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jif{ !!, c+s @$^, @)&% r}q !$ ut] laxLaf/ -g]kfn ;+jt !!#(_ (Thursday 28, March 2019) 

d'No ¿= %÷– ki7 * 

‘g]kfn nufgLsf nflu pko'Qm ynf]’ 

;+If]k 

;]gfsf] k|jQmfdf kf08] 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;}lgs 

hg;Dks{ tyf ;"rgf lgb{]zssf] 

lhDd]jf/L ;xfos/yL lj1fgb]j 

kf08]n] kfPsf 5g\ . bfªl:yt 

!( gDa/ aflxgLsf aflxgLklt 

;xfos/yL kf08]nfO{ ;}lgs 

d'Vofno hª\uL c8\8fn] ;]gfsf] 

k|jQmfsf] lhDd]jf/L lbPsf] xf] . 

pgn] s]xL lbgkl5 dfq cfkm\gf] 

lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNg]5g . xfnsf 

k|jQmf ofdk|;fb 9sfnsf] 

k"jL{k[tgfcGtu{t wgs'6fsf] 

lxn]l:yt @ gDa/ aflxgLsf] 

aflxgLkltdf 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

sf“u|];sf] Wofgfsif{0f 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–k|d'v 

k|ltkIfL bn g]kfn sfª\u|];n] 

cfÎgf sfo{stf{nfO{ /fhgLlts 

k|ltzf]w /fvL k"jf{u|xL 9ª\un] 

d'2f nufOPsf] eGb} Wofgfsif{0f 

ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . sfª\u|]; 

;+;bLo bnsf] sfof{non] 

?s'd -k"j{_ e"d] ufpFkflnsf–( 

lgjf;L sfª\u|]; dxflwj]zg 

k|ltlglw Pj+ lqe'jg hgtf 

dfljsf ljBfno Joj:yfkg 

;ldlt ;b:o gGbaxfb'/ 

lji6nfO{ em'7f ;fj{hlgs 

d'2f nufPsf] hgfPsf] 

5 . k|ltzf]w k|]l/t em'7f d'2f 

nufO{ /fhgLlts sfo{stf{, 

g]tf tyf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ b'Mv 

lbg] sfo{n] 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

ef/tLo ljb]z ;lrj cfp“b} 

sf7df8f}F-h;_– 

ef/tsf ljb]z ;lrj ljho 

uf]Vn] g]kfnsf] b'O{ lbj;Lo 

cf}krfl/s e|d0fdf laxLaf/ 

sf7df8f}F cfpFb} 5g\ . 

cfÎgf g]kfnL ;dsIfL 

zª\s/bf; j}/fuL;Fu ef/ 

t–g]kfn ;DaGwsf ;a} 

kIfdf ljrf/ljdz{ ug{ pgL 

cfpg nfu]sf x'g\ . k|wfgdGqL 

s]kL zdf{ cf]nL / k//fi6«dGqL 

k|bLks'df/ 1jfnL;Fu pgn] 

a]Unfa]Un} lzi6frf/ e]6 

ug{] sfo{qmd /x]sf] k//fi6« 

dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 . s/La 

!% dxLgfcl3 ljb]z ;lrjdf 

lgo'Qm uf]Vn]sf] of] klxnf] 

cf}krfl/s e|d0f xf] . ef/tsf] 

ljb]z ;lrjdf lgo'Qm ePkl5 

kf/:kl/s ljifodf 5nkmn ug{ 

gofF lbNnLaf6 pRr s"6gLlts 

clwsf/Ln] g]kfn e|d0f ug{ 

k/Dk/f 5 . b'O{ ;lrjsf] g]t[Tjdf 

laxLaf/ g} låkIfLo jftf{ x'g]5 . 

;lrj uf]Vn]sf ;fy ;x;lrj 

;'wfs/ bn]nf klg e|d0f bndf 

;xefuL x'g]5g . . 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;/sf/n] 

nufgL ;Dd]ngnfO{ Pp6f pT;jsf 

¿kdf ;DkGg ub} { g]kfn 

nufgLsf nflu pko'Qm ynf] xf] 

eGg] tYo :yflkt ug] { ePsf] 5 . 

cy{dGqfnodf a'waf/ cfof]lht 

kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf cy{dGqL 

8f o'j/fh vltj8fn] ;/sf/n] 

lnPsf] cfly{s ;d[l4sf] nIonfO{ 

klxNofpg ;Dd]ng dxTjk"0f{ 

cj;/sf ¿kdf :yflkt x'g] 

lJfZjf; JoQm u/] . ;Dd]ng 

oxL r}t !% / !^ ut] cfof]hgf 

ul/Psf] 5 . ;~rf/ tyf ;"rgf 

k|ljlwdGqL uf]s'n afF:sf]6f, nufgL 

af]8{sf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t 

dxfk|;fb clwsf/L, g]kfn pBf]u 

jfl0fHo dxf;ª\3, g]kfn r]Da/ 

ckm sd;{ tyf g]kfn pBf]u 

kl/;ª\3sf kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;fydf 

g} /fv]/ cfof]hgf ul/Psf] kqsf/ 

;Dd]ngdf cy{dGqL vltj8fn] 

eg], æ;Dd]ng ;a} g]kfnLsf] 

;femf cleofg xf] . o;nfO{ 

;kmn kfg{ / b]zdf j}b]lzs 

nufgL leqØfpg ;d]t dxTjk"0f{ 

cj;/ xf] .Æ 

pgn] ljsf;sf ;Defjgf / 

cfjZostfnfO{ Vofn ub} { ;/sf/, 

:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL nufgLstf{sf 

aLrdf ;'dw'/ ;DaGw ljsf; 

u/L /fli6«o cfjZostfnfO{ k"/f 

ug{;d]t ;Dd]ng ;kmn x'g] 

ljZjf; JoQm u/] . ;Dd]ngdf 

;/sf/sf %) / lghL If]qsf @% 

u/L s"n && kl/of]hgfnfO{ …zf] 

s]zÚ df /flvg] / g]kfn nufgLsf 

nflu c;fWo} cg's"n cj:yfdf 5 

eGg] ;Gb]z lbg nfluPsf] pgn] 

pNn]v u/] . 

;Dd]ngsf qmddf g}Ps bh{g 

a9L kl/of]hgf;Fu ;dembf/Ldf 

x:tfIf/ ug] {tof/L;d]t ul/Psf]5 . 

;Dd]ngdf $) b]zsf pRr:t/Lo 

k|ltlglwd08nnufot ^)) a9L 

nufgLstf{sf] ;xefuL x'g]5 . 

k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] 

pb\3f6g ug' {x'g] sfo{qmddf 

g]kfn ;/sf/sf pRrkb:y 

clwsf/L, oxfFl:yt ljb]zL 

s"6gLlts lgof]usf k|ltlglw, 

ljsf; ;fem]bf/ ;+:yf, g]kfnsf 

lghL If]q, u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL 

tyf :jb]zL nufgLstf{nufotsf] 

;xeflutf /xg]5 . 

b'O{ lbg;Dd rNg] ;Dd]ngdf 

s[lif, hnljB't\, pBf]u, ko{6g, 

oftfoft zx/L k"jf{wf/ Pj+ lzIff 

tyf :jf:Yo If]q;DaGwL kl/of]hgf 

k|:t't ul/g]5 . ;Dd]ngnfO{ 

g} Wofgdf /fv]/ ;/sf/n] xfn} 

;ª\3Lo ;+;b\af6 …;fj{hlgs lghL 

;fem]bf/L tyf nufgL P]gÚ, …ljb]zL 

d]/f] rl/q xTof ug{ vf]lhof] M dGqL du/ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–/fli6«o 

uf}/jsf] cfof]hgf d]nDrL 

vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf lgjf{w?kdf 

cufl8 a9fpg ;/sf/ k|oTgzLn 

/x]sf] vfg]kfgL dGqfnon] :ki6 

kf/]sf] 5 . dGqfnosf tkm{af6 

a'waf/ Ps k|]; lj1lKt k|sflzt 

ub}{ dGqL lagf du/n] d]nDrL 

vfg]kfgL ljsf; ;ldltn] 

ljleGg ljsNkdf 5nkmn 

u/]sf]n] l5§} cfof]hgf ;DkGg 

ug]{ 7f]; lg0f{o x'g] atfOg . 

cfof]hgf cfd g]kfnLsf] k|tLIff, 

k|lti7f / uf}/jsf] cfof]hgf 

ePsf] eGb} dGqL du/n] rl/q 

xTof ug]{ dg;fosf ;fy ul/g] 

k|rf/k|lt b'Mv JoQm u/]sL 5g\ . 

cfÎgf] sfo{sfndf g} cfof]hgfsf] 

;'?ª lgdf{0f :fDkGg ePsf] tyf 

clwsf+z sfd ;DkGg eP klg 

s]xL sfd afFsL /x]sf] cj:yfdf 

O6flnog 7]s]bf/ sDkgL 

l;Pd;Ln] s]xL dxLgf klxn] 

xft lemSbf ;d:of cfPsf] dGqL 

du/sf] k|i6f]lQm 5 . 

7]s]bf/ sDkgL cfly{s?kdf 

;d:ofdf kbf{ cfof]hgfdf 

;d:of cfPsf] hfgsf/L 

cfPsf] eGb} pgn] cfof]hgf 

lgdf{0fsf] cfkm\g} dfGotf x'Gf] / 

To;ljk/Lt uP/ dGqL jf s'g} 

klg clwsf/Ln] lg0f{o ug]{ cj:yf 

gePsf] dGqL du/sf] egfO 

5 . sfg"gL dfGotf gf3]/ s'g} 

cj}wflgs lg0f{o lng g;Sg]df 

hf]8 lbFb} pgn] /fHoåf/f lgb]{lzt 

P]g, sfg"gk|ltsf] k|lta4tf / 

;'zf;gk|ltsf] 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

ljKnj g]skfsf] !^ ut]sf] aGb lkmtf{ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–rf}tkmL{ bafakl5 g]qljqmd 

rGb ljKnj g]t[Tjsf] g]skfn] cfXjfg u/]sf] r}t 

!^ ut]sf] g]kfn aGb lkmtf{ lnPsf] 5 . r}t !^ ut] 

P;O{O{ k/LIff k/]sf] / /fli6«o k/LIff af]8{n] k/LIffdf 

cj/f]w gul/lbg cg'/f]w u/]sfn] aGb lkmtf{ 

lnOPsf] kf6L{sf dxf;lrj ljKnjn] ;fj{hlgs 

u/]sf] lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf] 5 . 

;fy} To;} lbg sfg'g Joj;foLx?sf] 5ftf 

;+u7g g]kfn af/ P;f]l;Pzgsf] r'gfj klg k/]sfn] 

r}t !^ ut]sf nflu cfXjfg ul/Psf] cfdx8tfnsf 

;fy} g]kfn aGbsf] sfo{qmd clxn]sf nflu :ylut 

ul/Psf] ljKnj g]t[Tjsf] g]skfn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

ljKnj ;d"xn] s]xL lbgcl3 P;O{O{ k/LIffnfO{ c;/ 

gkg]{ u/L zlgaf/sf lbg g]kfn aGbsf] sfo{qmd 

/fv]sf] lyof] . t/ P;O{O{ k/LIff zlgaf/ klg /x]sf] 

eg] p;n] x]Ss} /fv]g . 

sf]l/of efiff k/LIffsf nflu *! xhf/sf] cfj]bg 

nufgL tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f P]gÚ 

kfl/t ug' {sf ;fy} …ljz]if cfly{s 

If]q;DaGwL P]gÚ ;d]t ;+zf]wg 

ul/;s]sf] 5 . nufgLsf nflu 

;xh jftfj/0f agfpg] nIosf 

;fy tL P]g, s]xL lgodfjnL 

tyf lgb] {lzsfdf ;d]t ;'wf/ 

ul/Psf] cy{dGqL 8f vltj8fsf] 

egfO lyof] . 

;Dd]ngdf DofGdfsf 

nufgL tyf ljb]z cfly{s;DaGwL 

dGqL o" yfpª 6'g, ljZj a} +ssf 

pkfWoIf xf6{jLu :ofkm/, 

PlzofnL ljsf; a} +ssf pkfWoIf 

l;lhg r]g, ljZj a} +scGtu{tsf] 

ax'kIfLo nufgL k|Tofe"lt;DaGwL 

lgsfosf pkfWoIf tyf sfo{sf/L 

s]Osf] xf]08f, cGt/f{li6«o ljQ 

lgudsf cfly{s tyf lghL 

If]q ljsf;;DaGwL pkfWoIf xfG; 

lk6/ n+s]z, PlzofnL k"jf{wf/ 

nufgL a} +ssf nufgL tyf 

sfo{;~rfng;DaGwL pkfWoIf 

xf]ª nL tyf dfOqmf];Î6\, cd]hg, 

kfj/ rfOgf, rfOgf /]Nj], 8fa/, 

o'lglne/nufotsf ljZj k|l;4 

sDkgLsf pRRf kb:y JolQmsf] 

;xeflutf /xg]5 . cy{dGqL 

vltj8fn] ;Dd]ngdfkm{t\ lJfZjsf 

nufgLstf{nfO{ g]kfndf nufgLsf 

cj;/, nufgL k|j4{gsf nflu 

;/sf/n] lnPsf gLltut tyf 

sfg"gL k|of;af/] hfgsf/L u/fpg] 

cj;/ ldNg] 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

nufgLstf{nfO{ cfZj:t kfg{ gLltut ;'wf/ 


…g]kfn nufgL ;Dd]ng @)!(Ú 

;kmn agfpg / g]kfn nufgLsf 

nflu pko'Qm ynf] xf] eGg] ;Gb]z 

lbg x/;Dej k|of;sf] tof/L 

u/]sf] 5 . oxL r}t !% / !^ ut] 

sf7df8f}Fdf x'g] nufgL ;DDf]ngsf 

nflu ;/sf/n] cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ 

tof/L k"/f u/]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ngdf 

;/sf/n] s[lif, hnljB't\, 

pBf]u, ko{6g, oftfoft zx/L 

k"jf{wf/ Pj+ lzIff tyf :jf:Yo 

If]q;DaGwL kl/of]hgf k|:t't ug{] 

hgfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] ljb]zL 

nufgLstf{nfO{ cfZj:t kfg{ 

gLltut Joj:yf Pj+ gLltut 

;'wf/, ;Defljt kl/of]hgfaf/] 

ljifout hfgsf/;Fusf] 

sf7df8f+}-h;_– dn]l;ofsf] 

/f]huf/L s]xL lbgd} ;'rf? x'g] 

ePsf] 5 . >d /f]huf/ tyf 

;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqL uf]s0f{ lji6 

/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/ Joj;foL; 

;+3sf kbflwsf/LaLr ePsf] 

5nkmndf dGqL lji6n] !) 

dlxgfb]lv /f]lsPsf] dn]l;ofsf] 

/f]huf/L b'O{ tLg lbg leqdf 

v'Ng] hfgsf/L lbPsf x'g\ . o;sf 

nflu k|lqmof cl3 al9;s]sf] 

hfgsf/L dGqL lji6n] u/fPsfn] 

l9nf]df cfOtaf/;Dd jf 

Tof]eGbf l5§} v'Ng] 6'Ëf] nfu]sf] 

e]6df ;xefuL Ps Joj;foLn] 

k[i7kf]if0f k|ltlqmof, lghL 

;fj{hlgs ;fem]bf/Lsf] gLltsf 

af/]df :ki6 kfg{]5 . nufgLsf 

nflu ;xh jftfj/0f agfpg] 

nIosf ;fy /fv]/ ;/sf/n] xfn} 

;ª\3Lo ;+;b\af6 …;fj{hlgs 

lghL ;fem]bf/L tyf nufgL 

atfP .klxnf] r/0fdf slnª le;f 

cfP/ /f]lsPsfnfO{ Ps ;ftfleq 

dn]l;of k7fpg] dGqfnosf] 

tof/L 5 . slnª le;f cfP/ 

klg hfg gkfPsfx?nfO{ >d 

P]gÚ, …ljb]zL nufgL tyf k|ljlw 

x:tfGt/0f P]gÚ kfl/t ug' {sf 

;fy} …ljz]if cfly{s If]q;DaGwL 

P]gÚ ;d]t ;+zf]wg ul/;s]sf] 5 . 

;Dd]ngdf ;/sf/sf %) / lghL 

If]qsf @& kl/of]hgf k|:t't ug] 

ePsf] 5 . ;fy} 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

dn]l;ofsf] /f]huf/L s]xL lbgd} v'Ng] 

:jLs[lt lbnfpg dGqfnon] g} 

kxn ug]{ePsf] 5 . gofF hfg 

rfxg]sf nflu eg] dn]l;ofn] 

s]xL lbgcl3 k7fPsf] :j:Yo 

k/LIf0fsf] gofF 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfnLsf 

nflu cfsif{s >d uGtJosf 

?kdf 7xl/Psf] blIf0f sf]l/ofk|lt 

o'jfsf] cfsif{0f a9]sf] b]lvPsf] 

5 . efiff k/LIffsf nflu cfj]bg 

eg]{sf] ;ª\Vof aif]{lg j[l4 x'Fb} 

uPsf] 5 . ;g\ @)!( sf] k|yd 

r/0fsf] sf]l/ofnL efiff k/LIffdf 

;xefuL x'gsf nflu a'waf/ 

ck/fXg % ah];Dd s/La 

*! xhf/ && hgfn] cfj]bg 

kmf/d e/]sf 5g\ . To;cGtu{t 

pTkfbgd"sns If]qtkm{ %% 

xhf/ ((& / s[lif If]qtkm{ @% 

xhf/ *) hgfn] cfj]bg kmf/d 

e/]sf OlkP; sf]l/of zfvfn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . oxL r}t !& ut] 

/flt !@ ah];Dd cfj]bg kmf/d 

eg{ ;lsg] 5 . ;g\ @)!* sf] efiff 

k/LIffsf nflu *@ xhf/ @^$ n] 

cfj]bg kmf/d e/]sf lyP . 

To:t} ;g\ !)!& df ^* 

xhf/ #*# / ;g\ @)!^ df 

^) xhf/ ^@^ hgfn] efiff 

k/LIffdf ;xeflutf hgfPsf 

lyP . blIf0f sf]l/ofn] /f]huf/ 

cg'dlt k|0ffnL -OlkP;_cGtu{t 

;g\ @))* b]lv g]kfnL o'jfnfO{ 

cfÎgf] b]zdf /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ 

pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . 

Ps bzssf cjlwdf ljleGg 

r/0fdf ;~rflnt efiff k/LIffdf 

rf/ nfv *# xhf/ $( hgfn] 

;xeflutf hgfPsf] 5g\ . blIf0f 

sf]l/ofn] ;g\ @)@) sf nflu 

pTkfbgd"ns If]qsf nflu ;ft 

xhf/ %) / kz'kfngtkm{ tLg 

xhf/ sfdbf/ n}hfg] 3f]if0ff 

u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!* df efiff 

k/LIff ptL0f{ ug]{ ;ft xhf/ 

((^ hgf sf]l/of uO;s]sf 

5g\ . xfn;Dd sf]l/ofdf %* 

xhf/ &)( g]kfnLn] /f]huf/Lsf] 

cj;/ k|fKt u/]sf OlkP; 

zfvfn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

zfvfsf lgb]{zs s[i0fk|;fb 

vgfn ;'/lIft /f]huf/L, 

cfsif{s ;]jf ;'ljwf, sfd ug]{ 

;dofjlwsf] ;'lglZrtfnufot 

sf/0faf6 g]kfnL o'jfsf] sf]l/of 

df]x a9]sf] x'g;Sg] atfpF5g\ . 

pgsf cg';f/ OlkP;cGtu{t 

sf]l/of hfg] g]kfnL o'jfn] rf/ 

jif{ !) dlxgf;Dd sf]l/ofdf 

sfdsf] cj;/ kfpg]5g\ . To:t} 

;f]xL cjlwdf Ps k6s cfÎgf 

kl/jf/sf ;b:onfO{ sf]l/of 

n}hfg kfpg]5g\ . 

;g\ @)!( sf] OlkP; 

k/LIff efiff / ;Lk tyf 

Ifdtf k/LIf0f u/L b'O{ 

r/0fdf x'g]5 . efiff k/LIffsf] 

pTkfbgd"ns If]qsf] !)) cª\s 

/ s[lif tyf kz'kfng If]qsf] () 

cª\s x'g]5 . h;df k9\g] @) 

/ ;'Gg] @) u/L s"n $) j6f 

k|Zg x'g]5g\ . b'j}df @%÷@% 

u/L %) ldg]6sf] k/LIff x'g]5 . 

efiff k/LIff ptL0f{ JolQmn] dfq 

bf];|f] r/0fsf] ;Lk tyf Ifdtf 

k/LIf0fdf ;xeflutf hgfpg 

kfpg]5g\ . Ifdtf k/LIf0fdf 

;DalGwt JolQmsf] sfdsf] 

cg'ej, tfnLd, z}lIfs k[i7e"ld 

Pj+ k|df0fkqnfO{ cfwf/ lnOg] 

OlkP; sf]l/of 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df

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@)&% r}q !$ ut], laxLaf/ 

Thursday 28, March 2019 

;dfrf/ 

j}b]lzs nufgLsf] pBf]udf 

/f]huf/L kfpg]sf] ;ª\Vofdf j[l4 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–d'n'ssf] cfly{s tyf lgdf{0f If]qdf ;a}eGbf w]/} nufgL If]qsf tLg pBf]usf nflu ? @@ ca{ ;ft hf]zL ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f / :yL/ ;/sf/ 

ljsf;sf] d]?b08sf ¿kdf /x]sf] pBf]u 

If]qdf /f]huf/L kfpg]sf] ;ª\Vofdf j[l4 

ePsf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;do pBf]u If]qdf 

j}b]lzs nufgL 36]klg j}b]lzs nufgLsf] 

pBf]uaf6 /f]huf/L kfpg]sf] ;ª\Vofdf eg] 

j[l4 ePsf] xf] . ut cfly{s jif{sf] kmfu'g 

d;fGt;Dddf ;ft xhf/ %$! JolQmn] 

/f]huf/L kfPsf lyP eg] rfn" cfly{s 

jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlw;Dddf cf7 xhf/ 

(% hgfn] k|ToIf /f]huf/L kfpg] pBf]u 

ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . pBf]u ljefun] 

lbPsf] hfgsf/Lcg';f/ ut cfly{s jif{sf] 

;fpgb]lv kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd ? #$ ca{ 

($ s/f]8 &) nfv a/fa/sf] j}b]lzs 

nufgL k|lta4tf lelqP klg rfn" cfly{s 

jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf eg] hDdf !! ca{ 

@% s/f]8 ^# nfv a/fa/sf] nufgL 

k|lta4tf lelqPsf] 5 . of] nufgL ut 

jif{sf] t'ngfdf PsltxfO sd xf] . 

rfn" cfly{s jif{df pTkfbgd'ns 

lelqPsf] 5 . pTkfbgd'ns tyf lgdf{0f 

If]qsf %@ pBf]usf nflu ? kfFr ca{ 

$# s/f]8 ^! nfv a/fa/sf] nufgL 

k|lta4tf lelqPsf] xf] . o:t}, ko{6g 

If]qsf ^( pBf]usf nflu ? tLg ca{ 

^& s/f]8 ($ nfv, ;]jfd'ns If]qsf &^ 

pBf]udf ? Ps ca{ *) s/f]8 ^) nfv, 

;"rgf k|ljlwsf !^ pBf]udf ? @# s/f]8 

#! nfv, vfgLsf b'O{ pBf]udf ? Ps 

s/f]8 #! nfv / s[lif tyf jg If]qsf 

gf} pBf]usf nflu ? cf7 s/f]8 *) 

nfv a/fa/sf] j}b]lzs nufgL k|lta4tf 

lelqPsf] 5 . 

ljefusf ;"rgf clwsf/L hLjg/fh 

;]9fO{F ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f;Fu} ag]sf] :yfoL 

;/sf/sf sf/0f ljb]zL nufgL lelqg] 

qmd lj:tf/} a9\b} uPsf] atfpF5g\ . 

æd'n'sdf h'g tl/sfn] pBf]u If]qdf 

nufgL lelqg'kg]{ xf] Tof] lelqg ;s]sf] 

5}gÆ, pg eG5g . ut jif{ hnljB't 

s/f]8 %$ nfv a/fa/sf] j}b]lzs nufgL 

k|lta4tf lelqP klg rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] 

xfn;Dd o; If]qdf nufgL lelqPsf] 

5}g . To;}n] klg rfn" cfly{s jif{df sd 

nufgL lelqPsf] xf] . 

ljefun] ? bz s/f]8eGbf sd 

ljb]zL nufgLsf pBf]unfO{ ;fgf pBf]u, 

? !) s/f]8b]lv @% s/f]8;Dd nufgL 

ePsf ljb]zL nufgLsf pBf]unfO{ 

demf}nf / ? @% s/f]8eGbf a9L nufgL 

ePsf ljb]zL nufgLsf pBf]unfO{ 7"nf 

pBf]usf ¿kdf btf{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

ut cfly{s jif{sf] kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd 

!($ pBf]udf j}b]lzs nufgL lelqPsf] 

lyof] eg] rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] ;dfg 

cjlwdf @@$ pBf]udf j}b]lzs nufgLsf] 

k|lta4tf cfPsf] 5 . :jb]zL nufgLsf 

;fgf tyf 3/]n' pBf]u btf{ eg] ;fgf 

tyf 3/]n' pBf]u ljsf; ;ldltdf btf{ 

x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . k"j{ pBf]udGqL gjLGb|/fh 

cfPklg ;f]r]cg';f/sf] j}b]lzs nufgL 

lelqg g;s]sf] atfpF5g\ . æ;/sf/n] 

nufgL ;Dd]ng ug{ nflu/x]sf] 5, s] 

s'/fdf nufgL leqØfpFbf d'n'snfO{ k|ToIf 

kmfObf k'U5, To;df ;/sf/ nfUg'k5{Æ, 

pgL eG5g . 

