to supply the water observed at P-
1). The variation in metal concentrations in P-1 drainage is related to the differences in pH, and
precipitation of oxyhydroxides rather than changes in source release. Source release may increase in the
spring due to flushing, as described above, but the pH variations produce the same effect.
A metals-loading analysis of surface water discharging fiom the portal drainage was performed using the
data collected during the RI. The flow data and chemical data collected from the 1500 level main portal
drainage (station P-1) during the May, July and September 1997 rounds were used in the analysis. A
summary of the chemical data is provided in Section 5 of this report. Historical flow and chemical data
from 1982, 1983, and 1991 were also evaluated for use in the loading analysis; however, the data were
not used in the loading analysis due to the uncertainties associated with the accuracy of the flow
measurements recorded for these periods.
The results of the loading analysis are shown in Figure 6.5-5. Zinc and copper exhibited similar loading
trends, with the highest loads occurring in May and a decline in concentration through September. Copper
loads are generally lower than zinc and decrease more significantly in the late summer and fall. Data
indicate that the dissolved iron loads discharged at the portal are approximately one order of magnitude less
than corresponding zinc loads and continue to decrease to September.
Sulfate loads were approximately one order of magnitude greater than corresponding metal (zinc, copper,
iron) loads. The patterns of sulfate discharge are very similar to those observed for the metals. The mass of
6-28
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,'
sulfate discharged from the portal w tly exceeds the mass of copper, zinc, iron and cadmium discharged at
any given time.
6.5.1.2 Waste Rock Piles
Air Movement
Like mine workings, differences in temperature are important considerations in determining weathering
processes (Figure 6.5-6). In summer, the inter& of the pile is anticipated to be cooler than the ambient
temperature and there is no process to drive oxygen deep into'the pile. Oxygen enters the pile from the
surface driven by diffusion leading to oxidation in the immediate pile surface only.
The decrease in temperatures in the winter potentially creates optimal conditions for convective air flow
(Figure 6.5-6). Warmer temperatures in the pile are created by heat generated by the oxidation processes.
The temperature difference allows air to be drawn into the base of the pile providing further oxygen for
oxidation. The process is self-perpetuating and indicates that winter can result in significant increases in
internal temperatures.' This also allows oxidation rates to accelerate and encourages weathering products
to accumulate.
In the spring, melting of snow results in flushing of accumulated salts by cold water (Figure 6.5-6). This
can c&l internal temperatures, and coupled with rising ambient temperatures, serves to reduce oxidation
rates.
-,- " Water Flow
. The locations of the waste rock piles are shown on Figure 6.1-la. Four waste rock piles are discussed and
include the west and east waste rock piles, and the 800- and 1 100-level portal waste rock piles. Waste rock
; piles associated with the 300, 500 and 700 portals are located on bedrock and are relatively small. There
was no field evidence of seep discharge or surface water overland flow observed at these piles; therefore,
they are not further discussed.
,
In the spring, upslope snowmelt run-on flows as overland flow and infiltrates on the slopes south of the
waste rock piles and within each rock pile. Weathering products accumulated during the winter are leached.
In general, groundwater moves downslope in the alluviaUreworked till unit and in the soiUfill material, and
discharges either as seep overland flow or as groundwater baseflow into Railroad Creek (Figure 6.5-4).
' The spring conceptual groundwater flow path is to the north and northeast from the waste rock piles toward
the intermittent drainage for the 800- and 1100-level waste rock piles, and toward Railroad Creek for the
east and west waste rock piles, as shown on Figure 6.5-7. Some portion of groundwater flow is presumably
diverted into the abandoned Railroad Creek channel. Groundwater in the alluvium/till that flows h m the
west waste rock pile appears to emerge as intennittent seeps, SP-6 and SP-15E, and continues as overland
flow to the lagoon (Figures 6.1-3a).
Groundwater from the east waste rock pile appears to emerge as an intermittent seep (SP-8). Surface water
flow from SP-8 flows overland across tailings pile 1 and is expressed as seep SP-19 before flowing into the
Copper Creek diversion (Figure 6.1-3a).
. \\DM-SEA I WVOLI\~OMMOMWP\~W)~\~~I~~~~~M).Q~
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17693-005019Uuly 27.1999;4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL R1 REPORT

In the fall, groundwater flow is reduced and flows in a more northeasterly direction, indicating less input
from valley side slopes and more influence from the downvalley groundwater flow component (Figure 6.5-
8). Seep discharge was not observed, but the movement of groundwater through the abandoned Railroad
Creek channel presumably continues.
Waste Rock Leachate Chemistry
The chemistry of waters seeping from the vicinity of the waste rock piles is very similar to the P-1
discharge and the mill building when considering ratios of key elements. The main feature of the waters,
as measured at SP-8, SP-15, and SP-14 (lower) are that they contain relatively high copper and zinc to
sulfate ratios (0.1 movmol) and low iron to sulfate ratios (40" moYmol) when compared to the tailings
pile seepage (e.g., SP-2, SP-3, SP-4 and SP-5) (CdS04 ~n/~04

decreases also, aiding in the dissolution of my sulfide material present. Metal salts found on the ground
surface and walls of the mill building are the result of the evaporation of metal-bearing water or its
interaction with native materials causing precipitation. Some of the metals become redissolved and
transported !?om the mill building.
The trysport pathways associated with the maintenance yard are shown on Figure 6.5-4. Similar transport
pathways occur as compared to other Site features. Overland flow from the area drains eventually into the
lagoon (Figure 6.1-3a). Infillration associated with the maintenance yard area emerges as s&p SP-22.
TPH was detected in the maintenance yard soil in a localized area up to two feet below ground surface
(bgs). The area is relatively flat and the primary transport mechanism is assumed to be infiltration from
surface run-on aid snowmelt. The adsorption capacity of TPH in soil is assumed to be relatively high due
to the nature of the materials observed (clayey silt), therefore, TPH 6 soil most likely attenuates with depth
. .
and lateral distance.
6.5.1.4 Downgradient Attenuation of Metals
This subsection qualitatively describes evidence of metal attenuation downgradient of the source areas. The
processes occurring at each location are also indicated by symbol coding (Figure 6.5-9).
Seeps SP-26, SP-23, SP-23B, SP-12 and 1500-Level Ventilator Portal Discharge
Seep SP-26 flows during the spring from the south bank of Railroad Creek downslope of the 1500-level
ventilator portal and a remnant detention pond feature. Ihe analyses of the SP-26 sample detected
"
(Figure 6.1-3a) pH-neutral water with some alkalinity (10 to 14 mglL). The chemistry of the water is not
comparable to mine discharge waters. Copper concentrations are 22 to 28 pg/L compared to >I000 pg/L
(in May) in mine discharge. These concentrations are too low to be controlled by the formation of a
." copper carbonate. The copper concentrations possibly originate from the small detention pond that is
speculated to have collected water from the 1500 ventilator portal during backfilling of the underground
mine or from natural mineralization. The detention pond was observed to contain a small quantity, but
SP-26 water is very dilute and most likely represents meltwater.
Seeps SP-23, SP-23B.and SP-12 flow during the spring from the south bank of Railroad Creek between
RC-1 and P-5 stations (Figure 6.1-3a). The resuh of laboratory analyses show many similar chemical
characteristics to waters originating from the mill buildings, mine and waste rock piles: Seeps. SP-23 and
23B have pH

One sample (W-1, May 2, 1998) of the water discharging from the 1500 Level ventilation portal was
very dilute (pH 6.4, sulfate 3.5 mg/L, Cu 0.7 pgiL, Zn 4 pg/L), which is consistent with a local meteoric
source for the water.
Portal Drainage
Mine drainage from the 1500-level main portal (P-1) enters Railroad Creek at P-5 via a ditch. White
precipitates are observed coating the ditch. The chemistry of the water changes little between the two
points. In the spring, metal concentrations tend to be higher at P-1 than at P-5, but in the summer .
concentrations are comparable between the two points. The decrease in concentrations in the spring is
interpreted to be due to dilute meltwater water entering the ditch h m the valley sides i d diluting the
flow.
MMTEQA2 calculations indicate that the drainage is significantly over-saturated with respect to
aluminum hydroxides and sulfates, alunite, barite and various iron hydroxides and cupiicferrite.
Saturation with respect to zinc minerals is not indicated. The precipitates observed indicate that
precipitation is occumng, although some of the precipitate may not have formed in the ditch but formed
in the mine and settled in the drainage. The active formation of flocculent as very fine particles, probably
results in the over-estimation of dissolved metal concentrations in the water, hence the degree of over-
saturation is probably less than predicted by MINTEQA2. It is likely that as the portal drainage emerges
at P-1, it is in disequilibrium with the atmosphere due to the slow conversion oxidation of Fe(I1) to
Fe(lI1). This causes precipitation of iron minerals in the ditch and co-precipitation of other heavy metals
(mainly copper). However, most of the iron precipitates due to oxidation, dilution, and neutralization.
Analysis of the precipitate indicate that it contains mainly aluminum and iron with some copper and zinc.
The principal attenuating mechanisms in the ditch are assumed to be:
Dilution by surface runoff
Oxidation and precipitation of iron resulting in removal of iron and co-precipitation of
copper oxide
Precipitation of aluminum hydroxide resulting in removal of aluminum
As the 1500-level main portal drainage water enters Railroad Creek, the weakly acidic water mixes with
the weakly alkaline stream water. The rapid pH shift causes any residual aluminum and iron to
precipitate as amorphous hydroxides in the stream bed. Copper is also expected to form a fine flocculent
as basic copper carbonate. This effect was shulated using MINTEQA2 by changing the pH and
alkalinity to that of Railroad Creek. This indicated that the malachite might precipitate. Zinc would not
be expected to precipitate. The rate at which copper carbonate might form determines whether copper
would be removed from solution, or whether copper concentrations would be diluted below the solubility
limits imposed by copper carbonates before the precipitates actually formed. The loading analysis
presented subsequently in this section confirms that copper carbonates might fonn.
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1769MOS-OI9Wuly 27. 1999;4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL R1 REPORT

.: ._..I
$ . .,'.
Seasonal
s
, -
West Waste Rock Plle, Mill Building, and Seeps SP-9 and SP-11
This pathway includes seepage from the west waste rock pile and runoff from the abandoned mill
building that collects in the lagoon (SP-16) before entering Railroad Creek at seeps SP-9 and SP-I 1
(Figure 6.1-3a). As noted in Section 6.3.2, the chemistry of these waters are all similar indicating weakly
acidic conditions with pH control by precipitation of aluminum hydroxides and sulfates. Chemistry is
also controlled locally by the formation of ferric oxyhydroxides, barite, copper carbonates and sulfates
(antlerite, brochantite, malachite - SP-1 SE, July 12, 1997), and cupricferrite. The copper minerals were
previously identified by the USGS (personal communication with Jim Kilbum, 1999) (Table 6.1-1) and
during the RI. The weakly acidic seeps at SP-9 and SP-11 contain lower sulfate (44 and 82 mg/L), copper
(3 and 460 pg&) and zinc (267 and 2340 pg/L) concentrations and had higher pH (>5.8) than the upslope
seeps. For SP-I I, the difference appears to be a dilution effect possibly by mixing with weakly alkaline
runoff water. The increase in pH probably resulted in copper precipitation but did not affect zinc. SP-9 is
further diluted in zinc and copper concentrations.
It appears that this pathway involves both permanent and seasonal removal of metals from solution.
These include:
Permanent removal of iron and aluminum from solution due to formation of
oxyhydroxide precipitates (oxidation and precipitation). This is implied by MINTEQA2
calculations and confirmed by field observations.
Probable co-precipitation of other metals with iron and aluminum (copper). Analysis of
precipitates elsewhere on the Site have. confirmed that ceprecipitation occurs.
evaporation at SP-1SE resulting in removal of copper from solution by
formation of copper sulfates (emorescence); these salts were observed. Spring seepage
... -.' waters are undersaturated with respect to these minerals, therefore, they will redissolve.
. .
Mixing of alkaline waters with weakly acidic waters resulting in the formation of basic
copper carbonates (malachite). The shift in pH dictates that this will occur.
Contact of weakly acidic waters with carbonate-containing rocks, resulting in the
formation of basic copper carbonates (malachite). Green coatings have been observed on
marble blocks exposed on the surface of the west waste rock pile.
Seeps SP-22 to SP-25 and SP-24
Seep SP-22 flows from the slope below the maintenance yard, mill building, and west waste rock pile
(Figure 6.1-3a). The chemistry of the seep resembles other seeps in the vicinity,. although when
monitored in May 1997, it had a pH of 6 and weak alkalinity (7 m a). MNIEQA2 indicates that the
water is in equilibrium with amorphous aluminum hydroxide. This implies that this water has been
influenced by the same processes occurring in the waste rock piles, but that it has been significantly
diluted rather than mixed with alkaline water or contacted alkaline materials.
Seeps SP-24 and 25 flow from the south bank of Railroad Creek north of seep SP-22. The seeps are
chemically very similar to SP-22 except that the pH is lower. Aluminum concentrations are higher due to
the lower pH. Overall, the chemistry of seeps SP-22, SP-24 and SP-25 are comparable to other seeps in

the vicinity with differences probably caused by dilution. Attenuation of MI concentrations appears to
be caused principally by precipitation of aluminum hydroxides. Attenuation by adsorption in soils is not
. apparent. Seeps SP-24 and SP-25 may be influenced by the lagoon area.
Seeps SP-8 to SP-19
Seep SP-8 flows from the east waste rock pile and then flows partly overland and subsurface, re-emerging
at SP-19 (Figure 6.1-3a). The differences for magnesium (which acts as a conservative ion)
concentrations between these two points are consistent with dilution by a non-buffering water source
(e.g., snow melt). The water is probably well-oxidized at SP-8 as shown by low iron concentrations.
MINTEQA2 predicts that aluminum minerals would be expected to precipitate. As pH was not observed
to change between the two points (4.6 S.U.), and aluminum concentrations decreased in proportion to
conservative ions, no additional precipitation appears to occur between these points.
Significant metal attenuation between SP-8 and SP-19 does not appear to occur.
Seeps SP-19 to SP-1OE and SP-1OW
Seep SP-19 flows from the western portion of tailings pile 1 into the Copper Creek diversion near the
river sauna (Figure 6.1-3a). Seeps. SP-IOE and SP-1OW flow from the south bank of Railroad Creek
north of the river sauna. SP-IOW closely resembles SP-19 and MlNTEQA2 predicted similar controlling
conditions. The pH of the water appears to be controlled by aluminum minerals. Conservative ions
indicate that SP-19 and SP-1OW are nearly identical. Zinc and copper concentrations were, however,
lower than other seeps nearby. This implies either that the water mixed with a source containing
comparable sulfate, etc. and very low zinc and copper, or that zinc and copper were adsorbed by contact
with soil.
Seep SP-1OE indicated 20 percent less sulfate, 80 percent less zinc and 64 percent less copper than SP-
1 OW in May 1997. However, pH was 3.3 for SP-1 OE compared to 4.5 for SP- 1 OW. MINTEQA2 indicate
that SP-IOE water is in equilibrium with iron hydroxide as a result of 14 mg Fen. Field measured Eh for
both SP-1OW and SP-I OE were comparable'and indicated that the waters are well-oxidized.
The difference between the SP-IOW and SP-1OE waters could be explained by the mixing of a water
containing high iron concentrations with water of the SP-IOW. If the water contained reduced iron, it
would oxidize and hydrolyze upon emergence (equations 6-5 and 6-6 presented earlier in this section),
buffering pH near 3 and causing fenic hydroxide to precipitate. Copper and zinc would co-precipitate.
The iron-rich water would have to contain less sulfate than SP-IOW to produce the lower sulfate in SP-
10E.
Attenuating mechanisms between seeps SP- 19, SP- 1 OE and SP- I OW include:
Precipitation of aluminum hydroxides (implied by MINTEQA2 and field observations)
Precipitation of ferric hydroxides (implied by MINTEQA2 and field observations)
Co-precipitation of copper and zinc with femc hydroxides (implied by observations from
elsewhere that indicate ferric hydroxide precipitates also contain these ,metals)
~\DM-SUIWOLI\COMMOMWR~U)O~\~~I~~.Q~ 6-34
17693-005-019Uuly 27,199?;4:11 -RAFT FINAL RI REPORT
DAMES & MOORE
a 1

. .,
Miring of Seeps with Railroad Creek Water
The seeps flowing into Railroad Creek between station RC-1 and the Copper Creek diversion confluence
(SP23, SP12, SP9, SPI1, SP25, SP24, SPlOW, SPIOE) are all acidic to some degree. Therefore,
neutralization will occur upon mixing with the Railroad Creek water. The increase in pH will cause any
remaining aluminum in solution to be precipitated as aluminiiun hydroxide flocculent. Copper in solution
may precipitate as basic copper carbonate.
6.53 Tailings Piles
6.5.2.1 Processes in the Tailings Piles
Air Movement
Unlike the underground mine and waste rock piles, oxygen access to the tailings occurs principally by
diffusion. Consequently, seasonal variations in ambient air temperature do not result in transitions
between diffusion and convective air movement (Figure 6.5-1 1). In tailings deposits, only the
immediately exposed surface of the deposit is usually oxidized because the fine texture limits movement
of air into the mass. However, the fine-grained nature of the tailings results in higher surface areas than
for coarser deposits such as waste rock. During relatively dry periods, oxidation occurs resulting in the
buildup of oxidation products. During wetter periods (typically during snowmelt), saturation of the near
surface pores reduces oxygen diffusion but leaches accumulated weathering products.
, .. Water Flow
, ?.
A"'
This section describes the surface water and groundwater transport pathways associated with tailings piles 1,
2, and 3. The conceptual transport pathways are summarized on flow charts presented as Figures 6.5-12
. .- through 6.5-14. Figure 6.1-3a shows the surface water flow paths over and around the tailings piles.
-$ Figures 6.5-15 and 6.5-16 present conceptual hydmgeologic cross-sections showing anticipated water flow
through and beneath the tailings piles in May and September, respectively.
Surface water infiltrates through the tailings piles as a result of direct precipitation and surface water run-on
from the slopes south of the tailings piles. The potential for infiltration is greatest in the spring when the
snow on the piles and the slopes south of the piles melt, and immediately following significant precipitation
events. The finegrained nature of the tailings results in relatively low penneability (documented by Hart
Crowser in 1975 and RI data; see section 4.4-3), which limits the infiltration of water into the piles. The
low penneability of the tailings results in isolated ponding of water on the surfaces of the piles, especially on
tailings piles 2 and 3.
Tailings piles 2 and 3 surfade water run-on is collected in ditches on the piles and diverted around tailings
piles 2 and 3 (Figure 6.1-3a). A ditch located adjacent to the upslope access road of tailings pile 3 also
collects and diverts surface water run-on around tailings pile 3. Surface water run-on for tailings pile 1 is
directed into ditches on the pile which convey the run-on to the edges of the piles. The ditches are not lined
and some surface water likely infiltrates into the tailings piles. On tailings pile 1, some of this surface water
is also directed to a decant tower that was observed during the RI to not be completely sealed and provides a
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17693-005-019Uuly 27.1999;4:11 PWRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

pathway for water to infiltrate into the pile (Figure 6.1-3.). Surfice water fiom the Copper Creek diversion
also flows across the westemmost portion of tailings pile 1.
The water that infiltrates tailings migrates downward and accumulates (based on groundwater monitoring)
in the lower portions of the piles as a thin water-bearing zone (Figures 6.5-15 and 6.5-16). The water within
this zone appears to be perched on a lower permeability layer at the base of the tailings. Evidence of this
layer was observed in test pits completed during the RI. Groundwater elevations in monitoring wells
screened in the tailings indicate that groundwater generally moves to the north toward Railroad Creek
(Figures 6.5-7 and 6.5-8). This water discharges from the base of the tailings piles as a series of intermittent
seeps which flow into Railroad Creek.
'The differences in water levels in clustered monitoring wells installed in tailings piles 2 and 3 indicate that
the groundwater within the tailings is not in direct hydraulic connection with the groundwater in the
underlying alluvium/reworked till (Figure 6.5- 15). The water levels in the monitoring wells screened in the
tailings remain relatively constant throughout the year, only fluctuating approximately 3 feet during the
1997 field season. Water levels in the monitoring wells screened in the alluvium/reworked till underlying
the tailings were observed in several cases to fluctuate more than 20 feet.
In the spring, when the recharge is greatest to the alluvium/reworked till, water levels in this unit increase
relatively rapidly and the' groundwater appears to be confrned by the overlying low permeability tailings.
This results in an upward vertical hydraulic gradient 'in the southern portions of the tailings piles which
causes water from the alluvium/reworked till to move into the overlying tailings (Figure 6.5-15). In the
northern portions of the piles, the water levels are higher in the tailings than in the alluvium/reworked till
and water moves downward h m the tailings into the underlying deposits. As water levels decline in the
summer, the vertical hydraulic gradient reverses beneath the southern portions of the tailings piles and water
within the tailings moves downward into the alluvium/reworked till (Figure 6.5-16).
Groundwater within the alluvium/reworked till generally moves in a northerly dimtion beneath the tailings
piles (Figures 6.5-7 and 6.5-8). In May, the groundwater discharges into a series of seeps that flow into
Railroad Creek. The groundwater also discharges as diffuse baseflow into Railroad Creek, as indicated by
the apparent gaining conditions measured in this reach of the stream and the relationship between the water
levels in the alluvium/reworked till which are higher than those observed in the creek. Some of the
discharge to Railroad Creek is believed to occur through the abandoned Railroad Creek channel which is
approximately parallel to the northern edges of the tailings piles. Flow within the abandoned channel is
assumed to move in an easterly direction rather than to the north.
In September, the occurrence of seeps decreases significantly with only a few seeps observed (SP-I, SP-2
and SP-3) and seep flow rates decreasing significantly. In September, the groundwater flow within the
abandoned Railroad Creek channel is evident based on the water levels in the wells near the former channel. -
Diffuse groundwater continues to discharge along the base of tailings piles 1 and 2, but portions of the reach
of Railroad Creek near tailings pile 3 appear to be in a losing condition.
Groundwater Chemistry
The geochemistry of tailings groundwater, based on samples collected and analyzed from groundwater
monitoring wells and seeps, is primarily influenced by oxidation of the surface tailings by oxygen entering
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1?693M)S41Wuly 2?.1999,4:11 PMDRAFTFNAL RI REPORT

through diffusion. This is indicated by the presence of a thii oxidized zone in the near surface and
unoxidized tailings at depth. Water moving down through the tailings piles carries sulfate, acidity and
reduced iron. Some of the iron is precipitated in the immediate subsurface as cementation but most of the
iron moves downward in a reduced state. This water moves through the tailings, probably being neutralized
by contact with alumino-silicates as is apparent for the whole Site. This process probably adds additional
iron due to dissolution of hornblende. The extent of this neutralization is controlled by the length of the
flow path. Waters entering the piles along the slopes adjacent to Railroad Creek, Copper Creek, and the
Copper Creek diversion will have relatively short flow path lengths with little opportunity for neutralization.
For this reason, the chemistry of seeps (SPl, SP2, SP3, SP4, SP5) observed along the toes of the tailings
piles represents mixing of groundwater impacted by water moving downward through the pile over different
flow path lengths.
The observed chemistry of the seeps generally reflects this hypothesis. The seep chemistry of all three piles
is very similar. The differences are in pH and changes in ratios of elements, which imply drift toward
Railroad Creek water chemistry. Seepage water probably mixes with unimpacted groundwater to varying
degrees resulting in dilution of tailings groundwater. The pH changes also cause changes in iron
concentrations, and co-precipitation of heavy metals such as copper, zinc and cadmium. The low pHs
indicate precipitation of femc hydroxide (see equation 6-6 presented earlier in this section). Internal
groundwater pHs are generally greater than 4 &d indicate silicate buffering as observed elsewhere at the
Site.
Specific comments for individual piles are provided below.
Tailings Pile 1
Referring to Section 5 of this report, water chemistry data for monitoring wells (screened in the underlying
surficial materials and within the tailings) and seeps in tailings pile 1 suggest that both affected and natural
groundwaters flow under the tailings and discharge to Railroad Creek. Well TPI-6A reported the highest
concentrations of copper (1 100 p&), cadmium (100 pgk) and zinc (1 1,400 p&); exceeding the levels
recorded for seeps SP-1 and SP-2. Water h m well TP1-4A represents groundwater that has not been
impacted by tailings, as it contained low levels of metals and sulfate (Cu: Q pgL; Zn: 28.pa; Cd: ~0.2
pa; Fe: 30 Ccgn; SO,: 300 mgL) and a near-neutral pH (6.7). Zinc concentrations showed a degree of
zonality within the groundwaters. Low zinc concentrations were detected near the upslope edge of the
tailings (TPI-1 and TP1-4; 466 and 28 pg/L, respectively) whereas concentrations one to two orders of
magnitude higher were observed in wells further downslope near Railroad Creek (TP1-2,3, 5 i d 6; 2,270
to 1 1,400 pa). These wells were comparable in zinc concentrations to discharge from seeps SP-1 and SP-
2 (3490 and 4570 pa). The increase in zinc concentrations occurs approximately along the axis of the
former Railroad Creek channel under the tailings.
. .
Compared to the monitoring wells that are screened in the underlying surficial materials, wells screened in
the tailings groundwater contained low concentrations of zinc. Irgn concentrations were approximately
three to five times higher. This suggests that tailings are contributing dissolved reduced iron and sulfate to
the underlying groundwaters.
\\~M-~~I\VOLI\C~MM~MWP\~W)~\~~I~ZM~.~~~
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17693-005419Uuly 27.1999;4:11 WRAFT FINAL RJ REPORT

The chemistry of these monitoring wells is compatible with a groundwater flow pattern that includes
natural groundwater fiom upslope and affected groundwater originating fiom the east waste rock pile
andlor the mill buildings area. Further, these groundwater concentrations may be influenced by a,
groundwater flowing within the former creek channel which underlies the tailings. This relatively
permeable unit may control and channel the flow of affected groundwater fram the weathered source
areas, including the portal drainage, lagoon, waste rock piles, and mill area towards the SP-2 seep.
Tailinas Pile 2 and 3
Groundwaters sampled from the underlying surficial material in the central areas of tailings piles 2 and 3
(e.g., wells PZ-lA, TP2-SA, TP3-6A) generally had low metal concentrations (e.g., Cu: Q to 67 p&; Zn:
32 to 400 pg/L; Cd: 0.2 to 22 p&), although an occasional elevated iron level (5,710 pg/L iron) was
observed in PZ-IA. This elevated level is probably the result of groundwaters leaching natural materials or
minor incursions of tailings waters infiltrating the substrate.
The metals load discharged by the seeps (SP-3, SP-4, SP-5 and SP-18) appears to be the result of oxidation
of tailings, possibly due to the interaction with groundwaters derived from Railroad Creek. Groundwater
wells in the substrate near the tailings pile edges (e.g., TP2-4A, PZ-6A, TP3-8) had higher concentrations of
iron (7,040 to 58,300 pL), sulfate (340 to 1,500 mg/L) and total dissolved solids (500 to 2,400 m a).
Limited data on groundwaters in saturated tailings (e.g., PZ-IB) report elevd iron (69,000pgL) and
elevated sulfate concentrations (850 mgL). These values are similar in magnitude to the concentrations
recorded for the seeps (Fe: 23,900 to 154,000 pgL; SO,: 530 to 880 ma).
6.5.2.2 Metal Removal
Metal removal mechanisms are described Wow and are summarized in Figures 6.5-1 7 to 6.5-19.
Tailings Pile 1 Area
Seepage emerges from the base of tailings pile 1 at SP-I and SP-2 and enters Railroad Creek. The seeps
are strongly acidic @H4) and contain elevated concentrations of sulfate (>2000 mg/L) and iron (-1000
ma). As the acidic seepage mixes with Railroad Creek water, it goes through several rapid chemical
changes including:
Conversion of unoxidized ferrous iron to ferric iron by atmospheric and dissolved oxygen
Increiising pH due to dilution and stream water alkalinity allowing additional ferric iron
to precipitate as flocculent (in surface water) or goethite (in groundwater)
Co-precipitationJsorption of copper with flocculent or ferricrete
Further pH increase due to dilution and stream water alkalinity resulting in precipitation
of aluminum as flocculent or aluminum hydroxide precipitate
Formation df copper carbonate flocculent
Attenuation occurs by precipitation of femcrete, aluminum hydroxide, copper carbonate and co-
precipitation of copper with ferricrete.
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17693M1J-01 Wuly 27. 1999;4:11 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

MlNTEQA2 indicates that the seep waters are saturated with respect to basic aluminum sulfate, alunite,
barite, and goethite. Copper concentrations are low in both cases, hence, copper concentrations do not
appear to be in equilibrium with any copper minerals. Analyses of femcrete (fonned by the precipitation
of iron oxyhydmxides such as gocthite) have indicated copper urncentrations up to 2,340 mgkg. coppr
is expected to co-precipitate with goethite. The seeps tend to contain more zinc than copper but fem&
proportionately contains much less zinc than copper. Copper tends to attenuate as groundwater
containing ferrous iron is oxidized and goethite precipitates. Zinc attenuates to a lesser degree.
Tailings Piles 2 and 3
Mechanisms in the tailings pile 2 and 3 are identical to tailings pile 1. The seeps are geochemically
identical except that seeps SP-3, SP-4 and SP-5 are more dilute than SP-I and SP-2. This is attributed to
partial mixing of Railroad Creek groundwater with seepage from the tailings pile and longer contact paths
with neutralizing materials. The fate of the seeps is the same as seeps SP-I and SP-2 fiom tailings pile 1.
6.6 RAILROAD CREEK
6.6.1 Surface Water Loading Analysis
6.6.1.1 Introduction
Dissolved metals enter Railroad Creek as seep flow, drainage flow and groundwater baseflow.
A chemical and flow mass balance analysis was performed for reaches of Railroad Creek that receive mine
drainage and reaches located upstream and downstream of mine influences. The purpose of the mass
' balance was to:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
assess metal contribution in drainage water h m point sources measured during the RI in
relation to metal concentrations in Railroad Creek upstream of mine influences
determine the point source discharges that contribute the highest metal concentrations to
Railroad Creek
assess if specific reaches within Railroad Creek contain non-point-soun:eeor "unaccounted"
(assumed to be baseflow) metal load, and
evaluate the chemical loading analyses in relation to the water balance of select reaches of
Railroad Creek
Flow and metal concentrations of seeps and drainages were measured during the RI to.assess contribution of
these inputs to Railroad Creek during the May and September 1997 sampling rounds. Flow and water
quality measurements in Railroad Creek were repeated at selected stations in late ApriVMay 1998.
The effects of seep, drainage and groundwater inputs to the surface water quality of Railroad Creek are
observed by the changes in seasonal water quality conditions in a downstream direction. Dissolved metals
entering Railroad Creek in groundwater, seepage flow and flow fiom the 1500-level main portal drainage
and other drainages attenuate within Railroad Creek by dilution, acid buffering and adsorption reactions in
\\DM_suI\voLI\c~MMoMwR~~~~~~~.~~~
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17693-005-019UuIy 27,1999;4: 11 PWRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

the surface waters. Some of the dissolved metals precipitate out of the water column and settle on the
' bottom of Railroad Creek.
Seasonal metals concentrations indicate that copper, zinc, and cadmium are at their highest levels during
spring snowmelt (h4ayIJune) when seeps and discharge horn ke portal drainage are at their highest, as
discussed previously in Section 5. Iron concentrations are at their highest during periods of lower flow. In
addition, copper, zinc and cadmium increase the most dramatically between stations RC-I and ~d-4, and
iron (and to a lesser extent zinc) concentrations increase most dramatically between stations RC-4 and RC-
7. These observations indicate that copper, cadmium and zinc enter Railroad Creek fiom the portal drainage
and associated seeps and drainages north of the tailings piles, and that iron is introduced primarily fiom
seepage and groundwater flow from the tailings.
6.6.1.2 Mass Balance Calculation Method
The metal loading to Railroad Creek was computed using flow measmment data and analytical results for
water samples collected over a tweday period in 1997. Specifically, loading was calculated as the
measured concentration for each metal for each source times the flow rate of each source at the time the
sample was collected. The individual source loading was compared to the computed loading for the same
constituent at the same time within Railroad Creek. Loading is reporled as mass per unit time. For the
purposes of this study, the loading is reported as milligrams per second (mgs), which are common units for
reporting loading results.
Flow data used to compute the loading fiom the seeps and seeprelated drainages were estimated andor
measured directly in the field at the time that the water quality sample was collected. Field flow
measurement methods used were previously described in Sections 3 and 4. Flow measurement accuracy is
directly related to the flow volume measured at each station and the measurement tools utilized. The ./
accuracy of the flow measurements for the surface water in Railroad Creek ranges between 5 and 7 percent
using a flow meter (Swoffer or Price AA), and 10 to 12 percent utilizing a bridgeboard, as used at RC-2 and
RC-4 during high flow conditions.
The accuracy of seep flow measurements at SP-6 through SP-9, SP- 14 through SP-19, SP-21, SP-23A and
SP-23B was estimated to be e5 percent.
Seep flow estimates for SP-1 through SP-5; SP-1OEN through SP-13; and SP-24 through SP-26 are
assumed to be accurate within f 50 percent of the actual value because of limited amount of flow and the
difficulty in capturing and measuring flow emerging as diffuse seepage. Although the accuracy of these
measurements is marginal, the loading analysis will demonstrate that the load of select metals at these seep
locations were an insignificant proportion to the overall load of select reaches of Railroad Creek.
It should be noted that the flow in Railroad Creek was dynamic and was changing during the period that
seeps were sampled, and also during the time that Railroad Creek was sampled (particularly during the May
and July sampling rounds). Consequently, the flow measurements recorded at the time of seep sampling did
not always reflect comparative flow conditions relative to RC-2.
\\DM-sMI\voLI\coMMoMwR~w)~~~~\~~I~~-~\~~M).~~~
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17693405-0 19UuIy 27. 1999;4: 11 PMDM FINAL RI RE#IRT

In order to. provide comparative flow 'conditions between stations in Raihd Creek, the following
'
assumptions and estimates were made for the loading analysis:
• Measured flow was used if flow conditions were not changing during the sampling round.
a Flow was estimated during dynamic flow conditions such that flow was consistent with
downstream flow relationships between stations.
Creek drainage and seep concentrations were assumed to be representative for the flow
conditions encountered or estimated during the loading period.
The results of the loading analysis for May and September 1997 are presented in Tables 6.6-1 and 6.6-2,
respectively. The analysis was performed by dividing Railroad Creek into two reaches. Reach 1 included
the creek from RC-1 to RC-4. Reach 2 included the creek from.RC-4 to RC-2. The tables show loading
calculations for magnesium, zinc, cadmium, copper and iron. For each parameter, the flow was multiplied
by the concentration for each source to yield the load. The loads were then added to give the cumulative
load at each station. At RC-4 and RC-2, the cumulative load from each source was compared to the total
load measured in Railroad Creek. Total load in Railroad Creek is the load calculated using the water quality
data for samples collected at RC-4 or RC-2. The commutative load for each reach was subtracted from the
total load of each reach. The results are referred to in the tables as "Reach 1 Balance" and "Reach 2
Balance." The tables also show the total balance. In general, these balances account for non-point-source
discharges (groundwater) or (if negative) can indicate load loss due to flow loss or chemical effects. The
balances also incorporate the uncertainties in the measurements of flows. The results for the ApriVMay
1998 loading analysis are shown in Table 6.6-3. Percent loading for 1997 is provided by location on Figure
,- 6.5-20.
\ I
6.6.13 Loading Analysis and Mass Balance Resulfs - 1997
Conservative Parameter - Magnesium
... .
As a first step to confirming the validity of the mass balance approach, a chemically conservative parameter,
rather than a heavy metal, can be used to calibrate or verify the site-specific water balance discussed in
Section 4.4. The term '%onservative parameter" is described in Section 6.3.3.1. The purpose is to confim
the water mass balance using a pkmeter for which the total load can be accounted for. The parameter
selected in this case was magnesium. The main reason for selecting this parameter is that magnesium is
released by weathering processes at the Site and is always detectable. Other conservative parameters such as
chloride are not released by weathering and are frequently non-detectable, and therefore are not appropriate
for this purpose.
' In Table 6.6-1 (May 1997 dculation), the incoming magnesium load at RC-1 was 5098 mgls. In Reach 1
(defined.as receiving mine and support area drainage - RC-1 to RC-4), the source load additions totaled 986
. . mg/s, for a cumulative load of 6084 mgls. The greatest proportion of the load originates from P-5, followed
by SP-23. The measured load in Railroad Creek at RC-4 was 6656 mg/s. The deficit between the two
(cumulative at RC-4 and measured at RC-4) was +572 mgls. If this load is applied to the inputs from
groundwater calculated using the water balance (0.9 cfs, 25.49 Us), the required concentration was 22.5
ma, as shown in Table 6.6-1. Magnesium concentrations were generally less than 10 mglL in the portal
. . drainage, lagoon and seeps. The calculated concentration was, therefore, greater than the expected
6-4 1
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17693M)S-O19Uuly 27.19W;b:I 1 PMSRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

concentrations, but statistically the two concentrations were equivalent because of the above-mentioned
uncertainties associated with the flow estimates.
Relative to measured incoming load in Reach 2 (tailings influenced stream segment h m RC-4 to RC-7),
the additions of magnesium were less than the additions in Reach 1. The deficit was +I550 mg/s. The
calculated concentration using this deficit was 26.1 mgL (Table 6.61) which was close to the range of
magnesium concentrations of 30 m& to greater than 100 mgL in seeps.
The deficit between RC-7 and RC-2 was 684 mgls, which was close to the contribution from SP-4 (5 15
mg/s).
The May 1997 analysis for magnesium implies that there are no significant missing magnesium load
contributions in the spring. The deficits between surf= water additions and measured loads in Railroad
Creek can be accounted for by reasonable groundwater flows and magnesium concentrations.
The September 1997 magnesium load calculation for Reach I (Table 6.6-2) indicates little change betwee;
RC-I and RC-4 (-19 ma). The load provided by the only measurable source (P-5) was not significant
relative to the load entering the Site at 'RC-I, and represented only 1.1 percent of the load previously
measured in May 1997. The Reach 1 balance was shown as a negative load (-75 mg/s). This small negative
load was consistent with the apparent flow loss in the reach (Section 4.3.7). In Reach 2, the load balance
was 71 1 mg/s, which can be accounted for by a groundwater. contribution similar to that observed in May
1997.
In summary, the magnesium balance is in agreement with the site-specific water balance. The magnesium
balance indicated that all major sources were identified and that the required flow balances were consistent
with magnesium concentrations observed in both surface water and groundwater.
Quasi-Conservative Parameters - Zinc and Cadmium
Zinc and cadmium are often observed to show almost conservative behavior because their solubility is not
influenced by pH within the pH range normally encountered on site. They can be adsorbed onto soil and
sediment particles; however, this may not be a strong effect in coarse gravelly soils and stream beds.
The loading calculation of zinc followed the same approach as for magnesium. In May, the difference
between RC-1 and RC-4 was 850 mg/s. The majority of this difference can be accounted for by P-5 (849
mg/s). SP-23 provided 71 mgls, hence the cumulative load at RC-4 from measured sources was 1 123 mg/s.
This load at RC-2 was greater than the load at RC-4 (1 034 mg/s). The balance of -90 mds is small relative
to the inflow fiom P-5 and therefore is not significant. The data imply that all significant loads in Reach 1
have been identified.
In Reach 2, very little zinc was added compared to Reach 1. The Copper Creek diversion was the largest
source. The required balance was 146 mg/s, which was larger than the point sources along Reach 2. The
concentration required to produce this balance was 2.5 mgL. This implies that groundwater originating in
Reach 1 (i.e., fiom the mine support areas) enters Railroad Creek in Reach 2. The total of the balances for
Reach 1 and Reach 2 is 56 mg/s. This is less than 5 percent of the total load in Railroad Creek and implies
overall that non-point sources contribute insignificantly to the load in Railroad Creek during May. P-5 is the
\\DMMSEAl\VOL1\COMMOMWP\~W~\boIb2\mw\mwdos
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17693-005-019Uuly 27.1999;4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

main source of zinc load (82 percent .of load added downstream of RC-1, not including Copper Creek).
Other sources account for less than 6 percent individually.
A similar approach was used for the September 1997 calculation. A contribution fiom groundwater was
added in Reach 1 to account for the difference between load observed at RC-I and RC-2 (63 mgls) that
could not be accounted for by load contributed by P-5 (1 6.9 mg/s). In September, non-point sources appear
to represent the majority (77 percent) of the zinc load added to Railroad Creek between RC-I and RC-2.
The total balance (non-point source discharge, i.e., groundwater) for zinc between RC-I and RC-2 in
September 1997 (63 mg/s) is comparable to the total balance in May 1997 (56 mg/s).
The cadmium balance for May 1997 indicates that P-5 is the main source (5.1 mg/s, 70 percent of load
added by the Site) and tha! the total balance is the next largest source (1 7 percent). In September, 1997, the
contribution from non-point sources was 80 percent compared to 17 percent fiom P-5, though the load h m
non-point sources remained comparable (1.23 mg/s in May compared to 0.24 mg/s in September). The
findings are comparable to zinc and indicate that p od drainage accounts for the majority of load entering
Railroad Creek in May. In September, most load enters Railroad Creek through groundwater. The
groundwater contribution appears to be relatively stable.
Non-Conservative Heavy Metals - Copper and Iron
Mass balances for copper and iron provide limited information because they are readily removed h m
solution by precipitation changes (as seeps mix with Railroad Creek) and adsorption.
, The copper load observed at RC-4 in May 1997 (374 mg/s) can primarily be accounted for by P-5 (225
I.*
,% mg/s) with lessor contributions by SP-23 (97 mgfs) and RC-1 (16 mg/s). The balancing (groundwater) load
,,-.
(20 mg/s) was negligible compared to the other loads. Copper load appeared to decrease between R-4 and
'
RC-2. The load required to balance was -48 mg/s. Overall, a small negative load balance of -28 mg/s was
.-". indicated for RC-I to RC-2 after accounting for known sources. This is consistent with removal of copper
solution by pH adjustment and adsorption, which occurs continually along Railroad Creek as low pH waters
mix with surface water but is particularly likely in Reach 2 when iron is added by the tailings pile seeps.
The negative balance does not preclude the addition of copper through groundwater sources. The balance
indicates that the net effect of addition through groundwater and removal by attenuation mechanisms is net
removal.
The September 1997 calculation indicated a positive load balance requknent in Reach 1 and negative load
balance for Reach 2, although overall, a positive balhcing load of 2.6 mgfs was obtained and is the largest
source of load to Railroad Creek. Qualitatively, the calculations for May and September 1997 are similar.
Differences between May and September reflect changes in P-5 water quality and quantity and removal of
copper prior to mixing with Railroad Creek.
The calculation for iron indicated a load loss between RC-1 and RC-4 in May. Iron concentrations were
very low and the decrease was probably due to near detection limit (0.02 mg/L) concentrations in Railroad
Creek. Significant load increases were observed between RC-4 and RC-7, followed by a decrease between
RC-7 and RC-2. The load added by surface seeps was not sufficient to account for the load increase
observed, hence a balancing load of 1412 mg/s was added. The calculated iron concentration for the load is
24 mg/L. This concentration of iron is lower than observed in seeps which indicates that a portion of the
\ \ ~ M - ~ ~ I \ V O L I \ C ~ M M ~ M W6-43 R ~ W ~ \ ~ ~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~
1769340541 9Uuly 27.1999:4: 11 -RAFT FINAL RI REPORT

'
iron added is precipitated and is, therefore, not accounted for under the dissolved load. The decrease in load
between RC-7 and RC-2 may reflect oxidation of ferrous to ferric iron. As oxidation occurs, ferric iron is
precipitated. The September calculation indicated a similar conclusion.
Dissolved iron is contributed primarily h m groundwater baseflow along the tailings piles. Iron loads are
highest during the spring when flows are the highest. Iron loads decline through summer and fall after seeps
have begun to dry up and groundwater recharge is no longer occurring. Iron discharge is delayed relative to
zinc, cadmium and copper because iron loads are 'from groundwater baseflow, not seeps or drainages. The
delay in iron loading reflects an extended period of infiltration through the tailings piles with subsequent
discharge through the base of the piles into the streambed of Railroad Creek. This also suggests that seep
flow is sustained by bank storage and groundwater flow associated with the alluvial materials beneath the
tailings piles, and is not necessarily directly related to recharge through the piles.
.
6.6.1.4 Loading Analysis and Mass Balance Results - Spring 1998
The loading of copper, zinc, cadmium and iron in Railroad Creek was estimated from the flow
measurements and water quality results obtained during the 1998 May sampling round. The loading
estimates were developed for all of the sampling locations with concurrent flows that were either
measured or could be reasonably estimated from flow relationships between stations (see Section 4.3).
The load values were developed for comparison with the May 1997 values and are assumed to be
approximate given that flow timing was not considered in the calculation. Table 6.6-3 shows the May
1998 load estimates and is compared herein to Table 6.6- 1.
In general, the May 1998 total load in Railroad Creek was larger for copper, zinc, and cadmium relative
to 1997, and the iron load was lower. However, the pattern of loading was similar to 1997 with the
majority of the load for copper, zinc and cadmium accounted for by the portal drainage, and the majority
' of the iron loads occumng between RC-4 and RC-2 from groundwater. Additionally, copper, zinc and
iron loads decreased downstream of their sources, similar to 1997. Very little of the metals load observed
at RC-2 appeared to be generated upstream of the Site, as indicated by low relative loads observed at
upstream stations in Holden Creek, Big Creek and at RC- 1 I.
The larger load values for copper, zinc and cadmium may be a result of the earlier sampling time relative
to the first flush from the 1500-level main portal drainage as compared to the 1997 May sampling event.
The 1997 May samples were collected during the initial part of snowmelt; however, based on the Railroad
Creek hydrograph at RC-4, a melt event had already occurred by the time the samples were collected; '
sampling had been completed in April 1997 before, but not during, the event. In 1998, however, the
samples were collected earlier in the melt period, during the first snowmelt event '(see Section 4.3). The
lower iron loading may reflect lower groundwater yields because of a delay in groundwater discharge to
Railroad Creek, given that the sampling in 1998 occurred earlier in the melt period.
6.6.1.5 Loading Analysis and Mass Balance Results - Additional Source Areas
Waste Rock Piles and Mill Area
Additional source areas that contribute metals load to the site include the East and West Waste Rock piles
and the mill area (Figure 6.5-20). The loading of dissolved cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc from these
\KIM-SEA I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\~W)~\boldm-2\nW.dos
6-44
17693-0OS-019Vuly 27. 1999;4:11 WRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

,:..' -- .
source areas was estimated from flow measurements and water quality results for seeps associated with
these areas collected in the spring and fall of 1997. The loading analysis included the data fiom seeps SP-
6 and SP-1 SE, associated with the west waste rock pile, SP-7 and SP-22 associated with the mill area, and
SP-8 associated with the east waste rock pile. These seeps do not enter Railroad Creek as surface flow
and are considered to contribute to downslope seeps and ultimately to the alluvial aquifer. The loading
analysis was conducted to quantify the maximum load available from these areas that could contribute to
dissolved metals loading into Railroad Creek. The loading data are provided in Table 6.6-4 and shown on
Figure 6.5-20.
The data indicate that maximum loading from these source areas accounts for a small percentage of the
total load at RC-2 ranging from 0.2 to 2.9% for cadmium, 0.1 to 4.3% for copper, less than 0.01% for
iron, and 0.4 to 2.7% for zinc. The highest loads result fiom the mill area at SP-7 and the west waste
rock pile at SP-15E in the spring. The seeps used for the loading analysis were not flowing in the fall
except in response to significant precipitation.
A loading analysis was also performed for data collected from SP-21 located east of tailings pile 3 and
downstream of RC-2. Chemical data, direction of groundwater flow (especially in the fall), and the
documented loss of flow in Reach 2 (RC-4 to RC-2) indicate that affected groundwater from the tailings
and loss from Railroad Creek (unaccounted load) may be measurable at SP-21. Loading for dissolved
cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc were calculated using flow measurements and analytical data collected in
the spring and fall of 1997. The percentage load is based on RC-2 as an appropriate location downstream
: of SP-2 1 on Railroad Creek was not established.
-; .I
The analysis indicates that loading for these metals ranges from 0.8 to 1.2% in the.spring and 0.1% or less
. . , in the fall.
_.i:. .. . .-
, .. 6.6.1.6 Conclusions
The following is concluded fiom the loading calculations:
I
All significant observed loads have been identified and accounted for in Railroad Creek.
Groundwater loads can be used to balance Site area chemical loading. Back-calculated
concentrations using flow estimates compare well with expected groundwater sources
such as mine discharge water and tailings seepage.
Copper and zinc loads to Railroad Creek from measured point sources and other
groundwater (baseflow) sources are highest during the spring snowmelt and groundwater
discharge period when groundwater levels are highest in the deep wells beneath the
tailings, and high flow occurs at the 1500-level portal drainage. During the May round
when flows are the highest, the portal drainage is the primary source of loading of
cadmium, copper and zinc to Railroad Creek.
Seeps SP-23 and SP-23B are the two next highest point sources that are estimated to
contribute cadmium, copper and zinc during May; however, this load drops to zero later in
the year as seep SP-23 dries up.
\DM-SEA IWOL I\COMMON\WP\wpdmW)~\boIdm-2\nW.doc 6-45
17693-005-019Wuly 27, 1999;4:11 PMDRAIT FINAL RI REPORT

Infiltration of water from the portal drainage to the underlying alluvial aquifer may
account for metals concentrations in seeps located downgradient from the portal drainage
that flow into Railroad Creek or to groundwater baseflow.
Iron enters RaiLroad Creek primarily by groundwater and iron loads are greater in
September than May. Iron loads enter Railroad Creek downstream of the load sources
(i.e., portal drainage) for cadmium, zinc and copper, which enter the creek as surface
flows or seeps.
Similar results were obtained in spring 1997 and 1998. Differences in absolute loadings
were observed and can be attributed to differences in timing of monitoring. The 1998
monitoring was conducted during the initial part of snowmelt, likely resulting in the
measurement of greater loads of copper, zinc and cadmium entering Railroad Cmk.
Additional source areas located at the west and east waste rock piles and the mill area are
not significant loading sources to Railroad Creek. Metals loading at SP-2 1 may account for
a component of unaccounted loads noted in September.
6.7 COMPARISON OF THE HOLDEN MINE WITH OTHER MINE SITES
This section provides case example comparisons of two other mines with characteristics similar to the
Holden Mine. The examples are relatively typical of hard rock metal mines in northwestern North
America and were selected on the basis of similar mine configuration, comparable waste types and
leaching of similar elements. These cases illustrate that the chemical processes operating at the Holden
Mine Site have been documented elsewhere, are not unique to the Holden Mine, and demonstrate that the
Site does not represent extreme mine drainage conditions.
6.7.1 Baker Mine
-The Baker Mine is a small underground gold mine located in a sub-alpine area in north central British
Columbia. Similar to the Holden Mine Site, the Baker Mine experiences winter conditions during which
a snow pack forms. In June, the snow pack melts releasing large quantities of water in a few weeks.
Summers are relatively warm and dry with occasional thunderstorms. The fall is wetter before snow
starts to accumulate in October. The summer is shorter than at the Holden Mine Site, but the overall
climatic conditions are comparable.
Although the Baker Mine is much smaller than the Holden Mine, the configuration of the workings is
comparable (Figure 6.7-1). Mine drainage exits from a single portal. A second portal is located 100 feet
above this portal, and a small open pit is located on the slopes immediately above the mine; mine
drainage does not flow from these L o workings. The mine exploited an epithermal gold vein for a few
years in the early 1980s and is now being reclaimed. The immediate mine sequence contains little
carbonate. Two bulkheads were installed in the portals in 1993 with the intention of flooding the mine.
However, as a result of leakage around the bulkheads, holes were drilled in the bulkheads to allow water
to drain freely.
\\~M-SUI\VOL
I\coMMoMwP\~~~~~---'L-.'-~'^.~~~ 6-46
17693405-019Uuly 27.1999,4:11 PM;DRAFT FD4AL RI REPORT

Monitoring of seeps from drill holes, fractures and backfill inside the workings prior to installing the
plugs indicated that most seeps had pH between 3 and 3.5. As a result, acid generation within the Baker
Mine has reached the most reactive stage and mine drainage is not expected to worsen.
Figures 6.7-2 to 6.7-4 compare drainage chemistry for the Baker Mine with the Holden Mine. P-5 was
used rather than P- 1 because it has a larger dataset. For comparative purposes, data for different years of
monitoring are superimposed on one graph depicting one year. The Baker Mine dataset begins in May
prior to the snow melt. The drainage pH is near 7. As the melt event begins, pH drops to 4.4, then as the
portal discharge decreases pH increases until pH is near 7 in October. Almost exactly the same pH trend
is seen at the Holden Mine 1500-level main portal drainage (P-5). During maximum flows, the pH of the
Baker Mine discharge is low, but then steadily increases through the summer, reaching neutral conditions
by September.
The mechanism involved is identical at both the Baker Mine and Holden Mine. The meltbig of the snow
pack results in flushing of weathering products accumulated during the previous winter. As the melt
event moderates, pH increases due to reduced leaching of acidic weathering products. The Baker Mine
drainage contains a buff precipitate similar to the precipitate observed in the Holden Mine portal drainage.
The lowennost extreme of pH values is controlled at both the. Baker Mine and Holden Mine by the
precipitation of aluminum hydroxides. The host rocks at the Baker Mine were altered to clay alumin*
silicates during mineralization. The acid solutions formed by pyrite oxidation attack these minerals,
resulting in the release of aluminum.
The comparison of copper concentrations indicates very similar concentrations and trends for the Baker
Mine and Holden Mine. Copper concentrations are relatively low for the majority of the year for the
Baker Mine, but increase as pH decreases during spring snowmelt (Figure 6.7-3). The almost identical
copper concentrations indicate a common chemical control, which could be copper carbonates, or co-
precipitation with aluminum hydroxide. Comparison of zinc concentrations indicates order-of-magnitude
higher concentrations at the Holden Mine (Figure 6.7-4). Unlike the Holden Mine, the Baker Mine does
not have zinc mineralization, and zinc concentrations are not constrained by secondary mineral formation
at these pHs. The differences between the Baker Mine and the Holden Mine in terms of source zinc
availability, therefore, become apparent.
6.7.2 Sullivan Mine
The Sullivan Mine is a relatively large underground massive sulfide lead-zinc deposit located in the
Canadian Rocky Mountains. The area also experiences cold winters during which snow pack
accumulates. The snow pack melts in April and May and summers are hot and dry. The Sullivan Mine
has been operating since 1910 and consists of an active underground mine, an abandoned open pit, several
waste rock piles and a relatively large tailings disposal area resulting from conventional flotation (the
method utilized at the Holden Mine Site) of lead and zinc sulfides from a sulfide ore composed of
pyrrhotite and pyrite.
6.7.2.1 Underground Mine
The underground development of the Sullivan Mine is accessed by a single portal. Drainage chemistry is
summarized in Figures 6.7-2 to 6.7-4. The pH of the drainage is continuously low, approximately around
\\oM-S~I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\wpdmW5~\holdep2\ri\M).dDc 6-47 DAMES & MOORE
17693405-019Uuly 27.1999;4: 11 -RAFT FINAL RI REFORT

3, indicating buffering by iron hydroxide. The host rocks have little buffering capacity from carbonates
or alumino-silicates. Seasonal variations are not apparent for pH. Copper is not abundant in the deposit;
therefore, concentrations are lower than at the Holden Mine, but as pH remains low year round, the high
solubility of secondary copper minerals results in relatively constant copper concentrations. Variations in
copper concentrations are not readily correlated with season. In comparison, zinc concentrations are
elevated throughout the year due to the abundance of zinc in the ore. Zinc concentrations also appear to
peak in April during snow-melt.
6.7.2.2 Waste Rock
Waste rock has been disposed in two primary areas. Seepage is severely acidic and comparable to the
underground drainage. Seepage fiom a second waste rock disposal area emerges at a pH between 4 and 5,
contains elevated zinc concentrations, and has deposited a white precipitate in a nearby small stream. The
precipitate has been found to be amorphous aluminum hydroxide.
6.7.23 Tailings
The tailings disposal area contains various types of ore processing residues including raw, high-sulfide
tailings produced by preferential flotation of iron sulfides, and low-sulfide siliceous tailings. The tailings
are classified as potentially acid generating due to the lack of acid buffering capacity. In one location
downgradient of the high-sulfide tailings, acidic seepage has been noted. Seepage pH varies from 2.8 to
5.5, and is accompanied by about 20 g/L sulfate, and 10 g/L iron. Zinc, lead and copper concentrations
are very low (

,'
.... .
control and buffering by alumino-silicates. The Baker Mine is believed to have a regional stable
geochemical conditions. Likewise, the Holden Mine is also believed to be stable.
The similarities with other mines indicates that the experience gained at other sites will be applicable to
\
planning remediation at the Holden Mine.
6.8 FLOCCULENT AND FERRICRETE
6.8.1 Flocculent
Iron flocculent is a colloidal material that is generated from baseflow groundwater contributed to Railroad
Creek from the tailings piles. As the pH of the groundwater increases upon contact and mixing with surface
water, iron oxyhydroxides become stable and precipitate. Some of the copper that is in solution and lesser
amounts of cadmium, zinc and other metals coprecipitate with the iron as the iron flocculent is formed.
During the fall and winter months when groundwater flow is low and the flow in Railroad Creek is low, the
majority of the flocculent that is generated settles in the base of the creek bed 'with some limited transport
downstream.
In the spring, when both groundwater and surface water flows m high, flocculent continues to be generated.
Due to the high flow, spring flocculent and flocculent that has accumulated in the Creek bed from
fallhinter are mobilized and are both transported downstream. Flocculent is transported during spring
runoff and precipitation events.
6.8.2 Ferricrete Formation
Ferricrete is typically defined as a conglomerate consisting of sand and gravel cemented into a hard mass by
.

Upstream of the tailings piles, significant fdcrete deposits have not been observed. However, it generally
apm that most contribution in the spring is by surface flow and in the fall the load contributed by
groundwater is small. A hyporheic zone, if present, would be significant only in the fall.
6.9 SEDIMENT
As noted in Section 5, a number of stream sediment samples were collected historically from Railroad
Creek by others (reported in Kilburn, et al., 1994; U.S. Bureau of Mines or Lambeth, R.E., 1995; and
Ecology, or Johnson A., et al., 1997) and in Lake Chelan by Dames & Moore as part of the RI in 1998.
Sediments were collected historically upstream, within and downstream of the Site from 11 sampling
stations; no duplicate samples to measure variation within a particular sampling station were collected.
Analyses for total metals were performed on the medium to fine sand, silt and clay fraction of the
sediment. Metal (aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, lead, and zinc) concentrations
for samples collected during 1994 show a slight increase in concentration in the vicinity of the Site in
relation to the upstream concentrations. Data from tributary streams along Railroad Creek had similar but
slightly lower concentrations of metals in sediments. Lake sediments were collected offshore of the
mouth of Railroad Creek in 1998. Compared to the Railroad Creek sediment data, metals in lake
sediments from the Lucerne bar have a similar but slightly higher concentration range. In general, the
concentrations remain relatively constant fiom the Site to Lake Chelan.
Assuming that the sediment samples are representative, the uniformity of the metal concentrations .
downstream of the Site suggests that the stream sediment is not significantly diluted during downstream
transport between the Site and Lake Chelan, andor the tributaries contribute sediment with metals.
Railroad Creek is characterized by a coarse (70 to 90 percent cobble-boulder matrix) grain size that is
related to channel morphology and gradient. Fine sediment sources include limited areas of Railroad
Creek, tributaries and the streambanks upstream and downstream of the Site. Sediment derived from the
watershed area are transported downstream and deposited eventually into Lake Chelan.
Although downstream sediment transport in Railroad Creek is a potential compound of concern migration
pathway, several physical mechanisms reduce the potential for this pathway to be significant. The majority
of metals that have been deposited in the sireambank sediments become progressively attenuated in a
downstream direction as they migrate. Downstream sediment becomes interspersed with sediments from
tributary and Railroad Creek streambed sources. Copper and zinc remain slightly elevated (approximately
two-fold higher than upstream of the Site) from the Site to Lake Chelan. However, the metals are presumed
to be present in the sediment as iron oxides andor manganese oxides which are relatively inert and not
readily available due to the neutral pH of both Railtoad Creek and Lake Chelan.
\\oM-S~l\VOLI\COMMOMWRwpQn~\baldm-2\n7M).dos 6-50
17693405419Uuly 27.1999;4:11 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
DAMES & MOORE

, ;
. ..' , . .. ..
-.
. ..&. .< . .. .-. ,
# .
6.10 CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results of the fate and transport analysis in conjunction with the current conceptual site
model, conclusions are listed below; specific conclusions have also been presented in each main
subsection of Section 6:
The primary sulfide minerals in the Holden Mine ore deposit include pyrite, pyrrhotite,
sphalerite and chalcopyrite.
0 The Holden Mine deposit is hosted by the Buckskin Schist, which is a q ua amphibole
schist sequence with at least two horizons of intermittent marble beds and calcareous
schists. The dominant silicates are plagioclase and biotite (aluminum-based).
Host rock mineralogy is the primary factor affecting water chemistry at the Site.
Weathering of these minerals, ,especiall~ sulfide minerals, dominates Site water
chemistry. Non-sulfide mineralogy of the tailings is expected to be dominated by
minerals contained in the ore and in diabase dikes whereas the mine wall rocks are
dominated by biotite schist.
Secondary mineralization and precipitates produced by weathering processes are visibly
evident throughout the Site, including orange brown iron stains (iron oxyhydroxides) on
waste rock and tailings, white precipitates (amorphous aluminum hydroxide) in the 1500-
level main portal drainage, green stain (copper carbonate) on marble waste rock in the
waste rock piles, and efflorescent crusts (metal sulfates) in the mill building and where
seepage emerges along the toes of the tailings piles.
. .,.
a

Source controls reflect the differences in oxygen availability and water flow.
- Portions of the underground mine are likely well-oxygenated through the winter
months due to temperature differences between the underground mine and the .
ambient air, and may therefore be actively oxidizing in open stopes above the 1500-
level of the mine. Random water flow in fractures dissolves weathering products,
some of which are discharged in the 1500-level main portal drainage, and some of
which are stored as salts formed by evapo-concentration. Discharge water reflects
precipitation of iron in the workings and precipitation of aluminum within the mine
hnd in the portal drainage and Railroad Creek.
- The tailings piles are only oxygenated near the surface. Chemical processes leading
to the release of heavy metals occur primarily in this zone and not at depth. Acid
neutralization occurs at depth. Groundwaters contain reduced iron which rapidly
oxidizes upon emergence in seeps, forming femcrete and flocculent. ,
The metal attenuation processes that occur downgradient of sources prior to entering
Railroad Creek include precipitation due to pH increase and aeration, efflorescence
(causing seasonal formation of salts), co-precipitation of heavy metals (primarily with
iron), and adsorption. Precipitation of aluminum, iron and copper flocculent probably
occurs when seeps mix with slightly alkaline Railroad Creek water and groundwater
adjacent to Railroad Creek.
The magnesium (conservative parameter) balance indicated that all major sources were
identified and that the required flow balances were consistent with measured magnesium
concentrations. Therefore, the magnesium balance comborates the site-specific water
balance in Section 4.4.
Mass balance calculations for Railroad Creek at the Site indicate that the mass of zinc,
cadmium, copper and iron originating from the underground mine, waste rock piles, and
tailings piles has been accounted for. Seasonal and yearly variations are apparent
reflecting changing variations in flow characteristics and timing of sampling with respect
to the spring snowmelt.
Copper and zinc loads to Railroad Creek from measured point sources and other
groundwater (baseflow) sources are highest during the spring snowmelt and groundwater
discharge period when groundwater levels are highest in the deep wells beneath the
tailings, and high flow occurs at the 1500-level portal drainage. During the May round
when flows are the highest, the portal drainage is the primary source of loading of
cadmium, copper and zinc to Railroad Creek.
Seeps SP-23 and SP-23B are the two next highest point sources that are estimated to
contribute copper, cadmium and zinc during May; however, this load drops to zero later in
the year as seep SP-23 dries up.
Iron enters Railroad Creek primarily by groundwater and iron loads are greater in
September than May. Iron loads enter Railroad Creek downstream of the load sources
\ \ D M _ ~ ~ A , I \ W L I \ C O M M O M W R ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - Z \ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~
6-52
1769MO5419Uuly 27.1999;4:11 -RAPT FINAL RI REPORT
.

--
(i,e., portal drainage) for cadmium, zinc and copper, which enter the creek as surface
flows or seeps.
a Additional source areas (waste rock piles and mill area) are not significant load sources in
the spring and generally contribute no load in the fall unless a precipitation event occurs.
a The sediments sampled both in Railroad Creek (above, adjacent, and downstream of the
Site) as well as Lake Chelan (at Lucerne bar and the mouth of the Stehekin River)
indicate similar concentrations of metals, except for copper and zinc which are slightly
elevated (approximately twefold) when compared to the upstream and reference sites.
However, the copper and zinc are anticipated to be present in the relatively inert stable
iron oxyhydroxide precipitates due, to the neutrd pH in both Railroad Creek and Lake
Chelan.
\U)M-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\*~~~~~~\~~M)~Q~ 6-53
1169MOU)19Uuly 27.1999,4:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

,,, .a
Lucerne
TAELE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDlA SAMPLlNGlDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693dOSQ19
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Locatlon by Area Coordinate Comments
r
FeeWAmq
1500-Level Main Portal NIA Mine Support 8 Waste Rock E.0-3.0 Near soulhem boundary
1500-Level Ventilator Portal NIA Mine Support 8 Waste Rock D.7-3.0 Near western boundary
1 1 00-Level Portal NIA Honeymoon Heighb D.8-3.1
1000-Level Portal NIA ' Honeymoon Heights D.8-3.1
800-Level Portal NIA Honeymoon Heights D.8-3.1
700-Level Portal NIA Honeymoon Heights D.8-3.2
-Level Portal NIA Honeymoon Heights 0.93.2
300-Level Portal NIA Honeymoon Heights 0.93.2
Abandoned Septic Field NIA . SE of Holden Vlllage E.2-3.0
Abandoned Surface Water Ret. NIA Mine Support (L Waste Rock D.7-2.9
Baseball Field/Campground NIA- Basaball Field/Campground D.7-2.9, D.8-2.9
Copper Creek NIA S. of Tailings Piles 1 8 2 E.1-3.1, E.1-3.2. E.2-3.0.
E.3-3.1
Copper Creek Diversion NIA W. of Tailings Pile 1 E.0-3.0. E.1-3.0
East Waste Rock Pile . NIA Mine Support (L Waste Rock E.1-3.0, E.1-3.1
Holden Village NIA Holden Village E.1-2.9, E.2-2.9
Holden Village Septic Field NIA SE of Winston Home Sites D.92.9, E.0-2.9
Honeymoon Heights NIA Honeymoon Heights D.7-3.0.3.1, 3.2; 0.8-3.0,
3.1, 3.2,3.3; D.93.0,3.1,
3.2, 3.3
Hydroelectric Plant NIA ' W. of Tailings Pile 1 E.0-3.0
lntermtttent Drainage NIA Honeymoon Heights 0.8-3.0, 0.0-3.1, D.8-3.2,
D.8-3.3
Lagoon NIA Mine Support 8 Waste Rock E.0-2.9, E.0-3.0
Bar NIA Lucerne
Lucerne Guard Station NIA Lucerne 1-3
.. , Maintenance Yard NlA Maintenance Yard E.W.0
Mill Building NIA Mill Building E.0-3.0
Mine Support and Waste Rock NIA Mine Support 8 Waste Rock D.7-2.9, 3.0; D.8-2.0, 3.0;
D.92.9, 3.0; E.0-2.9, 3.0,
3.1; E.1-3.0,3.1, 2.9
Portal Museum NIA Mine Support 8 Waste Rock E.0-3.0
Sauna NIA NW of Tailings Pile 1 E.1-3.0
Shop ' NIA Maintenance Yard E.0-3.0
Storage NIA Maintenance Yard . E.0-3.0
Tailings Pile 1 NIA Tailings Pile 1 E.1-3.0, E.2-3.0, E.2-3.1
Tailings Pile 2 NIA Tailings Pile 2. E.2-3.0, E.2-3.1. E.3-3.0,
€3-3.1 , E .4-3.0, E.4-3.1
Tailings Pile 3 NIA Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0, E.4-3.1. E.53.0,
E.53.1
USFS Guard station . . NIA USFS Guard Station E.0-2.9
West Waste Rock Pile NIA Mine Support 8 Waste Rock E.0-3.0
Winston Home Sites NIA Winston Home Shes D.8-2.9; D.9-2.8,Z.Q; E.0-
2.8, 2.9
Geo~hvslcal Survev Line
A-A' NIA North of West Waste Rock Pile E.0-2.9, E.0-3.0
01-Bl' NIA Tailings Pile 1 E.1-3.0
02-82' NIA East Waste Rock Pile E.1-3.1
CC' NIA Tailings Pile 2 E.3-3.0, €33.1
DD' NIA Tailings Pile 3 E.43.0, E.43.1
E-E' NIA East of Tailings Pile 3 E.53.0. E.5-3.1
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGDATA COUECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE W S
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
L
Western Mine Support Area 0.8-2.9. 0.8-3.0. D.9-2.9,
0.9-3.0, E.0-2.9
Westem Mine Support Area 0.83.0, D.9-3.0, E.0-3.0,
E.l-3.0
East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0, E.5-3.1
F-F N/A . North of Tailings Piles 2 B 3 E.4-3.0
G-G' NIA . Between Tailings Piles 1 B 2 E.2-3.0, E.2-3.1
Sam~le Locations
Groundwater Monitoring Wells
HBKG-1
HBKG-2
CGBKG
H-1
H-2
HV-3/H-3
DS-1
DS-2
TPI-1 A
TPl-2A
TP1-2L
TPl-3A
TPl-3L
TP1-4A
W. of Tailings Pile 1
E. of Baseball Field/Campgr.
SW Tailings Plle 2
Holden Village
Hdden Village
Holden Village
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tallings Pile 3
Taillngs Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tallings Pile 1
Tallings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tallings Pile 1
Tallings Plle 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Plle 1
Tallings Pib 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Plle 2 .
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tallings Pile 2
Tailinps Pile 2
Tallings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tallings Pile 2
Tallings Pile 2
Tallings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tallings Pile 2
Tallings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Page 2 of 6
Potential background
Potential background
Background
Background
Downstream Wells:
Downstream Wells:
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17683005019
FeaturelAree or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comment.
8
PZ-5A .
PZ-5B
PZ-5C
PZgA
PZ-68
PZ4C
Lucerne Well
DMSS-1
DMSS-2
DMSS-3
DMSS-4
DMSS-5
DMSS-6
DMSS-7
DMSSB
DMSS-9
DMSS-10
DMSS-11
DMSS-12
DMSS-13
DMSS-14
DMSS-15
DMSS-16
DMSS-17
DMSS-18
DMSS-19
DMSS-20
DMSS-21
DMSS-22
DMSS-23
DMSS-24
DMSS-25
DMSS-26
DMSS-27
Lagoon 6"
Lagoon 2'
DMLGl
DMLG2
DMLG3
H:WoldenU)raP Final RI rpt\S-6\TaMes\rnapk@.ds
7/27/99
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Piie 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailing8 Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Piie 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Piie 3
Lucerne
Hdden Village
Hdden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Baseball Field
Wilderness Area
Wilderness Area
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Page 3 d6
Lucerne Guard Station
Surface soil
surface soil
Surface sol1
Surface mil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface roll
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface mil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface mil
Surface soil
surface soil
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface dl sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface edl sample
DAMES & MOORE
-i

TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLlNGlDATA COUECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
. 1_____
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area
Surlece Water
DMLG4
DMLGS
DMBGl
DMBG2
DMBG3
DM BG4
DMBGS
DMBG~
DMBG7
DMBGB
DMBGB
DM-= 10
DMBGll
DMBG12
DMBG13
DMBG14
DMBGIS
DMBG16
DMBG17
DMBG18
DMBGl9
DMTP1-2
DMTPl-3
DMTP1-4
DMTPlS-1
DMTP2-1
DMTP2-2
DMTP2S-1
DMTP3-1
DMTP3-2
DMTP3-3
DMTf'3-4
DMTP3S-1
DMTP3E-1
DMTP3E-2
DMTP3E-3
DMTP3E-4
DMTP3E-5
DMTP3E-6
DMTPW-1
DMTPW-2
DMTPW-3
DMTPW-4
DMTPW-5
DMTPW-6
DMTPW-7
RCl Railroad Creek
RC-1 North Bank Railroad Creek
RGl South Bank Railroad Creek
RC-2 Railroad Creek
RG2 South Bank Railroad Creek
Lagoon
Lagoon
Approximatety 1 -mile West of Site
Holden Creek Drainage
Between Holden Creek 6 Hart Lake
East of Hart Lake
Between Hart Lake 8 Crorm Point
Lyman Lakes
West of Hart Lake
West of Holden Creek
Weat of Big Creek
Copper Basin
Southwest of Site
South of Site
Near ~oirth Site Boundary
Near Holden Creek
Near Holden Creek
West of Site Boundary
Near Winston Home Sites
Northeast of Site
North of Holden Village
Tailings Pile 1
Tallings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tallings Piie 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Piie 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3 '
Irnmed. east of Tailings Pile 3
lrnked, east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sitea
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Coordinate Comments
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface Boil sample
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface sot1
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface Boil
Background rurface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface mil
Background surface mil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface wil
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
T d pit excavation
Teat pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test plt excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Teat pit excavation
TW~ pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 8.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINWDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
, DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17683005018
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
r
RC3
RC-4
RC4 South Bank
RC5
RCM
RC-6
RC-6 North Bank
RC7
RC-8
RC-8 North Bank
RCJ0
RCll
CC1
CC2
CCD
CCDl
P-1
P-5
HC-1
HC2
HC-3
HC4
Big-1
Tenmile Creek
A1
SPl
SP2
S P3
S P4
SP5
SP6
SP7
SP8
SP9
SPlOW
SPlOE
SPll
SP12
SP13
SP14
SPlW
SP15E
SP16
SP17
SP18
SP19
sm
SP2l
SP22
SP23
SP23B
H:\HoldenU)raR Final RI rpnSrpns6\Tables\mapkeya~
7127199
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek '
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Near Seven Mile Creek
Upstream of Holden Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Dlwersion
Copper Creek Dinkn Mine Support 6 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Big Creek
Tenmile Creek
Honeymoon Heights
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
West Waste Rock Pile
Weat Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Between P-5 8 RC-4
River Sauna
River Sauna
West of Vehicle Bridge
West of P-5
South of Holden Village
Honeymoon Heights
North of West Waste Rock Pile
North of West Waste Rock Pile
Lagoon
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1 (Near Copper Creek)
East of Tailings Pile 3
North of Maintenance Yard
Batween RCl and P-5
Between RC-1 and P-5
Page 5 of 6
Portal Dralnage/1500 Main
Portal Dralnage/RR Creek
D.53.1
1100 Level Portal
E.1-3.0
E.2-3.0
E.33.0
E.4-3.0
E.5-3.0
E.O-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.1-3.0
D.9-2.9
E.l-2.9
E.l-2.9
E.O-2.9
D.9-3.0
E.l-2.0, 3.0; E.2-2.9, 3.0 "Black Seep"
0.53.1
E.0-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.O-2.9
E.5-3.1
E.53.0
Bank sample
E.1-3.0
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 6.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINWDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 1769300501S
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
*
-
yS@S Select Samleg
USBM Select Sem~les
SP24 West of RC4 E.0-2.9
SP25 Between Vehicle Bridge L RC4 E.0-2.9
SP26 Between RG1 and RC-6 0.7-2.9
SP-27 Near Big Creek D2
CGDl Copper Creek Diirsion E.l-2.9
BKG 1R
DG-1
TP1-2
TP2-1
TPZ-2
TP3-1
RG2
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Ten Mile Creek
Railroad Creek near RC-2
Copper Creek Diversion
Railroad Creek at Vehicle Bridge
East of Tailings Pile 3
Nine Mile Creek
Railroad Creek near Seven Mile Creek
Seven Mile Creek
Railroad Creek at Lucerene
Holden Creek
Railroad Creek West of Site
Railroad Creek al Mile Post 7
Downstream of Vehicle Bridge
Downstream of Tailings Pile 3
Adjacent to Tailings Pile1
Downstream of Copper Creek
Adjacent to Tailings Pile 2
Adjacent to Tailings Pile 3
At Railroad Creek RC-2 Station
Page 6 d6
NlA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
E.6-2.9
E.5-3.0
E.l-3.0
E.O-2.9
E.5-3.0
F-3
F-3
F-3
NIA
P2
D2
G-3
DAMES & MOORE

CLIENT PRIVrLEGED AND CONFIDENTfiL
INTERNAL DRAFUFOR INTERNAL USE ONLY
TABLE 6.1-1
SECONDARY SULFATE MINERALS IDENTIFIED IN TEE ABANDONED HOLDEN MILL
AND TAILINGS
.............. ............. ......... ................
. - . - . - ...............
-, . - . - - . . - . - ....-.... - . ... - . .... -.
. . , . . -. .
o:\~\00~hIdcn-2\ni1M)d~
11693405419Uuly 26.1999,4:44 PM9w FINAL RI REPORT

T.bk abi
Losding WNlatlons - R d W Creak, My 1897
notden Yhu M S
Drma 6 Yoore lob No. 1 7 8 9 ~ 1 8
SP-24 0.9 6.24 6 0.1 6084 7.56 7 0.6 1123 0.0477 0.05 0.6 6.02 3.66 3 0.8 355 0.22 0
Reach 1 Balance
RC4
SP-1OW
SP-IOE
CCD
SP-1
SP-2
CopperCreek
SP-3
ReechZBalence
RC-7
SP-4
RC-2
TW Balana,
25.5
14181.1
0.3
0.3
198.2
0.9
0.9
424.8
4.7
59.5
11887.8
14.2
16009.6
65.0
22.45 572 6.0 66.56
0.47 8658 70.4
3.87 1 0.01 6657
1.4 0 0 6658
0.66 131 1.4 6769
53.5 51 0.5 6839
96.6 92 1.0. 6931
0.55 234 2.5 7164
47.9 227 2.4 7391
26.1 1550 16.4 8941
0.59 an2 92.8
36.3 515 5.4 9456
0.63 9458 100
24.97 2122 22.4
W A -90 -7.1 1034
0.07 1034 82.0
3.21 1 0.1 1035
0.71 0 0 1035
0.17 34 2.7 1069
3.49 3 . 0.2 1072
5.60 5 0.4 1077
0.01 6 0.5 1083
4.03 19 1.5 1102
2.5 146 11.6 1248
0.09 1204 100.2
0.90 12.8 1.0 1261
0.08 1261 100
0.66 56 4.4
Notes
1. Rowi shown in bold are data fa Raamad Creek rnonaoring statam.
2. Rows shorn in it- are loads reguied babw lhe total bad . The cmwmairn snd Ror en, sel so lhal lhe bad added (a subtracted) equab lhe load measured in R e i Creek.
3.LNlAWesenegativemncenbetimrsqJiredtopmducea~load.
4. -Tad-- b lh8 Stall of bEd reC&uied to bads br bo(h 1eadle-s.
5. The RC6 ststion is reqvbed to balance upstream of RC-1 end rm amsidered pm~~ of Reach I. n is shown fa mmparison anty to RC-I.
' Estimated Flow 500dr
lofl
. .
0.a080 0.20 2.5 6.23
0.0004 6.23 78.3
0.0257 0.01 0.1 6.23
0.0070 0.00 0 6.24
0.0018 0.35 4.4 6.58
0.0227 0.02 0.3 6.61
0.0228 0.02 0.3 6.63
O.OM)O20 0.01 0.1 6.64
0.0403 0.19 2.4 6.63
0.0173 1.03 12.9 7.88
0.00058 8.62 108.3
0.0073 0.10 1.3 7.96
0.OOOSJ 7.98 1W
0.015 1.23 15.5
0.77 20 5.6 374 W A -160 -3.5 . 263
0.0281'
2.21
374
1
105.8
0.3 375
0.02
0.03
283
0
8.2
0
,,
:I 283
0.76 0 0 375 14.10 4 0 . 288
0.046
0.698
0.914
0.0010
9
1
1
0
2.5
0.3
0.3
0
385 0.23
385 542.00
386487.00
386 0.04
46
513
461
17
1.0 : 334
11.3 : 847
10.2 . 1308
0.4 : 1325
1.20 6 1.7 393 154.00 723 16.0 ' 2048
W A 48 -13.6 345 23.74 1412 31.2.: 3460
0.023 342 W.6
0.48 7132 157.4 ;
0.670 10 2.8 354 74.90 1065 '23.5 ' 4524
0.024 354 100
0.30 4130 100 ..
4.32913 -26 -7.9 .
14.728 1252 27.6 1
DAMES & MOORE

Tabhu-2
~C.~-R.~Cm15SaptnnbsrlW7
no(dm~RMs
mmm 6 vowa Job NO. 176910064-019
Slstion
RC-6
SP-28
RC-1
SP-23
SP-238
SP-12
P-5
SP-9
SP-I 1
SP-24
Reach 1 Baram
RU
SP-low
SP-10E
CCD
SP-1
SP-2
~oppsr~rsek
SP3
Reach 2 Balance
RC-7
SP4
RC-2
Tow Baram .
Flar
M
3710"
0.3"
3737.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.5
8
0.0
. 0.0
198.2
0.0
0.1
141.8
0.4
34.0
4134.0
0.0
3850.9
42.5
Y-
Gmc Load u~oad Cumdah
mgA mqh dRC2 Load
0.35 1lW 19.2
0.54 0.14 0.008
0.35 1308 59.6 1308
0 0 1308
0 0 1308
0 0 1308
9.85 58 2.8 1384
0 0 1364
0 0 1384
0 0 1364
W A -74.8 -3.4 1283
0.37 1269 56.7
0 0 1289
0 0 1289
0.46 91 4.1 1380
0 0 1380
94.20 12 0.5 1392
0.47 87 3.1 1459
62.30 28 1.2 1464
20.92 711 32.4 2195
0.53 2191 99.8
0 0 2195
0.57 2195 100
14.98 636 29
Zmc
Car. ~oad %Load Cumrl*
mgA my% dRC-2 Load
0.004 15 16.9
0.022 0.008 0.007
1.48 63 70.8
c&rhn
cam. ~oad u~oad am&wa
mgll mqll dRC2 Load
O.OQ002 0.074 19.1
0.0003 O.a)008 0.020
0.0057 0.24 H.5
Coppg
~ m . ~oad KLW mefive
mgll rngh dRC2 Load
0.0004 1.5 32.8
0.022 0.008 0.1
0.0020 7 7.9 7 0.000020 0.07 17.9 0.07 O.W)OU) 1.5 32.8 1.5
0 0 7
0.00 0 0.07
0.0 0 1.5
0
0
0
0
7
7
0.00
0.00
0
o
. 0.07
o.m
0.01
0.0
0
0
1.5
I .5
2.98 17 19.1 24 O.M)8WO 0.05 12.8 0.12 0.02800 0.2 4.3.. 1.7
0 0 24
0.00 0 0.12
0.0 0 1.7
0 0 24
0.00 0 0.12
0.0 0 1.7
0 0 24
0.00 0 0.12
0.0 0 1.7
1.60 14 15.7 380.010000 0.08 20.5 0.21 0.70000 4.6 100 6.3
0.011 , 36 42.7
O.ooO(W0 0.21 W.8
0.00180 8.3 137.0
0.002
5.70
0.002
0
0
0
0
1
o
0
0
0
0
1.1
o
38
38
380.OWlW
38
39 0.00mo
3s 0.0000t0
0.00
0.00
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
0
0
5.1
0
0
o
0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22
0.n
0.23
0.00100
0.10100
o.mm
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
0
4.3
0
0
o
8.3
8.3
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
0.811 0 0 40 0.002000 0.00 0 0.23 0.08000 0.0 0 8.5
1.45 49 55.1 890.004600 0.16 41.0 0.39 W A -2.0 43.5 4.8
0.02 79 88.9
0.00000Q 0.37 M.9
O.Wl30 5.4 117.4
0 0 89
0.00 0 0.39
0.0 0 4.8
0.02 89 100
0.000100 0.39 100
0.00120 4.6 100
0.06 2.6 56.5
Imn .
~anc. ~oad K ~oad CLmdefive
mgn meh dRC-2 Load
0.040 148 3.6
0.010 0.003 0.00007 '
0.01 149 3.6 149
0 0 149
0 0 ' 149
0 0 149
0.01 0 0 ! 150
0 0 1 150
0 0 1. 150
0 0 150
W A -10 0.2. 139
0.01 139 3.3 ..
0 0 139
0 0 . 139
0.01 2 0.051; 141
0 0 141
685.00 88 2.1 228
0.01 i 0.02 . 229
251.00 103 2.5 . 332
112.63 3827 92.0 4159
1.15 4751 114.3 1.
0 0 ; 4159
1.08 4159 100 ' '
89.88 3817 91.8 ,
!
-DAMES 6 MOORE

TABLE 6.6-3
LOADING CALCULATIONS - RAILROAD CREEK, MAY 1998
1 = Includes both Big Creek Channels
2 = Estimated from field observations
e = Estimated from 1997 flow relationships
U = Undetected above indicated level
G:\wpd.~W5Lc~\hoIdcn-2\n760760da
17693-005-019Vuly 26,1999,4:45 PMDW FINAL RI REPORT

Table 6.64
Lo8dlng C.lculatiom - Addltlonal Source Areas, Spring and Fall 1997
Holden Mine RWS
Dame8 6 Moore Job No. 17893406019
*P
SP6
SP-7
SP-7
SP-8
SP-15 W
SP-15 E
SP-22
SP-21
SP-21
Si Laation
West W e Rock Pile
Mi BuWmg
Mi0 Build'mg
Easl W s Rock Pde
BslarSF8al~andaf~
Beb~SPBalsO~lhandd~ 5/22/97
Below SP7Mi Mtc yard
Earl of Tai- Pile 3
East of Taili Pde 3
Date Collected
5121197
5121197
911 9197
5p197
5/22/97
5/23/97
5/22/97
911 5197 '
flow
Us
0.439
Not=
FtDw measunment not available. ,
flow data for seeps taken horn Table 4.4-8a. RC-2 Load- valucs for % loading calculation taken frun Tables 8.6-1 and 6.62.
NIA = Not Applicable.
4.267
-
0.568
2.112
4.267
0.943
55.5
0.109
Zinc
Conc. Load %Load
mgll mgls ofRG2
22.1 9.70 0.8
4.33 18.5 1.5
3.47 NIA NIA
11.2 6.36 0.5
2.26 4.77 0.4
7.97 34.0 2.7
7.35 6.9 0.5
0.11 6.05 0.5.
0.13 0.015 0.02
Cadmium
Corn. Load %Load
mg/L tnglS dRC-2
0.173 0.076 1.0
0.034 0.15 1.8
0.026 NIA NIA
0.088 0.050 0.6
0.094 0.0198 0.2
0.055 0.233 2.9
0.048 0.045 0.6
0.001 0.06 0.8
0.0011 0.00012 0.031
Copper
Carc. Load %Load
mgR mgls ol RG2
12.7 5.58 1.6
2.81 12 3.4
1.93 NIA NIA
I
7.88 4.48 1.3
0.21 0.435 0.1
3.56 15.2 4.3
2.14 2.02 0.6
0.052 2.87 0.8
0.034 0.004 0.1
Imn .:
Cox. Load %
mg~L mgls of RG2
0.030 0.013 OiP002
0.12 0.51 :.0.01
0.22 NIA :NIA
0.030 0.017 0 ~ 0 4
0.010 0 ; 0
0.060 0.34 0.008
., .
0.010 0 i 0
1.00 55.5 . 1.2
1.53 0.167 0.004

