London 2012 Team Leaders' Guide Athletics

London 2012 

Team Leaders’ Guide 

Athletics

All information in this guide was correct at the time of going to press. Changes 

to schedules, procedures, facilities and services, along with any other essential 

updates, will be communicated to teams by competition management if required. 

Changes to competition and training schedules will also appear on Info + .

Welcome 

On behalf of LOCOG, I’m delighted to introduce this Team 

Leaders’ Guide for the London 2012 Paralympic Games. I 

would like to thank everyone from the IPC, NPCs and all our 

stakeholders and partners for their support and advice in 

working with us to ensure that everything is in place for the 

teams and the athletes at Games time. 

We aim to provide the optimum conditions across all of our competition venues, 

ensuring athletes are able to perform at their peak on the world’s biggest sporting 

stage. Our training venues are equipped with a full range of sporting and support 

services that will allow athletes to prepare properly for their competition. Our 

three Paralympic Villages and additional accommodation provide a secure, 

comfortable base and a unique sense of community. And all of our venues are 

connected by a comprehensive and reliable transport service. 

This guide contains important information on a number of subjects: 

– Key dates and personnel, including contact details. 

– Information on the competition format and rules. 

– Guidance on all procedures relating to competition and training. 

– Details of all venue facilities and services, including transport information 

and maps. 

– Summary information on subjects that affect all sports, such as accreditation, 

security and medical services. 

We hope that this guide helps you in your preparations and your activities at 

Games time. However, if you need any further information, please do not hesitate 

to contact a member of the competition management team. 

London 2012 promises to deliver an exciting and memorable summer of worldclass 

competition. I’m delighted to welcome you to it. 

Best regards, 

Debbie Jevans 

Director of Sport, London 2012 Organising Committee 

London 2012 Paralympic Team Leaders’ Guide Athletics 

3

Contents 

Competition: Essentials 7 

Key dates 8 

LOCOG competition management 9 

IPC Athletics 9 

International Technical Officials (ITOs) 10 

International Classifiers 10 

Classifiers for Athletes with Intellectual Impairment 11 

National Technical Officials (NTOs) 11 

Track and road events 15 

Field events 16 

Competition format 17 

Competition rules 18 

Athlete Substitution Rules 18 

Clothing and equipment 18 

IPC Manufacturer Identification Guidelines 

for the London 2012 Paralympic Games 19 

Classification 26 

Doping control 26 

Sport information 27 

Info + 29 

Sport Viewing Room 30 

Competition schedule 32 

Competition: General information 49 

Pre-competition procedures 50 

Olympic Stadium 56 

Competition procedures 56 

Post-competition procedures 59 

The Mall 63 

Competition procedures 63 

Course information 65 

Post-competition procedures 68 

Competition: Venue information 69 

Venue facilities and services 70 

Venue evacuation and emergency procedures 71 

Weather information 71 

Olympic Stadium 73 

Key information 73 

Venue access 73 

Field of play 73 


4 London 2012 Paralympic Team Leaders’ Guide Athletics

Olympic Stadium Warm-up Venue 75 

The Mall 75 

Key information 75 

Venue access 75 

Field of play 75 


Training 77 

Allocation of training sessions 78 

Training regulations 78 

Mayesbrook Park 79 

Newham Sports Complex 80 

Olympic Stadium Warm-up Venue 82 

The Games 85 

Accreditation 86 

Team Welcome Ceremonies 89 

Opening and Closing Ceremonies 89 

Ticketing 90 

Transport 91 

Athletes/NPC transport system (TA) 91 

Paralympic Route Network (PRN) 94 

Public transport 94 

Villages 97 

Security 97 

Recycling 101 

London 2012 102 

Notes 107 

Maps 113 

London overview 

Olympic Park 

Olympic Stadium 

Olympic Stadium Warm-up Venue 

Marathon course 

The Mall 

Mayesbrook Park 

Newham Sports Complex 

Paralympic Village 

London transport 


5


Competition: 

Essentials

Competition: Essentials 

The Athletics competition at the London 2012 Paralympic Games will be held 

from Friday 31 August to Saturday 8 September 2012 at the Olympic Stadium, 

with the Marathon held on the streets of central London on Sunday 9 September. 

The competition will consist of 170 medal events. 

6 August 2012 


23–28 August 2012 



29 August 2012 (Day 0) 

Key dates 

Sport entries final deadline (midnight, 

GMT +1) 

8 London 2012 Paralympic Team Leaders’ Guide Athletics 

p18 

Paralympic Village official opening 

Start of official training p78 

Allocated training sessions at Olympic 

Stadium Warm-up Venue 

p82 

Start of Classification Evaluation Period 

(08:30) 

p50 

Marathon briefing meeting (11:30) p52 

Olympic Stadium orientation (12:30) p52 

Training with official starters at Olympic 

Stadium (12:30) 

End of Classification Evaluation Period 

(12:30) 

p52 

p50 

Athletics technical meeting (10:30) p53 

Paralympic Games Opening Ceremony p89 

31 August 2012 (Day 2) Start of Athletics competition p32 

5 September 2012 (Day 7) Marathon course orientation (13:30) p52 

9 September 2012 (Day 11) 

12 September 2012 Paralympic Village closes 

End of Athletics competition p32 

Paralympic Games Closing Ceremony p89

LOCOG competition management 

Athletics Manager Terry Colton 

Paralympic Athletics Manager Chris Cohen CBE 

Athletics Services Manager Julie Burden 

Athletics Technical Operations Manager Keith Davies 

Athletics Competition Coordinator Malcolm Rogers 

Athletics Administration Group Leader Chloe Wooldridge 

Athletics Athlete Services Group Leader Michelle Walker 

Athletics Field of Play Group Leader 

Angus McKenzie 

Chris Wilding 

Athletics Road Events Group Leader James Savage 

Athletics Sport Information Group Leader Vikki Scott 

Athletics Training Venues Manager Pauline Cooke 

Technical Delegate 

IPC Athletics 

Tarek Souei UAE 

Assistant Technical Delegate Frederico Nantes BRA 

IPC Athletics STC Chair Ed Warner GBR 

IPC Athletics STC Vice-Chair Troy Engle USA 

IPC Athletics Head of Competition Roger Getzmann SUI 

IPC Athletics Head of Technical Control Ben Vroom NED 

IPC Athletics Head of Officiating Tarek Souei UAE 

IPC Athletics Head of Classification Sean Tweedy AUS 

IPC Athletics Sport Manager Ryan Montgomery GBR 

IPC Athletics Coordinator Haozhe Gao CHN 


9 

Competition: 

Essentials

International Technical Officials (ITOs) 

Chief ITO Yukio Seki JPN 

ITOs 


Elena Barrios ESP 

Jerry Clayton USA 

Janelle Eldridge AUS 

Yogasveran Kanagarajah MAS 

Johan Knaap NED 

Eero Kulmala FIN 

Dick Moss USA 

Jasser Nuweiran JOR 

John Schoemaker NED 

John Stephens USA 

Ernesta Strydom RSA 

International Starter Alan Bell GBR 

International Photo Finish Judge David Littlewood GBR 

Chairman of Jury of Appeal Ben Vroom NED 

Jury of Appeal 

International Classifiers (IC) 

Lorraine Morgan AUS 

Jack Todd USA 

Chief Classifier Hilary Beeton RSA 

International Classifiers 

Khelladi Mohammed Amine ALG 

Denise Hutchins USA 

Tatsuru Ibusuki JPN 

Rob Kinder GBR 

Dimitrios Patatoukas GRE 

Sean Tweedy AUS

International Classifiers 

Classifiers for athletes with intellectual impairment 

National Technical Officials (NTOs) 

(all GBR unless stated) 

Linda Bartholomoew RSA 

Emma Beckman AUS 

Melanie Gregg CAN 

Thomas Hammond CAN 

Competition Directors Chris Cohen CBE Malcolm Rogers 

Technical Director Keith Davies 

Assistant Technical 

Directors 

David Brown Nick Higman 

Finlay Galloway 

Meeting Manager Stan Burton Moira Gallagher 

Competition Secretary Alan Vincent 

Technical Manager Chris Wilding 

Assistant Technical 

Managers 

Equipment Officer Malcolm Fletcher 

Clerks of Course 

Dave Holder Daryll Quinn 

John Askew Jan Lishman 

Neville Corey Peter Russell 

Andrew Hulse 

Track Referee Linda Turner 

Assistant Referee Christine Baker 

Chief Judge Gill Freeman 

Chief Umpires 

Terry Bailey Roz Randle 

Pam Brown Margaret Rushton 

Jim Callender 


11 

Competition: 

Essentials

Umpires 

Graham Acott Andy Law 

Stewart Barnes Noel McKakly 


Carol Brown Margaret-Anne McLachlan 

Malcolm Charlish Graham Merrington 

Jeanne Coker Rob Mulgrue 

Mike Dooling Barry Parker 

Maureen Fletcher Ruth Rushton 

Rhona Foster Jane Scott 

Barbara Goodall Steve Snodden 

Alyson Harvey John Tanner 

Chris Haxell Philip West 

Gwen Hines Richard Whybrow 

Pat Hockley Matt Witt 

Jim Jones 

Marathon Referee Graham Heeley 

Field Referees 

Chief Judges 

Field Judges 

John Gandee Dean Williams 

Peter Nicholson 

Ros Alterman Shona Malcolm 

Roger Blades Chris Stott 

David Holliday Len Twort 

Dave Jessett Liz Wilder 

Peter Lee 

Joy Alexander Jon Mason 

David Allen Louise Matthews 

Susan Alvey Sue Maughan 

Chris Apsey Bob Miller 

Hugh Baillie Alan Morris 

Sheila Baillie Noel Moss 

Rick Beddows Janette Murray 

Chris Berry Paul Nash 

Sue Bishop Heather Nelson

Field Judges (continued) 

Start Coordinator Margaret Werrett 

Start Referee Dave Biggin 

Starter Gordon Staines 

Chief Starters’ Assistant John Pickles 

Starters’ Assistants 

Chief Photo Finish Judge Sandy Forrest 

Photofinish Judges 

Cathy Briggs Margaret Nelson 

Margaret Brooks Mike Oakley 

Andrew Brown Andy Pottinger 

Margaret Brown Joyce Rammell 

Patricia Brown Pamela Ross 

Ralph Burrows Paul Rutter 

Peter Crawshaw Tony Sach 

Peter Darts Jonathan Shaw 

Julie Dew Tony Shaw 

Kevin Diedrick Aiden Smith 

Geoff Durbin Paul Smith 

Nicola Evans Sue Smith 

Anne Fletcher Brenda Stephen 

Colin Fox Mark Stringer 

Brian Hadley Janette Tomlins 

Stuart Hall James Townend 

Lis Henderson Rob Walker 

Sally Higman Sheila Whitta 

Joy Hoare Arwel Williams 

Jess Lacey Elaine Williams 

Robin Mack John Wright 

Steve Marshall Simon Wright 

Angus Cameron Melissa Robertson 

John Hallatt Paul Yates 

Michael Forrest Cameron Lindsay 

Alison Jordan 


13 

Competition: 

Essentials

Call Room Manager Wendy Haxell 

Assistant Call Room 

Managers 

Bill Courtney John Procter 

Call Room Referees David Pryce Ed Wicks 

Call Room Officials 

TIC Manager Chris Lockley 

TIC Officials 

Barbara Abbott Stephanie Paparizos 

Gerald Alterman Stuart Paul 

Gareth Bagguley Adie Pottinger 

Jemma Bates Julie Roe 

Monica Bristow Pamela Rogers 

Barbara Charlish Ian Schofield 

Tony Cheatham Linda Schofield 

Christine Courtney Emma Scoggins 

Malcolm Dewell Doug Scott 

Brenda Ford Selly Selvaratnam 

John Freeman Janet Smith 

Ruth Harris Mike Stubbs 

Ian Horsley Peter Terry 

Jean Jackson Lorraine Vidler 

Chris Lidstone Al Weaver 

Margaret McInally Tony Williams 

Andrew Minnis Clive Young 

Ian Anholm John Gwyther 

Paul Avery Mary Hodges 

Brenda Avery Pat Lockley 

Malcolm Brooks Jason Pender 

Rowena Ferrier Bill Watson 

Keith Flint 

SID Official Sharon Herbert 

Video Manager Maureen Bullen 

Post Event Manager Andrew Clatworthy 


Post Event Officials Gaye Clarke Vic Hockley 

Officials Liaisons Lynda Lenton Peter Lenton 

Track and road events 

Men (61) Women (39) 

100m (15) 100m (14) 

T11 T42 T11 T38 

T12 T44 T12 T42 

T13 T46 T13 T44 

T34 T51 T34 T46 

T35 T52 T35 T52 

T36 T53 T36 T53 

T37 T54 T37 T54 

T38 

200m (13) 200m (11) 

T11 T38 T11 T38 

T12 T42 T12 T44 

T13 T44 T34 T46 

T34 T46 T35 T52 

T35 T52 T36 T53 

T36 T53 T37 

T37 

400m (10) 400m (6) 

T11 T44 T12 T46 

T12 T46 T13 T53 

T13 T52 T37 T54 

T36 T53 

T38 T54 


15 

Competition: 

Essentials

800m (8) 800m (2) 

T12 T46 T53 T54 

T13 T52 

T36 T53 

T37 T54 

1500m (6) 1500m (3) 

T11 T37 T12 T54 

T13 T46 T20 

T20 T54 

5000m (3) 5000m (1) 

T11 T54 T54 

T12 

Marathon (3) Marathon (1) 

T12 T54 T54 

T46 

4 x 100m Relay (2) 4 x 100m Relay (1) 

T11–13 T42–46 T35–38 

T53–54 

4 x 400m Relay (1) 

Field events 

Men (42) Women (28) 

Shot Put (11) Shot Put (9) 

F11/12 F42/44 F11/12 F40 

F20 F46 F20 F42/44 

F32/33 F52/53 F32/33/34 F54/55/56 

F34 F54/55/56 F35/36 F57/58 

F37/38 F57/58 F37 

F40 


Discus Throw (10) Discus Throw (6) 

F11 F42 F11/12 F40 

F32/33/34 F44 F35/36 F51/52/53 

F35/36 F51/52/53 F37 F57/58 

F37/38 F54/55/56 

F40 F57/58 

Javelin Throw (8) Javelin Throw (6) 

F12/13 F44 F12/13 F52/53/33/34 

F33/34 F52/53 F37/38 F54/55/56 

F40 F54/55/56 F46 F57/58 

F42 F57/58 

Club Throw (1) Club Throw (1) 

F31/32/51 F31/32/51 

Long Jump (7) Long Jump (6) 

F11 F37/38 F11/12 F37/38 

F13 F42/44 F13 F42/44 

F20 F46 F20 F46 

F36 

Triple Jump (3) 

F11 F46 

F12 

High Jump (2) 

F42 F46 

Competition format 

Track events 

In track events, there will be a maximum of three rounds (first round, semi-finals 

and finals), based on the number of competitors. 

Field events 

All field events are held as finals only. In the case of seated throws events in 

which more than 12 entries are received, the first section (three trials) of the final 

may be held in two parallel pools. In all cases, all athletes will receive three trials, 

and the best eight athletes will have a further three trials. In field events in which 


17 

Competition: 

Essentials

more than one sport class compete, a formula for deciding the results, known as 

the Raza Tables, will be used. 

Marathon 

The Marathons will be conducted through the streets of London, starting and 

finishing along The Mall. These races are finals only. 

Competition rules 

The Athletics competition will be held in accordance with the editions of the 

following documents that are in force at the time of the Games: 

– IPC Athletics Rules and Regulations 2011–2012 (available at ipc-athletics. 

paralympic.org) 

– IPC Handbook (available at paralympic.org) 

IPC Athletics, working with LOCOG Athletics competition management, will be 

responsible for the technical control and direction of the Athletics competition at 

the London 2012 Paralympic Games. 

Athlete Substitution Rules 

Athlete substitutions will only be considered for an NPC if the substitution is in the 

same sport, event and sport class. Substitute athletes must have met the 

qualification criteria for the respective event(s), and must also have signed the IPC 

Eligibility Code Form. In addition, the athlete’s NPC must have submitted an 

Accreditation Application Form for the substitute athlete by the deadline of 20 

April 2012. 