;+ljwfg lgdf{0f;Fu} d'n'sdf tLg} 

txsf] lgjf{rg eP/ :yfoL ;/sf/ 

ag]sfn] nufgL ;'/lIft dx;'; u/]/ 

pBf]u If]qdf nufgL ug]{sf] ;ª\Vofdf j[l4 

x'g'kg]{df ;f]r]cg';f/ nufgL x'g ;s]sf] 

5}g . ;/sf/n] oxL r}t !% / !^ ut] 

sf7df8f} Fdf ug{ uO/x]sf] nufgL ;Dd]ngdf 

pBf]u If]qsf] ljsf;nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'kg] 

atfOPsf] 5 . d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] 

d]?b08sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] pBf]u If]qsf] ljsf; 

u/]/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] o'jfnfO{ /f]Sg 

;s]dfq klg ;/sf/n] /fv]sf] …;d[4 g]kfn, 

;'vL g]kfnLÚsf] gf/fn] ;fy{stf kfpg] 

atfOPsf] 5 . 

ldtJolotf ckgfpFb} k|wfgdGqL, @* k|ltztn] vr{ sdL 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;/sf/n] ldtJolotf 

ckgfpg] /0fgLltcg';f/ k|wfgdGqL tyf 

dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{nosf] vr{ @* k|ltzt 

sdL cfPsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ 

cf]nLn] cfkm" k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 ldtJolotf 

ckgfpg] 3f]if0ff u/];Fu} cfkm\gf] sfof{nosf] 

vr{df Ps jif{df g} @* k|ltzt sdL 

NofPsf x'g\ . k|wfgdGqL ePnuQ} 

dlGqkl/ifb\ a}7sb]lv z'?df ;lrjfnodf 

;ª\Vof &^ af6 emf/]/ %@ agfpg] ];Fu} 

ldtJooL ckgfpg yfn]sf k|wfgdGqL 

cf]nLn] Ps jif{df ? Ps s/f]8 ^@ nfv 

(( xhf/ vr{ s6f}tL u/]sf 5g\ . 

sfof{non] tof/ kf/]sf] ljj/0fcg';f/ 

ut @)&$ kmfu'g d;fGt vr{ ? 5 s/f]8 

** nfv (@ xhf/ ePsfdf oxL @)&% 

kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd ? kfFr s/f]8 @% 

nfv (# xhf/ vr{ ePsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL 

sfof{notkm{ @)&$ kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd ? 

tLg s/f]8 %@ nfv @% xhf/ vr{ ePsfdf 

@)&% kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd Tof] 36]/ ? b'O{ 

s/f]8 %# nfv (% xhf/df cfPsf] 5 . 

o:t} dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{notkm{ @)&$ kmfu'g 

d;fGt;Dd ? tLg s/f]8 #^ nfv ^& xhf/ 

vr{ ePsfdf @)&% kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd Tof] 

36]/ ? b'O{ s/f]8 &! nfv (* xhf/df 

sf7df8f} F-h;_–pBf]u tyf Joj;fosf 

nflu ljleGg ;/sf/L sfof{no wfpg'kg] 

cj:yfsf] cGTo x'g] ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] 

:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL nufgLstf{nfO{ cfslif{t 

ug{ Psn laGb' ;]jf lbg] nIo;fy Psåf/ 

k|0ffnL l5§} ;~rfngdf Nofpg nfu]sf] 

xf] . pBf]u jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnon] 

pBf]u ljefusf] kl/;/df Psåf/ k|0ffnL 

;~rfngsf nflu cfjZos sfd z'? 

ul/;s]sf] 5 . pBf]u, jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ 

dGqfnosf ;lrj ofds'df/L vltj8fsf 

cg';f/ ljefu kl/;/df :yfkgf x'g 

nfu]sf] To:tf] k|0ffnLdf !@ j6f PsfO 

/flvg]5 . ;f] k|0ffnLsf] vfsf dlGqkl/ifb\n] 

kfl/t ul/;s]sf] hfgsf/L lbFb} pgn] 

/fhkqdf k|sflzt x'g] qmddf /x]sf] tyf 

cfPsf] 5 . dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{nosf k|jQmf 

ljgf]baxfb'/ s' Fj/sf cg';f/ k|wfgdGqL 

cf]nLn] ldtJolotf ckgfpg] /0fgLltcg';f/ 

vr{df sdL Nofpg'ePsf] xf] . 

pgsf cg';f/ sfof{noaf6 j}b]lzs 

e|d0f / b}lgs eQf s6f}tL u/]sf 5g\ 

eg] cfGtl/s e|d0f klg s]xL dxLgfcl3 

dfq v'nfOPsf] lyof] . …Ps g]kfnL, Ps 

kmnkm"nÚ of]hgfcGtu{t dfq k|wfgdGqL 

sfof{nosf sd{rf/LnfO{ j[If/f]k0fsf] 

cj:yfaf/] hfgsf/L lng dfq cfGtl/s 

e|d0fdf hfg lbOPsf] 5 . cf]nL k|wfgdGqL 

ePkl5 k|wfgdGqL sfof{notkm{ @* k|ltzt 

sd vr{ ub} { ? (* nfv #) xhf/ sd 

vr{ ePsf] 5 eg] dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{notkm{ 

!( k|ltzt vr{ sd ub} { ? ^$ nfv ^( 

xhf/n] sd vr{ ePsf] 5 . k|jQmf s' Fj/n] 

k|wfgdGqL sfof{nodf sd{rf/L ;ª\Vof !* 

k|ltztn] a9] klg vr{ eg] sd ul/Psf] 

hfgsf/L u/fPsf x'g\ . Ps jif{sf] aLrdf 

cGo ;a} vr{df Jofks s6f}tL eP klg 

dlGqkl/ifb\tkm{sf] sfof{no;DaGwL zLif{sdf 

dfq ? Ps nfv a9L vr{ ePsf] pgn] 

hfgsf/L u/fPsf x'g\ . ut jif{ sfof{no 

;~rfng;DaGwL vr{df ? #$ nfv &) 

xhf/ / rfn' cfjdf ? #% nfv &) xhf/ 

xfn ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf] sfd;d]t 

eO;s]sf] / s]xL lbgleq} ;~rfngdf 

Nofpg] tof/L ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbOg . 

;f]xL PsfOn]nufgLsf nflu cfjZos 

kg] { ;Dk"0f{ ;xof]u Pj+ nufgLstf{nfO{ 

;xhLs/0f ug] {5 . k|0ffnL ;~rfngsf 

nflu cfjZos hgzlQmsf] Joj:yfsf 

nflu ;Da4 lgsfonfO{ cfjZos hfgsf/L 

u/fOPsf] 5 . pgn] elgg, æ7ØfSs} oxL 

lbgaf6 z'? x'G5 eGbf klg l56f]eGbf l56f] 

pQm k|0ffnL ;~rfngdf Nofpg] k|of; 

ul/Psf] 5 . o:t} nufgL af]8{sf k|d'v 

sfo{sf/L clws[t dxfk|;fb clwsf/Ln] klg 

af]8{dfkm{t Psn laGb' ;]jf lbFb} cfPsf] / 

To;nfO{ yk lj:tf/ ug] { qmddf g} /x]sf] 

atfP . cy{ dGqfnosf tkm{af6 pBf]u, 

;]gfsf]=== 

;?jf ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL ;]gfsf] k|jQmfsf ?kdf pgn] s/La 

tLg dxLgf sfd u/] . ;xfos/yL 9sfn s]xL lbgkl5 dfq} cfkm\gf] 

sdf08 a'em\g To;tkm{ hfg]5g . g]kfnL ;]gfdf ;xfos/yLaf6 

dflyNnf] txdf kbf]Gglt x'g aflxgL sdf08 x'g cfjZos 

dflgG5 . 

;]gfsf]=== 

nf]stGqsf] dd{ tyf efjgfnfO{ ;d]t rf]6 k'¥ofpg] sfo{ 

ePsf] k|d'v ;r]ts afns[i0f vfF0fåf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 . 

sfª\u|];n] ;/sf/n] sfg"gL zf;gsf] pkxf; u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpFb} 

lji6dfly nufOPsf] d'2f cljnDa vf/]h u/L ;+ljwfgn] k|bQ u/]sf] 

df}lns xssf] ;+/If0f ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . 

sf]l/of=== 

zfvfn] hgfPsf] 5 . bf];|f] r/0fsf] ;Lk k/LIf0f pTkfbgd"ns 

If]qsf] !)) cª\s / s[lif tyf kz'kfng If]qsf] !!) cª\ssf] x'g]5 . 

efiff k/LIff cfufdL h]7 @% / @^ ut] ;~rfng x'g] 5 . 

g]kfn=== 

atfP . g]kfn nufgLsf nflu pTs[i6 uGtJo /x]sf] ;Gb]z 

lbg] cj;/sf ¿kdf ;Dd]ngnfO{ lnOPsf] pNn]v ub} { cy{dGqLn] 

;/sf/sf] ;ª\sNksf] ¿kdf /x]sf] …;d[4 g]kfn ;'vL g]kfnLÚ 

nfO{ ;kmn agfpg;d]t ;Dd]ng dxTjk"0f{ cj;/ ePsf] atfP . 

;Dd]ngnfO{ ;kmn agfpg ;/sf/n] cy{dGqLs} ;+of]hsTjdf lgb] {zs 

;ldlt;d]t u7g u/]sf] lyof] . aGb x8tfnsf sfo{qmd 5f8]/ 

ljb]zL nufgLstf{nfO{ g]kfnL xFl;nf v'zLnf 5g\ eGg] ;Gb]z lbg'kg] 

pgsf] hf]8 lyof] . ;Dd]ngsf nflu ;'/Iff Joj:yf;d]t r':tr'?:t 

kfl/Psf] atfP . æg]kfndf /f]huf/L ePg eg] xfdL, xfd|f ;Gtfg 

/f]huf/Lsf nflu ljb]z hfg] jftfj/0f gagf]:f\Æ, pgn] eg], æxfd|f 

kfx'gfnfO{ :jfut u/f} F, g]kfnL xFl;nf, v'l;nf 5g\ eGg] k|dfl0ft u/f} F .Æ 

pgn] ;'/IffsdL{ tyf ljdfg:ynsf ;a} sd{rf/LnfO{ ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf 

ldnfpFb} /fd|f];Fu kfx'gfnfO{ :jfut ug{ lgb]{zg;d]t lbP . 

a9]sf] xf] . ut jif{ @)&$ kmfu'g d;fGt;Dd 

k|wfgdGqL sfof{nosf] cGo eQf ? @% 

nfv ePsfdf Tof] 36]/ ? Ps nfv ^# 

xhf/df em/]sf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL sfof{nodf 

laxfg a]n'sf sfd ug] { sd{rf/LnfO{ klxn] 

eQf lbOg] u/] tfklg clxn] To:tf eQfnfO{ 

s6f}tL ul/Psf] 5 . b}lgs eQfdf s6f}tL 

eQf ? @% nfvaf6 ? Ps nfv ^# xhf/df 

em/]sf] k|jQmf s' Fj/n] atfP . ;a}eGbf a9L 

k|wfgdGqL sfof{notkm{sf] cg'udg vr{df 

;d]t Jofks vr{ s6f}tL ePsf] 5 . cg'udg 

tyf d"Nofª\sg vr{ ? #( nfvaf6 ? ;ft 

nfv $& xhf/df emfl/Psf] 5 . 

pgsf cg';f/ k|wfgdGqL sfof{non] 

clxn] cTofjZos sfddf afx]s sd{rf/LnfO{ 

eQf lbg] u/]sf] 5}g . ut jif{ OGwg vr{ ? 

^@ ePsfdf clxn] ? %^ nfv *@ xhf/, 

;~rfng tyf dd{t;Def/ vr{ ? @( nfv 

(& xhf/af6 ? @^ nfv, sfof{no;DaGwL 

vr{ ? Ps s/f]8 #* nfvaf6 ? Ps s/f]8 

!# nfv, sfo{qmd vr{ ? @^ nfv @* 

xhf/af6 ? @! nfv %^ xhf/, cg'udg 

tyf d"Nofª\sg vr{ ? #( nfvaf6 ;ft 

nfv $& xhf/ / ljljw vr{ ? #@ nfvaf6 

? @& nfv $& xhf/df emfl/Psf] 5 . o:t} 

dlGqkl/ifb\tkm{ ;d]t ut jif{eGbf o; jif{ 

jfl0fHo tyf cfk"lt{ dGqfnonfO{ To:tf] 

k|0ffnL :yfkgfsf nflu cfjZos ;xhLs/0f 

eO;s]sf] 5 . cy{dGqL 8f o'j/fh 

vltj8fn] pBf]u dGqfnonfO{ cfjZos 

;xhLs/0f ul/;lsPsf] a'waf/ cfof]lht 

kqsf/ :fDd]ngdf ;d]t hfgsf/L lbPsf 

lyP . ;ª\3Lo ;+;b\n] xfn} kfl/t u/]sf] 

…;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/L tyf nufgL 

;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] ljw]osÚdf 

;d]t af]8{nfO{ yk clwsf/ ;DkGg 

agfOPsf] 5 . 

;f] ljw]osn] kl/of]hgf ;j]{If0f 

cg'dlt, ;dembf/L kq, nufgL jf 

;Demf}tfnufotsf sfo{ ug] { tyf 

kl/of]hgfnfO{ ;xof]u Pj+ ;xhLs/0fsf 

nflu af]8{sf] sfof{nodf Psn laGb' ;]jf 

dn]l;ofsf]=== 

dfkb08 cg';f/ k|lqmof ul/g] ePsfn] s]xL ;do nfUg] ePsf] 

5 . dn]l;ofn] cl3Nnf] xKtf :jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf] dfkb08 k7fPkl5 

dGqfnon] :jf:Yo ;+:yfnfO{ ;"rLs/0fsf] nflu a'waf/ ;fj{hlgs 

;"rgf k|sflzt ul/;s]sf] 5 . dn]l;ofn] k7fPsf] dfkb08 klg Ps 

b'O{ lbgd} ;fj{hlgs ug]{ dGqfnosf] tof/L 5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/ 

lgodfjnL -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ @)^$ sf] lgod $% s tyf j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/df hfg] sfdbf/sf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ug]{ :jf:Yo ;+:yf 

;"rLs/0f, gjLs/0f tyf cg'udg;DaGwL sfol{\jlw @)&@ sf] bkmf 

# adf]lhd ;"rLs/0f x'g !) lbgsf] ;do lbOPsf] 5 . 

k|fKt lgj]bgsf] cfwf/df dfkb08 k'u]sf ;"rLs[t :jf:Yo 

;+:yfsf] 5gf]6 u/L dn]l;of hfg] sfdbf/sf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ug{ 

;/sf/n] cg'dlt lbg]5 . o;cl3 :jf:Yo k/LIf0fdf nfk/jfxL ePsf] 

eGb} dGqfnon] tf]lsPsf] dfkb08 k"/f ug]{ :jf:Yo ;+:yfnfO{ dfq 

k/LIf0f cg'dlt lbg nfu]sf] xf] . g]kfn / dn]l;ofaLr ePsf] >d 

;dembf/Ldf :jf:Yo k/LIf0fnufotsf c? ;a} k|lqmof lgMz'Ns x'g] 

/ To;sf] vr{ dn]l;ofsf /f]huf/bftfn] g} a]xf]g]{ pNn]v 5 . sflQs 

!@ ut] dn]l;of;Fu P]ltxfl;s >d ;dembf/L eP klg k|lqmofaf/] 

c:ki6tf sfod} /x]sf sf/0f /f]huf/L v'Ng ;s]sf] lyPg . 

nufgLstf{nfO{== 

;Dd]ngsf qmddf g} Ps bh{g kl/of]hgf;Fu ;dembf/Ldf 

x:tfIf/ ug]{ tof/L;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . ;Dd]ngdf $) b]zsf 

pRr:t/Lo k|ltlglwd08nnufot ^)) a9L nufgLstf{sf] ;xefuL 

x'g]5 . ;Dd]ngdf nufgLstf{, g]kfnsf] ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/, 

s"6gLlts lgof]u / ;/sf/L k|ltlglw, ;DalGwt ljifosf hfgsf/, 

cGo ;fem]bf/ ;/f]sf/jfnf, /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/dfWodsf 

k|ltlglwnufotsf] ;xeflutf x'g]5 . ;+ljwfg;efaf6 g]kfnsf] 

;+ljwfg hf/L eO{ ut jif{sf] lgjf{rgaf6 b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtsf] 

;/sf/ u7g ePkl5 d'n'sdf /fhgLlts l:y/tf sfod ePsf] 

5 . o; kl/j]zdf x'g nfu]sf] of] nufgL ;Dd]ng d'n'ssf] 

cfly{s ;d[l4sf nflu j}b]lzs nufgL leqØfpg] sf]z]9'ª\uf ;fljt 

? ^$ nfv ^( xhf/ sdL vr{ ePsf] 5 . 

ut jif{ dlGqkl/ifb\tkm{ OGwg ? () nfv 

## xhf/df o; jif{ ? ^) nfv ^^ xhf/, 

;~rfng tyf dd{t vr{ ? &^ nfv ^^ 

xhf/ ePsfdf clxn] %* nfv ^@ xhf/ 

/ ljljw vr{ ? Ps s/f]8 #% nfvaf6 

? Ps s/f]8 !& nfvdf em/]sf] 5 . 

k|wfgdGqL sfof{nocGtu{t k|wfgdGqLsf] 

lghL ;lrjfno, sd{rf/L kb{5 eg] 

dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{nocGtu{t k|wfgdGqLsf] 

:jsLo ;lrjfno, ;Nnfxsf/sf] ;d"x /xg] 

u/]sf] 5 . k|jQmf s' Fj/n] k|wfgdGqL tyf 

dlGqkl/ifb\ sfof{noaf6 …ldtJolotf;DaGwL 

sfo{ljlw–@)&%ÚnfO{ k"0f{?kdf sfof{Gjog 

ul/P/ sfof{nosf] vr{df s6f}tL ul/Psf] 

hfgsf/L u/fPsf x'g\ . 

o:t} k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] 

sfof{nosf cg';f/ k|wfgdGqL cf]nLn] %@ 

hgf :jsLo ;lrjfnodf /fVg kfpg] 

Joj:yf eP klg clxn] cfwf cyf{t\ @^ hgf 

/fv]sf 5g\ . tLdWo] 5 hgf ;Nnfxsf/, tLg 

hgf lj1, b'O{ hgf cj}tlgs ;Nnfxsf/ 

/ !% hgf cGo sd{rf/L;lxt @^ hgfsf] 

:jsLo ;lrjfnodf /x]sf] 5 . b'O{ hgf 

cj}tlgs ;Nnfxsf/ cVt/ cln / dgf]h 

kf08]n] eg] ;]jf / ;'ljwf lnFb}gg\ . 

pBf]u ljefudf :yfkgf x'Fb} Psåf/ k|0ffnL PsfO 

s]Gb| :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . 

s]Gb|df g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;DalGwt dGqfno, 

ljefu, k|flws/0f, ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg, g]kfn 

/fi6« a} +snufotsf lgsfoaf6 ;DalGwt 

sfof{nosf] k|ltlglwTj /xg] u/L k"/f jf 

cf+lzs?kdf sfd ug] { u/L sd{rf/L /xg] 

Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . 

;f] ;]jf s]Gb|n] nufgLsf nflu k|fKt 

k|:tfjsf] d" \Nofª\sg u/L :jLs[ltsf nflu 

cfjZos k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg], sDkgL 

btf{, s/ btf{, ljb]zL ljlgdosf] cg'dlt, 

>d :jLs[lt, k|j]zf1f pknAw u/fpg 

cfjZos ;dGjo / ;xhLs/0f ug] {5 . o:t} 

hUufk|flKt tyf kl/of]hgfsf nflu cfjZos 

kg] { cGo ;dGjo tyf ;xhLs/0f ug] { sfd 

;f] s]Gb|n] ug] { Joj:yf ljw]osdf 5 . 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;efd'v 

s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] nf]stGqnfO{ 

ljWj+zfTds t'Nofpg] k|sf/sf 

;"rgf k|jfx gu/fpg /fli6«o 

;"rgf cfof]un] e"ldsf 

lgjf{x ug'{kg{] atfPsf 5g\ . 

cfof]un] a'waf/ cfof]hgf 

u/]sf] ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL 

/fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g 

ub{} pgn] ;"rgf dfUg kfpg' 

/ ;"rgf k|jfx u/fpg' ;a}sf] 

bfloTj ePsfn] nf]stGqdf 

v'Nnfkg /x]df ;"rgf 

dflu/xg'gkg{] atfP . æd'n'sdf 

ckf/blz{tf a9]df jf ;"rgf 

n'sfpg] k|j[lQ a9]df ;"rgfsf] 

xs;DaGwL sfg"g / cfof]usf] 

cTofjZostf x'g] t/ ;"rgfsf] 

sf7df8f} F-h;_–nf]stGq / 

kf/bzL{tfsf] Ps :tDe dflgg] 

;"rgfsf] xssf] sfof{Gjodf s'g 

dGqfno jf lgsfo pTs[i6 xf]nf 

< em§ cg'dfg ubf{ hgtfnfO{ 

k|ToIf ;]jf lbg] / hg;Dks{ 

ePsf dGqfno / lgsfon] 

k|efjsf/L?kdf ;"rgf k|jfx 

u/]sf xf]nfg\ eGg] nfUg;S5 

t/ oyfy{ To:tf] 5}g . /fli6«o 

;"rgf cfof]usf] …;"rgfsf] xs 

sfof{Gjogsf] k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg, 

@)&%Ú -cf/l6cfO cl86 _ n] 

cfd hgtfsf] k|foM kx' Fr gx'g] 

t/ ;a} lgsfo / gful/snfO{ 

k|ToIfck|ToIf?kdf clgjfo{ 

;DaGw /fVg] cy{ dGqfnonfO{ 

kfFr lg/LIfs / 5 

k/LIffyL{ kqmfp 

; K t / L - h ; _ – P ; O O { 

k/LIffdf cdof{lbt lqmofsnfkdf 

;+nUg /x]sf] c/ff]kdf a'waf/ 

kfFr lg/LIfs / ^ k/LIffyL{ 

kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . ul0ft ljifosf] 

k/LIffdf a'waf/ dxfjL/ dflj 

xg'dfggu/af6 k/LIff lbO/x]sf 

e'k]Gb|s'df/ ;fx, dw's'df/L d08n 

/ a}h' /fd kqmfp k/]sf] ljBfnon] 

hgfPsf] 5 . lr6 rf]g{ df]afOn 

k|of]u u/]sf] kfOPsfn] pgLx¿sf] 

a'waf/sf] k/LIff /2 ul/Psf] 

s]Gb|fWoIf 8Da/gf/fo0f ofbjn] 

atfP . o;}u/L adgufdf 

s§L k/LIff s]Gb|af6 k/LIff 

lbO/x]sf ltnf7L sf]Onf8L 

nf}lgofsf a'w]Zj/ ofbjnfO{ 

;d]t df]afOn k|of]u u/]sf] 

kfOPkl5 kqmfp ul/Psf] 5 . 

hgtf dflj a;la§Laf6 k/LIff 

lbO/x]sf XofKkLn}08 ;]s]08«L 

dfljsf clgn ;fx / ljdn 

bf;nfO{ ;d]t a'waf/sf] k/LIff 

;lsg] ljlQs} k|x/Ln] lgoGq0fdf 

lnPsf] 5 . klxnf] lbg km]nf 

k/]sf] df]afOn pgLx¿sf] /x]sf] 

kQf nfu]kl5 cg';Gwfgsf nflu 

lgoGq0fdf lnOPsf] k|x/Ln] 

hgfPsf] 5 . df]afOn k|of]u u/L 

efOa/, jf6\;ck / km];a'ssf] 

rf6 Dof;]~h/af6 k|Zgkqsf] 

tl:a/ aflx/ k7fpg] / ;f]xL 

dfWodaf6 pQ/ cfPkl5 pQ/ 

k'l:tsfdf ptf/ ug] { ul/Psf] 

kfOPsf] 5 . 

x'g] ;/sf/sf] ck]Iff 5 . b'O{lbg] ;Dd]ngsf] klxnf] lbg g]kfn 

;/sf/sf]tkm{af6 nufgLsf] cj;/ tyf nufgL;DaGwL gLltut 

;'wf/af/] k|:t'tLs/0f, g]kfndf nufgL ul//x]sf nufgLstf{sf] 

cg'ej, cGt/f{li6«o nufgLstf{sf] nufgL;DaGwL cg'ej;lxt ;ft 

j6f ljifout ;qx? ;~rfng x'g]5g\ . To;}u/L ;Dd]ngsf] clGtd 

lbg b'O{ j6f If]qut / tLg j6f …Kn]g/LÚ ;q ;~rfng x'g]5g\ . 

o; ;Dd]ngn] ;/sf/sf] …;d[4 g]kfn ;'vL g]kfnLÚ sf] /fli6«o nIo 

xfl;n ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] cfzf lnOPsf] 5 . nufgL ;Dd]ng 

;kmn?kdf cfof]hgf ug{ cy{dGqL Pj+ nufgL af]8{sf pkfWoIf 8f 

o'j/fh vltj8fsf] ;+of]hsTjdf lgb{]zs ;ldlt u7g ePsf] 5 . 

d'n'sdf tLg txsf ;/sf/sf] u7g;Fu} :yfgLo:t/df cfjZoskg{] 

;+:yfut ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f;Fu} ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{ / /fhgLlts 

:yfloTjkl5 ljsf;sf 7"nf k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf cfjZos kg{] k"FhL 

h'6fpg ;Dd]ng kmnbfoL x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu ;/sf/;Fu} 

;/f]sf/jfnf ;a} lgsfosf] k|oTg / ;of]u cfjZos 5 . 

d]/f]== 

;ª\sNknfO{ cIf'0f /fVg k|lta4 /x]sf] :ki6 kf/]sL 5g\ . 

pgn] d]nDrL vfg]kfgL ljsf; ;ldlt cfkmF}df :jfoQ, clwsf/ 

;DkGg ;/sf/L lgsfo ePsfn] cfof]hgfsf] s'g} klg lg0f{odf 

dGqLsf] x:tfIf/ grNg] / dGqfnosf ;lrj cWoIf /xg] cfof]hgfdf 

;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o g} clGtd x'g] hfgsf/L lbPsL 5g\ . 