J O NO. ~ 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

Job NO. 17693-005-019
Draft Final RI Report

Approximate -1 % Grade
for 15OPLevel
Ventilator Tunnel
1500 Ventilator Portal
(Elev. 3454)
LEGEND
- Approximate extent of underground
workings for this mine level only
. - .. .
,..,
.-
. .. ___,' I
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Stopes
15001evel
~~~roximate +1% Grade
for 1500-Level
Main Tunnel
Plan View Outline of
'.. .- ; Approximate extent of stope \
1500-Level Continues
Direction of inferred kter movement
Southeast Approximately
8.000 Feet
0 600 1,200
Scale in Feet
\
\
Figure 6.1 -2b
HOLDEN MlNE SITE
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPOW PATHWAY OF MlNE
DAMES & MOORE PLAN VIEW OF 1500 LEVEL
*aMa.rm~mouP-~
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Wters et al., 1992
...; ...................................................
USGS Man Quadthgle .... ! ................................................... 1973
........................................................... i ........................................................... i ........................................................... ........................................................... i ...... ............ ......................................... ............................................................................... ................. -....-.......-.......,I,..
A B C D E F G H 1
Figure 6.1 -3
DAMES & MOORE STREAMFLOW AND WATER QUALIT'f MONITORING STATIONS - RAILROAD CREEK
A~AMES~ MOORE~ROUPCQMPANY Holden Mine RVFS
Job NO. 17693-005-019
. .
Draft Final RI Report

LEGEND
SP14
Seep sample location
P-1 Portal sample location
RC1 Railroad Creek sample location
4 Approximate surface water flow path
0 700 1,400
Approximate Scale in Feet
APPROXIMATE LOCATIONS OF SURFACE
DAMES & MOORE WATER RUNON AND RUNOFF
AMMES6MOORECROUP~
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
Oxidant
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE CROUP COMPANY
I
1
Fe *+ H+ SO 2+ + Heat
%' 4
H20 (transport mechanism)
weathering product
H,O
(reactant)
Fe3+ Fe(0H) , + H+
S,Fe oxidizing bacteria
(catalyst)
Figure 6.3-1
SULFIDE OXIDATION
Holden Mine RI/FS
Draft Final RI Report

Oxidant
I
ZnS
H20 (transport mechanism)
H20 (reactant)
Bacteria-catalyst
Figure 6.3-2 .
DAMES & MOORE OXIDATIVE DISSOLUTION
A DAMES (L MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job No. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
Summer
Fall Winter
(rain) (snowpack ( v e raad
forms) flushing) \
- - -
. Weathering
Products accumulate Products leached Products accumulate
\
1,
neutralized (+/-) incompletely
neutralized
Baseline Groundwater Flow
Figure 6.3-3
DAMES & MOORE STORAGE AND TRANSPORT OF WEATHERING PRODUCTS
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

Figure 6.3-4a
I SOURCE: SRK Figure 6.3-4b
Figure 6.3-4
DAMES & MOORE Al (OH), STABILITY DIAGRAM
ADAMEf&MOORECROUPccW'ANy
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ob NO. 1?693-005-019 Draft Final RI Report

I SOURCE: Gamls a& Chfist, 1965
P A WES h MOORE GRWP CoMPANy
~ob
Figure 6.3-6
pH-Eh CONTROL ON PRECIPITATION/DISSOLUTlON
DAMES & MOORE OF IRON MINERALS AND IONS
Holden Mine RIIFS
NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

0 RC 1
0 RC4
A RC7
X RC2
0 RC5
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rodc Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
1:l
- - 5: 1
0.00001 0.0001 0,001 0.01 0.1 1 10 1 00 1000 10000
Sulfate (mmolesR)
Figure 6.4-1
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE IRON VS SULFATE SCATTER PLOT
A DAMES h MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

0 RC 1
RC4
A RC7
X RC2
0 RC5
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
E Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
1:l
- - 5: 1
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Sulfate (mmolesR)
Figure 6.4-2
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE ZINC VS SULFATE SCAlTER PLOT
A OAMES 4 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job No. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

0 RC 1
0 RC4
A RC7
X RC2
0 RC5
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
IU Mill Building
+ Portal raina age P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
- - 1:l
. . . . .100:1
,
Zinc (mmoUL)
~i~ure 6.4-3
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE ZINC VS CADMIUM SCATTER PLOT
A DAMES 4 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ o NO. b 17693-005-019 Draft Final RI Report

0 RC 1
RC4
A RC7
X RC2
0 RC5
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pi
East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
1:l
-- 200: 1
/
/
/
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Sulfate (mmolesR)
/
/
Figure 6.4-4
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE MANGANESE vs SULFATE SCA~ER PLOT
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

0 RC 1
RC4
A RC7
X RC2
0 RC5
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2 .
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pi
Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
1:l
- - 5: 1
0.000001
0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Sulfate (mmolesR)
Fiaure 6.4-5
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE COPPER VS SULFATE SCATTER PLOT
A DAMES 6 MOORE GRWP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

1
Sulfate (mrnoleaR)
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- failings Pile 3
;!
x West Waste Rodt Pile
EastWasteRockPile
Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
- 1:l , , , _U
Figure 6.4-6
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE CALCIUM VS SULFATE SCAlTER PLOT
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

1000 -:
0 RC 1
RC4
A RC7
X RC2
0 RC5
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
El Mill Building
+ Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
1:l
- - 5: 1
Stream Waters
Mine Seep waters
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Sulfate (mmolesll)
Figure 6.4-7
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE MAGNESIUM VS SULFATE SCAITER PLOT
A DAMES 4 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

0 RC 1 '0 RC4
A RC7 X RC2
0 RC5
+ Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 1
- Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile ~a w&e R& pi
Mill Building + Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage Pd - 1:l
.... .10:1 .- ,. .. Series1 6
0.001 0.01 0.1
Magnealum (mmolesll)
Figure 6.4-8
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE POTASSIUM VS MAGNESIUM SCATTER PLOT
A WES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RllFS
~ob NO. 17693-005-019 Draft Final RI Report

P A DAMES MOORE GROUP COMPANY
' +
0 RC 1
RC4
A RC7
X RC2
0' RC5
Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2
- Tailings Pile 3
x West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
dl Mill Building
Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
1:l
- - 5: 1
Mine Seep waters
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Sulfate (mmoledL)
Fiaure - -v-.- 6.4-9 -- - -
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE ALUMINUM VS SULFATE SCATTER PLOT
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

ORC 1 ORC 4
ARC 7 XRC 2
ORC 5 Tailings Pile 1
+Tailings Pile 2 ' -Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building +portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
Fiaure 6.4-1 1
- ---- - -- - - -
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE ALUMINUM VS pH SCATTER PLOT
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

I ARC7 XRC 2 I I
ORC5. Tailings Pile 1
+Tailings Pile 2 -Tailings I Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pi East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building +portal Drainage P-1
I 0 Portal Drainage P-5 I !
Figure 6.4-1 2
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE COPPER VS pH SCAlTER PLOT
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job No. 17693-005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS'
Draft Final RI Report

ORC 1 ORC 4
ARC7 XRC 2
ORC5 Tailings Pile 1
+Tailings Pile 2 -Tailings Pile 3
I
x West Waste Rock Pile East Waste Rock Pile
QMill Building +Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
Figure 6.4-1 3
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE ZINC VS pH SCAmER PLOT
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

ORC 1 ORC 4
ARC 7 XRC2
ORC 5 Tailings Pile 1
I
+Tailings Pile 2 -Tailings Pile 3
X West Waste Rock Pile East Waste Rock Pile
Mill Building +portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5
Figure 6.4-1 4
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE CADMIUM VS pH SCATTER PLOT
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCES: SRK
H Flushing Reduced
Some Variable Air Movement
Northrrest Geophyslcd Assouates, 1997, Seismic Line A-A', 6-8'. Hdden Mine
Geophysical Invesiigation.
Youngberg, E. A., Wilson, T: L., 1952, The Geology of the Holden Mine, Economic
Geology, V 47, No. 1, 1952, pp. 1-12.
W.A.B., 1942, Detailed Surface Geology Map, How Sound Co., Chelan Division
EE., H.B.S., 1938, ~~eology of 1500 Level, How Sound Company Chelen Division
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MXME GROUP COMWW
Job NO. 17693-005-019
LEGEND
. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Open stope
. . . . . . . . . .
Baddilled nope
Dike
-.-.-.- Transform fault
Direction of water movement
* NOTE:
This cross section'is generally parallel to ore
body and 1500-level ventilator tunnel. Due to .
the 1500-level main tunnel having +1% grade,
water flow is toward main portal opening but not
shown on this figure. (See Figures 6.1-2a and
6.1 -2b)
0 500 1,000
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Direction of air movement Figure 6.5-1
GENERAL WATER AND AIR FLOW FEATURES
IN THE UNDERGROUND MINE-SUMMER
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCES: SRK
Northwest Geophpysrcal Associates, 1997, Seismic Line A-A', 6-6: Holden Mine
Geophysical Investigation.
Youngberg, E. A., Wilson, T: L., 1952. The Geology of the Hdden Mine, Economic
Gedog~, K47, NO. 1, 1952,~~. 1-12.
WA.6.. 1942, Detailed Surface Geology Map, Howe Sound Co.. Chelan Division
EE., H.B.S., 1938. Geology of 1500 Level, Howe Sound Company Chelan Division
DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
LEGEND
Oxidation of Sulphides Surface Water
in Stopes
Backfilled stope
-.-.-.- Transform fault
F
NOTE:
This cross section is generally parallel to ore
body and 1500-level ventilator tunnel. Due to
the 1500-level main tunnel having +I % grade,
water flow is toward main portal opening but not
shown on this figure. (See Figures 6.1-2a and
6.1 -2b)
0 500
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Direction of water movement
--) Direction of air movement Figure 6.5-2
GENERAL WATER AND AIR FLOW FEATURES
IN THE UNDERGROUND MINE-WINTER
Holden Mine RWS
Drafl Final RI Report

t
upslope Surface
Water Rum and
Direct Predpltalion
OHlrlcmd
~ b w Area West
ofsite
Overtand*
I------,----------------------------------------------------------------------------
I-(mI M)
r------_--_--____-------------------------------------------------------------
I Exdmadm
4
I Seep SP-26 I
I
Rewwked Till
GImamn
1500 Level
ventilator ~wtal
Abandoned
Retention Pond
Containing Tailings
Groundwater
(AIRT)
I ' + ~ ~ ~ o u n d )
I
I-------------------------------------- -3
..............................................................
- omlami
Intermit$nt -, f"~i~mim W Drainage r
m Waste Rodc Ales Gxlmhabr
(soOandll00
(/VRT)
Level)
I----
I
Mmrabd
Bedrodc RachmS --+ Mine
-
Ovarland
1100 Level
(Sew A-1) (See Figure 42-6)
Infmabo, andm I P-5
I
- P
omlami
Onrland
~ a v West bdilbabo?
Edabafm
Intermittent OH)z Overland flow
-----+ WRodt Pile Gnxtndwater
Lagoon
See~age
W Intermittent
f"JihaM (1 500 Level Main)
(AIRT) SP-6. SP-15 (SP-16)
(MayIJune)
f m
I I I
omlami
Eifi'mh -Ubedand asdand ow~fmd
F~YW East 6mmh Gmdwater Intermittent FI, ROW
w *
VWte Rode Pile - b ) Tailings Pile 1 b Seep SP-19
-D(lm~*sh) I (AIRT) SP-8
L Diversion I I d
f . I ' I
I
I
: (AlwiumlReworked Till)
(See Figure 6.32)
--
Indirectly Mng lo Abandoned
RR Creek Drainage Channel
(SP-1, SP-2) (See Figure 4.14).
DAMES & MOORE
Figure 6.5-4
HONEYMOON HEIGHTS AND MINE SUPPORT AREAS
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORT PATHWAYS
A MMES & MOORE CROUP COMPANY
Job No. 17693-00501 9
I
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

Date
Figure 6.5-5
DAMES & MOORE 1997 PORTAL DRAINAGE SULFATE AND METALS LOAD
A MMES 6 MOORE GRWP (X)MPANY
Job No. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
Summer
$ Air Flow
~-@ Water Flow
Oxygen movement by diffusion
Oxidation in surface only
Water table low
Winter Snow pack
I Oxygen movement by convection
or diffusion
Limited leaching
Snow pack melts
50°F Leaching of salts by
1
rising water table and infiltration
Figure 6.5-6
GENERAL WATER AND AIR FLOW FEATURES IN'THE SIDE-HILL
DAMES & MOORE WASTE ROCK PILES
A CMMES a MOORE WIOUP cmwvy
~ob No. 17683-005-019
I
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final Rl Report

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. - - - . . -. . -. . - . . . .
Primary Flow Direction
Secondary Flow Direction
0.7 0.8 D. 9 E.0 E.l E.2 E.3 E.4 E.5 Figure 6.5-7
SOURCE: Base map inbrmation from USFS and
Washngtm DNR, DEM CD ROM
I DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES a -RE GROW COMPANY
CONCEPTUAL GROUNDWATER FLOWPATHS
HOLDEN MINE SITE
SPRING CONDITIONS
Holden Mine flI/FS
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
Draft Final RI Report

D. 7 0.8 D. 9 E.0 E. 1 E.2 E.3 E.4 E.5 Figure 6.5-8
SOURCE: Base map information frwn USFS and
Washington DNR, OEM CD ROM
I DAMES & MOORE
CONCEPTUAL GROUNDWATER FLOWPATHS
HOLDEN MINE SITE
FALL CONDITIONS
.A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

0 Acidity Addition
Water Runon end
Did Precipitation
Salt Addition
@ Alkalinity Addition
0 Adsorption
@ pH Buffering
0 Eh Buffering
@ Co-precipitation
@ Precipitation
8 Efflorescence
Notes:
Metals loading based on
RC-2 concentrations. Bold
reflects Railroad Creek
bmaf2 Flnr
TGz!? m-
Groundwater
f r n
.
East
Was!eRodtFik
,?zmaUm'
I
I
Intermittent
Seep
SP-8
hmmim
+ Tailings Pie 1
bm
Fla
j Seep SP-19
~rans~ortkate Processes Metals Loading'
Diversion
(ksrlind I'
I
Copper Creek
sampling stations where * (see Figure 6.3-2)
cumulative loads are (ks~vrd
presented.
of load -,
as measured at RG2
" Metal loads 4%
(AIRT) = (AluviumlReworked Till)
DAMES & MOORE
A ~ A Ma E MOORE ~ GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
w Copper. -
Basin
I - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
i
SP-1 OF'
Figure 6.59
HONEYMOON HEIGHTS AND MINE SUPPORT AREAS
CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORTIFATE PROCESSES AND RAILROAD CREEK METALS LOADING
Holden Mine RUFS
Draft Final RI Report

0 RC 1 0 RC4
A RC7 1 X RC2
/
0 RC5 Tailings Pile 1
+ Tailings Pile 2 - Tailings Pile 3
X WegtWasteRodcPlle EmtWmeRockPile
D Mill Building + Portal Drainage P-1
0 Portal Drainage P-5 A SP-231238
1:l - - 2: 1
1 L1
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
Potasslum (mmolesR)
Figure 6.5-1 0
SURFACE AND SEEPAGE WATER SAMPLES
DAMES & MOORE POTASSIUM VS SODIUM SCAlTER PLOT
A MMES 4 MOORE GRUJP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIFS
Draft Flnal RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
Oxidation limit
Mn++ FeO M - FeO
Oxidation by diffusion in near surface
..-.-.-.-.- Freewater eurfrce kOlngr + Amwr hdkato groundwrtar
('8' eerlea) Row dirrctbn. Fbw mrgnltuda
. - - - - - AHuvbmlroworked WI b proportbnal to rnow tlze.
Polentbmetrk
Surface ('A' aer~ee) 0enr8 tm Solute Movement 0 loo 200
- mafnga Horkonml and Vr&al
Bedrock Air Movement 8crk h Fa11
Ij;i: Cori~~v~um
groundwater
Figure 8.5-1 1
DAMES & MOORE GENERAL WATER AND AIR FLOW FEATURES IN TAILINGS
A MMES & MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
~ o NO. b 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

1
Surface Water
Runon and
Direct Precipitation
Overland
Flow
Overland + obrland
flow low Ditch Diverts
+ Tailings Pile 2 Tailings Pile
Surface Water
I
Movement in
Overland
~lav
Tailings Pile 2
Overland
flow
Dich Diverts
1- .Cleann Water w Copper Creek b
Intermittent Seep
(SP-3)
-----------------
I-~-------~-~jY~
Tailings Pile 3
Figure 6.5-13
TAILINGS PILE 2
DAMES & MOORE CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORT PATHWAYS
Job No. 17693-005-01 9
A aAMES 4 MOORE CROUP C O W
Holden Mine RIIFS
Drafl Final RI Report

In~Vtratim
to Grwndwater
.
Base of
------------ ........................
I
Tailings Pile 3 -i
I
I Abandoned
I
*
I lnfiltratim, I
I to Gmndwater I Channel .
I
I I
-#
I
I
Intermittent
Seep (SP-4)
-#
I
I Intermittent Seeps
(SP-5;
t ........................
----------
I
I SP-17, SP-18) I
I I
Ditch Diverts I 4 Flav
f
. 1 ~lean~~ater
1 - L
-4 I
u i i L
Figure 6.5-14
TAILINGS PILE 3
DAMES & MOORE CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORT PATHWAYS
A DAMES a MooRE GROUP COMPANY
~ob NO 17693-005-019
Surface Water
Runon and -
Direct Precipitation
~nfiltratim, I I
~ve- v I Owr~and '
now
b Tailings Pile 3
ROW
b
Ditch Diverts
Tailings Pile
Surface Water
4
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Infiltration of Snowmelt and Intermittent Precipitation
..-.-.-.-.- Freewater surface Vl ~j-,. , Tailings 'I ' Arrows indicate groundwater
.-----
("B" series)
Potentiometric
1 3 Allwiudreworked till
flow direction. Flow magnitude
is proportional to arrow size.
Surface ("A" series) Dense ti11
Bedrock
0 100 200
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Ponded Water from Snowmelt
Figure 6.5-15
CONCEPTUAL HYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION
DAMES & MOORE TAILINGS PILES #1, 2, AND %MAY
A OAMES 6 MOORE CROUP COMW
Job NO. 17693-005-019
I
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Note: Some flow lost into plane of figure.
travels through old stream channel:
..-.-.-.-.- Freewater surface 1 Tailings Arrows indicate groundwater
("B" series) flow direction. Flow magnitude
Alluviurnlreworked till is proportional to arrow size.
. - - - - - Potentiornetric
Surface ("A" series) a) Dense till
F. . . . . . . . ... I
Infiltration of Intermittent Rainfall
:.:.: . :.:.:.:.:>:":.:
......... . . . . . . . . . Colluvium - tailings Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Figure 6.5-16
CONCEPTUAL HYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION
DAMES & MOORE TAILINGS PILES #I, 2, AND &SEPTEMBER
A DAMES h MOORE CROUP COMPANY
J O NO. ~ 17693-00s-019
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

Notes:
Surface Water.
Runon and
Direct Precipitation
Metals loading based on RG2
concentrations. Bold reflects Railroad Creek
sampling stations where cumulative loads
are presented.
" Metal loads 4% of load as measured at
RG2.
Infiltrah Alluvium/Fieworked Till
TransportIFate Processes
Tailings Pile 2
b Tailings Pile 3
v
SP-21
7 (See Figure 6.5-19)
(See Figures 6.5-9 and 6.5-17)
(See Figure 6.5-1 9)
0 . Acidity Addition 0 Adsorption @ Co-precipitation
Salt Addition @ pH Buffering @ Precipitation
@ Alkalinrty Addition a Eh Buffering 8 Efflorescence
Metals Loading*
Figure 6.5-18
TAILINGS PILE 2
DAMES & MOORE CONCEPTUAL TRANSPORTIFATE PROCESSES
A DAMES 6 MOORE CROUP COhWANy
Job NO 17693005-01 9
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Approximate Scale in Feet
SOURCE: ORB. 1975
DAMES & MOORE
A aAMES d MOORE CROUP COMPANY
~ o NO. b 17693-005-01
d Approximate surface water flow path
* Metal loads 4% of load as measured at RC-2
NOTES: NS Not sampled (no measurable flow)
-- ---
Seep (SP) and portal loading is point source contribution to
Railroad Creek as compared to RC-2.
Railroad Creek loading is representative of cumulative load.
Loading balance data are proided in Section 6.0 of the report.
Figure 6.5-20
LOADING OF SELECT METALS IN
.RAILROAD CREEK - SITE
Holden Mine RIIFS
9 Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
-
-
-
L
-
-0- Holden P-5 1997
+ Holden P-5
(Battelle) 1991
++ Sullivan Mine
+ Baker Mine
I 1 I I I I I I I 1 I
Figure 6.7-2
PORTAL DISCHARGE pH FROM SELECTED MINES
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
1
L
'i +- Holden P-5 (Battelle)
1991 (unfilt.)
-tf Sullivan Mine
-4 Baker Mine
+- Holden P-5 (1 997)
I I I I I I I 1 I I I I
J F M A M J J A S O N D J
Month
Figure 6.7-3
DAMES & MOORE COPPER DISCHARGE CONCENTRATIONS FROM SELECTED MINES
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9 '
Holden Mine RllFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: SRK
10
I I I I I r I
Figure 6.7-4
DAMES & MOORE ZINC DISCHARGE CONCENTRATIONS FROM SELECTED MINES
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
s
- -C Holden P-5 (Battelle)
- -
+
1991 (unfilt.)
- -
++ Sullivan Mine
-- + Baker Mine
- -0- Holden P-5 1997
J F M A M J J A S O N D J
Month
Holden Mine RI/FS
Draft Final RI Report

7.0 BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Both a Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) and Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA)
were prepared for the Holden Mine Site and nearby Holden Village in Chelan County. Washington (Figures
7.0-1 through 7.0-3 and Table 7.0-1). The overall approach and methodology for evaluating the risks
associated with the Site are discussed below.
7.1 HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
7.1.1 Methodology
The intent of the HHRA is to evaluate the potential for threats to human health based on available
information collected by the USGS, USFS, Ecology, and Dames & Moore.
A systematic evaluation of the potential risks to human health was conducted in accordance with guidelines
outlined in the following Ecology and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) documents:
Washington State Model Toxics Control Act-Cleanup (WAC 173-340); Model Toxics Control Act Cleanup
Levels and Risk Calculations (CLARC I4 Update (Ecology, 1996); Statistical Guidance for Ecologv Site
Managers (Ecology, 1992); Supplement to Statistical Guidance for Ecology Site Managers (Ecology. 1993):
Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfimd, Volume I, Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part A) (USEPA.
1989) and Part B (USEPA, 1991'b); W ce of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWERJ Directive
9285.6-03, Supplemental Guidance: Standard Default Exposure Factors (USEPA, 1 99 1 a); Guidance for
Data Usability in Risk Assessment (USEPA, 1992b); and Soil Screening Guidance: Technical Background
Document (USEPA, 1996).
The human health risk assessment process typically involves five basic elements:
1. Data Review and Evaluation. Available data were reviewed to characterize the Site and
its associated constituents, define the nature and magnitude of constituent releases to
environmental media (soil, air and water), and identify site-related indicator hazardous
substances (IHSs).
2. . Exposure Assessment. The exposure assessment defines the amount frequency, duration,
and routes of receptor exposure to site-related IHSs. The exposure assessment considers
both current and likely future site uses, and is based on complete exposure pathways to
actual or probable receptors (i.e., the people that could come in contact with site-related
IHSs). Exposure scenarios are summarized in the Exposure Pathways Model. Exposure
point concentrations representative of upper-bound exposure conditions in each affected
medium are also estimated in the exposure assessment. In this baseline risk assessment, the
exposure assessment is conducted in the screening level human health assessment and then
refined in the site-specific HHRA.
3. Toxicity Assessment. The toxicity assessment serves to (I) identify the nature and degree
of toxicity of each IHS, and (2) characterize the dose-response relationship (the relationship
between magnitude of exposure and magnitude of adverse health effects) for each IHS.
Two kinds of effects are recognized: (1) non-carcinogenic effects, and (2) carcinogenic
G:\wpd.uW~\boIdm2Li\7-0.d0~ 7- 1
17693-005-019Uuly 27.1999;5:16 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

effects. The same constituent may exert both kinds of effects. USEPA has developed
toxicitywiteria for most of the constituents detected at the site.
4. Risk Characterization. ,. In risk characterization, exposure and toxicity data were 0
combined to define site-specific cleanup criteria and estimate the nature and magnitude of
potential risks to defined receptor populations. Non-carcinogenic risks to human receptors
were quantified by the haziud quotient (HQ), the ratio of IHS concentration in site media to
the corresponding non-cancer risk-based level multiplied by the acceptable hazard.
Cumulative hazard is expressed as a hazard index (HI). Carcinogenic risks were quantified
by estimating the excess cancer risks, expressed by the ratio of the IHS concentration to the
cancer risk-based levels multiplied by the acceptable cancer risk.
5. Uncertainty Analysis. Like &y other form of modeling, risk assessment relies on a set of
assumptions and estimates, each of which has some element of uncertainty. The
uncertainty analysis accounts for both variability in and lack of knowledge about measured
and estimated parameters, allowing decision makers to better evaluate risk estimates in the
context of the assumptions and &ta used in the assessment.
This Human Health Baseline Risk Assessment was performed in two stages: 1) screening level human
health assessment, and 2) site-specific human health risk assessment. The purpose of the screening level
human health assessment was to produce a comprehensive conceptual site model in order to select
appropriate IHSs. The site-specific HHRA quantified risks and hazards for those pathways considered
significant.
7.1.1.1 Screening Level Human Health Assessment
The methodology for conducting the screening level human health assessment was applied sequentially, as
follows:
Develop a comprehensive, preliminary conceptual site model for the site
Develop criteria for screening data
Conduct data evaluation
Refine the exposure pathways model
Select IHSs
The results of these steps were used to select significant exposure pathways for the site-specific HHRA.
Each step of the screening human health assessment is discussed in detail in Section 7.1.3.
~ : \ ~ ~ u \ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l o ~ d c n - z \ r i \ ~ ~ . d o ~ '
17693-0059 I9Uuly 27. 1999:s: 16 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

7.1.1.2 Site-Specific Human Health Risk Assessment
The site-specific HHRA was conducted for those constituents and exposure pathways which significantly
contributed to the risk at the site as determined in the screening level human health assessment. The
methodology for the site-specific HHRA was performed in the following steps:
Characterize the relevant exposure pathways
Develop exposure concentrations based on statistical evaluation of the data
Characterize the toxicity of the IHSs
Develop site-specific cleanup levels
Characterize risks associated with the site
Discuss uncertainties in the risk characterization
Each step of the site-specific HHRA is discussed in detail in Section 7.1.4.
7.1.2 Data Evaluation
The purpose of the data evaluation section is to summarize the types of data utilized in the risk assessment
and to evaluate specific data sets as they pertain to the selection of indicator hazardous substances (IHS).
7.1.2.1 Source Characterization by Media
Holden Mine was a copper, zinc, gold and silver mine located to the west of Lake Chelan in the Railroad
Creek watershed of Chelan County, Washington. The mine operated from 1938 to 1957 and generated
approximately 10 million tons of tailings materials. Approximately 8.5 million tons of the tailings were
deposited in three impoundments constructed adjacent to Railroad Creek (i.e., tailings piles 1.2 and 3). The
remainder of the material was backfilled in the underground mine workings. The USFS has completed a
number of site reclamation efforts, including the covering of the tailings piles with gravel to mitigate dust
emissions, the installation of surface water interceptor swales, bank protection for Railroad and Copper
Creek, and the revegetation of the surface of the tailings piles. Additional details on the mine and its
environs can be found in Sections 1,2 and 4.
The Site has been extensively studied by others since mine and mill closure in 1957. The investigations
have included sampling and analytical testing of surface water, sediments, groundwater, soil, tailings. seeps,
mine portal drainage, air, and aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish. The primary focus of the studies was to
assess the impacts of the tailings piles and mine discharge on the above-mentioned media. Detailed tables
containing sample results for recent and historic samples can be found in Section 5. All 1997 and 1998 data
collected by Dames & Moore were validated as discussed in Section 5. Data which has been used for the
risk assessment is discussed below by media, and includes 1997 and 1998 Dames & Moore data and, in
some cases, historical data' collected by others from 1991 to 1997. Data tables for the risk assessment are
included in Tables 7.1-A through 7.1 -K of this risk assessment.
G:\~VY)~Uloldm-2\n~7-O-O&c 7-3
17693-005419Vuly 27.1999.5:16 PMlDIlAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Surface Soil
For the purposes of the human health risk'assessment, surface soil data collected from the upper six
inches of soil was divided into the following areas based. on physical location and/or exposure
chqacteristics: .- - .
Subsurface Soil
Holden Village (historic and 1997 data)
Holden Village vegetable garden (1997 data)
Baseball field (1997 data)
Wilderness boundary (1997 data
Maintenance yard (1997 data)
Lagoon area (1 997 and 1998 data)
USFS guard station (historic data only)
Subsurface soil data was not used in the baseline risk assessment because there is no current or reasonably
foreseeable future exposure to subsurface soil. There is no anticipated future change in the current land uses
that would indicate future exposures to subsurface soil.
Tailings
Historic and 1997 data from all three tailings piles were combined for the risk assessment. Subsurface
tailing samples were not used in the assessment since there is no reasonably foreseeable exposure. Wind
blown tailings sample data were combined with surface tailings data.
Sediment
For the purposes of the human health risk assessment, sediment, flocculent and concentrate sample data
were combined. These three media were assumed to represent human exposure to sediment-like materials
during recreational activities. The combined data sets were evaluated for the following exposure areas:
Railroad Creek adjacent to the Site (historic and 1997 data)
Railroad Creek downgradient of the Site (historic and 1997 data)
Copper Creek (historic data)
Copper Creek Diversion (1993 USGS data)
G:\~u~~\hoIdm-2\n~7-O.doc 7-4
17693M)S419Uuly 27,19W;J:16 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Surface Water
Historic and 1997-1998 Railroad Creek and Copper creek analytical results were evaluated for the
following areas:
Railroad Creek adjacent to the Site
Railroad Creek downgradient of the Site
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
Samples collected from the Copper Creek diversion were assessed in the human health risk assessment to
evaluate exposure in the sauna dipping pond. Hydroelectric plant outtlow, which originates from the
Copper Creek diversion, is discharged to the sauna dipping pond. Surface water concentrations were used
to evaluate risks to humans from consuming fish from Railroad Creek.
Groundwater
The only groundwater samples evaluated in the human health risk assessment were those collected in 1997
from the USFS well at Lucerne that is reportedly used seasonally for drinking water. No exposure to ground
water at the Site or at Holden Village was expected.
Seeps
Historic and 1997-1998 seep data (all data except non-mine influenced locations) were evaluated.
1500-Level Mine Portal Drainage
Historic and 1997- 1998 1500-level mine portal drainage data were evaluated.
1500-Level Ventilator Portal Seepage
One 1998 sample was evaluated.
Air
Post-remediation air monitoring data collected in 1994 by the USFS were evaluated in the human health risk
assessment.
Fish
Fish muscle tissue samples were analyzed for metals by Pacific National Laboratories (PNL, 1992) in 1989
and 1991 at four locations: upstream, at the Site. at Lucerne, and at 25-Mile Creek. Fish muscle tissue
samples were also analyzed by Ecology in 1992 at approximately the same four locations. Mean muscle
concentrations were evaluated in the human health risk assessment.
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7.1.2.2 Statistical Analysis of Data
For each data set, summary statistics were calculated for use in the risk assessment. These summary
statistics included:
'Number of samples
Number of detections
Minimum detected concentration
Maximum detected concentration
Range of detection limits
Distribution (normal, lognormal, or neither)
Arithmetic mean
Arithmetic standard deviation
Median
Estimate of 95 percent upper confidence limit (UCL) concentration based on appropriate
distribution, if available
Statistical calculations were conducted using the Ecology MTCAStat V2.1 Excel Macro. Tables presenting
the summary statistics are included as Tables 7.1-A through 7.1-K.
7.1.2.3 Evaluation of Background Data
Twenty background samples were collected in 1998 to characterize area background for soil at the Site.
These area background levels are detailed in Table 7.1-1. In addition, Table 7.1-1 shows natural
background concentrations for the Yakima Basin which were obtained from Ecology (1994), and
Washington State background concentrations obtained from Dragun (1991).
Table 7.1-1 also shows area background concentrations of total metals calculated for surface water. These
background data were calculated using Ecology MTCAStat V2.1 Excel Macro, and were used in the risk
assessment to evaluate whether detected constituents in surface water were site-related. Upgradient data
(assumed to represent background or non-Holden Mine influenced areas) were available for sediment,
seeps, .fish, and groundwater; however, there were an insufficient number of samples to calculate area
background values.
Section 5 describes the statistical derivation of area background concentrations for the site.
7.1.2.4 Process for Selection of Indicator Hazardous Substances
1-
IHSs were selected for evaluation in this Baseline Risk Assessment based on a screening process consistent
with Ecology Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) guidance. IHSs are defined by Ecology as those
hazardous substances that can be used to define site cleanup requirements. Hazardous substances not
selected as IHSs should contribute a small percentage of the overall threat to human health and the
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environment. IHSs were selected for the HHRA based on a screening level risk assessment which
compared maximum detected concentrations to data evaluation criteria listed below:
Essential Nutrients. If the constituent was considered an essential nutrient. it was
eliminated as an IHS. This approach is consistent with USEPA risk assessment guidance
(USEPA, 1989) and MTCA (WAC 173-340-708[2][b][i]).
Frequency of detection. If a constituent was detected in less than 5 percent of the samples
of a medium (or in an exposure area) it was eliminated as an IHS. This approach is
consistent with USEPA risk assessment guidance (USEPA, 1989) and is recommended in
MTCA guidance (WAC 173-340-708[2][b][vi]).
Background values. If the maximum detected concentration was less than the
corresponding background concentration developed, the constituent was eliminated as an
IHS. This approach is consistent with USEPA risk assessment guidance (USEPA, 1989)
and is recommended in MTCA guidance (WAC 173-340-708[2]p][iv]).
Model Toria Control Act (MTCA) Method A Levels. If the maximum concentration of
a constituent was less than the relevant MTCA Method A level, it was considered to
contribute a small percentage of the overall risk and was eliminated as an IHS. Method A
levels are generic cleanup levels which were obtained fiom MTCA (WAC 173-340-720[2].
173-340-740[2]), amended January 1996.
MTCA Method B Levels. If the maximum concentration of a constituent was less than
the relevant MTCA Method B level, it was considered to contribute a small percentage of
the overall risk and was eliminated as an IHS. Method B levels are developed using
standard equations in MTCA and were obtained h m Model Toxics Control Act Cleanup
Levels and Risk Calcularions (CLARC II) Updare (Ecology, 1996). When a Method B
level was not available in CLARC I1 for a constituent detected at the site. it was calculated
using equations provided by MTCA, if toxicity data were available. For the particulate
emissions pathway, soil cleanup levels were calculated using the methodology presented in
Soil Screening Guidance. Technical Background Document (USEPA. 1996).
The selection of the IHSs is presented in the Screening Level Human Health Assessment in Section 5-3.1.
7.1.3 Screening Level Human Health Assessment
A screening level human health assessment was conducted to provide a preliminary evaluation of exposure
pathways and analytical data, select indicator hazardous substances (IHSs) to cany through the site-specific
human health risk assessment and define significant exposure pathways. lHSs are defined by Ecology as
those hazardous substances that can be used to define site cleanup requirements.
7.1.3.1 Preliminary Exposure Pathway Model
Based on site characteristics and land use, a preliminary exposure pathway model was developed for the
Site. The model illustrates our conceptual understanding of the chemical sources, release and transport
mechanisms and the potential exposure pathways, exposure routes, and receptors.
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The completeness of potential exposure pathways and exposure routes given the current land use and
expected future land use were evaluated in order to develop this exposure pathway model. A complete
exposure pathway consist. of the following four elements: (1) a source of constituent release to the
environment, (2) an environmental transport medium (e.g., air, groundwater. fugitive dust emissions, soil
runoff into water bodies, etc.), (3) a point of potential contact for receptors (also referred to as an exposure
point), and (4) a route of entry into humans, either via inhalation, ingestion, or dermal contact with the
affected medium. The presence or absence of any of these elements depends on the specific conditions
found at the Site. Those exposure pathways deemed to be potentially complete were evaluated by
comparing measured concentrations in media with the corresponding screening level criteria in the
screening level human health assessment.
The preliminary exposure pathway model is illustrated in Figure 7.1-1. Land use characteristics and each
element of the preliminary exposure pathway model, as well as the reason for selection of complete
exposure pathways, are discussed below.
Land Use Characteristics
The Holden Mine is located in the Cascade Mountain Range within the Wenatchee National Forest. The
Glacier Peak Wilderness generally bounds the Site to the west, north and south. A large portion of the
mine-related facilities and tailings are situated near the floor of a steepsided glacial valley. The Holden
Mine, the abandoned mill building, and the associated tailings are currently not utilized except on an
occasional basis by recreational users (i.e., sight-seers). A series of walking trails and roads allow physical
access to the mill area and the 1500-level mine portals.
A maintenance yard area is located immediately north of the mill facility. This area was previously utilized
for storage of transformers and petroleum hydrocarbons. The maintenance yard buildings are currently
utilized by Holden Village for equipment maintenance and storage.
Holden Village is situated immediately to the north of Railroad Creek, which generally bounds the mine
property to the north. Holden Village is an interdenominational religious retreat operated under a
Conditional Use Permit from the USFS. All of the buildings in the village are located on USFS property.
The village includes approximately 25 buildings. The buildings include a school and associated play area,
cafeteria, housing for full-time residents, dorm housing for visitors, meeting room, library, art studio, and
store. A road from Holden Village to Lucerne is used several times daily by buses operated by the village
during the summer months, and on an occasional basis by USFS vehicles. During the winter months, the
road is used less frequently and snow is plowed as possible; otherwise, tracked personnel carriers are
utilized.
According to Ms. Janet Grant, Holden Village Director, approximately 50 to 60 "long-term" staff have been
present in the village at any one time over the last 15 to 20 years. One couple reportedly stayed in Holden
Village for 20 years, leaving in 1983. Five people have stayed for over 15 years and 20 to 25 people have
stayed for 5 to 10 years. In addition, approximately 5000 to 6000 people visit the facility each year, each
staying from an average of wo to seven days.
Holden Village maintains a small vegetable garden (approximately 2000 square feet). According to Ms.
Grant, the produce harvested from the garden is primarily herbs which are used occasionally in the village
kitchen. The garden is tended as a hobby and not for sustenance purposes.
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Railroad Creek can be utilized by village residents and visitors for recreational purposes such as tubing and
sport fishing. However, according to Mr. Brent Wiersma Holden Village Business Manager and hquent
angler, most of the fishing in the Railroad Creek drainage is catch and release flyfihing and thus \.en few
fish are consumed. Very few people fish Railroad Creek and most fishing is reportedly done in the lakes
upstream of the Holden Mine. A vast majority of the fish brought to the Holden Village kitchen for
consumption reportedly originate from Hart Lake, approximately four miles upgradient from the mine. Hart
Lake is the largest lake in the area and is most accessible. Copper Creek is not expected to support
recreational activities due to its limited site and low water flow.
A sauna located next to Railroad Creek is used by village residents and visitors. Hydroelectric plant outflow
originates from Copper Creek upslope of the Site which is then tightlighted to the plant and then discharged'
to the Copper Creek diversion. A portion of Copper Creek diversion flow is channeled to a dipping pool for
the sauna facility.
The surfaces of the tailings piles are generally covered with 4 to 6 inches of gravel. The southeastern
portion and the northwestern portion of the tailings pile 1 is uncovered due to the relatively steep slope
angles. These areas have undergone revegetation wherever possible. The tailings piles are accessible to
recreational users. Villagers have bonfires on tailings pile 1 in the summer. Joggers and hikers utilize a
road which bqunds the tailings piles to the south. Particulate emission from the limited areas of exposed
tailings are generated under windy conditions. Some particulates generated from the erosion of the tailings
have accumulated at the base of slopes (i.e., Railroad Creek, etc.).
A baseball field is located immediately east of the Glacier Peak Wilderness boundary, approximately one
mile west of Holden Village. The field is covered with grass and is utilized intermittently in the summer
months only. The USFS and Ecology have indicated that they have heard anecdotally that the baseball field
was constructed utilizing tailings andfor mine waste rock material.
A lagoon area is located at the Site which collects seepage from the waste rock piles and mill building area
and is accessible to visitors.
A small USFS guard station is located near the road to the fonner Winston Homes site. USFS volunteers
are stationed here during the summer months. According to the USFS, the maximum length of service for
volunteers is approximately three seasons.
Holden Village drinking water is obtained from Copper Creek upstream of the influence of the mine.
Groundwater is not used in the area and it is highly unlikely that it would be used as a drinking water source
in the future because the groundwater flow is low compared with surface water flow in the area. In addition,
installation of a drinking water well in the vicinity of the mine or village would be difficult and impractical
due to the topography and geology of the area. The only drinking water supply well within the Railroad
Creek drainage is located within the alluvial materials at Lucerne, approximately 1 1 miles east of the Site at
the mouth of Railroad Creek. The well provides potable water for and is maintained by the USFS, which
utilizes the water primarily and intermittently during the summer months.
Future land use in the area is expected to be similar to current use. Because the site areais located within a
designated National Forest and Wilderness re< an increase in residents or other potential receptors is not
expected.
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Sources
The mining related waste contained within tailings piles 1, 2 and 3 is assumed to represent the source area
for potential human health exposure of metals of concern for the Site. The former mill building may also
act as a relatively minor metals source area In addition, a former storage area immediately north of the mill
was identified as a potential source of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and petroleum hydrocarbons.
Potential Mieration Pathwaw
The mining related wastes and former storage area may contribute compounds of concern to air. surface
water, seeps, mine portal drainage, sediment, groundwater, and soil (surface and subsurface) at the Site. The
potential for site constituents to migrate from source media to points of exposure depends on their
distribution, physical and chemical properties of the constituents of concern, and properties of the media.
Transfer to these environmental media may occur via one or more of the following general mechanisms:
Leaching: Migration of Constituents from Soil or Mining Wastes to Groundwater,
Surface Water, and ~edimeni The infiltration of precipitation into the soil and tailings
and subsequent leaching into groundwater may result in the transfer of Site constituents
to the groundwater. This leaching process depends on several physical and chemical
characteristics of the constituents and the soil and tailings, including water solubility,
octanoVwater partition coefficient, oxidation/reduction potential, mineralogy, organic
carbon content, cation exchange capacity, and soiVtailings surface area. PCBs tend to be
tightly bound to the soil. The potential for metals to leach depends on the state of the
metal and soihilings characteristics. Once Site constituents reach groundwater, they
can migrate laterally and venically in groundwater throu& gross fluid movement and
dispersion. The rate of migration is dependent on aquifer characteristics and chemical
and physical characteristics of the constituent. Hydrophobic and cationic constituents
(e.g., PCBs) will migrate slower than water soluble and nonionic constituents (e.g..
metals). Additionally, Site constituents in groundwater can be transferred to surface
water through seeps or directly to a surface water body, and, in the case of the Holden
Mine, through mine portal drainage. Groundwater at the Site may discharge through
these mechanisms into Railroad and Copper Creeks. Once in surface water bodies, some
Site constituents have the potential of accumulating in sediment andfor fish.
Runoff: Migration of Constituents from Soil or Mining Wastes to Surface Water
and Sediment. Precipitation can carry Site-related constituents or suspended soil or
tailings into surface water bodies such as Railroad Creek and Copper Creek through
' storm water runoff processes. Erosion of the tailings pile also contributes Site
constituents to surface water. Once in surface water bodies, some Site constituents have
the potential of accumulating in sediment and/or fish.
Suspension: Migration of Constituents from Soils or Mining Wastes to Air. The
transfer of constituents present in soils or tailings to the air may occur through agitation
of the surface soils resulting in the generation of fugitive particulate emissions.
Volatilization is considered an insignificant migration pathway since the constituents
associated with the Site are nonvolatile metals and ,PCBs. Particulate emissions are
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Exposure Routes
expected to be reduced under normal conditions by gravel and vegetative covering of the
tailings piles.
Suspension and Redeposition: Migration of Constituents from Soils or Mining
Wastes to Oflkite Surface Soil. If fugitive particulate emission enter the ambient air
through agitation and wind suspension, the particulates will be transferred downwind and
eventually settle out of the atmosphere onto ground-level surfaces. These surfaces could
include soil, plants, buildings, paved surfaces, and surface water.
Exposure routes are the various ways that receptors may come into contact with substances. The
determination of potential risk posed by constituents requires an assessment of all potential exposure routes
including ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Depending on site-specific conditions, not all exposure
routes will apply to every site. Exposure routes may also vary for different receptors based on the different
activity patterns for the receptors; thus viable exposure routes will vary by site and may vary by receptors at
a particular site. The following exposure routes were evaluated for the Holden Mine Site:
Inhalation of Suspended Particulates. Suspended particulates in ambient air may be
inhaled by those persons near the source or downwind of the source. This exposure route
is evaluated for the soil and tailings piles. In addition, air monitoring data is evaluated.
Ingestion of Soil, Tailings and Sediment. Ingestion of Site constituents could occur
through the incidental ingestion of tailings or surface soil impacted by site constituents
(either at a source or downwind of a source). Residents in Holden Village. users of the
vegetable garden, workers in the maintenance yard, and recreational users of the
wilderness area, lagoon, or tailings piles could incidentally ingest soil when it settles on
lips and is ingested, suspended particulates are inhaled and then swallowed when cleared
from the lung, or din-covered hands touch the mouth or lips; Incidental ingestion of
sediment during recreational activities in Railroad Creek, Copper Creek, or the Copper
Creek diversion could also occur, although is unlikely. These exposure routes are
evaluated in this assessment. Exposure to subsurface soil at the Site is not expected to
occur.
Ingestion of Homegrown Produce. Ingestion of Site constituents could occur through
ingestion of home-grown produce which has been impacted by deposition of site-related
particulates or been grown in soil containing site-related particulates. This route is
evaluated; however, exposure to site constituents in home-grown produce is expected to
be minimal since a very small portion of the villagers' total diet is attributable to home-
grown produce from the garden.
Ingestion of Surface Water. Ingestion of Site constituents could occur through
incidental ingestion of surface waters from Railroad Creek, Copper Creek, seeps. 1500-
level mine portal drainage, or from the 1500-level ventilator portal. In addition,
recreational users of the area may intentionally ingest surface waters. Incidental
ingestion of Copper Creek diversion water in the sauna dipping pool could also occur.
These routes are evaluated in this assessment.
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'
Ingestion of Fish. Some ingestion of Site-related constituents could occur if recreational
users (i.e., fishermen) eat the fish caught in Railroad Creek or Copper Creek. This.route
is evaluated; however, exposure to Site constituents in fish is expected to be minimal
based on the small number of fish caught in the mine influenced areas that are later
consumed. Fish may also be ingested fiom Railroad Creek at Lucerne or from Lake
Chelan.
\
Ingestion of Groundwater. Ingestion of ground water at the Site is not considered a
viable exposure route. However, because USFS personnel utilize a well downgradient of
the Site, this exposure route is evaluated for the Lucerne well in this assessment. Under
certain limited circumstances there could be incidental ingestion of groundwater at the
Site, such as during a construction scenario. However, exposure under these
circumstances would be considered insignificant considering the likelihood of such
scenarios occurring and the length of exposure should such an activity occur.
Dermal Absorption Through Soil, Tailings or Sediment. The dermal exposure route is
complete; however, exposure related to dermal absorption was eliminated since this
pathway was considered insignificant as compared with risk through ingestion. For
dermal exposure to solid media (i.e., sediments, soil, and tailings) to be equal to or
greater than the risk posed by ingestion, the absorption fraction, which is an indication of
the amount of compounds of concern absorbed through the skin, must be greater than 0.1
(USEPA, 1992a). The absorption fraction is estimated on a compound of concern-
specific basis and is dependent upon a compound of concern's permeability coefficient in
addition to its soiuwater partition coefficient. For inorganics, the absorption fraction can
be assumed to range from 0.001 to 0.01. (similar to experimental values for cadmium).
For PCBs, the absorption fraction can be assumed to range from 0.006 to 0.06 (similar to
experimental values for 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl). As a result, the dermal exposure
route' for solid media was considered insignificant and thuS eliminated from the
preliminary exposure pathways model.
Dermal Absorption Through Surface Water and Groundwater. The dermal exposure
route is complete for surface water (i.e., Railroad and Copper Creeks, the sauna, seeps.
mine portal drainage); however, exposure related to dermal absorption was eliminated.
For dermal exposure in water to be equal to or greater than the risk posed by ingestion of
those media, the permeability coefficient for the chemical from the compound of concern
through skin must be greater than 0.1 cmhr (USEPA, 1992a). For inorganics, the
permeability coefficient used to estimate dermal exposure is normally assumed to be
0.001 cmhr, which is two orders of magnitude less than the 0.1 cmhr level referred to
above. Organics have not been detected in aqueous media. As a result, the dermal
exposure route for surface water was eliminated fiom the preliminary exposure pathways
model.
Potential Human Receptor Populations
The potential human receptors for the Site were identified based on the land use characteristics. The
primary receptors were identified as Holden Village residents, recreational users of the mine area (i.e., an
infrequent visitor to the Site such as a hiker or tourist), and USFS personnel utilizing the Lucerne bell
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and the USFS guard station. Holden Village visitors are likely to be exposed to Site-related constituents.
but were not evaluated in this assessment since cleanup levels established for Holden Village residents
will be health-protective of occasional visitors.
Summary of Exposure Pathways Evaluated in screening Level Assessment
The exposure pathways evaluated in the screening level human health assessment are summarized below by
receptor population:
Resident Ingestion Surface soil (village)
Surface soil (maintenance yard)
Home-grown produce
Inhalation Suspended particulates (tailings or soil)
Recreational User Ingestion Surface soil (baseball field lagoon)
Tailings
Surface water
Sauna dipping pool (Copper Creek diversion)
Seeps
1500-level main and ventilator portal
drainages
Sediment
Fish
Inhalation Suspended particulates (from tailings)
USFS Personnel Ingestion Surface soil
Groundwater
Inhalation Suspended particulates
7.13.2 Data Evaluation Criteria
A conservative screening approach was applied to identify site-specific IHSs: maximum detected
concentrations were compared to the data evaluation criteria discussed below. Those constituents with
maximum concentrations below the data evaluation criteria were eliminated as IHSs. If all constituents
were present at levels below the data evaluation criteria for a specific media and location, exposure to this
mediajlocation was considered insignificant..
Essential Nutrients
If the constituent was considered an essential nutrient, it was eliminated as an IHS. This approach is
consistent with USEPA risk assessment guidance (USEPA, 1989) and MTCA (WAC 173-340-708[2][b][i]).
The following are considered essential nutrients for the purposes of this screening:
Calcium
Iron
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
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Frequency of Detection
If a constituent was detected in less than 5 percent of the samples of a medium within an exposure area it
was eliminated as an MS. This approach is consistent with USEPA risk assessment guidance (USEPA.
1989) and is recommended in MTCA guidance (WAC 173-340-708[2][b][vi]).
Background Concentrations
In order to determine which constituents are Site-related, analytical data were compared with the
statistically-derived background concentration, when available. For soil and tailings. site analytical data
were compared with Site-specific area background (Section 5) or natural background concentrations for the
Yakima Basin available in Natwal Background Soil Metals Concentrations in Wahineon State (Ecolo~.
1994). Surface water analytical data were also compared with statisticallyderived area background
concentrations as described in Section 5. If the maximum detected concentration was less than the
corresponding background concentration, the constituent was eliminated as an IHS. This approach is
consistent with USEPA risk assessment guidance (USEPA, 1989) and is recommended in MTCA guidance
(WAC 173-340-708[2]b][iv]).
Method A Levels
If the maximum concentration of a constituent was less than the relevant MTCA Method A level, it was
considered to contribute a small percentage of the overall risk and was eliminated as an IHS. Method A
levels are generic cleanup levels which were obtained from The Model Toxics Control Act-Cleanup (WAC
173-340), amended January 1996. The following MTCA Method A levels were used for each exposure
medium:
Surface Soil and Home-grown Produce. Method A levels for residential soil (WAC 173-
340-740[2])
Tailings. Method A levels for residential soil (WAC 173-340-740[2])
Sediment. Method A levels for residential soil (WAC 173-340-740[2])
Railroad Creek and Copper Creek Water and Fish. Method A levels for surface water
(national ambient water quality criteria for ingestion of water and fish pursuant to Section
304 of the Clean Water Act, as referred to in WAC 173-340-730[2][a][2])
Seeps. Method A levels for groundwater (or Maximum Contaminant Levels if Method A
levels not available) (WAC 173-340-720[2])
1500.Level Main and Ventilator Portal Drainages. Method A levels for groundwater (or
.Maximum Contaminant Levels if Method A levels not available) (WAC 173-340-720[2])
Sauna Water (Copper Creek Diversion). Method A levels for groundwater (or
Maximum Contaminant Levels if Method A levels not available) (WAC 173-340-720[2])
Groundwater. Method A levels for groundwater (or Maximum Contaminant Levels if
Method A levels not available) (WAC 173-340-720[2])
Fish Tissue. No Method A levels were available for fish tissue. Instead, U.S. EPA Region
111 Risk-Based Concentrations (Oct. 1998) for fish were used.
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No Method A levels are available for air, or home-grown produce. For home-grown produce it was
assumed that if the maximum concentration of the constituent was below the Method A level for soil. then
ingestion of produce grown in that soil would not present a significant risk. Table 7.1-2 lists the Method A
level used for each constituent along with its source. Because of the conservatism used in deriving Method
A levels, no adjustments to the cleanup levels to account for exposure to multiple constituents were
performed.
Method B Levels
If the maximum concentration of a constituent was less than the relevant MTCA Method B level. it was
considered to contribute a small percentage of the overall risk and was eliminated as an IHS. Method B
levels are developed using standard equations and were obtained from hide1 Toxics Conrrol.4cr Cleanup
Levels and Risk Calculations (CLARC I4 Update (Ecology, 1996). Similar media-specific cleanup levels as
discussed above (Section J-3.1.2.4) were used for each exposure medium. MTCA Method B levels for air
were also utilized. When a cleanup level was not available for a constituent detected at the Site, it was
calculated using equations and standard exposure parameters provided by MTCA if toxicity criteria were
available. In addition, all Method B levels for air were calculated because the 1996 CLARC I1 tables do not
include air cleanup levels. Table 7.1-3 lists the Method B criteria used for each constituent along with its
source. Table 7.1-4 details the toxicity criteria and bioconcentration factors used in calculating cleanup
criteria for non-published constituents. Toxicity criteria are discussed in more detail in the site-specific
HHRA.
Adiustment for Total Risk and Hazard Index
The total risk associated with a site must not exceed 1 x 10" and the hazard index for each target organ must
not exceed one (WAC 173-340-708[5]). Therefore, Method B criteria were reduced to account for the
number of constituents in each group potentially found at the site. Table 7.1-5 lists the carcinogen
classification and toxic effects endpoints, where available, for the constituents detected at the site.
Based on the carcinogen classifications, the following constituents are considered carcinogens by MTCA:
arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium VI, lead, nickel (refinery dust), and PCBs. For each constituent, the
acceptable risk level on which the Method B level is based (and thus the resulting screening level) was
divided by the number of carcinogens at the site (seven constituents) to assurk that the aggregate risk does
not exceed 1 x 10":The Method B levels listed in the screening tables reflect this adjustment.
For non-cancer effects, the analytes can be grouped together by toxic effects endpoints as follow:
Hemotoxicity: antimony, zinc (2 constituents)
Skin toxicity: arsenic, silver (2 constituents)
Nephrotoxicity: cadmium, mercury, molybdenum. uranium (4 constituents)
Neurotoxicity: lead, manganese, mercury, cyanide (4 constituents)
Weight effects: nickel, uranium, cyanide, Aroclor 101 6 (4 constituents)
For each constituent,'the acceptable hazard index on which the Method B level is based (e.g., acceptable
hazard index of one), and thus the resulting screening level, was divided by the number of chemicals in the
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-.

corresponding grouping. The Method B levels listed in the screening tables have been adjusted in this
manner.
Method B Criteria for Manganese
The CLARC fl Method B levels for manganese for soil and water are based on an oral reference dose (RfD)
developed by USEPA. The Rfl) was derived 6om data on total dietary intake of manganese. USEPA
(IRIS, 1998) and MTCA (Ecology, 1996) recommend that a modifying factor of three be applied to the IUD
if it is used for assessments involving nondietary exposures. Since exposure to manganese at the Site would
primarily be nondietary, the IUD, and thus the cleanup criteria listed in CLARC 11, have been adjusted
downward by a factor of three. This adjustment is reflected in the cleanup levels shown in Table 7.1-3.
Soil to Air Pathway
For the soil to air pathway (i.e., padculate emissions h m soil), soil cleanup criteria were calculated using
the methodology in Soil Screening Guidrmce: Technical Background Document (USEPA, 1996). The
MTCA Method B levels for air were considered to be the acceptable air concentration. A particulate
emission factor (PEF) was then calculated that relates the concentration of compound of concern in soil to
the concentration of dust particles in air. The PEF represents an annual average emission rate based on wind
erosion that can be compared with chronic health criteria. The equation for calculating the PEF is as
follows:
PEF (m3/kg) =Q/C x
where:
3600
0.036 x (1 - V) x (U , / u , )' x F(x)
PEF = Particulate emission factor (m3/kg)
QIC = Inverse of mean concentration at center of source (g/m2-s per
kg/m3) = 42.86
V = Fraction of vegetative cover = 0.5
Um = Mean annual windspeed (mls) = 4.69
Ut = Equivalent threshold value of windspeed at 7 m (rnls) =
1 1.32
F(x) = Function dependent on Um/Ut = 0.194
QIC was selected from the Soil Screening Guidance for the closest geographical area (Seattle) and the
largest source size (30 acre). Default values given in the Soil Screening Guidance were used for all other
variables. Based on this equation, the calculated PEF for the site was 6.21 x 10' m3/kg. The acceptable air
concentration (Method B level for air) was multiplied by the PEF.to derive the Method B levels for soil
based on protection of air. The Method B levels for soil based on protection of air are listed in Table 7.1-3.
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7.133 Screening Level Evaluation of Data
The screening level evaluation of data consisted of data segregation by exposure pathway, followed by a sis
step comparative evaluation which served as the primary basis of the screening. Criteria used for the
comparative evaluation are discussed above.
The screening tables summarize the results of the data evaluation. As noted above, the mavimum
concentrations presented in the source concentration columns of the tables represent the maximum obsenled
for the medium of interest from the available data. If no toxicity criteria (and thus no Method A or Method
B level) were available for a constituent, it was discussed qualitatively. Each exposure medium is discussed
individually below.
Surface Soil
The maximum concentrations observed for each location were used as the source concentrations for
comparison to the screening criteria based on soil ingestion. The background concentrations used for
screening were statistically derived or obtained from Natural Background Soil Metals Concentrations in
Washington State (Ecology, 1994) for the Yakima basin and Dames & Moore 1998 data. In addition. for
those constituents which did not have an available area background or Ecology natural background level.
background levels for the State of Washington (Dragun, 1991) are presented for comparison purposes. No
constituents were eliminated as MSs based on the Dragun ranges, however.
Holden Village
Soil samples were collected throughout Holden Village. The samples were collected randomly throughout
the village and at the closest proximity to the tailings piles. Given the spatial distribution of the soil
samples, the results should adequately represent surface soil in and around Holden village.' The results of
the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-6. The only constituent selected as an IHS
based on the screening was beryllium.
Holden Village Vegetable Garden
One soil sample was collected in the Holden Village vegetable garden. This sample result was used to
evaluate both soil ingestion and ingestion of home-grown produce. The site measurements were compared
against soil cleanup levels based on protection of residential receptors who may contact site-related
constituents through ingestion. Comparisons against these criteria were considered conservative for the
produce ingestion route since these cleanup levels were developed using exposure assumptions that are
more conservative than those that would reasonably be assumed for ingestion of home-grown produce. The
results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-7. All constituents were eliminated
as IHSs based on this screening.
Baseball Field
One soil sample was collected in the baseball field. The results of the screening for this exposure area are
presented in Table 7.1-8. All constituents were eliminated as IHSs based on this screening.
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'
Wilderness Boundary
Two soil samples were collected near the wilderness boundary. The results of the screening for this
exposuk area are presented in Table 7.1-9. All constituents were eliminated as IHSs based on this
screening
Maintenance Yard
Four surface soil samples were collected throughout the maintenance yard and in the storage area. The
results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-10. Based on this screening. the
following constituents were selected as MSs: arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, and total petroleum
hydrocarbons (gasoline range, diesel range, and motor oil range).
Lagoon Area
Two soil samples were collected in the lagoon area The results of the screening for this exposure area are
presented in Table 7.1-1 1. Based on this screening, the following constituents were selected as IHSs:
beryllium, cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc and total petroleum hydrocarbons (diesel range and motor oil
range).
USFS Guard Station
One historical sample was collected near the USFS guard station (sample designated as Winston Homesite).
The results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-12. Based on this screening,
the only constituents selected as an INS for this area were arsenic and beryllium.
Particulate Emissions from Surface Soil
Each soil exposure area screened for ingestion (Section J-3.1.3.1) was also screened for particulate
emissions potential. Results are detailed below.
Holden Village
The results of the particulate emissions screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1 - 13. The
only constituent selected as an IHS based on the screening was chromium. Copper, lead, molybdenum,
silver, zinc and cyanide did not have health-based MTCA Method A or Method B levels (due to an absence
of inhalation toxicity criteria) which could be used for screening. While these constituent concentrations
appear to be elevated, they are not expected to present an unacceptable risk to receptors via the inhalation
route at the concentrations present particularly, given the short expected exposure period and ground covers
present in this area.
Village Venetable Garden
The results of the particulate emissions screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-14. All
constituents were eliminated as IHSs based on this screening. Copper, lead, molybdenum, silver, and zinc
did not have health-based MTCA Method A or Method B levels (due to an absence of inhalatiin toxicity
criteria) which could be used for screening. While these constituent concentrations appear to be elevated,
'

they are not expected to present an unacceptable risk to receptors via the inhalation route at the
concentrations present particularly given the short expected exposure period for this area.
Baseball Field
The results of the particulate emissions screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1 - 15. All
constituents were eliminated as IHSs based on this screening. Copper. and silver did not have health-based
MTCA Method A or Method B levels (due to an absence of inhalation toxicity criteria) which could be used
for screening. While these constituent concentrations appear to be elevated, they are not expected to present
an unacceptable risk to receptors via the inhalation route at the concentrations present particularly given the
short expected exposure period for this area.
Wilderness Boundary
The results of the particulate emissions screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-16. All
constituents were eliminated as MSs based on this screening. Copper, lead, molybdenum, silver, uranium
and zinc did not have health-based MTCA Method A or Method B levels (due to an absence of inhalation
toxicity criteria) which could be used for screening. While these constituent concentrations appear to be
elevated, they are not expected to present an unacceptable risk to receptors via the inhalation route at the
concentrations present, particularly given the short expected exposure period and extensive vegetative cover
present in this area.
Maintenance Yard
The results of the particulate emissions screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1- 17. The
sample from the storage area was not used in this screening because the location is covered and will not
generate particulate emissions. All constituents were eliminated as IHSs based on this screening. Copper,
lead, molybdenum, silver, and zinc did not have health-based MTCA Method A or Method B levels (due to
an absence of inhalation toxicity criteria) which could be used for screening. While these constituent
concentrations appear to be elevated, they are not expected to present an unacceptable risk to receptors via
the inhalation route at the concentrations present, particularly given the short expected exposure period for
this area.
Lagoon Area
The results of the particulate emissions screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-18. The
only constituent selected as an IHS based on the screening was cadmium. Aluminum, copper, lead,
molybdenum, silver, thallium, uranium and zinc did not have health-based MTCA Method A or Method B
levels (due to an absence of inhalation toxicity criteria) which could be used for screening. While these
constituent concentrations appear to be elevated, they are not expected to present an unacceptable risk to
receptors via the inhalation route at the concentrations present, particularly given the ,short expected
exposure period for this area.
USFS Guard Station
The results of the particulate emissions screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-19.
Based on this screening, the only constituent selected as an IHS for this area was arsenic. Copper and lead
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did not have health-based MTCA Method A or Method B levels (due to an absence of inhalation toxicity
criteria) which could be used for screening. While these constituent concentrations appear to be elevated,
they are not expected to present an unacceptable risk to receptors via the inhalation route at the
concentrations present, particularly given the short expected exposure period for this area and likely ground
cover in the area.
Tailings
Historical and 1997 tailings samples from tailings piles 1, 2 and 3 were collected and analyzed. The
maximum concentrations observed, regardless of location, were used as the source concentrations for
comparison to the screening criteria based on soil ingestion. The background concentrations used for
screening were statistically derived or obtained from Natural Background Soil Metals Concentrarions in
Wushington State (Ecology, 1994) for the Yakima basin. In addition, for those constituents which did not
have an available area background or Ecology natural background level, background levels for the State of
Washington (Dragun, 1991) are presented for comparison purposes. No constituents are eliminated as lHSs
based on the Dragun ranges, however.
The tailings have been adequately characterized to complete the screening assessment. All results were
assumed to represent near surface conditions on the tailings piles. The results of the screening for this
exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-20. All constituents were eliminated as IHSs based on this
screening.
Particulate Emissions from Tailings
The tailings data were also screened for particulate emissions potential. The results of the particulate
emissions screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-21. All constituents were eliminated
as IHSs based on this screening. Aluminum, copper, lead, molybdenum, selenium, silver, thallium, zinc,
and cyanide did not have health-based MTCA Method A or Method B levels (due to an absence of
inhalation toxicity criteria) which could be used for screening. Silver concentrations appear to be within the
background range for the State of Washington. While other constituent concentrations appear to be
elevated, they are not expected to present an unacceptable risk to receptors via the inhalation route at the
concentrations present, particularly given the short expected exposure period for this area.
Air
Post-remediation air monitoring data collected in 1994 by the USFS were screened. All data collected was
used in the screening and the maximum detected concentrations were used as the source concentrations.
The data were collected from locations onsite, downwind, and upwind and are assumed to be representative
of conditions onsite and in and around Holden Village. Background air concentrations were not evaluated
in the screening due to a lack of information on site conditions at the time of sampling. It should be noted
that short-term air concentrations measured during this monitoring event are not necessarily comparable to
cleanup levels based on long-term exposures; however, the cleanup levels were utilized anyway as a very
conservative screening tool. The results of the screening for this exposure medium are presented in Table
7.1-22. Manganese was the only constituent selected as an IHS based on this screening.
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.

Sediment
Railroad Creek and Site
Historical and 1997 sediment data were segregated to represent sediments in Railroad Creek within the area
of influence from the mine, sediments in Railroad Creek downgradient of the Site, and sediments within
Copper Creek. There was insufficient data to calculate area background concentrations for sediment in
Railroad and Copper Creeks; however, background ranges are presented in the screening tables for
comparison purposes. It should be noted that analytical data from the various sampling events are not
always comparable. The detection limits and range of detection appear inconsistent for some events. even
though the samples were presumably analyzed by the same method. However, for the purposes of
screening, all sample data were combined. It should also be noted that screening criteria for soil ingestion
were applied to sediment data due to a lack of sediment cleanup levels. The exposure assumptions used in
the soil ingestion cleanup levels (i.e., ingestion of 100 mg/day) are expected to significantly overestimate the
potential risks based on ingestion of sediment.
Railroad Creek Adiacent to Site
The results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-23. Based on the screening,
aluminum, arsenic, beryllium, chromium, manganese, and molybdenum were selected as IHSs. However,
aluminum, beryllium, chromium and manganese were within the range of background concentrations
measured in Railroad Creek.
Railroad Creek Downmdient of Site
The results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-24. Based on the screening,
aluminum, beryllium, chromium and manganese were selected as IHSs. However, beryllium and
manganese were within the range of background concentrations measured in Railroad Creek.
Couwr Creek
The results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-25. Based on the screening,
beryllium, chromium and manganese were selected as IHSs. However, concentrations of all of these
constituents were within the range of background concentrations measured in Copper Creek.
Comer Creek Diversion
The results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-26. Based on the screening,
only chromium was selected as an IHS. However, the concentration of chromium was below the range of
background concentrations measured in Copper Creek.
Surface Water and Fish
As with sediment, historical and 1997 surface water data were segregated to represent conditions in Railroad
Creek within the area of influence from the mine, Railroad Creek downgradient of the site, and Copper
Creek. Area background concentrations of total metals in surface water were statistically derived in Section
5. For the purposes of the screening, analytical results for total metals were evaluated because total metals
content is more appropriate for evaluating health risks than filtered (dissolved) metals content.
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Railroad Creek Adiacent to Site
The results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-27. All constituents were
eliminated as IHSs based on this screening. ,
Railroad Creek Downmdient of Site
The results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-28. All constituents were
eliminated as IHSs based on this screening.
Co~~er Creek
The results of the screening for this exposure area are presented in Table 7.1-29. The only constituent
selected as an IHS based on this screening was molybdenum.
Elimination of most of the constituents in surface water for the fish ingestion pathway is supported by data
collected in 1989 and 1991 by PNL and in 1992 by Ecology, which indicated that concentrations of metals
in trout muscle were below levels of concern for human health (PNL, 1992). PNL and Ecology collected
fish muscle tissue from three locations in Railroad Creek, including at Lucerne, and from 25-Mile Creek.
PNL concluded there were no significant overall locational differences in metal concentrations for muscle
tissue, and that results indicated little risk to human health through consumption of trout. This fish tissue
data screening is described below.
Seeps
Historical and 1997 analytical data collected for seeps were screened against the appropriate screening
criteria. There was insufficient data to calculate area background concentrations for seeps; however. the
concentration detected in the one background sample is presented in the screening table for comparison
purposes. 'Ihe conservatism in the seep screening significantly overestimates potential risk to human health
posed by this medium because the screening criteria are for tap water consumption. Incidental ingestion of
water generating from the seeps is not presumed to occur at this rate. The results of the screening for this
medium are presented in Table 7.1-30. Based on the screening, aluminum, cadmium. lead, manganese,
selenium and zinc were selected as IHSs.
1500-Level Main Portal Drainage
Historical and 1997/1998 analytical data collected for the 1500-level main portal drainage were screened
against the appropriate screening criteria. The conservatism in the mine portal drainage screening
significantly overestimates potential risk to human health posed by this medium because the screening
criteria are for tap water consumption. Incidental ingestion of water generating from the drainage is not
presumed to occur at this rate. The results of the screening fo; this medium are presented in Table 7.1-3 1.
Based on the screening, aluminum, cadmium, copper, lead, manganese and zinc were selected as IHSs:
1500-Level Ventilator Portal Seepage
One 1998 sample was screened against the appropriate screening criteria. The conservatism in the ventilator
portal drainage screening significantly overestimates potential risk to human health posed by this medium
because the screening criteria are for tap water consumption. Incidental ingestion of water generating from
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the ventilator portal drainage is not presumed to occur at this rate. The results of the screening for this
medium are presented in Table 7.1-32. All constituents were eliminated as IHSs based on this screening.
Sauna Water (Copper Creek Diversion)
Historical and 1997 analytical data collected for the Copper Creek diversion were screened against the
appropriate screening criteria to evaluate risks associated with the sauna dipping pool. Area background
concentrations of total metals in surface water were statistically derived in Section 5. Total and dissolved
metals data were combined for this screening since very few total metals data were available. The
conservatism in the sauna screening significantly overestimates potential risk to human health posed by
this medium because the screening criteria are for tap water consumption. Incidental ingestion of water in
the sauna dipping pool is not presumed to occur at this rate. The results of the screening for this medium
are presented in 7.1-33. All constituents were eliminated as IHSs based on this screening.
Groundwater
Two samples were collected from the Lucerne USFS well in 1997. These sample results were screened
against drinking water criteria. There was insufficient data to calculate area background concentrations for
groundwater; however, the concentrations detected in background samples are presented in the screening
table for comparison purposes. The results of the screening for this medium are presented in Table 7.1-34.
All constituents were eliminated as IHSs based on this screening.
Fish Muscle Tissue
PNL and Ecology fish muscle tissue data were screened against U.S. EPA Region 111 Risk-Based .
Concentrations for fish. None of the muscle concentrations exceeded the screening concentrations. The
results of this screening are presented in Table 7.1-35. There were insufficient data to calculate background
concentrations for fish tissue; however, the concentrations detected in the upstream samples are presented in
the screening table for comparison purposes. Based on this screening, all constituents were eliminated as
1HSs. Fish ingestion was also evaluated using surface water data particularly because not all metals were
analyzed during the PNL and Ecology sampling efforts.
7.1.3.4 Refined Exposure Pathway Model
Results of the screening level human health assessment were used to refine the exposure pathway model
(Figure 7.1-2). For exposure routes with all source concentrations (i.e., the maximum observed for the
appropriate medium) below the screening criteria, the risk to a human receptor from that route was
considered negligible. These exposure routes, and if appropriate the corresponding exposure pathway, were
eliminated from the exposure model. As illustrated, exposure to IHSs in soil, air, sediments, surface water,
seeps, and mine portal drainage is assumed to represent potential exposure routes of concern for the Site and
were subject to additional evaluation.
7.13.5 Indicator Hazardous Substances
Based on the results of the screening level human health assessment, IHSs were selected for each media.
IHSs selected for each exposure route are detailed in Table 7.1-36. Site-specific cleanup levels and risk
estimates for these IHSs were calculated in the site-specific human health risk assessment.
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7.1.4 Site-specific Human Health Risk Assessment
The site-specific HHRA was conducted for those IHSs and exposure pathways (Table 7.1-36. Figure 7.1-2)
which significantly contributed to the risk at the site as determined in the screening level human health
assessment. The methodology for the site-specific HHRA followed the following steps:
Characterize the relevant exposure pathways
Develop exposure concentrations based on statistical evaluation of the data
Characterize the toxicity of the IHSs
Develop site-specific (MTCA Method C) levels
Characterize risks associated with the site
Discuss uncertainties in the risk characterization
Each step of the site-specific HHRA is discussed in detail in below.
7.1.4.1 Exposure Assessment for Refined Exposure Pathways
Exposure Pathways
Exposure pathways evaluated in the site-specific HHRA are shown conceptually in the exposure pathway
model (Figure 7.1-2) and detailed, along with IHSs, in Table 7.1-36. Exposure to IHSs in soil, air,
sediments, surface water, seeps, and mine portal drainage is assumed to represent potential, exposure routes
of concern for the site.
Development of Exposure Point Concentrations
The potential magnitude of exposure is determined by measuring or estimating the exposure point
concentrations of IHSs available in various media at "exchange boundariesn (e.g., the lungs, gastrointestinal
tract, or skin). For the purposes of the site-specific HHRA, the exposure concentration was estimated to be
the 95 percent upper confidence limit (UCL) concentration for the data set. When there was an insufficient
number of samples or a high percentage of uncensored data (data reported as below the detection limit). 95
percent UCL concentrations could not be calculated. For these data sets, the maximum detected
concentration was used for the exposure concentration. The method for calculating the 95 percent UCL was
dependent on the distribution of the data (i.e., normal, lognormal, or neither). The distribution of the data
and the 95 percent UCL concentrations were calculated using the Ecology MTCAStat V2.1 Excel Macro.
The statistical tables included in this section (tables 7.1A through 7.1K) show the distributions and 95
percent UCL concentrations, when calculated, for each media. Table 7.1-37 details the exposure
concentrations for each IHS used in the site-specific HHRA.
7.1.4.2 Toxicity Characterization
The toxicity assessment determines the relationship between the magnitude of exposure to an IHS and the
nature and magnitude of adverse health effects that may result from such exposure. Chemical toxicity is
divided into two categories, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic, based on the type of adverse health effect
exerted. Health risks are calculated differently for these two types of effects because their toxicity criteria
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are based on different mechanistic assumptions and expressed in different units. The two approaches are
discussed below. Available toxicity criteria for humans are summarized in Table 7.1-38, and brief
toxicological profiles for the IHSs are presented in Table 7.1-44.
Non-Carcinogenic Effects
Non-carcinogenic cleanup levels were calculated using reference doses (RfDs) developed by USEPA. An
RtD is an estimate of the daily lifetime exposure level to humans (expressed in units of mg of chemicalkg
of body weightjday), including sensitive subgroups, that is likely to be without appreciable risk of
deleterious effects (USEPA, 1989). RfDs are usually derived from oral exposure studies with the most
sensitive species, strain and sex of experimental animal known, the assumption being that humans are as
sensitive as the most sensitive organism tested. They are based on the assumption that thresholds (exposure
levels below which no adverse effect is expected) exist for non-carcinogenic effects, and incorporate
uncertainty factors to account for the required extrapolations from animal studies and to ensure protection of
sensitive human subpopulations. RfDs for constituents considered in the HHRA were obtained, whenever
possible, from CLARC II. Table 7.1-38 summarizes both oral and inhalation RfDs and the toxic effects
endpoint for IHSs.
Carcinogenic Effects
In contrast to non-carcinogenic effects, USEPA typically assumes that there is no threshold for carcinogenic
responses; that is, any dose of a carcinogen is considered to pose some finite risk of cancer. The evidence
for human carcinogenicity of a chemical is derived from two sources: chronic studies with laboratory
animals, and human epidemiological studies where an increased incidence of cancer is associated with
exposure to the chemical. As with the non-cancer toxicity studies, the most sensitive labratory species is
generally used in cancer protocols.
Since risks at the low levels of exposure usually encountered by humans are difficult to quantify directly by
either animal or epidemiological studies, mathematical models are used to extrapolate from high
experimental to low environmental doses. The slope of the extrapolated dose-response curve is used to
calculate the cancer slope factor or potency factor (CPF), which defines the incremental lifetime cancer risk
per unit of carcinogen (in units of risk per mg/kg/day). The linearized multi-stage model for low-dose
extrapolation most often used by USEPA (USEPA, 1986a) is one of the most conservative available. and
leads to a upper-bound estimate of risk (the upper 95 percent confidence limit on the modeled animal dose-
response slope). The probability that the true risk is higher than that estimated is thus only 5 percent.
Actual risk is likely to be lower, and could even be zero (USEPA, 1986a).
Each tested chemical is assigned a weight-of-evidence classification that expresses its potential for human
carcinogenicity. The USEPA's weight-of-evidence classification system is shown below:
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USEPA's Weight-of-Evidence Carcinogenicity Classification System
Group
A
BI
B2
C
D
E
Description
Humancarcinogen
Probable human carcinogen - limited human data arc available
Robable human carcinogen - sufficient evidence in animals and inadequate or no evidence in humans
Possible human carcinogen
Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity
Evidence of non-carcinogcnicity for humans
USEPA recommends that the weight-of-evidence classification be presented for each potential carcinogen to
indicate the strength of evidence that it may be a human carcinogen (USEPA, 1986a: USEPA, 1989). Table
7.1-38 summarizes the oral and inhalation CPFs and carcinogen classification for each IHS.
Constituents for Which No Toxicity Values are Available
Neither lead nor total petroleum hydrowbons have toxicity criteria which can be used to calculate site-
specific Method C criteria. Therefore, these constituents are discussed qualitatively in the risk
characteritation.
7.1.4.3 Development of Site-specific Method C Levels
For each exposure pathway, site-specific Method C levels were calculated. The equations for calculating
these cleanup levels are based on the equations presented in MTCA.
Selection of Exposure Parameters
Exposure assumptions utilized in calculation of the site-specific Method C criteria were based on a
reasonable maximum exposure (RME) scenario, and included assumptions regarding the types of exposure
that may occur and the frequency and duration of those exposures. To conduct the site-specific assessment,
assumptions were made such that exposure to these media more closely reflect actual conditions, but still
reflect an RME scenario. The exposure applied in the scfeening level assessment's Method A
and B criteria are conservative with respect to the living habits of potential receptors at the Site and Holden
Village. The Method A and B levels presented in the screening tables (Tables 7.1-6 to 7.1-35) generally
represent risk to a receptor resulting from continuous exposure over a 30-year period. In the site-specific
HHRA, the exposure duration was modified to reflect actual exposure conditions of the Holden Village
residents. The occupants of Holden Village are transient, with a maximum known residence time of 20
years, according to Ms. Janet Grant (Holden Village Director). Therefore, as a conservative measure, the
exposure duration was assumed to be 20 years for adult residential exposures. For those cleanup criteria
based on exposures in a child, the default exposure duration of six years was used. For the USFS personnel,
a maximum exposure duration of three years was assumed based on information provided by the USFS.
Frequency of exposure was also adjusted to reflect the likely seasonal nature of exposures, i.e., the presence
of snow-cover for approximately eight months of the year. The exposure parameters used to calculate
cleanup leve1s;and their sources, are provided in Table 7.1-39.
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Selection of.Target Risk and Hazard Index
As specified in MTCA, a target risk level of 1 x 10" and a target hazard quotient of one were selected for
development of the'Method C levels (WAC 173-340-700[j][c]). Cumulative risk is also evaluated in the
risk characterization section. MTCA specifies that the curnularive cancer risk must not exceed 1 x 10" and
the cumulative hazard index for each toxic effect endpoint must not exceed one.
Development of Method C Levels
Method C levels are summarized in Table 7.1-40. The following equations were utilized for calculating
site-specific Method C criteria:
Ingestion of Soil and Sediment
Screening criteria cleanup levels based on ingestion of soil in a residential setting are developed assuming a
child's exposure. Screening criteria for the maintenance area and USFS guard station were developed
assuming adult exposures. Equations for this pathway are as follows:
Carcinogens:
RISK x ABW 1 x LIFE x UCF
Screening Criteria (mgkg) =
CPFxSIRx ABlx DURlx FOCI
Noncarcinogens:
where:
Screening Criteria (mgkg) = RfDxABWlxUCFxHQ
SIR x ABI x FOCI
RISK = Acceptable cancer risk level (unitless)
ABW 1 = Average body weight over period of exposure (kg)
LIFE = Lifetime (years)
UCF = Unit conversion factor (1,000,000 mgtkg)
CPF = Cancer potency factor (kg-daylmg)
IUD = Reference dose (mgkg-day)
SIR = Soil ingestion rate (mglday)
ABl = Gastrointestinal absorption rate (unitless)
DURl = Duration of exposure (years)
FOC l = Frequency of contact (unitless)
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ingestion of Water
Screening criteria based on ingestion of water are developed assuming a child's exposure. Equations for this
pathway are as follows:
Carcinogens:
Noncarcinogens:
Ingestion of Fish
where:
Screening Criteria (ugA)=
RISK x ABWl x LIFE x UCF
CPF x DWIR x DURl x MH x FOCI
Screening Criteria (ug~l) = RfDxABWIxUCFxHQ
DWIRxMHxFOCl
RISK = Acceptable cancer risk level (unitless)
ABW 1 = Average body weight over period of exposure (kg)
LIFE = Lifetime (years)
UCF = Unit conversion factor (1,000 pg/mg)
RfD = Reference dose (mgkg-day)
DWIR = Water ingestion rate (Vday)
DURl = Duration of exposure (years)
FOCl = Frequency of contact (unitless)
MI4 = Inhalation correction factor (unitiess)
CPF = Cancer potency factor (kg-daylmg)
Screening criteria based on ingestion of fish in surface water are developed assuming an adult's exposure.
Equations for this pathway are as follows:
Carcinogens:
RISK x ABW-I x LIFE x UCF1 x UCF2
Screening Criteria (ug/l) =
CPF x BCF x FCR x FDF x DURl
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Noncarcinogens:
Inhalation of Air
where:
Screening Criteria (ug/l) = RfDxABWlxUCFlxUCF2xHQ
BCF x FCR x FDF
RISK = Acceptable cancer risk level (unitless)
ABWl = Average body weight over period of exposure (kg)
LIFE = Lifetime (years)
UCFl = Unit conversion factor (1,000 pg/rng)
UCF2 = Unit conversion factor (1,000 pg~l)
Rfl> = Reference dose (mglkg-day)
BCF = Fish bioconcentration factor (unitless)
FCR = Fish consumption rate @/day)
FDF = Fish diet hction (unitless)
DURl = Duration of exposure (years)
CPF = Cancer potency factor (kg-daylrng)
Screening criteria based on inhalation of air in a residential setting are developed assuming a child's
exposure. Equations for this pathway are as follows:
Carcinogens:
Noncarcinogens:
where:
Screening Criteria (ug/ rn') =
RISK x ABW2 x LIFE x UCF
CPF x BR x AB2 x DUR2
RfD x ABW2 x UCF x HQ
Screening Criteria (ug/ rn') =
BR x AB2
RISK = Acceptable cancer risk level (unitless)
ABW2 = Average body weight over period of exposure (kg)
LIFE = Lifetime (years)
UCF = Unit conversion factor (1,000 pg/mg)
CPF = Cancer potency factor (kg-daylrng)
RfD = Reference dose (rngkg-day)
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Inhalation of Pdculates
BR = Breathing rate (m3lday)
AB2 = Inhalation absorption percentage (unitless)
DUR2 = Duration of exposure (years)
Soil criteria were calculated using the methodology in Soil Screening Guidance: Technical Background
Document (USEPA, 1996) assuming adult exposures. Equations for this pathway are as follows:
Carcinogens:
Noncarcinogens:
Screening Criteria (uglm') =
where:
-
RISK x ABW2 x LIFEx UCF
CPFXBRXAB~XDURZXFOC~X~
PEF
RfD x ABW2 x UCF x HQ
Screening Criteria (ug/ m') =
1
BRxAB2xFOC2x-
PEF
RISK = Acceptable cancer risk level (unitless)
ABW2 = Average body weight over period of exposure (kg)
LIFE = Lifetime (years)
UCF = Unit conversion factor (1,000 &mg)
CPF = Cancer potency factor (kg-daytmg)
BR = Breathing rate (m3lday)
AB2 = Inhalation absorption percentage (unitless)
DUR2 = Duration of exposure (years)
FOC2 = Frequency of contact (unitless)
PEF = Particulate emission factor (m3lkg)
IUD = Reference dose (mgkg-day)
PEF relates the concenbation of compounds of concern in soil to the concentration of dust particles in air.
The PEF represents an annual average emission rate based on wind erosion that can be compared with
chronic health criteria. The equation for calculating the PEF is as follows:
PEF (m ' /kg) = Q/C x
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3600
0.036 x (I - V) x(u,/u,)'x ~(x)
1

where:
PEF = Particulate emission factor (m3Ikg)
QIC
= Inverse of mean concentration at center of source (@m2-s per kdm3)
V = Fraction of vegetative cover
Um = Mean annual windspeed (mls)
Ut = Equivalent threshold value of windspeed at 7 m (mls)
F(x) = Function dependent on Um/Ut (unitless)
Q/C was selected from the Soil Screening Guidance (USEPA, 1996) for the closest geographical area
(Seattle).
7.1.4.4 Risk Characterization
Risk characterization involves estimating the magnitude of the potential adverse health effects of the
hazardous chemicals under study and making summary judgements about the nature of the health threat to
the defined receptor populations. It combines the results of the toxicity assessment and exposure
assessment.
Exposure Concentrations vs. Method C Levels
Table 7.1-41 compares exposure concentrations for each exposure pathway to the corresponding Method C
levels. Exposure concentrations for all lHSs for each exposure pathway are below their corresponding
Method C levels.
Human Health Risk Estimates
The site-specific risks and hazard quotients for each IHS ,and each exposure pathway are detailed in Table
7.1-42. Cancer risk was evaluated by comparing the exposure point concentration to the Method C criteria
based on carcinogenic effects, as follows:
Exposure Concentration
Cancer Risk = Method C Criteria (cancer) x(lx10")
Noncancer hazard quotients were evaluated by comparing the exposure point concentration to the Method C
criteria based on noncarcinogenic effects, as follows:
Exposure Concentration
Hazard Quotient = 7-14
Method C Criteria (noncancer)
The results shown in Table 7.1 -42 indicate that.carcinogenic risk and noncarcinogenic hazard to receptors is
acceptable (i.e., the cancer risk is less than 1 x 10'' and the hazard quotient is below one). Risks and hazard
quotients for each exposure media are summarized below:
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Surface Soil
Cancer risks and noncancer hazard quotients ingestion of all IHSs in all exposure areas were below the
allowable MTCA cancer risk and hazard quotient. The cancer risks ranged from 8.91 s 10''~ for ber?.lliurn
at the USFS guard station to 5.66 x lod for arsenic in the maintenance area. The hazard quotients ranged
from 4.1 5 x lod for beryllium at the USFS guard station soil to 2.04 x 10" for copper in the lagoon area soil.
Lead was detected in maintenance yard and lagoon area soil at concentrations exceeding the screening
criteria (1070 mgkg in the maintenance yard and 620 mgkg in the lagoon area). However. because no
toxicity criteria exist for this constituent, site-specific risks could not be evaluated. USEPA guidelines
recommend a cleanup level of 400 mg/kg for lead in soil at residential sites based on prediction of blood
lead levels in children. Neither of these sites is residential and exposure time is expected to be significantly
less than an assumed residential exposure duration of 7 day per week exposures for 30 years. The highest
exposure concentrations are less than three times higher than the USEPA recommended levels. Therefore,
concentrations of lead in soil in these two areas are not expected to cause effects in exposed populations. In
addition, remedial actions in these two areas will likely significantly reduce the concentrations present.
Total petroleum hydrocarbons were present in soil at the maintenance yard and lagoon area at levels
exceeding h4TCA Method A level. Exposure concentrations ranged from 140 mglkg gasoline range
hydrocarbons in the maintenance yard to 12,000 mg/kg diesel range hydrocarbons in the maintenance yard.
Because no toxicity criteria exist for these complex mixtures, site-specific risks were not evaluated.
However, as with lead, exposure times and durations at the maintenance yard and lagoon area are expected
to be significantly lower than would be assumed for development of the Method A level, and therefore TPH
is soil at these locations are not expected to be of concern for the limited time period that maintenance
workers and recreational users are exposed populations. In addition, remedial actions in these areas should
significantly reduce soil TPH concentrations.
Sediment
Cancer risks and noncancer hazard quotients for all IHSs in all exposure areas were below the allowable
MTCA cancer risk and hazard quotients. Cancer risks ranged from 1.08 x 10'~ for beryllium in all three
areas to 4.72 x 10" for arsenic in Railroad Creek sediments adjacent to the site. The hazard quotients ranged
from 6.25 x l O" for beryllium in all three areas to 1.68 x 10" for molybdenum in Railroad Creek sediments
adjacent to the site.
- Air'
The site-specific hazard quotients calculated for manganese in air was 4.0 x lo-', which is below the
allowable MTCA hazard quotient. There were no cancer risks calculated for this media since manganese
was not a carcinogen.
Particulate Emissions fiom Soil
In order to evaluate current conditions and the potential for soiVtailings in each exposure area to be
transported to air via fugitive dust emissions, a simple USEPA model was utilized to develop a particulate
emission factor (PEF) for each exposure area. Cancer risks based on transfers from soil to air for all IHSs in
all exposure areas were below the allowable MTCA cancer risk. Cancer risks ranged from 3.96 x lo4 for
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arsenic in the USFS guard station soil (transferred to air) to 5.69 x lo4 for chromium in Holden Village soil
(transferred to air). There were no hazard quotients calculated for this pathway.
Surface Water and Fish
Hazard quotients for molybdenum in Copper Creek were 6.44 x 10.' for ingestion of water and 3.1 8 r 1 0.'
for ingestion of fish, both of which are below the allowable MTCA hazard quotient. There were no cancer
risks calculated for this media since the IHS was not a carcinogen.
See~s and Mine Portal Drainage
Seep and portal drainage data were evaluated separately. Noncancer hazard quotients for all IHSs in both
media were below the allowable MTCA hazard quotient. There were no cancer risks calculated for these
media since IHSs were not carcinogens. The hazard quotients ranged from 1.15 x 10.* for manganese in the
1500-level main portal drainage to 5.3 1 x 10" for cadmium in the 1500-level main portal drainage.
Lead was present in both seeps and the 1500-level main portal drainage at concentrations exceeding the
MTCA Method A level; however, because no toxicity criteria exist for this constituent, site-specific risks
could not be evaluated. While exposure concentrations exceed MTCA Method A level, the exposure
frequencies and water ingestion rates expected at the site are significantly less than those upon which the
cleanup criteria is based. Therefore, concentrations of lead in seeps and portal drainage are not expected to
cause effects in potentially exposed populations.
Cumulative Risk
MTCA requires the evaluation of cumulative risk when Method C levels are used. ,Evaluation of cumulative
cancer risk was accomplished by summing all cancer risks for each receptor population. Cumulative risk for
noncancer effects was evaluated by summing hazard quotients for each IHS associated with the same toxic
effect endpoint
Cumulative cancer risks for forest service workers (I. I6 x 10.~) are less than the acceptable level of I x 10"
(Table 7.1-43). Cumulative cancer risks for village residents/recreational users are 1.10 x 10". Ingestion of
soil from the "storage" location in the maintenance yard is the primary contributor to the cumulative risk
within the rounding error of 1 x 10". When. adjusted to the appropriate number of significant digits, the
cumulative risk is the same as the acceptable level of 1 x 10". In addition, this cum~ilative risk assumes that
the children exposed recreationally during the summertime grow up to become residents of Holden Village
who work in the maintenance yard. This assumption is obviously extremely conservative.
All noncancer hazard quotients are less than the acceptable level of one, with one exception. Using a
combination of extremely conservative exposure assumptions that are unlikely to occur resulted in the
cumulative hazard quotient for nephrotoxic effects (non-cancer kidney . effects) for village
residents/recreational users of 1.26. This is due primarily to cadmium in portal drainage. This cumulative
conservative risk evaluation assumes that the receptor ,is daily drinking one-half liter of 1500-level main
portal drainage water, one-half liter of seep water, and one-half liter of Copper Creek water, as well as
ingesting soil from the lagoon area and maintenance area, ingesting soil, and eating fish caught from onsite
areas on exposed days. This combination of exposures is extremely conservative and highly unlikely to
occur. The water ingestion rates used in the calculation of Method B criteria assumed that one-half of a
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& MOORE
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child's daily ingestion rate (1 liter) came h m the mine-impacted area Summing risks for surface water
risks results in an added conservative assumption that a child is ingesting 1.5 liters of mine-impacted surface
water. Obviously, this assumption is unrealistic and overly conservative. Cumulative risks for mineimpacted
surface water ingestion are therefore adjusted downwards by a factor of three to result in an
ingestion rate of 0.5 liters, which is still unrealistic.
Table 7.1-43 shows the cumulative risks, summed across all MSs and exposure routes, for Holden Village
residents and for USFS workers. Table 7.1-43 also shows the adjusted cumulative hazard indices for each
toxic effect endpoint for Holden Village residentsirecreational users and for USFS workers. Cancer risks
and cumulative hazard indices are less than the acceptable level of one.
7.1.4.5 Uncertainty Analysis
Like all modeling efforts, the results of a health risk assessment rely on a set of assumptions and estimates
with varying degrees of certainty and variability. Major sources of uncertainty in risk assessment include:
(1) natural variability (e.g., differences in body weight in a population), (2) lack of knowledge about basic
physical, chemical, and biological properties and processes (e.g., the aflinity of a chemical for soil and its
solubility in water), (3) assumptions in the models used to estimate key inputs (e.g., dose-response
models), and (4) measurement error. Perhaps the greatest single source of uncertainty in risk-based
assessment is the chemicals' dose-response relationships, phcularly carcinogenic potency factors.
Additional uncertainty may also be associated with analytical data, which are subject to both systematic
error (bias) and random error (imprecision). Other major sources of uncertainty include computation of
representative concentrations using conservative fate and transport assumptions, and estimation of dose rate
via default exposure assumptions. These and other sources of uncertainty and their anticipated effect in
estimated risks associated with the site are summarized below.
It has been assumed for the purposes of this risk assessment that constituents detected in
various media are related to operations at the Holden Mine unless adequate data was
available to show that concentrations were below naturally occurring background -
concentrations. However, this assumption was not valid for all media. Site-specific
background data for sediments, air, seeps, and groundwater were insufficient for
determining area background concentrations. Other mining-related activities occurring in
the vicinity of the Holden Mine may have impacted these media. Including non-site-
related constituents as IHSs overestimates the risks associated with Holden Mine.
Estimation of the exposure point concentrations was conservatively based on 95 percent
UCL concentrations or maximum detected values in the media of interest. Use of these
exposure concentrations is likely to overestimate the chronic intake of a chemical, and
may not be realistic for long-term exposures.
Exposure assumptions utilized in the calculation of site-specific Method C criteria were
b&ed on a reasonable maximum exposure scenario, and included assumptions regarding
the types of exposure that may occur, the frequency and duration of those exposures, and
the concentration of chemicals at the point of exposure. Even the use of estimated site-
specific activity patterns are meant to be conservative worst-case exposure assumptions
and as such, are intended to provide a conservative estimate of intake, more likely to
overestimate than to underestimate exposure and risk.
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Use of toxicity criteria (CPFs and RfDs) intentionally designed to be conservative is
likely to overestimate the IHSs' toxic potency. For example, the extrapolation of animal
carcinogen bioassay results to human risk at much lower levels of exposure involves a
number of assumptions regarding effect threshold. interspecies extrapolation. high- to
low-dose extrapolation, and route-to-route extrapolation. The scientific validity of these
assumptions is uncertain; because each of the individual extrapolations are designed to
prevent underestimation of risk, in concert they result in unquantifiable but potentially
very significant overestimation of risk. Specifically, the extrapolation of cancer potency
fiom laboratory animals to humans, which forms the basis for the cancer risk estimates,
may be associated with uncertainties ranging from as much as three to five orders of
magnitude (1,000 to 100,000-fold) for selected chemicals.
The risk analysis does not include a likelihood evaluation. For example, it is unlikely '
that the same recreational users will chronically utilize the lagoon area, Railroad Creek.
Copper Creek, seeps, and portal drainage for recreational purposes. Thus. the actual risk
for recreational users is likely to be significantly lower than estimated in this HHRA.
In summary, because the majority of assumptions regarding representative concentrations and contact rates
made in this assessment are conservative, tending to overestimate exposure and risk, the incremental risks to
the defined receptor populations fiom exposure to IHSs at the site are likely to be significantly
overestimated.
7.1.5 Conclusions of Baseline Human Health Risk Assessment
Human health risks were evaluated through a conservative screening process and a site-specific risk
assessment for those constituents exceeding the screening criteria. Site-specific risk assessment results were
evaluated in light of acceptable risk levels defined by MTCA (i.e., a cumulative excess cancer risk of less
than 1 x 10'' and a cumulative hazard index of less than 1.0 for constituents with effects on the same target
organ). Results for each media are summarized below.
7.1.5.1 Surface Soil and Tailings
Surface soil sample results were divided into seven areas based on exposure characteristics, population
exposed, and/or physical location, as follows: 1) Holden Village, 2) vegetable garden, 3) baseball field, 4)
wilderness boundary, 5) maintenance yard, 6) lagoon area, and 7) USFS guard station. Screening of
constituent concentrations resulted in the elimination of the vegetable garden, baseball field, and wilderness
area as areas of concern for ingestion of surface soil. In addition, the screening resulted in the elimination of
the tailings piles as an area of concern for ingestion. Constituents exceeding screening criteria in the
remaining four surface soil areas were selected as indicator hazardous substances (IHSs) and evaluated in
the site-specific risk assessment.
Cancer risks and noncancer hazard quotients for ingestion of all IHSs in all exposure areas were below the
MTCA cancer risk and hazard quotient guidelines. The cancer risks ranged from 8.91 x 10.'~ for beryllium
at the USFS guard station to 5.66 x 10" for arsenic in the maintenance yard. The hazard quotients ranged
from 4.1 5 x 10" for beryllium at the USFS guard station soil to 2.04 x 10.' for copper in the lagoon area soil.
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Lead was present in the maintenance yard and lagoon area soil at concentrations exceeding MTCA Method
A level; however, because no toxicity criteria exist for this constituent, site-specific risks could not be
evaluated. While exposure concentrations exceed MTCA Method A and USEPA guidelines for residential
sites, the exposure times expected at the site are significantly less than the assumed residential exposure
time upon which the guidelines are based. Therefore, concentrations of lead in soil in these two areas are
not expected to cause effects in exposed populations.
Total petroleum hydrocarbons were present in soil at the maintenance yard and lagoon area at levels
exceeding MTCA Method A level. Because no toxicity criteria exist for these complex mixtures. site-
specific risks were not evaluated. However, as with lead, exposure times and durations in these areas are
expected to be significantly lower than would be assumed for development of the Method A level. and
therefore TPH is soil at these locations is not expected to be of concern for the limited time period that
maintenance workers and recreational users are exposed populations. In addition, remedial actions in these
areas should significantly reduce soil TPH concentrations.
7.1.5.2 Sediment
Sediment sample results were divided into four.areas based on physical location, as follows: 1) Railroad
Creek adjacent to the Site, 2) Railroad Creek downgradient of the Site, 3) Copper Creek, and 4) Copper
Creek diversion. Constituents exceeding screening criteria in the four areas were selected as IHSs and
evaluated in the site-specific risk assessment.
Cancer risks and noncancer hazard quotients for all IHSs in all exposure areas were below the allowable
MTCA cancer risk and hazard quotient. Cancer risks ranged from 1.08 x lv7 for beryllium in all three areas
to 4.72 x lo4 for arsenic in Railroad Creek sediments adjacent to the site. The hazard quotients ranged from
6.25 x 10" for beryllium in all four areas to 1.68 x 10" for molybdenum in Railroad Creek sediments
adjacent to the site.
7.1.53 Air
Based on historical air monitoring data, the only constituent selected as an IHS for air during the screening
process was manganese. The site-specific hazard quotient calculated for manganese in air was 4.0 x lV1,
which is below the allowable MTCA hazard quotient. There were no cancer risks calculated for this media
since the IHS was not a carcinogen.
In order to evaluate current conditions and the potential for soiVtailings in each exposure area to be
transported to air via fugitive dust emissions, a simple USEPA model was utilized to develop a particulate
emission factor (PEF) for each exposure area. Each exposure area was then screened using conservative
cleanup criteria calculated from the PEF. Screening of constituent concentrations resulted in the elimination
of the vegetable garden, baseball field. wilderness area, maintenance yard, and tailings as areas of concern.
Constituents exceeding screening criteria in the remaining three surface soil areas were selected as IHSs and
evaluated in the site-specific risk assessment for transfers to air.
Cancer risks based on transfers from soil to air for all IHSs in all exposure areas were below the allowable
MTCA cancer risk and hazard quotient. Cancer risks ranged from 3.96 x lug for arsenic in the USFS guard
station soil (transferred to air) to 5.69 x 1 o4 for chromium in Holden village soil (transferred to air). There
were no hazard quotients calculated for this exposure pathway.
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7-36 DAMES & MOORE

7.1.5.4 Surface Water and Fish
Surface water sample results were divided into three areas based on physical location, as follows:
1) Railroad Creek adjacent to the Site, 2) Railroad Creek downgradient of the Site, and 3) Copper Creek.
Screening of constituent concentrations resulted in the elimination of Railroad Creek as an area of concern.
Only one constituent (molybdenum) exceeded screening criteria in Copper Creek and was selected as an
IHS for surface water and fish. Risks for Copper Creek surface water were evaluated for both incidental
ingestion of surface water during recreational activities, and ingestion of fish by sport fishermen. Hazard
quotients for molybdenum were 6.44 x 1w2 for ingestion of water and 3.18 x 10" for ingestion of fish. both
of which are below the allowable MTCA hazard quotient. There were no cancer risks calculated for this
media since the IHS was not a carcinogen.
The findings of no significant risk for ingestion of fish is supported by the data collected in 1989/1991
and 1992 by PNL and Ecology. PNL and Ecology collected fish muscle tissue from three locations in
Railroad Creek, including at Lucerne, and from 25-Mile Creek (a reference site south of Lucerne). PNL
concluded there were no significant overall locational differences in metal concentrations for muscle
tissue, and that results indicated little risk to human health through consumption of trout. Screening of
this muscle tissue data against U.S. EPA risk-based concentrations confined that residual metals in
edible tissues are well below levels of concern, both at the site and downgradient of the site. (287)
7.1.5.5 Seeps, 1500-Level Main Portal Drainage, and 1500-Level Ventilator Portal Seepage
Seep, 1500-level main portal drainage and 1500-level ventilator portal seepage data were evaluated
separately. No constituents were selected as IHSs for ventilator portal drainage. Constituents exceeding
screening criteria in seeps and mine portal drainage were selected as IHSs and evaluated in the site-specific
risk assessment. Noncancer hazard quotients for all IHSs in both media were below the allowable MTCA
hazard quotient. There were no cancer risks calculated for these media since IHSs were not carcinogens.
The hazard quotients ranged from 1.15 x 1 c2 for manganese in the 1500-level main drainage to 5.2 1 x 10"
for cadmium in the 1500-level main portal drainage.
Lead w& present in both seeps and the 1500-level main portal drainage at concentrations exceeding the
MTCA Method A level; however, because no toxicity criteria exist. for this constituent, site-specific risks
could not be evaluated. While exposure concentrations exceed MTCA Method A level, the exposure
frequencies and water ingestion rates expected at the site are significantly less than those upon which the
cleanup criteria is based. Therefore, concentrations of lead in seeps and 1500-level main portal drainage are
not expected to cause effects in potentially exposed populations.
7.1.5.6 Sauna Dipping Pool (Copper Creek Diversion)
Risks associated with the sauna dipping pool were evaluated by screening water from the Copper Creek
diversion against drinking water criteria. No constituents detected in the Copper Creek diversion exceeded
screening criteria and therefore this route of exposure was eliminated from further evaluation.
7.1.5.7 Groundwater
. Groundwater at the site is not considered useable for drinking water purposes and therefore was not
screened for exceedances of drinking water criteria. Groundwater collected at the Lucerne USFS well was
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evaluated by screening constituent concentrations against drinking water criteria. No constituents detected
in the Lucerne well exceeded screening criteria and therefore this route of exposure was eliminated from
further evaluation.
7.1.5.8 Fib Muscle Tissue
PNL and Ecology fish muscle tissue daui were screened against U.S. €PA Region 111 Risk-Based
Concentrations for ingestion of fish. None of the muscle concentrations exceeded the screening criteria and
therefore no risk to human health exists due to ingestion of the detected metals in edible fish tissue.
7.1.5.9 Summary of Conclusions
Figure 7.1-3 illustrates the combined results of the screening level human health assessment and the site-
specific human health risk assessment. Figure 7.1-3 shows that the environmental conditions at the Site and
Holden Village do not pose an unacceptable risk to potentially exposed populations, i.e., residents and
recreational users of the Site, and USFS personnel. Table 7.1-42 summarizes the risks associated with ,each
exposure area and IHS at the site. An evaluation of the cumulative risks for each potentially exposed
population also demonstrates that cumulative cancer and noncancer risks are acceptable (see Section
Cumulative Risk 4.3).
All conclusions are based upon very conservative screening criteria and site-specific assumptions which, for
all practical purposes, overestimate the risk posed by the Site.
7.2 ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
7.2.1 Methodology
The intent of this risk assessment is to:
a Address protection of the environment under the State of Washington Model Toxics
Control Act, Chapter 173-340 Washington Administrative Code (WAC), CERCLA, and
the National Contingency Plan (NCP) through assessment of ecological risk
a Provide a risk assessment and risk management framework that will support decision
making andlor identification of further data gaps (if any) for the RVFS and remedy
selection
a Support an injury determination to focus further studies that may evaluate any loss of
resources or services under NRDA rules
The objectives were developed using the most recent concepts and available guidance on ecological risk
assessment (USEPA 1994; 1998). In keeping with current guidance and the NCP, the specific objectives of
the study were to:
• Characterize the nature and extent of previous human activity-related conditions at the
Site
Provide a limited characterization of the ecological populations, communities, and
ecosystem at the Site
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FINAL RI REPORT

identify dismbutions of compounds of potential concern (PCOCs) and quantifi.. to the
extent practicable, impacts of those PCOCs to the ecology of the Site
Support development and evaluation of risk management alternatives and provide a risk-
based framework for identifying further data needs (if any)
The baseline ecological risk assessment (ERA) was performed in accordance with the Washington State
MTCA (1997) and USEPA (1994; 1998) guidance and followed section headings of Problem
Formulation, Analysis, Risk Characterization, and Uncertainty Analysis.
Baseline Problem Formulation. Based upon the Tiers I and I1 ERA. the PCOC list was
delineated for both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Receptors of concern (ROCs) were
selected according to the guild concept where one animal with particular feeding habitat
can represent all similar animals with the same feeding habits. The conceptual site model
(CSM) included representative invertebrates, fish, birds, and mammals in the aquatic
habitat, and plants, birds, p d mammals in the terresmal habitat.
Analysis. Potential compounds of concern (PCOCs) were selected by comparison
against screening benchmarks and/or toxicity data compiled for site-specific conditions
and are consistent with the list of PCOCs identified in Section 5.0. Potentially complete
exposure pathways included surface water and food in the aquatic habitat, and surface
water, soil, and food in the terrestrial habitat. Concentrations of COCs in invertebrates.
plants, and small mammals were modeled and used in the dose component of the hazard
quotient (HQ). Toxicity reference v'alues (TRVs) were calculated using data provided by
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1984, 1996% 1996b, 1997% 1997b. 1997c. 1997d,
1998a, 1998b) and USEPA (1993) as well as other published literature. Assessment
endpoints reflect the protection of plant and animal populations, and measurement
endpoints reflect the measured and/or modeled COC concentrations in the appropriate
media. Measurement endpoints were related to assessment endpoints by using the
concentration that causes no chronic effect on growth, reproduction, or development as
the toxicity benchmark.
Risk Characterization. Risk was estimated as an HQ greater than 1 .O, where:
HQ = Dose or exposurerrRV or criteria.
Worst case exposures were used as the primary measure of risk. If no risk was found
under these conditions, there was no need to conduct a more reasonable risk assessment.
If risk to a mobile ROC was found under worst case conditions, exposures were further
evaluated based upon median exposure conditions.
Uncertainty Analysis. Sources of variance and inadequate knowledge were identified
and discussed in reference to the findings of the risk characterization and ecological
studies.
, ,
7.2.2 Baseline Problem Formulation
The goals of the Baseline ERA are to refine and focis the description of conditions, stressors, and ecological
resources potentially at risk, and to quantitatively characterize stressor magnitude and the hazard these
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stressors present to the values resources of the site. To accomplish these goals, PCOCs were evaluated.
habitats were investigated, ROCs were selected, assessment and measurement endpoints were selected. and
the CSM was refmed. A review of historical data, identification of potentially complete exposure pathways.
and identification of preliminary compounds of potential conern (PCOCs) is presented in Section 5.0.
7.2.2.1 Potential Compounds of Concern
Since'the mine closure, a large number of studies and activities have been completed at the Site. Summaries
of documented studies and activities completed at the Site that were relevant to this ERA and considered to
be representative of current site conditions are provided below. The data presented include only those
compounds that were detected consistently over time and that represent compounds typically associated
with copper and zinc mining in sulfide deposits prevalent at the Holden Mine Site.
The summary of historical and data collected during the FU as presented in Section 5.0 and other studies
associated with the Holden Mine Site (Section 2.0) reveals a wide array of analyses have been conducted
over time to evaluate individual study-specific objectives. The following is a summary. by media. of the
highest, lowest, mean, and median concentrations of all measured PCOCs (Table 7.2-2-la through 7.2-2-lh).
Table 7.2.2- 1 A - Surface Water
Tables 7.22-1B1,72.2-1B2,7.2.2-1B3 - Surface Water
Table 7.2.2- 1 C - Sediments
Table 7.2.2-1D - Flocculent
Table 7.2.2-1E - Soils
Table 7.2.2-1F - Tailings
Table 7.2.2- 1 G - Portal Drainage
Table 7.2.2- 1 H - Seeps
The data presented in these tables serve as the basis for the ERA risk characterization.
7.2.2.2 Habitats and Potential Receptors of Concern
There are two basic habitats present at Holden Mine. the aquatic and the terrestrial. In this ERA, the aquatic
habitat is limited to the surface waters and sediments that lie beneath surface waters. The terrestrial habitat
includes sediments that are exposed to air, riverine and riparian habitats, and terrestrial habitats such as
tailings piles and soils. Within each of these habitats, different plant and animal species exist. The
following is an exposition of the major observed habitats and receptors associated with each habitat, as well
as a listing of rare or endangered species that may exist at the site.
Aquatic Areas
A number of studies have characterized the aquatic insect and fish communities in Railroad Creek (Dames
& Moore 1996). 'Ihese studies found a variety of benthic macroinvertebrate species in Railroad Creek,
including Ephemeroptera (mayflies), Plecoptera (stoneflies), Trichoptera (caddis flies), and Diptera (flies).
Investigators observed rainbow trout, cutthroat trout, kokanee, and sculpin, with cutthroat trout being the
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most abundant species in Railroad Creek. A more detailed analyses of benthic and fish community structure
was previously discussed in Section 4.6 (Ecological Conditions).
Bald eagle, osprey, and American dipper are birds that are relatively common in the area and make
extensive use of aquatic resources. American dippers have occasionally been observed feeding on aquatic
invertebrates at the base of the tailings pile by Railroad Creek. Mlnk are probably present in the area but
have not been observed, probably because of their size and foraging habits. Bats are also likely to feed on
emergent aquatic insects.
Black bear, mule deer, black-@,id deer, blue grouse, chipmunk, ground squiml. garter make. long-toed
salamander were observed in the up and downstream riparian habitat along Railroad Creek.
Terrestrial Areas
Surface Soils
The dominant habitat types in and around Holden Village are Douglas firlalder forest, riparian willow
thickets, and man-impacted disturbed soils. Soils were collected fiom Holden Village, the maintenance yard
near the mine site, and the lagoon near Railroad Creek, downgradient fiom the mine portal. Soils within
Holden Village are fully vegetated with grasses and trees. The maintenance yard is heavily used by
maintenance vehicles and is devoid of vegetation and habitat for wildlife. The low area by Railroad Creek,
known as the lagoon, collects surface runoff and, although devoid of vegetation, is surrounded by willow
thickets.
The dominant megafauna, utilizing Holden Village and the surrounding area, are black bear, mule deer and
black-tailed deer. A large number of smaller species are also common, including Douglas squirrel,
Townsend's chipmunk, yellow pine chipmunk, golden-mantled ground squirrel, and unidentified bats. Deer
mice and shrews are probably present. Birds, including the red-breasted nuthatch, mountain chickadee,
dark-eyed junco, American robin, golden-crowned kinglet, chestnut-sided nuthatch. Townsend's warbler.
white-crowned sparrow, hermit thrush, cedar waxwing, crossbill and numerous fiches were observed within
Holden Village and the surrounding area. Pileated woodpecker, sharp-shined hawk, varied thrush, Clark's
nutcracker were observed near the mine workings.
Tailings Piles
The tailings piles are located along Railroad Creek west of the mine portal. Beginning in 1973, the USFS
and University of Washington (UW) conducted a number of re-vegetation projects on the tailings piles. The
tailings piles consist of fine-ground bedrock and ore and are sparsely vegetated by a combination of planted
and wild plant species.
A number of plant species including, perennial grasses, alfalfa, and various pine trees, alders and snowbush,
have been planted during previous revegetation studies on the tailings piles. Various grasses, forbs, and
sedges cover approximately five to ten percent of the tops of the tailings piles. Wild tree species, including
Douglas fir, subalpine fir, and Engleman spruce grow on the steep sides of the tailings. Slopes to the
terraces were planted with Douglas fir. Along the tailings pile edges near Railroad Creek, large red cedar,
cottonwood, spruce willow and alder are common.
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The most visible large game animals are mule. deer, black-tailed deer, and black bear (Dames & Moore
1996). Smaller species of interest, that have not been observed. could include beaver. marten. wolverine.
cougar, lynx, and various rodents. Deer mice and shrews are probably present. Mule deer tracks and scat
are common on the tailings piles, especially where the cover is better established. Golden-mantled ground
squirrels and chipmunks were also common in these areas, and a mannot was observed on one occasion.
Mink are likely to be present in the area, although they have not been observed, probably because of their
nocturnal behavior.
The birds common to the area included bald eagles, hawks,(owls, grouse, and woodpeckers. Violet-green
swallows and barn swallows forage for insects over the tailiilgs piles, and a flock of American pipits was
observed foraging on the tailings piles. Immature red-tailed hawks were observed hunting over the tailings
piles and may nest in the area
1500-Level Main Portal Drainage and see^ Areas
Bats have been observed foraging for insects and touching the surface of the stream that flows from the
main mine portal. On one occasion, Mule deer were also observed drinking from the 1500-level main portal
drainage.
Rare. Threatened. and Endangered Swcies
Dames & Moore (1996) indicated that only two plants with state sensitive status had been identified in the
valley by the Washington Natural Heritage Program (Brewer's cliff-brake and Stellets rock-brake). The
report also noted that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species Team had determined that to
the best of their knowledge there are no listed or proposed threatened or endangered animal species in the
Railroad Creek area. However, wolverines were noted as a state sensjtive species by the USFS. Table
7.2.2-2 is a listing of the threatened andlor endangered species known to inhabit the Railroad Creek drainage
area.
7.2.23 Potential Complete Exposure Pathways
The analysis of exposure pathways is critical to an ERA because, by definition, there can be no risk without
exposure. The lack of complete exposure pathways may be due to the absence of a bioavailable form of the
compound of concern, the absence of a transport pathway, or the absence of a receptor. The analysis of
exposure pathways consists of three major elements:
Source of constituent of PCOC and release mechanism
Transport media (or medium) and mechanism of transfer from one medium to another
Point (or area) of potential receptor contact with PCOC
The primary sources of PCOCs considered in this assessment are those associated with the existing source
areas associated with mining advities at the Holden Mine, including the underground mine, waste rock
piles, the mill area, lagoon, and the tailings piles. Potential release mechanisms From these source areas
include surface water runoff, leaching of groundwater from seeps, subsurface interaction with groundwater,
and air transport of particulates From these source areas that contain PCOCs. Through these release
DAMES & MOORE

mechanisms, PCOCs originating from past activities at the Site could be potentially transported to
ecological receptors.
PCOCs present in primary and secondary source materials (surface water, sediment. soil. and biota that have
been exposed to primary source materials including tailings) may be released via several mechanisms.
including incorporation into the food-web. PCOCs released to surface water and/or sediment can be
contacted or ingested by aquatic and terrestrial receptors. Tedal receptors may directly contact or ingest
surface soil at the site. Surface runoff could transport surface soil PCOCs to surface water and sediment.
potentially exposing aquatic receptors. Through predation, compounds of concern in plant or animal tissues
can be acquired by other animals.
EPA (1994) indicates that for ecological receptors, dermal exposure pathways to media such as sediment
are very difficult to document as complete and that for many receptors (e.g., small mammals grooming
fur) ingestion of PCOCs will likely occur before actual dermal contact. This is especially true for metals
which are not permeable to the skin except in ionic form. For this reason, dermal exposure will be
considered to be adequately addressed for ecological receptors as modeled oral doses.
Likewise, inhalation exposure pathways are not well characterized for ecological receptors, no dust
measurements were available, and there is no data for absorbance efficiency for wildlife. Because PCOC
exposure for ecological receptors cannot be accurately quantified, potential exposure via this route will be
considered as an uncertainty to the risk characterization.
Exposure Pathways Analysis
Exposure pathways that are potentially complete at the Site include:
Surface Water. Direct surface water contact (dermal and respiratory) and ingestion are
potentially complete pathways to aquatic and terrestrial receptors, respectively.
Sediment. Limited sediment accumulation exists in Railroad creek because, of the high
gradient and water flows. However, in those small area where sediment does exist, it
could pose an exposure pathway to certain benthic invertebrates. Because sediment will
be substantially washed off food items consumed by terrestrial receptors (Beyer 1994),
sediment ingestion is not of concern for these animals.
Tailings Piles and Soil. Ingestion of tailings pile surface soil by biota and uptake of
PCOCs by vegetation are potentially complete exposure pathways at these sites.
Ground Water. Ground water pathways are not complete for ecological receptors (as it
is not directly contacted until it becomes surface water) and will not be considered hrther
because surface' water is addressed directly.
Biota. Direct ingestion of biota (including vegetation, aquatic insects, fish, small
mammals, etc.) by higher trophic level ecological receptors is a potentially complete
exposure pathway at this site. Concentrations of PCOCs measured in fish tissues (PNL.
1992; Ecology, 1993; Ecology, 1994) are the integrated products of the complete
exposure pathways and also reflect physiological processes such as elimination and
depuration. As such, this pathway was accounted for by direct sampling (by others).
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Concentrations of PCOCs in other media, such as vegetation, aquatic insects.
earthworms, and small mammals, were accounted for by modeling.
In summary, the exposure pathways that are potentially complete at these sites and that will be
quantitatively considered in this ERA are:
Surface water to benthic organisms and fish
Sediment to benthic organisms and fish
Soil to terrestrial vegetation
Soil to other terrestrial receptors
Vegetation to terrestrial herbivores and omnivores
Terrestrial and aquatic biota to upper trophic level consumers
7.2.2.4 Sentinel, Indicator, and Surrogate Species - The Guild Approach
Receptor guilds (organisms with similar life histories or niches in the environment) have been used rather
than individual species for.this assessment because the general characteristics of each guild will provide risk
estimates that are representative of the entire guild. As such, these can be extrapolated more broadly than
single species estimates. The underlying concept is that each receptor of particular concern falls into a
group of potential receptors that function in similar ecological niches ("guilds"). For example, many species
of hawk feed on small mammals and require trees or cliffs for roosts. As such, each of these hawks display
similar life-histories and would be anticipated to have similar exposures to PCOCs at the sites. A single
surrogate, for example the red-tailed hawk, for which good life-history information, or toxicological data is
available, may be used for modeling purposes and results may be extrapolated to the "mammal-eating hawk
guild" as a whole. This allows the risk assessment models to directly evaluate species for which the best
exposure information is available, but allows results to be extrapolated to a broader range of potential
receptors, thereby maximizing data usage and applicability of results.
Representatives in each identified receptor guild and trophic level are selected below. The fundamental
assumption is that if the surrogate receptor is protected, the entire guild is protected. Deviations from this
assumption are discussed further in the uncertainty section of this report.
7.2.2.5 Selection of ROCs: Guild Representatives
The broadest classifications of receptors selected for this ERA are aquatic and terrestrial plants and animals.
Of the animals, fish, mammals, and birds are the three most prominent general groups at the site. Fish,
using salrnonids as representative species, were selected as an ROC because they are an important valued
resource and because they may provide food for certain birds and mammals, as well as recreation for
humans. Benthic insects were also selected as ROCs because they are important food items for fish and
some birds. Although periphyton is an important component of aquatic food chains, there are only a few
reports of the effects of metals on these communities. Therefore, this trophic level will only be discussed
briefly and qualitatively.
Although amphibians may exist at the site, and may be at risk from metals contamination, there is very little
toxicological data for these animals. The available mean toxicity data for amphibians exposed to cadmium,
& MOORE
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copper, lead, and zinc is shown in Table 7.2.2-3. With the exception of one series of tests with one species
of amphibian (Gasterophyene carqlinensk) tested, all other available data shows amphibians to be less
sensitive than salmonid fishes (Table 7.2.3-1B). This one amphibian species is native to Kentucky and is
not found in Washington. When this species was exposed to mercury at different dates in the same
laboratory, much higher (1,300 times) LC5Os were obtained (Table 7.2.2-3), and even this higher LC50 was
lower than was found for 13 ,other species, and 16.6 times lower than the mean of all species tested (Table
7.2.2-3). Thus, this species and series.of tests are not representative of the majority of amphibians toxicity
test results. Therefore, amphibians were considered to be protected by the toxicity reference values used
for salmonids and amphibians were not selected as an ROC.
Terrestrial plants were also selected as ROCs because of their major role in primary production. their role
of providing food for herbivores, and their scenic and economic value to humans. Likewise. earthworms
have been selected to represent terrestrial invertebrates because of their role in nutrient cycling and
providing food to birds and mammals.
Mammals and birds were selected as ROCs. Mammals and birds are further subdivided into carnivores
(piscivores, invertevores), herbivores, and omnivores. Life history and related information (e.g., Terres,
1982; Palmer and Fowler, 1975; USEPA, 1993) was reviewed to identify surrogates for these receptor
guilds for which sufficient ecological and toxicological information exists to perform a quantitative
assessment of risk. In keeping with species observed on site and the guild approach discussed above, a list
of ROCs was selected for the quantification of risk at the Holden Mine aquatic and terrestrial habitats. The
resultant list of receptor guild surrogates is shown in Table 7.2.2-4. These species or guilds were selected
for risk characterization in the following sections because 1) they are most likely to be present and because
2) there is an adequate toxicological database to support the analysis.
Sources of Toxicity Data
Risks to trout and benthic invertebrates were estimated using "Toxicological Benchmah for Screening
Potential Contaminants of Concem for Eflects on Aquatic Biota" (Suter and Tsao, 1996). Grasses and forbs
exist on the soils and mine tailings areas and toxicity to such plants can be estimated using the data
presented in "Toxicological Benchmarks for Screening Contaminants of Potential Concem for Eflects on
Terresfrial Plants" (Efroymson et al., 1997). Essential ecological data for estimating risk to birds and
mammals are available in "Toxicological Benchmarks for Wildlife 'I (Sample et al., 1996), "Methou3 and
Tools for Estimation of the Exposure of Terresrrial Wildlife to Contaminants" (Sample et al., 1997), and
"Wildlije Exposure Factors Handbook" (USEPA, 1993). By using the plant uptake factors in Efroymson et
al. (1997), it is possible to estimate risk to herbivores such as the mule deer, and deer mouse. Similarly, by
using uptake factors in "Development and Validation of Bioaccumulation Models for Emhworms" (Sample
et al., 1997b) and 'LDevelopment and Validation of Bioaccumulaion Models for Small Mammals" (Sample
et al., 1998), it was possible to estimate the doses and risk to shrews, mink, and red-tailed hawk. Estimating
risk to American dipper and little brown bat involved simple modeling of body burdens in aquatic insects.
Measured body burdens in trout were used to estimate doses to mink and osprey. At each trophic level. these
benchmark documents were supplemented with original, peer-reviewed literature and field study results to
account for site-specific differences.
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7.2.2.6 Conceptual Site Model
The CSM integrates sources, release mechanisms. transpon media, transfer mechanisms, and complete
receptor exposure pathways. For this Baseline ERA, three relatively distinct exposure sources form the
bases of the CSM. These sources are: 1) surface water and sediments, 2) tailings soils, and 3) seep water.
The ecological CSM for this site (Figure 7.2-1) provides a pictorial representation of the pathways of
potential PCOC movement h m primary sources to secondary, and tertiary sources and receptors. It is
these relationships that drive potential environmental and exposure risks, as well as risk management
decision making.
7.23 Analysis
7.23.1 Assessment and Measurement Endpoints
Definitions of endpoints and methods of endpoint selection generally follow the guidance and draft
guidance provided by EPA (1989, 1994). To determine if adverse impacts have occurred or are occurring as
a result of constituents released by past mining activities, it is necessary to determine which assessment
endpoints will be used in the evaluation and to understand how the various measurement endpoints relate to
the assessment endpoints in the overall weight-of-evidence approach adopted herein.
The process of endpoint selection begins with identification of risk management goals for environmental
components and ROC that may be susceptible to chemical substances in the environment. In general. the
goal for this site is to protect the populations, communities, and ecosystems that may be exposed to site-
related PCOCs.
Assessment Endpoints
Assessment endpoints are general, large-scale expressions of environmental components or characteristics
. that may be at risk and, therefore, require protection. Although related and highly interdependent,
measurement and assessment endpoints are not the same. In general, measurement endpoints are actual
measurements of chemical or biological parameters that are used to evaluate the assessment endpoints. This
evaluation then forms the basis for extrapolation of results to higher levels of organization or complexity.
The assessment endpoints identified for this investigation are:
Decline in health and viability of populations of avian carnivores
Decline in health and viability of populations of terrestrial mammals
Decline in health and viability of populations of fish and other aquatic receptors
These assessment endpoints are evaluated specifically with information obtained fiom measurement
endpoints (below) to determine if reduced survival, impaired reproduction, or growth inhibition in local
populations and communities are likely. The assessment endpoints were evaluated as the no observed
adverse effect level (NOAEL) fiom toxicity benchmarks, guidelines, or toxicity reference values (TRVs)
for endpoints having potential effects on populations (i.e., growth, reproduction, development) of plants
or animals.
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Measurement Endpoints
Measurement endpoints are parameters obtained by site-specific environmental sampling or laboratory
testing. The measurement endpoints selected for the Site include a variety of anal>zical and observational
data. Information derived from these measurement endpoints were used to evaluate assessment endpoints.
The specific measurement endpoints (data) used in this assessment are:
Surface water samples. These provide data on PCOC distributions and concentrations
at the Site, and permit evaluation of potential ecological risks to aquatic receptors
exposed via PCOCs in surface water and to terrestrial receptors through ingestion
(drinking).
Sediment samples. These provide information on PCOC distributions in sediments at
the Site, and permit evaluation of ecological risk to aquatic receptors exposed via PCOCs
in sediment.
Tailings piles and soils samples. These provide data on PCOC distributions in soils and
tailings piles at the Site, and provide an estimate of PCOC concentrations in the soil
ingestion fraction in dose modeling for mammals (where applicable).
Fish tissue samples. These provide baseline evidence of presence/absence of PCOCs in
the Site's aquatic food-web, can be used to estimate PCOC concentrations in diet for
calculating dietary dose to fish-eating birds or mammals, and may be used to directly
assess impacts to fish where applicable body burden toxicity information is available.
Benthic community assessments. These are indicative of potential impacts as expressed
directly by the characteristics of the benthic communities.
~ i scommunity h assessments. These are indicative of potential impacts as expressed
directly by the populations in fish communities.
7.23.2 Toxicity Benchmarks
Toxicity benchmarks are screening level estimates of the concentrations of chemicals that are expected to
cause no adverse effects on plants or animal populations. These generally take the form of state or federal
promulgated criteria, but may also include databases or guidelines developed by state, federal, or private
organizations which are recognized as estimates of safe concentrations. In this document. several tiers of
toxicity analysis were conducted. In the first tier, media concentrations of metals were compared to federal
or state screening values. Those metals that were below these screening values were eliminated from hrther
analysis. Those metals that exceeded these screening values were carried through the risk assessment. In
the second tier of analysis, more site- and receptor-specific toxicity was sought in the peer-reviewed toxicity
literature and these values became the toxicity benchmarks for evaluating risk. The following section deals
with tier 1, elimination of COCs. The tier I1 toxicity reference values are also found according to specific
receptor, below.
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Aquatic Habitats
Surface Water
The potentially complete exposure pathways for PCOCs at the Site include aqueous and sediment contact
and ingestion by aquatic receptors. The toxicological benchmarks against which aquatic exposures were to
be compared in this baseline ERA included 1) the water hardness adjusted criteria (WAC 173-201A) that
were derived to protect aquatic receptors regardless of the specific exposure pathway, and 2) published.
species-specific, toxicity test results. Because fish species move within the water column, the 95 percent
upper confidence limit (UCL) of the Site data and the median surface water concentmtions, were compared
to acute and chronic water quality criteria. Where the sample size was too small to calculate the UCL. the
highest value was used for screening purposes. Since plants and animals are not directly exposed to
groundwater, this media was not considered as an exposure source in itself.
Surface water data were separated into those that are representative of the mainstream of Railroad Creek
(not including samples collected adjacent to seeps emanating from the south bank of Railroad Creek)
(Tables 7.2.2- 1 B 1, B2, B3), and those that are associated with seeps along the south bank of Railroad Creek
(Table 7.2.2-1A). In addition, Railroad Creek was divided into three reaches: (1) upstream of Site
(including RC-I 1, RC-6, RC-I and USGS and Ecology samples collected within this reach); (2) adjacent to
Site (RC-4, RC-7, RC-2 and Ecology samples collected within this reach); and (3) downstream of Site (RC-
10, RC-5, RC-8, RC-3 and Ecology samples collected within this reach). As specified in WAC 173-20IA.
metals concentration criteria were hardness adjusted for the mean measured hardness of 14.5 mg/L for those
metals that are hardness dependent: cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc. These screening values and
95 percent upper confidence levels of surface water data are shown in Table 7.2.3-1A. Elements were
eliminated if they did not exceed these criteria, or if there is no toxicity benchmark by which to judge
toxicity.
While USGS (1996) samples collected from 'locations 603 and 628 exceeded water quality criteria for
manganese and had the highest concentrations of most other metals analyzed, these samples were collected
from the creek bank immediately downstream from seep areas, not in the main stream where fish and
invertebrates would be found. Because of the large dilution effect of Railroad Creek, these samples and
other samples collected directly from seeps or portals were not considered as riverine habitat for
invertebrates or fish. All metals except lead fell below the federal criteria in Copper Creek and were not
further analyzed for risk to aquatic or terrestrial receptors.
In summary, there was no need to further evaluate the following metals because concentrations were below
federal criteria or toxicity benchmarks are not available to evaluate toxicity.
Fish Bioassavs
Surface Water - aluminum; arsenic; barium, beryllium, chromium, iron, mercury;
manganese, nickel; and silver.
Comparison of Tables 7.2.2-lB1, B2 and B3 with 7.2.3-1A shows that all of the UCLs for surface waters
where copper was detected, including Holden Creek, exceeded the chronic water quality criterion for copper
and lead at a hardness of 15 mg CaCOfi. This was also true for Bridge Creek, Company Creek, and the
south fork of Agnes Creek, reference streams at a hardness of 14 mg CaCOJL. This is largely attributable
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to the extrapolation to low hardnesses of bioassay data from the U.S. €PA Research Laboratory at Duluth
where the hardness is approximately 45 mg CaCOA. However, review of the literature concerning the
toxicity of PCOCs to trout shows that they are able to swive and reproduce in considerably higher
concentrations than would be expected based upon the benchmarks given above. Recent reports from the
Clark Fork Superfund Site near Butte, Montana, reveal that the water quality criteria mag substantially
overpredict toxicity at lower water hardnesses (ARCO, 1996).
The criteria include data for species of animals not found in Railroad Creek. Furthermore, there are many
studies of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc toxicity to salrnonid fishes conducted at low water hardness
(Table 7.2.3-18) which are more appropriate for Railroad Creek fish species and water conditions. As a
rule, the Salmonidae are generally considered to be the most sensitive family of fish to metals (Spry et al..
1981). These Toxicity Reference Values (TRVs) include both acute and chronic endpoints and full life
cycle maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) values. The mean of the tish bioassay data for
each metal was considered to provide a weight of evidence that higher concentrations of metals can be
tolerated by salmonid fishes in very soft waters. Because arsenic, mercury, and nickel did not exceed the
screening criteria, no site-specific TRVs were developed for these metals.
The chronic value for iron used in this risk assessment (1300 pg/L) is also different from the national
NAWQC (1000 pg/L). This is because the federal criteria was established on the basis of a 2 1-day Daphnia
magno bioassay using acid mine drainage. This is not a currently accepted method of establishing
NAWQC, and daphnids are not found in flowing waters such as Railroad Creek. Therefore, for the
purposes of this risk assessment, the lowest value from a rainbow trout embryo-larval bioassay (1300 p a)
was used as the TRV (ORNL, 1996).
These chronic values are at least an order of magnitude greater than the federal criteria modeled benchmark
values listed in Table 7.2.3-1A. Since trout are the major resource to be protected in Railroad Creek, the
values in Table 7.2.3-18 and the chronic value NOEC for copper (i.e., 2.3 pg/L) were used as TRVs to
evaluate risk to fish.
Sediment
In those portions of Railroad Creek where sediments or flocculent have accumulated, toxicity to benthic
invertebrates may be judged by comparison with sediment quality guidance values. Chemicals undetected or
found in only trace amounts in the water column can accumulate to relatively high levels in the pore-water
between sediment particles.
Sediment concentrations were screened relative to appropriate benchmarks (Table 7.2.3-2A). Among
available benchmarks are the marifle and estuarine sediment quality guidance values of Long et al. (1995).
the freshwater guidelines of the Ontario Ministry of the Environment (Persaud et al., 1993), and the
Washington State (Ecology, 1997) guidelines for freshwater sediments. Because the marine and estuarine
guidelines (Long et al., 1995) are baied on a much larger database than the freshwater guidelines, the
potential sediment toxicity of Railroad Creek was assessed using these values.
For Long et al. (1995), the effects range-low (ER-L) is defined as the lower 10th percentile and the effects
range-median (ER-M) as the 50th percentile (median) of the chemical concentration data set. Based on a
"preponderance of evidence," the ER-L and ER-M values define three concentration ranges that were (1)
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arely,,(2) occasionally, and (3) frequently associated with adverse effects. These categories are based upon
the results of a number of different studies with varying endpoints. Each has its own strenfis and
weaknesses. For this reason, the USEPA (1992) has mommended that a range of chemical concentratichs @
should be used rather than a single value. Nevertheless, the Long et al. (1995) guidelines only present single
'values for ER-M and ER-L.
Concentrations below the ER-L (between the above-mentioned "rarely" and "occasionally" categories)
represent a "minimal effects" range, while concentrations between the ER-L and the ER-M represent a
"possible effects" range where adverse effects were occasionally observed. According to Long et al. (1995).
concentrations above the ER-M represent a "probable effects" range within which adverse effects are more
likely to occur. Nevertheless, Long et al. (1995) recommended that these sediment quality guidelines
should be used as "informal screening tools," and NOAA (O'Co~or et al., 1998) has recently reported that
fewer than 40 percent of the samples that exceeded the ER-M in an extensive sediment quality assessment
program, were actually toxic in bioassays. It is important to note, therefore, that because sediment toxicity is
not well understood, neither these guidelines, nor any other sediment quality guidelines (see below), have
been promulgated into law (i.e., criteria).
The lowest effect level (LEL) of the Ontario Minisby of the Environment (Persaud et al., 1993) indicates a
level of sediment contamination that has no effect on the majority of benthic organisms and is calculated as
the 5th percentile using the screening level concentration (SLC) method. The severe effect level (SEL)
indicates the concentration of a compound that would likely be detrimental to most benthic species and is
calculated as the 95th percentile using the SLC method (Persaud et a]., 1993). The LEL and SEL values
therefore are generally comparable to those of Long et al. (1995), even though the LEL may be somewhat
more conservative and the SEL may be more liberal.
Because sediments account for such a small portion of Railroad Creek and because there is little sediment
toxicity data for burrowing freshwater invertebrates, no site-specific TRVs were developed for benthic
invertebrates exposed to sediments and default sediment guidance values were used. Because reports have
shown that metals may interact either synergistically or antagonistically, depending upon the study selected,
it was assumed that all metals act independently of each other.
Comparison of the UCL site data from Table 7.2.2-1C with the ER-L screening pidance values presented
in Table 7.2.3-2A shows that several metals in sediments and flocculent fall below the screening values.
The sediment sample data collected h m Lucerne Bar during the RI (see Section 5.0) was not addressed in
the ERA as additional sampling is pending. Elements were eliminated if they did not exceed the screening
value (ER-L or LEL) or if there was no toxicity benchmark by which to judge potential toxicity. Screening
values are not available for aluminum, barium, beryllium, or selenium and potential toxicity cannot,
therefore be assessed. In summary, there was no need to further evaluate:
Invertebrate Bioassavs
Sediment - aluminum, barium, beryllium, lead, mercury, and selenium
Flocculent - aluminum, barium, beryllium, lead; manganese; nickel and selenium
Sediment bioassays are very difficult to interpret because of the complex matrix interferences with organic
carbon and sulfides, and because it is the pore-water of sediments, not the bulk sediment metals
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concentration that contains the bioavailable metal that causes toxicity. Furthermore, in high gradient fast
moving stream such as Railroad Creek and Copper Creek, very little sediment accumulates. and the
macroinvertebrates that serve as trout and dipper food are largely attached to hard substrates. Therefore, the
toxicity to benthic invertebrates (largely insect nymphs) in Railroad Creek is more properly estimated based
upon aqueous exposures rather than sediment exposures.
Commonly used bioassay animals such as Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia are not found in
flowing waters such as Railroad Creek, but are always included in the calculation of water quality criteria.
Therefore, a number of studies with benthic invertebrates similar to those found in Railroad Creek (i.e..
stonefly, caddisfly, mayfly, damselfly) were reviewed and compiled (Table 7.2.3-28). These data, used
subsequently as tier ll toxicity values, were gathered from experiments for 96 hours (acute) or greater
(chronic), and include several no observed effect concentrations (NOECs). Where greater than (">") values
were reported these were ignored and the values used were unchanged. Where ranges were reported, both
low and high estimates were used. These data were considered to provide a weight of evidence that higher
concentrations of metals can be tolerated by benthic macroinvertebrates than is apparent in the water quality
criteria. Since most of the benthic invertebrates found in Railroad Creek are insect nymphs that attach to
hard substrates, the benthic invertebrate study values in Table 7.2.3-28 were used to evaluate risk to aquatic
invertebrates.
Terrestrial Habitats
- Soils
Neither'the USEPA nor the State of Washington have established ecologically-based screening levels for
soils. Therefore, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory toxicological benchmarks for plants (Efioymson et al.,
1997) and earthworms (Will and Suter, 1997) were used to screen soils. In addition, because cyanide was
not evaluated by ORNL, this value is the target value designated by the Dutch Minisby of Soil Protection
(1996). These are used in conjunction with the upper 90th percentile of background soils data compiled by
Ecology (1994) for the Yakima Basin, which includes Chelan County, and 1998 background values
collected near the site (Dames & Moore, 1997). If the background was higher than the toxicity benchmark,
the background concentration became the screening value. If the site data exceeded the natural background
values as well as the toxicity benchmark values for plants or earthworms, the hazard analysis proceeded.
Metals were eliminated as COCs if: (1) the background data exceeded the site data, (2) there were no
phytotoxicity or earthworm data, or (3) there were no background data by which to judge if the site data was
greater than background. In addition, chromium was eliminated because there were no cr3 toxicity values,
and this is the major form available in the natural environment. Silver was eliminated because there is no
primary toxicity value available (Efroymson et al. 1997; Will and Sule 1995).
The soil screening values are shown in Table 7.2.3-3A. Comparison of the UCL of the site data fiom Table
7.2.2-1E with the screening criteria presented in Table 7.2.3-3A shows that several metals in soils and
tailings fall below the screening values; therefore, the following metals were not evaluated further:
Soil -aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, iron, manganese, mercury, nickel, selenium,
silver and thallium
Since there is little or no toxicity data for mammals or wildlife exposed to metals potentially found in air-
borne dust, and no Site dust data exists, this potential exposure pathway was not evaluated for risk, although
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it was screened against soil criteria Furthermore. because of the more intricate nasal passageways of most
wildlife, it is unlikely that they will be more sensitive to air-borne dust than humans. Since there was no
risk to humans, it is unlikely there would be risk to wildlife.
In Situ Bioassavs
The Forestry Sciences Laboratory of the USFS and the College of Forest Resources at the UW have
conducted a number of revegetation experiments on tailings piles a! the Site. In 1973 and 1974, attempts to
revegetate tailings piles were influenced by higher than normal temperatures and high winds. This
combination of conditions led to desiccation and burial of seedlings. Nevertheless, a variety of grasses
germinated and grew. Tailings piles were treated with dolomite or milorganite (limestone) to increase
tailings pH, ammonium nitrate as a source of nitrogen, and treble superphosphate as a source of phosphorus
(UDFS, 1973). In order of performance, the plants tall wheatgrass (Agropyron elongarurn), crested
wheatgrass (Agrow crestann), alta tall fescue (Fesruca dimcea), and Regar brome (Bromus
biberstenii) established well on the treated tailings piles under inigated conditions. The native plants,
Calamagrostis crmadiensis (a plant in the same tribe as Indian ricegrass), Juncur lbescens and Juncus d
rummondy (both sedges), and Mix lariolepis (a willow), were found in a spring near plot 9 of this study.
Mosquito larvae and tadpoles were also found in a nearby spring.
In 1993, the USFS planted seven different tree seedlings, eight grass species, three shrubs and one forb in
combination with different soil amendments. Fertilizing and mulching gave better results than Milorganite
or no treatment. Ponderosa pine and lodge pole pine were the best performers on soil islands, and Sitka
alder also grew well, despite predation by deer. Over-liming was also thought to be a problem for Sitka
alder. The addition of gravel to the tailings piles reduced the wind drift effect found earlier to cause
decreased productivity, and provide cracks for seedling germination. Four species of forbs and shrubs were
successfully introduced into sewage-Med soils. Growth in lupine was greatest, largely because these
plants contain chemicals which are obnoxious to herbivores and the deer graze on penstemon (Pewemon
speciosus) and alder early in the season.
Despite this success, the USFS noted that natural immigration and establishment of native plants on
unamended soils was proceeding at a faster rate than that on amended soils. Natural immigrants of Douglas
fir, Ponderosa pine and Sitka alder, as well as numerous individuals of spruce were observed within and
outside the transects. At least thirteen species of forbs were also observed to have been successfully been
naturally transported to the tailings piles. Along the creekside, 90 percent of the introduced cottonwood
(Populus trachocarpa) and 35 percent of the alder (Alnur sinuara) were successfully introduced into
untreated soils.
Zabowski and Everett (1997) concluded that the overburden and tailings contained levels of extractable
copper and zinc that should not cause toxicity problems for plants, but that manganese deticiencies might be
a problem. Concentrations of cadmium, copper, nickel, and zinc were not sufficient to cause adverse effects
on Sitka alder or lupine, and the report stated that the lupine looked particularly healthy.
In addition, Kruckeberg and Wu (1992) reported that seeds of Arenaria douglarii, Bromus mollis, and
Eschscholtzia caespitosa collected from soils containing 1680 ppm copper from the Copperopolis Mine site
were very tolerant of soil copper concentrations. Several other species (Vulpia myrous, Lotus purshianur,
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Lupinus bicolor, and Trijolium prafem) were also significantly more tolerant of copper than plants not
growing on mine soils.
The information provided above indicates that phytotoxic conditions do not currently esist at several areas
at the Holden site. Therefore, it was desirable to develop a tier I1 set of toxicity benchmarks by which to
judge the potential toxicity of the Holden soils to plants. Beyer et al. (1985) reported that a number of plants
were able to survive and grow at a site contaminated with cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc (Table 7.2.3-3B).
These values were used as TRVs for plants.
Aquatic and Terrestrial Birds and Mammals
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Sample et al. (1996) has compiled a series of toxicological benchmarks
for birds and mammals. However, for certain mammalian species, these benchmarks were supplemented
andlor replaced with peer-reviewed pubIished toxicological data. Tables 7.2.3-4A and 7.2.3-48 list the
selected ROCs, PCOCs, and benchmark values. If PCOCs were not toxic to plants or earthworms, it was
assumed they would not be toxic to birds or mammals. .
- Birds
Sample et al. (1996) recommended that the TRV for site-specific avian species should be the same as the
NOAEL for the surrogate species used. This decision was based upon data developed by Mineau et al.
(1996) which showed that scaling factors for body mass in birds were not significantly different From unity.
This conclusion is supported by Hancock (1997). Since there is no evidence that scaling is appropriate for
birds exposed to metals, no scaling for body size was used in the present document. This was considered a
conservative approach since most of the birds used in bioassays are larger than the potentially most exposed
ROCs, the American Dipper and the American Robin, and scaled sensitivity increases with decreasing body
mass.
Where only LOAEL data were available, ORNL estimated the NOAEL by dividing the LOAEL by 10. In
the present study, where the ORNL no effect concentration (NOEC) and the lowest effect concentrations
(LOEC) were close, the ORNL NOAEL was accepted without change. However, where there are large
gaps between the NOEC and the LOEC, there is a risk that the real NOEC much higher than the lowest
concentration tested. Therefore, where the NOEC and the LOEC were separated by a factor of 10-fold or
more, the NOAEL was estimated from the LOAEL by dividing by 5. This is justified because Lewis et al.
(1990) showed that a factor of 5 is adequate to account for the LOAEL to NOAEL conversion in 96 percent
of the 52 species where both LOAEL and NOAEL data were available. Dourson and ~tara also found that a
factor of 5 or less was sufficient to account for the conversion of LOAELs to NOAELs in 96 percent of
chemicals tested (EPA, 1997). Therefore, for this risk assessment, NOAELs were estimated From LOAELs
by dividing by 5. The TRVs for birds are shown in Table 7.2.3-4A.
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Small Mammals
TRVs for representative mammals were obtained by scaling surrogate toxicity data by body size (EPA.
1993; Sample et al., 1997):
where
w = wildlife
s = surrogate
NOAELw = NOAEL (Body Weights /Body weightw)02' 7- 15
This method was used for calculating the TRVs (Table 7.2.3-48) for the little brown bat (0.055 kg body
weight), deer mouse (0.022 kg body weight) and dusky shrew (0.021 kg body weight) fiom the mouse and
rat data given in Sample et al. (1996).
Large Mammals
The scaling method works well for animals, such as bats, mice, and shrews that are approximately of the
same size, but it fails when very large differences in size exist between the surrogate and site-specific ROC.
For example, the logical extension of scaling is that shrews can withstand the highest exposures, while
elephants will be killed by the smallest exposures.
Therefore, an alternative toxicity data set was needed to supplement that provided by Sample et al. (1996) in
order to estimate TRVs for larger animals. These data sets are shown in Table 7.2.3-48 for mink (1 kg body
weight), and mule deer (60 kg body weight). For cadmium and lead, where only LOAEL values were
available as mammalian benchmarks, the NOAEL was estimated by dividing the LOAEL by 5 based on the
rationale discussed above.
7.2.33 Exposure Assessment
Aquatic ROCs
The primary aquatic ROCs are trout, benthic macroinvertebrates, and the birds and mammals that feed
upon these lower animals. NAWQC were not exceeded for arsenic, manganese, mercury, or nickel.
Therefore, these metals and organic compounds were not considered COCs for the baseline risk
assessment for aquatic ROCs.
Trout and Benthic Invertebrates
Exposure to trout and benthic invertebrates are predominated by the concentrations of metals &rid pH in the
creek surface waters.
Although trout could acquire metals through the ingestion of contaminated prey, such as benthic
invertebrates, previous studies have shown that the assimilation efficiency of the fish gut for metals is very
low (Spry et al., 1988; Handy, 1992). Therefore, toxicity was only judged by comparison with site-specific
surface water metal concentrations and the estimated toxicity values for metals concentrations causing
adverse effects on trout species (Table 7.2.3- 1 B 1, B2, and B3) such as are found in Railroad Creek.
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*

Although certain benthic invertebrates burrow into soft sediments in some environments. the high currents
and hard surfaces on Railroad Creek assure that the majority of benthic species are attached to hard surfaces
and are only exposed to surface water metal concentrations. Furthermore. although some benthic
invertebrates may ingest metal particulates or flocculent with their diet of periphyton, there is no exposure
or toxicity data by which to judge the severity of such exposures. However, because of the oxygen
requirements of both invertebrates and fish, and the high rates of ventilation k opposed to low rates of gut
peristalsis, the aquatic portion of metal body burdens are generally thought to be the more important route of
exposure except in waters of very low metals concentrations (Handy, 1992; Spry et al., 198 1 ; Hodson et al..
1980). Therefore, the risk to benthic invertebrates was estimated by comparison with site-specific water
concentrations and toxicity values for metals concentrations (Table 7.2.3-2B) causing adverse effects on
benthic invertebrates such as are found in Railroad Creek. In addition, however, sediment data collected by
USBM (1 993, and Ecology (1997) as well as flocculent samples collected by Dames % Moore (1 998) in
slow moving reaches of Railroad Creek, were compared to sediment quality guideline values (Table 7.7.3-
2A). This analysis was not separated from evaluation of the hyporheic zone because it is undefined in
Railroad Creek and because the same insect larvae are found in the hyporheic zone as were evaluated for the
surface waters.
Because none of the metals in Copper Creek exceeded these receptor-specific benchmarks for either benthic
insects or trout, no further analysis of risk was conducted for this stream. In general, metals levels in
Copper Creek were the same as the reference stations at Ten-Mile Creek, Bridge Creek, Company Creek,
and the South Fork of Agnes Creek.
American Di~wr
Dippers are insectivores that feed in riffles on benthic macroinvertebrates such as caddis fly and stonefly
nymphs. No measurements were made of the concentrations of metals in 'benthic invertebrates at the site.
Kemble et al. (1992) reported concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in pore-water and benthic
macroinvenebrates collected from the Clark Fork River (CFR), near Butte Montana. Cain et al. (1992)
reported that these animals were mainly caddisflies and stoneflies, animals expected to be fed upon by
dippers and common in Railpad Creek. To estimate the body burdens of cadmium. copper, lead, and zinc
in Railroad Creek invertebrates, a simple ratio of the UCL of Railroad Creek water concentrations divided
by the closest concentration of CFR pore-water was multiplied by the CFR body burden (Table 7.2.3-5;
7.2.3-6). .There are no data available for iron concentrations in benthic invertebrates.
Exposure to birds was estimated using mass-dependent algorithms (ERA, 1993). The water ingestion rate
(W) in birds was estimated as:
where
W (Ud) = 0.059 x (kg Body
0.67 = relationship between body mass and water requirements
G:\wpdruUX)5Lcpau\boIdcn-Z\n\74.doc
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The food ingestion rate was estimated as:
where
F (kg/d) = 0.0582 x (kg Body
0.65 1 = relationship between body mass and food requirement
Dippers average about 0.055 kg body weight (Dunning, 1993) and when the results of the algorithms are
divided by the body mass the daily ingestion rates for dippers were estimated to be 0.16 kg foodkg
body weighttday and 0.154 Ukg. The total exposure dose (D) From diet, water, and soil (if appropriate) are
summed:
The predicted total daily doses to metals through the worst-case dietary and water sources are shoyn in
Table 7.2.3-7.
Osprey obtain nearly 100 percent of their caloric requirements from the consumption of fish. Ospreys are
migratory and spend the winter months in Latin America and the Caribbean Basin (Poole, 1993). They are
not abundant in the Pacific Northwest, except in the Coeur d'Alene area of Idaho. In the west, they are
largely dependent upon freshwater lakes, large rivers, and reservoirs for their prey. The southerly migration
usually begins in the last two weeks of August in northern latitudes. Winter populations in Oaxaca Mexico
reach a plateau between October and March, so that any ospreys feeding in the Lake Chelan area would
only be present for about 5 months a year, approximately April 15 to August 15 (Poole, 1993). Since the
birds dive into the water to catch the fish, the waters used for fishing must be at least several feet deep.
Furthermore, ospreys do not hunt in turbulent waters. Although it is very unlikely that ospreys would forage
in Railroad Creek, risk was assessed for ospreys foraging in Railroad Creek.
Ospreys average about 1.55 kg body weight (Dunning, 1993) and consume fish in the 100-300 g weight
class and the 10-14 inch length range (Pool, 1993). Using the algorithm for food consumption, this is a
daily wet weight ingestion rate of 255 g fish. This agrees well with the data provided by Poole (1984).
During the breeding season ospreys need to consume 6 to 8 fish or about 1250 @day (Poole. 1984). Of this.
approximately 400 g is eaten by the male, 360 g by the female, and the remaining 490 g by the young. This
is a wet weight food consumption rate of 0.258 kgkglday by the adult male.
Pacific Northwest Laboratories (PNL, 1992) measured copper, iron, selenium and zinc concentrations in
'muscle and liver of cutthroat trout captured at 1) the wilderness area boundary, 2) tailings pile 3) Lucerne.
and 4) 25-Mile Creek. Although additional rainbow and cutthroat trout data were collected by Ecology
(1993, 1994) at these same locations, and analyzed for aluminum, arsenic, copper, iron, lead, nickel, and
zinc, only Cu, Fe, Hg, Se and Zn were measured above detection limits. There are no reliable toxicity
benchmarks for iron, and iron is an important micronutrient. Therefore, only copper, mercury, selenium and
zinc were evaluated.
The liver of rainbow trout constitutes about a maximum of 2 percent of the total body weight. If it is
assumed that muscle constitutes the remaining 98 percent, the whole fish metals concentrations can be
G:\~uW)5~U1ol~1\ri\74~doc
. 7-56
17693-005-01 9Uuly. 27. 19w5: 16 P MDM FLNAL R1 REPORT
7-17
\

estimated from the available liver and muscle data. The whole body copper, mercury, selenium and zinc
concentrations that would be consumed by osprey feeding on trout are shown in Table 7.2.3-6. These
values agree well with those reported by Harper Owes (1989) for kokanee. chinook salmon. and rainbow
trout collected.in Lake Chelan. In that study, whole body copper ranged from 0.66 to 2.4 mg copperkg. and
zinc ranged from 5 to 19 mg/kg. Roch et al. (1985) have also shown that liver and muscle cadmium.
copper, lead and zinc concentrations do not differ significantly between rainbow and cutthroat trout exposed
to mine tailings contaminated water. Therefore, the values for rainbow trout are also applicable to cutthroat
trout. While the copper and zinc concentration means increased between the upstream area and the
downstream of tailings pile 3, iron, selenium and mercury decreased over the same area.
Ecology (Patmont et al., 1989) also collected fish tissue data on arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, and
selenium concentrations in kokanee, chinook salmon, and rainbow trout from different areas of Lake
Chelan. Arsenic, cadmium, lead, selenium and mercury were below method detection limits. There was no
relationship between copper, zinc, or selenium concentrations in these fish and the proximity of the
collection area to Railroad Creek.
Using USEPA (1993) algorithms, the concentrations of metals ingested by ospreys through drinking were
conservatively estimated h m the UCL of the surface water copper, iron, mercury, and zinc (total)
concentrations collected in the Fall of 1997. Selenium was never detected. Table 7.2.3-8 shows the
estimated doses for a 1.55 kg adult male osprey consuming 0.255 kg of fish per day, and drinking 0.05 Ukg
body weightlday.
- Mink
Mink are carnivores which feed, in order of importance, on mammals, fish and amphibians, birds, reptiles
and invenebrates. Population density depends upon available cover and food, but typically ranges from
0.01 to 0.1 mink per ha. Mink home range depends largely upon food abundance but ranges from 7.8 to
20.4 ha. in heavily vegetated and sparsely vegetated habitats, respectively (Mitchell 1961). Home ranges
are usually aligned with waterways and, in Idaho, mink were never observed more than 200 m from water
(Melquist et al., 198 1).
In some locations, the mink derives a major portion of its diet from fish consumption (Erlinge, 1969; EPA,
1993), but mink are not successful in capturing salmonid or other fast swimming fishes in some areas
(Erlinge, 1969). However, in Michigan, Alexander (1977) reponed that trout comprised between 52 and 56
percent of the diet during different seasons. Nevertheless, for the purposes of conservatism, it was assumed
that trout comprised 100 percent of the diet along Railroad Creek (Table 7.2.3-6).
EPA (1993) algorithms were also used to estimate the doses for mammals. The water ingestion rate (W) in
mammals was estimated as:
~:\wpd.u~~\repom~lo1~2\n\74.d0f 7-57
17693-00S419Uuly 21.1999:S:16 PMPRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
W (Ud) = 0.099 x (kg Body 7-19

The food ingestion rate for placental mammals was estimated as:
F (kgld) = 0.0687 x (kg Body eight)^.'^
When these values are divided by the body mass (kg), the daily ingestion rates may be estimated in terms of
kg food, or L water consumed per kg body weight per day.
Adult male mink weigh about 1 kg and consume about 0.069 kg foodtkg body weight per day, and ingest
about 0.099 Lkg body weight per day (EPA, 1993). The estimated doses are shown in Table 7.2.3-9.
Terrestrial ROCs
- Plants
Zabowski and Everett (1997) reported that the native vegetation of the Holden Site is classified as Western
Hemlock-Pacific Silver Fir habitat type. The Site is located at the 1000 M elevation, and is climatically
severe. During the summer, temperahlres reach 38OC, and during the winter, snowpacks can be 2-3 M deep.
In addition, down-valley winds increase evaporation.
It is important to recognize that soil toxicology is as complex or more complex than sediment toxicology,
and that similar problems exist in applying single guidance values to sites with different characteristics. The
qualitative and quantitative data presented in Table 7.3.3.3B on native plant growth at Holden Mine should
be given equal weighting when judging the potential impacts of mine tailings on plant communities. '
Plants may accumulate metals that may be passed on to herbivores. Ehympson et al. (1997) provide
algorithms (Table 7.2.3-10) by which the concentrations of metals in plants can be estimated (Table 7.2.3-
6).
Earthworms
Earthworms consume soil and extract energy by digesting organic matter and associated microbes.
Earthworms are eaten by birds, such as robins, and small mammals, such as shrews. Thus, earthworms are
important in the re-cycling nutrients. Earthworms may contain metals in their tissues that can then can be
acquired by robins and shrews. Sample et al. (1998) provide algorithms (Table 7.2.3-10) for the
concentrations of metals in earthworms (Table 7.2.3-6).
Mule Deer
The mule deer is a medium-sized herbivore. During the summer in Utah, they feed largely upon forbs in
dry meadow, wet meadow, mature forest, and stagnated forest lands (Deschamp et al., 1979). In old growth
forest in Washington, they feed largely on trees during the winter, but switch to forbs in the spring (Leslie et
al., 1984). Deer have been reported to cause significant adverse effects on re-vegetation attempts on the
Holden Mine tailings piles.
During the spring and summer, mule deer confine themselves to small, individual home ranges within which
very short daily movements are necessary (Mackie et al., 1982). However, migratory movements are
characteristic of populations inhabiting mountain-foothill habitats. Fall migrations are forced by snow falls
of greater than about 15 to 30 cm. In migratory situations in Colorado, mule deer had winter home ranges
G:\~W~\bolden-2\n\74.k 7-5 8 DAMES & MOORE
17693-005-019Uuly 27,1999.5: 16 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

of between a low of 34 ha. for does, and an hi@ of 819 ha. for bucks. Summer home ranges of does
averaged 92 ha., while adult males ranged over areas of between 52 and 66 ha.
The food ingestion rate for herbivorous mammals was estimated as:
F (kgld) = 0.0875 x (kg Body ~ei~ht)~.'~'
The largest mature male mule deer weigh about 150 kg but the average weight in west coast adult
populations is about 60 kg. Mule deer consume about 22 g dry foodkg body weightlday (Alldredge et al..
1974). Mule deer obtain a large portion of their water requirements from vegetation, but consume between
47 and 70 mUkg body weightlday when confined in pens in the summer. In addition, mule deer are
assumed to ingest soil equivalent to about 2 percent of their diet (Sample et al., 1997).
No direct measurements of concentrations of metals & plants were obtained at the Holden Mine site.
However, Efioympson et al. (1997) have summarized the available data on soil-to-plant uptake factors
(Table 7.2.3-lo), and these can be used to estimate concentrations of metals in the plants (Table 7.2.3-6) at
the Holden Mine site.
Not all of the metal concentrations found in the diet or in incidentally ingested soil are bioavailable. Table
7.2.3-1 1 shows the bioavailability of metals fiom soils and the default bioavailability assumptions for plant
matter.
Table 7.2.3-12 uses these soil-plant uptake algorithms, UCL concentrations of metals, and bioavailability
from soil and tailings piles at the Holden Mine site to predict potential doses that mule deer may receive.
Deer Mouse
Deer mice are highly opportunistic omnivorous rodents (EPA, 1993) which largely consume seeds during
the fall and winter, and arthropods during the summer. They cache food for the winter in the northern extent
of their geographical range. They have home ranges from 0.014 to 0.128 ha, depending on population
density. Sample et al. (1996) provided an algorithm for the food consumption by rodents:
7-2 1
F(kg/d) = 0.0306 x (kg Body 7-22
Deer mice weigh about 0.022 kg and ingest about 0.16 kg foodlkg body weight per day. Non-seed food
provides a large portion of the animals water requirement. Incidental soil consumption is less than 2
percent of the diet volume. Although deer mice may ingest arthropods at the site, there are no models by
which to estimate the metal concentrations in arthropods. Therefore, it was assumed that their diet was
100 percent plant matter. However, since seeds contain much lower metal concentrations than foliage
(Beyer et al., 1985), this was considered a conservative estimate of the dose to a small herbivore. In
addition, it was assumed that deer mice obtained all of their water fiom the highest concentrations in
Railroad Creek. The plant uptake models of Efroymson et al. (1997) and bioavailability factors (Table
7.2.3-1 1) were used to estimate the dose (Table 7.2.3-1 3).
Deer mice may also serve as food for animals such as mink and hawks. Sample et al. (1998) provide
algorithms (Table 7.2.3-10) by which the metal concentration in small mammals may be estimated (Table
7.2.3-6). These concentrations were used in estimating the doses to carnivores, below.
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- Mink
Mink are carnivores which feed, in order of importance. on mammals, fish and amphibians. birds. reptiles
and invertebrates. Population density depends upon available cover and food, but typically ranges from
0.01 to 0.1 mink per ha Mink home range depends largely upon food abundance but ranges from 7.8 to
20.4 ha. in heavily vegetated and sparsely vegetated habitats, respectively (Mitchell, 1961). Home ranges
are usually aligned with waterways and, in Idaho, mink were never observed more than 100 m from water
(Melquist et al., 1981). Adult male mink weigh about 1 kg and consume about 0.069 kg food/kg body
weight per day, and ingest about 0.099 Lkg body weight per day (EPA, 1993). In Michigan. Sealander
(1943) reported that small mammals comprised about 64 percent of the diet.
Metals data in small mammals have not been collected for the Holden Mine site. Therefore, the algorithms
provided by, Sample ei al. (1998) were used to estimate the secondary exposure minks acquire through
consumption of small insectivorous, omnivorous, and hehivorous small mammals (Table 7.2.3-1 0).
These equations were then used to estimate small animal concentrations at the UCL of Holden Mine soils
(Table 7.2.3-6) and the doses to mink (Table 7.2.3-14).
Duskv Shrew
The dusky shrew (Sorex vagrans 0bscw-u) is a carnivore which feeds largely on earthworms, insects, slugs
and snails (EPA, 1993). They have forage ranges of about 0.03 to 2.2 ha, depending on population density.
Shrews have very high metabolic rates and Winter mortality may range up to 90 percent. Dusky shrews
weigh about 0.022 kg and consume about 0.56 kg foodkg body weight per day and drinks about 0.22 Ukg
body weight per day. Since there are no data or models to estimate metals concentrations in insects, slugs.
or snails, it was assumed that the shrew diet is composed 100 percent of earthworms. The equations in
Sample et al. (1998) were used to estimate the metals concentrations in earthworms (Table 7.2.3-6) and
doses to the shrew (Table 7.2.3- 15).
Red-tailed Hawk
The red-tailed hawk is a carnivore which feeds largely on terrestrial rodents (EPA, 1993). Adult male red-
tailed hawks weigh about 1.2 kg and consume about 0.049 kg foodkg body weight per day and ingest about
0.056 Ukg body weight per day of water. In Oregon, Janes (1 984) reported that small mammals comprised
about 76.1 percent of the diet, with the remaining percentage composed of birds and reptiles. Doses for red-
tailed hawk (Table 7.2.3-16) were estimated using the small mammal body burdens developed for the mink,
above.
American Robin
The Arnerican robin is a common omnivore which feeds largely on fruits, ground-dwelling invertebrates,
and foliage-dwelling insects (EOA, 1993). Preceding the breeding season, about 90 percent of the diet
consists of invertebrates. Robins weigh about 0.078 kg and consume about 0.129 kg foodkg body weight
per day and drink about 0.14 Lkg body weight per day. The equations in Sample et al. (1998) were used to
estimate the metals concentrations in earthworms and the doses to the robin (Table 7.2.3-1 7).
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Little Brown Bat
The little brown bat is a nocturnal species that feeds exclusively on insects captured in flight. emerging from
surface waters, or stationary on vegetation (Sample et al., 1997). Aquatic insects (e.g., Chironomodidae.
Diptera, Isoptera, and Trichoptera) are the primary types of insects capnrred in western Oregon (Whitaker et
al., 1977) and collected in Railroad Creek. Reported body weights range from about 3 to 12 g, but average
about 8 g (Sample et al., 1997). Bats are active chiefly from March to August, and hibernate during the
winter and early Spring.
Using the equations provided by Sample et al. (1997), this is a feeding rate of 0.162 kg/kg body weight per
day, and a drinking rate of 0.160 L/kg body weight per day. Although the forage range of this species is not
known, a related species, the gray bat may travel as far as 12 km from roost to foraging areas (LaVal et al..
1977).
It was assumed that little brown bats at the Holden Mine site feed on emerging aquatic insects. Therefore.
the predicted insect body burdens found in Table 7.2.3-6, were used to estimate the dose received by bats in
the area (Table 7.2.3- 18).
7.2.4 Risk Characterization
The risk characterization was first evaluated for locations where the highest concentrations of metals were
found using worst case exposure assumptions. If risk was found using these worst case exposure
assumptions, these assumptions were modified to better reflect more probable exposures. This more refined
level of analysis was only conducted where risk was found using the most conservative exposure
assumptions.
The hazard quotient (HQ) method of risk characterization was used to assess the potential for existing metal
concentrations at the Holden Mine site to pose risks to ecological receptor species. The worst case HQ for
each PCOC was determined by dividing the upper 95 percent confidence limit on the mean of the site
concentration or estimated dose data by the appropriate toxicity reference value (TRV) for each ROC in a
given potentially complete exposure pathway:
HQ = concentration or dose/TRV 7-23
The total risk for each ROC was determined by summing the hazard quotients for each exposure pathway
(XHQ). At this time the USEPA and Ecology have not provided specific guidance to interpret hazard
quotients. However, it is generally accepted that when CHQ > 1 .O, there may be a small potential risk of
adverse effects to ecological receptors. The British Columbia Ministry of the Environment, Land, and
Planning (BCMELP, 1998) has defined HQs > 1 but 400, as an intermediate risk, and HQs > 100 as high
risk. The specific HQ for each PCOC and ROC exposed to the UCL concentrations measured are shown in
Tables 7.2.4-1 to 7.2.4-14. Individual HQs were not added to produce hazard indices (HIS) because there is
insufficient evidence that metals act synergistically, and sufficient evidence to conclude that at least some
metals act antagonistically (Bremmer, 1979; Zmudzki et al., 1984; Edelstein et al., 1984; Carlson et al..
1985; van Barneveld et. al., 1985; Turecki et al., 1995).
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7.2.4.1 Risk Cbaracterization for Worst-case Current Conditions
For most ROCs, worst case exposures using the UCL or highest value were used as a screening technique to
determine if risk was feasible under more ecologically realistic median exposure conditions. However, for
sessile ROCs such as benthic invertebrates and terrestrial plants, reasonable worst case exposures may be
representative of the risks found at particular localized areas of the site. Since all the remaining ROCs are
free roaming and integrate their respective exposures through their home range, exposures to median
concentrations are more ecologically realistic and r&presentstive. Even for benthic invertebrates and plants.
the median concenuations are more indicative of conditions experienced by plant and animal populations in
the local environment. In fact, since these data were collected only from areas expected to be contaminated.
the median probably exceeds that which would be contacted by foraging animals, as well as much of the
vegetation. Therefore, median exposures were utilized and are likely to be conservative as well as more
ecologically relevant than UCLs. This is certainly true at the population level of organization.
The tiered risk characterization for aquatic and terrestria exposure pathways are described below.
Aquatic Exposure Pathways
Risks to aquatic ROCs were evaluated in tiers of analysis, proceeding from wont case exposures to more
reasonable exposures. In the fvst tier of analysis, only the UCL of the data collected from the South Bank
of Railroad Creek was used. This data ensures a worst case estimation of risk since the water samples were
collected from the creek bank where metals from seeps fmm the tailings piles have just begun to mix with
the main stream of Railroad Creek. If risk was found under these conditions. the UCL data for the main
stream of Railroad Creek were evaluated. The main stream samples were collected across the span of the
creek and represent a more accurate "worst case" scenario of well mixed waters of Railroad Creek. If risk
was still apparent, the median concentrations of the main stream were evaluated. This is a more accurate
picture of the exposures encountered by pelagic invertebrates and fish as they move about in the creek.
- Fish
From Table 7.2.4-]A, it is apparent that trout may be at risk in the highest concentrations of copper (and
possibly of zinc) along the South Bank of Railroad Creek. Therefore, since trout are not restricted to the
worst case exposure conditions, further risk analysis is justified for the UCL of the main stream of Railroad
Creek.
From Table 7.2.4-IB, it may be seen that trout could be at risk from copper in the main stream of Railroad
Creek. Further analysis of median water concentrations (Table 7.2.4-IC), showed that trout could be at risk
from copper in the area of the mine site, and downstream.
Benthic Invertebrates - Surface Water
Hazard quotients (Table 7.2.4-2A and 7.2.4-28) for benthic invertebrates exposed to metals in surface
waters were estimated by dividing the UCL of surface water concentrations along the South Bank of
Railroad Creek found in Table 7.2.2-IA, below, by the chronic TRVs found in Table 7.2.3-28.
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Since none of the UCL concentrations exceeded the acute or chronic benchmarks calculated in Table 7.1.3-
2B, there is no need to conduct a further analysis of risk to benthic invertebrates in South Bank or
mainstream of Railroad Creek from these metals.
Benthic Invertebrates- Sediments
In addition to the benthic macroinvertebrates that are attached to hard substrates, there may be benthic
invertebrates that burrow in the sediments of Railroad Creek. Sediment samples were collected by USGS
(1994) and analyzed in by a non-standard method that provided worst possible conditions for comparison
with sediment quality benchmarks. Because there is relatively little sediment in Railroad Creek. the samples
were collected from behind boulders, and from sandban. The samples were sieved, air dried. and then
pulverized to a fine flow prior to extraction and analysis by ICP-AES. Pulverizing the sediments would
have increased the amount of metal in contact with the strong acid and resulted in an apparent higher
concentration than normal extraction procedures. USBM (1995) and Ecology (1997) collected sediment in
Railroad Creek. With the exception of silver, the USGS data were the highest sediment values available.
In Table 7.2.4-2C, the results of this analysis are compared against the sediment quality guideline values.
The most conservative guidelines (ER-L) were used for screening purposes, although it must be noted that
none of the samples exceeded the Ecology (1991) guidelines for freshwater sediments. Exceedances of the
ER-Ls for cadmium, copper, iron, manganese and zinc are shown on Table 7.24-2C.
Since risk was found for the UCLs of sediments, the median sediment concentrations were evaluated. There
were insufficient data points to calculate median concentrations in upstream sediments.
Exceedance of the ER-L means that sediments may "occasionally" be toxic (Long et al., 1995). Therefore,
it is not appropriate to use these exceedances as evidence of adverse effects to the benthic communities at
the sites where data was collected or for Railroad Creek in general. Because of the uncertainty associated
with interpretation of sediment quality guidelines, it may be more appropriate to assess the potential toxicity
of Railroad Creek sediments by exceedance of the ER-M, those concenb-ation "frequently" associated with
toxicity. When this is done, exceedances are only found for manganese downstream from the mining site,
and HQ is only slightly greater than 1.0.
Washington State (Ecology, 1997) has recently developed freshwater sediment quality values (FSQVs).
The FSQVs (freshwater sediment quality values) are probable apparent effects thresholds (PAETs). PAETs
are the 95th percentile concentrations of compounds of concern from field collected studies above the
highest concentration where no significant biological effects were found. The PAET is the concentration in
freshwater sediments below which biological effects are unlikely to occur. When the concentrations are
compared to FSQVs, only manganese and silver present risk to benthic invertebrates (Table 7.2.4-2C). In
support of this usage of sediment quality guidelines, it is noteworthy that Ecology (1997) found sediments
from the mine site area were non-toxic to the sensitive bioassay animal (Hyalelle asreca). Toxicity test data
are generally believed to be a more reliable indicator of potential toxicity than comparison to sediment
toxicity "guidance" values due to site-specific variations in conditions.
Harper Owes (1989) sampled sediments 170 m offshore of the mouth of Railroad Creek in Lake Chelan.
These sediments exceeded sediment quality guidelines for arsenic, iron, and zinc. However, it is important
to note that Ecology (1997) found that sediments collected from the delta at the mouth of Railroad Creek
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were no more toxic than sediments collected from their reference location upstream of the mine site. They
also reported there was no relationship between toxicity and metal concentration.
Sediment sampling was performed at Lucerne Bar as part of the RI field effort. The results were previously
discussed in Section 5.0. With the exception of zinc concentrations at one sample location, metal levels in
sediments were below Ecology's FSQV. The zinc levels at this location do not appear to represent adverse
effects; however, additional sediment sampling will be performed to define the metal chemical
concentrations at this one location.
Benthic Invertebrates- Flocculent
In addition to the benthic macroinvertebrates that are attached to hard substrates, or sediments, there may be
benthic invertebrates that are exposed to flocculents near the portal drainages and downstream. Samples
were collected near the portal drainages in the belief that these areas would contain the highest
concentrations of precipitated metals. Two of the samples were measured wet (RC-2 and RC-5) and one
sample was measured dry. The median values of these three measurements in flocculent were found in the
sample from RC-5. HQs greater than 1.0 are shown in bold in Table 7.2.4-2D.
As with sediment samples, exceedance of the ER-L means that flocculents may "occasionally" be toxic.
Therefore, it may not be appropriate to use these exceedances as evidence of potential adverse effects to the
benthic communities at the sites where data were collected or for Railroad Creek in general. In fact, data
reported elsewhere in this report shows that metal-sensitive insect nymphs are present in the same areas as
the flocculent was collected. Comparison of flocculent concentrations to sediment quality guideline values
may not be appropriate because flocculent is not sediment. For example, its natural state, is a dispersion of
colloidal metals which contain much more water than solid, while sediments contain much more solid than
water. Furthermore, the bioavailability and toxicity of the metals in flocculent is unknown.
Because of the uncertainty associated with interpretation of sediment quality guidelines, it may be more
appropriate to assess the potential toxicity of flocculents by exceedance of the ER-M, those concentration
"Frequently" associated with toxicity. When this was done, exceedances were only found for arsenic,
copper, iron, silver and zinc at locations adjacent to the mining site, and HQs range from 1.8 to 3.1.
American Diuuer
Hazard quotients for American dipper (Table 7.2.4-5) were calculated by dividing the doses estimated in
Table 7.2.3-7 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4A. The default assumptions were:
dippers fed only on aquatic insects from the South Bank of Railroad Creek
dippers drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled insect metal concentrations were accurate for Railroad Creek
From Table 7.2.4-5, it is apparent that American dipper is not at risk even under the worst case exposure
assumptions. Therefore, there is no need to conduct further analyses of risk to this ROC.
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,
Hazard quotients for osprey consuming copper-contaminated trout (Table 7.2.4-6) were calculated by
dividing the doses estimated in Table 7.2.3-8 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4A. The default assumptions
were:
osprey fed only on trout from Railroad Creek and its tributaries
ospreys drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled whole body trout concentrations are accurate
From Table 7.2.4-6, it is apparent that there is no risk to osprey under worst case exposure conditions to
copper, mercury or zinc. Therefore, there is no need to conduct further analyses of risk to this ROC.
- Mink
Hazard quotients for mink feeding on trout (Table 7.2.4-7) were calculated by dividing the doses estimated
in Table 7.2.3-9 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4B. T'le default assumptions were:
mink fed only on trout from Railroad Creek and its tributaries
mink drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled whole body trout concentrations are accurate
From Table 7.2.4-7 it is apparent that there is no risk to mink under worst case exposure conditions to
copper, mercury or zinc. Therefore, there is no need to conduct further analyses of risk to this ROC in the
aquatic habitat.
Terrestrial Exposure Pathways
Bioavailabilitv of Metals
Although there are many studies that show low food to tissue relationships for metals (Pascoe et al., 1994;
Stevens, 1992; Connor et al., 1994; Beyer et al., 1985) there are few studies that analyzed the bioavailable
dose from food. Custer et al., 1984 showed that kestrels fed biologically-incorporated lead were able to
withstand 10 times the dose that caused adverse effects when dosed as lead acetate. Similarly, NAS (1989)
reported that the bioavailability of zinc from meat is about 20 percent. Therefore, the dietary doses of lead
and zinc were so adjusted. However, for the remaining metals, no such data was found. Therefore, it was
assumed that the bioavailability of cadmium and copper from the diet was 100 percent.
There are however, several studies that show that the bioavailability of metals from soils ingestion is far
lower than 100 percent (Owens, 1964; Dodds-Smith et al., 1992; Talmadge and Walton, 1993; Davis et al.,
1992; Hamel et al., 1998). At least some of this results from the presence of insoluble metals salts in the soil
matrix. Ore bodies, such as that at Holden Mine, were deposited on the sea floor as sulfide salts. The
sulfide salts are particularly insoluble and probably form the bulk of the metal salts still found at the site.
Therefore, the bioavailability of the soils that may be ingested incidentally by wildlife, was adjusted as
shown in Table 7.2.3- 1 1.
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- Plants
Hazard quotients for plants (Table 7.2.4-6A) were calculated by dividing the UCL of soil concentrations in
Table 7.2.3-3A by the plant toxicity benchmarks in Table 7.2.3-3A. In the case of cadmium. copper, lead
and zinc, an alternative hazard quotient is calculated based upon the field data found in Table 7.2.3-3B. The
default assumptions were:
the soils used for the plant toxicity benchmarks have the same bioavailability of metals as
the site soils
the site plants are as sensitive as the plants used to derive the benchmarks
Table 7.2.4-6A shows that plants may experience toxicity from cadmium, copper, lead. and zinc in Holden
Village and the surface soils, subsurface soils, tailings piles 1,2 and 3, the lagoon and the maintenance yard.
When compared to median soil concentrations, copper exceeded the TRVs for plants exposed to copper in
all areas, and for lead in tailings pole 3 and in dust samples (Table 7.2.4-6B) However, when compared .
against soil metals concentrations from other mining sites where plants were found growing successfully,
TRVs were exceeded only for copper in subsurface soils, the lagoon, and the maintenance yard (Table 7.2.4-
6C). When compared against median soil concentrations, no soils exceeded the field data from other mining
sites (Table 7.2.4-6D).
It is not clear that many of the sampling locations provide adequate habitat for plants, because of the
physical qualities of the substrate. This is particularly true of tailings piles which are typically devoid of
the moisture required by plants. Plants are unlikely to inhabit dry soils even if no metals were present.
Therefore, although metals concentrations in these areas may exceed the plant TRVs, it is unlikely that
there is a complete exposure pathway for the plants or herbivores.
In the Holden Village soils, metals may be less bioavailable than in bioassay soils. Janssen et al. (1997a;
1997b) have recently shown that the bioavailability of metals in soils is governed by soil pH, amorphous
iron content, organic carbon content, and temperature (Marinussen et al. 1997). Therefore, the degree of
risk from copper is likely to be lower in soils containing high levels of amorphous iron and/or organic
matter, and higher where pH is low. Therefore, since these soils come from lawns and gardens that have
been amended with organic matter, the actual risk is likely to be less than the predicted risk, which was
already relatively low.
Earthworms
Hazard quotients for earthworms (Table 7.2.4-7A) were calculated using the UCL of soil concentrations
in Table 7.2.3-3A by the worm toxicity benchmarks in Table 7.2.3-3A. The default assumptions were:
the soils for the earthworm toxicity benchmarks have the same bioavailability of metals
as the Site soils
the site earthworms are as sensitive as the earthworms used to derive the benchmarks
earthworms would have been found at the Site in the absence of elevated levels of metals
Table 7.2.4-7A shows that some TRVs for earthworms were exceeded at all locations sampled. Only the
TRV for copper was exceeded by the median copper concentration (Table 7.2.4-7B) which is a more
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appropriate metric for protection of earthworm populations. However. as described below. several of the
default assumptions may not be true.
it is not clear that many of the sampling locations provide adequate habitat for earthworms. because of the
physical qualities of the substrate. This is particularly true of tailings piles which are typically devoid of
the organic matter that earthworms feed upon. Organic matter also enhances moisture holding capacity
that is needed for earthworm survival. Earthworms are unlikely to inhabit such soils even if no metals
were present. Therefore, although metals concentrations in these areas may exceed the earthworm TRVs.
it is unlikely that there is a complete exposure pathway for these organisms or their predators.
In Holden Village soils, only copper presents a potential risk to earthworms (Table 7.2.4-7A and B).
However, Janssen et al. (1997a; 1997b) have recently shown that the uptake of metals by earthworms is
governed by soil pH, amorphous iron content, organic carbon content, and temperature (Marinussen et al.
1997). Therefore, the degree of risk is likely to be lower in soils containing high levels of amorphous iron
and/or organic matter, and higher where pH is low. Therefore, since these soils come from lawns and
gardens that have been amended with organic matter, the actual risk is likely to be less than the predicted
risk, which was already relatively low.
Mule Deer
Hazard quotients for mule deer (Table 7.2.4-8) were calculated by dividing the doses estimated in Table
7.2.3-12 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4B.
The default assumptions were:
mule deer fed only on plants from locations where soil samples were collected
mule deer fed only on plants growing in the UCL metal concentrations areas
mule deer consumed soil equivalent to 2 percent of their plant ingestion rate
deer drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled plant metal concentrations were accurate
Table 7.2.4-8 shows that there is no risk to mule deer from the consumption of plants growing at even the
worst case locations. Therefore, there is no need to conduct further analyses of risk to this ROC.
Seeps contained higher concentrations of metals than the creek. If it was assumed that mule deer might
consume the highest median of the seep water as 1 percent of their daily water intake, this had no effect on
the estimated risk.
Deer Mice
Hazard quotients for deer mice (Table 7.2.4-9) were calculated by dividing the doses estimated in Table
7.2.3- 13 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4B.
The default assumptions were:
, deer mice fed only on plants from locations where soil samples were collected
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deer mice fed only on plants growing in the UCL metal concentrations areas
deer mice consumed soil equivalent to 2 percent of their plant ingestion rate
deer mice drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled plant metal concentrations were accurate
Table 7.2.4-9 shows that there is no risk to deer mice b m the consumption of plants growing at even the
worst case locations. Therefore, there is no need to conduct further analyses of risk to this ROC.
- Mink
Hazard quotients for mink feeding on small mammals (Table 7.2.4-IOA) were calculated by diving the
doses estimated in Table 7.2.3-14 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4B. The default assumptions were:
mink feed only on small mammals from locations where soil samples were collected
mink feed only on small mammals found in the highest metal concentrations areas
mink drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled small mammal metal concentrations were accurate
Table 7.2.4-10A shows that mink feeding on small insectivorous mammals could be at risk from cadmium
in the subsurface tailings piles, and the lagoon.
Since mink are not restricted to feeding in only the worst case locations, risk was further characterized at
median metals concentrations in small mammals. When mink were exposed to small mammals living on
median subsurface soil concentrations there was no risk from the subsurface tailings (Table 7.2.4-IOB).
However, because of the limited data for the lagoon and maintenance yard soils, it was not possible to
further estimate risk in these areas. It should be noted however, that since the soils are probably toxic to
plants and earthworms, it is likely that there is not a complete exposure pathways from small mammals to
mink in these areas. Furthermore, since carnivorous animals are usually only about 10 percent as abundant
and as herbivores, it is also unlikely that mink could feed 100 percent on insectivores. When the mink diet
is 10 percent insectivores and 90 percent herbivores (or omnivores), there is no risk to mink even in the
lagoon and maintenance yard.
Red-Tailed Hawk
Hazard quotients for red-tailed hawk feeding on small mammals (Table 7.2.4-1 1) were calculated by
dividing the doses estimated in Table 7.2.3-16 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4A. The default assumptions
were:
hawks feed only on small mammals from locations where soil samples were collected
hawks feed only on small mammals found in the highest metal concentrations areas
hawks drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled small mammal metal concentrations were accurate
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Table 7.2.4-1 1A shows that red-tailed hawks could be at risk from the consumption of insectivorous small
mammals exposed to cadmium in the subsurface tailings and the lagoon.
Since red-tailed hawk are not re&cted to the tailings piles, but are free roaming animals, fiuther analysis
under more realistic exposure conditions was conducted. When hawks were exposed to insectivorous small
mammals living on median subsurface soils, no risk was found (Table 7.2.4-1 18).
However, because of the limited data for the lagoon and maintenance yard soils, it was not possible to
further estimate risk in these areas. It should be noted however, that since the soils are probably toxic to
plants and earthworms, it is likely that there is not a complete exposure pathways from small mammals to
mink in these areas. Furthermore, since carnivorous animals are usually only about 10 percent as abundant
and herbivores, it is also unlikely that mink could feed 100 percent on insectivores. When the hawk diet is
10 percent insectivores and 90 percent herbivores (or omnivores), there is no risk to hawks even in the
lagoon and maintenance yard.
Duskv Shrew
Hazard quotients for Dusky shrews feeding on earthworms (Table 7.2.4-12) were calculated by dividing the
doses estimated in Table 7.2.3-15 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4B. The default assumptions were:
shrews feed only on earthworms from locations where soil samples were collected
shrews feed only on earthworms found in the highest metal concentrations areas
shrews drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled small mammal metal concentrations were accurate
Table 7.2.4-12A shows that Least shrews could be at risk from the consumption of earthworms exposed to
cadmium in the subsurface tailings, tailings pile 1, tailings pile 2, the lagoon, and the maintenance yard, and
to zinc in the lagoon.
Although Least shrews have small forage ranges, they are not restricted to the tailings piles, but are free
roaming animals. When shrews are exposed to the median concentrations in subsurface soils, and tailings
piles 1 and 2, there is no risk (Table 7.2.4-128).
However, because of the limited data for the lagoon and maintenance yard soils, it was not possible to
further estimate risk in these areas. It should be noted however, that since the soils are probably toxic to
plants and earthworms, it is likely that there is not a complete exposure pathways to shrews in these areas.
American Robin
Hazard quotients for robins feeding on earthworms (Table 7.2.4-13) were calculated by dividing the doses
estimated in Table 7.2.3-17 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4A.
.The default assumptions were:
• Robins feed only on earthworms from locations where soil samples were collected
Robins feed only on earthworms found in the highest metal concentrations areas
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Robins drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled earthworm metal concentrations were accurate
Table 7.2.4-13A shows that Robins could be at risk from cadmium in the subsurface tailings. lagoon, and
maintenance yard, and fiom zinc in the subsurface soils, tailings pile 3, the lagoon, and the maintenance
yard, and from lead in the lagoon and maintenance yard.
When robins were exposed to the median concentrations in the subsurface soils. and tailings pile 3, there
was no risk from either cadmium or zinc (Table 7.2.4-138). It is highly likely that the input parameters for
the robin vastly overestimate the actual exposure conditions because risk was also shown for robins feeding
on earthworms exposed to site background concentrations of cadmium and the risk characterization does not
account for robins relatively large forage ranges.
However, because of the limited data for the lagoon and maintenance yard soils, it was not possible to
further estimate risk in these areas. It should be noted however, that since earthworms were not observed in
the areas where metal concentrations were elevated, it is likely that there is not a complete exposure
pathways to robins in these areas.
Little Brown Bat
Hazard quotients for little brown bats feeding on emergent aquatic insects (Table 7.2.4-14) were calculated
by dividing the doses estimated in Table 7.2.3-1 8 by the TRVs in Table 7.2.3-4B. The default assumptions
were:
bats fed only on aquatic insects From Railroad Creek
bats drink only the UCL concentrations from Railroad Creek
the modeled insect metal concentrations were accurate for Railroad Creek
It is apparent that little brown bat is not at risk from consumption of emergent insects or surface waters
(Table 7.2.4-14). Therefore, there was no need to further evaluate risk to bats along Railroad Creek.
7.2.4.2 Modifying Factors
Because the most difficult aspect of risk characterization is the quantification of the effect of home range on
exposure, median exposure concentrations were used. However, is should be noted that the red-tailed hawk,
and mule deer also move seasonally. The red-tailed hawk is only a visitor during the summer months and
then migrates to Central and South America. Although the mule deer does not migrate per se, it does move
to lower elevations during the winter when snow fall exceeds its ability to reach grasses and forbs, or to
move about easily. The little brown bat is only active during the summer, and hibernates during the winter.
While mink do not migrate or hibernate, the onset of cold weather is likely to reduce the consumption of
aquatic species. This assures that none of the terrestrial ROCs will be exposed to the worst case or median
exposure conditions used for risk characterization in Section 7.2.4.1 above.
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17693-005-01 9Uuly 27.1999:J: 16 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

7.2.5 SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY
Limitations associated with any risk assessment have a number of components. including degree of
success in meeting objectives, the range of conditions over which conclusions can be applied, and the
certainty with which conclusions can be drawn (EPA 1989a). The conclusions of a risk assessment are
useful only once they have been placed in perspective relative to the uncertainties associated with the
evaluation.
7.2.5.1 General Components of Uncertainty
Toxicology and risk assessment are relatively new sciences, and, as with all risk assessments. there are a
variety of uncertainties in this baseline ERA. The ERA process relies on assumptions that have varying
degrees of accuracy and validity. Uncertainty in risk estimation has both qualitative and quantitative
components. In general, the uncertainty surrounding a risk estimate consists of:
real variation, reflecting actual ranges in biological responses
lack of certainty, regarding basic physical, chemical, and biological properties and
processes (e.g., bioavailability, bioaccumulation)
assumptions in the models used to approximate key input values (e.g., dose-response an
exposure "models" used for criteria derivation)
measurement error
It is important to understand that uncertainty includes both real variation (reflecting actual, mechanistic
biological response ranges and variability in ecosystem conditions) and error. Thus, because biological
systems are inherently uncertain and variable, some component of variability in risk estimation is due to a
realistic reflection of ecological conditions, while another component is due to "error" or uncertainty
introduced by the overall analytical process. However, it is critically important to understand that natural
ecosystem variability represents an important source of uncertainty to the evaluation of the ecosystem.
While this parameter is paramount to the making of risk management decisions, it cannot be controlled.
Therefore, "error" is the component to be minimized, because this encompasses undesirable uncertainty
that has been introduced by the assessment process and can. to some degree, be controlled.
Database
The analytical database has inherent uncertainties. For example, sampling was generally concentrated in
areas of known elevated concentration so that estimates of the actual underlying distribution of PCOCs
made from the dataset may be biased conservatively. In addition, when analytes were not detected in
environmental media, these data points were not included in the statistical analysis. Although this
conclusion is based upon the available evidence, it is possible that metals could have been present at
concentrations below the method detection limit. This was not felt to impact the conclusions reached
because the detection limits were always lower than the concentrations known to cause adverse effects.
Nevertheless, this method introduces uncertainty which cannot be quantified. An attempt to limit this
source of uncertainty was made by using the median concentrations rather than the means. Medians are an
expression of central tendency which is less biased by either high or low values and is more appropriate for
animals which may or may not contact a specific area where data were collected.
G:\wpdurW~~\boIdm-2\ni74.doc 7-7 1
17693405419Uuly 27.1999;5:16 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Finally, the analysis performed for this assessment did not account for site-specific factors such as natural
attenuation of PCOCs over time, adaptive tolerance, reproductive potential, the relatively small size of the
affected area, and recruitment &om similar adjoining areas. Such factors would tend to mitigate the
degree and ecological significance of loss or impairment of a portion of ecological population(s) due to
both chemical and physical stressors in the area. As a result, the approach used in this assessment
necessarily results in overestimation of risk.
Exposure
While aquatic insects and fish are restricted to relatively constant exposures from surface waters and
sediments, those for terrestrial receptors, with the exception of plants and earthworms are highly variable.
Birds and mammals have home ranges and forage ranges which would not restrict them to the worst case
exposures at the site, but it is difficult to estimate actual exposure raies. Although home and forage ranges
are available for each of the selected ROCs, these areas are usually given in square units such as hectares.
In a glacial valley such as the Railroad Creek drainage, animals are restricted to smaller ranges by the
topographical relief. Furthermore, migratory patterns probably also have an effect on the potential doses
received from ingestion within the Holden Mine area, and further up or down the valley. Quantification of
such ranges typically takes years of study and is beyond the scope of the present ERA. An attempt was
made to account for at least a portion of this uncertainty by using median exposure estimates in addition to
the worst case estimates.
An additional source of uncertainty associated with estimated exposures is a lack of knowledge concerning
the bioavailability of metals to either plants or from food items. There is a large literature which shows that
metals incorporated into either soils, minerals, or biological tissues are much less bioavailable than those
present as water-soluble salts. Since nearly all the bioassays used to construct the TRVs and criteria were
based upon the use of water-soluble salts, this source of uncertainty is most likely very conservative.
Animals such as deer may or may not be selective feeders at the Holden Mine site, and may.or may not
consume the plant species present on the tailings piles or Holden Village soils. Similarly, osprey could
possibly catch trout fiom Railroad Creek, but it is much more likely that they forage over the open waters of
Lake Chelan. Mink may or may not be present adjacent to Railroad Creek, but it is likely they would use
trout only as a supplement to the more abundant and more easily acquired small mammals which are
ubiquitous in the edge zone of clearings and forests.
Toxicity Benchmarks
Uncertainties regarding the screening toxicity benchmarks (National Ambient Water Quality Criteria, and
NOAA sediment quality guidelines) derive principally fiom the fact that they are conservative and
generic, protective of all species, including the most sensitive, rather than site-specific indicators of
potential risk to ecological receptors present at the Site. NAWQC are derived from the highest quality
and most applicable data that were available at the time of development. However, the physiology and
toxicology1pharmacology of COPCs, particularly in relation to the fish and wildlife taxa identified as
ROCs, is known only with some certainty. These differences are shown to some degree by the
differences beween the NAWQC and the site-specific TRVs for trout, for instance. This bias has an
unquantifiable, but likely large effect on risk estimates. This conservatively biased uncertainty cannot be
quantified, but incorporates both error and biological variation. The latter is likely the largest component
of uncertainty, because organisms have highly variable responses to toxicants, and extrapolation from
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17693-005019Vuly 27.1999:5:16 PMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

laboratory studies to field exposure estimates incorporates this conservatively biased uncertainty into the
risk estimates.
Assumptions regarding the protectiveness of aquatic life criteria and sediment screening guidance imparts
an unknown degree of conservative bias to the assessment because these criteria are intentionally derived to
incorporate "safety factors" or margins-of-safety. The level of conservative bias introduced by conclusions
based on these criteria is generally not quantifiable because both types of criteria are driven largely by
numbers of studies evaluated rather than a possibly more appropriate evaluation of actual results variability
and differential receptor sensitivities. An attempt has been made to reduce these sources of uncertainty by
incorporating surrogate-specific bioassay results and deriving guild-specific TRVs. In most cases it was
possible to focus on the specific guild to be protected (i.e.. aquatic insects and trout) at Holden Mine. and to
reduce the uncertainty associated with scaling for mammals. However, because of site-specific conditions.
both known and unknown, there is a degree of uncertainty associated with the TRVs, doses, and risk
estimated for all potential exposure pathways.
The use of the Long et al. (1995) sediment quality guidelines is an exception to this rule. They were used in
the present document without change because there are few areas of Railroad Creek where sediments
accumulate and because there is little sediment data in the published literature for most of the COCs. There
are a number of uncertainties associated with the use of the Long et al. (1995) ER-M and ER-L values:
The guideline values were derived from a number of different studies with different species
and different endpoints
The guidelines were derived in marine and estuarine waters where sediment communities
are well developed
The guideline values do not account for sulfide binding to metals
Because many of the different studies used by Long et al. (1995) were field studies, there is no unambiguous
way of knowing which chemicals in these sediments were actually responsible for the apparent adverse
effects. Furthermore, although the SEL guideline values for freshwater developed by Persaud et al. (1993)
are generally lower than the ER-M values of Long et al. (1995), the freshwater PAETs developed by
Ecology (1991) are higher than the ER-Ms for copper (1.3x), lead (2.2x), mercury (2.3~) and zinc (2.4~).
This adds credence to DiToro et al. (1991) conclusion that sediment quality guidelines that do not account
for sulfide binding are indefensible. This is particularly relevant to Holden Mine and Railroad Creek where
the source of the metals are sulfide ores which require strong acid digestion to enable measurement.
Simpson et al. (1998) have shown that pure copper and nickel sulfides are not digested by extraction in 1 M
HCL after 30 minutes, while cadmium, zinc, manganese and iron sulfides are digested by this treatment.
However, Long et al. (1995) rejected all sediment data in which strong acid was not used. Therefore, it is
important to note that pH in Railroad Creek ranges between about 5.5 and 7.8, a range where none of these
sulfide-bound metals would be bioavailable.
To date, no acceptable sediment quality criteria exist against which to compare concentrations of COPCs
to definitively evaluate potential risks (O'Connor et al., 1998; O'Connor, 1999). This is because the
cumulative uncertainties, inherent measurement errors, and differences between laboratory and in situ
conditions in current approaches (e.g., apparent effects thresholds, spiked sediment bioassays, equilibrium
partitioning) make them far too imprecise for regulatory use as more than very generally applicable
screening values. Recent efforts to base sediment quality criteria for nonionic organic chemicals on
O:\~rn\M)5~\boIdrn-2\n174.k
17693-005-01Wuly 27.1999;5:16 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
7-73 DAMES
& MOORE

equilibrium partitioning have been relatively more successful, as have partitioning between acid-volatile
sulfides (AVS) and TOC and the sediment pore water.
Models
Only the simplest of models were used in this ERA. They consisted of soil-to-plant uptake factors, pore
water-to-insect extrapolations, and soil-to-small mammal extrapolations. While the soil-to-plant factors are
based upon a number of studies, there are large interspecies differences in the efficiency with which metals
are taken up from soils. Some of the factors that drive these differences are: soil moisture. organic content
metal complex, and weather conditions. In addition, most plants only bioaccumulate metals in the roots and
pass very little on to the leaves, and less on to the seeds. This is not reflected in the soil-to-plant uptake
factors used.
The remaining extrapolations were based upon a single study and must be used with' caution. The
conditions in the original studies from which these were extrapolated may have been very different from the
conditions at Holden Mine. For instance, the Clark Fork River pore-waters used to extrapolate metals
concentrations in Railroad Creek insects may have had higher concentrations of dissolved organic matter
than Railroad Creek. They may also have had relatively high levels of acid-soluble sulfides. Both of these
factors could reduce the apparent bioavailability of metals to insects.
The extrapolation of soil-to small mammals relied on the only known database for this type of information,
but suffers fiom the same kinds of potential uncertainties as the soil-to-plant and pore water-to-insect
extrapolations.
Risk Characterization
It is important to note that no one approach to risk characterization is adequate for all sites and chemicals.
For instance, the toxicity benchmarks used in this assessment are all chemical-specific and, as such.
cannot address the additive, antagonistic, or synergistic effects of the mixtures of chemicals typically
found in the environment. Further, they do not rake into account the nature and constitution of the
ecosystem present at the Site, site-specific conditions regulating chemical contact and bioavailability, the
potential toxicity of other constituents that were not quantified, or the pervasive influence of physical
stressors associated with natural conditions in severe climates.
In the present ERA, risks were characterized using the quotient method. This method relies upon a single
value of dose and TRV and provides only a single estimate of risk. Given the uncertainties and variances
presented above, it is apparent that the hazard quotients could be in error. An attempt was made to reduce
this source of error by deriving site-specific TRVs. and overestimating exposures, but the quotient method
does not yield a measure of central tendency. Probabilistic methods provide such as measure of central
tendency but are only as good as the input data. For the purposes of the RI, the hazard quotients were
determined to provide sufficient conservatism as to protect the receptor guilds identified in this ERA.
In the present ERA, it was assumed that metals were the only and most serious sources of risk to plant and
animal populations. However, there is good evidence that physical factors may also contribute to adverse
effects on both plant and animal populations. For instance, it is known that tailings piles have limited
amounts of organic matter and nutrients and have small water holding capacities. In addition, severe winter
and summer weather conditions and cropping by herbivores make re-establishment of vegetation on these
G:\~U\ooS~\hoIdn,-2\n17-O-Odoc 7-74
17693M)3-019Uuly 27.1999;5:16 PM;DRAFT FINAL RJ REPORT

I
I
tailings piles difficult. Likewise, the presence of iron oxyhydroxide precipitates or "flocculent" in slow
moving reaches of Railroad Creek may suffocate invertebrates and developing fish eggs andlor alevins. The
precipitation of metals on creek sediments may also reduce the productivity of reaches of Railroad Creek
where cementation is found. It is also possible that the ecological effects found on invertebrate populations
may be explained by adverse effects on periphyton, food source of invertebrates, and unsuitable habitat
which could have implications for trout populations. This receptor was not addressed because of the lack of
available toxicity data and the probable lack of impact on selection of the appropriate remedial solution.
Leland et al. (1984) showed that the standing crop of periphyton was not reduced in an experimental stream
chronically exposed to copper, but that the species composition changed. The impact of this effect on
invertebrate and fish population is unknown.
Although it was assumed that flocculent may be a source of toxicity to benthic'invertebrates, the potential
toxicity of flocculent is not well understood. Most reports of flocculent suggest that it produces adverse
effects by suffocation, not toxicity. This conclusion is supported by the use of metals precipitation in
settling ponds as a method for reducing the toxicity of metals at mining sites. At the Warm Springs Ponds
near Butte, Montana, metals from Silverbow Creek are precipitated by additions of lime for pH adjustment
and the toxicity of Silver Bow Creek is substantially reduced. Metals are incorporated into flocculent which
settles out and is incorporated into the sediments in the ponds. Biological studies in the ponds revealed that
invertebrate density and diversity immediately downstream from the lime addition system ranked among the
highest found (ARC0 1997). This strongly suggests that metal precipitates such as flocculent are not toxic.
7.2.6 Conclusions
The ERA included a tiered risk characterization that included the evaluation of a list of species observed
on-site (using the guild approach), site-specific potential compounds of concern, and potential exposure
pathways.. The receptors of concern (ROC) evaluated included aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates,
plants, and animals. Specific ROC include: (I) Aquatic: Mink, Osprey, Trout, Dipper, Caddisfly, and
Periphyton, and (2) Terrestrial: Mink, Red-Tailed Hawk, Bat, Dusky Shrew, Earthworm, Deer Mouse,
Mule Deer, American Robin, and GrassesRorbes.
The risk characterization proceeded from the worst-case exposure scenario to more reasonable exposure
scenarios. The conclusions for potential risks to aquatic and terrestrial ROC are described below.
.7.2.6.1 Aquatic Exposure Pathway and Receptors of Concern
Hazard Quotients calculated in the risk characterization to aquatic ROC proceeded from the worst-case
exposure scenario, the water quality data from the South Bank of Railroad Creek, to the reasonable
exposure scenario, median water quality in the mainstream of Railroad Creek.
Trout
An intermediate potential risk for adverse effects (HQ>1 but

• Trout may possibly be at risk due to iron concentrations in surface water adjacent to the site
under a worst-case scenario; however, no risk was identified using the median mainstream
data.
• The combined results of the ERA and ecological survey suggest that reduced trout
population adjacent to the Site near RC-9 to downstream of tailings pile 3 is more
attributable to the lack of suitable habitat or food items due to the presence of flocculent,
although some potential risk for adverse effects due to dissolved metals was identified.
a HQs were less than or equal to 1 for all other metals for trout.
Benthic Invertebrates
a A metals toxicity risk to benthic invertebrates under the worst-case and reasonable
exposure scenarios in surface water of Railroad Creek does not exist.
• A small potential risk of adverse effects may be present for benthic invertebrates due to
metal concentrations (copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) in sediment from Railroad Creek
adjacent to and downstream of the site (HQs ranged from 1.0 to 3.0). Exceedances of
sediment quality guidelines have been shown to be unreliable predictors of toxic
conditions. However, bioassays conducted by Ecology (1997) did not show toxicity due to
metals concentrations in Railroad Creek sediment.
An intermediate potential risk of adverse effects to benthic invertebrates may be present
due to metal concentrations (arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, silver, and zinc) in flocculent
adjacent to the site in Railroad Creek. It should be noted that the bioavailability and
toxicity of metals in flocculent is unknown. Data from other mine sites suggest that
flocculent may not be toxic. The benthic macroinvertebrate community assessment
conducted during the RI within Railroad Creek, both upstream and downstream of site
influences, exhibited a wide range of conditions. The presence of flocculent on and in the
substrate in Railroad Creek from the lower portion of station RC-9 to downstream stations
(except RC-3) has influenced the substrate by infilling the interstitial spaces and coating the
surface of substrate which generally limits the establishment of periphyton. However, three
new genera of pollution sensitive organisms are present at RC-7 and RC-9 and are assumed
to be present due to the alteration in habitat. The benthic community at station RC-3
indicates recovering conditions. The combined results of the ERA and benthic community
evaluation suggest that the reduced benthic community adjacent to the Site near RC-9 to
downstream of tailings pile 2 (RC-7) is more attributable to the lack of suitable habitat due
to the presence of flocculent, although some potential risk for adverse effects from metal
flocculent concentrations was identified.
• Under a reasonable scenario condition, there is no risk due to metals toxicity to the birds or
mammals associated with aquatic habitat near the site.
7.2.6.2 Terrestrial Exposure Pathway and Receptors of Concern
Plants may experience toxicity from cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in Holden Village
surface soil and in the surface soils and subsurface soils of tailings piles 1, 2 and 3, the
lagoon and the maintenance yard; however, when compared to soil metals concentrations at
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17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999;5:26 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
7-76 DAMES & MOORE

other mine sites where plants &re successfully growing, only copper concentration in
subsurface soils, the lagoon, and maintenance yard may present a risk of phytotoxici~.
Earthworms may be at risk from cadmium. copper, lead andlor zinc in surface and
subsurface soils at Holden Village, tailings piles, dust, lagoon and the Maintenance Yard
under the worst-case scenario; however, suitable earthworm habitat may not exist due to the
physical qualities of the substrate at the sample locations.
Robins could be at risk from cadmium in the subsurface tailings, lagoon and maintenance
yard, and from zinc in the subsurface soils, tailings pile 3, the lagoon and the maintenance
yard, and from lead in the lagoon and maintenance yard based on the worst-case scenario.
However, under the reasonable scenario (median concentration), there was no risk from
cadmium or zinc. It is highly likely that the input parameters for the robin, overestimate the
actual exposure conditions because a risk was also shown for robins feeding on earthworms
exposed to background concentrations of cadmium and the exposure assessment does not
account for the robins relatively large forage range.
Under normally expected condition, there is no risk due to metals toxicity to mammals
associated with terrestrial habitat near Holden Mine.
~:\~~\00~~\holdn-2\ri\f4.d0~
17693405419Uuly 27.1999;5:16 PMPRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

TABLE 7.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES MEDIA SAMPLlNGlDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
I
Feature/Area
1500-Level Main Portal
1500-Level Ventilator Portal
1 100-Level Portal
1000-Level Portal
800-Level Portal
700-Level Portal .
550-Level Portal
300-Level Portal
Abandoned Septic Field
Abandoned Surface Water Ret.
Baseball FieldlCampground
Copper creek
Copper Creek Diversion
East Waste Rock Pile
Holden Village
Holden Village Septic Field
Honeymoon Heights
Hydroelectric Plant
Intermittent Drainage
Lagoon
Lucerne Bar
Lucerne Guard Station
Maintenance Yard
Mill Building
Mine Support and Waste Rock
Portal Museum
Sauna
Shop
Storage
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
USFS Guard Station
West Waste Rock Pile
Winston Home Sites
Geo~hvsical Survey Lines
A-A'
81-81'
82-82'
C-C'
D-D'
E-E'
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
N/A
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
H:\Holden\Drafl Final RI rpt\S-7Vlhra\Tables\mapkey7.xls
7120199
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
Honeymoon Heights
SE of Holden Vlllage
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Baseball Fieldlcampground
S. of Tailings Piles 1 8 2
W. of Tailings Pile 1
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Holden Village
SE of Winston Home Sites
Honeymoon Heights
W. of Tailings Pile 1
Honeymoon Heights
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Lucerne
Lucerne
Maintenance Yard
Mill Building
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support & Waste Rock
NW of Tailings Pile 1
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Tailings Pile 1
~ailin~s'pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
USFS Guard Station
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Winston Home Sites
E.0-3.0 Near southern boundary
D.7-3.0 Near western boundary
D.8-3.1
D.8-3.1
D.8-3.1
D.8-3.2
D.9-3.2
D.9-3.2 '
E.2-3.0
D.7-2.9
D.7-2.9. D.8-2.9
E.l-3.1, E.l-3.2, E.2-3.0.
E.3-3.1
E.O-3.0, E.l-3.0
E.l-3.0. E.l-3.1
E.l-2.9, E.2-2.9
D.9-2.9, E.0-2.9
D.7-3.0, 3.1, 3.2; D.8-3.0,
3.1, 3.2, 3.3; D.9-3.0, 3.1,
3.2, 3.3
E.0-3.0
D.8-3.0, D.8-3.1. D.8-3.2.
D.8-3.3
E.0-2.9. E.0-3.0
North of West Waste Rock Pile E.0-2.9, E.0-3.0
Tailings Pile 1 E.l-3.0
East-Waste Rock Pile E.l-3.1
Tailings Pile 2 E.3-3.0, E.3-3.1
Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0. E.4-3.1
East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0, E.5-3.1
Page 1 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.0-1 .
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
EM3-EM3
F-F
G-G'
Sample Locations
Groundwater Monitoring Wells
NIA Western Mine Support Area D.8-2.9. D.0-3.0. D.9-2.9,
D.9-3.0, E.O-2.9
NIA Western Mine Support Area D.6-3.0. 0.9-3.0. E.0-3.0.
E.l-3.0
NIA East of Tailings Pile 3 E.5-3.0. E.5-3.1
NIA North of Tailings Piles 2 8 3 E.4-3.0
NIA 0etween.Tailings Piles 1 8 2 E.2-3.0, E.2-3.1
HBKG-1
HBKG-2
CGBKG
H-1
H-2
HV-3lH-3
DS-1
DS-2
TP1-1A
TPl-2A
TP1-2L
TP1-3A
TP19L
TP1-4A
TP1-4L
, TP1-5A
TP1-6A
TP1-6L
PZ-1 A
PZ-1 B
PZ-1 C
PZ-2A
PZ-20
PZ-2C
PZ-3A
PZ-30
PZ9C
TP2-1 L
TP2-2L
TP2-4A
TP2-40
TP2-5A
TP2-50
TP2-6L
TP2-7NBS
TP2-8A
TP2-88
TP2-9L
TP2-IOL
TP2-11
TP2-11 L
TP3-4
H:\Holden\Drafl Final RI rpt\S_7\hhra\TabIes\mapkey7 xls
7/20/99
W. of Tailings Pile 1
E. of Baseball FieldICampgr.
SW Tailings Pile 2
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Eal of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
~ailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2 .
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Page 2 of 6
Potential background
Potential background
Background
Background
Downstream Wells:
Downstream Wells:
DAMES L MOORE

TABLE 7.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGmATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RIIFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
TP3-4L
TP3-5 A
TPMA
TP3-6BL
TP3-7
TP3-8
TP3-9
TP3-10
TP3-1 OL
PZ-4A
PZ-48
PZ-4C
PZ-SA
PZ-58
PZ-SC
PZdA
PZ-68
PZ-6C
Lucerne Well
DMSS-1
DMSS-2
DMSS-3
DMSS-4
DMSS-5
DMSS-6
DMSS-7
DMSS-8
DMSS-9
DMSS-10
DMSS-11
DMSS-12
DMSS-13
DMSS-14
DMSS-15
DMSS-16
DMSS-17
DMSS-18
DMSS-19
DMSS-20
DMSS-21
DMSS-22
DMSS-23
DMSS-24
DMSS-25
DMSS-26
DMSS-27
Lagoon 6
Lagoon 2'
DMLGl
DMLG2
DMLG3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Lucerne
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Holden Village
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Maintenance Yard
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
~akeball Field
wilderness Area
Wilderness Area
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
Lagoon
H:Wolden\DraR Final RI rpt\S_7\hhra\Tables\mapkey7.~ls
7/20/99 Page 3 of 6
Lucerne Guard Station
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Windblown tailings
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Surface soil
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeatureIArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate
Surface Water
DMLG4
DMLG5
DMBGl
DMBG2
DMBG3
DMBG4
DMBG5
DMBG6
DMBG7
DMBG8
DMBG9
DMBGlO
DMBGll
DMBG12
DMBG13
DMBG14
DMBGl5
DMBG16
DMBG17
DMBG18
DMBG19
DMTPI-2
DMTPI-3
DMTP1-4
DMTPIS-1
DMTP2-1
DMTP2-2
DMTPZS-1
DMTP3-1
DMTP3-2
DMTP3-3
DMTP3-4
DMTP3S-1
DMTP3E-1
DMTP3E-2
DMTP3E-3
DMTP3E-4
DMTP3E-5
DMTP3E-6
DMTPW-1
DMTPW-2
DMTPW-3
DMTPW-4
DMTPW-5
DMTPW-6
DMTPW-7
RC-1 Railroad Creek
RC-1 North Bank Railroad Creek
RC-1 South Bank Railroad Creek
RC-2 Railroad Creek
RC-2 South Bank Railroad Creek
Lagoon
Lagoon
Approximately 1-mile West of Site
Holden Creek Drainage
Between Holden Creek 8 Hart Lake
East of Hart Lake
Between Hart Lake 8 Crown Point
Lyman Lakes
West of Hart Lake
West of Holden Creek
West of Big Creek
Copper Basin
Southwest of Site
South of Site
Near South Site Boundary
Near Holden Creek
Near Holden Creek
West of Site Boundary
Near Winston Home Sites
Northeast of Site
North of Holden Village
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Piie 2
Tailings Piie 2
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Immed. east of Tailings Pile 3
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
Winston home sites
H:\Holden\DraR Final RI rpt\S-7\hhra\Tables\mapkey7.xls
7120199 Page 4 of 6
Comments
Subsurface soil sample
Subsurface soil sample
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Background surface soil
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit.excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
Test pit excavation
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGmATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Seeps
RC-3
RC-4
RC-4 South Bank
RC-5
RG5A
R C-6
RC-6 North Bank
RC-7
RC-8
RC-8 North Bank
RC-10
RC-11
CG1
CC-2
CC-D
CC-Dl
P-1
P-5
HG1
HC-2
HC-3
HC-4
Big-1
Tenmile Creek
A1
SP1
SP2
SP3
SP4
SP5
S P6
SP7
S P8
S P9
SPlOW
SPlOE
SP11
SP12
SP13
SP14
SP15w
SPl5E
SP16
SP17
SP18
SP19
SP20
SP21
SP22
SP23
SP23B
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Railroad Creek
Near Seven Mile Creek
Upstream of Holden Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
Copper Creek Diversion
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Mine Support 8 Waste Rock
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Holden Creek
Big Creek
Tenmile Creek
Honeymoon Heights
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 2
Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
West Waste Rock Pile
West Waste Rock Pile
East Waste Rock Pile
Between P-5 8 RC-4
River Sauna
River Sauna
West of Vehicle Bridge
West of P-5
South of Holden Village
Honeymoon Heights
North of West Waste Rock Pile
North of West Waste Rock Pile
Lagoon
East of Tailings Pile 3
East of Tailings Pile 3
Tailings Pile 1
Tailings Pile 1 (Near Copper Creek)
East of Tailings Pile 3
North of Maintenance Yard
Between RC-1 and P-5
Between RC-1 and P-5
H:\Holden\DraR Final RI rpt\S_7\hhra\Tables\mapkey7.~ls
7120199 Page 5 of 6
Portal Drainage11500 Main
Portal DrainagelRR Creek
-I,
D.B-3.1
1 100 Level Portal
E.l-3.0
E.2-3.0
E.3-3.0
E.4-3.0
E.5-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.l-3.0
D.9-2.9
E.l-2.9
E.l-2.9
E.0-2.9
0.9-3.0
E.l-2.9,3.0; E.2-2.9, 3.0 "Black Seep"
D.8-3.1
E.O-3.0
E.0-3.0
E.0-2.9
E.5-3.1
E.5-3.0
Bank sample
E.1-3.0
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.0-1
KEY OF SITE FEATURES 8 MEDIA SAMPLINGIDATA COLLECTION LOCATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
FeaturelArea or Media Station No. Location by Area Coordinate Comments
Sediment - Lake Chelan
USGS Select Sam~les
USBM Select Sam~les
SP24 West of RC-4 E.0-2.9
SP25 Between Vehicle Bridge 8 RC4 E.0-2.9
SP26 Between RG1 and RC6 0.7-2.9
SP-27 Near Big Creek D2
CGDl Copper Creek Diversion E.1-2.9
BKG l R
DG-1
TPI -2
TP2-1
TP2-2
TP3-1
RC-2
H:Wolden\DraR Final RI rpt\S-?V1hra\Tables\mapkey7.~ls
7/20/99
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
Stehekin
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA .
NIA .
NIA
Ten Mile Creek
E.6-2.9
Railroad Creek near RC-2
E.5-3.0
Copper Creek Diversion
E.1-3.0
Railroad Creek at Vehicle Bridge E.0-2.9
East of Tailings Pile 3
E.5-3.0
Nine Mile Creek
F-3
Railroad Creek near Seven Mile Creek F-3
Seven Mile Creek
F-3
Railroad Creek at Lucerene
NIA
Holden Creek
D-2
Railroad Creek West of Site
D-2
Railroad Creek at Mile Post 7 G-3
Downstream of Vehicle Bridge E.0-2.9
Downstream of Tailings Pile 3 E.6-3.0
Adjacent to Tailings Pile1 E.1-3.0
Downstream of Copper Creek E.2-3.0
Adjacent to Tailings Pile 2 E.3-3.0
Adjacent to Tailings Pile 3 E.4-3.0
At Railroad Creek RC-2 Station E.53.0
Page 6 of 6 DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.q-A
OFF-SITE SOIL CHEMICAL DATA
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405413
Data Notes:
J - Esumated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detect~on limit 1s an esllmated value.
Sampls collected at USFS guardstation, west of Holden V~llage area.
No stat~stical analys~s prepared for thls data table
,,.,,,.,. Gw.. . . . . . . . . . ..... . .

'
TABLE 7.18
STATISTICAL ANALYSJS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE SML CHEMICAL DATA AT HOLDEN VILLAGE
HOLOEN MINE RYFS
DAMES h MOORE JOB NO. 1769MOM19
Parametars
Metals fmaRqJ
ALnim
Data Notes:
J - Esdmaled Mk.
U - Parsmeter a s amtyzed fa. tul ml detected above the qmng Ern1 shov.n
UJ - Parnnuler was anatyzed fa. tul mt detected Detecbon Iml Is an esbmated vah.
.:. >. . . . . . .*. . . Wcates the caramsum of s ~ yae s not estaashed. merefae MI repated na amatwed.
z&$ym$
Location
SmpleID
Sample Oale
HV-1A
611i94 '
21.400
HV-2A
811104'
18.400
HV3A
Wlm'
21.600
HV4A
611104'
22.500
HV-51
811194.
15.300
HV4A
811104'
25.100
mta Source:
(a) Laam. R.H. Tranvrillal of laboralory data from sarrprer cokcted at Holden Mlne site by Ow US Bueau of Mlms.
HV-7
11/94.
10.100
HOLDEN VILLAGE AREA
DMSS-1
9l2W97
19.100
DMSS-2
St20197
16.800
DMSS-3
812Wg7
23.500
OMSS*
VIM197
16.237
DMSS-5
912OS7
17.900
DMSS4
9 M 7
25.900
DMSS4X
9120187
26.300
DMSS-7
. 91M197
15.500

TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE SOIL CHEMKAL DATA AT HOLDEN VILLAGE
HDWEN MINE RWS
DAMES L MOORE JOB NO 1769.UJM-0IB
Stat~stical Notn [Stabscai calcldabaa were performed vwng Washnglm Deparbnenl ol Ecologfs MTCAStsl ExcdV 5 Mauo (Mo* 2 1) maded from bar web slle )
Mamwn and mnm cmcemnons are based m dnmed vahs on'i
Range ol repcdng mls (RL) are based m resllb rwed as mt detected
BsmbllOm a detcmined based m me MTCA slat proprn by anatynng me data Om* he W-TeC or O Wrm s tesr W e data Is not bgnmnaky nu m
When apponmate dsMM~m 1s repated as "ne18w- he mamnm cmcenI~abm IS reported as me 95% UCL and IS presented m BOLD fm
k y 6 m e d fhe Smbubm is mled as "Namer-
The mean 1s an snOmebc mean it data are normaw dmbuled M 17 6sbIbubm Is lndcaled as Nnma' The reported man for lognrmaly dlmbuled data IS a lqFvamal mean
SQEsbcal anatps was not petfamed m data s e a -ma- and mnmm cwentsDons are repwted 11 amcam
Fa hese data sea a calnlated medan~s based m detectedvaks d y
Page 2 01 2

TABLE 7.14
STAnSTlCAL EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE TAILING METAL CONCENTRAnONS
HMDEN MINE W S
DAMES L MOORE JOB NO. 1769MOS-019
-
Parameten
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Cadmium
J . Esbmaled value
U - Parameler was analyzed for but not delded above me nponlnp llmlt show
UJ - Paramet- was snalyzed lor but m( deleded Detecbon l~mn IS an emmaled value
~ ~ mdtcates the mncenbabon of ~ anal@ was MI estatabl~shed, therefore ~ nol nponed nu analyzed ~ j U ~
(a) KiIbum, el d. 1994 GeahenMf dala and san@ IocaMy maps lor sbmmrebnmnf, heaby.nineralcoll~snl~fe, nu# farling, wafer. and predpi(aht sa@s ccQeded
in and amnd the H e n nina. Chelan Counfy. Washicgt~. USGS Open F~le ReW 948BQ.4 Paper Version. 946808 Diskene version (Data Cdlsded in 1994).
(b) Lambem. R.H. 1995. Transmmat of labaatny data horn samples cdleded at Holden Mine site by me US Bureau of Mines. (Data colleded in 1995)
(C) Kilbum. J.E. h S.J Sutley. 1998. Characferizafmn of acid mine drainage at fhe HoMen nim. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Repotl95531 (Data mlleded in 1995)
H:WoMen\Drafl find ri rpl\S-TV(hra\Tables\7-lc xls
7 m
Location
Sample ID
Sample D&
HTl-ZA
~1194.
5.280
5.5
561
009
0.95
HTl-28
611n4'
5.410
5.8
450
0.08
1.3
MJT
7195 *
39.m
3.2
860
1 U
0.14
UUT
7195 '
32.000
6.5
790 I
1 U
0 OeU
Page 1 of 5
SURFACE TAILINGS (TP-I)
MSTA
7195 '
37.MX)
3.1
780
1 U
0.08U
SOST8
7195 '
37.000
2.6
850
lu
0 OeU
DMSS-11
9120197
8.220
3 3
395
0 2U
0 50
DMSS-12
9nm7
8.7W
4
394
0 1
0 60
DMSS-13
onom7
7,350
5
375
0 2U
0 4U

TABLE 7.1C
STATISTICAL NALUAnON AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE TAILING METAL CONCENTRATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 1769MOM19
&Wk&Mes (Slahwcsl calwlatlons were pelfamed uwnp Wastagton Dspabnent of Emlogy s MTCAStat bcel V 5 Mam (Module 2 1) downloadd horn meor web me )
Manmum and mtmmum concentrailms are based m detected values only
Ranee ol repomng h m (RL) are based on r e d reporled as not dstecled
hmbmn u detemned based on me MTCA stat program by analynng the data thmugh me W Test* or 'WAgosbds Lasr Whsre dala IS no( lo~nwmaiiy nor normally dldnbuted the dasInbubon 8s notad as 'Ne~meT
When apponmSIe ddlsMuImn IS repled as 'norther' Ule maamum wmntralmn IS reponed as the 95% UCL and IS pssenled m BOLD font
The mean 0% an amhmebc mean I( data are normany dlsmbuled or d d~smhRlm u mdealed as 'Neimer The repatad mean for lognormany dumbuted data 8s a lognormal mean
S~sllcaI analyws was not Wormed on data sets where 50% or greater of me resdls were reporled as mt dneded Only manmum and m m m uncentrabons are repled d appl8cable
Fa mere dam sets a calculated rnedlan IS based m detected vahres only

TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE TAILING METAL CONCENTRAnONS
HOUIEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17691.005419
J - Elbmated value.
U - Panmsta was analyzed tor bul nol deleded tor. bul nol detected above lhe repom llml shmm
W - Parameter was analyzed fa. bul MI dehMed Oetedm llmll IS an esmaled vahm
?--..
~ndtcales lhe ~ n ~ ld ranalyte m was not estabhshed. menfore not nported nor snaked
ShUIhcll (Stahwcal calnhkwx w m parformed usmg WasItmgton Oepammnl d E dwy s MTCAStal Excel V 5 M am (Module 2 1) dmvnlnaded han mar m b slle )
Manmum and m mum mncems an based on deledad values only
Range ol mporQng lunlk (RL) are based on results repotted as not detected
Lkslnbulnn IS ddemmed based on h e MTUI stat prcgram by analyz~np me dala mmgh me W-Tesr or 'DAgos!mo s tesr Mere dala IS not loprurmdly n u normally dlsmbuted me dalnbtilton IS noled as .Nesmer
apProxMBIe dambubon Is repotted as 'nerthec. ltm mamum concanhaon 1s repotted as ma 95% UCL and a pre- In B MD font
The mean IS an mUmmW mean It dala an norrnaiiy d~slnbuled or 1 d ~stnbm IS mdtcated as 'New The repoRed mean tor bgnonnally daswed data m a lopmmal mean
SPLISW aMIys1s a s not pefionned on data sew *here SO?& or preata d me resulk were reported as no1 deleded Only maxmum and mmmum mncentratlons are @ed d apphcable
Fm mess data sets a c&ulated medtan IS based on detected values only

TABLE 7.1-C
STATISTICAL EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE TAILING METAL CONCENTRATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES a MOORE JOB NO. 1769MD5019
J - Estimated value
U - Panmeter was anafned for but not detected (or. bul not detected abovs lhe reoor(imr . - limn Ihnm
UJ - Pgsmeter was analyzed for. but ml deteded Doledion limit is an eslimated value.
imes he mncenbllim of anayte was not aslablimed. thdrafors no1 reported nor analyted
mix
(Stal~~l calculabons wem psttomwd uwng Washrnglon Department ol Ecology s MTCASlal Ex& V 5 Maw (Module 2 I) -loaded
Mamum and rnuanum mncsntnbons are based on darned values only
horn meor rreb me )
Range of repom hmlt. (RL) are based on results w e d as not detected
01SLntulm s delemed based on lho MTCA stat pmOram by snalpmg me data lhmuph me WTeC or 'D Aposbno s lest- Where dab IS MI lognmany nor normah dlsmbuted thd dlsmbUmn IS noted as 'Netther
Wwn awunma(e &slnbubon IS reported as 'neNnf ma maurnurn conCentrahMI IS reporled as lho 95% VCL and IS presented h BOLD font
The mean 1s an m e b c man d data am nmnally d~strmuled or d dumbulun IS mdtcaled as 'Namer The reporlad mean for bgna?~Ily d~smbuled dam m a loqrormal mean
Slal~sl~~l anaiysls a s not Wormed on data seu where 50% a greater of me resultr were repotted as not detected Only marmum and m
For mese data set, a calculated rnedlan u based m detected values only
u m ancsnbltnons are reported d applmble
H:IHotden\hall final ri rplS-Miwa\Tables\7-1-c As
7 m
Page 4 of 5

TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE TAILING METAL CONCENTRATIONS
HOWEN MINE RWS
OAMES MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
(a) Wbum, el al 1994. Geahenical dala andsample laaw maps lor slreamse&mnl, heayrrr'mralconcsntrafe. rWIsdiw, wahn. andprenpilale samplas coasdsd
m and am& the ridden m'm. &fan Counly. Washinglon. USGS Opan File Report 9C880A Paper Vmh. 94-8808 Diskate mion (Oat. CoOedad in 1895)
94-m~ arkate -. (om cdleded in 1894).
(b) Lambem R ti 1995 TransnuUal ol bbomwy data horn samples deded al tiwn Mme Me by me US Bumau of MIM~ (Data cdleded m 1894)
(c) )(llbYm J E h S J Sutley 1996 Charadenzaba ol md nuno dmvnaqe el Ihs HoMen mne Wan Washtngfon USGS Open Fib Report 96531 (Oat. deded m I9951
. .
St.brbs.l: (Slatiatirical calculatiars perlmned usinp Wrhington Deparhnent of Ec~l~~fs MTUSM &cat V 5 Marm (Module 2.1). moaded from llmif web wte )
Mainnan and minimum anesntnlions are based on delecmd rabas only.
Rape ol re- Emits (RL) am based on r e d repaled as not deledad.
Dirtributan is detsnnd based on lm MTCA prowam by anam the data lhmugh me W-TEST or Q'Aposmo'r tesr. Whas data u ml lcmomalty mr m a O y dxmmutsd, me d~slnbutiin is notad as -NeithsT
Wwn -hate diMbution is rspoRed as 'nsimer, lhe maximum mmtnwn is Rpated as lm 95% VU and b presented in BOLO lont
The man is an arimmetic mean il dala are maOy distribvled w il dirbibuhor is indluied es 'NstUef. Ths rsponed maan la 1- dzsbihded dala is a IoQnorml mean.
Statistical amlyri was ml perlamed on dat. setr hem 50% w grsaler of me resuns were repmled as no1 detsded. Ordy maxinn.m and minimum anccntratMs are repmed. 1 applimble
Fcd these data sets. a catahled median is based on deledad vahres only
H:Wddan\DRff final ri rpP.S-7Whn\Tables\7-1-c dr
7ml99

TABLE 7.14
COMPARISON OF SEDIMENTARY TOTAL METAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(BASED ON SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 1991-1997)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES & WORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection ltmit is an estimated value.
~~@~&&-$j#.~
>:s:
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . indicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochem~cal data and sample locality maps lor sfream-sediment, heavy-mineralconcentmfe, mill tarlinp, wafer, and pmrprlate samples cdlecfed
in and around the HoMen mine. Chelan County. WaShinpl~. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994)
(b) Lambeth. R.H. 1995. Transmittal of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden Mine site by the US Bureau of Mines.
(c) Johnson. A,. el al 1997 Effects of Holden Mine on the Wafer. Sediments and Benthic tnveriebrafes of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996)
Statistical Notes: (Slatisical calculations were performed using Washington Departmerit of ~cology's MTCAStit Excel V.5 Macro (Module 2.1). downloaded from their web site )
Madmum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only.
Range of reporting limits (RL) are based on resuns reported as not detected.
Distribution is determined based on the MTCA stat prcgram by analyzing the data through the W-Ted' or D'Agostino's test. Where data is not lognormally nor normally d~stributed, the distr~but~on is noted as -lJedhef
When approximate distribution is reported as 'neithef. the madmum concentration is reported as the 95% UCL and is prented in BOLD font.
If UCL is reported in brackets (UCL}. this indicates that the calculated result from MTCAStat was reported to be unusually high Therefore. the calculated 95% UCL IS suspect.
The mean is an arithmetic mean if data are normally distributed or tfdistnbution is indicated as 'Neither. The reported mean for lognormally distributed data is a lognormal mean
Statistical analysis was not performed on data sets where 50% or greater of the resuits were reported as not detected Only maximum and minimum concentrations are reported, d applicable
For these data sets, a calculated median is based on detected values only.
Page i of 5

TABLE 7.14
COMPARISON OF SEDIMENTARY TOTAL METAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(BASED ON SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 1991-1997)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES a MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005019
Parameters
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed tor but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
....rrrr. . r.. ;., . *., .
~ ; j . ~ ~ indicates g the ~ concentration g < of analyte was not established. therefore not reported nor analyzed
Data Source:
(a) Kilbum, et al. 1994 Geochemical data and sample locahty maps lor stream-sediment, heavy-mineralconcentrate, mrll tarlmg, water, and precipitate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washington USGS Open F~le Report 94- Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette verslon (Data Collected in 1994)
(b) Lambeth. R.H 1995. Transmitlal of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden Mine slte by the US Bureau d Mines
(c) Johnson. A,. el al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Walw Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan)
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47.1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data cullected in Spring and Fall 19%).
H WoldenMaR final ri rptS-7Whra\Tables\7-1d.xls
7Q0/99 Page 2 of 5

7
TABLE 7.14)
COMPARISON OF SEDIMENTARY TOTAL METAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(BASED ON SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 1991-1997)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Statistical Notes: (Statisical calculations were performed using Washington Department of Ecology's MTCAStat Excel V.5 Macro (Module 2 I), downloaded from their web sne )
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only.
Range of reporting limlts (RL) are based on resuns reported as not detected.
Distribution is determined based on the MTCA stat program by analyzing the data through the -W-Test' or D'Agostino's test. Where data is not lognormally nor normally distributed. the distribution is noted as 'N
When approximate distribution is reported as 'neither, the maximum concentration is reported as the 95% UCL and is presented in BOLD font
If UCL is reported in brackets (UCL), th~s indicates that the calculated resun from MTCAStat was reported to be unusually high. Therefore. the calculated 95% UCL n suspect
The mean is an arithmetic mean if data are normally distnbuted or if distnbution is indicated as 'Neither. The reported mean for lognormally distributed data is a lognormal mean
Statistical analysis was not performed on data sets where 50% or greater of the results were reported as not detected Only maximum and minimum concentrations are reported, if applicable
For these data sets. a calculated median a based on detected values only.
H:Wolden\DraR final ri rpt\S_7\Hhra\Tables\7-ld.xls
7r20199

H:Wolden\Drafl final ri rpt\S-7\Hhra\Tables\7-1-d xls
712Of99
TABLE 7.10
COMPARISON OF SEDIMENTARY TOTAL METAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(BASED ON SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 1991-1997)
HOLDEN MINE RlFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 11693405419
Parameters
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting limit shown
ot detected Detection llmlt IS an estimated value
lndlcates the concentration of analyte was not establtshed, therefore not reported nor analyzed
Data Source:
(a) Kilbum, et al. ,1994 Gemhemica1 dala and sample locabfy maps fci stream-sediment, heavy-m~neralconcentrate, m~ll farling, water, and precipilate samples collec
in and arwnd Ihe Holden mine. Chelan Counfy. Washinglon USGS Open Flle Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94.6808 Diskene verslon (Data Collected in 1994)
(b) Lambeth. R.H 1995 Transmittal of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden Mine sde by the US Bureau of Mines
(c) Johnson. A,. et al. 1997. Effecls of Holden Mine on the Wafer, Sedimenls and Benthic Inverlcbmfes of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan)
- Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020 Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996)
Page 4 of 5

-hluo sanlm pawpp uo paseq s! ue!paw paleln3lw e 'sps elep asam ~ o j
alqe3!ldde j! 'pavoda~ aJe suo!le~iw~uoo wnlu!u!w pue wnwpew AIUO 'pawlap IOU se pa ma^ awm sunsal aq1 JO law6 JO saw slas eiep uo pauopad lou sea s!sAleue ~w!)s!yeg
-ueaw lelu1ou6ol e s! etep papqup!p h~leuoutbl loj ueaw pavoda~ aql .yaWaN. se pa)e3!pu! s! uo!pqulqp )l lo papqup~p Alleuuou ale elep y ueaw ogauqlue ue s! uealu aql
'wdsns s! i3n %s6 pateln3le3 aqi 'alojaJaql 464 Allensnun aq 01 pavoda~ SPA legwlw woy Unsal paleln3le3 a41 WA sate3!pu! s!ql '( 73n) slayaelq u! pavoda~ s! 1 3 I
luoj 0108 u! paluasald s! pue 13n % ~6 aq) se pavodal s! uo!ierlua3uo3 wnwpew aql 'jaqpau. se pavodal s! uqpqyy;!p alourgoldde w q ~
N. se paiou s! uo!pq!~is!p aql 'palnquls!p Allew~ou IOU Alleuuoutb~ tou SI elep amqM tsa) s,ou!~soBv,a 10 .lsak~. a41 ~6n0141 eiep a41 Buweue Aq we1801d leis m1w aul uo paseq pau!uapp s! uo!pqup~
pawpp mu se pavoda~ sun= uo paseq ale (1~) sp~~!l Bu!voda lo atlue~
{.avs qam ~!aql woy papeolumop '(t-z appoa) olaey( S'A 1-
'Aluo sanla pawpp uo paseq ale suo!leJ(ua3uor, wnlu!u!w pue wnwpew
lesfllw s.AfMlo33 JO luawvedaa uol&!qse~ 6u!sn pauuopad a~am suo!le{mle:, le3!s!lelS) :WON l e a ~ ~ q s
6LVHlVC69LL 'ON 90r 3YOW O S M a
SjllM 3NM N3alOH
(L66b-L66b WOYJ a31331703 S3ldWVS NO a3~V9)
X33MR13 QVOMlIW WMJ SNOllWlN33N03 lVUW 1VlOl AYVlN3W103S JO NOSlMVdHO3
QL'L 3l9Vl

TABLE 7.14
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATtST ICAL ANALYSIS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019 TABLE 7.1s
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
' Parameters
Total Metals (uaR)
Aluminum
Arsenic
Holden Creek
1014l97
40U
0 54
HC-1
Yl(ga
BOU
0 52
Data Notes:
U - Parameter was analyzed tor, but not detected above the reporting limn shown.
J - Estimated Value
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
indicates that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented
. . .,.,. . . . :. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,::;;;:>;:Na . . . ,@: ..>;: :.: .;.;:,
...
. . . . . . .,. ;. - ,. ... Indicates that this value was not included in the statistical analysis
Blank Cell Indicates that the data was POI available for thin parameter
1
Data Source: I
(a) Walters. el al. 1992. HoMen Mine Reclamation Prolecf Final Rem. Pacfic Northwesf Laboratories.Richland. 'NA. (Data conected in 1991).
' i;
(b) Kilburn, et al. 1994 Geochemical data and sample laaldy maps for streamsediment, heavy-mineralconc,entrate, mill tailirig, water. and preciprtate samples colkded
in and around the HoMen mine. Chetan Counfy. Washingfon. USGS Open File Report 94680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Cltskette version (Data M~~ected in 1994).
(c) Anderson. K&h A. (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden Mine Sie.
DAMES 6 MOORE RI DATA
HC4
Big-1
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization d acid mine drainage at the HoMen mine: Chebn. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96531. (Data collected in 1995).
(e) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S J Sutley. 1997. Amlyiical resulfs and comparative overview d geahemml studies conducted at the HoMen Mine'. spring 1996
HG2
4130198
240
0.65
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(0 Kllbum. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(g) Johnson. A,. et al 1997 Effects d Holden M~ne on the Water. St?dimenfs and Benthic tnverlebrales d Rarlroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Se~'ces Program. Water Body No WA-47-1020. Publication No. 37-330 (data coilected in Spring and Fall 1996)
Page 1 of 5
HC-3
4130198
70U
0.78
6130198
MU
1.33
512198
3OU
0 33
CC1
5/23/97
20U
CC-1
711 1/97
40
C M
911M7
20
CC-1
512198
lOOJ
30
0 04U
0.14
564 .
004U 0.04U
. I
I
TenMile Creek
911 6197

H Wolden\draR hnal rirpt\S-i\HhraUables\ 7-l-e.x(s
i120199
TABLE 7.14
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
HOUIEN MINE RllFS
DAMES L MOORE JOB NO. 17693405.019
Data Notes:
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting limit slim.
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. lxl not detected. Detection limil is an estimated value.
indicates that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented.
Indicates that this value was not included in the statistical analysis
Indites that the data was not available for this parameter
Data Source:
(a) Walters, el al. 1992. Hofden Mine Rectamalion Project Final Report. Pacific Northwest Laboratmies.Riland. WA. (Data collected in 1991).
(b) Kilbum. et al. 1994 Geochemical data and sample localrty maps for stream-sediment, heavy-mine~alcontent~fe~ mill tailing, water. and precipitate samples collected
in and amund the HoMen mine. Chelan Counly. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94680A Paper Version. 94-5808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(c) Anderson. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Comp~latiin of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden Mine Sie.
(d) Kilbum. J.E 8 S. J. Sutley. 1996. Charact&afion of acid mine drainage at Ihe Holden mine. chela^ Wa-nington . USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(e) Kilburn. J E. 8 S. J:Sutley. 1997. Am&ticalresuRs and wmparalive ovemiew of peahemica1 studies conducted at the Holden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(0 Kilburn. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in all 1996).
(g) Johnson. A.. et al. 1997. Effects d HoMen Mine on the Water. Sediments and Eenfhic lnverlebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chehn).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Bcdy No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data mllected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 2 of 5
TABLE 7.14
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

H.Wolden\drafl final rirpt\S-7WhraUables 7-1-e.xk
7R0199
TABLE 7.14
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
HOLOEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 1769UW5-019
Dab Notes:
Parameters
U - Parameter was analyzed tor. but not detected abow the reporting limil shown
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
*
....
indicates
:.,
that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented.
........: . . . . . .... . . . _ . . . . . .............., . . . . . . . . . . . ,>g.s:;s:~wi"*2~.::
. . . . . . , . . . ........ ;y

H.Wolden\drafl hnal nrpt\S_7WhraUabIes\ 7-1-e xis
7120199
TABLE 7.1-E
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES a MooRE JOB NO. 17693405419 TABLE 7.1-E
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Data Notes:
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting limn shown. ,
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but nct detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
indicates that highest value from range of replicated samples were represented.
. ....................... . .... . ................. . . . ...... Indites that thii value was not included in the statistical analysis
Bbnk Cell Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter
Data Source:
(a) Walters. et al. 1992. Holden Mine Reclamation Pn?ject Final Report. Pacific Northwest Laboratories.Richland. WA. (Data collected in 1991).
(b) Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample localrty maps for stream-sediment. heavymineral2~te. mill tailing. water. and preciprfate samples collected
;n and amnd the Hdden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94680A Paper Vmian. 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(c) Andersan. Keith A. (USFS Chebn Ranger Oidrict). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden Mine Site.
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Charactmiation of acid mine drainage at the Holden mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96531. (Data collected in 1995).
[e) Kllburn. J.E. 8 S. J. Sutley. 1997. Analytical resuns and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at Ihe Holden Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data coUected in Spring 1996).
(0 Kilburn. J.E 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached. data conecled in FaU 1996).
(g) Johnson. A . et al. 1997. Effects of HoMen Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic lnverlebrates of Railroad Cr& (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996)
Page 4 d S

TABLE 7.1-E
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
HOLDEN MINE W S
DAMES L MOORE JOB NO. 1769J-MHQ19
STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS
Parameters
Pl of
Analyses Detections
Maximum
Conc.
Minimum
Conc.
Range of RL
Approximate
Distribution
Mean
Standard
Deviation
Median
90th
Percentile
Total Metals (udLJ
Aluminum 41 26 240 13 20-140 Lognormal 86.1 58 9 65 144
Arsenic 25 24 2 0 14 0.04 Normal 0.87 0.415 0.83 1.44
Barium 39 39 7.09 3 None Lognormal 4.8 0.97 4.8 6 24
Beryll~um
Cadmium
32
40
0
3
NA
0.05
NA
0.04
0.04- 02
0.02 - 0 2
NA
Non-Parametric
NA
0.047
NA
0.006 ,
NA
0.05
NA
0 10
Calcium 39 39 10200 2410 None Lognormal 4589 1659 4020 6814
Chromium 31 2 0.3 0.3 0.2-10 Non-Parametric 0.3 0 0.3 0 46
copper 33 24 4 0.3 0.5-1.2 Lognormal 1.1 0 936 0.9 1.83
Iron 41 36 230 30 20 Lognormal 110 44.5 100 177
Lead 33 16 4.8 0.054 0.2-0.4 Non-Parametric 0 46 116 0.1295 0 3
Magnesium 38 38 760 240 None Lognormal 443 ' 1445 360 647
Manganese 39 39 6.8 0.22 None Normal 2.95 1 59 2.96 5.06
Mercury 11 4 0.00064 0.000032 0.001-0.1 Lognormal 0.00046 0.00014 0 000425 0 00066
Molybdenum 21 21 0.98 0.35 None Lcgnormal 0.57 ' 0.154 0.53 0.79
Nickel 31 25 0.5 0 2 0.2 . Non-Parametric 0.3 0.08 0 3 0 4
Potassium 38 11 810 510 500 Lognormal 652 96.7 630 672
Selenrum 10 0 NA NA 0 2-1 N A NA NA N A NA
Silver 38 2 0.15 0.12 0.04-0.2 Non-Parametric 0 135 0.021 0.135 0.1
Sodium 39 35 1140 490 540-840 Lognormal 767 196.7 730 1034
Thallium
Uranium
14
8
0
1
NA
0.06
NA
0.06
0.04-1
0 04 -
NA
Non-Parametnc
NA
0.06
NA
NA
NA
0 06
NA
NA
Zinc 41 11 11 3 4-10 Non-Parametric 5 2 2.1 5 5
Dissolved Metals (uqRI
Aluminum 43 22 60 7.4 20 - 40 Lognormal 29 . 12.2 30 37.4
Arsenic 19 19 1 0.13 None Normal 0.565 0.242 0 52 0.9
Barium
Beryllium
42
34
42
0
24.3
NA
3 42
NA
None
0.04 - 04
Non-Parametric
NA
8.22
NA
5.9
NA
5
N A
17.5
NA
Cadmium 41 11 0.09 0.02 0.04 -07 Lognormal 0.061 0.021 0.06 0 07
Cakium 42 41 10600 2310 6000 Lognormal 4564 1653 3990 6703
Chromium 34 0 NA NA 02 -10 NA NA NA NA NA
Copper 32 31 1.1 0.2 1.2 Lognormal 0.64 0.26 0.6 1.06
Iron
Lead
40
35
23
12
91
1.8
20
0018
20
0.011 - 09
Non-Parametric
Lognormal
37.87
0602
14.3
0505
40
0.25
40
0 54
Magnesium 40 40 790 230 None Lognormal 417 151 355 626
Manganese 39 36 3.17 0.13 0.13-0.29 Normal 1.507 0.677 1.625 2.42
Mercury . 10 4 O.MH333 000003 0.1 Non-Parametric 0.00024 0.00014 0000295 005
Molybdenum 24 24 1.02 0 3 None Lognormal 0 56 0.16 0 5 0 78
Nickel
Potassium
32
39
20
9
0.6
780
0 2
500
0.2
200 - 500
Lognormal
Non-Parametric
0.28
631
0.11
95
0.21
650
0.39
660
Selenium 10 0 NA NA 02- 1 NA NA NA NA NA
Silver 41 0 NA NA 0 04 NA NA NA NA NA
Sodium 41 34 1280 300 560-1000 Lognormal 759 237 675 1078
Thallium 17 0 NA NA 0.04-4 NA NA NA NA NA
Uranium 11 1 0.06 006 0.04-0.4 Nm-Parametric 0.06 NA 0.06 0.172
Zinc 44 15 16 0.85 4 Lognormal 7.184 4.203 5 7.81
Statistical Notes: (Statistical calculations were performed using Washington Department of Ecology's MTCAStat &el V.5 Macro (Background Module 2 1). downloaded from their web site.)
Ma?imum and minimum concentrations are based on detected mlues only.
Range of reporting ltrnds (RL) are based on resuns reported as not detected. I
Chstribution is determined based on the MTCA stat program by analyzing the data through the "Distribution Decision Probability Plot". Where data is not lognormally nor normally distributed, the distribution is noted as 'Non-parametric'. i
The mean is an arithmetic mean if data are normally distributed or if d'istributim is indited as 'non-parametric-. The reported mean for lognormally distributed data is a lognormal mean.
NA indicates that the data set contained too many results reported as not detected lo perform astatistical analysis for background concentrations.
Page 5 of 5
TABLE 7.1s
SURFACE WATER AREA BACKGROUND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

TABLE 7.1-F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(DATA COLLECTED FROM STATION RC-2 AOJACEM TO SITE. 1991 - 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES A MOORE JOB NO. 176!3&WS-019
Parameters
Data Notes:
U - Panmeter was analyzed for. but not detected above the repomng limit shown.
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parametu was analyzed for. bul not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
range ol replrated samples mn reprtsented
d~caies chat the data was not available tor tha parameter
BATTELLE WAER QUALITY MONITORING DATA 1991 a
Data Source:
(a) Walters, et al. 1992. Wen Mine Reclamah m t Final Re@. Pacif~c Northwest Laboratories.Richland. WA. (Data wilected in 1991).
(b) Kilburn. d al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample kality mps fu sbeam~ediment, heavymibfrate. mi# tailing. wwaler. and precipitate samples cdleckd
in and around Ihe Holden mine. Chdan County. Washinglon USGS Open File Repod 94-680A Pap- Version. 94-6808 Diskette vmion (Data Col!ected in 1994).
(c) Anderson. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Rangn Districl). Campilabon of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Hofden Mine Site.
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996 Characlernahn ddki mine dninage at the Holden mine, Chdan. Washrnglon. USGS Open File Report 98531. (Data collected in 1995).
(e) Kilburn. J.E. .S S.J. Sutley. 1997. Anafy?icalresults and comparative overview dgeochemical studies conducted at the Hdden Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open File Repon 97.128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(0 Kilburn. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1997. Prdiinary data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(g) Johnwm. A. et al 1997. Effects of M e n Mine on the Water. Sedimentt and Benthic tnvertehles dRarboad Creek (Lake Chekn).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47.1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring am Fall 1996).
Page 1 ol 7
USFS WATER QU
TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RC-2 (AOJACENT TO SITE)

TABLE T.1-F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(DATA COLLECTED FROM STATION RC-2 ADJACENT TO SITE. 1991 - 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES .4 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
Parameters
Data Notes:
U . Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the repacing limit shown.
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
indmtes mat highest value from range ol replicafed ampln vcre reprerenttd.
i~~~~~~~~~ .:-:.:.:.,., .A. ,. . Indicates mat the data was not available for mis
>.,.
Dala Source:
(a) Wallen. et al. 1992. Hdden Mine Reclamation lkpct Final Re@. Pacif~ Northwest Laboratories,Rihland, WA. (Data collected in 1991).
(b) Kilbum. et al. 1994, Geochemical data and sample Wrty maps la skamediment heavy-mineralcweniralr. miU tailing. waler, and precrprtale sampks collecled
in end ~ u nthe d Holden mine. Chelan County. WashinglM. USGS Open Ale Repon 94680A Paper Version. 94-BB08 Diskette mion (Data tollected in 1994).
(c) Andem. Kerth A (USFS Chelan Rangu DEbiclh tomp~labon ol Data for Preliminary Aswsment ol me Holdm Mine Ste.
(d)-~ilburn. J.E L S.J. Sulley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage a1 the Wen mine. Chelan. Washinglon. USGS Open Fde RcpoR 96-531. (Data wtlected in 1995)
(e) Kitburn. J E. L S J. Sutley. 1997. Analytical results and mpsative overview dgeochemial studies conducted at the Wen Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(I) Kilbum. J.E. .3 S.J. Svtley. 1997. Preliminary data (no reponattached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(g) ~ohns6n. A.. el al 1997. Effects dHoMen Mine on the Waler. Sediments and Benthic lnvertebretes d Railmad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Emironmental Investigations and Labwatory Services Pmgram. Warn Body No WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 19q.
Page 2 d 7
TAELE 7.l-F
STATISTICAL lWALYSlS AND COMPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RC-2 (AINACENT TO SITE)

TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(DATA COLLECTED FROM STATION RC2 ADJACENT TO SITE. 1991 - 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES (L MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005019
Parameters
Data Notes:
U - Parameter w s analyzed lor. but nol detected above the repomng limit shown.
J - Estimated value.
UJ - Parametw - was analned lor. but not detected. Deteckn limlt is an estimated value
~
mdiates mat highestvalue from nnge 01 nplicated samples mre represented.
, . :..- ............ .n i..... >.*. i
z*-::;z ... xz . s Indicates Ihal the data was not available for this parameter
. ., ...................................... > .. ...,........ ...
Data Source:
(a) Walters, et al. 1992. Hdden Mine Recbmalion mecf Final Rep&. Pac& Nomest Laboralones.Richland. WA. (Data collected in 1991).
@) Kilbum. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sampk hlrty maps fa sbeam-sedrment heavyminera~nbate, mill failing, waler, and wecipffate samples collected
in and mund fhe &Men mine. Ckkn County. Washington. USGS Open F~le Report 94-680A Paper Version, 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(c) Andem. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Rangn Districl). G3rnpilation ol Data fu Preliminary Assessment ol the M e n Mine Si.
(d) Kilbum. J.E 8 S J. Sutly. 1996. Charack+zation of acid mine drainage af Ute Hdden mine, Chelan. Washington. USGS Open Fie Repod a.531. (Data collecled in 1995)
(e) Knlbum. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1997. Ana~alresulfs and cornparake ovmiew of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mine. spring 116.
USGS Open Frle Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spnng 1996).
(I) Kilburn. J E. 8 S J. Sutler 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(g) Johnson. A. et al. 1997. Effecfs of W e n Mine on the Wafer. Sedrmenfs and Benfhic lnverlebrates d Raiboad Creeh (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratow Se~cw Program Water Body No WA-47-1020 Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 4 of 7
TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RC-2 (ADJACENT TO STE)

TABLE 7.1 -F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(DATA COLLECTED FROM STATION RC-2 ADJACENT TO SITE. 1991 - 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES a MOORE JOB NO. ir693-00~19
Dala No*:
U -Parameter was analyzed tor. but not detected above the repdng limn shown.
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Delectia limit is an estimated value.
indratea mat highest nlue tmm range of replrated sampln were represented.
2 ~ * : ~ . * ? w ; ~ ~
. %. . - ., . . .. . . . . ,., . ,....... ... . Indites that the data was not available tor this parameter

TABLE 7.1-F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(DATA COLLECTED FROM STATION RC-2 ADJACENT TO SITE. 1991 - 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Parameters
Dam Notes:
U . Parameter was analyred for. but nd detected above Ihe repatting limit shm. J . Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value
nge of replrated samples m e represented
ndicatn that Ihe data was not ava~lable for th8s parameter
Dala Source:
(a) Wanefs, et al. 1992. Hdden Mine Reclamah Prqiec( Final Repat. Pacific Northwest Laboratories.Ruhland. WA. (Data colleded in 1991).
(b) Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locality maps Ibr streamsediment heavy-minaakmcenirafc. mill tatling. wstw. and preciprtafe sampks cdecfed
in and around the Wen mine. Chelan hnty. Washington USGS Opn Fik Repori 94-A Paper Version. 946808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994)
(c] Anderson. Keith A. (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden Mine Sic.
(d) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S J. SuUey. 1998. C-kizalion dacid mine drainage el the Holden mine. Chelan. Washinglon. USGS Open =ile Repori 96-531. (Data coneded in 1995).
(e) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J SuUey. 1997. Analyfkalresuns and cornparafive overview of geochemical sfdies conducted a1 the Halden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Repoft 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997 Preliminqdata (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(g) Johnson. A.. et al 1997. E ff. dHolden Mine on the Walw. Sediments and Benthic Inve+tebrates dRaiboad Creek (Lake Chebn).
Environmental lnnstigations and Laboratory Sewices Program. Water Body No. WAI7-1020. Pubficatm No. 97-330 (data coll.Jcted in Spring and Fall 1996).
TABLE . .- - - 7 . . I. . S
STATISTICAL ANALYSlS AND COMPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RC-2 (ADJACENT TO SITE)

H.Wolden\dratl hnal rirpnsrpns7Whra\Tabhs\7-1-F.ds
7ROm9
TABLE 7.1-F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(DATA COLLECTED FROM STATION RC-2 ADJACENT TO SITE, 1991 - 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693.C05419
I
I Parameters
1
8 Analyses S of Oeteaio?~ Maximum Conc. Minimum Conc.
STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS -
Approximate
Range of RL
Disblbubon
Mean Standard Deviabon Median
UCL (95%)
1
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Imn
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Sttuer
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
Dissolved Metals 1uglL1
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Imn
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
NrcM
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
9
38
72
49
71
70
38
10
17
37
70
10
31
70
12
7
72
59
38
58
58 '.
60
58
58 .
80
58
M)
58
58
9
39
59
46
53
58
34
29
W
1
40
48
18
66
36
5
11
25
45
0
7
69
0 .
2
67
49
12
58
1
42
56
3
54
48
27
51
55
4
29
40
18
0
2
55
0
5
59
0.2
79
7000
15
1900
65
0.W1
0.73
2 3
1010
N A
0.17
1700
N A
0.05
1 85
56W
1
31.1
0 04
45
32000
0.4
31 M
4JOM)
25
.61GU
380
ODOOS3
0.72
7.8
PW
N A
0.1
5100
N A
2.4
8-
Lognormal
Neither
0.04-10
0.08-10 Lognormal
None Lognormal
Statistical Notes: (Statistical cakulations mre performed using Washington Department of Ecologfs MTCASlat Excel V.5 Macro (Module 2 1). downloaded from their web site.)
Maximum and minimum concentralans are based an detected values only.
Range of reporting limb (RL) are based on results reported as not detected.
Distribmon is determined based on the MTCA stat program by analyzing the data thmugh the W-Test'or PAgostino's lest-. Where data is not lognormally nor normally distributed, the distribution is noted as'Nelthef.
When approximate distribution is reported as'neither'. the manmum concentration is rewed as the 95% UCL and is presented in BOLD font.
ll UCL is reported in brackets @JCL due). this indicates that the calculated resun horn MTCAStal was reported to be unusually high.
The mean is an arithmetic mean it data are normally distributed or tf distribution is indiiled as 'Neither. The reported mean fcr lognormally distributed data is a lognormal mean.
Sbtistical analysis was not performed on data sets where 50% or greater of the results were reported as not detected. Only maximum and minimum concentrations are reported. il applicable.
For these data seh. a calculated median is based on detected values only.
0 2
2.1
60
0.21
240
2.75
0.00021
0.36
0 2
110
N A
0.04
460
N A
0 04
7
5.4
0.22
3.9
0 04
0.06
3230
0 2
0.93
20
0.06
260
1.53
0.0003
0.2
0.2
2W
N A
0.07
4W .
N A
0.1
10
0.2-10
0.8-10.5
10
0.1-85.5
47.5-1000
10
0.1
m
10
124-1000
0.2-1
0.04-0.2
590
0.04-1
0.04-0.4
0.7-10
20-60
14
None
0.04-10
1 - 10
6000
0.2-10
10
20.100
0.2-50
loo0
10
0.1
0.1-20
0.01-10
21x7-1000
0 2-1
0.01-0 2
590-1006
0.044
0.04-0.4
10
Page 7 of 7
Neither
Lognormal
Lognormal
N A
Lognormal
Lognormal
Lognormal
Lognormal
Neither
Lognormal
N A
N A
Lognormal
N A
N A
Lognormal
Neither
N A
Neither
N A
Lognormal
NeiVier
N A
Lognormal
Lognormal
N A
Neither
Lognormal
N A
Normal
Lognormal
N A
N A
N A
Lognormal
N A
N A
Laanonnal .
N A
14.4
1031
N A
601
11.97
0.12
4.32
1.97
439
N A
N A
817.4
N A
N A
56
31 1
NA
7.7
N A
1.56
6375
N A
40.6
2449
N A
894
23.03
N A
1.87
2 21
N A
N A
N A
971
NA
N A
168
NA
17.8
1311
N A
267
12.53
0.03
4.66
2.15
199
N A
N A
270
N A
N A
39.2
136
N A
5.2
N A
6.06
4545
N A
416
7669
N A
1124
66 5
N A
. 3.52
1.84
N A
N A
N A
728
N A
N A
1141
0.2
5.0
480
0 6
540
8.80
0.025
0.71
0.5
482
N A
0 11
770
N A
0.05
30
40
0.41
5.6
0.04
0.5
4985
020
5.01
325
0.40
520
7.84
O.OW415
0.48 ,
0.5
620
N A
0.BSO
775
N A
0.50
54.5
0.2
21.9
1770
15
674
15 55
(33 49)
(14 96)
2.3
491
N A
0.17
88 1
N A
0.05
77.14
5600
1
31.1
0.04
2.57
32000
0.4
78.24
6693
25
6100
34.94
0.0005J
0 8q
4.78
no0
N A
0.1
1104
N A
2.4
271.21
TABLE 7.1-F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RC-2 (AWACENT TO SITE)

H-Wolden\draR final rirptS-7\Hhra\Tables\7-lg,xls
7/?m
TABLE 7.10
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(DATA COLLECTED FROM STATION RCJ DOWNSTREAM. 1991 - 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019 v
Parameters
Data Notes:
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
J - Estimated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
indicates that highest value horn range of replicated samples were represented.
E;F.s*v. .
. % _* . _.~.....__._..__. ....... ...,...- _ ~ndlcates that the data was not ava~lable for this parameter
USFS WATER QUALITY MONITORING DATA 1993' USFS WATER QUALITY MONITORING DATA 1994 USFS WATER QUALITY MONITORING DATA 1995
Data Source:
(a) Walters, et al 1992. HoMen Mne Reclamaticn Project Final Report. Pacific Northwest Laboatories.Richland. WA. (Data collected in 1991).
(b) Kilbum, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample localrfy maps for stream-sediment. heavy-miners-entrate, mill tailing. water. and preciprtate samples colkted
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94680A Paper Version. 946808 Diskette vwsion (Data Collected in 1994).
(c) Anderson. Keiih A. (USFS Chelan Ranger Datrict) Comprlation of Data for heliminary Assessment of the HoMen, Mine Site.
(d) Kilburn. J. E 8 S. J. Sutley 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the Hdden mine. Chelan. Was$~igton. USGS Open File Report 96531. (Data collected in 1995).
(e) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Analylical results and comparative ovewiewof gecchemical studies conducted at Ute Holden Mtne. spring 1996.
USGS Open File Reporl97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(f) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997 Preliminary data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(g) Johnson. A,, et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railmd Creek (lake Ch&n).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Se~ces Program. Water Eody No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 2 of 4
TABLE 7.16
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 6 ComPARlSON OF
WATER QUALITY DATA FROM RCJ
(D0WNSTREA.M)

TABLE 7.10
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(DATA COLLECTED FROM STATION RC3 DOWNSTREAM. 1991 - 1998)
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Parameters
Chrom~um .
Data Notes:
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the repocting limit shown
J - Est~mated Value.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated Mlue
lnd~cates that h~ghesl value from tange d replicaled samples were represented
Qiad- ' lndtcates that the data was not available for thls parameter
Data Source:
(a) Wallers. et al. 1992. 'Ifolden Mfne Reckmatm hject F inat Report Pacific Northwest Caboratones.Richland. WA (Data collected In 1991).
(b) Kilbum. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locality maps for stream-sediment, heavy-minerahncentrate. mill taihng. walw. and precrpifate samples collecled
rn and around Ihe Hdden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-580A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(c) Anderson. Kelth A (USFS Chelan Ranger District). Compilation of Data for Preliminary Assessment of the Holden Mine Site.
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutky. 1996 Characterization d acid mine drainage at the Hdden mine, Chelan. Washington. USGS Open Fie Report 96531. (Data collected in 1995).
(e) ffilburn. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1997. Analytical results and comparative OvefviRn of g~?OCh~iCal studies conducted at fhe Holden Mine. spring 1996
USGS Open F~le Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(9 Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley 1997. ~rdiminaiy data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(g) Johnson, A., et al. 1997. Effecls of Hdden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad CreeJt (Lake Chelan).
Environmental lnvesttgatiw and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publiion No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
H.\Holden\drall final rirpt\S_7\Hhm\Table5\7-13 xls
7120199
Page 3 of 4
TABLE 7.10
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 6 COMPARISON OF
WATER QUA-DATA FROM RC3
(DOWNSTREAM)

H.\Holden\drafl final rirpt\S-7Whra\Tables\7-lg.xls
7/20199
TABLE 7.10
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(DATA COLLECTED FROM STATION RCJ DOWNSTREAM 1991 - 1998)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Parameters
Total Metals [uaR;I
Aluminum
Arsenic '.
Barium
Beryllium '
Cadmium
Calcium .
Chromium .
&PW
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese.
Mercury '
Molybdenum'
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sod~um .
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
Dissolved Metals (uak)
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium .
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron .
Lead.
Magnesium'
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel .
Potassium .
Selenium
Silver
Sodium .'
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
8 Analyses
20
14
17
17
20
50
17
53
37
54
50
20
8
8
18
50
9
18
50
8
5
54
23
15
2 1
2 1
24
21
21
24
21
24
21
2 1
8
11
23
21
8
22
21
12
8
24
STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS RCJ
Approximate
d of Detectloris Maximum Conc. Minimum Conc. Range of RL Distribution Mean Standard Deviation Median
UCL (95%)
20 300 37 None Lognormal 1 53 74.11 150 201
11 0.76 0.32 1 Lognormal 0.48 0.13 048 0.54
17 10 5.01 None Neither 6.58 1.43 6,22 10
0 NA NA 0.04 - 1 NA NA NA N A NA
16 0.66 0.09 0.07 -0 11 Lognormal 0.26 0.19 0.16 0.45
50 9950 3800 None Lognormal 6059 1465 5818 6417
2 0.2 0.2 0.12 -5 NA NA N A 0.2 0.2
27 43.5 1.4 0.8 -10.5 Lognormal 8.28 9.05 5 12.85
37 23W) 40 None Lognormal 592 419 430 755
11 11 0.159 0.1 - 16.5 NA NA NA 3 11
50 1490 310 None Lognormal 731 232 695 790
20 26 6.46 None Lognormal 13.05 4.71 12.65 15.19
5 0.002 0.00014 0.1 Lognormal 0.08 0.03 0.0012 ('279)
8 0.68 0.47 None Lognormal , 0.55 0.06 0.55 0.6
12 0.6 0.4 10 Neither 1.98 2.20 0.55 0.6
43 870 140 500 - 533.5 Lognormal 492 174 51 9 547
0 NA NA 0.2- 1 NA NA ? N A NA
3 ' 0.2 0.03 0.04 - 0.2 NA NA NA 0 119 0.2
50 2100 520 None Lognormal 928 329 eEO 1004
1 1 1 0.04 - 1 N A NA NA 1 1
5
44
0 1
140
0.05
0 4
None
0.7 - 10
Lognormal
Nether
0.07
28.9
0.02
27.93
006
22
0.1
140
16 90 3.2 6 - 30 Normal 37.77 28.5 40 47.97
8 0.31 0.18 1-2 Lognormal 0.46 0.30 0.31 0.66
21
0
18
16.2
NA
0.72
4.7
NA
0.07
None
0.04 - 4
0.2 - 1
Nether
NA
Lognormal
7.97
NA
0.28
3.57
NA
0.20
6 4
tJA
0 20
16.2
NA
0.41
18 10100 3830 WOO Lognormal 5981 2176 5600 6982
0 NA NA 0.2 -5 NA NA NA tJA NA
23 26.9 0.39 0.1 Lognormal 7.73 7.27 .2.7 19.62
20 1290 40 100 Lognormal
373 343 240 612
10
21
0.5
1520
0.04
420
02-1
None
NA
Neither
NA
800
NA
344
0 098
6%
0.50
1520
20 26 3 5 0.9 Lognormal 11.96 5.7 9.97 18.49
4 0.00064 O.OMX)7 0.1 Lognormal 0.25 0.03 0.C25 (3954)
11
10
0.64
0.6
0.2
0.2
None
0.2 .10
Normal
NA
0.48
NA
0.11
NA
0 il
!; 1
0.54
0.6
11
0
930
N A
200
NA
500
0.2 - 1
Lognormal
NA
417
NA
246
NA
250
t iA
531
NA
2 0.09 0.08 001 -02 NA NA NA 0 S85 0.09
21
0
3
1750
NA
0.07
400
NA
0.01
None
0.04 - 1
0.04 - 0.1
Lognormal
NA
N A .
935
NA
NA
399
NA
NA
&XI
t!A
0 57
1117
NA
0.07
23 98 13 2 Lwnormal 42 6 26.7 :;8 68.25
SWMical Notes: (Statistical calculations were performed using Washington Department of Ecology's MTCAStat Excel V 5 Macro (Module 2.1). downloaded from their web site.)
Madmum and minimum concentrations are based on detected dues only.
Range of reporting limits (RL) are based on results reported as not deteded.
Distribution is determ~ned based on the MTCA stat program by analyzing the data through the W-TesP or 'D'Agostino's test". Where data is not lognormally nor normally distributed. the distribution is noted as *Neither.
When approximate distribution is reported as-neithef, the madmum concentration is reported as the 95% UCL and is presented in BOLD font. !
If UCL is repofled in brackets (UCL value). this indicates that the calculated resun from MTCAStal was reported to be unusually high. Therefore, the calculated 95% UCL is suspect.
The mean is an arithmetii mean if data are normally distributed or if distribution is indicated as 'Neithef. The reported m n for lognormally distributed data is a lognormal mean.
Statistical analysis was not performed on data sets where 50% or greater of the results were reported as not detected. Otly m;?dmum and minimum concentrations are reported, if applicable.
For these data sets. a calculated median is based an detected mlues only.
Page 4 of 4
TABLE 7.10
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 6 COMPARISON OF
WATER QUALlTY DATA (DOWNSTREAM)
FROM RCJ

TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOUJEN MINE RllFS
DAAmS & MOORE JOB NO. 11693405019
Data Notes:
J -Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but nol detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
.: . .+ . :.:.:

TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17695005019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not deteded above the repcuting limil shown
.
UJ . . . .
. - . . Parameter
. . . . . . .
. . . . . . ,. . . . was
. analyzed for, bul not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value
.
Indicates thal the data was not milable lor this parameter.
@@$;+-#aii.G
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn. et a1 1994. Geochemical data and sample bcalrty maps for stream-sediment. heavy-mineraCconcentrate. mi// tailing. water. and precipitate samples colkted
in and m n d the Holden mine. Chekn County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 9468OA Paper Version. 946808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilburn. J E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the HoJden mine Che!an. Waslringtm. USGS Open Fde Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995).
(c) Kiurn. J.E 8 S.J Sutley. 1997. Anawical resuns and mparative overview dpeochemkat studies conducted at the Hdden Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminarydata (no report attached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A,. et al. 1997. Ems cf Hotden Mine on the Water. Sedments and Benthic Invefiebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chehn).
Enkironmenlal Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
TABLE 7.14
STAllSTlUL ANALYSIS 6 CONPARISON OF CHENEAl DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
Stat!stlul Nobs:
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only

TABLE 7.144
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limR shown.
. UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limil is an estimated wlue
. . d.
. . . . . . . . . n tcates that the data was not milable for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample Eocdd~ maps for st-sediment. heaiy-min-enfrate. mil/ tailing, water. and precipitate samples collected
in and around the HoMen mine. Chebn Counfy. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley 1996. Characfenzalion of acidmine drainage at the HoMen mine. Chekn. Wshinglon. USGS Open File Repoil 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1997. Analylical results and comparative overview dgexhemical studie cunducted at the Holden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Repoil 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997 Preliminary data (no report anached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(el Johnson. A,. el al 1997. Effects d Holden Mine on the Watw. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Cfeek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Secvices Pmgram. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
TAELE 7.14
STATISTKU ANALYSIS 6 Covlp-N OF CHEMXAL MTn FRW GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
Statistical Notes:
Maximum and minimum concentrat'is are based on detected values only.

TABLE 7.1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND CCMPARiSON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17695405019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ -Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected Detection limit is an estimated value.
$i@Mj Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and ampk Mfty maps fw streamsediment. heavy-minerahncentrale. mill tailing, water. and pretipitate sampks collected
in and amund the Holden mine. C Mn County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization dacd mine drainape at the Holden mine. Chelan. Washingtbn. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995).
(c) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997 Analytnalresults andcomparative overview dgeochemiwl studies conducted at the HcMen Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kibum. 3 E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A . et al. 1997. Effects d Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and BMthic Invertebrates d Raihd Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020 Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
statistical N ow
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only
TABLE 7.14
STATKTICAL ANALYSS 6 COYPAREON OF CHMC*L DATA FROY GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE

TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES a MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
~~~~j~ Indicates thal the data was not available for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locallly maps for sfreamsediment, heavy-minerakoncentrate. mill tailing. nater. and precipitate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Cheian County, Washington. USGS Open Flk Report 94680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskne version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996 Characterization of acidmine drarnage at the HoMen mine. Cheh, Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data ccllected in 1995)
(c) Kilbum. J.E 8 S.J. Suttey 1997. Anafy?hl results and cumparafive overview of gemhemica1 studies cundutted at the HoMen Mica, spring 1996.
USGS Open F~le Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sulky. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A . et at. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railmad Creek W e ChelanJ.
Environmental lnwstigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Statistical Notes:
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only
TABLE 7.14
STA~TRU ANALYSS a cowranow or cn- mrr FRQN GR~UNDW~~ER SEEPAGE

