regular smooth curve - Penn Math

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Problem 2. Let �: I � R 3 be a smooth curve and let V � R 3 be a fixed vector. Assume that �'(t) is orthogonal to V for all t � I and also that �(t0) is orthogonal to V for some t0 � I . Prove that �(t) is orthogonal to V for all t � I . Problem 3. Let �: I � R 3 be a smooth curve. Show that |�(t)| is constant if and only if �(t) is orthogonal to �'(t) for all t � I . 4
Definition. A smooth curve �: I � R 3 is said to be regular if �'(t) � 0 for all t � I . Equivalently, we say that � is an immersion of I into R 3 . The curve �(t) = (t 3 , t 2 ) in the plane fails to be regular when t = 0 . A regular smooth curve has a well-defined tangent line at each point, and the map � is one-to-one on a small neighborhood of each point t � I . Convention. For simplicity, we'll begin omitting the word "smooth". So for example, we'll just say "regular curve", but mean "regular smooth curve". 5
Page 1 and 2: Math 501 - Differential Geometry Pr
Page 3: Examples. (1) The helix �(t) = (a
Page 7 and 8: Let �: I � R 3 be a regular (sm
Page 9 and 10: Problem 5. A circular disk of radiu
Page 11 and 12: Problem 7. Let �: I � R 3 be pa
Page 13 and 14: Let �: I � R 3 be parametrized
Page 15 and 16: Problem 12. Let �: I � R 3 be p
Page 17 and 18: THEOREM. Given smooth functions �
Page 19 and 20: Proof of the fundamental theorem of
Page 21 and 22: Now the fundamental existence and u
Page 23 and 24: Let's pause to check that the natur
Page 25 and 26: These six quantities satisfy a syst
Page 27 and 28: Where are we so far? We have proved
Page 29 and 30: The Frenet equations T'(s) = �(s)
Page 31 and 32: Problem 15. Let �: I � R 3 be a
Page 33 and 34: Definitions. A closed plane curve i
Page 35 and 36: If �: [a, b] � R 2 is a regular
Page 37 and 38: Let �: S 1 � R 2 be a regular c
Page 39 and 40: Remark. If �0 and �1 : S 1 �
Page 41 and 42: Tubes about circles in the plane. T
Page 43 and 44: To produce the �-tube about this
Page 45 and 46: Tubes about any curve in 3-space. P
Page 47 and 48: Hence the volume of the �-tube ab
Page 49 and 50: (b) Defining the �-tube about our
Page 51 and 52: Tubes about round spheres in 3-spac
Page 53: Problem. Compute the volume of the

regular smooth curve - Penn Math

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