cfof]hgfsf] s'g} k|:tfj dlGqkl/ifb\df n}hfg] kl/l:yltdf dfq 

dGqLsf] dfWod x'Fb} k]z x'Gf] k|lqmof pNn]v ub}{ pgn] k|;ª\u g} 

gePsf] ljifodf dGqLnfO{ hf]8\g vf]Hg' /fhgLlts k"jf{u|x / a]OdfgL 

ePsf] pNn]v ul/g . cfof]hgfaf/] cfkm"n] dGqLsf x}l;otn] ;ª\3Lo 

;+;b\, ;+;b\sf ljleGg ;ldltdf cflwsfl/s wf/0ff k|:t't u/]sf] / 

cfof]hgf l56f] ;DkGg ug{ dGqfnon] k|rlnt sfg"gL k|fjwfgsf] 

clwg:y x'Gf] / To;nfO{ tf]8\g;d]t gldNg] atfOg . dGqL du/n] 

eg]sl 5g\, æcfof]hgfdf d}n] clgoldttf ePsf] k|dfl0ft eP d 

h'g;'s} ;hfo ef]Ug tof/ 5' .Æ cfof]hgfdf clgoldttf ePsf] 

eGb} ljj]szLn ;femf kf6L{sf] gfddf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg 

cfof]udf ph'/L lbPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

nf]stGqnfO{ vt/f x'g] ;"rgf 

k|jfx gug{ ;efd'vsf] cfu|x 

;xh kx'Fr ePdf sfg"g / 

cfof]usf] cf}lrTo x'Fb}gÆ ;efd'v 

dx/fn] eg], æjf:tljs /fli6«o 

Pstf sfod ug{] k|sf/sf ;"rgf 

k|jfxdf /rgfTds lx;fan] 

;a} nfUg'k5{, ;"rgfsf gfddf 

nf]stGqnfO{ vt/fdf kfg{] sfd 

ul/g' x'Fb}g, kqsfl/tfsf] wd{ 

klg oxL xf] .Æ 

;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL 

P]gnfO{ cfjZostfg';f/ 

;+zf]wgsf nflu ;DalGwt 

kIf;Fu 5nkmn;lxt NofOPdf 

;+;b\n] kfl/t ug{ ;xh e"ldsf 

v]Ng] ljZjf; pgn] JoQm u/] . 

cfof]usf k|d'v cfo'Qm s[i0fxl/ 

afF:sf]6fn] ;"rgf dfu / k|jfxsf] 

ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ug{ g]kfn 

pTs[i6 b]vfPsf] 5 . cWoogdf 

;d]l6Psf ;ª\3Lo ;/sf/sf s"n 

@! dGqfnodWo] ;f] dGqfnon] 

dfq zt\ k|ltzt cª\s !)) 

k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . ;a}eGbf Go"g 

cª\s pmhf{, hn;|f]t / l;FrfO 

dGqfnon] kfPsf] 5 . ;f] 

dGqfnosf] k|fKtfª\s %@ 5 . 

k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] 

sfof{non] klg ^) cª\s dfq} 

kfPsf] 5 . cy{ dGqfnokl5 a9L 

k|fKtfª\s kfpg]df >d, /f]huf/ 

tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff dGqfno / 

tTsfnLg s[lif, e"ld Joj:yf tyf 

;xsf/L dGqfnosf] ($ b]lvPsf] 

5 t/ %) eGbf sd k|fKt ug{ 

dGqfno b]lvPsf] 5}g . o;df 

;/sf/sf ;a} lgsfo, /fhgLlts 

bn, ljQLo / ;fdflhs 

;+:yfnfO{ ;d]t gful/ssf] 

;"rgfsf] xsnfO{ ;'lglZrt 

ug{ cfb]z hf/L ul/Psf] 

atfP . pgn] v'Nnf ;/sf/L 

tYofª\ssf cjwf/0ff sfof{Gjog 

ug{ / /fHosf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /xFbf 

uf]kgLotfsf ;ky vfg] k/Dk/f 

x6fpg ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj 

lbOPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . 

cfo'Qm ls/0f kf]v/]nn] 

;"rgf k|jfxdf b]lvPsf afwf / 

cj/f]w x6fpg cfjZos /x]sfn] 

sfg"gadf]lhd kfpg'kg{] ;"rgf 

gkfOPdf cfof]un] cfb]z lbP/ 

;"rgfsf] xs sfof{Gjog x'Fb} 

cfPsf] atfP . 

;"rgf k|jfx M cy{ pTs[i6, pmhf{ sdhf]/ 

(! b]lv !)) cª\s kfpg] kfFr 

dGqfno 5g\ . æhgtf;Fu k|ToIf 

hf]l8Psf cfd ;/f]sf/sf w]/} 

dGqfnosf] ;"rgf k|jfxsf] cj:yf 

gfh's b]lvG5Æ, k|ltlglw;efsf 

;efd'v s[i0faxfb'/ dx/faf6 

a'waf/ æg]kfnL ;dfh a9L 

df}gtfdf ljZjf; u5{, ;dfhnfO{ 

v'nfkgdf kl/jt{g ug{ cem} 

ufx|f] 5 .Æcfof]usf k|d'v cfo'Qm 

s[i0fxl/ afF:sf]6fn] ;DalGwt 

dGqfnodf ;"rgf clwsf/Lsf] 

Joj:yf, ;"rgfsf] :jtM k|sfzg, 

;"rgf dfusf] btf{ lstfa, 

;"rgf dfu / k|jfxsf] tYofª\s 

;ª\u|x, ;"rgf;DaGwL ;Gb]zd"ns 

hfgsf/Lsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . 

e"n ;'wf/ ;DaGwL ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf 

sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf] k|f=ln= g+= &!@&*÷)^^÷)^& 

sf] k|e' cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwfno k|f=ln= sf] ldlt @)&%÷!)÷@) df o; 

hg;jfn /fli6«o b}lgs klqsfdf k|sflzt #% lbg] xsbfjL ;DaGwL 

;"rgfdf / sDkgL /flhi6«f/sf] sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf] k|f=ln=g+= !%#@$$ 

sf] ld/fsn sDo"lgs]zg k|f=lnsf] o; hg;jfn /fli6«o b}lgs klqsfdf 

ldlt @)&%÷!!÷@* df k|sflzt #% lbg] xsbfjL ;DaGwL ;"rgfdf 

6fO{k uNtLsf] sf/0f lnlSj8]6/ >L bof/fd s+8]nsf] O{hfht g+= &@ 

x'g'kg]{df / k|e' cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwfno k|f=ln=sf] ldlt @)&% ;fn d+l;/ 

#) ut]sf] ljz]if a}7s x'g'kg]{df cGoyf x'g uPsf]df e"n ;'wf/ u/L of] 

e"n;'wf/sf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . 

bof/fd s+8]n, lnlSj8]6/ O{hfht g+= &@ 

lqk'/]Zj/, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g g+= (*%!)%@##) 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

pBf]u dGqfno 

sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nosf] 

xsbfjL ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] ;"rgf 

o; sfof{nodf ldlt @)&)÷)@÷)! df btf{ ePsf] k|f=ln= g+=!!@^## sf] 

l/on ;fp08 k|f=ln= gfds sDkgLn] btf{ vf/]hL ul/kfpF elg 

o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] x'Fbf pQm sDkgLn] s;};Fu C0f 

lnPsf] jf ;f] sDkgLsf] s'g} ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ bfloTj eP k|df0f 

;lxt xsbfjLsf] nflu #% lbg leq o; sfof{nodf bfjL ug{ cfpg' 

x'g ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 

5 . tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq xsbfjL ug{ gcfPdf pQm sDkgLsf] btf{ 

lgodfg';f/ vf/]h ul/g]5 . 

sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;"rgf 

o; sDkgLsf] @)&%÷!!÷!& df ;DkGg ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf] 

lg0f{ofg';f/ ;fljs sDkgL dN6L cuf{lgs la= s]= Pu|f] xfp; k|f=ln= 

-k|f=ln=g+=@)&^#$_ sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ rncrn ;DklQ 

tyf ltg'{ kg]{ s/ bfloTj÷cGo bfloTj cflb kl/jlt{t sDkgLn] 

ltg]{ Joxf]g]{ u/L sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{noaf6 ;d]t ldlt 

@)&%÷!!÷@^ ut]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g 

u/L dN6L la= s]= Pu|f] xfp; k|f=ln= sfod ul/Psf] Joxf]/f o;} 

;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . 

dN6L la= s]= Pu|f] xfp; k|f=ln= 

sf7df08f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf–&, sf7df08f}+,# 


o; sDkgLsf] @)&%÷!!÷!% df ;DkGg ljz]if÷aflif{s ;fwf/0f 

;efsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ;fljs sDkgL cfO{=lk=lk= xfO{8«f] d]sflgsn\ OG;k]S;g 

jS;{ k|f=ln= -k|f=ln=g+=!^#@$*_ sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ rncrn 

;DklQ tyf ltg'{ kg]{ s/ bfloTj÷cGo bfloTj cflb kl/jlt{t 

sDkgLn] ltg]{ Joxf]g]{ u/L sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{noaf6 ;d]t 

sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g ug{ :jLs[lt k|bfg ePsf]n] sDkgLsf] 

gfd kl/jt{g u/L cnL xfO{8«f] P08 OlGhlgol/ª\u jS;{ k|f=ln= sfod 

ul/Psf] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . 

cnL xfO{8«f] P08 OlGhlgol/ª\u jS;{ k|f=ln= 

kf]v/f pk d=g=kf=–!$, sf:sL, u08sL 


o; sDkgLsf] @)&%÷!!÷)@ df ;DkGg ljz]if÷aflif{s ;fwf/0f 

;efsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ;fljs sDkgL /f]:gf dlN6k|kf]h k|f=ln= 

-k|f=ln=g+=!$^!*$_ sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ rncrn ;DklQ 



@)&%÷!!÷!% ut]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g 

u/L /f]:gf OlGhlgol/ª\u P08 sG:6«S;g k|f=ln= sfod ul/Psf] 

Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . 

/f]:gf OlGhlgol/ª\u P08 sG:6«S;g k|f=ln= 

sf7df08f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf–@^, sf7df08f}+,# 


o; sDkgLsf] @)&$÷)@÷!$ df ;DkGg ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf] 

lg0f{ofg';f/ ;fljs sDkgL lqd'tL{ jfn'jf k|zf]wg s]Gb| k|f=ln= 

-k|f=ln=g+=!%*^)@_ sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ rncrn ;DklQ 



@)&$÷)@÷!^ ut]sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g 

u/L ljgoL jfn'jf w'nflx tyf k|zf]wg s]Gb| k|f=ln= sfod ul/Psf] 

Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . 

ljgoL jfn'jf w'nflx tyf k|zf]wg s]Gb| k|f=ln= 

b'lDsjf;–@, gjnk/f;L, n'lDagL

pkTosf 

‘tkfO“nfO{ dxTj gnfUg] ;"rgf st} 

cfk/flws ultljlwsf t xf]Ogg\’ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;dfhdf x'g] s'g} klg 

ultljlwsf] klxnf] ;fIfL :yfgLojf;L g} 

x'G5g\ . 36gf x'Fbf k|x/Ln] cg';Gwfgsf] 

dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/ :yfgLojf;Lsf] egfOnfO{ 

g} lnPsf x'G5g\ . ;d'bfosf] e/kbf{] ;"rgfn] 

w]/} 36gfsf r'/f] kQf nufP/ bf]ifLnfO{ 

sfg"gL sf/jfxL ul/Psf pbfx/0f 5g\ . 

dxfgu/Lo k|x/L sfof{no /fgLkf]v/Lsf 

k|d'v k|x/L gfoa dxflg/LIfs z}n]z yfkf 

If]qLnfO{ klg ;d'bfo;Fusf] ;xsfo{df 

dfq} cfk/flws 36gf Go"gLs/0f x'g] 

ljZjf; 5 . ætkfOFx¿nfO{ dxTj gnfu]sf 

;"rgf st} cfk/flws lqmofsnfk ug{] 

p2]Zon] t k|]l/t 5}gg\, To:tf dxTjxLg 

;"rgf xfdLnfO{ lbg'xf];\, xfdL To;sf] 

klg cg';Gwfg u5f}{+Æ, If]qLn] ;d'bfonfO{ 

nlIft ub{} eg] . 

;dfhdf 

x'g] 

cfk/flws lqmofsnfk lgoGq0f ub{} zflGt 

;'/Iff sfod ug{ dxfgu/Lo k|x/L kl/;/ 

sf7df8f}Fn] ;d'bfo;Fu ldn]/ a'waf/b]lv 

z'? u/]sf] 3/b}nf] cleofgsf qmddf 

pgn] :yfgLojf;L;Fu s'g} zª\sf:kb 

ultljlw ePsf] b]lvPdf k|x/LnfO{ 

va/ ug{ cg'/f]w;d]t u/] . ;d'bfo;Fu 

;xsfo{ u/L ;"rgf ;ª\sng ug{] 

nIo;lxt sf7df8f}Fsf ;a} :yfgLotxdf 

a'waf/b]lv Ps};fy …3/b}nf]Ú cleofg 

yflnPsf] kl/;/sf k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs 

/fh]Gb| kf]v/]nn] hfgsf/L lbP . cfjZos 

k|x/L clwsf/Lsf] ;Dks{ gDa/;lxtsf] 

k|rf/ ;fdu|L 3/3/df ljt/0f / 6fF; 

ub{} ;d'bfo;Fu ;DaGw lj:tf/ ug{ pQm 

cleofg yflnPsf] xf] . 

sf7df8f}F k|x/L 

kl/;/sf k|d'v j;Gt nfdfn] …;d'bfo– 

k|x/L ;fem]bf/LÚ sfo{qmddfkm{t z'? 

ePsf] 3/b}nf] sfo{qmdcGtu{t 

sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf cf7 nfv a9L 3/df 

k'u]/ ;r]tgfsf ljifo pNn]v ul/Psf] 

;"Id k|sfzsLo lrksf] ljsf; 

nlntk'/-h;_–g]kfnL 

j}1flgsn] clt;"Id k|sfzsLo 

lrksf] ljsl;t u/]sf 5g\ . 

klxnf] k6s ljsl;t ePsf] ;f] 

lrkn] afof]K;L-z/L/sf] cª\u 

lems]/ k/LIf0f ug{] sfd_ gu/L 

l;6L :Sofg pks/0fn] h:t} leqL 

tGt'sf] hfgsf/L lng ;xof]u 

k'¥ofpF5 . ;f] lrknfO{ g]kfndf 

ul0ftLo k/LIf0f u/L a]nfotdf 

l;lnsg j]km/df /;fogaf6 

sF'b\g] sfd ul/Psf] xf] . 

km'6'ª l/;r{ OlGi6Ro"6df sfo{/t 

j}1flgsn] ;kmntfk"j{s pQm 

k|ljlwsf] ljsf; u/]sf x'g\ . 

OlGi6Ro"6 / g]kfn l/;r{ 

PnfoG;åf/f oxfF a'waf/ cof]lht 

sfo{qmddf ;f] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 

xf] . cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ k|sfzsLo 

pks/0fnfO{ sndsf] lgaeGbf 

klg ;fgf] cfsf/df PsLs[t ub{} 

:yfkgf lbj; / kj{ labflbg] gu/kflnsfsf] lg0f{o 

eQmk'/-h;_–dWok'/lyld 

gu/kflnsfn] cfkm\gf] :yfkgf 

lbj;df ;fj{hlgs labf lbg] 

ePsf] 5 . gu/kflnsfn] a'waf/ 

oxfF cfof]hgf u/]sf] kqsf/ 

;Dd]ngdf gu/ k|d'v dbg;'Gb/ 

>]i7n] gu/kflnsfn] cfkm\g} 

Sofn]08/ agfP/ kj{ labf;d]t 

yk ug]{ tof/L u/]sf] atfP . pgn] 

eg], æ:yfgLo ;/sf/sf ¿kdf 

gu/kflnsfn] cfkm\g} Sofn]08/ 

agfpg] / :yfkgf lbj;nufot 

la:s]6 hfqfdf rf/ lbg tyf 

cGo :yfgLo kj{df labf 

lbg] u/L Sofn]08/ lgdf{0f 

u/]sf 5fF} .Æ kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf 

gu/kflnsfsf k|jQmf Pj+ j8f 

g+ @ sf cWoIf /fd yfkfdu/n] 

gu/kflnsfn] ef]ln !$ ut] 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfn efiff 

tyf g]kfnL efiffsf] dfWodaf6 

;flxTo l;h{gfdf of]ubfg u/]sf 

JolQmTj jf;' zzLsf] *# cf}F 

hGdhoGtLsf cj;/df dª\unaf/ 

oxfF cfof]lht sfo{qmddf jQmfn] 

zzL ;flxTo If]qsf :jfledfgL 

JolQm ePsf] wf/0ff /fv] . lj;+ 

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g]kfnd} g]kfnL j}1flgsn] gfgf]– 

k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ug{ ;S5g\ 

eg] ljZjf; lbnfpg o;sf] 

cfljisf/ ul/Psf] atfP . 

lzIff lj1fg tyf k|ljlwdGqL 

lul//fhdl0f kf]v/]nn] lj1fg 

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nfu]sf] hfgsf/L lbP . pgn] 

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tLj| ultdf x'g'kg{] ljsf; 

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b/n] 5fqj[lQ lbg], dWok'/sf 

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efiff If]qdf k|l;4 gf6s x'g\ . 

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k|d'v gf6s x'g\ . 

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/x]sf] 5 . jf;' zzL :d[lt 

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k|b]z g+ # ;/sf/n] lj1fg k|ljlw 

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%) nfv ;+;fwgdf vr{ u/]sf] 

eP 7"nf] pknlAw xfl;n x'GYof] 

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lj1lKtdf la/fdL k|of]uzfnfdf 

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u/fpg j}1flgs nfluk/]sf] 

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skfnsf] /f}FeGbf nueu !)) 

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/f]huf/d"ns tfnLdsf ;xefuLn] 

tof/ u/]sf] j:t' tyf pTkfbgsf] 

k|bz{gL Pj+ gu/kflnsfsf 

ljleGg ultljlwsf] t:jL/sf] 

k|bz{gL /flvg] ePsf] 5 . 

ut jif{ gu/ k|d'v >]i7 / 

pkk|d'v c~hgfb]jL dlwsdL{n] 

:yfkgf lbj; 5'§f5'§} dgfP 

klg o; jif{ eg] Pp6} :yfkgf 

lbj; dgfpg] ePsf] pkk|d'v 

dlwsdL{n] atfP . pgn] ut 

jif{ gu/k|d'v;Fusf] ljjfbsf 

sf/0f cfkm"n] 5'§} :yfkgf lbj; 

dgfP klg o; jif{b]lv eg] 

ljjfb gug]{ / Pp6} :yfkgf 

lbj; dgfpg] ;xdlt ePsfn] 

ljjfb/lxt¿kdf lbj; dgfpg 

nfu]sf] atfP . 

kl/ifb\n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;f] 

sfo{qmddf afFª\do ztfAbL k'?if 

;Todf]xg hf]zLn] zzL g]kfnL 

;flxTo If]qsf uf}/j ePsf] 

atfpFb} ;flxTo hut\n] pgnfO{ 

:jfledfgL ;flxTosf/sf] ¿kdf 

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dft[efiff g]kfn efiff tyf 

g]kfnL efiff tyf cª\u|hL 

efiffdf ;flxTo ;fwgfsf] 

dfWodaf6 ljz]if of]ubfg 

u/]sf / g]kfn /fhsLo k|1f 

k|lti7fgsf] u7gb]lv xfnsf] 

ejg lgdf{0fdf klg ct'ngLo 

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l:6s/ 6fF; ug{ yflnPsf] hfgsf/L 

lbP . ;d'bfosf] ;xof]udf dfq} ck/fw 

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k|fyldstf lbg nfluPsf] xf] . sf7df8f}F 

dxfgu/kflnsfsf k|d'v ljBf;'Gb/ zfSon] 

j;Gtk'/sf lbg]zdfg hf]zLsf] 3/df 

l:6s/ ljt/0f u/]/ cleofgsf] yfngL 

ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/] . 3/leq ;a}sf] kx'Fr k'Ug] 

:yfgdf 6fF; ubf{ ;dfhdf zflGt ;'/Iff 

sfod ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] pgn] ljZjf; 

JoQm u/] . æof] cleofg lgtfGt ;'/Iff 

sfod ug{sf nflu xf], s'g} s/ p7fpgsf 

nflu xf]Og, tkfOFx¿n] ;xh¿kdf ;"rgf 

lbg'xf];\, h;n] 7"nf 36gf /f]Sg ;xof]u 

u5{Æ, zfSon] ;d'bfo;Fu eg] . 

3/b}nf];Fu} k|x/Ln] ;d'bfo;Fu 

ldn]/ ;8s dfgj, ;8s 

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/ p4f/dfkm{t lbuf] / k|efjsf/L 

Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{of]hgf agfO{ 

sfof{Gjog ug]{, dlxnf lx+;f, dlxnf 

tyf afnaflnsflj?4sf] ck/fw, 

;fOa/ ck/fw, ;jf/L ;fwg b'3{6gf 

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k|of]uaf/] cleefjssf] bfloTj 

ljifodf cled'vLs/0f ug]{ sfo{qmd 

to u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf ;dGjo 

;ldlt sf7df8f}Fsf k|d'v lzj;'Gb/ 

/fhj}Bn] ;a} hgk|ltlglwnfO{ 

sfo{qmddf ;l/s u/fpg ;s] 

yk k|efjsf/L x'g] ljZjf; JoQm 

u/] . 3/b}nf] sfo{qmd Joj:yfkg 

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sf7df8f}Fsf x/]s :yfgLo txdf 

a'waf/ Ps};fy 3/b}nf] cleofg 

rnfOPsf] hfgsf/L lbFb} tLg 

dxLgf;Dd rNg] cleofgn] ;dfhdf 

;sf/fTds ;Gb]z hfg] ljZjf; JoQm 

u/] . cfjZos k/] cleofgnfO{ yk 

ug{ ;lsg] >]i7sf] egfO lyof] . 

cfk/flws ultljlwdf ;+nUg kqmfp 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–cfk/flws 36gfdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ k|x/Ln] 

ljleGg :yfgaf6 kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . dxfgu/Lo k|x/L kl/;/ sf7df8f}F 

dftxt j[Qsf Onfsfdf k|x/L kl/rfng u/L ljKnj ;d"xsf cjflG5t 

ultljlwnfO{ lgoGq0fsf nflu rnfOPsf] ljz]if vf]hL cleofgsf 

qmddf rf/ JolQmnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] kl/;/sf k|jQmf xf]ljGb| 

af]u6Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . 

;fdflhs ljs[lt, lj;ª\utL, u'08fubL{nufot cfk/flws 36gf 

lgoGq0f u/L ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt lbnfpg] p2]Zon] 

kl5Nnf] ;dodf ljz]if ;r{ ck|]zg rnfpFb} cfPsf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 

5 . ;f] qmddf dª\unaf/ ;fFem afnfh'af6 Ps yfg v's'/L, kmnfdsf] 

/8 / nfu'cf}ifw !#( PDk'n 8fO{hfkfd, km]gf/ug, g'/lkmg;lxt 

dgd}h'sf ;Gtf]if tfdfª / y/ gv'n]sf ceonfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] 

kl/;/n] a'waf/ Ps ;"rgf hf/L u/L hgfPsf] 5 . 

o;}aLr gofFa;kfs{af6 !^ u|fd v}/f] x]/f]Og / v}/f] x]/f]Og 

hf]Vg] oGq -t/fh'_ ;lxt afFs] sf]xnk'/sf /d]z a:g]t / z]/l;+x 

/f]sfofnfO{ kqmfp u/L yk cg';Gwfg yflnPsf] kl/;/n] hgfPsf] 5 . 

af}4 gfu]Zj/L uNnL / uf]s0f]{Zj/ gu/kflnsf–% hf]/kf6Laf6 $)) 

ln6/ 3/]n' dlb/f / dlb/f agfpg k|of]u ug]{ sRrf kbfy{ tLg xhf/ 

#)) ln6/ a/fdb u/L ;f]xL :yfgdf :yfgLo afl;Gbf, j8f k|ltlglw 

/ ;~rf/sdL{sf] /f]xa/df gi6 ul/Psf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . 

gfufh{'gdf u0f]zdfg pBfg aGg] 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–gfufh'{g gu/kflnsf–^ df u0f]zdfg :d[lt pBfg 

lgdf{0f ul/g] ePsf] 5 . sf7df8f}F lhNnfsf k|To]s gu/kflnsfdf … 

Ps j8f Ps kfs{Ú agfpg] sf7df8f}F dxfgu/kflnsfsf] gLltcg';f/ 

gu/kflnsf–^ l:yt 8fF8fkf}jfdf u0f]zdfg :d[lt pBfg lgdf{0f ul/g] 

gu/ k|d'v df]xgaxfb'/ a:g]tn] hfgsf/L lbP . sfdkfn] pBfg 

agfpg lhNnfsf !) gu/kflnsfnfO{ ? Ps Ps s/f]8 pknAw 

u/fPsf] 5 . 

sfdkf / gu/kflnsfsf] ;xsfo{df k"j{df lghL hUuf, 

klZrddf Zofd]Zj/ u0f]zdfg ;fd'bflos jg, pQ/df lghL 

cfjf; If]q / blIf0f af6f] rf/ lsNnfleq s/La @@ /f]kgL 

If]qkmndf ? rf/ s/f]8 *# nfvsf] nfutdf pBfg lgdf{0f ul/g] 

gu/ k|d'v a:g]tn] atfP . ;f] pBfg lgdf{0f;DaGwL ;Demf}tf 

eP/ lj:t[t kl/of]hgf k|ltj]bg tof/ eO{ af]nkqdf hfg] qmddf 

/x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . pQm pBfgdf nf}xk'?if u0f]zdfg l;+xsf] 

zflns :yfkgf / pgsf] hLjgLsf d"ne"t cj:yf pNn]v u/L 

gu/kflnsfsf !) j6} j8fdf /x]sf d'Vo wfld{s, P]ltxfl;s, 

k'/ftflTjs, k|fs[lts / ;f+:s[lts klxrfg emNsg] cfs[lt tof/ ul/ 

g]5g\ . ;fy} k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] pkTosf ljho ubf{ k|j]z dfu{sf 

¿kdf k|of]u u/]sf] :yfgsf ?kdf emNsg] cfjZos JolQmsf] klxrfg 

tyf 36:yfkgfdf uf]/vfaf6 xg'dfg9f]sfdf km"nkftL NofOg] dfu{af/] 

cg';Gwfgd"ns oyf]lrt ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f ug{] Ps /d0fLo:ynsf 

?kdf pBfgsf] lgdf{0f ul/g] atfOPsf] 5 . 

ljZjsdf{sf] kqmfp ;DaGwgdf 

cWoog ug{ ld;g 6f]nL 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;ª\3n] sfnLsf]6af6 k|;f/0f 

x'g] /]l8of] gofF s0ff{nLsf ;+jfbbftf s0f{ ljZjsdf{nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp 

u/]sf] ;DaGwdf :ynut cWoogsf nflu ld;g 6f]nL k7fPsf] 5 . 

dxf;ª\3sf dxf;lrj /d]z lji6n] ljZjsdf{nfO{ /]l8of]sf] :6]zgaf6} 

kqmfp ul/Psf] ;DaGwdf :ynut cWoog ug{ dxf;ª\3 k|b]z ;ldlt 

cWoIf b'uf{ yfkfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ld;g 6f]nL k7fOPsf] hfgsf/L 

u/fP . 

pgsf cg';f/ g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pzg k|ltlglw / 

dfgjclwsf/sdL{;d]t ;+nUg ld;g 6f]nLn] kqsf/ ljZjsdf{ 

kqmfpsf ;DaGwdf :ynut cWoog u/L k|x/L, :yfgLo k|zf;gnufot 

36gf;Fu hf]l8Psf ;a} kIf;Fu 5nkmn u/L l/xfOsf] kxn ug'{sf 

;fy} 36gfsf] ;TotYo kQf nufO{ k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ug]{5 . kqsf/ 

ljZjsdf{nfO{ oxL r}t & ut] kqmfp ul/Psf] lyof] . 

