Strengthening the Creative Industries in Zambia - Unctad

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STRENGTHENING THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES IN ZAMBIA xiii Strengthening the Creative Industries in Zambia This report was prepared under the multi-agency project “Strengthening the creative industries in five ACP [African, Caribbean and Pacific] countries through employment and trade expansion”. This ACP pilot project is funded by the Ninth European Development Fund of the European Commission, as a component of the Support Programme to ACP Cultural Industries with the institutional support of the Secretariat of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group and has been jointly implemented by ILO, UNCTAD and UNESCO, during the period 2008–2011. The idea of this project emerged during the First Meeting of the ACP Ministers of Culture held in Dakar in June 2003, and a project proposal was presented and endorsed at the Second Meeting of ACP Ministers of Culture held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, in October, 2006. This policy-oriented report addresses the objectives set out for the implementation of phase I of the project with a view to identify needs and priorities and recommend policies to foster employment, enhancing creative capacities, trade expansion and the linkages between culture and development. The purpose is to make an analytical assessment and a policy review of the current status of the creative industries in Zambia to identify key issues and formulate policy proposals for a strategic plan of action. The ACP-EU Support Programme to cultural industries in ACP countries is funded by the European Commission, managed and monitored by the Secretariat of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP). The Programme is open to the 79 African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States and the European Union Member States that are signatories to the 9th European Development Fund (EDF). It aims at reinforcing the capacities of policy and decision makers, cultural operators and certain domains of culture and cultural industries in the ACP countries, and it is structured around three complementary components: (i) the establishment of an ACP Cultural Observatory as a mechanism for providing technical advice and information in order to improve the policy, legal and institutional frameworks of the sector; (2) a multi-agency pilot project to strengthen the creative industries in 5 selected ACP countries (Fiji, Mozambique, Senegal, Trinidad and Tobago and Zambia), jointly implemented by ILO UNCTAD and UNESCO, and (3) a grant scheme seeking to reinforce the technical, financial and managerial capacities of ACP cultural operators and cultural industries. The European Union remains the world’s leading donor for technical cooperation projects. In 2008, the year this project has started, the European Commission and its Member States collectively provided 60% of total development assistance for developing countries. For ACP countries a budget of 23 billion euros has been allocated under the 10 th European Development Fund for the period 2008-2013, nearly the double of the amount allocated under the 9 th EDF. Furthermore, the EU Commissioner for Development and Humanitarian Aid, in collaboration with the EU Commissioner for Education, Culture and Youth, in the context of the EU-ACP policy and economic relations, organized an important EU-ACP colloquium on the topic "Culture and Creativity, Vectors for Development" held in Brussels in April 2009. The event gathered about 800 participants from 65 African, Caribbean, Pacific and EU countries, including policymakers, development professionals, artists, creators and the civil society. The innovative aspect of the colloquium was that the "Brussels Declaration" was prepared by artists and cultural and development professionals setting three types of objectives at policy, economic and cultural levels. The growing importance of the creative industries to foster development was recognized by both the European and ACP partners.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report was prepared with the purpose to make an assessment and a policy review of the current status of creative industries in Zambia with a view to identify key issues and formulate policy recommendations to assist the government to shape a strategic plan of action aiming at building a solid basis for enhancing its creative economy for employment, trade and development gains. Part I of the study provides a general introduction to Zambia's economic, political and social environment. Throughout each of the chapters of the study, concrete action steps are proposed with the aim to promote and strengthen the creative industries in Zambia. Part II describes the project context and the efforts undertaken at local level to develop the creative industries. The Government of Zambia is aware that the creative industries are a fast-growing economic sector that holds great potential for developing countries, which often have rich traditions of art, music, dance, literature, film, and other forms of creative assets, as well as a vast cultural heritage and traditional knowledge. Part III, provides an overview of macroeconomic issues and cross-cutting factors that have an impact in the development of the creative industries. The institutional framework and the current organizational structure for the administration of cultural policy are examined. Particular attention is given to the vision presented at the Fifth National Development Plan as regards arts and culture, and to the objectives set by the Ministry of Community Development and Social Services, whose goal is to provide an enabling environment for safeguarding and promoting Zambian tangible and intangible heritage and to ensure the development and promotion of cultural industries. The chapter reviews the institutional mechanisms already in place to support the creative sector and gives an overview of the organization of the cultural sector in the country, identifying the main stakeholders, and needed actions. It also examines the current regulatory framework and relevant legislation. Issues related to employment conditions are pointed out since most artists and creative professionals are self-employed or work in the informal sector, thus, they do not benefit from the usual rights and obligations prescribed by the Industrial and Labour Relations Act. The report stresses the need of better awareness at country level about issues related to intellectual property rights, emphasizing that the international legislation on current copyright and related rights needs to address the concerns of developing countries, in the context of the proposals and deliberations being negotiated under the WIPO Development Agenda. In the same way, countries can stimulate their creative industries by providing special fiscal regimes as an incentive to artists and cultural producers. Investments and access to capital remains a key issue for unleashing the creative potential of developing countries. UNCTAD proposes the "creative nexus" model as a way to stimulate private investment, attracting new technologies, promoting entrepreneurship and setting the basis for a an export-led strategy for the creative industries. The report notes that the creative entrepreneurs are mostly micro and small enterprises often at the top of the supply chain at the creation stage. Part III highlights that creative industries are among the most dynamic sectors of world trade. According to the Creative Economy Report 2010, world exports of creative goods and services are expanding fast and reached $592 billion in 2008 with an annual growth rate of 14 per cent during the 2002-2008 period. South-South trade of creative goods amounted to nearly $60 billion. Zambia's total trade on creative goods amounted to $2.3 million in 2008; however no data is available for the creative services. Services are of critical importance for most economies in Africa. Therefore, two main sectors are briefly examined, the tourism and the audiovisual sectors, due to their close linkages with the local creative economy. Technology and connectivity, education and training as well as the linkages between the creative economy and the ecology are discussed as key components for a national strategy to reinforce entrepreneurial and creative capacities. Collection of reliable data for the creative industries remains imperative for a clear picture of the country situation and for policy formulation. On the basis of the UNCTAD Global database on creative economy, a country profile for Zambia was created to analyze the trade performance of the creative industries in the country.
Page 1 and 2: U N I T E D N A T I O N S C O N F E
Page 3 and 4: ii STRENGTHENING THE CREATIVE INDUS
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS T
Page 7 and 8: TABLE OF CONTENTS vii TABLE OF CONT
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF FIGURES, CHARTS AND TABLES
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68 PART 6. PLAN OF ACTION Output 2.
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72 PART 6. PLAN OF ACTION producing
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74 LIST OF CONTACTS Mumba, Norah. W
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76 REFERENCES International Labour
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78 REFERENCES UNCTAD (2008). Region
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80 COUNTRY PROFILE AND STATISTICS P
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82 COUNTRY PROFILE AND STATISTICS 7
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