TABLE 7.144
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 1769JOOM19
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the repating limit shown.
. UJ . - Parameter was analyzed for. but nd detected. Detectiin limit is an estimated value.
. ., . . ,. . . . . ~@i$;~~"
...... . Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilbum, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample lccafdy mmaps fw streamsediment, heavy-mineraltoncentrate. mill tail;&. water, and precipitate samples cdlecled
in and amund the H&n mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette vwsion (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at fhe Holden mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kilburn. J.E. B S.J. Sutley. 1997. Analytical results and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S J. Sulley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached. data dleded in Fan 1996).
(e) Johnson. A.. et al. 1997. Effects dHolden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Inverlebrates of Railroad Creek Rake Chelan).
Environmental lnvestigatians and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996)
TABLE 7.1-
STATISTICAL AJ4ALYSS 6 COMPARISON OF CH-AL DATA FRON GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE

TABLE 7.144
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 =RE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting lime shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value
..... $$$g=&@ ..... - . . .,. .: . .. that the data was not milable for this panmeter,
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample /ccal@ maps for streamsediment, heavy-minefalconcentrale. mill tailiw. water. and precipitate samples collected
in and around the HoMen mine. ChChn Cwnty. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94680A Paper Version. 946808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J Sutley 1996. Characten.zatmn of acidmine drainage at the HoMen mine. Chdan. WazhingtOfl. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Analytical results and comparative wmiew of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached. data dlecled in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A,. et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chehn).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 6 of 8
TABLE 7.14
sTAmntAL ~ ALYDS .4 C~YPUUSON OF cnmL DATA FRW GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE

TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND-COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 6 -RE JOB NO. 17693-00!%19
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above Me reporting limit shown.
.............. UJ - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected Detection limlt is an estimated value
.............. .> ,. ........ ......
:oi@$hlffQ$
......................... Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn, et al 1994. Geochemical data and sample localdy maps for stream-sediment, heavy-minerakoncentrate. mill tailtng. water. andprecrprtate samples colkcted
in and around the Holden mine. Chehn County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6806 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kdburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization olacidMne dlilinage at the Holden mine. Chelan. Washington USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data conected in 1995).
(c) Kilbun, J E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1997 Analy?icalresu~s andcomparative overview d geochemical stvdies ductedat the Holden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(el Johnson. A.. et al 1997. Ekts of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Imrwt&rates d Railroad Creek (Lake Chefan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Senrices Program. Water Body No WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected tn Spring and Fall 1996).
TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS a cow~uuson OF CUE~ICAL mm FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
Statistical Notes:
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only

Xluo sanlm pawlap uo paseq aJe suo!lequasuo3 wnw!u!w pue wnw!xew
:WON ICJWR01S
(9661 llej PUe GwdS U! PJWIlm elep) OEE-LG .ON UO!lE'.Wqnd 'OZOL-LtVM 'ON APO~ JaleM . U~J~OJ~ s3wS h0lW0qel PUe suo!te6!a%u1 lelWUUOJ!U3
Yuqaq3 am) w3 pea,~~eet(jo S~I~~WPAUI 3ly1uai3 we sluaw!pas .~IW ale uo au!N U~PIOH P stmy3 .~66t le P "v 'uosuwr (a)
.(9661 uej u! papllm elep .pauaeue WdaJ ou) eiep heu!w!~a~d '~661 'Awns r's B '3.r 'wnql!n (P)
-(9661 Buuds u! pal3allm qea) 1x1-LS uodatl JIM uado sgsn
,9661 Guuds .auryy uap(o~ ayl p patmpuw salpnjs leqmydjo Marnnno a~1efedux13 pue s ~ma Weuv .~661 Aallns 'T'S 9 '3-r 'wnql!n (3)
.(~66~ u! pawllo3 etea) -1~s-96 wda~ at! j uado sgsn .uolbu!yse~ .ue/ay3 'aurw uawH acn lea6ewerp aurw p3e~o uor1ez.mlcwey3 -9661 'Awns 'r's B 3 r 'wnqgn (q)
'(~661 u! papalla elea) uo!- auayya 8oe9r6 .umuaA laded VOBPP~ uodau al!j uado sssn uoIbu!yse~ 'Xluno3 uelay3 'au!w uaplw aql pume we w
pa13allw saldms alepd!wd pue .mlem .6u!l!el ~l!w .aler~ua3uoyerau!w-hwy '~uaw!pas-weals 8q sdew @lw aldw pue e~ep lenwaqma5 ~ 61 6 .le :a>~nos la 'wnql!~ pea (el
.J~)atUWed s ! mj ~ alqei!me pu sen eiep aul leu1 saie3!pu1 B:=;m$$j
.anlm paleur!lsa ue y ~!wg uo!palag p a ~ plou p tnq 'lo) pazAleue sem 1apweJed - rn
.u~ous ~w!l Gu!pda~ aq amqe papalap lou Inq 'mj paaeue sem JalaweJed - n
'anleh pa1ew!ls3 - r -
.salo~ pea
6Lm69Lb 'ON 80r BYOOW 9 S mO
S&W 3NW EUOlOH
39Wd33S MlWMQNnOMO WOYj WlW0 lWIHOH3 30 NOSlWdHO3 0NW SISAlW lW311SllWlS
WVL maw1

TABLE 7.14
STATlSnCN ANNYSS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FOR STAllONS ALONG PORTAL DRAINAGE
HOLDEN WNE RMS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 1769UWH019
Data Was;
J - Estimated &.
U - Pmmc(n m s amtyzedlor, tnd nd 4eteded above me rcpul~ng rtnwn
UJ - Puamela m s amtyzed lor. bU nd delcdcd. Delcdion Tnil is an ntimalcd -La.
,.,.> . WW.?. . . nd awible for tlis psmdn
., .,. . . . . . . . . . . .
A? ,., cater lhal mc data n s
Dda Snrca
(a) Wm a a1 1992 Holden klm RcclamabM Rqed FmaIRepzf Psclfic NMhwsi Laboralones R~cNand WA (Dala cdcded m 1991 I
(b) Rbwn el al 19% GeochnuEal dala rind rantde &ably nupr Ib sweam-red& heabymMallonrrnbate. mll larlmg wale andprcmlab ramprcs maeclrd
ur and- me 4- mtm. CM.n Carnly Walhmpmn USGS Open Ftk Repolt 9448OA Papn Vrmm 94-6800 I)lskme nnta (Dam Colcacd m 1994)
tcl Anarron Keah A IUSFS CheBn R m aslndl Camtatlm 01 Dds for RcrmnsN asses^ of me H&m Mtne Sde
id, fibvn. J E. 6 S.J. b y . 1996. ~hrictaizatwr ol.c6imim &ainsR a1 me ~ ~ldcn mine, Chlan. Wastingmn. USGS Open Fih Reprn 56531. (Data cekQedin 19951
(e) fim. J.E. h S I. Wry. 1997. Antly6calresu~sandcanlprrsko~d~hnnicalsWicsd~hlcd~ImcHoddcn Mim. wino 1996. .
USGS open ~lle ~eport 97.128 (Data colcdcd m Spmg 1996)
(11 m. J E h S J Slaky 1997 Rccmnaiy dala (no rcpon annc~d, data cokaed m Fa1 1996)
(9) Jmon A el a1 1997 EllMr d Holdcn Mrm M Vr Wals ScdmnIs and 8mVu Inmktr3bs dRa!hd Creek Rake Chk@
Enwamrmsl InvesUgatlms Md Lsboratw SeMccr Rowam Warn Bow No WA47 1020 Pltlcalla No 97 330 (dala cokded m Sprnp and Fal 1996)
H WOMenwan fml nrp(S-7Vih~\TablesVvl-I
Ibr
?ma9 Paper d 3

TABLE 7.14
STAllSllCM ANALYSIS AND COYPARISON OF CH- DATA FOR STATIONS ALONG PORTAL O WAGE
noLom UNE RMS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693905019
oat. uvt*s:
J - Edbnslcd wh~~.
U - Paraman was awed la. td nd dcleded above lhe rwmllw hn4 Shm.
UJ - Pmmao was analyzed lor W m ducded DeteNmhm IS an enl~ca nk
gay*: ': 01t5cstcs ha1 ha &la rar nd awtabte lo. ms persmda
Data sourc*,
(a) WeJa d al 1992 Holden Mne Reclarnalron Rojccl Fm.1 Rtza? Pacific N-rt Labasloner R~mand WA (Data coleded n 1991)
(b) &btm el al 1994 Geommral data and sampk locahty maps hr rteamrednmnt hcsymvaok~ccnhle mll Iailtng wala andpecrptsk sampkr dkcted
nand mvnd Uw HoMa, m Chz!an Counly Washnqm USGS Opm Fsk Repml WOA Papa Vervm 346538 askme vnvm (Data CDLdedm 1994)
(c) l\ndnsm Kern A (USFS Chtlan R a m Chstnd) Cwpbl~m of Dala la RebmMry r\sseruner( 01 me Heiden kne Sole
id1 &bm J E 6 S J Sukv 1996 CI~sraclbllelM dacd rnm damage 1 01: Holden mm, Cklm WamcvlD? USGS Opa FJe Rmor( 96.531 (Dale coledcd m 19951 '
iej 10bun: J.E 6 S.J. sub;. 1997. Analyiicalreruns andmmp.rabbeorsricndpmhcmualrw~r ccductedetme Hdden Mrm. rplng 19%.
USGS Open FBc Report 97-128 (Data coleded m S m 1996)
(I) am. J.E 6 S.J. Wey. 1997. Rdmnary data (no rcpml snached. data cokded m FeJ 1996)
(g) Johaon. A. el sl. 1997. Ekts dHoldcn Mirr on Ur WaLs. Scdimnk andhlhc lnvstcbahr OIRattoad O r k (lake Chela4
Emmrmcrtal tmreslipstionr end LaMoy SeMccS Propm Wala Body No WA-47.1020 Wcallon No 97-330 (data cdcdcd in Spiw and Fsl 19%)

TABLE 7.14
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COYPARISON OF CHENICAL DATA FOR STATIONS ALONG WRTAL DRAINAGE
noLoEn NINE RUFS
DUES 6 WORE JOB NO. 1769MOM19
oaa waes:
J - Eslinmted MLte
U - Paramda ras Mshned la. bd re4 detedcd above (he rcpdmg M rhom
UJ Panmdsras aratyzed la hl M delcdcd Dsdon lmt 1% M eslmed nhc
Y~~CC.ICS xi++& - h t tthc ast. -S nol UVOIW IU ms psmmdn
l
SlatMkd Nol.. (Slabacal cnkdat~ommc pdonncd wng Wmsh~on D e p m of EcoloWr MTCASlal Excd V 5 Mem (Mo- 2 I) danksded frm lhnr web Me )
M o m andmrrmm concndatlons arc based on duected~cs
Rsnpa olqotimg bms (RL) src bared mrcnlls rcpatcd as re4 Mcded
[)lrmblton is ddcmmd based on me MTCA dU prDgam by am+,z~ng (he data (houqh Ihc W Tesl' u -D Aporbm I test- Where dats or nd b m nrx nomaw SslnWed the 6dnWon 1s noted as 'N&r'
Wh+n ~ o m tdrtnhllon c as rcpated as ' n W (he manm cwrndatlon s w e d as me 95% UCL md a pesmcd m BOLO ton
n UCL IS repuled n bndrus (UCL nluc) ths m3catatcr mat Ihc caNated rerrl tmm MTCASIaI was repotled lo be vuwaEl hd~
me m~ ISM a m c mtn e eta arc mnnaly Ss!nWed of d bsU!btbm IS m3calcd as ' N W Th+ repolted man tof logxnnaly 6smbued data e a bpnnnol mean
Slallacsl eMlyus rat M pcrlomrd on data sets rhae 50W w geatcr of me rcNs m e revorled as m mcdcd W mMmm and mvnm conccrUa1lan art repotled d -cab*
Fmmrs asta %Us a aWted mebann bared on delcdcd vsks onhl
'Vmk wm'geatnthan'spl m e rcmtd as show m me -cab* repul(s) relamed The edml wbx ras used as an cstwnate d (he h d cmntmtlam(he raqk
Page 3 01 3

TABLE 7.1 J
MSTORKM AJR MONITORING OATA
HOLOEN MINE RUFS .
DUES 6 YOORE JOB NO. 1769-19
U Pnmma ms annlyzed lm w nd deledcd tor W nd deleace above me repomng Imt horn
' dm&&q , . m6calcr lk cmemabon ol aMMc ms nd &ab)shtd madm nd #waled nor anaWzed
TABLE 7.1 J
WTORICU M YONITORING DATA

TABLE 7.1 -K
MEAN METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN FISH MUSCLE TISSUE (mglkg wet weight)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-01 9
Copper Zinc
Pacific Northwest Laboratories - 1989-1991
Iron Mercury Selenium
Upstream
0.98 8.65 8.83 na 0.85
Site (TP-3
0.87 8.85 6.63 n a 0.74
Lucerne
0.98 10.83 6.09 na 0.54
25-Mile Creek 0.78 7.30 4.91 na 0.65
WADOE 1992
Upstream
Site (TP-3)
Lucerne
25-Mile Creek
0.58
4.44
0.5
0.6
9.74
6.65
10.24
7.46
8.83
6.06
7.1
6.95
0.038
0.01 8
0.016
0.01 5
Note: only those constituents detected above detection limits are shown
Units converted from dry weight for PNL samples
na
na
na
na
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.1-1
AREA AND NATURAL BACKGROUND SOIL AND SURFACE WATER TOTAL METALS CONCENTRATIONS
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
--w
-.
Soil Surface Water
Area Background for Site MTCA Natural Background Range for Washington Area Background for Site
Parameter (90th %) (Yakima Basin) State (Dragun) (90th%)
-- - . - - -. ....................
. .....-...
Aluminum 20.870 33400 - .
144
- -- . - - .. .- - . - - - ............ - ........
Arsenic 12 5 . -
1.44
._ -..... .......
Barium 310 -_ 300 - 1000
.
6.24
. "__ . _ ......
Beryllium 0.2
-.- - 2
-. .- . - - .. ........-....
5 --- 1
0.1
C a d m i u m - . ..
12.140 6814
Calcium
. I.__---.__. . -_
Chromium 37 38 ._ 0.46
_ - - . . -.
57 27 1.83
Copper- - "__...___ ._.....__) .*^ -..__ _ ..
Iron 24.098 51500 . - - . - .- 177
---- -- - - . -- - -- - - . - .
21 ' 0.3
Lead -- - .- - -. -- -- - - .- . -
Magnesium 9,199 647
--- .- . . . . . .
Manganese - 5.06 .
Mercury
0.00066
- --- -- ... - -
Molybdenum - 0.79 ...... ..-.
Nickel 23 0.4 .- -- .- -. ..........
-_ Potassium
672
__-- .- -- - -- - -- . - .
Selenium
_ _l_ -l-.-. -l-.- - -
-- -- -- 0.1 - 1.5 - -- . - -.- - . - . --. . - . - -. - . .
Silver 0.5 ~0.5 - 5.0 (Western U.S.)
0.1
- -- -- -- - - . - . -. - .... - - ............
827.0 1034
!$?rn--. -__.- - __ . _ . . ___- _--_._
..
Thallium
0.4
-- - ... -. . - ........ - . .- . - - ..... - ____I_ _
. ___. . ........ __ - .. ...-.
Uranium _ _ _._- 1 .O 0.96 - 2.66 ..- - .- .... --
Zinc 253 79 5
r
H:\Holden\Draflfinal rirpt\S-AHhra\Tables\7-1-tabl.xls (Table 7.1-1)
7120199
Page 1 of 1
-

TABLE 7.1-2
METHOD A LEVELS USED
IN SCREENING LEVEL HUMAN HEALTH ASSESSMENT
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
-
Parameter
Aluminum -.
Arsenic ---
Barium -- - - -
Beryllium -
Cadmium
-. -
Calcium --
Chromium Ill
Chromium VI
--.-- --
--
Chromium. total -
Copper
Iron -
Lead
Magnesium
Soil Method A
Cleanup Levels
----
(mglkg)'
Surface Water
Method A Cleanup
~evels (u~II)~
Notes:
'Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA)
b~mbient Water Quality Criteria for Human Health based on ingestion of water and fish
'Safe Drinking Water Act MCLs or Proposed MCLs
H:\Holden\Draftfinal rirpt\S-7Whra\Tables\7-1-tabl.xls (Table 7.1-2)
7120199 Page 1 of 1
20
2
Groundwater Method
A Cleanup Levels
(ugll)'
Max~rnum
Contaminant Level
for Drinking Water
(ugll)'
-.
-- -. -
....................
- . -- ..........
--
-- -
1000 --
0.0037
10 .
5
5
.. ...........
50
___._ .........
---- 2000
4
.......................
..................... 5
. ................
170000 _
. ,- .- . .- .........
50
_- ".
100 _ 50 100
__^ _.-..I._- -. - -.
1300 1300
____I .............
- __ .
300
. . ...-............
250 . 50 __
5 .
_ _________ ---. .
Manganese -. - -- .- - -- -- 50
--
....
Mercury ___________ 1 0.14 2 2
__I___-__ . .....
-- Molybdenum -
...........................
Nickel 610 100
. -I._.-_X__._ ............. ................
Potassium
.- --.. .- -- ___._______._I___- . _ .....-....
Selenium 10 50
--I__._-.--...--___._ . -- . ..
Silver ............. ......... . _ ..... .
Sodium _______- . . -_____ -_ --- - .
Thallium ...................... .._._._L_____..-_.__l. .............. 1.7 __...____.I._ .
2
_.._............ .- ........................
Uranium ....... . . .- .......................
Zinc . . .. .
......................
.........................
..............
Conv-
Cyanide,
.......................
Total
............I......._..............
...____________I___".. .. . ...... .- .
................................................... ...........................................
............ 700 .
.-.- .
__ .........................................................................................
.
- .-......... 2%
-
.............
Aroclor
. - . . - . . 1016 ....... .
Aroclor
..................... 1221
Aroclor 1232 .............
Aricior
................................
1242
Aroclor 1248
............_._-_
Aroclor ....... 1254 ,_ .....
Aroclor
. 1260
PCBs, total
.-
.
.......... . , ... , ... , . -, .................
0.00'0044 "- '
.............................................................................
._.
__ ............
0.000044 .
. .
.
.............
0.000044 _-
.
..........................
.
0.000044
_........__..............
0.000044 _ __
__
.._.__...__I_-_.. . 0.000044 . __ .
_.............
.-.-.. .-. 0.000044 . - ........................
1 . 0.00069- . 0.1 -_ .__.
.
0.5
.
.
Gasoline
.
Range Hydrocarbons
.
............... Diesel Range Hydrocarbons
._.^_____.I...__.__
Motor Oil
-__I.I-*___
.. - _-
.
-. .-,-. .
I-.-.- ..... -._.-.I ...........
. --, ...............-.. , ....... , ...... , . , ............................
100
1000
.
..
................................
200 .
._..._.........._............._._....._...__...._..
1000
. .
200
1000
- , --
.........

TABLE 7.1-4
TOXICITY CRITERIA AND BIOCONCENTRATION FACTORS USED FOR CALCULATION OF METHOD B LEVELS
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Inhalation
Inhalation Cancer
Bioconcentration
Oral Reference
Reference Dose
Potency Factor (per
Parameter
Factor (unitless) Source Dose (rnglkgday) Source
(mgkgday) Source
mglkgday)
Source
......................... .-
..-............ ......... ..-..... - ......... ..... - ......... . - . .. .............. --gg&@-.
......... . , .......................
.
.................................
A- ......................
Aluminum
..............
231
NCEA Suppwt Value
ORNL
. ! ........
ARenic
50 c-c
.. _. ........ ... ... . .... ... -.I--. _ _ .. _ ........... _
" (19961 ...........
Batium -. ............... loo' ..............................
conservative estimate 0:OT ... - 0.OWl CLARC 1 (1986) ........
. ClARC11(]996? ..... . . ............ .- ..
Beryllium 8.40 CLARC I1 (1896)
............. ............... _- _ . .. . ^ .............-..-.. --
Cadmium . .. . _ .... ...................................
__ ........ . __ 6.1 CLARC 1 (1998)
_. . .... -._ ......... -
Chmium Vl 41.00
........ ....... . _. .. - . -- . - . c-c l1 (I9? . . . . .-
Manganese 100- Conservative estimate
... .......... . .. __ 0.047~ .... CLARC 11 (1996) .-. 0.0000143 CLARC __-_- 11 (1986) . .-..-- ....................-.... ...........
Mercury, inorganic 5500 SPHEM __
0.0000857 CLARC 1 (1996)
.......... .. . . .. . _ . ...... .... .
Molybdenum ....................... _ loo'
?%. . _. . $-!!! !?996! - .- -. - -- -
N'Ee! . _ .-................ _-
Selenium . - ..................
... . . ?:005.. ...
-
Uranium
. . ?.a'? .
e7.
. . . . . . . . . .
............
.. 9.000'. .
Aroda ........ 1254 -
...... O.OWO2.. ...
. ___. ...
......................
16 ......................
Conservative estimate
. . . ..... ..........-.. ............. .. .... . .......
CLARC 1 (1898) -Nickel ~efinefy Dust
...................... --_ ...... -. ......... - .. - .- .......... - ............-.. ..0P . - -....-....- - .... --
.. - . SPHEM. ..-....
CLAA': !!.(1.9?! ..... - ... - -_ .............................................
100.
. . . . . . . . . cm~~Native es~mate
. . . . .
c-C.!1!1.?g6) -. .................................
..... - . . . . . .
.................................................. .. ....... ... ......-..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . - .......
- .................
.........................
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. -
!?!' ... -. ORN!- ..-
E!~.!! (!M! .... - ........... .......................
...
........................... 51286 ORNL - . ._
IS.. ..
...... . -. . .. ...... .- ...... ........ . .
- .. .
..... ............................
Diesel Range Hydnxarbons
. -. .. ...........
- ....................
.............-..-...
-. .... -. .........
. -
0.001428 CIARC 1 (1kj --'
.
..... -..-
. - - . .
.
. .
Noles:
ORNL =Oak Ridge National Laboratory. ESIEMM-WR. 1996..
SPHEM = Supedund Public Heallh Evaluation Manual. EPA 54011-861060. 1986
NCEA = USEPA NCEA support value.
IRIS = Integrated Risk Inlormation System
'A wry conservative defaull BCF of 100 was assumed
'RID adjusted downward by a fador of 3 to aocaunt for nondietary exposure as discussed in CLARCII
H:Uiolden\DraM~nal nrpt\S-AHhra\Tables\7-1-(abl.ds (Table 7 14)
7/20/99
Page 1 of 1

TABLE 7.1-5
CARCINOGEN CLASSIFICATIONS AND TOXIC EFFECTS ENDPOINTS
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Parameter Carcinogen Classification
TO& Effedts Endpoint
._ . --- . -. .......
jwdMml§
.
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
A
- .
Skin
-- - lesions
--A - .....
Cardiovascular toxicity .
Beryllium
-.-
Cadmium
Calcium -
Chromium III ----
-
Chromium - . - -. - VI
Copper
_ 02 _ __ ... -
01 Nephrotoxicity
--
,pp-----.-.L. .
.
- - _ . - . . .... .
- - - - -. - - .- . -- - .
A
.I_.____ ^ . -- ..
D Gastrointestinal . toxicity - - .....
-
Iron -. -- - - - . - - . - .
Lead 82 Neurotoxicity
- - - - .. . -. ......
-- Magnesium
.-.
Manganese D Neurotoxicity
pp - - -- -- ---. - -
Mercury, inorganic D Neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity - - - . .
Molybdenum
Nephrotoxicity
- --
. .
Nickel, refinery dust A -. -. - ..
Nidtel, soluble salts - .- - - - -- Weight - -- --. - .
Potassium - - - -- - . - .- - ...
Selenium D Clinical selenosis
-- -- .- - -_ -- . - - -
Silver D Skin lesions
___- __-I_ .
Sodium .... 7.
Thallium, soluble salts __ ... .......
Uranium, soluble salts '
Weight, nephrotoxicity
____I.__._.._____________I__ - ....-.
Zinc ___ D Hernotoxicity - ..
.... _ . ____ ._.I____.__._..___._II. ... _.-_- -- ...-..
-. - - -- - - -. .- -. - . - - . - - - -- -- .- -. - -- .. - -- - .-
Cyanide. Total
.
D Weight, thyroid, neurotoxicity . -
. .. .. . _..____.I/__ -. --_
-. -. - _ -- -.. - ..... -- - ..-... - .. - ... -. . - . -. ..... -- .......................... -- . -. . - - - ....
Aroclor
.
1016
.... .
Weight
.I_.__._._---.---- ..
Aroclor 1221
. . .......__....__..__...___._-__._-_..___.._..._.I..__... __ ................. a , . . . .
kcl lor 1232
..._._.....__.__....__.---._I. . ... _ .. . .. .__ ... .... __ ^ ... .. .
Aroclor ... 1242 _- .............. _._ ................ ..........-........ _ .... ..
Aroclor __ _. _ 1248
. __ . . ._._ ..... __ .............................. . __ .
Aroclor
......
1254
....
Oculartoxicity, immunotoxicity
. -. _ . . . . _..-_.I_ . ._ .......... -. ......
........ rocl lor 1260
-. . -- .- - .. - - . - . - -- . -. ..... -- - - ..-.-.-... ..... . - .. -. ..... - .......... - ...........-..... - . .- ...
PCBS, total _____ Bi
I-_.-.- __ _-
.......... ----. -- . _ ..... __ . ._ ._._ -. ....
- .... - .- .... :-. -. . -. . .-_ -- .. ..... .- .....
~asoline Range Hydrocarbons
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons
Motor Oil
........... - .. - - - - - - -- .
. . . . _ ........ . . . . . . .
- ... - .... - - .......... - . - . ...... ......... . .... . ......
- -. _ - .. - -. -. - .- .- -
7

TABLE 7.14
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS - HOLDEN VILLAGE (INGESTION)
HOLOEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
STEP 1
STEP I
Don
Don
Ldl-
Don
Yubnum
Ca.Uh6.d
Fnp- Ca.iltu.n( Da Y..knum CaMunt
Yukna -4 -a
Fr(orhr SlWL.spcMc Yubnvm farptthrnl MSmBWI
Rhdd E d El1mtnO.d Ff-nry
N m d d
E m Ellmdd -A
E b WislnLd m.b -9
E M UWnd (Wdn
Prm(n
C-dh WuMa(1 "a US7 d- E d 5 x 7 .s rnWS7
Lwd 8-1
IF37 CbarpL.nl kthd A7 ~7 rn llW7 L d k C*.nupL~d -81 -a llW7 VUlq.1
____ . .
-. ._. . - . . - -_ _ . _
__ . . . . ._ -I_-_ .
... - . . . _. . _ .....-... .... -. .- . -- ....... - - - - . . .- - ... -- .. -- -.- .. ..... - - .... _ .
m m m 2 a W W ..... ___ lorn Yn 20.170 . Y" 1 CUE41 OW€-M No UIYVUrED
... _ ...._I .. ... -_-.._._.-._I . _ ..
A une - 5 ..... lm Y n ... .-. ... 3- No - EUYWAT LP . . .. .... .. .. -- .
No 310 V" 5 WE.03 5CC€.OJ No EUYBUTE
*urn ....EL_. . 1- .I_"-. . _ .. . - -.-...--.-A,- -_---A'
0 12 No 02 .... Ye. .. 2 UEQl 3 UEm I..
In
. _ . . . . !%.. .2-. . _ - - - .
...
c-m ...... 2 1 . .- _EL. _ . 1- ... _1_1_... .. _ _ _ .._5 . .. _No% --- EU.!?E2? .... -.... -- . -. . .-.. ... . _ -- ...
3% k.hl*mmm
.... ._vz L.%.FD .. .- .- . .....
-
57.7 No ..... lmr _ v. .. _ 37 ...... v. _ rm No EUMUUTUI . . . ._ __
=!-- .- . - .- _--- 523 ... -!! . ! . . . . _ .... 57 _ I.. .. - --
..
. . 2 M.03 . -- - - -- 2 W'L! . . 25. CUutw!F? . . .
I= ... ..... I -I" ...... V z .. EE!Y!.EED ........ ............ -_ - ... -- - ... .- ....... -. .. .......... ..... ....
V. KO No EUYBUTEO
L* .- -- .. .. 2% .... -!-. . !--. ".n.. .. -. . - . 2? - . - ........ - - -- .... .- -. - . - . - -, ... - -. - ...... -. ... ..... - - ... - . - . . . .
U_.ar.M"... . -2%. . I.' .. EuYauLE? .... . ..... . ...... - . -- . . .- . - . ...-. - -- --. - -
1.425 oak. . No EUUlNIlED Y!M--.___.__ .-?=_. !O . !? _ .- ....
. . . . " . - ..........
.... -%. . . - No . ! .. . ........... . -.. . 5 % ..................... -... .- . . . .
uwaum 5 No - 'SX. . .". ......
Y.
. ...
!.Z- . -- ... . _ .. - . EeE. . 5. . .Ism .- .H! - -- -EL" ! ..-.
27 I .. No . ......... . . V., * . . . .- _ .. _ - -_ ! - ? - . .
. - ..... . ...
- .* -! =ZBE1OI. _.-Y E.EOUT_?
@~tU_rn- .- . -.L!(D ._."*.' . E.UYM?ED . _ . -. .... _ . . . . . . .- ...... _ .......... ......................... - ....-.
%?_m . ._. .- .- l? .. _. ...................................
. . .. . . ... - . . . ....... ... ..-- ...
-2 ... - - .--. No .. ... 13% . .. 2.2 . . -0 5.. .. -L** . - . . _ -......... _ . . !_40E?. ...... 2- .. IOqr02 ..A?. _ EU-)r!LO
-.?E . . 15 !*!'!%!? .- ....-... -. . - - . . . -. . . . . ....
. . . - - ........
. .
NO ELIWE rh.lum !.z= .- . No. ....-..... I?*. .-m , .. 0' . P .. - . . . . . . . . . . . .- .. - -. - . . . . .
"d
)"_*Em. -. . - . - - _.. _ . .. - .. . - . - .... .- ......... . . . -- - - ... .-- .- - - ... -. - ... - ...... .- - - . . - - . .- - . .
.- . . - .- - .. .
LN . 2%- . N? . 1- .. -2. .... zs3 . In .... _ . _ . - . . . _ _ - . = * . .? . . . I.E+Dl.- -- .F ... EUYVFO ..
-.- - .- - - -. ... .... - --. . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - . . - . . . . - ...... .- - .. - . . . . . . . - -. ......... ....... - ... -. . . . .
- . - - -. - - - . . ... -- . . - -............. - - .. -. -. - .. - .- ................... -. . - - ....... - - ... -- ... - -. . -.
~r.nl'.Le!! -. - -. _ -. -. 0 - 07
. _. . ,NO ..... -- 2% Yes
........ -.. ... -. .. . .- . .- .... ...... .!aoE.O? . ! . .Fat . -.? . - PUW,E-?.D
.- . . . - . . . . - . ._ . . . . . _. .. . . . . _ . .
. ...-.. - . ~ - . ...... -. .. - . . . . .- . . - .........
rmch'ols . _ .......... - . ........ - .. _ ........ . ---- . . ..... -. . - ... - ... .... -. - ...........
!E%1I12. . ... -- - - _ ........ -. .. -. . . .. .._ .. _ ... .- . -- .. -- . - -. - .- ......... -. . - - . .- ...-.. .. - - . - ....... -. .
-3.
---
__ - - . ._ - . _-- - . - . ..... .. .. .......... .- .- . - . .- ....... _ -- - . - . -- .................... - -. ...... ............. - . . . . . . . . . .
?re"-.-- -. --. . . . .-.- .-.... - --- -..... .- .- .. . . . -. -. -......----....-... ......
Af- 12- . - - -. -. .. _ _ ... _ .... . . . _. ._ _ .. .- . _ . _ . --_ .._ . - ... - ........ - ... - - ...... . . . . .- - ....
. _ -_. - .. - . - .......... ........... ... ....... - ........... ............. _ ...
4,- 1 m _ . . . . ........... _.. _ .... __ . _. . _ .l.l_. __ __ ...... _ . _. . . . _ ._ . . . . . .
??%!I.E! _-.'.'.'.'. ..... - .- ....... _. ......... - . . ................. .- . . . . . . . . . .. - . . . . .
_- ................. -. .. _ . . -. ..... _.- _. _. ................. . . . . . . .
.... _ .... _.. . . _. . - ......-.... - .................-. . -- .- - -- - - . .... - .-.. -- ..... . . . - - . .
-a=%= y*=-- -... . _. . - ..... ....... ---.-- . .. -. . - - . .- ....... .- . . . . . . . . . . .
h s d R-9. wr-1. .- --- . - . . . - -. .. - .. - .... - ._ ...... - .- .. - . .- . ....... - - ......... . . . .
umol
Ndn
'wrung Ula ta dvoMrn .re n tdd slvomum or clwmwrn VI
'A,. m* b b to, .a. ink, Dm-. 0d.d
'MTCA nmnd s- m a fm vr.*~ saw
hhngm ~n. -% (hpn. 1~91) U. shnm ta cornparem pv- m~y No ansnumms .re .*mnId bnd m Vne raws
mi= md*.d.d
IHS = mrkrur Huudmm suaum - =No douwp k b m 10.- crier. mhD* 0. t& mbslmn Cmsmem m no( sclndrd n IHS
IS95 md I997 O N
STEP 3
- n
STEP 4
SlEP 5
STEP 6

TABLE 7.1-7
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS -VEGETABLE GARDEN (INGESTION)
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
STEP I
Don
Don
wu-
Da
Yumun
Con-
F-Y d Conshb*n(
Donlui Conrthrrc
Yuhum Comtthlnt
F&W O.W,.c#k IPh ConstB*nt Mslorllo(1
D.b.dd EssmUd El- F-d O.Ma E W *@ L.srd E M Y.hodA E.& E!hhaW Y.hod0 AwmesM -0 E.d EIhhW (V.pmb*
P-
Cmsntntan Yubid7 msnl)(?l7 Mrtb.l EnudR? amlW? L.rb bckgmud7 onlW? C W p M -A? s m W ? C w L m l Rhb CI..nuphd -87 " n M ? 0-1
... . . ............
..-..................
-......--.... -- -. . - . -. .- -- -......- -- ..-. .--. ........-.........
!g%eeew . .-.... .--..... .. . . .
!?E!E! . -. . lBm0 .. No ....... .I0!? ... -2 . rn.810 . No E U m E! - . .... --_- 8mE.W .- .- . .b!!?E:E~.. .. -.No-. em-?!FD ......
"n*
-
. ......... 5.1 ... -HO . .... .E!! .... !?. .. -. ...... 12 .............. No EUYlWIlE --2' ........ ...... -.. . ..-. .- ... .- - .. - ...
*-. . . .--??_- ... -- No .- . _. . . L-. . ..I!! . - .... -. ... 310 ...... Yn . .... - ...-. ...... - ...... 560E.03 . -_ ........ .2:%5. .
ru.E!FO .......
E!@" 02 No . IWW . Yn .. - .. 0 2 No .. EUYlWTE .- .....- ........
O!dniUrn.-. . ...... 2 . . K- - . L!. .... Yn ............. _ .! .. No .... ELIMINATE D _- - ..... - - .. .... ... -.-...... .-. . ......
--- ........ .- ._.!?U?? ... YE? .. 5EEWLTED .. ......... ..... ....-. -- ...............--. ... . -.. ...........
Chonatm' .... 21.7 . No ........... 'OOX.. . "2 . . . . . 31 HO .--. %!!TED ...-.. -...-..-.. - .
-. .. . _- . 155 .... -- No . ~- ....... lWW - .... Yn - ........ 2? ................ Y o .............. .-A . 2.96EW . -. . .-2El0).. . Wo._- E_UYUUTEP . .
bm..- . . ..... . ~ XI-. ~ E.-NIT!!! ~
......... ... . . .... ............ -- .... .....
51 No y- ..... t! .... Yc. ... - no -- .
No L?!" . -. EUYlNIlE
. .... .. . -- ..-...........
. -3 .......... ... . - . ........
Ha-m .......- 5660 . &.. EU'!F'TED .. - .. ........... ...................................... .......-...........
!sE?FE .. . . P1L ... -YO . - .... .'mx~ .. -"c? .: . . . . .-'.'ZS ...... NO. . - .......-.................-..
..... -. .
..........
E?-v ......... . . - ........-... ............................... ......... .
NO
HE! ... .. -1. ......- .. ! . x . - .- 12 .... Ye.
4 .... ........... - ... 4.ma.m .. .!EE_% .I?. %-TED
* . ....
.... -. ........... 16 __ ...... No -- 1% .. Yn ......... . . E. . 'YELED - ................ - . ........... -. .................
? . ? . yn - EUYlNLTED ......... .-.......... . - -- ....................... - .................
scla*lm . - .... - ........... . . - .............. - . - - . . . . . - . - .... - ..-. --
Sh"- ... - .- ..... .? . . I?... .
%- , re. .....-. v ... -y- ..-...-......- -- .................. 'ma9 .. 2.. ..
.. Yr ......... Eu LTMTE- 0 -. .. ........................
.. .....................................
"d
EsE!L - . -. ...... ... ................ . - ............. - .....-..... - .... - . - ...-...
.........
...... --. .... ...........................................................
SL-. . -.E. ............... No
. ._I!?! ... "n. .......-- ??. - ... "?? .--.... -- .................
z!OE?" ... 2 ....
. .-- ................... ..... -. .................. -. ....................... -. - .-........ - ... -- ....................................
............... . -. ..........-.... -. . . . -. -.-...-.. .....--.............. ...... -
2.. -- . . - . .. - . . ..............- - .......................... - .. -. ..-...-........... - .......................... - ..--...-....... ......
- -- . ..- .................... - . - -. ...-......-. - ....-..........--. - .........-.-..-. - - .. - -................ - .................................... - .... . -
. . ....... ... .- .............. - .......... . -. ........... ...................................
...
*rod0'01d - -__--- . -- ................................ - ..--....- -- - ...--........ - . -. ...................................................
%!%L!L - .... .- . .
...................................
-0% ... - -- ........... -- ............. --. ... .-.. ............. ..........
............... ....
3"" . .- ._ . -. ....-..................-...........-. .-........
..................................
. .
-L ................. ..... ............................
. .. . . . .
-2% ....... ...- ........... -.-..-...- ...........-. ..... . . . . . . . . . .
&e.L?e . -. ...........-- - . ....... .............. ......-....
. .
. . .
PCB.. lad . -. ............... . ~ . . . . . . . . . . .
. -~ ........ -.. ......--. --.-.........-... .......... .....
......... - . ..............-- .....-.. - ..-....... .- .-..-....--.-..... ..
. ...
- .
G e e Rnor lcra--~.--. .. . - .... --....... - .. ..-.. .- ...-... . - .......- - . . . . . . . .
. .
aad~nocrn* ._ .- .... .- . - -. .... -. .. -. ......-..- .- - -...... - .......-..... _- .- ...........
. . .
. . . . .
-01
2.wE.m
. . .
.....-...-.- - ... ......
NO .......... ~ ~ l U . l E O
- ........... . . ..
.........
.........-....... ... .&...
-1.?K?!. ......... E;"*G,E D . . . .
......
..................................
Nmn:
Sc.ecdn~Ummk~rn~ekrIoW~o(dnDniumVl
'he. bck,Tand I& h .,.a* Lde" -t noted.
'MTCI N aM Sack- 1- h YaLinu
Sma r-((kapm. 19911 I. *an Ibr conp- purpan w. No smrODlma re dninated bswd m h- r n p
nd- nadc(caed
1%. lndulol~~. s&umce
---. Nods- I& or rritai. nu. Br mk --.Don
1997 Dm
-1 m nm .ckOcd n n In$.
STEP 2
STEP 3
STEP I
STEP l
STEP e

