More Intelligent Gas Turbine Engines - FTP Directory Listing - Nato

Chapter 6 – Sensor Requirements and Roadmaps 6-1
Abstract 6-1
6.1 Introduction 6-1
6.2 Generic Sensor Requirements 6-3
6.3 Current Technologies 6-5
6.3.1 Current Sensing Principles and Technologies 6-5
6.3.1.1 Temperature Measurement 6-5
6.3.1.2 Piezoresistive Sensing 6-5
6.3.1.3 Piezoelectric Sensing 6-5
6.3.1.4 Capacitive Sensing 6-6
6.3.1.5 Photo-Sensitive Effect 6-6
6.3.1.6 Inductive (Electromagnetic) Sensing 6-6
6.3.1.7 Inertial Measurements 6-6
6.3.1.8 Vibration Element Principle 6-6
6.3.1.9 Magnetic-Optical Detection 6-7
6.3.2 Current Sensors 6-7
6.3.2.1 Temperature Sensing 6-7
6.3.2.2 Pressure Sensing 6-11
6.3.2.3 Speed and One-per-Revolution Phase Angle 6-14
6.3.2.4 Torque 6-15
6.3.2.5 Position 6-15
6.3.2.6 Fuel Flow 6-17
6.3.2.7 Vibration 6-17
6.3.2.8 Light-Off Detector 6-18
6.3.2.9 Flame Contaminant Detector 6-18
6.3.3 Summary of Current Technologies 6-19
6.4 Emerging Technologies 6-20
6.4.1 Potential Sensing Principles and Technologies 6-21
6.4.1.1 MEMS Technology 6-21
6.4.1.2 Optical MEMS Technologies 6-25
6.4.1.3 Signal Transmission 6-25
6.4.1.4 MEMS Packaging 6-26
6.4.1.5 Spectroscopy and Laser Diagnostics 6-26
6.4.1.6 Other Advanced Sensing Principles 6-27
6.4.2 Emerging Sensors 6-28
6.4.2.1 Temperature 6-28
6.4.2.2 Pressure 6-29
6.4.2.3 Vibration and Acceleration 6-31
6.4.2.4 Emission Species 6-32
6.4.2.5 Tip Clearance and Tip Timing 6-33
6.4.2.6 Torque 6-36
6.4.2.7 Position Arrival Time 6-36
6.4.2.8 Fuel Flow 6-36
6.4.2.9 Fuel Properties 6-37
6.4.2.10 Exhaust Gas Composition 6-37
6.4.2.11 Smart Sensors 6-37
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