@)&% r}t !$ ut], laxLaf/ 

Thursday, 28 March 2019 

# 

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sf7df8f}F-h;_–/fli6«o 

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ug]{ ePsf] 5 . PgPkmlkh]n] oxfF 

a'waf/ kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L … 

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kqsfl/tf u/L xfn lgj[Q 

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? %) xhf/ /x]sf] 5 . 

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kqsfl/tf ljwf, v]ns"b kmf]6f] 

kqsfl/tf ljwf, dlxnf kmf]6f] 

kqsfl/tf ljwf, ko{6g tyf 

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cfly{s kmf]6f] kqsfl/tfnufot 

ljleGg ljwfdf k'/:sf/ k|bfg 

ul/g] dxf;lrj k|bLk/fh 

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;f] k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/g]5 . 

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a'waf/Ljg ;b:o xl/uf]kfn 

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ub}{ cfO/x]sf] ;fxl;s, v]ns"b, 

ko{6g, ;Dkbf / dgf]/~hg 

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pQm ;fO6df lrq0f ul/Psf] 

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tyf xf]6n Joj:yfkg k|lti7fgn] 

ut jif{ xf]6n Joj:yfkg tyf 

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;d:of g/x]sf] hfgsf/L lbP . 

xf]6n Joj:yfkg tyf ko{6gsf 

ljleGg ljwfut ljifodf z}lIfs 

sfo{qmd ;~rfn u/L :gfts / 

:gftsf]Q/sf sIffdf Ps xhf/ 

#*$ ljBfyL{ cWoog ul//x]sf 

5g\ . ljleGg ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd 

ul/Psf] ;df/f]xdf pTs[i6 

ljBfyL{ tyf k|lti7fgsf] 

ljsf;df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg]nfO{ 

;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

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Thursday 28 March 2019 

;DkfbsLo 

cnkq ljsf; 

g]kfndf clxn];Dd 3f]if0ff ePsf cfof]hgfx? ;dod} sfd 

ePsf] eP clxn];dd k"jf{wf/sf lx;fan] g]kfn ;DkGg eO;s]sf] 

x'g'kYof]{ . t/, b'ef{Uo g]kfndf 3f]lift ljsf;sf cfof]hgfx? 

ljleGg sf/0fn] ;dod} k"/f gx'g] / olQs} cnkq kl//xg] cj:yf 

5 . cem /ffHosf] caf}{ ?k}ofF nufgL eO;s]/ klg jiff}{;Dd 

cnkq /x]sf ljsf; fof]hgfx? x]bf{ g]kfndf /fli6«o 9's'6L s;/L 

bf]xg eO/x]sf] 5 eGg] a'em\g ufx|f] kb}{g . o:tf]df ;+3Lo ;+;b\ 

k|ltlglw;efsf] ljsf; tyf k|ljlw ;ldltn] ax'jifL{o 7]Ssf 

nfu]sf cfof]hgfsf nflu ljQLo Joj:yf ;'lglZrt ug{ cy{ / 

ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf oftfoft dGqfnonfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] 5 . 

ax'jifL{o 7]Ssf nfu]sf w]/} cfof]hgf cnkq ePsf], ;+3Lo ;+/rgf 

cg';f/ k|b]z:t/df k'u]sf cfof]hgf sd{rf/L / ;|f]tsf] cefjn] 

aGg] gaGg] lglZrt gePsf], sfd u/]sf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] klg 

e'QmfgL gkfPsf] nufot ;d:of cfPkl5 d+unaf/ ;/f]sf/ ePsf 

lgsfosf clwsf/LnfO{ af]nfP/ ;ldltn] 5nkmn u/]sf] lyof] . 

ax'jifL{o 7]Ssf nfu]sf w]/} cfof]hgf cnkqx'g'df lgotjz 

sfddf l9nfO{ ug]{ / cnkq /fVg] lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ sf/jfxL 

gx'g' g} xf] . /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]un] of]hgf a}+s :yfkgfsf] k|lqmof 

cl3 a9fPsfn] of]hgf lgdf{0fsf] tof/L k"/f u/L cfPsfnfO{ 

dfq cfufdL cfly{s jif{b]lv ax'jifL{o cfof]hgfdf ;dfj]z ug{ 

klg ;ldltn] lgb]{zg lbPsf] 5 . a}7sdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ tyf 

oftfoftdGqL /3'jL/ dxf;]7n] rfn" cfly{s jif{df &@ xhf/ lsdL 

;8s lgdf{0fsf] lhDd]jf/L k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ lbOPsf] 

atfpFb} s]Gb| ;/sf/n] !% xhf/ lsdL ;8sdfq agfpg] of]hgf 

/x]sf] / k|b]zdf uPsf ax'jifL{o cfof]hgf ToxfFaf6 sfof{Gjog 

x'g g;sL lg0f{o;lxt s]Gb|df cfP ;+3Lo ;/sf/n] g} ;DkGg ug]{ 

atfP . cy{dGqL 8f o'j/fh vltj8fn] /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]un] 

lj;+ @)&# df agfPsf] ax'jifL{o cfof]hgf lgb]{lzsf sfof{Gjog 

gePsf]n] ;d:of cfPsf] atfpFb} cfof]hgsf nflu cfjZos ljQLo 

Joj:yfkg ug]{ k|lta4tf hgfP . dGqL vltj8fn] cw'/f cfof]hgf 

;a} ;‹Lo ;/sf/n] sfof{Gjog ubf{ c;Gt'ng x'g] tyf ah]6 klg 

tn uO;s]sf] / IfdtfeGbf a9L 7]Ssfk§fdf hfFbf klg ax'jifL{o 

cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog x'g g;s]sf] atfP . o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f eg] 

cg'udgdf sdhf]/L g} xf] . 

;/sf/n] cg'udg s8f agfP/ ax'jifL{o cfof]hgfsf nflu 

ah]6 /sdfGt/ u/]/ eP klg cfly{s ;|f]t sdL x'g glbg] xf] 

eg] cfof]hgf cnkq kg]{ qmd /f]lsg ;S5 . To:t} ;/f]sf/ 

ePsf dGqfnoaLr cGt/ dGqfno ;dGjonfO{ cem k|efjsf/L 

agfpg] / of]hgf a}+s agfO{ To;cGtu{t ax'jifL{o cfof]hgf 5gf}6sf] 

tof/L ug'{k5{ . of]hgf cfof]un] clxn] o;/L g} !% cf}F cfjlws 

of]hgf lgdf{0fsf] tof/L ul//x]sf] eg]sf] 5 . of] ;sf/fTds 

xf] . To:t} ax'jifL{o 7]Ssf nfu]sf cfof]hgfdf ?v, lah'nLsf 

kf]n, 3/ hUufsf] ;d:ofnufot sf/0fn] %) k|ltzt ah]6 vr{ 

ug{ klg d'l:sn x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o;df klg ;DalGwt kIfn] 

Wofg k'/\ofpg'k5{ . clxn] cy{ / ef}lts k"jf{wf/ dGqfnon] Ps 

csf{nfO{ bf]if nufP/ ax'jifL{o cfof]hgf cnkq kfg]{ u/]sf] cj:yf 

5 . To:t} ax'jifL{o cfof]hgfsf] 5gf]6 kf/bzL{ ?kdf ug]{, lgoldt 

?kdf e'QmfgL lbg] sfd eP caf}{F vr{ eO;s]sf ax'jifL{o cfof]hgf 

clxn] cnkq kg{ sd x'g]5 . o;af6 ljsf; cnkq kg]{ qmd klg 

la:tf/} /f]lsg]5 . clxn] b]zdf ;+3Lo Joj:yf nfu" eO;s]sf] 

;Gbe{df k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] klg o;df Wofg hfcf]; . 

Hof]= k+= s]bf/k|;fb e08f/L 

(*$!(##)$%÷(*!*#@%&#% 

sLlt{k'/, sf7df8f}+ 

af]lndf k|efj 

:jf:Yodf ;d:of 

Joy{ emu8f 

Jofkf/df nfe 

;q'af6 xfgL 

dfªulns sfo{ 

dgf]/~hg 

;fdfg k|fKt 

dfg k|lti7f a[l4 

Jooef/ a9\g] 

pkªutf k|flKt 

cfn:otf 

cg'/f]w 

xfd|f] k|of; tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5Ï tkfO{sf u'gf;f], cfnf]rgf 

/ ;'emfjn] hg;jfnnfO{ :t/Lo aGg / ;xL af6f]df lxF8\g ;xof]u ug]{5 . 

To;}n] xfdL tkfO{+sf] /rgfTds cfnf]rgf / cd"No ;'emfjsf] ck]Iff 

u5f}{+, s[kof n]v]/ xfdLnfO{ k7fpg'xf];\ . n]Vg'xf];\, d'n'ssf ;d;fdlos 

36gfqmdk|ltsf] cfk\mgf] k|ltlqmof, n]v /rgf;Fu} cfk\mgf] :ki6 kl/ro / 

tl:a/ klg tnsf] 7]ugfdf k7fpg' xf]nf . 

E-mail : janasawalnews@gmail .com 

cfly{s ;d[l4sf] cfwf/ tof/ kfg]{ 

nIosf ;fy ;/sf/n] cfof]hgf ug]{ nufgL 

;Dd]ngdf lghL If]qn] klg plQs} ;lqmo 

;xeflutf hgfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] nufgLsf] 

jftfj/0f agfpg gLltut Pj+ sfg"gL 

;'wf/;d]t u/]sf], pmhf{sf] pknAwtf ;xh 

ePsf], >d ;DaGw;d]t ;'wf/ ePsf] 

cj:yfdf lghL If]q klg ;/sf/;Fu} …sfFwdf 

sfFwÚ ldnfP/ cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . 

lghL If]qsf 5ftf ;+:yf g]kfn pBf]u 

jfl0fHo dxf;ª\3, g]kfn r]Da/ ckm sd;{, 

g]kfn pBf]u kl/;ª\3n] g]kfn nufgLsf 

nflu pko'Qm ynf] xf] eGg] ;Gb]z;d]t 

ljb]zL nufgLstf{nfO{ lbg ;kmn ePsf 

5g\ . tL ;+:yfn] ;/sf/n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] 

nufgL ;Dd]ngdf ;/f]sf/ ePsf ;+:yfsf] 

¿kdf ;lqmo ;xeflutf hgfPsf 5g\ . 

ljb]zL nufgLstf{nfO{ ;d]t lJfZjf; lbnfpg 

;/sf/n] h:t} ;lqmo ;xeflutf lghL If]qn] 

klg b]vfPsf] 5 . 

…;d[4 g]kfn ;'vL g]kfnLÚ sf] ;ª\sNk 

k"/f ug{ ;/sf/ dfq}sf] PSnf] k|of;n] gk'Ug] 

ePsfn] lghL If]q;d]t xf]:6]df x}F;] ub}{ 

nfu]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ngdf lghL If]qsf dfq} @% 

j6f cfof]hgfnfO{ …zf] s]zÚ df /flvPsf] 

5 . ljz]ifu/L cfOPdO ;d"x, ljzfn ;d"x, 

u?8 ;d"xnufotn] s]xL 7"nf kl/of]hgf 

;Dd]ngsf qmddf k|:t't ug]{ ePsf 5g\ . 

cf}Bf]lus 3/fgfsf ¿kdf :yflkt cfOPdO 

;d"xn] pmhf{, l;d]G6, s]jnsf/ h:tf 

kl/of]hgfdf nufgL leqØfpg] u/L sfd z'? 

u/]sf] 5 . lghL If]qn] o;cl3 cWoog u/]sf 

/ cufl8 a9fPsf cfof]hgf;d]t k|:t't ug]{ 

tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . ;/sf/;Fu} lghL If]qn] 

klg j}b]lzs nufgL leqØfpg] cleofg g} 

;~rfng u/]sf 5g\ . ;Dd]ngdf k|:t't x'g 

nfu]sf lghL If]qsf s]xL cfof]hgf cfsif{s 

/ dxTjk"0f{ 5g\ h;df &% d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] 

lqz"nL–uN5L hnljB't\ kl/of]hgf;d]t 

;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] cfof]hgfsf] s"n 

nfut kfFr s/f]8 #) nfv cd]l/sL 8n/ 

ljrf/ 

nufgL ;Dd]ng M lghL If]q klg plQs} ;lqmo 

v; hfltsf] s'nb]jtf di6fsf] pb\ud 

:yn v; k|b]z dflgG5 . dxfsfnL gbLb]lv 

lqz"nL gbL;Dd, g]kfnL kj{tLo v08 l;+hf 

;fd|fHo cGtu{t rLgsf] ltAatdf kg{] vf/L 

k|fGt / ef/tsf] kxf8L e"–efu sflZd/b]lv 

s'dfpF;Ddsf] If]qnfO{ v; k|b]z / ToxfF 

a:g] hfltnfO{ v; elgG5 . log} v; 

hfltn] k'Hg] s'nb]jtfsf ¿kdf di6f] /x]sf] 

5 . 8f k|ofu/fh zdf{sf cg';f/ di6f]nfO{ 

s0ff{nL k|b]zsf] cTolws nf]slk|o u|fd 

b]jtf dflgG5 . g]kfnafx]s ef/tsf] k~hfa, 

cf;fd, lqk'/f, dl0fk'/ /fHodf a;f]af; ug{] 

g]kfnL d"nsf a|fXd0f, If]qL, 7s'/L, ad 

tyf cGo hfltn] klg di6f]nfO{ s'nb]jtfsf 

¿kdf k"hf ub{5g\ . cfo{ ;+:s[ltdf Clifsf] 

d"nynf] s}nfz dfg;/f]j/ If]qnfO{ lnOG5 

/ di6f]sf] pTklQ ToxLF ePsf] hgljZjf; 

5 . di6f]sf] k"hg ;Dk"0f{ klZrd g]kfndf 

ePklg ;'b"/klZrdsf] kxf8L If]q aemfË, 

afh'/f, a}t8L, 8f]6L, c5fd lhNnfdf 

o;sf] ljz]if d]nf nfU5 / w'dwfdsf ;fy 

k'lhG5 . aemfËsf] r}tnL d]nf -rf8_, 

vKt8sf] uª\uf bzx/f / h'Dnfsf] di6f] 

k"hf ljlzi6 vfnsf] 5 . 

w]/}h;f] :yfgdf tf]/0f, cfnd, 306L, 

lbof], lqz"n cfo'wnfO{ g} di6f] b]jtfsf] 

:j?k dfg]/ k'lhG5 . di6f]nfO{ sltkon] 

OGb|sf] 5f]/f hoGtsf] ?k klg dfGb5g\ . 

sltn] lognfO{ kf08jsf] ;Gtfg egL 

dfG5g\ . OGb|sL kTgL ;lrnfO{ d08lngL 

elgG5 . log} d08lngLnfO{ ;Dem]/ di6f] 

d08nL / c5fddf di6f] a08lngL klg 

elgG5 . di6f b]jtf zfGt, bofn', IfdfzLn 

/ rfF8} v'zL x'g] lzj c+z dflgg] d"ntM 

;flTjs b]jtf x'g\ . t/ klg /Qmaln 

dfu] lbg] / b'uf{ ejfgLsf ;flgWodf /xg] 

x'gfn] lognfO{ /Qmaln ef]uL klg agfPsf] 

a'lemG5 . kmn:j?k eujfg\ zª\s/sf u0f 

dflgg] logsf] sfnfGt/df k"hf ljlwdf 

b'O{ e]b k|rngdf cfof] . ;flTjs k"hfdf 

lognfO{ cIftf, km"nkftL, b"w, bzL, 3Lp 

/ afa/ r9fOG5 . ;fy} z'4 3Lpåf/f xjg 

klg ul/G5 . hgefiffdf b"w r9\g] di6fnfO{ 

b'w] di6f / aln u|x0f ug{]nfO{ bf8] di6f 

elgG5 . o;sf] tLg xhf/ *)) jif{eGbf 

a9L k'/fgf] Oltxf; /x]sf] kfOG5 . 

k[YjLnfO{ dfgj hfltn] cfdfsf] ¿kdf 

x]5{ eg] k[YjLsf] /Iff ug{] lzjsf] c+zsf] 

¿kdf di6f b]jtfnfO{ k[YjLsf] cfdfsf] 

¿kdf dfGb5 . o;} dfGotfsf sf/0f 

hdLgsf] ef]u ug{] dfgj hfltn] di6f 

b]jtfnfO{ dfGb}cfPsf xf] . di6f b]jtfnfO{ 

/x]sf] 5 . o:t} %#=^ d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] dWo 

sfnLu08sL hnljB't\ kl/of]hgf ;d]t zf] 

s]zdf /flvPsf] 5 . ;f] cfof]hgfsf] nfut 

gf} s/f]8 ^) nfv cd]l/sL 8n/ /x]sf] 

5 . To;}u/L !* d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] OGujf 

vf]nf hnljB't\ kl/of]hgf /x]sf] 5 . ;f] 

cfof]hgfsf] s"n nfut tLg s/f]8 cd]l/sL 

8n/ a/fa/sf] /x]sf] 5 . 

lghL If]qs} dflyNnf] rd]lnof hnljB't\ 

cfof]hgf;d]t ;Dd]ngsf qmddf k|:t't 

ul/g]5 . ;f] cfof]hgfsf] nfut ;ft 

s/f]8 cd]l/sL 8n/ /xg]5 . s"n %&=# 

d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] DofUbL vf]nf hnljB't\ 

cfof]hgfsf] nfut !) s/f]8 cd]l/sL 8n/ 

/x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L !#@ d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] 

tNnf] j?0fvf]nf hnljB't\ kl/of]hgf ;d]t 

;Dd]ngdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] 

nfut @% s/f]8 cd]l/sL 8n/ /x]sf] 

5 . ;Dd]ngdf !^$ d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] 

sfnLu08sL uh{ hnljB't\ kl/of]hgfnfO{ 

;d]t ;d]l6Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] nfut @^ 

s/f]8 () nfv cd]l/sL 8n/ /x]sf] 5 . 

nufgL af]8{n] tof/ kf/]sf] cfof]hgfsf] 

;"rLdf dflyNnf] an]kmL hnljB't\ cfof]hgf 

/x]sf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] nfut ;ft s/f]8 @% 

nfv cd]l/sL 8n/ /x]sf] 5 . 

s'g} 7fpFdf lzjsf] ¿kdf k'lhG5 eg] st} 

OGb|sf] hfof] cyf{t 5f]/f÷gfltsf ¿kdf 

klg k'lhG5 eGg] egfO 5 . s'g} 7fpFdf 

k|s[ltsf] k|tLs dfg]/ k'lhG5 . 

k/Dk/fjfbL wf/0ff 

ef/t v08sf] ;Dk"0f{ If]qdf kf}/fl0fs 

sfndf b]j / bfgj ¿kdf ;ª\3if{ rln/x]sf] 

s'/f wfld{s zf:qdf plNnlvt 5 . dlx;f;'/ 

bfgjn] tk:of u/L a|XdfhLnfO{ l/emfO{ 

æk'?ifsf] xftaf6 gd?F, :qLsf] dnfO{ 8/ 

5}gÆ eGg] j/bfg dfuL ;f] sfo{ k"/f ug{ 

b]jtfx¿nfO{ k/flht ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf 

OGb|k'q hoGtnfO{ klg k/flht ug{ lk5f 

ubf{ OGb|f;}g vNalnP/ ef/tsf] ;såf/ 

5f]8L lxdv08df cfpFbf di6f b]jsf] 

pTklQ ePsf] eGg] egfO adf]lhd aemfËdf 

di6fb]jtf k|s6 ePsf] eGGf] hgljZjf; 

5 . csf]{ tkm{ ef/ts} d]jf8 eGg] 7fpFdf 

/fhf hob]j /fgfn] di6fb]jtfnfO{ ;jf{]k/L 

dfgL k"hfcfhf ub{y] . To;} ;dodf lxGb" / 

d'l:ndsf] n8fOF xF'bf di6fb]jtf k'lh/x]sf] 

:yfgdf uf}df;sf] aw u/L ufO{sf] /ut 

dlGb/df 5bf{ di6fb]jtfaf6 …x] /fhg, ltdL 

d]/f] gflt xf+}, of] 7fFpdf xfd|f] a;fO xF'b}g, 

d kxf8L e]u lxdfnodf v08sf] n]s, a]+;L 

tyf kTy/df k|j]z ug{]5', ltdL klg ;f]xL 

7fpFdf cfpg"Ú egL cfsfzjf0fL eof] / 

;f]xL adf]lhd vf]hL ub{} hfFbf kxf8L e]usf] 

aemfË lhNnfsf] b]pafh eGg] 7fpFdf afGgL 

di6f k|j]z u/]sf] eGg] aemfË kf6fufpF 

lgjf;L :yfgLo /hjf/ :j nfn axfb'/ 

l;+xsf] egfO /x]sf] 5 . 

;'b"/klZrd k|b]z / s0ff{nL k|b]zdf 

leGgleGg 7fpFdf lEfGGfleGg lsl;dn] 

di6fsf] pTklQ;DaGwL wf/0ff /x]sf] 

kfOG5 . 8f ;'/]Gb| s];Lsf cg';f/ di6f 

eg]sf] e"ldsf] cfdf, ;Dk"0f{ ;[li6sf] 

;[li6stf{, v; hfltsf] d'Vo s'nb]jtf, 

/d]z nD;fn 

;/sf/n] nufgL k|j4{gsf nflu Psåf/ gLlt clVtof/ u/]sf] 5 . ? 5 

ca{;Ddsf cfof]hgf pBf]u dGqfnodfkm{t\ / Tof]eGbf a9Lsf nufgLaf]8{af6 

x'g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . nufgLs} nflu ;/sf/n] s}of}F sfg"gdf ;+zf]wg / 

;'wf/ u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf kl5Nnf] lbgdf nufgL j[l4sf ;ª\s]t b]lvPsf] 5, 

s]xL If]qdf nufgL a9]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ng ;/sf/sf] /fd|f] tTk/tf ePsf] pNn]v 

ub}{ 9sfnn] o;cl3sf nufgL ;Dd]ngaf6 l;s]/ yk ;dLIff ug{] k|lta4tf 

;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 cfpg' ;sf/fTds sbd ePsf] l6Kk0fL ug'{x'G5 . g]kfn 

ljZjsf] em08} Ps ltxfO hg;ª\Vofsf] aLrdf /x]sf] 5 . b'O{ l5d]sL b]z ljZjs} 

7"nf cy{tGq klg x'g\ . o;nfO{ klg ljZjsf nufgLstf{n] lgofn]sf 5g\ . 

af]8{sf cg';f/ #^ d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] 

dflyNnf] an]kmL hnljB't\ kl/of]hgf …PÚ 

;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] s"n nfut 

kfFr s/f]8 %% nfv cd]l/sL 8n/ /x]sf] 5 . 

o:t} @^) d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] gfDnfg vf]nf 

hnljB't\ kl/of]hgfnfO{ ;d]t ;Dd]ngdf 

k|:t't ul/g] cfof]hgfsf] ¿kdf 5gf]6 

ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] nfut #% s/f]8 

cd]l/sL 8n/ /x]sf] 5 . To:t} %) d]ufjf6 

Ifdtfsf] tf/k vf]nf hnljB't\ kl/of]hgfnfO{ 

;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] nfut ;ft 

s/f]8 &) nfv cd]l/sL 8n/ /x]sf] 5 . 

lghL If]qsf] 5ftf ;ª\u7g g]kfn pBf]u 

jfl0fHo dxf;ª\3sf cWoIf ejfgL /f0ffn] 

;Dd]ng g]kfndf nufgL leqØfpgsf nflu 

;'j0f{ cj;/ ePsf] atfpg'x'G5 . ljutdf 

/fhgLlts l:y/tf lyPg, nufgLof]Uo 

jftfj/0f lyPg eGb} nufgLsf nflu clgR5's 

ljb]zL nufgLstf{ kl5Nnf] lbgdf ;sf/fTds 

aGb} uPsf] hfgsf/L lbFb} cWoIf /f0ffn] 

;/sf/n] g} cfly{s ;d[l4sf] nIonfO{ k|d'v 

k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf sf/0f klg dxTjk"0f{ 

cj;/ ePsf] pNn]v ug'{eof] . 

g]kfn pBf]u kl/;ª\3sf cWoIf 

xl/eQm zdf{ ;Dd]ngnfO{ ;kmn agfpg' 

xfdL ;a}sf] bfloTj ePsfn] s'g} klg 

nlntaxfb'/ l;+x 

ky k|bz{s, kfngstf{, ;Def/stf{ eGg] 

a'lemG5 . di6fb]jtf ;Dk"0f{ lxGb" hfltsf] 

geO{ v; hfltsf] Oi6s'n b]jtf xf] . 

o'k|m]6\;af6 -cfhef]ln O/fs_ dfgj hflt, 

df];f]kf]6fldofaf6 o'/fn kj{t cfOk'Ub5 

/ ckmuflg:tfgaf6 v}j/ e~Hofª -xfn 

kfls:tfg / ckmuflg:tfgsf] aLrdf 5_ 

Pp6f zfvf u+ufsf] d}bfgdf cf]ln{G5 . 