Substitutions may only be made for athletes who withdraw due to injury, illness or 

other special circumstances, prior to completion of the Sport Entries sign-off 

conducted during the NPC’s DRM. Regardless of the situation, all substitutions are 

subject to final review and approval by the IPC. Absolutely no substitutions will be 

permitted after the DRM. 

NPCs must complete an Official Substitution Application Form, which will be 

available on request through the LOCOG Sport Entries team, for any proposed 

substitution between the Final Entries deadline (6 August 2012) and their DRM. 

NPCs must return the completed form to the LOCOG Sport Entries team for 

consideration and processing. 

Full details on all aspects of the sport entries process, including information on the 

procedures if an athlete’s sport class changes during the Classification Evaluation 

Period, are available in the London 2012 Paralympic Games Sport Entries Manual. 


Clothing and equipment 

Clothing and equipment used by athletes and other participants in the 

Athletics competition at the Paralympic Games must comply with the documents 

listed below: 

– IPC Athletics Rules and Regulations (available at ipc-athletics.paralympic.org) 

– IPC Handbook (available at paralympic.org) 

– IPC Manufacturer Identification Guidelines for the London 2012 Paralympic 

Games (available at paralympic.org) 

IPC Manufacturer Identification Guidelines for the London 2012 

Paralympic Games 

One of the key factors that differentiate the Paralympic Games from other 

sporting events is the visual presentation of the Games, which includes the ‘look’ 

of the participants, the venues and the field of play. 

Pursuant to the IPC Handbook, section 1, chapter 3 (Paralympic Games 

Principles), no form of publicity or propaganda, commercial or otherwise, may 

appear on persons, sportswear, accessories or, more generally, on any article of 

clothing or equipment whatsoever worn or used by persons participating in the 

Paralympic Games, except for the identification of the manufacturer of the article 

or equipment concerned, provided that such identification shall not be marked 

conspicuously for advertising purposes. 

An authorised identification may only be used in compliance with the terms of the 

IPC Handbook, the IPC Manufacturer Identification Guidelines for the London 

2012 Paralympic Games (distributed by the IPC to all NPCs and IPSFs) or as 

further approved in writing by the IPC. The IPC reserves the right to prohibit the 

use of any authorised identification on any given item in order to ensure the spirit 

of the principles of the IPC Handbook and the IPC Manufacturer Identification 

Guidelines for the London 2012 Paralympic Games are respected. 

Below, please find the sport-specific guidelines from the IPC Manufacturer 

Identification Guidelines for the London 2012 Paralympic Games. However, all 

NPCs are strongly advised to refer to the complete IPC Manufacturer Identification 

Guidelines document for detailed information and instruction on the rules 

governing clothing, shoes, accessories, sporting equipment and mobility 

equipment at the Games. 


19 

Competition: 

Essentials

T-shirt/singlet, shorts/pants, 

jacket, tracksuit/warm-up 

suit, undergarment/support 

One-piece body suit 

Gloves, towel, armband, 

socks, watch 

Headgear 

Eyewear 

Bag, javelin, helmets, joint 

and abdominal support/ 

weight belt, throwing 

implements 

Shoes/spikes 

Prosthetics 

Sport-specific information 

(from IPC Manufacturer Identification Guidelines) 

Clothing 

One manufacturer identification per clothing 

item will be permitted, to a maximum size of 

20cm². 


Exception: Where one-piece body suits are used in 

competition, one manufacturer’s identification shall 

be permitted above the waist and one below the 

waist, in accordance with the maximum size noted 

above, however these identifications shall not be 

placed immediately adjacent to each other. 

Accessories 

One manufacturer identification per accessory item 

will be permitted, to a maximum size of 6cm 2 . 

One identification of the manufacturer per accessory 

item will be permitted, to a maximum size of 6cm 2 

and placed above either one of the ears. 

One manufacturer identification per accessory item 

will be permitted, placed on one of the arms and to a 

maximum size of 6cm 2 ; alternatively, two 

manufacturer identifications will be permitted, placed 

one on each arm and to a maximum size of 3cm 2 

each. 

Equipment 

One manufacturer identification per equipment item 

will be permitted, not greater than 10% of the surface 

area of the item, to a maximum size of 60cm 2 . 

Shoes/footwear 

All footwear items may carry the identification of the 

manufacturer as generally used on products sold 

through the retail trade during the period of 12 

months prior to the Games. 

Mobility equipment 

One manufacturer identification per equipment item 

will be permitted, not greater than 10% of the surface 

area of the item, to a maximum size of 60cm 2 .

Wheelchair 

Athletes’ bibs and transponders 

See p54. 

Frame: The identification of the manufacturer may 

appear in a maximum of two places on the frame 

and may not exceed 2cm in height and 20cm in 

length. 

Cushion: The identification of the manufacturer may 

appear on the side or both sides of the cushion but 

must not exceed 30cm² in each instance. 

Back upholstery: The manufacturer identification may 

appear on the back upholstery but must not exceed 

30cm². 

Wheels: One manufacturer identification may appear 

on the wheels but must not exceed 12cm². 

Spoke protectors: The manufacturer identification of 

the specific wheelchair in question may appear on 

both spoke protectors but must not exceed 12cm² in 

either instance. 


21 

Competition: 

Essentials

Throwing implements 

The list of approved throwing implements is as follows: 

Neuff 

Neuff 

Neuff 

Anand 

Manufacturer Description Colour 

Clubs 397gm 

Wooden Club – round 

head 

Wooden Club – cylindrical 

head 

Wooden Club – small 

round head 

Shot 7.26kg 

ATE Competition, dia: 

129mm 


Certification 

No. 

– None 

– None 

– None 

Yellow I-05-0322 

Nelco Turned iron, dia: 128mm Yellow I-99-0093 

NISHI Steel, dia: 129mm Silver I-99-0083 

NISHI Steel, dia: 125.5mm Silver I-99-0087 

Nordic Sport 

Olympic Super, dia: 

128mm 

Yellow I-99-0021 

Nordic Sport Stainless steel, dia: 117mm Silver I-99-0024 

Polanik Steel, dia: 113mm Blue 1-04-0304 

Nelco Brass, dia: 110mm Gold 1-99-0144 

Shot 6kg 

Nelco Turned Steel, dia: 124mm Yellow 1-02-0260 

Nelco Brass, dia: 106mm Gold 1-02-0281 

Nelco Turned Iron, dia: 119mm Red 1-02-0282 

Polanik Turned steel, dia: 115mm Blue 1-02-0262 

Polanik 

Stainless Steel, 

Competition, dia 110mm 

Shot 5kg 

Metal 1-02-0263 

Nordic Sport Brass, dia: 100mm Gold 1-03-0294 

Polanik 

Stainless Steel, dia: 

110mm 

Silver 1-00-0196

Polanik 

Stainless Steel, dia: 

115mm 

Shot 4kg 

Metal 1-00-0234 

Nelco Turned iron, dia: 104mm Black I-99-0137 



Nordic Sport Turned steel, dia: 108mm Red I-99-0025 

Polanik 

Polanik 

Competition, steel, dia: 

100mm 

Shot 3kg 

Steel, Competition, dia: 

85mm 

Various I-99-0150 

Various 1-11-0532 

Polanik Steel, dia 95mm None 

Polanik 

Polanik 


100mm 


108mm 

Shot 2kg 

Various 1-11-0533 

Various 1-11-0534 

Neuff Iron, 85mm – None 

Neuff Iron, 90mm – None 

Discus 2kg 

Anand ATE Gold White I-05-0324 

Denfi Sport Skymaster 

Red/white 

center 

Denfi Sport Jurgen Schult Ultimate Spin White/yellow 

centre 

Nelco 

UCS 

Gold, brass rim, plastic 

sides 

Orange Flyer Medium 

Moment 

Discus 1.5kg 

I-02-0270 

I-99-0098 

White/gold I-99-0095 

Orange I-99-0122 

Nelco Lo Spin, Steel rim Red 1-02-0259 

Nordic Sport Super Spin, Brass rim Black/gold 1-07-0391 

Polanik Competition Blue 1-11-0495 

UCS Blue Flyer Low Moment Blue 1-09-0452 


23 

Competition: 

Essentials

Discus 1kg 

Anand ATE Indra White I-06-0374 

Denfi Sport Jurgen Schult Ultimate Spin White/yellow I-99-0099 

Nelco Gold, brass rim, plastic sides White/gold I-99-0096 

NISHI 

Super HM, steel rim, FRP 

sides 


Purple/ 

black/white 

I-02-0256 

Nordic Sport Super Spin, brass rim, Black/gold I-99-0031 

Discus 0.75kg 

Neuff International – None 

Neuff Challenger – None 

Neuff Laminated Wood – None 

Javelin 800gm 

Nemeth Classic 95m, composit 

Nemeth Classic 90m, aluminium 

Nemeth 

Nordic Sport 

Nordic Sport 

Nordic Sport 

Club 85m, aluminium, violet 

cord 

Airglider Carbon, carbon, 

red cord 

Champion Carbon, carbon, 

lilac cord 

Champion Steel, steel, black 

cord 

Violet/ 

yellow/ 

orange 

Violet/ 

yellow/green 

Violet/ 

yellow/blue 

White, red 

spiral 

White, lilac 

spiral 

I-08-0400 

I-99-0100 

I-99-0104 

I-03-0300 

I-99-0189 

Lilac, white I-99-0012 

Nemeth Universal Competition Yellow – 

Nordic Sport Viking Steel Blue 1-04-0308 

Javelin 600gm 

Nemeth Classic 85m, composit 

Nemeth Classic 80m, aluminium 

Nemeth 

Club 75m, aluminium, violet 

cord 

Violet/ 

yellow/ 

orange 

Violet/ 

yellow/green 

Violet/ 

yellow/blue 

I-09-0428 

I-99-0102 

I-99-0103

Nemeth 

Nordic Sport 

Nordic Sport 

Standard 70m, aluminium, 

violet cord 

Diana 80 Carbon, carbon, 

blue cord, 80m 

Diana 80, steel, blue cord, 

80m 

Violet I-99-0107 

White, lilac 

spiral 

I-99-0191 

Lilac, white I-99-0018 

Nordic Sport Classic flex 9.2 Metal – 

Nemeth Universal Competition Yellow 1-09-0427 

Nordic Sport Viking flex 11.1 Blue 1-04-0306 

Personal implements for competition may be handed in at the information office 

at the Olympic Stadium Warm-up Venue or the Technical Information Centre (TIC) 

at the Olympic Stadium no later than 16:00 on the day before the first round of 

that event. A self-copying Personal Implement Receipt form will be completed with 

the relevant details and a copy will be handed to the athlete or coach. 

The implements will be labelled with the athlete’s name and bib number. After the 

deadline for submission, a list of the implements will be submitted to the IPC 

Athletics Technical Delegate for confirmation that they are acceptable, noting any 

that are already on the approved list. 

On receiving confirmation, the implements will be inspected for conformity. Any 

implement that fails to satisfy the Equipment Officer will be rejected, with the 

reason noted on the form and the relevant athlete or coach notified through the 

pigeonholes at the TIC at the Olympic Stadium and the Sport Information Centre 

(SIC) in the Paralympic Village. A full list of labelled implements will then be 

prepared for the competition and confirmed by the Technical Delegate. 

Personal implements will not be returned to the athletes after the final of each 

event. Implements may be collected from the TIC after this time. 

Markers 

Athletes are not permitted to use their own markers during the Athletics 

competition. Those athletes wishing to use a marker must use the markers 

provided by LOCOG. 


25 

Competition: 

Essentials

Event Markers 

Long Jump, Triple Jump, High Jump, 

Javelin Throw 

Relays 

Throws made from a circle 

Available at event site 


Competition officials will provide 

adhesive tape 

Athletes may use only one marker, which 

is to be placed on the ground 

immediately behind or next to the circle 

(IPC Athletics Rule 24:3b) 

Measurement and timing 

All timing and measurement will be carried out by Omega, who will provide all 

timing and measurement equipment including starting blocks. The start signal will 

be by electronic gun sound. Athletes will hear the signal directly from the starting 

blocks and through other speakers located nearby. 

Classification 

The purpose of the Paralympic sport classification system is to minimise the impact 

of impairment on the outcome of competition, so that the athletes who succeed in 

competition are those with the best anthropometry, physiology and psychology 

and who have enhanced them to best effect through hard training and quality 

coaching. To achieve this, athletes are grouped into classes according to how 

much their impairment impacts on their sport-specific performance. 

It is the collective responsibility of each athlete and their NPC, through the Chef 

de Mission and the relevant team officials, to be informed about and comply with 

all classification policies and procedures relating to the London 2012 Paralympic 

Games and each IPSF’s classification rules. Each NPC is also responsible for 

ensuring that international classification resulting in a sport class status of Review 

or Confirmed is obtained for all athletes who are intending to participate in the 

London 2012 Paralympic Games. NPCs are responsible for verifying the 

classification status of their athletes before their Delegation Registration Meeting 

(DRM) in London, on the basis of the Classification Master List published by the 

relevant IPSF. 

For sport-specific information on classification procedures at the London 2012 

Paralympic Games, see p50. For full details on all aspects of classification at the 

Games, refer to the London 2012 Paralympic Games Classification Guide, which is 

available for download from The Exchange (https://theexchange.london2012.com). 

Doping control 

Under the direction of the IPC, LOCOG is responsible for implementing the 

doping control programme during the London 2012 Paralympic Games.

The programme will be carried out in accordance with the IPC Anti-Doping 

Code, and will comply with the World Anti-Doping Code and its relevant 

International Standards. 

Every athlete may be selected to undergo one or more doping control tests 

during the period of the Paralympic Games, defined here as running from 22 

August (the day the Paralympic Village opens) to 9 September (the day of the 

Closing Ceremony). 

Testing selection during the period of the Paralympic Games will be the 

responsibility of the IPC, and will include both in- and out-of-competition testing 

through the collection of urine and/or blood samples. Testing will be conducted 

at Doping Control Stations set up at all competition venues and Villages. All 

sample analysis will be performed in a WADA-accredited laboratory established 

for the Games. 

Full details of doping control procedures are available in the London 2012 

Paralympic Games Doping Control Guide, which may be downloaded from The 

Exchange (https://theexchange.london2012.com). Printed copies of the guide 

will be available in all Doping Control Stations during the Games. NPCs should 

also note that a brief guide to doping control procedures will be distributed to all 

athletes. 

NPCs may request an additional doping control for one of their athletes (for 

example, an athlete breaking a national record) by completing an application 

form, available from the TIC, and on payment of the relevant fee, payable at the 

TIC on completion of the application form. The athlete should be available for 

testing when the application is returned. 

Sport information 

Sport Information Centre (SIC) and Technical Information Centre (TIC) 

Information on the Athletics competition will be available at the TIC at the 

Olympic Stadium, the TIC at The Mall and the SIC in the Paralympic Village. The 

desks will provide a variety of services to NPCs, as follows: 

– The dissemination of general sport information, through sport publications and 

through discussions with sport-specific staff. 

– The distribution of results, start lists and other key competition information, 

including schedule updates where required. 

– The provision of training schedule information and, where available, assistance 

with booking and changing training sessions. 

– The distribution of classification evaluation results and the opportunity for 

NPCs and Chief Classifiers to submit classification protests and appeals. For 

full details on classification, please refer to the London 2012 Paralympic 

Games Classification Guide. 


27 

Competition: 

Essentials

– Assistance with the communication of key information from IPSFs and LOCOG 

to NPCs. 

– Distribution of bib numbers (SIC only; see p54). 

– Distribution and collection of personal drinks bottles for Marathon events (SIC 

only; see p55). 

– Protests against the result of an event (protests must be registered at the 

Stadium TIC for events at the Olympic Stadium and The Mall TIC for road 

events no later than 30 minutes after the result is posted on the noticeboard 

outside the relevant TIC). 

– Team declarations and confirmations (to be lodged at the Stadium TIC). 

– Information on transport services. 

– Lost and found (Stadium TIC only). 

– Ordering of Athlete Venue Meals (AVMs; SIC only). 

– Team radio frequency checks (SIC only). 

