Signalbehandling_til_lydsøgning - Danmarks Tekniske Universitet

Indholdsfortegnelse
KAPITEL 1 ..............................................................................................................................................................15
INTRODUKTION ......................................................................................................................................................15
1.1 Opdeling af musik......................................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Musik klassifikationssystem .......................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Overblik ....................................................................................................................................................... 5
KAPITEL 2 ............................................................................................................................................................... 6
MUSIK KLASSIFIKATION .......................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 Opfattelse af lyd ................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Ørets anatomi....................................................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Pitch .................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.4 Loudness.............................................................................................................................................10
2.5 Kritiske frekvensbånd ..........................................................................................................................11
2.6 Opfattelse af musikgenre .....................................................................................................................12
2.7 Opsætning af forudsætninger...............................................................................................................14
KAPITEL 3 ..............................................................................................................................................................15
MUSIK FEATURES ...................................................................................................................................................15
3.1 Valg af features ...................................................................................................................................16
3.2 Korttidslige feature..............................................................................................................................18
3.3.1 Mel-frekvens cepstrale koefficienter (MFCC) ........................................................................................................ 21
3.1.3 Zero Crossing Rate (ZCR).................................................................................................................................... 22
3.1.5 Audio Spectrum Envelope (ASE).................................................................................................................... 23
3.1.6 Audio Spektrum Centroid............................................................................................................................... 23
3.1.7 Audio Spektrum Spread .......................................................................................................................24
3.1.8 Spectral Flattness Measure.............................................................................................................................. 24
3.2 Tidslig feature integration ...................................................................................................................25
3.2.1 AR-features.................................................................................................................................................... 25
3.3.2 Estitmation af parametre ....................................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.3 MAR features ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.4 DAR features........................................................................................................................................................ 28
3.4 Kernel model til feature behandling.............................................................................................................28
3.3.1 Kernel Orthonormalized Partial Least Squares (KOPLS) ................................................................................. 29
3.4 Diskussion...................................................................................................................................................31
KAPITEL 4 ..............................................................................................................................................................32
SEPARATION AF KILDESIGNALER.............................................................................................................................32
4.1 Ikke-negativ matrice faktorisering (NMF) ............................................................................................34
4.2.1 Ikke-negativ faktorisering til separation af enkel-kanals polyfoniske lydsignaler........................................35
4.3 Perceptionelt vægtet NMF til separation af mono polyfoniske lydsignaler ............................................38
4.3.1 Perceptionelt motiverede vægte ...................................................................................................................... 38
4.3.2 Vægtet ikke-negative faktorisering (WNMF)................................................................................................... 41
4.4 Ikke-negativ matrix 2D faktorisering til separation af lydsignaler.........................................................41
4.5 Automatisk identifikation af trommesignaler ........................................................................................44