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:joDe' r}To a'4 dxfljxf/
36gf, ;To / oyfy{tf
36gf / ;To
8f= u0f]z dfnL
ljZj clgTo 5, kl/jt{gzLn 5 . oxfF s'g} klg PsIf0fsf] nflu klg pxL /xFb}g . c0f'
k/df0f'x?b]lv lnP/, xfd|f rf/}lt/sf j:t'x? tyf xfd|f] lrQ / z/L/ klg kne/sf] nflu klg pxL
/xb}g . eujfg\ a'4n] xfd|f] z/L/ / dgnfO{ bLklzvf -aln/x]sf] aQLsf] Hjfnf_ sf] pkdf lbg'x'G5 .
z/L/ / dg sxnfOg] :gfo'k'~h / dl:tissf k|To]s c0f', k|To]s sf]if k|ltan abln/xG5g\ . slt
k'/fgf sf]ifx? dl//xG5g\ / gofF alg/xG5g\, slt gi6 eP/ uPsf sf]if km]/L aGb}gg\ .
csf]{ zAbdf eg'F eg] ljZjdf ;a} ultlzn 5g\ . rnfodfg 5g\ . hf] ;fFrf] cy{df 5 eGg
;S5f}F cyf{t h:sf] cl:tTj 5 . jf:tjdf kbfy{ / zlQm klg Ps cfk;df abln/xG5g\ cyf{t kbfy{ /
zlQm cGt/ kl/jt{gLo 5g\ . oxL rnfodfg kbfy{ cyf{t zlQmåf/f ;~rflnt clgTo kbfy{ cyjf csf]{
cy{df k|ltkn abnL k'/fgfaf6 gofF l:yltdf cfO/xg] kbfy{÷zlQm g} ljZjsf] d"n cfwf/df /x]sf] 5 .
o;}sf/0f ljZj kl/jt{gzLn 5, clgTo 5 / 36gfx?n] kl/k"0f{ 5, 36gfdo 5 . oxfF lgTo
slx klg s]xL g s]xL eOg}/xG5g\ cyf{t 36gfx? 3l6/xG5g\ . oxfF s]xL x'g'nfO{ 36gf eGg] ;+1f
lbOPsf] 5 . ljZjdf slx klg 36gf 36\5 t oyfy{df 36\5 . k|To]s 36gfleq Pp6f ;Totf x'G5 .
Pp6f jf:tljs l:ylt x'G5 ls o;k|sf/ of] 36gf 36\of], o;sf/0f of] 36gf 36\of], 36gf cl3 o:tf]
lyof] cj o:tf] eof] . xfdL yfxf kfcf}F of gkfcf}F, of xfdL cfkm\gf] OlGb|osf] ;Lldttfsf] sf/0f jf
c?af6 elgg] / ;'lgg] sf/0f jf s;}n] gb]v], g;'g] klg ljZjdf slx klg s'g} 36gf 36\5 eg] To;df
;Totf lglxt x'G5 Tof] jf:tljstfdf 36]sf] x'G5, To;df oyfy{tf x'G5 . jf:tjdf ljZjsf sltko
36gf xfd|f] hfgsf/Ldfg} cfpb}gg\ / hlt klg hfgsf/Ldf cfpF5g\ e|dk"0f{ eP/ aFfluP/, df]l8P/
cfpF5g\ . clg km]/L slt ;f+;fl/s 36gfx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] :jfy{j+z JolQmx? aUofpF5g\ . unt ?kdf
k|:t't u5{g, h;dWo] w]/} h;f] xfdL kTofpF5f}F klg o;sf/0f xfdL e|dk"0f{ l:yltdf cyjf c1fgdf jf
cljBfdf /xG5f}F . oyfy{tfnfO{ yfxf gkfpg'nfO{ g} cljBf elgG5 . t/ xfdL enf e|ddf /x'g :jo+
36gfleq ;Totf cjZo x'G5 . e|d s;/L ;[lht x'G5 To:sf] Pp6f ;/n pbfx/0f oxfF k|:t't ul/G5 .
36gfx? ;sf/0f 36\5g\, ljgf sf/0f xf]Og / 36gfsf] sf/0f s'g} 36gf 36\g' cuf8Lsf] oyfy{l:ylt jf
k"j{ 36gfx? g} x'G5g\ . km]/L j}1flgs lgod cg';f/ lglZrt sf/0fsf] kmn:j?k lglZrt 36gfg} 36\5
(Like causes prodcuce like effects) h:t} eg' xfO8«f]hg / clS;hgsf] ;+of]u u/fO{ tfk
lbPdf kfgL aG5 . ljZjsf] s'g} klg s'gfdf of] lgod nfu' x'G5 . of] sfo{ sf/0fsf] lgodg} lj1fgsf]
d'nfwf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . t/ xfd|f] c1fgtfsf] sf/0f xfdLn] 36\gfx?sf] sf/0fsf] ?kdf Pp6f
slNkt cb[Zo zlQmnfO{ lhDd]jf/ ;+DemG5f}F . To; cb[Zo tTjnfO{ h];'s} gfd lbP klg, Tof] jf:tjdf
xfd|f] c1fgtfsf] ;[hgf g} x'G5 . 36\g} 36\gfn] kl/k"0f{ ljZjdf xfdL Pp6f aflx/sf] tTjnfO{ NofP/
36\gfnfO{ JofVof u5f}{ . ;fob\ jf:tljstf yfxf kfPsf] eP, ;a} 36\gfx?nfO{ 5n{+u b]v]sf] a'em]sf] eP
o;f] ug'{ cfjZos x'Fb}gYof] xf]nf . ljZjsf] ;Dk"0f{ 36gfx?sf] oyfy{tf jf ;Totfsf] 1fg xfdLnfO{ 5}g
t s;nfO{ xf]nf < of] k|Zgg} unt 5, lsgsL 36gf kl/k"0f{ of] ljZjdf 36gfx?afx]s cgflb b]lv
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