The SIC will open on 22 August, the day the Paralympic Village opens, and will 

be open every day throughout the Games. The opening hours are as follows: 

SIC opening hours 

22–23 August 2012 08:00–20:00 

24 August – 9 September 2012 07:00–23:00 

10–12 September 2012 09:00–18:00 

The TIC at the Olympic Stadium will open on 28 August, and will be open every 

day until the end of the Athletics competition at the venue except 29 August (the 

day of the Opening Ceremony). The opening hours are as follows: 

TIC opening hours (Olympic Stadium) 

28 August 2012 10:00–16:00 



The Sport Information Desk (SID) at the Warm-up Venue will be open from 24 

August onwards. From 24 to 27 August, it will open from 08:00 to 20:00; on 28 

August, it will open from 08:00 to 15:00. The Warm-up Venue will be closed on 

August 29 and 30, and so the desk will not operate on these days. From 31 

August, the desk will be open from 08:00 until one hour after competition finishes 

each day. 


The TIC at The Mall will open on 9 September only, from 07:15 until 15:00. 

Info + 

Info + , the official Games information system, will go live five days before the 

Paralympic Games Opening Ceremony. The system will offer a range of content, 

as follows: 

Games results 

Games news 

Biographies 

Medals 

Schedules 

Background 

Records 

Competition results viewable by sport, date and country, 

including entry lists, start lists and additional sport-specific reports 

Flash quotes, media conference highlights, sport previews, news 

articles, statistics-driven reports, media communications and IPC 

news 

Athlete biographies, team profiles, coach profiles and NPC 

profiles 

Medal standings by sport, overall medal standings, medallists by 

day and medallists by sport/event 

Competition and non-competition schedules, including media 

conferences, IPC activities and the Cultural Olympiad 

Historical data, statistics, competition formats and rules, 

qualification criteria and venue descriptions 

World and Paralympic records, including current records, record 

holders and new or equalled records 

Transport Transport schedules and maps 

Weather Real-time weather conditions and forecasts 

Message board 

Public forums for internal communication managed directly by 

authorised Info + users, including the IPC, LOCOG, NPCs, IPSFs 

and future Paralympic Games Organising Committees 

myInfo + allows users access to Info + from their own PC or laptop. Access will be 

available to users with an account (purchased via Rate Card) wherever there is 

access to the internet, and will include the same information available at 

dedicated Info + workstations. Additional features include user customisation (for 

example, by sport), message alerts, bookmarking, hyperlinking to other key 

websites, downloadable results books, the ability to copy and paste information 

from results and news reports, and portability. 


29 

Competition: 

Essentials

Info + workstations are available at the following venues: 

– NPC offices with delegations of more than 25 people. 

– Competition venues in team and athlete areas (note that there will not be Info + 

workstations at the TICs, although they will be equipped with a myInfo + 

account). There will be Info + terminals at the Olympic Stadium TIC and The 

Mall TIC. 

– The Paralympic Village: the NPC Services Centre, the Polyclinic, the Village 

Protocol Office, resident centres, the SIC and the Welcome Centre. 

– Paralympic Family hotels. 

Sport Viewing Room 

The Sport Viewing Room (SVR) in the Paralympic Village will provide teams and 

athletes with coverage of sport competition (where available) for assistance with 

their training, analysis and preparation. Please note: competition sessions without 

Olympic Broadcasting Services (OBS) broadcast coverage will not be available 

via the SVR. All recordings will be provided on DVDs, and will be issued to NPCs 

free of charge. The use of this footage has to be in line with the IPC policy 

regarding filming at, access to and use of Paralympic video footage and 

photography of the London 2012 Paralympic Games for NPCs. 

At the SVR, teams may request recordings of sessions in which they and/or their 

future opponents have participated. Each team will be limited to one copy of 

each session in which they have an interest. Recordings will be provided as full 

sessions only; there will be no facility at the SVR for editing footage within a 

particular session. NPCs should also note that DVDs will not be provided for 

events that have already finished, as the SVR facilities are designed to aid 

training, analysis and preparation for ongoing Paralympic competition. 

DVDs of particular sessions should be reserved in advance at the SVR and then 

collected when available. DVDs may also be available to teams on a walk-in 

basis, with no advance reservations. However, teams without advance 

reservations should be aware that there may be delays in supplying DVDs during 

busy periods. In some instances, footage of a particular session may not be 

available without an advance reservation. 

NPCs may take the DVDs away from the SVR for viewing elsewhere, or they may 

watch them in the SVR viewing stations. There are two larger viewings stations 

suitable for use by teams competing in team sports, and up to 10 smaller viewing 

stations suitable for smaller groups (for example, an athlete and a coach). 

Viewing stations may also be reserved in advance at the SVR. The length of each 

reservation will vary by sport based on the general length of competition sessions 

and the type of footage requested. Any viewing stations not reserved in advance 

will be available to NPCs without reservations on a walk-in basis. 


The SVR will open on 28 August, the day before the Paralympic Games Opening 

Ceremony, and will be open every day throughout the Games. The scheduled 

opening hours are as follows: 

SVR opening hours 


10 September 2012 09:00–18:00 


31 

Competition: 

Essentials

Competition schedule 

Changes to the competition schedule will be communicated to NPCs through the 

SIC, the TIC at the Olympic Stadium and the TIC at The Mall. For details, see 

p27. Changes will also appear on Info + . 

31 August 2012 (Day 2), Olympic Stadium 

AT01 

10:00 start time 

Women’s 5000m – T54: round 1 

Men’s Club Throw – F31/32/51: final 

Women’s Long Jump – F37/38: final 

Women’s Discus Throw – F35/36: final 

Men’s Shot Put – F42/44: final 

Men’s 400m – T13: round 1 




Women’s Discus Throw – F35/36: 

Victory Ceremony 

Women’s Long Jump – F37/38: Victory Ceremony 


Men’s Shot Put – F42/44: Victory Ceremony 


Men’s Club Throw – F31/32/51: Victory Ceremony 




Men’s Discus Throw – F57/58: final 



Men’s Long Jump – F42/44: final 

Women’s Discus Throw – F40: final 

Women’s 100m – T34: final 

Men’s 200m – T37: final 

AT02 


19:00 start time Women’s 200m – T35: final 

Women’s 100m – T34: Victory Ceremony 

Men’s 200m – T37: Victory Ceremony 

Men’s 100m – T35: round 1, heat 1 

Men’s Long Jump – F42/44: Victory Ceremony 


Women’s Discus Throw – F40: Victory Ceremony 



1 September 2012 (Day 3), Olympic Stadium 

AT03 


Men’s 5000m – T54: semi-finals 

Women’s Club Throw – F31/32/51: final 

Men’s Shot Put – F54/55/56: final 




Men’s Long Jump – F13: final 

Women’s 200m – T11: round 1, heats 1 and 2 

Men’s Discus Throw – F57/58: Victory Ceremony 

Women’s 200m – T11: round 1, heats 3 and 4 



33 

Competition: 

Essentials

AT03 

(continued) 


AT04 





Women’s Discus Throw – F11/12: Victory Ceremony 


Men’s Long Jump – F13: Victory Ceremony 



Women’s Club Throw – F31/32/51: Victory Ceremony 



Men’s Shot Put – F54/55/56: Victory Ceremony 


Women’s Shot Put – F54/55/56: final 

Men’s Javelin Throw – F33/34: final 



Men’s Triple Jump – F46: final 


Women’s Javelin Throw – F46: final 







Women’s 100m – T53: round 1, heat 1 









Women’s Javelin Throw – F46: Victory Ceremony 

AT04 

(continued) Men’s 800m – T37: Victory Ceremony 



Men’s Triple Jump – F46: Victory Ceremony 



Women’s Shot Put – F54/55/56: Victory Ceremony 

Men’s Javelin Throw – F33/34: Victory Ceremony 


AT05 



Women’s Javelin Throw – F12/13: final 

Women’s Shot Put – F35/36: final 









Women’s 100m – T12: semi-finals 

Men’s Discus Throw – F42: final 

Women’s Shot Put – F35/36: Victory Ceremony 


Women’s Javelin Throw – F12/13: Victory Ceremony 


35 

Competition: 

Essentials

AT05 

(continued) 


AT06 







Men’s Discus Throw – F42: Victory Ceremony 






Men’s Javelin Throw – F44: final 




Women’s Long Jump – F46: final 










Men’s Javelin Throw – F44: Victory Ceremony 



Women’s Long Jump – F46: Victory Ceremony 






Men’s 200m – T44 final 

AT06 

(continued) Men’s 400m – T13: Victory Ceremony 






AT07 

















Men’s 100m – T12: round 1, heats 1 and 2 


Men’s 100m – T12: round 1, heats 3–5 





37 

Competition: 

Essentials

AT08 



Women’s Javelin Throw – F52/53/33/34: final 







Men’s High Jump – F42: final 








Women’s Long Jump – F20: Victory Ceremony 







Men’s High Jump – F42: Victory Ceremony 

Men’s 200m – T11: round 1, heats 1 and 2 







AT08 


(continued) 

19:00 start time Men’s 200m – T11: round 1, heat 5 

Women’s Javelin Throw – F52/53/33/34: Victory Ceremony 


AT09 


AT10 









Women’s Shot Put – F37: final 




Women’s Shot Put – F37: Victory Ceremony 

Women’s 4 x 100m Relay – T35–38: round 1 








Men’s Shot Put – F34: final 





39 

Competition: 

Essentials

AT10 

(continued) 
















Men ‘s 200m – T11: Victory Ceremony 






Women’s 4 x 100m Relay – T35–38: final 


Women’s Discus Throw – F57/58: Victory Ceremony 



Men’s Shot Put – F34: Victory Ceremony 



AT11 


AT12 




Men’s Discus Throw – F54/55/56: final 














Men’s 4 x 100m Relay – T42–46: round 1, heat 1 

Women’s 4 x 100m Relay – T35–38: 


Men’s 4 x 100m Relay – T42–46: round 1, heat 2 

Men’s Discus Throw – F54/55/56: 




Men’s 4 x 100m Relay – T11–13: round 1 


Women’s Javelin Throw – F54/55/56: final 

Men’s Long Jump – F37/38: final 





41 

Competition: 

Essentials

AT12 

(continued) 














Men’s Long Jump – F37/38: Victory Ceremony 








Men’s 4 x 100m Relay – T11–13: final 



Men’s 4 x 100m Relay – T42–46: final 

Women’s Javelin Throw – F54/55/56: Victory Ceremony 

Men’s 4 x 100m Relay – T11–13: Victory Ceremony 


Men’s 4 x 100m Relay – T42–46: Victory Ceremony 



AT13 


AT14 







Women’s Discus Throw – F37: final 













Women’s Discus Throw – F37: Victory Ceremony 




Women’s Shot Put – F32/33/34: final 





Men’s Discus Throw – F51/52/53: Victory Ceremony 



43 

Competition: 

Essentials

AT14 

(continued) 

























Men’s 200m – T13: semi-final 1 


Women’s Shot Put – F32/33/34: Victory Ceremony 






AT15 


AT16 




Women’s Discus Throw – F51/52/53: final 























Women’s Discus Throw – F51/52/53: Victory Ceremony 





45 

Competition: 

Essentials









AT16 

(continued) Women’s Long Jump – F13: Victory Ceremony 








Men’s Discus Throw – F32/33/34: Victory Ceremony 



AT17 





Men’s Javelin Throw – F54/55/56: final 










AT17 

(continued) 


AT18 


Men’s 100m – T11: semi-finals 1 and 2 




Men’s 4 x 400m Relay – T53/54: round 1, heat 1 


Men’s 4 x 400m Relay – T53/54: round 1, heats 2 and 3 





Men’s High Jump – F46: final 


Men’s Javelin Throw – F54/55/56: 
















47 

Competition: 

Essentials



Men’s High Jump – F46: Victory Ceremony 






AT18 

(continued) Women’s 400m – T53: final 



Men’s 4 x 400m Relay – T53/54: final 





Men’s 4 x 400m Relay – T53/54: Victory Ceremony 


9 September 2012 (Day 11), The Mall 

AT19 


Men’s Marathon – T12 



Women’s Marathon – T54 

Men’s Marathon – T12: Victory Ceremony 



Women’s Marathon – T54: Victory Ceremony 


Competition: 

General information

Competition: General information 

Pre-competition procedures 

Classification Evaluation Period 

All athletes with a sport class status of R are required to arrive at the London 

2012 Paralympic Games in time to be available for classification during the 

Classification Evaluation Period for their sport. It is the responsibility of each 

NPC, through the Chef de Mission, to ensure that athletes listed on the 

Classification Evaluation Schedule are available and present for classification at 

the designated time, date and location. 

Athletes with visual impairment participating in the Athletics competition and 

requiring classification will report to the Paralympic Village from 25 to 28 August 

(according to the Classification Evaluation Schedule). Athletes with intellectual 

impairment participating in the Athletics competition will be assessed in two 

parts. The first part will be at the Village Services Centre in the Paralympic 

Village, while the second part will be at the Olympic Stadium. 

The Classification Evaluation Period for Athletics is scheduled to run from 08:30 

on 24 August to 12:30 on 28 August. Classification evaluation is scheduled to 

take place in accordance with the following timetables: 

Athletes with a physical impairment 

Date Time Location 


14:30–18:30 



Classification Evaluation Rooms, Level B1, 


Athletes with a visual impairment 



14:30–18:30 


Village Services Centre, 

Paralympic Village

Athletes with an intellectual impairment 


25–27 August 2012 

08:30–12:30 

14:30–18:30 

First part: Village Services Centre, 


Second part: Classification Evaluation 

28 August 2012 08:30–12:30 Rooms, Level B1, Olympic Stadium 

NPCs should allow approximately 30–60 minutes for classification evaluation for 

each athlete. Athletes should be present no later than 30 minutes before the 

scheduled classification times at the designated venue, and should be present for 

evaluation with the appropriate equipment, attire and medical documentation as 

stipulated in the IPSF rules. With the exception of an interpreter, no more than one 

person from each athlete’s NPC will be allowed to accompany an athlete to any 

evaluation session and, if applicable, re-evaluation session. 

Classification results will be distributed by LOCOG to NPCs at the SIC at the 

Paralympic Village and at SIDs at the competition venue where evaluation took 

place. Results will be posted within two hours of the close of the classification 

evaluation session: results of classification evaluation sessions that end at 12:30 

will be posted by 14:30, while the results of classification evaluation sessions that 

end at 18:30 will be posted by 20:30. 

For full details of classification at the Games, including information on protests, 

appeals and First Appearance principles, please refer to the London 2012 

Paralympic Games Classification Guide. 

Competition draw 

The draw for all events will be done by computer in the Olympic Stadium, as 

specified in the IPC Athletics rules. The draw for the first rounds of all events will 

be conducted on the afternoon of the day before the first/qualifying round. 

Draws for events, including subsequent rounds, are conducted continuously as 

required. The draw process will be managed by IPC Athletics and operated by 

the London 2012 results management system. 

All teams must submit their final confirmations for the first day of competition 

before 14:00 on 28 August. For each subsequent day of competition, the final 

confirmations and relay team confirmations are due before 09:00 on the day 

before competition. The draw procedure will be the same as for the first day, 

except that start lists and the daily competition schedule should be published by 

14:00 at the latest a day before and should be included in the package for the 

following day’s competition. 

The draws for semi-finals and finals will be carried out after each round of an 

event in the same manner as the draw for the first round. 


51 

Competition: 

General info

Submission of final confirmation forms 

Final confirmation forms will be distributed upon the teams’ arrival at the SIC. The 

final confirmation forms may be submitted together, for all competition days, or 

one day at a time, at the SIC or at the Stadium TIC in accordance with the times 

and dates shown in the table below. 

Final confirmation form deadlines 

Competition day Deadline 

31 August 2012 14:00, 28 August 2012 

1 September 2012 09:00, 31 August 2012 

2 September 2012 09:00, 1 September 2012 








Venue orientation/familiarisation: Olympic Stadium 

Orientation and a field-of-play inspection for athletes and team leaders will take 

place on 28 August between 12:30 and 14:30. Tours of the Olympic Stadium 

will take place at the same time for team leaders. Training with the official starters 

will take place on 28 August between 12:30 and 13:30. 

Venue orientation/familiarisation: Marathon course 

A briefing on the Marathon will take place on 28 August at 11:30, in the Media 

Conference Room in the Olympic Stadium. The briefing will cover the details of 

the course and the orientation tour (see below), as well as details about personal 

drinks provision. Bookings for the tour can be made at this meeting. The number 

of buses available for the tour will be based on bookings made at this meeting. 

The Marathon technical meeting will be held in the Chefs de Mission Meeting 

Hall in the Paralympic Village at 12:30 on 5 September followed by the bus tour 

of the Marathon course. The bus tour for team leaders and/or their 

representatives will take place between 13:30 and 16:30. A maximum of two 

representatives per NPC may attend. Accessible seating will be available. 