TABLE 7.14
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS -BASEBALL FIELD (INGESTION)
HOLOEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Na":
Screening tritd. * dwhiarinn .re b, told chorrium or chorrium VI
'No. b . & M k"eh b, dc d". -s mcd.
'MTu Nawd bckpcd I d br YnLuru 88M ~~SWmpn(a-.l991)r.than~conprnm~u~. N o ~ ~ ~ r ~ ~ m d b r r c d r n ~ - m p o
nd. mdeteaed
INS - bldutor Hu-daa SubMce
"' * No deanup web m toxin* cnda milable h~ risk crabam CaaM m Ml ulc- n n IHS
1991 Dam
- *ukum
MEbd
E.s.did
-7
STEP 1
Casthml
Ehind.d
amlW7
F-
- 100%
.
STEP 2
Don
Fnqu7lOt
Cablhmd
Ethdmw
nnlW?
-land
Lnd
STEP I
DonYui
E.srd
Brtglould7
Ca,"numl
€1.-
nslUlS7
-A
C - M
STEP 4
Ooa
*..kum
Esc.d
M A 7
Con.-
ULnk.M U.mdB
llnDIS7 C - M
.- .- -- . -
=-• R- nraEe?? -- ... -. -- ..........-.. .... . -. . .......................................
oa-_. . . -. . - . - -. ... -. -- .......... - . -. . ................... . -.I . - ........ - ........... - . . . . . . .
M- M
-1-
FW(o.
STW S
Sham&
UekdB
Awfiy
P-
D . b n a d b z 7
C*rupLn.(
__ .... __ ..................
.............
. -I_.___... . .
......................
- . .-
-_. . _ .. - - ........................................ -- . . - - . - . -.-.... -.- ... -. - .- - .. .- ....-.......-....- - . .- . - . .................-.
!+?!??
_..20-00-.. . Ho ...............
an-*-_ .... 2s.. ..... E.. .....
-- .
aium ......... co!... 2.. .....
.-.---..--...
Ee?!!! . 02 -. .
No
. ...
.-...-.-.
1.3
NO
..... . . . .-.
wr*lm 5710
. . .
!!!!E!?- . 29.4
.
....
Coppn ...... . 25. .
.- -.
!E- - - ... . -. . YC. . EUYVUTED . . -- ............... ............................................................
, .-
No . . . . . .
....
.....
...
. . .
...
....
.....
.....
-
.
....
......
....
.......
........
. . . .
.....
. .-.
. .
..... ..
m . mL70
.
No EUmNATE _ .
....-.-.... .- ... .............................
_.LO ..... 12 .. No EU*IIU --E . . .
!- . .!0. ............ 110 . No EULWIT ---E .-. -.....
...........................
..E% . .YE! . . ..... 0.2 ..... No -. ---z ELIMINATE . - -.
.....-....--.-..--....
.
NO EUYIIUTE
.
'
. . . 1. ..- -. - . -2
..........................................................
..... Y s ELIMINATE . !? ...................... . ..... . - ..-.. . -_ .............-.............
.............
No
31 - ....
Ho ELIMINATE
- . ... Imx ..... re ........... . -- -- - .
.......... 1. ..--
-
No .. I_- ... ?=! ........ - . _.x . Y"
. .506ErP?. .................. 2.96E.01 - No EuWulED .- .
k.d-- .. - ..... 15 .. .lp- - . F! .. Yn ................ 21 - .- .
EUMINAIE O .... -. .
......................... -.
...... - . 7540
v_n_ . EUY1XI.F .- - ....................... -... L. . - .....- ......
.................
H_r"-o""e.- ................. 537 . . HD ..... loow .. yp ...... ! ,425 No ELIMINATE ..... - ...........................................
..................................
-- .......... ..... _ ... -. .....
E?e%T ! . . No . . !- .
...
....................................
. - . . . . 9. No EUUlWTE ?! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
~2 ......... _- .... 16 . . E . Imy ................. 2'. .. -._NO .. ~uwvurro - .......................
........
-%! . ......... $?!0 . "n EUY(IUTI. . . . . . . . . ...........................................
. .
. . .
-m . - -. .............. - . . . - . ............ -. .... -_ ...................
...............
-
Sihn-_. ........... .%.. .......... NO . 0 ?. .. No-. . EUYVUTED ........................
............
% ...... -- . MH . . ?? EUYIWTU) .... .......--..... - . - - ...-. - ................ - .- ... - ............................
-- Thdh!= nd
...................
.................................
e ... .: . nd
. - ................... -. .... ........... - ........................................
. ._-!.E ... .!? . . 1.- . .T?! - ...
251 . No EUWTE D ... .............-..
. . . . . . . . . . . .
... .... .. _ ............................. . ........ ....... ......................
. - .................................. - ................ - -- .. - ..-....... -. .. - ..................................
Fr%%!-. - ...... ......................................................... - ......... ........................................................
...
-. - . - ...................... - - ..... .................. .- . -- .- .-. - ................. -. .................................
. - ...... ........... ... -. .-. ............ :--- .-....- _.._ .........................
!?.e1!!6 - .. -- . - - . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
--!nr -- -. .. - .... - .................................... . - . - .-..-.... -. . - ......
........................
e?!!!? . ....... - .. ...........-. .. -. . . -.-.-......... ..................... ...........
k0daZ.c _ . . . . . . . . . . ................
&?!?!?!_ - - .......................... -. . -..-.. - . -- . .-. .........- --- -..........-.-.
..... . . . .
k- ~~ . ....... . -- - :. .......................... . .. .................. . .....
. . . . . - .
-or 126.l . _ .- ..... . -. -.. . ...................................
._ . - .
PCs- . -- . -. ...... - - ....... .... - .- ........ -- . .- -. ... .- ....--.. - ..............................
..........
. -. . - . - -. . - ........ -- . -- - .. .- . ---. ........ --- .......-.-. - -............. . . . . . . . . . .
. -. . - ...-. . - . .-. .- . .- . .- . -. . .......................
............ . -
. . .
- 00"
hkum
-87
CasttMt
Eanhd.d
naUIS7
LTW 8
MI.brWl
W"bd
R(d)

TABLE 7.1-9
HUMAN HEALTH XREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS - WILDERNESS BOUNDARY (INGESTWN)
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
clc.
on
A*- ~
Ndmm
Can-I
Fnqunry Can.tilwm h Muinrm Candal-7l
Mpfnnn Canstthmt
F h b r B(bBprlir YP*1Um C a s M IHSskrlloU
D.(.o~ hunti.l ~ d . d rnpurrld-€-
hod €hh.(.d -A bmd ~hh.~ -6 ~ppng.b WE ~.trd uhthid m~dn*..
P-
C 'I. NM unlns7 d-
Emd8vl
.. . _
-
bmd0~7 u r r l ~ ~ ? ~..d -mud7 a n l S 7 CLrnupLml Y.hodA7 u.nUU7 ChmmpLnd Rht CLrnupLwd NdmdB7 antlilt
. _ .. .... - .- .. ....... _. ............ .. -- ....-
.... .- -. ......--...
. ..-.-.
g+geme - . .- ... __ . .. -. . - - .... - . -. ..... -- . _. . - _ - .... - . . -. . - - - - . - .- .-..... - .--.. - .. _ . - . - -- _ . _. - ...... - - . - - .... - . -- . - -. ........
Alumnvn ........ __ 17m ... NO 1OOX ...... YO* .... _ - .... - - ....
73.I70 W .. EUYDUTEO
__ ..... ..-. . -- __ _ . ....
. . .
e?~ ...-- . -rr ............... No . ........ - .... ~o .... EU~~U~EO . - ..... ..... ............ _. - . -. . . .. -. . _ .....
~~ 93.1 No 100% Y n
E(IYUU
_ ......... _ -- ... -- -- ........... -. --_ ... -_ ..... 310 ._ . No . --_- M .. . .. . .. - .... .. .......... - . . -. ...
EUYRU
ssrnirm . 2 ... NO _ . -1- . . l? . 02 .... _.-_-
No ..... TED . . .-. .- .- - . - ............... ..- ......
3.1 NO
EUYUUT
CX??!!!! . ;--. . . -.!ant_. _.I? . -. ...... 4- ...... m .. .-_--ED .. -. ...-.-.... _- .... - ...
-- ...
E* ......... 6UO
-.. "5 . EEeD .. - ....... . . .- . .- ......... .- . . .-
.... 27 I No 100% Yes
EUMlN4rE -- . .- .. . .. .. -
..
......
. - . . 37 ....... - No ...
.- ........ ..... . . ... .....
No .... .. 2.06E103 .... 2.96E103 . No .. ELRUlUTED
CY? . -_.-!!I_- . . !- . . 1". . . . . 5'. ...-. 1". .... --- -
bm- -- ... .. -. . .E??! -. . Ln_ ... wvlrurm ................ - ............ .. .- . - . .... ............... -- .................-
No
?!d_ _- m
_- .... - . . -27- .. .. .l. . . 1. . . "n - . - -- ...... -No. . - -?E_P . .- ....... - - .- ._ - . .- .- ........
........... - - . .8-?!!L_ Ygt . EE!E?ED ....... - ....-...... -- ...-.. -. ..
.....-- -. . .- . - .... ... -.... ..... .: .-. ... . .
H-ese - . .......-.. !?? -. .- No ..... 1-. . .!.?. . . ! YE? . - . - ....... - . _ .- ............ _ .- ..... - .
u!!_- . - .. .- . - . . -. . - . ... - ....-. ... ..... .- - . -. ..... _ ..-. . . . .- ........ - - - ... ....... ......... - --- -- .
... .__
2.4 ............ ! . . 2 2 .. . Ye. . -- ..... ............--..- 4.UlE+02 '... .. _L*-!= . .-No ... w-TLP ..
NE ......... 17 . . NO . . I-. . m. . . . . a. _ .. - . ~o . Eu-- .- ................. _ ....... - .. .......................
............ I= "7 . EUYIW*IED P_EEe!?- ........... - . .............- - .-........ - - ................................. -. . . . . .
......... - ................................................ ..---..... .
. - .
Urn - . .o!. - . E?! ............ Iar* . ye* . 2 . .. Yn .... -- . ............ .- . tE?? . . 2 ... /mE!? _ .E. . EuYIWI!E0
sodurn .. . _-- .. --_ ... &(! . . In . !U.F.?TED . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- .- ..... -. .... -. . ........... ,- ......... - ............... ... -. ...
!%!% .- . _.'?..- ................................. -. . - .......
...... - . ...........- - . - ......................
~v*rm . 2 ..-.. N O . ? . !? ...... .LO. . yn .... -- . . _. ... .- ............ I."%%. . . t .... EQ' .. ?! . EU-.??
e.-- . . . _wn -.. UP . - - ..'Om -. . m . . . . =? . - "" -.......-. ................. =.'=*Q! -- . 2. . 'mE*?' . . Y . . N-unu?F'
-* -. .- . .- . -. .................................. - . - ................ - .. - ..... ., .- . . .....
. .. .- . ._ ........... .............. ._ .. .--...--... - ...... -. ....-..... .- ......... .........................
9e%.!e .................-.. ....... . . ......
....................................... - .... . .
.- ..... ...-.... ....... - ........................... . - . ............ -. . . . . . . . . . . . . - ............ ....
._ ..... . - ..... _ . _. ..--.... - .. - . . ... -. .............. _ ..-..--.. ......-.... - . . . - . .
Arodor 1016 .. ....... -- .... -. ....................... -. .............. .. . -- - - ...............................
"le-!E ................. :. - . ... . ...-. .... - ..... ... - .... ................ . .
Andm 1232 -.- -_ . -. - ... - - ..................... - ................ -. .... - . - ... - - . - ......... - .. - . -- ... - -- ...... .- . - .........-.......
. . . .
As& 1242 ... .. ... ......................................
......-.... . .
-2 . - .- .. - ... - ..-... - . - .-. .-I .....--. .- ... . . - . -......
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-'Y. ... . - .... -- . .- ...-.............. - ....-............. ._ ....--... - . ... - ..-.-. -. ..--..-.-. .... - . . . . . . . .
As& 12W ....... . -... .......... - -...... - ........... ...-..... -- ......-.- -- .... . ......- - . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PtChL-! .. - ........ - . .- - -.-.- - . . _. . . . . . -- . - . - .... ... .... .....
.... . .
...-... - . - . .- - ................. -. . - ..... ...................................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- -. -. .. - .. - .... - .. - . - . . . - - ... - - . - ... - .. - - .....-........... - . .- --..........-.. . . . . . ...
Gaolba-&z!Xe. -- . - .... - .. _ . _ _ ....... - .......... . - - .......... .- ... .- ...................
. . .
a-d~n~~~lae_i-. ..... . .- .- _- -. .............. .. ..... _ .... . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . ....
. .
MdDI M
Noes:
ScreLningCribni~la~m.rclaW.IdwhrariumadroniumVI
'Me. bad- Imt. la ue vdnr &mke noted.
YlTCA Namd Badw-d krd. la Yakinu BPil
W&+m shtc rnpn (hgm. I9911 me .hank mnvri.m-n
nd - rot dctrdd
MS - Indutor Mzardaa MsMce m?,. No sanmmb me hded med m mnc ~np.
"' i NO dc- lncb a lor* cnhris rv.il.b* la mt evah~abm. C-mt m not dedd n n IHS
199701(.
STEP 1
STEP 2
STEP 1
STEP I
STEP I
8EPS

TABLE 7.1-10
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS - MAINTENANCE YARD (INGESTION)
HOCDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
No(-: .
'Sr.nmhp Cmrri. b d.mium r e b m11 dr& or draurn VI
'&em wprandld br .mr wlm -e mtd.
' U T t A N m . . l ~ l a n ( . b Y . ~ ~
sme mgn (Dr.gl.l. 1991) nr rh- b -anon prporn mr*. No mmamms re dininated Med m hnc rap.
"d. ndeeeed
Ins. 1~16ut- nvrdour
"'-No d e w keh
1-7 0.a. ~uhrr .durn" &.
STEP t
STEP 2
.nl.blc b nrk nr)rutim. Conrmcm m ml .d&d n nIHS.
STEPS
Dm
Dm
A6@.hna
Dm
hinwn
Castia'mI
Fnp-y Conslimwl Dmluinm h-
U.rmm i2m.tIb.m
Frmrta, BlbCspcXtc YPhMl hUb"d RP.ta,Sd
MrM Es.adL( Llbniuld f- dD.t.da Etbnined htOmund Lrsrd EYnind.d *.modA E.d EhhsW -0 . AmmWm -0
I3c.d Elklk.M (U&tmanu
Plrrrrhr
-7 nn WS? d- E x d 5%) n n RP7 Lm) hLglound7 n .n MS? Cbmuph.1 -A? an HS7 Chm8~ph.l Rhh CkupLnd -07 amMS7 lad)
. -- ................ - ................ - .......................................
- .. -. - - -. - . - . ..... -. ....... - .. - ...- - ......... -- -. .............................
!eweme@ . ................. - - . . - ....- - .........-. - ...........-...... - . - ... - .............. - -- . . ...... - .... - . - -- .... -- ........
..............
2%: .............
No
lm% In
m.870 ........ In .
..
8 OOEW ...... ImE.04 N. EUYDUTE P .
fie_-. . - .. - . 60 No
2.3SEOI Y"
.- ..........
..'OOX .. ..& ...... - 12 In ..... 20 .......- Ye. -- ....... 161EIQI. .. ..? ........
.. .. !!" ..
Briym. . _- ....... .I?. .. No ...
lm%
Ye.
310 Y n S60E.01 -
........ ... .......... ..... - - ...... . - .-..- .......... ............ ?:60E-t!??-. ---No_. . EU!!TE(I ....
M% p!!!? .. .- . . 2 . No - .... - . Y n ........ 0.2 ... No .. E M M E? ..... ........ -- . -- .....
FL%.-.
-
..- --- ... 2'.6 . Ho_ . 1- . "
Ye. Y"
. . . . -.._ . . . t ..... .. . !.%2.! . -? . ?~?!??-?! .-.-. P2. - -.--... I!", ..
. ~ . ........ . . M2a . . Yer . ~Uunu'? .......... .. .. ...... .. .................................... .- . ....... .- ..... ..-.-..--
ChoniYm.
31 .... ........ .... No -.
ImX . Y?
37 No EUUVUlEO
. _. . .
.....
..................... ...
. -
=. . . . . 1160. . -.. No . -. . !-. ......... 57 .- I" ......... - .-................
2.%E"" ........ ..)SErO). -. *?% . .- ....... !H9
.......... -60% ... .k. - EUYIHITEO ......... - . . . . . . -- ...... ....-..................-................-..-.
.- .
!=-.- . - . - ............- 10'0 . No
ZIO Y"
.I- . , . . .
Ins
.. r ...
............................. !...- . .........
. . . .- .... !!.%. .. Vn ... EU.FNITEP - ...... .- ............. . ............ ................................ - ..........
*Cfi%
U _ E . -. .............. '? .--... ....-..... "" .... ... I.!? . . -" No E.-.N"Eo . . . . . . . . . .
...................
?!!% - ......
.-.........
.........-.... ....... . ....... -. .......................
..-..... .
63%
?%!?!? .............
................
Y n
Y" '%.m .... 4 10oE.m .N"...
'2 .- ......... -. .
~o
. .
....... EU~NATED .- .
Yed- . - . -- ............... 23 50 .......... I-. . 7 2 . . . .... 22. ....... NO .. EUYUUTEII.. .. ................. ............... ...
Ee!!. -. . - - - -!. ... . Eu-TEo . I!? ..... V?. ......... _ ...... .- ......... - .-...... . . . - . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iLI*m. .... ..........................
.............................................. .- .-......... ...... - ...-.... - .....
5
No Sh" - .- ... - .....-...... - . 15% .-: . I" .-........ 0.5 In .-.-... - .- .. - ....................... '.mE.?. .. z
.-'?? P!"!e
zE!E .
.PE . YCI... E"-TE- ........ 0 ... ImX . . ."*' . . - . . - .---..- -. .................................................................
-. . . . . .
=.. .. .... '14 ......................... - .............. ............... ! .....................
..........
!i?Ey- . ..........- "d -. ...... -- ......... - -- . . -- - .... - .. .- ..... - ..... .................................
e- .... - . ......... .Z'O ....
IWX .. v~ .......... Z3
..
2%'. ....
...... ~n. . . . -. ....................... 2UK.M
2 . .
?~OE*DI .... HO . ilj.%*o
.-........... - . . .................. .... - ............
..........
.............................
-
........ ...... .. ..........
C L . .. .................. - . - . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . - ......... - ....-... .... ......................
. - ..................
............................. .- . - ....................... -. ......... -. . .... .............
....... .-..
. .....- - ...... ................. - ........ - ........ -...... - -. . -. .......-.....-......
....................... .....
*ms)a(0l6 "4 .. ... -. . z ................. ....-...-.-
-
-. . .................................... - . - ...............
Amc(a 1221 . "d ..- ............ ..-.-................. . ---.. - ..-.-..-... ........................
EESZY- .-........-..- nd
.- .- -. -. ............ -.-....... ..........--.-- .- ---. .--.-....-.-......-..- -- ..... ..........-.....
"4 -E .......... ............ - . ... - - .... - ........... . - ........... . ............. -. . . . . . . . . . ...............
--z%! ........................ nd .- . - ........... ........ - - . .......... .- ....-. - . - ...........
.............
12% .- -_ . "4
... ... . .- -. - . .- ...... -._ . - ... . . . - . .- . ... - ................
46 No UH( e!?L!EL . .-. . Ye. .......... -- .... .......... ImP .......... No EUUUUTE
".
. . . . . . . . .
%bL~* ........... 46 No . -. ... 2005 . _ !r ..... -. .. . . - ........ Imp
". .. EU!?TED ... . . . ..... . -. .
--- ... - - .- ...... -- - -. . - ....-.. -. - ... -- ....... - . -- . -. ....... - . ...............................
............
_.A . -- ....--... _I ........-.-...
. .
=aX&e R . n g L l ! . .- 1 7m No . - 71%' . Y" ......... - ........ -. ... -. ............--... Im. .-.. Ye. . . . . .
. -.
...
tic'
1 m F?sE!Ec
NO .- . -. ... ..I!E..- . YO. . .... .. 'e ....... IN.. ..-.....
. . . . . .
. . I!?
WDI m NO
15% Y n 200 Y"
ma
STW 4
STEP I
STEP 6

TABLE 7.1-11
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS - LAGOON AREA (INGESTION)
HOLOEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
N+
Don
Doa
A*.m"d
Don
m.xhm71
CmlUm.nl
CmsWmI
DDnYnmar Cmsthnd
YPLI.II. COmtlDlld -0 feb. sb4pdnc YPmm C-tlbunt
Fngu17)ld
Mrt.d Esunh.l m F n q - d -
EhhmW um bd Otmhd.d -A E.o..d
C w P AD9n9.b *.hodB Eaad E- WSmbrW
P-
Ccncl.rmbn Hutmt7 nnlW? D.trVon bdBX7.snlW? L.rrC -7
nmDlS?C*rupLml -A? -nW? Lnd Rbk ChmupLm( -01 unlW?(LqoonAlr)
-
.I _ . .... ___ ..
_ ......................
....... . - - -. _ ..
p-= .............. . -. -. -- . _ ......... -... .................. . _- .....-.. .-.. -- -.--.--- - - ..-.- -. ... .........
U500 No 100% . Y"
=. . .. .- - - ..
........... .???! .. - Y" .... ........ -.. -E!?' .... !LC-? .... !!!. .... -F.D - .......
bs* .. .-.I .. No . __- . !OOX. . 1% - ............ .1L . -. . No EUYINAT EO ... ......
...... ... .......
343 No 100% Yn
= ___- .- ... -- -- ... .. ........ .. -- 310 ... -- -. Yn
.. _. .. .. S.BOE*O3
- - -- . . .... --- ..... lbOEr% _--5 _-!ED .
0.3 No ............. 53% Ye.
02 . Yes 2 UEOI 3.13Em Yo .......... .. 1W
.- .- . . .- 2 . .
IM c* . _ . No
Yn Yn I mE-1 2mE*01 Yn
2OOX. . y2 .-....-..... I. ....... . .- -- 1 .... . - -..-! ..... .. ........-.. IHS.. ..
c9-~.
6120 ..... 5 .... _E-.F . - ........ _ . -- ..... -- . .- .............. .- . - . .. . .
NO
ChomL":, . ........ -.- - .-II_ . . .... !am .... vn . . . 37 ... No .. EWNAT ...-.......... .- - ......... . _. . - -..... .....
24100
bppa
No
57 Yn 2.9843 2.96E103 Yo
- . . - . ?mx_ . _Yo_ ....... ... . - . ... - . . . .......... ......... ...... F.
E... . _. ......... -10'WO... . lol--. EU-!TED .. -. -- ........... .... . _--_ - . ...... . .- ............... - ... ........ ._ ... ......
LI.d. . . . - .
620 - ... -. No - . - . . ! ................ ..-?I -. - -- Yo ........... __ ~_ - -- 250 . Yn .--. -.._ ........... -.?. .......... .......... . -. '"?.
UFE ..... .. 18100 .. Yo .... EUMNATE
. - -P .. - - ...
. . . . . . .......... ...
. ........... 625 - No ........... !?. ..... ........... .!F. .... NO. .... ~ELIMIEIED ................. - .. _ ...... .... .- .... - ......
....
Mcrw . .......... _. . .
_ _ .. ... ..... I ... ....... ._ ................- ....... _.____.I .......
. . . .
%?! ? . - ... 2-. ..... No . . !.E . _ Yn . . . 12 .............. Yn
....................... E _ ! . 9 . . . - E!&mT.Y . -
........ I3
. No ... ur*. .. v_? . . . Zt ..... ..-..NO - - EU!?XF .- ..................
................................
4370 p-!.-. . ... . ....... Yn
.-
EUWTE
. " . ... ................
..............
-. ....................................
. . .
sde+m .......... -- ... . . . . . . . . . . - .-................... .- _. .............-... .. _ .... .....-
...
-
Sker . .- 1L .... No ..*_ . "." .... 0 5
..
Y" ..... - ........... ....... 4rnE.Z ...... t ..... IF::.. ... !?- . +=f~o . .
baU-? . - . -211. .... ?.-. EU.L"N"TED ............................. ................. - . .....
Fe? - ..-.... .-! . .- NO ......... . Yn . 0 4 .... Yn .. ................. 2!?F+m ........ - .LMIE-OO_ .. ,?!, .. L:-TL? . :. .
u-+-_- . . .-I ............
No
.!mu.. m ....................... 1.0
-- .- ....... - .......-.. ZUK.~
~o.. E-I~D
...........~~........... - . ,100~ . . . Yn .
.2!=
Yn
.......... .- ..... ...... ~(oE* . ..2. .. .!ZF= ... .K . .
I+
................................
_ ...
_ ............................ . _ ....-....... _ . ...
. .- . .- -. .............................
............-. - . .- . .- - ..... - ...........-.............
.... . . . . - - ............
. .
cmixoWoW- _ - .. - .. -- ......... ._ _. . -
-
.. -. ............. - ...... -- -. ........ .- ... ...................... - ...-............ . . .
. .
..... - _ .......................
.
_. .......... -
-
. .-.....-. - ........................
...
-. ..... -. .. - . -. .. _ . - ........... .. . . . . . . . - ... - . -. . -- _. . - . ..... - ........................ ...........
. . .
-cots . . nd . - ..... -. . .- . -. ....... - .. .-.. ..... .- ................................
....
K- '221 nd
.- ..... .. ........ ........ -. ................. -- . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
1212 __ "4 . ....... _ .
..........................
_ ......................................
- .
1242 . .- nd _- ......... --._ ..................
................... - .........................
. . ....... -. . .
...
&do, 1248 nd ........... _ ......... -- ................ . .- ........-............-...-.-...-..........
. . . . . .
&--a. . . .. .- . .-
"4 _ ....... - ... _ - .. - .. ---- ............................ - - .............................
kDdolflO-_ _--. . . -. . _- nd . - . ..... -. ......... . - . - ..-. - ...- -- . -- . -. .- - -- - ......-...........
- ..... - .-...........
-! .-.... - .......
nd ....... _ . -. -- ...... - ..--- - .- - - - -- -.-- --- ...........-.- ..........-.-.
. . . . . . .
... ............................. _ ..... . ....... ........... . . . . . .
. . _ _- ...... ......... .....................
........-.........
. . . . .
"4
GuornsRapL--. -- - ... -. . - . - . .- ...... . -_ --- ..... - . - ......... -. . - - . - - ..................
. .
230 No 100% Y"
Y"
a*=- .- - _- ... . . . .......... _ .- ....... - .. .- .- 200 . . . . . . . . . ...
. nij
M e CW UO No 100% Yn
m0
Yn
IW
Nd":
~rrnbl,,Wai.~~.~~tamUldrariwnC.dmmumVI
'kc. baekvand Imh b dr+ vlnr ohenirr nW.
uru N.Md 0,ckPm-d *rB k. Y.Li"u anh
Wnhmm Smr trip (map. 1991) u. sbm ta cmpnirm plrporn ordl No mnr0(umo r e &hNd bud on mne rngn
nd. "0tdel.Qd
IHS - (nduUr SuhPm
. - - N o & . n p ~ ~ ~ ~ n * I . b l c b r i . k n ~ 1Conrtrmmtrpmtul4nnIHS. 0 m
1997 Dm
STEP 1
STEP 1
STEP I
STW I
STEP 6
STEP I
.-_

TABLE 7.1-13
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS FOR PROTECTION OF AIR - HOLDEN VILLAGE (INHALAl?ON)
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
STEP 1 STW 2 STEP 1 STEP
-
4 STW 6
-
STEP I
. .
Don m" Aqpnanat Don
Yuii Ccnstii"mI Can- Don Yuii ConsIiUma YPmtrn Corntth*nt F&* ' -pa* u P h Con- 0lS.l~ W-
F?
D.bsbd LI..",~ Eh&,.M Fguns)lo(D.DsbmElhhtd -=- E x 4 EBnh'm -1 Y.hodB A m -0 ELh*ubd*VBlq
-
P- Hlman 1.nllU7 dD.bs(t.n-RI7 nmUEI7 Lnd Brkgrand7 unllU7 C*nupL.nl -A? nr~(H.7 Chupbd Rkb Chuplrral -07 msolHS7 eh.L*im)
_________ . .... ___ .. __ _- -_ _ __ _. _ ..--
.
-'+-@g - .. -. . - .... - ..... .... ... -. ........... .-~ -. ... -. - - . ...... - ...... ...... - ... - . .. - .... . .--. ..
&EE 2(1XlO No . ..- - loon ............. Y n 3 7 ! Y" ...... 0 0oE.M amE*M No WllDU T_LP .
5.1 No .. ._ ._. . ._.(mu .. _Iff ... II_ . No EUmnATE -- 0 . - . . .
..-... - -
B m - ... _. .. l80 .... - NO .. loon b Y n 0 ME*
-.
-, . -. ._ -- . .. - ..... E!' . .- - -. .-.-. ........... .- _ ..- . -- -... .. O_"!'? - E-. _ -so ..-.
NO lmx Ve. 02 In (I47E102 7 0.24E*OI No UlPnAlE
BE -- _ ...... .- . 0 u . ... -_ . ._. - -. . - . ._ . . . .- - - . - - -. .. . .. . .P . - ...
te .-.. ... - - 2.1 . -_ No .. .... loon - .............. Yo. _ ... No .- WlllNATE -.... .... - --. . -. ...... ......... -. -.-- . .............
. - . . .
-om -.~00 .- .m.. ELLED
.....
. . .... ... -- .- .- ..---... -. .-__. ... . .
Uroniun. 57.7 No ..... Y" 1.llE.m 7 IrnlOl Y"
. - . !- ...... ._ . ?! _ . - -. ...-- .- . -. ... .. . . 'I" ...
Copper .- .---- ._.Z)- .. No ._ . ..- - ........ ._ . . ..-I .... -. . Y" -. ..... .- .. . ..... .- .. ... _ -- ............
bF_-- .... -- _..E,?!_- . T 1 . EK!.'KK' .................. .. . -. . - ...... ....-.......-. . _. -. ......... .- ... ..
to1
-. No . .Imu . -
...... .. L_L.d__ ..
...
21 ... m ... -- .- .................... ... . . . -
~e-?. .- . - .-%m.. .. E. . EU.!EED . ... ...... - ..... -- . --___ .. .... ... _ _ ....... _ ...... ....... ... .....
!sE-d .-'270 No
I ,425 NO WPNITE
. .......... . . - -....-.. . -- 1- m . . . .. - II -- ... .....-. .- - . - . .
-
No ....... OW -. YO
EU.-TED .._ .- - - -._ _. .- .!?ZE'O1. . ..I. .. ..?.!?E"? Ho --
-. .. .- . - .-. 0.m & . . . . . - - ... .... ... . .. . . ...
NO - ..:?x 5 . la
vm
....
......
... ... ...
N*td ..-.... EL. No . ........ -- 21 Yo -- .- .- .- - .. .... - - -
. 1- . . '" .- .... .-. -. . . - -. ........ -- ... '.60E?. -7. ..Z =!. ._ ..No EUPlUIE' .
P*rn . .- _ _ . - _ - - - ZIIO -- ...... - m .... E-NlED - ... ._ ....... .. . ........ ..... .
... nd .... . . _ ................ ..... -. _ __ -- _ . . _- . _ ................ ...... ... . . .
S h a -. ... H? .. ... ! - .. ... .-'ln- . -. -. --- .. - .- - .- --...... z. .. -- ---. -......-..-...
%em-..- . . loo0
.- .--!a ...- E!?wrrr" ...-.... - . .... -- . - - -.... - - ... - - - ....... - -. . . - .... - . . . .- .... -. ... - - ......... - -. . . .
E!E- - ... -015.. . No -- ............... ? ....... 0 4 ........ ..NO. ... EU!HL? .... -_ . -- .... _ . . . . . . . -. - .........
uI_*_m_.- .... -. . - . - .- - . nd - . .. ... . _ .. - _. .... -. . . _ .. -. .. .- _ ._ .. _- ....... - -. .. - ... ..... -. .........- .- .... -. .... - ..- - . . . . . - . . . . ...
No 253 Y n
E-: -- . -- ... -. . _ 2% . . . .. .- . .- . .- 1-- .... Y?. . . . . .. - ... . - .... ._ .... - ......... - ............. ? .......... - . . .
.. __ .... - __ _ _. . . _. __ . . _ .. _. _ ........... ....... __ .............. _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ...... . ..... .................. .
.a.
C_*TOU .. -- 0 07 .. .- No ... - . - ..... - 29% - ...... Y n - .......... - . - . ... - . - - - ...- ... -- - ............. .' .. . -. -. ...... - .....
__ _ .. _ .. . _ .............. __ . .- _ ._ . . _ . -- _- - .....-- . ........... ..
-. -- ... - - ... ._ _. ..... - -. . - ...... _. ......... _ ... - .. - - _. _ . - .. - . - . -. . - ........ - .. -. -.. _ -. . . . - -. -. . .- - ....... - ... - . - . . . - . . .
P a d 1016 . ............ .. -. ...... . _. - . .- .. .- . - -.- ... .- ................. - ............ ... - . ......
P a d 1221 . .-__I_ . . _ ... .- . .. __ ... .. _ _ .. __ _ ..... ._ ... _ . ._ ... __ . . . .
&o&t 1232 . ...... _ ..... __ . ... .. .^ . ..-.... ...
&o&t 1242 ._ .. _ NO _ __ _- _ .. . _ .. -. . -__ _-_. ..... _-- . - ... -- ... - - . . . - . . . .
Pmdm I248 ... _. No . _ ... -. .. ...... ._ .(. _ __ . . __ ...............
_ ._ ..
-
-. ....
Pmdm 12% ...... NO
_. . ... _- __ ......... . _ ___ .-.. .........-.-.-.
.... . .
-*I= . - . No .__ ..... - ..... ..... . - ... . .. ............... -. . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
Ee:.E+' .- -. ._ : .
. . ..-.. .... - _ __ .............................
__ .. _ . -.-_._ . . _ _. . _ _- .. ... _ . -.-. --......-... ............ ...
... I-__
.. . _ ...... .- _ ... - __ . _ ... --- .- . . - . ... . .
5- wa=- ........... NO ---- _- _ .._ ... ._ ........ ...... . .- ...... ........... - - ........
. . ...
-Rags . . . . - No . ..... ......... .- . 1 - .. ...... . .
YW OQ NO
1
NoIes'
~trilnUbrd.miumnbrk&ddnaimordnaimVI
' h a bad@-d kveb br .its uaa o W c nolcd
'uru N.hr.I Wpmvld I& Lr V.W Bnin
Smc mpn (Or-. 1991) r e sb-m br -sari prpa" dl. No cmsmmb ur eSmncd baud m h- rnpn
nd- ml-
IHS -1- nu- sutamce
.- * NO de- krd. o, mq mteria naht4c tu rirk m*l.bm. Caamhlat ra nQ sdcdld n an IHS.
lS%adl997Oala

TABLE 7.1-14
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENlNG OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS FOR PROTECTION OF AIR - VEGETABLE GARDEN (INHALATION)
HOLDEN MINE
BASEUNE RISK ASSESSMENT
STEP I
WdUh)
-....
......-
...-..
- ...
-- . -- - . -
. .
......
..........
.
- . . ...
.....
. .
A
.-
STEP 1 STEP 2
STEP 1
STEP I
STEP S
- -
Da
Don
w-
Doa
y.lhnm Constm*n(
fq- C a s M
Doa Y . r M Constitun(
~ C m s l b R d
F a b , (Lbdprl(ls bhan CaCth*nt
~.~ct.d ~.unti.l ~kindd F- d- ~~niubd Brks-
LM.M
Y ~ O ~ A EM E- *.hod6 A- -0 tsrd E-
Prnrtn HYbin(? n n lm? d E.+d -7 n m M 7 & wwmd? n n M? C(rupM Y.lbod A? m n MS? C*l*lp L.rd Unup L.rd l&Od 07 n .nM?
........ _ . _ ... _. ........ ... ........... ........ .. ._ ........
7-.
-. . -. - .. ......................
... -. .. _. . ...... --- .- ..... -. ..... - ....... -. ............... -. .. - .. . . . ..".
lsaD No _- .. ...._. !-.- . .m-. .. . 20.870 - NO WYUUlE -.2 . ..
*- ... .-. -.
-= .. 5.1 .... No
-. - ..
12 !w*
0& --- _ ,..,.. -_-. . ..E - No .. 92
.
No EUmNAlE
... E. - .... -- .. V n - ....... .- .-- -. . . OWE4 - No EUUINA
... !- ... n .. _ _ . 1': . . ...... - . .. - . e.MElO( . - ....... .- -. -F
0.2 No .- _. . .-
... . . 100%
.
Yn
o_! !? F - ! D ...... - -.
-. YO . . .... . ...--..---.... -- -- -- ..
e. . -_._ 2.L. _ No 100%
. - ..... -- ._ .? -- . .- No EUYIW*TE ---_? ..-.. -2 . ----- -- .. ....... - ----
EgyL . - . - ..... ..~. . .La .. %!~EO ............... ....... . . ... - . .. _ . ... -- . .- . .
_ _._ __ _ 28
__.
7
._
No ... .
100% .... Yn .. I1 . No EUYUUlED . _ ... _ . _ -.
, . .................. " .?"IY.. . .11_.. ....... .?l.- . - ... y.n. .- .......... ..... . ..- - - -. . . .. ..
- ....
. - - -- ............ ._YE . EUIIETEO ...... ......... -. . .... .. ....... _. ............. . .......... --- ..- .
Lc.d ._.- _- .. -21- _. . -_ No . . tarY ....... 2! . - ..lZ .- .. .. -. . - -. . ....... 1.. ..--...- -
E . .......... .. .YE . EUYI!? ...... - .... . - -- ..... - -. - - - - . - - - ...... - . -. ..... - ............................... - . - .- .............
~el?~-- ._ -. .-.,!a. . N: .... :. . I- . 10 . . . . a.'.e.. ... N! ... E_UY!EFO . .. ................... -. -
U Y ~- .- ..... -. ...... . - . - - -- . - - . . -. - . . . - . .. - . . . . -. ......... - . - .......... - . . . . ...... .. -- - - . . . . . .
1
.
Ee???E ... 5 ... !5 !- .. . . . . . . . ! . V a
.....
.. - ......... .. - . ...... - . ...... - . - . - .........
NO Ye! - . . ..
.......
.. . ......-
...... ....
.- .... - .!6- - -. I- ._ 21- .N? -. -!TED _. - . . . . . - . . . . -
pern.-. .- ..... - . -- "? . ./?. .. urrn!!lED - ...... ............. - ..... - ........ - - . ...... ... - . - - -. ..-.-.
%? ! . _ ... -- . - . - ........ - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- .-.. . . ............. - . .. .......
..... ...... -
. . -.
%= No ...
..2 CICICI-_-.-_.._ ................... - . (OOY _ Yo. . . O! 77 .- ............... ............... - ..... . -
-!-. . . - --. --- 777 .v.a.. E_U.YVU!=' ..... - .............. - ........ .............. ... . . - - -. -- - . . - . . .
E?!!E-- - .- -- -- ... .-E! .... .. ....... -. ........ ... . - ... -........... .- . - . . . . . - .... -.- . ---. . . . . . . .
Lkanbrn ._ .............. "d ... . .... .... -_ .... .- . . - - ... . . - . . .." ............ . ... .
* . . _ 256 . No .. - ..... I- . . .!E... ....-.. ??? ...... "F. ... .- .. - . -. ............... .. ! . . . .
- ... - .-. . . .... -. . . . ... ................... . .- .......-.. - . . . . -
-
. . . -- - ... - ....
-. ... - .. _. _ .- - - - . - - .. - . . . - ..... _ .......-.. -. - -. _ -... - .... _. . - - .....- - -- - -.-........ - . - . . . ....... -- - - .. - . .
c_rY. Tad - . - ...... - ... . . . _. .... ........ - .... . - ......... --- ..................... - .- .......... - ..... ..... . .
______. . ..... ._~. ...... _ ............ .... . . . ... ._. .. -. ... ...... .- ..... - ....... -. . . -
. . ,_ .... _ . . .......... .. . . _ .... _-. .. _. _ ... _- .-... _ . . _ .. .. . . . . . . . . . _ . __ ............
(016 .... ..... -. . _ _.: .... ......... -.- ......... -. _ ..... .- .....
. .
-
. . . ... -- .. - ...
&dm l=l .. . .. -_ . . .... -. ....... ._ ... . - ... - .- -. .... .......... - ..................... ....... -. .........
*-In= -.-. .. -- _ . . . - . - .... - - ............. -. . - ... - - ... - - .- ....-.. -. .- . -. - ..... - .................. ............. - . . . . ....
kda 1242 .... .- .. . _ ........ _~. - .... _-I --.- _. .-. . -. . .-... - ... -. ............... -.- ........ - . - . . .
-1248 .. . .- . -- .... ...... ._ .... --. . -....... .. - ......... .-. ..................... .-.- -
. . .
1=.. . ..... - _ -. -. . . - .... - . - - .. -- . - - .- - - -. .. - - ..... -. - _ . -- - -
-
....... -- . -. ........... - - .............. .......
-I= .- ._ . ----. ......................
PC*- -- -- _, _ . .. ._ .... -. - . _. . -. ......... - . - . -. ............. - .... - . -. ... .- .......... .- .............. ...... - ....... . .
___ _ ... _. __ _ _ .. .. _ . -- .... _. ..... ....- - -_ .. -. ............ ................. - ...
ma- -. .. _ - _ . . ._ . -. ........ - .. - . - .... - - . - ... - -. .. -. - . . ..- - .........................
. . . . . --- - . - . ....
F.ph = - g e w -_ _.-_ .... -. - ... - . - .... ..... . ................................
mad R-ge .- . - _. -- - - . .. _ - . -. . - . - ......... - .-......... - .
. .
MOmr Ql
Ndcr
~nmg~malorbromum~e(rrmt.ldrmmadr~W
.k. b.ck,& kck lor ule uku omanre noted
WTCA Na&d 8.Cb.vmmd kB lor Y a w B.M
SUt. nngcr @rap 1991) .re a (rr mrnpaam p.pat. cdy No mmOblmb r e e d bned a ha= r e
"d. r m d W
nu- YmMes
-. .NO denup ~mk a t o x -a ~ n-• b mk rr.luh Cmsmcnt rrr nm 'eked n n IHS
1007mu
Ins - *lo#
- Im.lbrk8-
V.p.pb*

TABLE 7.1-15
HUMN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS FOR PROTECTION OF AIR - BASEBALL FIELD (INHALATION)
HOLDEN MINE
BASEUNE RISK ASSESSMENT
Nhr
'Sll-p Crihn. la dwm are la %I dromum a drmum W
'Are. bm-d Imt. la nfc ww" om- ndd
WCA NMd B&md IWdS hx Y**M 8.-
Wash- sate ma (a- 1991) nc hx -unm ~rpan cdy No-*mb .re m a e d bard m hnc r n p n
nd - not deMd
STEP 1 STEP 2
b-
Yumtm Constihlan F- Cons-
Es- ffiM Fnqunsl d
P.mr(n -7 nmlMS7 d M r t a n e z 7 nmMS7
hhrmnd E x d
Y.hodA
L.*d - 4 7
C-pL...L
.. .....-.. ...............
...
.
. . .
re&e&m .. ....... . -. . .. --- .
. -
e . 20300 .... No . . .'mx ._ . .m. .......
........
eEE 108 . NO 1OOY Yn ....
.........
e 101 No .. tomr . . .re - . . .
. -
Ee!EL 02 .. No ---- 100% .... -.
Y" . --. ......
.-....
ce 1.3 W .. ..... 1OOY
.
In .- .. -
c.(dum -_ - . ... 5770 -. -. . .-
Yn -- . EUmW E? ........... .- ..
-- . -
Ey !?: 29.4 . No
2 . . . 1 .. ..
.............:... ...
cz-? ..-.... .- 63 -. - NO . . 2-e .-. Y?..~. ....
. . . .
b r n .._k -!!'E='....- .........
.......
. 1s . ~o . . .. -1%. .........
. .
-%E+!--. ... ......... PO. ... ..YE . E-U!!!-!rrO . .........
. . . - .
Ll- ._ . .. 537 .... K.. ... 'M?C - . " . . . . .
. -
Y ! - - . -. .- . . .
=rn . ..I_. .
e!! . _ . . 18
. ..
...
1270
-8
C-L.*d
..-- .
.- .....................
. -.--.. - .. . -- .-............ ..... -.
327o.-. .... ~o-- !=ED ...-....-. -- --- _ ....... . ..
12 No EUYUUTE -.
D ... .......
310
. ....... No NYUUTE _o .- . . --- . .- . _- . . .
0.2
.
NO .. EUYIWTE - ! .... .- - --. . -
.. L -- .. .--'!. -- E!!.E0 - .-
. .... .- ... ..-..........
-. - ...... -. -- .- ...-.... -- -. . . - - .......... -- .- _ - .
37 No EUYUUTE 0 .......... ...
.!' . I" ..-. . .. ........ --- .......... -..
.-
n ..... N?.. .. E!~-'FO _. . . --.... .. -........ _. ..... -_ -. .- ...
-- .... .... ............. - . . - ............ .... -- ... . -- _ . - . -.
-
1!4?5.. - . . . . E K E 0 .............. - .................. ......... - ... -.
. . . - .. - .................. . - .. - ... -. ....................................... - .........
- NO
100%
W EUWWTE ... . In ...... 12 . .. II ...--- . . . . . - . . . - ........... -. ............
23 No EUYUUTE
.. _..%. ... . . - . ........................ .--.? . ......................... . ........
- . . .. . ! .. 0 ......................-... - . ...............-.............. -- - ......
se(aMn .. ........ -- .... .- ....... .".- .......................... ...........................................
Sihn -. . . - 05 . -- No . . !- . F.. ... ... 9.5. ...... - ............... 2 ..............
- -.
-. - ....... 605 ... !n . EUYINITEO ......... - .................................. ............................... .- . .... - .
?e!!!!!!-L
"d ........ -. ................. -. .... - .................. . . . - - -....... . - . -. ...... - - - .........
Ura"k4" . "4 .. -. . . . . __ .-............... _ . I ....-...... - -....... -. ..-..........
*L ---- -. - ... ._ ...
129 _ ... No - ..... . . !mx. ..I% ..-..... !L53-. ...... .No? . E-.*-s? ..........................................
. -- . - -- ....... - .... -. . - -. ....... .......... ......--.. -. ..-. - - .-. - . - ...... - ........... ................
-. . - -. . - ... - - .. -. - .. _- .. - ........ - . - . - - . - ...... _ . - ... -. ......... - ...... .- --- ....................... ....... ....
c-ryiha . .- ....... - .... - _ . -. .......................... - ......... - - . .. .- . -. - .... - .. - . - ..........
... - .................
.................................. -. . -. .-............. - . - ... - ..... ............ -. ....-... - . . . . . . . . .
-. -- - . - - .. - -.. - ....... -. .-.. -. ... - ......... -- .... - .. - .... - .... - .... .- .- - ... -. ..... - ........ - .-....... - . .. ........ - ...........
*r& 1016 -. ............ -- - . .. .-. ......... . .... . -. ......... . - ... . . . . . - ...............
--_ . - .- . . ..... .- ..............-.. . ....-..... - -...................
I\r*(l32--- .. -. ............... - . - . -- .......... .- .. -. - .-........ - .......... ... - - ._ - ................................
...
~e!? . _ - -- -. -- - ..... - .... -. . - . _.- - ....... . . ...... - . ......... - ..... - ......... .- -- . . .... - . . . . . . . .
1248 . ..... ......
................. .....
..............
* r e 124( .- ..... ..... ......... - ....................- - . . - . ..-, ......- . - . . - .......... .: .. -. . . . . . . . . . . .
Ar* . - - .... _. ....... -- . . - - .... .- ......... - ........ - ............. - ... -- ............................
... - ..... . .
"Bs.toW . -. .... .. -- ... - ..... - ...... ....... ........... ... ... .. ...........-... ....... -- - . . . . .
........ -. - ... -. -. . .- .- - .... - -. - ...-- - .-. - . .-..-. -. . . . . . . . . . . . . ...............
-- . - .. -- . -. . -. --- .......... .- . .- ........ -. . - . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . .
- .....-. - .... ...... _ . - -. .............. . - . .- ...... _. ..............-..
.- -
.. .- .. _. ... ..-.......
...
cu- R== -
MS. h&.ta Hu~daa Svbrtarr
-- = No d e w levdt tonmy cnhna nlde hx nrk er.luamn ComuMnf m nn sdcdd a .n INS
Is97 Dab
STEP 3
b Y u h w m
nadA.noc5ee- . ..... - .................. ._ ....... - ...... _. -- .... _. .. - . _.
M&Od
--
ConulMI
Ekrk.M
nmMS7
STEP I
Don
bhun,
&cad
*.hod*?
Con-
E-
n o W ?
F-br
A m &
RhL
STEP S
Ubdpdik
-8
W.r*tpLnd
Do..
U.hurn
Ezc.d
-07
Conslhd
EBnk.M
mnlHl7
STEPS
MS.torLLolLLol
B-FhM
WuWkmJ

TABLE 7.1-16
HUWlAN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS FOR PROTECllON OF AIR - WILDERNESS BOUNDARY (INHAIATION)
HOLOEN MINE
BASEUNE RISK ASSESSMENT
-- -
STEP 1 STEP 4
STEP 8
STEP I
IMS. k. sdil
Yub""m
Wadrnnl
D.(rOd Es..nthl
-A
ukkdd
Baud.*
-
Pa-
Ihdrid7
C * n u p W
anlW7
(hbldhm)
.....-....
. --. -. -............... .
.............
17500 No 100% Yu
.
........
I I .4 ..... -1 ..........-... lWW Yn
...-..
"-- . -. .... .-
93.1 ... -- No ..-...-...- Imw.. .
......-
%E?. -. _ .... 0.2 ............. No IW% .. Yn
F!E!2 . . . . 3.1 . No - . ._t.- TO..
. . . ............... 6Uo ....
. . . . . .
- ".
. ~
-- . . ". ...
.*.
. .
-- .
-.
. .
YU ... WYlNAT
STEP 2
STEP I
Don
Don
W.hnnt
Castimml
Don YlrhVrn Constih*nt khun
Frtor-
. . LlbdpFLR
am-
:y?'Mwd EIW Elhhdd E.c.d
-8
-0
wI.td
= z E MT a= Ln.f 8.dpmmd7 "nM7
-A?
C - M
Ilhb C-hd
a a M 7
..............-......-...-..
.
. .......-.-..
.-..-... .. - .- .- .-. - -- - .-- . -
. . 20.870 M EUrnNATED
.
...... 12
.-. No EUWNATE 0 .- . ... .-. ..-.........
. - . E . . No .
EUYIMTE ..........-. ... :... ..--...............................-..
. 02 .- -- No .- WYNATE .-........ .- . ...... -- ..................
. . . . . . - -No - ELMME . P. .-. --...-..-.--.. -. .- ............................................
C_.L*.? - -- - -. - U1
EE!E- . .-a ............ .n.s . .
..
................................. - . - -.- . - ..............................................
-.
. . ..- . y a . . - 37
........
NO EUWNATE
-. . . .............................................
EE?! ...... 147 . - NO . ._--A_- .!mu -.. . ... 27. ..................... Y n - .............. ...... .............................................
. - . -- ......-...-. - . - . - . 2 % ............................... . ............ .- ......... ........................
Le.o-- ....................... . . -- No . . !PO*. .. "e? ..-.... .- I1 -..--. m - . - --.............- ......-.-...-... -I ...............................
!Fe!?!. ....... -0. . .. ...-......-.. .......... ........................- -- . . . . . . . . . , ..........
!?!% ............ 4:2 . . . . !? .....-. -..- Yn ....... I.?=. ..... Np_ .... ELIYI.EEO .- ................ .......... ..-...... .- ...........
!ZS?!L ...................... -. . - ..... ...............
............ .............................
M - ~ . . - -........---..... 2 4
No 'EX . .L? ... ....... 12 Yn
..... -- ................................ -4. .. , ......... .- .........
EE- . ... .!'. .---. No .--- '*'*. " ... 23 NO EUYlNAlE 0 ...... ..........................
.........-......
'!Ee ............ --.'.?.. -.. ..vn . i"E** -- ...- .'J . ......-.-... .............. - .... - . .....- - - ......-..........-. . . . . .
s*-. .. - ........-... ........ -. ...... - . ................... ....... .- ... - ......................... . . ..........
Ez' p.-_-.--...__ .- 06
. ..... -0.5 ...-. y_o_. ....................................... 2-. .... ...........
=*2.- .................................. 647 Y"
...........................................
-. .. ....... . __- ..........................
nd -2. .. -- . _- - ......--.-- .-.
............................ .. . ....-...-.-. ................. - .................
E?? ........... _-A _:. .. .F.' ........... 507. .- ..............-.....
Ye.
10 ................................ Y"
4 ...-..--.... .....
tlr_ 303 ...... NO. - ..... mat. ... 'n .-... 2' . Yn . ..-........... : .......... .?. ......... - . . . .
.
.................................................... - ...........................
. . . . . . . . . . . .
-. ... . ..> , ........................................ .- ...............
............. ...
. .
C-rt"*?!??'.-.- - ..-.-.. .- - . NO. .. .................- .......... . -- .................. .- ...................................
. ...-. -. ...................................
-- ......... -. .. ........................
...........................
-w.-. - . ..... .- . - ............................. . -. . . . 1- .......................................
-
~Ee!!?c-.- -. .. .- ......-. - . No ... .- , ...- - . - ......-....... .- . --... ...... -- .... ...........................
.............k&et
1221 - . .... . - .. No -. ......................... - ....-...-......a -. . :. . - ..............
....................
~(Z* .........--........ .- -- M ..... -_ .................. - . - - . - . -- .....................
. . . ...............
~?!?EEr 'Z .............-..-. - No - .. - . .- ....... - ................................ --- . -- . ----- - ...........................
......... . . . . . . . . . - .
- 1248
.- . .- ....... .- No - - -- ............. - ...--.....-...........-. -. . .- .... .- .- ...........
LmdolItY
-
,. ...... ... ..........
..- ! . .... .. - ... . - . -...-..- - ........... ....................
*roslao . . No
, . -- .... - .. -- . .- . -. ....-.......... - - ...... - .. -- .......... - . - ... -. ............. . . . . . . . . .
PCB.E.1. -- --- . . -.
NO
. .. -. .-.-...... - .- -. - - - . .- . -- -.. - -...-..... - .................
. . . . . . . . . . .
- . - . - ... .... -. . - ...........-..... .- . - ....... - .... .............. - ............. . . . . . . . . .
. -- ........ .. - .- ---. -- ......-.-.. . - .-.......-.-...-.. - .......... . . . . . . . . . . .
=-- l*a--. . No . -- .. -. .
--........-...-.... .- ...............
. .- . .
. .- . No - . -. ............ . -- . -. .. -- .............................
. .
NO
bm "W .
- Don
Y..h"m
-87

TABLE 7.1-17
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS FOR PROTECTION OF AIR - MAINTENANCE YARD (INHALATKIN)
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
mxbmm
MrOd
STEP I
Con.tb."%
E..mlW Elink.Dd F-
STEP l
Do..
F n q u m Consliw-7l
d- Wmiutd
STEP 3
Don-
Barnrand E M
ConstmM
Ellmiuhd -A
STEP 4
Da
Ynbmm
I3c.d
Con.tihm(
Em7bld.d -8
A-*
F&k
A#gmm.b
STEP I
m.4p.d~
*.hod0 -
STEP 8
Don ms.fe.soabinm
thmhml-
EIhlhtd Y d
PaarOa Nubht7 n n M 7 d--6%7 n.nlHS7 hd' B.cLp.oud7 1.mwS7 Clutuphd -A7 "nMS?C*nuplml Rkb C h u p h d -87 nmMS7 @nh.l.tbn)
-
-_ . . -. ............ -.I_._ . .. ........ ...
&Se@@&?-. . - . .. - - ..... . - _ . ........ __ -. .... - -_ . . - ...... -- _- ... - -. .. - . -. - - -- -.. - ....... - .. _ - ..... - . - . -- -. ....-...... .- .. - .. - .- - . -- ........
AhlnaUm 17500 ..... No ... 100% .. Yn .. __ . - .-I.-_
20.870 No EUNINATEO .....- ..-.- .. - . -_ .- ....
e!k . .-
4.3 . _ No .. ...... .L%_ ..I?.-. .......... 12 No EWMTE -.-o..- ...... - -- -. ._-. .- ... -. -- .- . . ......
717 . No . ... Dcm ... !. ..... -. 110 Ya . . 9ME.M - ... ... Q.MEQ( No EUWNAIE P . .- ..
0.1 No . 75% Yn 02 No E W W
____----- -- - .. -. _ ... .- ..... -. . . -- ...... ?E' _- -. ..... - . . - ..... - . - . .....
21.6 No Yo 8.01E+02 127El02 No E-TE
-% ._-. !-OX ..... E. ._? .- 1 r) .--....
5760 ... Y" EUYlWTE ---P ....... -- .. _. ----.-.I--I. . - -. ----- -
33 No .. 100% Yn ... .. __ 17 _I.-.- No EUNIMIEO .... _- -- ... _. .. I .. _---- . .. .- .
No IOOX Ya 51 ".
EfE! . -1(60. . - . -- -_. . .. ....... --- Yn . ....... _ ..... .-_. ...... .. - ..... ..... .. .- .-...
lim __ MlOO Yo . ELININATE0
I-.- .. ...... ............ _._. .. . .-. _ . .... .
.
Lead 1070 No _!om.. -!.?... . 21 Ye. I .- ... -. ......
U.pnn*nn . I1400 ............ Yn EUYrWTEO . . ... ._ . . .... _. ....... .- .......... . .... .. - .. . . . .
426 No 1.425 No EUYlMTE
'I? -. .. .... ...... _. - I- ... m ....... .. -. . .............. .. .... -- ...... .........-....
U5-v LVr__-.--.__..... _ . .........-... .. ._ ...- _ .................................
..........-.- .
-
.. -- - . - .. -- 16 ... - No - - ..... -. . . . 100% --- ... Y" ............. .- I .2 .. - YI . -- ................-. - . -- -- .... - .? ........ - .... - ...-.. . . .
--
21 -2 NO
~-.. .-.ren. n ~o EWMT
. . . . . . . . . . ..... ......
-2 ... MYI . --YE. .. tUYBUTE0 . . . . . . . ........ - -_ . ._ .. -- ............. .................
S_ W-.__. m
. . ........... -_ ._ .. .- . . ... __._ _-.... ...... _ __ . . . . . . ................................
NO
.-.- L -- .. -- . . I-.. .. . . . 0:s .- -- Y"
".
. .- ... ...... -. ............ .? ............ ......
... . .'?! ... - . . " 0 ................................. . - - .. -. . - . . . . . . . . . _ .....................m.plum_
. - . - - - . .-
nd .................. - ...... .- ......... - ..... - ...... -- ........... - .- ............. -- .... - .......... - ........ - . ....... . .
%-!-_ - -_. ......... nd .......... - . . . - . . . . ... - .... ........ ................ _. . : .............-.- -- .
251 Ya
*-- .- . - . ._u'O.-. . NO . .- - . ... loox,. .,.!?_ .............. -_ ... . .- ... .- ".
........... -. ......... .- .. - 1 . . . . . . . . . . . .
- - .... .............. - 7.- --. . . - .............
. ....... ........ .. ......-. .
- -. ......... -- ....... -- . . -. . . . . - . . . - .- - . - - .. - - .. - . - ...-.............- - ...... - ................ . .
5eL'.* . ............... .... .- ... - . -. ...... . .- - . --- . . .................................... . - ......... - ..
-
-. .. - .- .... - .. - .. .... - .................. - ........... - ... -- .- -- - - . - ... - ... - - . .................
-
_ ..... . . . -- ... _ ._ ..... . I_.--._ _ _ .... .- ........ .... . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . .
k- 1016 . . .-
"d _ _. - _ - - ... - ................ .- .... -. _..- - . .................. _ ..................................
ke!?GEL . _.. . .... _ nd ........ . - . -1 .... - . .. .. ..... - . _ .- -. - . -. ... -- .......... .- ......................... - .... . . . .
(212 -- nd ...... -- .. . - ............. - -- -- . ............ - . .................................
nd
'2.2 ,.- ... . ..... ........ .- ..... -- . - ....... - _- *. ...- - . . . _ ............-..... ................. - . ...
nd w-x -. ._ --- _- .... ...... - - -. .......-......... . -- . -- ... . . - .-. . . . . . - .... ......................
....
e!E .
"d .. ... . - .......... -. - .. . - . -. ........ -_ -- ....... - . ..............-.. . - ......... ".
*m(or I260 46 No 75% Ye .. .. . .. ...... _ . . . . . . . . .
46 No
...
p c - .... . - .- ... .- -- 7% .-m-. . ....... .- .. . -- . ..................... 1.1. ..............
-. - -. .- .... -. ..-... - . - . - .....- -. ........... - . .- ...... .- . -. .. . - - ... - . - . ..................................
. . .
_ ... _ _. ..-............ . - . __>__ . . . ._ .......... . .
. ... .
EP-."Ocnva- 140 . - No ... _ 75% . Ye - ....-.. ..... --.- .. - -.-.... .. ................
@=='-"-?!? lzmD No -.!oox_.. .*.. . ....... ..............-..
1 42Et= . . . 1.45." m ~umtcii~o
wIaw sum No lm Yo ".
".

. . . . -- m3zri .. ........ . . . . ........................ . -..U".-. _XOO'- . .-_. - .-.ON . --on m'o4.1 .
: 0vkm . ON_ . . .... . . . .... . .. ... .. ....... . . A Wl ON .so+222?. .- ._ - _ - _. - -- .- .. . NZ
-@+I .- -n puu
. . . . . . . . . . PU -@+I dm3 awa2)
__ . . . . ._ ... ............ .. . -
... . . . . . . . . . __ .... _ ....... ... . __ .. _ . _. -. ._ __-
. . . . . . . . . . . . . -. . . . __ _ ._ __
-
... .... ........ _"
-.
..-.......... . . . . . ... .. . ... . w FX'l 'WJd
-- ._ ._ - ._ . .- -_--- -
..... . - ..........................
__ PU OSLl .. . . .. ... q w
^__ __ _
.............
PU lul . . . - _ ... _ .......... .. _ ... ... _. . .... .... apow
._ -
PU mz1 .............. _. ....... ................. . . . .._
.... .
. . . . . .......... . .. ... ............ . . . ...... . w ZtZl apol)l
__ __ _ ._ _ __. __ ___ _ --
ZKZl ..... - .... .... =Pow
._ . - ...- -..... - ... _ .. - .- .- _ ... ..... - -. . - . . . . -- - .... - .- -.--....... ...? .
....
PU lUl apow
. - -.. . __ . . . . . _ . . _ ._ ........... ... .- ...... _ . .. -- _- .... .
PU 9lOl mpDlr
... ........ _ _ . . . _ . . . . .... ._ . ... _. . _ __ .... ___ . ........ . - _ ..la.
0 . . 4". 4-
-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ........... ... . . . .
..................... ...-... .-.. ....... ... a-.. ... .. . ... .- .-.~- . -. . . . . . . . .- - .- . --- - -
Wl '.pFp13
. . . - . . . . -. ... ___ ___ _- . _ ........ _ - - . . - . - -........ --
.. - - . . . . . . . . . . . ......... - . - -. . . . . . . . . - - .. - - -. ...................... .- . - . .....-... .... . P .... -
- -. -- - .- -- - -
- - . . . . . . . . . ......... _ ........... ___ .............
____ .... ._ . . _. . __ - .
... ............ . .
w
. . - . 2. .- ..... ... ._ ... . ....... Y* _ . EL _ xoo! ON. . mlu. . - ....
... . . . - .. - ...
unna4-l
..... - . . . . . * . . - -. . _ ........... . 6 .. .O2. .- .. - . ? . . . . . . .. 1 ... -
. -. -- ................... ... ....... ...... _-. . ..-." _ l o ..... ................... OH . . -5. . - . - =w-ll
116
Ynpq
- ... .. .... ........ ............... - . - . .- ...... . - .............-.. - ..- o31mmn3 -. - . _ _U& . .-
... .- - - .- -- z
. .CD .... - ._ .... - U? . _..M! ..... _. . ON. .. 11 __- -.
uyg
. ...-.. .. ....... .. -. - - -............ - . .... ..- .. .. - -.. -
........ - ......... ....... .. .- ..-. .- . .- - . -. - . -, . _ - .- .- . - - ...............-.-. ....... - - -. . -. . - .
--A. - .. - - -- . .- V-- P S
................. - ........... 3 . G . . 01Ct -- . .. . *=I%
... .... ....................... ". . -- - ...
11 PViN
. . - ..-................ - .-- ......... : 0 ON . ~ . . . . . 4 . ................. ?. .
.................................................................... ... _. - _ - ...... 3 .... Z _ l . ........ U_* . - XM! ........... ON. ..-..--.. t1 --.. - . Yn-Pww
_ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ ...................... . . - . - . .
m n
_-._ ............. _
.... .- .. . - . ....... ..... _-. . ...... .._ . o_ 3IVNDW3 . & --. ON ..... Kt'l ........ .:A- .. xw! .. _ ?K.. -. ..rp --. .-.
3-U
031mmn3 -A m1o1 Ynpxdoyy
..... - . - . - . - . - .. - ... - ....-.. .... _ ... _ . ............ _ ...... -. ........... ... . _. .-
...
...
ON . . ............. . . _..L . . - . .-.. . .. -. ---. .... .... . . OLO . .
Pal
... "5 11 - . -. U* xmL - .- --- - --
-11
. . . . ... -- ..... ... ... .- .. - .... . -- . .- . ...-... .. ........ .- ... -_ ... oummn3 - - . ?A. . ooo*.. -. ....
." "A 15 U A KDOl ON . __ . _ mlt~ -+4-Cl
.. . ... _ __ _ _ .. . . ._ . . ...
- -
....... -_ . . -
.- ... -. - . - .. .- a m m n 3
.-
ON . LC . . .. . .. -- ON . -.-R.- - .- - S=
DL10 YWP3
. .- .-- .. . -. . _ ................ - . - ......... -A Wl qunc?l . 0* .... - .
Z0.3ICO ........
to1 YW.3
%!. . _ -..-L. PSEL .- . 11?- . .--I .. --.. %.. -.- .- .
-A Z 0 ON .... . .- ..... ... ... -* -
C'O
. -- "%-3 . Ow .J.'?ii'L! . I ..... ~~Ur-0 ..
.- .- .
10+3*6 OLC ON c u wnua
.. o_u_rn= -..ON_- nr35 . ._ .- . -... _ - .- !?I.-- . - -- .. UA. -. . = ... -- .. .
--
ON
. . .....
... . .. .. ...... . ... ......... --.-..
*wW
-. . .. OUE!!!? ._Y. .- -2 IDL. 1. .C.-.
. . . --- ...... -A OLO'OL ON 005cc
%._ ......... .. ........ ._ .- ... ._ ... . ........... FA... ---rn!. . -- - .... .. - -.-.- -
..I..._-__ .
-
...... ........... _ -
....-...-.. -- . - .
IU9PFP*I ~ ~ LO- m u V--I~'UW mu Wdna(a d a a w a LV- ~ y d - ~mu- L-VE pul LSW-a ~ n s ~ a . 3 ~ 9 ~ Ls4t-n 9 . a ~ u-ww uqllqll.lrq
-d
-vl--l wwwl3 pm3 0- -v 0- m par3 v- psnCY3 pm3 purmq- p.plqluRuqpq.aPUb4 -3
pgun.3
-PO4*SW tl.*qlluq WW -Ma =d-3
W0.W
lU"Wluo3 -3
)urpg~uo3 . uuuoW
lucUtnq-uql
uql
ruus.nlpr
uql
uql
9 d31C
9 d US
V d310
C d31S
Z d31S
L d31S

TABLE 7.1-19
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF SURFACE SOIL SAMPLE RESULTS FOR PROTECTION OF AIR -FOREST SERVICE GUARD STAllON (INHALATION)
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Y u h
DkcM
F-y
P.nm(.r
C - - ' T
. . .
-
e%eemm!!-- ..-. ....... -- ........ -. ..... .... - -.......... .-
-...-......-.
? . . tOlW ....... No - low .
YU .......
. -- ..-
E!?E .... 2% . No .-. lOOX ...........--.-..
Ye'
UCL .
E!? .. 0.4
.. No .... . 100% - - - Ya ........
...-....
8?!!52_ -- ............ - 0.22
. No ......... loo.* - -- .. Ya ..............
......
5-! .- ....... . .. - 2.1 ... No . .-.!OOX ... 1.2 .
E???E.- .. _ . - .
...
...
42M) . Ya .. EUWMTE P - .... .
......
Unaium' 21.1 No low m .......
.-.....
E E _ .. --- -. . - . . - 61.8 ... - No -. - . -.
IOOU -.. ............-. Yn -
....... - . ....
"rn~ ...... .-.. 276m -. . Yn EUYIWTE .. - 0 . ............-.
. -- . .
lz?! ......... - 84.1 .. - No . - -. .. !.?! . !?. . .
.
%PeE . . - . -
Mapmare
? ? ! . -- .om ....
Ud- .- .. .. --
EEL .-
182 --
Pee? -- ....... ... _!?El . . .
"d
w-rn-. . - .... - ... --
%?- -. --- .- -nd . . .
S.*! ---- - . -??!.
!!!eE-_- .. -. -.. 0.11 ...
'EeE. - - . - ....
".L . '5. -
- - - - . -. ...... -
-.-
".
ms~brw-
00"
Don
m-
00"
F m t
Castthrad
P-)r Cons-
Don Yuhwm hstiMt
Muirum eartlbml
F m b r SBdpr(Rc wbvm Con.tlarra5w.k.M
E-tW Elhind.d dMr(m Ehbrd B a M m E x d EllmM.d E.ad EtirnNd *.hod8
A-
-B tud Elbnh.M SbLkm
Nbtrimn nnlf7 dD.bcamtadSX7 msrrlHS7 bd' Babpmd7 nnlHS7chmupbd -A7 n n W 7 C l w p l m l Rid CL.atrpW -07 msnIHS7 -ha)
......-.... . . - - . ................ -. ... ---- .... .
. . .
-........ - . - ..
....-.-.-........... - .... -. - ...-.-.. -- . - .. -- - -. . -. --.-............. . -. - - -- . .
??:'5'0 .. No .. EUUWI E? ..-.-...... .. . -- .
.. .-
12 ... -. Yn - ..-. .
1.OOEIOZ -........ 7 -- 1 5 0 1 Yes .....-...
.~EO .... e. . E.U3YLTED . . -- . ---- ..
.. -. ...
.- 0 2 ... -.
In ..... -- ......... .-
6,bIE+OZ ..... 7 -- O24E+O1
. - No NYUU . %?
2. . . . -!?. .- EUglUTED - .-.-....... -.... - .............. -. .. .... -_---
....................... ....
.......-...
................
. .-.-.
37 No EUPWIM
. ............
.
..... 51 - ... -. . Y" - ..... . -- ............ .-. ............. -- ....... .- ... ..... .-
...- . -. - -.-.... - .
. - .-..- :-
-- 21 ...-.... Ye.
. ....... .- -. . .-.L .- -- .
. ' 3 . . . .................................. .-......... -.-...........- -. ..... - -- -....... -. .......
low --. YU .
!?25 ... %.-- WPHITEI) .............. ... .:.. ...... - ... - . ............
E ... . Yet . . . ..OF. : ..... NO.. ... E!.-TE ..................
........................ .... -. ...... .- ........
............ -. .....- ... -. ...... - .......................
- ......................... - ...........-. -. ............
.. ..NO.
c.- . m. . . . . . . 5. . . No-. .. -F!E ................... ..... ..... - - .. .........
!? .. E".%W?E'J .. ............. . . -. . -. . - - - - -. - . - . -. .............................. - ... - .......... - .... -. - . . . . . -
......... - .....- - ..............-.-- . - . - --.. - ...................... . - -............-...... -. . . . . .
- .--. .- ---- .... -. . . . . . . . . . . . - -....-.......... -- . . . . . - - . . . - . . . . . . . . .
. -- ....... . . .
............. Yu EUWWTE -. .? ... -- ..... ................... .... - - - ........-....-... .- ......-.....-.-.. - .......... - .. - .. . - .........
~o .. - - .... loox - -... - Yu . .- .-..... -21 . . - -....... No EWW - - .. ......................... .- -.... .-......... - . - ...
-. . - . - - . . . . . . . . . -- . . . . .- .
-_ - .- ............. - ........ ....... - -- ...............
. NO- ... !ar*-. . --.In_ ....... n3 ..-..-...- . No .- EUUIMTE _o - ......... .......................... -- ..... - . - . . -
.......... _ . - - ... - ....... ......................... -. . -- .................................................. - ...............
............ ..... - -- ........-....-.-.. - .....- .. .- ........................- -
....... -.'. -....... - .... -. - - .... - ........
C_rE!sc?!E . . - -- "d -- .............. - ......... -. .- . --- -..-.-..-..-.... -- .- ..-................
- ..... .............- .......... - - .-
-.... ............... . - ... -. -
-
.-....... - .. -- . -. ............. - .--. - ............................... - .....-......-.. --. .... - ... . .
. ................ ----. . - -......... - .. .....-. ...................... -- . .- . ..... -. . - . ...........
-2- . -. . ... -- . . ............. .- .. .............................................
--- -. . . . . - .
kcnr . -. . - .. .... -- - ... ...........:.... _-_ ..... - .................................................
-2LE -. -- ._ .. - . - . ,-- ......................... - .......... -. ....... .............................................
. . . . .
1242 . ..........-- . -. . - ............................ .- . -...... .- -. .--...... .- -. . ..... ............... . -. .. .......
Ador 1241 - .. .- -. -.-- ........... - ...... ..
-.-......... ........................... .......-..
kZ12Y .- - . .- -- ....-....-.. -. . -- .-.-....... . -. - -... ............. - .... - ..................................
k& I260 .---. .-.-.... ... ....--.--. .. ---- . .... .......................................
P- --_ -- .. - - ... - -. - . -. ........... - .. - ..-... - . -- . . - . - . - . - .. - .-.-. .- .. ...........................
................... . .
-- - .. - . ... -- - . -. .... -. . - -- -. -........ - -...-........ -- ..... - - - .. - ..............-... -. - ..............................
~ " " m R ? J- d - - .... -. - . -- . - - -- . . - .....--.... - ..... -. ...... - . - -. . - ............. - .......
.........-...
. -
oPa*----1 ..... -- - --.-...
--
..-................ . . . . . ..... . .
... . - _ . - ...... ............... -. . ..........
. .~ .
. .- . .
M* Ol
Nom:
ScrembgMa*hrchMi,m~ebrbhdr~niunu~miumVl
.&I. bbpmdlnch tm r*r d a a am&e rmd
*tTu kbmd eMpound Web hv YsUm bsh
~St.trrnpn(b~.199l).rertarnbr-~p.porn+. NocDnmOladrndninate4b~rn0merapl.
"d- nddclcctsd
W-l"6csm~SIdrbna
--Nodt-Wdub~rnhrund&cIskkn.*lfim CamatrunotsdcNdnaIHS
19% Ddl
STEP 1 STEP 2
STEP 3
STEP 4
STEP I
STEP

TABLE 7.1-20
HUMAN HEALM SCREENING OF TAILINGS SAMPLE RESULTS (INGESTION)
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RlSK ASSESSMENT
STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP I STEP S ITEP 6
Don Don Don
l ~ k U m Castht Fnqusr).d Comth*n( DonYnkUm Ca*th*n( *nkUm Con.1*unt I(bSpdk kkua Con-
- ~.~tid ~liniu~ ~~~d - EM- ~.rrd ~~nhdd YMA - - E- - @ -a E- IHSshw
P.rartn -7 a.nlHS7 D.hctla ExdOX? a nlUS7 L.rb Brkgroltnd? n nl)(S?
-
ChmupLn.1 -A1 n.nlIU? C*NpL.r...l lmE.01 Yhod Bl slrlIU1 Tdibqa
.- ........ _ ...................... ... .. ............ __ .. . . .-.-.
.. . .....-
Yu . 8 WE*
%!&!. .- .. . .- .... N! ..... .... .OOY ............... : . - .. - _.. - . ... 2- . -. . . . _.bOOEQ?. No. %"!5?ED ..-.....
AIYCniS 6.5 . No . . EX.- . 15 ....... 12 .. - No - ..
ELWNA
-. ................. .-. ... . . . . .
Imp NO lam . Ya. . . . . . . .... . .. ....... .. .. . 5.60E.03
a=-. .... -. ...... .- . -. .. .- ... .- . . _ t!'? YE.. - -- - .- -- . ... .- . I-.?:..
. ..-8 ...... EU" .....
Bapum .- -- .- -- 0.2 - .- No -- 367, .- Y" .... 02 .. No UJWNATED
. .. ..... ".. .........- ... - - -. .= . .- ....... .- . .. -. . - - .... - ............... ... .- ....-.
CEE!? .......... 1.3 ... - NO ... ... %?-. ..... Yn _ ........ -1 ....... No ELWNATE !' ....... ..-. ............ ... --- -. -. ....................... .....
. ... . . 16000 .... .... .
.-.-. .-.. ......... ...
Y" . ErnNATE 5%- .- - - - 0 -_ - -. .......... - ..- - --.
......- 29 ... No .. ... 7OX . Yo . - . . . - 37 .. - ... .- No . ELWNATED - ..-.. -. ... - .. - ... - .-........ - .... .- . - . ... -
-6 .......... . ..UZ.-. .. -. No - _- . IOOX . . In. . . -. -. 57 - .... Yu -- .... .... ....... 2.96EIO3 ... . 2.qCIE101- ..__No_- ... E!!E!ED .....
I t ! .---- . ._A?!?-
...
- . "5 .. -TE ..................... - . .... . -. -. ..... ... ....... -. ..................... - - . - -
Lr.d .... - 2% ..... No - ...1- .. Y" . . . . . 2_( .... Yn - ............ 250 Ho EUYDUTE ? ........ ........................
lt7W . ...
.- .-
M-- .... V?! EW*.E? - . . . . . - -. .. - - ...... - . -- .. ........ - ...................... .
%y!!!zP. . .. 500 ................ No - ..:... 'mx.
-
. v_? . . . 1.425 .-- .... No .............. EUMINATE ? .. -... .........................
!E!!?z!?!? . - _ ........... . 0.35 -...... No . .- ... -- . 1mu - Y" ow -. Y" ?. EUYUUTED -1. . - . . .
. .... ......... ........ .... . ..
-..-..
95% Y"
!%e!-! ........ - .- - ..?I2 - .. - .. -. .. - -
.. y"
?? - - . . . . - ............. - .... .- 4.~~102 . .! +02 , . .NO . EUYIN??~
%cl-... . .... L._- . .-M? . - . TI. ..... 25. ..... %... .. %I!'!'?!- ...........- - .....-.... ... - . . . . . . . . . . . .
P-se!!~ _- ........ ..
MOO ... - EUY1NEZD ...... .. -. ol.l .5,. ........ .............
. . . - ...................
.
-- ..-.. -. 28 ..................
NO L??+ . In . *_ .. Yo .- ........................ .- . - . 3 1 . .mE.ot.. . ! . E_U-!I%!?
. .-
34
.
NO . -.-- ... 82n - . . . . . - . P? ... In -- ............ -. ...... . - ...... 'PO'?"? . -2.. .2.00'"?? ... No . .?'!IIUTED
%!?! _ -. . - . - - 14000 ..... Yn
...
EUPNATE - .- .... -0 . - - . . . ...
................ .- ... ....
....... ~-
1.1 ... No . - ........ 3 . . . . - ...... ?! . .- ...... _ ..... .- .. ....... .LEE.?. . . . . . --!~oE?. . . .h.. . LLIYIIU!ED
*- - . .... - - .----. -. "d -- ... - . - . .- ...... .- . -. .... .- . . . - -. .- --- .....-- - -- - ....................... - -.....--....- - -.-....---..-. -- . .- .
NO * 253 I"
. . --61.-.. . -- ... .!% .. ln. ...... . - ................... .- .. .UIE+OI- _.?. . . ?P_EEIOI . No. . -.W"'-
.- -- . - ... -- . - -. - ..... - ....... - ........ - .. - ................ - - - -..-.. - ..-. - ...-..- - .--. - .............. - -. ......... - . - .............. ..... . . .
- . - ........ ._ ............. . - .. - . -. ...... .... - - . - . _. . ... - ..................................
- _. - . - ....... .- ........ -. ......
c-.Ta -- .. 049.. ... .? . . .... ro . . . . .- .- .....-... .................. - .....-....... 4
-.
'@Ef.?= .. ...e . N!!"FD .
-. -- .................................. .. .......................................
.... .....
- ...... __ ...... _ .. -. .... ......... _ ......................................... .... .- .. _ ..........................................
hlxlo1(016 ... -. .... - -... -. ........ _ . .- . . _ ................... -. .... - . . - ..... - .......................
............ - . - . . . . . . -
bod= -- 1221 - -- - -. . .- - - . - .. - ... -. .. . - -- . - . - .......... -, ..... .- -. - .- . -. .. -. ...... - . -. - ......... - ....... - ......................... - . . . . . .......
-a 1232 -. . ... - - . -. ............. - . ._ .- . . - ..... - ....... ... .- .................................
....
!.!.2! -. -- . .. . - . - . .- ..... ... ... -. . - ...........................
. . .....
-e%!E! - -. .... -- i- . -.- ...... . -.- - - -- . . -- , .. -. - .................. - . - .............. . . .
.....-........ -- ..- . - . -. . . -. ....... - ......... - ... - -- ....... ............... - . . . . . . . . . . ....
hZZ- .- - . - - -- .- ... - - . . - .....-..... - -. . -. . -. ... - . . -- - ...................................
-. -
PC2%!?!?.- _. .. . -- -. - - --- . - . -_ . -. . _. ...-........ - . ....... _ . - . ....... _. -. ............. - ... .- .-........
- ....
.- . -. ... -. - .......... - ...... _ - .... .- ... . --- . .- - .. -- - .- .... - ... .- ..........--.....-. - . . . . .
. .
- - -- - - . .- - - - .... .- .............. ... - ......... . . . .
---:.: .- . ... -.-._.A_
.........................
-0rRaoc- . .- . -- . - ... - - . ---. . --- .- . .... ... - . .......................
UDma
- W.SM,~ wen.
Notn:
ScrrainpMsi~br~rnrrb-tcWdMmadM~Vl
.PM.w~andmbbrutcvllmam~endrd
'urwN.b..I8.ckpdkebbrY.fbru8.M
.
nd. nddHedd
199l)am shmm b- eonpui.a
+. No smrtmme r. sbm.(td bned a h mrmgn
IHS-Inb~HlrrmursVbrbnn
No dc-kebormxim# & nd.blc lol mkn~!uaDn Cmbm m not.dtded n a IHS.
--.
1991 -1991 D-. ~ut.rr and Udnp m+v
'

TABLE 7.1 -21
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF TAILINGS SAMPLE RESULTS FOR PROTECTlON OF AIR (INHALATION)
HOLDEN MINE
BASEUNE RISK ASSESSMENT
1W.k~
*hhodA
-
P-
C*rupL..ml
Qnh.ldlm)
...........
.. .- . - - ... - ...................... -- ........ ...... ........ - ............... .- . - .... - ......-.......-..... - ....... - .. - - -. ....... - . -- .....- .- .....- - .. .
P nium ........ .-.- .-HO ............ _..'mx -. ..I!! ......... 20.870 YO -....... . .... . -- .......
Ane(*c ............. .- 6 5 ...... NO ......... .-.EL ... In .... -. ... ._ ............. 12 No - ... LUlllW . - ......... -. -.. ..... ..........-. -- . - -- --. .. -
No 310 In O.ME.04
#.ME+O( E+ ,-1-?5'-... .......... ..lorn.. !.!.. - .
No EUIIIW* E- .-...
ET%m .... -- 0 2 No I" No EUlllWTE
. - .. ............. 6X... . ............... 2.z ....... - -. . ..-- -- - - ....... - - . .. . ...... -- -
=5%?%? _- . 1.3 .... .- No .. . -.6(?.. .. IE . . - .. - ...... 5 .... NO . -IUp -. . . ...-........ - . .- ........- - . -...
c*m - .......... !- . . m__. w!!!r-w -. ............... .- . ... - ... .. ... ........... .- __ .... -. - .......... _. .....-..
Chamurn. _- ...... _ .....lo. .. -' ............... TOX ........ 17 ........ No .... OJ- M -....... ..... ...... .............. .- .. - - . .
F-. . .. - U2 . .. No - .. !-- .. m ................... 57 I" . - . . .
-
-
. . - .... ---- ...............-.. -.. ....-.........
Lm - .......... SE... ._.yc. ..-. LLlYl*'E' .. ............ . .- .. ........... -.,. ......-..... ._ . .. ..-. - ..... -. .. - . ......
Lemd . . No .. . .!-. .. Tn ......... 21 .... Y" ... .............. ............ ! . ........... . .
Mawniurn 117W Y EUYIK4TED .- ....... ... -- .
-p.-.-. - . ...... .. . ,.- .-
,-... . . ............... .
Mnoane .. . =!?! .................. No
tE!!5.-. . In .......... 1.425
... .............................. _ ...... -
005' I"
un3 - -_- ..... !?E .... No . ~mx- . YE ..... .. .- - .....................-... -- ........... 1uElO(
!ee!E - -- . 0 .... -H. . . . .
95%
. ... YO - ............ .- I2 ................ Y" -- . - .......... _- ....................
a'!!!-- . - ... 27 _- . .Ho . . .- .. 9%. . . ............ 2'. ..... .NO. . UI.-IFP ......... __ ...................-
P=*- ... -- . am -- ..... E!. .. %'!Y?LD -.. ..-.................. o,l. ... -........... .........................
E* .......... E .. - No ............ 1- . ro . YO
. ........
yha . -- 31
. -- No . . ............... M( Jer .... - 2s . - . v!'.-.- . ... _. ................ -. ...
soaun . .24z.. , vn.- FU-E .- ......... - ...................... -. .. - ........................
m!E!L- ..... .10Y V" 04 YO
-- ! .... ."?. . . - ....... -. ...... - .............................. -. .. .- ............ . ..............
Uviurn .. __ . -- n6 ._ . .... _ . . . . . . . . _ ._ . _. ... __ _. .-............... .............
e!! --?F - ... NO .............. 100%
.
YO ... 251 ... Yn
.............................
. . ....................... . ................. .- . . .
F- ..... .- . ..... - ........ - . . .- . - -. ........... - .. ... -. - . - ... ...........................
4PeE-.- -. ........ _059.. ... .& ............. -- FJX ............. YO
-. . .- . -- ... .......................................
__ . .......... ._-_ . . .. .- . __I._ .......... .................
...... ........ ...... _ ..... . ____.- ..........
&Odor . I016 . __ __- - ................ . . _ ...................... ___ .. .........................................
L-(al--...-.-_.-
..... .... . . . . .................... .- . -. ........... .- ...
!sc!232 . .......... ... .- - . .- ... - ..... ........ ........................
1242
. . .- . ......... -........... ... .......-..... _ ....
&odor 1241 ...... .. . . __ . __.I_.._-. ........... .
&oda 1 m __ .... ....................... _ ....... _ ........ - ...................
-2 -. ... - _. - .- . - .......... -- ._ . ... -- ..... - . -- . ...... -. . -- - . _- ......... .......................................
~5s!LE?L -. .
_
.... .......... - - ... ... -. ..-... .- .......... -. ..................... .......................
.......... -- . ..........-- . ..... . ......... ...-..
--lrOap) . - .-. - ... _ .... - ... -. - . -_- -- . . - .. .- ... - . -- - -. ................................
=- R- ...... . ..
.............................. -;. ...............................
-l' R- "r-eF- - . ...... -- -- -. ............ - ...... -. . -- ....
.........................
wcd +-="?? ".
Don
Da
A*-
Don
Castihrat
F n p u m d Casthmt
DaYumun taltlhm(
Yukurn Camtthrnt
F b B r Sbd- lnkvm Ca.tlhnnt
E.wnttl EtinhddFngnnc)rd D.bstbn EBniuOd B L k O h E.d mmhm'l
tsrd ER*I.M thedB AppnOh -8 tsrd ElLnMd
Nvmnn .snREI7 M.bbr -6%) n.nUn7 L..& Brb4rmnd7 msmU(S7
-A7 nmOU7 C*.nupLmvd RiiL C*auph.i Y-87 nmIW7
-. __ ..... ..... ................ __ ....... __ . ......
__ ............ . ...-.-.....-..
....-.......... .......-..... _ - ..........
........... - ... - ......... .....
. t ... .2?%10( . . .No . L-TED -..
.' ....... .. - ......-- - - ". . - .
...................... - ..-.-....
- ................... -- . .
.................................
...................... - . - .
. - .......
....... .....
.......... ...
.
....-..
- ............................. ...
.2 ............. - ..-... . .
.................... ...
- . . . . - - ............ -. ... .
4 . ..........
.....
. . . . . . . . . . _. . . . . . . . .
...........................
....
_ . . . . . . . . . .
..............
...
- ...... I
...
.............................
...................................
. .
. --
. . . .
. . .
....
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . - . . . .
. .
. . .
Nola:
- Ynm
STEP 1
STEP 2
'Scnain~Claen.trrdwcmbm~eIbrm(.l&oniurnadr~mvnVl
'&.I ham *r& s la^ ur- OS-- mlcd.
'uru N.W wlund lnck trr v.bim
%Vnkin#m Sale ~npn (bavm. 1990 .re rtm br -.rhm -n w. No mmmmb re ebrmued based m M
M. noldebERd
IHS - mduh t(.zwkxs St%sUnrr
.-' - No d e w I& w Inxintv crdsia ~.llble h rsk alLubm bmmad m ml sdcmd n n IHS
1991 - 1997D.bi. Subce ud~Udbrs%mb. s -pet
STEP 1
STEP 4
STEP 6 .
STEPI

TABLE 7.1-22
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF AIR SAMPLE RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
STEP I STEP 2 STEP I STEP 4 STEP 6 8TEP 8
Dar Da. D a m
. Maxbnum ConnituLm Fnqluncy Conltilwm Do.. Yaxlmm Cmtiim -A M u m Ca-m 0 *%Z' Sbdpcmc mxbnmn Corutn-1 mslorSoll
D*-d E.unU.1 Elbninmd Fraquancy dD.tacfim Elinatad hkground Ezcnd ElirnLurmd Ckaup E.cd Ellrninmd ClMuP A~pngm mod0 Excud ElbnhMd o(oldm
PuyI1.(.r Co~ntmtim NufruP7 I. a WS7 d -on Excnd 6X7 as an IHS? Lmt hk!#Dund7 I. m (US7 bnl Math04 A7 n a M97 Lam? Rhh Clump L4-1 Ymod 07 u m MS? v1Q.0.)
........................ ................... - - .-.. - ..............................................
- .. - .............. .- ................................ - ....
. . .................. ............ ..-................ ....... .- ..- . ........... - . ...
=e.-- .- .... - ..... 1. =F=2 .... .-!?. .....- .!% ...... ................ ....... -. -. .............................. .. -. ................................................
-ez!E - ............ ............ -. .... ............. _ ........... ..........- .........-. ........... ........-.-. ... .. -
?* _ - ......... 6.16E-05 ~- ........... No -. . ....!DOX ......... -. ...... - ..... ... ... .- ........-. - . l.e@Ea -. ........ ~?bO%, .. .-?! . F"!ED . -.
Ex?!??! .. - . -. ............................. _ . . . - ............... -. .. - ..... -. . - ................ - . -. ...- - .. -. . - . - ................. -. . -. -...................
c.mn*lm ...... ... .... .- .......... .__I-.. .. ......- .............. . .-........... .--. . .- . . .
" ........ ?.oeE?!.. ... "p? ... WU(NITE=' ...................... ... ................................ . - .... ... - ....... - . -. . - . - ..... . . . .
- ....................... .. . . ... ........... . ...
=..- . ...... .IOOE-05. -2.. . .. ST;_.. .............. -_ .. .............................................. .- .................... ..--............
. _- ...-.-. -!UE03- -.-ILS ... WYIE.D . . . . . . . . . . . -- ..........-....-.... ..... . -. ....-....-.- -. .............................. ~- .... .. -.
Le.d IS!?. ._Ho ................. tmr
-. .
........................... ..........-.....
...................
.....
MEc- . ... . *C!. . .les . E-.'?- .................................... - ............... - -- -. .....-.......
k%!E-. - .......... - . ZZE4_5 ... .Ho-. ... .......-. 100% ........ - . . . . - .............................. 2.20E-qi
-. .. ? .. .!.72E.?. ... Y.m .. . . ms
!-- .......... - ........................................................... ....... .......... ........................
...
'?%'!?!. -. . - -- ................ ..................... -. ............................................
..................
PW"L-. ..... - .. - -- .. - .. - ...... - urmnl.3: ............ ...-...-.... .............. ..........-.... -. .............. - - ..........
=.zsa-o! . = . . ......... . ...........- . . .
Po(luirm -. ...... , . ... -. -. -. - ......... .- ..................................
Schnn-U". - ......... .- .... -- ................................. ......... - ............-........ .- - ... .............
Sihn- . - . .. -- ....... .- . - .... - ..... -- .. - . -. _ ............. - . ....-.. ... - ... -. ........ ....... -. ................................
%!%?.--._-- . --- ..... 25E.O: .... IF?. .. EUMINITEP . -. .............................. ............................................................ . TL!_.~ .. ...................... ... .......................................... -.........
unnium ...................................................... . . . . . . . .
.- ~..
lmr .
Z"V .... .L?Zt. ........................................... . .- ............. -- ......... -. ............................... -- .. ...... ....
-- -- . .-.. -- ..... -. . - ...........-.... -. ................ .......-. - .- -- - -- ............................................ - _. ......- . . . .
. ..................... _- _ .................... ... - .. .- ............ - ............................. .............
. .
-
Er~.??_1*?!-. .- - . -. ....... -. .............. - ......... -- ..................... - ........................... -. ... ..... - . ........................... -. .
. ..-.....- . .......... ................. .................................... - .............
. . .
.......... - .....-............. - - - .- .- ...... ..... . .......................................... . .- ......... . .
-lol) .............. - - -...... . - .................... .- ... _. . - ... .... -. -. ............ .- ........................................ . . .
-
Int .- ....... .............. . .- ................. ..---. ............................. .......
Amdorl232 ---- .... - -. . . . - .......... . ........... - ......................... . . . . . ................ .. -
e2- ..........--. _ .. - .... - ..... _. .......................... ...... - ............. - - .. .................... - ... ....... . ., .
Amdp -- 1248 .- .............. -- - .... - . - .. - .... -. -. ....................................... - .. - ................................. . - ..
Amdo1% -. ...... .- .. -. . -- ... . _--. ......- - . - . - -.. - . ... ..... .- ....... _ .-. ... - ........... - ........... . . . . . . . .
.- - . . ... . - .. .. -- .. ..... -- . ............................. . A .. ....
PCBI.L!'E-.- -. .. . - .- ..... __- ,-A .... - .- - .. .--- . -- --- .- . -. . .... -. - -- .......................... - . . . . . . .... . . . . .
.. -. - - .... .- .- . - - .. -- . - . - . - - . . - ......... - . - ........ .- ... - ..... .- ............. -. .......... .......
. .
...-. .. . ............ ~- ................... . . . ...
!?!Y.5enw== ...... - . -. . - .- ... - -. ....... - . .- .. -- ....... .-.... .- . - .............. . - . .- . ...... - ...... . .
-~.npan-r. ... . -. ... - ... ---.. . ..... . - --...........-..... . - ............ . .
Maw od
NM:
~hpCRnirlorchmmirm~~ld~smDmvmUchmmimVI
nd= noldslsded
IHS =warn slhst.noc
- M dnrnrp *rctr or 10- -em aaLbC (or ml Mhutim Omslbumt m no( w*ded 0s an 1HS
1994 U.S. F-1 b Ddr

TABLE 7.1-23
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF RAILROAD CREEK SEMMENTlCONCENTRATEFLOCCULENT SAMPLE RESULTS - ADJACENT TO SITE
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT

TABLE 7.1-24
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF RAILROAD CREEK SEDlMENTlCONCENTRATUFLOCCULENT SAMPLE RESULTS - DOWNGRADIENT FROM SITE
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
STEP I
STEP 1
- mta
-
DonManhum
STEP 1
P.mw"
Dol.
Uu*
Ca-
6-d
constih*n(
DmM Es-IW .l Fmq-d
E W . W
-b.bbn ~7 s n ~ ~ ~naa ?
a 1 ~..~IHs?
&braad
cm~~wda' Brkpraadl
Carrbm
El- Y.hodA
n n w ? C*nuplnd Lhod A?
Castidnnt
EltnNd -6
n mM? ChupLn.1
Do..
AfZ sb.6- Yn-
A-aW -6
E x d
Rhb C*ruplml -67
IHS. b.
R-C
Con- ,.A?
EhhsM Danprdhnl
nnMS? hcmSb
............-.. .- -........... .....-.......
.... ............................ . ....................
.................
!eweMe@ . .
.
M?I
~~
..
-
............. ......... ............-....
... .......... .- . . .
......... .- .... No 1 ~ l O m
8.CUElOl Yn
. . . . .....-.
8 OOEfM
. -- ....... 100% ...............
Va
. -. .............. . ...-.........
dc ................... - 3s - .. - r& ....
-
... 25% . 10_ .......... .A:%. ........ .- ..-... 3 ... - P.-. LU-re .... - .....---. .
---..-....
%!_ ............
1 m
. . No . . -- 100% . . . Vn - . . . . . . -eSP_ .......... . ......-....-.. - .
5 BOEW ... - - . .%!!!?". -..... %.-. .-.
2.13EOl 1.33E42 %el!!!-
.IHS. -.
. ........... _.
... - Vn
. .- 50%
-
... 2. . No ....- ... -.
Vc. ...-....... --1-- ...................... . . ....... .- ...... -! ...... ....-.
c-* . -. ............. 0.9 .... .- No ... -. .. -*.a ....-. -. . 0?%$%... .. ..... t . .--5 . .E?!.YW".E ...................
. .................
c s ............. !=. . . . - ..............
... . . . ..... .
.........
U.& SYIO too V n 4.OOE+02 5 1lE.01 Vn
.... - E? . No .. ... ..: tooy . Icl ........................... -. ... --- ....-.. . -! . . . .? .
12-74 2.9SE.03 2~mE+01 No EE? . ... -2% No
. . . . - . . ................ .. TED
. . Y" .......
.........
E L . . .
k L ......................
............... .--- .. . . - --- .................................
.........
X
No
......................... 4 9-50 ..- 250 No EUYUUlE
L C L . .... . . IF ..
Vn . .
5' .....-- - ...........-..-.. ....... .....
!- . .
210m
. . !n- . YY-%rrD .................. ................. - ....... - - ..................
......... .....................
1200
271-1600
IW
EY!!?
........ No
1OOX ..Yn .............................. -- . . . .......... .3.I*+m. ... .! .. .O-??E? Yn .............
%!.!%?- - .......... -- ..... .- ..... , . - . , . . ...................
-_ ........... - - . - ............... - _ . - ................. - .......... _- -. . -. .... -- - .....
20
No
0 Ol61.3
!e!E!E~---~.--. . ...... .-
. -. No ....- umNAlE
................ 5 . . ?! . . . . ..... - ..................
........ 4.00E102 . 2. .... IooEtm ' .-......
EY - . - _U
. . .
Pee? .. .--.
--
... .-!.- .. -63% ..................
Vn -..ESO. .... -. . ........... - ........ 'bOE.*!'. .. -2. ... I-%.%.. . F. .. -M
. L- . V- n ...... NNJNAED - .... -- .......................... - - ... . ....... - . -- .................
........... -- ......... .- -
em ....... .-!p_ ... No 50%
. . ........ . -- In .......................-....
......- -- . _-- .......... 4.G %. . 4.COE102 .....-....-.-. Ho E-s6* - .-? - ..
50%
ura _ . .-o?. - ..........................................
v n
0 061
... No .
... ..... . .... 4 ~ * n - . -I .. IP~E.:E.
. M ... €-TED .......
SOdm ..... . n _ E_U-ED .........................................
.....................
...............................
. .
m&m
.................................................
.......................................................
. .
Uriun-- . . . - .. -- nd ..... ......... - .................... .- . - ........ -.- .... - ....................................... . - ... - ......................
?? - . - . '5W -!-
.. No .
EUmNITED
..... N" .... -- ... ...... Y?. ........... ...%-I ? -....... . ......... .. . -. .... ?:.%_% . . . . ! ?E?! .-.
.
.- ...........
. ......-.... ............... .... ... - ...... ....... -.
P ...................
.......................... ..
. ..-. .............................. .- ................-...
C*nidc.T@d . - ...... .- . . - .............................
.
.............................. -. ............................
.. ....... ..........................................
...
.............................................
............ .: ... .....................
. . --- . -- ....................
...................
............
kodm 1016 . -- ...... - -. . ................. -. .. . - . ............ .- -- .......................................
-. ... . . - . -. -
*r& . I221
-. - . . - - ........... -- -...... -. .............................. -- . -. -. - . - -- ...... - .... .- . ......... - ................................
*mdorl2lZ .. ...... . ..... -. .............................
. . - ......... ..............
Arodrxl242 . ....... ................. ........... ...-........ ...............
........
IZU ................ -
....................... ............. .... ............ . . . . . . .
. . . . . .
-a . . - .. -- ........ - ... ----- . - -.- . - . . - ..-.......
. . . . - . . . . . .
*r-!=J -- .- ..... ...... . . . .. -_-- -- .............
.............. ..........
.....
PCB.. a . . .- -- . -- . - ..... -. - . . ........... - .................
...... . . . . . . . . .
- -, ... - . -. . - -- -. .- - . - . - ........ . - -- . -- -. . -. .......................... - ..
--.
Id&vm ". A - - . . . ...-.
*al
-- . ..... ........ * - ................ . . . .
=- ...... ... ................. -. . ......
, .
. . . . .
ao,-ya- - . .- -. ....... _- . . - . .. ....... - . - ...... -. ... -- -. . . . -- .................
. . . .
Woa
- Don
mnhum
STEP 4
STEP I
STEP 6

TABLE 7.1-25
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF COPPER CREEK SEDIMENTICONCENTRATE SAMPLE RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
NMN
'SIT-ullsuto.d.omumrcloltmddromumad.~U
-
h.dcolrm &a 01 -w m mar re. b.s-4 Rap. d Coppr CI-k
SlehodAadUehod0CkaupLnehwelorsrrtl
"4- nmdeeQc4
IHS . H1z.rdan stdmmu
.edmmU-.le bck~omd .urgk. srr .horn tlr conp- p.0.n ot+# No cmsbums r= -4 b d on hat rmOo
' ~ ' ~ N ~ d e - l n d . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . M t l r ~ m~ kr mc v s e ~ ! ~ um l c d u m I H S
1991 1996DaU
SEP 1
STEP I STEP 3
Da.
A*-
M-irmm
hstihunl
Fnguxyd CmsliamM
Do..M"hum ComtiMm
Con-
F-b. abapdnc
CmsliamM
D.bct.d EsMti.l k3hiid.d F- E' hkprand, bud E - M.hodA
E!h&ubd -0
-B
Elhk.t.4
Pupnt.r
~m-tr.tia ~vmnn n .n IHS? wM =?
cancmtnta B.bpmund) n=? c*nup hd A? n n -7 Cbmup hd Chupln* n n la7 fonenbdl
,
-. . -. - ............ - ............ -. . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... .....-......... - .......
..................
....-..-......
?&seemY ................................
...-. ...... ..................... - . - .- - ..................... - -..... .- . ......... -- ...-.. -- - ..................
8 w""um ..... .- - ... - . .6- .
!oqX ..yu ............ 7- . .............. : ......... --- .............................. OOEIOl
Fa.. .. .- .
.?.EOl. ... -No. . EU-JED ......
K!* .......-.. .- ......-. !*- ---.... -. ..............
...... ...........-.... ......... .......
..-.
!e-z-- ... ... urn -.
.mw .. rcr-
xO.390 ...............
NO
........... .. . . 5sm3. ...... .?-%!? . .--._No__.. W-TED --....
.
- - !...................... NO .!I . . "4-1 ............ .. -. -. 2.33E?!.. . .... -! .... -!L%?Z ..- .-!a. -- ....... Y-. ...
9-
-
.............
0 M7 .... No
.. m . . . "4 .O.M1 .... .. - ........ f . ._ - 2.. . --ID .. ..... .... .- -. ........-.-. - -.
cs- , -. .. --.......-.... ,3303 - - . .- In .. .-...
........
. ......
...-..
!?!5'? ...................
ID00 ............
No 2- .............. ~!o.'mo .............. - . -'00 ......... "E .............. ?-mE% . ! .... S.llE41 . - Y n .................. UP
%-.. - ........... -%
.?.
43-YY)
. . . tb - . ! . ............... ... - .......... ...-.... -. ....- ..?:E.?? ..-....... .?osE.* ... 2- ..- euuu~~ . .. -.
Imr .. ....... - I- .... 'c.. . -lUNl ........................
................. . . .................... . . . . . . . . .
LC -- . .. n
Y n
nb7 no -
m EU~~RU
.... -- NO . 2% . . - . . . . . . . -. - . . ... ............. _ ................................. -.
........ -. .. -- . - uaU) - ...
I- .. E"*IW*ID - - ...............
. -. ....... .... - .......-... ................ ...-...... .. - ......... - .
YmqmeSe . .-. .. - . -??. ... .NO- ......... ? . ..y"... ........ .??!!'?.. .... ........... 3.73E.03 . .' ....-...... '.33E+"- . !%. ..... .... INS
5-F . ...... -.........-.. - ...... . .........
........... - . ...... -. - - ............. - ............... . . .-............
Y n
!%e!Y! ............ -- . ...? ?.. .... No .... . 61% - nd-20 - .- - l.m~+m ~o EUY~IUED
-. . . . . ........... . . . ...... .. ...............
!mE.%.. . ! . - - . .. .....
. .. . - . . 5.. . _HO_ ...... .lmx . " ........ .._t?!M ... .......... .........-.. ' "€"I . -?.. . . !.%102 ... ?.% .. E'JYtWI'?? --...
POP=- _ .. - . ..-am . . m. . E-"TED . . . - ............... . .. - . _ ... ... - . . . - . ............ ........
=*- - .. _- ................ - - . . .. .- .................................. -. ....... -- . . . . -. .. .- .-........... - -- -. .-......... --- .- .-....--
....
Yes
"4
e-- . . .... ._o~. . . -K-. . 23%. -. ............. .............. -... . .......... :A~.% ... ? -... ..?~?-t .. ,.Y. . i-ko . . .
=L-. . -. -. .... r~_. EEE??ED ......... .- .................... ---. - - ..... .- ... ............................ - ........... .....
.. - . -. ................ - .......................................... - .- ..... - .......................................................
- .-... . . . .
e- . . - . .- . -. . - nd - . . . - ........ - ....... -- ......-. .....-... -. . -- ... - .............. - . . . - . - . -. ... - ................ - ........ - .... - -. - ... - ...... -. .......
?! ...... -:- . ..!........ !%. ... !? ........
nd.110 .... ..... ........ 2Mlpl .. .= .... 1=* .?. . -?IT- ......
. ........... ..............
.
......................
...........
-
.............. ................ .. . . . .
..........................................................
c_rlia-.JEc -.: .......... ........................-.......-................... .. .... - ....................... .- ..-- -- - ............
___ . - ... _^____ . ...... -. . __ . . ........... _- ............... _ _ ....................................
- .- .. - ... a ...... - .- ..... - ............ _ .... -. .... - ....... - .- . -. ....................... - ......... ..-..-.. - ....-. ..........
lo's--. ... - ......... .- ...... - . ............... -- . ..... . - .... - ........................... .................
5!?*2 ................ -. . ....... - .. - . -. .. .- ..... . ...........-- - -- - ...................
............... - ..
e(t12.-_ . -- - . - ............. .- .. ...-....... - .. - ....... - . - ... - -... -- . -- . . -. -- .......................... - -- ..... ..............
--!2'l._-_-.-..- . -. ..... - ... . - .... . ...... -. . . ...................
............................
-2- ..-.... - -. .... -- ..... - .. -. ....... - ..... - ..... -. -...........-.. - ................. - ..-..............-....... - .....
........ -- . . . ...-....
1254
.-.. ............ - ..... -. .- .................... ... . -. .- .......... ...-....... .......... . . . . .
....
kod- 120 - ......... . ... . .- .... ...... .. . ............................
.........
.......
%* .- ...... - . -- . -- .. ....... -- . -- ...... . -. ...-..-.. -- .... - .- - ...........-.....
.. -
...
-- . .- . -- .-.... ......... -. -. . .. . ..... ..........................
. -
........ . . . . . . -
- Gsdne R w - -- . . -. -. . - . . - ... - ....... - . - . - ............... - -- ... - - . -. - - .. -. .. -. ..... -. ........................
......... . . .
5!!EE!- . .. -- . .... - -. .- - ................. ....... -. . ._ . ................. ... . . . .
YdaM
-
Don
Ynkun
STEP 4
STEP I
-
Don
IL..hum
67
- nu. b.
Cwp.lC-h
STEP I

TABLE 7.1-26
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF COPPER CREEK M RSION SEDIMENT SAMPLE RESULTS
HOU>EN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
P.nmbr
- Yuhw,"
caanvnirn
Esmni.1
NuMml7
STEP l
ConsUMnl
Ehibmd
"nuts7
STEP 2 STEP I
STEP I
STEP 6
STEP B
Do.
F~qvrryd Constim."l
F-yd D.trim Elinim.1.d
M.s(ar Exc4 lX7 as mIHS7
. . .
. 'am
kbd
-'
. - - ..
DonY.i!,mm
E x d
Bckglound7
.................... ..
, . . ....... - ............ ............ - -........
........
Ekewwe%.- . .. .- - - - . - - ........ - .. - - - - .... . . - - ... -- ................... .-.. . . .
-- ...-.
59000
A*ncium - . - - -. .- .......
.....
=_.. .. . -.
...
.........-....-.
No
.. .?.qo-tp!. !? ...
. .
nd
. . . -
- - --. --- . ....- h-,rpo ....
L*L .. .-
210 . - No - . - ...
...-.. - 160E!?. .. -No- . EU-wD .. -- . -
!%leE ........... .f? ... No .-
.-.. . .- .-.....
--
=-el??? No
.
_ ..?. _
nam
-
.... No EU~~:D
%!%'FLY.
. . " .
... --- ...
110 NO
..._.. _. ....... - . . . ._. .. - . -
.... !"' .
5- .. _ _ .. - 'mo .... No
-*TED .-.....
'!! - ..._- ..... .- . .. - . ve.. .... Eu-rrO
-.
L c . d .. .. E . -- No ..
. . . ....
................
EU'"'NI'ED -. -
. . -
e ~ l ~ l ~ ~ r r ~
EUY(!lATEO . .
EUI&TED -
. .
~uIMCli.6 . -:. . ::
- ..
......
. . . .
. .
. . . .
. -
. . . . .
. . . .
.....
...
...
l.IU+Ol ,- ..... - . ..-
- 100% -- . - ............................. - ........................ . . eoo~ol .
........ mc o . EUYINI!=' ..... - - . . -. . . . . . . . . - . . - : . . ......
-re! .. . . WJ90 ......... .- . . . ...........-...... ........ sf"E'?.'.
-1.. .. EU*UUTED . -- .-.. ....... -
I-. .
nd-OOdl . ... 2
Ye. '-WE~O1._
. .
-
......
._ .- .
.
. * ....... 5.7'E+Ol
..
y-
LE' . . !" ... -.
ZKLtC€Q - - ...... .- . - . - - -. .
1W
. - . . -. Ye. .- -. . - ... -. - . IOOE.02
-. - -- -.
. !am . . 2. ......... - ...- 43.300 .- -. -. - . _ . _. . .... -. .... ......... ..'E% . - .. .-2_gdfM? . -- No_ -.
....... - .......... -- ............
.......... ....
. !OPi . . I.*
.
nb7 .. _ .... ._ . 250 .
- ... .. -.-
Ma-m
. - - -- ....... -. - ...-. - - . . y- . - .
E--w.%5'..._
.... - .- - . -. .......... - ......... - .... .- -.
. . .- .. . -
824 ! - . .. . . . lop* . . . . Ye' . . . . . . . . 7001300
%!EZl.. . - ....... - -...
- . - . . .- - . - . - . . . . . . - - ' . E " . . Ho
3?. - . .- .. - .......... - - .................. - . - .......... . ........
...
. .- . .
~dlbdcnwn- .. - - - ..... - -- . -.
2.3 - No - .. - . - - ........ 100% - . ... .- F".
nd-20
. - .. ................... .
Ec!
--
- .. . . ..
5 . .!oa:s ~o .
. ...... .-'1. ..... .- No .... - -. .-- -y." .- . . . !ID-150 - - . -- --...-.-... .- ..... - ... - ............. . . - .
P S -... _ . ..... !'ql .. 1%. EUYLW!fD . . . . . - ...... _.. ................... -. ......... - ......... . . . . . . . . .
Sdain .. -. .-.... - - .. - - . - - - . - - ..... .- ......... - . . - - . - . . -- - .- .- ........... - ........... -. - -
....-
....... . No ....-. I- . nd .......
........-..--.-.-...
2
''000 y- EUmwTEo
S! _ -. - .... -. . - ..-...... - . -. - ...- . .. . - ...... -. . .... - ......... .- - -. .....
m!!! .......... ...-... . . - . - . .. ........ _ .
_ ....... ._ -1
e!!!T..-' ....... .- . . -- . . .... - . ......... . .. - -. . . - ... -. . . . -. ... ..
nb!IO
* . . ....... ! . - -!?-. ... . . !.- .... "".;.. . . . . ... .- . - .- -........
. ? ,
.....-......... ............. - .- -.-.-.-..... ..--- - ........ - .. . - . . .
.-
.- - .. - - . .- .......-..-. *. . .......... -- ............ _. .... .. - . .
-
crY!a.r!?td . ...... .- .. - . _. -- . ........... - . . . . .. - -.-..-.. ...--.......
- . .-
.....-- -....-.. * ... ..
- - -- . . . -. -. ... --. . . - . - -.. - . .- - - - - .- . - ...-.. - . -. .. - ..-.....
*ree!!!L . _. -_ -. . ........ .- . ._ - _. -. ............ .-. ... -. - . - -.. .- - - .... - ...... _ - .. - ... - - .. -
IPt -- - . - -. -- .- ... -. .-.. .. - . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
%?%!E ...... -. .... .......-. - .... : ....... -. - .-- -. _- .. .- . -.
.........
&e?zL!E -. - - - .-... - . .... - ...........-.. ......-.......
I ! E ? - . - -- .- -- - - .. - - ...... - -.. .-... . .. ...
....
PCB.-!?! -- . . .- - -. - ....... .......-... ........................
-.....- - - -. -- -- ...-.-....-. ...... -. .-. .... - ...
-
-- -- . - _ ....- .- . - .. - .- - ..... .- . - - . - -. .- - - .... -- . - . .- . . - - . - - - -
.......................
~ - R - ' ~ ~ e z ' . ~ . . . . -
. - - - .- .... .- ...- ... ......... _- .. - -. .....
4.00E42
-.- _!':-. -!%IF' .- . . .
... ..
............ 3,73E*o-j -
E:
r.6?E.!
No
.-
. .
...... -. .
- -. .......
I WE.02
Z.OOE*~ .. NO -
. . .
- .......
............... ...
. .- .
..... . '10E.F . (2-F - . Nq . .
.......... .... .- - ....
-. . - . _- . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.-......
-... -. .
...........
. . . . . . -..........
- ...- -- .. - .- . . . . . - . . . . . . . .
.......... - ... -- .............. - . . . . .
.- .............--...... . . . . . .
.-.... -. - .....
.....................
...... ....... . -
- . . .
-. .-......... ....
............. ..--........
. . . . .
- ...-... .. . -. .....
.....-........... -
.........................
..........
-3 .- .
- 4 2 - - ...... .... -
--
. - ...... -. ...
-..- . -- - .
_ - - . -- ............. ._ _ -. ....... - .... - -
- o*.d -.
Y* w
. -.. . - - -. -. _.
CmrUhunl
Elhh.1.d
nnU(S7
Cbruplml
- Don
Yuhvrn
Ndn
6~-CrPmabdlrmum#cbrWIIdlrma~~VI
b.deoun Mnaa d m e . 0 uladae rca brk-a R n w d C- Crek scdmsuoaceno& back+ r c Lr -aon mh No mamaa ~c &mukd bncd on %r nnpo
%k4AadYcmod0Ue~Lcrhrek#.d.
nd- ndMLdld
IHS - Ins- Humdaa Slhrtrrr
"' -No d e w Creh of lotmy rmrna nM* fm mk c1.LuDon tmrmat rm na sdtdcd s an IHS
Dm II tom I933 USGS same N~WW M.6
-A7
-
Cau-
ms.nIMS7
- -. -.
- 0
C*.nupW
A*.ant
F a *
Aw.ppngNe
Risk
adip.clR
Y.had 0
C*ntlpM
Don
I.pkm
E x d
-07
Conslbml
EUmM.d
*snlH?17
Ins. tor
CopprCd
I*dmntl

TABLE 7.1-27
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF RAILROAD CREEK SURFACE W4TER SAMPLE RESULTS ADJACENT TO SITE
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
STEP l
STEP 2
STEP I
STEP 4
STEPS
STEP @
-
Ins* (o,
m.
0..
A4Us-m
R.ik0.l Crrb
N,d,wm
Constha1
F-yd Cmttimml
hsUuhtm Cm-
*nhm Cm-
Faolcol SlMpdrk
ConsttMnt Yl*. Wdn
0.t.Cl.d E.miid El*niu(.d Fnqumcyd D.1.Eti Elbnind BxLpraad
Elink.M Mod* E.4 ahb"I.4 m.aKdB Lgpng.b Y.hodB
Elhhb.d wra(l.
Paart..
Cmcmtmh Nubimt7 nnMS7 Oortlon fled-7 unlHS7 CorrcnLrdim Brkpmnd? anlHS7 -pIm.l YhodA7 nnlNS7 CluupLnd Rhb CkmupW
mnMS7
, lb)
- . - ......... .- - .. - . ...-..... - ... ....... - ........................ - .... - . . - . ... - .............. - .. -. ....... -. .... - .-.....-... -
r ....... _ . . - - ....... ....... ............. .....-...-......... .- ...... . ... ..... .- . .--- -. ....-.....
%!' . -. .. - - ....-... m . . - No . . . rer . . - IU . --- .
Yn -- ... -- .. . I.tzE+M ..... I.l.?E+M ............--...-.-
No EUWATED
., . -.
Anaic ... ..-'.. . No ......... EL.. . k. . - .....- 1 U .. No - . -ELIMINATE 0 -- .......- ... ....- -- -... - ..-....-.... .% ..-..
E m .......... 82 ..-NO. ........ 'mx. . "? ....... --_ 621
-. .....-... NO EUYlNAM ..-.. - ...-..--.--,.--A_..- ...- .- . -- .
"m. - . - ........... - . -- "d . . - ............. - ... ....................... ....... -. .......... - .. -. . ..... -. . -. ....... .- - ..........
C_.e!?! _- .. -. . _ .......
1.09 .. No ..... '1% . . . Yn . . . ......... 0.1
-. .. Y o - . - . - . .. I0 ... . EUi*nr,!!! ....... . -- .....-..-.....--.... ...... - ...
c. m
.,. - _ ....... '-. . -- Y" .... EU-TEo ...
......... .-
...-.... . . . .
........................................ NO 2 . % cuyllllE!o . -. .... -- .. .......- .- . . . . . . .- -. ................... . -.
%E . - .. - . . . 29_ . . . 2- ...
No d* .. ........ 'a? ....... !=! .............. I.?? .... _ . EUYllUTE "... ................ .- .... ....-..
bm . .... . 2% . ._2! . urwrrurro . ............... ........ .............-.-.. -. .... -.. .-...... - ....- .- . - . ... - . - . . . . -- kc .............
15 .... NO ........... ..,25X ............................. Yu
ye? ....... YI ".-!':... w-lW ........-.-.-.. ... . .
Y ! % .. '900 . -.Y" .. EU!%"V ...............
.. -_ -.... . .- .. -. .. - . - .... .... . . . . -- . - ........................
!%E? - . - - . 65
95%
. -- ....-..-.....-.-
NO
...... Ye. .. ..... 5.06 YE. ... m
Ye. ..... 'REGS .... 1. - _.?!?El*.. . M- . EUYUUTLD -
%!Ez-- .- ..... ..-o_rnc ...- !I! . . . . . mc .. r ~? . . . D.E? ... 3 . .... O I' . -. eE?=! . . - .............. - . . . . . ...
0.73
No
K3?!Y?! ... . .
...
Ves
. -- ..-..... 65)( .....-..-...- .- .. .- O.'?.
NO N"!-!ED
.....................
...
?%*-----.. ..... -. .... I.)-. - NO .... MX . y.? ..
01 610 No WNATEO .. ._ .. - .. ..my . - . .-- .-........-.....-........- . -, . . . . . -. . . . - . . . .
..... x0 - .- m . E~-F ...-.... ............. -- ..-.. -- .............................. - . . . . - . . . . . . .
-- . .---. -~ -. ....... --- "d - _- ....-... - ........ ................ - .... ........ -. .......... - - .. .- .. - ..................... - . - ....
.-
0.17
51% . .-:- .. -- .... ...... HO . I . 2 3 .... ~ y~ .. - ...........- ..o!. . . F! ....... ....-..... -.......... 2.59EI(Y .- L.-- .......... 1,30E*M . -e. .. - EUMI+TED .- .
................... ! EU!'M!IO .................. - ... ....... _. ............ ............-.... - . . . - . . . . . - ............... .......
Th.Pium
. .- - .. .. .- ........ - -- nd ...... -. .... -- ...... - - .......-..... - ............................. - ......... - ... -- -................ -...-. - . - . .. - .. . .
Urium -.... . -- No
. . ..-...-. OM - . . - .. 2OX.. . YC . - .. -- -. .
................. 778~*i
-.- ... !. ... .-!?%% .. NO. . E." -*--! -....
yes
Z"c_ ... .- ... 5 . . . ...... X . ..-.......
v. a.aa.ol NO -- ...- ! - .... - .. . . .- ... .-.-.. .......... (-6SEfOf . 3. ....... ..... EUMI~TED
. - - - .. .- --. - .......--... - . - -. ......... ...... - .......... ......... ............... ...-...
% ! . - .......-... .- ... - .......-. .......-........ ........-. . ........... - .......... -- .
4r?!9+!- -.- .. - .... _ ............................... -. ....... - ... . ........ - ...... . . .............. .....................
- ..
. .- ....-.... .- ... .- . - -. ..................................... .- - ...............--.... -. ..... - ........ .............. - . .......
.
..-......... - .. _7 ....... .. .- .......... -. . ............ - ................ .... - . ......................
*rodor 1016 .. --. -. ............. ....- -- .-... -. .-.--.---- .......... .-.- . - ... ...- . .......... - ........................
.......
r*-!nl.------.- .-- ...... -. - .- ...... - -. ...-..-.. .- . .......... -- .-... . ...........................
. -- .
e5!.Ell? --. ...... ........ . - - .- . .--. ..-..-..- --- - ......-......... ..........--............. .-........ . . -. .
E%!!!? - .- .............. - . ........... ..... .- ..-........ -- ...... - ................
. . .
.-
-- . - - . . . . . - .-.................-. - - ..-...... - . ......................
k& 12%
.- . -...... - ........ ~- .-- ............................................. ..........
-. .
PI_e2260 ...... . ....... .... . -.--.. -. -..-- - . . ... - ..-.. .... - - -.....
. . ....
. -
PC??5!&-.- . .. ..... -- ... -- . _- .............. -- ..-. -. ..................... ...... . .
. ..... . .................
..... ...
. .
.- - ......... -- -- ...... --- ..- - - ............ - ...-... -. .. - ..... .- ..... - .. -- . ..-.......... .- ..........
. .
G - w -. ....-. -- - . ........ ...-. - . . ... . .- .-..... -- - ... -. . -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E"dE!%-Y .--...... -. -. - - . . - - . - . - .
. .
Yotorod
NM:
'Scrrrnbrgmni.(oshomhrmreO.toDldromhrmor~onirmW
nd = na-d
IHS = W e H-rdM !3Asmze
-..No&uup*rBablidhe.r.lllblcbri.k&m crm(ihmdrum.des~a.nIli~'
1991 - 1997 Om. Told mflh mh
- h
Y..hm
hod^?

TABLE 7.1-28
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF RAILROAD CREEK SURFACE WATER SAMPLE RESULTS DOWNGRADIENT FROM SITE
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Ins. la RJLod
Do..
Ihn
A4u.M
C d I)urlu
Yub"m3
Cm.tiQm.1
con st^
DonYu)Mn, Castb.m
Yuinnn C0"stb.m
Frerh
Cms(IM1 Wdn
Fnq-d SP.JprR
'
' '
M.cW E."mid E ' Fnqunr).
E.
B r k # d Ex& Wiut.d -A ksrd
y.hodE
Elhhd.d 1-M
P.mr(n
C.'-
IMI*ntl as= md E..z%?
-nbn
-1 n rmlHS1 C-bd Y.hod A?
C*r*rp Ln.1 A",F Ckuplnd s n UC)? horn m)
- - . - --. - ....................... - - -. . . - .- ... ............................ .- ........................ ...... - ...........
&g!ewW@-
. . . -. . . . __-. . ._.-... .. _ : ....... _ ........ .
... -. .. .. . .- . - -. ........
kmntm.
300
144 Y n
I.lZE44 .........
.... _- ......... .-- .-.-..-.... . -- ..- A!%?'
No Euuuu-
- No . . . !-. .I!! ....-. .- ...-. .--.. . -. -
*- . .-I -. .... -.
0.78
79%
Y"
1.U No ELMINAM
.... No
-. . . . . . . - - . . -- -... -. --- .......... ... - -
.... . - -..-. ........
..
m-. .-... ..-... - 10
. . . 6 24 ...... I" .... . .. .... 1000
..... !.?. .......... I- .... .!?
__ -. _ - _. - -. _ . - ._" Eu.e!TE_D .................. l.. .... ...........-
"4
E!EtE -. ...... -- .... - ...-..... .... . . - ..... - - -. ....... - .-..... - .. - .... --- -. - . _ .- . _ ............... - ... - . -. ... - ...... .- .. - - . . -- -. ...-..
I0 No EU-TED
=-*-. .. .- ._ _--._ -. _ .... 066 . . No - . ___-- ... Sm . . . -. .. ..-.a !. .- .... - .* - .. .- .- -. ....... -- --............- - .. .-.... -. ..... - .
e!!!!?. . , .- .... 99s ... E EU-l'D .. ............. - ..... .- ... ._ ........... ._ . .- . .................. .... ---- - ......
0 2
12%
018
Ee? ._ . -_ .... .- .. - -. - . . - . . . .. -- ....... . - .H"- -. !'!'eF . --- ... . . . . . . . -. . - -- ...............-.
-
%E-- . _- - 4.5. . No Ye. IYY)
. 51% .............. Y a
.. .-
! ? ... - - -- . _ .. ..-E. . _ rF!!!* . - .....- -. .. -- ... - .........................
- ." . . . . - - . - - - .... Y" - ~................
.
. . . . . . . . . .
0.1 Y n 50 .- - .--- . .- --!- . - No
20%
. _ .. . V" -.. -. .............. - ...... - . . - ....... _?. . .WPIUTEI) . -- . . . . . . . ................. - . . - .
M.pm*un
'4Q0 . . ln ... EUYllllrrD .... .- . . , . . -. . - -. -- ... - ... - - .. - . . .... - ..... -. . -. . - ......... - .............
. . .
. - .. - - 2. No .e
5.06 Y n 50 No EUPNATED
.. I"
.... . - . . -. . ........ -- -. - ...... - ......- - .... - -. ..... - . -. -. - - ... ...... .................. ...
Y n
Y e No ELIMINATED
59 -- . -.OmZ. .. No .... ._ . S??. .. .-.o:- .... -. ...... ..?:('.. .... _ .. .........-... ..... .- ... .-.........
100% Y a
!%!WE? . _ .- . - . - . . - - ow - - . No -- ... . - - . -- - . -. . 0 79 ...- ..E ... ?'E!h! ....-. . ...........--.. ..... .-
....
'55% - .- ...
0.4
0.6 . No _ .
67K.- -I" ...... - -. ........ "Z ... . 6'! ..... .'?!.. - . .-F! ... . . .. -..... -
. . . . . . . . . - .
-m
. _ . .- . .- P14 . . !n . EUYl.NA.ED . -. . . . .- .......... -. . - . ..................
................ . . .
d
Sdalum _--. -- -. . _-- ......... . . . . . . . . . .......... ....... - . ... -_
...... -. .........
'. -: '
0.2 No l% In 0 1 In 2,5PEID( 5%-. - -- - -- -- - : -. - -_ -- _ .- -. - - - _ - - - - -- ........... -. -. - . 2 . . . . -- I.%* . . ....... ........ .*'
.. . . . . . .- ...... ..... .....- ..... ....... -.--.
+YNA?ED
5 .- . 3" ..... l.? . %'!HI- _. .. . . . ........... .. ..._ . . . - .... - -- . . - . -. _ ..... - ......... - ..
m* . 2". .-
no ...... ._ . . . -_ 13% - . V
..
n
.. - ... -- ......... _ . - . - . . - . ! . .E . "-TED - . . . . -. ... ..... - - ....
0.1 No 7.7IE.01 I.OSEtO1 !+e" - .... No .
~OOY..... 1 ..... I _ . .! . - -- .- - - - . EUMINATED - - .. -- - , . .
Y n
Lnc - . M! Ho -. . . ? .. l . . . . . . . . = . _ ...............:.. ' * .? . .125E*01 . No. .- .......
- -_ - . - .- - . .. - . - ...... - . ...... - .... - ... - . - . - -- - - . - ... - . - - . - - .................... - ........ - .................... - . ...-.. ... --
...- -- ...... .- .... ._-... . - . .... - ......:........... -. ._ .... -. ... - . -. . . . - ... -. .. -. .......... .-. .-- .... ....................... . . . .
9E!?5% .__- -. . . - ........... . -- ...... - . ......... . -- - - -- .... -. .-....-.. .- .-.. - ..- .- .- . . .... - .. - - -. .. ... .......
. . . _ ........... ... . ......... ._ ....... __ . . . . . . . .. _ . . . . . . .
-. ... ._. ............. - -_ . _- ..... _ - .... _ . _ .... _- .... _ -. . -. _ ........ -. .- _ ............... .- . _ .... .- - .................. - .
. -
-2- - ...... -_ _ - . _ ... _. . .....-...... .. . . . - ....... .- . . _ ....... _ .... - . ................... ...
...
!EEE--- . .- .- -- ..- -- . -- . . .. - - ...... .....-....... .................. . -- . . . . . . . . - .- ....... ..-. . .... - ..
%5?5CE___- . - . - . .- ... -. .. -- ...... --I . . - . -- .-.. -. --..-......... -- . - --.. - -.....
.......
FE!0("2 - .- _. .- ... - ..... _- .- . - - . . .. -- - . - . _. -- . -. - . - .... .- . .... - .- -- _ . -_ .__ ... -- _ ......... .- .. - . . -. . .- .... . . . . -. ... - - -. ... -
... -. ..
2 . . - .. - - . - . - ... .. .- . - .......... .. - ..... -- ... - ....-.... - .. .- ........... - . . . . - . .
............
....
-!E!.. - . _. . - . - . - . - _- - - ...... - .- . -. - .... _ .- .. - - - .... - . - - .. _ .. -. ........ - - ..... - ...-.-..-.. . . - . - . - . . . . . .
-2- - ._ _--_ - -- -. . - ... - . -. . - ... ....... .- ..... - .. -. -- -- - . - .- ..... _. ...... L . .. .- -- .... -. ..................... - .. .. -.
. .
pcB.E -- _ -. -- . -. .... -_ ....... - - - . - .... .- _- . -- _. .. .-- .- - - ... - . .................... .... - . - .. - . . .
-. _ .. ._ ... .-
__ .. .. _ ..... ... ." ...... _ __ ...... _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inaer' - .'. - - . _ . . -- - .. - ........ - -- - ...- . - . - - . - ..... -. - - -- .. -- -..-......... .- - . . . . . . . . . . . .
-h*- .. .- - ..... -. . -. ...... - - . -. -. . .. -. .-...... - .. - - .-- - -. ...... -- .. - . ...........
. - ...... - .. - -- - . . . . . .- - .-.-.. - - -... . .- ..... - --. - .-. -- - -- -- - -- - - - - - . . . . . .
-L-nra- .
Uo(orw >
STEP l
STEP 2
STEP 1
STEP 4
STEP 0
- Ihn
Yab.an
W.hod E?
STEP l
, .

