Conference book - Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2011
Conference book - Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2011
Conference book - Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2011
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<strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>Technologies</strong><br />
October 2-5, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Lodz, Poland<br />
PROGRAM AND SHORT ABSTRACTS
Dear friends and colleagues:<br />
On behalf of the Organizing Committee I would like to welcome you<br />
to the <strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>Technologies</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> in Lodz. We<br />
held PAT <strong>2011</strong> as part of celebrations of the International Year of<br />
Chemistry and the 100 th anniversary of the Nobel Prize in chemistry<br />
awarded to Maria Skłodowska-Curie. This year our conference is a<br />
very special one. For the first time Professor Menachem Lewin, who<br />
passed away on 18 th February, <strong>2011</strong> will not be with us at the<br />
meeting. The special session will commemorate his contribution to<br />
creation and development of PAT journal and the series of PAT conferences.<br />
For many tenths of centuries only a few classes of materials constituted basis of all civilizations.<br />
Discoveries from the beginning of XX th century leading to the first synthetic polymers did<br />
change this situation <strong>for</strong>ever. Today polymers are commonly used in all areas of human activity.<br />
From simple applications, due to continuous progress of polymer science, these materials<br />
became indispensible in modern electronics, optics, medicine, transportation and many others.<br />
<strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>Technologies</strong> conferences did play a role of the plat<strong>for</strong>m supporting<br />
exchange of in<strong>for</strong>mation on recent achievements in this area. We do hope that also this time<br />
more than two hundred lectures and poster presentations, as well as in<strong>for</strong>mal discussions will<br />
stimulate studies and future discoveries.<br />
I would like to acknowledge contribution of authors of all presentations, chairpersons and<br />
members of the Scientific Committee. The conference could not have been organized without<br />
help of our colleagues from the <strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>Technologies</strong> journal and personal<br />
friends of Professor Menachem Lewin, who organized the special session devoted to his<br />
memory. I would like to acknowledge also the organizing team from the Centre of Molecular<br />
and Macromolecular Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences and, last but not least, all our<br />
sponsors.<br />
Enjoy the PAT <strong>2011</strong> conference and very special atmosphere of Manufaktura, where our<br />
meeting takes place<br />
Stanislaw Slomkowski<br />
Chair of PAT <strong>2011</strong>
Key Partner of the Polish Academy of Sciences<br />
in celebration of the International Year of Chemistry <strong>2011</strong><br />
th<br />
and the 100 anniversary of the Nobel Prize in chemistry<br />
awarded to Maria Skłodowska-Curie
iodegradable polymers<br />
BIOPOL sesion was organized<br />
by the BIOPOL IOEP project
CONTENTS<br />
<strong>Conference</strong> area floor plan…………………………………………………………….3<br />
Scientific Committee, Local Organizing Committee……………………………...…4<br />
List of plenary and invited speakers…………………………………………………..5<br />
Practical in<strong>for</strong>mation…………………………………………………………………...6<br />
Program………………………………………………………………………………....9<br />
Short abstracts – plenary lectures/BALLROOM 1………………………………….19<br />
Short abstracts – lectures in sessions…………………………………………………23<br />
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 2……………………………………………………........24<br />
Lectures in sessions/DAMASK...……………………………………………………..31<br />
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 1....................……………………………………….…...39<br />
Lectures in sessions/BALLROOM1……………………………………………….…47<br />
Short abstracts – posters/BALLROOM 2………………………………………..….55<br />
List of participants.........................................................................................................83<br />
List of other participants...............................................................................................88<br />
1
CONFERENCE AREA FLOOR PLAN<br />
FLOOR 0<br />
SATIN 1 - Nano- micro- and related colloidal systems; <strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> development<br />
of infrastructure<br />
SATIN 2 - Biopol<br />
DAMASK - Fire retardants; <strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> textiles and packaging<br />
RESTAURANT- Lunches<br />
FOYER- PAT<strong>2011</strong> Registration Office<br />
FLOOR 4<br />
BALLROOM 1 - Plenary lectures; Progress in basic polymer science<br />
BALLROOM 2 - Posters session<br />
BALLROOM (1 + 2) - <strong>Conference</strong> dinner<br />
3
Scientific Comittee<br />
Stanislaw Slomkowski (Chair), Poland<br />
Stanislaw Penczek (Scientific Advisor), Poland<br />
Gobet Advincula, USA<br />
Selma Agarwal, Germany<br />
Ann-Christine Albertsson, Sweden<br />
Serge Bourbigot, France<br />
Mary Chan, Singapore<br />
Francesco Ciardelli, Italy<br />
William H. Daly, USA<br />
Avi Domb, Israel<br />
Andrzej Duda, Poland<br />
Andrzej Dworak, Poland<br />
Jan Florjanczyk, Poland<br />
Curt Frank, USA<br />
Andrzej Galeski, Poland<br />
Eric Goethals, Belgium<br />
Andreas Greiner, Germany<br />
Ian W. Hamley, UK<br />
Sung Chul Kim, Korea<br />
Robert Langer, USA<br />
Timothy Long, USA<br />
Peter Lovell, UK<br />
Gyorgy Marosi, Hungary<br />
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski, Poland/USA<br />
Moshe Narkis, Israel<br />
Maria Nowakowska, Poland<br />
Eli Pearce, USA<br />
Rick Register, USA<br />
Janusz Rosiak, Poland<br />
Gregory N. Tew, USA<br />
Jacek Ulanski, Poland<br />
Jean-Pierre Vairon, France<br />
Drahomir Vyprachticky, Czech Republic<br />
Ian M. Ward, UK<br />
Charles A. Wilkie, USA<br />
Local Organizing Comittee<br />
Chairman<br />
Stanislaw Slomkowski, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Secretaries<br />
Anna Kowalewska, CMMS PAS<br />
Teresa Basinska, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Members<br />
Małgorzata Baśko, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Melania Bednarek, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Tadeusz Biela, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Witold Fortuniak, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Mariusz Gadzinowski, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Monika Gosecka, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Mateusz Gosecki, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Krzysztof Kałużyński, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Urszula Mizerska, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Andrzej Pawlak, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Barbara Pretula, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Marta Socka, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Włodzimierz Stańczyk, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Anna Szeląg, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Webmasters<br />
Tomasz Ganicz, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
Tomasz Makowski, CMMS PAS, Poland<br />
4
Plenary speakers<br />
Ann-Christine Albertsson, Royal Institute of Technology (Sweden)<br />
Yoshiharu Doi, Rikken Resarch Cluster <strong>for</strong> Innovation (Japan)<br />
James Economy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (USA)<br />
Yves Gnanou, Université Bordeaux (France)<br />
Alexei R. Khokhlov, Moscow State University (Russia)<br />
Jacob Klein, Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel)<br />
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski, Carnegie Mellon University (USA)<br />
Cristopher Ober, Cornell University (USA)<br />
Natalia P. Tarasova, D. Mendeleev University (Russia)<br />
Brigitte Voit, Leibniz-Institut für Polymer<strong>for</strong>schung (Germany)<br />
Invited speakers<br />
Spiros H. Anastasiadis, Foundation <strong>for</strong> Research and Technology – Hellas (Greece)<br />
Marcus Antonietti, Max Planck Institut (Germany)<br />
Tadeusz Biela, Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies (Poland)<br />
Serge Bourbigot, Universite Lille Nord de France (France)<br />
Giovanni Camino, University of Torino (Italy)<br />
Wiliam H. Daly, Louisiana State University (USA)<br />
Abraham Domb, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Israel)<br />
Andrzej Duda, Center of Molecular and macromolecular Studies (Poland)<br />
Andrzej Dworak, Center of Polymer and Carbon Materials (Poland)<br />
Ulrica Edlund, Royal Institute of Technology (Sweden)<br />
Jan Florjanczyk, Technical University of Warsaw (Poland)<br />
Alain Fradet, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (France)<br />
George Fytas, University of Crete (Greece)<br />
Henryk Galina, Rzeszow University of Technology (Poland)<br />
Andrzej Galeski, Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies (Poland)<br />
Kurt E. Geckeler, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (Korea)<br />
Baljinder Kandola, University of Bolton (UK)<br />
Harm-Anton Klok, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (Switzerland)<br />
Sébastien Lecommandoux, Université de Bordeaux (France)<br />
Gyorgy Marosi, Budapest University of Technology and Economics (Hungary)<br />
Artur Michalak, Jagiellonian University (Poland)<br />
Gordon Nelson, Florida Institute of Technology (USA)<br />
Maria Nowakowska, Jagiellonian University (Poland)<br />
Maria Przybylak, Institute of Natural Fibers and Medicinal Plants (Poland)<br />
Helmut Ritter, Heinrich-Heine-Universität (Germany)<br />
Bernabe L. Rivas, University of Concepción (Chile)<br />
Gabriel Rokicki, Technical University of Warsaw (Poland)<br />
Frantisek Rypacek, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry (Czech Republic)<br />
Hans Spiess, Max-Planck-Institut (Germany)<br />
Jacek Ulanski, Technical University of Lodz (Poland)<br />
Piotr Ulanski, Technical University of Lodz (Poland)<br />
Yu-Zhong Wang, Center <strong>for</strong> Degradable and Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials (China)<br />
Charles A. Wilkie, Marquette University (USA)<br />
Yusuf Yagci, Istanbul Technical University (Turkey)<br />
Majda Žigon, National Institute of Chemistry (Slovenia)<br />
5
Practical in<strong>for</strong>mation<br />
Venue<br />
Hotel Andel’s, Ogrodowa Str. 15, Lodz, tel. +48 (42) 2791000<br />
Please, note that during the whole conference participants are obliged to wear the conference<br />
identification badges.<br />
Registration<br />
Registration desk will be located in Andel’s Hotel foyer and will be open from Monday to Wednesday<br />
during the all sessions. On Sunday registration of participants will be open from 11:00 to 19:00.<br />
Internet connection<br />
Free of charge Wi-Fi is available in Manufaktura market, caffeterias and restaurants of Manufactura as<br />
well as in Manufaktura shopping Mall.<br />
Instructions <strong>for</strong> oral presentations<br />
Each conference room is equipped with a computer and an digital projector. The presentations should be<br />
prepared in Microsoft Power Point. Please, do not use fonts smaller than 16 pt.<br />
The speakers are asked to upload the file containing presentation to computer in a proper session room<br />
one day in advance. The technical staff will be ready to assist all speakers.<br />
All speakers are asked to keep their oral presentations precisely according to the schedule. Chairpersons<br />
are asked to control the frame of time of session, in order to assure the possibility <strong>for</strong> participation in<br />
parallel sessions.<br />
Instructions <strong>for</strong> posters presentations<br />
Posters session will take place on Monday, October 03, from 18:30 to 20:30 in Ballroom 2 (floor 4).<br />
Poster presenters are asked to be present at their poster (posters) during the whole poster session. The<br />
poster boards will be marked with the poster numbers. All posters presenters are asked to refer to the<br />
Program <strong>for</strong> an assigned poster number.<br />
The preferred poster size is A0 (88 cm wide x 118 cm high). Alternatively, presenting persons may<br />
present their material on several smaller sheets. The title and authors names should appear at the top of<br />
the poster, as in the submitted abstract. Thumb pins will be available in Ballroom 2 <strong>for</strong> fixing posters.<br />
Posters should be fixed Monday morning and removed at 20:30, immediately after Posters Session.<br />
Social events<br />
Sunday, October 02, <strong>2011</strong><br />
14:30-17:30 Sightseeing tour of Lodz - “Promised land”, free of charge <strong>for</strong> PAT<strong>2011</strong> participants.<br />
Departure from Andel’s Hotel. Weavers district (Księży Młyn), skansen museum of<br />
workers houses from XIX c., museum of cinematography<br />
19:00 Welcome reception at the Israel Poznanski Palace localized at Ogrodowa Str. 15 (next to<br />
the Andel’s Hotel)<br />
Tuesday, October 04, <strong>2011</strong><br />
20:30 <strong>Conference</strong> dinner <strong>for</strong> all participants in Ballroom of Andel’s Hotel (floor 4)<br />
6
Thursday, October 06, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Excursion to Oporow (castle in gothic style from XV century) and Żelazowa Wola (Fryderyk Chopin<br />
birth place) – only <strong>for</strong> preregistered participants.<br />
09:00 departure from Andel’s Hotel,<br />
15:00 arrival to Warsaw Airport. Lunch is included into price.<br />
Coffee breaks<br />
During sessions breaks coffee, tea and refreshments will be served free of charge to participants wearing<br />
conference identification badges in the following places of Andel’s hotel:<br />
Monday 11:00 floor 4;<br />
16:30 foyer floor 0;<br />
Tuesday 10:30 floor 4;<br />
16:00 floor 4;<br />
Wednesday 11:35 foyer floor 0.<br />
Lunches<br />
Lunches during conference (on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday) will be served at Delight Restaurant in<br />
Andel’s Hotel (floor 0) free of charge to participants wearing conference identification badges.<br />
Exchange of currency<br />
You can exchange money (i.e. Euros, US dollars, etc.) <strong>for</strong> Polish currency (PLN) in banks or exchange<br />
offices (Polish name: kantor). Addresses of exchange offices in the Andel’s hotel vicinity are the<br />
following:<br />
Manufaktura (shopping mall – inside of main building):<br />
- Poczta Polska (Post Office, floor 0)<br />
Karskiego 5 (09:00-19:00)<br />
- Kantor wymiany walut (Exchange Office)<br />
(Mon.-Sat. 10:00-22:00; Sun. 10:00-21:00)<br />
Piotrkowska Str. 25<br />
Narutowicza Str. 2<br />
Kościuszki Al. 13<br />
Taxi<br />
Taxis in Lodz are available by call from cellular and cable phones:<br />
(+48) 42 6400400<br />
(+48) 42 6300200<br />
(+48) 42 19191<br />
(+48) 42 6111111<br />
Public transportation tickets<br />
Public transportation tickets (<strong>for</strong> buses and trams) you may find in the conference bag.<br />
7
PROGRAM<br />
9
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 02, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Andel’s Hotel, Reception Hall (floor 0)<br />
11:00-19:00 Registration<br />
19:00-22:00 Welcome Party at Poznanski Palace (Ogrodowa Str. 15)<br />
10
MONDAY, OCTOBER 03, <strong>2011</strong><br />
BALLROOM 1<br />
09:00-09:30 Opening ceremony<br />
09:30-11:00 Chairman: S. Penczek<br />
09:30-10:15 PL-01 C. Ober : Polymer Brushes: valuable tools <strong>for</strong> the biology-materials interface<br />
10:15-11:00 PL-02 A. Khokhlov: Smart polymers <strong>for</strong> oil industry<br />
11:00-11:30 Coffee break<br />
11:30-13:00 Chairman: A. Domb<br />
11:30-12:15 PL-03 Y. Doi : Biosynthesis and properties of polyhydroxyalkanoates as a biodegradable plastic<br />
12:15-13:00 PL-04 A.-Ch. Albertsson : Macromolecular design <strong>for</strong> controlled degradation<br />