The tour will depart from the Paralympic Village Transport Mall and will begin 

with the bus arriving at The Mall start/finish area. This part of the tour will include 

observation of The Mall start/finish area. The tour will proceed from the start line 

on The Mall and will follow the eight-mile loop, with commentary and visual 

observation as the bus progresses around the course. The bus will follow the 

exact route unless unable to do so, in which case a verbal description of the 

course section will be given while the bus performs a deviation before rejoining 

the course. The athletes and officials on the tour will remain on the bus throughout 

the tour. 

Technical meeting 

Date: 29 August 2012 

Time: 10:30 

Location: Chefs de Mission Meeting Hall, Paralympic Village 

A maximum of two representatives from each NPC may attend the technical 

meeting. If necessary, an interpreter or team attaché may also attend. The 

technical meeting will be conducted in English with simultaneous translation into 

French, Spanish, Russian and Chinese. 

The IPC Athletics Technical Delegate will preside over the technical meeting. The 

agenda will be as follows: 

– Welcome by the IPC President or his representative 

– Welcome by LOCOG (Athletics Manager) 

– Introduction of the IPC Athletics Technical Delegate and main Games officials 

– Timetable 

– Call Room reporting times 

– Qualifying rounds for races 

– Starting heights and raising of the bar 

– Protests and appeals 

– Opening and Closing Ceremonies 

All questions and proposals concerning the procedures of the Athletics 

competition, which will be dealt with during the technical meeting, must be made 

in English on the Questions for the Technical Meeting form. This form must be 

submitted at the Stadium TIC or the SIC by 14:30 on 28 August. A summary of all 

submitted questions and answers will be distributed during the technical meeting. 

Confirmation of starting heights, distances and progressions 

The qualification procedure for the track events (number of rounds, number of 

heats in each round, and method of progression from each round), Triple Jump 

board distances, starting heights, and the raising of the bar in High Jump will be 

determined by the Technical Delegate. Team leaders will be informed of the 

decision at the technical meeting. 


53 

Competition: 

General info

Full documentation of the qualification procedures will also be available at the 

Stadium TIC and the SIC. 

Declaration of relay teams 

Each team’s relay composition and running order must be officially declared no 

later than one hour before the published first call time for the first heat of each 

round of the competition. Further changes may be made for medical reasons 

(verified by a medical official) up until the final call for the particular heat in 

which the team is competing. This declaration must be made at the Stadium TIC 

where an official will be based at specific times for this purpose. 

Bibs 

Each athlete will be provided with a total of five number bibs (and supporting 

pins) for individual events. The bibs will be distributed at the SIC before the 

technical meeting. The bibs containing the athlete’s competition number must be 

attached to: 

– the front and back of the athlete’s vest (except in High Jump, where only one 

must be worn, and wheelchair track events, where none need be worn) 

– the athlete’s tracksuit 

– the athlete’s bag 

– the athlete’s throwing frame 

– the athlete’s racing chair (to be placed on the back of the chair) 

– the athlete’s day chair (for wheelchair track athletes – to ease identification) 

Athletes competing in relay events will also be provided with a bib containing the 

athlete’s NPC code. During relay events, this bib must be worn on the front of the 

athlete’s vest in place of the bib containing the athlete’s number. 

Teams should note the following regulations: 

– Bibs must not be cut, folded or obscured in any way. 

– Each athlete must use the same bibs, regardless of the number of events in 

which they compete. 

Each athlete must display the bibs as described above. Athletes competing in the 

Marathon will be issued with transponders. These transponders will be attached 

to athletes’ shoes or racing wheelchairs. For details, see p63. 

Bib numbers will be distributed along with pins to teams from the SIC. Any bib 

numbers not collected from the SIC will be transferred to the First Call Room at the 

Warm-up Venue. NPC-coded bib numbers for relays will be distributed in the First 

Call Room. Arrangements will be made at the Olympic Stadium to reprint any bib 

numbers as required. 


Transponder distribution 

For the Marathon, transponders will be distributed in the Call Room and attached 

to the shoe or racing chair. Transponders will be collected after athletes leave the 

mixed zone. 

Spikes 

The spikes on athletes’ shoes (or prosthetics used as shoes) will be checked, in 

size and number, in the First Call Room before every event. If it is found that an 

athlete’s spikes do not comply with the IPC Athletics Rules and Regulations, the 

athlete will be asked to change them to the proper size and quantity. 

The following maximum spike lengths will be permitted: 

– High Jump and Javelin Throw: 12mm 

– Other events: 9mm 

Personal drinks for Marathon events 

For the men’s Marathon – T12 and T46, personal drinks for athletes and guides 

must be deposited at the SIC. Drinks must be taken to the designated collection 

point between 15:00 and 18:00 on 8 September. Drinks will be collected from 

the SIC on 8 September at 18:00. 

Each NPC will receive one Personal Drinks Station Pass per athlete per station, 

with a maximum of two passes per NPC per station, when they hand in their 

drinks. The passes will be required to gain access to personal drinks stations on 

competition days. 

Personal drinks may be placed in athletes’ own bottles or in bottles supplied by 

LOCOG, which may be collected at the end of the technical meeting. All bottles 

must comply with the IPC Manufacturer Identification Guidelines for the London 

2012 Paralympic Games. The personal drinks collection team will use a 

database, which will print a check sheet for each athlete’s bottles and will also 

generate labels for the bottles. For the Marathon events, there are three personal 

drinks stations on each lap, so the label will show the athlete’s name and NPC 

code, and specify the personal drinks station and lap (for example, A2). There 

will be a maximum of nine labels. Once this process has been completed, a full 

list of bottles for each of the three personal drinks stations will be given to the 

NTO in charge at each station. 

All bottles will be stored overnight in a secure, refrigerated vehicle(s). Bottles will 

be delivered to each station 90 minutes before the start of the race, where the 

NTO will sign for the bottles. 

The coaches/team officials who will be manning the personal drinks stations for 

road events will need to travel from the Paralympic Village to The Mall on the 

morning of the race on the scheduled bus services. Buses will then leave The Mall 


55 

Competition: 

General info

and will travel to the personal drinks stations at 07:00. Only those with a 

Personal Drinks Station Pass will be allowed to board the buses. LOCOG cannot 

guarantee that coaches/team officials who wish to make their own way to the 

stations will be able to reach the station due to expected congestion around the 

Marathon course and surrounding area on race day. After the Marathon – T54 

events, coaches/team officials will be collected from the personal drinks stations 

by coach and transported back to the Paralympic Village. 


Competition procedures 

Warm-up 

There will be two warm-up areas for the Paralympic competition, both of them 

next to the Olympic Stadium on the other side of The Greenway. For details, 

see p75. 

First Call Room procedures 

Athletes will spend 15 to 20 minutes in the First Call Room before being escorted 

by stewards through a dedicated covered walkway to the Final Call Room. This 

will take approximately eight minutes. The Final Call Room is located at the end 

of the indoor final warm-up area. The walkway is one-way only – athletes and 

officials will not be allowed to walk back from the Final Call Room to the First 

Call Room. Athletes will spend no more than eight minutes in the Final Call Room. 

Athletes in seated throws events must deliver their throwing frame, showing their 

competition number, to the entrance to the First Call Room for measurement and 

to be sent to the field of play. 

Athletes in finals of wheelchair track events must deliver their day chair to the 

entrance to the First Call Room so that it can be delivered to the storage area 

close to Post Event Control (PEC), where it will be available for athletes to transfer 

for Victory Ceremonies and doping control. 

An Omega call-up board will display a list of events and Call Room times. Call 

Room personnel will use a public address (PA) system to remind athletes by heat 

and pool, and will check athletes against their start lists as they enter the First Call 

Room. Each heat/pool will be allocated a bay or bays in the First Call Room, 

depending on the size of the group. Athletes’ (and guides’) uniforms and bags 

will be checked for conformity to the IPC Manufacturer Identification Guidelines 

for the London 2012 Paralympic Games, and for any prohibited items (pictures of 

these items will be on display in the First Call Room). 


Confiscated items will be placed in a plastic bag and sealed; the items will be 

recorded on a sheet and a copy given to the athlete. Bags will be organised by 

heat/pool and will then be transferred to PEC. 

Athletes’ accreditation will be removed by the Call Room officials and will be 

taken to PEC. For details of PEC procedures, see p59. 

Guides will follow the same procedures as athletes, and will receive a guide bib 

in the First Call Room in exchange for their accreditation. Their accreditation will 

be returned at PEC in exchange for the bib. 

Drinks will be available in the First Call Room, and toilets will also be accessible. 

Final Call Room procedures 

Athletes will be escorted by athlete stewards to the Final Call Room with the heat/ 

pool check sheet and will be directed to allocated bays. 

Field athletes will be briefed by the Chief Judge of their pool or final. After a final 

check that all athletes for the pool or final are present, the athletes will be 

escorted by athlete stewards to the field of play along a designated route. 

Track athletes will be allocated a dedicated bay. Once it has been confirmed that 

all athletes are present, they will be escorted to the field of play along a 

designated route 

Any athletes who are not present in the First or Final Call Room, or who withdraw 

after going through the First Call Room, will be entered as Did Not Start (DNS) in 

the Final Call Room. 

Athletes should gather at the designated times and will be led into the infield by 

competition officials. They should arrive at the following times: 

Events Latest time to report to First Call Room Arrive at the field of play 

Track 

Ambulatory 

Field (except 

High Jump) 

Seated 

throws 

High Jump 

Approximately 45 minutes before the 

scheduled start time. 




scheduled start time 



6 minutes before the 





scheduled start time 




57 

Competition: 

General info

Team leaders are responsible for informing all their athletes about the relevant 

reporting times and the Call Room procedures. A detailed list of Call Room 

reporting times will be available at the TIC and the SIC daily. 

Entering the field of play 

Athletes in track events will enter the field of play via the north-west tunnel, close 

to the 100m start. They may be held in one of the tunnels close to the start line 

until it is time to proceed to the start. 

For the 4 x 100m Relay, the second and third leg runners will be escorted around 

the last bend to their respective stations. The last leg runners will be taken directly 

to their station. For the 4 x 400m Relay, the second, third and last leg athletes will 

be held in the south-west tunnel until directed to the takeover zone. 

Field event athletes will be escorted to the field of play by athlete stewards by the 

most appropriate route. 

Field event guides 

Seating will be provided for guides close to the event site. They will be called 

forward to assist the trial of the athlete when required and will be escorted back 

to their seat after the athlete completes the trial(s). 

Leaving the field of play during competition 

During an event, no athlete may leave the competition area without permission 

from the Chief Judge. In cases where an athlete must leave the field of play, the 

athlete must be escorted by an official. 

Starters’ commands 

The starters’ commands will be given in English. The commands are: On your 

marks, set, gun. Athletes with a hearing impairment may make a request for a 

strobe light to be available at the start. 

Starting blocks 

Athletes in classes T11, T12 and T13 must use the starting blocks supplied. These 

are linked to the automatic false start equipment. Athletes in other ambulatory 

classes do not need to use starting blocks. If they choose to use starting blocks, 

they may use blocks other than those provided, provided they fulfil the technical 

requirements of the competition. They should bring the starting blocks to the First 

Call Room when called for their event. The blocks should be labelled in order to 

ease their return after the event. The blocks will be returned to the TIC following 

the event. 

Accredited/team seating 

Any athletes who wish to watch the competition will be able to access the 

Athletes’ Lounge area and seating on the first bend of the track. Any athlete or 


team manager wishing to enter this area will be required to show their 

accreditation. 

Non-competing athletes and teams must use the same transport as competing 

athletes to the Warm-up Venue, from where they should use the second walkway 

to the Olympic Stadium seating. Access to this walkway is via a bridge over the 

dedicated walkway from the athlete load zone at the Warm-up Venue, or via a 

route past the Call Room for wheelchair users. 

Coaches’ zone 

For field events, coaches have been assigned seating close to the site of the 

competition. Access to the seats will be via a ticket, which may be collected from 

the TIC and will be valid only for the duration of that particular pool or final. 

Video recording 

Any filming at the London 2012 Paralympic Games by NPCs may only be for 

educational and scouting purposes and needs prior written approval from the IPC. 

Filming is only allowed from the stands during competition and open training 

sessions by any person holding an accreditation of the respective NPC. Filming 

is only allowed with non-professional camera equipment. Filming for scouting 

purposes may be allowed under the provision specified by the respective IPSF. 

For more information, refer to the IPC Policy Regarding Filming at, Access to and 

Use of Paralympic Video Footage and Photography of the London 2012 

Paralympic Games for NPCs. 

Video recording of events will be conducted in the video recording room. These 

recordings will be used to support the work of the Games officials and will also 

support the work of the Jury of Appeal in the case of any protests. 

Post-competition procedures 

Leaving the field of play 

All athletes leaving the field of play must proceed through the mixed zone (see 

p61) to PEC to pick up their personal belongings. Athletes who fail to qualify for 

three further trials in field events may leave the competition area at the end of the 

third round, accompanied by a competition official. 

For the High Jump final, athletes who have been eliminated may leave the 

competition area after the completion of a height, accompanied by a 

competition official. 

Post-Event Control (PEC) 

Confiscated items, accreditation and personal kit will be transferred to PEC. A 

designated steward will transfer confiscated items directly from the First Call 

Room to PEC, while track athletes’ kit will be taken by kit carriers to the 

designated part of PEC for collection after their heat or final. 


59 

Competition: 

General info

Accreditation will be laid out under the control of the PEC chief and will be 

returned to the respective athlete when they are in PEC. The name on the number 

bib will be checked against the name and photograph on the accreditation. Any 

items confiscated in the First Call Room will also be returned at this time and will 

be checked against the paper copy given to the athlete. 

Once this process is completed, athletes may leave PEC. 

Protests and appeals 

Protests in the first instance will be made by the athlete or team official to the 

relevant Referee. The Referee should notify the video recording room of a 

possible issue. If this does not resolve the problem, a team official can register a 

protest with the TIC. This may not be a formal protest in the first instance. This 

protest, formal or informal, will be recorded by TIC personnel. 

Once the protest has been recorded, staff at the TIC will notify the competition 

secretary of a possible protest. The competition secretary will notify the video 

recording room that evidence may be required. He/she will also notify the 

Competition Director and the Technical Delegate of the situation. The Competition 

Director will ensure the Ceremonies team are informed in case of the need to 

postpone a Victory Ceremony. 

The competition secretary will meet with the team concerned in the room next to 

the TIC. If available at this time, video evidence may be shown to the team; if 

video evidence is not available but is required, the competition secretary will 

obtain evidence from the video recording room. If this discussion does not resolve 

the issue and a formal protest is required, the protest form must be completed and 

the €200 (approximately GBP165) deposit paid. 

If a formal protest is registered, the paperwork will be given to the Chairman of 

the Jury of Appeal, who will convene a Jury of Appeal to hear the protest. All the 

relevant paperwork and evidence will then be prepared for the Jury of Appeal. 

The decision of the Jury of Appeal will be relayed to the team and circulated to 

the other NPCs. Any outcome that affects the result and any progression will be 

notified to the IPC Technical Delegate for action. 


Athletes selected for doping control will be notified in person and escorted to 

the Doping Control Station by an anti-doping chaperone as soon as practically 

possible after they have finished competing. It is the responsibility of the athlete to 

remain under continuous observation of the anti-doping chaperone after 

notification. For details of the doping control programme at London 2012, 

see p26. 


Mixed zone 

All competition venues will include a mixed zone, where accredited members of 

the media, including the official Paralympic News Service (PNS), will interview 

athletes as they leave the field of play. All athletes must pass through the mixed 

zone as they leave the field of play, but are not obliged to speak. 

As they leave the field of play, athletes will first pass through the broadcast area 

of the mixed zone before reaching the written press area. Reporters from the PNS 

will also work in the mixed zone to gather athlete comments that will then be 

uploaded to Info + (see p29) and distributed as flash quotes. These will be 

available to all accredited people at the Games. All news service reporters will 

be identified with a bib. 

NPC Press Attachés will be permitted to meet their athletes on the pathway of the 

mixed zone, but this is limited to the press section only. Press Attachés must be 

wearing their armband (distributed by the IPC) and must abide by the agreed 

rules of conduct. 

