Eating Disorders and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An ...

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Inflated responsibility and eating disorders………………………… 42 Overestimation of threat and eating disorders…………………….. 42 Chapter 4: Rationale, Aims, and Research Questions…………………………. 46 Chapter 5: Method…………………………………………………………………….. 51 Participants……………………………………………………………………… 51 Overview of the sample………………………………………………. 51 Gender………………………………………………………………….. 51 Residential state………………………………………………………. 52 Age……………………………………………………………………… 52 Body Mass Index (BMI)………………………………………………. 53 Living arrangements………………………………………………….. 54 Educational attainment……………………………………………….. 54 Diagnostic history……………………………………………………… 54 Measures……………………………………………………………………….. 55 Demographics questionnaire………………………………………… 57 Eating Disorders Examination – Questionnaire (EDE-Q)…………. 57 Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory – Revised (OCI-R)…………….. 60 Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS-F)…………………… 61 Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-44)………………………... 62 Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ)……………………………….. 63 Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS)………………………… 63 Body Checking Cognitions Scale (BCCS)………………………….. 64 Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire – Eating Disorder Version (OBQ-EDV)…………………………………………………………….. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES)……………………………... 66 Procedure……………………………………………………………………….. 67 Development of the research website………………………………. 67 Recruitment of the community sample……………………………… 68 Eating and anxiety disorder associations………………….. 68 University students…………………………………………… 68 65 vi
Media releases……………………………………………….. 69 Radio and television sources……………………………….. 70 Print media…………………………………………………….. 70 Recruitment of the clinical sample…………………………………… 71 Participation in the study……………………………………………… 72 Process After Participation…………………………………………… 73 Chapter 6: Data Preparation, Screening, and Categorisation of Participants to Groups……………………………………………………………………………….. Missing Value Analysis………………………………………………………… 75 Assumption Testing……………………………………………………………. 76 Significance Testing and Effect Size Estimates…………………………….. 76 Categorisation of Participants to Groups……………………………………. 80 Diagnostic history……………………………………………………… 80 Self-reported treatment history………………………………………. 82 Criteria used to categorise the eating disorder group……………... 83 Criteria used to categorise the Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) group…………………………………………………………… Criteria used to categorise the Depression group…………………. 87 Criteria used to categorise the Community Control group………... 87 Categorisation of participants with a comorbid history of psychopathology………………………………………………………. Demographic characteristics across the comparison groups…….. 90 Chapter 7: Study 1 - The Association Between Eating Disorders and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptomatology………………………………………… Method…………………………………………………………………………... 94 Results…………………………………………………………………………... 95 Eating Disorder Symptom Comparison Across Clinical and Non- Clinical Groups………………………………………………………… Eating Disorder Behaviours Across Clinical and Non-Clinical Groups………………………………………………………………….. Comparison between Eating Disorder and Obsessive- 75 87 89 94 95 99 vii
Page 1 and 2: Eating Disorders and Obsessive-Comp
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgments I would like to sin
Page 5: Table of Contents Declaration of Au
Page 9 and 10: Results………………………
Page 11 and 12: Appendix D DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Cri
Page 13 and 14: Table 12 Mean and Standard Deviatio
Page 15 and 16: Figure 12 Effect size for the Mann-
Page 17 and 18: LEDBs: Lifetime Eating Disorder Beh
Page 19 and 20: psychopathology. Each participant c
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 1 Introduction and Aims of
Page 23 and 24: ehaviours and whether these beliefs
Page 25 and 26: Jones, Fox , Babigan, & Hutton, 198
Page 27 and 28: The course of EDNOS varies greatly
Page 29 and 30: disorder behaviours (LEDBs) among a
Page 31 and 32: Further support for these findings
Page 33 and 34: disorder patients and community con
Page 35 and 36: Chapter 3 Eating Disorders and Obse
Page 37 and 38: not related to food, body shape, or
Page 39 and 40: compared with the 2% to 3% reported
Page 41 and 42: (Channon & DeSilva, 1985). These fi
Page 43 and 44: Empirical evidence for this content
Page 45 and 46: checking may be related to neutrali
Page 47 and 48: Perfectionism/Intolerance of Uncert
Page 49 and 50: with OCD or another anxiety disorde
Page 51 and 52: Perfectionism and Inflated Responsi
Page 53 and 54: perfectionism in women was related
Page 55 and 56: elationship emerged when the patien
Page 57 and 58:
chance, inconclusive). Results indi
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Shafran (2002) reports on an experi
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disorders (Meyer et al., 2000). Tho
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overestimation of threat differs bo
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suicide attempts. As such, further
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and BN will report obsessive-compul
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3. After controlling for general sy
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Participants Chapter 5 Method Overv
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adolescence and early adulthood (Am
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detailed description of the psychop
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Demographics questionnaire. A brief
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anging from .81 to .94 for the four
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acceptable intercorrelations among
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Responsibility/Overestimation of Th
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checking, validity data is still ac
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depression, anxiety, and less accep
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University. Provided permission was
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publications (e.g., Medical Search
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information provided would remain p
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Chapter 6 Data Preparation, Screeni
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the violation. If a marked violatio
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These guidelines have been incorpor
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history of this disorder. By compar
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Regarding the length of treatment,
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espect to extreme dietary restraint
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Criteria used to categorise the Obs
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It should be noted that a proportio
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Table 3 Demographic Characteristics
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the time of the study. When compare
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Results Eating Disorder Symptom Com