13:00-14:30 Lunch break<br />
MONDAY, OCTOBER 03, <strong>2011</strong> AFTERNOON SESSIONS<br />
ROOM<br />
SATIN 2<br />
DAMASK<br />
SATIN 1<br />
14:30-16:30 Chairman: M. Nowakowska Chairman: G. Marosi<br />
Chairman: G. Rokicki<br />
BIOPOL FIRE RETARDANT<br />
NANO- MICRO- AND<br />
POLYMERS<br />
RELATED COLLOIDAL<br />
SYSTEMS<br />
14:30-15:00 IL-01 A. Duda<br />
IL-10 Ch. Wilkie<br />
IL-17 H. Spiess<br />
Controlled synthesis of Fire retardancy of epoxy resins Magnetic resonance studies of<br />
lactide/cyclic ester copolymers:<br />
nanostructured functional<br />
from blocky to statistical<br />
structures<br />
materials<br />
15:00-15:30 IL-02 F. Rypáček<br />
IL-11 G. Camino<br />
IL-18 K. Geckeler<br />
Biomimetic surfaces of polymer Surface and bulk contribution Polymer-Nanocomposites: from<br />
biomaterials <strong>for</strong> tissue to polymer and nanocomposites unorthodox design to<br />
engineering<br />
ignition<br />
interesting applications<br />
15:30-16:00 IL-03 A. Galeski<br />
Crystallization characteristics<br />
of random aromatic-aliphatic<br />
copolyesters<br />
IL-12 B. Kandola<br />
Effect of nanoparticles on the<br />
flammability of polyamide /<br />
sulfamate / dipentaerythritol<br />
system<br />
11<br />
IL-19 A. Domb<br />
Antimicrobial nanoparticles<br />
and polymers<br />
BALLROOM 1<br />
Chairman: M. Žigon<br />
PROGRESS IN BASIC<br />
POLYMER SCIENCE<br />
IL-24 W. H. Daly<br />
Catalyzed functionalization of<br />
chitosan in ionic liquids<br />
IL-25 A. Michalak<br />
Theoretical modeling of<br />
catalytic activity in the ethylene<br />
polymerization catalyzed by<br />
half-metalocene Ti(IV)<br />
complexes<br />
IL-26 A. Fradet<br />
Interchange reactions in<br />
polyester randomization and<br />
cyclization: role of end groups<br />
and catalyst
16:00-16:30 IL-04 H.-A. Klok<br />
Precision synthesis of<br />
diagnostic and sensory polymer<br />
brushes<br />
MONDAY, OCTOBER 03, <strong>2011</strong> AFTERNOON SESSIONS<br />
IL-13 S. Bourbigot<br />
Reaction to fire of polymers:<br />
how to apply the concept of<br />
intumescence?<br />
12<br />
IL-20 P. Ulański<br />
Synthesis of nanogels by<br />
electron-pulse-induced<br />
intramolecular crosslinking of<br />
single polymer chains.<br />
Experiments and simulations<br />
IL-27 H. Ritter<br />
Suprastructures via<br />
cyclodextrin mediated host<br />
guest interactions<br />
16:30-17:00 Coffee break<br />
17:00-18:00 Chairman: H.-A. Klok Chairman: G. Camino Chairman: G. Fytas Chairman: S.H. Anastasiadis<br />
S1(BIOPOL) S2(FIRE RETARDANTS) S3(NANO- MICRO- AND S4(PROGRESS IN BASIC<br />
RELATED COLLOIDAL<br />
SYSTEMS)<br />
POLYMER SCIENCE)<br />
17:00-17:20 L-01 M. Pracella L-14 H.W.P. Carvalho L-30 H. Teyssedre<br />
L-46 M. Bednarek<br />
Functionalization, Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites polystyrene flow simulations Functionalized polyurethanes<br />
compatibilization and Degradation: Looking in situ at and mechanical reaction during obtained by combining cationic<br />
properties of biodegradable<br />
Inorganic Phase<br />
thermal nanoimprint ring opening polymerization<br />
polymer composites with<br />
cellulosic fibres<br />
lithography<br />
and click chemistry<br />
17:20-17:40 L-02 G. Fontaine<br />
L-15 E. Wawrzyn<br />
L-31 P. Tarantili<br />
L-47 G. Rydzek<br />
PDLA/PLLA stereocomplexes Are novel aryl phosphates Curing mechanism of Electrochemically triggered<br />
and PDLA/PLLA/carbon competitors <strong>for</strong> BDP in<br />
condensation type morphogen driven assembly:<br />
nanotubes stereocomplexes halogen-free flame retarded poly(dimethyl siloxane)- from a step by step to a one pot<br />
nanocomposites : processing,<br />
characterization and properties<br />
PC/ABS/PTFE blend? organoclay nanocomposites<br />
process<br />
17:40-18:00 L-03 K. Numata<br />
L-16 M. ur Rahman<br />
L-32 A.A. Katbab<br />
L-48 A. Tracz<br />
Silk hydrogel and nanoparticle Optical properties of<br />
The role of interfacial Fluorescence and morphology<br />
as biomaterials<br />
imedazole-based organic compatibilization upon cure of neat and rotaxinated<br />
semiconductors<br />
kinetics of styrene butadiene poly(4,4’-diphenylene vinylene)<br />
rubber (SBR)/Organoclay<br />
nanocomposites<br />
in various states of aggregation<br />
18:00-18:30<br />
BALLROOM 2<br />
In memory of<br />
Menachem Lewin<br />
18:30-20:30 POSTERS SESSION
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 04, <strong>2011</strong><br />
BALLROOM 1<br />
09:00-10:30 Chairman: J. Ulanski<br />
09:00-09:45 PL-05 K. Matyjaszewski : ATRP as a route <strong>for</strong> materials <strong>for</strong> advanced technologies<br />
09:45-10:30 PL-06 J. Economy : Novel features of the aromatic thermosetting copolyesters<br />
10:30-11:00 Coffee break<br />
11:00-12:30 Chairman: A. Dworak<br />
11:00-11:45 PL-07 B. Voit : Dendritic glycopolymers - synthesis, characterization and application in biomedicine and bionanotechnology<br />
11:45-12:30 PL-08 J. Klein : <strong>Polymers</strong> in living systems: from biolubrication to tissue engineering<br />
12:30-14:00 Lunch break<br />
ROOM<br />
14:00-16:00<br />
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 04, <strong>2011</strong> AFTERNOON SESSIONS<br />
SATIN 2<br />
DAMASK<br />
SATIN 1<br />
Chairman: A. Duda<br />
Chairman: Ch. Wilkie Chairman: K. Geckeler<br />
BIOPOL FIRE RETARDANTS NANO- MICRO- AND<br />
RELATED COLLOIDAL<br />
SYSTEMS<br />
14:00-14:30 IL-05 G. Rokicki<br />
Carbonate monomers as<br />
starting materials <strong>for</strong> obtaining<br />
new polymeric materials<br />
14:30-15:00 IL-06 S. Lecommandoux<br />
Biomimetic self-assembled<br />
block copolymer vesicles <strong>for</strong><br />
combined cancer therapy and<br />
diagnosis<br />
15:00-15:30 IL-07 A. Dworak<br />
Termosensitive polymers <strong>for</strong><br />
growth of skin cell sheets<br />
IL-14 M.Wladyka-Przybylak<br />
Flammability properties and<br />
fire retardancy of natural fiber-<br />
rein<strong>for</strong>ced composites<br />
IL-15 G. Marosi<br />
Environmental approach to fire<br />
retardancy<br />
IL-16 H. Galina<br />
Epoxy resins of reduced<br />
flammability <strong>for</strong> aviation<br />
industry<br />
13<br />
IL-21 G. Fytas<br />
Hypersonic soft phononics<br />
IL-22 Z. Florjanczyk<br />
Functionalized nanoparticles<br />
based on aluminum<br />
hydroxides and phosphates<br />
L-33 M.A Rodriguez-Perez<br />
From micro to nanocellular<br />
polymeric materials<br />
BALLROOM 1<br />
Chairman: W.H. Daly<br />
PROGRESS IN BASIC<br />
POLYMER<br />
SCIENCE)/(POLYMERS FOR<br />
DEVELOPMENT OF<br />
INFRASTRUCTURE)<br />
IL-28 B. L. Rivas<br />
Functional polymers with<br />
ability to remove ion species<br />
with environmental impact<br />
IL-29 S. H. Anastasiadis<br />
Smart polymer-functionalized<br />
surfaces: from<br />
superhydrophilicity to<br />
superhydrophobicity and water<br />
repellence<br />
IL-30 M. Žigon<br />
UV-Absorbing zinc<br />
oxide/poly(methylmethacrylate)<br />
nanocomposites<br />
with enhanced thermal<br />
properties
15:30-16:00 IL-08 M. Nowakowska<br />
Nano(micro)structural<br />
polymeric systems <strong>for</strong> heparin<br />
management<br />
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 04, <strong>2011</strong>, AFTERNOON SESSIONS<br />
L-17 A. Lendlein<br />
Multifunctional shape-memory<br />
polymers<br />
14<br />
IL-23 M. Antonietti<br />
C/N-<strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> artificial<br />
photosynthesis, heterogeneous<br />
organocatalysis and green<br />
electronics<br />
IL-31 Y. Yagci<br />
Macromolecular design <strong>for</strong> the<br />
preparation of polybenzoxazine<br />
based high per<strong>for</strong>mance<br />
thermosets<br />
16:00-16:30 Coffee break<br />
16:30-18:30 Chairman: F. Rypáček Chairman: M. Pracella Chairman: P. Ulański Chairman: A. Fradet<br />
S1(BIOPOL) S2(POLYMERS FOR S3(NANO- MICRO- AND S4(PROGRESS IN BASIC<br />
TEXTILES AND<br />
RELATED COLLOIDAL POLYMER SCIENCE)<br />
PACKAGING)<br />
SYSTEMS)<br />
16:30-16:50 L-04 B. Gupta<br />
L-18 I. Krucińska<br />
L-34 G. Mechrez<br />
L-49 S. Kawahara<br />
Chitosan immobilised Application of dibutyrylchitin Acrylic latex-modified MWNT Mechanical properties of<br />
biocompatible polypropylene as a raw material <strong>for</strong> a scaffold networks and nanocomposites polymer with nanomatrix<br />
sutures<br />
production<br />
structure<br />
16:50-17:10 L-05 M. Brzezinski<br />
L-19 M. Ramos<br />
L-35 C. Laslau<br />
L-50 A. Pawlak<br />
Synthesis and self-assembly of Novel nano-biocomposites with The scanned pipette <strong>for</strong> the Cavitation during plastic<br />
2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone- antioxidant activity based on microfabrication of conducting de<strong>for</strong>mation of semicrystalline<br />
functionalized poly(lactide) poly(lactic acid) and thymol as polymers and electrochemical<br />
polymers<br />
active additive<br />
characterization of films,<br />
microspots and nanowires<br />
17:10-17:30 L-06 M. Davidovich-Pinhas L-20 A. Beltrán L-36 R.Y. Suckeveriene L-51 G. Łapienis<br />
Acrylated polymers: a new Novel polycaprolactone-based Hybrid PANI/CNT nano- Synthesis and characterization<br />
concept in the design of nanocomposites cointaining composites prepared by an of star-shaped polymers<br />
mucoadhesive drug delivery hydroxytyrosol <strong>for</strong> antioxidant inverse emulsion containing hyperbranched core<br />
systems<br />
films in food packaging<br />
applications<br />
polymerization technique built from diepoxides<br />
17:30-17:50 L-07 K. I. Jaskiewicz<br />
L-21 J. Arkusz<br />
L-37 M. Ratanajanchai<br />
L-52 R. Pyrz<br />
Endocytosis-like transport of Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and Preparation of trimethylated Molecular models of clay<br />
nanoparticles into polymeric mutagenicity testing of titania chitosan core-shell particles via nanocomposites<br />
vesicles<br />
materials used in manufact. of photo-induced emulsion<br />
textiles with photocatalytic<br />
activity on human lymphocytes,<br />
BALB/3T3 and V79 fibroblasts<br />
polymerization
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 04, <strong>2011</strong>, AFTERNOON SESSIONS<br />
SATIN 2 DAMASK SATIN 1 BALLROOM 1<br />
17:50-18:10 L-08 J. Kozakiewicz L-22 M. Gadzinowski<br />
L-38 S. Jenjob<br />
L-53 A. Kowalewska<br />
Investigations of silicone- Modern antibacterial textiles Synthesis of biocompatible Porous silica materials<br />
urethanes as potential new with triclosan encapsulated in core-shell nanoparticles based prepared from macromeric<br />
polymers <strong>for</strong> scaffolds used in polylactide microspheres on chitosan and poly(2-<br />
siloxane precursors<br />
tissue engineering<br />
hydroxyethyl methacrylate)<br />
18:10-18:30 L-09 K.K. Gupta<br />
L-23 H. Mirbaha L-39 T. Pattanatornchai L-54 A. Voelkel<br />
TiO2/PCL Nanofibre-composite Structure-property relationship Effects of structural mismatch Inverse gas chromatography in<br />
<strong>for</strong> bone tissue engineering of oxidized polyacrylonitrile on colorimetric response of the examination of bulk<br />
gel-fibers as potential artificial polydiacetylene vesicles in properties of polymers<br />
muscles<br />
BALLROOM<br />
solution<br />
20:30-22:30 CONFERENCE DINNER<br />
15
09:00-10:30<br />
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 05, <strong>2011</strong>, MORNING SESSIONS<br />
BALLROOM 1<br />
Chairman: S. Slomkowski<br />
09:00-09:45 PL-09 N. Tarasova: Radiation chemical synthesis of modified phosphorus-containing polymers<br />
09:45-10:30 PL-10 Y. Gnanou : Dendrimers of poly(ethylene oxide): synthesis and applications <strong>for</strong> chemotherapy<br />
10:30-10:35 Technical break<br />
ROOM<br />
SATIN 2<br />
DAMASK<br />
SATIN 1<br />
BALLROOM 1<br />
10:35-11:35<br />
Chairman: A. Galeski Chairman: H. Ritter Chairman: A. Tracz Chairman: P. Kubisa<br />
BIOPOL POLYMERS FOR NANO- MICRO- AND PROGRESS IN BASIC<br />
TEXTILES AND RELATED COLLOIDAL POLYMER SCIENCE<br />
PACKAGING SYSTEMS) /(POLYMERS<br />
FOR DEVELOPMENT OF<br />
INFRASTRUCTURE<br />
10:35-11:05 IL-08 U. Edlund<br />
L-24 I. Krucińska L-40 J. Chojnowski IL-30 J. Ulanski<br />
Routes to biomedical surface Study on sensing Synthesis of phase change Raman spectroscopy - a<br />
functionalization properties of melt-blown materials (PCM) powerful tool <strong>for</strong> analysis<br />
PLA/MWNT non-woven microencapsulated in of phase transitions in<br />
fabric<br />
polysiloxane<br />
polymer hydrogels<br />
11:05-11:35 IL-09 T. Biela<br />
L-25 Ł. Figiel<br />
L-41 Y. Tajitsu<br />
L-55 G. Régnier<br />
Unusual thermal properties of Computational modelling Application of piezoelectric Crystalline orientation<br />
polylactide and polylactide of quasi-solid state polymer to realize new soft and morphology of<br />
stereocomplexes based on processing of PET-clay<br />
actuator<br />
microinjection molded<br />
modified multi-walled carbon<br />
nanotube initiators<br />
nanocomposites<br />
semicrystalline polymers<br />
11:35-12:00 Coffee break<br />
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 05, <strong>2011</strong>, AFTERNOON SESSIONS<br />
12:00-13:20 Chair: T. Biela Chair: I. Krucińska Chair: J. Chojnowski Chair: M. Bednarek<br />
12:00-12:20 L-10 R. Kisiel<br />
L-26 A. Moazzen L-42 A. Kościuszko L-56 B. Strzemiecka<br />
Influence of network structure Effect of plasma treatment Mechanical properties and Durable fragrant<br />
on molecular dynamics of with ozone(corona) on melting behavior of single composition based on<br />
hydrogels based on MEO2MA kinetics and chemistry polypropylene composites as a phenolic resin<br />
physical behavior of function of the processing<br />
absorption of acid dye on<br />
P.A.<br />
temperature<br />
16
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 05, <strong>2011</strong>, AFTERNOON SESSIONS<br />
ROOM SATIN 2 DAMASK SATIN 1 BALLROOM 1<br />
BIOPOL POLYMERS FOR NANO- MICRO- AND PROGRESS IN BASIC<br />
TEXTILES AND RELATED COLLOIDAL POLYMER SCIENCE<br />
PACKAGING SYSTEMS) /(POLYMERS<br />
FOR DEVELOPMENT OF<br />
INFRASTRUCTURE<br />
12:20-12:40 L-11 U. Arnold<br />
L-27 M.G. Gatabi<br />
L-43 K. Imoto L-57 M.-D. Damaceanu<br />
Composites based on epoxy Surface modification of Development of polyurethane Photo-optical and<br />
resins and renewables polyester by corona of with high photoelasticity and electrochemical behavior<br />
Disperse Blue56 its application to touch panels of polyimides containing<br />
perylene and oxadiazole<br />
chromophores<br />
12:40-13:00 L-12 K. Farbod<br />
L-28 R. Potai<br />
L-44 J. Rysz<br />
L-58 P. Gilormini<br />
UV and spontaneously cured Effect of solvents on Self-assembly in multi- Testing and simulating the<br />
polyethylene glycol-based photophysical properties of component polymer films <strong>for</strong> shape memory effect of an<br />
hydrogels <strong>for</strong> soft and hard conjugated polymer electronic applications epoxy resin in torsion<br />
tissue scaffolds<br />
nanoparticles in aqueous<br />
dispersion<br />
13:00-13:20 L-13 M. Jaffe<br />
L-29 N. Charoenthai<br />
L-45 J. Zemla<br />
L-59 K. Jurczuk<br />
Glucose/isosorbide based Relationship between Micrometer patterns and Polymer nanocomposites<br />
chemistries: novel stimuli structure and color arrays of single and multiple with fibrillar<br />
thermoplastics and thermosets switching behavior of proteins adsorbed on spin-cast nanoinclusions generated<br />
and additives<br />
polydiacetylene vesicles film blends of hydrophilic or<br />
thermo-responsive polymers<br />
during compounding<br />
13:20-13:30 Technical break<br />
BALLROOM 1<br />
13:30-13:50 Closing remarks<br />
13:50-15:00 Lunch<br />
Legend: PL- plenary lecture; IL-invited lecture; L- lecture<br />
17
SHORT ABSTRACTS<br />
Plenary lectures<br />
19
Monday, October 03, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Room: BALLROOM 1<br />
PL-01 Ch. K.Ober, M. E. Welch, Y. Xu, R. Dong<br />
Cornell University, Materials Science & Engineering, Ithaca, NY,USA<br />
Polymer brushes: valuable tools <strong>for</strong> the biology-materials interface<br />
<strong>Polymers</strong> brushes are ideal materials <strong>for</strong> interfacing with biological systems as they share many of the same<br />