There is a dedicated area at the end of the mixed zone in which an accredited 

member of the NPC with a mixed zone pass can meet the athlete and assist in 

issues such as ensuring a member of the team staff obtains a doping control pass 

if the athlete has been called for a test. Mixed zone passes will be distributed to 

teams through the SIC before the start of competition. 

Media conferences 

During the Paralympic Games, mixed zones will be the primary area for athlete 

interviews. Media conferences will only be held at competition venues when they 

make sense editorially and when the media request them. A schedule for media 

conferences will be maintained on Info + and myInfo + . 

NPC media conferences may also take place in the Main Press Centre (MPC) or 

the Paralympic Village at any time during the Games, and in competition venues 

on the day before competition. NPCs must book these media conferences the day 

before they are scheduled to occur, through the on-site Press Operations team. 

For media conferences at the MPC, professional interpreters will be available to 

provide simultaneous interpretation in English, French, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, 

German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese and Russian. For medal-round 

media conferences at competition venues, consecutive interpretation will be 

provided according to need in a combination of languages from the list above. 

Results distribution 

Printed results, in the form of selected PRIS outputs, will be available for collection 

by NPCs from SIDs at competition venues and the SIC in the Paralympic Village. 

Results for all sports will also be available through Info + ; see p29. 


61 

Competition: 

General info

Four hours after all competition for a discipline has ended, a Results Book 

containing all results and competition-related reports for that discipline will be 

made available for download in PDF form on the LOCOG Results Book FTP site 

(URL: http://london2012.ftpstream.com, username: resultsbooks, password: 

ResultsBooks12). In addition, a complete Results Book containing the results and 

competition-related reports for all sports will be made available on the Results 

Book FTP site on 10 September 2012, the day after the Closing Ceremony. The 

FTP site will be available until 30 September 2012. 

Victory Ceremonies 

All Victory Ceremonies at the London 2012 Paralympic Games will occur on 

or around the field of play. Athlete escorts will be on hand to advise and guide 

all athletes before, during and after their Victory Ceremony. Athletes who take 

part in a Victory Ceremony must adhere to the regulations governing both dress 

and conduct. 

Athlete escorts will lead athletes to the podium for the Victory Ceremony, and will 

provide direction with regard to the procedures that the athletes will need to 

follow. Flags, mobile phones, cameras, electronic devices, bottles, items of sport 

equipment, political statements and accreditations will not be allowed on the 

podium. If any athlete is in possession of any of these items, they must be passed 

to the Victory Ceremonies producer for the duration of the Ceremony. Similarly, 

if any items are thrown to an athlete while they are on the field of play and/or 

the podium, the athlete must pass them to their athlete escort for them to hold 

during the Victory Ceremony. 

After the Victory Ceremony has finished, athletes may be asked to move to a 

second location in order to provide the media with additional photography 

opportunities. This will take no more than one minute. After all the photographs 

have been taken, athlete escorts will lead the athletes to the mixed zone. If 

any athlete has been notified for doping control, he or she will be in the line of 

vision of an anti-doping chaperone and will then be chaperoned to the Doping 

Control Station. 

Medals and diplomas 

Medals and diplomas will be awarded in each event as follows: 

– 1st place: A silver gilt medal and a diploma 

– 2nd place: A silver medal and a diploma. 

– 3rd place: A bronze medal and a diploma. 


Diplomas will be awarded based on the number of participants in each event, 

as follows: 

The Mall 

Participants Diplomas 

6 5 (1st–5th places) 



9 or more 8 (1st–8th places) 

Competition procedures 

Call to competition 

Athletes should arrive two hours before the start of their race. After arriving at the 

venue, athletes will be able to use the team tents and the Athletes’ Lounge. 

Athletes who wish to warm up may access the field of play between the start line 

and the area towards Admiralty Arch. 

Athletes will be required to return to the team tents 30 minutes before the start of 

the race before being called to the Call Room. Team leaders and physios will be 

able to accompany athletes in the team tents until the athletes report to the Call 

Room. At this point, they may remain in the team tent areas or proceed to the 

same sport athlete seating. 

Athletes will be called to the Call Room 25 minutes before the start of the race. 

They will not be allowed to enter the Call Room within 20 minutes of the start of 

the race. Athletes should arrive at the Call Room ready for competition, leaving 

any unnecessary kit and personal belongings in the team tents. 

When athletes enter the Call Room, their uniform and bib numbers will be 

checked for conformity to the IPC Manufacturer Identification Guidelines for the 

London 2012 Paralympic Games. Their accreditation will be removed and they 

will be escorted to the transponder distribution area, where they will be assisted 

with the correct fitting of the transponder on their shoe or racing chair. When 

their transponder has been fitted correctly, athletes will be directed one at a time 

to the transponder loop on the floor to activate the transponder on the system and 

to confirm their identity. Athletes will be contained in the final area of the Call 

Room until all competitors have completed this process. 

Athletes will be escorted to the field of play behind the start line 10 minutes 

before the start of the race. They will be announced to the spectators and will be 


63 

Competition: 

General info

able to warm up behind the start line within a zone demarcated by the start team. 

Warnings will be announced five minutes, three minutes, two minutes and one 

minute before the start of the race. 

Athletes will be called forward to assemble for the start three minutes before the 

start. The order for assembly on the front row of the start line will be designated 

by IPC Athletics. At the start time, when they are in the correct order on the start 

line, the gun will be fired to start the race. 

Call Room 

Final call reporting times are as follows: 

Event Date Reporting time Details 

T12 and T46 

Marathon 

Men’s and 

women’s T54 

Marathon 

9 September 2012 07:35 

9 September 2012 11:05 


After 07:40, the 

Call Room will be 

closed and no 

athlete will be 

permitted to enter. 

The event will start 

at 08:00. 

After 11:10, the 

Call Room will be 

closed and no 

athlete will be 

permitted to enter. 

The event will start 

at 11:30. 

Transponders 

The official timing for the road events will be by transponders. All athletes will be 

given their transponder in the Call Room. It is important that the bib is securely 

attached with safety pins to the athletes’ running vest or to the racing chair and 

the transponder is secured in the correct manner on the running shoe or racing 

chair. A final test of the transponders will be conducted with control mats as the 

athletes move to the final section of the Call Room. Immediately after the race, the 

transponders will be collected by LOCOG Technology personnel when athletes 

leave the mixed zone. Athletes who do not finish the race will have their 

transponder removed and cancelled by the race officials.

Course information (see Maps section) 

Timing points 

Timing points and display clocks will be set up every 5km on the course. Loops 

under the timing mats will record the times of athletes as they pass. Each 

checkpoint location will be clearly posted on signs immediately before the 

corresponding timing station. 

Refreshment stations 

There will be nine refreshment stations located along the Marathon course – three 

personal drinks stations and six water/sponging stations. There will be signs 

indicating upcoming refreshment stations 100m before each one. 

Athletes are not permitted to take any refreshment from any point other than the 

personal drinks stations and water/sponging stations. 

Personal drinks stations 

Personal drinks stations will be located on the right-hand side of the road. There 

are three personal drinks stations on each of the three large laps, spread equally 

4.29km (2.67miles) apart. Athletes and guides can therefore take a maximum of 

nine personal drinks over the course of the race, one from each station on each 

of the three laps. Each NPC will have its own table, which will be marked with its 

national flag and NPC code. The tables will be arranged in alphabetical order 

according to the NPC code. Team officials should ensure that drinks are on the 

correct table and in the correct order. 

Athletes and guides will be allowed to receive their personal drinks at the 

designated areas from coaches/team officials. Coaches/team officials may hand 

personal drinks to athletes at the personal drinks tables, but are not permitted to 

leave the designated area to follow the athletes on the course. They should stand 

behind or to the side of the table, but not in front of it. Any discarded bottles will 

be collected by volunteers and returned to the relevant NPC table. 

Each NPC will receive one Personal Drinks Station Pass per athlete per station, with 

a maximum of two passes per NPC per station. The coaches/team officials who 

will be manning the personal drinks stations will need to travel from the Paralympic 

Village to The Mall on the morning of the race on the scheduled bus services. Only 

those with a Personal Drinks Station Pass will be allowed to board the buses. 

LOCOG cannot guarantee that coaches/team officials who wish to make their own 

way to the stations will be able to reach the station due to expected congestion 

around the Marathon course and surrounding area on race day. 

If there is no coach/team official in attendance at the personal drinks station, an 

NTO will ensure athletes’ drinks are placed on the correct table. These athletes or 

their guides must pick up their own drinks from the table. Should an athlete take a 

bottle from a place other than the officially designated station, he/she is liable to 

be disqualified. 


65 

Competition: 

General info

Personal drinks station Location on course 

Station A1/A2/A3 

Station B1/B2/B3 

Station C1/C2/C3 

4.67km (2.93 miles) 

17.54km (10.91 miles) 

30.42km (18.99 miles) 

9.04km (5.62 miles) 

21.92km (13.62 miles) 

34.79km (21.62 miles) 

13.31km (8.27 miles) 

26.18km (16.27 miles) 

39.06km (24.70 miles) 

Guides for Marathon – T12 

The guides for Marathon – T12 will need to travel from the Paralympic Village to 

The Mall on the morning of the race on the scheduled bus services. Buses will 

then leave The Mall and will travel to the 10km, 20km and 30km points with 

those guides who will be exchanging during the race at 07:00. Only those with 

a guide pass will be allowed to board the buses. LOCOG cannot guarantee that 

guides who wish to make their own way to the stations will be able to reach the 

station due to expected congestion around the Marathon course and surrounding 

area on race day. During the race, guides will be collected from the change-over 

points on the relevant lap by the sweep vehicle and transported back to The Mall. 

Water/sponging stations 

There will be six water/sponging stations located along the course. The stations 

will be located at the following distances: 

Water/sponging stations Location on course 

Station 1 

(after personal drinks station) 

Station 2 

Station 3 


Station 4 

5.02km (3.12 miles) 

17.89km (11.12 miles) 

30.77km (19.12 miles) 

6.86km (4.26 miles) 

19.73km (12.26 miles) 

32.61km (20.26 miles) 

10.01km (6.22 miles) 

22.88km (14.22 miles) 

35.75km (22.22 miles) 

11.17km (6.94 miles) 

24.04km (14.94 miles) 

36.91km (22.94 miles) 


Station 5 


Station 6 

14.03km (8.72 miles) 

26.9km (16.72 miles) 

39.78km (24.72 miles) 

2.57km (1.6 miles) 

15.45km (9.6 miles) 

28.32km (17.6 miles) 

41.20km (25.6 miles) 

At the water/sponging stations, LOCOG will provide the following: 

– Still water in sealed bottles at a temperature of approximately 22°C 

– Wet sponges 

Athletes must pick-up their sponges/drinks themselves. 

Mist stations 

There will be two mist stations on each lap. Athletes can therefore pass through 

mist stations a maximum of six times, twice on each of the three laps. These will 

not operate during the wheelchair races. 

Mist stations Location on course 

Station 1 

(St Martin’s Le Grand) 

Station 2 

(Cannon Street) 

7.89km (4.9 miles) 

20.77km (12.9 miles) 

33.64km (20.9 miles) 

11.75km (7.3 miles) 

24.64km (15.31 miles) 

37.51km (23.3 miles) 

The mist stations will consist of a 6m shower-like apparatus releasing a fine spray 

of water from above. The participants will be able to choose whether or not to 

use the mist stations as they will not cover the entire course. There will be signs 

indicating upcoming mist stations 100m before each station. 

Medical stations 

There will be medical stations located at each refreshment station along the 

course, with additional medical resources at the start/finish. For details of 

medical services, see p71. 

Toilets 

Toilets will be available at the end of each of the personal drinks stations. 


67 

Competition: 

General info

Race retirements 

If an athlete is unable to continue the race due to physical difficulties, he/she must 

inform the nearest race official that he/she would like to retire from the race. To 

indicate an intention to retire from the race, the athlete should remove his/her bib 

with the name/number and remove his/her transponder, which will then be 

cancelled. After retiring from the race, the athlete is not permitted to receive 

assistance from any persons other than members of the designated medical team, 

who will be permitted to carry out an on-the-spot medical examination. 

After retiring, the athlete’s transponder will be removed by a race official. The 

athlete will then be brought back by the sweep vehicle which follows the race 

and has medical support on board. Athletes will be dropped off at the finish area 

at the end of the lap (or end of the race if they have retired on the last lap). 

Video recording 

See p59. 

Post-competition procedures 

After the race 

After finishing the race, all athletes must leave the field of play via the TV mixed 

zone. After leaving the mixed zone, athletes’ transponders will be removed and 

they will be directed to the team tents to collect their clothing from the baskets and 

will receive their accreditation. Accreditation for athletes selected for doping 

control will be given to the anti-doping personnel. 

Protests and appeals 

Any individual or NPC wishing to protest against the result or conduct of the race 

must do so within 30 minutes of the result being displayed. The protest form and 

the €200 (GBP165) deposit must be handed in at the TIC at The Mall. 


See p60. 

Mixed zone 

See p61. 

Media conferences 

See p61. 

Results distribution 

See p61. 

Victory Ceremonies 

See p62. 

Medals and diplomas 

See p62. 


Competition: 

Venue information

Competition: Venue information 

The Athletics competition at London 2012 will be held at two venues: the Olympic 

Stadium, in the Olympic Park, and The Mall, which lies in the heart of London, 

running from Buckingham Palace to Trafalgar Square. 

Venue facilities and services 

The following facilities and services will be available at the Olympic Stadium and 

The Mall. For more details on the precise location of these facilities, please refer 

to the sections dedicated to each venue. 

Catering services 

Food and beverage services will be provided for accredited athletes and officials 

at Athletes’ Lounges in competition venues during competition and official training 

days. All Athletes’ Lounges at competition venues will feature a refreshment 

station serving cold beverages and snacks. The refreshment station will open no 

more than three hours before the scheduled start of competition and will close no 

later than one hour after the end of the competition. 

Athlete Venue Meals (AVMs) 

AVMs will be available for athletes and officials who will be away from the 

Paralympic Village for competition or training at competition venues for four 

hours or more. AVMs must be ordered from the Catering desks in the SIC or the 

NPC Services Centre Catering desks by 22:00, at least 72 hours in advance. 

The meals will be prepared at the venue for collection from the Athletes’ Lounge 

and will consist of a substantial roll, a composite salad, a fruit yoghurt and 

glucose sweets. 

Language services 

LOCOG Language Services Team Members (LSTM) will provide volunteer 

interpretation services at competition venues. The LSTMs may be identified by the 

badge on the sleeve of their uniform specifying the language they speak. 

Language services will be covering Amharic, Arabic, Belarusian, Chinese, 

Croatian, Czech, Dutch, French, German, Hungarian, Indonesian (Bahasa), 

Italian, Japanese, Korean, Lithuanian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, 

Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Swahili, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian and Urdu. 

The specific languages provided will vary by venue. 

NPCs that require language assistance should advise LOCOG staff, who will 

contact the Deputy Venue Protocol Manager for support. If a LSTM is not 

available, language assistance will be provided through a 24-hour over-the-phone 

interpretation service that can be accessed through designated LOCOG staff. 


Medical services and facilities 

Medical services at all competition venues will be provided at athlete medical 

stations, which are generally close to the field of play. These services will be 

backed up by services at the polyclinics and the designated Paralympic hospitals. 

Medical services in each competition venue will be managed by the Venue 

Medical Manager. LOCOG’s Medical Services teams at each venue will work in 

line with the IPSF rules for the sport, and will consult with the IPC Medical 

Committee as required. 

Medical services will generally be available from three hours before the start of 

competition until one hour after competition ends. However, times vary in some 

venues: please check with the SID or the Venue Medical Manager at the venue 

for details. 

The following services will be provided: 

– athlete-dedicated ambulance services 

– field-of-play recovery teams 

– sports medicine 

Full details on medical services at the Paralympic Games are available in the 

London 2012 Paralympic Games Healthcare Guide, which may be downloaded 

from The Exchange (https://theexchange.london2012.com). Printed copies of the 

guide will be distributed to all team doctors upon arrival at the Games, and will 

also be available in all medical facilities. 

Venue evacuation and emergency procedures 

All personnel will be notified in the event of an evacuation. Please use the nearest 

available emergency exit route to the appropriate assembly point as directed. 

