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Decreased Circulating Level of Soluble Glycoprotein-130 in Recurrent Miscarriage Patients 70 Thus, all these evidences could confirm which lower sgp130 in patients may be a probable consequence of their higher depression. 5. Summary and Concluding Remarks Taken together, indeed, as a new result, we found that the changes of some blood parameters like the lower post-abortion level of sgp130 or higher level of some autoimmune markers along with a higher depression score may be associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion. To our knowledge, this study is also relatively novel in that it simultaneously examines the relationship between serum sgp130 levels in recurrent miscarriage patients and their autoantibody titers, some coagulation parameters, the level of Hcy, GCT, FBS, CRP and RF as well as the socio-demographic, psychological, environmental, dietary, laboratory, smoking and lifestyle parameters all of which were intelligently defined as quantitative values. Further studies are needed to determine whether the discussed changes in our parameters are a cause of, or merely a consequence of their abortion event or even abortion-related depression. Further studies are also required to justify the role of sgp130 in recurrent miscarriage. Thus we can summarize by saying that psychological problems, inflammation and autoimmune processes may be associated with each other and with recurrent abortion. Hopefully, these additional information and knowledge provided will, before long, lead to more successful treatment and improved outcome in miscarriage women. Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch for their financial and other support as well as Dr. Parvin Javad Baghdasar (from Molavi clinical Laboratory, Shiraz, Iran), for her assistance with data collection and patient referrals. Conflict of interest: None declared. References [1] Andalib, A., Rezaie, A., Oreizy, F., Shafiei, K., & Baluchi, S., 2006. “A study on stress, depression and NK cytotoxic potential in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion”, Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol, 5(1), pp. 9-16. [2] Arruvito, L., Billordo, A., Capucchio, M., Prada, M. E., & Fainboim, L., 2009. “IL-6 transsignaling and the frequency of CD4+FOXP3+ cells in women with reproductive failure”, J Reprod Immunol, 82(2), pp. 158-165. [3] Arslan, E., Colakoglu, M., Celik, C., Gezginc, K., Acar, A., Capar, M., et al., 2004. “Serum TNF-alpha, IL-6, lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody in women with and without a past history of recurrent miscarriage”, Arch Gynecol Obstet, 270(4), pp. 227-229. [4] Augustyniak, D., Majkowska-Skrobek, G., Basiewicz-Worsztynowicz, B., & Jankowski, A., 2006. “The role of IL-6/sIL-6R complex and its natural inhibitor sgp130 in modulation of inflammatory process”, Postepy Biochem, 52(2), pp. 194-203. [5] Bahar, A. M., Alkarmi, T., Kamel, A. S., & Sljivic, V., 1993. “Anticardiolipin and antinuclear antibodies in patients with unexplained recurrent abortions”, Ann Saudi Med, 13(6), pp. 535- 540. [6] Bustos, D., Moret, A., Tambutti, M., Gogorza, S., Testa, R., Ascione, A., et al., 2006. “Autoantibodies in Argentine women with recurrent pregnancy loss”, Am J Reprod Immunol, 55(3), pp. 201-207. [7] Carrington, B., Sacks, G., & Regan, L., 2005. “Recurrent miscarriage: pathophysiology and outcome”, Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol, 17(6), pp. 591-597. [8] Chamley, L. W., 1997. “Antiphospholipid antibodies or not? The role of beta 2 glycoprotein 1 in autoantibody-mediated pregnancy loss”, J Reprod Immunol, 36(1-2), pp. 123-142.
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