molecular components and properties. Polymer brushes provide remarkable screening power in shielding a substrate<br />
from the environment through both steric and charge interactions. However, the majority of biomolecular species<br />
will still non-specifically bind to polymer brush surfaces unless some care is given to molecular design. We have<br />
recently explored the effect of brush thickness on non-specific binding and cellular attachment. Several polymer<br />
brush systems are described to control interaction of biomacromolecules and cells by design of specific and nonspecific<br />
interactions in polymer brush architectures. “Grown from” and block copolymer brushes are described, both<br />
of which provide excellent substrates <strong>for</strong> study of brush surfaces. Examples of polymer brushes used <strong>for</strong> sensor<br />
creation and <strong>for</strong> investigation of cellular interaction are provided. Brushes used in non-fouling coatings tailored <strong>for</strong><br />
marine applications and in which amphiphilic structures play an important role are also described.<br />
PL-02 A. Khokhlov, V. Molchanov, O. Philippova<br />
Physics Department, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory d.1, str.2, 119991 Moscow, Russian<br />
Federation<br />
Smart polymers <strong>for</strong> oil industry<br />
Plenary lectures/BALLROOM 1<br />
«Smart» polymer systems were specially designed <strong>for</strong> two different applications in oil industry: blocking of water<br />
flow in the well and fracturing. Blocking water flow in the well is quite important, because water, the most<br />
widespread liquid in the earth, is present in all oil fields, and in average with every tonn of oil three tonns of water<br />
are extracted. In this study, we elaborated a selective polymeric system, which finds itself the place of water inflow<br />
inside a well and blocks it without hindering the flow of oil. It is based on hydrophobically associating<br />
polyelectrolyte, which <strong>for</strong>ms spontaneously a gel plug in contact with water as a result of association of hydrophobic<br />
groups. To prevent the <strong>for</strong>mation of gel in the initial polymer solution and to provide its low viscosity we added an<br />
inhibitor of gelation, which is soluble in water, but insoluble in oil. In contact with water the inhibitor diffuses<br />
quickly in water medium, and the gel plug is <strong>for</strong>med. In contact with oil the inhibitor being insoluble in oil, remains<br />
in polymer solution preventing its gelation. Another direction of research was devoted to the improvement of the<br />
fracturing fluids.<br />
PL-03 Y. Doi<br />
Director of RIKEN Resarch Cluster <strong>for</strong> Innovation, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan<br />
Biosynthesis and properties of polyhydroxyalkanoates as a biodegradable plastic<br />
Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) are intracellularly accumulated by a wide variety of bacteria as a sink <strong>for</strong> carbon<br />
and reducing equivalents. Once PHAs are extracted from bacteria cells, these macromolecules display material<br />
properties that are similar to some well-known plastics such as polypropylene. An important characteristic of PHAs<br />
is their inherent biodegradability in various environments or biosystems. Thus, biodegradable thermoplastic PHAs<br />
have received much attention as new environmentally compatible materials. Biotechnological studies towards the<br />
biosynthesis of PHA biopolyesters have extensively progressed through the development of various metabolic<br />
engineering strategies. First, efficient PHA production has been achieved using of fermentation technology of<br />
naturally occurring PHA-producing bacteria based on external substrate manipulation (1st generation), and<br />
subsequent rein<strong>for</strong>cement with recombinant gene technology (2nd generation). More recently, enzyme evolution is<br />
becoming 3rd generation approach <strong>for</strong> PHA production. The molecular evolution of the enzymes relevant to PHA<br />
synthesis has prodivided us with a chance to create novel PHA materials with high per<strong>for</strong>mance. This presentation<br />
will give you a recent progress in our studies on biosynthesis and properties of PHAs as a biodegradable plastic.<br />
20
PL-04 A.-Ch. Albertsson<br />
Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden<br />
Macromolecular design <strong>for</strong> controlled degradation<br />
In this talk, our research approaches to control degradation from a macromolecular design perspective will be<br />
presented, including new monomers, better initiator systems, copolymerization strategies, advanced architectures,<br />
surface modification, processing, device <strong>for</strong>mulation, as well as assessments of degradation pattern, rates, and<br />
products under various conditions.<br />
Tuesday, October 04, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Room: BALLROOM 1<br />
Plenary lectures/BALLROOM 1<br />
PL-05 K. Matyjaszewski<br />
Carnegie Mellon University, Center <strong>for</strong> Macromolecular Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA<br />
ATRP as a route <strong>for</strong> materials <strong>for</strong> advanced technologies<br />
ATRP (atom transfer radical polymerization) catalyzed by copper complexes with polydentate nitrogen ligands such<br />
as linear, cyclic and branched aliphatic amines or pyridines is among the most efficient controlled/living radical<br />
polymerization systems. Recently, by applying new initiating/catalytic systems, Cu level in ATRP was reduced to a<br />
few ppm in the presence of various organic and inorganic reducing agents, even electrical current. ATRP of<br />
acrylates, methacrylates, styrenes, acrylamides, acrylonitrile and many other vinyl monomers provides polymers<br />
with molecular weights in a large range 200 < Mn < 20,000,000 and with low dispersities. <strong>Polymers</strong> can be <strong>for</strong>med<br />
quantitatively in bulk, in solution and in dispersed media. Block, graft, star, hyperbranched, gradient and periodic<br />
copolymers as well as molecular brushes have been prepared. The (co)polymers made by CRP have many potential<br />
applications as components of advanced materials such as coatings, elastomers, adhesives, surfactants, dispersants,<br />
lubricants, additives, but also as specialty materials in biomedical and electronic areas and will affect the market of<br />
~$20 billion/year. Examples of design, synthesis, characterization and applications of nanostructured<br />
multicomponent advanced polymeric materials prepared via ATRP will be presented.<br />
PL-06 J. Economy, Z. Parkar, J. L. Meyer<br />
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Materials Science and Engineering Department 1304 W Green<br />
St, Champaign, IL 61801, USA<br />
Novel features of the aromatic thermosetting copolyesters<br />
Since the late 1950's considerable ef<strong>for</strong>t has been expended on the design of new processible polymers that retain<br />
their properties <strong>for</strong> extended time at 350°C. Considering the amount of work to date, progress has been modest at<br />
best. Recently we have reported on a new family of aromatic thermosetting copolyesters (ATSP) which not only<br />
appear to satisfy the early goals, but display advantages <strong>for</strong> other areas of opportunity. The key ingredients in ATSP<br />
are p-hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroquinone, isophthalic acid, and trimesic acid Thus <strong>for</strong> epoxy/carbon fiber rein<strong>for</strong>ced<br />
composites, ATSP as matrix af<strong>for</strong>ds several key advantages such as matching of the fiber/matrix CTE, high<br />
temperature stability in air at 350°C, and an ability to reduce void content. For carbon fiber rein<strong>for</strong>ced ablative<br />
shields the ATSP provides a much lower recession rate and backface temperature compared to currently used or<br />
proposed matrices. In blends with Teflon ATSP provides a much wider composition range of wear surfaces. In<br />
several cases, a zero wear rate is observed due to the ease with which debris is reincorporated into the surface.<br />
Unexpectedly, ATSP displays outstanding flame resistance as a coating with an LOI of 0.40. Composites of ATSP<br />
with carbon fibers can display LOI values of over 0.8.<br />
PL-07 B. Voit, D. Appelhans<br />
Leibniz Institute of Polymer research Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany<br />
Dendritic glycopolymers – synthesis, characterization and application in biomedicine and bionanotechnology<br />
Dendritic polymers – both, perfectly branched dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers - can be prepared in a broad<br />
variety of structures and exhibit interesting properties like high solubility and functionality, dense globular structure<br />
and low solution viscosity. The high control over structure, molar mass and size in dendrimers renders them<br />
specifically interesting as functional nanomaterials in biomedical applications. Here, very high biocompatibility as<br />
21
well as specific interactions can be achieved by modifying e.g. poly(propylene imine) dendrimers with dense sugar<br />
shells through reductive amination. These globular molecules can be used successfully as carriers <strong>for</strong> bioactive<br />
molecules, nanoobjects, metals salts as well as RNA and DNA into cells. Also, the defined encapsulation and<br />
release of the rhenium cluster complexes in sugar-decorated dendritic nanoclusters, important <strong>for</strong> cancer diagnostics<br />
and treatment, could be proven.3 In addition, densely maltose shelled glycodendrimers showed very promising<br />
effects to prevent prion aggregation, a first step in the potential treatment of prion and Alzheimer diseases.<br />
PL-08 J. Klein<br />
Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel<br />
<strong>Polymers</strong> in living systems: from biolubrication to tissue engineering<br />
The roles of macromolecules in living systems as in<strong>for</strong>mation storage systems (as DNA) and in biochemical<br />
synthesis have been much studied and are relatively well understood. Far less is known about their physical<br />
behaviour at biological surfaces and interfaces. In this talk I consider in particular the roles of polymers in biological<br />
lubrication, and the relation of this both to diseases such as osteoarthritis and to remedies such as tissue engineering.<br />
The lubricating behaviour of common bio-interfacial macromolecules including mucins, hyaluronan, lubricin and<br />
aggrecan are described, and insights into the mechanism of biolubrication are examined in the light of the recentlyrevealed<br />
role of hydration lubrication in water-based (including living) systems.<br />
Wednesday, October 05, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Room: BALLROOM 1<br />
Plenary lectures/BALLROOM 1<br />
PL-09 N. Tarasova, Y. Smetannikov, A. Zanin<br />
D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya pl. 9, Moscow, 125047 Russia<br />
Radiation chemical synthesis of modified phosphorus-containing polymers<br />
This work generalizes the studies of radiation chemical synthesis of phosphorus-containing polymers (PCPs) in<br />
solutions. In particular, the processes in the presence of ionic liquids (ILs) will be discussed. In this study several<br />
ILs have been used:1-butyl-3-metylimidazolium tetrafluoroborat [BunMeIm]ВF4, tri-n-butyloctylphosphonium<br />
tetrafluoroborat [Bun3OcP]ВF4 and tri-n-butyloctylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide<br />
[Bun3OcP]N(SO2CF3)2.<br />
PL-10 Y. Gnanou<br />
Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques-Université Bordeaux-I-CNRS-ENSCPB 16, Avenue Pey-<br />
Berland, 33607 Pessac-Cedex-France<br />
Dendrimers of poly(ethylene oxide): synthesis and applications <strong>for</strong> chemotherapy<br />
In the recent years, we designed a variety of dendritic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with the aim of evaluating these<br />
dendrimer-like PEOs in the biomedical field as drug conjugates. Advantages provided by the multivalency (multiple<br />
reactive sites) of the dendritic structures could thus be combined with the unique properties of PEO (water<br />
solubility, non-toxicity, low immunogenicity, antigenicity). We first developed an original methodology of synthesis<br />
of high generation symmetrical dendrimer-like PEOs that involves the reiteration of i) living anionic polymerization<br />
of EO, ii) the derivatization/arborization of PEO chain ends. Upon modification of their outer hydroxyl functions<br />
with glycosidic units, dendrimer-like PEOs were shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. We then prepared<br />
dendrimer-like PEOs that can expand and shrink as a function of pH, or undergo degradation at low pH, and also<br />
bouquet-type dendritic PEOs that can accommodate proteins such as albumin at their core and therapeutic agents at<br />
their periphery. Janus-type assymetric dendrimer-like PEOs bearing orthogonal functions on their surface were also<br />
synthesized up to the 6th generation. The latter were then modified to attach an anti-cancerous and receptortargeting<br />
ligands through their orthogonal functions. Their biological activity –in vitro and in vivo- is currently<br />
evaluated in the group of Prof Chaikof at Harvard University.<br />
22
SHORT ABSTRACTS<br />
Lectures in sessions<br />
23
Monday, October 03, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: BIOPOL<br />
Room: SATIN 2<br />
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 2<br />
IL-01 A. Duda<br />
Department of Polymer Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of<br />
Sciences, ul. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Controlled synthesis of lactide/cyclic ester copolymers: from blocky to statistical structures<br />
Copolymerization of lactides (LL) with other cyclic esters such as ε-caprolactone (C) or trimethylene carbonate (T)<br />
is accompanied by some “puzzling” phenomena. When the C monomer was polymerized first, the living PC*<br />
macromolecules were then able to initiate the PLA chains growth, giving eventually the PC-block-PL copolymers.<br />
On the other hand, numerous attempts of initiating C polymerization with living PL* were unsuccessful. Similar<br />
phenomena have been also observed <strong>for</strong> the LL/dimethyltrimethylene carbonate comonomers pair. For a majority of<br />
the initiating/catalytic structures homopolymerization of C and T is considerably faster than that of LL under the<br />
otherwise identical conditions. However, in the C/LL copolymerization the LL comonomer with this initiating<br />
system is consumed first and, typically, PLL-block-PC or poly(LL-grad-C) copolymers are <strong>for</strong>med. Thus, the net<br />
reactivities of C and LL in copolymerization are reversed comparing to that in homopolymerization. The present<br />
paper will show that application of 2,2’-[1,1’-binaphtyl-2,2’-diylbis-(nitrylomethylidyno)]-diphenolate aluminum<br />
isopropoxide (SBO2Al-OiPr) as initiator that bears the bulky and chiral bidendate ligand allows initiating C or T<br />
polymerization with living PL*. Moreover, depending on the initiator configuration either gradient (with (S)-<br />
SBO2Al-OiPr) or statistical (with (R)-SBO2Al-OiPr) (S,S)-LL/C copolymers are <strong>for</strong>med. Plausible explanation of<br />
thus modified kinetic behavior will be given.<br />
IL-02 F. Rypáček, E. Chánová, V. Proks, Š. Popelka, O. P. Georgievski, J. Svobodová<br />
Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovského nám. 2,<br />
162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic<br />
Biomimetic surfaces of polymer biomaterials <strong>for</strong> tissue engineering<br />
The concept of tissue engineering is based on combining living cells with a supporting structure – a scaffold – to<br />
<strong>for</strong>m a new tissue or to guide tissue regeneration. The scaffold is usually a 3-D structure made from an organic<br />