Weather information 

London as a whole benefits from a relatively mild climate during the summer 

months, and the Olympic Park is no exception. Based on statistics from recent 

years, teams can expect an average daily high of around 20–23°C (68–73°F) at 

the Olympic Park, with temperatures falling to a low of around 11–14°C (52– 

57°F) at night. 


71 

Competition: 

Venue info

Sunrise and sunset times 

Date Sunrise Sunset 

22 August 2012 05:58 20:08 










1 September 2012 06:14 19:46 









At Games time, forecasters from the Met Office will be located in the Sport 

Operations Centre, and will provide regular weather forecasts for all venues that 

will stage outdoor sports during the Games. All detailed and up-to-date forecasts 

will be available on Info + . 


Competition venue: Olympic Stadium 

The centrepiece of the new Olympic Park, the Olympic Stadium will host the track 

and field events of the Athletics competition. This state-of-the-art venue will have a 

gross capacity of 80,000 during London 2012, and will also host the Opening 

and Closing Ceremonies. The Olympic Stadium is located in the south of the 

Olympic Park on an island site, surrounded by waterways on three sides. 

Spectators will reach the venue via five bridges that link the site to the 

surrounding area. 

Key information 


Olympic Park 

London E20 2ST 

Estimated journey time from Paralympic Village Transport Mall: 7 minutes 

Estimated walking time from Paralympic Village Transport Mall: 10 minutes 

Venue access 

General access to the Olympic Park is via the east Pedestrian Screening Area 

(PSA) and the southern PSA. Access to the Stadium by foot is via the common 

domain. Access to the Stadium via transport is from the Transport Mall at the 

Paralympic Village only: athletes and team management will be taken to the 

Warm-up Venue and will then be required to make their way through the 

connecting tunnel to the Stadium. 

Athlete load zones are located at the Paralympic Village and the Warm-up Venue 

only. Athletes, team management and spectating athletes will travel on the same 

transport, but on competition days spectating athletes will not be able to access 

the Warm-up Venue. For transport information, see p91. 

Field of play 

The field of play for the Athletics competition at the Olympic Stadium will contain 

the following: 

– Nine-lane, 400m oval track and nine-lane straight track with Mondotrack FTX 

track surface. 

– Two High Jump landing areas. 

– Four Long Jump/Triple Jump pits. 

– Two Discus Throw circles. 

– Two Javelin Throw runways. 

– Four Shot Put circles. 

Seated throws will all be from the concrete circles. These will be located in 

accordance with the needs of the timetable. 


73 

Competition: 

Venue info

The field of play and all equipment will be presented in accordance with the IPC 

Athletics Rules and Regulations and the IAAF Track and Field Facilities Manual, 

and holds an IAAF Class 1 certificate for competition. 


Athletes’ Lounge 

The Athletes’ Lounge at the Olympic Stadium is located in the seating bowl on the 

first bend of the track and is accessed from the stairs and a lift close to the end of 

the athlete route to and from the Warm-up Venue. 

Changing rooms and showers 

Changing rooms and showers are located in the buildings at the Warm-up Venue. 

Doping Control Station 

The Doping Control Station at the Olympic Stadium is located next to PEC and 

close to the end of the mixed zone. For details of doping control at the London 

2012 Paralympic Games, please see p26. 

Lost and found 

All reports of lost items at the Olympic Stadium should be directed to the TIC. This 

is also the location to which all found items should be delivered. 

Mixed zone 

The mixed zone at the Olympic Stadium is located in the south-west tunnel, close 

to the finish line for track events. For details of mixed zone procedures, please 

see p61. 

Otto Bock service 

An emergency service will be provided by Otto Bock, and will be based just after 

the exit from the Final Call Room. It will only be able to provide last-minute 

support to athletes as they move to the start line. Events will not be delayed if an 

athlete requires emergency support at this point. 

TIC 

The TIC at the Olympic Stadium is located close to the athlete route from the 

Warm-up Venue and next to the athletes’ entrance to the Stadium. For details of 

the TIC’s opening hours and the services it will provide, please see p27. 

Video recording room 

The video recording room at the Olympic Stadium is close to PEC and the 

competition management offices. 



There will be two warm-up areas for the Paralympic competition, both of them 

next to the Olympic Stadium on the other side of The Greenway. For details of 

transport and venue access, training, and venue facilities and services, see p82. 

Competition venue: The Mall 

The road events will be held on the streets of London and will start and finish in 

The Mall – an iconic location in central London. The Mall was created as a 

ceremonial route in the early 20th century. To this day, it remains a popular 

backdrop for formal ceremonies and major sporting events, such as the 

London Marathon. 


The Mall 

Westminster 

London SW1Y 5HX 


(excluding any security screening time, queuing time or in-venue travel time; 

please allow up to 15 minutes for this on arrival at the venue) 

Venue access 

Access to the competition area is via Marlborough Road only. Athletes staying at 

the Paralympic Village will be brought to The Mall by transport and will be 

dropped close to the team tents and registration area. Athletes not staying in the 

Village will be responsible for their own travel to The Mall and must allow 

sufficient time to pass through the various security checks. For transport 

information, see p91. 

Athlete load zone 

The athlete load zone is located next to the registration and team tents area. 

Field of play 

The field of play and all equipment at The Mall will be presented in accordance 

with the IPC Athletics Rules and Regulations. 



The Athletes’ Lounge at The Mall is located next to the team tents, close to the Call 

Room. 


75 

Competition: 

Venue info

Call Room 

The Call Room is located behind the VIP seating, close to the start line. 


See p70. 

Doping Control Station 

The Doping Control Station at The Mall is located near the athlete load zone. For 

details of doping control at the London 2012 Paralympic Games, please see 

p26. 

Ice baths 

Ice baths will be available close to the team tents. There are no showers or 

changing rooms at The Mall. 

Lost and found 

All reports of lost items at The Mall should be directed to the TIC. This is also the 

location to which all found items should be delivered. 

Mixed zone 

The mixed zone at The Mall is located beyond the finish line. For details of mixed 

zone procedures, please see p61. 


A prosthetic and wheelchair repair service will be provided by Otto Bock, and 

will be located close to the entrance to The Mall from the team area. 

Physiotherapy and medical support 

Physiotherapy and medical support will be available in the cabins close to the 

athlete load zone. 

Rest areas 

Team tents are available where athletes can rest or relax before and after the 

race. 

TIC 

The TIC at The Mall is located between the team tents and the Call Room. For 

details of the TIC’s opening hours and the services it will provide, please see p27. 

Video recording room 

The video recording room is located in the competition management area at The 

Mall. 

Warm-up area 

The warm-up area for the road events is located on field of play at The Mall. 


Training

Training 

Training for the Athletics competition will take place at three venues: Mayesbrook 

Park and Newham Sports Complex, both a short distance from the Olympic Park, 

and the Olympic Stadium Warm-up Venue, next to the Olympic Stadium. Athletes 

will be able to train from 22 August, the day the Paralympic Village opens, until 

8 September, the final day of competition in the Olympic Stadium. 

Allocation of training sessions 

Athletes will be able to train at Mayesbrook Park and Newham Sports Complex 

throughout the training times listed in each venue’s section, with no need to book 

sessions and no limit on the length of training sessions for each athlete. 

Each NPC will be given a two-hour slot at the Olympic Stadium Warm-up Venue 

during the pre-competition period for training and familiarisation. There will be a 

limit on the number of athletes who are able to use the venue at any one time, so 

ambulatory runners and wheelchair racers can train safely on the track and so 

that seated and ambulatory throwers can train alongside each other. 

Training regulations 

Teams are expected to self-regulate their training sessions. If in the opinion of the 

personnel responsible for the training venues there are unsafe practices, then the 

matter will be brought to the attention of the responsible team official. 


Refreshment stations for athletes and team officials will consist of unlimited 

packaged bottled water and isotonic sports drinks, whole fruit, tea/coffee and 

biscuits/energy bars. 

Medical services and facilities 

Medical services will be provided for athletes at all Games time training venues 

during training sessions. The following specialists will be available: 

– emergency care physicians 

– physiotherapists 

– sports massage therapists 

For details of the London 2012 Paralympic Healthcare Guide, see p71. 





Lodge Avenue 

Dagenham 

Essex RM8 2JR 


Venue access 

Access is via transport only and the entry point is controlled by LOCOG Security. 

Under normal traffic conditions, Mayesbrook Park is located within a 30-minute 

drive of the Paralympic Village. The return trip to the Paralympic Village will 

include a security check at the point of entry into the Olympic Park. Depending 

on the number of vehicles accessing the Park at the time, this may cause a delay. 

For transport information, see p91. 


The athlete load zone is located close to the Handball Arena at the venue. 

Training sessions 

The venue will be available for training as follows: 

Date Time 



Training facilities 

The Athletics facilities at Mayesbrook Park will include: 

– an eight-lane, 400m track 

– four Long Jump/Triple Jump pits 

– two High Jump landing areas 

– three Discus Throw/Club Throw circles 

– two Javelin Throw runways 

– four Shot Put circles 

– athletes’ gym facilities 

The training facilities at Mayesbrook Park will be for the use of runners, jumpers 

and ambulatory throwers, as well as for seated throwers. Wheelchair racers may 

not use this facility. 


79 

Training

Other facilities and services 


The Athletes’ Lounge is located in the building at the end of the track close to the 

100m start. Light snacks and drinks will be available. 


The changing rooms are located in the clubhouse close to the 100m start. 

Showers are available. 

Equipment storage 

Equipment, including throwing frames, may be stored in locked containers at 

the venue. 

Ice baths 

Ice baths will be available in the changing rooms. 

Media area 

There is a dedicated media space close to the entry to the indoor sports hall. 

Interviews with athletes or teams must be agreed by the athlete and the NPC or 

his/her representative. 




281 Prince Regent Lane 

London E13 8SD 


Venue access 

There is a single point of access for Newham Sports Complex, off Prince Regent 

Lane near the intersection with Chalk Road. For transport information, see p91. 


The athlete load zone is located within a secure perimeter. Upon exiting the bus, 

athletes will have their accreditation checked and then proceed into the venue for 

training. 

Training sessions 

The venue will be available for training as follows: 

Date Time 





The Athletics facilities at Newham Sports Complex will include: 

– an eight-lane, 400m track 

– four Long Jump/Triple Jump pits 

– two High Jump landing areas 

– two Discus Throw/Club Throw circles 

– four Shot Put circles 

– six additional metal platforms for seated throws 

The training facilities at Newham Sports Complex will be for the use of 

wheelchair racers and for seated throwers. Runners and ambulatory throwers 

may not use this facility. 


Athletes’ Lounges 

Amenities at both Athletes’ Lounges will include refreshments, tables and chairs, 

and a television. One Athletes’ Lounge is located indoors, next to the indoor 

track, and the other is located outside, between the athletes’ entrance to the 

venue and the outdoor track. 

Athlete shelters 

Three athlete shelters are located at various positions next to the outdoor track. 

These spaces will be set aside for team physiotherapy use and will be available 

on a first-come, first-served basis. 


There are two changing rooms available at the venue, one each for men and 

women. Each changing room has showers, toilet facilities and ice baths. 

Changing rooms are located in the same building as the indoor track. 

Equipment storage 

There is a space within the indoor area for the overnight storage of wheelchairs 

and throwing frames. 

Media area 

There is a dedicated media space between the athletes’ entrance to the venue 

and the outdoor track. Interviews with athletes or teams must be agreed by the 

athlete and the NPC or his/her representative. 

Sports massage and physiotherapy 

Sports massage and physiotherapy services will be available on a first-come, 

first-served basis in a room within the indoor track building. 


81 

Training




London E20 2ST 


Estimated walking time from Paralympic Village Transport Mall: 10 minutes 

Venue access 

All athletes and coaches will be taken directly to the Warm-up Venue without 

stopping at the Olympic Stadium. On competition days, the first competing 

athletes may arrive at the Warm-up Venue three hours before the first event. For 

transport information, see p91. 


The athlete load zone is located at the entry to the Warm-up Venue. 


The hours of opening for the venue will be as follows: 

Date Time 



The warm-up area for the track and jumping events will contain an eight-lane, 

400m track, plus High Jump landing areas, and Long Jump/Triple Jump pits. The 

warm-up area for the throwing events will include a Javelin Throw runway, a 

Discus Throw/Hammer Throw circle (with a shared landing area) and two Shot 

Put circles. Mondotrack FTX will be used for all surfaces. In addition, there are six 

seated throws areas available. 



An Athletes’ Lounge is located in the cabins alongside the 100m straight. Drinks 

and light snacks will be available. 


Changing rooms and showers are located in the cabins near the 100m straight. 

First Call Room 

The First Call Room is located close to the 100m start line. 


Internet access 

At the Warm-up Venue, free Wi-Fi internet access is available in the track area. A 

single password will be published in the area for all users to see. 

Media area 

In accordance with LOCOG guidelines, there is a media area at the venue, but 

contact with athletes and teams is by arrangement only. 


A prosthetic and wheelchair repair service will be provided by Otto Bock, and 

will be based at the wheelchair storage tent close to the First Call Room. 

Physiotherapy and ice baths 

Physiotherapy is available in the Warm-up Venue. Ice baths are available in the 

cabins alongside the 100m straight. 

Rest areas 

Rest areas are available in team tents, as well as in the Athletes’ Lounge. 

Team tents 

There are three sections of team tents, which will be available for teams to use 

during training and warm-up. Teams will not be allocated tents, and smaller teams 

may need to share tents. Teams that do not have their own physiotherapy tables 

will be able to use tables in the temporary building nearby. 

Umbrellas 

Large umbrellas will be available upon request for shelter around the Warm-up 

Venue. 

Video board 

A video board will be placed close to the last bend of the Warm-up Venue track, 

and will show live action from the Stadium. 

Wheelchair storage 

A large tent is available for the storage of day chairs, racing chairs and throwing 

frames during the day and overnight. A token exchange system will be in place 

for retrieval of chairs, located close to the First Call Room. 


83 

Training


The Games

Accreditation 

The London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic 

Games issues a Paralympic Identity and Accreditation Card (PIAC) to each 

individual participating in the London 2012 Paralympic Games. Each PIAC 

establishes the identity of its holder. 

Cardholder‘s 

photo 

Cardholder’s 

information 

Registration 

number and 

barcode 

Zone and 

seating access 

codes 


Accreditation 

category 

Additional 

privileges 

Venue and 

sport access 

codes 

In accordance with the IPC Handbook and relevant UK legislation, a Pre-Valid 

Card, along with a passport, will serve as an official entry document to enter the 

UK between 30 March 2012 and 8 November 2012 with a period of stay not 

exceeding six months from first entry. No additional entry visa will be required 

during this period. The Pre-Valid Card will be valid for multiple entries provided it 

is accompanied on each occasion by a passport. 

The PIAC allows access to Paralympic Games venues. Before validation, the PIAC 

is referred to as a Pre-Valid Card. Once the Pre-Valid Card has been validated, it 

becomes the official PIAC for the bearer throughout the London 2012 Paralympic 

Games period. Pre-Valid Cards can be validated only after the completion of your 

NPC’s Delegation Registration Meeting and up until, and including, the day of the 

Closing Ceremony on 9 September 2012.

Accreditation facilities 

During the Paralympic Games, Accreditation Centres in the Paralympic Villages 

will serve as the primary accreditation service locations for NPC delegations. 

Venue Accreditation Help Offices (VAHOs) will be located at strategic locations at 

official Paralympic venues and provide first point-of-issue resolution, validation of 

Pre-Valid Cards and re-issuing of lost/stolen cards. 

Accreditation facilities 

Facilities Location Population Services 


Accreditation Centre 

Paralympic Rowing Village 


Paralympic Sailing Village 


Paralympic Family Hotel 

International terminals 

Venue Accreditation Help 

Offices (VAHOs) 

Welcome 

Centre 

Welcome 

Centre 

Weymouth 

and Portland 

Grange St 

Paul’s 

London 

Heathrow 

Airport 

(international 

terminals) 

Next to 

competition 

venues 

National 

Paralympic 

Committees 

(NPCs) 

Paralympic 

Family, 

including IPC, 

IPSF and NPC 

leadership 

Card validation, 

card production, 

problem resolution, 

reissuing for lost/ 

stolen card(s) 

Card validation and 

production, problem 

resolution, reissuing 

for lost/stolen 

card(s) 

All Card validation only 

All 

Card validation and 

reissuing for lost/ 

stolen card(s) 


87 

The Games

Accreditation codes 

Sport/Discipline and Venue codes and pictograms printed on the front side of the 

PIAC indicate access to competition and/or non-competition venues. A full 

description of the codes is available on the reverse side of the card. Venue zone 

access rights are printed on the PIAC using colour and alphanumeric codes. 