ToxfFaf6 Pp6f zfvf landdf cf]ln{G5 . 

csf{] zfvf sflZd/df hfG5 . To; 

7fpFdf vl:sn eGg] kj{t 5 . k|sf/fGtn] 

vl:sn eGg] kj{tdf a:g] dfG5] g} v; 

hflt ePsf] xf] eGg] egfO 5 . To;kl5 

s'dfpF u8jfn cfpF5 . 5}6f}F ztfAbLdf 

v; hfltsf] cl:tTj s0ff{nLdf b]lvG5 . 

To;sf] $)) jif{ cl3 s'dfpF u8jfndf 

v; hfltn] /fHo u/]sf] b]lvG5 . To;}n] 

To; 7fpFdf klg di6fb]jtf k'Hg] ul/G5 . 

dxfef/tdf v; hflt o'lwli7/sf] kIfdf 

n8]sf] elgG5 . v;nfO{ n8fsf hflt klg 

elgG5 . h'Dnfaf6} ;'b"/klZrdel/ v; 

hflt ;Fu} di6fb]jtfsf] k"hf ug{] rng 

rn]sf] xf] . To;kl5 v; hfltsf] a;fOF 

k"j{lt/ ;g{] qmddf ToxL hfltsf dfG5]n] 

di6fb]jtf k'lhcfPsf] b]lvG5 . 

di6f dfGg] v; hfltnfO{ h+u axfb'/ 

/f0ffsf] kfnfdf lxGb"s/0f ul/Psf] 8f s];L 

atfpg'x'G5 . v; hfltsf] /fHo s'dfpF 

u8jfnb]lv uf]/vf;DDf /x]sf] egfO klg 

/x]sf] 5 . klxn] afO;] rf}aL;] /fHo EfP/ k[YjL 

gf/fo0f zfxn] g]kfn /fHosf] PsLs/0f u/]sf 

x'g\ . b]jfnL u/]/ wfdLemfFqmLsf] dfWodaf6 

di6fb]jsf] k"hfcfhf ug{ ] ul/G5 . 8f]6L /}sf 

/fhf / h'Dnfsf dNn /fhfsf s'nb]jtf t]8L 

x'g\ . t]8L di6f] lyP . 8f]6L /}sf /fhfsf di6f] 

s'nb]jtf dWo / k"jL{ g]kfndf s'nb]jtfnfO{ 

jf/x di6f] eGGf] rng 5 . afx|efO di6f] 

eGbfeGb} jf/x di6f] elgPsf] x'g;Sg] ljrf/ 

gsf/fTds 6Lsfl6Kk0fL gug{;d]t cfu|x 

ug'{x'G5 . kl5Nnf lbgdf nufgLsf nflu 

jftfj/0f agfpg ;/sf/n] dxTjk"0f{ 

k|of; u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbFb} cWoIf zdf{n] 

pmhf{sf] ;xh pknAwtfn] klg nufgLof]Uo 

jftfj/0f ag]sf] pNn]v ug'{eof] . g]kfn 

pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;ª\3sf pkfWoIf;d]t 

/xg'ePsf cfOPdO ;d"xsf cWoIf rGb| 

9sfnn] b]zn] l:y/ ;/sf/ kfPsf] cj:yfdf 

nufgLstf{, /f]huf/bftf, 6«]8 o'lgog tyf 

sfdbf/aLrsf] ;DaGwdf ljutsf] t'ngfdf 

kSs} klg ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g NofPsf] 

l6Kk0fL ug'{x'G5 . 

;/sf/n] nufgL k|j4{gsf nflu Psåf/ 

gLlt clVtof/ u/]sf] 5 . ? 5 ca{;Ddsf 

cfof]hgf pBf]u dGqfnodfkm{t\ / Tof]eGbf 

a9Lsf nufgLaf]8{af6 x'g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 

5 . nufgLs} nflu ;/sf/n] s}of}F sfg"gdf 

;+zf]wg / ;'wf/ u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf kl5Nnf] 

lbgdf nufgL j[l4sf ;ª\s]t b]lvPsf] 5, 

s]xL If]qdf nufgL a9]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ng 

;/sf/sf] /fd|f] tTk/tf ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ 

9sfnn] o;cl3sf nufgL ;Dd]ngaf6 l;s]/ 

yk ;dLIff ug{] k|lta4tf ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 

cfpg' ;sf/fTds sbd ePsf] l6Kk0fL 

ug'{x'G5 . g]kfn ljZjsf] em08} Ps ltxfO 

hg;ª\Vofsf] aLrdf /x]sf] 5 . b'O{ l5d]sL 

b]z ljZjs} 7"nf cy{tGq klg x'g\ . o;nfO{ 

klg ljZjsf nufgLstf{n] lgofn]sf 5g\ . 

Joj;foLsf cg';f/ g]kfndf w]/} ug{ 

afFsL 5 lsg eg] of] …elh{g Nof08Ú xf] . 

o;}sf/0f nufgLsf nflu g]kfn ljZjsf] 

cfsif{0f x'g;S5 . ljb]zL nufgL leqØfpg 

nufgLstf{sf cfjZostf / ;d:ofsf] 

;Daf]wg ug'{kg]{df hf]8 lbFb} 9sfnn] k|fKt 

/fhgLlts :yfloTjnfO{ cfly{s ljsf;df 

e/k'/ pkof]u ug'{kg]{ atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] 

eGg'eof], ægLltut¿kdf t ljsf;df lghL 

If]qnfO{ ;fy lng] s'/f :ki6 5, ca To;nfO{ 

Jofjxf/df klg ptfg'{ k5{ . o;/L g} :jb]zL 

tyf ljb]zL nufgLsf] jftfj/0f aGg]5 .Æ 

di6f b]jtfsf] P]ltxfl;stf / aemfª lhNnf 

8f]6L /}sf /fhf / h'Dnfsf dNn /fhfsf s'nb]jtf t]8L x'g\ . t]8L di6f] 

lyP . 8f]6L /}sf /fhfsf di6f] s'nb]jtf dWo / k"jL{ g]kfndf s'nb]jtfnfO{ jf/x 

di6f] eGGf] rng 5 . afx|efO di6f] eGbfeGb} jf/x di6f] elgPsf] x'g;Sg] ljrf/ 

8f ;"o{dl0f clwsf/Lsf] 5 . o;nfO{ dli6 klg eg]sf] kfOG5 . e]/L, ;]tL, 

s0ff{nL / dxfsfnL c~rnsf] hLjgdf di6fsf] dfGotf ;jf{ ]k/L /x]sf] kfOG5 . 

hxfF If]qLo 5fOnf], ToxfF d]/f] kfOnf] eGg] sygcg';f/ klZrdaf6 dWodf~rn 

/ k"j{lt/sf If]qLafx'gx¿n] s'nb]jtfsf] ¿kdf di6f]sf] k"hfcfhf ub{5g\ . o;n] 

v; ;+:s[ltnfO{ k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . 7s'/L, afx'g, If]qL, ;GGof;L, sfdL, bdfO{, 

;fsL{, uGwj{, jfbL, /fp6] / lzj k"hg ug{ ]x¿n] di6f]nfO{ dfG5g\ . 

8f ;"o{dl0f clwsf/Lsf] 5 . o;nfO{ dli6 klg 

eg]sf] kfOG5 . e]/L, ;]tL, s0ff{nL / dxfsfnL 

c~rnsf] hLjgdf di6fsf] dfGotf ;jf{ ]k/L 

/x]sf] kfOG5 . hxfF If]qLo 5fOnf], ToxfF 

d]/f] kfOnf] eGg] sygcg';f/ klZrdaf6 

dWodf~rn / k"j{lt/sf If]qLafx'gx¿n] 

s'nb]jtfsf] ¿kdf di6f]sf] k"hfcfhf 

ub{5g\ . o;n] v; ;+:s[ltnfO{ k|efj kf/]sf] 

5 . 7s'/L, afx'g, If]qL, ;GGof;L, sfdL, 

bdfO{, ;fsL{, uGwj{, jfbL, /fp6] / lzj k"hg 

ug{ ]x¿n] di6f]nfO{ dfG5g\ . 

di6fsf] pTklQ s]nfpg] xf] eg] 

…aflGgdi6f km'6], 90ff/ n'6]Ú eGg] hgsyg 

kfOG5 . oL b'j} 7fpF aemfË lhNnfdf 

kg{ ] ePsfn] di6fb]jtfsf] ynf]sf] ¿kdf 

b]vfk5{ . di6f b]jtfsf] xfFuflaFuf 5l/Fb} 

!@ j6f zfvfdf ljeflht ePsf] kfOG5 . 

aemfË 5aL;df afx| cËfn]sf] di6f] cyjf 

klZrd g]kfnsf] nf]s efiffdf afx|efO 

di6fsf] gfdfjnL 7fpFcg';f/ km/s km/s 

5 . h'Dnf, kf08';]/fdf clk di6f], vfk/ 

di6f], jflj/f] di6f], sfnf di6f], 9F8f/ di6f], 

sfjf di6f], d08nL di6f], bf8] di6f], bfx| 

di6f] gfdn] lrlgG5 . 9F8f/ di6f]nfO{ h]7f] 

di6f] dflgG5 . aemfËdf afGgL di6f] klxnf 

To;kl5 9F8f/ di6f]sf] klg pTklQ eof] eGg] 

klg egfO 5 . t/ 9F8f/ / afGgL di6f] 

Pp6} xf] eGg] klg egfO 5 . u'/f] di6f] / 

ljho di6f]nfO{ efO /fhf dflgG5 . u'/f] 

di6f]sf] d"n ynf] x'Dnf lhNnfsf] ;f]?b/f 

ufpFdf 5 . di6fnfO{ b]jLsf] ;]gfgL / cfÏgf] 

di6s yfk]/ /fIf;l;t n8]sfn] di6f] gfd 

/x]sf] klg elgG5 . h'Dnfsf] sfnLsf]6 j/fdf 

di6fnfO{ kf08jsf] cjtf/ klg dflgG5 . 

vfk/ di6f]nfO{ OGb|sf] 5f]/f klg elgG5 . 

di6f b]jtf r9]sf] wfdLsf] af]nL÷jf0fL 

b}jt'No dflgg] xF'bf pQm jf0fLnfO{ 

hgefiffdf a'emfpg / hgefiffdf ;f]lwPsf 

s'/fx¿ di6f b]jtfsxfF k'¥ofpg bf]efif]sf] 

cfjZostf kb{5 . di6f]n] klZrd g]kfnsf] 

v; ;+:s[ltdf ulx/f] k|efj kfb}{cfP klg 

k"j{ / dWo sfnsf s'g} klg clen]vdf 

:ki6;Fu o;sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] kfOFb}g . 

k[YjL dNnsf] ;+jt\ !#%^ sf] sygdf 

uf];fO{ zAbnfO{ di6f];Fu ;DalGwt u/fpg 

;lsG5 . aemfËsf] r}tnL d]nfdf æs;' s;' 

b]jn] pkfof] r}tn di6f uf];fO{, b]jn] OGb| 

r}tn kfO{Æ eGg] kmfu ufPsf] kfOG5 . ;'lt{ 

;fO{sf] ;+jt\ !%$& -O{ !^@$_ sf] Pp6f 

sfuhdf di6f] zAbsf] pNn]v 5 . o;}nfO{ 

ljåfgn] di6f]sf] ;a}eGbf k'/fgf] clen]v 

egL dfg]sf 5g\ .

n]Krf ;ª\u|xfno aGg] 

• hg;jfn ;+jfbbftf 

dª\unaf/]– nf]kf]Gd'v ;"rLdf 

;"rLs[t n]Krf hfltsf] afx'No /x]sf] 

Onfdsf] k"jL{ /f]ª ufpFkflnsfdf n]Krf 

;ª\u|xfno aGg] ePsf] 5 . n]Krf hfltsf] 

;+:s[lt emNsg] u/L ufpFkflnsfn] 

u'¿of]hgf agfP/ g} ;ª\u|xfno 

agfpg] 5 . ;ª\u|xfno lgdf{0fsf nflu 

tLg /f]kgL hUuf cfjZos kg{] ePsfn] 

hUuf Joj:yfkgsf] sfd eO/x]sf] 

ufpFkflnsfn] hgfPsf] 5 . o;}qmddf 

ufpFkflnsfsf] k|ltlglwd08nn] 

ef/tsf] sflnDkf]ªdf /x]sf] 

dfOnNofª n]Krf 8]enkd]G6 af]8{sf 

kbflwsf/L;Fu cGtlqm{of ugf{sf ;fy} 

n]Krf ;ª\u|xfno / n]Krf 3/af;sf] 

cjnf]sg tyf cWoog e|d0f ;DkGg 

u/]sf] 5 . 

ufpFkflnsfn] k]z u/]sf] 

u'¿of]hgf sfof{Gjog ub}{ n}hfg 

;ª\3Lo ;/sf/af6 ? Ps s/f]8 *) 

nfv ah]6 k|fKt ePsf] 5 . ah]6 

k|fKt ePkl5 u'¿of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf 

nflu s;/L sfd ug{ ;lsG5 eg]/ 

dfOnNofªsf] cWoog e|d0f ul/Psf] 

ufpFkflnsf cWoIf zDz]/ /fO{n] 

atfP . æef/tdf nfKrf -n]Kr]_ efiffsf] 

kf7Øk':ts tof/ eO{ pRr lzIff;Dd 

cWoog eO/x]sf] 5Æ, cWoIf /fO{n] 

eg], æToxLcg';f/ xfdLn] oxfF klg 

kf7Øqmd tof/ ug{ ;Sg] /x]5f}F .Æ e|d0f 

6f]nL / af]8{sf k|ltlglwaLr ePsf] 

e]6sf qmddf af]8{n] ufpFkflnsfnfO{ 

k|fl1s / k|fljlws ;xof]u ug]{ df}lvs 

;xdlt ePsf] ufpFkflnsf cWoIf 

/fO{n] atfP . 

g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt ah]6 

ufpFkflnsfn] /f]ª ufpFkflnsf–# 

sf] lhNaf]ªdf n]Krf ;ª\u|xfno 

lgdf{0f;lxt cGo If]qdf n]Krf hfltsf] 

;+/If0f / k|j4{gsflglDt u'¿of]hgfn] 

tf]s]cg';f/ vlr{g] of]hgf /x]sf] 

ufpFkflnsfsf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t 

l8sk|;fb bfxfnn] atfP . g]kfndf 

nf]kf]Gd'v hfltsf] ;"rLdf /x]sf] nfKrf 

hfltsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu ul/Psf] of] 

klxnf] / xfn;Ddsf] Ps dfq k|of; 

ePsf] pgsf] lhls/ 5 . e|d0f 

6f]nLdf ufpFkflnsf cWoIf zDz]/, 

;fdflhs ljsf; ;ldltsf ;+of]hs 

o'j/fh vfKt'jf /fO{, k|d'v k|zf;sLo 

clws[t bfxfn, lzIff tyf v]ns"b 

zfvf k|d'v /flwsf l3ld/], nfKrf 

pTyfg d~r g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf 

jL/axfb'/ nfKrf, nfKrf ;+:sf/sf 

af/]df hfgsf/ JolQm dgs'df/ n]Krf 

tyf nfKrf efifflnlk hfgsf/ bfjf 

n]Krfnufot /x]sf lyP . 

ufpFkflnsfsf] gfd g} nfKrf 

efiffaf6 /flvPsfn] ufpFkflnsfn] 

nfKrf ;+:sf/ ;+:s[ltsf] ;+/If0fsf 

nflu ljz]if sfd ug]{ of]hgf agfO{ 

sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf /x]sf] 5 . 

dlb/f tyf h'jftf; /f]Sg ;xdlt 

x]6f}F8f -h;_– dsjfgk'/ 

lhNnfsf] dgx/Ldf dlb/f tyf 

h'jftf; /f]Sg :yfgLojf;L 

;xdt ePsf] a'waf/ oxfF 

cfof]lht sfo{qmddf atfOPsf] 

5 . dgx/L ufpFkflnsfåf/f 

cfof]lht ufpF:t/Lo 

cGt/lqmofdf pQm ;xdlt ePsf] 

xf] . :yfgLo hgk|ltlglw, k|zf;g 

tyf a'l4hLjLsf] ;xeflutf 

ePsf] cGt/lqmofdf lx+;f / 

ljs[lt km}Nofpg] dlb/fhGo 

tyf h'jftf; /f]Sg k|lta4tf 

JoQm ul/Psf] xf] . ufpFkflnsfn] 

h'jftf; tyf dlb/fsf] ;d:of 

lgd"{n kfg{ ;fd'bflos k|x/L 

/ :yfgLo hgk|ltlglwsf] 

a]gLdf lgMz'Ns a[xt\ 

of]u lzlj/ z'? 

DofUbL -h;_– u08sL 

k|b]zsf] :jf:Yo hLjg 

cleofgcGtu{t a'waf/b]lv 

DofUbLsf] ;b/d'sfd a]gLdf 

lgMz'Ns a[xt\ of]u lzlj/ z'? 

ePsf] 5 . ;fdflhs ljsf; 

dGqfno / gjLg cfgGb of]u 

s]Gb|sf] cfof]hgfdf tLg lbg;Dd 

;~rfng x'g] lzlj/df of]ufEof;, 

ljz]if1 cfo'j]{b :jf:Yo pkrf/, 

dw'd]x, afy, d'6', lduf{}nf / 

df]6f]kgf;DaGwL /Qm k/LIf0f 

;]jf klg lbOg] ePsf] 5 . 

lzlj/sf] 

pb\3f6g 

sfo{qmddf ;fdflhs ljsf;dGqL 

g/b]jL k'gn] g;g]{ /f]usf] hf]lvd 

Go'gLs/0fsf nflu of]ufEof;nfO{ 

cfd gful/ssf] kx'Fr;Dd 

k'¥ofpg'kg]{ atfP . g;g]{ /f]uaf6 

aRgsf nflu :j:y hLjgz}nL, 

vfgkfg / of]ufEof; cfjZos 

/x]sf] pgsf] egfO lyof] . 

anfTsf/sf] cf/f]kdf 

tfdfª kqmfp 

eb|k'/ -h;_– emfkf sdn 

ufpFkflnsf–@ ;dou9df @) 

jifL{of o'jtLnfO{ hah{:tL 

s/0fL u/]sf] cf/f]kdf k|x/Ln] 

Ps hgfnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . 

kqmfp kg]{df :yfgLojf;L $@ 

jifL{o zDz]/ tfdfª /x]sf] lhNnf 

k|x/L sfof{no emfkfn] hgfPsf] 

5 . 3/ glhs}sf] ds}af/Ldf 

nu]/ dª\unaf/ /flt * ah] 

hah{:tL s/0fL u/]sf] o'jtLsf 

a'afn] lbPsf] ph'/Lsf cfwf/df 

k|x/Ln] tfdfªnfO{ k|qmfp u/]sf] 

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no emfkfsf 

k|jQmf dx]Gb|s'df/ >]i7n] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

rGb ;d"xsf tLg 

kqmfp 

/fFemf -h;_– lhNnf k|x/L 

sfof{no afFs]n] g]qljqmd rGb 

g]t[Tjsf] ;d"xsf tLg hgfnfO{ 

lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] 5 . ;f]daf/ 

/ dª\unaf/ u/L tLg hgfnfO{ 

lgoGq0fdf lnOPsf] lhNnf k|x/L 

sfof{no afFs]sf k|x/L pk/LIfs 

c?0f kf}8]nn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

;dGjodf gf} j6f j8fdf dlb/f 

tyf h'jftf;lj?4 cleofg 

;~rfng ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] 

xf] . dlb/f / h'jftf;af6 

afnaflnsf lalu|g], em}emu8f 

x'g], kfl/jfl/s snx pTkGg 

x'g]h:tf ;fdflhs ljs[lt a9\g] 

ePsfn] To;nfO{ /f]Sg pQm 

sfo{qmd ul/Psf] ufpFkflnsfsf 

pkfWoIf dlgnf lji6n] atfP . 

;ª\u|xfnodf n]Krf hfltn] k|of]u ug{] 

ljleGg ;fdu|L /xg]5g\ . ;ª\u|xfnodf 

nfKrf hfltsf] j]ze"iff, pgLx¿n] 

k|of]u ug{] u/]sf] ;fdu|L cflb 

/xg] ufpFkflnsfn] hgfPsf] 5 . /f]ª 

ufpFkflnsfsf 5 j6} j8fdf @#$ 

3/w'/L nfKrf kl/jf/ a;f]jf; u5{g\ . 

tYofª\sfg';f/ /f]ª ufpFkflnsfdf 

%#& k'¿if / %@# hgf dlxnf u/L 

Ps xhf/ ^) hg;ª\Vof 5 . g]kfndf 

/x]sf] nfKrfsf] hg;ª\Vofsf] @*=() 

k|ltzt nfKrf oxL ufpFkflnsfdf 

a;f]jf; ug{] u/]sf] tYofª\s 5 . 

j8f sfof{nosf nflu hUuf 

/f]ª ufpFkflnsf–$ j8f sfof{no 

lgdf{0fsf nflu :yfgLo ;dfh;]jLn] 

s/La ? @) nfv d"No a/fa/sf] 

tLg /f]kgL hUuf bfg u/]sf 5g\ . 

;fljs sf]Na'ªsf xf]daxfb'/ lnDa" / 

nLnfaxfb'/ lnDa"n] lgMz'Ns hUuf bfg 

lbg'ePsf] xf] . xf]daxfb'/ lnDa"n] b'O{ 

/ nLnfaxfb'/ lnDa"n] Ps /f]kgL hUuf 

bfg lbg'ePsf] j8fWoIf ;"o{axfb'/ /fO{n] 

atfP . hUuf ufpFkflnsfsf gfddf 

/lhi6«]zg kf;;d]t ul/;lsPsf] 

pgn] hfgsf/L lbP . k|fKt hUufdf 

k|fljlws 6f]nL kl/rfng u/]/ hdLg 

;Dofpg] tyf gfkgSzf tof/ ul/g] 

j8fWoIf /fO{n] atfP . lj;+ @)^* 

sf] hgu0fgfg';f/ g]kfndf tLg xhf/ 

$$% n]Krf 5g\ . n]Krf hfltn] a'4 

wd{ dfGg] u/]sf] 5 . 

df]km;n 

@) nfv lnP/ 

;+:yf km/f/ 

8f]6L -h;_– k'/fgf] If]qLo ;b/d'sfd 

lbkfondf Ps ;+:yf :yfgLojf;Lsf nfvfF} /sd 

lnP/ km/f/ ePsf] 5 . ut h]7df lbkfondf 

If]qLo sfof{no vf]n]sf] s0ff{nL Pu|LsNr/ 

8]enkd]G6 g]kfnn] ;'b"/klZrd k|b]zsf kxf8L 

lhNnf c5fd, a}t8L, afh'/f, aemfª / 8f]6Laf6 

? !( nfv ($ xhf/ @)) lnP/ km/f/ ePsf] 

:yfgLojf;Lsf] cf/f]k 5 . oxfFsf kxf8L lhNnfdf 

ljleGg art ;d"x agfO{ pQm ;+:yfn] c5fdaf6 

? b'O{ nfv #) xhf/ ^)), a}t8Laf6 ? tLg nfv 

^ xhf/ *)), aemfªaf6 ? rf/ nfv #% xhf/ 

%)), afh'/faf6 ? tLg nfv !$ xhf/ $)) 

tyf 8f]6Laf6 ? ;ft nfv ^ xhf/ ()) nu]/ 

km/f/ ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

pQm ;+:yfn] oxfFsf lhNnfdf Aofh tyf 

C0f ;xof]u lbg] eGb} art ;d"x agfO{ k|To]s 

;d"xdf cfa4 ;b:oaf6 dfl;s ? b'O{ xhf/sf 

b/n] p7fpFb} cfPsf] lyof] . pBf]u jfl0fHo ;ª\3sf 

cWoIf df]xgaxfb'/ sn]nn] /sd ;ª\sng u/]/ 

;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L km/f/ ePsf] atfP . pgn] 

eg],æ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L slt a]nf km/f/ eP s;}n] 

kQf nufpg ;s]gf} F, ;+:yfsf] af]8{ em'08ØfPsf] 5, 

kl5 a'em\bf yfxf eof], sd{rf/L efu] eGg] .Æ 

;+:yfsf sd{rf/L /sd lnP/ km/f/ ePsf 

ljifodf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf clxn];Dd s'g} 

klg ph"/L gk/]sf] k|x/L k|d'v ljBfgGb dfemLn] 

atfP . pgn] eg],æ/sd lnP/ ;+:yf efUof] eGg] 

;'Ggdf cfPsf] 5 t/ ph"/L s;}n] lbPsf] 5}g .Æ 

km/f/ ePsf pQm ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Ln] :yfgLojf;L 

bL3{/fh /f0ffsf] 3/ ef8f;d]t glt/]sf] atfOPsf] 

5 . pQm ;+:yfsf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no g]kfnu~hdf 

/x]sf] / ;+:yfsf cWoIf e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]kdf 

sf/fuf/ k/]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

vfnL hUuf cltqmd0f ug{] vf]Hg] nv]l6P 

;Kt/L -h;_– ;Kt/Lsf] sf]zL 6Kk' jGohGt' 

cf/Ifleqsf] vfnL hUuf cltqmd0f ug{ cfPsf 

;ofF}+ dflg;nfO{ k|x/Ln] rf/ /fp08 c>' Uof; k|xf/ 

u/L a'waf/ nv]6]sf] 5 . s~rg?k gu/kflnsf ! 

j}/jf ghLs cf/Ifsf] hUufdf 3/ agfpg ljleGg 

lhNnfaf6 cfPsf s/La kfFr ;o dflg; nv]l6Psf 

x'g\ . 306f}F;Dd vfnL ug{ ;DemfpFbf gdfg]kl5 

k|x/Ln] c>' Uof; k|xf/ u/L cf/Ifaf6 pgLx¿nfO{ 

nv]6]sf] ;Kt/L k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . pgLx¿n] 

ghLs}sf] dfgj j:tLdf cf>o lnPsf 5g\ . 