polymer material, either of synthetic or natural origin. In addition to mechanical support and its shape-<strong>for</strong>ming<br />
function, the scaffold must also provide vital in<strong>for</strong>mation to the cells through specific interactions at cell-biomaterial<br />
interfaces. The cells in tissues receive solid-phase signals from extracellular matrix (ECM) through interactions of<br />
their trans-membrane recognition proteins with specific domains on ECM molecules. There<strong>for</strong>e, biomaterials to be<br />
used as scaffolds <strong>for</strong> guided tissue regeneration should exhibit corresponding recognizable structures on their<br />
surfaces, either as whole ecm molecules or their fragments, typically, peptide sequences derived from primary<br />
structure of ECM proteins. A number of evidence obtained on planar model substrates shows that not only the<br />
presence but also the molecular organization of the peptide ligands and their surface distribution are important to<br />
create functional biomimetic cell/biomaterial interfaces.<br />
IL-03 M. Wojtczak, A. Galeski, S. Dutkiewicz, E. Piorkowska<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Crystallization characteristics of random aromatic-aliphatic copolyesters<br />
With the growing awareness of environmental problems induced by plastics waste, great interest has been given to<br />
aliphatic/aromatic copolymers. Butylene terephtalate/aliphatic copolyesters (CBTA) are biodegradable under certain<br />
conditions of sufficiently short sequences of butylene terephtalate. The distribution of butylene terephtalate (BT)<br />
plays a crucial role in crystallization: too short sequences are decreasing the ability of CBTA to crystallize. With<br />
glass transition much below room temperature amorphous CBTAs become useless <strong>for</strong> many applications. From the<br />
other hand too long BT sequences create problems with CBTA biodegradability.<br />
The aims of this contribution are: (i) to correlate distribution of BT unit along macromolecular chains of CBTA with<br />
its crystallization affinity, (ii) to characterize habits of CBTA to <strong>for</strong>m crystals and supermolecular structures. In<br />
particular, nucleation phenomena and crystal growth were considered and primary nucleation modified. New<br />
copolyesters of poly(butylene terephtalate/succinate/adipate/glutarate) differing in composition have been<br />
synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide- and smallangle<br />
X-ray diffraction (WAXS, SAXS), polarizing light microscopy (PLM) and atomic <strong>for</strong>ce microscopy (AFM).<br />
24
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 2<br />
Using the assignment of proton resonance due to homogeneous and heterogeneous dyads the average block length<br />
and the degree of randomness were investigated over the range of copolymer composition.<br />
IL-04 H.-A. Klok<br />
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et<br />
Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland<br />
Precision synthesis of diagnostic and sensory polymer brushes<br />
Polymer brushes prepared via surface-initiated polymerization are unique plat<strong>for</strong>ms to fabricate sensory layers <strong>for</strong> a<br />
variety of applications. Polymer brushes can be regarded as three-dimensional analogues of two-dimensional selfassembled<br />
monolayers; due to their larger film thickness, polymer brushes potentially can present very high surface<br />
concentration of reactive or binding groups, which is advantageous <strong>for</strong> sensory and microarray applications. This<br />
presentation will discuss two examples. The first example will describe the use of side chain reactive poly(glycidyl<br />
methacrylate) brushes <strong>for</strong> protein microarray applications. The polymer brush based microarrays combined higher<br />
signal readouts with improved signal-to-noise ratios. The second example will describe ionophore-functionalized<br />
polymethacrylate brushes that can selectively bind potassium ions. It will be demonstrated that immobilization of<br />
these brushes on a quartz crystal microbalance chip results in ion sensors that very selectively detect potassium with<br />
sensitivities that can be tuned by varying the thickness of the ion-selective polymer coating.<br />
L-01 M. Pracella, M.U. Haque Md.<br />
Institute <strong>for</strong> Composite and Biomedical Materials, IMCB-CNR, Via Diotisalvi 2, Pisa 56122, Italy<br />
Functionalization, compatibilization and properties of biodegradable polymer composites with cellulosic fibres<br />
Incorporation of cellulosic fibers into polymers matrices offers the possibility to design new composite materials<br />
with reduced environmental impact, due to the biodegradability, renewability and low cost of natural fillers. The<br />
properties of these composites are strictly depending on the interactions at the interface between the components. To<br />
improve the interfacial adhesion and fiber dispersion into the polymer matrix, either addition of modified<br />
components or introduction of reactive groups can be advantageously employed. We focused our attention on the<br />
preparation and characterization of novel binary and ternary composites based on polyester or polyester/polyolefin<br />
blends as matrix and cellulosic fibers as filler. The present lecture is aimed at analysing the effect of<br />
functionalization and reactive mixing processes in the melt of composites of polylactide (PLA), polycaprolactone<br />
(PCL), Mater-Bi (MB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers - and their blends - with natural fibres (cellulose,<br />
hemp, etc.) on the morphological, thermal and mechanical properties. Polymer matrices and fibres were modified by<br />
means of grafting with bi-functional reactive monomers, such as glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), maleic anhydride<br />
(MA) and acetic anhydride. Both binary and ternary composite systems, containing modified components or<br />
compatibilized with functionalized copolymers, were obtained by using different mixing procedures. The effect of<br />
polymer and/or fiber functionalization, compatibilizer addition and composition on the composite properties was<br />
analysed by SEM, OM, RX, FT-IR, DMTA, DSC, TGA, rheological and tensile mechanical tests.<br />
L-02 G. Fontaine, A. Gallos, S. Bourbigot<br />
ISP/UMET – UMR/CNRS 8207, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL), Avenue Dimitri<br />
Mendeleïev – Bât. C7a, BP 90108, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France<br />
PDLA/PLLA stereocomplexes and PDLA/PLLA/carbon nanotubes stereocomplexes nanocomposites: processing,<br />
characterization and properties<br />
Polylactide (PLA) is well-known biodegradable thermoplastic aliphatic polyester derived from renewable resources,<br />
such as corn starch, tapioca products or sugarcanes. Its synthesis can be realised by two main routes: direct<br />
condensation polymerization of lactic acid monomer or by ring-opening polymerization of lactide. The latter way<br />
proceeds by reactive extrusion which is solvent free polymerization process and is eco-friendly. The reactive<br />
extrusion of the lactide is promoted by triphenylphosphine and 2-ethylhexanoic acid tin(II) salt[1], enhancing the<br />
polymerization rate and delaying the occurrence of undesirable back-biting reactions. Due to the chiral nature of<br />
lactic acid, lactide presents two stereoisomers namely L-Lactide and D-lactide (figure 1). PDLA/PLLA<br />
stereocomplexes can be obtained by polymerization of a mixture of L-Lactide and D-lactide. Using the same<br />
reactive extrusion approach as <strong>for</strong> PLA, we have developed a novel protocol to obtain PDLA/PLLA<br />
stereocomplexes exhibiting high crystallinity rate. The ratio between L and D units has a very significant impact on<br />
the properties of the material, the temperature stability is maximised when a 50:50 blend is used.<br />
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L-03 K. Numata<br />
Enzyme Research Team, Biomass Engineering Program, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi Saitama 351-<br />
0198, Japan<br />
Silk hydrogel and nanoparticle as biomaterials<br />
Silk fibroins have been successfully used in the biomedical field as sutures <strong>for</strong> several decades, and have also been<br />
explored as biomaterials <strong>for</strong> cell culture, tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems, earning Food and Drug<br />
Administration approval <strong>for</strong> such expanded utility because of their excellent mechanical properties, versatility in<br />
processing and low cytotoxicity. In the present study, silk hydrogel and nanoparticles were developed as new types<br />
of protein-based biomaterials. Hydrogel is an attractive biomaterial <strong>for</strong> regenerative medicine and tissue engineering<br />
because of its excellent biocompatibility, which is attributed to high water content of over 90%. The role of water<br />
molecules in hydrogels has been investigated by many researchers, with the result that bound (non-freezing), bulk<br />
(freezing), and intermediate (freezing bound) water have been shown to exist in hydrogels. Although these previous<br />
literatures indicate that the state of water in hydrogels used as biomaterials there<strong>for</strong>e must influence on their<br />
biocompatibility and biological response, relationship between the state of water and the cytotoxicity of hydrogel<br />
has not been completely clarified until now. In the present study, we developed a facile and quick method to prepare<br />
silk hydrogel with ethanol, and also analyzed the gelation behavior, state of water, secondary structure and<br />
mechanical properties of the resulting hydrogel.<br />
Tuesday, October 04, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: BIOPOL<br />
Room: SATIN 2<br />
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 2<br />
IL-05 G. Rokicki<br />
Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland<br />
Carbonate monomers as starting materials <strong>for</strong> obtaining new polymeric materials<br />
Carbon dioxide is a basic raw material taking part in the photosynthesis of natural polymers such as cellulose and<br />
starch. However, the application of this renewable and cheap chemical compound in synthetic polymers production<br />
is rather scarce. Till 70s of the last century it was believed that CO2 is inactive in polymerization processes. The<br />
investigations carried out by S. Inoue in Japan and W. Kuran in Poland concerning alternative copolymerization of<br />
carbon dioxide with oxiranes in the presence of organometallic catalysts intensified attempts <strong>for</strong> CO2 applications in<br />
polymer chemistry. In this lecture the application of CO2 directly or indirectly in the <strong>for</strong>m of low molecular carbonic<br />
acid esters (dimethyl carbonate, ethylene and propylene carbonates) in the synthesis of polymers will be presented<br />
and discussed.<br />
IL-06 S. Lecommandoux, O. Sandre, J. Thévenot, H. De Oliveira<br />
Université de Bordeaux, ENSCPB, 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France, CNRS,<br />
Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, UMR5629, Pessac, France<br />
Biomimetic self-assembled block copolymer vesicles <strong>for</strong> combined cancer therapy and diagnosis<br />
An overview on our contribution about the self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers into polymersomes will<br />
be reviewed, and their applications in loading and controlled release of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules<br />
and biomolecules. Special attention will be paid to polysaccharide and polypeptide-based block copolymer vesicles<br />
that we have studied these recent years in our group, combining a large range of experimental analysis. These newly<br />
developed copolymers that mimic the structure and function of glycoproteins represent an example of the<br />
effectiveness of a biomimetic strategy in implementing materials design. Finally, magnetic polymersomes, including<br />
iron oxide nanoparticles are presented, together with their potential applications as contrast agent <strong>for</strong> diagnosis and<br />
as therapeutic nanoparticles using hyperthermia. Exciting and very promising results about their therapeutic<br />
evaluation <strong>for</strong> tumor targeting and in vivo tumor regression studies will be presented.<br />
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Lectures in sessions/SATIN 2<br />
IL-07 A. Dworak<br />
Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-800<br />
Zabrze,Poland<br />
Thermosensitive polymers <strong>for</strong> growth of skin cell sheets<br />
Treatment of wounds difficult to heal frequently requires culturing of skin cells. This problem becomes especially<br />
acute in the treatment of severely burnt patients. The skin cells have to be grown at a rate sufficient <strong>for</strong> the healing<br />
procedure to be efficient. Commonly used procedure involves the culture of the skin cell on the substrate followed<br />
by their detachment as a suspension using enzymatic methods of the separation. This decreases the amount of the<br />
living cells and lead to the loss of their valuable properties. An innovative approach of skin tissue engineering is<br />
based on “cell sheet technology” where <strong>for</strong> cell substrate the temperature responsive polymers are used. The growth<br />
of the skin cells, their adhesion and spreading needs the surface to be hydrophobic. This is not possible when the<br />
surface is hydrophilic. This phenomenon may be used <strong>for</strong> designing polymer covered surfaces of controllable<br />
philicity and their use <strong>for</strong> the growth and detachment of cell sheets.<br />
IL-08 M. Nowakowska, K. Szczubiałka, A. Karewicz, K. Kamiński, Sz. Zapotoczny, K. Zasada<br />
Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-060 Kraków, Ingardena 3, Poland<br />
Nano(micro)structural polymeric systems <strong>for</strong> heparin management<br />
Heparin has been widely used in medicine on account of its anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities. The analysis<br />
of the procedures currently used <strong>for</strong> its administration and the methods developed <strong>for</strong> reversal of its activity<br />
indicated that there is a need <strong>for</strong> improvement of both of them. “Smart” alginate-hydroxypropylcellulose (Alg/HPC)<br />
nano(micro)beads of various compositions with encapsulated heparin were obtained. Three-stage sustained release<br />
of heparin <strong>for</strong> at least 16 days was observed at 37 °C and explained considering the size of the heparin<br />
macromolecules released and the size of the pores (30–60 nm) at the microbead surface. On the other hand, heparin<br />
administration may result in dangerous side effects. Thus, it is often required to remove heparin from blood after it<br />
has exerted its anticoagulant effect. We have recently developed a series of cationically-modified polysaccharides<br />
(MPS) and demonstrated their ability to act as the heparin antagonists. The in vitro tests have shown that MPS <strong>for</strong>m<br />
complexes with heparin in solution while not inducing hemolysis nor erythrocyte aggregation. The in vivo tests are<br />
encouraging.<br />
L-04 B. Gupta, S. Saxena, A. Ray<br />
Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology,New Delhi<br />
110016, India<br />
Chitosan immobilised biocompatible polypropylene sutures<br />
Wound care is the essential aspect of the human health. The important requirements are the faster would healing,<br />
control of infection and scar prevention. The problem of infection is very severe in third world countries and needs<br />
to be looked at with precision. The sutures are monofilaments, multifilaments or braided structures used to tie<br />
tissues together. The sutures need to be developed in such a way that they are able to control the bacterial invasion<br />