Zone code Description 

Blue (colour) 

Venue zone codes 

Competition areas (field of play), administrative and 

operational areas 

Red (colour) Administrative and operational areas 

2 Athlete preparation area 

4 Press areas 

5 Broadcast areas 

6 Paralympic Family Lounges 

There is also a White Zone area at competition venues where accredited 

persons may circulate. All of the aforementioned codes grant access to the 

White Zone areas. 

Zone code Description 

Paralympic Village codes 

R Paralympic Village Residential Zone 

The Paralympic Village pictogram automatically grants access to the Paralympic 

Village Plaza. 

Lost, stolen or damaged cards 

Every lost, stolen or damaged accreditation card must be reported to the nearest 

accreditation facility, where it will be cancelled in the accreditation system. A 

new card will be issued on presentation of a request for accreditation card 

replacement. 


Team Welcome Ceremonies 

The Team Welcome Ceremonies (TWCs) are the official welcome to all NPCs 

participating in the London 2012 Paralympic Games and will take place in the 

Paralympic Village Plaza from 22 to 28 August 2012. The ceremonies will act as 

a ‘celebratory moment’ at the beginning of the Games to welcome all the 

athletes, delegates and guests. Each TWC will involve up to four NPCs and will 

last no more than 30 minutes. 

Opening and Closing Ceremonies 

Opening Ceremony 

The London 2012 Paralympic Games Opening Ceremony will be held at the 

Olympic Stadium on 29 August 2012 at 20:30. The pre-show will begin at 

20:12 and the Athlete Parade will start at 20:45. 

Athletes and team officials will make their way from the Paralympic Village to the 

Olympic Stadium. The distance from the Paralympic Village exit to the entrance of 

the Olympic Stadium is approximately 1.5km. LOCOG will provide transport 

services from the Paralympic Rowing Village and the Paralympic Sailing Village 

to and from the Paralympic Village. 

All athletes and team officials participating in the Paralympic Games are eligible 

to march in the Opening Ceremony. LOCOG will check the accreditation of 

athletes and team officials on departure from each Paralympic Village and again 

before entering the Olympic Stadium. 

NPCs will enter the Olympic Park and make their way to a queue zone in 

protocol order of the Athlete Parade. Athletes and NPC team officials will enter 

the stadium, parade past the Presidential box and proceed around the field of 

play in front of the audience before taking their seats to watch the remainder of 

the ceremony. 

For athletes wishing to depart the ceremony before its completion, early 

departures will be made possible at appointed times. Athletes and NPC team 

officials will return to the Paralympic Village by making their way along the same 

route used for entering. Athletes and NPC team officials leaving after the 

completion of the ceremony will also make their way along this same route. 

Transport services for the Paralympic Rowing Village and the Paralympic Sailing 

Village will also be provided. 


89 

The Games

Closing Ceremony 

The London 2012 Paralympic Games Closing Ceremony will be held at the 

Olympic Stadium on 9 September 2012. Athletes will enter the stadium from 

19:45 before the show starts at 20:30 but there will be no official parade. 

Athletes will make their way from the Paralympic Village to the Olympic Stadium 

on the same route as for the Opening Ceremony. 

Parading athletes and officials 

Under no circumstances may participants in the Opening or Closing 

Ceremonies display any form of publicity or propaganda – commercial, political 

or otherwise – on any item worn, or in any other manner that is visible on 

camera. Participants may not use cameras or handheld video recorders during 

the parade. The use of mobile phones by athletes and officials during the 

Ceremonies is also strictly prohibited. 

Ticketing 

During their own discipline’s competitions, athletes and officials may access the 

athletes’ stand without a ticket upon presentation of their PIAC. 

Different Discipline Spectating Athletes (DDAs) and officials 

LOCOG is offering a limited number of complimentary tickets to the A stand in 

competition venues for all sports other than Sailing in Weymouth and Portland. 

Please contact your NPC for further details on how these can be requested, but 

please also remember that there are a limited number of tickets and capacity 

is restricted. 

DDA transport to venues 

See p93. 

Athlete Family and Friends (AF&F) tickets 

LOCOG has set aside approximately 35,000 tickets specifically for sale to the 

family and friends of athletes who are participating in the London 2012 

Paralympic Games. The sale and distribution of tickets is the responsibility of 

NPCs, who will be able to explain further the sales process. 

Two tickets will be made available per competing athlete per session with the 

exception of Swimming, where only one ticket may be offered because of the 

high number of participating athletes and the venue capacity. 

Ticket box offices 

Ticket box offices will be situated in the Olympic Park and at all other venues in 

close proximity to the venue access control area (entrance). Box offices will 


usually open 90 minutes before the beginning of the first session in their vicinity 

and will close between 30 and 60 minutes after the end. There will also be a 

ticket box office in the Paralympic Village Plaza from 22 August to 9 September 

2012, open from 09:00 to 21:00. 

Paralympic day passes 

Day passes give entry to multiple venues/arenas within a precinct/venue on a 

specific day, enabling a spectator to view several different Paralympic sports. 

Access to a specific session in a venue/arena is based on availability and is 

therefore not guaranteed. Day passes will be available for the Olympic Park (five 

venues, six sports), ExCeL (five arenas, six sports) and The Royal Artillery 

Barracks (two sports). 

Ticket touting 

It is a criminal offence to resell London 2012 tickets in a public place (including 

online) or in the course of business (this includes anything as a result of which a 

person makes or aims to make a profit) without the authorisation of LOCOG. This 

law applies in the UK but is also intended to apply to activities that take place 

overseas. Please make your team members aware of this offence. The offence is 

enforced by the police in the UK, and LOCOG will not be able to assist if the 

rules are breached. 

Transport 

A summary of transport at the Games follows. Please note that full details of 

transport services at the Games, including timetables, may be found on Info + and 

in the Athlete Transport Guide. 

Athletes/NPC transport system (TA) 

During the London 2012 Paralympic Games, the TA system will provide transport 

services for athletes and NPC team officials and their accompanying baggage 

and personal sport equipment, from 22 August until 11 September 2012. 

TA system privileges are available to Aa, Ab, Ac, Am, Ao and As accredited 

persons. P-accredited training partners and personal coaches are not permitted to 

use the TA system. 

Frequency-based or scheduled TA services 

Services will run on a regular frequency, or in accordance with a schedule 

published on Info + or in the Athlete Transport Guide. 

– Arrivals from London Heathrow Airport (LHR) to the Paralympic Village will run 

on peak and off-peak frequency based on Arrivals and Departures System 

(ADS) data. 


91 

The Games

– Departures to LHR from the Paralympic Village will be scheduled after 

reconfirmation of flight details at the NPC Service Centre Arrivals and 

Departures desk. 

– Arrivals and Departures from LHR to the Paralympic Rowing Village, 

Paralympic Sailing Village and Grooms’ Accommodation will be scheduled 

according to ADS data. 

– Competition and training. 

– Internal Village Transport Service (IVTS) at the Paralympic Village and 

Paralympic Rowing Village. 

– Opening Ceremony. 

– Different Discipline Spectating Athletes (DDAs) to certain venues where sharing 

competition service is not available. 

Pre-bookable services 

The following services are only available if pre-booked in accordance with the 

following table: 

Pre-bookable services 

Service Bookable by Bookable at 

Inter-Village 

Connection 

Service 

Team sports 

Between the Paralympic 

Village and the Paralympic 

Rowing Village; and 

between the Paralympic 

Village and the Paralympic 

Sailing Village 

New services 

Change of service 

Cancellation of service 

16:00 the day 

before travel * 

12:00 the day 

before travel 


Transport desk 

Sport-specific 

desks at SIC, 

Paralympic 

Village 

* Service will be replaced by an Opening Ceremony service on 29 

August 2012. 

TA system loading and unloading 

TA services will use load zones in the Paralympic Village Transport Mall except 

for the following services, which will operate from the Welcome Centre: 

– Arrival services 

– Off-peak departures before 10 September 2012 

– Inter-Village Connection Service (IVCS) 

– DDA-dedicated services

Scheduled competition and training services from the Paralympic Village 

Transport Mall 

In principle, competition services will start three hours before competition and 

finish two hours after competition. Training services are scheduled in line with the 

training requirements of individual sports. All schedules will be available on the 

Info + system and in the Athlete Transport Guide. Estimated journey times do not 

include any security screening times, any queuing time or, where applicable, 

in-venue times. Please allow up to 15 minutes for this on arrival at the venue. 

Scheduled services for spectating athletes 

LOCOG encourages all spectating athletes to walk to Olympic Park venues from 

the Paralympic Village. An accessible shuttle bus will also operate to all 

competition venues in the Olympic Park. For most other venues in London, both 

same discipline and Different Discipline Spectating Athletes (DDAs) are permitted 

to travel on the scheduled competition services to the venue. Priority will always 

be given to competing athletes and in many cases public transport will offer a 

more efficient travel alternative, particularly on return journeys where spectator 

exits and transport may be much closer to spectator seating areas than the 

athletes load zone back of house. 

For North Greenwich Arena and for Eton Dorney, where DDAs will not be able to 

travel on the teams’ vehicle or take any competition service from the Paralympic 

Village Transport Mall, there will be a separate DDA service available from the 

Paralympic Village Welcome Centre to a front-of-house load zone. There will be 

one departure and return time per session. The table below gives details of the 

DDA services, along with public transport information. Please note that public 

transport travel times do not include any queueing or waiting times. 

DDA services from Paralympic Village Welcome Centre for team sports 

Wheelchair Basketball at 

North Greenwich Arena 

Rowing at Eton Dorney 

DDA service dates 30 August – 8 September 31 August – 3 September 

Estimated journey time 20mins 1hr 30mins 

Vehicle type Single deck bus Coach 

Public transport London Underground 

Underground, train and 

shuttle bus 

Estimated travel time 15mins 110mins 


93 

The Games

Paralympic Route Network (PRN) 

The Paralympic Route Network (PRN) is a network of roads linking all competition 

and official non-competition venues. The PRN will help to ensure that the 

Paralympic Family is able to travel efficiently between venues and 

accommodation while also keeping other traffic on the roads moving. 

Core routes 

The PRN core routes include the main roads between central London and 

the Olympic Park, and heading south to competition venues such as North 

Greenwich Arena and ExCeL. Games lanes will be available on significant 

portions of the core routes from 06:00 to 00:00 from 28 August to 

11 September 2012. 

Venue-specific routes in London 

Measures in place on routes to other venues across London will operate on days 

when training and competition is taking place. Routes will typically be 

operational from 07:00 to 19:00 but times may vary in accordance with the 

event schedule. 

Venue-specific routes outside London 

Measures in place on routes to other venues located outside London (Eton Dorney 

and Brands Hatch) and in Weymouth and Portland will operate as and when the 

event schedule requires. Further information on the PRN may be found on the 

Transport for London (TfL) and London 2012 websites: 

– tfl.gov.uk/corporate/projectsandschemes/18196.aspx 

– london2012.com/olympic-route-network/home.html 

Marathon 

Due to the Marathon event taking place at The Mall on 9 September 2012, some 

PRN roads will be closed off to traffic. Alternative routes will be in place. 

Public transport 

For help planning the quickest and easiest route to your destination, go to 

tfl.gov.uk/journeyplanner. This handy planner also allows you to search for the 

most accessible routes – for instance, avoiding stations with stairs and escalators, 

or limiting the distance you need to walk. Further assistance is provided by 

Transport for London’s 24-hour information centre, on +44 (0)843 222 1234. 

Oyster cards 

You should have received an Oyster card with your accreditation. An Oyster card 

is a contactless electronic travelcard that allows you to travel on London’s public 

transport system during the Games. The card allows you to use the following 

modes of transport within zones 1 to 6: 


– London Underground (tube) 

– London buses 

– Docklands Light Railway (DLR) 

– Trams 

– National Rail services within designated zones 

This does not include river services (you can get one-third off the cost with your 

Oyster card). 

Your Oyster card is paired with your Games accreditation – you must show your 

accreditation when asked. The card allows travel from central London to all 

venues within the Olympic Park, Greenwich, ExCeL and London venues. In 

addition, you can use the Oyster card to travel to the outer London venues of Eton 

Dorney and Brands Hatch on competition days. 

Using your Oyster card couldn’t be simpler, as long as you follow these rules 

when you see the yellow card reader sign. 

– Always touch in and touch out on the yellow card reader. 

– When you touch your card on the reader, a green light and one beep means 

that it has been accepted for travel. 

– A red light and two beeps mean your card has been rejected. 

– Do not proceed until your Oyster card has been accepted for travel. 

– For journeys on all London’s buses and trams, you need only touch in 

when boarding. 

– Remember: do not top up your card. 

Lost or stolen Oyster cards 

The Oyster card that you received with your accreditation will only be 

replaced in exceptional circumstances. Lost or stolen cards must be reported by 

your NPC. The original Oyster card will be cancelled before a new Oyster card 

can be issued. 

London Underground 

The London Underground is the quickest way to get around the city. At Games 

time, the tube will have extended operating hours, starting at around 05:30 and 

closing at around 01:30. You shouldn’t have to wait longer than five minutes for 

a train. 

To access the tube, simply open the gate by touching your Oyster card on the 

yellow reader, and then touch out when you have reached your destination. Tube 

stations that are wheelchair accessible are marked with a wheelchair symbol. 


95 

The Games

Docklands Light Railway (DLR) 

The DLR runs from Bank or Tower Gateway stations to Lewisham, Woolwich 

Arsenal, Beckton and Stratford. At Games time, trains will run from 05:30 

to 01:30. At DLR stations, Oyster card readers are usually located in the ticket 

hall or on the platform. The DLR is a fully accessible railway: all stations have a 

lift or ramp access to the platforms, with level access on to the trains. 

London Overground 

The London Overground railway links up many of London’s interesting 

neighbourhoods. During Games time, services will run from around 06:00 to 

01:00. Trains run every six to 10 minutes. At London Overground stations, Oyster 

card readers are usually located in the ticket halls. Wheelchair users should note 

that access to platforms usually involves using stairs, and that there may be a step 

of a few inches between the platform and the train. 

High speed service 

The high-speed rail service will operate extended hours on competition days 

between St Pancras International and Stratford International stations. Games 

Family-accredited people with a London 2012 Oyster card can access the service 

free of charge from 16 August to 12 September 2012. 

Buses 

London’s bus network is a great way to get to know the city. Many bus routes 

operate 24 hours a day, while others operate a special night service from around 

23:00 to 06:00. 

On London buses, Oyster card readers are located next to the driver. You only 

need to touch in once, when you get on the bus. All London buses are low-floor 

vehicles (excluding heritage bus routes 9 and 15), which means that they are 

lowered to street level when the bus stops and the doors open. This makes it 

easier for people with mobility impairments to board and alight. Buses can take a 

maximum wheelchair size of 70cm in width and 120cm in length. 

Water transport 

Your Oyster card and Games accreditation will also allow you to receive a 

one-third discount on standard advertised adult fares on river services provided 

by KPMG Thames Clippers. All piers are wheelchair accessible. Most riverboats 

are accessible, and most new riverboats have dedicated wheelchair spaces. Go 

to thamesclippers.com for full details of the river routes and timetables. 

Taxis 

Black cabs can be flagged down in the street, picked up at designated taxi ranks 

or booked over the phone. To flag down a black cab in the street, look out for the 

illuminated ‘For Hire’ sign. Fares are metered. All licensed taxis are accessible to 

people using wheelchairs. 


Minicabs are often cheaper than black cabs, but you are not permitted to hail 

them in the street. Always avoid unlicensed minicabs – if you are taking a 

minicab, book it over the phone and ensure that it is properly licensed. 

For details of recommended black cab and minicab firms, see 

tfl.gov.uk/gettingaround. 

Travel advice 

Here are some things to bear in mind when using London’s public transport 

network: 

– Look out when crossing roads – don’t forget cars drive on the left-hand side. 

– If you’re travelling by train or tube, stand behind the yellow line on platforms 

and allow passengers off the train before boarding. 

– Move down inside train carriages and buses, allowing others on behind you, 

and keep everything clear of the doors. 

– Stand on the right-hand side of escalators in stations – the left-hand side is for 

people in a hurry. 