TABLE 7.1-29
HUMANHEALTHSCREENINGOFCOPPERCREEKSURFACEWAERSAMPLERESULTS
HOLOEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
on
on
rw~onn,
DO..
Wrmm
ConsbPml
Fnpuasld Conrlb."l
DonY~iMm Casthml
YumUn Con.m*o(
F&k a4bap.Sm YuIIIYI. Conslhjnt U(l.(or
~ebrt.d EIMW ~~inbubd ~npuns~d ~mfirn ~ r n b v B=L~-.XI ~ bud
mud ~rmh.1.d m.mode AM-
m.hod~ EX- EW ~oppc~.t
PrrrrPr
NM "am7 D.Won kuod 5%7 urmlm7 to^- Brbpmmd7 n nMs7 chmp~.vd -A7 n - 1 ~ 7 U.nupL.rd Rhk
YhodB7 nmlm7 SuhW.br
.
-- -......... -
-
C - M
........................... ............
.................................. - -- . ... . - . -
.
.- .. ... - -. .
............ -. .... - - .... .- .. ......... -- ......-.......
... ....
.....
!'!%!- ..- . . - -. - -- . I!. . . NO.. . F. .TU ... ...I" .... " ........ - .-.--- - ....... 1.1"" .. -.:. ...... .!."E"... . ..No. EWII'?-
*. ... ...- . -. "d -... .-.--... . .- . - . .... - - ...... -. .-... - ....... - . - - .... .- . - - ... - . - . - . - . . - ...-........ - . - ......... - ......-...---.
lm
YO
e!? ... 20 ...... No... ......................
6.24 . . . . . . . L%!.. - 2 . . .-... .
......-
~ ~ . - ...- . - -.... nd .... - ....-.--. ..................
.
. . -
"d
c!s!!F - ...... . -- -- . - .......................... ....... .- .. .......... ............... .. -- ................. - -- .... ....... ....
..
Born
-._ ... IE-..U_uE?-. .............
.. .. -
. -. .....
11%
........ 0 4 __ No
_
046 ...
No E-7EO
. . . . ............ .... __ . _ _ ..................... -.. ...... . .
E!E,-. ......... !-.. .. -- No -. . - !ST.
....
-
.. J'? ......... !21 ....... E'. --.. .fE!EEP ......--. - .-..-... . - ......-..-...... -
. . . . . . .
brn .. ..... -EL. . . E . E'!"!FTE? . .........
... -. ...... .- .- ...- .- ... -- .. ............................ - ...-.... .- - -
0.1
No
L?d- - . ... -. . -_- ..... ... - . .. 2% ..... .y-. . . .- .......... 0.1 -. . .. -- No . EUYINATE .. - . - .-.-... - .. - . .---. - -. ........... .- ........... . . . .
!* . . .
- 2 .. _- y- . u .. m . . . . .
....... . . .........
.. - ...............
No
506 Vm
%???E. . ... 206 ..... ..... . . '2 .................. !**-.. . -- . -. ... "-. .-. -........--. ' em . i. : - . 'E!?. .. __No .. E!'Y(mFP ...
5-- -. _ . - . - - . - - - . - ................-..
......... - .......... - ....... -. -. ... -- -. - .................. ......... - . - ..... .-- ........ - - - - -
ws
u?i .... !!
. ...... I" . !?L?!e! ..... -. -- - --.. - -... .- 200 -. ...... - No -.-...-
... '?:"'. -. -- . -.- ...-... .-.. l.30E.02 ' - . ..2?%?!. . . -I" ..
0 4 9%- . !
In
Nad.- .... - . .. .!.L . . -. No ...
................... _ ....--. - . PC% . ... -.. .-.... . . . . . .
P~F-. _. _. . ..E. . .m_.
-
. ruvlrurcD ........... .. . . . . . . . . ...... .................................. - . ...........
Se*IMn -. . -... "d . - .-...-. ........................ .- -- - .. ........... -. ...........................
%E . - .nd. .- ....... . . _ ...... .. - . .............. ....... - ........................
................
. . , . 2 . LC.. . ............... . _ .. - _. .. -. . . . . . . -.. .... -. . - .. - .......... -...
. . . .
T_-- .... - . . - .... -- . -. . . . . -. .. - .... ....... -, - . . . . . . . - - ....-. - .. .- ..... . -. ... ......... - ............. .- - ......................
.......
Ulrhan - -.--- . .-. -- .. ....... - ...-...... .- .... .-.... - .-.. -. ... -. . - ... .. -. ... - . - .........-............-.... - ................ ..... . . - . . . . . . . . .
ELIYINATED
. mc . . ..yu.
. ' ...... re-. --- ............... .- '.6"'?! . .
8 XE.01- - f-rc-.- . M
.. ---- .. - .-.. !>. .... NO .....-
- . .
. -- .
-- .. - - ......................... -. .... -. - .....-. .............. .............................
.... ...................
. .
-. ....... .- ..............................................
- . . .-...-.........- - --.......... - .... ..................
C_r."S? LC-'
- ....... - . -
. - . .
A_-_ .. .- - . --.. - .....
........ .- . -.- . - .... - ........ - ... .- ......................... -.
-
......
.. ----. ......... .- - ..... - .............
-.... .......... .....-... . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-_-
. ... . ........... -- . -- . ................. - ...................... ....... ....
.....
kodorlO(B .... .. ..... .. -. .... . .- ......... .. - .-....... .- .... - .................................. - . . . . . .
A"aanr__-, -- . - .... . - .. -. ...................... -. -- ........ - _ . --- . -- - ....... - .- - ............. .- .......... - .................... .... . . .
-- 1212 - - ... - . - - - -_ . -- ... - - - .... - ... - . - . .......... - ... -. .- -. - - - ... -- ... - . - ..... - ................. .... - ..................
. .
-a . .. -. .. . -. -. -. ........... -. . -. - .. - . . -. .... . _ ..... - .. _. - . - ....... - .................. .............
-2 - - . - . - . - -- . - . . - . - . ..... . -. . -- . . -- ........... -- .. - .- .... -- -. . . - - . . - - . - .- - .
... .-
e L U _ -I_---. - . . -. ._ .-...... .. - ....... - .... . . .. _ . - ...............-..- -- ........
-.
K-L? -. . . - .-...- -. . .-
................
L . . . . . . . . .
PC3rma -- . - .. .- ............. _ . .. ...... .. - ..... .. . - .- .... - . . . . - . . .
. . . . .
. . - .....-.............
.- . .
. . - .- . -. .-- ................... . . - ...... . . .
!?!???RnD.I*d--~- .. - ... - .... -. ... .- ....... _. - . - ....... ._ _. -. - - . - .- ..... - .. - .... - . . . . . . . -. . . . . .......
-?%!%!. -!E!E -- - . - -- ............. _. - . - .. -_ .. - --- ....... - - ................ - . _ - .... _ ................... - ...........
. .~
Ma, Q1
No(n:
~cnnp~srd.oniumrek~dnminnudrainnVI
nd- n o(&l~
IHS = ln65.1. hmdatr Subrlmm
STEP 1 STEP 2
' ~ ~ ~ N o d c - l . r r h u ~ d q ~ ~ n ~ ~ml-nd.clrstod.~nIHS
k r h l l ~ .
1991- 1997 Dab. TC-'mW wdv.
STW a
STEP 4
STEP 6
ITEP 8

*-. - -. -. -- .- ..~ -- .- .- .
....
- .......- -- -- .-... - . - .
. - -. ...-..........-. - .-.....
.........................................
....- - . -. -- -- ..... - .... ..
-.... -............. .
- . .
-....-... - ... -- . -. ................
..... -- . - ..-.... .
. -- . -~ .
~ "-
.
... - - - ... - . - - - - -. . - - --.. .-
-. .- ....
. . - ... ........ ..- ,-
..... -. . -~ - .. - .
. - . ....- - -. . .- . - ... - - - ... -. .. -. ..
-. ...... - ..... -. - - ...- ............
.... .... ..
...- -. - ....................... ---. . . -.
.... - -- .... ..-.. - ... .- ... --- .....
-... -. ........ - ... - ... - . .- . -. -- ..........
-. . - .... - ..........................
....-... -- .... ... - .- - - ......-..
- ~-
.--- .- .--...... -. - ........ - ...........-
- . - - . -. - . - ......... - .. . ........................ .- .-.-.-.
.- ..-- ........... .- ....... .- . -. .... - ... - ..... .
-....... -. . -- . - ..- .- ........
. .... ....... .. ............. - ... -. ... .- ..
-.... - . -- -.-......-...- ..... - ........... - . -. ..... -. . - . - . .. - - ...
- ............ sn ... . ... 3.. . .ZE! .... . ON .
. -- ........................... .... - -A ................ %MI - . .. - ON
. -- . - - , .................... ..........-...... -- .... .- .
-. - .-..... - ..............-... ................. - 03lmWll3 . -. -. - . - -. yc:
. - ... - ......... -- .... M'O -. ... ........... - .. ."! . . -- . - EN .
.-. -2 .- - - -.............. ..-........-... _.=.. ... . -. ON -.
.. - .. -. .................. . -. .....--.............. OUVNUII-I~ . - - -A - -
, .......... !?!L .. - . . . . . =". ..... Z! .... _ . . .- ON .
!__ -- . _ . ....... ...... Y* .. xs ... . - ON .
-_ ....... . -.. . . U?.. .. Ms .... - ON -
. - -. ..............
..... U* . X!. .. - .. ON .
...... .- .... - ................ . - . - .................. a u- m m .-..- ~ -A -. .
............ 9.. .. ..... - - -A - ...... KOC - - .. -. .... - - ON
.- ....................... - .. ...... - ....-......... rmmaw - . . -. --A .
, ... ............... om . . . . LD* . 5%. .... 'N
I__- ........-........ .......-.........-.. -. . .- . . - .....
....... -. . - . .... -. . - --. .- .........- !??manman? .-'* ...
. -- - ...... -. ...-... - Otc --. . . .- . ._Y* . xss - .... ..-. ON ..
... -- --. ..... - h .... .. - . - -A - --- .. -. %9 ...... - -. - ON .
.... ..... a'-. .. ........... -A xn ....... --- on .
, ........................ . . . . w* .. 9.. ......... -- ON
1 -. ............. E!. . .... -1. -1.
ON
. - ..............
- ..........................
LSHI-U LXS- Y9Lr).O l.SW~U L W N
w w 3 uq~q.(l P-i wuv.?13 ~unr3
1 ~ 1 pA9wnbuj ~ ~ 3
uql
IWs-3
2 6311 l d31S

TABLE 7.1-31
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF MINE PORTAL DRAINAGE SAMPLE RESULTS
HOLDEN WINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
STEP 1
STEP 2 STEP 1
STEP I
Doll
Do..
Mu-
Do..
Y n M
Cmstibm"1
Castawn(
Dol. Muinurn Cm-
-A lukurn kWlr.
Frsrto. ak&pdlk Ypi Con*ltE#."l IHSmbrYh.
Fqrm?d
D.bcM Esunlid E ' Fnqurrcvd
Ebnia.bd Mpmnd € 4 E ' C*-Yp E.d EpnM.d y.modE
YmodE E.d E h M Portd
PamNI
C-
wtr*nt7 m x 7 Dart- =?
n n W 7 Cacn- Brkgmndl m z 7 L n Y-A7 anlHS7 CL..nupLn.l '".r Urnup- W E 7 nnU(S7 R.hq.
- - -. - - ....... - ... ,- . . - . . -. ..... - ......... - ................. - ...-... - ........ - .. - .....-...-.. - . -. - - ....... - -. . - - .... - ..- - ......-...... - .. - . - .- ... -
@ !- . -. ....... -. . . . . . . . . - . - ..... -. -- ..-......... - ..........- .. .
...........
. -
... ..
h-m . . .-. ..!&'.. - . !El! .. ................... -. ..... ....... 1.WE.M.- _..
1bOE.M ............-
Y n
ha* . . ..... 0.3 No ............ .-?L ... .i!! ... ...-.......-....... -. . . .L . - . . . !!ED .......... - ...... -- . .- .. .- -. -. -.
5 ... . 19 . No . ..'mw . _ vn ......................... 200 No M M T E .- ... ... . -
. 0.3 .... ......... ...... .
No EUYUUTE
!re!! ...E L-
- 2..
.
.. .....
E* . - - .. - ... -?Lo__ ... - No .. ._ ... !% .. -. Y" . . - .- ....... ..... -.- ... 10 .... Y" ..... -----. . 8 -- DOEIOO - -. ...... .L. -. - .-!OOE-:!!-. .-..!.I .... ... '?'s
., !-. TLE. E"!?ED - .- - -
-- -- - .-
.................
-
. ... . . . . . . . ... ....... .......... ... .-- ...... .
UrDmiM "4 --. - - .. -.... ........ ..
. .
........ 10400 . . .. .......... .......... .. 1300 . Y" ....... 5 92EIOI .......
5OZE102 Y"
E?F - _- .No OTU 2%. -- -- --- .- ..... . . . ! .- .
!?? ..... 3509 ...... l". . E-" . ................. .. - ...... -. . - .- ...... ... ..... . -. .. .- .. -. ....... . .- - . . ...-. -- .
No Y n Y n Lc.d Mt
M- Y X . . . .- ? . . ....-
M.plaium .... -- ....... 14m .... '" . 'ULmurr0 . ............................ - ....................... . .... - ---- .... . -- - . - -. ..
703 No 1- Y"ann? - - . - -- .... -- . - .. - m . . .- -.
.......
!.t'E*a. . . 2.. ... - 187E.02 .. ._ ... _- .
Y n ................ MS
_!!-_- -. . .... E. ... .1mw . . .vn.. .......... _. ..... .- .... ... 2. ...... .rco . -ru- . . . . -- - .
!e!E?!z! .. .- ... I?' - - ... N_ ..-.. .. - .
Ilu ... Yes
... .... . . . . -. ..... .- .... CWE.!!" ... .A. .. 2."E.!. _.% .. .....
-L NO 1m No EUYlKATED
. - ... -2 .. - . 2.e. .. - -'".. . . - ..-........ -- ..... .....-... .-- . .... .- .---. -. -.. .... .- .- ...... - -..-...-..- ..-....... --.-.
6615 PM."lm .- - ..... yn . R !SO . ...............
._ ........... _ ........ _- ................................ -. ....... ._ ... _.- - ......... .- .
nd
Sc)cmlm - . _ _. -- - . .... - -...... . . -... -. ......--. - ......-. - . . .. ................ ... . --. . .... - --.. 0.2 M 8% Ye. ?!'El_ -- - -. . -- _- - - - .. .- ........ . . . .... ...
.. . .- . -. - - - - .. -. .. - . - ..-.. -- - .... - - - .. - .....- -- ..- .- 2.'??. 2 ~.L%!? - .Ho - Kv!Eb _ .- .....
5 _ 26000 . E!. E.U?WFY . -_- .......... . . . . . -_ ........ .............
EJ- 0.1 ... .- No In.. . - rcl .. . . . . . . .... !-- . . -?p_... . -cD . .... : ... .. _ .....
4 6 No 33% Y n
I WE.01
'?*-
_ - . - -_ _ . - - ... - .... - - .... - - .... - ... - -. .. - ..... .. -...... .......- - -- - . - . - - -. ......... ........
. -5%- ... .!Zx-2! ... . %"!?TED .- -- .
%Z- . *G5.
21m .. No ... - 1 m .... YO
-.- ..-.--. .....-.. .. __ .............. ..-. ..-. .... .?.... ... .?%* . _ .!-a- .........
. ... - . - ..................................... .- ............ '- . ..... .- ...- " .. -. -. - . ....... - -. . - ...-....
- -- . - - . - . .- -. - - . -. ..... -. - ... - . -. ......- -- - .....-. - - . . - .. - ..- .- - -.. .. - - - -. - - - - - ... - -. . - . - . .--. ........... - -. ...................... .- - . - . - .....-..... - . -- . - - ..-
Cl"id..Td.l--.--- -. . -- -- - ... ..... -.. -- -. -. .. - - -. -- ..... - . . -- -- -- - -- ............ ... ...... - .......... ........... . ._ . .- - . -. .-
. - ..-. ....... -- ... -. ---. ......- .... -- . .....- - - ........... .. - - . - . .....
- - .- .. - ... -. . _. . . - -. - - .- .. _ ......... -- . - - . .- . -. - . . -- . - ...... - - .. _ _ ... - . - ..- - ...... -. ... -. - .............. - .... - ...... - ....... _ _ ............ - .
EezE'L - ..... ....... - .. -...-. ------- . - . . . -- ..--. --. ...........---.. .
*mdm $PI ........ ... .. ...... - . ........ .................... - ...
-a - . .& -- - . .... . - -.. .- ....... -- . . -.... . . . . . . - ........
-A- -- _ -- _ .- - . . _ .- ..... - .. .- .. - -........ - .... _ . _-. . -. - . - ... - ..... -- _ -... . . . . - - .... _ . . ............. - . - . ...............
_ _ ...... -. .... .- . - .- ............... - . ... - . - . - ... .- .....-.. -.- . - .. - - . - . _. .-. ..... .-..-.... ....... - . .....
-'a -- . . I. -. . - ....- . . - . - .... ..... .........-... - . . . . . . . . . . . .......
-lE
-
. - ... - - .... - .. - - .. - . - ...-.. -. -- -. . - - .... - ... . - ....................... - -. . - . - ...... - . -.... - . . . . . . . . . . .............-
! - - .. . . . - - .. - .-...... - .-- - .- -- -.. - . ._ - ... ......... .................................
....
..... ... -
- - .. -. . .. - . .....-........ -. ..........- . ....
1- "' . . . - ... ....... - ........... . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . .
R- nrj=- - . .- . -. . - - --- . -_. .- - .. -_ _ . . -. ........ . . . . . .. - . . . . . . . . . . . .
M--e . - .- .- - ..-....-.. -- -- - - -. _- .- - - -. --- . ...-. ..-.... . . . . . . . . . . . .
u&xOl A
STW 8
STEP a

TABLE 7.1-33
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF COPPER CREEK DIVERSION (SAUNAIPOND) SAMPLE RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
-
IHS = Id* t i e Subs-
-.. = No dew I& a
Nee%
Ssr-~fm~mmniumn.bIobld.omwaa~MiumW
C m h W Lml lacd il Mehod A denup kd M milat&
nd- ~ m d
I991 - 1997 om. Tobl md bnded met& dam m e -ad.
cntaia w*l.ble bf rkh ti.Licn*. Cmsmwm ra na ldectcd n n IHS

TABLE 7.1-34
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF GROUNDWATER SAMPLE RESULTS (LUCERNE WELL ONLY)
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Da
Da
8W-
Don
Ya.bmm
Con.tiDwnt
F-yd CmsMI&
0o.s khum b n s w
hkmn ~onstmm
Frtork ssspcn* Vphum Cm.-
D.P.ct.d EsuntW E M m d
C * ~ P
F-yo( D.Won EUmhhd B~Qrand Eza4 E M M Elmhdd -0
Agp98h -0
E s d EMnd.d lHSs(o.
Pannr(.r
Cacnblbbn Nulrkl7 n n W?
L.r&
Chap L d
0-br
-
D.- Excd 5%) n n lHS7 Con-balh' BxLprand7 on IHS?
-87 n lHS7
Rbk C*rup L0v.l *.hod 07 . n m(lU7
....... - . ......- - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.......................
... ....... -. ... -- .......................
:-
...... -. . -.
- -- --
. . ~
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - .................... .............................
- - . .
...............
np
...
............... ............. - . .. .- ..... .....................
-
- .. - .............. - ...--.......... .....-... . - -. .................-.. - .. - . . . - -- .... -. ......... - .... - ..... .--..... - . . .. -
. . . .
"E. - .- .... O .... NO. ........ .I-_.
2. -14 Ycr ZmO No E-TE
.-.v=! . - ........... .. _ -, ._ . - ...... _ . -" .-................--- .......- -
nd
!?'5!m- ........
-..........-. : ..... .....
- ...........
..........................
nd
4=.. .
-....... ... -. . ...... - ..... .. ... ... -. ...... ....-. ..-...-..-.- . . ...
.. .!!" . '? EU!" .. .- ............ -.. ....... ............. .- .-..-...---..... -...................
g!El?!&
nd -- ... .--. . -. . - .....- - ..-....... - . ....-.. - .. - .......... . . - ...... -. -. ... - . --- .. - - ...........................................
- .. - . . . -- nd
.... - . .... - ............... ...... - ..... -. .......... - .. -- . - .....--.... - ....-..- -- .-......-.---.-.- . -
1,- - . .- -.. - .. - -.... - - .... - 0 . y-? . .!-!? ... _ . ...... - ............ - . - - . -. . - .................. - - ....................... - ......................
. .
!?*--. . _..-_ - ..... .. nd . - ... -- .-. - . . . .. _. . -. . . ..- .- .... --- . . . . - ............................. -- --.... . .
Uapesbrn 2140 I?-. EU!?!Y!?!?
. . . -- ... ..... -. .... ....... ............. --- . .....-.......
Un-. ...........
7 47EW
.... .. 3 .. !? .. . I?'? ..... .!?. ....... f':2 ..-... IN ............. -
'b7.E.tS. . ...No .. !'?!TED . .
!EEE!x- - .....- -- ... - - .-. .......................
............ -- ....--.. ... ....-.........
- .
?!?F?F.-. . -- - - -
..
..... .
- . . .- . .- ........................ - .... - .. - .... - - ......... ....... - ........ -- - ..... ...-. ..............
HL ---*. ......... : ..-.... -. . . . . . .- ......... . . .-............ ............ - ...............
P?Es?mm - . !4m. . "5. . ~uulNIF0 ............... -- -. . .- .. .- .... - .. ......-. .... _ .. .....................
--- - ..... - . . ........ .- . - -..... - ........... .- ............... .- ........ -. ...... -. .. -. ..... - - .... ............... - - .. - ....
Ykn nd
.............-... .........
. . - . . . - . - - .
..-.......
. - .LN. . N-!ET.EP ........................ -_ - ... -- ...-... . - ....... - - - .....-............. - ..- ............ ...
T .......... - - .- .. -. ... ... - ........ ............- - ......... .... -. -..... - ................ .- .... - ...........................
L)r.dWn .. .--.--..... .- ......-............- .... -. -....... .- ..-...........
-..-..
-
a-7 ?E? ..... !4! ... NO .. -- .. 'E- ! IN
. .-...........-..-.-.. .. - . .........- !."9
. m. E.~wr*o
.. 2 . . 210EIO2
. , . .
-. ...........-...... - - ........ .- . - ............ - - - ... - ....... - .. -. . - .........-.. - . .- ... -. .................. - . . . . . - .
- - - - . . - - . - - -. . - . .... -- ........................ -. .......... . -. . -. . -. .......... - .......... - ................... -. - .........-.... ...
CmidoS!_ _. .... - . . -. - .............. - ...... -. ............. - . .. -_ . -_ . - ...................... - . - - ........................ - ..................
.- ...... .... ...... -... .... - .... - - . . .- .... . .* ........ - .....-.. . . . . . . - . . . ...
- ... _ ..... - . .. ... - . - . . - . - . -. .... .- . .....--...... - ....-.......-....
. . . . . .
k& 1016
. ............. - .-- .- ... -- .-.... -- ..-.... - . -- ....... ... -. -. ...... .- .......................
k& 1221
-. -- -- - - .- ............. - .. - ..- - ... -- - ................. - - .. - - . - -. - ...........-.... - -.......- - ............ . . .........
M- U . -- 1232 - - . .. -. .- ........................... - .. -. . - -....... - .. - .......- - ..... ....... - - - . - . -. ............................................
-. ........ . .
-5- -. ... .... ... - - ..... - ...... . - -- .. .. -. - - - .. - ... -- - .- .................. .- .........................
I\roda 1240 . ..-..-...... ..-. . - . ... - ........ . -- . ....... -. .
- - ... . .
fE!E(15(-. - ......... - - .. . .- - .- -- ... .-. .. - . - .. -- . - - -. - ............. .- .. .- ... - . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . - ..
-or 1260 -. . .. .. .-- - . .... ......-... .- .... - ........... ..-........
. .
.E'-DU _ . .- ...... .......... .- ..... ... .- ... .....:..... ..................-.
-
. .
....
..... . ... -~ .-...... ........ ..-.... - . -- -.... . . . . . . . . . .
c i s E ! E E c - . _ ... ---- .... ..................
. . . . .
-d
. - .. .--. .. - ...........-..-....
...
. .
Ndn:
~ ~ C d a i . ~ ~ m m c ( l . ~ ~ o 1 ~ W
%zimmCamnhnrLwdurcdiiUahodAhnup*rr(mnll.M
-ate nunaa of u* lo me. bvlpand R- d b r t w
*- .re rhm (a emvatism plrpo.n dv. No mmem .re m med bnM m h ne mn~n
nd. M(hhdc6
IHS - hdcalrn HUrdDYI SLdn6UX
-.. -Node- kwb o, mkay G+I- . r u e k4 k k nabma t m r m m nd sdcdsd a n IHS.
I997 0.t.. TOW ~WWS &.
STEP I
STEP 1
-- ---.__ . ..-.. ...-..... -- -_.
Wcd
:
STEP 3
STEP 4
STEP 6
STEP

TABLE 7.135
HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING OF FISH MUSCLE TISSUE SAMPLE RESULTS
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
P-
Yunum
STEP 1 STEP 1 STEP l STEP 4 STEP 6 STEP l
D.(rt.d Don ~ m m t 00"
Dom'bun Casbhml Fnqunryd CI.lsUtmd Donluinrm CanUtmd Yuhum Castm-d F e b r SbdpsUk is CasU1M
...... - - - .............. - .. - . . . . . ... .... - ... - ..... .- ... - ............... -. - ........ - .......................
........... _- . . . .
. .............. ..... .................
d
e!!!!?. . -. . _ ... - ..... .- . . . . - - .... . . ................. . _ . . _ . . . . . . . -.-. ....
"d
!e5 . ._ -- .- ......... -. . - .- . . . . . . - . - . . . - . ..... .... _ .... ._ . . __ . ............ ._ _ ... .- - ...- _. .
!?!- _ . - - _. - - ... . ............. ............. ... ... _ ... _ ... .. _- ........ ._ _-_ ......-. ....
Ee!? .. - . ....... - . .. -. ... - . ..... .........
-
2 . . . . .... -. . ..I....-..- ................ ..-...-......
c - ........................ .................. .. ... .. - .... :. --.---....--.--..-- '. . - .- ..-.-..... ...................
CIirm.. -, -- -. .-.. .....-....... - ....... ........... ... _. . . . . _ _ . _ . . . ........... ....
-- ..... -- . . -.- ....-........-. .. - - . . . - ..... - . . - .-. .- - . . ^. . _ .. ....-........... _ -. -. - . . - . . -
EFE- ...... ?U ................. " . . . o.sa 98 . -- .... Y . - ~o EUUW
.- -- .- . . -. . -......-. .- . . . .- .
hrn ............. ._I!!. . CYY~WTED ...... ................... _ ..... -. - .... -. .... -. ...... ...... - ...-.
..........
"d EK--- - - . - . - . - . ...... - ... .. _ _ . ......... _ .. _ .... _ _ ..... _ . . . . . - - . ..
U.pmiurn -- -. .. - - - -.. .- ...-.-... - . . . . . . . ..... ..... ___ ................. _. . ................... .....
*-. .- . _ - ........ -. _ -- . ........ - . . . ....................... - ... - . ... ... -. - ... - - -- -....- ....... ...............
0 018 0.14 No LUUINATED
u -. . - . eota -. ..... ....... !pow .. vn . . - . .............. - ........... - ........ - ... - ... - ......... - - .................
%??!El? . -. - - -. -... .- .....-.. - - . . . . . . . . _ ......... ._ ......... __ . . ............. ..,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
E d ..- . -- .... -. .. -. "d
. -.- ....... - ...... .- .......... - . - . . . - ................... .- ._ . . - . - - ...... - ..... .- - . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... .......
P??E%!T .. -- ........... - - . ........ - . - ................. - .. - .......-.... -. ..- - ....... - ..... -. .. - .. ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .
.
0.74 . . .I.-- . .......... . . - ------ 11.8
-. No EUYRUTEO . . .
. . - .... .......
Ym -. .- -- . , -- ... - . . _. .................. - ...... _ ... - . _ .-- ........ - .. -. ................ - .- .. - . . . .- . .- ... .- - ...- ..................... - ....-...-.-.
. - . - . - . - .......... - . - . - . . . . _ -. _. _ . . .. ....... ................. . . . . . . . . . . .
?!EE - .. - _ - - . ... - ......... ............. - ... - . . . . . . -. .......... -- .... - ._ -- -. . - . ... - - .......... - . - . . . . - -..--- .....
w.Phm .. .... .. -.._ ..... .- . __ . .... . -- _ .-.-... - . .- - .... - . .........
........
10 81 8659.74 ..... . - . . . .
55.- _. .. .. ........ - . I.- . _ T=? ......... .... - .. -. . .'!O - . M %?!YTC?
_ . ___ . ...... _ .... . . . . _ . ., . -. - . .. .............-..... ......................
.. ....... .- ........................ - . - . _- ......................... " . . . . . . - . . . . . . . .
-- .- -- - . - _- ... .- - - .. - - .................. .- ... .- ... - . .- ........... . . . . . . . . .....
. . - - . ........
-.
.... . __ . _ . _-. ... ._ . . . . .
._I- .... ____ ....__.. .. . . . . -... _ . - . . . - ............
-.
-. .. - .. - .... ..... - ....... -. ... - .- - - .... ...... - - ....... .. --. - - .... - -. -. - ... .- ..... - . ... - . -- ............. ..... . . - . - - .
&dm 1016 _ ._ ....... _--.- - ... ...... . . .... - ............... _ _ . . . . - .. . _ _ - - . - .
&odor 1221 -_ .... __ _ . __ .. _ __ . . -- ..... . -. .... -. .... - . - . .
.
1232 . _ . ._ ..... _-. . . _. ~- . . .. _ . . -. -- . . - . . . . . . . . . .
Am& 1242
. ._ ..... . ......... ._ .. _- . ._. .. . .- . _ .. . . ...... - . . . . . .
......
k& 1248 . . ...... .. _ . . . . . ........ ........-.......- _ _ -. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . .
! ... ... .- -. - .... ... -. . -. -- .. .- . -- . - . - .- . . - - - ............... - -. . .- ... - . .. - ... .- ..... --- . .....
. . . . . . .
2- -- .. _ -. .. -. ... -- - ...... .-- ... - . - -- - --- - - ......... .- - . .- . - - .. - .. -. ... -- - - .-.- .. . -. - -. . - ..... - . . . . . . .....
PCB*. _ mbl _ . .. -. _. . . . . .. ... ..-. . .- .............. ,- . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
. ___ _ __ __ . . _ . _- . . .... . . _ ... ...
...
. .
... ... ._ . . . - .. ...........
. . . .
........... .. . ..... -. . ....... ...- . _. . ...-.....-.- . .
E%E!%Rnpr- - -. . .- . . ._ -- _ .. . _ .. .- -. . . __ - . ...........
. . . .
Mmmcd -
nd- me-
Ins - W m I HUrmD subrUre
.--No&-~m~&w~elormk~&am. C-~rrrndsc*stdnnIHS
1989.1992 PNL .nd WMOE D.P . Srh nO danabeM
U

TABLE 7.1-36
EXPOSURE PATHWAYS AND INDICATOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
ADDRESSED IN SITESPECIFIC HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Soil
Sediments
Air
Surface Water
Seeps
Media
Portal Drainage
Holden Village
Location
Maintentance Yard
Lagoon
Forest Service Guard Station
Railroad Creek Adjacent to Site
Railroad Creek Downgradient
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
Throughout Site Area
Copper Creek
Throughout Site Area
Throughout Site Area
H:\Holden\Draftfinal rirpt\S-7\Hhra\Tables\7-1-tabl.xls (Table 7.1-36)
7120199 Page 1 of 1
Route
Ingestion
lnhalation of particulates
Ingestion
Ingestion
lnhalation of particulates
Ingestion
lnhalation of particulates
Ingestion
Ingestion
Ingestion
Ingestion
Inhalation of particulates
lngestionllngestion of fish
Ingestion
Ingestion
IHS
Beryllium
Chromium
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Gasoline range hydrocarbons
Diesel range hydrocarbons
Motor oil range hydrocarbons
Beryllium
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Diesel range hydrocarbons
Motor oil range hydrocarbons
Cadmium
Arsenic
Beryllium
Arsenic
Aluminum
Arsenic
Beryllium
Chromium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Aluminum
Beryllium
Chromium
Manganese
Beryllium
Chromium
Manganese
Chr'omium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Aluminum
Cadmium
Lead
Manganese
Selenium
Zinc
Aluminum
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Manganese
Zinc

.
TABLE 7.1 -37
EXPOSURE CONCENTRATIONS USED FOR SITE-SPECIFIC HUWN HEALTH RlSK ASSESSMENT
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RlSK ASSESSMENT
-
Parameter
Holden
Village'
Maintenance
~ar&
Soit (mplLg)
....
. -. . . . . . . . ....... ...... .- . . - . . ......................
ee. . . . . . . . . . ...
. . . ............... - ..................- . . . - - .-.. - .
Aluminum
................................. 4YE104 B.BBE+03
............--
. . . . . . .... ? ?!E+M.. . ?.(ME*?!_.
-. ... --- .- - ..
6.M)E*01
*.52E+0'
-'= ......
-. .
ItBE?'2 .............................
. . . - ....... - ........
Barium . . . . . . . ......... ............ _ ................-.
. -- .....................
... ---
8_9.!!?! -. ...... ??E?' ........ ?%?! . t.'PE?l. . !.%+00 . l:MI_E?,OO. !.00E.+!? . ._ . ..... - . - ........ - ......-.... .
- ................ _ 1.75E+01
-. ...... ... 1.70E*O2
e*- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.'?E.+O! ! ME4?? ......... .................. - ...........
- . -
c=m. ....................... .................. -. . ..-...-....-...-... ...........
. . 3.43E?t . . . . ... ......... -..?08E*O?.. .. 3:4?E*m- . -1.00E*0' .. 110E4ff . - .-...-.... -- .
. . - - . -
B.eOE+rn
co-!!f- ................. -. .- 3.16E+03
.. ................... 2.41E+M ....................... .. .....-.... --
. .-......
Imn .. ..... _ . _
.... ........ _ __ ......... ._ ......... ....-. -- ..
L* . - . - . . . . . . . 1.07E+03 .- - - -. . 6.20E+02
7.BQE*Ol 3.07EtOl
......... _ .................... ..... .... _ ...... . . . . . . - . ..
Magnarium ...... ..........
. . . . . _ _ _ ........... ..... __._ . .
.. _. ...
Manganese
9.37E*03 3 BBE+02
. - - -.... - - ..... . .......... _ ...... -!:!OEY".- ... ?FEW . . . 'ME? ............. ..200E05 . . . . -. -. .-
Mercury, inorganic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
........
MdyWaa~ .................
_ 2.6BE+03
.__ . . . . . . . ...... ..... ............--..... ..... -
EtE% ...... - . - ..................................
. - .......-.... ...... - -- ..
POlaSsii
.. ...... _ ..... _ ........... _ ................. - ._ ......... . . ...... _ .
selenium
. ..... _- ... .- - . - ..... - .............................
.............................
._9: ?!
?1. - . _ . - . .- .. _. . - ................. _ ... _ ............. -- ........................................
-. - .- -
Sodium ..... ......................................
. . ............. .- .............
-.......
Thallium. mhitde sans .... __ ._ . _ _ . . . . . . . . . . . ....... -- . ... .....................
.....-..-...
".'E%!~i- *! _- . .................. ............................ -. . -.-.--.........---.. ...... -. . ......-. .
Zinc
-. . -. . - - ............ .- . - ................. - 2.37E*?? . .-
_ .. - .. . - -. . -- -_ ....... ........... -_ ........................ 9.77E*03 ....-.. B.B5E+O3 -. .-
. - ....... __ .... ................... -_- . _.
.............- .......
._ ........ -. ..... .. -- ......... ... -- ............
...................... ......-..-.-..
Cyanb3e. . Tolal .. __ - . ....... _ ...... .. .. . .......... - . . . . . -. ..-. - .- - .........
. .... - ..... __ _ . _ .. __ .......... . .. ...... ........................... _. ..-..
-- .............. - ................................ - . . -. .... . - - .. -- .- _ . _ . . - --........-.-.. ...............
AmdOr 1016 - . -. -___ __ .... _ .... .. _._-.I __ ...... -- . -. ....... _ .-.. - . -. - - -- - . . . .
m in1 ... _ .... .. .... I . __
............ .............. ... -. ....
--L242.-. ...... . . - ............ ......... -..... .. ...... - ................... ........ . .
A?- F2.. - .. .. . . - -. ....-..... -. ... - . -. ..... -..- -.....-.--.- .............
E?E#T!E.- ...... - .- .. - - -- ..... -. .- -- .... - ........... - ._ ... - ........ .- . . . - .... - .. .- . . . . ...........
Arodor 1254
. ... ._. . . ___ . .. -. ....... . . . . . . . . . - . . . . ....
A-md"'260_ . . ._-- . - - .. . ._ . . - . .. . . .
........
PS!oto - .. -- .. .. ._ ... -. ... . .... ... - -. - ............. .................
I
-I____-__. _ . ......... . . . . - . - - .
-- ...... - . - .......... -- _ ._ . -. ... - - .. - ...... - - - _. .......... - ....... - ...
. . - . -
l7OE*03
Ga%~~~ge~~de-- -- .... . ..... - .. - -~ - . .... -- ........... -. . . - .......
. . . . . . .
= - - - ..... 1.X)E*o4 2.3"'*02
. .. - --- - - . --- .... .. . -. .
. . . . . . .
MMnOd 9.WEtO3 4.10E+02
%asad on UCL va!m
?~dkimt mmk oi santpes a dstsrtMs lo caldats UCL value Oposure soncenm is me masirmm deMd OmcantntIOn
'Aluminum. cadmium, chromium. copper. msnganese. mdybdenwn. and zbr basad on UCL va*e. Oms bawd on marimran deleclad umemntion dm to ins&!* s w r M dstecnons
%amium based on madmum value Omen based on UCL value.
agoo on'
Forest service
Guard Slation'
Railmad
C d
Adjacent to
SiteC
Page 1 of 1
Sediments
Railmad Crwk
Downgradient
horn Slb'
Copper Crwkb
COPW cmk
Diveralonb
.
Alr
Throughout
Slb Arsa
Swiace W&r
Copper c mkb
sap.
mm-
Ske
porn1
thirups
~ U O -
Sib'
-_-- .
Z.opE+rn..
.
--
...
.- . - .. -. -
......
.
..-... .
.........
.......
-

TABLE 7.1 -38
TOXICITY CRITERIA AND BlOCONCENTRATlON FACTORS USED FOR SITESPECIFIC HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Inhalation
Onl C a m
InIuMon Cmnsn
Carcinogen Onl Rafmcs
Rdarmn Don
Poancy Fador
POta8-e~ Faclor
Bloconc*mnuar
Panmbr Tork Effasm Endpolnt CL.l.inulIon bsa (mgRa4ay) Sourn mIlnl04.Y) Source (pr mgRm4ayi Soma (prmgltrn4ad.l) Soume Factor(u~*.s) Soum
. ..-.... _.
- - - -- . .......-.... - - ...................... - . ..-. ....... _. .... __
_-_ __.__I-
...
..-...... . . . .
dlrtrlr.. - - .... - - ...... .-. . - - -..-...... ........... - . -. .- . . -. ....... - ............... ._ ...... - - ..... - ... -. .. - -- - --. ........ .- - .-. -. ........
eUT. - .- NA
NA
- - NA
NCEA suppm nluo
.- -
...
NA
NA
.. . - I. _ .. ._ .... ! .. NP_
-... F .... ...... ORNL ...
..-. HA . UI .-.........
. -.
50
CLARCU!?%). .
NA
c-c !l.Ltoss! . . - -- 19 .... CURCllIl%6)
..... NA
.... ..- -. .-
-. ... 4 .
-- . --
. . .HI . %!. .-...
.. CLARC!'!'996! ....... B"
.
.. C_*C!!!E) . .
';FC!'!'.E,. .......
16
. !? .... ! . - .... -
CVJ(c II!l.%) , ,
N A - . ..... 38 . . CLM(C11(1898)
.PU. !
NA
.......................
. . . . . . . . . 49_ . ?EM .....
......... NA
EZ"???' . 5k!V5!!U.E).-
... '00 . CO""-"?'-"O.
NA NA
_ _ NA .
--
. . . . '00 .. -!?'??"?'-
NA . . (6 . .
SPHEM.,
NA
CURC Il(1996)
-. 47 ,
- . - - . .
..
Ga- wE.!!2e
NA - NA
NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
... .
....... _-- ... --_ .- ........... . . .... .....- . - - . . . . . . . . - . . !A .. NA . . .
~~~ R- -n
N A .. _ NA
NA NA NA NA
.. _ .... -_ ..... _ . . .. .......-.... oar!?.? .. cuRcn[!.Er. . ................... Y . 5 - . w . NL
M o ( o l Q I R m p a ~ NA
NA
NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Ndoa:
ORNL - O& Rldps NaSonrl bbmatw. ESIERn(lM61R. 1995..
SPHEM = Supsmmd Rmbs Moalth Ev~atbn Mmull EPA YOll-&C60. 1988
NCEA - USEPA NCM rupporl nb.
NA = Nol AmihW
s.'
1.5 - CURC I1 (1096)
-. .
43 . -. ..
'l -
. . NA --
NA.
.-.- ---
NA ._ _
NA
CLARClI(l896)
... .-... .. ...
ARmis
A
-. -- - . - ....... - .... Syn -- ILtaiMl - -...... - - - ....... 0.'="-2 -. - . I!??!
B_O!%! .... N! ......... --- BZ . OPIH_ . c-"! {"996!.
E?!!E .--? ..-.. Nee!!*?! ..--.- 8' . .O-. c-cl!!tsssr
..F. ..- Y.. . -.
Uvmium
A
-. . - - - - - . - ...-.. NA - - ... -. ....-.... - . . - 0.005 .- . . 1 !toss) .
.-IYP. . - IU.. ..............
%F._..- .... Gasbnintartinrl IoxiciV
. --_ ... ... .o. . . .!'? _. . CURC"1'???!
...? .... !
82
Ed -. .. )It!"to??Y.- ..- . . Y .. 9
NA _. NA -- .._. . . -
!!Ee!L -_._. .... -- Ncum+niaty . .. ..o . . . 0047 - .. C-e 11!996! . .
. NA
.- .....
NA
.- ........
. . !. .... 0,"s
!~U!!! ... ..'TEE
.- C?C! !(%!
. . . NA NA
.... -- ...............
NA NA NA
......... NA
NA
Yz'k" - . - . - - -_ ....... CJmd - --.. '*-?"-. ..... .o .-?.002 .. CLARC I !?!? ...
.. -. ...... - .... -- - . . . . . . . .
03
NA ..!? .... %?'- NA
zmc-. .. . .- ...... .n:?moloe=iz - . .R ........ Uc.RC11(1988! ...%
....
_
...... _ .. .............
........... ... -- ........ ........ _ ........ . . - . . . .
w-..
....
-- ........

TABLE 7.1-JS
EXPOSURE FACTORS USED FOR SITE-SPECIFIC HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
HOLDEN MINE
BASEUNE RISK ASSESSMENT

TABLE 7.1.40
SITE-SPECIFIC METHOD C CLEANUP
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Soil
SMinwnla
Mdi8
Alr
Surtaw Water
Seeps
POMI Dnlnage
Loution
tiol*n WIIAQE
Maintenurn Yard
Gwn ,
Fomrl S~MW ~uard SUM
Railmad Cmk Adpunt lo Slle
Railmad Cmk Damgr#&enl
Coppar Cmh
Coppor Cmek Dlvsnion
Thmughout Silo h a
Cop~r Cmek
Thmughoul Snle Area
Thmughout Site Area
NA - Not evallable duo lo lack of toiiclly vilene. Dirwssed qualltivaly.
H:\Holdsn!DraMnal nrpl\S_7Whm\Tables\7-l.labl.xls (Table 7.1.40)
7120189
Routs
lnpasbon
Inhalatan of p W U 8
Inpasbon
lhgeswn
Inhalation ol wNculam1
~nparMn
InhahbM ol pmtlllaies
lnp.sWn
lnporlion
lnpmon
InpasPon
Inhalabon of pr(isuh10s
Inpodon of water
Inpstion of Irh
lnpartlon
Inpsttlon
lns
Boryllwm
Chmmum
A~M~C
Cadnim
coppr
Lead
Cadino nnpo hy~rtanr mse~ nnpa hydmorbanr
Motor oil nnpo hyhoortans
~yl~lum
cadMum
~ c m r
Lead
Zinc
hael nnpa hydmurLwns
Molw oil nnpa hyoourtans
Cadmum
hens
BoqUium
henic
Aluminum
Anonic
hyllium
Chmmum
Manp.nose
Mownum
Aluminum
Beryllium
Chmnium
Manganese
Beryllium
Chronum
Manpanere
Chromium
Manganere
Motyb&num
Motyadenum
Alumnum
Cadmum
Lead
Manganese
Selentum
Znnc
Alumnum
Cadmum
Coppsr
~eaa
Menganesa
Ztnc
-0
W O
W'kO
W O
fwo
moh0
m@40
fwo
wo
mg"rg
m@40
W O
mDh0
-0
moh0
WW
m@40
W O
-0
moho
moh0
rw'hl
W O
W O
-0
mPh0
mDh0
mDhP
mph0
W O
WO
mDh0
uS'M
W'l
ufl
4
owl
4
u@
u@
uon
ufl
ufl
upn
UWl
U!Y
Ufl
M.thodC
Nowatxinopan U.lnod C C.tx8n0p.n
Cbanup C ~ N Cbanup Cfiwr*
2.42E.03
1.4tE.01
. 6.03E.03
1.27EIOJ
2.12E.03
1.57EIOS
l.WE*02
Z.IZEW
l.BOElO3
l.lIIE.05
B.WE.05
3.18~+03
5.JOE.04
3.20EIQ)
2 40E+O3
l.BOE.04
1.BOE.04
1.50E.05
l.BOE+M
3.2OEIQ)
l.BOE+M
l.WE.04
1 .ME*aS
I .BOE+M
I.BOE+M
1.50E.05
t.BOE*M
5.01 E-05
3.2OE+03
6.48€+02
8.4OE+O5
3.20€+02
3,01E+M
3.20E103
l.B2E+OS
6.40E*05
3.20E+02
z.~~E+M
3.01E*M
1.02€*05
3 7OE+o1
2.9E.05
7.07E.02
2.47E.02
6.36E+M
2.87E.02
O.JOE.01
B.ME.01
8 30E*01
Low81 Mathod C
Cbanup Cnmria
1.41E.01
6 O3E*03
1.08Et02
2.12E.03
1.57E105
NA
NA
N A
NA
3.7OE+Ol
1 WEN3
1.18~105
NA
9 60E.05
NA
NA
2.58E.05
7.07E+02
2.47EtO2
8 36E.M
3 20E*08
2.67Et02
9.30E+01
1 WE+
!.ME105
1.6OE*M
3.20E108
9.3OEIOl
l.MIE*M
l.SOEIO5.
O.SOE+Ol
1.60EtM
1 ME+05
1.BOE+M
S.OlE-05
3.20E.03
8 4BE+02
6.4OE*05
3.20€+02
NA
3.01E1M
3.20E+03
1.82E105
6 4OE.05
3.20Et02
2.37~+04
NA
3OlE+M
1.92E105

TABLE 7.1-41
COMPARISON OF SITESPECIFIC METHOD C CRITERIA TO EXPOSURE CONCENTRATIONS
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Media
Soil
Sediments
Air
Surface Water
Seeps
Portal Drainage
--
Location
Holden Village
Maintentanw Yard
Lagoon
Foresl Selvice Guafd Station
Railroad Creek Adjacent to Site
Railroad Creek Downgradient
Copper Creek
Copper Creek Diversion
Throughout Site Area
Copper Creek
Throughoul Sile Area
Throughout Sile Area
-- -
~outa
Ingestion
Inhalation ol particulates
Ingestion
Ingestion
Inhalation of particulate9
Ingestion
Inhalabon of particulates
Ingestion
Ingestion
Ingestion
Ingestion
Inhalation of pafliwlatas
Ingestion of water
Ingestion of fish
Ingestion
lngest~on
na = Not available due to lack of loxiuly wileria. Discussed pualltalively.
IHS
Beryllium
Chromium
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Gasoline range hydmcarbons
Diesel range hydrocarbons
Motor oil range hydroca*ons
Beryllium
Cadmium
Cwver
Lead
Zinc
Diesel range hydmcahons
Moar oil range hydrocarbons
Cadmium
Arsenic
Beryllium
anic
Aluminum
Arsenic
Beryllium
Chromium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Aluminum
Beryllium
Chromium
Manganese
Beryllium
Chromium
Manganese
Chromium
M~~~~~~~~
Molybdenum
Molybdenum
Aluminum
Cadmium
Lead
Manganese
Selenium
Zinc
Alurn~num
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
Page 1 of I
- ~
units
Exposun
Concentration
mghg 2.60E-01
qkg 3.43E+01
qkg 6.0OE+Ol
mghg 2.16€+01
mgkg 3.16€+03
mgkg 1.07E+03
mpllcg 1.40E+02
rnghg 1.2OE+M
m@g 9.8OE+O3
mghg 3.00E-01
mghg 1.84E+02
mpllcg Z.~IE+W
m~hg 6.20E+02
m~hg 2.37E+04
mghg 2.30E+02
mphg 4.40E+02
qkg 184E+02
m g 2.52E+01
rnghp 2.20E-01
m@g 2.52E+01
mghg 4.63E+@
rngkg 1.26€+02
mghg ' 1.00€+00
mphg 4.06€+02
mghg 1.40E+03
mghg 2.66E+03
mghg 8.90E+M
mgkg 1.00E+M)
mghg 3.40E+02
mghg 1.03E+03
mghg 1.00E+W
mghg l.CUE+03
mghg 1.20E+03
mghg 1 .lOE+OZ
ugIm3 2.00E-05
ugn 2.06E+02
ugn 2.06~*02
ugtl 4.54E+M
wn 1.75~+01
ugn 7.60~+01
ugn 9.37~+03
ugn 9.30~+01
ugn 9.77E+03
ugn ' 9.88~*03
ugn 1.70~+02
ugn 6.6OE+03
ugn 3.87~+01
ugn 3.86~+02
ugn 8.~5~+03
Method C
Cleanup Criteria
1.4tE*01
6.03E+03
1 .ffiE+02
2.12€+03
1.57E+05
na
na
na
na
3.70E*Ot
1.60E*03
l.l8~+05
na
9.60E+05
na'
na
2.58E+05
7.07E+02
2.47€+02
6.36E*M
3.20€+06
2.67€+02
9.3OE+Ot
1.60E+04
1.50€+05
1.60E+04
3.20E+08
8.30E+01 '
1.60E+04
1.50E+O5
9.30E+OI
1.60€+04
1.50€+05
1.60€+04
5.01E-05
3.20€+03
6.48€+02
6.40E+05
3.20E+02
na
3.OlE+04
3.20E+03
1.92E+05
6.40€+05
3.20E+02
2.37EcW
na
3.01€+04
1.92€+05
Exceeds
Criteria?
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
na
na
na
na
NO
NO
NO
na
NO
na
na
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
na
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
na
NO
NO

TABLE 7.142
CALCUIATION OF CANCER RISKS AND HAZARD QUOTlENTS
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RISK ASSESSMENT
Poml Drainap. Thmughout StIe Area lnpasllon
NA . Nol available due O Isch of Oxluhl cntena. Diswsled quelltabvaiy.
Cadmium
Load
Manganese
Sslsnlum
Zlnc
Aluminum
Cndmium
Cowr
Load
Manpanose
Zinc
Pap. I or 1
ug
upn
upn
upn
u@
upn
upn
@
upn
upn
upn
1.75EIOl
760E101
O.37E+O3
9.30E*0l
9.77EM3
9MIE*03
1.70E*02
B,WE*03
387E101
3.88E+02
8.85E103
3.20E102
J.OIE*M
3.20E+03
1.82Et05
6.4OEM5
3.2OE+02
2.37E+M
3.OIE104
1.92E+05
3.tlE-01
2.BlE.02
5.OBE-02
1.548-02
5.3tE.01
2.7BE-01
I.28E-02
4.6lE-02

TABLE 7.1-43
EVALUATION OF CUMULATIVE RISK
HOLDEN MINE
BASELINE RlSK ASSESSMENT
Effect
Cartinogenesis
Carcinogenasis
Hernotoxicity
Skin toxicity
Skin toxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Neurotoxicity
Population
Village residents/reueationeI users
Forest Service workers
TOTAL CANCER RISK
TOTAL CANCER RISK
Village residenWrecreational users
TOTAL HAZARD INDEX
Village residentslrecreational users
TOTAL HAZARD INDEX
Forest Serviw workers
TOTAL HAZARD INDEX
Village residentslreueational users
TOTAL HAZARD INDEX
Village residentslr~reational users
TOTAL HAZARD INDEX
Hazard
QuoUent
2.47E-02
5.09E-02
4.09E-02
1.16E-01
5.25E-02
4.71E-02
9.96E-02
7.928-03
7.92E-03
H:\Holden\Draftfinal rirpt\SI\Hhra\Tables\7-l-tabl.xls (Table 7.1-43)
7120199
1.02E-02
1.15E-01
1.82E-02
1.77E-01
1.68E-01
2.15E-02
3.18E-01
8.28E-01
2.75E-02
9.33E-03
6.87E-03
8.00E-03
4.00E-01
3.11E-01
1.15E-02
7.74841
Cancer Risk
1.84E-07
5.69E-08
8.1 1 E-08
7.13E-09
5.66E-08
4.72E-06
1.08E-07
1.08E-07
1.08E-07
1.10E-06
3.56E-07
8.91E-09
3.B6E-09
3.69E-07
Page 1 of 1
Conatltuent
Beryllium
Chromium .
Beryllium
Cadmium
Arsenic
Arsenic
Beryllium
Beryllium
Beryllium
Arsenic
Beryllium
Arsenic
Zinc
Zinc
Zinc
Arsenic
Arsenic
Arsenic
Exposum Pathway
Hdden Village ingestion of sod
Hdden Village inhalation of particulates
Legoon ama ingestion of soil
Lagoon ama inhalation of particulates
Meintenanm Yard ingestion of soil
Railroad Cmk ingestion of sed~rnents (Site)
Railroad Creek ingestion of sediments (site)
Railroad Cnak ingest'in of sediments (downgradient)
Copper Cnak ingestion of sediments
Forest Service guard station ingestion of soil
Forest Service guard station ingest'in of soil
Forest Service guard station inhalation of particulates
Lagoon area ingestion of soil
Seeps ingestmn of water
Portel drainage ingestion of water
Railroad Creek ingestion of sediments (sits)
Maintenance Yard ingestion of soil
Forest Service guard station ingestion of soil
Cadmium Maintenance yard ingestion of Soil
Cadmium Lagoon area ingestion of soil
Cadmium Seeps ingestion of water
Cadmium Portal drainage ingestion of water
Molybdenum Railroad Creek ingestion of sediments (site)
Molybdenum Copper Creek ingestion of water
Molybdenum Copper Creek ingestion of fish
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Manganese
Holden Village ingestion of soil
Railroad Creek ingestion of sediments (site)
Railroad Creek ingestion of sediments (downgradient)
Copper Creek ingestion of sediments
Inhalation of particulates
Seeps ingestion of water
Portal drainage ingestion of water

Constituent
Aluminum
Arsenic
Acute Toxicity Summary
Soluble forms of aluminum are potentially toxic; the
insoluble forms have no measurable acute response. Acute
aluminum toxicity is unlikely. The vast majority of cases
of aluminum toxicity in humans fall into one of two
categories: I) patients with chronic renal failure; 2) people
exposed to aluminum in the workplace. Aluminum dust
may cause eye irritation.
Acute oral exposure can cause muscular cramps, facial
swelling, cardiovascular reactions, severe gastrointestinal
damage, and vascular collapse leading to death. Sensory
loss and hematopoietic symptoms delayed afler exposure
to high concentrations are usually reversible. Inhalation
exposure can cause severe irritation of nasal lining, larynx,
and bronchi.
TABLE 7.1-44
TOXICITY PROFILES FOR INDICATOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
Chronic Toxicity Summary
Some aluminum workers are at risk for
developing respiratory manifestations of
aluminum toxicity, mainly asthma, chronic
obstructive lung disease, and pulmonary
fibrosis. Serum phosphorus was reduced and
urinary phosphorus and calcium were
increased with chronic exposure to aluminum
aerosol. Delayed hypersensitivity,
telangiectases, and granulomas may occur
from chronic aluminum skin contact.
Chronic oral or inhalation exposure can
produce: changes in skin, including
hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis;
peripheral neuropathy; liver injury;
cardiovascular disorders; peripheral vascular
disease associated with oral exposures; and
blackfoot disease. High doses of some
inorganic arsenic compounds to pregnant
laboratory animals produced malformations
in offspring.
.
Cancer Potential
Excess skin cancers have been
observed in individuals drinking
water with elevated levels of
arsenic from natural sources.
Excess lung cancers have been
observed in workers exposed to
elevated concentrations of arsenic
in air.
Other
Aluminum compounds have been
evaluated as non-mutagenic by most
standard methods of mutagenic assays.
Toxicity viies for different
compounds; inorganic trivalent arsenic
compounds are usually more toxic
than pentavalent compounds.

Constituent
Beryllium
Cadmium
Acute Toxicity Summary
Acute lung disease (cheinical pneumonitis) has been
observed immediately after inhalation of aerosols of
.soluble and insoluble beryllium compounds in broken
fluorescent light tubes. Several months after exposure the
entire respiratory tract may become inflamed with
fulminating pneumonitis in severe reactions. Recoveries
usually occur within weeks, but fatalities have occurred.
In studies with monkeys, high concentrations of aerosols of
beryllium fluoride or beryllium phosphate produced severe
lung reactions in all animals and damaged the liver and
kidney as well as affecting adrenals, pancreas, thyroid, and
spleen; many lesions were similar to those inpatients who
died of pneumonitis. Conjunctivitis and contact dermatitis
may follow exposure to beryllium, with skin lesions or
ulcerations. Beryllium compounds may produce
hypersensitivity with delayed allergic reactions.
For acute exposure by ingestion, symptoms of cadmium
toxicity included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, muscular
cramps, salivation, spasms, drop in blood pressure, vertigo,
loss of consciousness, and collapse. Acute renal kilure,
liver damage, and death may occur. Exposure by
inhalation can cause irritation, coughing, labored
respiration, vomiting, acute chemical pneumonitis, and
pulmonary edema.
TABLE 7.1-44 (CONTINUED)
TOXICITY PROFILES FOR INDICATOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
Chronic Toxicity Summary
The lung is a major target organ for toxic
effects of beryllium. Berylliosis, a chronic
granulomatous lung disease that is frequently
fatal, has been described for over 40 years
among workers exposed to insoluble
beryllium compounds; symptoms may
include shortness of breath, cyanosis,
clubbed fingers, and lesions that progress to
fibrotic tissue and nodules with respiratory
dysfunction.
Respiratory and renal toxicity are major
effects in workers. Chronic oral exposures
can produce kidney damage. Cadmium
accumulates in kidney, and nephropathy
results after critical concentration in kidney
is reached, probably about 200 glg.
Inhalation can cause chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, - including bronchitis,
progressive fibrosis, and emphysema.
Chronic exposure affects calcium
metabolism and can cause loss of calcium
from bone, bone pain, osteomalacia, and
osteoporosis. Chronic exposure may be
associated with hypertension. Cadmium can
produce testicular atrophy, sterility, and
teratogenic effects in experimental animals.
Cancer Potential
Beryllium compounds or alloys
have produced cancer in rats,
rabbits, and monkeys. Lung
tumors have been reported in dts
and monkeys exposed by
inhalation, intratracheally, or
intrabronchial implantation, and
bone tumors have been produced
in rabbits after intravenous or
intraosseus administration.
Excess lung cancer has been
observed in some studies of
workers occupationally exposed
to beryllium, but data on exposure
and confounding factors were
lacking. Beryllium and its
compounds have been classified
by IARC as having sufficient
evidence of being carcinogenic in
animals and limited evidence in
humans, and by EPA as a
probable human carcinogen.
Some beryllium compounds are
mutagenic in vitro.
Increased risk of prostate cancer
and perhaps respiratory tract
cancer have been seen in workers
exposed by inhalation. No
evidence of carcinogenicity from
chronic oral exposure exists.
Other
Wide variations in individual
sensitivity have been reported, perhaps
because of an immune reaction;
individuals exposed to low doses may
exhibit severe effects. Beryllium is
stored in the body for many years with
detectable amounts in lung reported as
long as 23 years after exposure. .

Constituent
Chromium
Copper
Acute Toxicity Summary
The major acute effect from oral exposure is renal tubular
necrosis. Inhalation of chromate salts results in irritation
and inflammation of nasal mucosa, ulceration, and
perforation of nasal septum.
Inhalation of copper dusts results in symptoms similar to
metal fume fever. Exposure to metal fumes results in
upper respiratory tract irritation, metallic or sweet taste,
metal fume fever, and skin and hair discoloration.
Exposure to dusts and mists of copper salts result in
congestion of nasal mucous membranes, sometimes of the
pharynx, and occasional ulceration and perforation of nasal
septum. Acute copper sulfate poisoning in humans (oral)
is sometimes fatal; symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea,
hypotension, coma, and jaundice.
TABLE 7.1-44 (CONTINUED)
TOXICITY PROFILES FOR INDICATOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
Chronic Toxicity Summary
Chronic exposure to hexavalent chromium
has resulted in kidney damage in animals and
humans. Inhalation exposures to chromates
in industrial settings have resulted in nasal
membrane inflammation, chronic rhinitis,
laryngitis, and pharyngitis. Exposures to
skin can result in allergic skin reactions in
sensitive individuals. Overall, hexavalent
forms are usually more toxic than trivalent
forms.
Hemolytic anemia occurs after chronic
exposure in some dialysis patients. Sensitive
to individuals with metabolism disorders
(Wilson's disease and Menke's disease).
Cancer Potential
Hexavalent chromium is
considered a known human
carcinogen. Excess lung cancer
has been associated with workers
in the chromate-producing
industry. Chromate salts have
been shown to be carcinogenic in
rats exposed by inhalation in
some studies.
Copper is not known to be
carcinogenic in humans or
laboratory animals.
Other
Trivalent chromium is an essential'
element in human nutrition.
Chromium toxicity is related to
valence state.
Copper is an essential nutrient in
human nutrition. The organoleptic
threshold in water is I to 5 mgll.

Constituent
Lead
Manganese
Molybdenum
Acute Toxicity Summary
Acute inorganic lead intoxication in humans is
characterized by encephalopathy, abdominal pain,
hemolysis, liver damage, renal tubular necrosis, seizures,
coma, and respiratory arrest.
Toxicity following acute ingestion of inorganic manganese
salts is unlikely since they are poorly absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract. If dust or fume is inhaled in
sufficient quantity, may produce "metal fume fever".
Toxic effects include damage to liver, kidneys, and
sometimes adrenals and spleen. Subchronic exposure can
produce decreased growth rate, male infertility, weight
loss, and abnormalities of bone or joint in forelegs of
animals. Some molybdenum salts are irritating to eyes and
mucous membranes. With oral exposures, fatty
degeneration of liver and kidney occur in animals.
G:\WPDATAW)SU1EPORTsWOLDM-Z\Rn70 doc
17693-00SJJt9Uuly 23. 1999;I:Sl PM;DRAFT
TABLE 7.1-44 (CONTINUED)
TOXICITY PROFILES FOR INDICATOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
Chronic Toxicity Summary
Chronic low levels of exposure to lead can
affect the hematopoietic system, the nervous
system, and the cardiovascular system. Lead
inhibits several key enzymes involved in
heme biosyntheses. One characteristic effect
of chronic lead intoxication is anemia, by
reduction of both hemoglobin production and
shortened erythrocyte survival. In humans,
lead exposure has resulted in nervous system
injury including reduced hand-eye
coordination, reaction time, visual motor
performance, and nerve conduction velocity.
Developing children appear especially
sensitive to lead-induced nervous system
injury. Lead can also affect the immune
system and produce gingival lead lines.
Epidemiological studies have indicated that
chronic lead exposure may be associated
with increased blood pressure in humans.
Exposure to lead is associated with sterility.
abortion, neonatal mortality, and morbidity.
Organolead compounds are neurotoxic.
Systemic toxicity is most common following
chronic inhalation or ingestion. Two clinical
patterns are common: one involving the
degeneration of the CNS resulting in
manganese psychosis; and the other
involving acute pneumonitis.
Joint deformities occur with prolonged
exposure. Toxicity depends on many dietary
factors that affect trace metals. In most
species, toxicity includes loss of appetite,
reduced growth, anemia, hair loss, loss of
hair color, bone defects. Molybdenum has
been implicated in human gout and bone-
crippling disease, but its involvement has not
been proven.
Cancer Potential
Lead salts have shown some
evidence of carcinogenicity in
animals at very high exposure
levels.
Existing studies are inadequate to
assess the carcinogenicity of
manganese.
Cancer potential is not indicated.
Other
i
Children are especially sensitive to
low-level exposures to lead.
Manganese is an element considered
essential to human health. High levels
may interfere with iron absorption.
Divalent mangangese (2+) is about 2
to 3 times more toxic than is
manganese(3+).
Molybdenum is an essential nutrient in
humans. Species vary in sensitivity.
Ruminants are especially sensitive to
molybdenum toxicity. Molybdenum
salts differ in toxicity. Copper
prevents accumulation of molybdenum
in liver. Molybdenum may interact
with other metals, and may increase
fluoride retention.

Constituent
Selenium
Zinc
Gasoline
Acute Toxicity Summary
Acute exposure can produce CNS effects including
nervousness, drowsiness, and convulsions, and eye and
nasal irritation.
Acute adverse effects of zinc include: metal fume fever by
inhalation of fumes; and fever, nausea, vomiting, stomach
cramps, and diarrhea from ingestion.
Acute inhalation exposures to 500 ppm resulted in central
nervous system effects including headache, dizziness,
nausea and drowsiness. At higher concentrations,
anesthesia, loss of reflexes, convulsions, delirium,
unconsciousness, and coma may occur.
TABLE 7.1-44 (CONTINUED)
TOXICITY PROFILES FOR INDICATOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
Chronic Toxicity Summary
Chronic inhalation exposure to selenium-
containing compounds can result in pallor,
coated tongue, gastrointestinal disorders,
nervousness, garlic breath, liver and spleen
damage, anemia, and mucosal irritation.
Discoloration, decayed teeth, skin eruptions,
gastrointestinal distress, and loss of hair and
nails have been reported in humans exposed
orally. In livestock, excess intake can cause
blind staggers--impaired vision, weak limbs,
respiratory failure--and alkali disease--hair
loss, sterility, atrophy of hooves, lameness,
and anemia. Selenium is embryotoxic and
teratogenic in animals.
Prolonged ingestion of zinc can result in
irritability, muscular stiffness and pain, loss
of appetite, and nausea. High levels of zinc
in diet may retard growth and produce
defective mineralization of bone.
Animal studies indicate that chronic
inhalation exposures to gasoline resulted in a
reduction in body weight gain.
Cancer Potential
Selenium is carcinogenic in
laboratory animals, but may be
anticarcinogenic and protective in
humans.
Zinc is not known to be
carcinogenic in humans or
laboratory animals.
Animal studies have shown an
increase in renal tumors and
sarcomas in rats and
hepatocellular tumors in mice.
IARC has classified gasoline as a
Group 2B possible human
carcinogen. USEPA concluded
that gasoline is a Group C
possible human carcinogen. In
vitro assays are generally
nonpositive.
Other
Se!enium is an essential element in
humans. Its toxicity is related to
chemical form.
Zinc is an essential nutrient in human
nutrition. The taste threshold is 15
ppm in water; 40 ppm soluble zinc
salts in water imparts a metallic taste.
There is a possible indication of
developmental toxicity associated with
gasoline.
DAMES & MOORE

Constituent
Diesel Fuel,
Light Weight
Fuel Oils, and
Jet Fuel
Heavy fuel
oils, Residual
fuels, No. 6
fuel oil
Acute Toxicity Summary
Acute inhalation can cause dizziness, headache, nausea,
and fatigue in workers.
Acute dermal exposure to heavy No. 6 fuel oil in rabbits
caused severe dermal irritateion, weight loss, anorexia,
ataxia, lethargy, toxic hepatitis, gastrointestinal irritation
and congested lungs. Other grades of No. 6 fuel oil caused
irritation but no systemic toxicity.
TABLE 7.1-44 (CONTINUED)
TOXICITY PROFILES FOR INDICATOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
Chronic Toxicity Summary
Chronic inhalation may induce fatigue,
anxiety, mood changes and memory
difficulties in workers. Animal studies
indicate liver effects, reduced red blood cell
count, nasal inflammatory changes, and
decreased body weight gains occur after
chronic inhalation exposures. Dermal
exposures in mice have produced kideny
lesions.
Cancer Potential
Tumor promotion and
carcinogenesis of the middle
distillates after dermal exposures
is possibly due to chronic
irritation and hyperplasia. IARC
has classified marine diesel fuel
as possibly carcinogenic to
humans (Group 28) and light
diesel fuels and jet fuels as Group
3, not classifiable. USEPA has
assigned jet fuels to Group C,
possible human carcinogens. In
vitro assays are generally
nonpositive.
Cracked bunker fuel produced
skin tumors in mice after dermal
application. IARC concluded
there is sufficient evidence of the
carcinogenicity of heavy fuel oils
to classify them as Group 2B,
possibly carcinogenic to humans.
In vitro assays are generally
nonpositive.
Other
Embryotoxic, fetotoxic, and
teratogenic effects have not been seen.
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.2.2-1A
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK, SOUTH BANK
(SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM SOUTH BANK UPSTREAM OF SITE, 1991 - 1997)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 1769340WJ19
Parameters
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
'U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting l~mit shaum.
r. but not detected. Detect~on limit is an estimated value.
dicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn, et al. 1994. Gwchemical data and sample locahty maps for stream-sediment. heavy-mineral-concentrate. mill tailing, water. and precipitate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washington USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the Holden mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Analytical results and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mine. spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-1 28 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilburn. J E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached. data collected in FaU 1996)
H.\Holden\Drafl final ri rpt\S_7\eco raUables\7-2-2-1-a.x(s
Tl?6/99
Page 1 of 3
TABLE 7.2.2-1A
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS B COMPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM SOUTHBANK OF RAILROAD CREEK
Statistical Notes: (Statisical calculations were performed using Washington Gepartment of Ecology's MTCAStat
Excel V 5 Macro (Module 2.1). downloaded from their web site.)
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only. '
Range of reporting limrts (RL) are based on results reported as not detected
Distribution is determined based on the MTCA stat program by analyzing the data'through the 'W-Test' or 'DAgostino's test".
Where data is not lognormally nor normally distributed, the distribution is noted as 'Neither.
When approdrnate distribution is reported as 'ne~thef, the maximum concentratim is reported as the 95% UCL and is presented in BOLD font
The mean is an arithmetic mean if data are normally distributed or if distributiorjir. indicated as 'Neither'.
The reported mean for lognormally distributed data is a lognormal mean.
Statistical analysis was not performed on data sets where 50% or greater of thi results were reported as not detected.
Only maximum and minimum concentrations are reported, if applicable For tk& data sets. a calculated median is based on detected values only.

TABLE 7.2.2-1 A
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK. SOUTH BANK
(SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM SOUTH BANK ADJACENT TO THE SITE, 1997)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693905-019
Parameters
H \Holden\Drafl final n rptS_7\eco ra\tables\7-2-2-1 -a.xls
7/26/96
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
r but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
dicates the concentration of anawe was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed
Statistical Notes:
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only.
Range of reporting limns (RL) are based on results reported as not detected.
Statistical analysis was not performed on data sets where 50% or greater of the results were reported as not detected. Only maximum and minimum concentrations are reported, if applicable.
For these data sets. a calculated median 1s based on detected values only.
Page 2 of 3
TABLE 7.2.2-1A
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 8 COMPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM SOUTHBANK OF RAILROAD CREEK

H.\Holden\Draft final ri rpt\S_7\eco ra\tabIes\7-2-2-1-a xls
7126199
TABLE 7.22-1A
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK, SOUTH BANK
(SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM SOUTH BANK DOWNSTREAM OF SITE IN 1994)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Parameters
Data 8 Statistical Notes:
ut not detected above the reporting limit shown.
ndicates the concentration of analyte was not established, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
herefore only results for dissolved metals are reported on this table.
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only.
Calculated median is based on detected ~ lues only.
Data Source:
(a) Kilbum, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample localrty maps for stream-sediment. heavy-mineml-Wcentate. mill tailing. water. and preciprtate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94.6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
Page 3 of 3
TABLE 7.2.2-1A
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 8 COMPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM SOUTHBANK OF RAILROAD CREEK

TABLE 7.2.2-181
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAJLROAD CREEK MAINSTREAM
SAMPLES FROM WSTREAM OF UPSTREAM REACH COLLECTED 1996 - 1998 (EXCLUDES ALL BANK SWLES)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 1769M05419
Daa Noles:
J - Eshmaled vabc.
U - Pammder was anawed for, rn nd detcc~cd abm me repoci Imt m.
UJ - ParamdUwas Mawed for h4 nd ddeded Ddection bril is an estimslcdvak.
indcales ltut tic4erl vaLu tcm nnpc d rcprcalcd samples were repesenled.
z . . . . . : ~ indcates the ~ correnbation ~ of anwe i war nd ednbShed. ~ Uvrdore ~ m( repmed ~ nor m e d .
(a) Jomm A el ol 1997 E k b dHoMn Mm on Vr W ~Q Sedmnb and Brnmo f ~ a ld Rartoad r (Zcd Rake CheIanJ
Emrr~rmelnlal Imcsl!pshons and Laboratay Smnces Pro- Walcr Bo6y No WA47 1020 Rblcabm No 97.330 (ma mleded m Spring and Fa8 1995)
H.Wddm\Drafl final n rp(\S-Acco raUatdcs\7-2-2-1-bl
7n7m
TABLE 7.22-1Bl
STATISXAL ANALYSIS h COMPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RPaROAD CREEK
(UPSTRW SANPLES COLLECTED FROM 1996-1998)
gallslkd Ndes: (Slatirical CaMations w e petiormed vrw WasMnglon Depa,7rned 01 Ecology's MTCASId ExFclV.5 Mano (Gckgand MocUe 2.1). dmadcd Irofn~ir w b rile.)
Madrwn and rriiimm menbations are based on dcteded vaks ow.
Range ol repaimg hls (RL) are bawd on reas repaled as no( deteded.
DimWon is defamincd based on the MTCA slat progsm by sMlyling Ik &la Vpw#~ lk '@islnMion Decision RobatiBly hl. mere dala is nd lopormsly nor m P y dmcd. me dsbibuion is med as 'Norqenmbic'.
When appofimnle bsfnbtdion is repaled as 'nor~aram+tric'. Un ma- concmbatim is RDOI(ed as me 90m percuiik and p e ~ cin d BOLD fad.
Rr man is an arithnetic meen dala are mm+ dsbiLn&ed or if dslrimion is indcated as 'mparamebic*. Ths repaled mm lo: bplamahl dhbrlcd data is a lo- man.
Statirtical ad@s was mi pulmed on data Kts where MU or greats ol he reds w e repaled as nd dcteded. IW snd ndnimm cmmbatiom are repwed. H apptcabk.
For these dsta sets, a cahtaled medanis based on defected vaMs df.

TABLE 7.2.2-162
STATISnCAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
SAMPLES FROM IlAlNSTREAM OF AWACENT REACH. 1996-1998 (EXCLUDES ALL BANK UYPLES)
HOLDEN WJNE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 1769300M(9
Dala Nmes:
J - Edmalcd nbc.
.u . Parder was ana)yled lor. td nd detected nbwe me rcpodhg Imt stwwn
UJ - Parameter was answed la tM nd detected. Ddedtan Ind IS an estrmaledvalle.
~ndcatn hl vaLe hm mge of replmlcd saws wrc repesded
tnyshdhq ' mjcaler mal the data *SI not awbbte fa 6ls Pammnerer
DaIaSourcs: .
la1 Joinson. A. el al. 1997. Ei?ecrr altiokkn MIX cn Ur Wata, SSedimnU and Bern ImaWraks dRakoad CRek Cake Chelard.
Enwormudal Invertlgallms sFd labor at^^ Services Rogam Waler Body No. WA47-1020. Wcaticn No. 97.324 (data coleded in SDring and Fal 1996).
S1atlMc.l Ndrs: (Slabslical caWbonr m e petiormed vsing Wastin$on Departmud d Ecology's MTCASlal ErcclV.5 Maao (Modle 2.1).
Maamm and mnimm corrmbatims are based an ddcded vah~U ow.
born heir& rite.)
Range d rwmng m s (RL) are bawd an reas rmcd as nd dcteded
LhsVIMon is Wurrined bed on Lhe MTCA slat pogsm by an- Lhe dals Ur@ me 1IY-Tert' a -D'AgO%lhYS I&.
Where data IS na bgmrmahl MI m 4 dslblded, me dslt&m is nded as 'Neithcf.
When appo-e bsmtaon is repmted as '~lhtr'. me- cmmdmtim is repnted as Vle 95% UCL and is peserled in BOLD font.
The man is an antlmebc man d dala are nmMly dsb~tMed a if 6slmlim is indcaled as 'N&erq. The rmed msn la lowmtSq drtritded data is a logrrmral man
Slabrttcal anabs was nol pal& on data sets here MU a greater d me reas m e repaled as not deeded. Or*/ mal$mm sFd nirimm concslba(ions are rewted. if appfcak
Formese data MS. a cawted Man is bared on ddededvaktes W.
TABLE 7.2.2-182
STATISTICAL ANALYSU 6 COWPARISON OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(AWACENT. WPLES COLLECTED FROM 19961998)

U . PersMler was ambfzed fa. W rd deteded above me rep* lmit rtlam.
UJ - Paramacr ras anawed for bu not dcteded Detecbm emit is an esximlcd M*r.
Me? that lighert M*r hm mpe dr&cded sa@es m e rcprc&ed.
!s;$;z~:~g$.
.... . . . . .. . , .
mjmdicales ma1 me data \ns rd avebw for uis parsmtn
pala Sauc8:
(a) mm. A,. el sl 1997. Elmtr olndden Mine M the Wats. Scdimnlr and Benlhic Inwietrels olRarbad && (Lake Chcfarll.
Enuirmenlal hwcstigatronr snd Labornlory Services Progem Waln Body No. WA-47-1020. PtMcaticn No. 97.330 (Ma cdedcd in Spring Md Fal1996).
StIMkal Notu: (Statisticel -Itow were pdormcd using ~a&glon Depmtmmt d EcoWs MTCAStat End V 5 Macro ( Mae 2 1). dumbahd tmm lheir wb utc )
Marmvn and mrmsm concenbstiaa are bawd on &tcaed vaCns W.
Rsnpe of rcpolting #nits (RL) arc based on reads reporled as no( dcleded.
Disb?klion is detcmined bawd on the MTCA slat progarn by w n g the dala thcqh me W-Tee' or 'UAgostino's ler.
Whae data is M( IopmmIy MI rorma)y Umed. me -on is med as 'NM.
When appmdmate drViM~ is rcponed as '"&Id. me maxj"un concnbation is repatcd as me 95% UCL nnd is permled in BOLD fod.
if UCL is repaned in brsckus (UCL mk). Vis indcates lhl the Fahlsled read fmm MTCASat was rcpded to be vaasIy ti*. ,
k man is an anthnmc mean if dala are nmm& dsliihted or if drViMon is indcaled as 'Nnma'. The RpDlted mean for bwamaty dsbibrlcd dala is a lognmnal mem.
Slabsbcal a~lyris was not pdomwd on dala srls whm 50% w prater ol Vn reads m e reporlcd as no( dtleded Orly madmm and Mmm menbatims are reponed, i( apprcabl+
Formcu &la sets. a cahlaled rnedanis based on detencd vebes W.
TABLE 7.2.2-183
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 6 COWIPARlSOI OF
SURFACE WATER DATA FROM RULROAO CREEK
(DOWNSTREAH. W L E S COLLECTED FROM 19S-19981

TABLE 7.2.2-1C
COMPARISON OF TOTAL METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN SEDIMENT COLLECTED FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(BASED ON SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 1991-1997, EXCLUDES USGS SEDIMENT 8 CONCENTRATE DATA AND FLOCCULENT DATA)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17653005419
Parameters
Molybdenum
Data Notes:
J - Estimated'value
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
. : .
.:i:%i'"'"..;; .... ;.; ......, -..... ....... ......,. ~ndicates
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected. Detection limlt is an estimated value
the concentration of analyte was not establ~shed, therefore not reported nor analyzed
Data Source:
(a) Johnson. A.. etal. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water, Sediments and Benthic lnverlebrates of Rarlroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Se~ces Program. Water Body No. WA-47.1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996)
(b) Lambeth. R.H. 1995. Transmittal of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden Mine s~te by the US Bureau of M~nes. (Data collected In 1995).
Page 1 of 4

TABLE 7.2.2-1C
COMPARISON OF SEDIMENTARY TOTAL METAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(BASED ON SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 1991-1997. EXCLUDES USGS SEDIMENT 8 CONCENTRATE DATA AND FLOCCULENT DATA)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17693405-019
Parameters
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was anabed for but not detected Detection ltmit is an estimated value.
.............:.>:.; .......................
;$i:!i.:z.i:::.+$~~j~g,
........ -'..... .'. . . indicates the concentration of anawe was not establtshed, therefore not reported nor analyzed
Data Source:
(a) Johnson. A,. et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mfne on the Water. Sediments andBenthic lnvertebfates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47.1020, Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall
(b) Lambeth. R.H. 1995. Transmittal of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden Mine site by the US Bureau of Mines. (Data collected In 1995)
Page 2 of 4

TABLE 7.2.2-1C =b
COMPARISON OF SEDIMENTARY TOTAL METAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(BASED ON SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 1991-1997, EXCLUDES USGS SEDIMENT 8 CONCENTRATE DATA AND FLOCCULENT DATA)
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
Statistical Notes: {Statlslcal calculat~ons were performed uslng Washington Department of Ecology's MTCAStat Excel V 5 Macro (Module 2 1). downloaded born thelr web slte )
Maxlmum and rnlnmum concentrations are based on detected values only
Range of reporting llm~ts (RL) are based on resufis reported as not detected
Dlstnbutlon a determined based on the MTCA stat program by analyzing the data through the "W-Test' or 'O'Agost~no's test"
Where data IS not lognormally nor normally dlstnbuted, the d~stnbut~on a noted as -Ne~ther"
When approxlrnate dtstrlbutlon IS reported as 'ne~thef, the maxlrnum concentrat~on IS reported as the 95% UCL and IS presented In BOLD font
The mean IS an anthrnet~c mean ~f data are normally dlstr~buted or ~f dlstnbut~on a lndlcated as 'Ne~thef The reported mean for lognormally dlstrlbuted data 1s a lognormal mean
Stat~stical analps was not performed on data sets where 50% or greater of the results were reported as not detected Only rnaxlrnum and mlnlrnurn concenlrat~ons are reported. I appltcable
For these data Sets a calculated rnedlan IS based on detected values only
H.\Holden\Drafl final ri rpl\S_7\eco raUables\7-2-2-1 -c.xls
7/26/99
Page 3 of 4

TABLE 7.2.2-lC
COMPARISON OF SEDIMENTARY TOTAL METAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM RAILROAD CREEK
(BASED ON SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 1991-1997, EXCLUDES USGS SEDIMENT 8 CONCENTRATE DATA AND FLOCCULENT DATA)
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Stabstical Notes: {Stat~slcal calculations were performed uslng Washington Department of Ecology's MTCAStat Excel V 5 Macro (Module 2 I), downloaded from the~r web slte )
Maximum and m!nlmum concentratlons are based on detected values only
Range of reporting llmits (RL) are based on results reported as not detected
Dlstr~but~on IS determined based on the MTCA stat program by anabcng the data through the W Test" or 'D Agostmo's test"
Where data a not lognormally nor normally datnbuted, the dlstnbul~on IS noted as 'Nerlher'
When approximate dlstrlbution n reported as 'netther, the maxlmum concentration IS reported as the 95% UCL and IS presented in BOLD font
The mean IS an arlthmetlc mean if data are normally dlstnbuted or B dtstnbution IS lndlcated as 'Neither The reported mean for lognormally distributed data IS a lognormal mean
Statlstlcal anatysls was not performed on data sets where 50% or greater of the results were reported as not detected Only maxlmum and mlnimum concentrallons are reported, if applicable
For these data sets, a calculated med~an n based on detected values only
H:Wolden\DraR final ri rpt\S_7\eco ra\lables\7-2-2-1 -c.xls
7/26/99
Page 4 of 4

'a TABLE
I
7.2.2-1D
SUMMARY OF RI FERRICRETE. FLOCCULENT. AND PORTAL FILM DATA
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 1L MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed lor but not detected above the reporting l~mlt shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for but not detected Detection I~mit is an estimated value.
tndicates the concentrallon of analyte was not eslabltshed, therefore not reported nor analyzed.
gg$i$&$,.;
H:\Holden\DraR Anal ri rpt\S_7\eco ra\tables\7-2-2-l-d.xk
7/26/99
Page 1 of 1

TABLE 7.2.2-1E
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE SOIL CHEMICAL DATA AT HOLDEN VILLAGE
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES h MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
~ocation HOLMN VILLdGE AREA
Parameters SamplelD HV-1A HV-2A HVjA HV4A HV-SA HVdA HV-7 DMSEI DMSS-2 DMSSJ DMSM DMSS-5 DMSS.6 DMSSdX DMSS-7
Metals Imdkql
Sample Date 611194' 611194 ' 6/lms 611194 611194 611194' 11194' 9120197 9120137 9120137 9/20/47 9120)97 9120/97 9120197 9/20197
Data Notes:
J - Estimated value
U - Parameter was analyzed for but not detecled above the reporting limil shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detecled. Detection limit is an estimated value.
indtcates the concentration of analfle was not established. therefore not reporled nor analyred.
$++$&@i$$E:
. . . . . . Data source:
(a) Lambeth. R.H. 1995. Transmitla1 of laboratory data from samples collected at Holden M~ne slte by the US Bureau of M~nes. (Data collected in 1995).
H:Wolden\Drafl ffnal ri rpnpneco ra\lables\7-2-2-1 .e xls
7128199
Page 1 of 2

TABLE 7.2.2-1E
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE SOIL CHEMICAL DATA AT HOLDEN VILLAGE
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Parameters
Statistical Notes: (Stalisical catculations were performed using Washington Department d Ecologj's MTCASlat Excel V.5 Macro (Module 2.1). downloaded lrom their web site.)
Max~mum and minlmum concentrattons are based on detected values only.
Range of reponing limits (RL) are based on resulh reponed as not detected.
Distribution is determined based on the MTCA slal program by analyzing the data through the 'W-Tesr or 'D'Agostino's tesr. Where data is nd lognormally nor normally dtshlbuted, the distribution is noted as 'Neithef
When approximate dish~bution is reponed as -oelthef. the maximum concenhalion is reported as the 95% UCL and is presented in BOLD lonl.
The mean is an arithmetic mean if data are normally distributed or 11 distribution is indicated as 'Neithef. The reponed mean for lognormally distributed data is a lognormal mean.
Statistical analysis was not performed on data sets where 50% or greater of the results were reported as not detected. Only maximum and minimum concentrations are reported, if applicable.
For these data sets, a calculated median is based on detected values only.
H:WoldenU)rafI final ri rpnS-Aeco ra\tables\7.2-2-1-e.xls
7\26/99
Page 2 of 2

TABLE 7.2.2-1F
STAllSTlCAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE TAIUNGS METALS CONCENTRAllONS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005019
-
Parameten
Aluminum
Arsenrc
Banurn
BmyIBum
Cadmium
Calcium
Chmmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Ntdel
Potassium
Selenium
Sdver
Sodium
Thailium '
Uranium
Zinc
LOSaliOn
Sample ID
Sample Date
lmaN!zw~
J - Estimated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed tor. but not deleded above Re repotiig limt shown
UJ Parameter was analyzed tor but not delecled Delecllon llmn 1s an esbmaled value
.., . - -
f&+ mlkdlng- : ; ' lndtcares Re wncenlrabon of analyte uar no1 estsbl8med tnerelore not remed nor anayzed
(a) Kllburn, el al. 1994. Geochenncal data and sample localzty maps tor sfmams&menf. heavy-mimralcorrentnts. nu0 laibng, water. and preciptale samples c&ned
in and around the HoMen mne. Chela" County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 946WA Papr Version. 946808 Oskelle verslon (Data Cmened in 1994)
(b) Lambem. R.H. 1995. Transmmal of laboratory dala hom rakples wueded at Holden Mine rcte by me US Bureau ol Mines. (Dam mllsded in 1995)
(c) Klburn. J.E 6 S.J. SuUey. 19% Characlerizatmn of acid nim dramage a1 the HoMen m'ne. Chela". WaShing(0n. USGS Opsn Fils Report 96-531. (Data cdleded #n 1995)
H:WoldenVhafl final ri rplS-7bm raUaMes\7-2.2-1-l.ds
7/26/99
HT1-2A
81in4'
5.280
5 5
38 1
0 09
0 95
1.910
19 6U
423
54.500
112
3.170
113
0.35
HT1-20
611rJ4'
5.410
58
450
0 08
1.3
1.940
13.6U
436
59.800
1 10
3.220
117
5031
~ R = S
39.m
3.2
860
1U .
0 14
12.000
13
260
62.000
97
9.800
470
5041
719s '
32.m
6.5
' 790
1 U
0.08U
11.000
10
230
74.000
140
7.100
SURFACE TAILINGS (TP-1)
MSTA
. IRS'
37.m
3.1
780
1 U
0 08U
11.000
12
330
73.m
100
8.400
4€4
SOSTB
7ms '
37.000
2 8
850
1 U
0 08U
11.m
10
240
59.000
100
7.m
DMSS-11
8n0107
8.220
3.3
395
0 2U
0 50
1180
8.0
382
65.100
83
4.910
189
DMSS-12
912~197
8.700
4
394
0.1
0 60
1820
9 5
239
58.500
59
4.910
187
DMSS-13
9120187
7.350
5
375
0 2U
0.4U
1310
8.0
442
63.700
95
3.960
148
25 30 25 27 21.4 26
1.3
2.180
28
1.6
2.360
19.8
2
.;s&&LF;z
2
7.300 8.100
==-=%
3 4 2.8
8.000
2 3
2U
3.280
3.1
4 2U
3000
%&GLm
2.0
3.3
750 11.m 10.m 1l.m 11.~0 790
795
700
IU
2U
I00 U 100 U 100 U 2U
2U
2U
76.1 82 6 260 200 200 220 157
187
124
7-gixe
~-~~~~~ mrEs2 ~ ~ + ~ p ~ ~ g

TABLE 7.2.2-1F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE TAILINGS METALS CONCENTRATIONS
HOWEN MINE RVFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17691005019
Panmeten
uwkwmma
Aluminum
Anenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Caldum
Chmmium
R of Analyses
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
S of Dstsctions
9
9
9
3
.5
9
7
Maximum Cone.
39.000
8.5
660
0.1
1.3
12.W
13
Minimum Cons.
5.280
2.6
361
0.08
0 14
1,180
6
STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS FOR TAILINGS PILE 1 (TP-1)
Ranpe oi RL
x- ..- ? !
Solver 9 9 3.4 2.30 3W
Sodtum 9 9 1lWO
Thall8um 5
Unnnrm
7
Zinc 9 9 260 1706 82.8 187 238.5
SI.Ulbcal (Slauucal calurlattons were padonned uslng Washlnplon Department of Ecology s MTCASlat Excel V 5 Mauo (Module 2 1) downloaded horn lhelr web slie )
Maumum and rnlnlmum concentrattons are based on detected values only
Range of repoltlng ltmtls (RL) are based on resulls repotled as no1 deleded
Oslnbutlon 9s determured based on me MTCA slal poOram by anaiyzmg he data lhrough me W Tesl' or 'D Agostmo s leSr \hmere dala ts no1 lopnmatly nor normaUy d~smbuled me d~stnbullon 0s noted as 'Netlhef
Wen appoxmate dlslnbutron IS reported as 'nellhef lhe maumum mncenlratlon IS reported as the 95% UCL and Is presented m BOLD font
The mean IS an anlhmebc mean 81 dala are normally d~slnbuled or 1 d8rvlbuuon 1.5 tnd~wted as 'Nellhef The reported mean for ba!3normally dtslnbUed data a a (ognonnal mean
Slatlsbwl analysss war not perionned on dam sew Were 50% or greater of lhe results vere repaned as no1 detected Only marmum and m8nmum wncantra(lons are rewed 11 applrcable
FOT mese dam sets a calwlaled medlan s based on detened values only
Page 2 of 7
Appmximate
Disbibvtion
Neilher
Lopoorma1
-----
,
,-,-.!eihr
7
Lognormal
m-qa*.
Neilher
13 619.6 Lognormal
&
a
19.995
4 4
584
0.56
5.907
9.5
Standard DaviaUon
:
15.SE8
1.4
227
0 46
5.085
2.3
Median
8.7W
4
450
0.09
0 20
1.940
9.8
UCL (95%)
39.000
5 5
8M
%&=%=$
4.51
12,000
11 3

TABLE 7.2.2-1F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE TAILINGS METALS CONCENTRATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
-
Locatton
Panmeten SamplelD
Sample Date
Alum~num
Arsenr
Banum
Beryillum
Cadmnnn
Calaum
C h m ~ m
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercuty
Molybdenum
Nlckel
Potass~um
Selemum
Sllver
Sodlum
mallrum
Uranium
Zmc
&
5021
7/95'
HT2 ZA
~1/94'
SURFACE TAILINGS (TP-2)
HT2 28
~1194'
DMSS 14
9/21/97
DMSS 15
9/21/97
DMSS 16
9121197
11 000
2 8
286
0 2
0 4
ZZMU
19 1
161
50800
80
6810
220
.*.7
. 259
38OW 9750 10900 8 450 17 300
15U 05 0 5 I4
1
1200 239 275 339 535
1 U 0 1 0 11 0 2U 0 1U
008U 085 13 0 5 0 3
110~) 1110 1250 1290J 1 9 2 ~
8 23U 107U 8 15 5
250 226 261 199 299
54000 60400 68700 71 100 53400
83 34 1 39 41 51
11000
430
6710
230
7390
257
25
5340 11 700
208 385
-" -*- % .-=. 3- ?.zx.c . -'--+-. - s A
L - .
_-B;y- . -.
2 4
4020
188
2
-. - ? 810 *-. - .
173
3
5
5040 3930 . X*,*.;,T
, , - -0-. .
-
*
12 066U 061U 2 2 2 0 2 5
1 u
--.-*p--s . .
479
.* T* 73.- , -
570
2U
2u
652
1U
2U
551
1 U
3u
270 216 249 198
163 176
DaaMIeL
J - Essmated value
U - Parameter was analyzed fa but not deteded above the reporting hut shorn
W - ParameleI was analyzed for, but not detected Deledton ltmtl IS an eshmaled value
Ti->-- lndlcates lhe wnzxntrabm of analyle war not eslabltahed. lherefore no1 reparled nor anabred
Stahrbsal (Stahrual calculat~ons were pertoned usmg Washsnglon Department of Ewlogy s MTCASlat Excel V 5 Macao (Module 2 1) downloaded from thew web rile )
Maxtmum and m!nunum wncentrahons are based on detected values only
Range of reponmg hmlts (RL) are based on resulls reponed as not deIeded
(hsmbamn 1s determmed based on lhe MTCA stat program by analywg the data through the W Test' a 'D Agosbno s lesr VIlhare data IS not lognormally na normally Lslnbuled the dlslnbubon 0s noted as 'Nelthef
When approxmate da!nbubon a reponed as 'nodher the maumum wcenualmn s repwted as (he 95% UCL and IS presented m BOU) font
The mean IS an anlhmesc mean 11 data are normally dlslnbuled or d d8stnbution 1s lndlcated as 'Neiihef The reported mean for lognormally Lslnbuled data IS a Iqprmal mean
Slahsbwl analysts was no1 perlormed on data *Is where 50% a greater ot me rewlIs %re repwted as not deleded Only mamum and mmum wnumtralmns are reponsd 11 apphcable
For the* data sew a wlculaled med~an IS based on deteded values only
l of
Anal rer
6
6
6
6
8
6
6
6
8
6
6
6
2
4
5
6
2
6
6
5
4
6
lo(
Delaction,
Page 3 01 7
6
5
8
3
5
6
4
Madmum
Cons
38000
2 8
1200
0 2
13
11000
18 1
STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS TAILINGS PILE 2 (TP-2)
Mtrdmum
Cow
8450
0 5
239
0 1
0 3
1110
8
Ranga cd
RL
A p p m i m ~
OhMbvM
6 239 48 6 238 287
6 71100
6 83 55 22 46 83
6 11700
6 430
2 0 25
4 25 9
5 5 12 2 4 4 7
8 8100
2 17 9
4 2 5 12 061-066 Neflhet 14 1 16 2 5
8 1W00
0 74
6 270 Lognormal 213 41 6 207 255
Mean
Nmw 1593l 11249
15 Lognormal 12 0 9
~ ~ ~ ~ $ ~ 368
-El 2 y a l
cCn;p-*.lr-
0 1 1 &&$&..?TT X&:&~>?Z &ey-%&:s
0 0 Logmal 076 045
z?,1=5 Netlher 3128 3880
10 7 23 Lognormel 11 5 5 2
Medlan
10950
09
312
0 11
045
1605
98
7
UCL(95K)
38000
294 _ 1057-
,sF-q+ +%*?
1087
11.1100
1971

TABLE 7.2.2-1F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE TAILINGS METALS CONCENTRATIONS
HOLDEN MINE RWS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
-
Locatton
Parameters Sample I0 360
Sample Oats 7/1/94'
AIunuwm
44000
Arseruc
1U
Barium
172
Berytl~um
1 U
Cadmtum
005U
Caloum
16000
Chmmlum
24
110
47000
75
8800
480
yi;L;L$c-
20
3
7400
Copper
Imn
Lead
Magneslum
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nlckel
Polass~um
Selenium
Sllver
Sod~um
Thalltum
uranium
Zm:
b!LN&%
- -"-
5007
711195'
J - Esmled value
U - Parameter was analyzed lor but not delected above me reportmg bml shown
UJ - Parameter was analyzed la. bui nol deteded Deledlon luntl a an eshmated value
:%-*I%; lndtcales me mncenlral8on of analyie was no1 eslabt~shed. merelore MI reponed nor analyzed
Statirtis.l (Slatlstcal d~ulalmns were performed using Wash~nglon Department of Ewlogy s MTCASlal Excel V 5 Maao (Module 2 1) damfoaaed trwn mew web sde )
Mar~mum and rmnumnn concentraltons are based on detected values only
Range of repomng Itm& (RL) are based on resulls reported as MI deteaed
D~sInbut$m IS detemned based on the MTCA slat propram by analyrtng me data lhmugh me W-Tesl' a V Aposbno s lest- Were dab 1s not lognormally nof nonoany dlstnbuted me dalrbuuon IS noted as 'tleolhe?
Whsn appmxvnate d~stnbutlon s reponed as 'netthe< me mamum wwnlratlon 8s repled as the 95% UCL and Is presented m BOUJ font
The mean a an anVrmet~c mean d data are normally d~stnbuted or d d~slnbutron 1s lndlMed as 'NedheT The repcned mean for lql~rmaUy drslnbuled data IS a bJnOn%d mean
StabsW analysls was not performed on dala sels where MX or greater of me rewlls were rewed as nol deleded Only maxlmum and mmlmum Concenlrallons are repofled 11 applrcable
For mese dala sets a calmlaled mealan 0s bared on detected values only
H.Wolden\Dran final n rplS-7bm raUaMes\7-2-2-1-1.~1~
712W
5011
7/119F
SURFACE TAILINGS (W-3)
HT3-2A
6/1/94'
44000 43000 6210
15U 15U 044
300 680 220
1 U 1U 011
OOBU 008U 1
16000 14000 568
24 19 11 3U
110 86 294
5DOOO 45000 MOM)
76 74 41 8
8300 7700 4040
500 350 166
r7z37w-Z;7= - Xrkr -=- .--* 027
7Ts-.-
23 >, 16
7 L.-r7 c-.,.-.e " . + -
1 ,..t"[g?-, 099
7100 7500 3240
7- - . .
17
>
HT3 20
~1194'
7WO
037
301
01
1
753
504U
355
85300
559
4180
175
025
18
4600
13
DMSS-17
9/21/97
10500
17J
272
02
03
2 100J
182
154
54300
- 77
6480
210
>:r
24 6
5
3 730
m?,:

TABLE 7.2.2-IF
STAnSTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE TAIUNGS METALS CONCENTRAllONS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
-
Location WlND BLOWN TAILINGS
Paramaem Sample ID DMSS-20 DMSS-21 ~ ~ ~ 5 . 2DMSS-23 2
Sample Dale 9/21/97 9/21/97 9121197 9/21/97
DMSS-24
9/21/97
# al
Anal
#of
Detodlonr
STATISTICAL CALCUUTIONS FOR WINDBLOWN TAILINGS
Maximum Minimum
AppmrIm.te Standard
RL
Cons. Corn. Distribution Dav,tion Median UCL(95K)
Aluminum 8.510 9.740 20.700 12.300 8.330 5 5 20700 21924
Arsenic 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.0 3 1 5 5 3 1 0 47 2.2 2.8
Banurn 321 327 79 0 388 380 5 5 388 299 127 327 388
Berylhum 0.2U 0.1U 0 2 0.lU 0.1U 5 1 0 2
Cadmium 0.5 0 5 0 4 0.6 0 5 5 5 08
Calcium 1.190 2.140 5.870 3.880 1.790 5 5 5870 9133
Chromium 10 14.7 29.0 18 2 11.8 5 5 29 30
Copper 107 151 159 332 149 5 5 332 88 151 319
Iron 65.000 63.500 24.100 40.400 66,200 5 5 98314
Lead 49 52 7 62 59 5 5 48 22 52 82
Ma&slm 3.810 5.840 8.070 8.570 4.060 5 5 8570 8968
Manganese
Mercury
280
m e n u m
Nckel
30
3
31.7
8
0 7u
17
10.7
9
29.4
4
5
5
4
5
31.7
I7
10.7
3 .
NeRhsr
Lognormal
20.4
8 I
14.1
5.6
29.4
8
31.7
27.8
Potessium
Selenium
Silver
2.850
~~~-,'~e~;yz~ ,&%
2.8
2.990 SOU 1.340 3.510 5
4
3510 1340 580 Nelther
r< -q.7,;-:.; ?- -+-y :;?',>-'Ty*
:..-c:.,F2
A:=:->-.,
. ?.,&..---, T. :;$;: . :.*L

TABLE 7.2.2-1F
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE TAILINGS METALS CONCENTRATIONS
HOUJEN MINE RllF S
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
-
ample Location Subsurface Samplal from TP-1
Parameten SlationNo. DMWl.2 DMTPl-3A DMTP1.38 DMTP14
SamplingDale 912W7 9125197 912W7 9l2W7
Subsurface Samples Iran TP.2
TP24 DMW2.lA DMTP2.1B -DMTP2-2
y2ma 9129197 9129/97 9R9197
DMTP3-1
9/29/97
DMTP3-2
9mR7
Subsurface Samples lrom W-3
DMTPS3A DMTP3-3B DMTP34A DMTP34AX DMTP34B
9128147 9129197 9130197 91UVO7 9130197
Aluminum
6.530 6.620 19.400 7.570 16000 29.700 11.600 19.600 6.840 14.m 10.7W 17.8W 9.580 10.- 8.660
Arsenic
1.9 3.3 3 3 3 3 0 95 0.6 0.9 1.1 13 0.7 0 3 1.1 1.3 1.4 6 0
Barium
851J 301J 180J 32W 480 401J 494J 101J 494J 365J 3575 99.5J 1.180J 1.57W 137J
Beryll'ivm
02U 0.1U 1.OU 0 2U 0 2 0.lU 0.lU 0 2 0.2U 0.1U 0 2u 0.1 02U. 0.3U 0 2U
Cadmium
0 5 09 21 0.5 16.2 147 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0 SU 0 3 0 5U 0.W 0.5U
Calcium
5.430J 7.850J 7.940J 8.02W 8090 11.1WJ 7.9W 4.11.W 1.1W 5.7WJ ' 6.32W 4.780J 1.5MJ 1.620J 2.490J
Chromium
8 5 1 5 6 11.4U 17 102 499 6 13.7 16 62.0 15 16 10
Copper
525 1.260 12.400 551 774 16.500 160 141 249 244 195 107 159 209 . 98.7
Imn
87.500 49.800 74.700 69.100 61400 45.700 54,100 26.800 61.400 45.100 62.200 29.500 62.900 81.7CO 75.900
Lead
114 93 70 83 88.6 40 37 4 89 29 28 4 141 178 23
Magnesium
3.590 3.330 7.610 3.620 8770 18.100 7.890- 9.450 4.110 6.730 7.270 8.m. 6.950 7.530 5.630
Manganese
Mercury
124 130 29 1 141 320 657 250 350 139
237 245 179 199 18Q
MdyWmum
24 32 5 25 28 6 1.0 24 10.4 10 13 23 21 3
Nickel
Polassium
Selenium
Sdver
2U 2 20 2U
4.200 2.150 2.760 3.020
..-.-: ,..- *w-3: -jT= ----.? .>-.-. > .-- *-
u3 .; :. ,?>! ...g;$ n: ,,,.p?:-
. . :cj:,:?~jT.?
3.3 4.7 6 4 0
8 3
3820
15.4
065U
70 1 36 2
4
6560 5.540 1.680 3.080 5.620
i%s:+:$q~
.-m 3,:- GTzz kTAGg :2x2gz .
6 4.4 0.5 2 8 16
4
6.040
~
1.9
39
1.990
:
0.5
3
4
9
6.280 5.050
pt$Gg us. ~ a*.,& pz%zg
....-bw.-, ~ .eeY2.~ ~
3 2 3 5 1.3
Sodium
Thallrum
Uranium
Ztnc
960
3
2U
216
900
2U
2U
74.5
680
2U
3
2.350
930
2U
2U
461
783
0 89 - .-.. ".- *,rF -
. :
2070
1,050
3U
3U
2.750
1.060
2U
2U
191
619
0.5U
2U
65.0
540
2U
2U
144
694
2U
ZU .
302
1,050
2U
2U
88 2
578
0.5U
2U
78 7
610
3U
3U
123
700
3U
3U
147
650
2U
2U
78 3
J - Esllmated value.
U - Parameter was analyzed lor. bul not delecled above he reporting lirml shown.
UJ - Parameler was analyzed for but not detected. Detedion bmll is an estimated value.
iw- indicates the mcenlralnon of analyle was not established. therefore no1 reponed nor analyzed.
(a) Lambtlh. R H 1995 Transm~ttal of laboratory &la from samples wllected at Holden Mtne ate by me US Bureau of Mines (Dala mnedsd m 1394)
H:Wdden\Dran final ri rplS-7Lzw raUables\7-2-2-1-f.xIs
7RW99
Page 6 of 7
m-zTs::

TABLE 7.2.2-IF
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE TAILINGS METALS CONCENTRATIONS
HOLDEN MtNE RVFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005419
-
Parameteo
Alumfnum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmtum
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercufy
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Wum
Thautum
Uranium
Zlnc
S of Analyses
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
1
14
15
15
1
15
15
15
14
15
w-: (Statisical caladamns were pertormed using WashlngtM OepaNnenl of Ecology's MTCASlal Excel V 5 Max0 (Module 2.1). dormloaded from lheiweb site.)
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only.
Range 01 reporlmg Lmds (RL) are based on results repwted as not deteded.
Dislnbution is determined based on the MTCA stat program by analyzing (he data through lhe W-Test' or 'D'AgosLmo's test*. Where data is nol lognormaUy nor m dly distnbuled. lhe dambution it Mted as 'NellheC.
When approximate disaibubon is reported as .netther. the maximum wncentration is reported as (he 95% UCL and is presented in BOLD font.
The mean ts an arilhmetic mean 11 data are normally dtslnbuted or il d!Ynbulion is indlcaled as 'Nailher. The reported mean fcf logmalty Osmbuted data is a lognormd mean.
StatisUcal analysis was not pedormed on data sets here 50% or greater of lhe result. were re@ed as not delected Only maximum and minimum wncentrauons are repwted. if applnabte
For lhese data sets. a caladated medran 6s based on detected values m y
H~wolden\Dran final ri rpll-7ko raUbles\7-2-2-1-1.~1~
7RW
O of Dstections
15
' 15
15
3
11
15
14
15
15
15
15
15
1
14
13
15
1
14
15
3
1
15
Maximum Conc.
29700
6
1570
0 2
147
11 100
62
16500
87500
178
18100
657
0.13
32.5
70
6560
15 4
6
1060
3
3
2750
STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS FOR SUBSURFACE TAILINGS PILE
Minimum Conc.
$
Range of RL
Page 7 of 7
Standard
Mean
Median UCL (95%)
~ ~ , " DsvlaUon ~ ~ ~ ~
6530
0.3
99,5
0 1
0.3
5
~ 0 -- , rp-. .;q;.+=:-.
: G , , L~""nal
:snnw-.. : ; :v; : : , LOgMrmal
-'w*e..."--,-s
0,1-1 .
0.50.5
Netlher
:q2>v - .---
2 ~ & Nmal ,
11.4 Neither
~ 13048 ~
1.9
504
,-
:
12.6
5475
17.2
~
3
6503 1
1.5
414.3
37.7
2900
16.5
10700
1.3
0.4
55700
13 7
16771
3 08
863.7
147
6793
62
2238
5028
244
16500
59746
17695
61400
7 1292
68
51
70
91
7458
5823
7530
9542
247
134
237
315
1
;&;$;-
17.4
~~~~>j~~

TABLE 7.22-1G
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMCAL DATA FOR STATIONS ALOWG PORTAL DRAINAGE
HOLDEN MINE RYFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005019
pla Not~;
J - Ertlmslcd vabe.
U - Panuneln ves snatyzed lu. bU wl dtledcd above the rtpor(mn4 trri( rhom.
paa Sauce
(a) Wslltrs el al 1992 Holden Mrrr Rukmabon FfDlul Fnral Repon Paofic Ntnihrvesl LsDu8lones Rlctdand WA IDnla cdeded m 1991)
(b] )(lm el al 19?4 Gmhcmr.1 dala and sample local* maps b steamsed,mcnl kavymuaal~cnFatr mO B*np me and pupdate r a ~ cofkchd r
m snd amnd Vlc H e n muh Cklen County Weshwim USGS Opm Fllc Rcpm 9C680A Paper Vernon 94-6808 Chskelc verum (Dab Cdected m 19941
(c) -a K& A (USFS Chdan Ranpn Drmd) Conp$tlon of Dala for Prehnary Arscrvnen( d the Holdcn Mme yle
(d) )(lm J E A S J Wky 1996 ChareElarzam olacd mmn &amage a1 UT H&n m. Cklsn Warh,nglw USGS Opm Ftlc Repcm-7 %531 (Data cokded m 1995)
(el l O h J E 6 S J %Uky 1997 AnalyPc8lre&s mndc~n~rak ~ ~ ~ ~ h ~ d SMes ~ h mndy~lcd ~ m a1 z UT s HOtdcnMJm l rpnw 1996
USGS Opm Rk Repm 97 128 (Dsla sokcled m Spnng 1996)
(1) KIbm J E 6 S J %ley 1997 Pretmnary data (M repon anached dala colcded m Fa1 19961
(9) JchDon A d al 1997 Ekl. olHOtdcn MJm on the Wakf Sed~meds .nd BM~~K lnrshbaler olRa!kwd Cfuk Rake Chela@
Enwonnalal Invcsf~patlons and LaborataQ Senncer Propam Walcr Body No WP47 1020 Mcabon No 37 3% (data cokdcd m Spnnp and Fa1 1996)
H WoMm\aan Id n rp(LS-mco reYablcsV-2-2 10 fk
7R5/99
Paw 1 01 3

TABLE 7.22-lG
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMCAL DATA FOR STATIONS ALONG PORTAL DRPJNAGE
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 6 MOORE JOE NO. 17693405419
paa Nates:
J - Eslimated value.
U - Paramelu was analyzed lor. brl no1 deteded above the repoNnp bmt Sh?m
UJ - Parameter ws ana)yled tor. bU n d ddecied Ddedion biril is an eNmaled value.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
z;iE+.m2$ lndcsles mat the dala vas nd avadable 1~ Vis parameter
.-, - - -
(bl IQbm et al 1994 Geochcmral dala and samph kcally maw Ib sUeamsedmnl hcary-mmsalconcmbale mtll larbtq wale! andpecmdate samples cdeckd
nand smrnd Vlt Holdcn nnne Cmn C-hr WashrratM USGS Opm Fllc ReDort IU-E8DA Paper Verom 946M1B Dskatc vavm (Oats Ca)tded m 1594)
(cl Anderson Kcllh A (USFS Olt(sn Ranger Dslnd) CcaWbh~ ol Data In Rcbmnary A5rerunol ol VK HDldcn M~ne Snc
(dl lObM J E 6 S J Wcy 19% Chgaclaoalw olacd mure &amage al Lhe H&n mtm. Chelan W a r m USGS Open hk Rcpd 96531 (Dala cabded In 1995)
(el K I J E ~ 6 S J Sulky 1997 Inafyl~alreruRr am mmpsralm ova~m otpeachunrcal studies c h h d at Vlt Hdden Mul. lpnng 1996
USGS Opm Flk R W 97 128 (Data coladed m S- 1956)
(f) )Om J E 6 S J Wky 1997 hebmnary &.la (no rep& aUa&d data coledcd n Fa1 1996)
(gl Johmm A el a1 1997 Emcu dHoMm M,ne M Lhe Wata. Sedunmts and 8enVlr lnrab&afes otRabwd Urrk (Lake Chclartl
Enwomnerdd Invesiigabmr and Lsborslory Smcer RoQarn Wala B q No WA-47-IOM Wcabm No 97-330 (dala &ded m S$mi!4 and Fal 1996)

TABLE 7.22-10
STAT~SMAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHE~KAL DATA FOR STAnons ALONG PORTAL DRAINAGE
HOLDEN MNE RMS
DAMES 6 -RE JOB NO. 1769MOM19
pala Nd*%
J - Ertimaled vahr.
U . Paramderws -Wed Ici, bl( nd detected abwe the repmglrnt shown
UJ - Panmela wr ~a)yled IN. h4 nd dtleded Menion Lrrit is en edimalcd MLle.
.,... . . .
hjcales lhal me &In was nd am~hbk lor Ws p m c r
~~~~~~
statklkal No(. (Slstlrtical cak&lions were perl-d vvnp Wartlnpton DepsRmeN of Eco(an I MTCASlst Gcd V 5 Macro (Moddc 2 11 domioaded Iran lhnr & ule )
Maumm andmnmm concmbaUons are based on Mcded MLm W
Rang+ of rcpolttnp W s (RL) are based on rertdr rqmIed as nd dtledcd
hstnbu~on s dtlemrned bascd on the MTCA slat progam by anah/zlng Vu &la Urourfl the W Tcsl or 'D Aposllno s leg mere ma IS nol bpwnnaly nor namaly dslnbled me drtnblllon n ndcd as Nerlhn
Whm apponmale a m o n tr reported as 'nalher' the man- cmcmbaben IS reponed as the 95% UCL and s (rcrcrded m BOLD lal
n UCL IS reported m brsdrds (UCL value) tlus mbcaes U!al me cWed resa from MTCASat was repmed to be UUIUOW h#~
The mean 15 an MUmdlc mean fl data are m l y dslnh#cd or 41 dstnbllon as mdcstcd as 'New The repcded mean lor bprormoly 6rmbled data Is a b9x.mz.l mean
Slaf~acal aMlyws war nd paformed on &la sds where 50% ca pedo of Vu re-s w e repmcd as rml rnectcd W j md~un Md mmnm ccmabatmr arc repMed 11 appTcaKe
For Vrre dats sds, a cahJslcd mdan IS based on deteded vahrs W.
' Valns wnh'geatn Ihad sipr m e rcpcrted as shown m Ur apprcMe reDort(s) rdnared The sdm vsLe was used as an ertvnate of lhe bawd ccmcertratim in me -mok
Page 3 013

TABLE 7.2.2-1 H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RIIFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected abwe the reporting limn shown
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit isan estimated value
,: .........., >:.:.:. i' . .?., .
.:m;.sN:ms Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locality maps for stream-sediment, heavy-mineralconcentrate. mill tailing, water. andpreciprtate samples collected
in and around the Holden m~ne. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6800 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) K~lbum. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Charactenzatron of acid mine drainage at the Holden mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kilburn, J.E. & S J Sutley 1997 Analytical results and comparative overview of gwchemrcal studies conducted at the Holden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open F~le Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spnng 1996).
(d) Kilburn, J.E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A,. et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Rarlroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 1 of8
TABLE 7.2.2-tH
STATlSTlCU ANALYSIS 6 COMPARISON OF CHEVPCAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE

- - -.
TABLE 7.2.2-1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005919
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for. but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value
. .:. .
?33i*@M'Si':@E
. . Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn. et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample localrty maps for streamsediment, heavy-minerakoncentate. mill tailing, water, and precipitate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chehn County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94.6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilburn. J.E 8 S J. Sutley. 1996 Characterizatfon of acid mine drainage at the Holden mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S. J. Sutley. 1997. Analytical results and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J Sutley. 1997. preliminary data (no report attached. data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A,. et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chehn).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 2 of 8
TABLE 7.22-1H
STATlSnCAL ANALYSIS 6 COYPARISON OF CHEWCAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
Statistical Notes:
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected
values onb.

TABLE 7.2.2-1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
Dab Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting Itmit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected Detection limit is an estimated value.
.
Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter.
mgstia:#E&
Data Source:
(a) K~lbum, et at. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locality maps for stream-sediment. heavy-mineral-concentnte. mill tailing, water, and precipitate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County, Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mrne drainage at the Holden mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley 1997 Analytical results and comparative ove~iew of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mne, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996)
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A., et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates olRailmad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Sefwces Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020 Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
I
TABLE 7.2.2-1H
STATlSnCAL ANALYSIS h COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
StatlMcal Notes:
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values onty.

TABLE 7.2.2-1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RlffS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17693905-019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
.: ..". . . . . -...
:$'3&~;sj3m$ Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilbum, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample local~ty maps for stream-sediment. heavy-mineral-concentrate, mill tailing, water, and precipitate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-68OA Paper Version, 94-6800 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilbum. J E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the Holden mine, Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Analyfical results and comparative overview of geochemical studm conducted at the Hofden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) K~lbum. J.E. 8 S J. Sutley 1997 Preliminary data (no report altached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A.. et al. 1997. Effects of Holden M~ne on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
TABLE 7.22-1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 6 COMPARISON OF CHEUICAL DATA FROM GROUNLWATER SEEPAGE
--
Statistical Notes:
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values only.

TABLE 7.2.2-1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS A ~ COMPARISON D
OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE ~lff s
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405-019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit IS an estimated mlue.
"........ " . y., . .
;=!Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn, et al. 1994. Geachemical data and sample kality maps for stream-sediment, heavy-mineralconcentrate, mrll tailing. water, and precipitate samples collected
in and around the Hdden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94-6800 DsFette version (Data Collected In 1994).
(b) Kilbum, J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mrne drainage at the Holden mine. Chelan, Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995).
(c) K~lburn. J.E. 8 S. J. Sutley. 1997. Analflical results and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at the Hdden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilbum. J.E. 8 S.J Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report anached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson, A,, et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water, Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lak3 Chelan).
Environmental lnvestigat~ons and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Statistical Notes:
Maximum and minimum concentntions are based on detected values only.
TABLE 7.22-1H
STANTICAL ANALYSIS L COMPARISON OF CHWCAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE

TABLE 7.2.2-1 H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLOEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was anawed for, but not detected above the reporting limlt shown.
UJ - Parameter was anaiyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an esbmated value
i'~%&@a@
. . . . Indicates that the data was not available for this parameter
Data Source:
(a) Kilbum, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locality maps for stream-sediment. heavy-mineral-concentrate. mill tarling, water. and preciprtate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version, 94-6808 Disketteversion (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilburn. J E. 8 S J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the Holden mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531. (Data collected in 1995).
(c) Kilbum, J E. 8 S.J. Suiley. 1997. Analytical results and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at the Holder! Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilburn. J E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A.. et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mme on the Water. Sediments and Benthfc Invertebrates of Railraad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
TABLE 7.2.2.1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS L COMPARISON OF CH-L OATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE

TABLE 7.2.2-1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOLDEN MINE RlES
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005419
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected above the reporting limit shown.
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value.
.: g@wsG:;
. . . . . . , . . . . . . ndicates that the data was not available for this parameter.
Data Source:
(a) Kilburn. el al. 1994. Geochemical data and sampk localrty maps for stream-sediment, heavy-mineralconcentrate. mill tailing. water, and preciprtate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine, Chelan County. Washington USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version. 94.6808 D~skelte version (Data Collected in 1994)
(b) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S J Sutley. 1996. Charactenzatbn of acid mine drainage at the Hdden mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531 (Data collected in 1995).
(c) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S. J. Sutley. 1997. Analyfical results and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mine, spring 1996
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson, A.. et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 97-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
H.Woklm\han final ri rpN_&co raVeblerV-2-2-lh
7RiB9
TABLE 7.2.2-1H
STAnmCAL ANALYSS h COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
Statistical Notes:
Maximum and rninlmum concentrations are based on detected values only

TABLE 7.2.2-1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF CHEMICAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE
HOU>EN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405019
Data Notes:
J - Estimated Value.
U - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected abwe the reporting limit shown
UJ - Parameter was analyzed for, but not detected. Detection limit is an estimated value
. . .
...... Indicates that the data was not a~ilable for this parameter.
E:iwa
Data Source:
(a) Kilbum, et al. 1994. Geochemical data and sample locabty maps for stream-sediment, heavy-mineral-concentrate. mrll tailing, water. and precipitate samples collected
in and around the Holden mine. Chelan County. Washington. USGS Open File Report 94-680A Paper Version, '94-6808 Diskette version (Data Collected in 1994).
(b) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1996. Characterization of acid mine drainage at the HoMen mine. Chelan. Washington. USGS Open File Report 96-531 (Data collected in 1995)
(c) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S. J. Sutley. 1997. Analytical results and comparative overview of geochemical studies conducted at the Holden Mine, spring 1996.
USGS Open File Report 97-128 (Data collected in Spring 1996).
(d) Kilburn. J.E. 8 S.J. Sutley. 1997. Preliminary data (no report attached, data collected in Fall 1996).
(e) Johnson. A.. et al. 1997. Effects of Holden Mme on the Water. Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Railroad Creek (Lake Chelan).
Environmental Investigations and Laboratory Services Program. Water Body No. WA-47-1020. Publication No. 9:-330 (data collected in Spring and Fall 1996).
Page 8 of 8
Statistical Notes:
Maximum and minimum concentrations are based on detected values onk.
TABLE 7.22-1H
STATISTICAL ANALYSU 6 COMPARISON OF CHEbKAL DATA FROM GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE

Cascades frog
Ram cascadoe
TABLE 7.2.2-2
SPECIES OF FEDERAL CONCERN WHICH MAY OCCUR IN THE VICINITY
OF HOLDEN MINE, AS INDICATED BY THE U.S. FOREST SERVICE
AUGUST 13,1997
Common Name
Columbia sponed Frog
Rana luteiventris
Tailed frog
Ascaphus truei
Black tern
Ascaphus rruei
Columbian sharp-tailed grouse
Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus
Femginous hawk
Buteo regalis
Harlequin duck .
Histrionicus histrionicus
G:\wpdara\OOS\rcponsUloldcn-2\ri\7-O.doc
17693-005-019Vuly 27. 1999;5:16 PM: DMFl' FINAL RI REPORT
Habitat requirements
Small pools and marshy areas adjacent
to ~treams
Marshy edges of lakes, springs, ponds,
or streams
Cold, rocky mountain streams
Fresh water marshes and lakes
Prairie, thickets, forest edges and
openings
Plains, prairies
Mountain streams in summer, rocky
coastal waters in winter
Potential to Occur in Project Area
Possible. Suitable habitat for this species exists in the
project area
Possible. Suitable habitat exists for this species in the
project area
Possible. Suitable habitat exists for this species in the
project area
No. There is no suitable habitat for this species in the
project area
No. There is no suitable habitat for this species in the
project area
No. There is no suitable habitat for this specie sin the
project area.
Possible. Suitable habitat e:iists for this species in the
project area
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.2.2-2 (CONTINUED)
SPECIES OF FEDERAL CONCERN WHICH MAY OCCUR IN THE VICINITY
OF HOLDEN MINE, AS INDICATED BY THE U.S. FOREST SERVICE
Common Name
White milk-vetch
Astragalus sinuatus
Grape-fern
Botrychium paradaxum
Clustered lady's slipper
Cypripedium farciculatum
Wenatchee larkspur
Delphinium viridescens
Sho stickseed
fiaxlia venusta
Chelan rockmat
Petrophylon cineraseens
Seely's silene
Silene seelyi
Thompson's clover
Trifolium rhompsonii
G:\wpdata\OO5bcporU\holdcn-2li\74.doc
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999:5:16 PM: DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Habitat requirements
Rocky hillsides, associated with big
sagebrush
Old, disturbed, gravelly areas. often
associated with spruce seedlings.
Moist to dry and rocky open
coniferous forest (Douglas fir and
ponderosa pine
Moist meadows from 2500-5000'
Rocky slopes with ponderosa pine
Basalt cliffs and bluffs
Steep talus slopes and rock crevices
Open areas on sandy loam and
gravelly soils with sagebrush
Potential to Occur in Project Area
No. There is no suitable habitat for this species in the
project area
Possible. Suitable habitat exists.
Possible. Suitable habitat exists.
Possible. Suitable habitat exists.
Possible. Suitable habitat exists.
Possible. Suitable habitat exists.
Possible. Suitable habitat exists.
No. There is no suitable habitat for this species in the
project area

TABLE 7.2.2-3
TOXICITY BENCHMARKS FOR AMPHIBIANS EXPOSED TO CADMIUM, COPPER, LEAD,
ZINC, AND MERCURY
G:\wpdata\OO5\rcporn\holdcn-2\ri\7-0.d~
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999;5:16 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.2.2-4
SUMMARY OF REPRESENTATIVE ROCS
Trophic Level Aquatic Terrestrial
Tertiary Consumer Mink [C]; Osprey PI; Mink [C]: Red-tailed Hawk LC]
Secondary Consumer
Trout Dl; Dipper a]
Bat PI; Shrew [I]
Deer Mouse [0]: American Robin
Primary Consumer
Caddisfly [Dl
Earthworm @I]; Mule Deer [HI
Primary Producer
N = Herbivore; [C] =Carnivore; /F] = Piscivore; 01 = Insectivore:
M = Vermivore; p ] = Demtovore; [0] = Omnivore
G:\wpdata\OO5\rcporuUlolden-Z\ri\7-O.doc
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999,5:16 PM, DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Periphyton
Grasses/Forbs
1

italics - highest value
1 - adjusted to 14.5 mgL hardness
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999;5:59 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE 7.2.3-1A
SCREENING OF COCS FOR SURFACE WATER

TABLE 7.2.3-1B
RESULTS OF PEER-REVIEWED BIOASSAYS WITH SALMONID FISHES
* The chronic value for copper is apparently higher than the acute value because toxicity is complete within 96 hours for this metal and because
the chronic bioassays were run at slightly higher water hardnesses. While the available data for ILLS are of good quality, an alternative
approach was used to estimate the chronic NOEC for copper. McKim et al. (1971) showed that the MATC for brook trout exposed to
copper for 22 months ranged between 0.1 and 0.17 of the 96 h LC50. If the lower of these two factors is applied to the geometric mean
LC50 calculated above, the chronic NOEC is 2.3 ug copper&. This agrees well with the hardness corrected chronic value in Table 3-1.
\DM-SEA I\VOL I\COMMON1WP\wpdata\M)II\rcponrV,oldcn-2\
17693-005-019Uuly 27, 1999:5:59 PM; D m FMAL RI REWRT

TABLE 7.2.3-2A
SCREENING OF COCS FOR SEDIMENTS AND FLOCCULENT
A1
As
Cd
Cu
Fe
Pb
Mn
Hg
Ni
Ag
Zn
ER- W
LEL
wNz
NA
8.2
1.2
34
20000
46.7
460
0.15
20.9
1
150
G:\wpda~\OOJ\rcponr\h0lden-2\ri\7-0~d0~
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999;5:16 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
UCL
Adjacent
mg/kg
11717
11.6
4.4 1
184
38429
6.68
308
0.02
23.91
5.6
136.76
UCL
Downstream
mgncg
13300
NA
0.9
147
26300
11
1200
NA
NA
NA
216
Max (RC-9)
Flocculent
m%kg
16600
126
5
982
434000
40U
33 1
NA
20U
11
48 1
Eliminated
X
X
X

TABLE 7.2.3-2B
RESULTS OF PEER-REVIEWED BIOASSAYS WITH BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES
G:\wpdm\OOfieponsvlolden-2\ri\7-0.do
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999;5:16 PM: DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
DAMES & MOORE

italics- highes~ value
TABLE 7.2.3-3A
ELIMINATION OF COCS FOR SOILS, TAILINGS, AND DUST
1) NAWQC (USEPA 1996). Calculated using mean hardness in Spring and Fall 1997 at site sampling locations (14.65 mg CaCo,/L)
2) Long et al. (1995) with the exceptions of iron and manganese which are from Persaud et al. (1993).
90" percentile from Yakima Basin soils (WSDOE 1994).
90" percentile from Dames & Moore (1998)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1997) plant toxicity benchmarks.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1997) earthworm toxicity benchmarks.
5) Target Values from the Dutch Department of Soil Protection (1996).
6) Tier I1 value for the Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative (1995).
7) WDOE. 1997. Creation and analysis of freshwater sediment quality values in Washington State, Olympia, WA.
G:\wpda1a\005~UIolden-Z\ri\7-O.doe
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999516 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

TABLE 7.2.3-3B
SOIL CONCENTRATIONS OF METALS WHICH ALLOW PLANT GERMINATION AND
GROWTH IN THE WILD
hletal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
C:\wpdats\OOJ\reporUVloldcn-t\ri\7-O.doe
17693-005-019Uuly 27, 19993: 16 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
Soil Concentration'(mg/kg)
710
430
2700
24000

I TABLE 7.23-4A
TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES (TRVS) AND SAFE FOOD AND WATER
CONCENTRATIONS FOR REPRESENTATIVE AVIAN ROCS
.* Estimated from LOAEL by dividing by 5 (Lewis et al. 1990)
G:\wpdata\OO5\rcporUUIoldcn-2~\7-O.doc
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999;s: 16 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
DAMES & MOORE

,
TABLE 7.2.3-4B
TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES (TRVS) FOR MAMMALS
* estimated from LOAEL by dividing by 5 (Lewis et al. 1990) and then scaling to body weight.
G:\wpda1a\005LeponrUlolden-2\ri\7-O.doc
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999;5:16 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
TABLE 7.2.3-5
EXAMPLE PREDICTION OF BODY BURDENS OF METALS IN BENTHIC
INVERTEBRATES IN RAILROAD CREEK
CFR Body Burden
(mglkg)
8.38
1.2
1.43
2.2
1.76
0.13 (reference)
1382
122
181
266
48
26
67.1
10.7
9.93
32.2
3.83
0.54
1665
304
293
453
359
212
* Assumed to be equal to the measured Clark Fork body burden.
G:\wpdntn\OOS\leponrUlolden-Z\ri\7-O-Od~
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999:5:16 PM; DRAFTFINAL RI REPORT
CFR Pore Water (ug/L)
23.2
5.98
1.36
1.49

" Metal
C
Atscnic
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
TABLE 7.2.3-6
TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES (TRVS) FOR LITTLE BROWN BAT
Surrogate
Species
mouse
rn
mink
rat
riu
Body Weight
(kg)
0.03
0.303
I .O
0.35
0.35
Endpoint
(mglkg diet)
1.26 (LOAEL)
10 (LOAEL)
I 1.71 (NOAEL)
80 (LOAEL)
320 (LOAEL)
* estimated frorn LOAEL by dividing by 5 (Lewis cl al. 1990) and then scaling 10 body weight.
TRV (wfWd)
0.22.
3.06.
24.18
25.4 I '
101.65'
Reference
Schroeder and Mitchncr 1971 '
Sutou ct al. 1980
Aulcrich et al. 1982
.4zar el 81. 1973
Schlicker and Cox 1968

TABLE 7.2.3-7
DOSES TO AMERICAN DIPPER
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Upstream
0.03
0.13
0.01
1.70
UCL-Insects (mglkglday)
Adjacent to Site
0.21
2.43
. 0.0002
8.10
Downstream
0.26
2.75
0.0002
7.49
H:\Holden\Draft final ri rpt\S_7\eco ra\tables\DosesQQ (Dipper)
7/28/99
Max-Water
(mglkglday)
0.0001
0.0003
0.0001
0.0110
Upstream
0.03
0.13
0.01
1.71
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday)
Adjacent to Site
0.21
2.43
0.0003
8.1 1
Downstream
0.26
2.75
. 0.0003
7.50
DAMES R: MOOKI:

TABLE 7.2.3-8
DOSES TO OSPREY CONSUMING TROUT
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Zinc
Upstream
0.29
NA
0.0097
0.24
2.5
UCL-Trout (mglkglday)
Adjacent to Site
1.1 '
N A
0.0047
0.02
2.1
Lucerne
0.40
N A
0.0040
0.01 5
2.8
H:\Holden\Draft final ri rpt\S_7\eco ra\tables\Doses99 (Osprey)
7/28/99
25-Mile Creek
0.29
N A
0.0097
0.24
2.5
UCL-Water
(mglkglday)
1.1
N A
0.0047
0.02
2.1
Upstream
0.40
N A
0.0040
0.01 5
2.8
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday)
Adjacent to Site
0.25
N A
0.0039
0.1 7
1.98
Lucerne
47
3.9
0.45
0.5
26.2
25-Mile Creek
0.0062
N A
0.022
0.47
- 0.094
DAMES Xr MOORE

TABLE 7.2.3-9
DOSES TO MINK CONSUMING TROUT
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Copper
Mercury
Selenium
Zinc
Upstream
0.0800
0.00270
0.0650
0.670
UCL-Trout (mglkglday) Max-Water
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday)
Adjacent to Sight Lucerne 25-Mile Creek (mglkglday) Upstream Adjacent to Sight Lucerne
0.310 0.110 0.0680
0.000250 0.0800 0.310 0.110
0.00130 0.001 10 0.001 1
6.34E-08 0.0027 0.00130 0.00110
0.0550 0.0420 0.0460
ND
0.065 0.0550 0.0420
0.570 0.770 0.550
0.00850 0.680 0.570 0.780
H:\Holden\Drafl final ri rpt\S-7\eco ra\tables\Doses99 (Mink (2))
7/28/99
25-Mile Creek
0.068
0.001 10
0.0460
0.550

Biota
Plants
Cd
Cu
Pb
Zn
Earthworms
Cd
Cu
Pb
Zn
Insectivores
Cd
Pb
Zn
,
G:\wp&ts\005\rcpoffl\h0ldm-2\n174~d~~
17693-005-019Uuly 27,1999;5:16 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE 7.2.3-10
SOIL : BIOTA UPTAKE ALGORITHMS
Algorithm
-0.476 + 0.546 x ln[soil]
0.699 + 0.394 x In[soil]
-1.328 + 0.561 x In[soil]
1.575 + 0.555 x ln[soil]
2.114 + 0.795 x In[soil]
1.675 + 0.264 x In[soil]
-0.2 18 + 0.807 x In[soil]
4.449 + 0.328 x In[soil]
0.815 + 0.9638 x ln[soil]
2.1042 + 0.1783 x In[soil]
0.4819 + 0.4869 x In[soil]
4.2479 + 0.1324 x In[soil]
-1.5383 + 0.566 x In[soil]
1.4592 + 0.2681 x In[soil]
0.5669 + 0.21 94 x In[soil]
4.4987 + 0.0745 x In[soil]
-1.2571 + 0.4723 x In[soil]
2.0423 + 0.06765 x In[soil]
-0.61 14 + 0.5181 x In[soil]
4.3632 + 0.0706 x In[soil]
Reference
Efroymson et al. 1997
Sample et al. 1998
Sample et al. 1998
Sample et al. 1998
Sample et al. 1998

Flesh
Soil
Plants
G:\wpdata\M)S\reponrUl0ldm-2~\74~doc
17693-005-019Uuly 27, 1999;5:16 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
TABLE 7.2.3-1 1
BIOAVAILABILITY OF METALS
Media Bioavailability( percent)
Cd
Cu
Pb
Zn
Cd
Cu
Pb
Zn
Cd
Cu
Pb
Zn
100
100
10
20
50.6
7.5
. 6
100
100
100
100
100
Reference
Default
Default
Custer et al. 1983
NAS 1989
Hamel et al. 1998
Owen 1964
Davis et al. 1992
Default
Default
Default
Default
Default
-

TABLE 7.2.3-12
DOSES TO MULE DEER
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-01 9
- --
1 1
Metal Surface I
1
Subsurface 1 TP-I
Cadmium 0.0139 1 0.0128 10.0123
;
Copper 0.536 2.563 0.616
Lead 0.l9; 13':
Mercury
Zinc
0.00777 0.00824 0.00930
' = Maximum Dose
, . . .=. . =. - - , TP-2 I TP-3 ( Dust 1 ~agoon'l M Yard*
0.0121 1 0.0120 10.01201 0.192 1 0.0722
UCL-Soil (mglkg)
Surface Subsurface TP-1 TP-2 TP-3 Dust Lagoon' M Yard'
0.000446 0.0426 0.00131 0.00315 0.000290 0.000168 0.0533 0.00625
0.0134 0.708 0.0190 0.0123 0.0118 0.0137 1.03 0.136
0.0021 1 0.00312 0.00405 0.00285 .0.00264 0.0021 3 0.0213 0.0367
0.0310
0.346
0.0300
0.0321
0.0937
UCL-Water
(mgkglday)
0.0000473
0.000166
0.0000592
0.000000042 1
0.00565
- -
1
UCL-Total Dose (mgkglday)
Surface Subsurface TP-1 TP-2 TP-3 Dust Lagoon' M Yard'
0.0144 1 0.0554 1 0.0137 1 0.0153 1 0.0123 1 0.0122 1 0.245 1 0.0785
H:Wolden\Draft final ri rpt\S_7\eco ra\tablesU)oses99 (Deer)
7/28/99 5 of 10 DAMES & MOORE I
0.0641
2.98
0.408

TABLE 7.2.3-13
DOSES TO DEER MICE
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-01 9
Metal Surface
Cadmium 0.080
copper 3.09
Lead 1.14
Mercury 0.045
Zinc 25.3
- = .. . - -- Maximum uose
Subsurface
0.074
14.8
1.60
0.047
13.0
TP-1
0.071
3.55
2.00
0.054
9.00
H:Wolden\Drafl final ri rptS-7kco raUablesU)oses99 (Mouse)
7/28/99
UCL-Plants (rnglkglday)
TP-2
0.070
2.99
- 1.48
0.051
7.33
TP-3
0.069
2.94
1.38
0.052
6.55
Dust
0.069
3.12
1.15
N A
6.15
Lagoon'
1.083
16.8
8.23
N A
209
UCL-Soil (rnglkglday) UCL-Water
M Yard' Surface Subsurface TP-1 TP-2 TP-3 Dust Lagoon' M Yard' (mglkglday) Surface
0.408 0.00256 0.245 0.00751 0.0181 0.00167 0.000966 0.300 0.0353 0.000105 0.0826
7.55 0.0770 4.08 0.109 0.071 0.068 0.079 5.84 0.766 0.000367 3.17
13.2 0.0122 0.018 0.023 0.016 0.015 0.012 0.120 0.207 0.000131 1.15
NA 0.000264 0.000429 0.001 15 0.000825 0.000890 NA N A NA 0.0000000932 0.0450
69.3 0.811 9.07 0.787 0.841 z.46 1.68 76.6 10.5 0.0125 26.1
sub surf^^
0.319:
18.9 ,
1.62
0.048
22.1
UCL-Total Dose (mgtkglday)
TP-1 TP-2 TP-3 Dust
0.0785 0.0879 0.0710 0.0700
3.66 3.065 3.01 3.20
2.03 1.49 1.40 1.16
0.0547 0.0523 0.0528 NA
9.80 8.19 9.01 7.84
Lagoon' M Yard' -
1.38 0.443
22.6 8.31
8.35 13.4
NA NA
286 79.8
DAMES & MC)ORl

