PIM 1 2012 Final - Canadian Sport Parachuting Association

eak or become permanently
deformed.
Mock-Up: A structure built to resemble the
doorway of a particular aircraft and used
for making practice exits.
Modification: A change in basic design.
N
Night Jump: A parachute jump made between one
hour after sunset and one hour before
sunrise.
Non-Momentum: “Low-speed” manoeuvring during RW,
sequential FS.
Novice
Parachutist:
An “A” CoP holder. A person with an
experience level between student and
“B” CoP
O
Opening Altitude: Height above ground at which the
parachute is activated, either manually
or automatically.
Opening Point: Ground reference point as determined
by the WDI, over which the parachutist
wishes to open his parachute.
Opening Shock: Term used to describe the force
experienced as the canopy opens and
decelerates.
Orientation: To align or position oneself relative to
the ground or horizon.
Oscillation: Pendulum effect caused by harsh
manipulation of the steering controls.
Over-confidence: No perceived limits to ones abilities.
Over-control: Harsh manipulation of the steering
controls, or excessive movement of the
extremities while in freefall
P
Pack: Term used to describe the container -
minus the harness.
Packing: The procedure of folding the parachute
and placing it in the container.
Packing Data
Card:
A record of parachute maintenance and
packing—stored in small pocket on
reserve container.
Packing Table: A long table often comprised of several
pieces, to facilitate the packing of round
parachutes.
Parachute: A device designed to trap a large
volume of air in order to slow the
descent of the load attached to the
device. The word “parachute” is formed
from the French words “para” for shield
and “chute” to fall. Thus, a “parachute”
literally means “to descend from a fall”.
Parachutist: A person who is actively engaged in
parachuting.
Parabolic: Canopy profile where the greatest
diameter is not at the skirt. i.e. T-10
military main canopy.
Partial
Malfunction:
A malfunction of the canopy, having an
adverse effect on the rate of descent -
requiring the use of the reserve
parachute.
Pea Gravel: The most common material used in
construction of a “bowl” or “pit” used for
landing.
CSPA PIM 1 © April 2012 36
Piggyback: A parachute harness/container system
having both main and reserve
containers on the back of the jumper.
Pilot Chute: The small parachute which acts like an
anchor in the air to initiate deployment
of the parachute.
P.L.F.: Parachute Landing Fall. A method of
landing under a parachute.
Poised Exit: Exit from an aircraft where the
parachutist positions themselves
standing on the wheel of the aircraft,
holding onto the wing strut.
Positive Pull-out
System:
Pull-out Pilot
Chute:
Static line system where the static line is
attached to the pilot chute bridle with
break cord or velcro tape, in order to
position the pilot chute in the air
immediately upon activation - reducing
the possibility of pilot chute hesitations
or entanglements.
A hand deployed system with springless
pilot chute. Pulling the handle extracts
the container locking pin allowing
manual placement of the pilot chute into
the air stream.
Procedure: Approved method of doing things.
Protector Flap: A flap which protects an important part
of the parachute assembly - such as
ripcord pins.
Pull Force: The force necessary to activate a
parachute.
Pull-up Cord: Cord of varying length used to assist in
closing the parachute container.
Q
Questions: To be asked whenever there is doubt -
especially when doing something new.
Quick Ejector: A quick release snap found on some
parachute harnesses.
R
Random: Formations used in FS and CF.
Rate of Descent: The vertical velocity in fps or mps of a
fully open parachute, governed by
canopy performance and load.
Reefing Device: A device designed to slow the opening
of the canopy - intended to reduce
opening shock.
Relative Plane: The geometric plane a formation is on
during a jump, usually referred to when
the formation is on the hill, or at subterminal.
Relative Wind: The source or change of source of the
airflow during a freefall. Initially, the
relative source of the wind is from the
front as the body’s movement parallels
the aircraft’s flight, later the source is
from below, as the body falls towards
the earth.
Relative Work: A global term describing jumps where
two or more parachutists intentionally
work in relation with each other whether
in freefall or under canopy, to perform
hook-ups/contact grips and other
manoeuvres in freefall.
Reserve: The second, or emergency, parachute
worn by all parachutists as a safety
back-up in the event of a main