– Do not leave your bags unattended at any point on your journey. 

– If you see an unattended bag or package, don’t touch it – just let a member of 

staff or the police know immediately. 

– Try to avoid walking alone at night. Keep to well-lit main roads and 

walking routes. 

– Look after your belongings. Make sure your bag is zipped and don’t flash 

around your mobile phone or other valuables. 

Villages 

For details of the three Paralympic Villages, see the relevant Village Guide, 

copies of which are available in residential accommodation at each Village. 

Security 

LOCOG is working with the UK government and the police to deliver a safe and 

secure Games that London, the UK and the world can enjoy. LOCOG is 

responsible for in-venue security, while wider policing plans are delivered by the 

Metropolitan Police and forces throughout the UK. 

LOCOG has worked in partnership with law enforcement agencies to design and 

implement security systems for each venue, making them as safe and secure as 

possible. Security measures at venues include security fencing and barriers, 

perimeter intrusion systems, security lighting, CCTV, hostile-vehicle mitigation, and 


97 

The Games

police and security patrols. To maintain safety and security, all people, vehicles 

and goods must be security-screened before they are allowed inside a venue. 

As an athlete or team official, you must go through security checks whenever you 

arrive at a Paralympic venue. These checks will be performed as quickly as 

possible, in order to allow you to reach your destination in good time. You will go 

through an accredited lane (these lanes will be signposted), separate from the 

line that spectators use. 

When you first arrive at a venue, you and your belongings will be searched. As 

part of the security checks at most venues, your bags will be X-rayed and you will 

be asked to walk through a metal detector. If you arrive in a vehicle, you will be 

asked to leave the vehicle and will be searched at an Occupant Screening Area 

(OSA), while the vehicle will be screened at a Vehicle Screening Area (VSA). 

Security at the Paralympic Villages 

To enter any of the Paralympic Villages during the Games, you must display the 

correct accreditation and go through security checks. You must go through 

accreditation and security checks each time you enter a Village, even if you 

haven’t left the Olympic Park (in the case of the Paralympic Village at Stratford). 

Security at competition venues 

If you arrive at a competition venue on official transport from another secure 

venue such as any Paralympic Village, you won’t need to go through security 

checks again when you arrive. However, if you arrive at a competition venue by 

any other means, then you will need to go through security checks. 

Security at training venues 

Security screening will also be in operation at training venues, for which you will 

need to display the appropriate accreditation. 

Security in transit 

LOCOG is working with the police and highway authorities to ensure the safety 

and security of those travelling between Paralympic venues, training sites and 

Villages. If you need to travel between venues, you will travel on the designated 

Paralympic Route Network (PRN). In addition, the Athlete Transport (TA) system 

buses will be fitted with vehicle-tracking technology, which will allow LOCOG to 

monitor bus movements and respond accordingly. 

If you are travelling between secure venues on TA vehicles using the PRN, 

you won’t have to leave the vehicle for personal screening when you arrive 

at your destination. However, the vehicles must stop briefly at the VSA for 

external screening. 

If you are returning to the Paralympic Village from a competition or training 

venue, you will not need to be personally screened during vehicle checks when 


entering the Olympic Park. However, you must go through personal screening 

after you leave the TA system vehicle at the Paralympic Village Transport Mall. 

If you need to access or park your own vehicle and have applied for and 

received the correct parking permits (with the correct parking accreditation) 

within the secure perimeter of a venue, you will be stopped at the VSA. All 

passengers must go through personal screening. 

Prohibited and restricted items 

We want everyone to have a safe and enjoyable Games, so there are rules on 

what can be brought into Paralympic venues. Below, you will find lists of items 

that are either prohibited or restricted at London 2012. However, as an athlete or 

team official, you may be exempt from some aspects of these lists – more 

information about exemptions may be found below. 

Prohibited items 

The following items may not be brought into any London 2012 venue: 

– Alcohol 

– Glass bottles over 100ml 

– Liquids, aerosols and gels in quantities larger than 100ml 

– More than one soft-sided bag with a 25l capacity (all bags must be able to fit 

under your seat) 

– Tents, placards, spray paint or any other item which could be used to 

demonstrate within the venue or sabotage property 

– Walkie-talkies, phone jammers and radio scanners 

– Laser pointers and strobe lights 

– Items that are too large to be electronically screened 

– Bicycles, folding bicycles, roller-skates and skateboards 

– Personal wireless access points and 3G hubs 

– Pets or animals (excluding service animals) 

– All types of knives and bladed items, including pocket knives and knives 

carried as part of cultural dress (excluding the Sikh article of faith kirpan/ 

ceremonial dagger) 

– Firearms and ammunition (including replicas, component parts or any device 

suspected to be a firearm) 

– Personal protection sprays such as CS or pepper sprays 

– Fireworks, explosives, flares and smoke canisters 

– Hazardous and toxic materials 

– Offensive weapons or implements such as bayonets, flick knives, extendable 

batons, sharpened combs, modified belt buckles and loose blades modified 

into weapons 

– Controlled drugs, including substances that resemble controlled drugs 

– Items that resemble prohibited items, such as replica guns or hoax 

explosive devices 


99 

The Games

Restricted items 

The following items may be brought into venues, but their use is restricted to 

certain conditions: 

– Large flags (bigger than 1m x 2m), banners and associated poles 

– Oversized hats 

– Large, golf-style umbrellas 

– Large photographic and broadcast equipment over 30cm in length, including 

tripods and monopods; please note that the use of photographic or broadcast 

equipment for commercial purposes is prohibited unless you hold media 

accreditation 

– Balls, rackets, frisbees and similar objects or projectiles 

– Excessive amounts of food 

– Noisemakers such as hunting horns, air horns, klaxons, drums, vuvuzelas 

and whistles 

– Any objects or clothing bearing political statements or overt commercial 

identification intended for ‘ambush marketing’ 

– Flags of countries not participating in the Games 

Exemptions 

As the holder of an athlete or team official accreditation, exemptions may apply 

to you, and you may carry certain items on this list. 

You may bring with you as many liquids, aerosols and gels as you require for 

personal use. However, you must pass through a back-of-house screening area. If 

you are entering a venue in an official vehicle, you must take any liquids for 

personal consumption through an OSA. You may also bring in reasonable 

amounts of alcohol, as long as it is for personal use. 

If you are not an athlete or team official, but hold a full accreditation card or 

have residential status for any of the Villages, you may carry up to five litres of 

liquids, aerosols and gels for personal use into the Villages. Alcohol in sealed 

containers is also permitted within this exemption. 

You may also bring any ‘tools of the trade’ that you need for training or 

competition. This includes sporting equipment for your sport, along with any tools 

required to repair or maintain your equipment. All such tools must be security 

checked at an accredited screening lane, and you must declare the items to 

security staff before you are screened. Tools of the trade include but are not 

limited to: 

– Multi-tools 

– Compressed O 2 and CO 2 for filling tyres 

– Matches/lighters for securing string/rope by melting 

– Spray adhesive 


– Paint thinners/solvents, for cleaning equipment 

– Other tools, such as drills, grinders, sanders, polishers, rivet machines 

and scissors 

– Repair materials such as polyester resin, epoxy resin, buffing compounds, 

paint and small quantities of acetone 

– First aid kits, including scissors and tweezers 

– Portable, two-part folding medical treatment tables 

– Stringing kits, including pliers and awls, for use in racket sports 

Requests for emergency assistance 

Within venues, police, fire and medical personnel will be always available if you 

need assistance. When immediate action is required, please call these numbers 

for police, fire or medical emergencies. 

Inside the Olympic Park 

– Emergencies: 0300 2012 222 

– Non-emergencies: 020 3 288 5858 or 020 3 288 5901 

– Health (non-emergency): 0300 2012 111 

Outside the Olympic Park 

– Emergencies: 999 

– Non-emergencies: 101 

When calling for emergency assistance: 

– Know your location. 

– Tell the call taker whether you require the police, fire, or ambulance. 

– Be prepared to answer questions. 

– Do not programme emergency numbers into any telephone. Speed dials can 

lead to accidental emergency calls. 

– For non-English speakers, knowing the language you speak and knowing key 

words in English such as ‘police’, ‘fire’ and ‘ambulance’ will help speed up 

the process. 

Recycling 

London 2012 has the inspiring ambition to host the first ever Zero Waste Games, 

with no Games waste being sent to landfill. To make this happen, we all need to 

play our part, so please recycle. 


101 

The Games

Recycling at the Games is simple. On all packaging, you will find one of these 

three recycling symbols or a coloured mark: 

Recycling 

Compostable 

Packaging 

These symbols show you which of the three coloured bins to use for your rubbish. 

Simply match the symbol to the colour of the bin. 

Green bins 

Plastic bottles, plastic trays and tubs, newspapers, magazines and drinks cans 

should be put into the green bins. 

Orange bins 

All food and specially designed compostable food packaging found in the 

Village should be put into the orange bins to be made into compost. Old flowers 

and torn clothing should also be put into the orange bins. 

Black bins 

All unrecyclable and ‘if-in-doubt’ items, such as crisp packets and sweet 

wrappers, should be put into the black bins. 

London 2012 

London in 2012 

Population: 7,556,900, estimated in 2007 (UK: 61,792,000) 

Official language: English 

Currency: pound sterling 

Local time: at Games time, Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) +1hr, also known as 

British Summer Time (BST) 

Area: 1,579 sq km (UK: 243,610 sq km) 

Latitude and longitude: 51˚30’26” N, 00˚07’39” W 

Altitude: 20m 

Government: Greater London Authority (london.gov.uk) 

London, then and now 

Londinium, the first recorded settlement on the site of the modern-day city, was 

established almost 2,000 years ago by the Romans, shortly after their invasion in 

AD 43. The Romans were eventually replaced by the Anglo-Saxons, who called 

their settlement Lundenwic; and then, in the 11th century, by the Normans, led by 

William the Conqueror. 


London expanded dramatically beyond the old city walls in the 16th, 17th and 

18th centuries, despite regular outbreaks of the plague and other major 

catastrophes such as the Great Fire of 1666. As the British Empire grew during 

the prosperous 19th century, so did London: between 1801 and 1901, its 

population spiralled from around one million to 6.5 million. The first half of the 

20th century brought two world wars and plenty of other challenges, but the 

Olympic Games in 1948 heralded a revival in the city’s fortunes. 

Today, London’s heritage is visible everywhere, from the few remaining parts of 

the Romans’ defensive wall to the world-famous dome of St Paul’s Cathedral. 

However, London is also a truly modern city, a product of today as much as of 

2,000 years of history. It is one of the world’s most important financial and 

commercial centres, but it is also an artistic and cultural hub. It is a city in which 

500-year-old landmarks sit next to brand new skyscrapers. And it is home to one 

of the most varied and vibrant populations of any world city, many of whom are 

now helping to write the current and future chapters of London’s epic history. 

Climate 

London as a whole benefits from a mild to warm climate during the summer 

months of August and September. Based on statistics from recent years, teams 

can expect an average daily high of around 20–23°C (68–73°F) in the 

Paralympic Village, with temperatures falling to a low of around 11–14°C 

(52–57°F) at night. On average, relative humidity ranges from a minimum of 

around 60% to a maximum of around 90% during this period. The average 

monthly rainfall during August and September is 49–57 millimetres; the prevailing 

winds are from the south-west. 

The country’s Paralympic heritage 

The birthplace of the Paralympic Movement was a small village in the south of 

England called Stoke Mandeville. On 29 July 1948, the same day as the 

Opening Ceremony of the London 1948 Olympic Games, Sir Ludwig Guttmann 

– a German neurologist who had emigrated to Britain in 1939 – organised an 

archery competition for World War II veterans with spinal injuries in the grounds 

of Stoke Mandeville Hospital. Four years later, athletes from the Netherlands 

joined and the international Paralympic Movement was born. The competitions at 

Stoke Mandeville Hospital were the precursor to the first Paralympic Games, held 

in Rome in 1960. 

The Paralympic Games came to Britain for the first time in 1984, when Stoke 

Mandeville co-hosted the Games with New York. After New York staged events 

from 17 to 30 June, the Games came to Stoke Mandeville between 22 July and 1 

August, with more than 1,100 athletes competing from 41 countries. Many world 

and Paralympic records were broken: Denmark’s Ingrid Lauridson and the 

American Marcia Bevard were the stars of the Games, each winning six gold 


103 

The Games

medals in Athletics and Swimming respectively. At the Stoke Mandeville Games, 

the Wheelchair Marathon was held for the first time. 

Following several years of preliminary study and research, London’s bid team for 

the 2012 Games was formed in 2003, and the bid was officially launched on 16 

January 2004. At the 117th IOC Session in Singapore, at 19:46 local time on 6 

July 2005, London won the right to stage the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 

2012. Just over seven years later, on 29 August 2012, the eyes of the world will 

be on London, and the Opening Ceremony of the 14th Paralympic Games. 

London 2012 Paralympic Games in brief 

Sports: 20 

Disciplines: 21 

Medal events: 503 

Athletes: 4,233 (projected) 

Competition venues: 19 

Days of competition: 11 

Competition sessions: 284 

Paralympic Village Official Opening: 22 August 2012 

Opening Ceremony: 29 August 2012 

Closing Ceremony: 9 September 2012 

London 2012 competition venues 

A total of 20 competition venues will be used at the London 2012 Paralympic 

Games. These are divided into four zones. 

Olympic Park 

The Olympic Park is home to seven brand new competition venues that will host 

more than two-thirds of the 503 Paralympic medal events at London 2012. The 

venues are as follows: 

– Olympic Stadium: Athletics 

– Aquatics Centre: Swimming 

– Basketball Arena: Wheelchair Basketball, Wheelchair Rugby 

– Copper Box: Goalball 

– Eton Manor: Wheelchair Tennis 

– Riverbank Arena: Football 5-a-side, Football 7-a-side 

– Velodrome: Cycling (Track) 

The Park, which will create a beautiful green backdrop for the Games, will also 

be home to the International Broadcast Centre/Main Press Centre and the 

Paralympic Village, which will provide a temporary base for more than 6,000 

athletes and officials. 


River Zone 

A short distance from the Olympic Park, close to the River Thames, the River Zone 

venues will host more than 100 medal events across 10 sports. The zone is a 

combination of existing venues (ExCeL, North Greenwich Arena) and temporary 

venues within London landmarks (Greenwich Park, The Royal Artillery Barracks). 

– ExCeL: five arenas hosting Boccia, Judo, Powerlifting, Table Tennis, Sitting 

Volleyball, Wheelchair Fencing 

– Greenwich Park: Equestrian 

– North Greenwich Arena: Wheelchair Basketball 

– The Royal Artillery Barracks: Archery, Shooting 

Other London venues 

Away from the Olympic Park and the River Zone, central London will stage the 

Marathon races on the Athletics programme, which will start and finish on 

The Mall. 

– The Mall: Athletics (Marathon) 

Out of London venues 

The 2012 Paralympic Games will travel outside London to three different 

venues: world-class venues for Rowing and Sailing, and the internationally 

renowned Brands Hatch motor racing circuit in Kent for the Road Cycling 

competition. Teams whose competitions are based at Eton Dorney and 

Weymouth and Portland will benefit from their own Villages, located near to 

the competition venues. 

– Brands Hatch, Kent: Cycling (Road) 

– Eton Dorney, Buckinghamshire: Rowing 

– Weymouth and Portland, Dorset: Sailing 


105 

The Games


Notes

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109 

Notes





111 

Notes

Delivering a memorable Paralympic 

Games to inspire a generation with the 

support of our Partners 

Worldwide Paralympic Partners 

London 2012 Paralympic Partners 

London 2012 Paralympic Supporters 

London 2012 Paralympic Suppliers and Providers 

Aggreko, Airwave, Atkins, The Boston Consulting Group, CBS Outdoor, 

Crystal CG, Eurostar, Freshfi elds Bruckhaus Deringer LLP, G4S, GlaxoSmithKline, 

Gymnova, Heathrow Airport, Heineken UK, Holiday Inn, John Lewis, 

McCann Worldgroup, Mondo, NATURE VALLEY, Next, Nielsen, Otto Bock, 

Populous, Rapiscan Systems, Rio Tinto, Technogym, Thames Water, Ticketmaster, 

Trebor, Westfi eld. 

The London 2012 Paralympic Games also acknowledges 

the support of the National Lottery

London 2012 Team Leaders' Guide Athletics

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