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Women with an eating disorder repor
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Eating Disorder Behaviours Across C
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As shown, women with an eating diso
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Approximately 80% of participants i
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All correlations were found to be s
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Women with OCD had significantly hi
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Small Medium Large Based on the fin
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violation in the homogeneity of var
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As shown, participation in one, two
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Small Medium Large Small to medium
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Participants in the community contr
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eating disorder engaged in substant
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disorder, those with OCD have more
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dietary restraint when compared wit
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study, investigation of the relatio
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Results Correlations Between Eating
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Correlations between the EDE-Q and
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As shown in Table 10, all univariat
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which indicates an exceptionally hi
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Accounting for the effects of obses
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Responsibility/Threat Estimation, t
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disorder and depression groups on R
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studies have compared community con
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that across eating disorder categor
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eating, shape, and weight domain. R
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would be similarly related on the b
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Of the 31 items, nine loaded on Fac
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thus obtaining a measure of interna
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Table 15 Item Analysis for the Four
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A strong association was found betw
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Table 17 Correlation Matrix for the
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Running head: EATING DISORDERS AND
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Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
F subscales. OBQ-EDV Perfectionism
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etween Perfectionism and Intoleranc
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loading on individual factors and a
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BCQ subscales in the realms of .50
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associated with weight gain, a need
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no diagnostic history also being co
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As shown, group differences emerged
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Comparison of Eating Disorder Diagn
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Independent Variable Mediator Depen
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Beta weights and corresponding p-va
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the community control group across
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Comparison of Eating Disorder Diagn
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eliefs presents an ominous picture
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eliefs in eating disorders lies in
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eliefs have several overlapping fea
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obsessions and preoccupations stem
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score higher on the OBQ-EDV total s
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scores of equal severity on the OBQ
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Theoretical Implications The curren
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Despite this, findings of the curre
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or the sense of inflated responsibi
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any qualitative assessments with pa
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Recommendations for Future Research
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necessary to provide a more concret
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References Abramowitz, J. S., & Dea
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Binford, R. B., & le Grange, D. (20
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Collings, S., & King, M. (1994). Te
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Fairburn, C. G., & Beglin, S. J. (1
Page 241 and 242:
Garner, D. M., Olmstead, M., & Poli
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Halmi, K. A., Eckert, E., Marchi, P
Page 245 and 246:
Hudson, J. I., Pope Jr., H. G., Yur
Page 247 and 248:
Lucas, A. R., Beard, C. M., O’Fal
Page 249 and 250:
compulsive symptoms. Journal of Anx
Page 251 and 252:
Paxton, S. J., Shelton, B., & McLea
Page 253 and 254:
Rothenberg, A. (1986). Eating disor
Page 255 and 256:
Simonds, L. M., Thorpe, S. J., & El
Page 257 and 258:
Tolin, D. F., Worhunsky, P., & Malt
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Williamson, D. A., Gleaves, D. H.,
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A. Appendix A DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic
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Appendix C DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic Cri
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C. D. 245 The obsessions or compuls
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18. Even if gaining weight is very
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1 st February 2008 Adrian Schembri
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Appendix G Plain Language Statement
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and weight will be investigated as
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October 10, 2008 Appendix H Letter
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Appendix I Sources of Recruitment E
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259
Page 281 and 282:
261
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Eating disorder study examines wome
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Appendix M Copy of the May, 2009 Me
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• About one-third regularly used
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INVITATION TO PARTICIPATE IN A RESE
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271 welcome to contact Dr David Smi
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