;f] qmddf dª\uf]lnog g]zgn cu{gfOh]zgsf 

zlQm rflDnª /fO{;lxtnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] 

;z:q k|x/L pk/LIfs v]d yfkfn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . cu{gfOh]zg k|b]z g+ @ sf O~rfh{ /fO{sf] 

cu'jfOdf ;'s'Daf;L a:tL a;fpg pgLx¿ cfPsf 

x'g\ . ;/sf/n] hUuf afFl8/x]sf] e|d lkmhfpFb} 

;'s'Daf;LnfO{ pQm If]qdf af]nfOPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . 

cu{gfOh]zgn] g} hUuf ljt/0f eO/x]sf] xNnf 

km}nfP/ dflg; hDdf ug{ nufPsf] kfOPsf] k|d'v 

lhNnf clwsf/L ;'/]Gb| kf}8]nn] atfP . 



ljb]z 

?;, e]g]h'PnfaLr 

@) j6f ;Demf}tfsf] tof/L 

sf/fsf; -PPgcfO{_– ?; / e]g]h'PnfaLr 

pmhf{ / lzIff ;d]tsf ljleGg If]qdf 

;xof]u;DaGwL @) j6f ljifodf ;Demf}tf 

x'g nfu]sf] e]g]h'Pnfsf /fi6«klt lgsf]nf; 

db'/f]n] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . æclk|ndf ?; / 

e]g]h'PnfaLr cGt/;/sf/L ;xof]u;DaGwL 

pRr:t/Lo sfo{bnsf] a}7s a:b}5 . a}7sn] 

cfly{s, Jofkfl/s, ;f+:s[lts, pmhf{ / 

lzIff;DaGwL @) j6f b:tfj]hdf x:tfIf/ 

x'g]5,Æ ?;L ;dfrf/ ;ldlt tf;;Fusf] 

cGtjf{tf{df /fi6«klt db'/f]n] atfpg'eof] . b'O{ 

j6f ?;L ;}lgs ljdfg !)) ;}lgssf ;fy 

e]g]h'Pnfsf] sf/fsf; pq]sf] ef]lnkN6} /fi6«klt 

db'/f]sf] o:tf] egfO{ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] xf] . 

/fi6«klt db'/f]n] cd]l/sL g]t[Tjdf cfPsf] 

elgPsf] dfgjLo ;xfotf ægSsnLÆ eGb} ?;n] 

jf:tljs dfgjLo ;xfotf k7fPsfdf ?;nfO{ 

wGojfb lbg'eof] . æb'O{ ;ftfcl3 s}of}+ 6g 

;xfotf ;fdu|L ?;af6 cfOk'Uof] . ;xof]usf] 

csf]{ v]k klg k|fKt x'g] cfzf u/]sf 5f}+, / 

xfdLnfO{ ;a}eGbf a9L cfjZostf cf}iflwsf] 

xf] .Æ ut ;ftf /fi6«klt db'/f]n] ?;af6 cf}iflw 

k|fKt x'g] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] . ut km]a|'c/Ldf 

sf]nlDaof;Fusf] ;Ldfdf cnkq k/]sf] dfgjLo 

;xfotf ;fdu|L /fi6«klt db'/f]n] /f]lslbg'ePsf] 

5 . pxfFn] csf]{ cfb]z geP;Dd a|flhn;Fusf] 

;Ldf klg aGb ug{ cfb]z lbg'ePsf] 5 . ut 

hgj/Ldf ljkIfL g]tf x'Fjf u'PObf]n] cfkm"nfO{ 

d'n'ssf] cflwsfl/s /fi6«klt 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 

e]g]h'Pnfdf cfly{s tyf /fhgLlts ;ª\s6 

pTkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+o'Qm/fHo cd]l/sf ;lxt 

clwsf+z o'/f]k]nL /fi6«x?n] u'PObf]nfO{ cGtl/d 

/fi6«kltsf ?kdf dfGotf lbPsf 5g\ t/ ?;, 

rLg, 6sL{ ;d]tsf s]xL b]zn] db'/f]nfO{ ;dy{g 

hgfPsf 5g\ . 

/fi6«klt db'/f]n] cd]l/sfn] u'PObf]sf] 

cf8df cfkm"nfO{ ;QfRo"t ug{ nfluk/]sf] 

cf/f]k nufpFb} cfpg'ePsf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o 

;d'bfon] tTsfn e]g]h'Pnfdf lgjf{rg 

u/fpg'kg]{ dfu ul//x]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sfn] 

e]g]h'Pnfdfly bafa l;h{gf ug{ cfly{s 

k|ltaGw 3f]if0ff ug'{sf ;fy} e]g]h'Pnfsf] /fHo 

lgolGqt t]n sDkgL lkl8leP;P;Fu OGwg 

vl/b gug]{ hgfPsf] 5 .

{ 



v]ns'b÷dgf ]/~hg 

lbNnL Soflk6N; r]GgO{;Fu k/flht 

• hg;jfn ;dfrf/bftf 

sf7df8f}F– cfOlkPn cGtu{t 

lbNnL Soflk6N; cfÏgf] bf];|f] v]ndf 

k/fhlt ePsf] 5 . d+unaf/ /ftL 

ePsf] v]ndf lbNnL Soflk6N; r]GgO{ 

;'k/ ls+U;;Fu ^ ljs]6n] k/flht ePsf] 

xf] . lbNnLn] lbPsf] !$* /g k5fPsf] 

r]GgO{n] !(=$ cf]e/df $ ljs]6 u'dfpb} 

nIo k'/f u/]sf] lyof] . r]GgO{sf nflu 

z]g jf6zgn] ;jf{lws $$ /g agfPsf 

lyP . To:t} dx]Gb| l;+x wf]gLn] #@, ;'/]z 

/}gfn] #) tyf s]bf/ hfben] @* /g 

agfPsf lyP . lbNnLsf an/ cldt 

ld>fn] @ ljs]6 lnP eg] OzfGt zdf{ / 

sfuL;f] /fa8fn] Ps Ps ljs]6 lnP . 

lbNnLsf nflu cldt ld>fn] $ 

cf]e/df #% /g lbP/ @ ljs]6 lnP eg] 

OzfGt zdf{n] # cf]e/df @* /g lbP/ 

Ps ljs]6 lnP . To:t} suL;f] /fa8fn] 

#=$ cf]e/df @^ /g lbP/ Ps ljs]6 

lnP . To:t} cS;/ k6]nn] $ cf]e/df 

!^ /g lbP eg] /fx'n 6]jfltofn] @ 

cf]e/df @) /g lbP . To:t} lsdf] 

kfpnn] # cf]e/df @) /g lbP . o;cl3 

6; lht]/ klxnf Aofl6+u u/]sf] lbNnLn] 

@) cf]e/df ^ ljs]6 u'dfpb} !$& /g 

agfPsf] lyof] . 

lbNnLsf nflu lzv/ wjgn] 

;jf{lws %! /g agfP eg] l/ifj kGtn] 

@% /g agfP . To:t} k[YjL zfn] @$ 

/g agfP eg] sKtfg >]o; co/n] !* 

/g agfP . lbNnLsf sf]lng OGu|fd @, 

sLdf] kfpn z'Go /gdf cfp6 ePsf 

lyP . To:t} cS;/ k6]nn] cljlht ( 

tyf /fx'n 6]jfltofn] !! /g agfPsf 

lyP . To:t} r]GgO{sf an/ 8jfg] a|fef]n] 

# ljs]6 lnP eg] Od/fg tflx/, lbks 

rx/ / /ljGb| h8]hfn] Ps Ps ljs]6 

lnPsf lyP . o; v]ndf lbNnLn] g]kfnL 

o'jf n]u l:kg/ ;GbLk nfld5fg]nfO{ 

df}sf lbPsf] lyPg . klxnf] v]ndf 

v]n]sf] l6ddf lbNnLn] lta| ultsf an/ 

6«]G6 af]N6sf] 7fpdf cg'ejL l:kg/ 

cldt ld>fnfO{ v]nfPsf] lyof] . lbNnL 

Soflk6N;n] clxn];Dd v]n]sf b'O{ 

v]ndf Psdf lht / Psdf xf/ a]xf]/]sf] 

5 . lbNnLn] ca cfufdL zlgaf/ cfÏg} 

3/]n' d}bfg sf]6nfdf sf]nsf]tf 

gfO6/fO8;{lj?4 v]Nb} 5 . 

d}qLk"0f{ v]ndf ch]{lG6gf / a|flhn ljhoL 

sf7df8f}+ -Ph]G;L_– ljZj km'6ansf 

rlr{t b]z ch]{lG6gf / a|flhnn] d}qLk"0f{ 

v]ndf ljhoL ePsf 5g\ . d+unaf/ 

/flt ePsf] v]ndf ch]{lG6gfn] lnof]gn 

d]:;Llag} df]/f]Ssf]nfO{ !–) uf]nn] 

x/fof] . csf]{ v]ndf a|flhnn] r]s 

l/klAnsnfO{ #–! uf]nn] :tAw agfof] . 

df]/f]Ssf]sf] 3/]n' d}bfgdf ePsf] v]ndf 

ch]{lG6gfnfO{ lhtfpg PGhn sf]/]/fn] 

v]nsf] clGtd ;dodf uf]n u/]sf 

lyP . *# cf}+ ldg]6df j}slNks v]nf8L 

sf]/]/fn] u/]sf] uf]n 6f]nLsf] lhtdf 

k|ofKt aGof] . pgL ^@ cf}+ ldg]6df 

/f]l8«uf] l8 kpnsf] :yfgdf d}bfg 

l5/]sf lyP . gf} dlxgfkl5 6f]nLdf 

kmls{Psf d]:;L e]g]h'Pnflj?4sf] 

cl3Nnf] v]ndf v]n]sf lyP . pgL 3fOt] 

ePsfn] df]/f]Ssf]lj?4 v]Ng ;s]gg\ . 

e]g]h'Pnflj?4sf] v]ndf ch]{lG6gf #–! 

u]nn] k/flht ePsf] lyof] . 

o;}u/L a|flhnsf] lhtdf Uofla|on 

lh;;n] b'O{ tyf /f]a6f]{ lkmld{Gxf]n] Ps 

uf]n u/] . v]ndf ;'?jftL cu|tf 3/]n' 

6f]nL r]s l/klAnsn] lnPsf] lyof] . 

#& cf}+ ldg]6df 8]la8 kfe]Nsn] uf]n 

ub}{ 3/]n' 6f]nLsf] pT;fx hufP . klxnf] 

xfkmdf kl5 k/]sf] a|fhLn bf];|f] xfkmdf 

cfqmfds b]lvPsf] lyof] . a|flhnsf 

/f]a6f]{ lkmld{Gxf]n] $( cf} ldg]6df 

a/fa/L uf]n kmsf{P . To;kl5 Uofla|on 

lh;;n] *# cf}+ / () cf}+ ldg]6df b'O{ 

uf]n ub}{ a|flhnnfO{ ;lhn} lhtfP . 

Pyn]l6S; ;+3 

lgnDagdf kg{;Sg] 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– OG6/g]zgn Pzf]l;Pzg 

ckm Pyn]l6S; km]8]/];g -cfOPPPkm_ n] g]kfn 

Pyn]l6S; ;‹nfO{ lgnDagsf] r]tfjgL lbPsf] 

5 . cfOPPPkmn] o'jf tyf v]ns"b dGqfnonfO{ 

kqrf/ ub}{ g]kfn Pyn]l6S; ;‹n] ;dod} 

lgjf{rg ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f b]vfpFb} lgnDag 

ug]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf] dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 

5 . cfOPPPkmn] ut dfr{ !% df u/]sf] 

kqfrf/df g]kfn Pyn]l6S; ;‹n] Ps jif{;Dd 

gofF g]t[Tjsf nflu lgjf{rg ug{ g;s]sf] :d/0f 

u/fpFb} cfOPPPkmsf] ljwfg ldlrPsf] pNn]v 

u/L lgnDagsf] r]tfjgL lbPsf] xf] . 

kqdf l56f] lgjf{rg gu/fOP lgnDag 

ug{'sf ;fy} cGt/f{li6«o, If]qLo / dxfb]zLo 

k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng;d]t jl~rt ul/g] pNn]v 

5 . Pyn]l6S; ;‹sf cWoIf /fhLj ljqmd zfxn] 

kq cfPsf] k'li6 ub}{ rfF8f]eGbf rfF8f] ;‹sf] 

lgjf{rg ug]{ atfP . cWoIf zfxsf] rf/ jif]{ 

sfo{sfn @)&% ;fpgd} ;lsPsf] lyof] . ut 

h]7df a;]sf] ;‹sf] sfo{;ldlt a}7sn] ;fpg 

@( ut] lrtjgsf] ;f}/fxdf lgjf{rg ug]{ lg0f{o 

u/]sf] lyof] . Plzog u]D;sf] tof/Ldf /x]sf] 

eGb} /fli6«o v]ns"b kl/ifb\ -/fv]k_n] lgjf{rg 

/f]Sg kq k7fPkl5 ebf} @@ ut]sf nflu lgjf{rg 

;fl/Psf] lyof] . oBlk Tolta]nf klg lgjf{rg 

x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . /fv]kn] cg'dlt glbFbf tyf 

cfGtl/s ljjfbsf sf/0f clxn];Dd lgjf{rg x'g 

;s]sf] 5}g . 

clGtd v]ndf g]kfn k/flht 

sf7df8f} + -h;_– @# jif{d'lgsf] PPkm;L 

-o"–@#_ RoflDkogl;k 5gf]6 r/0fsf] clGtd 

v]ndf g]kfn k/flht ePsf] 5 . stf/sf] 

bf]xfl:yt :kf]6{; l;6L ;]G6/df uP /flt ePsf] 

v]ndf g]kfn ckmuflg:tfg;Fu @–) uf]n cGt/n] 

k/flht ePsf] xf] . 5gf]6 r/0fdf g]kfnsf] of] t];|f] 

xf/ xf] . ;d"x …PÚdf /x]sf] g]kfn lhtljxLg /Xof] 

/ cÍtflnsfsf] clGtd :yfgdf /xFb} k|ltof]lutf 

6'Ë\ofof] . o;cl3 g]kfn klxnf] v]ndf cf]dfg;Fu 

!–) uf]n cGt/n] k/flht ePsf] lyof] eg] bf];|f] 

v]ndf stf/;Fu %–) sf] xf/ Joxf]/]sf] lyof] . 

ckmuflg:tfgsf] lhtdf ;f]nf]df]g ;fx / 

cxd]b cf]d|fgn] Ps–Ps uf]n u/] . v]nsf] @$ cf}F 

ldg]6df ;f]nf]df]gn] uf]n ub}{ ckmuflg:tfgnfO{ 

;'¿jftL cu|tf lbnfP . To:t} v]nsf] klxnf] 

xfkmsf] #$ cf}F ldg]6df cxd]bn] uf]n ub}{ 

ckmuflg:tfgnfO{ @–) sf] ;xh lht lbnfP . 

To:t} ;d"x …PÚaf6 cfof]hs stf/ zLif{:yfgdf 

/xFb} yfONof08df csf]{ jif{ cfof]hgf x'g] 

PPkm;L o"–@# RoflDkogl;kdf 5gf]6 ePsf] 5 . 

d+unaf/ /flt g} ePsf] stf/ / cf]dgaLrsf] 

v]n b'O{–b'O{ uf]nsf] a/fa/Ldf /f]lsPkl5 stf/ 

uf]n cGt/sf cfwf/df ;d"xsf] zLif{:yfgdf /xFb} 

RoflDogl;ksf nflu 5gf]6 ePsf] xf] . 

o'PO{sf ] ‘g;f g]kfnL nf]s bf]xf]/L ;f“em’df 

rlr{t snfsf/ ab|L kFu]gLn] k|:t'lt lbb}+ 

oxL z'qmaf/ / zlgjf/ kFu]gL;Fu} /Dg ;lsg] 

o'PO{ -h;_– o'PO{sf] …g;f g]kfnL 

nf]s bf]xf]/L ;fFemdf rlr{t snfsf/ 

ab|L kFu]gLn] k|:t'lt lbg] ePsf 5g\ . 

o'PO{sf] cnkmfO{bLdf /x]sf g;f g]kfnL 

nf]s bf]xf]/L ;fFem /]:6'/]G6 P08 af/df 

oxL z'qmaf/ / zlgjf/ kFu]gL;Fu} /Dg 

;lsg] ;~rfns lagf]b v8\sfn] atfP . 

kFu]gL g]kfns} rlr{t nf]sbf]xf]/L ufossf 

?kdf kl/lrt 5g\ eg] xfn pgL /fli6«o 

nf]sbf]xf]/L k|lti7fgsf cWoIf klg 5g\ . 

;~rfns v8\sfn] cfkm\gf] bf]xf]/L ;fFem 

tyf /]i6'/fFdf lgoldt ?kdf /fli6«o tyf 

rlr{t snfsf/x/ af]nfP/ lab]zL e"lddf 

g]kfnLx?nfO{ e/k"/ dgf]/~hg lbnfpg] 

atfP . 

g]kfnL vfgfsf] ;fy} uLt ;+uLtn] 

g]kfnLx?sf] ;]jf k|bfg ug{ …g;f g]kfnL 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– lgdf{tf 

lgb]{zs czf]s zdf{n] 

…ho ef]n]Úkl5 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 

lkmNd …/ftf] 6Lsf lgwf/dfÚdf 

cleg]qL gLtf 9'Ëfgfsf] klg 

clego /xg] ePsf] 5 . 

lkmNdsf lgb]{zs zdf{n] cfÏgf] 

gofF lkmNdsf nflu gLtf 

kmfOgn ePsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 

x'g\ . zdf{n] ;f]djf/ gLtfnfO{ 

lkmNdsf nflu kmfOgn 

u/]sf x'g\ . gLtf snfsf/ 

/laGb| emfsf] lx/f]Ogsf] ?kdf 

nf]s bf]xf]/L ;fFem /]:6'/]G6 P08 af/Ú 

;~rfngdf NofPsf] bf]xf]/L ;fFemsf 

;~rfns lagf]b v8\sfn] atfP . /f]huf/sf] 

l;nl;nfdf o'PO{df /xb} cfPsf lagf]b 

v8\sf / k|lag tfdfªn] bf]xf]/L ;fFem 

tyf /]:6'/]G6 ;+rfngdf NofPsf x'g\ . 

o'PO{df /x]sf ;a} ju{sf g]kfnLsf ;fy} 

cGo lab]zLnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ pQm 

/]:6'/]G6 ;~rfngdf NofO{Psf] ;+rfns 

v8\sfn] atfP . 

bf]xf]/L ;fFemdf g]kfnaf6} cfPsf 

snfsf/x?n] nf]sbf]xf]/L, nf]suLt, 

kkuLt, cfw'lgs, b]p8f tyf ljleGg 

efiffefifLsf uLt / g[Tox? k|bz{g 

ul/ kfx'gfsf] dg lhTg] sf]l;; 

ul/Psf] 5 . o'PO{sf] j/b'aO{df Ps / 

cnkmfO{lbdf Ps u/L hDdf b'O{ bf]xf]/L 

;fFem ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g . bf]xf]/L 

;fFemdf gf/fo0f Gof}kfg], 3ljGb| /fgf, 

lrh u'?ª, lnnf/fd ;'l:nª, lgzfg 

rf}w/L, ;fw'/fd /f]sf, clDasf k'g, 

;'zLnf u'?ª, k|ltef ;fksf]6f, k"l0f{df 

u'?ª, /l~htf tfdfªnufotsf snfsf/n] 

kfx'gfnfO{ dgf]/~hg k|bfg ug]{ u5{g . 

zdf{sf] …/ftf] 6Lsf lgwf/dfÚ gLtf 

kmfOgn ePsL x'g\ . lkmNdsf 

nflu d'Vo cleg]tf–cleg]qL 

eg] cem} kmfOgn x'g afFsL 

/x]sf] zdf{n] atfP . 

a}zfvsf] clGtd ;ftfaf6 

5fofFsgdf lgl:sg] atfOPsf] 

lkmNddf gLtf / /laGb| afx]s 

a'l4 tfdfª, hogGb nfdf, 

/fhf/fd kf}8]n, lzjx/L 

kf}8]n, nIdL lu/Lsf] klg 

clego /xg]5 . bzs cufl8 

k|bz{gdf cfPsf] zdf{ lgb]{lzt 

lkmNd …cNnf/]Údf ;dfj]z 

…/ftf] l6sf lgwf/dfÚaf]nsf] 

uLtsf] gfdaf6 zdf{n] lkmNd 

agfpg nfu]sf x'g\ . of] 

lkmNddf cleg]tf /fh]z xdfn 

/ cleg]qL sl/:df dfgGw/sf] 

clego /x]sf] lyof] . lkmNdsf] 

Ps uLtdf /fh]z / sl/:df 

klg v]nfpg] ;f]rdf zdf{ 

/x]sf 5g\ . o;}aif{ …ho ef]n]Ú 

dfkm{t\ lgdf{0f / lgb]{zgdf !@ 

aif{kl5 sdAofs u/]sf zdf{ 

kl5Nnf] ;do l8l;Pgdf 

;lqmo lyP . 

/]i6'/]G6 x/]s lbg laxfg !! b]vL csf]{+ 

lbg laxfg # ah];Dd v'N5 . ;fFem &M#) 

b]vL g]kfnL uLt ;+lutsf] ;'?jft;lxt 

z'? x'g] bf]xf]/L ;fFemdf csf]{ lbg laxfg 

laxfg # ah];Dd ;+uLtdo jftfj/0fdf 

/Dg ;lsG5 . laxfg !! ah]b]vL laleGg 

g]kfnL kl/sf/ h:t} dd, rfpldg, y'Skf, 

g]kfnL ysfnL yfnL ;]6, vfhf ;]6 

nufot kfx'gfx?sf] /f]hfO{sf] kl/sf/ 

/]i6'/]G6n] kl:sg] u/]sf] 5 . 

o'PO{sf] s]Gb| dflgg] j/b'aO{sf] 

cnkmfO{bL glhs} xf]6]n ODk]l/on 

:jL6sf] cufl8 g;f g]kfnL bf]xf]/L ;fFem 

v'n]sf] xf] . /]i6' '/]G6df ljleGg lsl;dsf 

g]kfnL kl/sf/x? kfpg'sf ;fy} g]kfnL 

nf]s bf]xf]/L ufos uflosfx?sf] :j/ 

;'Gg ;lsg]5 . ;fFemdf 3lGsg] bf]xf]/L 

tyf gfrn] w]/} g]kfnLx?nfO dgf]/~hg 

lbg] u/]sf] 5 . ;~rfns v8\sf eG5g\– 

…bf]xf]/Ldf cfkm'n] cg'/f]w u/]sf] uLt ;'Gg 

kfO{g'sf ;fy} cfkm'n] rfx]sf] lut ufpg 

nufO{ p7]/ gfRg;d]t kfO{G5 . g]kfnLnfO{ 

ljz'4 dgf]/~hg k|bfg ug] { / cfÏgf] snf 

;+:s[ltnfO{ k|j4{g ug] { ePsfn] xfdLn] of] 

/]i6'/]06 tyf bf]xf]/L ;fFem vf]n]sf xf} .Ú 

bf]xf]/L ;fFemdf g]kfnaf6} cfPsf snfsf/ 

x?n] nf]suLt, kkuLt, cfw'lgs, b]p8f 

tyf x/]s hfthfltsf uLtx? k|:t't ub} 

bz{s >f]tfsf] dg lhTg ;kmn ePsf] 5 .

nufgL ;Dd]ngn] cf}Bf]lus pGgogdf 

pmhf{ yKg] lghL If]qsf] ljZjf; 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–g]kfnnfO{ 

nufgLsf] cfsif{s uGtJosf 

?kdf k|j4{g ug]{ p2]Zon] 

o;};ftf /fhwfgLdf cfof]hgf 

x'g nfu]sf] nufgL ;Dd]ngaf6 

b]zsf] cf}Bf]lus pGgogdf 

pmhf{ yKg] ljZjf; lghL 

If]qsf pBdL Joj;foLn] JoQm 

u/]sf 5g\ . ;‹Lotf;lxtsf] 

gofF ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog;Fu} 

d'n'ssf] Oltxf;df klxnf]k6s 

l:y/ ;/sf/ u7g ePsf] 

kl/k|]Ifodf x'g nfu]sf] 

nufgL ;Dd]ngnfO{ pgLx¿n] 

;d[l4tkm{sf] casf] ofqfdf 

;xof]uL dfWod aGg;Sg] 

atfPsf 5g\ . cg'ej, ;Lk / 

bIftf cfbfgk|bfg / pBf]usf 

nflu bL3{sfnLg ?kdf k"FhL 

h'6fpg cfof]hgf ePsf] nufgL 

;Dd]ngnfO{ pgLx¿n] :j0f{ 

cj;/sf] ;+1f lbPsf 5g\ . 

g]kfn pBf]u jfl0fHo 

dxf;‹sf cWoIf ejfgL /f0ffn] 

:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL nufgL 

cfslif{t ug{ tyf :jb]zdf 

g} w]/}eGbf w]/} /f]huf/Lsf 

cj;/ ;[hgfsf lglDt gLltut 

Pj+ k|lqmofut ;'wf/ ub}{ 

nufgLsf] jftfj/0f tof/ ug{ 

;/sf/L:t/af6 ePsf k|of;sf] 

;/fxgf ul/g\ . …;d[4 g]kfn, 

;'vL g]kfnLÚ sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ 

d"t{?k lbg jt{dfg ;/sf/sf 

k|d'vaf6 ePsf] cys k|of;, 

To;df lghL–;fj{hlgs If]qn] 

b]vfPsf] tTk/tfn] ;sf/fTds 

kl/0ffd b]vfPsf] pgsf] 7DofO 

5 . ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj lnPsf] 

lbgb]lv g} b]zsf] cfly{s 

ljsf;nfO{ s]G›df /fv]/ :jb]zL 

tyf ljb]zL nufgLstf{nfO{ 

kof{Kt k|ltkmn k|fKt x'g] If]qdf 

9'Ss eP/ nufgL ug{ cfXjfg 

u/]sf k|wfgdGqL cf]nLn] 

;w};w} ;a}nfO{ emSemSofO 

/x]sf] cWoIf /f0ff :d/0f 

ul/g\ . 