and growth at the wound site. This is where we have attempted to develop sutures by grafting process and<br />
subsequent immobilization. The polypropylene (PP) monofilament has been developed as the antimicrobial suture<br />
by plasma processing and immobilization of the bioactive molecules such as chitosan and nanosilver on the surface.<br />
The plasma grafting of acrylic acid on PP filament leads to the <strong>for</strong>mation of the carboxyl groups. It has been<br />
observed that the degree of grafting is significantly influenced by the plasma exposure conditions and the reaction<br />
parameters. The carboxyl density up to 590 µg/cm 2 was achieved under specific conditions. The carboxyl groups<br />
offer excellent sites <strong>for</strong> the immobilization of the biomolecules. Chitosan was covalently immobilised on this<br />
surface by EDC method. The morphological studies using AFM and SEM suggest that the surface of the sutures is<br />
significantly altered during plasma exposure, grafting process and immobilisation. The grafting process and the<br />
chitosan immobilization led to the <strong>for</strong>mation of large domains on the surface.<br />
27
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 2<br />
L-05 M. Brzeziński, T. Biela<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Synthesis and self-assembly of 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone-functionalized poly(lactide)<br />
One of the method improving physicochemical properties of polylactide (PLA) is modification of PLA chains by<br />
introducing the end groups able to self–assembling. Long et al. have demonstrated it <strong>for</strong> the first time <strong>for</strong> PLA with<br />
complementary multiple hydrogen-bonding nucleic base pair units. PLA decorated with adenine and thymine end<br />
groups exhibited higher solution viscosities than PLAs with –OH end groups but the association constant<br />
determined by Benesi-Hildebrand treatment (Kass = 84 M -1 ) is not strong enough to construct supramolecular<br />
materials possessing acceptable mechanical properties. The quadruple hydrogen bonding unit 2-ureido-4-[1H]pyrimidinone<br />
(UPy) has been known as a pendant unit of a polymer backbone able to improve the material<br />
properties of polymers. These materials have a good physicochemical properties similar to high molar mass<br />
polymers at room temperature but lower-melt viscosity in elevated temperature what is important from processing<br />
point of view. Recently, modified UPy with –OH end group was used as an initiator in ring-opening polymerization<br />
(ROP) of ε-caprolactone. This method allowed to attach the UPy group to every polymer chain end. This is in<br />
contrast to a post-polymerization route, employing by several research groups, where the complete substitution of<br />
hydroxy- or amine- end groups of the original polymer chains cannot be guaranteed.<br />
L-06 M. Davidovich-Pinhas, H. Bianco-Peled<br />
Department of Chemical Engineering- Technion, Israel<br />
Acrylated polymers: a new concept in the design of mucoadhesive drug delivery systems<br />
Transmucosal delivery is a non-invasive approach that utilizes human entry paths having mucus covered surface.<br />
Mucoadhesive polymers have the ability to adhere to those surfaces and promote drug release, targeting and<br />
absorption. Combining mucoadhesion ability with other advantages of polymeric drug carriers allows design of<br />
powerful drug delivery systems. This study was motivated by the need to develop new covalently associate<br />
mucoadhesive polymers that can interact non-specifically with glycoproteins. We have developed a new<br />
mucoadhesive approach which utilizes a Michael type addition reaction where an acrylate end group on a polymer<br />
and the sulfide end group of the glycoproteins are associated. A proof of concept was provided using polyehtylene<br />
glycol di-acrylate (PEG-DA). This approach was further developed by synthesizing new polymer based on alginate<br />
backbone carrying acrylated polyethylenglycol, alginate-PEGAc. Alginate-PEGAc was synthesized, verified using<br />
NMR, and its non-toxicity was confirmed. Its ability to act as a sustained release mucoadhesive vehicle was<br />
demonstrated using tensile and in vitro release measurements. In depth characterization of the thermal, structural<br />
and mechanical properties of alginate-PEGAc was per<strong>for</strong>med. Based on our findings we believe that modifying<br />
other polymers with PEG-acrylate can open the way <strong>for</strong> the development of many other multifunctional<br />
biomaterials.<br />
L-07 K. I. Jaskiewicz, A. Larsen, G. Fytas, K. Landfester, A. Kroeger<br />
Max Planck Institute <strong>for</strong> Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany<br />
Endocytosis-like transport of nanoparticles into polymeric vesicles<br />
Here we present a complex study of endocytosis-like uptake of both organic and inorganic nanoparticles by<br />
polymeric vesicles in aqueous solutions. Specially tailored polymeric bilayer is able to mimic the cell membrane.<br />
Without presence of any supporting machinery the endocytic internalization of nanoparticles was achieved. Photon<br />
correlation spectroscopy (PCS) study of the uptake of nanoparticles by polymeric vesicles reveals the presence of<br />
free and bound particles. Both the experimental <strong>for</strong>m factor P(q) and the effective diffusion coefficient D(q) of the<br />
resulting structures are consistently described by modeling these q-patterns by filled vesicles. The number of<br />
particles incorporated depends on the particle type and number ratio between particles and vesicles. These results<br />
are supported by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) studies as well as by cryo-TEM imaging.<br />
L-08 J. Kozakiewicz, P. Mrówka, J. Przybylski, M. Lewandowska-Szumieł, K. Sylwestrzak<br />
Industrial Chemistry Research Institute, Rydygiera 8, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland<br />
Investigations of silicone-urethanes as potential new polymers <strong>for</strong> scaffolds used in tissue engineering<br />
In this paper the results of investigations carried out on synthesis and characterization of silicone-urethane<br />
elastomers of solid and porous structure obtained via moisture-curing of linear urethane prepolymers containing<br />
28
polysiloxane segments and terminated with NCO groups will be presented focusing on the results of studies on their<br />
potential ability to serve as scaffolds. In preliminary experiments the synthesized polymers of very good mechanical<br />
properties were obtained. They passed standard biocompatibility tests and were found to behave very well in contact<br />
with blood. After sterilization by irradiation the mechanical properties did not change and no structural changes and<br />
no stable free radicals were detected by FTIR and ESR, respectively, while slight decrease in SFE was observed<br />
what suggested that crosslinking could take place on the surface. However, it was found that selection of starting<br />
materials <strong>for</strong> urethane prepolymer synthesis (polysiloxane diol, diisocyanate, catalyst) had significant effect on the<br />
process of growth of the bone derived human cells on the surface of moisture-cured polymer. The silicone-urethane<br />
polymer of selected composition was further obtained in a <strong>for</strong>m of a porous structure using salt - elution process and<br />
extended tests were made in order to assess the possibility of using those materials as substrates <strong>for</strong> human bone<br />
derived cells growth - cell number (quantitative Hoechst assay), viability (XTT) and differentiation (alkaline<br />
phosphatase activity and collagen production were tested “in vitro”.<br />
L-09 K.K. Gupta, P. K. Mishra, P. Srivastava, P. Maiti<br />
Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Institute of Technology, BHU, Varanasi-221005,<br />
India<br />
TiO2/PCL Nanofibre-composite <strong>for</strong> bone tissue engineering<br />
Nano titania, (TiO2 average particle size ~10-25 nm) with high surface area (~168 m 2 /g) have been synthesized<br />
using sol-gel method. Synthesized powder is characterized by XRD, BET surface area, Raman Spectroscopy and<br />
TEM. TiO2/PCL (Polycaprolactone) Nanofibre composite membrane was fabricated using Electrospinning and<br />
characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), XRD, FTIR). The mechanical testing was per<strong>for</strong>med using<br />
Instron tester and found the change in the mechanical properties drastically. SBF study of the composite material<br />
shows, it will be good bone tissue engineering material.<br />
Wednesday, October 05, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: BIOPOL<br />
Room: SATIN 2<br />
IL-08 U. Edlund, A.-C. Albertsson<br />
Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden<br />
Routes to biomedical surface functionalization<br />
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 2<br />
We have developed a new method, vapor-phase grafting, <strong>for</strong> the benign covalent surface modification of polymers<br />
in a non-destructive fashion under absolutely solvent-free conditions with preserved efficiency even in confined<br />
surface areas or specimens with a complex shape.<br />
IL-09 T. Biela, M. Brzezinski, M. Boguslawska, M. Ilcikova, J. Mosnacek<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Unusual thermal properties of polylactide and polylactide stereocomplexes based on modified multi-walled carbon<br />
nanotube initiators. A novel method <strong>for</strong> preparation of linear high molecular weight and thermally stable polylactide<br />
stereocomplexes with multi-walled carbon nanotubes covalently attached to enantiomeric PLA chains will be<br />
shown.<br />
L-10 R. Kisiel, M. Pastorczak, L. Okrasa, S. Kadłubowski, A. Schönhals, M. Kozanecki, J. Ulański<br />
Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland<br />
Influence of network structure on molecular dynamics of hydrogels based on MEO2MA<br />
Recently the most promising group of hydrogels are thermo-responsive materials mostly synthesized from polymers<br />
exhibiting lower critical solution temperature (LCST). In a case of crosslinked macromolecules LCST is manifested<br />
by a volume phase transition (VPT). For potential applications, too slow response to stimuli is important problem to<br />
be solved. The idea proposed to solve this problem is grafting additional, short dangling polymer chains exhibiting<br />
LCST on the polymer network. The response of such modified polymer network should be faster on local level,<br />
what can cause faster VPT of whole hydrogel. The object of this work was an influence of chemical structure of the<br />
polymer network, temperature, crosslinking and swelling degree on the dynamics of thermo-responsive hydrogels<br />
29
synthesized from 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate (MEO2MA). The molecular dynamics was investigated by<br />
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (0.01Hz÷3GHz) and Raman Spectroscopy. Comparison between hydrogels<br />
synthesized in two ways: by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and by Free Radical Polymerization was done.<br />
Differences between hydrogels with and without dangling chains were also discussed. Additionally dry<br />
poly(MEO2MA) as well as aqueous solutions of linear poly(MEO2MA) with various polymer concentration from<br />
50% wt to 10% wt, were investigated. It made possible identification of the relaxation processes visible in hydrogel<br />
samples.<br />
L-11 U. Arnold, M. Döring<br />
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Hermann-von-<br />
Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany<br />
Composites based on epoxy resins and renewables<br />
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 2<br />
Fabrication of materials from renewable resources, thus avoiding fossil resources, is attracting steadily growing<br />
interest. Major advantages are independence of exhaustible resources and environmental benefits, e.g. reduced<br />
climate impact and, in many cases, biodegradability. Regarding epoxy resins, several pathways were investigated to<br />
incorporate biomass-derived components. Prominent examples are the use of biopolymers, which are functionalized<br />
with epoxide groups and the use of biomass-derived curing agents. Another option is the use of conventional resin<br />
systems, which are modified with biomass-derived additives. Within our work, a systematic study on hybrid systems<br />
consisting of standard epoxy resins and biopolymers was carried out. Several curing agents were employed, e.g.<br />
imidazoles as well as amines and anhydrides. Concerning biopolymers, different types of lignin, cellulose and starch<br />
were investigated. The investigations exhibited that, with respect to potential applications, hygroscopicity of the<br />
biopolymers can be an obstacle. However, promising material properties and significant improvements compared to<br />
unmodified resin systems could be identified. For instance, in many cases glass transition temperatures were hardly<br />
affected even at high biopolymer loadings and fracture toughness could be remarkably enhanced. Further work is<br />
dedicated to chemically modified biopolymers and the development of materials, which can be produced exclusively<br />
from renewable resources.<br />
L-12 K. Farbod<br />
Royal Institute of Technology – KTH, Edinsvägen 22A-1012, Nacka, Sweden<br />
UV and spontaneously cured polyethylene glycol-based hydrogels <strong>for</strong> soft and hard tissue scaffolds<br />
UV-curing is one of the most commonly used methods <strong>for</strong> producing hydrogels <strong>for</strong> soft and hard tissue scaffolds.<br />
Spontaneous curing is an alternative method which possesses some advantages in comparison to the conventional<br />
UV-curing methods; <strong>for</strong> example, in situ crosslinking and excluding initiators. The main objective of this study was<br />
to investigate promising materials <strong>for</strong> producing UV and spontaneously cured hydrogels, and subsequently to<br />
per<strong>for</strong>m a comparison between the produced hydrogels with regard to their different mechanical and physical<br />
properties. Seventeen different hydrogels including five UV-cured and twelve spontaneously cured hydrogels were<br />
produced by applying thiol-ene chemistry and by varying precursor materials. Hydrogel systems including di- and<br />
tetra- functional PEGs of different lengths (2 kDa and 6 kDa) and two different thiol-crosslinkers (ETTMP 1300 Da<br />
and DTT) were subsequently characterized and evaluated. The evaluation tests applied in this study were Raman<br />
spectroscopy, weight and volumetric swelling test, leaching test, tensile test, and rheology test.<br />
L-13 M. Jaffe, A.J. East, W. Hammond, X. Feng, P. Saini, G. Busto<br />
Medical Device Concept Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of<br />
Technology, 111 Lock Street, Newark, NJ 07103 USA<br />
Glucose/isosorbide based chemistries: novel thermoplastics and thermosets and additives<br />
Glucose may be viewed as a chemical feedstock to produce new monomers, polymers and additives <strong>for</strong> a broad<br />
range of chemical intensive industries. Isosorbide and its isomers are attractive because they as generally regarded<br />
as safe (GRAS), are a renewable resource and can be made readily available at competitive pricing. These moieties<br />
offer molecular geometry and chemical functionality compatible with many existing commercial chemistries.<br />
Applications ranging from the replacement of Bis Phenol-A in thermosets, the creation of new, high per<strong>for</strong>mance<br />
polyesters to the identification of low molar mass compounds that effective plasticizers, surfactants or liquid crystals<br />
are under investigation.<br />
Support of the national Science Foundation, USDA and the Iowa Corn Promotion Board is gratefully acknowledged<br />
30
Monday, October 03, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: Fire Retardant <strong>Polymers</strong><br />