TABLE 7.2.3-14
DOSES TO MINK CONSUMING SMALL MAMMALS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Surface
0.240
0.160
0.830
2.10
Surface
0.019
1.38
0.030
1.86
Surface
0.0240
0.780
0.0315
1.59
Cadmium
' = Maximum Dose
Subsurface
19.0
0.320
1 .OO
2.80
Subsurface
0.249
3.99
0.033
2.23
Subsurface
0.206
1.02
0.0386
1.89
TP-1
0.660
0.170
1.10
2.00
TP-1
0.0346
1.51
0.0345
1.86
TP-1
-0.0398
0.799
0.0441
1.59
Median Insectivores (mgkglday)
H:Vlolden\Drafl final ri rpt\S_7\eco ra\tables\Doses99 (Mink)
7/28/99
UCL-lnsedvores (mglkglday)
TP-2
1.55
0.155
0.956
2.07
UCL-Omnivores (mglkglday)
TP-2
0.0569
1.35
0.0319
1.87
UCL-Herbivores (mgkglday)
TP-2
0.0603
0.776
0.0368
1.60
Food I Soil I Water (Total Dose
0.0330 1 0.000140 1 7.13E-05 1 0.0330
TP-3
0.155
0.153
0.922
2.38
TP-3
0.0148
1.33
0.0314
2.02
TP-3
0.0195
0.774
0.0354
1.72
Dust
0.092
0.157
0.830
2.26
Dust
0.0108
1.39
0.0300
1.97
Dust
0.0151
0.781
0.0316
1.67
Lagoon'
23.6
3.40
0.255
3.76
Lagoon'
0.2823
4.42
0.0496
2.59
Lagoon'
0.229
1.05
0.104
2.20
M Yard'
3.00
2.37
0.332
2.89
M Yard'
0.0840
2.56
0.0560
2.23
M Yard'
0.0834
0.912
0.138
1.91
Surface
0.00107
0.0321
0.00506
0.338
Surface
0.00107
0.0321
0.00506
0.338
Surface
0.00107
0.0321
0.00506
0.338
Subsurface
0.1022
1.70
0.00750
3.78
Subsurface
0.102
1.70
0.00750
3.779
Subsurface
0.1022
1.70
0.00750
3.78
TP-1
0.0031
0.0455
0.00973
0.328
TP-1
0.00314
0.0455
0.00973
0.328
TP-1
0.00314
0.0455
0.00973
0.328
UCL-Soil (mglkglday)
TP-2
0.0076
0.0296
0.00684
0.350
TP-3
0.0007
0.0282
0.00635
1.02
UCL-Soil (mgkglday)
TP-2
0.00756
0.0296
0.00684
0.350
TP-3
0.000695
0.0282 '
'0.00635
1.02
UCL-Soil (mglkglday)
TP-2
0.00756
0.02cJ6
0.00684
0.39
TP-3
0.000695
0.0282
0.00635
1.02
Dust
0.0004
0.0329
0.0051 1
0.699
Dust
0.000403
0.0329
0.00511
0.699
Dust
0.000403
0.0329
0.00511
0.699
Lagoon'
0.128
2.48
0.0511
32.6
Lagoon'
0.128
2.48
0.0511
32.5638
Lagoon'
0.128
2.48
0.0511
32.6
M Yard*
0.0150
0.326
0.0882
4.45
M Yard'
0.01 50
0.326
0.0882
4.4518
M Yard'
0.0150
0.326
0.0882
4.45
UCL-Water
(mglkglday)
0.0000713
0.000249
0.0000891
0.00851
UCL-Water
(mglkglday)
0.0000713
0.000249
0.0000891
0.00851
UCL-Water
(mglkglday)
0.0000713
0.000249
0.0000891
0.00851
Surface
0.236
0.189
0.831
2.40
Surface
0.0200
1.41
0.0350
2.21
Surface
0.0251
0.813
0.0366
1.94
Subsurfzce
19.1467,
2.02
1.01 .
6.62
, .
Subsurfa~
0.351
5.69
0.0402
6.02 .
Subsurface
0.309 ,
2.72
0.0462
5.67
TP-1
0.666
0.213
1.14
2.38
TP-1
0.0378
1.56
0.0443
2.19
TP-1
0.0430
0.845
0.0540
1.92
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday)
TP-2
1.56
0.184
0.963
2.42
TP-3
0.156
0.182
0.929
3.41
UCL-Total Dose (mgkglday)
TP-2
0.0646
1.38
0.0389
2.23
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday)
TP-2
0.0679
0.806
0.0437
1.95
TP-3
0.0155
1.36
0.0378
3.05
TP-3
0.0203
0.802
0.0418
2.75
Dust
0.0923
0.191
0.835
2.97
Dust
0.0113
1.42
0.0352
2.67
Dust
0.0156
0.815
0.0368
2.38
Lagoon'
23.8
5.89
0.306
36.3
Lagoon'
0.410
6.90
0.101
35.2
Lagoon'
0.357
3.53
0.155
34.8
M Yard'
3.01
2.70
0.420
7.35
M Yard'
0.0991
2.89
0.144
6.69
M Yard'
0.0985
1.24
0.227
6.37
IIAMES & MOORE

a H:\Holden\Drafl
TABLE 7.2.3-15
DOSES TO DUSKY SHREW
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal Surface
Cadmium 6.54
Copper 13.6
Lead 1.25
Mercury 0.21 9
Zinc 58.3
' = Maximum Dose
Metal
Cadmium
Zinc
Surface
5.36
51.5
Subsurface
245
38.8
1.72
0.232
129
Subsurface
1.29
53.3
TP-1
15.4
14.9
2.12
0.261
57.7
final ri rpt\S-?\em ra\tables\Doses99 (Shrew)
UCL-Worms (mglkglday) UCL Soil (mglkglday) UCL-Water
Median-Worms (mglkglday)
TP-1
2.24
49.2 .
TP-2
30.9
13.3
1.59
0.251
59.0
TP-2
2.46
55.1
TP-3
4.64
13.2
1.50
0.253
83.8
TP-3
4.64
56.7
Dust
3.01
13.7
1.26
NIA
74.0
Dust
2.67
58.3
Lagoon'
293
42.9
8.07
NIA
261
Surface
0.00680
1.89
M Yard'
53.4
25.1
12.5
NIA
136
Subsurface
0.00113
2.09
Surface
0.00873
0.261
0.0413
0.00000188
2.76
Subsurface
. 0.83
13.86
0.0612
0.00000306
30.80
Median-Soil (mglkglday)
TP-1
0.00227
1.65
TP-2
0.00255
. 2.32
TP-1
0.0256
0.371
0.0793
0.00000823
2.67
TP-3
0.00567
2.53
TP-2
0.0616
0.241
0.0558
0.00000588
2.86
Dust
0.00283
2.76
TP-3
0.0057
0.230
0.0517
0.00000635
8.34
Median-Water
(mglkglday)
0.000403
0.0482
Dust
0.00329
0.268
0.0417
NIA
5.70
Surface
5.37
53.5
Lagoon'
1.04
20.2
0.417
NIA
265
Subsurface
1.29
55.4
M Yard'
0.122
2.65
0.719
NIA
36.3
(mglkglday)
0.0004032
0.00141
0.000504
0.000000358
0.0482
Median-Total Dose (mglkglday)
TP-1
2.24
50.9
TP-2
2.46
57.5
Surface
6.55
13.9
1.29
0.219
61.1
TP-3
4.64
59.3
I Total Dose (mglkglday)
Subsurface
i 246
52.7
1.78
; 0.232
; 160
Dust
2.68
: 61.1
TP-1
15.4
15.3
2.20
0.261
60.4
TP-2
31.0
13.6
1.65
0.251
61.9
TP-3
4.64
. 13.4
1.55
0.253
92.2
Dust
3.01
14.0
1.30
NIA
79.7
Lagoon'
294
63.1
8.49
NIA
526
M Yard"
53.5
27.7
13.3
NIA
172
DAMIJS & MOORE

TABLE 7.2.3-16
DOSES TO RED-TAILED HAWK
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019 .
Metals Surface
Cadmium 0.187
Copper 1.25
Lead 0.0656
Zinc 1.63
. -- . -
= Maxlmum Dose
Metals
Cadmium
Copper
Surface
0.01 50
1.10
I zinc 1 7.31 I 8.75 7.30 . 1 7.33 1 7.94 1 7.72 1 2.06 1 1.77 1 0.00439 1 7.32 1 8.76 1 7.30 1 7.34 1 7.95 1 7.72 1 2.06 1 1.78
' = Maximum Dose
Subsurface
15.14
2.53
0.0795
2.25
Subsurface
0.198
3.17
UCL-Insectivore (mglkglday) UCL-Water
TP-1
0.527
1.33
0.0902.
1.63
(mglkglday)
0.0000368
0.000129
0.0000459
0.00439
, Lead , 0.238 , 0.259 , 0.274 : , 0.254 , 0.250 , 0.238 , 0.0395 , 0.0445 , 0.0000459 , 0.238 , 0.259 , 0.274 , 0.254 , 0.250 , 0.238 , 0.0395 , 0.0445 ,
Metals Surface
Cadmium 0.0191
Copper 0.620
Lead 0.250
Zinc 6.32
= Maximum Dose
Subsurface
0.164
0.81 1
0.307
7.50
Median Insectivore (mglkglday)
Food I Water I Total Dose
I Metal I Subsurface 1 Subsurface I Subsurface 1
H:\Holden\Drafl final ri rpt\Sir\eco ra\tables\Doses99 (RTH)
7/28/99
UCL-Omnivore (mglkglday)
TP-1
0.0275'
1.20 .
TP-2
1.23
1.23
0.0760
1.64
TP-3
0.123
1.22
0.0733
UCL-Herbivore (mglkglday)
TP-1
0.0316'
0.635.
0.351
6.31 .
TP-2
0.0453
1.07
TP-2
0.0479
0.617
0.292
6.34
Dust
0.0730
1.25
0.0660
1.89 1.80
TP-3
0.01 17
1.06
TP-3
0.0155
0.615
0.281
6.84
Dust
0.0086
1.10
Dust
0.0120
0.621
0.251
6.66
Lagoon*
18.80
2.71
0.202
2.99
Lagoon*
0.224
3.51
Lagoon*
0.182
0.832
0.0829
1.75
M Yard*
2.38
1.88
0.264
2.30
M Yard*
0.0668
2.04
M Yard'
0.0663
0.725
0.110-
1 :52
UCL-Water
(mglkglday)
0.0000368
0.000129
UCL-Water
(mglkglday)
0.0000368
0.000129
0.0000459
0.00439
Surface
0.187
1.25
0.0657
1.64
Su~face
0.0150
1.10
Surface
0.0191.
0.620
0.250
6.33
Subsurface
15.1
2.53
0.0796
2.25
Subsurface
0.198
3.17
Subsurface
0.164
0.81 1
0.307
7.50
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday)
TP-1
0.527
1.33
0.0903
1.63
TP-2
1.23
1.23
0.0761
1.65
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday)
TP-1
0.0275
1.20
TP-2
0.0453
1.07
TP-3
0.123
1.22
0.0733
1.90
TP-3
0.0118
1.06
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday) . ,
TP-1
0.0317
0.635
0.351
6.31
TP-2
0.0480
0.617
0.292
6.34
TP-3
0.0156
0.615
0.281
6.84
Dust
0.073
1.25
0.0660
1.80
Dust
0.009
1.10
Dust
0.0120
0.621
0.251
6.66
Lagoon'
18.8
2.71
0.202
3.00
Lagoon*
0.224
3.51
Lagoon*
0.182
0.832
0.0829
1.75
M Yard'
2.38
1.88
0.254
2.30
i
I *
M Yard*
0.0668
2.04
M Yard*
0.0663
0.725
0.110
1.52 -
-
.
DAMES & MOORE
0

TABLE 7.2.3-17
DOSES TO AMERICAN ROBIN
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419 .
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
' = Maximum Dose
Metal
Cadmium
Lead
Zinc
Cadmium-
Yakima
Cadmium-
Site
Surface
1.66
3.45
3.16
14.8
Surface
1.36
1.33
13.1
Cd Concentration (mglkg)
Soil Worms
0.930
5.41
Subsurface
62.1
9.84
4.35
32.6
Subsurface
0.327
1.38
13.5
7.82
31.7
TP-1
3.89
3.78
5.36
14.6
Median-Worms (mglkglday)
TP-1 .
0.567
3.52
12.5
H:WoldenU)raff fmal ri rpt\S_7\eco raUablesU)oses99 (Robin)
7/28/99
UCL-Worms (mglkglday) UCL-Soil (mglkglday)
Dust
0.76
3.47
3.19
18.7
Doses Using Background Soil (mglkglday)
Food Soil Water Total Dose
1.1 1
4.50
TP-2
7.83
3.38
4.04
14.9
TP-2
0.623
2.51
14.0
0.005337
0.031048
TP-3
1.18
3.33
3.80
21.2
TP-3
. 1.18
3.70
14.4
0.0000920
0.0000920
Dust
0.677
2.77
14.8
1.1 1
4.53
Lagoon'
74.2
10.9
20.5
34.4
Surface
0.00689
0.0143
1.92
TRV
(mglkg)
4
4
M. Yard*
13.5
6.36
31.8
66.1
Subsurface
0.001 15
0.0150
2.13
HQ
0.279
1.13
Surface
0.00884
0.265
0.0419
2.80
Subsurface
0.844
14.06
0.0621
31.25
TP-1
0.0259
0.377
0.0805
2.71
TP-2
0.0624
0.245
0.0566
2.90
TP-3
0.0057
0.234
0.0525
8.46
Median-Water
(mglkglday)
0.0000920
0.000115022
0.0110
UCL-Water (mglkglday)
Railroad Creek
0.0000920
0.000322
0.0001 15
0.01 10
MediakSoil (mglkglday) Median-Total Dose (mglkglday)
TP-1
0.00230
0.0477
1.67
TP-2
0.00258
0.0314
2.35
TP-3
0.00574
0.0508
2.57
Dust
0.00287
0.0355
2.80
Dust
0.0033
0.272
0.0423
5.78
Surface
0.0647
1.35
15.0
Lagoon'
1.06
20.54
0.423
269.34
Subsurface
0.0963
1.40
15.6
M. Yard'
0.124
2.69
0.730
36.82
TP-1'
0.0430
3.57
14.2
TP-2
0.0331
2.54
16.3
Surface
1.67
3.71
3.21
17.58
TP-3
0.0304
3.75
16.9
Subsurface
62.9
25:9
4.41
6?:4
DL!~
0.0627
2.!0
17.6
TP-1
3.92
4.16
5.44
17.3
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday)
TP-2
7.89
3.62
4.09
. 17.9
TP-3
1.18
3.57
3.85 -
29.7
Dust
0.765
3.74
3.23
24.5
Lagoon'
75.3
31.4
20.9
600
M. Yard'
13.6
9.05
32.5
209

TABLE 7.2.3-18
DOSES TO BAT
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metals
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Upstream
0.0276
0.130
0.00600
1.72
UCL-Insects (mglkglday) UCL-Water
UCL-Total Dose (mglkglday)
Adjacent to Site Downstream (mglkglday) Upstream Adjacent to Site Downstream
0.21 1
0.260 0.0000953 0.0277 0.21 1
0.260
2.47
2.79 0.000333 0.130
2.47
2.79
0.000162 0.000162 0.0001 19 0.00612 0.000281 0.000281
8.21
7.59 0.01 14 1.73
8.22
7.60
H:\Holden\Draft final ri rpt\S_7\eco ra\tables\Doses99 (Bat)
7128199
DAMES 8 MOORE

'
TABLE 7.2.4-la
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR SALMONIDS IN SOUTHBANK RAILROAD CREEK
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
TABLE 7.2.4-1 b
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR SALMONIDS IN MAINSTREAM RAILROAD CREEK
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
UCL Concentration (pg1L)
Upstream
0.0180
11.0
0.018
0.094
TABLE 7.2.4-1 c
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR SALMONIDS IN MEDIAN MAINSTREAM RAILROAD CREEK
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Copper
Upstream
0.090
25.2
0.2
17.5
Upstream
0.07
1.06
0.54
7.81
Adjacent to Site
1.14
59.8
0.600
191
UCL Concentration (pg1L)
Adjacent to Site
0.68
41.9
0.6
83.75
Median Concentration (pg1L)
Adjacent to Site I Downstream
10.15 I 3
H:Wolden\Draft final ri rpt\Sd7\eco raUablesWQs99R (Fish)
7/28/99 .
Downstream
ND
1.60
ND
14.0
Downstream
0.36
15.82
0.5
52.86
TRV
(pg/L)
2.3
TRV
(vg/L)
5.00
2.30
11 .O
187
TRV
(PS/L)
5.00
2.30
. 11.0
187
Upstream
0.01
0.46
0.05
0.04
HQ
Adjacent to Site I Downstream
4.41 I 1.30
HQ
Adjacent to Site
0.228
26.0
0.055
1.02
HQ
Adjacent to Site
0.14
1 8.22
0.05
0.45
Downstream
NA
0.696
NA
0.075
Downstream
0.07
6.88
0.05
0.28

TABLE 7.2.4-2a
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR INSECT NYMPHS IN SOUTHBANK RAILROAD CREEK
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
UCL Concentration (pgIL)
TABLE 7.2.4-2b
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR INSECT NYMPHS IN MAINSTREAM RAILROAD CREEK
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Upstream
0.09
25.2
0.2
17.5
Upstream
0.07
1.06
0.54
7.81
Adjacent to Site
1.14
59.8
0.6
191
UCL Concentration (pg/L)
Adjacent to Site
0.68
41.9
0.6
83.75
H:\Holden\Draff final ri rpt\S_7\eco raUablesWQs99R (Bugs)
7/28/99
Downstream
ND
1.6
ND
14
Downstream
0.36
15.82
0.5
52.86
TRV
(pg/L)
3
1500
3300
11310
TRV
(pg/L)
3
1500
3300
11310
Upstream
0.030
0.01 7
0.0001
0.002
Upstream
0.023
0.001
0.0002
0.001
HQ
Adjacent to Site
0.38
0.04
0.0002
0.02
HQ
Adjacent to Site
0.23
0.03
0.0002
0.01
Downstream
NA
0.00
N A
0.001
Downstream
0.12
0.01
0.0002
0.005

TABLE 7.2.4-2C
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES EXPOSED TO THE HIGHEST
METALS CONCENTRATIONS IN SEDIMENTS OF RAILROAD CREEK
G:\wpdam\\OOS\rr~UIolden-ZM\7-O.doc
17693-005-01 9Uuly 27. 1999:5: 16 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
DAMES & MOORE

TABLE 7.2.4-2D
a HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES EXPOSED TO METALS IN
FLOCCULENT IN RAILROAD CREEK
G:\wpdara\OO5\rcporuUloldm-2\ri\74.doe
17693-005-019Uuly 27. 1999;5:16 PM; DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

TABLE 7.2.4-3
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR AMERICAN DIPPER
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Upstream
0.03
0.1 3
0.01
1.7
UCL Total Dose (mglkglday)
Adjacent to Site
0.21
2.43
0.0003
8.1 1
H:Vlolden\Draft final ri rpt\S_7\eco raUablesVlQs99R (Dipper)
7/28/99
Downstream
0.26
2.75
0.0003
7.50
TRV
(mglkglday)
4
47
11.3
26.2
Upstream
0.0068
0.0027
0.00053
0.065
HQ
Adjacent to Site
0.052
0.052
2.4E-05
0.31
Downstream
0.064
0.059
2.4E-05
0.29

TABLE 7.2.4-4
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR OSPREY
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Copper
Mercury
Selenium
Zinc
Upstream
0.400
0.004
0.01 5
2.81 7
UCL Total Dose (mglkglday) TRV
Adjacent to Site
0.247
0.004
0.167
1.989
Lucerne
0.006
0.022
0.473
0.094
H:Wolden\Drafl final ri rpt\S_7\eco raUablesUiQs99R (Osprey)
7/28/99
25-Mile
0.024
0.010
0.040
0.079
(mglkglday)
47
0.45
0.5
26.2
Upstream
0.009
0.009
0.031
0.108
HQ
Adjacent to Site
0.005
0.009
0.335
0.076
Lucerne
0.001
0.002
0.062
0.022
25-Mile
0.001
0.002
0.067
0.01 5

TABLE 7.2.4-5
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR MINK CONSUMING TROUT
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
.DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-01 9
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Upstream
0.080
0.003
0.065
0.683
UCL Total Dose (mglkglday)
Adjacent to Site
0.307
0.001
0.055
0.574
Lucerne
0.1 10
0.001
0.042
0.782
H:\Holden\DraR final ri rpt\S_7\eco raUablesWQs99R (Mink-fish)
7126199
25-Mile
0.068
0.001
0.046
0.555
TRV
(mglkglday)
11.7
0.1 5
0.153
123.1
Upstream
0.007
0.018
0.425
0.006
HQ
Adjacent to Site
0.026
0.009
0.357
0.005
Lucerne
0.009
0.007
0.277
0.006
25-Mile '
0.006
0.007
0.301
0.005
DAMES & MOOKI:

TABLE 7.2.4-6a
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR PLANTS USING SCREENING VALUES
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Metal Surface Subsurface
Cadmium 1.54 147
Copper 311.3 16500
Lead 61 4 91
Zinc 246 2750
= Maximum Concentration
UCL Concentration (mglkg)
TABLE 7.2.44b
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR PLANTS USING MEDIAN CONCENTRATIONS
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Metal
Cadmlum
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Median Concentration (mqkq)
TABLE 7.2.4-6~
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR PLANTS USING INSITU TOXICIN VALUES
HOLDEN MlNE RIIFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Metal Surface Subsurface
Cadmium 1.54 147
Copper 311.3 16500
Lead 61.4 91
Zinc 246 2750
' = Maximum Concentration
TRV
(mglkg)
5.41
100
50
253.4
TABLE 7.2.44d
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR PLANTS USING MEDIAN CONCENTRATIONS AND IN-SITU DATA
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Surface
1.2
150
21
169
Surface
1.2
150
21
169
Subsurface
0.4
244
70
147
Subsurface
0.4
244
70
147
TP-1
4.51
442
118
238.5
TP-1
0.2
330
100
187
TP-1
4.51
442
118
238.5
H:Wolden\Drafl final n r pN_Mo raVaMesWQs99R (Rants)
?Re199
TP-2
10.87
287
83
255
TP-2
0.45
238
46
207
TP-3
0.76
150
74 5
226
UCL Concentration (rnglkg)
Median Concentration (mgkg)
TP-1
0.2
330
100
187
TP-2
10.87
'287
83
255
TP-2
0.45
238
46
207
TP-3
1
274
77
744.6
TP-3
1
274
77
'744.6
TP-3
0.76
150
74.5
226
Dust
0.58
319
62
509
Dust
0.5
151
52
246
Dust
0.58
319
62
509
Dust
0.5
151
52
246
Lagoon*
184
24100
620
23700
Lagoon'
184
24100
620
23700
TRV
(mglkg)
710
440
2700
24000
M. Yard'
21.6
3160
1070
3240
Surface
0.22
1.50
0.42
0.67
M. Yard'
21.6
3160
1070
3240
Surface
0.00
0.34
0.01
0.01
TRV
(rnglkg)
5.41
100
50
253.4
Subsurface
0.07
2.44
1.40
0.58
TRV
(mgkg)
710
440
2700
24000
Subsurface
0.00
0.55
0.03
0.01
Surface
0.28
3.11
1.23
0.97
HO
TP-1
0.04
3.30
2.00
0.74
Surface
0.00
0 71
0.02
0.01
TP-1
0.00
0.75
0.04
0.01
HQ
Subsurface
27.17
165.00
1.82
10.85
TP-2
0.08
2.38
0.92
0.82
Subsurface
0.21
37 50
0.03
0.11
TP-2
0.00
' 0.54
0 02
0.01
TP-1
0.83
4.42
2.36
0.94
TP-3
0.14
1.50
1.49
0.89
TP-1
0.01
1.00
0.04
0.01
TP-3
0.001
0.34
0.03
0.01
TP-2
2.01
287
166
1.01
Dust
.0.09
1.51
1 04
0.97
TP-2
0.02
0.65
0.03
001
Dust
0.001
0 34
0.02
0.01
HQ
HQ
'
TP-3
0.18
2.74
1.54
2.94
TP.3
0.001
0.62
0.03
003
Dust
0.11
3.19
1.24
2.01
Dust
0.001
0.73
0.02
0.02
Lagoon'
34.01
241.00
12.40
93.53
Lagoon'
0 26
54.77
0.23
0.99
M. Yard'
3.99
31.60
21.40
12.79
M. Yard'
0.03
7.18
040
0.14

TABLE 7.2.4-7a
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR EARTHWORMS
HOLDEN MlNE RUFS
DAMES l3 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
-... - ...
TABLE 7.2.4-7b
HAZARD QUOTIENTS'FOR MEDIAN CONCENTRATION EARTHWORMS
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Surface
1.54
311.3
61.4
246
Surface
1.2
150
2 1
169
Subsurface
147
16500
91
2750
Subsurface
0.4
244
70
147
TP-1
4.51
442
118
238.5
H.wdden\Dran fml n rpP.S-7kco raWesW(X99R (Worms)
7RM
UCL Concentration (mqkg) TRV .
' TP-2
10.87
287
83
255
Median Concentration (mqkg)
TP-1
0.2
330
100
187
TP-2
0.45
238
46
207
TP-3
1
274
77
744.6
TP-3
0.76
150
74.5
226
Dust
0.58
319
62
509
Dust
0.5
151
52
246
Lagoon'
1 84
24100
620
23700
TRV
(mglkg)
20
57.45
500
253.4
M. Yard'
21.6
3160
1070
Surface
0.06
2.61
0.04
0.67
(mglkg)
20
57.45
500
253.4
Subsurface
0.02
4.25
0.14
0.58
Surface
0.08
5.42
0.12
0.97
TP-1
0.01
5.74
0.20
0.74
HQ
Subsurface
7.35
287.21
0.18
10.85
TP-1
0.23'
7.69
0.24
0.94
TP-2
0.54
5.00
0.17
HQ
TP-3
0.05
4.77
0.15
3240 1.01 2.94
TP-2
0.02
4.14.
0.09
0.82
TP-3
0.04
2.61
0.15
0.89
Dust
0.03
2.63
0.10
0.97
Dusl
0.03
5.55 .
0.12
2.01
Lagoon'
9.20
419.50
1.24
93.53
M. Yard'
1.08
55.00
2.14
12.79

TABLE 7.2.4-8a
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR MULE DEER
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693005619
UCL Total Dose (mglkglday) . TRV HQ
Metal Surface Subsurface TP-1 TP-2 TP-3 Dust Lagoon' M. Yard' (mglkglday) Surface Subsurface TP-1 TP-2 TP-3 Dust Lagoon' M. Yard'
Cadm~um 0014 0.055 0.014 0.015 0.012 0.012 0.245 0.078 5.84 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.042 0.013 0.042 0.013
Copper 0.550 3.272 0.635 0.532 0.522 0.555 4.01 1 1.472 8.58 0.074 0.062 0.061 0.065 0.467 0.1 72 0.467 0.172
Lead 0.200 0.281 0.352 0.259 0.243 0.201 1.478 2.372 7.44- 0.047 0.035 0.033 0.027 0.199 0.319 0.199 0.319
Zinc 4.430 2.611 1.598 1.310 1.235 1.136 40.021 12.686 57.29 0.028 0.023 0.022 0.020 0.699 0.221 0.699 0.221
' = Maximum Dose
H:\Holden\DraR final n rpnS-Aeco ra\tablesU.(0599R (Deer)
7/28/99

TABLE 7.2.4-9
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR DEER MICE
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Metal Surface
Cadmium 0.08
Copper 3.17
Lead 1.15
Zinc 26.14
' = Maximum Dose
Subsurface
0.32
18.85
1.62
22.10
TP-1
0.08
3.66
2.03
9.80
UCL Total Dose (mglkglday)
TP-2
0.09
3.06
1.49
8.19
TP-3
0.07
3.01
1.40
9.01
Dust
0.07
3.20
1.16
7.84
Lagoon'
1.38
22.65
8.35
285.74
M. Yard'
0.44
8.31
13.39
79.79
TRV
(mglkglday)
10.1
170.8
16.2
323.3
Surface
0.01
0.02
0.07
0.08
Subsurface
0.03
0.1 1
0.10
0.07
TP-1
0.01
0.02
0.13
0.03
TP-2
0.01
0.02
0.09
0.03
HQ
TP-3
0.01
0.02
0.09
0.03
Dust
0.01
0.02
0.07
0.02
Lagoon'
0.14
0.13
0.52
0.88
M. Yard*
0.04
0.05
0.83
0.25

TABLE 7.2.4-10a
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR MlNK CONSUMING SMALL MAMMALS
HOLDEN MlNE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Metal
Cadmium 0.236
Copper 0 189
Lead 0.831
Z~nc 2.402
' = Maximum Dose
Metal Surface
Cadmium 0.020
Copper 1.410
Lead 0.035
Zinc 2.208
' = Maximum Dose
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead 0.037
Zinc 1.938
' = Maximum Dose
Surface I Subsurface
UCL Dose (Insectivores, mgkq)
I TP-1 I TP-2 I TP-3 I Dust I Lagoon' 1 M. Yard'
19.147
1.555 0.156 0.092 23.773 3.015
2.019
0.184 0 182 0.191 5.889 2.696
1 008 1.145 0.963 0.929 0.835 0.306 0.420
6.616 2.383 2 424 3.412 2.971 36.335 7.352
UCL Dose (Omnivores, mglkg)
TABLE 7.2.4-10b
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR MlNK CONSUMING MEDIAN CONCENTRATION SMALL MAMMALS
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17695005JJl9
Metal
Cadmlum
Subsurface
0.351
5.694
0.040
6.015
Surface
0.025
0.813
I
Subsurface
0.309
2.721
0.046
UCL Dose (Herbivores, mglkg)
I TP-1 I TP-2 I TP-3
0.043 0 068 0.020
0 845 0.806 0.802
0.054 0.044 0.042
I Dust
0.037
I Lagoon' 1 M. Yard'
0.099
1.238
0.155 0227
5.674 1.924 1.954 2.752 2.383 34.769 6.369
Median Dose
Subsurface
(mgikglday)
0.033
TRV
(mglkglday)
3.71
TP-1
0.038
1.559
0.044
2.193
HQ
Subsurface
0.009
TP-2
0.065
1 378
0.039
2.225
TP-3
0 016
1.360
0.038
3.053
Dust
0.011
1.420
0.035
2.673
Lagoon'
0.410
6.905
0.101
35.158
M. Yard'
0.099
2.890
0.144
6.690
TRV
(mglkglday)
3.71
11.7
11.43
123.1
TRV
(mgikglday)
3.71
11.7
11.43
123.1
TRV
(mglkglday)
3.71
11.7
11.43
123.1
Surface 1 Subsurface 1 TP-1
HQ
I TP-2 I TP-3 1 Dust I Lagoon' 1 M. Yard'
0.064 5.161 0.180
0.016 0.173 0.018
0.073 0.088 0.100 0.084 0.081 0.073 0.027 0.037
0.020 0.054 - 0 019 0.020 0.028 0.024 0 295 0.060
Surface
0 005
0.121
0.003
0.018
Subsurface
0.095
0.487
0.004
0049
TP-1
0.010
0 133
0.004
0.018
HQ
TP-2
0.017
0.118
0.003
0.018
TP-3
0 004
0.116
0.003
0.025
Dust
0.003
0.121
0.003
0.022
Lagoon*
0.111
0.590
0.009
0.286
M. Yard'
0.027
0 247
0.013
0.054
Surface 1 Subsurface 1 TP-1 I
HQ
TP-2 I TP-3 1 Dust I Lagoonb 1 M. Yard'
0.007 0.083 0 012 0.018 0.005 0.004 0.096 0.027
0.069 0.233 0.072 0.069 - 0.069 0.070 0.302 0.106
0.003 0.004 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.003 0.014 0.020
0.016 0.046 0.016 0.016 0.022 0.019 0.282. 0.052

TABLE 7.2.4-11a
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR RED-TAILED HAWK
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES (L MOORE JOB NO. 17695005-019
Metal Surface
Cadmium 0.187
Copper 1.246
Lead 0.066
Zinc 1.6
. .. . - ' = Maxtmum uose
Metal Surface
Cadmium 0.015
Copper 1.095
Lead 0.238
Zinc 7.3
' = Maximum Dose
Metal Surface
Cadmium 0.019
Copper 0.620
Lead 0.250
Zinc 6.3
' = Maximum Dose
UCL Total Dose Omnivore (mq/kq/day)
UCL Total Dose Herbivore (mgkqlday)
TABLE 7.2.4-11 b
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR RED-TAILED HAWKCONSUMING MEDIAN CONCENT RATION INSECTIVORE
HOLDEN MlNE RIIFS
DAMES L MOORE JOB NO. 17695005019
Metal
Cadmium
UCL Total Dose Insectivore (mqlkqlday)
TRV
Subsurface
15.139
TP-1
0.527
TP-2
1.230
TP-3
0.123
Dust
0.073
Lagoon'
18.796
M. Yard'
2.384
(mglkglday) Surface
4 0.047
Subsurface
3.785
TP-1 .
0.132
TP-2
0.308
2.530
1.327 1.228 1.218 1.252 2.707 1.884 47 0.027 0.054 0.028 0.026
0.080
0.090 0076 0.073 0066 0.202 0.264 11.3 0.017 0.020 0.023 0.020
2 2 16 16 1.9 1.8 3.0 2.3 26.2 0.063 0.086 0.062 0.063
Subsurface
0.198
3.175
0.259
8.8
Subsurface
0.164
0811
0 307
7.5
edian Doses Insectivores Imqlkqlday
Food
Subsurface
0.026
TP-1
0.028
1.203
0.274
7.3
TP-1
0.032
0.635
0.351
6.3
TRV
(mglkglday)
4
TP-2
0.045
1.071
0.254
7.3
TP-2
0048
0.617
0 292
6 3
HQ
Subsurface
0.0065
TP-3
0.012
1 058
0.250
7.9
TP-3
0.016
0.615
0.281
6.8
Dust
0.009
1.102
0.238
7.7
Dust
0012
0.621
0.251
6.7
Lagwn'
0.224
3.514
0.039
2.1
Lagoon'
0 182
0.832
0.083
8.7
M. Yard'
0.067
2.038
0.044
1.8
M. Yard'
0.066
0.725
0.110
7.6
TRV
(mglkglday)
4
47
0.45
26.2
TRV
(mglkglday)
4
26.2
Surface
0.004
0.023
0.061
0.279
Surface
0.005
0.013
0.109
0.241
Subsurface
0.049
0.068
0.066
0.334
Subsurface
0.041
0.017
0.133
0.286
TP-1
0.007
0.026
0.070
0.279
TP-1
0.008
0.014
0.153
0.241
TP-2
0.011
0.023
0.065
0.280
TP-2
0.012
0.013
0 127
0.242
HQ
HQ
HQ
TP-3
0.031
0.026
0.019
0.072
TP-3
0.003
0 023
0.064
0.303
TP-3
0.004
0.013
0.122
0.261
Dust
0 018
0.027
0017
0.069
Dust
0.002
0.023
0.061
0295
Dust
0.003
0.013
0.109
0.254
Lagoon'
4.699
0.058
0.018
0.114
Lagoon'
0.056
0.075
0.003
0.078
Lagoon'
0.046
0.018
0 007
0.330
M. Yard'
0.596
0.040
0.023
0.088'
M. Yard'
0.017
0 043
0.004
0.068
M. Yard'
0.017
0.015
0.010
0 290

TABLE 7.2.4-12a
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR DUSKY SHREWS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Metal Surface
Cadmium 6.5
Copper 13.9
Lead 13
Zinc 61.1
' = Maximum Dose
Subsurface
245 9
52.7
1.8
159.5
TABLE 7.2.4-1 2b
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR MEDIAN DUSKY SHREWS
HOLDEN MINE RUFS
DAMES B MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
UCL Total Dose (mglkglday) TRV
HQ
TP-1 TP-2 TP-3 Dust Lagoon' M Yard' (mglkglday) Surface Subsurface TP-1 TP-2
15.4 31 .O 4.6 3.0 294.0 53.5 10.1 0.6 24.3 1.5 3.1
15.3 13.6 13.4 14.0 63.1 27.7 -170.8 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1
2.2 1.6 1.6 1.3 8 5 13.3 16.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
60.4 61.9 92.2 79.7 526.3
172.1 323.3 0 2 0.3 . 0.2 0.2
Median Total Dose Insectivores (mglkglday) HQ
Subsurface 1 TP-1 I TP-2 Subsurface1 TP-1 I TP-2
Cadmium1 0.128 1 0.222 1 0.244 1 10.1 1 0.013 1 002 1 0.02 .
TP-3
0.5
0.1
0.1
0 3
Dust
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
Lagoon'
29.1
0.4
0.5
16
M. Yard*
5.3
0.2
0.8
0.5

TABLE 7.2.4-13a
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR ROBIN
HOLDEN MlNE RllFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
UCL Total Dose (mqlkglday) TRV
Metal
Cadmium
Surface
1.67
Subsurface
62 94
TP-1
3.92
TP-2
7.89
TP-3
1.18
Dust
0.77
Lagoon'
75.29
M. Yard'
13.64
(mglkglday)
4
Copper 3.71 23.90 4.16 3.62 3 57 3 74 31.41 9.05 47
Lead 3.21
Zinc 17.58
* - = ..- -- . Maxlrnum wse
4.41
63.87
5.44
1734
4.09
17.85
3.85
29.71
3.23
24.54
20.88
599.77
32.50
208.86
11.3
26.2
TABLE 7.2.4-13b
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR MEDIAN ROBIN
HOLDEN MlNE RUFS
DAMES 8 MOORE JOB NO. 17693405419
Median Total Dose (mqlkglday) TRV HB
Cadmium 0.096 0.033 0.030 4 0.082 0.16 0.30
15.6 16.3 16.9 26.2 0.597 0.62 0.647
+ Zinc
7
Surface
0.42
0 08
0.28
0.67
Subsurface
15.74
0.51
0.39
2.44
TP-1
HO
TP-2
0.98 1.97
0.09 . 0 08
0.48 0.36
0.66 0.68
TP-3
0.30
0.08
0.34
1.13
Dust
0.19
0.08
029
0.94
Lagoon'
3.41
0.57
2.85
M. Yard'
18.82
0 29
1.87
11.59 3.93

TABLE 7.2.4-14
HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR BATS
HOLDEN MINE RllFS
DAMES & MOORE JOB NO. 17693-005-019
Metal
Cadmium
Copper
Lead
Zinc
Upstream
0.03
0.13
NA
1.73
Concentration (mglkglday)
Adjacent to Site
0.21
2.47
NA
8.22
H:Vlolden\Dr%fl final ri rpt\S_7\eco raUables\HQs99R (Bats)
7/28/99
Downstream
0.26
2.79
N A
7.60
TRV
(mglkglday)
3.06
24.18
i'f
101.65
Upstream
0.009
0.005
NA
0.017
HQ
Adjacent to Site
0.07
0.i0
N A
0.08
Downstream
0.08
0.12
N A
0.075
DAMES & MOORE

~ob NO. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report
-- A

Figure 7.0-2
HDA~VE~~LMOORE RAILROAD CREEK WATERSHED MAP
A DAMES K MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Job NO. 17693-005-019 Draft Final RI Report

DNWS & MOORE
A DAMES h MOORE GROUP COMPANY
~ob NO. 17693-005-01 9
LUCILLE Fl
Figure 7.0-3
HOLDEN MINE SITE MAP
Holden Mine RIiFS
Draft Final RI Report

I
SOURCE
RELEASE EXPOSURE
. MECHANISM MEDIUM
t-'
Yh. P0ltdR.Ln.0.
I Sdl
EXPOSURE ROUTE RECEPTOR
.Won) I
Shop Am. WaLm (mdntnrace y d))
h:Ulolaa\Qan final ripnS-AHhraV@xarWh-rrg.xlr F i e 1
7R7199
DAMES L MOORE
Job No. 17693405-019
I At?
Inhalath (paCtcul.Cn)
FIGURE 7.1-1
PRELIMINARY HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PATHWAY MODEL
1

SOURCE
RELEASE EXPOSURE
MECHANISM MEDIUM
EXPOSUREROUTE RECEPTOR
I 1
I Deporltion
I Shop Area I
h:lhoMenWaR final ricpt\S-7UihraViuresWhhfig9xls Figure 2
7R7199
Job No. 17693405419
Realdenta (In village) 'I
Rcmatld hen (lagoon area)
Mhe Portrl Drainage Realdents (In vllbge) I
I Soll 1 Recmatbal Uwn (lagoon ana)
L_* [ Fa* Sew*. ltttfon) Pen0nn.l (Guard 1
Son wm Workan (malnbu~. yard))
I. I
FIGURE 7.1-2
REFINED HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PATHWAY MODEL
DAMES B MOORE

MEDIA
FIGURE 7.1-3
FLOW CHART ILLUSTRATING HUMAN HEALTH RlSK ASSESSMENT RESULTS
SCREENING INDICATOR HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES FOR SITE- *
LOCATION RESULTS SPECIFIC RISK ASSESSMENT UNACCEPTABLE RISK?
Hdden Vfflsge 1~ew.m NO
Vegelable Gardan ELIMINATED
ELIMINATED
wldemau Boundary W~NATED
M- Ypd
LaOm
Guard Slabon
EUMINATED
EUMINATED
ELIUIUATEO
lTAlLlNGS]-> ELIMINATED
PARTICULATES FROM TAILINGS jBISib EUMNATED
ARanl~ Cadmhnn. Coppa. Lead. TPH j NO
Ba*abrm. Cedmlum. Coppsr. Lead. Zinc, TPH j NO
J--km
NO
AIR Thmw~had Site ksa m e t e NO
-
Raihoad Cm& Migsnl to Sits + ELIMINATED
-1-@-l
I~hmum ~itu - I F - . ~amnlum. Lead. d i i v - NO
JMINE PORTAL OWNAGE I-> Thrmphout Sits tt>I~hmJnurn. Cadmium. Copper. Lead. Manwere. Zinc NO
IThmughart Sie ELIMINATED
EUMINATED
LucameWstl ELIMINATED
RaiW Creek ELIMINATED
h:Ho(d.;ln"fl hl d,pa.9-~~~7-~-mo.m
7n7m
DAMES & YOORE

Figure 7.2-1 Conceptual Site Model
m Osprey
I Mink I Red-Tailed Hawk
American Dipper Little Brown Bat Trout I
-
Aquatic Insects 4- b Deer Mouse Mule Deer
A A
--------------------------------------------..-------------------------------------------------..---------------------------- - - - - - - -. . -
G:\WPDATA\OONCEPORTSWOLDENM2W\7-0.doc
17693-005-019UuIy 28,1999,9:30 AMDM FMAL IU REPORT
Surface Water
4
Periphyton r Plants I
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - -. . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .
=-A.
Earthworms
. .
Groundwater Surface Runoff Sediments
4 4
u Mine
Seep Water
L
Tailings/Soils
I
I
I Tertiary I
I Consumers
Consumers
Consumers
Producers
. - - - - - - - - - - - - 4
. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. . - - - - - - -
u
Detriivores
DAMES & MOORE

I
I
8.1 INTRODUCTION
8.0 DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGS
The geology, surface and subsurface soils, surface water, groundwater, seeps, sediments, air. and ecological
conditions of the Holden Mine area and portions of the Railroad Creek watershed, were evaluated during the
RI utilizing data collected by Dames & Moore and others. The R1 also included evaluation of the presence
or absence of asbestos-containing materials in the abandoned mill building, the presence or absence of
underground storage tanks and associated possible petroleum hydrocarbons in the Winston Home Sites area.
an evaluation of geologic hazards on the Site, an assessment of potential rock and soil sources, and human
health and ecological risk assessments. In addition, the RI characterized surface water and ecological
conditions in three reference reach locations north of the Railroad Creek watershed in the Stehekin River
Watershed (Bridge Creek, Company Creek, and South Fork of Agnes Creek) (Figures 8.1-1 through 8.1-5).
This section presents a summary of the key findings and interpretations of the Site surface and subsurface
conditions in terms of the geology; hydrology; hydrogeology; aquatic and terrestrial biota; the nature and
extent of contamination in surface and subsurface soils, groundwater, surface water, and sediment;
characterization of the transport and fate of contaminants; and the potential for human health and ecological
risks associated with the Site. The interpretations of the settings for the aquatic reference reaches outside the
Railroad Creek watershed are presented in this secti,on in order to evaluate the comparability of data
collected from these areas with the Railroad Creek data.
Due to the complexity of the Site conditions, and to assist in communicating the findings, some redundancy
exists between the previous report text and this section of the report; the relevant previous sections of the
report are referenced as appropriate.
I 8.2 INTERPRETATION OF THE SITE SETTING
The Site is located within the Railroad Creek watershed. The Railroad Creek watershed includes the entire
watershed area from Lyman Lake to Lake Chelan; and the aquatic reference reaches indlude one stream
segment each in Bridge Creek, South Fork of Agnes Creek, and Company Creek which were sampled for
aquatic biota and water quality for comparison to appropriate segments of Railroad Creek. The Site
includes the general area within the Railroad Creek valley between the upstream wilderness boundary at
surface water sampling station RC-6, to immediately downstream of the eastern end of the tailings piles at
seep sampling station SP-2 1.
Referring to Section 4.0 for a complete discussion of findings, the following section summarizes the most
important elements of the setting in terms of the Site and aquatic reference reach areas.
8.2.1 Physiography
8.2.1.1 Site
The Holden Mine is situated in a remote area on the eastern slopes the Cascade Mountains and surrounded
on three sides by established wilderness and one side by National Forest System land managed forest land
17693-005-019Vuly 28.1999:10:24 AM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

which includes protected natural resources and wildlife habitat (Figures 8.1-1 and 8.1-2). The Site is
situated approximately near the center of the Railroad Creek watershed.
The elevation difference between the mouth of Railroad Creek and the westernmost exqent of the watershed,
as well as the difference between the floor of the valley at the Site and surrounding peaks, is on the order of
4,000 to 6,000 feet. This elevation difference results in wide variations in daily and seasonal temperatures,
and the types and amounts of precipitation. The majority of precipitation falls in the form of snow during
the months of January through March. Daytime temperatures at the Site are relatively cold during the
winter months, often below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, to warm during the summer months, often above 70
degrees Fahrenheit.
The daily temperature variations in the summer months regularly result in down-valley winds during the
afternoons, which are normally low to moderate in relative intensity. The north-facing aspect of the Site
also reduces the amount of solar gain received during the year when compared to the north side of the valley
which receives more sunlight. These factors contribute to the variations in snow melt rates; surface water
run on, runoff and infiltration; and the species and densities of vegetation and wildlife. The vegetation types
range from lower elevation,.predominantly coniferous forests from Lake Chelan to the Site, transitioning to
subalpine and alpine sparse vegetation west of the Site to the headwaters at Lyman Lake.
The principal Site surface features in the southwest and western portions of the Site include the underground
mine, the Honeymoon Heights area portals and associated waste rock piles, the 1500-level main and
ventilator mine portals, the mill building with two associated waste rock piles and mine support area which
includes the maintenance yard, lagoon (Figures 8.1-3 and 8.1-4). Three tailings piles are present in the
eastern portion of the Site and cover approximately 90 acres. The tailings piles range in height from
approximately 50 feet for tailings pile I, approximately 120 feet for tailings pile 2, and approximately 50
feet for tailings pile 3. Railroad Creek bounds the mine area to the north. Copper Creek enters Railroad
Creek between tailings piles 1 and 2.
Holden Village exists north of the abandoned mine and mill areas, immediately north of Railroad Creek.
The village includes'approximately 50 to 60 year-around residents and approximately 5,000 to 6,000 short-
term visitors to Holden Village during the summer months. Other short-term visitors to the Railroad Creek
watershed include hikers, backpackers, horse packers, and recreational users who fish the streams and 'lakes
throughout the area. Lucerne, approximately 10 miles to the east of the Site, near the mouth of Railroad
Creek on Lake Chelan, includes mostly part-time and several full-time residents.
Aquatic Reference Reaches
The three aquatic reference reach sites were selected for evaluation in the RI and are located to the north of
the Railroad Creek watershed within the Stehekin River basin (Figure 8.1-5). The sites are situated on
isolated segments of Bridge Creek, North Fork of Agnes Creek, and Company Creek. These reference
reach sites were selected because they are situated in areas of similar topographic relief and climatic
conditions as observed in the Railroad Creek watershed. The reference reaches are also situated in remote
areas of the Wenatchee National Forest or the North Cascades National Park, with only part-time visitors in
the form of hikers, backpackers, horse packers, and recreational users who fish the streams and lakes.
\\DM-SEA I\VOLI\COMMON\WP\WPDATAUMS\REWRTSWOLDEN-2\Rn& 8-2
17693405-019Uuly 28.1999;10:36 AM;DRAFT FINAL R1 REPORT

8.2.2 Geology
8.2.2.1 Railroad Creek Watershed
The Railroad Creek geology reflects ongoing tectonic mountain building. Based on historic data, Railroad
Creek is located in an area of moderate seismicity due to the mountain building processes. The geology of
the'watershed consists of metamorphic and igneous rocks resulting from the compressive forces associated
with the mountain building. The bedrock is exposed at the ground surface throughout the Railroad Creek
watershed, but predominantly along the valley walls and ridge lines.
The bedrock was modified into a u-shaped valley by glaciation that occurred within the last 12,000 years
(Pleistocene period). Lyman Glacier, located approximately 10 miles to the west of the Site reflects the
remnant of the Pleistocene glacier. The glacier removed the bedrock to form a mixture of clay-sized silt,
sand, gravel, cobbles, and boulders. The soil was deposited on portions of the floor of the valley and the
lower valley walls. The soil mixture was compacted by the glacier into a dense glacial till. ,
During the most recent recession of the glaciation, the glacial till was covered in places with mixtures of
relatively loose sand and gravel with less silt, cobbles, and boulders. as noted at the existing Dan's Camp
gravel pit in the lower of Railroad Creek. This material is known to be more permeable than the
glacial till.. Since the glacial period, Railroad Creek has continued to rework the deposited exposed near the
ground surface, in some isolated places removing the glacial deposits to expose the underlying bedrock.
CE.
Localized areas throughout the Lake Chelan region contain deposits of economic minerals that have resulted
in natural enrichment or mineralization. Areas of mineralized zones in bedrock have been mapped by others
throughout the Railroad Creek watershed; the economic metals noted by others as being present in the
watershed include those extracted from the Holden Mine (copper, zinc, gold, and silver).
In addition to the Holden Mine, more than 15 other mineral prospects and several smaller mines were
developed in the Railroad Creek watershed. Two mines were located approximately 10 miles to the west of
the Site, and were reported to have been operated by others early in the 1900s. One prospect was reportedly
developed by Howe Sound Company above Holden Lake, northwest of the Site near Martin Ridge at an
elevation of approximately 7,500 feet. These workings reportedly included three primary adits, the most
extensive being 370 feet in length. A preliminary assessment of the Holden Lake prospect was conducted as
part of the RI. In addition, water quality sampling of Holden Creek (which flows from Holden Lake) was
completed during the RI. Based on the findings, additional evaluation of the Holden Lake prospect was
determined not to be necessary.
8.2.2.2 Site
General
Based on seismic refraction data collected as part of the RI, glacial till covers the bedrock underlying the
Site. However, the depth to bedrock near Railroad Creek between tailings piles 2 and 3 was relatively
shallow (less than 20 feet), and isolated exposures of bedrock appear to exist immediately downstream of
tailings pile 3 in the south bank of the Railroad Creek, and within the lower portion of Copper Creek; the
absence of glacial till in the areas is likely due to stream erosion.
\\DM-SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WPDATA\OOJiREPORTSWLDEN-2UU\ 8-3
17693-005-019Uuly 28.1999;10:24 Ah4;DRAFT FMAL RI REPORT

The dense glacial till overlying the majority of the bedrock has been mapped by others to be present slightly
above the 1100-level mine portal in the Honeymoon Heights area. Borings completed on the Site by others
indicate that the glacial till has a relatively low permeability.
The near-surface glacial soils within the valley have apparently been reworked by stream erosion processes
by meandering of Railroad Creek across the valley floor at the Site during and since the last glacial advance.
The finer grained silt and sand soil within the near-surface glacial till appear to have been generally
removed by the alluvial action, resulting in the surficial soils being more permeable than the glacial till soil
present at depth.
Railroad Creek has been documented to have been rerouted in 1937 to accommodate the use of the portions
of the mine support area near the creek for surface water retention, and to allow for the construction of the
tailings piles. The creek was apparently rerouted by constructing a dike consisting of gravel, cobbles,
boulders, and occasional wood timbers along the eastern and southern banks of the creek west of the tailing
piles. A segment of the previous Railroad Creek stream bed appears to be present beneath the lagoon, north
of the maintenance yard and abandoned mill building, and portions of tailings piles 1, 2, and 3. Due to the
presence of creek bed material that most likely has a higher permeability than near-surface glacial soils or
alluvial materials, the abandoned stream bed appears to act as a preferential pathway for near-surface
groundwater movement from the western portion of the Site to Railroad Creek near the confluence with
Copper Creek, and beneath tailings piles 2 and 3.
(3
Western Portion of S~te
Undermound Mine and Honemoon Heights
The mine levels were developed based on the elevation &w the exposure of the ore body above the mine
in the Honeymoon Heights area. The exposure of the ore body is considered the "0" level. The 300-level
portal is approximately 300 feet below this point, the 550-level is approximately 550 feet below, and so on
(Figure 8.2- 1).
The two 1500-level portals of the mine are the lowest elevation openings to the surface. The 1500-level
main and ventilator portals were apparently timbered through 65 feet and 300 feet of glacial soil,
respectively. The thickness of the glacial soil at the ventilator portal is likely less than noted on the
underground maps due to the tunnel not being oriented perpendicular to the valley sidewall. The remainder
of the mine portals at the 1100, 1000, 800, 700, 550, and 300 levels were either not timber supported or
supported only through less than 15 feet of glacial soil andlor weathered bedrock exposed near the surface.
The ore-bearing bedrock within the mine is reported by others to consist principally of copper, zinc, gold,
and silver-bearing sulfides within a country rock of primarily schistose rock. Based on a review of historic
mine maps, the ore body is approximately 80 feet in width, nearly vertical in orientation, strikes northwest to
southeast, and is exposed at the ground surface approximately coincident with the 300-level to 1,000-level
mine workings in Honeymoon Heights. Portions of the ore body were removed from within the mine to
form openings called "stopes." The stopes range in height from approximately 100 to 600 feet, and
approximately 80 feet in width. Select portions of two of the stopes above the 1500-level of the mine
appear to have been mapped as being completed to within approximately 50 feet of the ground surface. The
potential for subsidence exists in these isolated areas along the strike of the ore body. The areas are
generally found between the 300- to 550-level, and the 700- to 1100-level portals.
\\DM~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATA\OO~WRTSWOLDW-~\RNI~.~OC 8-4 DAMES & MOORE
17693-005-019Uuly 28. 1999;10:24 AM:DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
.

The bedrock in the mine has been mapped as containing a number of fault and Fracture systems. Two
primary faults have been mapped within the Holden Mine with measured lateral and vertical movement: no
indications of recent movement were noted in literature andlor the field. The presence of the glacial till
overlying the bedrock in the lower portion of the valley would appear to decrease the likelihood of
groundwater movement From the faults to the near-surface groundwater in the valley alluvial deposits.
The potential for subsidence at the Holden Mine was evaluated as part of the RI. The scope of work
included conducting relatively detailed field mapping along exposed portions of the ore body between the
300- and 550-level portals, and the 700- and 1100-levels portals. The results indicate that the bedrock
spanning the underground openings is "stable" based on comparisons with historical data; refer to section
4.2.5 for additional discussion.
~ i l lMine i Suooort, and Waste Rock Piles
Referring to Figures 8.1-3 and 8.1-4 for the locations of the mill, mine support, and waste rock piles area, it
appears that this portion of the Site is generally underlain by limited man-made fill soils overlying the
glacial till soils which have been reworked near the existing ground surface by Railroad Creek.
The waste rock piles are composed of angular rock, including non-mineralized rock removed during initial
development of the 1500-level tunnels and other portions of the mine that did not contain sufficient
mineralization to warrant processing in the mill. The two piles located next to the abandoned mill are on the
order of 120 feet thick and are underlain by apparent glacial till soils; the contact between the waste and
glacial till slopes to the north. Water that permeates through the waste rock, therefore, travels along the
contact with glacial till materials, forming several intermittent springs or seeps observed near the base of the
piles.
The surface of the west waste rock pile is currently being used by Holden Village for the remediation of
petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils encountered during the removal of underground storage tanks in
the village.
Eastern Portion of Site
Tailings Piles
The tailings materials have been determined to consist generally of silty fine sand to fine sandy silt. The
soils were noted by others to consist of higher percentages of sand near the outer boundaries of the piles.
The depths of the materials range from approximately 50 feet for tailings piles 1 and 3 to approximately 120
feet for tailings pile 2. The tailings appeared slightly cemented at the surface based on infilh-ation tests
completed by Dames & Moore and others. The permeability of the surfaces of the tailings piles is relatively
low, and is discussed further in the groundwater subsection.
Based on the results of borings completed by others, the tailings piles are directly underlain by reworked
glacial soils, which have a relatively high permeability. The reworked deposits appear underlain by
relatively low permeability glacial till. The northern portions of the tailings piles are also likely underlain
by the abandoned Railroad Creek drainage which was relocated at the time of the placement of the tailings
piles.
\U)M~SEA~\V~LI\C~MM~MWP\WPDATA\~~~\REP~RTSW~LDEN-~\R~~-~,~OC
8-5
17693-005-019Wuly 28. 1999;10:24 AM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Tailings pile 1 was utilized as a municipal dump andlor sewage lagoon by both Howe Sound and Holden
Village; however, no information was discovered regarding the disposal of petroleum products in the dump.
The refuse was reportedly placed in a depression in the tailings materials. The placement of municipal @
waste was discontinued in 1989. The depression was filled with soil andfor tailings materials during the
tailings rehabilitation project conducted between 1989 and 1991.
Holden Village, Winston Home Sites, and Baseball FieldlCampground Area i
The near-surface geology for the area to the north of Railroad Creek, beneath Holden Village, Winston
Home Sites, and the Baseball Field/Campground area appears to consist of glacial soil overlain by
colluvium originating from the slopes to the north.
8.2.2.3 Tailings Pile Slope Stability
Seismic Potential I
The Site is located in an area that is moderately active seismically. The Site has a low to moderate potential
to experience an earthquake, which could liquefy the relatively loose alluvium underlying the toes of the
.tailings piles, based on the analysis of historic seismic data and geologic data. The soils directly beneath the
tailings piles have been compacted by the weight of the tailing materials, and are, therefore, less susceptible
to liquefaction.
Release Potential I
The slopes of the tailings piles facing Railroad Creek were found generally to range in angle between
approximately 22 degrees and 58 degrees. The majority of the lower- to mid-slopes for tailings pile 1
range between 22 degrees and 33 degrees, with isolated portions of the upper slopes observed in excess of
60 degrees. The lower slopes of tailings pile 2 were observed to be less than 34 degrees, with the majority
of the mid- to upper slopes in excess of 44 degrees. The majority of the lower- to mid-slopes for tailings
pile 3 are less than 34 degrees, with the upper slopes ranging from 33 degrees to more than 42 degrees.
Based on engineering analyses of the tailings piles, the slopes of the tailings piles are stable at the present .
time under static conditions, assuming that the base of the slopes are not eroded by Railroad Creek.
However, the "factor of safety" under static conditions was found to be 1.04 (a factor of safety below 1.0
indicates instability, and slopes with factors of safety between 1.0 and 1.25 are considered marginally
stable). It was also found that a realistic hypothetical earthquake event with a horizontal peak acceleration of
0.05 gravity (g) and a return period of 40 years would result in a factor of safety of 0.98 for the steepest
portions of tailings pile 2 and 1.04 for tailings pile 3 slopes. Tailings pile 1 slopes were not modeled but
were generally considered similar to tailings pile 3 slopes, except for isolated steep sections that are similar
to tailings pile 2. The factor safety increased with the depth of modeled failures; a slope of approximately 33
degrees was determined to have a factor of safety of 1.25 or greater under seismic conditions and is,
therefore, considered stable.
The results of the analyses suggest movement would involve displacement of 1 to 15-foot deep sections of
the steepest tailings. The horizontal length of a particular failure zone along the face of the slope could
reasonably be expected to range from less than 100 feet to more than several hundred feet. The likelihood
of a release is highest .for the portion of the tailings piles immediately downstream of the confluence of
\U)M-SW\I\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATAMOS\REPORTSWOLDEN-2W\8-O-Od~ 8-6 DAMES & MOORE
17693-005419Uuly 28, 1999;10:24 AM;DM FINAL RI REPORT

Railroad Creek and Copper Creek. The probability of an earthquake occurring sufficient enough to exceed
the theoretical threshold for horizontal acceleration to initiate the shallowest movement is relatively
moderate to high. However, the deeper hypothetical failure was found to be less likely.
Erosion Potential
Tailings Pile Slo~es
Surface erosion of the tailings due to precipitation and wind results in a relatively minor amount of tailings
material being transported down slope and down wind. The potential for erosion is highest for the steeper
slopes of the tailings piles. The materials transported down slope have the potential for being delivered into
Railroad Creek during storm events.
The results of preliminary mapping conducted as part of the RI indicated that the distribution of wind-blown
tailings deposited on the ground surface is generally limited to the area between the tailings piles and the
confluence of Tenmile Creek and Railroad Creek. The maximum thickness of the deposits was noted to be
generally less than several inches immediately north of the Railroad Creek, down wind of the piles. The
thickness of the deposits decreased with the distance from the tailings piles, with the thickness near the
mapped limits generally less than an inch.
Existing Riurau
The existing riprap was placed along Railroad Creek between 1989 and 1991 with the intent of preventing
erosion of the tailings pile slopes by Railroad Creek. The majority of the existing riprap originated from a
rock quarry in the eastern portion of the Railroad Creek watershed, near Dan's Camp. An assessment of the
existing riprap was conducted as part of the RI.
The results of the assessment indicated that a number of rocks exposed at the surface are in relatively poor
condition and eroding relatively rapidly. The riprap of highest quality was observed at the northwest comer
of tailings pile 2, immediately downstream of the Copper Creek confluence. at the location where it is most
needed to prevent erosion by Railroad Creek. The majority of the remaining riprap was variable in quality
and resistance to erosion.
Further erosion of the riprap could reduce its effectiveness for preventing removal of the tailings materials
by Railroad Creek during storm events. The implications of the eroding riprap are further discussed below
in the Surface Water erosion section.
8.2.2.4 Aquatic Reference Reaches
The geology for the aquatic reference reaches is similar to the Railroad Creek geology, consisting primarily
of metamorphic bedrock with igneous intrusives. The bedrock in the main stem of the Stehekin River
drainage was scoured by a glacier that carved out the Lake Chelan Basin. The drainages in which the three
reference reaches are located were carved by smaller glaciers and overlain by a combination of glacial and
alluvial soils, similar to Railroad Creek. Similar to Railroad Creek, the bedrock is generally exposed along
the valley walls and ridges, and less often within the stream drainages. The area also contains a number of
economic mineral deposits similar to the Railroad Creek drainage, but none as extensive as the Holden mine
deposit.
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8.2.3 Surface Water
8.2.3.1 Railroad Creek
General
Railroad Creek originates approximately 10 miles west of the Site, from Lyman Glacier. The creek is also
fed by precipitation and snow melt. Due to the relatively steep gradient and the presence of relatively low
permeability glacial till and/or bedrock near the surface, the creek responds relatively quickly to
precipitation events.
A number of tributaries flow into Railroad Creek between the source area and the mouth of the creek at
Lake Chelan. Normal flow measurements in the Railroad Creek at the Site vary from a low of
approximately 50 to 70 cubic feet per second (cfs) in the late winter months to approximately 500 to 700 cfs
between May and July. Record high estimated flows were 3,000 cfs at the Holden, and 3.900 cfs at Lucerne
in May 1948.
Even though the total snowfall and snow depths were near record highs in 1997, the discharge flow
measurements for Railroad Creek were determined to be within the normal range; however, the period of
higher flow measurements lasted longer than for most previous recorded years.
The gradient of Railroad Creek is relatively steep at the headwaters, flattening to less than 1.5 percent at the
Site. The gradient remains relatively constant until approximately mile 5-112 (from the mouth) where the
gradient ranges from 4.3 to 6.9 percent. At the mouth, the gradient decreases to approximately 1.5 percent.
Due to the relatively steep stream gradient, Railroad Creek is generally found to have relatively low
volumes of fine-grained sediment within the stream substrate. Areas of observed sediment deposit
downstream of the Site include a beaver pond approximately one-half mile downstream of the Site, and a ,
log jam near the confluence of Sevenmile Creek.
Streamflow Monitoring Stations
The nomenclature for the surface water sampling locations in Railroad Creek was developed utilizing a
system initially established by the USFS. The sampling station upstream of the Site was initially established
by the USFS as RC-1 (Railroad Creek station 1). The sampling station immediately downstream of the Site
was designated RC-2, and the station at the mouth of Railroad Creek was noted as RC-3. However,
subsequent stations were added during the RI as the need arose for additional data, resulting in a total of
eleven Railroad Creek stations (RC-I through RC-11). This resulted in the nomenclature of the stations not
being in numerical order from upstream to downstream. The need to compare the RI data with historical
data precluded the ability to renumber the stations.
Streamflow monitoring stations used during the RI are shown on Figures 8.2-2 and 8.2-3. Stations RC-1
(established to be upstream of the mine-affected area), RC-2 (immediately downstream of the tailings piles),
and RC-3 (at Lucerne) were continued from previous work conducted by PNL and the USFS. New stations
include RC-4 (immediately upstream of the tailings piles), RC-5 (approximately one-half mile downstream
of tailings pile 3), RC-6 (established upstream of RC-1 to confirm the upstream limit of the mine-affected
area), RC-7 (adjacent to tailings pile 2), RC-8 (established upstream of RC-3 in an attempt to collect data
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where Railroad Creek flows directly atop bedrock), RC-9 (an aquatics sampling station established upstream
of the Copper Creek confluence adjacent to tailings pile l), RC-10 (approximately three miles downstream
of tailings pile 3), and RC-11 (established imxiediate~'~ upstream of the Holden Creek confluence aAer it
was discovered that Howe Sound Company likely conducted limited mineral exploration in the Holden
Creek watershed).
Streamflow monitoring stations on Copper Creek include CC-1 upstream of the tailings piles (established by
PNL and the USFS), CC-2 near the confluence of Copper Creek and Railroad Creek (also established by
PNL and the USFS), and CC-DICC-Dl, which is the Copper Creek diversion (established at the request of
the Agencies). CC-DICC-Dl flow is diverted from Copper Creek upstream of CC-I and routed through the
hydroelectric plant. Flow from CC-DICC-Dl is also diverted for water use at Holden Village. Flow was
also monitored in the portal drainage at stations P- 1 (where the drainage flows from the mine portal) and P-5
(upstream of the confluence with Railroad Creek).
Staff gages for measuring water levels are located at stations RC-2, RC-4 and RC-6 in Railroad Creek.
Additionally, a continuously recording water level recorder (Troll) was installed in the stilling well at,RC-
4 on May 24, 1997. The Troll was removed during the winter due to the low water levels and freezing
temperatures. A staff gage is also located behind the weir that controls flow out of the hydroelectric plant
in the Copper Creek diversion.
Upstream of Site
Less than one mile upstream of the Site, Big Creek enters Railroad Creek from the south and nearly doubles
the flow when compared to Railroad Creek above the confluence. Slightly upstream of the Big Creek and
Railroad Creek confluence, Holden Creek enters Railroad Creek from the north. Holden Creek drains the
Holden Lake basin to the north and provides less than 10 percent of the total flow of Railroad Creek as
measured at the nearest downstream station (RC-6).
Adjacent to Site
Due to the difficulty in physically obtaining accurate flow measurements in the field during high flow
conditions in the May to June time period, it is not possible to determine whether Railroad Creek is
consistently in a gaining condition (water flows into the creek and gains total volume as it flows down
valley) or possibly in a losing condition (water is lost to the surrounding soil as the stream flows
downstream) for segments of the stream adjacent to the Site.
The portion of Railroad Creek between the portal drainage confluence at P-5 and RC-4 may gain or lose
minor amounts of flow during portions of the year. Further downstream, Railroad Creek adjacent to the
tailings piles is apparently in a gaining condition' during the spring runoff period. However, the portion of
the creek adjacent to tailings pile 3 is in a losing condition at least during the fall and probably through the
winter months.
Iron-oxide staining and interstitial flocculent were observed on the stream bed for the portion of Railroad
Creek from tailings pile 1 to the east end of tailings pile 3. The aquatic sampling location RC-9, upstream of
the Copper Creek confluence, was noted to be the transition zone. The creek substrate for the upstream
portion of the sampling station did not contain significant staining andlor flocculent. In contrast, the
downstream portion of the creek substrate to the east end of tailings pile 3 was predominantly stained and
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covered with flocculent. The flocculent was observed in suspension during higher stream flows created by
snow melt andlor storm events.
The Railroad Creek substrate was also observed to contain ferricrete that is cemented in isolated places.
Observations both during the RI and by others document the ferricrete to be limited to portions of the south
bank of Railroad Creek near the northwest and northeast comers of tailings pile 1 and the northwest comer
of tailings pile 2, generally coincident with the locations of seeps SP-1,2, and 3, which are further described
below.
Downstream of Site
Downstream of the Site, it appears that Railroad Creek is in a net gaining condition throughout the year.
Measured streamflows between the Site and the mouth of Railroad Creek generally increases on the order of
two to three times. Portions of Railroad Creek between mile 5-112 (measured from the mouth) to
approximately one-half mile upstream of Luceme flow directly atop bedrock. Several waterfalls, estimated
to be on the order to 50 or more feet in height, exist throughout this segment of Railroad Creek.
The last approximately one-half mile of Railroad Creek near the mouth flows atop alluvial sand and gravel.
It is likely that this portion of the creek may be losing a relatively small amount water to these alluvial
materials in which the USFS Luceme guard station water supply well is installed.
The iron-oxide staining andlor flocculent ,were observed on the creek substrate to slightly east and
downstream of the Sevenmile Creek confluence at RC- 10. Suspended iron-oxide flocculent was observed
in Railroad Creek throughout the stream reach from the Site to the mouth during spring melt and storm
events.
Results of Hydrologic Modeling
Streambank Erosion
The results of the hydrologic modeling indicated that the existing riprap height would be marginal in
protecting the tailings pile slopes during a 100-year storm event. The area with the highest potential for
overtopping by Railroad Creek was the northwest comer of tailings pile 2 immediately downstream of the
Copper Creek confluence.
Riprap Size
The results of the modeling indicated that some of the riprap is not of adequate size to prevent removal
during a 100-year event. As noted earlier in this section, the existing riprap appears to be actively eroding;
therefore, the size of the riprap will decrease over time. Areas with some riprap of marginal size included
the majority of tailings pile 1, the eastern half of tailings pile 2, and the majority of tailings pile 3. The size
of riprap immediately downstream of the confluence of Railroad Creek and Copper Creek generally
appeared adequate. The removal of inadequately sized riprap during a storm event may result in delivery of
tailings materials to Railroad Creek.
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A 500-year event was not analyzed, with or without fire and landslide upstre& scenarios; however, it is
assumed that such an event would remove additional riprap and likely result in erosion and the release of
tailings materials to Railroad Creek.
8.2.3.2 Copper Creek
The primary tributary to Railroad Creek is Copper Creek which enters Railroad Creek at the Site between
tailings piles 1 and 2. Copper Creek provides less than 10 percent of the total flow of Railroad Creek at this
location. The source of Copper Creek is the basin to the south of the Site. Due to the relatively steep
gradient and irregular substrate, it is difficult to determine whether Copper Creek is losing water adjacent to
tailings piles 1 and 2.
Groundwater measurements collected from nearby wells installed in tailings pile 2 infer a losing condition
for Copper Creek adjacent to the tailings piles for portions of the year. However, it is reported that much of
Copper Creek is diverted to the hydroelectric plant during the winter months to provide electric power for
Holden Village. Consequently, the potential for loss of wa'ter to the tailings piles is likely limited during this
period of time.
8.2.3.3 Copper Creek Diversion
Copper Creek contains a concrete weir approximately one-half mile southeast of the Site. A pipe transports
a portion of the Copper Creek water to the Holden Village hydroelectric plant located immediately west of
tailings pile 1. The water exits the plant and flows above-ground to Railroad Creek. The drainage, known
herein as the Copper Creek Diversion, comes into contact with the western limit of tailings pile 1. A portion
of the stream flows through a pond utilized by Holden Village residents and visitors for cooling off after
using the sauna facility before it also exits into Railroad Creek.
8.2.3.4 Mine Portal Discharge
1500-Level Main Portal Drainage
After the operations ceased in 1957, the lower workings of the underground mine eventually filled with
groundwater. The water now flows out of the lowermost mine opening at the 1500-level portal near the
abandoned mill facility. Weekly flow measurements were collected during the RI between May and October
1997. In addition, a data logger was installed in a weir placed at the portal opening in early October, 1997 in
order to collect nearly continuous water level readings. The measured flow rates ranged from
approximately 0.10 to 0.20 cfs (approximately 45 to 90 gallons per minute) from about September to April,
with isolated peak flows as high as 3.5 cfs (approximately 1,570 gallons per minute) during spring melt in
May and June of 1997; in comparison, peak flows for May and June of 1998 were measured to be less than
approximately 1.8 cfs (approximately 808 gallons per minute).
An analysis of precipitation data collected during the RI when compared to the portal drainage flows for the
same period indicates a relatively rapid response (within approximately one to two days) in flow rates in the
portal drainage after a precipitation event in spring through early summer. From approximately mid-summer
through fall, the influence of precipitation on portal drainage flow rates appears minimal. This suggests that
the bedrock is saturated during the spring to early summer months, and unsaturated for most of the
remainder of the year.
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It is likely that much of the water enters the mine from the ground surface through fractures andlor joints in
bedrock. The slopes above the 1100-level mine portal were mapped as being devoid of glacial soil cover,
which would limit the percolation of meteoric water into the bedrock, and eventually into the mine. In
contrast, the slopes below the 1100-level mine portal are mapped as generally covered with the glacial soil:
therefore, both the infiltration of surface water into the bedrock, as well as exfiltration from the underground
mine through fractures and joints in the bedrock, is anticipated to be limited below this level of the mine.
8.2.3.5 Surface Water RunonIRunoff Features
General
Surface water run on at the Site occurs primarily in the form of near-surface and overland flow from the
slopes to the south during the spring snowmelt period. As the snowmelt proceeds and diminishes. the run
on appears to make a transition to being predominantly subsurface flow within the near-surface soils.
Surface water runoff at the Site also varied ,seasonally. All surface water runoff was noted to eventually
flow into Railroad Creek. During the spring snowmelt period, the runoff was noted to be principally in the
form of overland flow and seeps (as noted earlier in this report, the term seeps utilized in this RI includes
surface expressions of groundwater that are sources of potential metals loading principally from the mill.
mine support, Honeymoon Heights, and tailings pile areas into Railroad Creek).
During the May to June spring snowmelt period, one area of overland flow was observed emanating from
the lagoon which collects surface water runoff from the mill and waste rock piles. In addition, 26 seeps
were observed flowing and/or collecting water during the May-June event. Later in the spring and summer
seasons, the surface water runoff decreased significantly when compared to the spring snowmelt period. In
September of 1997 and 1998, no indications of overland flow were noted and only three seeps located at the
base of the tailing piles were observed flowing. .
Western portion of Site
The principal surface water run on features observed in the mill and mine support area, including the
maintenance yard, were a series of seeps (groundwater expressions) that flow overland from the mill
building and from near the base of the two waste rock piles during the May-June event. This overland flow
discharges into the lagoon which flows directly into Railroad Creek for intermittent periods during the
spring snowmelt. However, by September, the seeps were no longer present and the lagoon no longer
contained standing water. The decrease in the water level of the lagoon results from a combination of
infiltration into the underlying soils and evaporation.
The lagoon is coincident with the mapped location of a pre-existing Railroad Creek channel before the
tailings piles were constructed. Consequently, the abandoned stream bed may be acting as a preferential
pathway for the draining of the lagoon feature. The pre-existing stream bed was observed on historic Site
maps to intersect Railroad Creek near the northwest comer of tailings pile 1, near seeps SP-1 and SP-2.
Intermittent surface water flowing adjacent to two mine waste rock piles in the Honeymoon Heights area
(1 100 and 800 levels) eventually disappears into talus rock which appears to contain some waste rock.
Intermittent seepage from the 1100-level'portal also infiltrates into the waste rock pile,adjacent to the mine
opening. The intermittent drainage from this portion of the Site appears to be coincident with overland
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i
flow associated with two seeps adjacent to Railroad Creek, seeps SP-12 and SP-23. In addition, it is possible
that some of the Honeymoon Heights intermittent drainage water migrates into the underground mine
through fractures and joints in the bedrock. A dye test was completed during the RI to test the hypothesis
that discharge from the SP-12 and SP-23 seeps and 1500-level main portal drainage are connected with the
Honeymoon Heights intermittent drainage; however, the results were inconclusive.
Eastern Portion of Site
Snow accumulates atop the tailings piles during the winter months and melts during the spring runoff
period. A series of the trenches were constructed between 1989 and 199 1 up slope and on the surface of the
tailings piles with the intent of intercepting surface water run on. and reducing the ponding of water on top
of the piles. Most of the water is conveyed in the ditches in the surface of the tailings piles which eventually
discharges either to Copper Creek or Railroad Creek. The ditch systems serve to divert water off the tailings
piles but do not prevent ponding of water in contact with tailings.
A series of three ditches were constructed on the surface of tailings pile 1. The ditches drain water to the
north to Copper Creek Diversion and to the east to Copper Creek. The ditch located in the western portion
of the tailings pile also transmits seep water which emanates from the base of the east waste rock pile. One
of the ditches present along the southern margin of the tailings pile was observed to be draining into what
appears to be an abandoned wood-lined decant tower which was not plugged during the 1989 to 1991
tailings pile rehabilitation. , .
Tailings piles 2 and 3 also have a system of drainage ditches on the surface of the piles. The ditches divert
surface water run on to the east indirectly into Railroad Creek at seep SP-2 1, east of tailings pile 3. A series
of ditches were also observed in a road cut above tailings pile 3; the ditch appears to intercept some of the
surface water run on before it comes into contact with the tailings piles. The water,that drains to the east
From tailings piles 2 and 3 enters a wetland area to the east of tailings pile 3 before eventually discharging to
Railroad Creek.
8.2.3.6 Lake Chelan
Lake Chelan is the largest and deepest natural lake in Washington State. The lake is more 50 miles long
with an average width of one mile. It is the third deepest lake in the continental United States. The deepest
portion of the lake is in the Lucerne Basin, approximately mid-way up the lake and is approximately 453
meters (1,486 feet) deep.
Railroad Creek is the second largest hydrologic source to Lake Chelan, historically contributing
approximately 10 percent of the annual input to the basin. The largest is the Stehekin River, at the northern
end of the lake. The mouth of the Railroad Creek is situated on the west side of the lake, approximately 15
miles south of the northern end of the lake. Sediments transported by Railroad Creek are deposited in a
delta near the mouth of the creek. However, the Stehekin River contributes more sediment to Lake Chelan
than does Railroad Creek.
A dam is present at the southernmost end of the lake; the dam raises the water as much as 21 feet above the
pre-dam level. During summer, the lake level is approximately 1,100 feet above sea level. When full, the
lake has an area of about 52 square miles. The water flows through the dam, over a water falls to the
Columbia River. There is no direct pathway for fish to migrate from the Columbia River to Lake Chelan.
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8.2.3.7 Aquatic Reference Reaches
The three aquatic reference reach streams are relatively similar to relevant segments of Railroad Creek in
terms of hydrologic conditions. However, the reference reach segment selected in Bridge Creek was noted
to have deeper pools than Railroad Creek. The selected segment of the South Fork of Agnes Creek was
similar in gradient and character as Railroad Creek, but with lower strearnflows. The selected segment of
Company Creek was situated near the confluence of the Stehekin River.
8.2.4 Groundwater
8.2.4.1 Railroad Creek Watershed
Groundwater within the Railroad Creek valley exists as several relatively isolated occurrences: 1) a shallow
occurrence within the near-surface sand and gravel (reworked glacial till), and perched above the less
permeable glacial till; 2) a deeper occurrence within the glacial till unit; and 3) within the bedrock.
The permeability of the uppermost occurrence is anticipated to be relatively high; it is anticipated that the
majority of near-surface groundwater occurrence is within reworked glacial till unit. Groundwater
permeability within the glacial till and bedrock are anticipated to be orders of magnitude lower than the
near-surface occurrence, but are difficult to measure due to the random distribution of fractures and/or joints
in which water flows, and the relatively low probability of intercepting these fractures during a field testing
program (i.e., drilling and monitoring well installation). Groundwater within the glacial till is likely limited
to isolated zones of higher permeability sand and gravel. The bedrock groundwater is anticipated to be
limited to fractures and joints. The groundwater within the watershed flows eventually into Railroad Creek.
8.2.4.2 Site
General
The groundwater underlying the Site generally exists as the same general three occurrences discussed above
for the Railroad Creek watershed. Groundwater and surface water conditions on the Site are considered to
be dynamic (refer to Section 4.0 for further details). Surface water infiltrates into the ground surface, travels
along surfaces of relatively low permeability soil layers such as glacial till, and either emanates from the
base of slopes as springs or seeps, or eventually enters Railroad Creek as diffuse groundwater. Groundwater
movement through the bedrock in the mine is anticipated to be significantly greater than the surrounding
non-mined bedrock. In addition, isolated groundwater occurrences exist within the tailings piles.
The groundwater levels are highest during spring snowmelt, which is reflected in the relatively frequent
occurrences of springs and seeps flowing during that period of time, and by the relatively high portal
drainage flow rates. The groundwater levels decline as the source of groundwater recharge, snowmelt and
precipitation, decrease over the summer and early fall periods. This is reflected in the reduction in measured
Site seeps from a maximum of 26 in the period of the May-June 1997, to three in September 1997, and the
reduction in discharge rates from the portal drainage, from a peak of approximately 3.5 cfs to a measured
low of approximately 0.1 cfs.
8- 1 4
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Western Portion of Site
Undermound Mine and Honemoon Heights
The bedrock underlying the Site is likely saturated (the fractures and joints are assumed to be filled with
water) during the spring snowmelt period through early summer. Water originating as snowmelt and rainfall
likely infiltrates into the upper workings of the mine through the fractures and joints in the bedrock in areas
where the bedrock is not covered with glacial till. The 1100-level is generally considered the upper limit of
the glacial till unit in the Honeymoon Heights area. A mining engineer who worked at the Site during the
period of mine operation reported that water flow into the mine was diffuse, and not focused in the areas of
mapped faults. Water was removed from the mine to the surface during operation by utilizing several
pumps and trenches, in the tunnels. Flows were reportedly higher during the spring snowmelt period.
A small volume of water seepage was observed flowing from 1100-level portal in the Honeymoon Heights
area, above the 1500-level portals. Based on the evaluation of the geochemical characteristics described in
Section 6, this seepage is assumed to be meteoric water draining through the bedrock near the tunnel
opening. The water exits the 1100-level portal and infiltrates into the 1100-level waste rock pile. The
groundwater is assumed to intercept the glacial till contact which generally prevents the water from re-
entering the bedrock groundwater system and, therefore, the underground mine. The water is assumed to
eventually enter Railroad Creek through the reworked glacial materials which are present on the valley
floor.
Surface water flow from the intermittent drainage within the avalanche chute immediately east of the 1100-
and 800-level mine portals travels downslope on the surface of the exposed bedrock before infiltrating
through a mixture of mostly talus debris and minor amounts of waste rock near the base of the slope below
the 1 100-level mine portal. Groundwater infiltrates the mixture of talus and waste rock and is assumed to
travel downslope at the contact with the relatively impermeable glacial till unit within the glacial reworked
material. The groundwater is assumed to eventually flow into Railroad Creek; a dye test was conducted
during the RI to test this hypothesis; however, the results were inconclusive.
After mining operations ceased in 1957, the underground mine eventually filled with groundwater to the
level of the lowermost mine opening at the 1500-level portal (portal drainage). The 1500-level main and
ventilator portals were surveyed as part of the RI. The 1500-level ventilator portal was determined to be
approximately 20 feet higher in elevation than the 1550-level main portal. The tunnels connect
approximately one-half mile back in the mine. The groundwater in the mine is, therefore, assumed to flow
out of the 1500-level main portal. The 1500-level ventilator tunnel has a relatively small volume of water
flowing from the portal during the spring snowmelt period (less than an estimated 5 gallons per minute).
The water observed flowing from the ventilator is assumed to be meteoric water draining through the glacial
soil near the tunnel opening.
The 1500-level main portal is partially caved at the entrance, but the caving does not currently impede the '
flow of groundwater from the mine. It is reported that during the late 1960s, a blockage prevented
groundwater discharge from the mine for a period of time. The blockage eventually broke free, resulting in
a sudden release of groundwater from the mine.
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Mill. Mine Sup~ort and Waste Rock Piles
Sources of groundwater recharge within the glaciaYalluvial deposits beneath the western portion of the Site
are melt water from the watershed and.south of the tailings piles. This component of groundwater recharge
appears to decrease afier the spring snowmelt period. Infiltration of precipitation and melt water through the
surfaces of the waste rock piles adjacent to the mill building likely contributes relatively minor amounts of
seasonal water to the near-surface groundwater occurrence beneath the western portion of the Site. Other
contributing components to the groundwater occurrence within the glaciaYalluvial soil beneath the western
portion of the Site include groundwater infiltration from overland flow between the 1500-level main portal
and the confluence at RC-4, as well as from the Copper Creek diversion (which is piped to the hydroelectric
plant and flows out above ground in a ditch to Railroad Creek) and Copper Creek.
Eastern Portion of Site
Tailings Piles
Groundwater monitoring wells installed by others were completed both within the tailings piles and in
native soil underlying the tailings materials. Groundwater levels within the tailings materials were measured
in the wells from May-June through September, 1997. The water levels in the wells completed in the
tailings materials generally consistent throughout the period, fluctuating a maximum of approximately 2
feet. A total of seven permeability (percolation) tests were completed on the surface of tailings piles 2 and 3
by Dames & Moore and others. These data indicate that the permeability of the tailings is relatively low,
with permeability values ranging from 1 x to 1 x lo-' centimeters per second (cmlsec).
In contrast, the groundwater levels in the wells installed in the native soil underlying the tailings piles tend
to fluctuate markedly throughout the May to September sampling period. The water levels in the wells
installed near the southern margin of tailings piles 2 and 3 were observed to fluctuate in excess of 30 feet.
This compares to a fluctuation of approximately 3 feet in wells installed beneath the tailings materials
nearest Railroad Creek, near the northern margin of the tailings piles.
These data strongly suggest that the groundwater within the native reworked deposits during the spring
snowmelt period occurs as two primary components: one flowing generally parallel to Railroad Creek near
the valley floor within the glacial reworked deposit; and a second component flowing downslope towards
Railroad Creek. Using vectors to illustrate the two components, the spring snowrnelt period is believed to
consist of two relatively equal vectors which are generally perpendicular to each other until the groundwater
flow pathways intersect near the valley floor to then flow eastward parallel to Railroad Creek.
Based on the results.of both two-dimensional groundwater modeling and surface water flow measurement,
the groundwater flow into Railroad Creek during MaytJune was calculated to be on the order of 5 cfs along
tailings piles 1 and 2, and 2.1 cfs along tailings pile 3. In contrast, as the snowmelt and precipitation
diminish through the summer months, the vector parallel to Railroad Creek becomes more predominant.
The groundwater flow into Railroad Creek during September was calculated to be on the order of 1.0 cfs
along tailings piles 1 and 2, and 0.4 cfs along tailings pile 3.
These changes in predominant groundwater components throughout the spring and summer months are also
reflected in groundwater levels within the near-surface soils. The spring melt water and precipitation flows
from the slopes south and above the tailings piles through the native soil beneath the tailings piles. Since the
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native soil is of higher permeability than the tailings materials, the water is relatively confined, creating a
hydrostatic head pressure in the groundwater beneath a portion of the tailings piles. The pressure likely
forces some of the groundwater upward into the tailings materials during the spring months.
However, as the snowmelt diminishes and groundwater flow decreases, the hydrostatic head decreases and
eventually diminishes. By September, and for the remainder of the fall and winter months. the groundwater
is assumed to generally flow from the tailings materials into the groundwater beneath the piles. Data
loggers installed in seven of the groundwater monitoring wells in May-June 1997 will allow further
confirmation of this phenomenon during the winter months.
8.2.5 Other Physical Site Features
8.2.5.1 Mine and Honeymoon Heights
The underground mine features were evaluated by reviewing maps completed during and after the mining
was conducted. The mine was not entered as part of the RI due to safety considerations. The review of the
mine maps indicated the presence of over 56 miles of underground workings. The majority of underground
workings below the 1500-level main portal were backfilled with tailings during the operation of the mine.
The workings above the main portal level are reported to be open and were not backfilled.
The mine includes 16 primary levels and approximately the same number of secondary levels which are
connected by two shafts and a series of inclines. The lowest level in the mine, the 2500 'level, is
approximately 800 feet below the Railroad Creek valley floor at the Site. The uppermost level of the mine,
the 300 level, is approximately 1,400 feet above the valley floor.
The majority of the mine workings were completed in the area generally beneath the 1100- to 300-level
portals; the horizontal distance of the majority of the mine workings is approximately 3,000 feet. The north
westernmost extent of the underground mine workings is on the 2325-level that was terminated beneath the
1500-level ventilator portal, and is approximately 800 feet below the valley floor. The south easternmost
extent of the mine is on the 1500-level that was terminated approximately 13,600 feet from the 1500-level
ventilator portal, and is approximately 700 to 800 feet below Copper Creek Basin. No near-surface stopes
are noted to exist on the mine and geologic maps below the 1000-level portal. The transverse faults which
intersect both of the 1500-level tunnels are noted to be covered with glacial till below the 1100-level mine
portal.
8.2.5.2 Mill, Mine Support Area, and Waste Rock Piles
The interior of the mill facility was not evaluated in depth due to safety considerations and because the
USGS had completed an assessment earlier. A sample of wall insulation was collected during the RI to
assess the presence or absence of asbestos-containing inaterials (ACMs); no ACMs were found. Some
unprocessed ore-(less than approximately 20 cub'ic yards), as well as limited quantities of concentrate, are
located in the remains of the mill building.
The maintenance building is located northwest of the mill building. The initial building was constructed by
Howe Sound Company and was utilized to maintain vehicles. The building was lost to a fire but was
replaced in the 1970s by Holden Village for maintenance of the transport vehicles and other equipment.
Petroleum hydrocarbons in the form of fuel products and lubricants are utilized in the operations. A newer
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maintenance building, which also houses the Holden Village potable water treatment system, was
constructed in 1998 to the east of the older maintenance building and to the north of the mill structure.
8.2.5.3 Winston Home Sites Underground Storage Tanks a
The assessment of the underground storage tanks (USTs) in the Winston Home Sites area documented the
presence of approximately 38 USTs and 2 above-ground storage tanks (ASTs). Test pit excavations
completed immediately down slope of eight USTs and the Winston home sites area did not detect petroleum
hydrocarbons in soil.
The tanks are not regulated under State of Washington or federal UST regulations because they are less than
1,000 gallons in size and have been used for home-related fuel storage for home heating. It has been
reported by individuals who were at Holden Village as volunteers during the 1960s that the majority of fuel
product in most, if not all, of the tanks was removed for use in Holden Village.
8.2.5.4 Potential Borrow Source Areas
The borrow source evaluation included the assessment of a rock quarry located in the eastern portion of the
Railroad Creek drainage near Dan's Camp. The quarry was utilized as the source for the rip rap placed along
the banks of Railroad Creek in 199 1. The rock exposed in the quarry was evaluated visually and with rock
soundness testing method. The rock was determined not to be of sufficient quality to be utilized in the future
as riprap.
An alternative source of rip rap was investigated in a talus slope approximately one mile east of Holden
village near the existing road to Lucerne. This potential source was evaluated by the USFS in 1989 as part
of the tailings pile rehabilitation project. The rock was found to be of adequate quality to be used as riprap.
This was supported by the findings of Dames & Moore in 1997. The source was reportedly eliminated for
consideration by the USFS due to potential dangers associated with rock fall. However, it would appear
feasible to remove the rock by incorporating all safety considerations in the design.
A source of granular borrow material was discovered in the slope immediately southeast of tailings pile 3.
Thk amount of material for future site activities, if necessary, will need to be hrther evaluated during design
in order to determine if the source is of sufficient size and quality.
8.2.6 Ecological Conditions
8.2.6.1 Aquatic Biota
The aquatic biota were evaluated by collecting both fish and benthic macroinvertebrates (aquatic insects)
from selected reaches of Railroad Creek and control areas, or reference reaches, both in the Railroad Creek
watershed and outside the watershed. Five sampling locations were selected within the segment of Railroad
Creek adjacent to and downstream of the mine tailings piles. Two sampling stations were established
upstream as control or reference sites for comparison to the reaches of Railroad Creek adjacent to and
immediately downstream of the mine tailings piles. Three reference stations, Bridge Creek, South Fork of
Agnes Creek, and Company Creek, were established in the Stehekin watershed, outside the Railroad Creek
watershed, for comparison to reaches of the downstream segment (between RC-5 and RC- 10) and the mouth
of Railroad Creek (RC-3).
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Macroinvertebrate sampling included the collection of eight replicates per site which were applied to seven
indices to measure the community health or impairment, including species richness, ratio of scrapers and
filtering collectors (types of aquatic insects), ratio of specific benthic insects species (EPT, or
Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera) to the abundance of certain specific species (Chirononmidae),
percent contribution of dominant taxa, an EPT index, a community loss index, and ratio of shredder
functional feeding group to the total number of individuals collected. The total number of organisms was
also used as an indication of community health or impairment.
The fish surveys were conducted in the Railroad Creek and the reference reaches by utilizing snorkel and
electrofishing methods in all but two of the stations. Increasing water levels resulting from a storm event
precluded sampling by electrofishing methods at the South Fork of Agnes Creek site. The presence of
spawning Kokanee salmon precluded the use of electrofishing methods at the Company Creek sampling
location.
The results of the two fish sampling methods were found to be relatively consistent. However,
electrofishing methods resulted in higher fish counts at sites where debris andlor bank overhangs were
present which reduced visibility for the snorkeling method. The number of fish presented herein is
calculated based on the actual number of fish for the sampling station area multiplied to correspond to fish
per hectare, or approximately 2-112 acres per hectare, an intern at ion;^ standard area for fish surveys.
No indications of gross abnormalities or disease were noted in the surveys completed by others (PNL, 1992)
and Dames & Moore.
The control areas or reference reach segments of Railroad Creek were selected based on the results of a
literature review, interviews with knowledgeable parties, development of key habitat variables, analysis of
candidate reaches, and a limited field reconnaissance. Observations made during the aquatic survey allowed
for a more thorough assessment of the comparability of the references with the appropriate Railroad Creek
stations adjacent to and downstream of the Site to be conducted.
The following presents the results of the RI aquatic biota survey from upstream to downstream in Railroad
Creek.
Railroad Creek Reaches
Upstream Stations RC-6 and RC- 1
RC-6 was located at the Glacier Peak Wilderness boundary, whereas RC-I was located approximately 120
meters downstream of RC-6. The sites were selected as references or controls for the segment of Railroad
Creek between RC-9 and RC-7, described below. The references for the remainder of the downstream
Railroad Creek segments are discussed later in the Stehekin River Watershed Reference Reaches subsection.
The average total number of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in the eight replicate samples at RC-6 and
RC-1 were 1006 and 1065 per square meter, respectively. The actual values in the replicate samples ranged
from 330 to 1560 per square meter at RC-6, and 650 to 1700 per square meter at RC- 1.
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The calculated total numbers of fish caught at RC-6 and RC-1 were 64 and 128 per hectare, respectively.
The fish caught were a combination of rainbow and rainbowfcutthroat hybrids. The fish length ranged from
approximately 70 to 90 millimeters.
Adjacent to Tailin~s Pile 1 RC-9
The portal drainage enters Railroad Creek approximately 1,200 meters upstreah from RC-9 and is a source
of metals loading to Railroad Creek, primarily cadmium, copper, and zinc. The RC-9 station was established
downstream of the Portal Drainage confluence (P-5), near the northeast corner of tailings pile 1,
immediately upstream of the confluence of Copper Creek. The station location was selected due to the
transition of the presence of iron-oxide staining on the substrate of the creek within the 100-meter length of
stream reach.
The average total number of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in the eight replicate samples was 330 per
square meter. However, the actual values in the replicate samples ranged from 10 per square meter at within
the area of iron-oxide staining and flocculent (suspended iron-oxide precipitate) to 15 10 per square meter at
in upstream portion of the sampling station without staining.
The species of aquatic insects also changed from the upstream to downstream portions of the sampling
station. The number of organisms that feed by collecting detrital materials in the stream substrate were
reduced in the area of iron-oxide staining. However, three species of filter feeding insects were found
unique to the segments of the RC-9 and RC-7 sampling stations which contained the iron-oxide staining.
This is considered significant because filter feeders are generally more affected by contaminants in the water
column due to their greater exposure to water. In addition, bioassays were completed by Ecology (Johnson,
et al. 1997) utilizing a sensitive filter feeder, cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia) and Railroad Creek water collected
upstream, immediately downstream of the tailings, approximately three miles downstream of the site, and at
the mouth of Railroad Creek; the results indicated no adverse effects.
The total calculated number of fish caught at RC-9 were 114 per hectare. The fish caught were exclusively
cutthroat trout. The lengths of fish ranged from approximately 180 to 260 millimeters. The fish were all
caught outside the iron-oxide stained area.
Adiacent to Tailings Pile 3 (RC-7)
The RC-7 sampling station was located adjacent to tailings pile 3, upstream of the RC-2 water quality
station. The sampling site was situated in an area of iron-oxide staining and flocculent.
The average total number of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in the eight replicate samples was 64 per
square meter. The actual values in the replicate samples ranged from 10 per square meter to 140 per square
meter. As noted above at the RC-9 station, three species of filter feeding insects were found unique to the
RC-7 sampling station.
The calculated number of fish caught at RC-9 were 10 per hectare, and exclusively cutthroat trout. The
length was approximately 180 millimeters.
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Above Tenmile Creek Confluence (RC-5)
The RC-5 sampling station was located approximately 500 ,meters downstream of tailings pile 3,
immediately upstream of the Tenmile Creek confluence. The amount of iron-oxide staining and flocculent
affects was less than observed at RC-7.
The average total number of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in the eight replicate samples was 52 per
square meter. The actual values in the replicate samples ranged from 20 per square meter to 150 per square
meter.
The total calculated number of fish caught at RC-5 was 20 per hectare, and exclusively cutthroat trout. The
fish length ranged fiom approximately 180 to 2 15 millimeters.
Sevenmile Creek Confluence (RC- 10)
The RC-I0 station was located approximately 5 kilometers downstream of tailings pile 3, near the
confluence of Sevenmile Creek. Iron-oxide staining was noticeable at this sampling site; however, no
indications of a iron-oxide flocculent were noted at the time of sampling.
The average total number of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in the eight replicate samples was 75 per
square meter. The actual values in the replicate samples ranged from 20 per square meter to 1 10 per square
meter.
The total calculated number of fish caught at RC- I0 was 153 per hectare, and exclusively cutthroat trout.
The fish length ranged fiom approximately 30 to 200 millimeters. The smaller fish were "first of the year"
which are normally more sensitive to toxicity than larger fish.
Approximately 100 Meters Upstream of Mouth (RC-3)
The RC-3 station was located approximately 100 meters upstream of the mouth of Railroad Creek.
The average total number of benthic macroinvertebrate populations collected in the eight replicate samples
was 381 per square meter. The actual values in the replicate samples ranged from 210 per square meter to
540 per square meter.
The total calculated number of fish caught at RC-3 were 153 per hectare. The species of fish caught
included cutthroat trout and sculpin. The length of cutthroat was approximately 110 millimeters. Isolated
pockets of gravel potentially suitable as spawning habitat were observed; however, the areas were
considered small and marginal for use during spawning.
Even though the RC-3 station provided limited habitat for spawning, Kokanee salmon were observed
spawning throughout the reach. Salmon are not allowed to be caught when spawning. Consequently, the
number and sizes of salmon in this reach could not be determined for the aquatic survey.
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Reference Reaches - Upstream Railroad Creek
RC-1. and RC-6 as References for. RC-9 and RC-7
Control areas or reference reach segments of Railroad Creek were selected in order to evaluate the aquatic
biota data collected from the segments of Railroad Creek adjacent to and downstream of the site. The
selection process was based on ten primary factors, including channel slope, valley width, watershed area
size, presence of glaciers, presence of lakes, dominant geology, elevation, drainage network, aspect, and
presence of downstream fish barriers. Based on these criteria, it was discovered that the pool of candidate
reference streams were situated both upstream of the site within the Railroad Creek watershed and in the
North Lake Chelan Basin, north of the Railroad Creek watershed.
It appears that the stream and habitat conditions observed at the RC-6 and RC-1 sampling stations are
generally similar to those observed at the RC-9 and RC-7 stations in Railroad Creek, and are, therefore,
considered appropriate control or reference reaches. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities appear
suppressed within the reach of Railroad Creek that extends adjacent to tailings piles 1, 2, 3, compared to
the reference stations based on the 1997 aquatic sampling results. While the density of benthic
macroinvertebrates at station RC-7 indicates an affected community, it should be noted that the RC-9
sampling station includes an apparent transition into the influence of tailings pile seepage originating near
the south bank of the sampling station. The downstream portion of the station has obvious indication of
staining fiom the tailings pile seeps, while the upstream portion is relatively free of any staining or
flocculent-like material on the substrate. Of the eight benthic macroinvertebrate samples collected at this
station, four were collected either upstream fiom the initial staining or near the north bank, while the
remaining four were collected within the staining or along the south bank. The density of benthic
macroinvertebrates within the samples collected upstream or along the north bank ranged from 260 to
1,s 10 organisms per m2, while the density of benthic macroinvertebrates within the staining or along the
south bank ranged from 10 to 300 organisms per m2. The benthic macroinvertebrate results indicate that
the communities may be similar to the reference communities, while those immediately downstream of
the flocculent are reduced compared to the reference stations.
The 1997 fish survey results at RC-9 and RC-7 varied widely between the two stations (RC-9, 114
trouthectare and RC-7, 10 trouthectare); however, the density of trout at RC-9 was within the range of
the reference trout densities (64-93 troutfhectare). As indicated by the habitat evaluation scores, station
RC-9 had the least desirable habitat (score 77) of all stations sampled, while RC-7 had the third lowest
score (94). The reference stations for the reach, RC-6 and RC- 1 scored 1 1 1 and 105, respectively.
Water quality samples were not collected at RC-9 during the 1997 investigation. The results of samples
collected from RC-7 indicate exceedances of water quality criteria for acute toxicity during April (zinc),
May (cadmium, copper, and zinc), and July (copper and zinc). Based on the benthic macroinvertebrate
sampling results from RC-9, the physical conditions of the substrate within these stations may also
adversely influence these communities. Comparison of the individual benthic macroinvertebrate and fish
sampling results with the iron-stained and non-iron stained portions of RC-9 indicate that the occurrence
of iron flocculent within a portion of the reach has a greater influence on fish and macroinvertebrate
populations than dissolved metal concentrations.
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Reference Reaches - Stehekin River Watershed
Three stream reaches approximately 100 meters in length were selected within the Stehekin River watershed
as references for the other remaining downstream reaches of Railroad Creek. The selection of the reference
reaches was difficult due to the relatively unique conditions in Railroad Creek below the Site.
The reference reach aquatic sampling program also included the collection of surface water samples in order
to assess potential influences of water quality on the populations of benthic macroinvertebrates and fish.
Bridge Creek and South Fork of Agnes Creek as References for RC-5 and RC- 10
During the RI, it was discovered that the segment of Railroad Creek between RC-5 and RC-10 was unique
relative to the Railroad Creek upstream reference stations (RC-6 and RC- I), and with respect to gradient
(channel slope), watershed area size, and elevation. Consequently, it was decided to attempt to bracket the
RC-5 and RC- 10 conditions by selecting two reference reaches: one site on the South Fork of Agnes Creek,
which was smaller than the relevant stations on Railroad Creek, and one site on Bridge Creek, which was
larger than the relevant stations on Railroad Creek.
The Bridge Creek site was located approximately six miles upstream of the confluence of the Stehekin
River, at Sixmile Camp. The average total number of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in the eight
replicate samples were 997 per square meter. The actual values in the replicate samples ranged from 500
per square meter to 1820 per square meter. The total calculated number of fish caught at the Bridge Creek
site were 398 per hectare, predominantly cutthroat trout. The fish length ranged from approximately 10 to
250 millimeters. The majority of the fish at the Bridge Creek site were collected in one pool five to six feet
deep.
The South Fork of Agnes Creek site was located immediately downstream of the Swamp ~ieek
confluence. The average total number of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in the eight replicate
samples was 1058 per square meter. The actual values in the replicate samples ranged from 490 per
square meter to 1580 per square meter. The total calculated number of fish caught at the Bridge Creek
site were 67 per hectare, and a predominantly rainbow trout.
The South Fork Agnes Creek and Bridge Creek stations appear generally comparable to the RC-5 and RC-
10 stations in Railroad Creek. However, the majority of fish at the Bridge Creek station were caught in a
large pool. The presence of the pool. had a bearing on the numbers of fish caught. Since similar pools were
not present at the South Fork Agnes Creek, RC-5 and RC-10 stations, the fish data from the Bridge Creek
station are likely not comparable to these stations.
Benthic macroinvertebrate communities within RC-5a (52 organisms/m2) and RC- 10 (75 organisms/m2)
appear suppressed compared to the respective refFnce stations BC-1 and SFAC-I (997 and 1,058
organismslm2, respectively) based on the 1997 aquatic sampling results. The substrate throughout - both of
these stations contains a flocculent material that is readily suspended when disturbed. Surface water
samples collected from RC-7 during the 1997 investigation indicate that water quality criteria for acute
toxicity were exceeded during April (zinc), May (cadmium, copper and lead), and July (copper and zinc).
The reduced density of benthic macroinvertebrates may be the result of water quality conditions at RC-5a;
however, although the criteria were never exceeded at RC- 10. Benthic macroinvertebrate density at RC-
10 is similar to that of RC-5a. The reduced density of benthic macroinvertebrates coincident with the
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apparent lack of aquatic toxicity at RC-5a suggests that this reduction is more attributed tot he physical
presence of flocculent.
Fish survey results indicate reduced numbers at RC-5a (20 troutha)) compared to the reference densities
of 59 and 384 troutlha. However, trout density at RC-10 (92 troutha) was greater than the density
estimated for South Fork Agnes Creek (59 troutha). Additionally, four O+ year class trout (typically the
life stage most sensitive to metals toxicity) were collected at RC-I0 which may reflect the lack of water
quality criteria exceedances. Habitat evaluation scores were slightly higher at the reference stations.
Reference stations BC-I and SFAC-I scored the highest of all aquatic sampling stations at 120 and 113,
respectively. The onsite stations RC-5a and RC-10 scored slightly higher than the median score for all
stations at 1 10 and 108, respectively.
Comoanv Creek as a Reference for RC-3
The RC-3 station at the mouth of Railroad Creek was also discovered to be unique relative to the Railroad
Creek upstream reference stations (RC-6 and RC-I), primarily with respect to gradient (channel slope),
watershed area size, elevation, and its proximity to Lake Chelan (inhabited by a naturally reproducing
population of kokanee salmon). The only site, within the pool of candidate reference sites, remotely
similar to RC-3 was a site on lower Company Creek. This lower Company Creek site was initially
eliminated from the pool of reference sites because only five of the ten parameters were considered
comparable to the RC-3 site. However, because no other site was considered more comparable to RC-3 it
was subsequently decided that aquatic data would be collected at the lower Company Creek site and
analyzed for possible use.
The Company Creek station was situated immediately downstream of the Chelan County PUD hydroelectric
plant, and immediately upstream of the confluence of the Stehekin River, which is a spawning ground for
Kokanee salmon. The average total number of benthic macroinvertebrates collected in the eight replicate
samples was 1266 per square meter. The actual values in the replicate samples ranged from 670 per square
meter to 2950 per square meter. The total calculated number of fish caught at the Bridge Creek site was 571
per hectare, predominantly rainbow trout. The fish length ranged From approximately 10 to 250 millimeters.
Kokanee salmon were observed but not caught due to the sampling taking place during the spawning period.
Based on the comparison with only one reference station, RC-3 appears to have reduced benthic
macroinvertebrate densities. However, the Company Creek reference station was selected primarily to
reflect conditions of a stream that was or could be frequented by spawning kokanee. As such,
comparisons with the combined reference stations (non-Railroad Creek) provide a better indication of the
benthic macroinvertebrate community conditions expected in lower Railroad Creek. Comparing the
benthic macroinvertebrate results from RC-3 with the average densities of CC- I, BC- 1, and SFAC-I
indicates a reduction of approximately 34%. Water quality criteria were exceeded during April and May,
leaving relatively suitable conditions during the summer and fall months for colonization of benthic
macroinvertebrates.
Fish survey results at RC-3 indicated reduced trout density compared to the reference station (CC-I).
RC-3 densities were approximately 25% lower than those estimated for CC- 1. The habitat evaluation
score at RC-3 was 93, the second lowest score of all aquatic sampling stations, compared to a score of
108 for CC- 1 indicating possibly less desirable habitat than CC- 1. Surface water samples collected at RC-
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DAMES & MOORE

3 during the 1997 investigation indicate that water quality criteria for acute toxicity were exceeded during
April (zinc) and May (copper and zinc). The relatively lower habitat quality and the presence of
dissolved metals (primarily copper and zinc) at RC-3 may contribute to the reduced trout population as
compared to CC-I; however, trout populations at RC-3 were greater than the upstream reference reach
(RC-6/RC- 1) within Railroad Creek.
The Company Creek reference station is not comparable to the RC-3 station on Railroad Creek for a number
of reasons. The most significant being the proximity of the creek to the Stehekin River. which is a salmon
spawning ground. In contrast, RC-3 is located immediately upstream of Lake Chelan which is a deep water
body and not a fish spawning habitat. The stream substrate for Company Creek is also relatively high
gradient with numerous large cobbles and boulders which provide excellent trout habitat, and is dissimilar
from the RC-3 station. Consequently, the aquatic data collected at the Company Creek station are not
considered directly comparable to those of the RC-3 station.
Precipitation Affects on Benthic Macroinvertebrates
It appears that periods of precipitation have an affect on the benthic macroinvertebrates results. The aquatic
stations were sampled starting upstream at RC-6 and proceeded downstream to RC-3. After aquatic
sampling at RC-10 was conducted, and before sampling at RC-3 was initiated, a storm event occurred which
resulted in precipitation and increased stream flows in Railroad Creek. Afier the sampling was completed at
RC-3, a series of additional benthic macroinvertebrate samples was collected at RC-6 within 24 hours of the
precipitation event. The influence of precipitation affects on the benthic macroinvertebrates illustrates the
variability and lack of precision for the benthic macroinvertebrate population estimating method employed.
which is considered the scientific standard. Therefore, the data reflect the natural variability in the benthic
macroinvertebrate communities of the Stehekin River drainage.
8.2.6.2 Terrestrial Biota and Wildlife
The RI included an assessment of the terrestrial biota in the area of the Site. For wildlife purposes, the Site
and surrounding area was regarded as five sub-areas based on cover type. These sub-areas consisted of the
mine tailings, the north-facing slopes and old mine surface workings, the south-facing slopes, the riparian
area upstream of the tailings, the riparian area downstream of the tailings, and the tailings themselves.
The vegetation consisted of north-aspect coniferous forest in the area south of the mill and tailings piles,
south-aspect coniferous forest and open areas to the north of Holden Village, upstream riparian habitat west
of the baseball field and campground, downstream riparian east of tailings pile 3, and the tailings piles with
sparse planted and volunteer coniferous trees, deciduous trees and shrubs, and various grasses, forbs, and
sedges.
Terrestrial wildlife observed on the Site was generally consistent with the surrounding area. All of the
species were either observed andlor assumed to utilize the tailings piles at times.
Potentially federal- and state-listed and candidate species potentially occurring in the vicinity of the Site
include the Westslope cutthroat trout which is listed as a Species of Federal concern. This species of
cutthroat trout is found in Railroad Creek. However, the Westslope cutthroat has not been listed as
threatened and/or endangered. The peregrine falcon, bald eagle, northern spotted owl, gray wolf, grizzly
bear, lynx are listed as Special Status Species and have been observed in the Railroad Creek watershed.
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& MOORE

8.3 SITE CONTAMINANT CHARACTERIZATION
8.3.1 Introduction
Site surface and subsurface soil, surface water, groundwater, seeps, sediment, and flocculent were analyzed
principally for organic compounds as outlined in the Draft Work Plan, and Sampling and Analysis Plans.
Additional select areas and matrices were analyzed for organic compounds. This section summarizes the
designation of potential compounds of concern (PCOC). The designation of a matrix as a PCOC indicates
that it exceeds a regulatory standard for screening purposes only, but does not necessarily signify that the
compound presents risk to human health and the environment. A complete discussion of the results of each
sample matrix was previously provided in Section 5.0, and the results of the human health and ecological
risk assessment are presented in Section 7.0.
8.3.2 Soil
8.3.2.1 Mine Support Area
Maintenance Yard
Surface Soils
Arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, and total petroleum hydrocarbons were identified in five soil samples
as PCOCs.
Subsurface Soils
Total petroleum hydrocarbons were identified in two subsurface samples as PCOCs.
Lagoon
Surface Soils
Beryllium, iron, and total petroleum hydrocarbons were identified as PCOCs in one soil sample collected in
the lagoon.
Subsurface Soils
Cadmium, copper, lead, iron, and total petroleum hydrocarbons were identified as PCOCs in ten subsurface
soil samples collected in the lagoon.
8.3.2.2 Tailings Piles
Surface Soils
Iron was identified as a PCOC in nine surface soil samples collected from the tailings piles.
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.

Subsurface Soils
Cadmium, copper, and iron were identified as PCOCs in thirteen subsurface soil samples collected from the
tailings piles.
8.3.2.3 Wind-blown Tailings
Iron was identified as a PCOC in five samples collected of wind-blown tailings downwind of the tailings
piles.
8.3.2.4 Holden Village
Beryllium and iron were identified as PCOCs in nine surface soil samples collected in Holden Village
(included four historical soil samples collected by others).
8.3.2.5 Baseball FieldICampground Area
Iron was identified as a PCOC in one surface soil sample collected in the baseball field.
8.3.2.6 Holden USFS Guard Station
Arsenic was identified as a PCOC in one sample collected and analyzed fiom the Holden USFS Guard
Station.
8.3.3 Surface Water
Surface water samples were collected in April. MayIJune, July, and SeptemberIOctober in order to
characterize water quality during the low flow conditions, the rising limb of the hydrograph, the peak and
declining limb of the hydrograph, and low flow conditions which are expected to generally persist between
September and March when spring thaw begins. The samples were analyzed for total recoverable and
dissolved metals and conventional parameters as discussed in detail in Section 5.0. Three of the Railroad
Creek stations were also analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and total petroleum hydrocarbons
(TPH as gasoline, diesel, and heavier than diesel'range).
8.3.3.1 Railroad Creek
Upstream of Site
Data from upstream stations were analyzed statistically and the 90' percentile concentrations were
calculated and then compared to water quality criteria. The area background concentrations (as determined
by the total data set) for arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron. lead, mercury, nickel,
selenium, silver, and zinc were compared to WQC. For those metals requiring hardness correction,
background values were compared to the WQC using a minimum hardness of 6.7 ppm. This value was
selected as it is representative of the lower hardness values obtained in the R1 data and provides the most
conservative WQC levels. Hardness concentration in Railroad Creek varied fiom 6.7 to 31 mg/L
dependent upon the station location and sampling event. The lowest hardness values generally occurred
in stations upstream of the Holden Mine. The background values were also compared to WQC based on
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25 pprn hardness as this is the minimum hardness allowed for WQC under the federal guidance when
actual hardness values are below 25 ppm. The WQC and background values are summarized below.
Metal
Arsenic
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury*
Selenium
Silver
Zinc
Background
Concentration
( P m
0.9
0.07
c0.2
1.06
0.54
0.0006610.05
~0.2
4.04
7.81
*CWQC is based on total metals (0.00066 p&). AWQC is based on dissolved metals (0.05 pa).
WQC
(P@)
(hardness 25 ppm)
Based on 6.7 ppm, lead and silver background concentrations (0.54 pg/L and c0.04 pg/L) may exceed the
WQC. The lead background value of 0.54 pg/L is likely enhanced due to the suspected laboratory
contamination previously discussed. However, if 0.54 pg/L is considered background, the value exceeds
the CWQC of 0.12 pg/L if hardness is 6.7 ppm. In the case of silver, the detection limit currently
achievable by modification of standard methods is 0.04 pg/L. With a hardness of 6.7 ppm, this detection
limit will exceed the AWQC of 0.030 pg/L. The background copper concentration (1.06 pg/L) is only
slightly below the WQC at a hardness of 6.7 ppm. Based on a minimum hardness of 25 ppm, the
statistically derived background values are below acute and chronic WQC.
For those metals where WQC are not established, data were compared to MTCA Method B cleanup
levels. Calculated background values did not exceed MTCA Method B cleanup levels.
Adjacent and Downstream of Site
WQC
(P@)
(hardness 6.7 ppm)
AWQC
3 60
0.20
60
1.3
3.1
2.4
144
20
0.030
12
AWQC
360
0.82
180
4.6
14
2.4
440
20
0.32
35
CWQC
190
0.37
57
3.5
0.54
0.012
49
5
NE
32 -
Listed below are the dissolved metals that were above the AWQC and CWQC during the five sampling
events.
Listed below are the dissolved metals that were above the State of Washington AWQC and CWQC, which
are based on actual hardness values during the RI sampling events in 1997 and 1998.
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CWQC
190
0.14
19
1.1
0.12
0.0 12
16
5
NE
11
0

Station'
RC-4
RC-7
RC-2
RC-5
RC-10
RC-8
RC-3
April 1997
>AWOC/>CWOC
Cu, Z d Cu, Zn
(Fe) ZnICd, Zn
(Fe) ZdCd, Zn
(Fe) ZdCd, Zn
Not Sampled
None
NoneJZn*
MayIJune 1997
>AWOC/>CWOC
Cd, Cu, ZdCd. Cu, Pb, Zn
Cd, Cu, ZdCd, Cu, Pb, Zn
Cd, Cu, ZdCd, Cu, Zn
Cd, Cu, ZnICd Cu, Zn
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
Cu, Zn*/Cy Zn*
July 1997
>AWOC/2CWOC
Cu. Zn*/Cu. Pb, Zn*
Cu, Zn*/Cu. Pb, Zn*
Cy Zn*lCu, Zn*
Cu, Zn*/Cu, Zn*
Not Sampled
Not Sampled
None
' South bank samples not included
(Fe)- lron is listed as criteria without reference to chronic or acute status.
SeptemberIOctober
1997
>AWOC/>CWOC
NondPb
(Fe) NondPb
(Fe) ZdZn
(Fe) ZdZn
None
CdICd, Pb
None
May 1998
>AWOCI>CWOC
Cd, Cu. ZdCd. Cu. Zn
Cd. Cu. ZdCd, Cu. Zn
Cd, Cu, ZdCd. Cu. Zn
Cd. Cu, ZnICd. Cu. Zn
Cu ZdCd, Cu. Zn
Not Sampled
Cu. ZdCu. Zn
Where zinc is marked with an asterisk (Zn*) in the above table, the exceedance of WQC could have been
affected by the introduction of zinc during the field filtration process. Therefore, zinc concentrations at RC-
3 and zinc concentrations detected in July 1997 should only be considered "apparent" exceedances.
Samples collected from the south banks at RC-4 and RC-2 in 1997 were compared to samples collected
across the width of the creek. Concentrations of aluminum, cadmium, copper, manganese, and zinc detected
on the south bank of RC-4 during May 1997 were above concentrations detected across the creek width.
Concentrations of the other metals in July and September were similar between the bank and creek width
samples, with the exception of copper. Data collected from the south bank at RC-2 were similar to data
collected from the width of the creek.
The south bank results from RC-4 and RC-2 were compared to state and federal WQC. Metals above WQC
in May, June, and July were generally comparable to the metals above WQC in samples collected across the
creek width. The September 1997 data compared to state WQC indicate that copper and zinc at RC-4 and
zinc at RC-2 are above WQC. The data from RC-4 indicate that copper is also above federal WQC during
this'timeframe.
In general, concentrations in the upstream stations did not fluctuate with seasonal or stream flow variations.
lron and,hardness were inversely proportional to stream flow. Metal concentrations at the adjacent and
downstream stations were generally higher that the upstream locations. The widest variation occurred in
May. Concentrations were often similar by September. Most metal concentrations increased downstream
of RC-1 at RC-4. Concentrations fiom RC-4 to RC-2 were similar or slightly decreased with the exception
of iron; which increased substantially at RC-7. The concentrations of metals decreased from RC-2 down to
RC-3.
8.3.3.2 Portal Drainage
The portal d;ainage .reflects overland flow groundwater discharge fiom the underground mine. Water
samples were collected during MayIJune, July, and Septemberfoctober 1997, and May 1998 events. The
data collected from the portal drainage and the analytical indicate seasonality in exceedances of applicable
regulatory thresholds, as tabulated below.
Data collected at P-1 (portal) and P-5 (portal drainage confluence with Railroad .Creek) were compared to
WQC for surface water (WAC 173-201A) and MTCA Method B cleanup levels for surface' water.
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Additionally, the data at P-1 were also compared to Washington State ground water criteria (WAC 173-
200) and MTCA Method B cleanup levels for groundwater. The following PCOCs were identified at P- 1
and P-5.
Surface
Water
Criteria
Groundwater
Criteria
Locations
P- 1
P-5
P-l
8.3.3.3 Copper Creek Diversion
The Copper Creek diversion reflects water which is diverted fiom Copper Creek upstream of the Site and
flows through the hydroelectric plant. The water was sampled during the April, MayIJune, July, and
SeptemberIOctober events. The results of the analyses indicate that concentrations of cadmium, copper, and
zinc were above regulatory thresholds for the spring sampling event only.
8.3.3.4 Copper Creek
July 1997
Cd Cu. Pb, Zn, pH
Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, pH
Cd, Cu. Pb, Zn, SO4,
PH
September 1997
Cd, Cu, Zn
Cd, Zn, pH
Cd. SO4, TOS
' May 1998
Cd. Cu. Pb. Zn, pH
Cd. Cu. Pb. Zn, pH
Cd. Cu, Fe. Pb. Zn, So4,
TOS. pH
Copper Creek, both upstream and adjacent to the tailings piles, was sampled during the MaylJune, July, and
SeptemberlOctober events. No PCOCs were identified for Copper Creek.
8.3.3.5 Lake Chelan
May 1997
Be, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, pH
Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, pH
As, Be, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn,
Sod, pH
Water quality samples were collected by Ecology in Lake Chelan near the mouth of Railroad Creek in 1989.
The samples were analyzed only for arsenic, iron, and zinc. All of the results were noted to be below
applicable aquatic.life, water quality, and drinking water standards.
8.3.3.6 Aquatic Reference Reaches
Water quality samples were collected during the aquatic biota surveys conducted during the
SeptemberlOctober event. The sampling was completed at one site each on Bridge Creek, South Fork of
Agnes Creek, and Company Creek. At the South Fork of Agnes Creek station, lead and silver were detected
at or slightly above chronic and acute criteria, respectively.
8.3.4 Groundwater
Groundwater samples were collected fiom selected groundwater monitoring wells installed across the
tailings piles and a small portion of the western portion of the Site by others in 1991 and 1994; the western
portion of the Site is defined as the general area to the west of the Copper Creek Diversion and southwest of
tailings pile 1. Seeps were also sampled across the Site and the data were used to assess groundwater
quality. The wells and seeps were sampled during the MayIJune and SeptemberIOctober 1997events. In
addition, selected seeps were again sampled during the May 1998 event.
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8.3.4.1 Western Portion of Site
During the MayIJune 1997 sampling events, the results of the analysis indicated concentrations of cadmium,
copper, and zinc above groundwater regulatory threshold (MTCA Method B) for the western portion of the
Site. Two seeps sampled below the west waste rock pile (SP-6 and SP-I5E) were found to have
concentrations of beryllium and manganese slightly above the MTCA groundwater levels, respectively.
Seeps SP-11 contained arsenic and SP-IOE contained iron above groundwater threshold levels.
The results of the SeptemberIOctober 1997 sampling event detected concentrations of cadmium, copper, and
zinc below those measured during the MayIJune sampling events, but above groundwater MTCA Method B
levels.
8.3.4.2 Eastern Portion of Site
During the MayIJune sampling events, the results of the analyses indicated that concentrations of cadmium,
copper, iron, and zinc were above the MTCA Method A or B groundwater levels. The area of the highest
groundwater concentrations was found in tailings pile 1. The concentrations in wells and seeps associated
with tailings piles 2 and 3 were generally lower than for tailings pile 1. For tailings piles 1 and 2.
concentrations of cadmium, copper, arsenic, beryllium, manganese, iron, and zinc were also detected
slightly above the groundwater regulatory levels. For tailings pile 3, lead, beryllium, manganese, cadmium,
copper, and iron were detected above the groundwater regulatory levels.
In comparison, the results of the SeptemberIOctober sampling detected higher concentrations of iron, and
lower concentrations of the other metals found in the MayIJune sampling event at all tailings piles.
Cadmium, copper, arsenic, manganese and iron were detected above the groundwater regulatory criteria for
tailings piles 1 and 2. Iron and manganese exceeded groundwater MTCA levels were detected for tailings
pile 3 for the SeptemberIOctober event. iron concentrations were generally much higher in the eastern
portion of the Site during the SeptemberlOctober sampling event than during the MayIJune event.
8.3.4.3 Lucerne USFS Guard Station Well
The water supply well located at the USFS Guard Station in Lucerne was sampled during the
SeptemberIOctober event. The results of the analyses indicated concentrations of iron slightly above the
secondary MCL (less than 20 percent higher), a non-health based standard.
8.3.5 Sediment
8.3.5.1 Railroad Creek
Sediment in Railroad Creek was observed to consist primarily of relatively large grain size gravel, cobbles,
and boulders. The grain size of the stream substrate decreases slightly from the Site to the mouth of
Railroad Creek. Stream sediment samples were collected by others in 1994, 1995, and 1996. The results
indicate a general increase in iron, zinc, and copper concentrations from upstream of the Site to River Mile
7. However, the metal concentrations were below the Ecology freshwater sediment quality guidance value
(FSQV).
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8.3.5.2 Lucerne Bar & Stehekin River Bar
Sediment was collected from near the mouth of Railroad Creek at Lucerne Bar and a reference site near
the mouth of the Stehekin River, approximately 10 miles north of Lucerne Bar in Lake Chelan. The
results indicate concentrations of zinc slightly above FSQVs (approximately 5 percent higher)for one
sample out of 12 collected at Lucerne Bar; the sample was collected near the eastern margin of the study
area. All others metal concentrations were below FSQVs.
8.3.6 Other Media
8.3.6.1 Ferricrete
Three samples of femcrete were collected during the RI to characterize the chemistry to assess the
formation of the deposits. The samples were collected from the areas near seeps located northwest and
northeast of tailings pile. Iron was the dominant metal present, followed by lessor concentrations of
aluminum, magnesium, calcium, and copper.
8.3.6.2 Flocculent
Three samples of flocculent were collected during the RI from the substrate in Railroad Creek to assess the
formation of the precipitates. The flocculent was similar in metals composition to femcrete, but generally
contained a higher proportion of iron (up to 43 percent higher).
8.3.6.3 Portal Film
Two samples of film or flocculent were collected from the portal drainage substrate. One sample was
collected each during the July and SeptemberIOctober 1997 events. Aluminum was the dominant metal in
the portal film, followed by iron, calcium, copper, and zinc. Aluminum was approximately twice as high in
July when compared to September/October. Zinc and copper were higher by approximately two times in
September/October as compared to July.
8.3.6.4 Air
Air samples were collected as part of the pre- and post-construction monitoring associated with the tailings
pile rehabilitation project completed at the Site by the USFS between 1989 and 1991. A dust bucket study
was completed between 1974 and 1976; however, the dust was not chemically characterized. The post-
construction sampling consisted of establishing air monitoring stations both west and east of the Site, as well
as on top of the tailings piles. The results indicate that the metals of highest concentrations were aluminum,
calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium. These data were utilized to evaluate potential risk as
discussed in a later subsection.
8.4 CONTAMINANT PATHWAYS AND CHEMICAL LOADING
8.4.1 General
The contaminant pathways were evaluated based on the potential sources of contaminants and chemistry as
discussed in the previous subsection. This discussion presents the contaminant pathways for the western
and eastern portions of the Site, and Railroad Creek. The western portion of the Site principally includes the
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*.