…8fef];\ xf];\ jf 

Go"of]s{ ljb]z e|d0fsf qmddf 

k|wfgdGqLn] g]kfndf nufgL 

ug{ u/]sf] cfXjfgn] g]kfnsf] 

lghL If]q pT;flxt 5,Ú pgL 

elG5g\ . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] 

cfof]hgf tyf g]kfn pBf]u 

jfl0fHo dxf;‹, g]kfn pBf]u 

kl/;‹ / g]kfn r]Da/ ckm 

sd;{;Fusf] ;xof]udf oxL 

z'qmaf/ / zlgaf/ x'g] 

;Dd]ngdf pmhf{, ;"rgf tyf 

;~rf/ k|ljlw, pBf]u, ko{6g, 

ef}lts k"jf{wf/, s[lif tyf jg 

k}bfj/df cfwfl/t pBf]unufot 

&& j6f kl/of]hgfdf nufgL 

h'6fpg] k|of; x'g]5 . ljB't\ 

pTkfbg, ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ 

k|ljlwdfkm{t …l8lh6nÚ cy{ 

Joj:yf lgdf{0f, dgf]/~hg 

tyf tLyf{6gsf nflu ko{6sLo 

uGtJo lgdf{0f, lbuf] oftfoft 

k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f, s[lif tyf 

jghGo pTkfbgdf nufgLsf] 

cj;/ / g]kfndf nufgLsf] 

cg'ejsf ;fy} nufgLdf 

cGt/f{li6«o cg'ej cfbfgk|bfg 

;Dd]ngdf x'g] ljifoaf6 

cfkm"x¿ pT;flxt ePsf] g]kfn 

r]Da/ ckm sdz{sf cWoIf 

/fh]zsfhL >]i7 atfpF5g\ . 

…nufgL ;Dd]ngk|lt 

ljb]zLn] cle?lrsf ;fy 

x]/]sf 5g\ . $) b]zsf ^)) 

nufgLstf{n] ;Dd]ngdf 

efulng] k|lta4tf JoQm 

ug{'nfO{ g]kfndf ePsf] ;'wf/ 

ldy]g Uof; pTvgg ul/“b} 

b}n]v-h;_–k]6«f]lnod ldy]g 

Uof;sf] pTvgg cfufdL j}zfv 

t];|f] xKtfb]lv ul/g] ePsf] 

5 . rLgsf]tkm{af6 rfOgf 

lhcf]nf]hLsn ;j]{sf efO; 

k| ]l;8]G6 jfªs'n / g]kfnsf]tkm{af6 

vfgL tyf e"–uj{ ljefusf 

dxflgb]{zs ;f]dgfy 

;fksf]6faLr a]Olhªdf ;Demf}tf 

ePkl5 pQm k]6«f]lnod ldy]g 

Uof;sf] pTvggsf nflu ;/sf/ 

tof/ ePsf] xf] . tTsfnLg 

k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ 

cf]nLsf] g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ x'Fbf 

gfsfaGbL;Fu} d'n'se/ k]6«f]lnod 

kbfy{sf] r/d ;ª\s6 k/]kl5 lj;+ 

@)&@ dª\l;/ @! ut] tTsfnLg 

;/sf/sf pBf]udGqL ;f]dk|;fb 

kf08];lxtsf] 6f]nLn] b}n]vsf] 

lzl/:yfgd} cfP/ k]6«f]lnod 

kbfy{sf] cg';Gwfg u/L pTvggsf] 

3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . 

To;avt cg';Gwfg u/L rLg 

kms]{sf] 6f]nLn] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ 

ldy]g Uof; ePsf] k'li6 u/]kl5 

bf];|f]k6s k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ 

cf]nLn] b}n]vsf] Uof; pTvgg 

ug{ rLgsf] sDkgL;Fu ;Demf}tf 

u/]nuQ} pTvgg x'g] ePsf] xf] . 

vfgL tyf e"–uj{ ljefusf 

kl/of]hgf k|d'v ;'bLk /hf}/]sf 

cg';f/ j}zfv !* b]lv cf}krfl/ 

s¿kdf pQm sfo{sf] yfngL x'g] 

5 . pgn] rLgsf] sDkgL;Fu b'O{ 

ca{ @) s/f]8sf] ;Demf}tf ePsf] 

atfP . pgn] b]lvPsf] Uof; 

ldy]g Uof; xf] eg]/ k|dfl0ft 

eO;Sof], ca slt kl/df0fdf 

5, sxfF 5, pTvgg ubf{ x'g] 

kl/df0f / nfutsf] d]n vfG5 

ls vfFb}g o:tf ljifosf] 7f]; 

cg';Gwfg ug{ klg pTvggsf] 

sfd yfngL] x'g] atfP . :yfgLon] 

o;nfO{ b}jLzlQm eGb} lgoldt 

k"hf ub}{ cfPsf lyP . vfgL 

tyf e"–uj{ ljefun] klxnf g} 

b}n]vsf] vf]nfdf au]sf] k]6«f]lnod 

kbfy{sf] gd"gf ;ª\sng u/]/ 

sf7df8f}F k'¥ofPsf] !% jif{kl5 

Uof; pTvgg x'g] ePkl5 b}n]vsf 

pBf]uL Jofkf/L v'zL ePsf 

5g\ . ljutsf !) j6f :yfgdf 

k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ cGj]if0fsf nflu 

nfvf}F /sd vr{ u/] klg To;sf] 

k'li6 eP/ jf:tljs s'/f aflx/ 

cfpg g;s]sf a]nf ;/sf/n] 

k'gMb}n]vsf] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ 

cGj]if0f u/L pTvggsf nflu sfd 

yfNg] ePkl5 s]xL cfzf knfPsf] 

5 . b}n]vd} o;sf] pTvggsf] 

z'?cft ug{ k'gMb}n]vaf6} sfdsf] 

yfngL ug]{ ;/sf/n] lg0f{o 

u/]sf] k|ltlglw;ef ;b:o /jLGb| 

zdf{n] atfP . ;of}F jif{b]lv 

hdLgd'lgaf6 k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf 

¿kdf Uof; lgl:s/x]sf] b}n]vsf] 

k~rsf]zL If]qdf k]6«f]lnod 

pTvgg z'? x'g] ePkl5 b}n]vsf 

hgtf ;DkGg x'g] pBf]u jfl0fHo 

;ª\3 s0ff{nL k|b]z sld6L ;b:o 

zflGtk|;fb zdf{n] atfP . 

tTsfnLg åGås} a]nf lj;+ 

@)^) b]lv g} g]kfnsf ljleGg 

:yfgdf k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ x'g;S5 

eGb} vf]hljg yflnPsf] lyof] . 

cd]l/sfsf] 6]S;f; sDkgL / 

o's]sf] s]Pg OghL{n];d]t nfvf}F 

8n/ cGj]if0fdf vr{ ul/;s]sf 

5g\ . ;/sf/n] pknlAwd"ns sfd 

gu/]sf] eGb} tL sDkgL;Fusf] 

;Demf}tf lj;+ @)&! df 

tf]8]sf] lyof] . ;/sf/sf] lh6'lh 

;Demf}tfcg';f/ clxn] rLgsf] 

sDkgL;Fu ;Demf}tf;Fu} sfd z'? 

ug]{ of]hgf ;/sf/sf] /x]sf] 5 . 

clxn] sfddf yk ;xhtfsf nflu 

k]6«f]lnod lgodfjnLsf];d]t 

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] 5 . 

b}n]vsf lzl/:yfg, gfle:yfg, 

kfb'sf, w'n]Zj/nufot k~rsf]zL 

If]qdf ;of}F jif{b]lv Hjfnfsf ¿kdf 

k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ aln/x]sf] 5 . 

wfld{s b[li6sf]0fn] k~rsf]zL If]qsf 

¿kdf ;d]t kl/ro agfpg ;kmn 

of] If]qdf kl5Nnf lbgdf ko{6ssf] 

pn]Vo pkl:ylt x' Fb} cfPsf] 5 . 

d'u'sf] /f/ftfn 3'd]/ cfpg] clwsf+z 

ko{6s b}n]vsf] k~rsf]zL If]q k'u]/ 

kms{g] u/]sf 5g\. 

Ps xhf/ rf/ ;o Joj;fodf cg'udg 

sf7df8f} F-h;_–jfl0fHo, cfk"lt{ 

tyf pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f ljefun] o;jif{ 

Ps xhf/ rf/ ;o Joj;fodf 

cg'udg u/]sf] 5 . rfn' cfjdf b'O{ 

xhf/ cf7 ;o Joj;fosf] cg'udg 

ug] { ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . ;fgf / 

7"nf b'j} vfnsf Joj;fodf cg'udg 

ul//x]sf] ljefusf lgb{ ]zs /3'gfy 

dxtn] atfP . pgsf cg';f/ 

ljefun] lgoldt¿kdf ljleGg 

lgsfo;Fusf] ;dGjodf cg'udg 

ub{ } cfPsf] 5 . rf8kj{nufotsf 

;dodf vfBfGgdf a9L cg'udg 

eO/x] klg c? ;dodf ;d]t 

lgoldt¿kdf cg'udg ul/Fb} cfPsf] 

pgn] atfP . æxfdLn] slt hgf / 

s:tf÷s:tf JolQmsf] 6f]nL agfP/ 

cg'udg ug{ ] eGg] leqL¿kdf 

5nkmn u5f}{FÆ, pgn] eg], æ;do 

/ Joj;fosf] ug] { eGg] ;"rgf lbFbf 

Joj;foL ;hu aGg ;S5g\ .Æ 

cy{÷/f]huf/ 

g} xf],Ú o;k6s g]kfndf 

/x]sf s"6gLlts lgof]uaf6 

klg ;Defljt nufgLstf{nfO{ 

pTk|]/0ffTds ?kdf ;Gb]z k|jfx 

ePsf] cg'ej ;'gfpFb} pgn] 

eg] . lj;+ @)&# df cfof]lht 

nufgL ;Dd]ngkl5 b]zdf 

ePsf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{g tyf 

nufgLsf] jftfj/0fdf cfPsf] 

;'wf/, nufgLsf ;DefJo gofF 

If]q / ablnFbf] If]qLo tyf 

cGt/fl{\i6«o kl/j]zdf g]kfnsf] 

t'ngfTds nfesf If]qdf ePsf] 

kl/jt{gaf/] nufgLstf{nfO{ 

hfgsf/L u/fpg] csf]{ p2]Zo 

k|flKtdf ;kmntf ldNg] 7fG5g\ 

g]kfn pBf]u kl/;3sf cWoIf 

xl/eQm zdf{ . 

;/sf/ / lghLIf]qsf] 

;fem]bf/Ldf ;Dd]ngnfO{ ;kmn 

kfg{'kg]{ / gsf/fTdseGbf 

;sf/fTds ;dfrf/nfO{ 

k|fyldstfsf ;fy k|jfx u/]/ 

…g]kfndf ;fFRr} nufgLsf] 

jftfj/0f ag]sf]Ú ;Gb]z 

km}nfpg ckl/xfo{ ePsf] pgL 

atfpF5g\ . ;Dd]ngsf] 

k"j{;GWofdf x'g] cgf}krfl/s 

a}7s, pBdL–Joj;foLaLrsf] 

5nkmn, bL3{sfnLg?kdf 

g]kfndf nufgL Nofpg 

ul/g] Jofj;flos jftf{ 

b]zsf] ljsf;sf] dful{\rq 

lgdf{0fdf ;xof]uL x'g]df 9'Ss 

5g\ . …nufgL ;Dd]ng g]kfndf 

nufgLsf] jftfj/0f ag]sf] 5, 

ca zÍfpkzÍf ug]{ :yfg 

5}g, nufgLsf] k|ltkmn :jb]z 

n}hfg c;xh x'Fb}gÚ ;Dd]ngsf] 

p2]Zo cfhsf] cfh} nufgL 

h'6fpg] / sfd yflnxfNg] 

gePsf] :ki6 ub}{ eG5g, 

…g]kfnn] lnPsf] cfly{s 

j[l4sf] bL3{sfnLg nIonfO{ 

;xof]u k'¥ofpg sf7df8f}Fl:yt 

ljb]zL s"6gLlts lgof]u, 

g]kfnsf] ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/, 

lghL If]q, u}/cfjf;Lo 

g]kfnL ;‹nufotsf] ;xof]u 

;Dd]ngdf /xg]5 .Ú >d 

P]g, of]ubfgdf cfwfl/t 

;fdflhs ;'/Iff P]g, 

cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo P]gsf] 

lgodfjnL, ljb]zL ljlgdo 

lgodg ug]{ P]g, ;fj{hlgs 

v/Lb lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg 

ePsfn] nufgLstf{n] em0em6 

em]Ng gkg]{nufot g]kfndf 

nufgLd}qL jftfj/0f 

l;h{gf ePsf] ;Gb]z k|jfx 

;Dd]ngaf6 x'g] ck]Iff 

ul/Psf] 5 . 

5'6k'hL{sf] Joj:yf gx'“bf 

ef/tLo uf8LwgLnfO{ ;f:tL 

aL/u~h, !# r}t -/f;;_M ljcf/ @& le #(@& 

ef/tLo gDa/sf] uf8L lnP/ ;LdfjtL{ ef/tsf] l;s6f ahf/af6 

jL/u~htkm{ cfO/x]sf clez]if s'df/n] klZRfdL k;f{sf] leijf 

5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nodf 5'6k'hL{sf] nflu uf8L /f]s5g\ . t/, 

kl5 yfxf x'G5, leijf 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nodf 5'6k'hL{ sf6g] 

Joj:yf 5}g . glhs} /x]sf] k|x/Lrf}sL leijfdf cGttM uf8L 

k|j]z u/fP/ clez]if uGtJotkm{ nfU5g\ . of] ;d:of clez]ifnfO{ 

dfq xf]Og, ;f] gfsfaf6 g]kfn lelqg] ;a} ef/tLo gDa/ Kn]6sf 

uf8LwgLnfO{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . leijf 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nodf 

ef/tLo ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ g]kfn lelqFbf 5'6k'hL{ lbg] Joj:yf 

gx'Fbf ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv ef/tLo ;jf/LwgLn] o:t} ;d:of 

ef]Ub} cfPsf 5g\ . 

;LdfjtL{ ef/tsf] l;s6f, e]nfxL nufotsf 7fpFaf6 b}lgs 

g]kfn lelqg] bh{gf}F ef/tLo gDa/ Kn]6sf ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ leijf 

5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nodf 5'6k"hL{sf] Joj:yf gxF'bf $) lsnf] 

ld6/sf] nfdf] ofqf to u/L jL/u~h eG;f/ sfof{no k'Ug'kg]{ 

afWotf /x]sf] ljcf/ @@ P; &%%@ gDa/sf rfns ;/tfh 

cxdbsf] u'gf;f] 5 . ;LdfjtL{ ef/taf6 clxn] b}lgs @) b]lv 

@% ef/tLo ;jf/L ;fwg k;f{sf] u|fdL0f If]qdf lelqG5g\ . k|x/L 

rf}sL leijfsf k|x/L gfoa lg/LIfs ljhos'df/ ;fxLn] /f;;nfO{ 

eg], æg]kfn k|j]z ug]{ ef/tLo uf8LnfO{ Jofjxfl/s ¿kdf …OG6«LÚ 

u/]/ hfglbg] ul/Psf] 5 .Æ 

5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nonfO{ 5'6k'hL{ sf6g] clwsf/ gePsfn] 

ef/tsf u|fdL0f gfsfaf6 g]kfn lelqg] ef/tLo ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ 

;LdfIf]qsf k|x/Ln] /f]Sg], hyfefjL /sd lng] tyf uf8L hkmt 

ug]{ h:tf ;d:of ef]Ub} cfPsf] ef/tLo rfns ;}h'nxssf] u'gf;f] 

5 . jL/u~h eG;f/ sfof{nosf ;'rgf clwsf/L dlgifs'df/ 

dxtf]n] 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nonfO{ 5'6k'hL{ sf6\g] clwsf/ g]kfn 

;/sf/n] glbPsfn]] o:tf] ;d:of cfPsf] atfP . g]kfn ef/taLr 

/x]sf] v'nf ;Ldfsf sf/0f 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nodf 5'6k'hL{sf] 

Joj:yf gx'Fbf Psflt/ ;/sf/L /fhZj u'Db} uPsf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ 

u|fdL0f If]qdf 6«flkms k|x/L gx'Fbf lagfsfuhkqsf ef/tLo 

uf8Lx¿ lgjf{w¿kdf g]kfn k|j]z ug]{ tyf df]6/;fOsndf rf/ 

hgf;Dd a;]/ ofqf ug]{ h:tf sfo{n] b'3{6gfsf] ;Defjgf a9]/ 

uPsf] :yfgLo atfpF5g\ . 

u|fdL0f If]qdf /x]sf] 5f]6L eG;f/ sfof{nodf sd{rf/Lsf] 

b/aGbL /x]klg sd{rf/L ga:bf ef/tLo ;jf/LwgLn] dgk/L¿kdf 

g]kfn k|j]z ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . 5'6k'hL{sf nflu jL/u~h;Dd k'Ubf 

vlr{nf] x'g] u/]sfn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] 5f]6L eG;f/d} 5'6k'hL{sf] 

Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ dfu ef/tLo ;jf/LwgLx¿sf] 5 . 

dxTjk"0f{ 6]lnkmf]g gDa/x¿ 



OGwgsf] 9'jfgL nfut 36fpg gofF /0fgLlt 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfn 

cfon lgudn] OGwgsf] 9'jfgL 

nfut 36fpg / k"jf{wf/ a9fpg 

!) jif{] /0fgLlt Nofpg] ePsf] 

5 . lgudsf] ljlgodfjnLn] 

!) jif{] sfo{of]hgf agfpg 

eg]sfn] ;f]xLcg';f/ /0fgLlt 

tof/ ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . 

jflif{s ? 8]9 va{eGbf a9Lsf] 

sf/f]jf/ ug{] lgudn] ;"rgf 

k|ljlwsf] clwstd\ pkof]u 

ug{] ljifo;d]t ;f] /0fgLltdf 

;dfj]z ug{] lgudsf sfo{sf/L 

lgb{]zs ;'/]Gb|s'df/ kf}8]nn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . ahf/df OGwgsf] 

vkt a9\b} uP klg lgud;Fu 

OGwg e08f/0f ug{] Ifdtf sd 

x'Fbf cfk"lt{df ;fdfGo cj/f]w 

x'Fbf OGwg cefj x'g] cj:yfsf] 

cGTosf nflu k"jf{wf/ ljsf; 

cTofjZos eO;s]sf] 5 . 

oyfl:yltdf lgud rNg 

g;Sg] ePsfn] () lbgnfO{ k'Ug] 

OGwg eG8f/0f:yn lgdf{0fsf 

nflu ;+:yfn] k|lqmof cufl8 

a9fPsf] 5 . ljleGg rf/ 7fpFdf 

hUuf v/Lb u/] klg o;sf] lgd{f0f 

k|lqmof cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf] 5}g . 

lgudn] kf]v/f / lj/f6gu/df 

/x]sf l8kf]sf] :t/f]Gglt ug{] 

sfo{of]hgf agfPsf] klg kf}8]nn] 

atfP . 

lgud;Fu xfn &! xhf/ 

lsnf]ln6/ e08f/0f Ifdtf 5 . 

t/, jflif{s OGwg vkt !% b]lv 

;~rfng vr{ rnfpg sl7g M Uof; pBf]uL 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;dofg's"n ;~rfng vr{ j[l4 x'g g;Sbf 

pBf]u rnfpg lgs} sl7g ePsf] eGb} Uof; pBf]uLn] u'gf;f] 

u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] d'n'sdf kl5Nnf] 5 jif{sf] cjlwdf pBf]u 

;~rfngsf nflu cfjZos cGo vr{ a9]sf] eP klg ;/sf/n] 

;~rfng vr{ j[l4 gubf{ Joj;fo w/f;foL ag]sf] atfP . g]kfn 

PnkL Uof; pBf]u ;ª\3n] dª\unaf/ /fhwfgLdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] 

sfo{qmddf ;ª\3sf cWoIf uf]s'n e08f/Ln] Uof;df ;/sf/sf 

tkm{af6 k|ltlnl;ln08/ @#@ ?k}ofF %) k};f cg'bfg 5'6ØfPsf] 

eP klg pBf]usf] ;~rfng vr{ k|ltl;ln08/ %@ ?k}ofF %$ 

k};fdfq lbOg' lgs} sd ePsf] atfP . p 

gn] eg], æ5 jif{cl3 tf]lsPsf] o;k|sf/sf] ;~rfng vr{n] 

pBf]u rnfpg lgs} sl7g ePsf] 5 . o;cjlwdf pBf]usf] 

;~rfng vr{ 7"nf] b/n] j[l4 ePsfn] vr{ ;dofg's"n j[l4 

ul/g'k5{ .Æ ;/sf/n] ;~rfng vr{ ;dfof]hg u/] pBf]uL 

k|ltl;ln08/ #) ?k}Fof %% k};f d'gfkmf lng tof/ /x]sf] pgsf] 

egfO lyof] . ;/sf/n] ef/tsf] l/kmfOg/Laf6 pBf]u;Ddsf] 

9'jfgL vr{ ? *&, pBf]uaf6 laqm]tf;Ddsf] 9'jfgL vr{ ? @(, 

pBf]uLsf] d'gfkmf ? #)=%% k};f, laqm]tfsf] gfkmf ? #@, pBf]u 

;~rfng vr{ ? %@=%$ k};f / ljleGg k|fljlw vr{ ? !=#( k};f 

k|ltl;lnl08/ cg'bfg lbg] u/]sf] 5 . 

PnkL Uof;sf] u'0f:t/ / pkef]Qmfsf] ;'/Iffk|lt pBf]uL 

;+j]bgzLn /x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ cWoIf e08f/Ln] cltk|HjngzLn 

kbfy{sf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ Joj;foLnfO{ lgodg ug]{ …lj:kmf]6s 

kbfy{Ú;DaGwL sfg"g Nofpg l9nf eO;s]sf] atfP . pgn] %( 

Uof; pBf]udWo] #% pBf]un] g]kfn u'0f:t/ k|df0fkq lnO;s]sf] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

@) k|ltztn] a9\b} uPsf] 5 . 

lgud;Fu sf7df8f}F, cdn]vu~h, 

lj/f6gu/, hgsk'/, e}/xjf, 

kf]v/f, g]kfnu~h, ;'v{]t, wgu9L 

/ lbkfonsf e08f/0fu[x u/]/ 

&! xhf/ ^@@ lsnf]ln6/ 

df}Hbft /fVg] Ifdtf 5 . oL 

:yndf k]6«f]n kfFr xhf/ !*$ 

lsnf]ln6/, l8h]n $@ xhf/ 

$)) / xjfO{ OGwg cf7 xhf/ 

$)) lsnf]ln6/ e08f/0f Ifdtf 

5 . 

lh;;sf] a]?h' /sd km5Øf]{6 ug{ lgb]{zg 


;a} lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt 

-lh;;_nfO{ a]?h' /sd z"Godf 

emfg{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] 5 . ;ª\3Lo 

dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo k|zf;g 

dGqfnon] o;} cfly{s jif{df 

;a} a]?h' /sd km5Øf]{6 ug{ 

lgb]{zg lbOPsf] dGqfnosf 

pk;lrj -n]vf_ nIdLk|;fb 

lg/f}nfn] hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf 

cg';f/ lhlj; / :yfgLo zf;g 

;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{qmd 

-PnhLl;l8kL_ sfo{qmdsf] ? 

@@ ca{ !# s/f]8 !) nfv #! 

xhf/ #!* a]?h' km5Øf]{6 ug{ 

lgb]{zg lbOPsf] 5 . lh;;sf] 

? @! ca{ ## s/f]8 #% nfv 

(^ xhf/ @*! / :yfgLo zf;g 

;fd'bflos ljsf; sfo{qmd 

-PnhLl;l8kL_ cGtu{tsf] ? 

&( s/f]8 &$ nfv #% xhf/ 

#& a]?h' aSof}tf km5Øf]{6 ug{ 

lgb]{zg lbOPsf] pgn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . a]?h' km5Øf]{6 ug{sf 

nflu dGqfnon] ;ftj6} k|b]zdf 

;xhstf{ v6fOPsf] pgn] 

atfP . 

:jf:Yo ;]jf 

• aL/ c:ktfn )!–$@@!(** 

• lq=la= lzIf0f c:ktfn, dxf/fhu+h, )!– $$!@&)& 

• kf6g c:ktfn )!– %%@@@&* 

• k|z'tL u[x, yfkfynL, )!– $@%#@)&& 

• dfgl;s c:ktfn )!– %%@!### 

• sf7df8f}+ df]8]n c:ktfn,afuahf/, )!–$@$)*)%÷)^ 

• sflGtafn c:ktfn, dxf/fhu+h )!–$$@&$%@ 

• /Qm;+rf/ s]Gb|, afns'df/L, )!–%!*^)^% 

• g]kfn cfFvf a}+s )!–$$(#^*$ 

• la P08 la c:ktfn, Ujfsf]{ )!–%%##@)^ 

• ltnu+uf cfFvf c:ktfn )!–$@^!@%( 

• 6]s' c:ktfn )!–$@%##(^ 

• cNsf c:ktfn )!–%%%%%%% 

• sflGtk'/ 8]G6n x:kL6n, a;'Gw/f, )!–$#*%(!)÷!! 