Room: DAMASK<br />
IL-10 Ch. A.Wilkie, T. Marippan<br />
Department of Chemistry and Fire Retardant Research Facility, Marquette University, PO Box 1881,<br />
Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA<br />
Fire retardancy of epoxy resins<br />
Lectures in sessions/DAMASK<br />
The fire retardancy of an epoxy resin, <strong>for</strong>med by the reaction of a diglycidal ether of bisphenol A (DEGBA) and an<br />
amine hardener, has been studied using the cone calorimeter as the principal tool. Additives that have been used<br />
include representatives of all of the major classes of conventional fire retardants, including halogens, phosphorus<br />
compounds, minerals and nano-dimensional materials. These additives were first of all studied as individual<br />
components and then as binary and ternary mixtures. In the talk, there will also be comparisons with polyureas <strong>for</strong><br />
the same additives and we will elucidate the differences between these resins.<br />
IL-11 G. Camino, A. Fina, A. Frache<br />
Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, Viale Teresa Michel 5 - 15121 Alessandria, Italy<br />
Surface and bulk contribution to polymer and nanocomposites ignition<br />
Fire risk in polymer combustion is evaluated by the time to flashover, that is the time interval separating the<br />
beginning of exposure of the polymer material to an heating source from flashover, when the fire cannot be<br />
extinguished anymore but just confined. Time to flashover encompasses two regimes in the material reaction to fire:<br />
ignition delay and fire growth, once ignition occurred. Flame propagation receives most of the attention of scientists<br />
addressing polymer combustion and fire retardance which target is to increase time to flashover up to the time<br />
required <strong>for</strong> evacuation and/or intervention of fire extinguishing means. However, time to ignition may be a<br />
substantial proportion of time to flashover, which makes it deserve more detailed investigation in terms of polymer<br />
decomposition to volatile ignitable compounds and solid carbonized residue than it has attracted so far. Indeed, the<br />
thermal and chemical scenario in which the polymer decomposes is extremely different in the two stages of polymer<br />
fed fires: ignition and combustion. Relatively high oxygen concentration (21%), increasing of temperature and<br />
occurrence of physical transitions (e.g. glass transition, melting), characterize the ignition stage whereas oxygen<br />
depletion and steady state conditions are typical when a flame is established on the polymer material. These two<br />
different scenario may correspond to two very different polymer decomposition processes and mechanisms,<br />
resulting in very different decomposition products, depending on the chemical nature of the polymer.<br />
IL-12 B. Kandola, A. R. Horrocks, J. B. Dahiya, M. Lewin<br />
Institute of Materials Research and Innovation, University of Bolton, Deane Road, Bolton BL3 5AB , UK<br />
Effect of nanoparticles on the flammability of Polyamide / sulfamate / dipentaerythritol system<br />
Prof Lewin’s previous work has shown that a high degree of flame retardancy of polyamide 6 can be obtained by<br />
adding low wt% ammonium sulfamate and dipentaerythritol. This property is preserved with further addition of<br />
1wt% of organo-layered montmorillonite (OMMT). However, increasing OMMT decreases these FR ratings. This<br />
work explores this effect further using different organically modified clays, natural montmorillonite and nanosilica.<br />
A number of polyamide 6 nanocomposite samples have been prepared by blending polyamide 6 polymer with<br />
ammonium sulphamate, dipentaerythritol with or without nanoclays and silica using a twin screw extruder. The<br />
nanocomposites have been characterised and studied by thermal analysis, SEM and FTIR. Flammability properties<br />
have been measured by UL-94, LOI and cone calorimetric tests. All polyamide 6 blended samples with or without<br />
nanoparticles were found to be V-2 rated according to UL-94 test classification, however nanoclays helped in<br />
reducing peak heat release rate in the cone calorimetric test. Based on these results mechanistic considerations are<br />
presented.<br />
31
Lectures in sessions/DAMASK<br />
IL-13 S. Bourbigot, F. Gaëlle, M. Jimenez, S. Duquesne<br />
ISP/UMET – UMR/CNRS 8207, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL), Avenue Dimitri<br />
Mendeleïev – Bât. C7a, BP 90108, 59652 Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France<br />
Reaction to fire of polymers: how to apply the concept of intumescence?<br />
Flame retarding polymers or textiles by intumescence are essentially a special case of a condensed phase<br />
mechanism. The intumescence process results from a combination of charring and foaming at the surface of the<br />
burning polymer. The resulting foamed cellular charred layer which density decreases as a function of temperature<br />
protects the underlying material from the action of the heat flux or of the flame. It is the goal of this paper to cover<br />
applications of intumescence in the field of flame retardancy <strong>for</strong> polymers and textiles. Two approaches will be<br />
considered (both <strong>for</strong> polymers and textiles): (i) the incorporation of additives in polymers and (ii) surface treatment<br />
of the polymer using intumescent paint. Our applications will include intumescent <strong>for</strong>mulations <strong>for</strong> polypropylene<br />
(PP), polyamide-6 (PA-6), polycarbonate (PC), polyesters (PET fabrics), biopolymers (polybutylene succinate<br />
(PBS) and Pebax® which is a polyether-block-amide polymer) and also blends (orgalloy® which is a blend of PP<br />
and PA).<br />
L-14 H. W. P. Carvalho, S. H. Pulcinelli, C. V Santilli, F. Leroux, V. Briois<br />
Universidade Est. Paulista, 14800-900, Araraquara-SP, Brazil<br />
Polymer-clay nanocomposites degradation: looking in situ at inorganic phase<br />
One way to increase the polymers thermal stability consists by mixing them in few amount of clays (< 1 % w/w).<br />
These materials are called nanocomposites and were developed in 1990's. Most of the works related to the<br />
understanding of its improved thermal stability claim that clays act as a diffusion barrier and thermal insulator and<br />
thus retard the polymer decomposition. Our goal is to investigate 'non-classical' effects in thermal properties; we are<br />
studying the role played by clays' chemical composition on these observed stability. Then, we prepared synthetic<br />
anionic clays, [(Zn2Al)(OH)6]Cl, [(Cu0.25Zn1.75Al)(OH)6]Cl, [(CuZnAl)(OH)6]Cl. The chlorine ions were<br />
swapped by dodecyl sodium sulfate (DDS) giving to the clays organophilic features. We synthesized PMMA<br />
polymer by radical polymerization initialized by benzoyl peroxide in tetrahydrofuran, then the nanocomposites were<br />
obtained using the ‘casting solution method’. To figure out the chemical trans<strong>for</strong>mations occurring in inorganic<br />
phase during the decomposition, we have per<strong>for</strong>med thermogravimetric, mass spectrometry, SAXS and XAS<br />
experiments. All these measurements were carried out in situ, during the polymer degradation. The latter is a new<br />
approach in the nanocomposite thermal stability study, employing the Quick-EXAFS setup available at the SAMBA<br />
beamline, <strong>for</strong> getting local order in<strong>for</strong>mation around the 3d cations <strong>for</strong>ming the clays. First the X-ray scattering has<br />
shown changes in the clay interlayer distances, starting around 7.7 Å <strong>for</strong> the chloride clays, increasing to 26.0 Å<br />
after the addition of DDS and reaching 29.3 Å after the PMMA intercalation.<br />
L-15 E. Wawrzyn, B. Schartel, M. Ciesielski, M. Döring, B. Kretzschmar<br />
BAM Federal Institute <strong>for</strong> Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany<br />
Are novel aryl phosphates competitors <strong>for</strong> BDP in halogen-free flame retarded PC/ABS/PTFE blend?<br />
Bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BDP) is an effective flame retardant <strong>for</strong> bisphenol A<br />
polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PC/ABS) blends [1]. It combines gas phase and condensed phase<br />
modes of action. It acts as scavenger of H or OH radicals in the flame and initiates cross-linking reactions within the<br />
pyrolysis zone. It was pointed out that the increasing decomposition temperature of commercially available<br />
arylphosphates such as triphenylphosphate, resorcinol-bis(diphenyl phosphate) (RDP) and BDP increases their<br />
activity in the condensed phase of PC/ABS/polytetrafluoroethylene (PC/ABS/PTFE) blend. Increasing the overlap<br />
between the decomposition temperature ranges increases the probability <strong>for</strong> the reactions between flame retardant<br />
and PC decomposition products. The aim of this work was to enhance charring in the condensed phase of<br />
PC/ABS/PTFE/arylphosphate. To reach this goal two approaches were proposed: (i) increasing the decomposition<br />
temperature of the arylphosphate beyond the decomposition temperature of BDP; (ii) using an aliphatic derivatives<br />
of bisphenol A phosphate increasing the cross linking activity due to the early cutting off of the aliphatic groups.<br />
32
L-16 A.Ullah, M. ur Rahman<br />
Department of Physics, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan; Islamia College<br />
(Public Sector University), Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan<br />
Optical properties of imedazole-based organic semiconductors<br />
Imidazole based organic compound can be used in OLED devices as electron and hole transport layer. It can also be<br />
used as an emissive layer due to their wide spectral response in the visible region. Compound 2, 4, 5-triarylimidazole<br />
and its derivatives were synthesized and characterized by various characterization techniques (UV visible,<br />
Photoluminescence Spectroscopy, FT-IR and TG/DTA). The UV-Visible spectrum showed the absorption maxima<br />
at 307 nm <strong>for</strong> sample 2, 4, 5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole (AU-1), 323nm <strong>for</strong> sample 2-(4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2yl)<br />
phenol (AU-2), 310nm <strong>for</strong> 3-(4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2-yl) phenol (AU-3), 306nm <strong>for</strong> 4-(4, 5-diphenyl-1Himidazole-2-yl)<br />
phenol(AU-4) and 316nm <strong>for</strong> sample 4-(4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenol(AU-<br />
5). The optical HOMO-LUMO band gap were found having values 3.48 eV <strong>for</strong> sample AU-1, 3.4eV <strong>for</strong> sample AU-<br />
2, 3.44 eV <strong>for</strong> sample AU-3, 3.28 eV <strong>for</strong> sample AU-4 and 3.23 eV <strong>for</strong> sample AU-5. The photoluminescence<br />
spectra of the samples exhibited maxima at 396nm <strong>for</strong> AU-1, 440nm <strong>for</strong> AU-2 and 400 nm <strong>for</strong> AU-3. The samples<br />
were further analyzed with Fourier Trans<strong>for</strong>m Infrared Radiation (FT-IR) study. These spectra correspond well to<br />
reported values and the various vibration frequencies were assigned to the vibration modes. Samples AU-1, AU-2,<br />
AU-3 and AU-4 showed that the molecules have aromatic rings, with C=N linkage C-H and N-H functional groups.<br />
Sample AU-5 showed that the molecule contains aromatic rings with OH, NH, and nitrile and methoxy<br />
configurations. The thermo gravimetric and differential thermal analysis showed the degradation and thermal<br />
stabilities of samples AU-1, AU-2, AU-3, AU-4 and AU-5 up to 270 o C, 275 o C, 300 o C, 270 o C and 300 o C,<br />
respectively.<br />
Tuesday, October 04, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: Fire Retardant <strong>Polymers</strong><br />
Room: DAMASK<br />
IL-14 M. Wladyka-Przybylak<br />
Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, ul. Wojska Polskiego 71 b, 60-630 Poznan, Poland<br />
Flammability properties and fire retardancy of natural fiber-rein<strong>for</strong>ced composites<br />
Natural fibre-containing composites are relatively environmentally friendly and their uses include automotive,<br />
aerospace and military applications, construction industry (ceiling paneling, partition boards), packaging, and<br />
various consumer products. There<strong>for</strong>e, the knowledge of their behavior during fire is of high importance.<br />
Flammability is one of crucial parameters, which often limits composite application in a given area. It is known that<br />
addition of lignocellulosic fibres to polymer changes mechanical properties of the product obtained, the change<br />
resulting from the properties of the components. However, little in<strong>for</strong>mation is available on the fire per<strong>for</strong>mance of<br />
these composites. This review will present fire per<strong>for</strong>mance data <strong>for</strong> several types of composites rein<strong>for</strong>ced by<br />
lignocellulosic fibres, will discuss factors determining flammability of these composites and will describe methods<br />
of obtaining fire retardancy. Lignocellulosic composites are much safer during fire than man-made polymers<br />
because of absence of dripping and lower production of toxic gases and smoke. Heat release rate (HRR) <strong>for</strong> pure<br />
polymers, in comparison with the matrix rein<strong>for</strong>ced by flax or hemp fibres and shives shows that thermal<br />
decomposition and combustion of the mentioned samples proceeds in a different way.<br />
IL-15 G. Marosi, B. Szolnoki, K. Bocz, A. Toldy, M. Fejős, E. Zimonyi, M. Przybylak<br />
Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Muegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, Hungary<br />
Environmental approach to fire retardancy<br />
Lectures in sessions/DAMASK<br />
The permanent increase of fuel costs pointed out the risk of the current extended use of fossil resources and dispose<br />
of polymeric reusable materials. The preferred use of recycled polymers and renewable resources (either as<br />
biodegradable polymer matrix or as rein<strong>for</strong>cing fibers) provides real alternative. The predicted growth of these<br />
systems is larger than that of other materials but their fire resistance and mechanical characteristics require<br />
significant improvement in order to meet the expectations. Using additives of waste origin, combined application of<br />
rein<strong>for</strong>cement and fire retardancy can be achieved. Green chemistry approach <strong>for</strong> synthesis of flame retardants has<br />
been applied too <strong>for</strong> addressing the high challenges. Some phosphorous fire retardants found to be suitable also <strong>for</strong><br />
optimizing the interfaces of complex bio-fiber and nanofiller containing polymer composites and thus <strong>for</strong> realizing<br />
33
nano-bio synergism. Use of recycled polymer components combined with bio-fibers and nanofillers, acting as<br />
carrier of active substances, proved to be a feasible way <strong>for</strong> economic production of functional polymer system. The<br />
use of advanced analytical methods, such as micro-Raman and LP-FTIR, contribute to the better understanding of<br />
the relationship between the phase-structure and per<strong>for</strong>mance.<br />
IL-16 M. Heneczkowski, M. Oleksy, B. Mossety-Leszczak, P. Murias, M. Oleksy, R. Oliwa, P. Ostyńska, H.<br />
Galina<br />
Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, W.Pola 2, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland<br />
Epoxy resins of reduced flammability <strong>for</strong> aviation industry<br />
More and more parts of modern aircrafts and helicopters are built from composites. The new Boeing 787 Dreamliner<br />
has more than 50% of all its parts made of carbon-fibre composites. Note that this latter term underlines the presence<br />
of the light, rigid, and strong carbon fibres and neglect the other components, such as the matrix constituting the<br />