0
mine, Honeymoon Heights, the waste rock piles, mill building, maintenance yard, and lagoon feature. The
eastern portion of the Site principally includes the three tailings piles, the Copper Creek diversion. and
Copper Creek. The remaining pathway analyzed was Railroad Creek from the Site to Lake Chelan. The
detailed results of the transport and fate analyses are presented in Section 6.0. The following discussion is a
summary of the findings.
8.4.2 Overview of Site Geochemistry
Consistent geochemical processes are occurring across the Site including iron sulfide mineral oxidation,
oxidation of sphalerite and chalcopyrite, and metal attenuation. Specific controls include the release of
heavy metals (iron, copper, zinc, cadmium), the release of metals exerting pH control (iron, aluminum). and
seep chemistry for different facilities reflecting different rock types (mine vs. tailings). This dictates the
difference between water chemistry in the east and west parts of the Site. The underground mine. waste
rock piles and mill building area are dominated by the effect of residual zinc and copper mineralization.
whereas the tailings piles are dominated by iron sulfides and associated iron alumino-silicates.
Host rock mineralogy is the primary control in water chemistry at the Site. Weathering of these minerals,
especially sulfide minerals, dominates Site water chemistry. Non-sulfide mineralogy of the tailings is
expected to be dominated by minerals contained in the ore and in diabase dikes whereas the mine wail rocks
are dominated by biotite schist.
Secondary mineralization and precipitates produced by weathering processes are visibly evident throughout
the Site, including orange brown iron stains (iron oxyhydroxides) on waste rock and tailings, white
precipitates (amorphous aluminum hydroxide) in the 1500-level main portal drainage, green stain (copper
carbonate) on marble waste rock in the waste rock piles, and efflorescent crusts (metal sulfates) in the mill
building and where seepage emerges along the toes of the tailings piles.
The oxidation of sulfide minerals is releasing iron and acid to surface water drainages. Buffering of acidity
is occurring by the reaction of waters with alumino-silicates. This limits the solubility of some metals (e.g.,
iron) but also allows pH to be low enough to solubilize copper. However, since alumino-silicates are
.
abundant, buffering occurs close to the source of acid generation.
Source controls reflect the differences in oxygen availability and water flow. Portions of the underground
mine are likely well-oxygenated through the winter months due to airflow induced by temperature
differences between the underground mine and the ambient air, and may therefore be actively oxidizing in
open stopes above the 1500-level of the mine. Random water flow in fractures dissolves weathering
products, some of which are discharged in the 1500-level main portal drainage, and some of which are
stored as salts formed by evapo-concentration. Discharge water reflects precipitation of iron in the workings
and precipitation of aluminum within the mine and in the portal drainage and Railroad Creek. The tailings
piles are only oxygenated near the surface. Chemical processe; leading to the release of heavy metals occur
primarily in this zone and not at depth. Acid neutralization occurs at depth. Groundwater contains reduced
iron which rapidly oxidizes upon emergence in seeps, forming ferricrete and flocculent.
The metal attenuation processes that occur downgradient of sources prior to entering Railroad Creek include
precipitation due to pH increase and aeration, efflorescence (causing seasonal formation of salts), co-
precipitation of heavy metals (primarily with iron), and adsorption. Precipitation of iron, aluminum, and
copper .flocculent probably occurs when seeps mix with slightly alkaline Railroad Creek water and
groundwater adjacent to Railroad Creek.
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Comparison of sulfate and aluminum supports the general conclusion of buffering by alumino-silicates.
Aluminum concentrations are lowered by aluminum hydroxide precipitation.
8.4.3 Western Portion of Site
8.4.3.1 Mine to Railroad Creek
Upslope surface water runon in the form of snowmelt and precipitation infiltrates into the soil and bedrock
through fractures and joints. Some of the water enters the mine workings, comes into contact with metal
salts formed on the walls of the workings, resulting in some of the metals going into solution. The water
flows out of the 1500-level main portal, which becomes the portal drainage, and flows into Railroad Creek.
Some of the water in the portal drainage infiltrates to shallow groundwater before discharging to Railroad
Creek. The shallow groundwater moves to the northeast, eventually discharging to Railroad Creek.
Referring to Figure 8.4-1, the 1500-level main portal drainage as represented by sampling station P-5 at the ,
Railroad Creek confluence, contained exceedances of surface water aquatic life criteria for cadmium,
copper, lead, and zinc in the spring and cadmium and zinc in the fail. The 1500-level main portal drainage
represents approximately 64 to 67 percent of the loading source of dissolved cadmium, copper, and zinc in
the spring, and reduces to less than 20 percent of the cadmium and zinc load to Railroad Creek in
September. The 1500-level main portal, therefore, represents the primary point source loading of dissolved
cadmium, copper, and zinc from the Site to Railroad Creek.
The groundwater component from the infiltration of overland flow from the 1500-level main portal drainage
may be accounted for by seeps SP-9, SP- 1 1, SP- 15 W, and SP- 1 5E, and/or as a portion of the unaccounted
groundwater base flow to Railroad Creek.
8.4.3.2 Honeymoon Heights to Railroad Creek
An intermittent drainage was observed in the Honeymoon Heights area, immediately east of the 1100- and
800-level mine portals and waste rock piles. The source of water is snowmelt and precipitation. The water
comes into contact with the waste rock before infiltrating into a mixture of mostly talus with some waste
rock near the base of the avalanche chute in which the drainage flows. The water is assumed to enter into
Railroad Creek as diffuse groundwater flow, potentially mixing with water flowing from seeps at sampling
stations SP-12 and SP-23, located between RC-1 and P-5; however, a dye test completed as part of the R1 to
test this hypothesis was inconclusive. These seeps flowed during the spring snowmelt and storm event
periods only and combined provided approximately 8 percent, 32 percent, and 7 percent of the loading of
cadmium, copper, and zinc to Railroad Creek, respectively.
8.4.3.3 Mill Area
1500-Level Waste Rock Piles
Upslope surface water runon in the form of snowmelt and precipitation infiltrates into the waste rock piles
situated to the west and east of the abandoned mill building. The water comes into contact with the
relatively low grade mineralization in the rock and is assumed to flow down to a layer of relatively low
permeability glacial till. The water discharges as seeps near the base of the waste rock piles, where the
glacial till contacts the ground surface.
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I
. During
The water from the west waste rock pile (seeps SP-6, SP-15W. and SP-15E) flows overland to the lagoon.
the spring snowmelt period, the lagoon fills with the water and flows intermittently to Railroad
Creek; however, the above-mentioned seeps flowing into the lagoon accounted for approximately 4 percent.
6 percent, and 4 percent of the loading of cadmium, copper, and zinc, respectively, to Railroad Creek during
May 1997. Later in the summer the water levels in the lagoon drop and eventually completely dissipate.
The lagoon is coincident with the abandoned Railroad Creek stream bed. It is possible that the portion of
water. which does not evaporate infiltrates into the ground surface and flows as groundwater to Railroad
Creek, either as diffuse flow and/or through the abandoned streambed, which intercepts Railroad Creek near
seeps SP- I and SP-2.
During the spring snowmelt period, one relatively small seep (SP-8) flows from near the base of the east
waste rock pile and flows overland within a ditch across a portion of tailings pile 1 before entering the
Copper Creek diversion which flows directly into Railroad Creek. However, seep SP-8 accounts for
approximately 1 percent or less of cadmium, copper, and zinc loading to Railroad Creek.
Mill Building
Upslope surface water runon in the form of snowmelt and precipitation also infiltrates into upper
foundations of the abandoned mill building, which is not covered with a roof. Surface water passes through
the building and eventually flows overland into the lagoon. Unprocessed ore and residual salts in the mill
contribute metals to the water as it makes its way through the building remains and rubble. A seep (SP-7)
flows from the mill building before exiting a pipe that eventually drains into the lagoon. The seep flows
primarily during the spring snow melt period and accounts for less than 2 percent, 4 percent, and 2 percent
of the cadmium, copper and zinc loading, respectfully, to Railroad Creek. Seep SP-22 is located to the
north of the mill building and may represent metals loading from the mill structure; however, the seep
accounts for less than 1 percent of the cadmium, copper, and zinc loading to Railroad Creek.
Maintenance Yard
Surface water, in the form of runon and precipitation, infiltrate into the ground surface in the western
portion of the Site. Both surface water runoff and near-surface groundwater flow towards the lagoon. As
noted above, the water from the lagoon likely discharges both directly (surface flow) and indirectly
(subsurface flow) to Railroad Creek, as well as evaporates. Surface flow from the maintenance drains into
the pipe mentioned for the mill building above that eventually drains into the lagoon. Seep SP-22, which is
located to the north of both the mill building and maintenance yards, flows during the spring snowmelt
period only and accounts for less than 1 percent of cadmium, copper, and zinc loading to Railroad Creek.
8.4.4 Eastern Portion of Site
Groundwater originating upslope and upstream of the Site appears to flow underneath the relatively low
permeability tailings materials during the spring snowmelt period, resulting in an increase in hydrostatic
pressures and movement of some water up into the tailings piles. As the snowmelt dissipates, the pressures
decrease and the flow direction reverses. Low pH water and dissolved iron generated within the tailings are
released into the groundwater as it migrates through the tailings materials. The groundwater eventually
enters Railroad Creek either as seeps and/or diffise groundwater flow.
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The abandoned Railroad Creek stream bed appears to exist beneath the northern portions of all three tailings
piles. However, the majority of the segment of Railroad Creek adjacent to tailings piles 1 and 2 appeared to
be in a gaining condition between the April to October period. Therefore, the water in Railroad Creek did
not appear to be flowing frorn the creek and into the tailings materials.
In contrast, the portion of Railroad Creek adjacent to the eastern portion of tailings pile 2 and all of tailings
pile 3 may be in a losing condition during the September to April period. During this period of time, water
appears to flow frorn Railroad Creek to beneath the respective portions of the tailings piles, and eventually
into the wetland area to the east of tailings pile, and then to drainage noted as seep SP-21 before flowing
back into Railroad Creek.
Upslope surface water runon in the form of snowrnelt and precipitation flows into the three tailings piles.
Surface water is generally collected and diverted into a series of drainage ditches on the surfaces of the piles
which were constructed as part of the tailings pile rehabilitation project completed by the USFS. The
ditches on tailings pile 1 drain to the northwest to the Copper Creek diversion and to the east to Copper
Creek. In addition, one of the ditches is situated immediately adjacent to an apparently abandoned decant
tower which was open and receiving surface water; the water entering the decant tower is assumed to flow
eventually into Railroad Creek as groundwater.
The ditches constructed across tailings piles 2 and 3 generally flow to the east to Railroad Creek: the surface
water flows into the wetland area east of tailings pile 3 before flowing into Railroad Creek by way of the
ditch at seep SP-21. A relatively small portion of the water collecting on top of tailings pile 2 also flows
directly into Copper Creek. A ditch constructed in a primitive road above tailings pile 3 also diverts some of
the upslope surface water around the eastern end of tailings pile 3 to SP-21. The presence of bedrock
exposed in the south bank of Railroad Creek near the confluence of seep SP-21 and Railroad Creek suggests
that the near-surface ground water occurrence within the glacial deposits becomes surface water at this
point. This assumption is based on the absence of the glacial materials at this location and since water flow
into the bedrock is anticipated to be negligible.
The drainage ditches do not fully prevent ponding of water on the tailings. Ponded water on the southern
border of all three piles results in surface water infiltration into the tailings from spring melt until mid to late
summer. Some of the water flowing in the ditches constructed across the piles likely infiltrates into the
tailings. However, the permeability of the tailings materials appears to be relatively low.
Based on the transport pathways discussed herein the sources of dissolved metals leading into Railroad
Creek from the tailings piles consist of overland flow seeps, andfor diffuse ground water flow into the
bottom of the stream bed. The sources of loading for each tailings pile are as follows:
Tailing Pile 1
Surface water diversion ditches on the surface of tailings pile 1 flow into the Copper Creek
diversion and Copper Creek. However, the flow of water on the surface of the tailings pile
does not appear to contribute significant loading of dissolved metals to Railroad Creek.
Concentrations of cadmium, copper and zinc in the Copper Creek diversion were detected
above surface water aquatic life criteria during the spring period only.
8-3 6
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0

a The Copper Creek diversion accounted for approximately 5 percent or less of cadmium and
copper, and approximately 3 percent or less of zinc loading to Railroad Creek during the
spring and fall sampling events. The majority of the metals loading within this drainage
appears to be attributed to seepage from the east waste rock pile (seep SP-8 which flows to
become SP-19), and groundwater flow from the west portion of the site. The
concentrations of metals within Copper Creek below the drainage ditch confluence were
below surface water aquatic life criteria values.
a Two seeps (SP-1 and SP-2) appear to flow year round from near the base of the tailings
pile. The seeps appear to represent groundwater exiting from the tailings pile. Each of the
two seeps account for approximately 1 percent or less of dissolved cadmium, copper and
zinc loading to railroad Creek and approximately 10 to 11 percent of the dissolved iron
loading to Railroad Creek during the spring snow melt period. In contrast steeps SP- 1 and
Sp-2 each account for approximately 0 percent of dissolved cadmium and copper,
approximately 1 percent or less dissolved zinc, and approximately 2 percent or less of the
dissolved iron loading to Railroad Creek during the fall period.
Tailings Piles 2 and 3
a The surface water diversion ditches on the surface of tailings piles 2 and 3 do not appear to
contribute significant loading of dissolved metals to Railroad Creek. Concentration of
dissolved cadmium, copper and zinc are above surface water aquatic life criteria at seep SP-
21 year round. However, the majority of the metals loading at this location appears to be
groundwater in the form of seeps flowing from the east end of tailings pile 3.
a Two seeps (SP-3 and SP-4) appear to flow year round from near the base of tailings piles 2
and 3, respectfully. The seeps appear to represent groundwater exiting from the tailings
piles. Each of the two seeps account for approximately 3 percent or less of dissolved
cadmium, copper, and zinc loading to Railroad Creek, and 16 to 24 percent of the dissolved
iron during the spring snow melt period. In contract, seeps SP-3 and SP-4 account for
approximately 0 percent of dissolved cadmium, copper and zinc, and approximately 3
percent or less of the dissolved iron loading into Railroad Creek during the fall period.
a Ground water flow into Railroad Creek from beneath the tailings piles account for less than
15 percent of dissolved cadmium, copper and zinc loading and approximately 35 percent of
the dissolved iron loading to Railroad Creek during the spring snow melt period. In
contrast, ground water flow into Railroad Creek accounts for the majority of dissolved
metals loading to Railroad Creek during the fall period.
8.4.5 Railroad Creek
8.4.5.1 Surface Water
As noted above, the final point of discharge of affected groundwater which originates from both the
western and eastern portions of the Site is Railroad Creek.
Copper cadmium and zinc loads to Railroad Creek from measured point sources and other groundwater
(baseflow) sources are highest during the spring snowmelt and groundwater discharge period when
\U)M~SEAI\VOLI\COMMOMWP\WDATA\OOJ\REPORTSOLDEN-~I-O,~
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8-37 DAMES & MOORE

groundwater levels.are highest in the deep wells beneath the tailings, and high flow occurs at the 1500-
level portal drainage. During the May round when flows are the highest, the .portal drainage is the
primary source of loading of cadmium copper and zinc to Railroad Creek. Seeps SP-23 and SP-23~are
the two next highest point sources that are estimated to contribute cadmium copper and zinc during May;
however, this load drops to zero later in the year as seep SP-23 dries up.
Iron enters Railroad Creek primarily by groundwater associated with the tailings piles. Iron loads are
greater in September than May. Iron loads enter Railroad Creek downstream of the load sources (i.e..
portal drainage) for cadmium, zinc and copper, which enter the creek as surface flows or seeps.
Additional source areas located at the West and East waste rock piles and the mill area are not significant
loading sources to Railroad Creek. Metals loading at SP-21 is insignificant but may account for the
unaccounted loads noted in September.
8.4.5.2 Sediment
Railroad Creek was generally found to be relatively sediment poor due to the relatively steep gradient and
the occurrence of storm events which transport the natural sediment downstream to Lake Chelan. The
natural sediment is being generated by the stream erosion processes of ~ai'lroad Creek.
The tailings piles generate iron-oxyhydroxide precipitate which forms due to diffuse groundwater flow from
the tailings into the stream substrate. In addition, wind and precipitation-related erosion of the tailings pile
slopes results in a relatively minor amount of tailings materials being delivered into Railroad Creek. Both
the precipitate and tailings, in addition to the native sediments. are transported downstream both by normal
streamflow and higher energy streamflows during storm events.
8.5 RISK CHARACTERIZATION
The following discussion summarizes the findings of the human health and ecological risk assessments. A
detailed discussion is presented in Section 7.0 of this report.
8,S.l Human Health
The combined results of the screening level human health assessment and the site-specific human health risk
assessment indicate that the environmental conditions at the Site and Holden Village do not pose an
unacceptable risk to potentially exposed populations, i.e., residents, recreational users of the Site, and USFS
personnel. An evaluation of the cumulative risks for each potentially exposed population also indicates that
cumulative cancer and noncancer risks are below MTCA allowable cumulative risk levels. These
conclusions are based upon very conservative screening criteria and site-specific assumptions which, for all
practical purposes, overestimate the risk posed by the Site.
8.5.2 Ecological
The results of the Ecological Risk Assessment are summarized below. Hazard quotients are presented for
each of the receptors. HQs less than 10 are considered low or no risk, HQs greater than 10 and less the 100
are considered intermediate risk, and HQs greater than 100 are considered high risk.
17693-005-019Uuly 28, 1999;10:24 AM;DRAFT FMAL RI REPORT

8.5.2.1 Trout
An intem~ediate potential risk for adverse effects (HQ>I but

SOURCE: USGS Topographic Map. State of Washington,
Scale 1:500,000, Compiled 196 1, Revised 1982
8 16
Scale in Miles
Figure 8.1 -1
DAMES & MOORE LAKE CHELAN WATERSHED MAP
A DAMES 6. MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

i SOURCE: Walten et al., 1992
USGS Chelan Ovadqle 1973
. .;. ... . ...... ... ........... ........... . ................. . . .... !.. ... ... ...... ... .... ..
A B
......... .. . .....
Figure 8.1 -2
RAILROAD CREEK WATERSHED MAP
A DAMES 6 MOORE CROUP W A N y Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

DAMES & MOORE
A DAMEs a MWRE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
LUCILLE PI
Figure 8.1 -3
HOLDEN MINE SITE MAP
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washngton DNR, DEM CD ROM
Figure 8.1 -4
DETAIL OF MINE SUPPORT WASTE ROCK PILES AREA,
DAMES & MOORE TAILINGS PILE 1 AND HOLDEN VILLAGE
A DAMES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 8.1 -5
CREEK WATERSHEDS
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

NOTE: This cross section is generally parallel to ore body
and 1500 level ventilator tunnel
SOURCES: Northwest Geophysical Associates, 1997, Seismic Line A-A', B-B', Holden Mine
Geophysical Investigation.
Youngberg, E. A., Wilson, T: L., 1952. The Geology of the Holden Mine, Economic
Geology, V. 47, No. 1, 1952, pp. 1-12.
W.A.B., 1942. Detailed Surface Geology Map, Howe Sound Co., Chelan Division
EE., H.B.S., 1938, Geology of 1500 Level, Howe Sound Company Chelan Division
Howe Sound Co, 1957, Holden Mine, East West Section
MvES & MOORE
A ~ AW a M ~~RE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-01 9
LEGEND
Backfilled stope
Dike
- . - . - . - Transform fault
Intersection with
Cross Section 1-1'
0 ;500 1,000
Approximate
Horizontal and Vertical
Scale in Feet
Figure 8.2-1
HOLDEN MINE SITE
CROSS SECTION OF UNDERGROUND MINE
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

5 SOURCE:! Wters eta/., 1992
i USGS Chelan Ovadrangle, 1973
DAMES
B C
D E
F
G H
Figure 8.2-2
RI HYDROLOGIC INVESTIGATION LOCATIONS
RAILROAD CREEK WATERSHED
A DAM€S 4 & MOORE '
MOORE CROUP COMPAN~ Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

D.7 D. 8 D. 9 E.0
SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR, DEM CD ROM
Figure 8.2-3
DAMES & MOORE RI HYDROLOGIC INVESTIGATIONHITE
A DAM3 (L MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RVFS
Draft Final RI Report

9.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The data collected during the course of the RI are sufficient to define the nature and extent of compounds of
concern, the pathways and receptors of concern and to serve as a basis to complete the Feasibility Study. The
objectives, conclusions and recommendationsand key findings of the RI are summarized in this section. One
remaining RI data collection activity has been identified by the Agencies in order to augment or clarify
specific findings and conclusions related to sediment. The results will be appended to this document after the
field data collection and analyses are completed.
9.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE RI
The RI objectives have been addressed as follows:
a The environmental setting of the Site has been characterized
a The presence, magnitude, nature and extent of potential environmental concerns determined to
be associated with historic mining activities have been defined
• The potential pathways and rates of migration of compounds of potential concern on the Site
have been characterized
a The potential receptors of compounds of potential concern associated with the historic mining
at the Site have been evaluated
• The stream habitat has been characterized
a The analytical data generated from the investigation in terms of applicable, relevant, and
appropriate regulations, including both state and federal requirements, have been evaluated
• Relevant data of sufficient quality have been provided so that the FS can evaluate cost-
effective remedial alternatives that will address significant environmental concerns identified
on the Site.
9.2 CONCLUSIONS
Referring to Figures 9.2- 1 through 9.2-5, the RI conclusions are described below:
9.2.1 Host Rock Mineralogy
The Holden Mine ore deposit is hosted by the Buckskin Schist. which is a quartz amphibole
schist sequence with at least two horizons of intermittent marble beds and calcareous schists.
The dominant silicates are plagioclase and biotite (aluminum-based). The primary sulfide
minerals in the Holden Mine ore deposit include pyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite and chalcopyrite.
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9.2.2 Site Surface WaterIGroundwater Interaction and Movement
The data collected during the RI bracketed both high and low flow conditions in Railroad Creek and
component inflows:
All surface water and groundwater at the Site ultimately discharge to Railroad Creek.
Spring Conditions - The primary component of surface water and groundwater at the Site and
in the vicinity during the spring period (approximately April through July) is snowrnelt. The
source areas for surface water and groundwater originate upslope of the Site and in the
upstream portion of Railroad Creek. Water sources flow into Railroad Creek as overland flow.
base groundwater flow through the near-surface glacial sands and gravels, overland flows that
infiltrates to groundwater from source areas and as groundwater surface or subsurface
expressions that represent springs, seeps, or subsurface flow into the bottom of the streambed.
Water enters the mine through fractures and joints. Water discharging from the 1500-level
main mine portal represents the bedrock groundwater component observed at the Site. As
overland flow discharges from the 1500-level main portal to the confluence of Railroad Creek,
water also infiltrates to groundwater which eventually flows to Railroad Creek. The tailings
pile materials have relatively low permeability; however, some water infiltrates through the
surface of the tailings piles during snowmelt, precipitation events, and ponding on the surface
of the piles.
Remainder of Year - After the spring snowmelt, the amount of water flowing into the Railroad
Creek from the valley sidewalls decreases significantly. The discharge from the mine portal
also decreases. For the remainder of the year, the majority of water coming into contact with
the base of the tailings piles is groundwater that flows generally parallel to Railroad Creek
within the glacial sands and gravels; however, base groundwater flow beneath the Site
continues to discharge to Railroad Creek.
A Site-specific water balance conducted for the Site accounted for the component inflow
sources to Railroad Creek.
9.2.3 Surface Water Quality in Railroad Creek.
Seasonal fluctuations in the water quality were observed in Railroad Creek and a direct
relationship between streamflow rates and concentrations of dissolved metals in Railroad
Creek was observed, (i.e., concentrations of metals increase and decrease with
increaseddecreases in streamflows).
Dissolved metal concentrations of copper, cadmium, and/or zinc were periodically above State
water quality criteria in Railroad Creek adjacent to the Site from RC-4 to RC-5 between April
and July 1997. Dissolved copper and/or zinc concentrations at RC-3 were above State water
quality criteria in April and May 1997. Dissolved metal concentrations above State water
quality criteria in Railroad Creek decline as streamflow rates decline from spring snow melt to
fall. By September, State water quality criteria were slightly exceeded for copper only at RC-4
(south bank) and for zinc only at RC-4 (south bank), RC-2 and RC-5.
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9.2.4 Component Inflow Sources and Transport Mechanisms to Railroad Creek and Geochernistq
Processes
Component inflow sources to Railroad Creek were identified and the Site geochemistry was
characterized.
Consistent geochemical processes are occurring across the Site including iron sulfide mineral
oxidation, oxidation of sphalerite and chalcopyrite, and metal attenuation. Specific processes
include the release of metals (iron, copper, zinc, cadmium), the release of metals exerting pH
control (iron, aluminum), and differing seep chemistry for different portions of the site
reflecting different rock types (mine vs. tailings). This dictates the difference between water
chemistry in the east and west parts of the Site. The underground mine, waste rock piles and
mill building area are dominated by the effect of residual zinc and copper mineralization,
whereas the tailings piles are dominated by concentrated iron sulfides and associated iron
alumino-silicates.
Host rock mineralogy is the primary factor affecting water chemistry at the Site. Weathering
of these minerals, especially sulfide minerals, dominates Site water chemistry. Non-sulfide
mineralogy of the tailings is expected to be dominated by minerals contained in the ore and in
diabase dikes whereas the mine wall rocks are dominated by biotite schist.
Secondary mineralization and precipitates produced by weathering processes are visibly
evident at the Site, including orange brown iron stains (iron oxyhydroxides) on waste rock and
tailings, white precipitates (amorphous aluminum hydroxide) in the 1500-level main portal
drainage, green stain (copper carbonate) on marble waste rock in the waste rbck piles, and
efflorescent crusts (mekil sulfates) in the mill building and where seepage emerges along the
toes of the tailings piles.
The differences in oxygen availability and water flow in the Site source areas influence the
geochemical characteristics of water quality at the Site. Portions of the underground mine are
well-oxygenated through the winter months due to airflow induced by temperature differences
between the underground mine and the ambient air. Active oxidation occurs in open stopes
above the 1500-level of the mine. Random water flow occurs in fractures and dissolves
weathering products, some of which are discharged in the 1500-level main portal drainage, and
some of which are stored as salts formed by evapo-concentration. The tailings piles are only
oxygenated near the surface; therefore, chemical processes leading to the release of metals
occur primarily in this zone and not at depth. Acid neutralization occurs at depth in the tailings
piles. Groundwater beneath the tailings piles contains reduced iron which rapidly oxidizes
upon emergence in seeps, forming ferricrete and flocculent.
The metal attenuation processes that occur downgradient of source areas prior to entering
Railroad Creek include precipitation due to pH increase and aeration, efflorescence (causing
seasonal formation of salts), co-precipitation of heavy metals (primarily with iron), and
adsorption. Precipitation of iron, aluminum, and copper flocculent probably occurs when
seeps mix with slightly alkaline Railroad Creek water and groundwater adjacent to Railroad
Creek.
Comparison of sulfate and aluminum supports the general conclusion of buffering by alumino-
silicates.
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9.2.4.1 Portal Drainage
The chemical loading analyses completed during the RI accounted for the overland flow and
groundwater loading sources of dissolved metals to Railroad Creek.
Conclusions associated with the water quality and chemical loading of component inflow
sources including the portal drainage, groundwater, the waste rock piles, mill building, Copper
Creek diversion and seeps SP-12 and SP-23 are provided below.
Water quality measured at P-1 (main portal)'and P-5 (confluence with Railroad Creek) as overland flow
indicates that metals presented in the following table were above regulatory surface and groundwater quality
regulatory levels.
Surface
Water
Criteria
Groundwater
Criteria
Locations
P- 1
P-5
P-1
, July 1997
Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, pH
C4 Cu, Pb. Zn, pH
Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, SO4,
PH
These dissolved metals concentrations are influenced by seasonal changes in groundwater flow discharging
from the main portal. The loading analysis reflects these differences.
MayIJune - The portal drainage discharge flows were as high as approximately 3.5 cubic feet
per second (cfs) in ~a~ 1997 and approximately 1.8 cfs in May 1998, and accounts for more
than 65 percent of the load of dissolved cadmium, copper, and zinc to the creek during the
spring snowmelt period.
OctoberISeptember - Discharge flow rates were measured as low as approximately 0.10 cfs.
The drainage accounts for less than 1 percent of the copper load, and approximately one-third
of the cadmium and zinc load to Railroad Creek.
The portal drainage overland flow represents the primary source of dissolved copper, cadmium and zinc to
Railroad Creek during spring conditions; however during the fall, the concentrations of these metals is
greatly reduced.
9.2.4.2 Groundwater
May 1997
C4 Cu, Pb, Zn, pH
Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, pH
As, Be, Cb Cu, Pb, Zn,
SO,, pH
September 1997
Cd, Cu, Zn
cd, zn, pH
Cd, SO4, TDS
The groundwater geochemistry in the east and west portions of the Site is different due to the different source
rock types (mine ore deposit versus tailings) and differences in oxygen availability and water flow.
Groundwater data from monitoring wells and expressed as seeps and springs were used to evaluate
groundwater quality associated with the Site, particularly for the west side of the Site.' Groundwater
underlying the Site is not currently being used as drinking water.
West Portion of the Site
May 1998
Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, pH
Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, pH
Cd, Cu, Fc. Pb, Zn, SO,,
TDS, pH
The west portion of the site includes the following source areas: underground mine and Honeymoon Heights,
portal drainage, west waste rock piles, and the mill building. Groundwater monitoring wells are not present
in these areas; therefore, seep water quality was used to evaluate groundwater quality exceedances, source
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'
I

areas and loading to Railroad Creek. Concentrations of cadmium, copper, and zinc were above the MTCA
Method B levels in groundwater in the western portal of the site.
Portal Drainage
Groundwater infiltrating from the portal drainage overland flow is a component of the unaccounted load
(groundwater) of copper, cadmium and zinc to Railroad Creek.
Waste Rock Piles
Several seeps flow seasonally from near the base of west and east waste rock piles. Two seeps, SP-6 and SP-
15W contain concentrations of cadmium, copper, zinc, beryllium and manganese above the MTCA
groundwater levels. Seeps SP-6 and SP-15W account from less than 2 percent of the cadmium, copper and
zinc loading to Railroad Creek measured at RC-2. Seep SP- 1 1 contained arsenic and SP- I OE contained iron
above groundwater threshold levels.
Mill Building
One primary seep, SP-7, flows se,asonally from the abandoned mill building and contained cadmium, copper
and zinc above MTCA groundwater levels. The seep accounts for less than 2 percent of the cadmium, 4
percent of the copper, and 2 percent of the zinc loading to Railroad Creek as measured at RC-2.
Seeps SP-12 and SP-23
Seeps SP-12 and SP-23 are assumed to represent Honeymoon Heights drainage and flow seasonally from the
south bank of Railroad Creek to the west of the portal drainage. These seeps contain copper, cadmium, and
zinc concentrations above MTCA groundwater levels. The two seeps combined account for approximately 8
percent of the cadmium, 31 percent of the copper, and 7 percent of the zinc loading to Railroad Creek as
measured at RC-2.
The loading analysis hrther demonstrates that overland flow from the 1500-level main portal is the primary
source area contributing dissolved cadmium, copper, and zinc concentrations to Railroad Creek. Source
areas including the waste rock piles, mill building, Honeymoon Heights drainage, and groundwater
infiltrating from the 1500-level main portal overland flow also contribute metals, primarily copper, cadmium
and zinc to Railroad Creek, but represent significantly lower load sources as compared to the overland from
the 1500-level main portal. Based on the physical characteristics of the west portion of the site, a high
likelihood exists that infiltration of overland flow from the 1500-level main portal contributes to dissolved
copper, cadmium and zinc to groundwater in the western portion of the site as well as to groundwater
beneath the tailings piles.
East Portion of the Site
The east portion of the Site includes the tailings piles and Copper Creek diversion. The groundwater
underlying the portion of the Site east of the Copper Creek diversion, including tailings piles 1, 2, and 3.
Groundwater bellow the tailings piles contains concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, beryllium, copper, lead,
manganese, zinc, and iron above MTCA groundwater levels. Cadmium, copper and zinc were not identified
in water within the tailings which indicates that these constituents most likely originate from the western
portion of the site.
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Groundwater discharge from the tailings piles into Railroad Creek occurs in the form of springs or seeps and
diffuse groundwater flow into the creek substrate.
a The tailings piles are the primary source of dissolved and total iron loading to Railroad Creek
throughout the year.
• The precipitation of iron results in the cementing of portions of the Railroad Creek
areambank, principally at three of the more prominent seep discharges near the northeast
comer of tailings pile 1, and the northwest comer of tailings pile 2.
9.2.5 Sediment Quality
Most of the dissolved iron from the tailings piles is converted to a fine precipitate or flocculent
after it enters the stream.
The sediment in Railroad Creek consists mostly of cobbles, and boulders. The stream gradient is
relatively moderate near the Site and steeper upstream and downstream of the Site; however, the gradient
appears to be too steep to allow deposition of sediment. The concentrations of metals in Railroad Creek
sediments do not indicated the potential for adverse effects based on Ecology guidance values. Sediment
samples were collected from both the Lucerne Bar (near the mouth of Railroad Creek in Lake Chelan) and a
reference site near the mouth of the ~tehekin River. The results indicated concentrations of zinc slightly
above FSQVs for only one sample out of 12 collected and analyzed. The remainder of the results were below
the FSQVs. These results suggest a low potential for adverse effects in sediment at Lucerne Bar.
9.2.6 Ecological Conditions
The aquatic survey consisted of the sampling of aquatic insects (benthic macroinvertebrates) and fish at eight
locations in Railroad Creek (six station adjacent and downstream of the 'Site, and two upstream reference or
control stations) and three locations in reference streams in the Stehekin River watershed which is outside the
Railroad Creek watershed. The sampling was completed during the month of September (safety
considerations precluded high flow sampling during the spring melt period). The fish survey included the
use of both snorkeling and electrofishing methods. The results of the sampling indicated:
• The populations of benthic macroinvertebrates and fish found adjacent to the upstream and
westernmost tailings piles, but outside the area of iron-oxide flocculent, were similar to those
found upstream of the Site. This area is adjacent to the tailings pile but downstream of the
portal drainage and the major sources of dissolved cadmium, copper, and zinc loading into
Railroad Creek.
a The comparability of fish data collected from two of the three control stations for the mid to
lower portions of Railroad Creek is questionable due to swam habitat dissimilarities. The
control site for the mid-Railroad Creek segment (Bridge Creek) included a relatively deep pool
in which most fish were caught. The control site for the mouth of Railroad Creek (Company
Creek) was dissimilar in size and was located immediately adjacent to a salmon spawning
ground.
• Benthic macroinvertebrates and fish populations were reduced in Railroad Creek within the
segment of the stream with iron-oxide staining and flocculent on the substrate. This extended
from the northeast comer of tailings pile 1 to station RC-5, located approximately one-half
mile downstream of tailings pile 3.
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At approximately 3 miles downstream of the Site (sampling station RC-10). benthic
macroinvertebrate populations were reduced in comparison to the upstream control stations.
Fish populations at this station were within the range of data collected at both the control sites
outside the watershed and the upstream control sites. Several young fish, which are generally
less resistant to dissolved metals than adult fish, were found at this station.
Fish populations at the mouth of the creek RC-3 were higher than those at the stations
upstream of the Site, but lower than those at the Company Creek control site.
Benthic macroinvertebrate populations near the mouth of Railroad Creek (RC-3) were reduced
in comparison to upstream and control stations but had partially recovered in comparison to
stations closer to the Site.
Of the benthic macroinvertebrate species observed in Railroad Creek, "filter feeders" are
present throughout Railroad Creek. Filter feeder insects are generally considered to be more
sensitive than other macroinvertebrates to dissolved metals in the water column. Benthic
macroinvertebrates that are generally absent downstream of the tailings piles (excluding RC-3
at the mouth) are organisms that require a clean upper stone surface (ex. "scrapers") and
organisms that require open interstitial spaces for hiding. Bioassays conducted by Ecology
using Cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia), a sensitive filter feeder, and Railroad Creek water collected
fiom above and below the tailings piles, at RC- 10, and at RC-3 indicated no adverse effects.
The benthic macroinvertebrate species composition, and the finding that fish and
macroinvertebrate populations were not reduced downstream of the major sources of dissolved
cadmium, copper and zinc loading to Railroad Creek, indicate that the reductions in fish and
macroinvertebrate populations adjacent to and downstream of the tailings piles obsdrved .
appears to be primarily attributable to the lack of suitable habitat or food sources due to the
presence of iron flocculent.
9.2.7 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment
The human health and ecological risk assessments analyzed potential risks to human and ecological receptors
exposed to the compounds of potential concern within soil, surface' water, groundwater, sediments, and air at
the Site.
The human health risk assessment found that the risks were acceptable for both residents and
visitors to the Site based on reasonable maximum exposure scenarios.
The ecological risk assessment found that:
9.2.7.1 Trout
An intermediate potential risk for adverse effects (HQ>l but 400) to trout may be present due
to copper concentrations in surface water in Railroad Creek adjacent to the site under both the
worst-case and reasonable exposure scenarios. A small potential risk for adverse effects,
downstream of the Site, due to copper was identified using the mainstream Railroad Creek
water quality data under both the worst-case and reasonable exposure scenarios.
Trout may possibly be at risk due to iron concentrations in surface water adjacent to the site
under a worst-case scenario; however, no risk was identified using the median mainstream
data.
7
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The combined results of the ERA and ecological survey suggest that reduced trout populations
adjacent to the Site near RC-9 to downstream of tailings pile 3 appear to be primarily
attributable to the lack of suitable habitat or food items due to the presence of flocculent,
although some potential risk for adverse effects due to dissolved metals was noted.
HQs were less than or equal to 1 for all other metals for trout. I
9.2.7.2 Benthic Invertebrates
a A metals toxicity risk to benthic macroinvertebrates under the worst-case and reasonable
exposure scenarios in surface water of Railroad Creek does not exist.
A small potential risk of adverse effects may be present for benthic macroinvertebrates due to
metal concentrations (copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) in sediment from Railroad Creek
adjacent to and downstream of the site (HQs ranged from 1.0 to 3.0). Exceedances of
sediment quality guidelines have been shown to be unreliable predictors of toxic conditions.
Bioassays conducted by Ecology (1997) did not show toxicity due to metals concentrations in
Railroad Creek sediment.
a An intermediate potential risk of adverse effects to benthic macroinvertebrates may be present
due to metal concentrations (arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, silver, and zinc) in flocculent
,adjacent to the site in Railroad Creek. It should be noted that the bioavailability and toxicity of
metals in flocculent is unknown. Data fiom other mine sites suggest that flocculent may not be
toxic. The benthic macroinvertebrate community assessment conducted during the RI within
Railroad Creek, both upstream and downstream of site influences, exhibited a wide range of
conditions. The presence of flocculent on and in the substrate in Railroad Creek from the
lower portion of station RC-9 to downstream stations (except RC-3) has influenced the
substrate by infilling the interstitial spaces and coating the surface of substrate which generally
limits the establishment of periphyton. However, three new genera of pollution sensitive
organisms are present at RC-7 and RC-9 and are assumed to be present due to the alteration in
habitat. The benthic community at station RC-3 indicates recovering conditions. The
combined results of the ERA and the Railroad Creek benthic community evaluation indicate
that the reduced benthic community adjacent to the Site near RC-9 to downstream of tailings
pile 3 (RC-7) is predominately attributable to the lack of suitable habitat due to the presence of
flocculent, although some potential risk for adverse effects from metal ' flocculent
concentrations was noted.
• Under a reasonable scenario conditions, there is no risk due to metal toxicity to the birds or
mammals associated with aquatic habitat near the site.
9.2.7.3 Terrestrial Exposure Pathway and Receptors of Concern
• Plants may experience toxicity from cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in Holden Village
surface soil and in the surface soils and subsurface soils of tailings piles 1,2 and 3, the lagoon
and the maintenance yard; however, when compared to soil metals concentrations at other
mine sites where plants are successfully growing, only copper concentration in subsurface
soils, the lagoon, and maintenance yard may present a risk of phytotoxicity.
• Earthworms may be at risk from cadrnium,copper, lead andlor zinc in surface and subsurface
soils at Holden Village, tailings piles, dust, lagoon and the maintenance yard under the worst-
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17693-005419Uuly 28.1999;11:34 AMDRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
I
I

case scenario; however, suitable earthworm habitat may not exist due to the physical qualities
of the substrate at the sample locations.
Robins could be at risk from cadmium in the subsurface tailings, lagoon and maintenance yard,
and from zinc in the subsurface soils, tailings pile 3, the lagoon and the maintenance yard, and
from lead in the lagoon and maintenance yard based on the worst-case scenario. However,
under the reasonable scenario (median concentration), there was no risk from cadmium or zinc.
It is highly likely that the input parameters for the robin overestimate the actual exposure
conditions because a risk was also shown for robins feeding on earthworms exposed to
background concentrations of cadmium and the exposure assessment does not account for the
robins relatively large forage range.
Under normally expected conditions, there is no risk due to metals toxicity to mammals
associated with terrestrial habitat near Holden Mine.
. .
9.2.8 Tailings Pile Slope Stability
The slopes adjacent to Railroad Creek vary in height between 50 and 120 feet, and are relatively steep.
The tailings pile slopes have the potential to releasekilings to the creek during an earthquake
event with a recurrence interval of approximately 40 years. The event would likely be limited
to a maximum depth of approximately 15 feet and include only those slopes of the tailings
piles facing Railroad Creek that are steeper than 34 degrees.
The rock placed as Railroad Creek streambank protection (riprap) during the Site rehabilitation
efforts performed by the USFS is weathering relatively rapidly. The height of the rock
placement, as well as the size of the rock, appears marginal to protect the base of the tailings
piles.during a hypothetical 100-year storm event, and is likely not adequate to protect the base
of the tailings piles during a hypothetical 500-year storm event.
9.2.9 Windblown Tailings Material
The erosion of the tailings from the piles has resulted in the deposition of the materiqs on the ground surface
adjacent to and downwind of the Site. The majority ofthe windblown tailings deposiis-were found to be less
than several millimeters in thickness. Concentrations of all metals analyzed, other than iron, were below the
regulatory standard for soil. Based on the results of human health and ecological risk assessment, the
potential for adverse effects from the iron concentrations was low.
. .r
9.2.10 Riprap and Soil Source Evaluation ; I
An evaluation was completed to identify a source of riprap within the Railroad Creek drainage and sources of-, .- '
granular soil that may be needed for remedial actions. The results of the evaluation confirmed that the rock
quality within the existing quarry is relatively poor. However, a potential source of higher quality rock exists
nearer the Site as a talus deposit (cobble- to boulder-sized rock at the base of a bedrock outcrop). The riprap
source had been eliminated by the USFS during the Site work between 1989 and 1991 due to safety
considerations; however, it appears feasible'to design measures to mitigate the concerns. A potential source
of granular soil was identified near tailings pile 3.
1 .
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9.2.11 . Winston Home Sites Fuel Storage Tanks
The results of the evaluation of the Winston Home Sites identified up to 38 underground storage tanks
(USTs) remaining in the area. No indications of petroleum hydrocarbons were noted in soils exposed in
backhoe test pits excavations completed adjacent to seven of the tank locations. It was reported that some, if
not all, of the tanks were pumped during the 1960s in order to supply fuel for Holden Village. All of the
tanks appeared to be less than 1000 gallons in size and, therefore, not regulated as USTs. These tanks have
been sufficiently evaluated.
9.3 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
The following potential environmental concerns were identified at the Site:
9.3.1 Seasonal Exceedances of Water Quality Criteria
The discharge of portal drainage water and Site groundwater in the western portion of the site
(represented as seeps) into Railroad Creek results in exceedances of water quality criteria for
cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc during the spring snowrnelt period at the Site in Railroad
Creek. Dissolved metal concentrations decreased as streamflow declined. By September,
State water quality criteria were exceeded for copper only in a south bank sample and for zinc
only at stations adjacent to and immediately downstream of the site.
'Groundwater concentrations of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, copper, iron and manganese
beneath the tailings piles are above the MTCA groundwater levels in the spring. By fall only
iron and manganese are above MTCA levels.
9.3.2 Reduction in Benthic Macroinvertebrate and Fish Populations
Both benthic macroinvertebrate and fish populations are reduced downstream of tailings pile 1
when compared to the control or reference sites. Fish populations remained low in comparison
to reference reaches of RC-7, located adjacent to tailings pile 2, and at RC-5, located
approximately one-half mile downstream of the Site. Macroinvertebrate counts were lower
than reference reach counts from the Site to the mouth of Railroad Creek, but increased with
distance from the Site. However, the presence of unique species of filter feeder aquatic insects
in the affected reaches of Railroad Creek suggests that the dissolved metals are not the cause of
the reduced macroinvertebrate populations. The reduction in benthic macroinvertebrates and
fish populations adjacent to the site appears to be principally from physical effects of iron
flocculent in the stream. In addition, bioassays completed by Ecology using Cladocerans
(Ceriodaphnia), a sensitive filter feeder, and water from Railroad Creek above and below the
tailings piles, RC- 10 and RC-3 indicated no adverse effects.
The fish populations at the RC-10 sampling station approximately three miles downstream of
the Site are within the range of values collected at the control or reference sites. Young fish
were observed at this station.
9.3.3 Tailings Pile Slope Stability
Based on the results of slope stability analyses, the tailings pile slopes facing Railroad Creek
are relatively stable under static conditions. However, the tailings could be released to
Railroad Creek in the event of a moderate edquake. Only the slopes steeper than
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17693-005-019Uuly 28.1999;10:07 AM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

9.3.4 Maintenance Yard
9.3.5 Lagoon Soils
approximately 34 degrees appear to be at risk. The maximum depth of a failure has been
estimated to be 15 feet. The failure of a slope would likely result in the delivery of tailings
material to Railroad Creek.
The base of the tailings piles is at increased risk over time of erosion during storm events due
to the continued breakdown and insufficient size of some of the rigrap streambank protection.
The erosion of the toes of the piles during a major storm event may result in the delivery of
tailings materials to the cqk.
The surface soil within the maintenance yard area exceeds MTCA levels for arsenic, cadmium,
copper, iron, lead, and total petroleum hydrocarbons.
The subsurface soil within the maintenance yard area exceeds current MTCA levels for total
petroleum hydrocarbons only.
The surface soil within the lagoon exceeds levels for total petroleum hydrocarbons; the
subsurface soil exceed MTCA levels for cadmium, copper, lead, and total petroleum
hydrocarbons.
The following scope of work has been identified by the Agencies as a data need which will require additional
sampling and analysis:
9.4.1 Lucerne Bar Sampling
Additional sediment sampling will be conducted in Lake Chelan near the mouth of Railroad
Creek and to the east of the area sampled during the Phase 111 RI. The objective of the
sampling and analysis will be to further characterize the nature and extent of metals
concentrations in near-shore sediment. The sampling is scheduled to be completed between
August and October 1999.
G:\WPDATA\OOJWPORTSWOLDEN-2W9-0.d~ 9-1 1
17693-005-019Wuly 28, 1999;10:07 AM;DW\FT FINAL RI REPORT

SOURCE: USGS Topographic Map, State of Washington,
Scale 1:500,000, Compiled 196 1. Revised 1982
0 8 16
Scale in Miles
Figure 9.2-1
DAMES & MOORE LAKE CHELAN WATERSHED MAP
A DAMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Holden Mine RI/FS
~ o NO. b 17693-005-01 9 Draft Final RI Report

: SOURCE: Wters eta/., 1992
_..._______.___.....
USGS Chdan ........... Quadhngle, _ !.__ 1973
............. ....... _.__ ......................
A B
DAMES & MOORE
A ~ A a W WRE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 9.2-2
RAILROAD CREEK WATERSHED MAP
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

SOURCE: Base map information from USFS and
Washington DNR, DEM CD ROM
DAMES & MOORE
A W ES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY
Job NO. 17693-005-019
Figure 9.2-4
DETAIL OF MINE SUPPORT WASTE ROCK PILES AREA,
TAILINGS PILE 1 AND HOLDEN VILLAGE
Holden Mine RIIFS
Draft Final RI Report

i
,./'
i
- Creek /.-
i i
i '. .
i
'.
i
Wilderness
i 1.'
i
\
!
'.
\.
'.\.
'. -.
I
i -. '. \.-. -_ \.
'.'.-.-. .
'. .-. . '.
A
i

10.0 PROJECT SCHEDULE
The, schedule for the future Holden Mine RVFS deliverables as designated in the RIFS Statement of Work
attached to the Holden Mine Site Administrative Order on Consent are listed below:
PRIMARY DELIVERABLES
Draft Feasibility Study (FS) Report
Final FS Report
G:\WPDATA\WSU(EPORTSWOLDEN-2UU\I&O.DOC
17693-005-0 19Uuly 28. 1999; 11 :3 1 AM;DRAFT FINAL RJ REPORT
DELIVERABLE SCHEDULE
Within 90 days of RPM approval of the Final RI Report
and Alternatives Development and Screening Technical
Memorandum
Within 60 days of receipt of written RPM comments on
the Draft FS Report

I
11.0 REFERENCES
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. . :
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e
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I
Department of Ecology, Olympia
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U.S. Geological Survey. 1967. Holden Quadrangle, Snohomish and Chelan Counties, Washington.
U.S. Geological Survey. 1967. Lucerne Quadrangle, Chelan County, Washington.
U.S. Geological Survey. 1963 Photorevised 1967). Goode Mountain Quadrangle, Chelan County,
Washington.
U.S.D.A. Forest Service (USFS). 1998a. Comments on Holden Draft RI/FS Work Plan, March 26.
U.S.D.A. Forest Service (USFS). 1998b. Preliminary Comments - Phase 11. Remedial Investigation,
Draft Sampling and Analysis Plan and Quality Assurance Project Plan. Prepared by Dames &
Moore, April 24.
U.S.D.A. Forest Service (USFS). 1998c. Agency Approval of Alumet's April 27, 1998, Letter Response
to Agency's Preliminary Comments - Phase 111 Draft SAP and QAPP, April 30.
U.S.D.A. Forest Service (USFS). 1998d. Agency Comments'on Phase 111 Draft Sampling and Analyses
Plans (August 17, 1998, Addendum August 28, 1998, Addendum 2, September 10, 1998).
September 22.
U.S.D.A. Forest Service (USFS). 1997. Aerial Photographs of the Site Vicinity. Flight Line 9703.
U.S.D.A. Forest Service (USFS) and U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management). 1997.
Draft Environmental Impact Statement 'Volume 1. Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem
Management Project. [Plus Attachment: Preferred Alternative].
I.(:\I I-0.doc
17693-005-019Wuly 29, 1999;S:ll PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

U.S.n.>.,. .F(zxli,st S::a;ice.. 1997: Sur:kj4b1d.~~fj~&~:,Sc!-+*cy Protocols - Bryophytes. Version 2.0.
. .
, ,
. ! a
U.S.D.A. Forest service. 1996. Flow data for Railroad Creek.
U.S.D.A.. Fcrest Service (USFS) anti 1J.S: Dti!~:?.!'t.n?znt. of Interior, Bureau of Land Management). 1994.
-------- Kecord of ---. Decisior. for Ami~ndmei??~).~).fc.'~J~SFS and Bureau of Land Management Planning
Documents within the Range of the Northern S~otted Owl. 74pp. [Plus Attachment A: standards
and guidelines; irregular pagination].
u.s.u.A. Forest Service (USFS). 1992. Aerii11 .?!~c;tcgraphs of the Railroad Creek Watershed. Flight
Lines 24 through 3 1.
U.S.L).A. Forest Spnrice (VSFS). 1991. Infom?;.kirn tsgarding the Holden Mine Historic District.
U.S.D.A. Forest Service (USFS). 1990. Land and Resource Management Plan: Wenatchee National
Eg~gst, TJSFS. Pacific Northwest Regioif.r'??.fc~b~tchee, WA.
U.S.D.A. Forest Service (USFS). 1973. ~nvironmental Analvsis Report: Restoration and Stabilization
of Holden Tail-
-.--------
U.S.i).k. ~~rest Service.(USFS). 1962.. Aerial Photographs of the South Fork Agnes Creek.
U.S.D.A. Forest Service (USFS). 1953. Water. qualiiy data for Railroad Creek and the mine portal at
. ..
Hoiden Mine, 1982- 1983. Prepared the W~r:.atchee Forest - Chelan Ranger District.
, . = .
Uniform Building Code. 1994. Structural Engineering Design ~rovisions. Volume 2.
USEPA. 3 397. Ecblogical Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Environmental Response .- Team,
Edison, NJ. Interim Final.
USEPA. 'October 1996. Drinking Water Regulations and Health Advisories, Office of Water.
USEPA. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). 40 CFR 13 1.36 Clean Water Act.
W:tsirington Natural Hsriiage Dab SysLern (M'lt'fFj. iY37. Tine non-game database and the priority
habitats and species database. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Olympia, WA.
Wastiinson Naturd Heritage Program ('CViIP). i98 I. An Illustrated guide to the endangered, threatened
and sensitive vascular plants of Washington. 334 p. Olympia, WA.
Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecciiogyj.' i937. creation and analysis of freshwater sediment
quality values in Washinjzton State. Depaftment of Ecology, Olympia, WA. publication #97-
323a. July 1997.
Washington State Department of Ecology jE20i;iii;~j. 1997. Effects of Holden Mine on the Water,
Sediments and Benthic Invertebrates of Rajlr_o.ad Creek (Lake Chelan). July 1997. Publication
NO. 97-330.
H:\l I-O.doc
17693-005-0 19Uuly 29, 19993: 1 1 PM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT

Washington State Department of Ecology (E~ology)~~.,):~9,~,.
, Interim Interpretive and Policy Statement,
:-,a. , . -
Cleanup of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH). Ecology Publication #ECY97-600. ,January .
1997. . . ,. .
Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). ..Washington Administrative Code (WAC) Chapter
173-201A. Water Quality Standards for surface-waters of the State of Washington. Amended
November 18, 1997. , G --
I Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). Model Toxics Control Act-Cleanup (WAC 173-
340). Publication #94-06. Amended Januiry 1996.
Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). 1996. Model Toxics Control Act Cleanup Levels
and Risk Calculations (CLARC 11) Update. T~xics Cleanup Program, Department of Ecology.
Publication #94-145. February 1996.
Washington State Department of Ecology. 1996. Prelimillary Ecology data on water samples collected in
Railroad Creek drainage.
. .
Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). 1994. Natural Background Soil Metals
Concentrations in Washinrzton State. Toxics Cleanup Program, Department of Ecology.
Publication #94-115. October 1994.
Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). ' 1993. Supplement to Statistical Guidance for
Ecolow Site Managers. Carol L ~leskls, ~oxics Cleanup Program, Department of Ecology.
August 1 1, 1993.
. .
Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). . . 1992. Statistical Guidance for Ecology Site
Mana~ers. Toxics Cleanup Program, ~epartmenf of Ecology. Publication #92-54. August 1992.
I
Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology).. Washington Administrative Code.cWAC) Chapter
173-200. Water Quality Standards for ~rouid witen of the State of Washington. Amended
~ October 3 1, .1990,
I.
I
Washington State Department of Ecology. 1982. Eotential Hazardous Waste Site Inspection Report.
7 ,. *
. Prepared by Dennis Bowhay.
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Watershed Analysis. Version 3.0.
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U.S.D.A.-Forest Service at the Holden ~ine' sit

l#e~ehat~ihi& ~ati'onsi
'~ol'c!en.~ine'
Porest. s ....
. I
site.
. % . ..
. ..,
... j..:.i ' -.* ;:;.
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. by the U.S.D.A.-Forest Service for the
, 1 s . . . . .
., . +
Wenatches~ati6n3,l F~orsst. 1951.. ~oidkn ~zQ$$&,~nnitorin~ FI&. Preparcd by the U.S.D.A.-Forest
,,# .*, -
Service; Wenatchee ~ationai ~6ieii-~he!c11:~an~ir ~istrict.
.. ,. . . . . \ *.. . .
Wenatchee National Forest. 1977. Holden Mine Ti5lings Environmental Analysis Report. Prepared by
, ". .' .'.. .
' =
the ~ .~.~.k-~orest Service, ~enatchee,~:liional Forest-Chelan Ranger District.
I
!, , -,: ,,. i
Wenatchke .National Forest. 1976. ~nvifonm~$.d~++essment- Restoration and Stabilization of Holden
,'
. Tailings. . . Prefixed by the U.S.D.A.-Fiire3t Service, Wenatchee dational .Forest-Chelan Ranger
'. . ... .
District. '.
- ....
. .
Whitaker J.O., C. Maser and L.E. Keler. 1977. hod Habits of Bats of Western Orepon. Northwest Sci.
..,,
5 1 : .46-55.
Wolman, M.G. 1954. &Method for.Sam~lin Cnarsc River-bed Material. Traqsactions of the American
.-..
Geophysical Union, v. 35, p. 951-956.
. . .. ., .. .
F 7--
Wydoski, R. S. .and R. R. Whitney. 1979. Inla;&! ~ishes of'k'ashinnton. University of -Washington.
, :
University of Washington Press. Seattle, WA'.
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. .. .
. . . Geology
. and the ~ulletin'of the Society of ~conomic Geologists. vol. 47.
, '
8 .
Zabowski, D. and R.L. Everett. 1997. ~~tracGb1~ -Metals and Plant Uptake with Amelioration and
Revegetation of Abandoned Coprjer Mine Tailings. Unpublished manuscript, University of
Washington, College of w die st ~esoukes. ' '
Zeveloff, S.I. 1988. Mammals of the Intermountain West. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City. 365
. ,: 1. '1 .
PP.
'I-~:\I
1-0.d~~ 11-20 DAMES
& MOORE
17693-005-019Uuly 29, 1999;5:11 PM;DRAFT FINAL gREPORT

, DAMES
DRAFT FINAL
Remedial Investigation Report
Holden Mine Site
Volume 4 - Appendices
& MOORE
A DAMES K MOORE GROUP COMPANY
prepared for
Alumet, Inc.
prepared by
Dames &. Moore
Seattle, washington'
July 28, 1999

7
MEMORANDUM
Date:
To:
From:
Subject:
June 15,1998
Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
Karen Mixon, Project Chemist \@\
Summary Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial lnvestigation Phase Ill
Equipment Blank, May 1998
Dames & Moore Job #I 7693-005-01 9
The summary data quality review of two filter blanks and one bottle blank has been completed.
The sample was analyzed at the Analytical Resources, Incorporated (ARI) laboratory in Seattle,
Washington for total recoverable and dissolved metals by EPA Methods 6010A and 200.8 modified
(Including the following metals: aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium,
copper, Iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silver, sodium, and zinc).
The analyses were performed in accordance with the methods specified in EPA Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846, January 1995. A standard report containing summarized method
associated QAIQC data and sample data was provided by the laboratory. The following samples are
associated with laboratory work order ARI# W064:
Sam~le 1.D. ARI Sam~le # Analyses Reauested
Filter Blank #1 W064A
Filter Blank #2 W064B
Dissolved Metals
Dissolved Metals
Total Metals
The following comments refer to ARl's performance in meeting quality control specifications
described in the EPA documents 'EPA Test' Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846', January
1995 and "USEPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for lnorganlc
Data Review, Feb~ary 1994, and the Quality ,Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) prepared for the Phase
Ill Remedial Investigation dated April 17, 1998.
The sample was prepared in the laboratory using EPA Method 3005A and a modified EPA 200.8
preparation method. Samples were analyzed by ICP (EPA Method 6010A) and ICPMS (EPA Method
200.8 Modified).
1. Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Blanks
Copper (0.3 ug/L), potassium (6 ugk), and sodium (30 ug/L) were deteded in the method blank
associated with this sample set. As the concentrations detected were at or near the detection limit,
associated sample results less than 5X the concentration in the blank are qualified as not detected and
flagged 'U' accordingly. Results between 5X and 1OX the concentration detected .in the method blank
are qualified as estimated and flagged 'J" accordingly. Results reported as not deteded or greater than
1OX the concentration detected in the method blank do not require qualification.

I
June 15,1998
Field QC Samples, May 1998, Holden Mine
After data qualification, the following metals were detected in the filter blanks as noted below:
I Analvte Detection Limit Filter Blank #I Filter Blank #2
Aluminum
Barium
Cadmium
Manganese
4 U
0.04 ug/L
0.04 UQIL
0.04 ugk
Not Deteded
0.1 1 ug/L
Not Deteded
Not Deteded
The two filter blanks were collected from the same filter lot. Due to the proximity of the results to
the detection limit, the data does not clearly lndlcate an additive effect from the filters. In additlon, the
detection-limit reported for aluminum is below the project requirements. The filters were considered
acceptable for use during the May 1998 sampling event.
I 3. Laboratory Control Sample - Not Applicable
4. Laboratory Duplicate - Not Applicable
. ,.. A l'aboratory duplicate is not required fck fieldqualdy control samples.
I 5. Field Duplicate - Not Applicable
6; Matrix Spike - Not Applicable
. A inatrix spike is not required for field quality control samples.
7. Detedion Limits - Acceptable
8. Type of Review - Summary
9. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
conslderatlon of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with
data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values
Data Qualifiers
U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J The analyte was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample.
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit. However, the
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in the sample.
R The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample
and meet quality control criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Filter Blank #1
TOTAL METALS
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Lab Sample ID: W064A QC Report No: W064-Dames & Moore .
LLMS ID: 98-7775 Project: Holden Mine i
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled:
Date Received: 04/17/98
Data Release Authorize@/
Reported: 05/07/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date: . Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL . . . . U&/L
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Filter Blank #2
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W064B QC Report No: W064-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-7776 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 176932005-019
Date Sampled:
Date Received: 04/17/98
Data Release
Reported: 05/07/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date- Met hod Date CAS Number Analyte . RL ug/L
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
' cadmium
Calcium .
Chromium
Copper
Iron .
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: #3
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W064C
LIMS ID: 98-7777
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/07/98
QC Report No: W064-Dames & Moore .
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
h ate' Sampled:
Date Received: 04/17/98
Prep Prep . Analysis Analysis
Meth . ate Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
U Analyte'undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
r
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium ..
Calcium . .
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese .
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Method Blank
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample, ID: W064MB
LIMS ID: '98-7775
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/07/98
QC Report No: W064-Dames & Moore
,Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
.Meth Date- , . Method . Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L .
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I .
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
.Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium .
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPOF?ATED

G
CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD WHITE COPY-original (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-collector PINK COPY-P~O~~~~ Manager
0)-
500 Market Place Tower
2025 First Avenue
MES & MOORE seattle. Washington 98121
LOCATION: &1.\ V*~'Q%~
1
. "
Phone (206) 728-0744
ES a MOORE GI~OUI' COMI'ANY Fax (206) 727-3350 LLECTOR: i4/h DATE OF COLLECTION -
- -- -- - - - -. - -- t , 5 .
.\ .. . \ ,- I .,.

I Date:
/a SW-846.
MEMORANDUM
To:
From:
Subject:
June 15. 1998
Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
Karen Mixon. Project Chemist Kh
Standard Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial Investigation Phase 111
Surface Water Data, May 1998
Dames & Moore Job #I 7693-005-01 9
he standard data quality review of 17 surface water samples and 3 equipment blanks collected
from April 30 to May 5, 1998 has been completed. The samples were analyzed at the Analytical
Resources, Incorporated (ARI) laboratory in Seattle, Washington for total recoverable and dissolved
metals by EPA Methods 6010A and 200.8 modified (including the following metals: aluminum, arsenic,
barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese,
molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silver, sodium, zinc) and hardness by EPA Method 6010A calculation. In
addition, samples were also analyzed for the following: alkalinity by Standard Method 2320, total dissolved
solids (TDS) by EPA Method 160.1, total suspended solids (TSS) by EPA Method 160.2, and sulfate by
EPA Method 375.2. Select samples were analyzed for total petroleum hydrocarbons (diesel and gasoline
range) by Washington State Department of Ecology TPH methods. Samples were analyzed for low-level
lead by Frontier Geosciences in Seattle, Washington. The low-level lead results are not included in this
report as they were provided separately and validated under separate cover memo. The analyses were
performed in accordance with the methods specified in EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
January 1995, EPA Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, March 1983. Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th edition, 1992, and Washington State
Department of Ecology Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Methods, April 1992. A validation package
containing method associated QAIQC data and summarized sample data was provided by the laboratory.
The following samples are associated with laboratory work orders ARI# W219 and W221:
Sample I.D. ARI Sample # Analyses Reauested
DissolvedKotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate
DissolvedKotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate
W219CNV219T DissolvedKotal Metals, alkalinity.
TDSKSS, sulfate
W219DNV219U DissolvedKotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSTTSS, sulfate
W219ENV219V DissolvedKotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSTTSS, sulfate
W219FNV219W DissolvedKotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSTTSS, sulfate

June 15, 1998
Surface Water, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 2
Sample I.D. ARI Sample # Analyses Requested
W219GM1219X DissolvedTTotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSTTSS, sulfate
CC-2 W219HNV219Y Dissolved/Total Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate
Dissolved/Total Metals, alkalinity,
TDSTTSS. sulfate
DissolvedTTotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSflSS, sulfate
. - .
DissolvedTTotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSTTSS, sulfate
r DissolvedKotal Metals, alkalinity,
. TDSflSS, sulfate .
_ I
Dissolvedflhal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSTTSS, sulfate ,
, . - ...., :. . .
DissolvedTTotal Metals, iilkalinity.
. . TDSKSS, sulfate . . .
. .
~issolvedl~otal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSflSS, sulfate
~issolvedTTotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSK.SS, sulfate
Dissolvedflotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSTTSS, sulfate, WPH-G, WTPH-D
Total Metals
Total Metals
EB050598 W221C Total Metals
The following comments refer to ARl's performance in meeting quality control specifications
described in the EPA documents "EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846", January 1995.
"Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes", March 1983, "USEPA Contract Laboratory
Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic Data Review", February 1994, and "USEPA
Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Organic Data Review", February
1994, and Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th Edition, 1992,
Washington State Department of Ecology Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Methods, April 1992, and the
Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) prepared for the Phase Ill Remedial Investigation dated April 17,
1998.
. .

June 15, 1998
Surface Water, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 3
The report is divided into subsections based on type of analyses performed.
Total Recoverable and Dissolved ~etals
Sample aliquots for dissolved metals were filtered and preserved in the field. ,Sample aliquots for
total recoverable metals were transferred to preserved containers in the field.
Samples were prepared i;l the laboratory using EPA Method 3005A and a modified EPA 200.8
preparation method with additional concentration steps where appropriate. Samples were analyzed by
ICP (EPA Method 6010A) and ICP MS (EPA Method 200.8 Modified).
1. Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Tunes (ICP MS analysis only) - Acceptable
3. Initial'Calibration - Acceptable
4. Continuing Calibration - ~cceptable
5. Blanks
.", , .. :
Aluminum (30.4 uglL), calcium (23.3 uglL), and mag'nesium.(29 uglL) were detected in the ending
continuing calibration blank (CCB),analyzed on May 19, 1998. Samples were not analyzed between the
previous CCB and the ending CCB. The detected metals in the.ending CCB do not indicate a carryover
concern that affects sample results. Data was not qualified based on the CCB. ' :
Aluminum (20 ug1L) and calcium (30 ug1L) were detected in the method blank associated with the
total analysis of samples RC-1, RC-4, RC-4X, RC-7, RC-5, RC-10, RC-3, RC-2, HC-4, HC-3, HC-2, HC-1,
RC-11, BIG-1, CC-1, CC-2, RC-6, and EB050298, EB050398, and EB050598. As the concentrations
detected were at or near the detection limit, sample results in associated samples that are less than 5X
the concentration in the blank are qualified as not detected and flagged "U" accordingly. Results between
5X and ?OX the concentrations detected in the method blank are qualified as estimated and flagged "J"
accordingly. Results reported as not detected or greater than 10X the concentration detected in the
method blank do not require qualification.
Barium (0.05 ug/L) and lead (0.4 uglL) were detected in the method blank associated with the total
analysis of RC-1, RC-4, RC-4X, RC-7, RC-5, RC-10, RC-3, RC-2, HC-4, HC-3, HC-2, HC-1, .RC-11, BIG-
1, CC-1, CC-2, and RC-6. Cadmium (0.1 1 uglL) was detected in the method blank associated with the
total analysis of RC-1, RC-4, RCdX, RC-7, RC-5, RC-2, HC-4, HC-3, HC-2, HC-1, RC-11, BIG-1, CC-1,
CC-2, and RC-6. Copper (0.3 ugIL) was detected in the method blank associated with the total analysis of
RC-4, RC-4X, RC-7, RC-5. RC-10, RC-3, RC-2, HC-4, HC-3, HC-2,, HC-1, BIG-1, CC-1, and RC-6.
Manganese (0.44 uglL) was detected in the method blank associated with the total analysis of RC-1, RC-
4, RC-4X, RC-7, RC-5, RC-10, RC-3, RC-2, HC-2, CC-2, and RC-6. Sample results for barium, cadmium,
copper, and lead were at or near the detection limit. These elements reported in associated samples that
are less than 5X the concentration in the blank are qualified as not detected and flagged "U" accordingly.
Results between 5X and 10X the concentrations detected in the method blank are qualified as estimated
and' flagged "J" accordingly. Results reported as not detected or greater than 10X the concentration
detected in the method blank do not require qualification.
Manganese detected in the method blank was substantially above the detection limit. Associated
samples with results less than 10X the method blank concentration were reprepped and reanalyzed.

June 15, 1998
Surface Water, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 4
Manganese (0.04 ug/L) was detected in the method blank associated with the repreparation for
total analysis of samples HC-4, HC-3, HC-1, RC-11, Big-1, and CC-1. As manganese was detected at the
detection limit, results .reported in associated samples less than 5X the concentration in the blank are
qualified as not detected and flagged "U" accordingly. Results between 5X and 10X the concentration
detected in the method blank are qualified as estimated and flagged."JV accordingly. ' Results reported as
not detected or greater .than 10X the concentration detected in the method blank do not require
qualification.
Manganese (0.05 uglL) was detected in the method blank assoc~ated with the dissolved analysis
of RC-1, RC-4, RC-4X, RC-7, RC-5, RC-10, RC-3, RC-2, HC-4, HC-3, HC-2, HC-1, RC-11, BIG-1, CC-1,
CC-2, and RC-6 and the total analysis of EB050298, EB050398, and EB050598. Manganese results were
not detected or were greater than 1 OX the method blank concentration in all samples with the exception of
BIG-1. The result was less than 5X the method blank concentration and qualified as not detected and
flagged "U" accordingly. . .
Analytes of concern were detected in the equipment blanks as noted below.
Analyte Detection Limit EB050298 EB050398 EB050598
Barium 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.1 2
Copper 0.2 Not Detected Not Detected 0.4
Lead 0.2 0.4 Not Detected , 0.3
Sodium 50 50 50 Not Detected
,. . .. .. .
Each of the equipment blanks is associated to samples as follows: . ,
EB050298 -Tubing used for filtration of portal, ventilator portal, and seep samples.
EB050398 - Decon of nozzles and adaptors associated with surface water sampling. Note that the
additional equipment used for surface water sampling is generally dedicated to each individual station.
EB050598 - Ending decontamination blank for all sampling equipment used in the May 1998 sampling
event.
. Due to the low level detection of the metals shown, the p'roximity of the results to the detection
limits of the method, and the associated samples for each equipment blank,. the data does not clearly
show an additive effect related to the decontamination of equipment. Data were not qualified based on
the equipment blank results.
6. Internal'Standards (ICP MS analysis, only) - Acceptable
7. . ICP Interference Check (ICP'analysis orily) - Acceptable
8. Laboratory Control Sample - Acceptable
9. Laboratory Duplicate Sample
The laboratory duplicate performed on HC-3 (dissolved) was acceptable (within 20%) for all
elements except lead. The lead results were not detected and 0.8 ug/L. As the difference is
greater than the CRDL, associated sample results for lead reported greater than the detection
limit are qualified as estimated and flagged "J". Associated samples include dissolved analysis .
of HC-4, HC-3, HC-2, HC-1, RC-11, BIG-1, CC-1, CC-2, RC-6, RC-1, RC-4, RC-4X, RC-7, RC-5,
RC-10, RC-3, RC-2, EB050298, EB050398, and EB050598.

June 15, 1998
Surface Water, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 5
10. Field Duplicate - Acceptable
Sample RC-4X is the field duplicate of RC-4.
11. Matrix Spike - Acceptable
12. ICP Serial Dilution (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
13. Detection Limits - Acceptable
14. Type of Review - Standard
15. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based .on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with data
qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Conventional Analvses
Samples were analyzed for total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), alkalinity,
and sulfate by EPA or other methods identified in the introduction of this report. In addition, hardness was
determined by calculation from dissolved metals analysis and reviewed for correctness.
@ 1. Hold Time - Acceptable
2. . Initial Calibration - Acceptable
Applicable for alkalinity and sulfate.
3. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
.Applicable for alkalinity and sulfate.
4. Blanks - Acceptable
5. Laboratory Control Sample - Acceptsble
Applicable for alkalinity. A standard reference material (SRM) was used to evaluate sulfate.
Results were acceptable.
6. Laboratory Sample Duplicate - Acceptable
7. Field Duplicate - Acceptable
Sample RCdX is the field duplicate of sample RC-4.
8. Matrix Spike (MS) -'Acceptable
Applicable for sulfate.

June 15, 1998
Surface Water, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 6
9. Detection Limits - Acceptable
The detection limit for TSS reported for sample HC-4 was 2.2 mglL which is above the QAPP.
requirement of 1.0 mgIL. The increased detection limit was due to the use of reduced sample volume as
this sample was used for the laboratory duplicate analysis. Data usability is not affected.
10. Type of Review - Standard
11. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on .the EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, data are considered acceptable except where flagged
with data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Orqanic Analvses
Select samples (as noted in the report introduction) were analyzed for TPH (gasoline range), and
TPH (diesel extended range) per the Ecology methods previously referenced.. ., :, ,.;
,,. ..
1. Hold Time - Acceptable
2. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
3. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
4. Blanks - Acceptable
5. Surrogate Recoveries - Acceptable
6. Laboratory Duplicate
-. . . .. .
A lab duplicate was not performed for WTPH-G or WTPH-D extended as required by the method.
Data was not qualified based on the omission of a laboratory duplicate.
7. Matrix SpikeIMatrix Spike Duplicate (MSIMSD)
A MSIMSD was not performed. A MSIMSD is not required per the method.
8. Laboratory Control SamplelBlank Spike (LCSIBS) - Acceptable
9. Field Duplicate - Not applicable
10. Target Compound Identification - Acceptable
11. Detection Limits - Acceptable
12. Type of Review - Standard

June 15, 1998
Surface Water, May 1998, Holden Mitie
Page 7
13. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on the EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, data are considered acceptable except where flagged
with data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Data Qualifiers
U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J .The analyte was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of. the analyte in the sample.
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit. However, the
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in the sample.
R The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample
and meet quality control criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: HC-4
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219R
LIMS ID: 98-9036
Matrix: Water
h"
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06110198
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Proj ect : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 04/30/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
w
Prep Prep . Analysis Analysis
Meth Date - Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03lL) :
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Caddum
Calcium
Chromium
Copper ,
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganes e
~ol~bd&nun
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALMICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORQANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: HC-4
Lab Sample ID: W219R QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9036 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693 -005-019
05/05/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/21/98
-
MATRIX SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Sample Spike ' Spike %
Analyte ug/L ug/L Added Recovery Q
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Aluminum 51 2150 ' 2000 105%
Arsenic 1.33 6.46 5.00 103%
Barium 6.82 12.2 . 5.00 108%
Beryllium 0.04 U 4.64 5-00 92.8%
Cadmium -0.06 5'. 19 .5 ..OO 103% . ..
Calcium 4150 - 14800 10000 106% . .
Chromium 0.. 2' U 4.9 5.0 98.0%
Copper 0.9 6.4 5.0 110% . . .
Iron 9 7 1110 1000 101%
Lead 0.3 5.7 5.0' 108%
Magnesium 257 10800 10000 . 105%
~anganese 3.00 7.64 5.00 92.8%
Molybdenum 0.69 5.88 5.00 104%
Nickel 0.2 U 5.6 5.0 112%.
Potassium 500 'U . '10400 10000 104%
Silver 0.04 U 4.87 . 5.00 . 97.4%
Sodium 641 ' 10700 10000 101%
Zinc 4 . ' 515 500 102%
'Q' codes: N = control limit .not met
' H = %R not applicable, sample concentration too high
*
NA
= RPD control limit not met
= Not applicable - analyte not spiked
Control Limits: Percent Recovery: 75-125%
RPD: +/ -20%
FORM-V

I
INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: HC-3
Lab Sample ID: W219S
LIMS ID: 98-9037
Matrix: Water
Data ele ease Authorized
Reported: 06/10/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date - Method Date
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 15
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore .
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 04/30/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryl 1 ium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron ,
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: HC-3
Lab Sample ID: W219S QC Report NO: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9037 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Data Release
Reported: 05/21/98
Date '~eceived : 05/05/98
MATRIX DUPLICATE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Sample ~uplicate Control
Analyte ug/L ug/L : RPD ' . Limit .Q
. .
'.
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chrornium
Copper
Iron.
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese.
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
'Q' codes:
* = control limit not met
L = RPD not valid, alternate limit = detection limit
FORM-VI
, .
\
" *!
ANALYTICAL
\aa?
RESOURCES 1
INCORPORATED ',

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Synple NO: HC-2
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219T QC Report NO: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9038 Project : Holden ' ~ine
Matrix: Water, 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 04/30/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/21/90
Prep Prep -Analysis Analysis
Meth Date ' Method. Date CASNumber Analyte RL
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 17
U Analyte undetected at given RL'
RL Reporting Limit . .
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
~arium .
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium ..
Chromium
. . .
Copper.
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese '
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: HC-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample,ID: W219U QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9039 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
. Date Sampled: 05/01/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release
Reported: 06/10/98
Prep Prep. -Analysis
Meth Date Method
Analysis
Date
05/18/98
05/19/98
05/19/98
05/19/98
.05/19/98
05/18/98
05/19/98
05/19/98
05/18/98
05/19/98
os/is/sa
06/04/98
os/is/se,
os/i9/98
05/18/98
05/19/98
os/is/sa
05/18/98
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 15
CAS Number Analyte
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryl1 ium
Cadmium ' '
Calcium
Chromium
Copper - .
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
.Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No 1 RC-11
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219V QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9040 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/01/98
Received: 05/05/98
Data Release
Reported: 06/10/98
Prep Prep , -Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/~):
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: RC-11
Lab Sample ID: W219V QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9040 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
ate Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06/10/98
MATRIX DUPLICATE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Sample Duplicate Control
Analyte ug /L ug/L RPD . Limi't Q
Copper
Manganese
'Q' codes:
*.. = control limit not met
L = RPD not valid, alternate limit = detection limit
FORM-VI
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: RC-11
Lab,Sample ID: W219v QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9040 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019.
05/05/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 06/10/98
MATRIX SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
- - Sample Spike Spike %
Analyte ug/L ug/L Added Recovery ' Q
Copper 1.0 6.1 5 .0 102%
Manganese 3.83 8.61 ' 5.00 95.6%
'Q1 codes: N = control limit not met
H = %R not applicable, sample concentration too high
* = RPD control limit not met . .
NA = Not applicable - analyte not spike'd
Control Limits: Percent Recovery: 75-125%
R"D: . +/-20%
FORM-V
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS'ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: BIG-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219W
LIMS ID: 98-9041
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 06/10/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date - - Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L .
U Analyte undetected at given RL
. .
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic ,
Barium' .
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
copper .
Iron
Lead
Magne's ium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

-
INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: CC-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219X QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9042
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06/10/98
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep. - Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte.. RL ug/L '
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryl 1 ium
Cadmium
Calcium .. .
Chromium
'Copper '
~ron
Lead
Magnesium
~kganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
I Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 12 I
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: CC-2
. . -TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219Y
LIMS ID: 98-9043
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06/10/98
Prep Prep. - Analysis
Meth Date Method
300s os/is/se 6010
200.8 05/18/98 200.8
200.8 05/18/98 200.8
200.8 05/18/98 200.8
200.8 05/18/98 200.8
3005 05/15/98 6010,
200.8 05/18/98 200.8
200.8 06/03/98 200.8
3005 05/15/98 6010
200.8 05/18/98 200.8
3005 05/15/98 6010
200.8 05/18/98 200.8
200.8 05/18/90 200.8
200.8 05/18/98 200.8
3005 05/15/98 6010
200.8 05/18/98 200.8
3005 05/15/98 6010
3005 05/15/98 6010
Analysis
Date
05/18/98.
os/ig/ga
05/19/98
05/19/98.
05/19/98
05/18/98
05/19/98
06/04/98
05/18/98
05/19/98
OS/l8/98
os/i9/9e
05/19/98
05/19,/98
05/18/98
05/19/98
os/la/ss
05/18/98
Calculated Hardness (mg-~a~03/~) : 12
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
,.Date Received: 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
. .
7429-90-5 Aluminum 20 170
7440-38-2 Arsenic 0.04 0.04 U
7440-39-3 , Barium 0.04 -6.31
7440-41-7 . Beryllium 0.04 ' 0.04 U'
7$40-43-9 Cadmium, . ' 0.04 - , 0.04 U " '
,7440-70-2 . . Calcium ' 2 0 4,060
.7440:47-3 .. Chromium .'. . 0.2 " 6.4 '
., ,
7440.-50-8 , Copper ', " 0.2 ' 1.0
7439-89-6 Iron 20 .r '170 .
7439-92-1 Lead 0.2 0.3 L)
7439'-95-4 ,. Magnesium' 20' . 520
7439-96-5 Manganese 0.04 4.91
7439-98-7 Molybdenum 0.04 0.48 '
7440-02-0 . Nickel 0.2 0.7
7440-09-7 Potassium 500 500 U
7440-22-4 Silver 0.04 0.04 U
7440-23-5 . .Sodium 50 660
7440-66-6 Zinc 4 4 U
FORM- I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: RC-6
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W2192 QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9044 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/21/98
Prep Prep Analysis . Analysis
Meth Date . Method Date . CAS Number Analyte. . RL
Calculated Hardness [mg-CaC03/L) : 11
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
~arium
Beryl 1 ium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
'Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: RC-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219AA
LIMS ID: 98-9045
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized: LP'
Reported: 06/10/98 C/
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine -
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
A ,Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) :
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper .
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
~ah~anese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL .
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED I
i
I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Not RC-4
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219AB
LIMS ID: 98-9046
Matrix: Water
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
,. Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date . CAS Number Analyte RL
Calculated Hardness (mg-'CaC03/L) : 13
.U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
PotasSium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: RC-4X
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219AC
LIMS ID: 98-9047
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/21/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method ate
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): ' 13
U Analyte undetected at given RL
. .
RL Reporting Limit
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
CAS Number Analyti RL ug/L
FORM- I
. Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium .
Beryl1 ium,.
. Cadmium .
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead ,
Magnesium '
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel.
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc .
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: RC-7
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219AD QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9048 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/21/98
Prep Prep Analysis
Meth Date Method
1 Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 14
Analysis
Date CAS Number Analyte '
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium .
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
lNCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: RC15
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219AE
LIMS ID: 98-9049
Matrix: Water
Data Release ~uthorized
Reported: 05/21/98
Prep Prep
~0th Date
Analysis Analysis
Method. Date CAS Number
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 16
U Analyte undetected at given RL
. .
RL Reporting Limit
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/04/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium .
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodim
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: RC-10
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219AF QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9050 ' Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
.. . Date Sampled: 05/04/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 06/10/98
Prep Prep Analyeis
Meth Date Method
Calculated Hardness (ng-CaC03/L) : 17
Analysis
Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
U ~rial~te undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum 2o 300
Arsenic 0.04 ,O .72
Barium 0.04 -6.74
Beryllium 0.04 0.04 U
Cadmium 0.04 0.45
Calcium 2 0 5,730
Chromium , 0.2 0.2
Copper 0.2 30.3 ,
Iron 2 0 790
Lead 0.2 0.6 u
Magnesium 2 0 720
Manganese 0.04 13.4
Molybdenum 0.04 0.55 .
Nickel 0.2 0.6
Potassium 500 500 U
Silver 0.04 0.04 U
Sodium 50 850
Zinc 4 7 5
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: RC-3
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219AG QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 9.8-9051 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/05/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06/10/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CASNumber Analyte RL
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) :
U Analyte undetected at given RL
. .
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219AH
LIMS ID: 98-9052
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/21/98
Prep Prep
Meth Date
Analysis
Method
6010
200.8
200.8.
200.8
200.8
6010
200.8
200.8
6010
200.8
6010
200.8
200.8
200.8
6010
200.8
6010
6010
Analysis
Date
05/18/98
05/19/98
05/19/98
05/19/98
05/19/98
05/18/98
05/19/98
os/19/9e
05/18/98
05/19/98
.05/18/98
05/19/98
05/19/98
05/19/98
05/18/98
05/19/98
05/18/98
05/18/98
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 14
QC Report No:
Project:
Date Sampled:
Date Received :
CAS Number
7a29-90-5
7440-38-2
7440-39-3
7440-41-7
7440-43-9
7440-70-2
7440-47-3'
7440-50-8
7439-89-6
7439-92-1
7439-95-4
7439-96-5
7439-98-7
7440-02-0
7440-09-7
7440-22-4
7440-23-5
7440-66-6
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL ' Reporting Lirni t
FORM- I
W219-Dames & Moore
Holden Mine
17693-005-019
05/03/98 '
05/05/98
Analyte RL ug/L
Aluminum 2 0 250
Arsenic 0.04 0.83'
Barium 0.04 5.75
Beryllium 0.04 0.04 u
Cadmium 0.04 0.77 r
.Calcium 2 0 4,700
Chromium 0.2 0.2
Copper 0.2 52 -3
Iron 2 0 630
Lead 0.2 0.6
Magnesium 2 0 570
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Manganese 0.04 12 -7
MO~ ybdenuni 0.04 0.53 .- .
Nickel 0.2 0.6 . ,
Potassium 500 500 U
Silver 0.04 0.04 U
Sodium 5 0 790
Zinc 4 116

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: HC-4
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219A
LIMS ID: 98-9019
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 04/30/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth ,Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium .
20.0.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43'-9 Cadmium
. 3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 74'40-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 ,7440-47-3 Chromium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05j15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium ,
05/15/98 , 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/15/98 200.8. 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/1'8/98 7440-02-0. Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc .
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L),: 11
i0-':::58 .';!.d
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET -
DISSOLVED METALS
Sample No: HC-4
Lab Sample ID: W219A QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9019 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Dat,e Received: 05/05/98
Data Release
Reported: 05/21/98.
MATRIX SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Sample Spike Spike %
Analyte ug/L ug/L Added ' Recovery Q
. .
Aluminum 20 U 2060 2000 103%
Arsenic 1-00 5.93 - 5.00. 98.6%
Barium 6-19 10.8 5.00 92.2%
Beryllium 0.04 U 4 -65 5 : 00 93.0%
Cadmium 0.06 .- 4.91 5.00 97.0%
Calcium 3990 14300 10000 103%
Chromium . 0.2 'U 4.8 .5.0 96.0%'
Copper 0.5 5; 6 5.0 102%
Iron 29 1020 1000 99.1%
- Lead 0.2 5.4 5'. 0 104%
Magnesium. . . 230 10300 , 10000 101%
Manganese 1.05 5.80 5.00 95.0%
Molybdenum 0.64 5.13 5.00 89.8%
Nickel 0.2 U 5.2 5.0 104%
Potassium 500 U 10000 10000 100%
Silver 0.04'~ 4.85 5.00 97.0%
Sodium 612 ' 10400 10000 97.9%
Zinc 4 U 514 500 103%
'Q' codes: N = control limit not met
H = %R not applicable, sample concentration too high
* = RPD control limit not met
NA = Not applicable - analyte not spiked
Control Limits: ~e'rcent Recovery: 75-125%
RPD : +/-20%
FORM-V
. .
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: HC-3
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219B
LIMS ID: 98-9020
Matrix: Water
Data Release Au,thorized
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 04/30/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
zoo. 8 05/15/98 200. 8 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010' 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 15
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
DISSOLVED METALS
Sample No: HC-3
Lab Sample ID: W219B OC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9020 Project: Holden Mine .
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Received: 05/05/98
Data Release
Reported: 05/21/98 .
MATRIX DUPLICATE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Sample Duplicate Control
Analyte ug /L ug/L RPD . Limit Q
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Iron
-. Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum,
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
'Q' codes: * = control limit not met
L = RPD not valid, alternate limit = detection limit
. .
FORM-VI
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: HC-2
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219C
LIMS ID: 98-9021
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-D.ames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 04/30/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date ' Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL 'ug/L
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200,8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Bariyn
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 . 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium '.
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
. 200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 , copper .
3005 05/15/96 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 ' Iron
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 ' 05/18/98 -7439-95-4 Magnesium
20018 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 ' 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98' 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005' 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-.22-4 Silver
300.5 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 16
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS 'ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: HC-1
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219D
LIMS ID: 98-9022
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/01/98
Date ~eceived: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date ' CAS Number Analyte RL
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 ,200.8 05/18/98 7440-36-2 ' Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 ,Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8. 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-4.3-9 . Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 6010 . 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
200.8 05115/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98, 7439-89-6. Iron
-. 200.8 05/15/.98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 ,7439-96-5 Manganese
,200.8 05/15/98 200;8 $5/18/98' 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 '05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 ' 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium ,
3005' 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 15
U Ana1,yte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: RC-11
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219E
LIMS ID: 98-9023
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Dat'e Sampled: 05/01/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth . Date ,Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 . Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98' 7440-43-9 . Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 6010 ' 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6. Iron
200.'8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98. 6010 05/18/98 '7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/15/98. 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8. 05/15[98 200.8 05718/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
'200.8 05/15/98 ' 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 '7440-22-4 Silver .
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 os/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6, Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 7
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor BIG-1
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219F
LIMS ID: 98-9024
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 0.5/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date . CAS Number Analyte .
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 ' 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 , 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium .
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 chromium
. 200.-8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7.440-50-8. Copper
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
-'200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1' Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18j98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.'8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 . 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 ,7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-.6 'Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 18
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

cli
INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: ' CC-1
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219G
LIMS ID: 98-9025
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep , Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
. .
3005. 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium . .
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05]15/98 ,200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
. 200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/15/98 6010 ,05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
,200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
':.:,._/ 200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 - 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 ,05/18/98, 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 11
U Analyte undetected at given RL
I , RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
ANALYTICAL 1
RESOURCES
, INCORPORATED
I
ug/L

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor CC-2
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219H
LIMS ID: 98-9026
Matrix: Water ,
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ' ug/L
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 ~luminum
200.8 05/15/98 . 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3, Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 . 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/'98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 . 200.8, 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
. 200.8 05/15/98 200.8 .05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
30.05 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
-'200.'8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98. 6010 . 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 03/15/98 200.8 05/18/98. 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Pota.ssium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 '7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 - 6010 05/18/98 7440-23.-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 ,7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 12
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

I@
'.J
INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor RC-6
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219I
LIMS ID: 98-9027
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: ~219-~ames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep . Analysis Analysis
Meth . ' Date Method . Date . CAS Number Analyte
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum'
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-'41-7, Beryllium
200.8 .05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/15/,98 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
. ,200.8 . 05/15/98
3005 05/15/98
200.8 05/15/98
3005 05/15/98
200.8
6010
200.8
6010
05/18/98
05/18/98
05/18/98
05/18/98
7440-50-8
7439-89-6
7439-92-1
7439-95-4
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
'200.8 05/15/98 , 200.8 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
. 3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/90 . . 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved' ~ardness, (mg-CaC03/L) : 10
U Ana1,yte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor RC-1
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219J
LIMS ID: 98-9028
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05./21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & '~oore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
. .
3005 .05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 . 05/18/98 744.0-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 '200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 ' ' Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
200.8 05/15/98 '200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
-.200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 ' Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 , ' 200.8 . 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver,
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98. 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaCO3/L) :. 11
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor RC-4
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219K
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
I
LIMS ID: 98-9029
Matrix: Water
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
I A DaJe Received: 05/05/98
Data Release
Re~orted: 05/21/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
3005 05/15/98 6010 . 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/i5/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium.
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
200.8 05/15/98 200.0 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98. 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5- ~anganese
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 , 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0. Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver .
3005 05/15/98 ' 6010, 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium .
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 12
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
lNCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO:' RC-4X
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219L
LIMS ID: 98-9030
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
'Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7. Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 . 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/15198 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 - 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
. 3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
-. 200 :8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 os/is/.ga 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98' 200.8 05/18/98 ,7440-22-4- Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodiw
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 12
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: RC-7
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219M
LIMS ID: 98-9031
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/i8/98 ' 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium ,
+ 200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 . Cadmium
3005 05/15/9'8 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200,8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
*
200.8' 05/15/98 200:8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005' 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
,200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1. Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
2.00: 8 05/15/98. 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/X5/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel .
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium '
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 13
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor RC- 5
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219N
LIMS ID: 98-9032
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/04/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method , Date CAS Number Analyte
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 ' 7440-38-2. Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
,200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Be'ryllium.
200.8 05/15/98 . 200.8 05/18/98 .7440-43-9 Cadmium
300.5 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 , 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 ,7440-97-3 Chromium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18198 7440-50-8 Copper '
3005 05/15298 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
-- 200i8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
. 200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-98-.7 Molybdenum
200.8,05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 ,7440,-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98, 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc.
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): -15 '
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

I INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: RC-10
DISSOLVED METALS
I
e 200.8
. / 200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
Lab Sample ID: W2190
LIMS ID: 98-9033
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005.-09
Date Sampled: 05/04/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis I
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/15/98
05/15/98
3005 05/15/98
200.8 05/15/98
6010
200.8
6010
200.8
05/18/98
05/18/98
05/18/98
05/18/98
7439-89-6
7439-92-1
7439-95-4
7439-98-7
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Molybdenum
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (rng-CaC03/L) : 16
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: RC-3
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219P
LIMS ID: 98-9034
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/05/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep. Prep klysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
a
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum 20 ' 70' ,
200.8 05/15/98 200.8. 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic 0.04 0.20 .
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium 0.04 . 5.80
200.8 05/1.5/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium 0.04 0.04 U
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 0.04 0.26
30'05 05/15/98 60i0 05/18/98. 7440-70-2 calcium 2 0 5,250
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 - Chromium 0.2 . 0.2 U
200.8 05/,15/98 ' 200.8 05/18/98 ,7440-50-8 Copper 0.2 .12.6
3005 05/15/98 ' 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron 2 0 17 0
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05118/98 7439-92-1 Lead 0.2 0.3 3
3005 ,05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium 20' 620
' 200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-96-5 ~a'n~anese 0.04 -6.48'
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7439-.98-7 Molybdenum 0.04 0.51 . -
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel 0.2, 0.3'
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium 500 500 U
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver 0.04 0.04 U '
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium 50 87 0
3'005. 05/15/98 6010' 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc 4 4 5
calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 16
U malyte undetected at given RL
. RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: RC-2
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219Q
LIMS ID: 98-9035
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore .
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth ' Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte . . RL ug/L
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 . 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/15/98 . 200.8 05/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/15/98 20.0.8 05/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
' 200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-43-9 Caddurn
' 3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-70-2 calcium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-47-3 , Chromium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/.98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
. ...
200.8 OS/15/98
200.8 05/15/98
200.8
200.8
05/18/98
05/18/98
7439-96-5
7439-98-7
Manganese
Molybdenum
200;8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/15/98' 6010 05/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/15/98 200.8 05/18/98' 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/15/98 6010 05/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/~) : 14
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: El3050298
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W221A QC Report No: W221-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9058 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date' Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data h el ease ~uthorized:
Reported: 05/21/98
Prep Prep ~nalysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number ' Analyte RL
U '~niti~te undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
Aluminum
~rsenic ,
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
copper .
Iron
Lead.
~ a ~ s ni'um e
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor EB050398
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W221B QC Report No: W221-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9059 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: .Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/21/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number .Analy.te RL ug/L
U Analyte undetected at given RL
. .
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
.Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium.
Copper .
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: EB050598
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W221C
LIMS ID: 98-9060
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/21/98 '
QC Report No: W221-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
' 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/05/98
pate Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
'Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
IFiCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Method Blank
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219MB QC Report No: ~219-~ames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9036 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix : water- 17693-005-019
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/21/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L '
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Berylliuni
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor Method Blank
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W219MB ~~'~eport No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9019 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
h ate' Sampled: NA
Dee Received:. NA
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/21/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis .
. , Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron' ,
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATEE

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
@.
Sample NO: STD REFERENCE
I.V. Lots 869-6 and 889~1
Lab Sample ID: W219LCS QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9019 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/21/98
STD Value
Analyte Value , Found Recovery
, .
Aluminum
Calcium
Iron
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
Zinc
Values reported in parts per billion (ug/L)
I.V. Lot 869-6 used'for GFA. I.V. Lot 889-1 used for ICP
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORb.TED

IKOXGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
Lab Sample ID: W219LCS
LIMS ID: 98-9036
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/21/98
Sample No: STD REFERENCE
I.V. Lots 869-6 and 889-1
QC Report No: W219-Dames. & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA ,
STD Value
Analyte . Value Found Recovery
Aluminum 2000 2040 102%
Calcium 2000 2090. 104%
Iron 2000 1960 ' 98.0%
Magnesium , 2000 2000 ' 100%
Potassium 20000 20000 100%
Sodium 2000 1970 98.5%
Zinc 1000 970 97.0%
Recovery Limits 80-120
Values reported in parts per billion (ug/~)
I.V. Lot 869-6 used"for GFA. I.V. Lot 889-1 used for ICP.
FORM-111-R
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Sample No: RC-7
Lab Sample ID: W219M OC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9031 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
I Analysis
I
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL' Units Result
Alkalinity
Total Dissolved Solids
Total Suspended Solids
Sulfate
05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03
051498#1
05/07/98 EPA 160.1 5.0 mg/L
050798#1
05/07/98 EPA 160.2 1.0 mg/L
050798#1
05/13/98 EPA 375.2 2.5 mg/L
051398#1
RL Analytical reporting limit'
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: RC-5
Lab Sample ID: W219N QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9032 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/04/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
Analysis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Units Result
Alkalinity 05/14/98
051498#1
SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 8.1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98
050798#1
EPA 160.1 5.0 m9/L
. . .
2 0
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98
050798#1
EPA 160.2 1.0 mg/L .- 2.5
Sulfate 05/13/98
051398#1
EPA 375.2 2.5 mg/L 5.6
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED I

Pinal Report
Laboratory Analyeia of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: RC-10
Lab Sample ID: W2190 QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9033 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/04/98
Data Release Authorized: Date.Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr. erkins
Analyeie
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Unite Result
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L ~ a ~ 0 3 11
051498#1
Total iss solved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 5.0 mg/L 25
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 1.0 mg/L - 3.8
050798#1 ,
Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA 375.2 2.5 mg/L 5.5
051498#2
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: RC-3
Lab Sample ID: W219P QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9034 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled.: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized: Da'te Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 ~ r .
+alysis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Unite Result
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 12
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 5.0 mg/L 29
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 1.0 w/L _ 4.3
050798#1
Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA375.2 2.5 mg/L 5.3
051498#2
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
@

Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample, No: RC-2
Lab Sample ID: W219Q QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9035 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
AnalyBiB
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Unite Result
Alkalinity
Total Dissolved Solids
Total Suspended Solids
, Sulfate
05/14/98
051498#1
SM 2320 1.0 mg/~ CaC03
05/07/98
050798#1
EPA 160.1 5.0 mg/L
05/07/98
050798#1
EPA 160.2 1.0 mg/L
05/14/98
051498#2
EPA 375.2 2.5 mg/L
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Method Blank Analyeis
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
' METHOD BLANK RESULTS
CONVENTIONALS
Analysis
Date & Batch Constituent Units Result
05/07/98 Total Dissolved Solids
050798#1
05/13/98 Sulfate
051398#1
Total Suspended Solids
Sulfate
Water MB QA Report Page 1 for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

@ QA Report - Replicate Analysis
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Matr.ix : Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 05105/98,
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
DUPLICATE ANALYSIS RBSULTS
CONVENTIONALS
Sample Duplicate
Constituent Uni ts Value Value RPD
ARI ID: 98-9019, W219 A Client sample ID: HC-4
Alkalinity mg/L CaC03 11 10 9.51
Total Dissolved Solids
Total suspended Solids
ARI ID: 98-9033, W219 0 client Sample ID: RC-10
Water Replicate QA Report Page 1 for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Matrix Spike/~atrix Spike Duplicate Analysis
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr. k qPerkins
MATRIX SPIKE QA/QC REPORT
CONVBNTIONALS
Sample Spike Spike
Constituent Units Value Value Added Recovery
ARI ID: 98-9033, W219 0 Client Sample ID: RC-10
Sulfate mg/L 5.5 25.7 20.0 101%
MS/MSD Recovery Limits: 75 - 125 %
Water MS/MSD QA Report Page 1 for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

I
QA Report - Laboratory Control Samples
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLES
CONVEI-JTIONALS
Meaeured True
Constituent Unite Value value ' Recovery
Laboratory Control Sample
Alkalinity mg/L CaC03 121
Date analyzed: 05/14/98 Batch ID: 051498#1
LCS QA Report Page 1 for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Standard Reference Material Analysis
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
STANDARD REPBRENCE MATERIAL ANALYSIS
CONVgEPTIONALS
True
Constituent Units Value Value Recovery
SPEX#13-22AS
Sulfate mg/L 24.8
Date analyzed: 05/13/98 Batch ID: 051398#1
SPBX#13-22AS
Sulfate mg/L 25.7
Date analyzed: 05/14/98 Batch ID: 051498#2
SRM QA Report Page 1 for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

TOTAL GASOLINE RANGE HYDROCARBONS
WTPHg Range Toluene to C12 by GC/FID
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Data Release Authorized: 'I+ Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/12/98 jl1.h 4
ANALMlCAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Client Date Dilution ho as ~urr A Surr B
Lab ID Sample ID Analyzed Factor Gas Ranqe ID Rec Rec
W219-0511MB Method Blank 05/11/98 1:l 0.25 U NO 99.3% 95.1%
98-9035-W219Q RC-2 05/11/98 1:l 0.25 U NO 98.1% 101%
Surrogate A is Trifluorotoluene.
Surrogate B is Bromobenzene.
Values reported in ppm (rng/L).
Quantitation on total peaks in the gasoline range from Toluene to C12.
I Data Qualifiers
U compound not detected at the given detection limit.
X Value detected above linear range of instrument. Dilution required.
J Indicates an estimated value below the calculated detection limit.
S No value reported due to saturation of the detector. Dilution ;equired.
D Indicates the surrogate was not detected because of dilution of the extract.
NR Indicates no recovery due to matrix interference.

@
TOTAL GASOLINE RANGE HYDROCARBONS
WTPHg Range Toluene to C12 by GC/PID
Lab Sample ID: W219SB
LIMS ID: 98-9035
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized: "'
~e~orted: 05/12/98 ilikl4 \
LABORATORY CONTROL SAXPLB RECOVERY RBPORT
Analyzed 05/11/98
CONSTITWNT
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE
Gasoline Range Hydrocarbons
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
TPHq Surroqate Recovery
Trifluorotoluene 111%
Bromobenzene NR
Values reported in parts per million (rng/L)
TPHg SPIKE CONTROL LIMITS
Percent Recovery 50-150% .
Duplicate RPD ~50%
Advisory QA Limits
. SPIKE SPIKB . %
POUND ADDRD RECOVERY
... .
ANALYrICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
0

TOTAL DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBONS
WA TPHd Range C12 to C24 by GC/PID
and Motor Oil
Lab ID: 98-9035
Matrix: Water
.Data Release Authorized: '('
Reported: 05/14/98 CIryh)
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Dace Dace Dilution Diesel *HC Motor Oil Surr
Lab ID Sample ID Excrac:ed Analyzed Factor Ranqe ID Ranqe Rec
W219MB Method Blank 05/08/98 05/12/98 1:l 0.25 U --- 0.50 U 99.00
W219Q RC-2 05/08/98 05/12/98 1: 1 0.25 U --- 0 .SO U 102%
Surrogate is kethyl-~rachidate.
I
I ID indicates, in the opinion of the analyst, the petroleum product with the best pattern
match. 'NO1 indicates that rhere was not a good match for any of the requested products.
Values reported in ppm (mg/L)
Diesel quantitation on total peaks in the range from C12.to C24.
I Motor Oil quantitation on total peaks in the range from C24 to C38.
Dsta Qualifiers
U Compound not detected.at the given detection limit.
J Indicates an estimated value below the calculated detection limit.
S No value reported due to saturation of the detector. Dilution required.
D Indicates the surrcgate was not detected because of dilution of the extract.
E Indicates a value above the linear range of the detect,or. Dilution required.
NR Indicates no recovery due to matrix interference.
B Indicates compound also detected in the method blank.
FORM-1 WA TPHD

TOTAL DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBONS
WA TPH~ Range C12 to C24 by GC/PID
Lab Sample ID: W219SB
LIMS ID: 98-9035
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized: 'It
Reported: 05/14/98 $It ~ 1% I
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE RECOVERY REPORT
Extracted: 05/08/98
Analyzed 05/12/98
CONSTITUENT '
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons
. . TPHd Surroqate Recovery
Methylarachidate 93.09
Values reported in parts per million (mg/L)
@
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
SPIKE SPIKE %
FOUND ADDED RBCOVBRY
ANALYnCAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
0

I CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD
i
500 Market Place Tower
2025 First Avenue
DAMES & MOORE Seattle. Washington 98121
; I
WHITE COPY-Original (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-Collector PINK COPY-Project Manager
LOCATION: MO\~QP W tl
Phone (206)'728-0744
A OMES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY F, (206) 727-3350 6€&&3F6- c37wf33rne

CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD ,
>
>~LINQUISHED BY: (Signature) DATWIME
LABORATORY: Mi-
LABORATORY CONTACT: mclr k "IV k 6
DAMES & MOORE scut~~c,
Phonc (206) 728-0744
6 MOOllE GROUI' COMI'AN)' Fax (206) 727-3350
' WHITE COPY-0rlgin.d (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-Collector PINK COPY-Project Manager
RECEIVED BY: (Signature) I
500 Market Place Tower
2025 Firs1 Avcnuc ILocanoN: i.~njh,
Washington 98121 I
JL

CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD WHITE COPY-original (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-~o~~ector PINK COPY-project Manager
Borlng
or
Well
Number
Sample
Number
Eb~wA(rt
?
&as
9
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(~lik~k\
W h -
y~/$?
3
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T~me
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%.Uh--.M c - ~ / /30 t ~ ~
RELIt@YlSHED BY (S~gnalure) DATE/TIME
r )
RELIWDISHED BY (S~gnature) DATEnIME RECEIVED BY: (S~gnature)
a
cn
ANALYTICAL LABORATORY 4&c
LABORATORY CONTACT ~ ( r k flvr;,
D&M CONTACT \(re0 uV1 PHONE. W~7.d 'f 7
500 Market Place Tower
2025 First Avenue
DAMES & MOORE seattie, Washington 98121 I
A UMCS 4 MOVIlC GliOiJIo COMlHNY
Sample
Type
ko
HF o
v. 7,
Container Type
Phonc (206) 728-0744
Filx (206) 727-3350
A
X
A
LABORATORY NOTES:
i
\
JOB NO.: \7
PROJECT: H O ml ~
LOCATION: NdSh,
68- -
ad+ */L-(
~ o o / t ? - ~ L .
&*8
1.r-\ /
W/&/
I
I
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L 0 1 -
/
-

Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
,Sample No: RC-10
Lab Sample ID: W2190 QC Report No: W219-Dames C Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9033 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/04/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr. erkins
Analyeie
Analyte Date. & Batch Method RL Unite Reeul t
Alkalinity . - 05/14/98
osi49e#1
SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 11
Total Dissolved Solids
Total Suspended Solids
05/07/98
oso198#1
05/07/98
050798#1
EPA 160.1
EPA 160.2
5.0
1.0
mg/L
mg/L
. .
2 5
- 3.8
Sulfate 05/14/98
051498#2
. EPA 375.2 2.5 mg/L 5.5
. . RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Final Report
Laboratory Analyeie of Conventional Parametere
Sample No: RC-3
Lab Sample ID: W219P QC Report NO: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9034 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
Analysie
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Unite Result
Alkalinity
Total Dissolved Solids
Total Suspended Solids
05/07/98
050798#1
05/07/98
050798#1
EPA 160.1
EPA 160.2
5.0
1.0
mg/L
mg/L
. .
-
2 9
4.3
Sulfate 05/14/98
051498#2
EPA 375.2 2.5 mg/L 5.3
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES - -
INCORPORATED

Sample No: RC-2
Lab .Sample ID: W219Q QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9035 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/03/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
Analysis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Unite Rheult
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 8.4
051498#1
Total Dissolved solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 5.0 mg/L 2 3
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 1.0 mg/L - 3.1
050798#1
Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA 375.2 2 -5 . mg/L 6.2
osi49a#2
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Method Blank Analysis
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
XBTHOD BLANK RBSULTS
CONVENTIONALS
Date & Batch Cone tituent Unite Reeul t
05/13/98 Sulfate
051398#1
05/14/98 Sulfate
051498#2
Total Dissolved Solids
Total Suspended 'Solids
Water ME3 QA Report Page 1 for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
a

@ QA Report - Replicate Analysis
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
DUPLICATE ANALYSIS RBSULTS
CONVESNTIONALS
Sample Duplicate
Constituent Units Value Value RPD
ARI ID: 98-9019, W219 A Client Sample ID: HC-4
Alkalinity mg/L CaC03 11 10 9.59
Total Dissolved Solids . mg/L 11 12 8.79
Total suspended Solids mg/L c 2.2 U < 2.2 U NA
.,...,.
ARI ID: 98-9033, W219 0 Client Sample ID: RC-10
Water Replicate QA Report Page 1 for W219 received.05/05/98
3?133
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Matrix Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicate Analyeie
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98 .
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr. M ~ e r k i n s
Sample Spike Spike
Cone titueat Units Value Value Added Recovery
ARI ID: 98-9033, W219 0 Client Sample ID: RC-10
Sulfate mg/L 5,s 25.7 20,.0 101%
MS/MSD Recovery Limits: 75 - 125 5
Water MS/MSD QA Report Page 1 for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
e
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Laboratory Control Sample8
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLES
CONVKNTIONALS
Xeaeured True
Cone tituent Unite Value Value ' Recove-
Laboratory Control Sample
Alkalinity mg/L CaC03 121
Date analyzed: 05/14/98 'Batch ID: 051498#1,
LCS QA Report Page 1 for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES '
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Standard Reference Material Analyeie
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
STANDARD REFBRQJCB MATERIAL ANALYSIS
CONVGNTIO~S
True
Constituent unit^ Value Value Recovery
SPBX#13 -22AS
Sulfate mg/L 24.8
Date analyzed: 05/13/98 Batch ID: 051398#1
SPBX#13 -22AS
Sulfate mg/L 25.7
Date analyzed: 05/14/98 Batch ID: 051498#2
SRM QA Report Page 1 for W219 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

TOTAL GASOLINE RANGE HYDROCARBONS
wTPHg Range Toluene to C12 by GC/PID
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-oi9
Data Release Authorized: 'I+ Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/12/98 5lr~h b
ANALYnCAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Client Date Dilution Gas Surr A Surr B
Lab ID Sample ID Analyzed Factor Gas Ranqe ID Rec Rec
W219-0511MB Method Blank 05/11/98 1:l 0;25 U NO' 99:3% 95.1%
98-9035-W219Q RC-2 05/11/98 1:l 0.25 U .' NO 98.1% 101%
Surrogate A is Trifluorotoluene.
Surrogate B is Bromobenzene.
Values reported in ppm (mg/L).
Quantitation on total peake in the gasoline range from Toluene to C12.
Data Qualifiers
u Compound not detected at the given detection limit.
X Value detected above linear range of instrument. Dilution required.
J Indicates an estimated value below the calculated detection limit.
S No value reported due to saturation of the detector. Dilution required.
D Indicates the surrogate was not detected because of, dilution of the extract.
NR Indicates no recovery due to matrix interference.

@
TOTAL GASOLINE RANGE HYDROCARBONS .
WTPH~ Range Toluene to C12 by GC/PID
Lab Sample ID: W219SB
LIMS ID: 98-9035
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized: liJ
~e~orted: 05/12/98

TOTAL DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBONS
TPHd Range C12 to C24 by GC/FID
nd Motor Oil
Lab ID: 98-9035
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized: 'I4
Reported: 05/14/98 $1 7 (7 )
QC Report No: W219-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Date Date Dilution Diesel .HC Motor Oil Surr
Lab ID Sample ID Extracted Analyzed Factor Ranqe ID Ranqe Rec
W219MB Method Blank 05/08/98 05/12/98 1:l 0.25 U --- 0.50 U 99.09
W219Q RC22 05/08/98 05/12/98 1:l 0.25 U --- 0 .SO U 102%
Surrogate is Methyl-Arachidate.
+ ID indicates, in the opinion of the analyst, the petroleum product with the best pattern
match. 'NO' indicates that there was not a good match for any of the requested products
Values reported in ppm (mg/L)
Diesel quantitation on total peaks in the range from C12 to C24.
Motor Oil quantitation on total peaks in the range from C24 to C38.
Dsta Qualifiers
U Compound not detected at the given detection 'limit.
J Indicates an estimated value below the calculated detection limit.
S No value reported due to saturation of the detector. Dilution required.
D Indicates the surrogate was not detected because of dilution of the extract.
E Indicates a value above the linear range of the detector. Dilution required.
NR Indicates no recovery due to matrix interference.
B Indicates compound also detected in the method blank.
FORM-1 WA TPHD

TOTAL DIBSEL RANGB HYDROCARBONS
WA TPH~ Range C12 to C24 by GC/PID
Lab Sample ID: W219SB
LIMS ID: 98-9035
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized: 'It
Reported: 05/14/98 ~/IY/* I
LABORATORY CO~ROL SAMPLB RBCOVBRY REPORT
Extracted: 05/08/98
Analyzed 05/12/98
CONSTITUENT'
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons
TPBd Surrogate Recovery
Methylarachidate 93.0%
Values reported in parts per million (mg/~)
QC Report No: W219-Dameg & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
SPIKE SPIKE %
POUND ADDRD RBCOVBRY .
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD WHITE COPY-original (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-collector PINK COPY-~rojecl Manager
DAM CONTACT: \

CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD WHITE COPY-original (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-collector PINK COPY-project Manager
RELINOUISHED BY: (Signature) DATERIME LABORATORY NOTES:
% a d 5/5/ts ~(32,
RELINQUISHED BY: (Signature) DATEITIME ' '
>~INOUISHED BY: (Signalure) DATWIME RECEIVED BY: (Signature) I I
1 ' 500 Market Place Tower
2025 First Avenuc , LOCAT.1ON: H d lh , 31 ,
DAMES & MOO RE ScaccIc, Washington 98121 I
Phonc (206). 728-0744 -
6 M001IE GIIOUI' COMIXNY Fax (206) 727-3350 DATE Ot L-
. .

CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD WHITE COPY-Original (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-Collector PINK COPY-Project Manager
Boring
or
Well
Number
Sample
Number
RELINQUISHED,BY:
€e,ornacz %/lr
E ~ ~ a xis ~ i r
Gs
Es0!7hrCrO
ccic-d
-Depth-
%I%
(Signature) -
Time
l ~ H7 l a ~
07- Yt? o
1030
DATETTIME
%-A2 ~../WA 1 3 ~
RELItQYlSHED BY: (Signature) DATEKIME
c )
RELINQUISHED BY: (Signature) DATEnlME ' RECEIVED BY: (Signature)
a
cn
ANALYTICAL LABORATORY: 46c
LABORATORY CONTACT: ~(rk Yfvr;,
Sample
Type
HJ ts
Container Type
DBM CONTACT: &'fir\ UCn PHONE: %)~7d-67qy
500 Market Place Tower
2025 First Avenue
DAMES & MOO RE .Seattle,Washington 98lX
Phone (206) 728-0744
A DmU h M0011C GIIOUI' COMIIANY
Fax (206) 727-3350
A ud+ A"-(
X .
A
I
LABORATORY NOTES:
JOB NO.: \7 @ 3 - 0 s a/q
PROJECT: I A h. ~ a
LOCATION: YB&h,*.
-w&
COO 1 e *- L
c & Y ~
I .r-> /
W/&/
4 ~ '
\ "
QP, st7
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1

@ MEMORANDUM
.-.
Date:
To:
From:
Subject:
June 8,1998
Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
Karen Mixon, Project Chemist tp)
Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial Investigation Phase Ill
Seep and Portal Data, May 1998
Dames & Moore Job #I 7693-005-01 9
The data quality review of 7 seep samples, 2 portal drainage samples, and one ventilator portal
sample collected from May 1 to May 7, 1998 has been completed. The samples were analyzed at the
Analytical Resources, Incorporated (ARI) laboratory in Seattle, Washington for total recoverable and
dissolved metals by EPA Methods 6010A, 7000 series, and 200.8 modified (including the following
metals: aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, lead,
magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silver, sodium, and zinc) and hardness by
EPA Method 6010A calculation. In addition, samples were also analyzed for the following: alkalinity by
Standard Method 2320, total dissolved solids (TDS) by EPA Method 160.1, total suspended solids (TSS)
by EPA Method 160.2, and sulfate by EPA Method 375.2. The analyses were performed in accordance
with the methods specified in EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846, January 1995,
EPA Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes, March 1983, and Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th edition, 1992. A validation package containing method
associated QAlQC data and summarized sample data was provided by the laboratory. The following
samples are associated with laboratory work orders ARI# W222 and W264:
Sam~ie I.D. ARI Sam~le # Analyses Reauested
SP-W
SP-1
DissolvedITotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSITSS, sulfate
W222BM1222K DissolvedlTotal Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate
W222CW222A (LIMS 98-9623) DissolvedlTotal Metals, alkalinity,
W222C (LIMS 98-9625) TDSKSS, sulfate
Dissolved Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate
Dissolved Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate
Dissolved Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate
Dissolved Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate

June 8,1998
Seep and Portal, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 2
Sam~le ID. ARI Sam~le # Analyses Reauested
W222HM1222B (LIMS 989624) Dissolved Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate .
Dissolved Metals, alkalinity,
TDSTTSS, sulfate
Dissolved Metals, alkalinity,
TDSKSS, sulfate
The following comments refer to ARl's performance in meeting quality control specifications
described in the EPA documents 'EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846', January.
1995, 'Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes', March 1983; and 'USEPA Contract
Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic Data ,Review', February 1994,
and Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th Edition, 1992, and the
Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) prepared for the Phase Ill Remedial Investigation dated April
17, 1998.
The report is divided into subsections based on type of analyses performed.
Total Recoverable and Dissolved'Metals
Sample aliquots for dissolved metals were filtekd and prese~ed in the field. Sample aliquots
for total recoverable metals were transferred to preserved containers in the field.
Samples were prepared in the laboratory using EPA Method 3005A; EPA 7000 series methods,
and a modified EPA 200.8 preparation method. Samples were analyzed by ICP (EPA Method 601 0A) ,
GFAA (EPA Methods 7060,7131,7421,7761), and ICP MS (EPA Method 200.8 Modified).
1. Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Tunes (ICP MS.analysis only) - Acceptable
3. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
4. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
5. Blanks
Lead (-1.0 ug/L) was detected in the continuing calibration blank (CCB) and ending CCB (-1.3
ugk) analyzed on May 24, 1998. Samples analyzed and associated with these CCBs include P-1
(dissolved), P-5 (dissolved), SP-23, and P-5 (total). As lead in all of these samples was not detected or '
exceeded the concentration detected in the CCB, the impact of the CCB is considered minimal. Data
were not qualified.
Aluminum (30 ug/L) was detected in the method blank associated with the analysis of samp1es.P-
5 (dissolved), SP-23, SP-2, SP-2X. SP-4, SP-1, and SP-27. Sample results for all samples were greater
than 10X the method blank concentration with the exception of SP-27. The result for SP-27 is less than
5X the method blank concentration and is qualified as not detected and flagged 'U' accordingly.

June 8, 1998
Seep and Portal, May 1998, Holdcn Mine
Page 3
Cadmium (0.3 ug/L) was detected in the method blank associated with P-1 (total) and P-5 (total).
As the concentration detected in the blank was at or near the detedion limit, sample results in associated
samples that are less than 5X the concentration in the blank are qualified as not detected and flagged 'U"
accordingly. Results between 5X and 10X the concentration deteded in the method blank are qualified
as estimated and flagged 'J' accordingly. Results reported as not deteded or greater than ?OX the
concentration detected in the method blank do not require qualification.
Aluminum (20 ug/L) and lead (0.3 ug1L) were detected in the method blank.associated with the
analysis'of samples VP-1 (total and dissolved) and CGD1. As the concentrations detected were at or
near the detection limit, sample results in associated samples that are less than 5X the concentration in
the blank are qualified as not detected and flagged 'U' accordingly. Results between 5X and IOX the
concentrations detected in the method blank are qualified as estimated and flagged 'J' accordingly.
Results reported as not detected or greater than 10X the concentration detected'in the method blank do
not require qualification.
6. lntemal Standards (ICP MS analysis only) -Acceptable
7. ICP Interference Check (ICP analysis only) -Acceptable
8. Laboratory Control Sample - Acceptable
9. Laboratory Duplicate Sample - ~cceptable
10. Field Duplicate - Acceptable
Sample SP-W is the.field duplicate of SP-2.
11. Matrix Spike - Acceptable
12. Graphite Fumace Atomic Absorption (GFAA) QC -Acceptable
13. ICP Serial Dilution (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
14. Detection Limits
The detection limits for beryllium, chromium, and molybdenum.were 2X the QAPP limits for
samples SP-1, SP-2, and SP-2X due to necessary sample dilutions related to other analytes.
The detection limit for lead was also raised 5X due to sample dilution. The detection limit for
arsenic was raised 5X for sampies SP-2 and SP-W. The detection limit for nickel was raised
W for sample SP-1. These metals were not considered compounds of concern at the Site; data
usability was not affected.
15. Type of Review
A summary review was performed on ICP and ICP MS data. A standard review was performed
on the G F data.
~

June 8, 1998
Seep and Portal, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 4
16. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. . Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with
data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Conventional Analvses
Samples were analyzed for total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), alkalinity,
and sulfate by EPA or other methods identified in the introduction of this report. In addition, hardness
was determined by calculation from dissolved metals analysis and reviewed for correctness.
1. Hold Time - Acceptable
-
. .
* <
2.
3.
Initial Calibration - Acceptable
Applicable for alkalinity and sulfate.
Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
Applicable for alkalinity and sulfate.
4. Blanks - Acceptable
5. Laboratory Control Sample - Acceptable
I
Applicable for alkalinity. A standard reference material (SRM) was used to evaluate sulfate.
Results were acceptable.
6; Laboratory Sample Duplicate - Acceptable
7. Field Duplicate - Acceptable
Sample SP-2X is the field duplicate of sample SP-2.
8. Matrix Spike (MS) - Acceptable
Applicable for sulfate.
9. . Detection Limits - Acceptable
The detection limit reported for sample HC-4 was 2.2 mg/L which is above the QAPP
requirement of 1.0 mgA. The increased detection limit was due to the use of reduced sample volume as
this sample was used for the laboratory duplicate analysis.
10. Type of Review - Summary

* Page
June 8.1998
Seep &d Portal, May 1998, Holden Mine
5
11. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on the EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, data are considered acceptable except where flagged
with data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Data Qualifiers
U . The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J The analyte was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample.
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitati~n limit. However, the
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in the sample.
R The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies In the ability to.analyze the sample
and meet quality control criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.

1 DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222A
LIMS ID: 98-9063
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/28/98
Prep Prep Analysis
Meth Date Method
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/01/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Analysis
Date CAS Number Analyte RL
~ Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-c~co~/L): 200
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
DISSOLVED METALS
Sample No: P-1
Lab Sample ID: W222A QC Report NO: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9063 Project : Holden. Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
te Received: 05/05/98
Data Release
Reported: 05/28/98
MATRIX SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Sample Spike Spike %
Analyte ug/L ug/L Added Recovery Q
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
'Q' codes: N = control limit not met
H = %R not applicable, sample concentration too high
= RPD control limit not met
NA = Not applicable - analyte not spiked
. .
Control Limits: Percent Recovery: 75-125%
RPD : +/-20%
FORM-V
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor P-5
I DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222B
LIMS ID: 98-9064
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/28/98
Prep Prep
Meth. Date
3005 05/23/98
7060 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
3005 ' 05/23/98
3020 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
3005 05/23./98
3005 05/23/98
3020 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
3020 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
3005 05/23/98
Analysis
Method
6010
7060
6010
6010
7131
6010
6010
6010
6010
7421
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
7761
6010
6010
Analysis
Date
05/24/98
05/26/98
05/24/98
05/24/98
05/24/98
05/24/98
05/24/98
os/a4/9s
05/24/98
05/24/98
05/24/98.
05/24/98
05/24/98
05/24/98
05/24/98
05/26/98
05/24/98
05/24/98
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/01198
Date Received: 05/05/98
CAS Number Analyte
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 98
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
7429-90-5 Aluminum
7440-38-2 Arsenic
7440-39-3 Barium
7440-41-7 Beryllium
7440-43-9 Cadmium
7440-70-2 Calcium
7440-47-3 Chromium
7440-50-8 Copper
7439-89-6 Iron
7439-92-1. Lead
7439-95-4 Magnesium
7439-96-5 Manganese
7439-98-7 Molybdenum
7440-02-0 Nickel
7440-09-7 Potassium
7440-22-4 Silver
7440-23-5 Sodium
7440-66-6 Zinc
FORM-I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
DISSOLVED METALS
Sample No: P-5
Lab Sample ID: W222B QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9064 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98 '
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/28/98
MATRIX DUPLICATE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Sample Duplicate Control
Analyte ug/L . ug/L RPD Limit Q
Aluminum 8960 8850 1.2% +/- 20 %
Arsenic 1 U 1 U 0.0% +/- 1 L
Barium 17 15 12.. 5% +/- 20 %
Beryllium 1 U 1 U 0.0% +/- 1 L.
Cadmium 70 7 0 0.0% +/- 20 %
Calcium 28300 28000 1.1% +/- 20 %
Chromium 5 U 5 U 0.0% +/- 5 . .L
Copper 4790 . 4730 , 1.3% +/- 20 %
Iron 150 160 6.5% +/- 20 %
Lead 22 2 2 0.0% +/- 20 %
Magnesium 6650 6590 0.9% +/- 20 %
Manganese 314 311 1 .d% +/- 20 %
Molybdenum 5 U 5 U 0.0% +/- 5 L
Nickel 10 U 10 U 0.0% +/- 10 L
Potassium 1880 2100 11 .l% +/- 500 L
Silver 0.2 U 0.2 U 0.0% +/- 0.2 L .
Sodium 3290 3260 0.9% +/- 20 %
Zinc 12700 12500 1.6% +/- 20 %
'Q' codes: * = control limit not met
L = RPD not valid, alternate limit = detection limit
FORM-VI
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: SP-23
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab'Sample ID: W222D
LIMS ID: 98-9066
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/28/98
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 54
U Ana-lyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium ,
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: SP-2
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222E . QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9067 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/28/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 1100
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryl-lium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: SP-2X
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222F
LIMS ID: 98-9068
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/28/98
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/~): 950
U An,a.lyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor SP-1
DISSOLVED MJ3TALS
Lab Sample ID: W222G
LIMS ID: 98-9069
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/28/98
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 600
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese ,
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassiim
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
0

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor SP-4
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222I
LIMS ID: 98-9071
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/28/98
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep .Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (rng-~a~03/~) : 130
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
iNCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: P-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222J
LIMS ID: 98-9072
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/28/98
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/01/98
Date Received: 05/05/98 ,
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L1: 210
U ~nai~te undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
. .
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: P-1
Lab Sample ID: W222J QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9072 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data.Release Authorized
Reported: 05/28/98 fP
V
MATRIX SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Sample Spike Spike %
Analyte ug /L ug/L Added Recovery Q
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
*: Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium .
Si lver
Sodium
Zinc
'Q1 codes: N = control limit not met
H =,%R not applicable, sample concentration too high
* = RPD control limit not met
NA. = Not applicable - analyte not spiked
Control Limits: Percent Recovery: 75-125%
RPD : +/-20%
FORM-V
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: P-5
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222K QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9073 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/01/98
Date Received: 05/05/90
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) : 97
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Analyte RL ug/L
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
'ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

I
a
INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: P-5
Lab Sample ID: W222K QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9073 Pro j ec t : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/28/98
MATRIX DUPLICATE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Sample Duplicate Control
Analyte ug/L ug/L RPD Limit Q
A1 uminum 13600 13700 0.7% +/- 20 %
Arsenic
Barium
1 U
19
1 U
19
0.0%
0.0%
+/- 1
+/- 20 %
L
Beryllium 1 U 1 U 0.0% +/- 1 L
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
80
28000
5 U
4800
2320
3 6
80
28000
5 U
4810
2360
3 5
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.2%
1.7%
2.8%
+/- 20 %
+/- 20 %
+/- 5
+/- 20 %
+/- 20 %
+/- 20 %
L
Magnesium 6620 6640 0.3% +/- 20 %
@ Lead
Manganese
321 322 0.3% +/- 20 %
Molybdenum 10 5 U 66.7% +/- 5 L
Nickel 10 U 10 U 0.0% +/- 10 L
Potassium 1920 1880 2.1% +/- 500 L
Silver 0.2 U 0.2 U 0.0% +/- 0.2 L
Sodium 3310 3330 0.6% +/- 20 %
Zinc 12300 12400 0.8% +/- 20 %
'Q1 codes: * = control limit not met
L = RPD not valid, alternate limit = detection limit
FORM-VI
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATEZ,

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NOS SP-27
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W264A
LIMS ID: 98-9387
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/28/98
QC Report No: W264-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693 005 019
Date Sampled: 05/07/98
Date Received: 05/08/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date . CAS Number Analyte RL
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
7060 05/23/98 7060 05/26/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-39-3 Barium
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
3020 05/23/98 7131 05/27/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98. 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/23/98 ' 6010 05/24/98 7439-89-6 Iron
3020 05/23/98 7421 05/26/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
3020 05/23/98 7761 05/26/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/23/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-66-6. Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 13
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Rep.orting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
a)

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Method Blank
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222MB
LIMS ID: 98-9064
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/28/98
QC.Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Prep Prep. Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Method Blank
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222MB QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9069 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/28/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
~6th Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Barium
Beryllium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Method Blank
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222MB
LIMS ID: 98-9073
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 05/28/98
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Prep, Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
. .
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor STD REFERENCE
I.V. Lots 869-6 and 867-12
Lab Sample ID: W222LCS QC Report NO: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9064 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data Release
Reported: 05/28/98
STD Value
Analyte Value Found Recovery
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
2000
100
1000
2030
102
960
102%
102%
96.0%
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
1000
10.0
2000
933
10.4
210.0
93.3%
104%
105%
Chromium
Copper
1000
1000
1000
978
100%
97.8%
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
2000
100
2000
2000
98.0
1990
100%
98.0%
99.5%
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassi,um
Silver
Sodium
1000
1000
1000
20000
20.0
2000
991
1010
1000
19400
20.2
1940
99.1%
101%
100%
97.0%
101%
97.0%
Zinc 1000 992 99.2%
Recovery Limits 80-120
Values reported in parts per billion (ug/L)
I.V. Lot 869-6 used £or GFA. I.V. Lot 867-12 used for ICP
FORM-111-R
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

.I.V. Lots 869-6 and 867-12
Lab Sample ID: W222LCS QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9069 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data Release
Reported: 05/28/98
STD Value
Analyte Value Found Recovery
Aluminum
Barium
Beryllium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Magnesium
e; Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Sodium
Zinc
Recovery Limits 80-120
Values reported in parts per billion (ug/L)
I.V. Lot 869-6 used for GFA. I.V. Lot 867-12 used for ICP.
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: STD REFERENCE
I.V. Lots 869-6 and 867-12
Lab Sample ID: W222LCS QC Report NO: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9073 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data ~eiease
Reported: 05/28/98
STD Value . .
Analyte Value Found Recovery
Aluminum 2000 2050 102%
Arsenic 100 92.5 92.5%
Barium 1000 960 96.0%
Beryllium 1000 936 93.6%
Cadmium 10.0 10.4 104%
Calcium 2000 2100 105%
Chromium 1000 1000 100%
Copper 1000 980 98.0%'
Iron 2000 2000 100%.
Lead 100 100 100%
Magnesium 2000 2010 100%
Manganese 1000 991 99.1%
Molybdenum 1000 1010 101%
Nickel 1000 1010 101%
Potassium 20000 19700 98.5%
Silver 20.0 20.5 102%
Sodium 2000 1950 97.5%
Zinc 1000 998 ' 99.8%
Recovery Limits 80-120
Values reported in parts per billion (ug/L)
I.V. Lot 869-6 used for GFA. I.V. Lot 867-12 used for ICP.
FORM-111-R
ANALMICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222A
LIMS ID: 98-9623
Matrix: Water
&-
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 06/01/9.8
. , .@
Sample No: VP-1
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-41-7 ~er~llium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7439-89-6 Iron
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 12
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: CC-Dl
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222B
LIMS ID: 98-9624
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 06/01/98
QC Report No: ~222-~ames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
pate Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CASNumber Analyte RL
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
,200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3.005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7439-89-6 Iron
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 05/20/98 - 200.8 05/26/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7439-98-7' Molybdenum
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 05/20/98 200.8 05/26/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 17
'U Analyte undetected at given RL
. .
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
a

TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222C
LIMS ID: 98-9625
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 06/01/98 C/
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/01/98
' Date Received: 05/05/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date. Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL -g/L
Calculated Hardness (mg-CaC03/L) :
U ~nai~te undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Method Blank
DISSOLVED METALS . .
Lab Sample ID: W222MB
LIMS ID: 98-9623
Matrix: Water
Data Release
Reported: 06/01/98
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
,17693 -005-019
Date Sampled: NA
~at'e Received: NA
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
3005 05/21/98 6010 05/24/98 7440-66-6 Zinc 4 4 U
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

METALS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W222LCS
LIMS ID: 98-9623
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 06/01/98
Sample No: VP-1
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98
BLANK SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Spike Spike %
Analyte ug/L Added Recovery Q
Arsenic 4.59 5.00 91.8%
Barium 4.97 5.00 99.4%
Beryllium 4 -46 5.00 89.2%
Cadmium 4.74 5.00 94.8%
Chromium
Copper
5.1
5.2 .
5.0
5.0
102%
104%
Lead 5.1 5.0 102%
5.10 5.00 102%
Molybdenum 5.04 5.00 101%
Nickel
5.2 5.0 104%
Silver 4.85 5.00 97.0%
@ Manganese
'Q' codes: N = control limit not met
Control Limits: 80-120%
FORM-VII
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor STD REFERENCE
.I.V. Lots 869-6 and 889-1
Lab Sample ID: W222LCS QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9623 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/28/98
STD Value
Analyte Value Found Recovery
Aluminum
Calcium
Iron .
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
zinc
Recovery ~lmits 80-120
Values reported in parts per billion (ug/L)
I.V. Lot 869-6 used"for GFA. I.V. Lot 889-1 used for ICP.
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

Sample No: P-1
Lab Sample ID: W222A QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9063 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/01/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
,Analysis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Unite Result
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 c 1.0 U
051498#1 ,
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 10 mg/L ' 54 0
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 2.2 mg/L 9.1
050798#1
Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA 375.2 75 mg/L 310
051498#2
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL'
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: P-5
Lab Sample ID: W222B QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9064 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water ' 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/01/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
Analysis
Analyte Date h Batch Method RL Units Result
Alkalinity . 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 ' c 1.0 U
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 10 mg/L' , . 260
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 2.0 mg/L 3 9
050798#1
Sulfate '05/14/98 EPA 375.2 25 mg/L 140
051498#2
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Sample No: VP-1
Lab Sample ID: W222C QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9065 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix : Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
Analysis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Unite Result
Alkalinity 05/14/98 , SM 2320 1.0 mg/L cad03 12
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 . EPA 160.1 10 mg/L < 10 u
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160 -2 1.2 mg/L 6 9
050798#1
Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA 375.2 2.5 mg/L 3.5
051498#2
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detectibn limit
Report for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATEE

Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parametere
Sample No: SP-23
Lab Sample ID: W222D QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9066 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
Analysis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Units Result
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 c . 1.0 U
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 10 mg/L 160
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 1.0 mg /L 1.5
050798#1
Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA 375.2 5.0 mg/L 88
051498#2
. . RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: SP-2
Lab Sample ID:, W222E QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9067 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
Analyeis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Units ~esult
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 < 1.0 U
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 50 mg/L 4,400
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 1.0 mg/L 9.1
050798#1
Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA 375.2 120 mg/L 2,700
051498#2
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Final Report
~aborato-~ Anelyeis of Conventional Parametere
Sample No: SP-2X
Lab Sample ID: W222F QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9068 Project : Holden Mine
~atrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Data Release Authorized &? Date Received: 0,!3/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
Analysis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Units. Result
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 c 1.0 U
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 50 mg/L 4,400
050798#1
' Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 1.0 mg/L 6.1
050798#1
' Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA 375.2 120 mg/L 2,800
051498#2
. . RL Analytical reporting limit
iJ Undetected at reported detection limit
Report.for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Final Report
Laboratcrf Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: SP-1
Lab Sample ID: W222G , QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9069 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Data h el ease Authorized: Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
Analysis
Analyte Date & Batch ~ethod RL Unita Result
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 c 1.0 U
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 16'0.1 50 mg/L * . 3,200
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 1.0 mg/L 2.2
050798#1
Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA 395.2 120 mg/L 2,000
051498#2
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection.1imi.t
Report for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

Final Re~ort -
Laboratory L?slysie of Conventional Parametere
Sample No: CC-Dl
Lab Sample ID: W222H QC'Report NO: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9070 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Data Release Authorized. M Date Received: 05/05/98
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
Analysis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Units Reeul t
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 6.8
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 10 mg/L 24
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 ' 1.0 mg/L 7.0
050798#1
Sulfate 05/14/98 EPA 375.2 25 mg/L 56
051498#2
RL '~nalytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
a

Final Report
Laboratory Analysie of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: SP-4
Lab Sample ID: W222I QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9071 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 05/02/98
Date Received: 05/05/98
Analysis
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL Units Resul t
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 c . 1.0 U
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.1 10 mg/L 280
050798#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/07/98 EPA 160.2 1.0 mg/L. c 1.0 U
050798#1
Sulfate 05'/14/98 EPA 375.2 '50 mg/L 190
051498#2
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Method Blank Analysis
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr. M P e r k i n s
METHOD BLANK RESULTS
CONVENTIONALS
Analyeie
Date & Batch Cone tituent Unite ~esuit
05/07/98 Total Dissolved Solids mg/L
050798#1
05/07/98 Total Suspended Solids mg/L
050798#1
05/14/98 Sulfate
051498#2
Water ME QA Report Page 1 for W222 received 05/05,'98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

4D
QA Report - Replicate Analysis
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98
DUPLICATE ANALYSIS RESULTS
CONVENTIONALS
Sample Duplicate
Constituent Units Value Value RPD
ARI ID: 98-9063, W222 A Client Sample ID: P-1
Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 54 0 560 3.6%
Total Suspended Solids mg/L
Sulfate mg/L
ARI ID: 98-9065, W222 C Client Sample ID: VP-1.
Water Replicate QA Report Page 1 for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Matrix.Spike/Matrix Spike Duplicate Analyeie
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 05/05/98
Data Release Authorized-
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr. WPerkins
MATRIX SPIKE QA/QC REPORT
CONVJ%NTIONAGS '
Sample Spike Spike
Constituent Units Value Value Added Recovery
ARI ID: 98-9063, W222 A Client Sample ID: P-1
Sulfate
MS/MSD Recovery Limits: 75 - 125 %
Water MS/MSD QA Report Page 1 for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

e QA Report - Laboratory Control Sample8
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/27/98 Dr.
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLES '
CONVENTIONALS
Measured True
Cons ti tuent Units Value Value Recovery
Laboratory Control Sample
Alkalinity mg/L CaC03 120
Date analyzed: 05/14/98 Batch ID: 051498#1
LCS QA Report Page 1 for W222 received 05/05/90
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Standard Reference Material Analysis *
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/27/98
QC Report No: W222-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIAL ANALYSIS
CONVENTIONALS
True
Constituent Units Value Value Recovery
SPEX #13-22AS
Sulfate mg/L 25.7 25.0 103%
Date analyzed: 05/14/98' Batch ID: 051498#2
SRM QA Report Page 1 for W222 received 05/05/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
:; i.1 3 2 1
*

Sample No: SP-27
Lab Sample ID: W264A QC Report No: W264-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9387 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693 005 019
Date Sampled: 05/07/98
Data Release Authorized:!* Date Received: 05/08/98
Reported: 06/01/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
Analyeie
Analyte Date & Batch Method RL . Unite Result
Alkalinity 05/14/98 SM 2320 1.0 mg/L CaC03 14
051498#1
Total Dissolved Solids 05/11/98 EPA 160.1 10 mg/L 350
051198#1
Total Suspended Solids 05/11/98 EPA 160.2 2.2 mg/L c 2.2 U
051198#1
Sulfate 05/13/98 EPA 375.2 2.5 mg/L 2.6
051398#1
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
Report for W264 received 05/08/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES'
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Replicate Analyeis
QC Report No: W264-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine.
17693 005 019
Date Received: 05/08/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06/01/98 Dr.
.DUPLICATE ANALYSIS RESULTS
CONVENTIONALS
Sample Duplicate
Constituent Unite Value Value RPD
ARI ID: 98-9387, W264 A Client Sample ID: SP-27
Total Dissolved Solids mg/L
350 350 0.08
Total Suspended Solids, mg/L c 2.2 U < 2.2 U NA
Sulfate mg/L 2.6 < 2.5 U N A
Water Replicate QA Report Page 1. for W264 received 05/08/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
z,J 06

QC Report No: W264-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project: Holden Mine
17693 005 019
Date Received: 05/08/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06/01/98 Dr.
MATRIX SPIKE QA/QC REPORT
CONVENTIONALS
Sample Spike Spike
Constituent Unite Value Value Added Recovery
ARI ID: 98-9387, W264 A '- Client Sample ID: SP-27
Sulfate mg/L' 2.6
MS/MSD Recovery Limits: 75 - 125 %
Water MS/MSD QA Report Page 1 for W264 received 05/08/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Laboratory Control Samples
QC Report No: W264-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
. 17693 005 019
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06/01/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLES
CONVENTIONALS
Measured True
Cons ti tuent Uni ts Value Value Recovery
Laboratory Control Sample
Alkalinity mg/~ CaC03 121
Date analyzed: 05/14/98 Batch ID: 051498#1
'LCS QA Report Page 1 for W264 received 05/08/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - Standard Reference Material Analysis
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06/01/98 Dr.
QC Report'No: W264-Dames & Moore
Proj ect : Holden Mine
17693 005 019
Date Received: NA
True
Constituent Uni ta VaXue Value Recovery
SPEX#13-22AS
Sulfate mg/L 24.8 25.0 99.23
Date analyzed: 05/13/98 Batch ID: 051398#1
SRM QA Report Page 1 for W264 received 05/08/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
v
"J 09

QA Report - Method Blank Analysis
QC Report No: W264-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Water Project : Holden Mine
17693 005 019
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized:
Reported:' 06/01/98 Dr.
METHOD BLANK RESULTS
CONVENTIONALS
Date & Batch 'Conetituent Unite Reeult
05/13/98 Sulfate
051398#1
Total Dissolved Solids
Total Suspended Solids
Water MB QA Report Page 1 for W264 received 05/08/98
ANALYrlCAL
.RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD WHITE COPY-Original (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-Collector PINK COPY-Project Manager
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RELINQUISHED BY: (Signature) DATWIME .RECEIVED BY: (Signature)
ANALYTICAL LABORATORY:
LABORATORY CONTACT: M~e-rs . JOB NO.: I WT~ 005 s 19
D&M CONTACT: ~MCYG IV\I '10 hj PHONE: PROJECT: L-D . LZ . I
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a,, MEMORANDUM
Date: June 8,1998
To: Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
From:
Subject:
Karen Mixon,. Project Chemist %r(\
Summary Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial Investigation Phase Ill
Equipment Blank, May 1998
Dames & Moore Job #17693-005-019
The summary data quality review of one equipment blank collected on May 5, 1998 has been
completed. The sample was analyzed at the Analytical Resources, Incorporated (ARI) laboratory in
Seattle, Washington for total recoverable metals by EPA Methods 6010A and 200.8 modified (including
the following metals: aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron,
lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silver, sodium, and zinc). The
analyses were performed in accordance with the methods specified in EPA Test Methods for Evaluating
Solid Waste, SW-846, January 1995. A validation package containing method associated W QC data
and summarized sample data was provided by the laboratory. The following sample Is associated with
laboratory work order ARI# W263:
Sam~le I.D. ARI Sample # Analyses Reauested
EB-05-PM W263A Total Metals
The following comments refer to ARlSs performance in meeting quality control specifications
descn'bed in the EPA documents 'EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846", January
1995 and 'USEPA Contrad Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic
Data RevieM, February 1994, and the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) prepared for the Phase
Ill Remedial Investigation dated April 17, 1998.
The sample was prepared in the laboratory using EPA Method 3005A and a modified EPA 200.8
preparation method. Samples were analyzed by ICP (EPA Method 6010A) and ICPMS (EPA Method
200.8 Modified).
1. Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Tunes (ICP MS analysis only) - Acceptable
3. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
4. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
5. Blanks
Aluminum (20 ugk), barium (0.04 ug/L), calcium (50 ug/L), lead (0.3 ug/L), and manganese
(0.07 ug/L) were detected in the method blank associated with sample EB-OSPM. As the concentrations
detected were at or near the detection limit, sample results in EB-OSPM that are less than 5X the
concentration in the blank are qualified as not detected and flagged 'U' accordingly. Results between 5X
and 10X the concentrations detected in the method blank are qualified as estimated and flagged 'J"

June 8,1998
Equipment Blank, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 2
accordingly. Results reported as not deteded or greater than 1OX the concentration detected in the
method blank do not require qualification.
The following metals were detected in the equipment blank (Ef3-05-PM): copper (0.4 ug/L), iron
(30 ug/L), and zinc (6 ug/L). Aluminum (30 ugIL), barium (0.08 ug/L), calcium (70 ug/L), lead (0.3 uglL),
and manganese (0.15 ug/L) were also detected in the equipment blank but qualified as not deteded
based on the method blank resutts. The equipment blank is associated with the equipment used for
collection of seep and portal samples during the May sampling event. Copper, iron, and zinc in seep and
portal samples were not detected or detected at concentrations greater than 10X the equipment blank
with the exception of dissolved copper (0.7 uglL) in sample VP-1. However, the total copper
concentration for VP-1 (9.6 ugR) was greater than 1OX the equipment blank. The low-level detection of
copper, iron, and zinc in the equipment blank combined with the high concentrations of these metals
detected in associated samples indicate that the sampling equipment for the seepiportal samples did not
measurably affect the data. Associated data were not qualified based on equipment blank results.
6. Internal Standards (ICP MS analysis only) - Acceptable
7. ICP Interference Check (ICP analysis only) -Acceptable
8. . Laboratory Control Sample - Acceptable
9. Laboratory Duplicate Sample - Not Applicable
A laboratory duplicate is not required for equipment blanks.
10. Field Duplicate,- Not Applicable
11. Matrix Spike - Not Applicable
A matrix spike is not required for equipment blanks.
12. ICP Serial Dilution (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
13. '
Detection Limits - Acceptable
14. Type of Review - Summary
15. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with
data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Data Qualifiers
U The analyte.was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J he analyte was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample.

