ENGLISH - Gassco

Value chain for gas
Receiving terminals
are located at Emden and
Dornum in Germany,
Zeebrugge in Belgium,
Dunkerque in France, St Fergus
in Scotland and Easington in
England.
1
OIL
Oil and gas are formed
from the remains of plants, algae,
plankton and marine animals
deposited on the seabed many
millions of years ago, and converted
to hydrocarbons under heat and
pressure.
Gas transport
Gas is transported by ship in
liquefied form, or by pipelines
along the seabed.
Oil transport
Oil can be brought ashore by
shuttle tankers which load
from a buoy on the field, or by
pipeline.
Transmission/distribution
Norwegian gas is transported from the
receiving terminals to end users in
households, industry and power stations
through a well-developed distribution
network.
Oil refining
Crude oil comprises a blend of
liquids or fractions with
different boiling points. In the
refinery, these fractions are
separated in a distillation
column and then processed
into such products as heating
oil, diesel oil or petrol.
A reservoir
is a porous, permeable rock which contains
petroleum, rather like water in a wet sponge.
Three types of rock are needed to create a
commercial reservoir – a source of
hydrocarbons, the actual reservoir and an
impermeable cap which creates a trap to
retain the oil and gas.
End users
Natural gas is used in continental
Europe and the UK by households,
office buildings, market gardens and
other commercial activities, power
stations and manufacturing.