continuous part. In fact, composites must have a polymer (or ceramic) matrix bonding the rein<strong>for</strong>cing fibre into an<br />
element of desired shape. Among polymer resins used as matrices <strong>for</strong> fibre rein<strong>for</strong>ced composites, epoxy resins play<br />
a dominant role. They share relatively low price, excellent adhesion to almost all substrates, and low shrinkage upon<br />
curing with very good mechanical properties and sufficient thermal stability of the parts made of their composites.<br />
The major disadvantage of the epoxy based matrices is, beside the thermal stability not exceeding ca. 170°C, also<br />
their flammability.<br />
L-17 Lendlein<br />
Centre <strong>for</strong> Biomaterial Development and Berlin Brandenburg Centre <strong>for</strong> Regenerative Therapies, Institute<br />
of Polymer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany<br />
Multifunctional shape-memory polymers<br />
Shape-memory polymers (SMP) have the capability to change their shape in a pre-defined way upon exposure to an<br />
external stimulus. This shape-memory effect (SME) results from a combination of the polymer’s molecular<br />
architecture/morphology with a tailored processing and programming technology. The field of thermally-induced<br />
SMP has been progressing towards materials, which are able to per<strong>for</strong>m two or more subsequent shape changes<br />
related to different temperature levels. The kinetic of the shape recovery process can be adjusted by variation of<br />
specific parameters during the programming. Recently, temperature-memory polymers were introduced which<br />
remember the temperature at which they were de<strong>for</strong>med be<strong>for</strong>e. Moreover, non-contact triggering of shape changes<br />
has been realized by incorporating magnetic nanoparticles in a thermally-induced SMP matrix. These compounds<br />
can be heated inductively in an alternating magnetic field. Many applications especially in the biomedicine are<br />
demanding specific materials with a combination of properties and functionalities. Inspired by the complex and<br />
diverse requirements of these applications, fundamental research is aiming at multifunctional SMP, in which SME is<br />
combined with additional functions such as histocompatibility and biodegradability resulting in multifunctional<br />
materials.<br />
Tuesday, October 04, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: <strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> Textiles and Packaging<br />
Room: DAMASK<br />
Lectures in sessions/DAMASK<br />
L-18 I. Krucinska, A. Komisarczyk, J. Drobnik, E. Stodolak, M.Blazewicz, M. Bogun, T.Mikołajczyk<br />
Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology, Faculty of Material <strong>Technologies</strong><br />
and Textile Design, Technical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland<br />
Application of dibutyrylchitin as a raw material <strong>for</strong> a scaffold production<br />
Dibutyrylchitin (DBC) is an ester derivative of chitin, which is characterised by very good biomedical properties<br />
and can be easy processed into fibrous shape. The influence of DBC onto a living organism was previously<br />
examined and is well known. In this paper, a possibility of the new application of this polymer as a raw material <strong>for</strong><br />
scaffolding was analysed and presented. Two types of scaffolds are presented: electrospun DBC web and<br />
multilayered composite, where electrospun DBC fibres are one of the layers. The criteria of assessment were<br />
porosity and fibre diameter, as well as results of the in vitro examination. The structure of the scaffolds was<br />
differentiated dependently on a cell type and its application. The scaffolds obtained were examined using two cell<br />
cultures: fibroblasts and osteoblasts. The realised experiment was conducted with the comparison to well-known<br />
34
Lectures in sessions/DAMASK<br />
polymer used <strong>for</strong> a scaffold production – poly (ε – caprolactone). The obtained results show the great potential of<br />
dibutyrylchitin in this application.<br />
L-19 M. Ramos, M. Peltzer, A. Jiménez, M.C. Garrigós<br />
Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences Department, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080<br />
Alicante, Spain<br />
Novel nano-biocomposites with antioxidant activity based on poly(lactic acid) and thymol as active additive<br />
Studies within the areas of food active packaging and the use of biopolymers are experiencing a great development<br />
due to consumer's demand. The aim of the present study was the development of a novel nano-biocomposite with<br />
antioxidant activity. Six different <strong>for</strong>mulations were prepared by using PLA-4060D, a commercial organically<br />
modified montmorillonite, Dellite-43B (OMMT), and thymol as active additive. Nano-biocomposites were<br />
processed by directly blending the PLA with 2.5 and 5 wt% OMMT, and 8 wt% thymol in a Haake mixer under<br />
optimized conditions. Films were obtained by compression-moulding. Thermal, mechanical, barrier, optical and<br />
structural properties were studied; besides the calculation of the remained amount of thymol in all <strong>for</strong>mulations by<br />
ultrasound extraction followed by HPLC-UV analysis and the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method. Results<br />
showed that the addition of OMMT rein<strong>for</strong>ced and improved the mechanical and thermal properties and reduced the<br />
oxygen transmission rate. The addition of thymol favoured the plasticization of the polymer, providing also<br />
antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by the DPPH study. In conclusion, the obtained nano-biocomposites could be<br />
considered as a promising antioxidant active packaging material with an intrinsic biodegradable nature and able to<br />
increase foodstuff shelf-life, avoiding the direct addition of additives to food <strong>for</strong>mulations.<br />
L-20 A. Beltrán, R.F.P. Pereira, A.J.M. Valente, M.C. Garrigós, A. Jiménez<br />
Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition & Food Sciences Department, University of Alicante, 03080, Alicante,<br />
Spain<br />
Novel polycaprolactone-based nanocomposites cointaining Hydroxytyrosol <strong>for</strong> antioxidant films in food packaging<br />
applications<br />
The aim of this work is the characterization of nano-biocomposites based on PCL, hydroxytyrosol (HT) and a<br />
montmorillonite (C30B).Different amounts of HT and nanofiller were added to PCL. Active films were obtained by<br />
compression-moulding in a hot-plate hydraulic press. A characterization was per<strong>for</strong>med by using differential<br />
scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier trans<strong>for</strong>m infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),<br />
oxygen transmission rate (OTR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM)<br />
and wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). Water Diffusion coefficients (Dw) in the different nanocomposites were<br />
measured and the porosity (P%) of blends was carried out by mercury porosimetry. Finally, in order to evaluate the<br />
release of HT from each film at different times, samples were immersed in methanol and the extracts were analyzed<br />
by UV-visible spectroscopy. The TGA results indicated that the incorporation of C30B produced a decrease in PCL<br />
thermal stability. SEM and TEM analyses corroborated the good dispersion of C30B into the PCL structure, as<br />
already asserted by WAXS tests, since no important aggregates were observed. A reduction in oxygen permeability<br />
was observed <strong>for</strong> films containing the nanoclay. Finally, the HT release study showed that the desorption<br />
mechanism, although predominantly Fickian, is dependent on the selected <strong>for</strong>mulation.<br />
L-21 J. Arkusz, M. Stępnik, M. Ferlińska, E. Wełnowska, M. Nocuń, J. Grobelny, W. Wąsowicz, M. Cieślak<br />
Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland<br />
Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and mutagenicity testing of titania materials used in manufacturing of textiles with<br />
photocatalytic activity on human lymphocytes and BALB/3T3 and V79 fibroblasts<br />
Recently, there is a growing interest in using nanomaterials with photocatalytic activity <strong>for</strong> textiles modification.<br />
Including toxicological testing on the early stages of development of such products may greatly facilitate whole<br />
process of their registration with reduction of unprofitable investments. As prior toxicity assessment of such<br />
products is currently very seldom per<strong>for</strong>med, mainly because of lack of appropriate guidelines, in our study we<br />
sought to assess usefulness of existing guidelines available from OECD and ISO to eventually propose a preliminary<br />
tiered approach <strong>for</strong> testing the potential adverse health effects of nanomaterials used in textile industry (cytotoxicity<br />
and mutagenicity testing) both in pristine and in final product <strong>for</strong>ms. To this end, we per<strong>for</strong>med a detailed<br />
characterization of physico-chemical properties (AFM, DLS, AAS, Infrared Spectroscopy FT-IR and IR –ATR,<br />
Raman spectroscopy) of two titania nanomaterials in the pristine <strong>for</strong>m as obtained from Technology & Materials<br />
Inc. (China): 1. Nanometer Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and 2. Nano-silver Antiseptic Nanometer Titanium Dioxide<br />
35
(TiO2/Ag). After preparation of dispersion suspensions in culture media, the materials were used in toxicity testing<br />
according to OECD (TG 487 Micronucleus test in vitro on human lymphocytes and on V79 hamster fibroblasts) and<br />
ISO (EN ISO 10933-5:2009 Biological evaluation of medical devices – Part 5: Tests <strong>for</strong> in vitro cytotoxicity on<br />
BALB/3T3 clone A31 mouse fibroblasts) guidelines. Furthermore, we compared toxic effects of pristine materials<br />
with the extracts prepared from polypropylene fibres incorporated with the titania materials.<br />
L-22 B. Goetzendorf-Grabowska, M. Gadzinowski<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112,<br />
90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Modern antibacterial textiles with triclosan encapsulated in polylactide microspheres<br />
We present some preliminary results concerning immobilization of polylactide microspheres loaded with Triclosan<br />
(5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol) onto viscose fiber (nonwoven) surface. An antibacterial agent - Triclosan<br />
was chosen, because it is widely used in cosmetics, soaps, detergents and finishing agents <strong>for</strong> fibers. Three<br />
polylactides: poly(L,L-lactide), poly(D,L-lactide) (meso) and poly(L,L/D,D-lactide) (racemate 1:1 mol) with Mn<br />
10000-13000 kDa was synthesized by bulk ring-opening polymerization using n-octanol/tin(II) octoate catalyst<br />
system. Poly(L,L-lactide), poly(D,L-lactide) and poly(L,L/D,D-lactide) microspheres loaded with Triclosan were<br />
obtained by classical solvent evaporation method. All three samples contained 5 % weight of Triclosan determined<br />
by UV spectroscopy. Mean particle diameter was determined by SEM imaging. It was nearly equal <strong>for</strong> all samples<br />
in range 5.3-6.2 µm. All three samples of microparticles were incorporated into the nonwovens using two methods:<br />
(i) spraying of the particles suspension and (ii) pouring of the particles suspension on the fiber. For the first time we<br />
used a typical viscose nonwoven.<br />
L-23 H. Mirbaha, Sh. Arbab, A. Zeinolebadi, P. Nourpanah<br />
Department of Engineering, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran<br />
Structure-property relationship of oxidized polyacrylonitrile gel-fibers as potential artificial muscles<br />
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) gels undergo mechanical de<strong>for</strong>mation triggered by chemical stimuli such as pH variation.<br />
Thus, they are a potential candidate to be applied as artificial muscles. In this work, expansion/contraction behavior<br />
of polyacrylonitrile gel fibers has been studied. Fibers have been chosen because they have shorter response time<br />
comparing to bulk gels. PAN fibers with different molecular architecture (containing various comonomers) have<br />
been stabilized by thermal oxidation. The oxidation process was followed by hydrolysis in a basic solution to<br />
produce gel fibers. The microstructure of the fibers at different stages of processing have been analyzed by several<br />
characterization methods including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-trans<strong>for</strong>m Infrared<br />
spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). This structure shows expansion (contraction)<br />
response that mimics the behavior of human muscles. The pH-response of the gel fibers is investigated. In doing so,<br />
the pH is decreased from 14 to 0 and again it is increased from 0 to 14 at different steps. A hysteresis behavior is<br />
observed in expansion/contraction curve. The chemistry of oxidation will be discussed. Moreover, the pH-response<br />
is correlated to the microstructure of the initial PAN fiber and microstructural variations during heat treatment<br />
process.<br />
Wednesday, October 05, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: <strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> Textiles and Packaging<br />
Room: DAMASK<br />
Lectures in sessions/DAMASK<br />
L-24 I. Krucińska, B. Surma, M. Chrzanowski, E. Skrzetuska, M. Puchalski<br />
Department of Material and Commodity Sciences and Textile Metrology, Faculty of Material <strong>Technologies</strong><br />
and Textile Design, Technical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland<br />
Study on sensing properties of melt-blown PLA/MWNT non-woven fabric<br />
This paper presents a study on the sensing properties of conductive PLA/MWNT polymer composites processed in a<br />
fibrous <strong>for</strong>m using melt-blown technology. For the manufacturing of nonwovens the mixture of polylactide (PLA)<br />
with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) was prepared in two-stage process. In the first stage PLA 4060D<br />
delivered by Nature Works Company was melt mixed with 4 % multi-wall carbon nanotubes NanocylÒ7000. In the<br />
second stage the nanocomposite polymer PLA/4 %MWNT was melt mixed with pure PLA4060 in order to obtain<br />
PLA/ 2%MWNT composition. The influence of processing parameters of melt blown technology on morphological<br />
36
properties and resulting physical properties of obtained non-woven fabrics was discussed. Non-woven fabrics made<br />
of these composites were characterised by measuring their electrical properties as a function of external stimuli. In<br />
particular, their responses to vapour of benzene, toluene, acetone and methanol were investigated. As studied, the<br />
PLA/MWNT composite fabrics show good sensitivity over multiple testing cycles <strong>for</strong> selected vapours.<br />
L-25 Ł. Figiel, C. Pisano, M. Zaród<br />
Mechanical, Aeronautical & Biomedical Engineering, University of Limerick, Ireland; Materials and Surface<br />
Science Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland<br />
Computational modelling of quasi-solid state processing of pet-clay nanocomposites<br />
Nanoclays are a cost effective rein<strong>for</strong>cement <strong>for</strong> thermoplastic polymers, offering improvements to barrier and<br />
mechanical properties. Hence, polymer-nanoclay composites are promising material candidates <strong>for</strong> packaging and<br />
automotive applications. However, property improvements of those materials depend strongly on their underlying<br />
morphology (e.g. nanoclay distribution and orientation). It has been reported that nanocomposite processing around<br />
the glass transition (Tg), can significantly influence the morphology, and hence the properties of nanoclay/PET<br />