June 8, 1998
Equipment Blank, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 3
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit. However, the
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in the sample.
R The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample
and meet quality control criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: EB-05-PM
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W263A
LIMS ID: 98-9386
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/21/98
QC Report No: W263-Dames & Moore .
Project : Holden Mine
17693 005 019
Date Sampled: 05/05/98
Date Received: 05/08/98 . .
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth ' Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL ~eporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Method Blank
TOTAL METALS
' Lab Sample ID: W263MB QC Report No: W263-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9386 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693 005 019
Date Sampled: NA
/ Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 05/21/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

METALS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample NO: EB-05-PM
Lab Sample ID: W263LCS QC Report No: W263-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9386 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693 005 019
Date Received: 05/08/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 05/21/98
Analyte
Arsenic.
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel '. ,
Silver
'Q1 ,codes: N
. .
= control limit not met
Control Limits : 80-120%
Spike Spike
%
ug/L Added Recovery Q
FORM- VI I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: STD REFERENCE
I.V. Lots 869-6 and 889-1
Lab Sample ID: W263LCS QC Report No: W263-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-9386 , Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693 005 019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 05/21/98
STD Value
Analyte Value Found Recovery
Aluminum ,
Calcium
Iron
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium
Zinc
Recovery Limits 80-120
Values reported in parts per billion (ug/L)
I.V. Lot ~ $9~6 used for GFA. I.V. Lot 889-1 used for ICP.
FORM-111-R
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

i TMY
!-, 7'. O
CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD WHITE COPY-~rtgina~
,
Boring
or
Well
Number
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Sample
Number
6 -35-PW
Depth
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Tlme
1b;SS
Sample
Type
U~M*
~ALYTICAL LABORATORY:
0
&BORATORY CONTACT: ~ M L 5
Container Type
(Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-collector PINK COPY-project Manager
~OBNO.: 13-b93 005 017
CONTACT: mt)(6N PHONE: I PROJECT: k w I
500 Market Place Tower
2025 Fit Avenue
DAMES & MOORE seatue. w ington 98121
<
-
LOCATION:
C/J2 63
Phone (206) 728-0744 ,-
MhtS d MOORE GROUP COMPANY Pax (206) 727-3350 DATE OF COLLECTION 2
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1

MEMORANDUM
Date: June 15,1998
To: Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
From: Karen Mixon, Project Chemist \(r(\
Subject: Standard Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial Investigation Phase Ill
Low Level Lead Data, May 1998
Dames & Moore Job #17693-005-019
The standard data quality review of 36 water samples colleded April 30 through May 5, 1998 has
been completed. The samples were submitted to Frontier Geosclences laboratory in Seattle,
Washington. The samples were analyzed for low level lead by draft EPA Method 1638 modified. The
analyses were performed in accordance with the method specified. A validatable package containing
method associated QAlQC data and summarized sample data was provided by the laboratory. The
following samples were analyzed and reported by Frontier Geosciences. The samples were identified by
the field identification.
DissolvedKotal Metals
DissolvedlTotal Metals
Dissolvecirrotal Metals
DissolvedKotal Metals
Total Metals
Dissolved/Total Metals
DissolvedlTotal Metals
Dissolved/Total Metals
DissoIved~Total Metals
Dissolvedmotal Metals
Dissolvedflotal Metals
DissolvedITotal Metals
Dissolvecirrotal Metals
Dissolved~Total Metals
Dissolvedflotal Metals
Dissolvedflotal Metals
Dissolved/Total Metals

June 15,1998
Low Level Lead, May 1998, Holden Mine
Page 2
VP- 1
SP-23
Analvses Reauested
DissolvedlTotal Metals
Dissolved Metals
The following comments refer to Frontier Geosclences' perfomance in meeting quality control
specifications described in the EPA documents 'Draft Method '1638'~ and 'USEPA Contract Laboratory
Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic Data RevieM, February 1994, and the
Quality Assurance Projed Plan (QAPP) prepared .for the Phase Ill Remedial Investigation dated April
17, 1997.
Sample aliquots for dissolved metals were filtered in the field. Samples were collected in
predeaned containers provided by Frontier. The samples were presewed immediately upon receipt by
the laboratory.
Samples were prepared in the laboratory using EPA Method 1638 modified as documented .by
Frontier Geosciences.
1. Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Tunes - Acceptable
3. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
4. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
5. Blanks - Acceptable
Blank subtradion is outlined in the method.' The reagent blank was properly analyzed and
results were averaged per the method for the purpose of blank subtraction related to sample calculation.
6. Internal Standards - Acceptable
7. Laboratory Control Sample - ~cceptable
8. Laboratory Duplicate Sample - Acceptable
9. Field Duplicate - Acceptable
A field duplicate for RC-4 was submitted and labeled RC-4X.
10. Matrix SpikeIMatrix Spike Duplicate (MSIMSD) - Acceptable
A MSIMSD was performed on the total fraction'of sample RC-4 and RC-10.
11. Detection Limits - Acceptable
12. Type of Review - Standard

. June 15,1998
Low Level Lead, May 1998, Holden Mine
13. Overall Assessment of Data
'
The usefulness. of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with
data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Data Qualifiers
U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J The analyte was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample.
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit. However, the
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in the sample.
R The sample results are rejected due to seFious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample
and meet quality control criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.

Sample Results for Dames and Moore
Reported by Frontier Geosciences Inc.
Sample ID Total Pb (pglL) Diss. Pb (pglL) Date Digested Date Analyzed
CC-1 0.060 ND 5/6/98 5/8/98
HC-1 0.054 0.018 5/6/98 5/8/98
BIG-1 ND ND 5/6/98 5/8/98
RC-I 0 0.201 0.082 5/6/98 5/8/98
RC-5 0.249 0.106 5/6/98 5/8/98
RC-3 0.159 0.053 5/6/98 5/8/98
RC-7 0.295 0.126 5/6/98 5/8/98
RC-2 0.284 0.107 5/6/98 5/8/98
VP-1 1.66 0.01 5 5/6/98 5/8/98
SP-23 0.220 5/6/98 5/8/98
RC-11 0.139 - 5/6/98 5/8/98
R L 0.01 1 0.01 1
ND = Lead concentration in sample found to be less than the RL.
Matrix: Waters Date Received: 5/6/98

"
QC Summary for Dames and Moore
Reported by Frontier Geosciences Inc.
E!kmks tPbl(~91L)
PBWl . 0.002
Mean PBW 0.004
Std Dev 0.003
Est MDL 0.008
Reporting Limit 0.01 1
SRMs: [Pbl (P~IL)
Identity NlST 1643d
Certified Value 18.15
LCSWl 18.19
% Rec. 100.2
LCSW 18.06
% Rec. 99.5
RPD 0.7
ix QC; [Pbl (vglL) [pbl (vglL)
Sample QCed RC-4 Sample QCed RC-10
Sample Conc. 0.276
MD Conc. 0.278
RPD 0.7
. . .
, .
Spiking Level
MS Conc.
1.000
1.312
% Rec. 103.5
MSD Conc. 1.377
% Rec. 11 0.0
RPD 4.8
Sample Conc. . 0.201
MD Conc. 0.200
RPD 0.4
Spiking Level 1 .OOO
MS Conc. 1.204
% Rec. 100.3
MSD Conc. 1.208
% Rec. 100.7
RPD 0.3

S&
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: Oi1%, -'I~cLWL - Company: FC7 J lue ~ce/@
4 6 1% Time: \UZo Condition of ambles Upon arrival: ~o 18 y~c-
)n of unused sample (circle one) rontier Disp6 /Return to Client/Ship to 3rd party (discuss with Frontier project manager)
I
~cr\Lil'n\ h&',

I fa
I / -
Froi~tler Geosciences Inc.
414 Pontius Avenue North
sciences Inc. COC Form, Version IV, 1/15/98
Frontier Client DCI- LA \I ma* Phone # a&.. 72?-07~L/
I Seattle, WA 98109
(206) 622-6960 fax (206) 622-6870
Client Contact
Address
/

Frontier Geosciences Inc.
414 Pontius Avenue North
(206) 622-6960 fax (206) 622-6870
info@fronfier.wa.com
Chain-of-Custody (COC)
Frontier Client Dm, {fhoss, Phone # ~ O L735 - - DT~V
Client Contact . WCI rn;r cn Fax # Jog - 7a7 -33 ro
Address %.~hrkt\- SltteT~Project Name Holho? .k.
A+ RVQ ' Contract/PO #
&~\rk, %I+~
nteed TAT Confirmation of Sample Arrival at Lab (Y/N) QA Level: Standard 0 High a Low 0
- - -
# ( Sample ID 1 Matrix ( DatelTime Sampled I Collected By I Preservation I Analysis RequiredComrnents I
I I I I I I
~ished by (signature): $1 C& 6hQ Received by (signature):
ame: Kiwi ' L . .fr~ , ytr,
ny: 0- ~~~
s% /?z Time: 1030
Print Name:
company: FG c C
Condition of samples upon arrival:
ition of unused sample (circle one)
/
to Client/Ship to 3rd party (discuss with Frontier project manager)
Geosciences Inc. COC Form, Version IV, 1/15/98
L
'4
,,- btbe al bposinr, ( G ~
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*

Date:
To:
From:
Subject:
June 25, 1998
Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
Karen Mixon, Project Chemist $!
Summary Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial Investigation Phase Ill
Ventilator Portal Sample, June 1998
Dames & Moore Job #17693-005-019
The summary data quality review of one sample collected on June 14, 1998 has been completed.
The sample was analyzed at the Analytical Resources, Incorporated (ARI) laboratory in Seattle,
Washington for total recoverable and dissolved metals by EPA Methods 6010A and 200.8 modified
(including the following metals: aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium,
copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silver, sodium, and zinc).
The analyses were performed in accordance with the methods specified in EPA Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846, January 1995. A validation package containing method associated
QAJQC data and summarized sample data was provided by the laboratory. The following sample is
associated with laboratory work order ARI# W676:
.a
Sample I.D. ARI Sample # Analvses Requested
; -,. ,... .i "P-1
W676A Dissolved Metals
. j.
VP-1 W676B Total Metals
The following comments refer to ARl's performance in meeting quality control specifications
described in the EPA documents "EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846", January 1995
and "USEPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic Data
Review", February 1994, and the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) prepared for the Phase Ill
Remedial lnvestigation dated April 17, 1998.
The sample was prepared in the laboratory using EPA Method 3005A and a modified EPA 200.8
preparation method. Samples were analyzed by ICP (EPA Method 6010A) and ICPMS (EPA Method
200.8 Modified).
1. Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Tunes (ICP MS analysis only) - Acceptable
3. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
4. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable .
5. Blanks
Copper (0.2 ug/L), manganese (0.04 ug/L), and sodium (60 ug/L) were detected in the method
blank associated with sample VP-1 (total and dissolved analyses). As the concentrations detected were
at or near the detection limit. sample results in VP-1 (total and dissolved) that are less than 5X the

June 25, 1998
Ventilator Portal, June 1998, Holden Mine
Page 2
concentration in the blank.are qualified as not detected and flagged "U" accordingly. Results between 5X
and 10X the concentrations detected in the method blank are qualified as estimated and flagged "J" ,
accordingly. Results reported as not detected or greater than 10X the concentration detected in the
method blank do not require qualification.
6. Internal Standards (ICP MS analysis only) - Acceptable
7. ICP Interference Check (ICP analysis only) -Acceptable
8. Laboratory Control Sample - Acceptable
9. Laboratory Duplicate Sample - Not Applicable
A laboratory duplicate was not performed due to the limited number of samples.
10. Field Duplicate - Not Applicable
1 1. Matrix Spike - Not Applicable
A matrix spike was not performed due to the limited number of samples.
12. . ICP Serial Dilution (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
13. Detection Liniits - Acceptable
14. Type of Review - Summary
15. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with data
qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
The result for dissolved zinc is reported as 41 1 ugIL; however, the zinc concentration reported for
the total fraction is 4 ug1L. The ICP raw data was reviewed for calculations and no errors were identified.
The laboratory analyzed a serial dilution on the dissolved fraction, reanalyzed dissolved fraction directly
from the original sample container, and reviewed calculations. No errors were identified and the
reanalyses of the dilutions and additional sample resulted in concentrations similar to 411 ugIL. This
result appears to be an anomaly and should be considered as such during data evaluation and use.
Data Qualifiers
. U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J The analyte. was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample. '
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit. However, the
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in the sample.

June 25, 1998
Ventilator Portal, June 1998, Holden Mine
Page 3
R The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample
and meet quality control criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: VP-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W676B OC Report No: W676-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-12170 Project :
Matrix: Water Holden Mine
Date Sampled: 06/15/98
Date Received: 06/15/98
Data Release
Reported: 06/22/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potasqium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: VP-1
DISSOLVED METALS
Lab Sample ID: W676A
LIMS ID: 98-12169
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 06/22/98 /
../
QC Report No: W676-Dames & Moore
Project:
Holden Mine
Date Sampled: 06/15/98
Date Received: 06/15/98
Prep Prep Analysis ~nalysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ug/L
3005 06/17/98 6010 06/18/98 7429-90-5 Aluminum
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7440-38-2 Arsenic
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7440-39-3 Barium
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7440-41-7 Beryllium
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium
3005 06/17/98 6010 06/18/98 7440-70-2 Calcium
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7440-47-3 Chromium
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7440-50-8 Copper
3005 06/17/98 6010 06/18/98 7439-89-6 Iron
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7439-92-1 Lead
3005 06/17/98 6010 06/18/98 7439-95-4 Magnesium
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7439-96-5 Manganese
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7439-98-7 Molybdenum
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7440-02-0 Nickel
3005 06/17/98 6010 06/18/98 7440-09-7 Potassium
200.8 06/17/98 200.8 06/18/98 7440-22-4 Silver
3005 06/17/98 6010 06/18/98 7440-23-5 Sodium
3005 06/17/98 6010 06/18/98 7440-66-6 Zinc
Calculated Dissolved Hardness (mg-CaC03/L): 15
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Method Blank
TOTAL MGTALS
Lab Sample ID: W676MB
LIMS ID: 98-12170
Matrix: Water
w'
Data Release Authorized.
Reported: 06/22/98
w
QC Report NO: W676-Dames & Moore
Project:
Holden Mine
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryl 1 ium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium.
Copper
Iron
Lead .
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Zinc .
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

. Lab
' INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: STD REFERENCE
I.V. Lots 869-6 and 889-1
-*
e C'
Sample ID: W676LCS
LIMS ID: 98-12170
Matrix: Water
Data Release Authorized.
Reported: 06/22/98 #/
I.; s,
QC Report No: W676-Dames & Moore
Pro j ec t :
Holden Mine
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
STD Value
Analyte Value Pound Recovery
Aluminum 2000 2090 104%
Calcium 2000 2190 110%
Iron 2000 2100 105%
Magnesium 2000 2060 103%
Potassium 20000 21000 105%
Sodium 2000 2020 101%
Zinc 1000 1030 103%
Recovery Limits 80-120
Values reported in parts per b~llion (ug/L)
I.V. Lot 869-6 used for GFA. I.V. Lot 889-1 used for ICP.
FORM-111-R
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
-TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: W676LCS
LIMS ID: 98-12170
Matrix: Water
)&i'
~ata Release Authorize
Reported: 06/22/98
Analyte
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Silver
,/ ,'
QC Report No: W676-Dames & Moore
Project:
/- Holden Mine
BLANK SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
'Q' codes: N = control limit not met
Control Limits: 80.-120%
Spike Spike
%
-/L Added Recovery Q
'
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD WHITE COPY-Original (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW ~~~~-~ollector PINK COPY-Project ~ana!
;t?
0 u 2:
Boring € 2 SE
or
.
5~ E$
Well Sample Sample gE 5:
Number Number Depth Time Type Container Type
B2.5 w m X
RELINQUISHED BY (S~gnature) DATEKIME ~ ~ ~ E l ~ E ~ ~ ~ i ~ n a t u r e )
I ,
LABORATORY NOTES:
LABORCTORY CONTACT ~~Q~PIS JOB NO.: /?6?(j -005 ~ OIG
D ~ CONTACT. M
PHONE: 206 ?2? m4 PROJECT:
6 253
500 Market Place Tower
2025 First Avenue LOCATION:
DAMES & MOORE Seattle., Washington 98121
Phone (206) 728-0744
A ONES 6 MOORE GROUP COMPANY Fax (206) 727-3350 DATE OF COLLECTION 6 I I{

- Date: December 11, 1998
,
. . , , . > .
To: Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
From: Karen Mixon, QA/QC Manager iw
Subject: Standard Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial Investigation Phase Ill
Sediment Data, Fall 1998
Dames & Moore Job #I 7693-005-01 9
The standard data quality review of 18 sediment samples and 2, equipment blanks collected from
October 15 through Octoberl6, 1998 has been completed. The samples were analyzed at the Analytical
Resources, Incorporated (ARI) laboratory in Seattle, Washington for metals by EPA Methods 601 0A and
200.8 modified (including the' following metals: aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead,
manganese, and zinc), pH by EPA Method 150.1, total solids by EPA Method 160.3, total volatile solids
(TVS) by EPA Method 160.4, total organic carbon (TOC) by Plumb, 1981, and acid volatile sulfides
(AVS) by EPA method dated 1991. The analyses were performed in accordance with the methods
specified in EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846, January 1995, EPA Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes,. March 1983, EPA method "Determination of' Acid Volatile
Sulfides and Simultaneously Extractable Metals in Sediment", April 1991 ; and Plumb, ,1981. Grain size
analyses were subcontracted by ARI to Rosa Environmental & Geotechnical Laboratory, LLC (REG)
located in Seattle, Washington. The grain size analyses were performed in accordance with Puget
Sound Estuary Program (PSEP) guidelines. The laboratory provided a validation package containing
method associated QAIQC data as well as sample data. The following samples are associated with
laboratory work order ARI# Y931:
Sample I.D. ARI Sample #
STE-SED-101698-1
STE-SED-101698-2
STE-SED-101698-3A
STE-SED-101698-38
STE-SED-101698-3C
STE-SED-101698-4
LUC-SED-101698-2-2
LUC-SED-101698-1-2
LUC-SED-101598-3.5-2
LUC-SED-101598-3-1 A
LUC-SED-101598-1-1
LUC-SED-101598-3-2
LUC-SED-101598-3.5-1
LUC-SED-101598-3-1 C
LUC-SED-101598-3-1 B
LUC-SED-101598-5-2
LUC-SED-101598-2-1
LUC-SED-101598-5-1
Rinse 1011 5/98
Rinse 1011 6198
The sample matrix is sediment with the exception of samples Rinse 10115198 and Rinse 10/16/98
which are equipment blank samples (water).
DAMES & MOORE

December 1 1, 1998
Sediment Data, Fall 1998, Holden Mine
Page 2
The following comments refer to ARl's performance in meeting quality control specifications
described in the EPA documents "EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846", January
1995, 'Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes", March 1983, and "USEPA Contract
Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic Data Review', February 1994.
AVS, TOC, and grain size data were evaluated using guidance referenced in methods published in the
following sources: "Determination of Acid Volatile Sulfides and Simultaneously Extractable Metals in
Sediment", EPA, April 1991, PSEP guidelines, and Plumb 1981. Data were also reviewed in reference
to the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) prepared for the Phase Ill Remedial Investigation
referenced in addendum (August 28, 1998) to the Sampling and Analysis Plan.
Metals
The ,report is divided into subsections based on type of analyses performed.
Samples were prepared in the laboratory using EPA Methods 3010, 3050, and 200.8 as
appropriate. Samples were analyzed by ICP (EPA Method. 6010A) and ICP MS (EPA Method 200.8
Modified) methods.
1. Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Tunes (ICP MS analysis only) - Acceptable
3. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
4. Continuing calibration - Acceptable
5. Blanks
Aluminum (21.3 uglL) was detected in the continuing calibration blank (CCB) analyzed prior to
samples STE-SED-101698-4, LUC-SED-101698-2-2, LUC-SED-101698-1-2, LUC-SED-101598-3.5-2,
LUC-SED-101598-3-1A, LUC-SED-101598-1-1, LUC-SED-101598-3-2, LUC-SED-101598-3.5-1,
LUC-SED-101598-3-1 C, and LUC-SED-101598-3-1 B. As the concentration of aluminum in the samples
was several orders of magnitude above the CCB concentration, the data were not affected. Data
qualifiers were not assigned.
Aluminum (7 mglkg) was detected in the method blank associated with the sediment samples in
this sample group. The concentration of aluminum detected, in the samples was greater than 10X the
concentration detected in the method blank. Data were not qualified.
Aluminum (0.03 mg/L) was detected in the method blank associated with samples Rinse
10/1 5/98 and Rinse 10116198. The following metals were detected in the rinsate blanks:
Rinse I011 5/98 Rinse 10/1 6/98
Aluminum 0.17 mg/L Aluminum 0.10 mg/L
Manganese 0.0003 mglL Iron 0.03 mg/L
Zinc 0.203 mg/L Manganese 0.0006 mg/L
Zinc 0.007 mg/L
The aluminum results were qualified as not detected in the rinsate samples due to CCB results.
The concentration of manganese, iron, and zinc in the associated sediment samples were orders of
magnitude higher than the rinsate blanks. The sample data were not affected. Data were not qualified.
DAMES & MOORE

December 1 1, 1998
Sediment Data, Fall 1998, Holden Mine
Page 3
6. Internal Standards,(lCP MS analysis only) - Acceptab!e
7. ICP Interference Check (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
8. Laboratory Control Sample (LCS) - Acceptable
A standard reference material (SRM) was analyzed in lieu of a typical LCS. Lead recovery
(124%) in the SRM associated with this sample set was above the typical LCS control limits of
80 to 120%. However, the recovery was within the advisory range published by the supplier.
Data were not qualified based on the LCS recoveries.
9. Laboratory Duplicate Sample - Acceptable
10. Field Duplicate
Field replicates were collected and labeled LUC-SED-101598-1A, -1~; and -1C. Data were
comparable for all analyses. It is noted that the relative percent difference for cadmium was 53%. Data
qualifiers were not assigned based on the field replicate results.
11. Matrix Spike
A matrix spike was performed on sediment sample STE-SED-101698-1. Aluminum (210%) and
iron (51 1%) recoveries were outside of the control limits (75-125%). The concentration of aluminum and
iron in the original sample exceeded the spiking concentration by greater than 4X. Data qualification was
not required.
12. ICP Serial Dilution (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
13. Detection Limits - ~cceptable
14. Type of Review - Standard
15. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with
data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Conventional Analvses
Samples were analyzed for pH, total solids, total volatile solids (lVS), acid volatile sulfides
(AVS), total organic carbon (TOC), and grain size by EPA or other appropriate methodology identified in
the introduction to this report.
1. Hold Time
The analysis for pH in the sediment samples was performed 14 days after sample collection. As
pH generally should be analyzed as soon as possible after sample collection, the data is qualified as
estimated and flagged "J" accordingly.
DAMES & MOORE

December 1 1, 1998
Sediment Data, Fall 1998, Holden Minc
Page 4
2. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
3.
Applicable to AVS and TOC analyses only.
' Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
Applicable to AVS and TOC analyses only.
4. Blanks - Acceptable
5. Laboratory Control Sample (LCS) - Acceptable
Applicable to pH, AVS, and TOC analyses only.
6. Laboratory Sample Duplicate - Acceptable . .
Per PSEP guidelines for grain size analysis, one sample was analyzed in triplicate.
7. Field Duplicate - Acceptable
Field replicates were collected and labeled LUC-SED-101598-1A; -1 B, and -1 C. Results
indicate that total solids are similar. TOC, N S, AVS, and pH results indicate variability. The results did
not indicate variability related specifically to a sample but variability by analytical method from sample to
sample. It appears that the variability is not due to sampling technique but specifically to individual
sample content. Data were not qualified based on field replicate results.
8. Matrix Spike (MS) -Acceptable
Applicable to AVS and TOC analyses only.
9. Detection Limits - Acceptable
10. Type of Review - Summary
1 1. Overall Assessment of Data
The u.sefulness of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with
data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Data Qualifiers
U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J The analyte was positively identified; 'the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample.
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit. However, the
'
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in the sample..
DAMES & MOORE

, .
'
December 1 1, 1998
Sediment Data, Fall 1998, Holden Mine
Page 5
The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample
and meet quality control criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.
DAMES & MOORE

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor STE-SED-101698-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931A QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21651 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
Percent Total Solids: 58.7%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis.
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL mg/kg - dry
U ~na'l~te undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORQANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: STE-SED-101698-2
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931B QC Report NO: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21652 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
Percent Total Solids: 59.8%
Prep Prep Analysia Analyeis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number. . Analyte RL mg/kg-dry
. .
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED e

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor STB-SBD-101698-3A
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931C
LIMS ID: 98-21653
Matrix: Sediment
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 39.2%
prep prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number. Analyte RL m~/kg-*
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: STE-SED-101698-3B
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931D
LIMS ID: 98-21654
Matrix: Sediment
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden .Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98 .
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98
L/ Percent Total Solids: 43.8%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number. Analyte RL mg/kg-drY
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED a

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: STE-SED-101698-3C
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931E QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21655 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: ' 11/04/98
Percent Total Solids: 34.9%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date , , Method Date CAS Number . ' Analyte RL w/kg-dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No1 STE-SED-101698-4
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931F QC Report NO: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21656 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
. Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
w Percent Total Solids: 45.5%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number. Analyte , RL
. .
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsdc
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
w/kg-dry

' INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEW Sample Nor LUC-SED-101698-2-2
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931G
LIMS ID: 98-21657
Matrix: Sediment
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 51.1%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ~/k!3-dW
,
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganes e
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHBBT Sample No: LUC-SBD-101698-1-2
TOTAL MSTALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931H
LIMS ID: 98-21658
Matrix: Sediment
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/04/98
ANALYTICAL
I RESOURCES
INCORPORATED a
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 40.1%
Prep Prep . Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number . Analyte RL %/kg-dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
' Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor LUC-SED-101598-3.5-2
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931I QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21659 Pro j ec t : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release
Reported: 11/04/98
Percent Total Solids: 39.4%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date . Method Date CAS Number. Analyte RL =/kg-dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALWICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED'

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET sample Nor LUC-SED-101598-3-1A
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931J QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21660 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98
Percent Total Solids:'43.1%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number. Analyte RL mg/kg-dry
. .
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

e. INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: LUC-SBD-101598-1-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931K
LIMS ID: 98-21661
Matrix: Sediment
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 74.3%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL -/kg -dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
.RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
- TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931L
LIMS ID: 98-21662
Matrix: Sediment
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
Sample Not LUC-SBD-101598-3-2
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 32.1%
. Prep Prep Analysis Analysis.
Meth Date Method Date CA8 Number Analyte RL -/kg-*
'U Analyte undetected at given RL
. .
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Areexiic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron .
~ead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES --
INCORPORATED
0

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: LUC-SED-101598-3.5-1
TOTAL WTALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931M
LIMS ID: 98-21663
Matrix: Sediment
Data Release Authorize
~e~orted: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 49.1%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ~/kg-dr~
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arseziic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc

INOROANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor LUC-SBD-101598-3-1C
TOTAL PlETALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931N
LIMS ID: 98-21664
Matrix: Sediment
Data Release
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 45.7%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
Prep Prep Analyeie Analyeie
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL mg/kCI-dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
. .
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor ~~~-SE~-i01598-3-1~
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y9310 QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21665 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
Percent Total Solids: 33.3%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date ~ethod . Date CAS Number . Analyte RL JW/kg-d~
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cawurn
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET ' Sample NO: LUC-SED-101598-5-2
TOTAL XETALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931P QC Report NO: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21666 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
Percent Total Solids: 50.3%
Prep Prep Analyeis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number - Analyte RL %/kg--
U Analyte undetected at given RL
. .
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: LUC-SED-101598-2-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931Q
LIMS ID: 98-21667
Matrix: Sediment
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project :. Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 75 -4%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number . Analyte RL m~/kg-*
U Anqlyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
'Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor LUC-SED-101598-5-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931R QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21668 Project: Holden Mine
~atrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release
Reported: 11/04/98
Percent Total Solids: 43.1%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number . Rnalyte RL
. .
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL ~eporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium.
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganes e
Zinc
w/kg-*
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORQANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Not Method Blank
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931ME4
LIMS ID: 98-21651
Matrix: Sediment
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/0'4/98 P'*-
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project: ~oiden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
.'Percent . .. Total Solids: NA
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth ate Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL WI/kg-dry
U .Ana,lyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Not STD REFERENCE
ERA Lot 233
Lab Sample ID: Y931-SRM QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21651 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98 w Certified Advisory
Analyte -/kg-* Value Range
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
FORM-VII
ANALYTICAL

@ INORGANIC ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: STE-SED-101698-1
Lab Sample ID: Y931A QC Report No: Y931-~ames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21651 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
te Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
MATRIX DUPLICATE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Analysis Sample Duplicate Control,
Analyte Method =/kg-dry -/kg-dry RPD Limit Q
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
zinc
= control limit not met
L r RPD not valid, alternate limit = detection limit
FORM-VI
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample NO: STE-SED-101698-1
Lab Sample ID: Y931A . . QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21651 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release
Reported: 11/04/98
w MATRIX SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Analyte
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
'Q' codes:
Analysis Sample Spike Spike . , %
Method mg/kg-dry mg/kg-dry Added Recovery Q
N = control limit not met
H = %R not applicable, sample concentration too high
* = RPD control limit not met
NA, = ~ot' applicable - analyte not spiked
Control Limits: Percent Recovery: 75-125%
RPD : +/-20%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHBBT Sample No: Rinse 10/15/98
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931S QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21669 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/19/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/09/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL -/L
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL ~e~0rti.n~ Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
' .-

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor Rinse 10/16/98
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931T QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21670 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/19/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/09/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Rnalyte Rb
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM - I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
e

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHBBT Sample Nor Method Blank
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931MB QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21669 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Water 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/09/98
Prep prep AnalysiP Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y931LCS
/
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21669 Project: Holden Mine
~atrix: Water 17693-005-019
Data Release Authorized:
~eported: 11/09/98
Analyte
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
BLANK SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
'Q" codes: N = control limit not met
Control Limits: 80-120%
Spike Spike
%
mg/L Added Recovery Q
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

a Final
Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: STE-SED-101698-1
Lab Sample ID: Y931A QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21651 Project: Holden Mine
.Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/i6/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr.
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Analysis Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method Factor RL Units Result
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std .units 5.8 .T
;..;
Total solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 60'. 3
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg 38,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
~cid volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991 0.85 mg/kg 2.9
@ Total Organic Carbon
102198#1
10/27/98 Plumb,1981
102798#1
0.0050 Percent . 1.6
pH determined on 1: 1 soi1:D. I. water extracts.
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/1g/g8

Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: STE-SED-101698-2
Lab Sample ID: Y931B QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21652 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Data Release Authorized: &# Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
ANALMICAL
RESOURCES
Analysis . Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method Factor RL Units Resul t
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std units 5.5 Yr
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 62.5
102798#1 SM 2540 B .
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg 54,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile, Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991
102198#1
Total Organic Carbon 0.0050 Percent
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts.
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

0
Final Report
Laboratory Analysie of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: STB-SBD-101698-3A
Lab Sample ID: Y931C QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21653 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Analyeie Dilution .
Analyte Date/Batch Method Factor RL. Unite Rertult
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std units 5.6
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 40.8
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 ' mg/kg 140,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991
102198#1
a ~otal
., .. - ..
Organic Carbon
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts.
I
0 : 0050 Percent
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

Pinal Report
Laboratory Analyeie of Conventional Parametere
Lab Sample ID: Y931D
LIMS ID: 98-21654
Matrix: Sediment
Sample No: STE-SED-101698-3B
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693'-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Data Release i\uthorized:M Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte ~ate/Batch Method Factor RL Unite Reeult
PH 10/29/98 EPA 150.1 std units 5.6
102998#1 SM 4500 H
Total Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 36.5
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile.Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg ' 190,000
. . 102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991 1.5 mg/kg < 1'.5: U
102198#1
~otal Organic Carbon . 10/27/98 Plumb,1981
102798#1
0.0050 Percent 4.2
pH determined on 1:1 soi1:D.I. water extracts. kh %, /5p
RL Analytical reporting limit
u Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98
"0

a - Final Report
Laboratory Analyeie of Conventional Parametere
Sample No: STB-SED-101698-3C
~ a 'sample b ID: Y931E QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21655 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Data Release Authorized: @-$
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
ANALY~ICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Analyeis Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method ' Factor RL Unite Reeult
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std units 5.8
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 40.2
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg 150,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991 1.4 mg/kg c 1.4. U
102198#1
i. ~0tal Organic Carbon 10/27/98 Plumb,1981
102798#1
2.2 0.011 Percent 3.3
0.
.;: ');;*'
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts. km 'LAI I,iv
R.L Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
~ Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

@
Final Report
Laboratory Analysie of Conventional Parametere
Sample No: STE-SBD-101698-4
Lab Sample ID: Y931F QC.Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21656 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Data Release Authorized:m Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method Factor RL Unite Result
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
; 102998#1 SM 4500 H
std units 5.5 -J
Total Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent ', 47.4
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg 100,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide . 10/21/98 EPA 1991
102198#1
Total Organic Carbon 10/27/98 Plumb, 1981
102798#1
0.0050 Percent
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts. k~'%,/~~
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

Final Report
Laboratory Analyeis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: LUC-SW-101698-2-2
Lab Sample ID: Y931G QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21657 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Data Release Authorized
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte DateIBatch Metbod , Factor RL Unite Reeult
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std units 5.0 3-
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0;01 Percent 49.8
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mglkg' 130,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991 1.0 mg/kg
102198#1
. a1 Organic Carbon
.- "..
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. 'water extracts.
10/27/98 Plumb,1981 4.7 0.023 Percent 10
102798#1
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98
KM'%,,,$

Final Report
Laboratory Analyeie of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: LUC-SBD-101698-1-2
Lab Sample ID: Y931H QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21658 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/16/98
Data Release Authorized. Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method Factor FtL Unite Reeult
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std unite 5.3 7T
Total Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.3 ' 0.01 Percent 44.3
102798#1 SM 2540 B . .
~otal Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 . kg 140,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991
102198#1
Total Organic Carbon 10/27198 Plumb,1981 3.8 0.019 Percent
102798#1
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts.
RL Analytical reporting limit
u Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in.method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

a; Organic
3. - .,
Final Report
Laboratory Analyeie of Conventional Parametere
Sample No: LUC-SED-101598-3.5-2
Lab Sample ID: Y931I QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21659 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release ~ uthorired:W Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
Analyaie Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method Factor ' RL Unite Result
Total solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
std units 5.7 -S
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 41.0
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg 110,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide' 10/21/98 EPA 1991 10 15 w/kg
102198#1
Carbon
10/27/98 Plumb,1981 2.2 0.011 Percent
102798#1
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts., kh '%t,4y
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/1g/g8

Final Report
~aborato-~ Analyeie of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: LUC-SKD-101598-3-1A
Lab Sample ID: Y931J QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21660 Project : Holden Mine
~atrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr.
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte DateIBatch Method Factor RL Unite Result:
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
10/27/98 EPA 160.3
102798#1 SM 2540 B
std units
0.01 Percent 44 -4
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg 120,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991 . 10. 13 . mg/kg . 120.
102198#1
Total Organic Carbon 10/27/98 Plumb,1981 3.0 0.015 Percent 7.9
102798#1 I
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts. K M '%I/9k
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

-.
Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: LUC-SRD-101598-1-1
Lab Sample ID: Y931K QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21661 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Analysis Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method Factor RL Units Result
Total Solids
'5
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
io299a#i SM 4500 H
std units 6.0 -5-
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 75.2
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg 11,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991
102198#1
Total Organic Carbon 10/27/98 Plumb,1981
102798#1 ...
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts.
0.0050 Percent
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

Final Report
Laboratory Analyeis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: LOC-SED-101598-3-2
Lab Sample ID: Y931L QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21662 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr.
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte Date/~atch Method Factor RL Unite Reeult
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
0
std units 5.4 7
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 40.6
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 . mg/kg 150,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991 5.0 6.2 , mg/kg
102198#1
~otal Organic Carbon 10/27/98 Plumb,1981
io279a#1
8.0 0.040 Percent 14
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts.
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

Final Report
Laboratory Analyeis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: LUC-SED-101598-3.5-1
Lab Sample ID: Y931M QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21663 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
Analyrrie Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method Factor RL Unite Reeul t
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED .
std units 5.5 -S
10/27/98 . EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 55.8
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg 66,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991 2.0 1.9 mg/kg
102198#1
a Total'
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts.
Organic Carbon 10/27/98 Plumb, 1981 3.4 0.017 Percent
102798#1
-
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

Final Report
Laboratory Analysie of Conventional Parametere
Sample No: LUC-SED-101598-3-1C
Lab Sample ID: Y931N QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21664 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. %f Perkins
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte ~ate/~atch
Method Factor RL Unite Result
std units 5.3 T-
Total Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 46.9
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg ' 130,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98. EPA 1991 ' 1.1 mg/kg , . c 1.1 .U
102198#1.
Total Organic Carbon 10/27/98 Plumb,1981 4.0 0.020 Percent 11
102798#1
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water &tracts.
RL Analytical reporting limit,
U Undetected at reported.detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

Final Report
Laboratory Analyeie of Conventional Parametere
Sample No: LUC-SED-101598-3-1B
Lab Sample ID: Y9310 QC Report .No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21665 Project: Holden Mine
~atrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release A uthoriredM date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Analyeis Dilution
APalyte Date/Batch Method Faator RL Unite Reeult
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std units 4.7 3-
10/27/98. EPA 160.3 0 -01 Percent 35.8
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4
102798#1 SM 2540 E
1.0 mg/kg 220.. 000
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991
102198#1
a: Total Organic Carbon
...-
10/27/98 Plumb,1981
102798#1
8.4 0.042 Percent
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts.
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

Final Report
Laboratory Analyeis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: LUC-SED-101598-5-2
Lab Sample ID: Y931P QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21666 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release Authorized: & Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method Pactor RL Unite Result
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std units
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 . 0.01 Percent 52.5
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4. 1.0 mg/kg 67,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991
102198#1
Total Organic Carbon 10/27/98 Plumb,1981 0.0050 Percent
102798#1
pH determined on 1:l soil:D.I..water extracts.
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED a

, @:
Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: LUC-SED-101598-2-1
Lab Sample ID: Y931Q QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21667 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte Date/Batch Method Factor RL Unite ~esul t
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std units 6-2 7
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 78.4
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA .160.4 1.0 mg/kg 7,800
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile Sulfide 10/21/98 EPA 1991
102198#1
. Total Organic Carbon
t
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts.
RL
u
B
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98
0.0050 Percent
Analytical reporting limit
Undetected at reported detection limit
Analyte found in method blank above detection

Final Report
Laboratory Analysis of Conventional Parameters
Sample No: LUC-SED-101598-5-1
Lab Sample ID: Y931R QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21668 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Data Release Authorized: Date Received: 10/19/98
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr.
ANALYTICAL
nESOURCES . .
INCORPORATED
Analyeie Dilution
Analyte . Date/Batch Method Factor RL Unite Reeul t
Total Solids
10/29/98 EPA 150.1
102998#1 SM 4500 H
std units
10/27/98 EPA 160.3 0.01 Percent 45.5
102798#1 SM 2540 B
Total Volatile Solids 10/27/98 EPA 160.4 1.0 mg/kg 95,000
102798#1 SM 2540 E
Acid Volatile, Sulfide 10/21/98' EPA 1991 10 12 mg/kg
102198#1
Total Organic Carbon 10/27/98 Plumb,1981
lo279a#1
0.0050 Percent
pH determined on 1:l soi1:D.I. water extracts. Kw 'L/b17i
RL Analytical reporting limit
U Undetected at reported detection limit
B Analyte found in method blank above detection
Report for Y931 received 10/19/98

: QA Report - Method Blank Analyeie
.v ;.'-
.-. .
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Sediment Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
& Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr. M.A. Perkins
METHOD BLANK RESULTS
CONVENTIONALS
Analyeis
Date & Batch Constituent Unite Result
Method Blank
10/21/98 Acid volatile Sulfide
102198#1
Method Blank
10/27/98 Total Organic Carbon
102798#1
Method Blank
10/27/98 Total Solids
102798#1
Method Blank
10/27/98 . Total Volatile Solids
102798#1 ;
mg/L
Percent
mg residue
mg. residue
Soil MB QA Report Page 1 for Y931 received 10/19/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
00002f3

QA Report - Replicate Analysis
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Sediment Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr.
REPLICATE ANALYSIS RESULTS
CON'WNTIONALS
Sample Replicate
Constituent. Units Value Value (6) RPD/RSD
. .
ARI ID: 98-21651, Y931 A Client Sample ID: STg-SKD-101698-1
Acid Volatile Sulfide mg/kg 2.9 3.3 RSD: 6.6%
3.2
Total Organic Carbon Percent 1.6 1.7 RPD: 6.1%
ARE ID: 98-21652, Y931 B Client Sample ID: STB-SKD-101698-2
pH. std units 5.5 5.5 RPD: 0.0%
ARI ID: '98-21653, Y931 C .Client Sample ID: STB-SKD-101698-3A
Total Solids Percent 40.8 41.0 RSD: .I.O%
t 41.6 .
Total Volatile Solids mg/kg 140,000 150,000 RSD: 7.1%
130,000
Soil Replicate QA Report Page 1 for Y931 received 10/19/98
ANALYTICAL I

QA Report - Matrix Spikq/Matrix Spike Duplicate Analyeie
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Sediment Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr.
MATRIX SPIKE QA/QC REPORT
CONVENT1 ONALS
Sample Spike Spike
Constituent Unite Value Value Added Recovery
ARI ID: 98-21651, Y931 A Client Sample ID: STE-SBD-10169,B-1
~cid Volatile Sulfide mg/kg 2.9 98.0 109 86.9% '
Total Organic Carbon Percent 1.63 4.77 2 -67 118%
MS/MSD Recovery Limits: 75 - 125 %
Soil MS/MSD QA Report Page 1 for Y931 received 10/19/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

QA Report - ~ab'oratory Control Samplee
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr.
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLES
CONVKNTIONALS
Measured True
Constituent Unite Value Value . . Recovery
Laboratory Control Sample
Acid Volatile Sulfide mg/L 5.07 6.19 , 81.9%
Date analyzed: 10/21/98 Batch ID: 102198#1
Laboratory Control Sample
Total Organic Carbon Percent 0.525 0.500 105%
Date analyzed: 10/27/98 Batch ID: ,102798#1
pH ~dibration Standard "
pH. std units 7.01
Date analyzed: 10/29/98 Batch ID: 102998#1
7.00 100%
.LCS QA Report Page 1 for Y931 received 10/19/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES

Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98 Dr.
QC Report No: Y931-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Received: NA
STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIAt ANALYSIS
CONVENTIONALS
True
Conetituent Unite Value Value Recovery
NBS #2704
Total Organic Carbon Percent 3 -52
Date analyzed: 10/27/98 Batch ID: 102798#1
SRM QA Report Page 1 for Y931 received 10/19/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

a
Rosa Environmental & Geotechnical Laboratory, LLC
Client: Dames & Moore REGL Project No.: 1000-1 21
Client Project No.: 17693-005-01 9 Sample Batch No.: 1000-1 21-01
Case Narrative
400 Ninth Avenue N., Suite B
Seattle, WA 98 109-5 187
(206) 287-9 122
1 The samples were received on October 19, 1998 and were in good condition.
2. There were eighteen samples for PSEP grain size analysis. A triplicate was run on one
sample.
3. The samples were set-up for testing on October 21, 1998. The analysis was complete on
October 27, 1998.
4. PSEP methodology requires that there be between 5 and 25 g in the pipehe portion of the
analysis. The method also requires that all weights be measured to the nearest 0.1 mg, which
limits the size of the test portion to 205 g. In most cases, a test.portion that would meet the 5
g limit is too large to weigh on the analytical balance. Many of the samples reported in this
set'contained less than the 5 g limit. The analysis was run anyway and the data has been
flagged (noted in italicslshading in the summary table). Because of the lack of fines in these
samples, the amount retained in many of the individual size fractions was less than the
detection limit. These samples have been reported as 'NA" in the table, and were shown in
the plots as "0.0."
5. Each. bench sheet lists a simple sieve bydeve visual observation of the amount of organic
material contained in each sample. All but one sample have similar organic characteristics;
generally, organic material accounts for all weights from the #120 sieve and larger. The
exception is sample LUC-SED-101598-1-1 which contained only 2 pine needles in the #I8
all shiny flecks (mica?). -
Date:

Rosa Environmental and ~eechnlcal Laboratory, LLC
QA SUMMARY
PROJECT: Dames 8 Moore . / Project No.: 17693-005-019
REGL Triplicate Sample ID: 9M476 " Batch No.: 1000-121
Cllent Trlplicale Sample ID: STE-SED-101698-2 Page: lofl
QA Iimlts = 95-1 05%
Notes to the Testing:
Relative Standard Deviation, By Phl Size
. .
1. Plus 10 diganlc materlai nsted on laboratory bench sheets. . .
. .
\

!q
Rosa Environmental Ge6.- -. lcal Laboratory, LLC
Dames and Moore, inc.
Project No.: 17693-005-019
Table 1. Apparent Graln size Distribution Summary
Percent'Finer Than Indicated Size
Notes to the Testing:
1. Apparent grain size distributions according to PSEP protocols.
2. Samples in italicslshaded contain less than 5 grams in the pipette portion of the analysis.
NA= less than detection limits for this size fraction..

ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION I
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. STE-SED-101698-1
100000 10000 1000 100 10 1
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS)
1000-121

i
-
-
ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. STE-SED-101698-2
100000 10000 1000 100
GRAIN SIZE (MICRONS)
-0
10 1
1000-121
100
Z -
80
h
\
K
70
h
60 3
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\
\
\
\
90
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-- 20
- 10
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3
-40 $
w
-30 p

4
ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. STE-SED-101698-2(2)
- ' i.r ' I #4 #10 #18 #35 #60 #A20 #230 1
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m ,m
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100000 10000 1000 100 10 1
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS)
1000-1 21

-
ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION
. .
. . Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. STE-SED-101698-2(3)
\
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100000 10000 1000 100 10 1
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GRAIN SIZE (MICRONS)
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-60 3
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-50
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- 10

ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. STE-SED-101698-3A
,
GRAIN.SIZE (MICRONS)

ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. STE-SED-101698-38
0
100000 10000 1000 ' 100. I0 1
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS)
100
90
80
z
70 F$
!5
60 a
z
G
50 V,
2
40 g'
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30 p
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20
10

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ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Project Dames & Moore
Sample No; STE-SED-101698-3C
GRAIN SIZE (MICRONS)

ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
' Sample No. STE-SED-101698-4
0
100000 10000 1000 . ' 100 10 1
GRAIN SIZE (MICRONS)
-.
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.. .
. . . .*
.
1000-121
100
90
80
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70 z L
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50 2
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LU
30 2
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20
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ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101698-1-2
r 0
100000 10000 1000 100 10 - 1
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GRAIN SIZE (MICRONS)
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1000-1 2 1
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PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION I
ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101698-2-2
100000 10000 1000 ' 100
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS) .-
. .
. . .
10 1
1000-121

ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames 8 Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-1-1
0
100000 10000 1000 100 10 1
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS)
1000-121
100
90
80
h
IY
70 z 11.
60 3
z
50 8 a
P
40 5
30
20
10
w
0
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I
ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-2-1

ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL 8 GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-3-2
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS)

L
---
ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL 8 GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-3-1A
2 ,
--
i 0
100000 10000 1000 100 10 1
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS)
\
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1000-121
100
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ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL 8 GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
. . PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-3-1 B
100000 10000 1000. 100 10 1
\
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS)
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1
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ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-3-1 C
3 &&
m 2% #4 #10 #18 #35 #60 #I20 #230
1,
\
\
' 100000 10000 1000- 100 10 1
GRAIN SIZE (MICRONS)
1000-1 2 1
- 100
- 90
h
A

ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL.& GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-3-5-1
100000 10000 1000 100 10 1
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS)

.
ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-3-5-2
0
100000 10000 1000 100 10 1
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS) . .
1000-1 21
100
90
80
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30 p
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20
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ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL & GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames 8 Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-5-1
- & &JEo \-
l'Y rl'Y #4 #I0 #18 #35 #60 #I20 #230
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ROSA ENVIRONMENTAL 1~ GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY
PSEP APPARENT GRAIN SlZE DISTRIBUTION
Project: Dames & Moore
Sample No. LUC-SED-101598-5-2
100000 10000 1000 100 10 1
GRAIN SlZE (MICRONS)
. .
100
90
80
h
w
70 z L
60 3
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50
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Matrlx I
1 Chain of Custody Record
08 Lake Washington Blvd. . Kirkland, Washington 98033-7360 2 880 Fax 206-889-8808
Project Name: Hd & N w;N ( Project Number: lx 4.-oOP- o\q
Samplers: @&,lh
# of Containers and
Preservatives
Sample Number
Client: %w +~%OC+Q
Recorder: p. S&\k
Date Analysis Required
- I I I I I I 1 Shipping lnformatidn -
V I Coolers on this Airblll
WhHe Copy: Laboratory Yellow Copy: Return to Parametrix lnc. . Pink Copy: PararnetrbtInc.
. . . . . - .. ..'A - . . .._.:

Field Sample I Chain of Custody Record y73/
'arametrlx, Inc. . 6808 Lake Washington Blvd. Kirkland, Washington 98033-7360 206-822-8880 Fax 206-889-8808
Project Name: HnMw M,'~ p . I Project N u r n b e e y 3 - gqS -00
samplers: PDJ~Q ~+o/f- , k ska;-fr,. b,\\ pd&&
0
Matrlx
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# of Containers and
Preservatives
Sample Number
I
Date
(ibC'b/PW $ 7'0 9k-z / bl;r;ci
client: PkMeS mooti , L
Recorder: , \ fJI+- ~5
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Analysls Required
Shipping Information

main ot ~ustody Record
Lake Washington Blvd. . Kirkland, Washington 98033-7350 .
Project Name: ealhu, Wl i q 1 Project Number: 1% f - 069-- b 1 7 client: &qw t ww
, 4 J-'&, B &&. ("9%) f?.'

Field Sample I Chain of Custody Record
I 'arametrix, Inc. . 6808 Lake Washington Blvd. Kirkland, Washington 98033-7360 . 206-822-8880 . Fax 206-889-8808
I
Project Name: I-t~lnen YQ,;\ 4. 1 Project Number: '.; 7g93 - C& - o I q
Matrix I
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Sample Number
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Date
client: 'h- + .L
Recorder:
6 :L\ fZ.A-ew~~
Analysis Required
Month Day Year Time ~ t ~dhl't(r z ~
-
-
Cooler#:
AIrblll #:
Shipping Information

Chain of Custody Record 5
Parametrlx, Inc. . 6808 Lake Washington Blvd. . Klrkland, Washington - 98033-7380 . 2068224880 Fax 206-8894808
ProJect Name: Fcl ( Project Number: w7.t 005-- O I 7 Client: h- o.c t . - LL.
SamplerS: P c h?k , 3. &&m. P%~/n/g CBFUL) . 'j:. LA,& wdcr~~ ( C hcav ~ecorder: ?, %\k
L
Matrix
# of Containers and
Preservatives I
Sample Number
I
Date
Analysis Required
0
c
z R
2
m
Month Day Year Time
y / STE-SED-161698 - I 10 lb 78 laha 6 r ~ ; n S~CC
Y ( STE - s ED -ID~~SB
- - - -
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P& -SED -lblb98-3A 10 tb 78 1236
y / SE-SED -rblb?8 -3 LO 16 98
-,,-
Y I s LO rL 98 rzq?
/ 10 16 48 1258
Chain of Custody Record (Please Print)
I I I I I 1
Relinquished By: (Name) I Date: I Tlme: I Received By: (Name) I .- Date: I Time: I
Whlta Copy: Laboratory - Yellow Copy: Return to Parametrlx lnc. . Plnk Copy: Pararnetrht lnc.
-..-a

MEMORANDUM
Date:
July 2,1999
To: Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
From: Karen Mixon, QAIQC Manager
Subject: Summary Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial Investigation Phase Ill
Sediment Data, Fall 1998
Dames & Moore Job #17693-005-019
The summary data quality review of one sediment sample collected on October 15, 1998 has
been completed. A reanalysis of this sample was requested by Dames & Moore to confirm original
sample results. The sample was analyzed at the Analytical Resources, Incorporated (ARI) laboratory in
Seattle, Washington for metals by €PA Methods 6010A and 200.8 modified' (including the following
metals: aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc). The analyses were
performed in accordance with the methods specified in EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,
SW-846, January 1995. The laboratory provided a validation package containing method associated
QAIQC data as well as sample data. The following sample is associated with laboratory work order ARI#
AB35:
Sam~le I.D. ARI Sample #
The following comments refer to ARl's performance in meeting quality control specifications
described in the EPA documents "EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846", January 1995,
and "USEPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic Data
Reviewn, February 1994. Data were also reviewed in reference to the Quality Assurance Project Plan
(QAPP) prepared for the Phase Ill Remedial lnvestigation referenced in addendum (August 28, 1998) to
the Sampling and Analysis Plan.
1. Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Tunes (ICP MS analysis only) - Acceptable
3. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
4. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
5. Blanks - Acceptable
6. Internal Standards (ICP MS analysis only) -Acceptable
7. ICP Interference Check (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
8. Laboratory Control Sample (LCS) - Acceptable
A standard reference material (SRM) was analyzed in lieu of a typical LCS.
HOLDEM^ EM^ 998 effort\Data valid\ValAB35.DOC DAMES & MOORE

July 2, 1999
Sediment Data, Fall 1998, Holden Mine
Page 2
9. Laboratory Duplicate Sample - Not Applicable
A laboratory duplicate was not performed as only one sample analysis was performed. Data were
not qualified.
10. Field Duplicate - Not Applicable
11. Matrix Spike
A matrix spike was not performed as only one sample analysis was performed. Data were not
qualified.
12. ICP Serial Dilution (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
13. Detection Limits - Acceptable
14. Type of Review - Summary
15. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with data
qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Data Qualifiers:
U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J The analyte was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample.
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit. However, the
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in the sample.
R The sample results are rejected due to'serious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample
and meet quality control criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.
DAMES & hlOORE

INORQANICS ANALYSIS DATA'SHBET Sample Not LUC-SED-101598-5-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: AB35A QC Report No: AB35-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 99-3080 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-079
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/16/99
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 03/19/99
Percent Total Solids: 45.3%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL' mg/kg-dr~
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum ,
Atsdc
Cadmium
Copp'er
Iron
Lead
Manganee e
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SKBBT Sample Nor Method Blank
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: AE35MB
LIMS ID: 99-3080
Matrix: Soil
Data Release
Reported: 03/19/99
Prep
Meth
3050
3050
3050
3050
3050
3050
3050
3050
Prep
Date
03/15/99
03/15/99
03/15/99 '
03/15/99
03/15/99
03/15/99
03/15/99
03/15/99
Analysis
Method
6010
200.8
200.8
200.8
6010
200.8
6010
6010
Analysis
Date
03/16/99
03/17/99
03/17/99
03/17/99
03/16/99
03/17/99
03/16/99
03/16/99
QC Report No: AB3S-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-079
Date Sampled: .NA
Date Received: NA .
CAS Number
7429-90-5
7440-38-2
7440-43-9
7440-50-8
7439-89-6
7439-92-1
7439-96-5
7440-66-6
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Percent Total Solids: NA
Analyte
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
copper
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES I
e I
INCORPORATED

INORQANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor STD RBPERENCB
ERA Lot 239
Lab Sample ID: AB35-SRM QC Report No: AB35-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 99-3080 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-079
Date Sampled: NA
Date.Received: NA
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 03/19/99
Analyte ms/ks-dry
Certified
Value
~dvisor~
Range
Aluminum
Arsenic
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
. Le.ad
Manganese
Zinc '
FORM-VII
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

MEMORANDUM
Date: December 8, 1998
To: Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
From: Karen Mixon, QAIQC Manager 1~
Subject: Summary Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial Investigation Phase Ill
Background Soil Data, Fall 1998
Dames & Moore Job #17693-005-019
The summary data quality review of 20 soil samples collected fcom October 12 through 17, 1998
has been completed. The samples were analyzed at the Analytical Resources, Incorporated (ARI)
laboratory in Seattle, Washington for metals by EPA Methods 6010A, 7000 series, and 200.8 modified
(including the following metals: aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, calcium, chromium,
copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silver, sodium, thallium,
uranium, and zinc). The analyses were performed in accordance with the methods specified in EPA Test
Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846, January 1995. A validation package containing method
associated QAlQC data and sample data was provided by the laboratory. The following samples are
associated with laboratory work order ARI# Y962:
Sam~le I.D. ARI Sam~le #
The following comments refer to ARl's performance in meeting quality control specifications
described in the EPA documents "EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846", January
1995, and 'USEPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic
Data Review", February 1994, and the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) prepared for the Phase
Ill Remedial Investigation referenced in an addendum (August 28, 1998) to the Phase Ill Sampling and
Analysis Plan.
DAMES & MOORE

Decc~nbcr 8, 1998
Background Soil Data, Fall 1998, Holden Mine
Page 2
Samples were prepared in the laboratory using EPA Methods 3050, 7060, 7841, and 200.8 as
appropriate. Samples were analyzed by ICP (EPA Method 6010A), GFAA (€PA 7000 series), and ICP
MS (EPA Method 200.8 Modified).
1. . Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Tunes (ICP MS analysis only) - Acceptable
3. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
4. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
5. Blanks
Barium (1.1 uglL) was detected in the continuing calibration blank (CCB) analyzed prior to
samples DMBG-1, DMBG-2, DMBG-3; DMBG-4, DMBG-5, DMBG-7, DMBG-8, and DMBG-9. This CCB
was analyzed after samples DMBG-10, DMBG-IOX, and DMBG-6. Aluminum (21.3 ug1L) was detected
in the CCB analyzed after samples DMBG-1, DMBG-2, DMBG-3, DMBG-4, DMBG-5, DMBG-7, DMBG-
8, and DMBG-9. Aluminum (23.4 ugf),.calcium (39.2 ugIL), copper (3.2 ugIL), magnesium (29.9 ug/L)
and zinc (5.6 uglL) were detected in the ending CCB associated with samples DMBG-1, DMBG-2,
DMBG-3, DMBG-4, DMBG-5, DMBG-6, DMBG-7, DMBG-8, DMBG-9, DMBG-10, and DMBG-1OX. As
the concentrations of metals detected in the CCBs were substantially lower (minimum of 10X) than the
concentration of metals detected in the associated samples, data were not qualified.
Calcium (25.8 ug1L to 44.2 ug1L) was detected in the CCBs associated with samples DMBG-11,
DMBG-12, DMBG-13, DMBG-14, DMBG-15, DMBG-16. DMBG-17, DMBG-18, and DMBG-19.
Aluminum (25.6 ug1L) and manganese (1.8 uglL) were detected in the CCB analyzed prior to samples ,
DMBG-14, DMBG-15, DMBG-16, and DMBG-19. As the aluminum, calcium, and manganese
concentrations detected in the CCBs were substantially lower (minimum of 10X) than the concentration
of metals detected in the associated samples, data were not qualified.
Aluminum (4 mglkg), barium (0.1 mglkg), calcium (3 mglkg), sodium (18 mglkg), and zinc (0.5
mglkg) were detected in the method blank associated with samples DMBG-10, DMBG-IOX, DMBG-6,
DMBG-5, DMBG-7, DMBG-4, DMBG-3, DMBG-8, DMBG-2, DMBG-1, and DMBG-9. Concentrations of
these metals in the samples were greater than 10X the concentrations detected in the method blank.
Data were not qualified.
Calcium (7 mglkg) was detected. in the .method blank associated with samples DMBG-11,
DMBG-12, DMBG-13, DMBG-14, DMBG-15, DMBG-16, DMBG-17, DMBG-18, and DMBG-19. Sample
results for calcium reported in associated samples were greater than 10X the method blank
concentration. Data were not qualified.
6. Internal Standards (ICP MS analysis only) - Acceptable
7. ICP Interference Check (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
8. Laboratory Control Sample (LCS) - Acceptable
A standard reference material (SRM) was analyzed in lieu of a typical LCS. Aluminum recovery
(127%) in the SRM associated with samples DMBG-1, DMBG-2, DMBG-3, DMBG-4, DMBG-5, DMBG-6,
DMBG-7, DMBG-8, DMBG-9, DMBG-10, and DMBG-1OX was above the typical LCS control limits of 80
to 120%. However, the recovery was within the advisory range published by the supplier. Calcium
DAMES 81 MOORE

1
Dccember 8, 1998
Background Soil Data, Fall 1998, Holdcn Mine
Page 3
recovery (52.6%) in the SRM associated with samples DMBG-11, DMBG-12, DMBG-13, DMBG-14,
DMBG-15, DMBG-16, DMBG-17, DMBG-18, and DMBG-19 was below the typical LCS control limits of
80 to 120%. However, the recovery was within the advisory range published by the supplier. Uranium
was inadvertently omitted from SRM or LCS analysis.
Data qualifiers were not assigned to aluminum or calcium results as the recoveries from the
SRM were within published advisory ranges. Uranium results were not qualified as the associated matrix
1 spike results were acceptable.
I
9. Laboratory Duplicate Sample
A laboratory duplicate was performed on sample DMBG-10. The relative percent difference for
chromium was 26.6 %, above the method criteria of 20%. Chromium results reported above the
detection limit in associated samples are qualified as estimated and flagged "J" accordingly.
Results reported as not detected do not require qualification. Associated samples include DMBG-1,
DMBG-2, DMBG-3, DMBG-4, DMBG-5, DMBG-6, DMBG-7, DMBG-8, DMBG-9, DMBG-10, and
DMBG-1 OX.
1 A laboratory duplicate was performed'on sample DMBG-16. The relative percent difference for
I manganese was 20.8%, slightly above the method criteria of 20%. Manganese results reported above
the detection limit in associated samples are qualified as estimated and flagged 'J" accordingly. Results
1 reported as not detected do not require qualification. Associated samples include DMBG-11, DMBG-12,
DMBG-13, DMBG-14, DMBG-15, DMBG-16, DMBG-17, DMBG-18, and DMBG-19.
i
1 @ 10- Field Duplicate - Acceptable
.F.
1 .#*..
1 ' ,
11. Matrix Spike
I
A field duplicate .for DMBG-10 was submitted and labeled DMBG-1OX. Duplicate results were
comparable to the original sample results.
A matrix spike was performed on sample DMBG-10. The recovery for iron (47.4%) was outside
of the control limits (75-125%). The concentration of iron (10,400 mglkg) in the sample exceeded the
spiking concentration by greater than 4X. Data qualification was not required.
A matrix spike was performed on sample DMBG-16. The recovery for aluminum (199%), iron
(181%), and manganese (137%) were outside of the method control limits (75-125%). The concentration
of aluminum (11,200 mglkg), iron (10,500 mglkg), and manganese (1,160 mglkg) in the sample
exceeded the spiking concentration by greater than 4X. Data qualification was not required.
I 12. Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption QC - Acceptable
13. ICP Serial Dilution (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
1 14. Detection Limits - Acceptable
15. Type of Review - Summary
.
16. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with
data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
I g:/holden/l998/datavallvalY962.doc DAMES & MOORE

December 8, 1998
Background Soil Data, Fall 1998, Holden Mine
Pagc 4
Data Qualifiers
U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J The analyte was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample.
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit. However, the
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in the sample.
R The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample
and meet.quality control criteria.. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.
DAMES & MOORE

I INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: DMBG-10
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962A
LSMS ID: 98-21900
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/12/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 94.2%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Moth I ate Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL mg / kg - dry
U ~nal~te undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Linit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: DMBG-lox
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962B
LIMS ID: 98-21901
Matrix: Soil
Data Release
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/12/98
Date,Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 94.3%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE
0
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ~/kg-dr~
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc

* INORGANICS
ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: DMBG-6
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962C
LIMS ID: 98-21902
Matrix: Soil
Data Release
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/13/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 70.6%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL w/~s-~w
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No1 DMBG-5
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962D
LIMS ID: 98-21903
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames 6 Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/13/98
Percent Total Solids: 69.7%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis .
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL mg/kg-dry
- -.
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromiw
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: DMBG-7
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962E
LIMS ID: 98-21904
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/13/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 63.2%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL -/kg -dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Lirniz
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic . .
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc,
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMBG-4
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962F
LIMS ID: 98-21905
Matrix: Soil
Data Release
Reported: 11/04/98
Prep
Meth
Prep -Analysis Analysis
Date Method Date CAS Number
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/13/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
FORM- I
Percent Total Solids: 70
Analyte RL %/kg - dry
Aluminum 3 11,000
Arsenic 0.7 5.2
Barium 0.1 2 05
Beryllium 0.1 0.1
Cadmium 0.3 1.8
Calcium 3 10,400
Chromium 0.7 9.9 TT
Copper 0.3 27.5
Iron 3 11,600
Lead 3 13
Magnesium 3 4,780
Manganese 0.1 448
Molybdenum 0.7 0.7 U
Nickel 1 8
Potassium 7 0 560
Silver 0.4 0.4 U
Sodium 7 428
Thallium 0.1 0.1 U
Uranium 0.3 0.3 U
Zinc 0.5 90.9
*
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

a , INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMBG-3
1 TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962G
LIMS ID: 98-21906
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/13/98
Date Received: 10/19/98 '
FORM- I
Percent Total Solids: 76.5%
Analyte RL ' mg/kg-dry
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
.Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: DMBG-8
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962H QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21907 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/13/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/04/98
Percent Total Solids: 67.7%
Prep Prep -Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL
, .. .
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
, Sodiw
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE
0
mg/kg-dry

' @, INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
I
I
Lab Sample ID: Y962I
LIMS ID: 98-21908
Matrix: Soil
Data Release
Reported: 11/04/98
Sample NO: DMBG-2
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 85.2%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date . CAS Number Analyte RL dkg- dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel.
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
\
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: DMBG-1
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962J
LIMS ID: 98-21909
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 87.7%
Prep Prep -Analysis ~nalysis
Meth Date . Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL mg/kg-dry
. .
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
~eryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
*
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: DMBG-9
TOTAL METALS
Lab, Sample ID: Y962K
LIMS ID: 98-21910
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/04/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
P'roj ect : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 93.2%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep ,Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL Wr/kg-dr~
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromiqm
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
~anganes e
~olybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor Method Blank
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962MB QC ~eport No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21900 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA .
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
Prep
- Meth
Prep
Date
.Analysis
Method
6010
7060
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
6010
7841
200.8
6010
Analysis
Date
10/30/98
10/29/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
10/30/98
11/02/98
10/30/98
CAS Number
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Percent Total Solids: NA
Ahalvte
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor STD REFERENCE
ERA Lot 233
Lab Sample ID: Y962-SRM QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21900 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date.Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
r-
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
Certified Advisory
Analyte -/%-dry Value Range
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Zinc
FORM-VII
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
lNCORPORATED

INORGANIC ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample NO: DMBG-10
Lab.Sample ID: Y962A QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21900 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release
Reported: 11/04/98
MATRIX DUPLICATE'QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
ANALYTICAL 1
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE
Analysis Sample Duplicate Control 1
Analyte Method mg/kg-dry mg/kg-dry RPD Lid t 0
Aluminum 6010 11000 10700 2.8% +/- 20 % 1
Arsenic 7060 0.7 0.7 0.0% +/- 0.2 L
Barium 6010 68.8 70.7 2.7% +/- 20 %
Beryllium 6010 0.2 0.2 0.0% +/- 0.1 L
Cadmium 6010 0.2 U 0.2 U 0.0% +/- 0.2 L
Calcium
Chromium
6010
6010
2190
6.2
1990
8.1
9.6%
26.6%
+/- 20 %
+/- 20 % *
Copper 6010 11.0 11.4 3.6% +/- 20 %
Iron 6010 10400 10900 4.7% +/- 20 %
Lead 6010 3 4 28.6% +/- 2 L
Magnesium 6010 1190 1170 1.7% +/- 20 %
Manganese 6010 383 387 1.0% +/- 20 %
Molybdenum 6010 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.0% +/- 0.5 L
Nickel
Potassium .
6010
6010
5
480
6
500
18.2%
4.1%
+/- 20 %
+/- 20 %
Silver 6010 0.3 U 0.3 U 0.0% +/- 0.3 L
Sodium 6010 517 439 16.3% +/- 20 %
Thallium 7841 0.1 U 0.1 U 0.0% +/- 0.1 L
Uranium 200.8 0.2 U 0.2 U 0.0% +/- 0.2 L
Zinc 6010 32.5 32.9 1.2% +/- 20 %
'Q' codes: *' = control limit not met
L = RPD not valid, alternate limit = detection limit
FORM-VI
I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: DMBG-10
Lab Sample ID: Y962A QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21900 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
a ate Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/09/98
MATRIX SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
. Analysis Sample Spike Spike %
Analy te Method mg/kg-dry -/kg-dry, Added Recovery Q
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
@ ::::
~ -
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
'Q' codes : N = control limit not met
H = %R not applicable, sample concentration too high
* = RPD control limit not met
NA = Not applicable - analyte not spiked
Control Limits: Percent Recovery: 75-125%
RPD : +/-20%
FORM-V
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample NO: DMEIG-16
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962L
LIMS ID: 98-21911
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized:
, Reported: 11/13/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019 .
Date Sampled: 10/17/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 70.9%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL mg/k!3 - dry
U Anal-yte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
ANALMICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
d

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMBG-17
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962M
LIMS ID: 98-21912
Matrix: Soil
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project : Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/17/98
Percent Total Solids: 91.1%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CASNumber Analyte RL mg/kg-dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limic
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodiw
Thallium
Uranitm
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMBG-18
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962N
LIMS ID: 98-21913
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/13/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/17/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
I/ Percent Total Solids: 90.1%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
Prep Prep . Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL =/kg -dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead ,
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver .
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc

0 INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: DMBG-19
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y9620
LIMS ID: 98-21914
Matrix: Soil
Data Release
Reported: 11/13/98
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/17/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 88.1%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL m~/kg-dr~
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron .
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
17,100
0.9
350
0.1
0.7
io, 500
41.5
62.6
23,900
7
9,750
1,030
0.5 u
23
2,020
0.3 u
499
0.6 U
0.6
94.1

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: DMBG-15
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962P QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21915 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 1,7693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/17/98
Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/13/98
Percent Total Solids: 85.0%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL mg/kg-dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beiyllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES - --
INCORPORATED
21,700
2.0
127
0.3
3.8
ii, 600
12.5
59.5
17,800
10
5,440
534 7s-
0.9
2 0
1,010
0.3 U
605
0.6 U
0.5
518
0

0 INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMBG-14
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962Q
LIMS ID: 98-21916
Matrix: Soil
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
'17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/17/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 92.7%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth ,Date Method Date CAS Number. Analyte RL mg/kg-dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum ,
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMBG-13
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962R QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21917 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/17/98
Received: 10/19/98
Data Release
Reported: 11/13/98
Percent Total Solids: 86
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number . Analyte RL mg/k!?-dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE
9

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHBBT Sample No: DMBO-12
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962S QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21918 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
I
Date Sampled: 10/17/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/13/98
Prep
- Meth
Prep
Date,
Percent Total Solids: 85.0%
Ahalysis Analysis
Method Date . CAS Number. Analyte RL -/kg -dry
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL ~eporting Limit
FORM- I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium ,
Zinc
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y962T
LIMS ID: 98-21919
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/13/98
Prep
Meth
Prep
Date
Analysis
Method
Sample No1 DMBO-11
QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/17/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 90.1%
Analysis
Date CAS Number . Analyte RL ~/kg-dr~
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
e
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE
~
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron 2 10.100 I
Lead 2
~agnesium 2
Manganese 0.1 71.3 3-
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc

' 0 INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample Nor Method Blank
Lab Sample ID: Y962MB QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21911 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Received: NA
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/17/98
Percent Total Solids: NA
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number . Analyte RL mg/kg-dr~
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron'
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor STD REFERENCE
ERA Lot 239
Lab Sample ID: Y962-SRM QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21911 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/17/98
Certified Advisory
Analy te mg/kg-dry Value Range
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Zinc
FORM-VII
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE
'D

INORGANIC ANALYSIS DATA SHEET '
TOTAL KETALS
Sample No: DMBG-16
Lab Sample ID: ~ 9 6 2 ~ QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21911 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Received:. 10/19/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/13/98
MATRIX DUPLICATE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Analysis Sample Duplicate Control
Analyte Method -/kg-- mg/kg-w RPD Lid t Q
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium '
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
.Zinc
'Q' codes:
* = control limit not met.
L = RPD not valid, alternate limit = detection limit
FORM-VI
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample NO: DMBG-16
Lab Sample ID: Y962L QC Report No: Y962-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21911 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
10/19/98
Data Release
Reported: 11/13/98
MATRIX SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Analysis Sample Spike Spike %
Analyte Method mg/kg-dry ~~g/kg-dr~ Added Recovery Q
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Molybdenum
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Uranium
Zinc
'Q' codes: N = control limit not met
H = %R not applicable, sample concentration too high
* = RPD control limit not met
NA = Not applicable - analyte not spiked
Control Limits: Percent Recovery: 75-125%
RPD : +/-20%
FORM-V
ANALYTICAL

CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD >*" WHITE COPY-Orlglnal (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-Collector PINK COPY-Project Manager
DATWIME LABORATORY NOTES:
131ruolP 0 9 r
RECEIVED * ( s I ~ ) , =Q-fa$Q4 ..
J \
RELINQUISHED BY: (Signature) DATElTlME RECEIVED BY: (signature)
ANALYTICAL LABORATORY:
LABORATORY CONTACT: *d- \
JOB NO.: \7
D8M CONTACT: & /ht& PHONE: 7 ~3 '03 f Y PROJECT: "& %.&
J
500 Market Place Tower
2025 Fist Avenue LOOATION: ~rf) h,
DAMES & MOORE Seattle. Washington 98121
Phone (206) 728-0744
ES a MOORE GROUP COMPANY Fax (206) 727-3350 LECTOR: grh /Act) DATE OF COLLECTION

MEMORANDUM
@ Date: December 8. 1998
To: Rik Langendoen, Project Manager
From: Karen Mixon, QNQC Manager \b\
Subject: Summary Data Quality Review
Holden Mine Remedial Investigation Phase Ill
Lagoon Soil Sample Data, Fall 1998
Dames & Moore Job #17693-005-019
The summary data quality review of 13 soil samples collected from October 14 through 15, 1998
has been completed. The samples were analyzed at the Analytical Resources, Incorporated (ARI)
laboratory in Seattle, Washington for metals by EPA Method 6010A, (cadmium, copper, and lead). In
addition, samples were analyzed for total petroleum hydrocarbons (diesel and heavier than diesel range)
by Washington State Department of Ecology TPH methods. The analyses were performed in accordance
with the methods specified in €PA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846, January 1995,
and Washington State Department of Ecology Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Methods, April 1992. A
validation package containing method associated QAIQC data and sample data was provided by the
laboratory. The following samples are associated with laboratory work order ARI# Y964:
Sample I.D. ARI Sample # Analvses Requested
DMLG-4-2
DMLG-4-4
@ DMLG-2-2
Y964A
Y964B
Y964C
Cadmium, Copper, Lead, VVTPH-D ext
Cadmium, Copper, Lead, WTPH-D ext
Archive
DMLG-2-4
DMLG-1-surface
Y964D
Y964E
Cadmium, Copper, Lead, WTPH-D ext
Archive
DMLG-5-2 Y 964 F Cadmium, Copper, Lead, VVTPH-D ext
DMLG-1-2 Y964G Cadmium, Copper, Lead, WTPH-D ext
DMLG-1-4 Y 964 H Cadmium, Copper, Lead, WTPH-D ext
DMLG-3-2 Y9641 Cadmium, Copper, Lead, WTPH-D ext
DMLG-3-4 Y964J Cadmium, Copper, Lead, WTPH-D ext
DMLG-5-4 Y964K , Cadmium, Copper, Lead, WTPH-D ext
DMLG-2-5 Y964L Archive
DMLG-2-7 % Y964M Cadmium, Copper, Lead, WTPH-D ext
1
The following comments refer to ARl's performance in meeting quality control specifications
described in the EPA documents "EPA Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, SW-846", January
1995, "USEPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional Guidelines for Inorganic Data
Review", February 1994, and 'USEPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) National Functional
Guidelines for Organic Data Review", February 1994, and Washington State Department of Ecology
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Methods, April 1992, and the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP)
prepared for the Phase Ill Remedial Investigation referenced in an addendum (August 28, 1998) to the
Phase Ill Sampling and Analysis Plan.
The report is divided into subsections based on type of analyses performed
Metals
Samples were prepared in the laboratory using EPA Method 3050. Samples were analyzed by
..:@ ICP (EPA Method 6010A).
DAMES & MOORE

December 8, 1998
Lagoon Soil Samples, Fall 1998, Holdcn Mine
Page 2
1. Holding Time - Acceptable
2. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
3. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
4. Blanks
Copper (3.2 to 4.0 uglL) was detected in calibration blanks (CCBs) associated with several of the
sample analyses. As the copper concentration in the samples was substantially greater (100X) than the
equivalent soil concentration detected in the CCB, data were not qualified.
5. ICP Interference Check (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
6. Laboratory Control Sample - Acceptable
7. Laboratory Duplicate Sample - Acceptable
8. Field Duplicate
A field duplicate was not collected.
9. Matrix Spike
The matrix spike was performed on sample DMLG-4-2. The recoveries for cadmium (-21.4%),
copper (-1550%), and lead (14.3%) were outside of the control limits (75-12596). The concentration of
cadmium (150 mglkg), copper (17,500 mglkg), and lead (730 mglkg) in the sample exceeded the spiking
concentration by greater than 4X. Data qualification was not required.
10. ICP Serial Dilution (ICP analysis only) - Acceptable
11. Detection Limits - Acceptable
12. Type of Review - Summary
13. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, the data are acceptable except where flagged with
data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Orcaanic Analvses
Select samples (as noted in the report introduction) were analyzed for TPH (diesel extended
range) by the Washington State methods previously referenced.
1.
Hold Time
Samples DMLG-1-4, DMLG-2-7 %. DMLG-3-2, DMLG-3-4, and DMLG-5-4 were reextracted due
to low surrogate recoveries. The surrogate recoveries were acceptable in the reextracts; however, the
reextraction occurred ,6 days past the 14 day hold time for extraction. The reextract data was acceptable
for site evaluation with qualification. The data are estimated and flagged "J" accordingly.

Dcccmbcr 8, 1998
Lagoon Soil Samplcs, Fall 1998, Holden Mint
Page 3
2. Initial Calibration - Acceptable
3. Continuing Calibration - Acceptable
4. Blanks - Acceptable
5. Surrogate Recoveries
Samples DMLG-1-4, DMLG-2-7 % , DMLG-3-2, DMLG-3-4, and DMLG-5-4 were reextracted due
to low surrogate recoveries. The surrogate recoveries for the initial extraction and the reextraction are
tabulated below:
% Recovew Initial
24.3
% Recovew Reextract
66
Due to the low recoveries from the initial extraction, the results for data evaluation were selected
from the reextraction although past the method hold time (see discussion under Hold Time).
6. Laboratory Duplicate - Acceptable
7. Matrix SpikeIMatrix Spike Duplicate (MSIMSD)
A MSIMSD was performed on sample DMLG-3-2. Due to low surrogate recoveries for the
original, MS, and MSD samples, the QC set was reextracted. Surrogate recoveries were acceptable in
the reextracted QC set. However, the recovery of diesel spiked in the first MSIMSD was outside of the
laboratory control limits (38 - 160%) as the spike concentration was not recovered. The spike recoveries
from the reextracted MS and MSD were 73% and -41%, respectively. The sample concentration was
about 4X the spike level. Data are not generally qualified based on MSIMSD results alone. The
MSIMSD sample results'indicate a potential for variability related to sample DMLG-3-2. The data for this
sample was previously qualified as estimated based on surrogate recoveries. Additional qualification
based on MSIMSD results does not alter the estimated qualification already assigned.
8. ~aboratory Control SampleIBlank Spike (LCSIBS) - Acceptable
9. Field Duplicate
A field duplicate was not collected.
10. Target Compound Identification
The sample results reporied as diesel and motor oil in samples DMLG-1-4, DMLG-2-4, DMLG-2-
7%, DMLG-3-2, DMLG-3-4, DMLG-4-2, DMLG-4-4, DMLG-5-2, and DMLG-5-4 do not match typical
diesel or motor oil profiles, although the patterns are indicative of a heavy hydrocarbon component. The
diesel and motor oil reported in sample DMLG-1-2 are not indicative of typical diesel or motor oil
patterns.
11. Detection Limits - Acceptable
12. Type of Review - Summary
g:~olden\l998/dalavallvalY964.doc DAMES & MOORE

December 8, 1998
Lagoon Soil samples, Fall 1998, Holden ,Mine
Page 4
13. Overall Assessment of Data
The usefulness of the data is based on the EPA guidance documents listed above. Upon
consideration of the information presented above, data are considered acceptable except where flagged
with data qualifiers that modify the usefulness of the individual values.
Data Qualifiers
U The analyte was analyzed for, but was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit.
J The. analyfe was positively identified; the associated numerical value is the approximate
concentration of the analyte in the sample.
UJ The analyte was not detected above the reported sample quantitation limit. However, the
reported quantitation limit is approximate and may or may not represent the actual limit of
quantitation necessary to accurately and precisely measure the analyte in.the sample.
R The sample results are rejected due to serious deficiencies in the ability to analyze the sample
and meet quality control criteria. The presence or absence of the analyte cannot be verified.
<
DAMES 61 MOORE

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMLG-4-2'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964A QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21921 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/14/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release
Reported: 11/03/98
Percent Total Solids: 68
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis . .
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ms/ks-dry
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 3 150
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper 3 17,300
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 3 0 730
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES.
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: DMLG-4-4'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964B QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21922 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/14/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release
"~e~orted: 11/03/98
Percent Total Solids: 60.3t
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATEr e
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date . Method . Date CAS Number Analyte RL ~/kg-dr~
3050 10/27/98' 6010 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 3 135
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper. 3 22,100
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 3 0 800
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMLG-2-4'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964C
LIMS ID: 98-21923
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/03/98
QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/14/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 74.0%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method ' Date CAS Number. Analyte RL mg/kg-dry
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 5 17 5
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper 5 22,500
3050 .10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 5 0 560
U Analyte undetected at given RL ,
RL Reporting Linit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: DMLG-5-2'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964D QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21924 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/14/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/03/98
. r-
Percent Total Solids: 69.1%
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CASNumber. Analyte RL q/kg-dr~
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 3 17 3
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper 3 23,900
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 3 0 580
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting ~imit'
FORM- I

- INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMLG-1-2'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964E
LIMS ID: 98-21925
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/03/98
QC Report NO: Y964-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 59.3%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number . Analyte RL mg'/kg - dry
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium ,0.3 2.5
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper ' 0.3 1,390
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 3 132
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMLG-1-4'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964F
LIMS ID: 98-21926
Matrix: Soil
Data Release
Reported: 11/03/98
QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693 -005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 79.1%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number . Analyte RL mg/kg--
3050 10/27/98 6010 . 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 0.2 4.3
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper 0.2 1,120
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 2 73
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMLG-3-2'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964G
LIMS ID: 98-21927
Matrix: Soil
QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorize
Reported: 11/03/98
w Percent Total Solids: 76.9%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CASNumber Analyte RL mg/kg-dr~
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 0.3 2.3
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper 0.3 1,020
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 3 153
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMLG-3-4'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964H
LIMS ID: 98-21928
Matrix: Soil
Data Release
Reported: 11/03/98
QC Rep0r.t No: Y964-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 84.3%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL . . ms/ks-dry
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 0.2 0.7
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper 0.2 294
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 2 5 2
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATEP

. INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: DMLG-5-4'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964I QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21929 Project :, Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/03/98
Percent Total ,Solids: 65.2%
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Data Method Date CAS Number Analyte , . RL mg/kg-dry
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 1 2 5
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper 1 4,000
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 10 190
U ~nalyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM-I
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor DMLG-2-7 1/2'
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964J
LIMS ID: 98-21930
Matrix: Soil
Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/03/98
QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: 10/15/98
Date Received: 10/19/98
Percent Total Solids: 83.0%
ANALYTICAL
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number. Analyte RL mg/kg-dr~
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium 1 2 8
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper 1 3,610
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 10 110
U Analyte undetected'at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample No: Method Blank
TOTAL METALS
Lab Sample ID: Y964MB
LIMS ID: 98-21921
Matrix: Soil
Data Release ~"thorize &,
Reported: 11/03/98 u
QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
Percent Total Solids: NA
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Prep Prep Analysis Analysis
Meth Date Method Date CAS Number Analyte RL ~/kg-dr~
3050 10/27/98 ,6010 .10/30/98 7440-43-9 Cadmium' 0.2 0.2 U
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7440-50-8 Copper 0.2 0 ..2 U
3050 10/27/98 6010 10/30/98 7439-92-1 Lead 2 2 U
U Analyte undetected at given RL
RL Reporting Limit
FORM- I

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET Sample Nor STD REFERENCE
ERA Lot 239
Lab Sample .ID: Y964-SRM QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21921 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Sediment 17693-005-019
Date Sampled: NA
Date Received: NA
p Data Release Authorized
Reported: 11/04/98
Certified
Advisory
Analyte mg/kg-dr~ Value Range
Cadmium
Copper
Lead -
FORM-VII
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE

INORGANIC ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample No: DMLG-4-2'
Lab Sample ID: Y964A QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21921 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
Date Received: 10/19/98
Data Release
Reported: 11/03/98
MATRIX DUPLICATE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Analysis Sample Duplicate Control
Analyte Method -/kg-dry mg/kg-dry RPD Limit
. . Q
Cadmium 6010 150 149 0.7% +/- 20 %
Copper 6010 17300 17800 2.8% +/- 20 %
Lead 6010. 730 740 ' 1.4% +/- 20 %
I Q codes : '* = control limit not met
L = RPD not valid, alternate limit = detection limit
FORM-VI
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

INORGANICS ANALYSIS DATA SHEET
TOTAL METALS
Sample NO: DMLG-4-2'
Lab Sample ID: Y964A QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21921 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil /_.-I 17693-005-019
te Received: 10/19/98
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/03/98
MATRIX SPIKE QUALITY CONTROL REPORT
Analysis Sample Spike Spike %
Analyte Method mg/kg-dry -/kg-dry Added Recovery Q
cadmium
Copper
Lead
'Q' codes: N = control limit not met
H = %R not applicable, sample concentration too high
* = RPD control limit not met
NA = Not applicable - analyte not spiked
Control Limits: Percent Recovery: 75-125%
RPD : +/-20%
FORM-V
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATEP

TOTAL DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBONS
WA TPHd Range C12 to C24 by GC/FID
and Motor Oil
LIMS ID: 98-21921 QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Soil Project: Holden Mine
17693-005-019
Data Release
Reported: 11/17/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED
Date Dilution Diesel *HC Motor Oil Surrogate
Lab ID Sample ID Analyzed Factor Ranqe ID Ranqe Recovery
Y964MB Method Blank
Y964A DMLG-4-2'
Y964B DMLG-4-4'
~ 9 6 4 DMLG-4-4' ~
~ 9 6 4 ~
DMLG-2-4 '
Y964D DMLG-5-2'
Y964E DMLG-1-2 '
Y964E DMLG-1-2'
Y964ED DMLG-1-2'-DUPL
Y964MB Method Blank
Y964F DMLG-1-4'
Y964FR DMLG-1-4'
Y964G DMLG-3-2'
Y964H DMLG-3 -4 '
Y964HR DMLG-3-4'
Valuee reported in ppm (mg/kg) on a dry weight basis. K,,, '*A3 ,L,y
Surrogate ie Methyl-Arachidate.
* ID indicates, in the opinion of the analyst, the petroleum product with the best pattern
match. 'NOt indicates that there was not a good match for any of the requested products.
Diesel quantitation on total peaks in the range from C12 to C24.
Motor'Oil quantitation on total peaks in the Motor Oil Standard range.
Data Qualifiers
U Compound not detected at the given detection limit.
J Indicates an estimated value below the calculated detection limit.
S No value reported due to saturation of the detector. Dilution required.
D Indicates the surrogate was not detected because of ailution of the extract.
E Indicates a value above the linear range of the detector. Dilution required.
NR .Indicates no recovery due to matrix interference.
B Indicates compound also detected in the method blank.
FORM-1 WA TPHD

TOTAL DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBONS
WA TPHd Range C12 to C24 by GC/PID
and Motor Oil
LIMS ID: 98-21929 QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
Matrix: Soil Project: Holden Mine
/ 17693-005-019
Data. Release Authorized
Reported: 11/18/98
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE
Date , Dilution Diesel *HC Motor Oil Surrogate
Lab ID Sample ID Analyzed Pector Ranqe ID Ranqe Recovery
Values reported in ppm (mg/kg) on a dry weight basis.
Surrogate is Methyl-Arachidate.
+ ID
indicates, in the opinion of the analyst, the petroleum product with the best pattern
match. 'NO' indicates that there was not a good match for any of the requested products
Diesel quantitation on total peaks in the range from C12 to C24.
Motor Oil quantitation on total peaks in the range from C12 to C32.
Data Qualifiers
U Compound not detected at the given detection'limit.
J Indicates an estimated value below the calculated detection limit.
S No value reported due to saturation of the detector. Dilution required.
D Indicates the surrogate was not detected because of dilution of the extract.
E Indicates a value above the linear range of the detector. Dilution required.
NR Indicates no recovery due to matrix interference.
B Indicates compound also detected in the method blank.
FORM-1 WA TPHD

TOTAL DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBONS
Lab Sample ID: Y964SB QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21921 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-005-019
n
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/17/98
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE RECOmRY REPORT
Date extracted: 10/23/98
Date analyzed: 10/31/98
CONSTITUENT
SPIKE SPIKE %
FOUND ADDED RECOVERY
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons 75.2 100 75.2%
TPHd Surrogate Recovery
Methylarachidate 57.9%
1 Values reported in ppm (mg/kg) on a dry weight basis.
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATED

TOTAL DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBONS
WA TPHd Range C12 to C24 by GC/FID
Sample No: DMLG-3-2'
Lab Sample ID: Y964G QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21927 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil A, 17693-005-019
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/17/98
Date extracted: 10/23/98
Date analyzed: 10/31/98
CONSTITUENT
MATRIX SPIKE/SPIKE DUPLICATE RECOVERY
SAMPLE
VALUE
MATRIX SPIKE
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons 477
MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons 477
TPHd Surrogate Recovery
Matrix Spike Methylarachidate 50.1%
MS ,Duplicate Methylarachidate 30.72
NA No recovery due to high sample concentration
Values reported in ppm (mg/kg) on a dry weight basis.
SPIKE SPIKE %
VALUE ADDED RECOVERY RPD
ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
INCORPORATr

TOTAL DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBONS
Range ~ 1 to 2 C24 by GC/PID
@ wa TPH~
Lab Sample ID: Y964SB QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-21926 Project: Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil n 17693-005-019
~ata Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/17/98.
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE RECOVERY REPORT
Date extracted: 11/03/98
Date analyzed: 11/05/98
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons
TPHd Surroqate Recovery
Methylarachidate 84.0%
Values reported in ppm (rng/kg) on a dry weight basis.
SPIKE SPIKE %
POUND ADDED RECOVERY
. ANALYTICAL
RESOURCES
, INCORPORATED

TOTAL DIESEL RANGE HYDROCARBONS
WA TPHd Range C12 to C24 by GC/FID
Sample No: DMLG-3-2'
Lab Sample ID: Y964G QC Report No: Y964-Dames & Moore
LIMS ID: 98-22902 Project : Holden Mine
Matrix: Soil 17693-055-019
Data Release Authorized:
Reported: 11/17/98
Date extracted: 11/03/98
Date analyzed: 11/05/98
CONSTITUENT
MATRIX SPIKE
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons 518
MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE
Diesel Range Hydrocarbons 518
MATRIX SPIKE/SPIKB DUPLICATE RECOVBRY
TPHd Surrogate Recovery
Matrix Spike Methylarachidate 50.0%
MS Duplicate Methylarachidate 50.0%
Values reported in ppm (mg/kg) on a dry'weight basis.
SAMPLE SPIKE SPIKE %
VALW VAGW ADDED RBCOVBRY RPD
ANALYTICAL
a
RESOURCES
INCORPORATE

-, -
-
-*
2;
3
\)
\e 4 av\ ~ u h ~ ) e ,
PY (gl
?,o y %?'
CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD WHITE COPY-original (Accompanies Samples) YELLOW COPY-~ollector PINK COPY-project Manager
Bortng
or
Well
Number
, Ofi~b.-L(-
Sample
Number
- 2'
Om) 6-1
.OmLC-- I- 4'
Dm~t'3-u
3 -4'
~rn~t-
~.*\LG-.r-
r(/
Q~LG..A-S/
o~PL~-A-~I/L
RELINQUISHED BY: (Signature)
nku~-W I ~ I ~ I 093a ~ F
RELINQUISHED BY: (Signature) DATEKIME
' .5 11) pi, , 3) I
Depth
O ~ L -4 G - A/ a/
Y ' Y '
DM& - X - A' 2'
am&-a -4) L('
~m ~6 - \ - sxf~l~ttr
O~LG-c-
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a'
2'
Y'
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- I
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7
RELINQUISHED BY (Signature) DATE/TIME RECEIVED BY: (Signature)
ANALYTICAL LABORATORY: I) RC
LABORATORY CONTACT ~vL
DLM CONTACT: h PHONE: mdl. yq
b
500 Market Place Tower '
2025 First Avenue
DAMES & MOO RE Seattle, Washington 98 121
A WES s Mooln cnour COMPANY
T~me
11'40
11s~
I300
(31%
I3x-S-
I~SO
lq33
lL(,3&
4 S
/mr
/C/o
/G30
/&(/3-
DATE/TIME
M ~ f b
Sample
Type
so;\ 10- IY -SB
cc;\ lo -1q -9r:
\
3t1 I 10-IY -%
L ~ ~ 10- l 1q.4~
50 r(l
10- W-qt
6~11 ID-lq -58
SQ;I
r)o ,'I
&/I
\
ad t/
33.;
wt'/
I() -IS-%
/o - /S -Cp
16 -/

DAMES & MOORE .
A DAMES a MOORE GRouP COMPANY
Fax Sheet
500 Market Place Towu
2025 Fmt Avenue
. Seat&, Wagton 98121
206 728 0744 Telephone
2067273350Fax
TO: k~ldc MUCI'L . - company: #KC . F=: -7sa3
K .+m
. F ~ O ~ : su, (SEA) Ea: AC3
Date: 10 - 20 -?g No. of Pages: a ,
Subject: h i
no*-
charge#: \7lr93-000~--
-
c/ooi-o;q- . .
This masage is ittlmdrd ody for& we of the indivldunI or mf@ (a which if is a&his4 and may anfafa hfirrnufion
iha.I ispdvkge~ conpdmq md txempf from duc&surc under app~le ln*. ulhemader of lhe masage ls MI the
intended rtcipunt, or t& empbpe wagen; mpondbk for delivering ibe mer:age, you are hereby noWd tkat any .J
diucmina&n, dirttibution ormpyhg ofBe communlcnMn is stricuyprvhibllrd .fJyou have received the commun~n
in em5 p k d noLIJY Y immld&klj by tckphone and return lfu origin* mesage & lu at the above addnu vla the U.S.
Poslol Svvlu. Thmk you-
J

DBM CONTACT:
FIELD NOTES:'
DATE OF COLLECTION

G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTSWOLDEN-2WTabler. Figures. Appendices.doc
17693005-019Uuly 29,1999;9:11 M , D W FINAL RI REPORT
APPENDIX M
ROCK STRUCTURAL DATA FIELD SHEETS

ROCK STRUCTURAL DATA FIELD SHEET
JOB NO.:
17693405419
Date: 10113198
Recorded By:
DMC
Scanline No.:
Scanline Orientation:
D (m) - pp
0-2.7
02.7
02.7
0-2.7
O+O.O
O+O.O
O+O.O
0+4
Almg Tranwct TI
TI f9.7
TI + 10.4
Along Tranxct R
R+ 13.4
R+ 13.9
12+14.1
R+ 19.4
R+20.5
R> +M.5
1 +37.0
L (m) EO
p ~ -p - ~
2 N45WV
Sheet 1 of 2
Logged by SCW
1
N30W
3 N45UV Quivlwhist
1.5 N45UV Quitc/whiw
2 N45WV . Qtiirclschkt
I N60WV Quivlschist
2.5 N60UV Qtziulwhist
I NbOWV Quitelschist
I N75ES7NW
2.5 EW45N
1.5 EW45N
Rock -p -
Quiulwhist
Qui~clwhist
Quitelschist
Quitelxhist
NSOW4UNE GNEISS
0.5 N80W40NE qtz+pyriu+
1.7 N80W40NE feldspars
0.5 N80W40NE
I N80W40NE
NWW40NE
much pyrirc
.
48.34.37
41.34.38
NIA
NIA
40.30.33
NIA
NIA
64.64.55
38.32.36
25.49.21
34.36.26
NIA
20.22.18
47.49.40
T--
0
0
NA
NO
010
010
OIA
110
010
010
OIA
011
AIA
010
R
- DO C JRC -
N54E70SE P R 5
N67W33NE
N70W34SW
NSOWMNE -
N52E61SE
N75WSZNE
N31WSISW
N52E38SE
N54W55SW
N14E84NW
N78W55SW
N20W7INE
N-SN
NME65SE
P
P
W
P
W
P
P
I
P
W
P
P
P
R 5 2-4cm
R 5+ I-3mm
VR 14-16 I-ZOmm
SmIR 4-8 0lmm
VR 14-18 0-lmm
R 12-16 I-ZOmm
Sm
St
I
Sm
Sm
R
Sm
6-8
18-20 2mm
4-6 NIA
4-6
24
4-6
24
Apen.
< lmm
< lmm
NIA
NIA
Inlidrig
mryualllcd,
clean
weathered rx
sil~.clay.mica
wehedm
none
MDC
rccryslalllcd.
d Y
nla
nanc
NIA
0 NIA
0 NIA
NIA
NIA
JAN
2
2
4
2
2
2
2
I
14
NIA
1
I
NIA
NIA
RolUM
C m
111.2 Joim spacing 0.25 lo 0.5 m b*mn 02.7,0+0.0
111.2
Ill.2
111.2
113.4
113.4
113.4
115
116
117.8
1118
ScMit noc horiaual
Potentiaf M i g
Polcntial Wing
6 fen SW of dm. joint spacing 0.4 m
On bedrock. believe ore mnc due to weathering doration
praninau crack
joint face only I
pmminm joint face. m joint visible
LUU~P mor~ co~~rcd

lnlilling - Emer qpqwktc a&r&iax fm ~llins
I& if pmna. Key to lbbrtrtnimc
JAN - Joim Ahcrumo N umb lnili NGI. 1W. p. A.11-IB &I9 (0 - 20) (

schmit 011 fdling 71.58.50. phom N60E. di top & boaom

ROCK SRUCTURAL DATA FIELDSHEET
JOB NO.:
17693-005-019
Date:
Recorded By:
Scanline No.:
Scanline Orientation:
-
D (m)
T5 + 33.0
T5 + 39.7
TS + 43.0
T5 + 43.7
~5 + 45.2
TS + 50
T5+45.610
T5 + 47.7
T5 + 50.1 to
T5 + 50.5
T5 + 51.8
T5 + 52.8
T5 + 53.0
T5 + 55.0
L (m)
2.5
TS + 58.4 1064
I
0.2-1.0
3
1.0102.5
2-Jan
6,
3m
In
2m
6m
10115198 Sheet 2 of 2
DMC Logging by SCW
T5
N2E
Eo
-E-W
-E-W
-E-W
-E-W
-E-W
-E-W
-E-W
-E-W
-E-W
-E-W
ROC^ Type
Pyritized gnciss
Pyritized gneiss
Pyritizedgnciss
Gneiss/Marble
Gneiss
Gneiss wl shallow
inuusives
GneisdMarble
1-d
D -
T5 + 55.0 to 58.5
-
(mtten) along wanlim ID chc poim u which diirminuii immccu thc xml'inc (&uly
& Bnm. 1935. p. 60)
L - Lmgth d Ik dirmiruity (mrtcrs) mcasurcd how a hclow Ik wanlinc (Brdy & BMvn. 1985. p. 60)
--~
EO - (Xicnnti o Key to abbrcdtimr:
Rtck Typc - Emcr tppmpriuc Ibbrcviatitrn fa hi nnk rype in folluvinp onhr: nrt luw. m h l cunporilin rcxrum. fM, kuxbxhg (NGl. 1982. p. A.11-2) .
Sdrmih - Selrmim hmmcr madings in ~mlnla a ducumna rrlUivc h udms oT ruck (mla 3 mdmp fmm h-)
~ ~
Pyritized gneiss
Pyritized gneiss
f'yritized gnciss
f'yritizedgnciss
Schrmidl
NIA
7' - Nrmm of Ik vrminnim poim (A = u urrhcr diianirmiry: I = in rut mahl: 0 = obrurrd a cumding bcyad Ihc cxmmity of thc upusum)
DO - ~ i m l d d b C ~ i ( a r i l r c . n d dmclsduararIkpoimrdIkintcncaian~thcdinc i )
1
s .
~ ~ l I
T
AIA
IIA
111
OIA
AII
I10
010
010
110
AIA
010
DO
N60W 20NE
N30W 78NE
N35E 87NW
N15W 24SW
NSSE 82NW
N35W IONE
N40W 81SW
N45W62SWto
N80E 75SE
N85E N
NBOE79SE
N22W 75SW
C
W
W
P
I
P/W
PIW
I
W
P
W
W
R
R
RISm
Sm
VR
SmlR
SmIR
VR
R
R
R
R
JRC
810
6-8
66
16-23
2-6
68
18-20
8-10
4-6
10-12
8-10
Apcn.
I-5m
0
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
NIA
0-

APPENDIX N
RESULTS OF STATISTICAL ANALYSES FOR SITE-SPECIFIC WATER BALANCE
G:\WPDATA\OOS\REPORTS\HOLDEN-2MTabler.
Figures, Appcndiccs.doc
17693-0054 19Uuly 29,1999;9: 1 1 AM;DRAFT RNAL R1 REPORT

; Comparisons
RC-1' RC-4" IogRC-1' logRC-4" . ' = Measured flow in cfs
411 6197 63 62.4 1.799341 1.795185 " = estimated flow in'cfs from
511 8197 575 570.9 2.759668 2.75656 rating curve
5/26/97 313 353.3 2.495544 2.548144
911 5197 132 123 2.120574 2.089905
RC-4" RC-
411 6197 60
512 1 197 370
5/25/97 300
513 1 197 780
611 I97 823
6/2/97 . 567
6/9/97 ' 424
711 0197 496
911 5/97 123
9/22/97 87.5

Railraod Creek September 1998 Baseflow Survey
Table 1 - Station. and Flow Four Replicate Flow Measurements at Each Station
Replicate BF-1 BF-2 BF-3 BF-4 BF-5
1 27.84 26.89 31.5 25.32 28.43
2 28.68 27.74 30.98 29.05 27.74
3 27.09 29.84 27.07 27.47 29.46
4 28.84 27.59 31.96 29.6 27.31
Mean 28.1 1 28.02 30.38 27.86 28.24
Std. Dev. 0.81 1.27 2.24 1.92 0.94
Station Descriptions
BF-1 At RC-6
BF-2 Fifty feet downstream of P-5
BF-3 Seventy five feet downstream of the bend adjacent to the septic field
B F-4 Fifty feet downstream of the vehicle bridge
BF-5 At RC-4
a

G:\WPDATA\OOJ\REPORTSWOLDEN-ZWTabler
Figws. Appcndiccs.doc
17693-005-019Vuly 29. 1999;9:11 AM;DRAFT FINAL RI REPORT
APPENDIX 0
MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITY DATA, 1997

January 20,1998
Robert Quinlan
Dames & Moore
633 17th S et, Suite 2500
Denver, CO 80202-3625
Dear Mr. Quinlan:
CHADWICK & ASSOCIATES, INC.
5575 South Sycamore Street, Suite 100
Littleton, Colorado 80120
Phone (303) 794-8976
Fax (303) 794-5041
Enclosed are the analyses of the 88 benthic macroinvertebrate samples collected from the Holden Mine sites
in Washington in 1997. All sample replicates for a site are recorded on one data sheet and a composite
density is given for the replicates.
Also enclosed is a diskette containing these tables in Lotus 1-2-3 format, and the reference collection for this
set of samples. If you have any questions regarding these data, please give me a call.
Sincerely
CHADWICK
A?&-
& ASSOCIATES, INC.
Steven P. Canton
President
Enclosures
sPc/~ar

' AXA
WSECTA
Capni idee
Despaxia augusta
Doroncuris baunami
Megsrcys signeta
Paralcuctre sp.
Swltsa sp.
Tsenionew sp.
Visoka cstaractae
Yoraper la brevis
Zapada cinetipeg
Zapada oregonemiis
Ameletus sp.
Baetts bicaudetus
Cinygne sp.
Cinyaula sp.
Ormella daddsi
Drvrel La grendis
Epeorus grandis
Persleptofhlcbie sp.
Rhi throgene robuste
Serretelle tibielis
Parapsyche elmote
Rhyacophile engelite/perplene
Rhyacophile betteni gr.
Brillie sp.
Chel i fere sp.
Cricotopus tremlus
Dicranote sp.
Enpididee
Uemerodronie sp.
Rhabdunastix sp.
Rheocricotopus sp.
Rheotenytersus sp.
Siwliun sp.
Thienernanielle sp.
OLICOCHAETA
Aulodrilus americanus
TOTAL (#/sq. meter)
NWBER OF TAXA
SHANNON-WEAVER (H')
-......----..--.--..---.----.-.----
MACROINVERTEBRATE OEWSITY
CLIENT: DAMES 6 W E
SITE: RC-3
SAUPLED: 9-20-97
~ -
-- -.----.-----------
COnPOS I TE
A B C 0 E F G H DENSITY

MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DAMES 6 MOORE
SITE: RC-6
SAMPLED: 9-22-97
._.__._.-_*_.-__-----------------------------.-------*-----------.-----l
AXA
CmPOS I TE
I J K L H N 0 P DENSITY
t NSECTA
Cepni t dae
Despsx t s sugus t s
Dorawria beunamt
Hegsrcys stgnats
Pteronercelle bedfe
Swallta sp.
Sucltss sp.
Tamloneare sp.
Vtsoks cstersctae
Yoraper la brevt r
Zapsde clnctipes
Zspda oregamrsis
EPHEHEROPTEUA
Arnletus sp.
Beetts btceudetus
Ceudatells sp.
Cfnygrula sp.
DnnclllJ doddsi
Epeorus deceptiws
Epeorus grandis
Epeons longimenus
Ephemerelle infreqwns
Peraleptophlebia sp.
Rhlthrogena roksts
Glossosane sp.
Leptdostane sp.
Lianephflldae
Neothremne sp.
Perapsyche almota
Parapsyche clsis
Rhyecophile betteni gr.
Rhyacophila b m e gr.
Rhyecbphi la hysllnete/vocale
Rhyscophtls sibirtca or.
Dl PTERA
' Bri 11 ie sp.
Chelifere sp.
Cricotoprs trem~lus
Hexetane sp.
Monohehe8 sp.
Polypedi Lun sp.
Rheocricotopus sp.
Rheotenytarsus sp.
Sinulim sp.,
Zevrelinyia sp.

WCROINVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DAMES 6 WORE
SITE: RC-6
SAMPLED: 9-22-97
__-_-__-___-___.__--*------------------*-.--------.-----.---.--
CMPOSITE
I J K L n N o P DENSITY
Aulodrilus kncrlcaus 240 no 124
mid. Imture Trtrf f icicbe u/o
Cspi l 1 if om Chaetse 260 130 50 10 30 60
'OTAL (U/sq. meter) 1410 lfBO 990 1510 940 1340 2580 750 1419
IlWBER OF TAKA 17 19 .15 24 18 23 29 17 46
;HANNOU-WEAVER (H' ) 3.05 3.11 2.50 3.28 3.29 3.01 3.77 2.95 3.79

I
I
MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DAMES 6 MUXE
SITE: RC-10
SACIPLED: 9-15-97
_.-_.-__-____I-__.------_----.-*-.-*----.-----.--------------
TAXA COnPOSl TE
PLECOPTERA
Despsxia august8
Doroneuria bauwmi
Sveltse sp.
Visoka cateractee
Zapada ci~tfpes
Zapsde oregonemis
Parapsyche slmote
Rhyscophila angelita/perplana
DIPTERA
Rheocricotopcs sp.
Rheotanytarsus sp.
Sinulfun sp.
TOTAL (#/sq. meter)
WEER OF TAXA
SHANNW-WEAVER (H')
A B C D E F C H DENSITY

'MA
Capni idae
Dormria baunerni
Megarcys signate
Paralhuctra sp.
Po&osta/Prostoia
Swallla sp.
Swel tsa sp.
Taenionane sp.
Visoka cataractae
Zapada c i net i pes
Zapeda coldiane
Zapeds oregonmsis
Baetis biceudatus
Caudatella sp.
Cin~slrula sp.
Drutella doddsi
Emorus dec~tins Parapsyche elmota
, Parepsyche elsis
Rhyacmi la angel i ta/perplena
Rhyecophila betteni gr.
Rhyacophila hyalinata/vocela
DIPTERA
Antocha sp.
Brillia sp.
Cricotops trmulus
Dicrsnote sp.
Ortogeton sp.
Polypediltm sp.
Rheotanytarsus sp.
Sim~Li~n Sp.
Unid. lmture Tubificidae u/o
Capilliform Cheetae
lUCROlNVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DAMES 6 MOORE
SITE: SFAC-1
SAMPLED: 9-30-97
,.------.-------*---------------*-------..---.
CGHPOSI TE
G H DENSITY

I
RACROlNVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: ONES L HWRE
SITE: SFAC-1
WPLEO: 9-30-97
....-....--..-..-...1..---.------------------*-----------------,----
TAXA
NEMTOOA
. COnPOSlTE
A B C D E F t H DENSITY
Unid. Nematode 10 10 3
WYDRAURf NA
Sperchon/Sperchomp6i s . 10 10 10 4
TOTAL (l/sq. meter) 640 1050 1520 670 1530 1580 970 190 1058
YUlBER OF TAXA 8 18 11 12 13 18 13 10 37
SHANNON-YEAVER (H') 2.08 3.07 2.48 2.66 1.91 3.20 2.20 2.10 3.07
----1-----..---_1-_----.----.-------.------------.-.-----

MCROINVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DAMES 6 MOORE
SITE: RC-5A
SAMPLED: 9-16-97
_._.-_-__-_-__--___-*---------------.------.-*---------*-------------------**-------*--.--.--------.---*-
TAXA
PLE~TERA
sw1tsa sp.
CWWSITE
A B C D E F G H DENSITY
Cheunatopsyche sp. 20 3
~ianephi lidae 10 1
Parapsyche almota 20 10 20 10 8
Rhyscophi la hyalinata/vocala , 10
1
Brillis sp.
(lanohelea sp.
Simliun sp.
TOTAL (#/sq. meter) 50 20 40 40 30 150 20 60 52
WBER OF TAXA 3 2 4 2 3 5 2 2 9
SHAWNOW-WEAVER (H') 1.52 1.00 2.00 0.81 1.58 1.74 1.00 0.65 2.17
_-___-__-_____.____-*-----------*--------.----------*----------------------------------------------------

1 YSECTA
WACROINMRTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DAMES 8 W E
SITE: BC-1
SMPLEO: 9-28-97
__*_-*__-____-.____-*--------.-------------.---------.-.--------------*--------------------*------------
Capli idae
Oespaxia augusta
Ooroneuria baunami
Megarcys signeta
PteroMrcella badis
PteroMrcys californlca
Swallia sp.
Sweltsa sp.
Isenfortema sp.
Virokr catarsctae
Zepsds cinctipes
Zap& colurbians
ZspeQ orcgonensio
Amletus sp.
Baetis bicaudetus
Baetis sp.
Cadatella sp.
Cinyaula sp.
DrmeLLa doddsi
Epeork decept i vus
Epeorus grandis
Epeorus longinrenus
Ephanerella infrequens
Heptagenia elegantula
Paraleptophlcbia sp.
Rhithrogene r b t e
Serratella tibialis
Apatania sp.
Glossosana sp.
nystacides sp.
Oligophlibodes sp.
Parapsyche elsis
Rhyacophila angellta/perplane
Rhyacophila betted gr.
Rhyacophila hyalinata/vocala
Rhyacophila rayneri
Brillia sp.
Chelifera sp.
Cricotoprs trenulus
. Dicranota sp.
Enpididae
Hemerodrani a sp.
uexetcme sp.
Monohelea sp.
Rheocricotoprs sp.
Rheotanytarsus sp.
Sinuliun sp.
Zavrel imyia sp.
COWPOSI TE
A B C 0 E F G H DENSITY

UCROINVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DAMES & MOORE
SITE: BC-1
SMPLED: 9-28-97
COMPOSITE
A B C D E F G H DENSITY
hid. Nematode 10 10 3
Hygrobates sp.
Sperchon/Sperchonopsi s
fOTAL (U/sq. wterl 500 1820 680 1420 930 1430 670 510 997
MER OF TAXA 15 20 17 n 21 19 13 20 52
;HANYQ(-UEAVER (HI) 3.23 2.44 3.15 4.15 3.14 2.53 2.10 3.85 1.01
___---------------_-----------.------------------------

I
'MA
NSECTA
Capni i&e
Claassmie sebulose
Oespaxia augusta
Doroncurie baunemi
Hegarcys signeta
Paraperla sp.
Pteravrrcel la badis
Pteronercys californice
Swltsa 6p.
Tamionem up.
Visoka cetarectee
Y orepcr la brevis
Zapeda cinctipes
Zap& oregonem l s
EPHEMEROQTERA
Ameletus sp.
Beetis biceudatus
Clnygrute sp.
Drrnelle coloredensis
Orvwlla doddsi
DrmetLe grendis
Epeorus deceptiws
Epeorus grendis
Ephemerelle infrequens
Pereleptophlebie sp.
Rhithrogene robuste
Serretelle tibielis
TRICHOPTERA
Ecclisayie sp.
Glossosane sp.
Parapsyche elmote
Rhyecophile bettmi gr.
Rhyecophi la brme gr.
0 l PTERA
Brillie sp.
Chelifere sp.
Cricotop~ trermlus
Oicranote sp.
Hexatane sp.
Rheocricotoprs sp.
Rheotenytersus sp.
Simuliun sp.
CLIENT: OWES 6 MOORE
SITE: RC-1
SWPLEO: 9-12-97
COMPOS I TE
A- B C 0 E F G H DENSITY

MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DAMES & MOORE
SITE: RC-1
SAMPLED: 9- 12-97
_____*___-_____.__---------------.-----.---*------------.---.-.-----------*-----------------------------
M A COnPOSl TE
A B C D E F G H DENSITY
Polycella cormts 10 1
tNNELIDA
OLI WCHAETA
Aulodrl lus wricenus
Unid. lmneture Tcbificidae w/o
Capllliform Chsetse
roTAL (Il/sq. meter)
UBER OF T W
JHANNOW-WEAVER (HI)

TAXA
INSECTA
Desputis sugusts
Leuctrs sp.
swcltsa sp.
Zspada cinctips
Zapeda coluhiana
Zepeda oregonensis
Bset i s bfcaudatus
Leptoceridae
Parapsyche almota
Rhyacophi la angel i ta/perplana
Chelifere sp.
Cricotops tremulus
Dinmesa sp.
Dlcranots se.
Dixa sp.
Hexatoma sp.
Monohelea sp.
Rheocricotopa sp.
Rheotsnytarsus sp.
Siauliun sp.
MCROINMRTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DAMES L W E
SITE: RC-7
SUPLED: 9-13-97
Polycelis coronata 10 1
TOTAL (~sq. meter) 70 10 40 110 60 50 40 110 64
NWBER OF TAXA 4 1 4 11 5 4 3 2 2 1
SHANNON-WEAVER (H' 1.66 0.00 2.00 3.38 2.25 1.92 1.50 0.41 3.59
----I-----------.------------------------------------------------------------------------

m TR'CHOPTEiU
lUCROlNVERTEBRATE DEYSlTY
CLIENT: - - DAMES L WXXE
SITE: RC-9
SAMPLED: 9-13-97
.._.__.____________----.------.---.-----------..---.------
Cepni i dae
Despaxia augusta
Doraneuria baunami
Kathroperla sp.
Sweltse sp.
Tamionerne sp.
Zapada cinctipes
Zapada oregamrsis
EPHWROPTERA
Amletus sp.
Beet i s biceudetus
Cinygwla sp.
Druwlle coloradensis
Druwlla daddsi
Drvrlla grendis
Epeorus decept i vus
Epeorus grandis
Ephanerella infrequens
Paraleptophlebia sp.
Rhi throgena hegeni
Rhithrogme robust8
Parapsyche elmote
parapsyche elsis
Rhecophile brme gr.
Rhyecophile ktteni gr.
Rhyacophila sibirica gr.
Dl PTERA
Brillie sp.
Chelifere sp.
Cricotops tremlus
Dimness sp.
Dicrenota sp.
Hexetane sp.
nonohelea sp.
Oreogetm sp.
Rheocricotoprs Sp.
Rheotanytarsus sp-
Sim~Liun sp.
Zevrelimyia sp.
330
TOTAL (#/sq. meter) 1510 300 20 240 10 200 70 260
NWBER OF TAXA 25 11 2 12 1 10 1 13 37
C .47
SHANNON-UEAMR (H' ) 3.84 3.08 1.00 3.42 0.00 2.84 0.00 3.24
8
___________________------------------.-------------.----
/

MCROINYERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DUES 6 MORE
SITE: RC-6
SAWPLEO: 9-11-97
_____._____.____.._------------------.*.---------..------*-
TAKA COIPOSITE
A B C D E F t H DENSITY
PLECOPTERA
Calineuria californica
Capni idee
~espexia august8
Dorowria baunemi
Megarcys signeta
ptermrcys californica
swallia sp.
sWe1tsa sp.
Tamioncme sp.
Visoka cataractae
Yoraper la brevis
Zapsds cinctipes
Zapada col~iana
Zapada oregonnsis
beletus sp.
~aet i s bi caudedtus
Cadatella sp.
ciygnula sp.
Dru~lla doddsi
armel -. - La soinifera
Epeorus dGept i vus
Epeorus grandis
Ephemerella infrequens
Paraleptopdrlebia sp.
~hlth&em robusta
Cheunatopsyche sp.
GLOSSOS~ Sp.
Leptoceridae
Parapsyche almota
Rhyacophila betteni Or-
Rhyacophila brvnea gr.
Rhyacophi la hyal inata/vocala
Rhyacophils sibirica Or.
RhyacMils sibirica/perplam
Brillia Sp.
Chelifera sp.
Oiamesa sp.
Oicranota sp.
nexatana sp.
Monohelea sp.
Rhabdanast ix sp.
Rheocricotopls Sp.
Rheotanytarsus Sp.
Simliun sp.
Thienema~ielta sp.

Dugesfa sp.
Polycelis cormeta
Mid. Innature Tubffitidee u/o
Cepillifom Chaetae
MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: DUES & MOORE
SITE: RC-6
SAIIPLED: 9-11-97
COMPOSITE
A B C D E F C H DENSITY

MACROINVERTEBRATE DEUSITY
CLIENT: OWES 6 K#nE
SITE: CC-1
SAMPLED: 10-2-97
___-_-___._______-_------------.-------------------------
YSECTA
Cspni idea
Daspaxia augusta
Doroneuria bsuwmi
Hegarcys signets
noselis infuscats
Sursllia sp.
Swcltsa sp.
, Taenloneme sp.
Viodca catarsctee
Yoraperla bravie
Zspsda cinetipes
Zapa& ortgonnsis
Bsctis bicaudetus
twdatclla sp.
cinyOrnJ1a sp.
Drcnelle doddsi
Epcorus dcccptivus
Epcorus grendis
Epcorus longimens
Psralcptophlcbie sp.
Rhi thrctgena rabuste
TRICHOPTERA
Apatanie sp.
Dolophi Lodes sp.
Glossosana sp.
' Parspsyche almta
Parspsyche elsis
Rhyncophile angelite/perplena
Rhyecophile hyelinata/vocele
DIPTEIU.
Brillie sp.
Chclifcra sp.
Dlcranota sp.
Rheocricotopls sp.
Rheotenytersus sp.
Simliun sp.
TURBELLARlA
Polycelis coronata
AWUELIDA
OL ItOCHAETA
Aulodrilus emericanus 220 80' 220 68
Unid. lmwture Tubificidae u/o
Capillifom Chaetae 300 580 290 90 240 1590 389

MACROINVERTEBRATE DENSITY
CLIENT: ONES & W E
SITE: CC-1
SAWPLED: 10-2-97
.---.---------*___.--------*--*-----------.-----------.---.----------
UA
CWPOSITE
A B C D E F G H DENSITY
EMTaOA
Unid. Nenratoda 10 20 10 10 6
YDRACAR INA
SperchWSperchonopsi s 10 1
OTAL (U/sq. meter) 1020 870 2080 950 700 900 670 2950 1266
WER OF TAXA 15 17 22 11 15 17 11 23 39
IIANNW-UEAVER (H1> 2.80 3.11 3.21 3.13 3.02 3.42 3.01 2.60 3.55
---1---.--1_-*--------------*-----.*--------------.-------.----.-*----*-.-----------------------.-------

..
DAMES AND MOORE HOLDEN MINE REFERENCE COLLECTION
Vial Number Order Taxa Site
P- 1 Plecoptera Pteronarcys call~ornica RC-1D I
P-2 Plecoptera Yoraperla brevis CC-1A
P-3 Plecoptera Taenionema sp. CC-1A
P-4 Plecoptera Zupada cincHpes RC-3G
P-5 Plecoptera Zapada columbiana RC-7C
P-6 Plecoptera Zapada oregonensis RC- 1 OD
P-7 Plecoptera Despaxia augusta RC3E
P-8 Plecoptera tpuctra sp. RC-7F
P-9 Plecoptera Paraleuctra sp. RC-3A
P-10 Plecoptera Claassenia sabulosa RC-IB
P-11 Plecoptera Doroneuna baumanni RC3A
P-12 Plecoptera Megarcys signata
RC-1B
P-13 PIecoptera Suwallia sp. RC-6G
P-14 Plecoptera Sweltsa sp. RCdK
P-15 Plecoptera Calineuna californica RCdA
P-16 Plecoptera Visoka cataractae RC-60
P-17 Plecoptera Moselia inficscata CC-1B
P-18 Plecoptera Kathroperla sp.
RC-9A
E- 1 Ephemeroptera Ameletus sp. BC- 1 H
E-2 Epherneroptera Baetis bicaudatus RC3G
E-3 Ephemeroptera Cinygma sp. RC-3E
-
E-4 Ephemeroptera Cinygmula sp. RC-3G
E-5 Ephemeroptera Epeorus deceptivus RC-6P
E-6 Ephemeroptera Epeoms grandis
CC- 1 D
E-7 Ephemeroptera Heptagenra elegantula BC- 1 H
I
I
I
I
I
,
I
i
!
1
I
I
I
I
I I
I
,
I
4
I
I
I
A

Vial Number Order Taxa Site
E-8 Ephemeroptera Rhithrogena robusta RC-3G
E-9 Ephemeroptera Drunella doddF~ RC-6P
E-10 Ephcmeroptera Drunella grandis RC-9D
E-1 1 Ephemeroptera Ephemerella infrequens SFAC-C
E-12 Ephemeroptera Sewatella tibialis RC-3H
E-13 Ephemerop tera Paraleprophlebia sp. RC-6P
E-14 Ephemeroptera Caudarella sp. BC-1B
E-15 Ephemeroptera Epeorus longimanus BC-1B
E-16 Epherneroptera Drtrnella coloradensis RC-1E
E-17 Ephemeroptera Rhithrogena hageni RC-9A
T- 1 Trichoptera Dolophilodes sp. CC- 1 G
T-2 Trichoptera Parapsyche almora RC-3H
T-3 Trichoptera Rhyacophila angelita/perplana RC-3F
T-4 Trichoptera Rhyacophila betteni gr. RC-3H
T-5 Trichoptera Rhyacophila brunnea gr. RC-9B
T-6 Trichoptera Rhyacophila hyalinaroltocala RC-5A and C
T-7 Trichoptera Rhyacophtla rayneri BC- 1 C
T-8 Trichoptera Glossossoma sp. RC-6P
T-9 Trichoptera Ecclisomyia sp. RC 1-F
T-10 Trichoptera Limnophilidae pupae RC-5A and G
T-11 Trichoptera Mysracides sp. BC- 1 H
T-12 Trichoptera Neothremma sp. RC-6L
T- 13 Trichoptera Parapsyche elsls BC-1B
T-14 Trichoptera Aparanra sp. CC- 1 C
T-15 Trichoptera Ollgophlebodes sp. BC-1B
d

DAMES AND MOORE HOLDEN MINE REFERENCE COLLECTION
Vial Number Order Taxa Site
D- 1 Diptera Monohelea sp. RC-6B
D-2 Diptera Simulium sp. RC-3H
D-3 Diptera Antocha sp. SFAC-C
D-4 Diptera Dicranota sp. CC-1A
D-5 Diptera Hexatoma sp. RC-1B
D-6 Diptera Rhabdomastix sp. RC-3A
D-7 Diptcra Chefifera sp. RC-3H
D-8 Diptera Hememdromia sp. RC3A
D-9 Diptera Oreogeron sp. RC-9A
Dl0 Diptera Dixa sp. RC-7A
Tu- 1 Turbellaria Polycelis coronata RC-6?4
H- 1 Hydracarina Sperchon/Sperchonopsis BC- I E
H-2 Hydracarina Hxrobates sp. BC- 1 D

Slide Number
DM 1097- 1
DM 1097- 1
DM 1097- 1
DM 1097-2
DM1 097-7
DM 1097- 10
DM1097-18
DM 1097B- 1
DAMES AND MOORE HOLDEN MINE REFERENCE COLLECTION
CHIRONOMID/OLIGOCHAETE
Label Name
Or- 1
Or-2
Or-3
Or-4
Tt-1
Di- 1
TP-1
Ch- 1
Taxa
Cricotopus fremulus
Brillia sp.
Rheocncotopus sp.
Thienemanniella sp.
Rheotanytarsus sp.
Diamesa sp.
Zavrelimyia sp.
Polypedilum sp.
Site 1
RC-3A
RC-3A
RC3A
RC-3A
RC-7A
RC-7A
BC- 1C
SFAC- 1A

APPENDIX P
WASHINGTON NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM INFORMATION
G:\WPDATA\OOSWPORTSWOLDEN-ZUu\Table~.
Figwes. Appendices.doc
17693405419Vuly 29. 1999;9:11 AM;DIUFT FINAL R1 REPORT

@ August 11,1997
Linda Krippner
Dames & Moore
500 Market Place Tower
2025 1 st Avenue
Seattle WA 98 12 1
WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENTOF
SUBJECT: Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study for Holden Mine Site, Chelan County
(T31N R17E S07)
JENNIFER M. BELCHER
Commissioner of Public lands
We've searched the Natural Heritage Information System for information on significant natural features
in your study area. Currently, we have no records for rare plants or high quality ecosystems in the
vicinity of your project. However, two state sensitive plant species, Pellaea breweri (Brewer's cliff-
brake) and Cryptogramma stelleri (Steller's rockbrake) occur within about three miles of your project
area. I have enclosed a list of rare plant species for Chelan County for your use.
The Washington Natural Heritage Program is responsible for information on the state's endangered,
threatened, and sensitive plants as well as high quality ecosystems. The Department of Fish and
Wildlife manages and interprets data on wildlife species of concern in the state. For information
on animals of concern in the state, please contact Priority Habitats and Species, Washington
Department of Fish and Wildlife, 600 Capitol Way N, Olympia, WA 98501-1091, or by phone (360)
902-2543.
The information provided by the Washington Natural Heritage Program is based solely on existing
information in the database. In the absence of field inventories, we cannot state whether or not a given
site contains high quality ecosystems or rare species; there may be significant natural features in your
study area of which we are not aware.
We are currently re-evaluating our data distribution policies and fees. We are considering offering our
products via subscription services and the Internet. If you have the opportunity and technology, visit our
new World Wide Web site at www.wa.gov/dnr. We would appreciate your comments on how we can
better serve you. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to call me at (360) 902-1667, or by E-
Mail: sandra.moody@wadnr.gov.
Sincerely,
Sandy Swope Moody, Environmental Coordinator
Washington Natural Heritage Program
Division of Forest Resources
11 11 WASHINGTON ST SE I PO BOX 47000 1 OLYMPIA, WA 98504-7000
FAX: (360) 902- 1775 1 TTY: (360) 902- 7 125 1 TEL:, (360) 902- 7000
Equal OpportunityIAffirmative Action Employer
RECYCLED PAPER
.
.