• g]kfn afy /f]u pkrf/ s]Gb| )!–%%@!@)* 

• cGt/fli6«o afn d}qL c:ktfn, dxf/fhu+h 

)!–$$!%$^! 

• ;dfh 8]G6b c:ktfn )!–$$&!))# 

• lr/fo' g]zgn x:kL6n, a;'Gw/f )!–$#*@#*@ 

• u|f08L O{G6/g]zgn c:ktfn )!–%!%(@^^÷%!%(@^% 

PDa'n]G; ;]jf 

• g]kfn PDa'n]G; ;]jf !)@ 

• sflGtk'/ c:ktfn ltgs'g] )!–$!!!(%& 

• gle{s O{G6/g]zgn c:ktfn )!–$@%*%%$ 

• g]kfn cyf]{k]l8s c:ktfn )!–$(!!&@%÷$(!!@&$ 

• /fli6«o x[bo s]Gb|, afF;af/L, )!–$#&!#@@÷$#&!#&$ 

• ;'d]? PDa'n]G; )!–%))##** 

• eQmk'/ /]8qm; )!–^^!@@^^ 

;'/Iff, PDa'n]G; / sfo{fno 

• bdsn !)! 

• k|x/L k|wfg sfof{no ck/]zg 6f]n k|mL g+ !^^))!$!%!^ 

• k|x/L sG6«f]n !)) 

• 6«flkms k|x/L !)# 

• cfs:dLs k|x/L ;]jf )!–$@@^((( 

• lhNnf k|x/L sf7df8f}+ )!–$@^!($% 

• j}b]lzs /f]huf/ laefu )!–$&*@$%$ 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/ k|a4{g af]8{ M )!–$!)%)%*÷$!)%)^* 

6f]n k|mL g+ !^^))!%)))%



;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] nflu xfdL sxfF l;wf} 

;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf, xfdL tkfO{sf] Ifdtf 

cg';f/sf] /f]huf/Ldf k7fpg] 5f}+ . 

Kof/f8fO{h OG6/g]zgn k|f=ln= 

av'N8f]n, nlntk'/, kmf]g M %%#$)$@, %%@@)^#, %%##$#% 

E-mail : pparadise@wilnk.com.np, 

Website : www.paradisemanpower.com 

skf]{/]6 

sf=lh=k|=sf=b=g+= @*)÷)^$÷)^% 

d=If]=x'=lg=b=g+= )#÷)&)÷&! 

cf]kf]sf] sn/ cf]P; ^ ;fj{hlgs xf]G8f ‘;DaGw ;kgfx?sf]’ Pe/]i6 a}+ssf u|fxsnfO{ 

g]kfn g]zgn xl:k6ndf 5'6 

sf7df8f}F-h;_– 

cf]kf]n]cflwsfl/s ?kdf :df6{kmf]g 

KNof6kmd{sf] cfˆgf] gofF eh{g– 

sn/ cf]P; ^ ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 

5 . ljZjsf s]xL ahf/df ev{/} 

;fj{hlgs cf]kf] Pkm!! / Pkm!! 

k|f]df of] cf]P; pknAw ul/;s]sf] 

5 . xNsf sn/ l:sddf cfwfl/t 

gofF cf]P;n] sfo{ Ifdtfdf 

kl/:s[lts/0f / Pk 8«c/klg 

pknAw ul/Psf] 5 . ;kmf / 

Aojxfl/s b[Zosfnflu gofF 

l8hfOgdf ;/n ;]tf] k[i7e'dL 

/ ;'Id u|fl8oG6 ckgfOPsf] 

5 . Go"g /]vf, gofF cfOsg, 

gofF u]:r/ / kl/:s[t Plgd];g 

;lxtsf] of] cf]P;, cf]P; 

kl/dfh{g ?rfpg]x?sf nflu 

/fd|f] 5gf]6 x'g ;S5 . 

sfo{Ifdtfdf pTs[i6tfsf 

nflu xfOk/ a':6 gfd lbP/ 

o;df ljz]if Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . 

Aoj:yf cGtu{t k|0ffnL a':6, Pk 

a':6 / u]d a'i6 nufot kb{5g\ . 

u]dsf] dHhf lnO /xFbf kmf]g sn 

jf gf]l6lkms];gsf sf/0f ?sfjt 

gcfcf];\ eGg] ;f]rsf ;fy 

o;df u]d Pl;:6]G6sf] Aoj:yf 

ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy}, kmf]gdf l:qmg 

/]sl8{ªsf] Aoj:yfklg /x]sf] 5 . 

k;{gnfOH8 u]ldª cg'ej 

lbg] ;f]rsf ;fy gofF cf]P;df u]d 

:k]; gfdsf] lkmr/klg pknAw 

ul/Psf] 5 . cf]P; ^df O{G6/ 

g]6sf] ;d:ofaf6 k|of]ustf{nfO{ 

5'6sf/f lbg] ;f]rsf ;fy 

jfO{kmfO{ / kmf]/hL sg]lS6le6Lsf] 

Plss[t k|of]u ug]{ :df6{ 8'cn 

Rofgn g]6js{ pknAw ul/Psf] 

5 . To;}u/L o;df /fOl8ª 

df]8sf] klg Aoj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . 

t/, o;sf] pknAwtf kl/jxg 

sfo{sf nflu ;jfl{\ws ?kdf 

df]k]8sf] k|of]u ul/g] b]zx?df 

l;ldt ul/Psf] 5 . hfgsf/L 

cg';f/ gf]l6lkms]zg Do"6 

ug]{, sn sf6\gsf nflu Dof;]h 

ug]{ tyf Wofg e+u x'g] s'g}klg 

k|sf/sf ljrng /f]Sg] of] ;'ljwf 

blIf0f–k"jL{ Pl;ofnL ahf/df 

dfq pknAw x'g]5 . 

P08«f]O8 kfO{df cfwfl/t 

sn/ cf]P; ^df xf]d l:qmgsf] 

afofF k§Laf6 :jfOk ubf{ 

pknAw x'g] kl/dflh{t :df6{ 

Pl;:6]G6, g]leu];g u]:r/, 

kl/:s[t gf]l6lkms];g af/ nufot 

;'ljwfklg pknAw 5g\ . clxn] 

clwsf+z s'/f PcfO{df cfwfl/t 

5 . To;}n] gofF cf]P;df 

pknAw ul/Psf] l;i6d :df6{ 

Dofg]hd]G6n] k|lqmof lgofNb}, 

:jrflnt ?kdf w]/} k|of]u gx'g] 

Aofsu|fp08 Pkx? /f]Sb} Aof6«L 

hf]ufpg] sfd u5{ . 

gof“ jif{df l6leP;sf] ‘;ft 5 xfd|f]’ ckm/ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–hubDaf 

df]6;{, cGt/f{l\i6«o :t/df k|l;4 

b'O tyf ltg kfªu|] ;jf/Lsf] 

pTkfbs l6leP; df]6/ sDklgsf] 

g]kfnel/s} Psdfq clws[t 

ljqm]tf, n] gj jif{ @)&^ sf] 

pd+udo cj;/df s]lG›t /lx 

cfˆgf] l6leP; …;ft 5 xfd|f]Ú 

ckm/ cfˆgf cd'No u|fxsx? ;fd' 

lj:tf/ u/]sf] 5 . gofF jif{sf] 

;'gf}nf] ;'?jft l6leP;sf] ;fy\ 

dgfpg / z'esfdgf :j¿k ;f] 

ckm/ u|fxsx?sf] dfem NofOPsf] 

xf] . x/]s b'O kf+u|] ;jf/L 

k|]dLx?sf] Ps dfq ;dfwfg 

s]G›sf] ?kdf cjl:yt ePsf] 

l6leP;sf]…;fy 5 xfd|f]…cleofg 

l6leP;n] b'O jif{ cl3 kl/lrt 

u/fPsf] lyof] h;n] l6leP; 

cfˆgf] u|fxsx?sf] nflu ;]jf / 

;'ljwfsf] nflu x/bd tTk/ /xg] 

k|lta4tf u/]sf] lyof] . 

To;} sf/0f oxL @)&% 

r}q !! ut] b]lv ;'? x'g] 

pQm ckm/df l6leP;n] 

cfˆgf] x/]s df]6/;fOsn 

tyf :s'6/sf] vl/bdf ? 

&,))) sf] Zof]/z6 gub 

5'6sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . 

o; ckm/n] :Sof{r s'kgsf] 

emgh6 x6fO u|fxsx?sf] 

;xhtfsf nflu x/]s vl/bdf 

tf]lsPsf] 5'6 kfOg] Joj:yf 

ul/Psf] xf] . oxL @)&^ 

j}zfv d;fGt;Dd nfu' x'g] 

pQm ckm/af6 nfeflGjt x'g 

l6leP;sf clwsf/Lx? ;f/f 

u|fxsx?nfO ljgd| cfu|x 

ub{5g . l6leP;n] cfˆgf] 

;ft leGgfleGg} ;L;Lsf 

pTkfbgx?df % jif{sf] 

jf/]G6L, cg:k6 kmfOgfG;, 

cg:k6 PS;r]Gh, ! 3G6] 

PS;k|]; ;]jf nufotsf cGo 

ljleGg ;]jfsf kmfObfx? lbb} 

cfPsf] 5 . 

pQm cf7 ;L;L dWo 

8\ofh, h]:6, ljuf] sDaf], !!) 

;L;L cGtu{t k5{g ;fy} !@% 

;L;L cGtu{t h'lk6/ Snfl;s, 

P06f]s{ / :6«fOs/, !%) ;L;L 

cGtu{t ckflr cf/6Lcf/ !%) 

@ eL eL @, !^) ;L;L cGtu{t 

ckflr cf/6Lcf/ !^) @ eL eL 

@ / ckflr cf/6Lcf/ !^) $ 

eL, !*) ;L;L cGtu{t ckflr 

cf/6Lcf/ !*), @)) ;L;L 

cGtu{t ckflr cf/6Lcf/ @)) 

$ eL eL @, / #!) ;L;L cGtu{t 

ckflr cf/cf/ #!) /x]sf 5g\ . 

b]ze/ km}lnPsf] ;]jf tyf lalqm 

s]G›x?df cg'ejL / bIf xftx?sf] 

u'0f:t/Lo ;]jfn] x/]s u|fxsnfO 

v'l; / ;Gt'li6sf] cg'ej u/fpg] 

k|fyldstf l6leP;n] cfˆgf] 

yfngLsf] lbg b]lvg} hf]8 

lbb} cfPsf] 5 . u|fxsx?sf] 

l6leP;sf pTkfbgx? k|ltsf] 

dfof / ;dy{gnfO o; ckm/ 

dfkm{t cfef/ JoQm u/]sf] 

5 . l6leP;n] cfpg] lbgx?df 

u|fxsx?s] ;]jf tyf ;'ljwfsf] 

nflu o:tf cGo ljleGg ckm/ / 

sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ p2]Zo 

af]s]sf] 5 . 

‘Unf]sn l6g lx/f]’ df k'gM l;hL km'8\; 

sf7df8f} F-h;_–l;hL km'8\; / 

Unf]snn] …Unf]sn l6g lx/f]Ú nfO{ 

k'gM jfO{jfO{ Unf]sn l6g lx/f]sf] 

?kdf cl3 a9fpg] ;Demf}tf u/]sf] 

5 . lszf]/ lszf]/Lx?sf] ;dy{g 

k|0ffnLsf] ?kdf lbuf] ;Demf}tf cl3 

a9fpg] pb]Zo lnOPsf] l;hLn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . of];Fu} l;hLsf] 

Unf]snnfO{;Fusf] ;xsfo{ rf}yf] 

jif{df k'u]sf] 5 . 

l;hL km'8\;sf ;LO{cf] lhkL 

zfxn] eg], …of] d+raf6 g]kfnsf 

o'jf / lszf]/ lszf]/LnfO{ kmfObf 

k'of{Psf] k|lt xfdL ;sf/fTds 

5f} F . Tolx ljZjf;n] xfdL lszf]/ 

lszf]/Lsf] af}l4s ljsf;df 

;xof]u k'Ug] u/L lbuf] ;Demf}tfnfO{ 

lg/Gt/tf lbb}5f} F .Ú Unf]sn k|fnL 

sf sfo{sf/L lgb] {zs cflzif 

7fs'/n] jfO{ jfO{ h:tf] k|Voft 

a|fG8;Fu hf]l8P/ Unf]sn l6g lx/f] 

sf] gfd cl3 a9fpg kfpFbf v';L 

JoQm u/] . pgn] o:tf ;+:yfx?sf] 

;xof]u / ljZjf;n] of] ;'?jftnfO{ 

cem} k|efjsf/L x'g\ d2t ldNg] 

atfP . jfO{ jfO{ …Unf]sn l6g lx/f]Ú 

Unf]sn va/n] ;'?jft u/]sf] Ps 

sfo{qmd xf] . lszf]/ lszf]/Lx?df 

ePsf] k| ]/0ff / pT;fxnfO{ k|:km'tg 

u/L pgLx?n] ;dfhdf u/]sf] 

k|efjsf/L sfo{nfO{ sb/ / c? 

dfem lrgfpg Ps sfo{qmd ug{ 

nfu]sf] xf] . of] aif{sf] jfO{ jfO{ 

Unf]sn l6g lx/f]sf nflu cfa]bg 

@! a}zfv @)&^ df v'Ng]5 . 

ljh]tf ag] sfe|]sf ljzfn 

sf7df8f}+– g]kfnsf nflu xf]G8f df]6/;fOsn tyf uf8Lsf] 

cflwsfl/s laqm]tf :ofsf/ 

6«]l8ª sDkgLn] …;DaGw 

;kgfx?sf]Ú sf] ljh]tf 3f]if0ff 

u/]sf] 5 . of]hgfdf ;xefuL 

sfe|]sf ljzfn yfkf pQm 

of]hgfsf] ljh]tf aGg ;kmn 

ePsf 5g\ . sDkgLn] g]kfndf 

%) jif{ k"/f u/]sf] cj;/df 

cfˆgf] bz}+ tyf ltxf/ of]hgf cGtu{tsf] …;DaGw ;kgfx?sf]Ú sf] 

ljh]tf 3f]if0ff u/]sf] xf] . ut @% df3 b]lv @% kmfNu'g;Dd ;+rflnt 

pQm of]hgfdf @%,@^% hgfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ;xefuLx? 

dWo] nSsL 8« dfkm{t %) hgf 5gf}6 ul/Psf] lyof] . 

5gf}6 ePsf ;xefuLx?n] %) nfv aDk/ pkxf/ lhTgsf] nflu 

of]hgf;Fu d]n vfg] cfˆgf] s'g} ;kgf pNn]v u/L km];a'sdf lel8of] 

cknf]8 ug{'kg]{ lyof] . cknf]8 ul/Psf #( lel8of] dWo ;jfl{\ws 

@$,!%) nfOs, sd]G6 / ;]o/ k|fKt u/L cfkm" 8fS6/ agL hgtfsf] 

;]jf ug]{ ;kgf af]s]sf w'lnv]n, sfe|]sf ljzfn yfkf pQm of]hgfsf] 

ljh]tf aGg ;kmn ePsf lyP . 

l;4fy{ a}+s / Pl;og nfO{km 

OG:of]/]G; lnld6]8aLr a}+sf:of]/]G; 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–l;4fy{ a}+s lnld6]8 / Pl;og nfO{km OG:of]/]G; 

lnld6]8aLr a}+sf:of]/]G; ;]jf 

;DalGw ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 . ;f] 

;DalGw ;Demf}tf kqdf l;4fy{ 

a}+ssf ;xfos dxfk|a+ws ch{'g 

e› vgfn / Pl;og nfO{km 

OG:of]/]G; lnld6]8sf sf.d'. gfoa 

k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t d'/f/L /fh 

x'dfufFOn] x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . 

To:t} l;4fy{ a}+ssf ;xfos dxf–k|aGws ch{'g e› vgfnn] 

cfufdL lbgx?df Pl;og nfO{km OG:of]/]G; lnld6]8df ladf ug]{ 

u|fxsju{x?nfO{ cfjZos ladf ;DaGwL ;]jf tyf ;'ljwf l;4fy{ a}+ssf 

;Dk"0f{ zfvf sfof{nox?af6 pknAw x'g] atfP . 

uf]b/]hsf ;fdfgdf @% %;Dd gub 5'6 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–uf]b/]h a|f08n] g]kfnL gofF jif{ @)&^ nfO{ nlIft 

u/L @%% ;Ddsf] cfsif{s gub 5'6 ckm/ NofPsf] 5 . ;fy}, sDkgLsf] 

Po/–slG8:g/df lgMz'Ns OG:6n];gsf] Joj:yf 5 . of] of]hgf r}q 

!$ b]lv l;ldt cjlwsf nfuL /x]sf] sDkgLn] hgfPsf] 5 . ljut ^) 

jif{sf] Oltxf; af]s]sf] uf]b/]h a|f08n] cfˆgf] u|fxs dfem pQm ckm/ 

;Dk"0f{ 3/fo;L ;fdfu|L h:t}, /]lk|mh]/]6/, jfl;ª d]l;g, r]:6 lk|mh, 

dfOqmf]j]e cf]eg df NofOPsf] xf] . g]kfnsf nfuL uf]b/]h a|f08sf] 

cflwsf/Ls ljj|m]tf rf}w/L u'|k cGtu{t O{cf]Pn /x]sf] 5 . 

l;4fy{ Knfl6gd art vftf 

vf]Nbf kmfOb} kmfObf 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_–l;4fy{ a}+sn] u|fxsx?nfO{ yk ;'ljwf k'-ofpg] 

p2]Zon] ljleGg cfsif{s ;'ljwf ;lxtsf] l;4fy{ Knfl6gd art vftf 

;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . art vftfdf a}+ssf] 8]lj6 sf8{ k|of]u u/L 

b]zel/ /x]sf h'g;'s} a}+ssf] P6LPdaf6 /sd lgsfNbf cltl/Qm z'Ns 

gnfUg], o'Pgcf] ;fem]bf/ s]G›x?df $)% ;Dd 5'6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg], 

o'Pgcf] qm]l86 sf8{ lgMz'Ns k|fKt ug{ ;lsg], jflif{s Aofhb/ ^=% 

k|ltzt kfOg] h:tf ljz]iftf of] vftfdf /x]sf] 5 . 

of] vftf a}+ssf] b]ze/ /x]sf !$^ zfvfx?af6 jf 

https://openaccount.siddharthabank.com/uO 

;lhn};Fu vf]Ng ;lsg] a}+sn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

o'lgog xfO8«f]sf] ;fwf/0f z]o/ laqmL z'? 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–lghL If]qsf] hnljB't\ sDkgL o'lgog xfO8«f]kfj/n] 

a'waf/b]lv ? #% s/f]8 #$ nfv #$ xhf/ a/fa/sf] k|fylds z]o/ 

laqmL z'? u/]sf] 5 . sDkgLn] 

;j{;fwf/0ftkm{ lgisf;g 

u/]sf]dWo] b'O{ k|ltztcyf{t\ &) 

xhf/ ^^* lsQf sd{rf/Lsf 

nflu / afFsL #$ nfv ^# xhf/ 

^%$ lsQf ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu 

laqmL z'? u/]sf] xf] . 

sDkgLn] klxnf] r/0fdf 

oxL r}t !& ut];Dd z]o/ 

laqmL ug]{5 . ;f] cjlwdf z]o/ 

laqmL gePdf sDkgLn] l9nf]df 

cfufdL j}zfv !@ ut];Dd laqmL 

ug]{5 . nufgLstf{n] Go"gtd %) lsQf / clwstd tLg xhf/ 

%)) lsQf;Ddsf nflu cfj]bg lbg;Sg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] sDkgLn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . sDkgLsf] nufgL lkmtf{ x'g] cjlw em08} !! jif{ /x]sf] 

5 . s"n tLg d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] ;f] cfof]hgfsf] k|ltd]ufjf6 nfut ? 

@^ s/f]8 %) nfv /x]sf] 5 . 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–Pe/]i6 a}+s 

lnld6]8n] u|fxsx?nfO{ 5'6 

/ :k]zn Kofs]hsf] Joj:yf 

ug{ g]kfn g]zgn xl:k6n;Fu 

;fem]bf/L u/]sf] 5 . u'0f:t/Lo 

;]jfdf ;dlk{t sn+sL l:yt 

g]kfn g]zgn xl:k6n ax'ljz]iftf 

ePsf] xl:k6n xf] . g]kfn g]zgn 

xl:k6ndf Ps ;osf] ;+Vofdf 

a]8x? /x]sf] 5 . Pe/]i6 a}+s 

/ g]kfn g]zgn xl:k6naLrsf] 

Pd=cf]=o" cg';f/ u|fxsx?n] 

ljleGg ;]jf z'Nsdf !) b]lv !% 

k|ltzt;Dd 5'6 kfpg] 5g\ . 

u|fxsx?n] Pe/]i6 a}+ssf] 

Pl6Pd jf qm]l86 sf8{ b]vfP/ 

pQm 5'6 kfpg ;Sg]5g\ . 

…;le{; ljy :dfO{nÚ gf/f ;lxt 

Pe/]i6 a}+sn] ;b}j u|fxssf] 

nfe / ;Gt'li6nfO{ dWo]gh/ 

ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . Pe/]i6 a}+ssf] 

;Gt'i6 u|fxsx?sf] ;+Vof 

!) nfv eGbf al9 /x]sf] 5 

h'g a}+lsË If]qdf g} ;a}eGbf 

pRr xf] . ;fy}, xfn} Sofd]n;\ 

/]l6ªdf Pe/]i6 a}+s a]:6 /]6]8 

sdl;{on a}+sdf kg{ ;kmn 

ePsf] 5 . Pe/]i6 a}+sn] xfn 

cfˆgf (@ j6f zfvfx?, @* 

/fh:j ;+sng sfpG6/ / !!^ 

Pl6Pd tyf a[xt afXo ;Ghfn 

dfkm{t pTs[i6 ;]jfx? k|bfg 

ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . 

Pg;L;L a}+ssf] cjsfz 

sf]ifåf/f &) k|ltzt nfef+z ljt/0f 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–g]kfn qm]l86 

P08 sdz{ a}s cGtu{tsf] 

Pg;L;L cjsfz sf]ifn] ;+lrt 

artsf] &)% nfef+z ljt/0f 

u/]sf] 5 . Pg;L;L a}+s cjsfz 

sf]ifn] b]ze/ /x]sf !@@ zfvfx? 

dfkm{t ;+rosf]if, cjsfz sf]if, 

pkbfg sf]if, ;+lrt labf sf]if 

nufot cGo sf]ifx?sf] vftf 

vf]Ng], ;+lrt artsf] ()% ;Dd 

shf{ lbg] Pj+ cjsfz kfPsf 

sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;+lrt sf]if /sd 

lkmtf{ e'QmfgL lbg] h:tf sfo{x? 

ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] 5 . 

of] sf]if g]kfn /fi6« a}+s 

/ g]kfn ;/sf/ cfGtl/s 

/fhZj ljefuaf6 :jLs[tL 

lnO{ ljut !^ jif{ b]lv 5'§} 

o"lg6sf] ?kdf ;+rflnt 5 . 

o; sf]ifn] ut @)&% cfiff9 

d;fGt;Ddsf] ;+lrt artaf6 

&)% /sd # s/f]8 ^@ nfv 

&) xhf/ ?k}ofF ljt/0f 

u/]sf] 5 . sl/j @)) eGbf 

a9L ;+3 ;:yfsf ;a} u|fxs 

sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;f]xL cjlwsf] 

;+lrt cjsfz sf]ifdf /x]sf] 

df}Hbftsf] !=*#% nfef+z /sd 

lghx?s} ;DalGwt cjsfz 

sf]if vftfx?df hDdf x'g] 

u/L ljt/0f u/]sf] xf] . pQm 

sf]ifn] ljut jif{x?df klg 

cfˆgf] ;+lrt art /sdaf6 

artstf{x?nfO{ nfef+z 

ljt/0f ub}{ ;a} AolQmut 

;+rostf{x?sf nflu k|To]s 

jif{ !% xhf/ ;Ddsf] lgMz'Ns 

cf}ifwf]krf/ ladf ;'ljwf klg 

k|bfg ub}{ cfO{/x]sf] 5 . 

t];|f] ;lxb sk 6L@) 6«lkmsf] 

k|fof]hsdf uNkm cfon 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–cGt/f{li6«o 

uNkm cfon OG6/g]zgnsf] 

cflwsfl/s pTkfbs tyf 

ljt/s g]kfn No'a cfonn] t];|f] 

;lxb sk 6L@) 6«lkmsf] k|of]hg 

ug]{ ePsf] 5 . k|b]z g+ @ df 

eO{/x]sf] of] lqms]6sf] k|d'v 

6'gf{d]G6 jflif{s ?kdf cfof]hgf 

x'g] ub{5 . of] 6'gf{d]G6 oxL r}q 

!! b]lv !( ut];Dd hgsk'/df 

cfof]hgf eO{/x]sf] 5 . o;n] 

o'jfju{nfO{ v]nsf] cfjZostf, 

d"No tyf dxTjjf/] ljz]if 

of]ubfg lbg] ljZjf; lnOPsf] 

5 . ;fy} ;lxb tyf pgLx?sf 

kl/jf/k|ltsf] ;Ddfgsf ?kdf 

klg of] v]nnfO{ lng] ul/G5 . 

g]kfndf uNkm Ps 

:yflkt a|f08sf ?kdf kl/lrt 

gfd xf] . o;n] g]kfndf x'g] 

ljleGg km'6jn jf lqms]6 

h:tf v]nx?df k|fof]hg 

;d]t ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . sDkgLn] 

r]GgfO ;'k/ lsª, Dofgr]:6/ 

o'gfO6]8 h:tf cGt/f{li6«o l6d 

tyf k|ltof]lutfx?df ;d]t 

;fem]bf/sf ?kdf /xb}+ cfPsf] 

5 . uNkm cGt/fl{\i6«o n'la|s]G6 

pTkfbs sDkgL xf] . 

hg;jfn klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt, sfof{noM b/af/dfu{, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g÷k\mofS;M )!–$@^%^(&÷$@@!*$(, d'b|sM PS;k|]; sn/ k|]; k|f=ln=, E-mail: janasawalnews@gmail.com, cWoIf÷;DkfbsM /fdhL aufn]

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