nanocomposites. Hence, this type of processing offers effective means <strong>for</strong> enhancing nanocomposite<br />
morphology/properties in typical industrial <strong>for</strong>ming processes, involving large de<strong>for</strong>mations, high strain rates, and<br />
temperatures around Tg. However, further understanding of the complex relationship between processing,<br />
morphology evolution and end-use properties, and also a careful optimization of process parameters (strain, strain<br />
rate, temperature) is still required to obtain nanocomposites with desired properties. It is believed that computational<br />
modeling of nanocomposite processing around Tg, can assist the experimental work in achieving the<br />
a<strong>for</strong>ementioned goals. This presentation will summarise those findings, and will also show some new results related<br />
to the effects of processing parameters on the exfoliation of clay tactoids during processing.<br />
L-26 A. Moazzen, M. G. Gatabi, Meysam Esmael<br />
Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr , Iran<br />
Effect of plasma treatment with ozone (corona) on kinetics and chemistry physical behavior of absorption of acid<br />
dye on P.A.6<br />
In this study, the effect of plasma treatment with ozon (corona) on kinetics, and chemistry physical behavior of Acid<br />
Blue 62 on P.A.6 are studied in different temperatures 40, 60 and 80 °C be<strong>for</strong>e and after plasma treatment. in this<br />
research ,P.A.6 samples were treated with plasma in 80,160 and 240 seconds.P.A.6 in the dyeing operation with acid<br />
blue 62 showed that plasma treatment effects dye absorption whose the kinetics follows, the model pseudo-secondorder<br />
of be<strong>for</strong>e and after plasma. To determine the type of equation <strong>for</strong> adsorption, the different isotherm such as<br />
Temkin, Langmuir and Freundlich were used. According to the results obtained in this study, the model of<br />
adsorption follows the model of Langmuir up to 160 second treatment, but when is treated plasma in 240 seconds<br />
treatment ,due to burning on surface , the adsorption is decreased an lead to Freundlich models, this is because of the<br />
surface operations with over giving of ray of plasma on P.A.6.<br />
L-27 M. G. Gatabi, A. Moazzen, A. P. Ghora<br />
Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran<br />
Lectures in sessions/DAMASK<br />
Surface modification of polyester by corona of Disperse Blue56<br />
In this study, the adsorption behavior of Surface modification of polyester fabric by corona of DisperseBlue56,<br />
including the adsorption isotherms, on polyester products at different temperatures (90, 100, 110 ° C) were<br />
examined. To determine Adsorption Equation type, Nernst, Langmuir and Freundlich Adsorption Isotherms were<br />
used. Results indicate that the most Correlation Coefficient value belongs to Nernst’s Adsorption Isotherms.<br />
L-28 R. Potai, N. Charoenthai, R. Traiphol<br />
Laboratory of <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>Polymers</strong> and Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence<br />
<strong>for</strong> Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand<br />
Effect of solvents on photophysical properties of conjugated polymer nanoparticles in aqueous dispersion<br />
We have prepared the nanoparticles of conjugated polymers in aqueous medium by using reprecipitation techniques.<br />
The main purpose of this work is to study the influence of solvents on the <strong>for</strong>mation and photophysical properties of<br />
the nanoparticles. Different types of conjugated polymers are investigated, including regioregular and regiorandom<br />
37
Lectures in sessions/DAMASK<br />
poly(3-octylthiophene) (P3OT) and poly[2-methoxy, 5-(2’-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV). In<br />
this work, the polymers were dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) and tetrahydrofuran (THF), in which the<br />
polymer chain adopts either extended or collapsed con<strong>for</strong>mation depending on local polymer-solvent interactions.<br />
Then, the individual polymer chains were induced to assemble into nanoparticles by injecting a small amount of the<br />
polymer solution into high fraction of water, assisted by ultrasonication at elevated temperature. The<br />
characterization of nanoparticles was shown in figure 1. We have found that the particle size of the nanoparticles<br />
obtained from DCM system (~100-150 nm <strong>for</strong> P3OT and ~100 nm <strong>for</strong> MEH-PPV) was larger than that of the THF<br />
system (~50-90 nm <strong>for</strong> P3OT and ~100 nm <strong>for</strong> MEH-PPV). In addition, the photophysical properties of conjugated<br />
nanoparticles varied with type of solvents. The absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the nanoparticles<br />
prepared from the two solvents exhibited different patterns.<br />
L-29 N. Charoenthai, T. Pattanatornchai, R. Traiphol<br />
Laboratory of <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>Polymers</strong> and Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence<br />
<strong>for</strong> Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand<br />
Relationship between stimuli structure and color switching behavior of polydiacetylene vesicles<br />
Polydiacetylene (PDA) vesicle is an interesting class of material that exhibits color switching property upon<br />
exposure to external stimuli. There<strong>for</strong>e, it has a potential <strong>for</strong> being utilized as nano-sensors of various molecules,<br />
pH, ions and temperature. In this contribution, we investigate the relationship between color switching behaviors of<br />
PDA vesicles and molecular architectures of stimuli by using uv/vis absorption spectroscopy. The vesicles are<br />
fabricated from three types of monomers, 10,12-tricosadiynoic acid (TCDA), 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA)<br />
and N-(2-aminoethyl)pentacosa-10,12-diynamide (AEPCDA). A series of alcohols, having linear and branched<br />
chains, is used as a model of stimuli. We have found that quantity of the alcohols required <strong>for</strong> inducing color change<br />
decreases with increasing chain length of the linear alcohols (i.e. methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol and 1pentanol).<br />
Adding branches into the structure of alcohols (i.e. 2-propanol, 2-butanol, tert-butanol and 2-pentanol) is<br />
also found to retard the colorimetric response of PDA vesicles. Interestingly, a change of head group in<br />
poly(AEPCDA) vesicles is found to cause two-step transition when methanol and ethanol is added into the system,<br />
while the response of poly(TCDA) and poly(PCDA) vesicles takes place in a one-step process.<br />
38
Monday, October 03, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: Nano-, Micro- and Related Colloidal Systems<br />
Room: SATIN 1<br />
IL-17 H.W. Spiess<br />
Max-Planck-Institute <strong>for</strong> Polymer Research, P. O. Box 3148, D-55021 Mainz, Germany<br />
Magnetic resonance studies of nanostructured functional materials<br />
Functional nanostructures are in the focus of current materials science. They occur in advanced synthetic as well as<br />
in biological systems through self-assembly of carefully chosen building blocks. Secondary interactions such as<br />
hydrogen bonding, aromatic pi-interactions, and electrostatic <strong>for</strong>ces are of central importance. Here, magnetic<br />
resonance techniques (NMR and EPR) provide unique and highly selective in<strong>for</strong>mation on structure and dynamics<br />
of such systems. The techniques will be introduced and demonstrated by recent examples.<br />
IL-18 K.E. Geckeler<br />
Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics, World-Class University (WCU); Department of<br />
Materials Science and Engineering, School of Medical Systems Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science<br />
and Technology (GIST), 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea<br />
Polymer-nanocomposites: from unorthodox design to interesting applications<br />
Nanocomposites have been found to be interesting materials <strong>for</strong> many applications and also the bottom-up approach<br />
<strong>for</strong> their preparation has received special attention. Novel approaches <strong>for</strong> the synthesis of interesting<br />
nanocomposites can be designed and developed by using the concept of supramolecularity. When employing<br />
nano-sized building blocks in conjunction with other components such as macrocycles, metals, and biopolymers,<br />
these concepts can be translated into reality and new classes of nanobio-composites fabricated by using unorthodox<br />
approaches. These fundamentally novel concepts are presented and highlighted both as synthetic methods and in the<br />
context of their applications. Several model systems with carbon and non-carbon nanotubes as well as nanoparticles<br />
have been studied and examples of their interaction products based on different types of reactions and syntheses are<br />
given. The novel nanocomposites are expected to have an application potential in many areas such as the biomedical<br />
and electronic areas.<br />
IL-19 A. J. Domb<br />
Institute of Drug Research, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem,<br />
Israel<br />
Antimicrobial nanoparticles and polymers<br />
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 1<br />
We have synthesized a range of antimicrobial polymers in the <strong>for</strong>m of nanoparticles or soluble polymers possessing<br />
active quaternary ammonium groups with one of the alkyl is a C4-C8 alkyl chain. Quaternary ammonium bearing<br />
nanoparticles were synthesized by crosslinking of polyethyleneimine and quaternarization with octylbromide and<br />
methylbromide. These nanoparticles were incorporated in dental restoration compositions to <strong>for</strong>m self sterile<br />
composites. <strong>Polymers</strong> releasing active halogens have been prepared and tested <strong>for</strong> microbial deactivation in drinking<br />
water. Guanidine based polymers have demonstrated efficient antimicrobial activity when added to contaminated<br />
water.<br />
IL-20 P. Ulanski, S. Kadlubowski, J. Jeszka<br />
Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz,<br />
Poland<br />
Synthesis of nanogels by electron-pulse-induced intramolecular crosslinking of single polymer chains. Experiments<br />
and simulations<br />
Nanogels are swellable, crosslinked polymer particles of sub-micrometer size. Such structures, along with their<br />
larger analogues – microgels – are being tested <strong>for</strong> a number of practical applications, mostly biomedical, <strong>for</strong><br />
instance as controlled drug delivery systems or synthetic vectors <strong>for</strong> DNA transfection in gene therapy. Due to these<br />
applications, nanogels based on hydrophilic polymers and thus capable of swelling in aqueous environment are of<br />
particular interest. Micro- and nanogels are most often synthesized by crosslinking polymerization, usually in<br />
emulsions and microemulsions. This method has some drawbacks. It requires the use of monomers, crosslinkers and<br />
39
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 1<br />
other auxiliary agents, which are often toxic and difficult to completely remove from the ready products, thus<br />
limiting the possibility of their biomedical applications. There<strong>for</strong>e it would be of some advantage if nanogels could<br />
be synthesized using macromolecules and water as the only substrates.<br />
L-30 H. Teyssedre, P. Gilormini, G. Régnier, S. Landis, N. Chaix<br />
Nilab, Grenoble, France ; Laboratoire PIMM, CNRS, Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Paris, France ;<br />
CEA/LETI/LTN, Grenoble France<br />
Polystyrene flow simulations and mechanical reaction during thermal nanoimprint lithography<br />
Nanoimprint lithography is an efficient way to reproduce nanostructures in sub-micrometre polymeric films. If it has<br />
already been shown that sub-100 nm structures in resolution can be made with this process, the structures replication<br />
over an area larger than a few centimetres is still prone to defects and limits the per<strong>for</strong>mances of the process. As the<br />
polymer film is squeezed between a flat substrate and a stamp which contains nanoscale structures, the polymer flow<br />
results in a non homogeneous pressure distribution on the stamp, which leads to the stamp bending and to<br />
inaccurate nanostructures. To understand the mechanisms involved in the imprint process and to predict the induced<br />
non uni<strong>for</strong>mities, we investigated a polystyrene as a model material and compared three simulations to experiments.<br />
We first characterised the bulk material, then simulated the imprint of a simple pattern, extracted the computed<br />
contact pressure and compared its distribution to the observed imprinted inhomogeneities. The results validate our<br />
assumption that the stamp bending is governed by the contact pressure due to the polymer flow.<br />
L-31 S. Vasilakos, P. Tarantili<br />
National Technical University of Athens, School of Chemical Engineering, Polymer Technology Lab.<br />
Heroon Polytechniou 9, GR 15780, Athens, Greece<br />
Curing mechanism of condensation type poly(dimethyl siloxane)-organoclay nanocomposites<br />
Organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) was used <strong>for</strong> the preparation of condensation type poly(dimethyl<br />
siloxane) (PDMS) nanocomposites, via the sonication method, <strong>for</strong> effective dispersion of nanoparticles into the<br />
polymer matrix. Silanol terminated PDMS was the silicone base elastomer, commercial montmorillonite clays under<br />
the trade names: Cloisite 20A and Cloisite 30B were used as rein<strong>for</strong>cing nanofillers. The vulcanization reaction was<br />
monitored by viscosity measurements, infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry<br />
measurements (DSC). Evaluation of the nanocomposite structure was per<strong>for</strong>med using X-ray diffraction (XRD),<br />
whereas the cross linking density of the elastomer was estimated by swelling experiments in toluene. The<br />
incorporation of organically modified montmorillonite increases the rate of reaction and completion becomes faster,<br />
than that taking place <strong>for</strong> pure PDMS, and seems to affect the chemical reaction path, due to interactions between<br />
cross-linking system, polysiloxane and clay rein<strong>for</strong>cement. According to XRD results exfoliated structures were<br />
achieved <strong>for</strong> both types of the examined clays, <strong>for</strong> concentrations up to 3.5 phr. The incorporation of organoclay<br />
restricts the solvent absorption due to an inhibition of solvent diffusion caused by the clay particles dispersed within<br />
the bulk material. Chemical interactions between OMMT and toluene are likely to affect the swelling behavior of<br />
immersed PDMS hybrids.<br />
L-32 A. Mozaffari, A. A. Katbab, H. Nazockdast<br />
Polymer Engineering Department, AmirKabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran<br />
The role of interfacial compatibilization upon cure kinetics of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) / organoclay<br />
nanocomposites<br />
Elastomer nanocomposites based on Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR)/organoclay and were prepared via melt<br />
blending process in internal mixer. Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR) and EPDM grafted maleic anhydride have<br />
been applied <strong>for</strong> compatibilizing of SBR/organoclay compound. In order to characterize the microstructure of<br />
elastomer nanocomposite samples, X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were per<strong>for</strong>med. The dislocation of peak to<br />
lower angle in compatibilized SBR/organoclay nanocomposites revealed the effectiveness of EPDM-g-MAH and<br />
ENR as an interfacial compatibilizer. The effect of addition of organically modified nanoclay and both of<br />
compatiblizers on the viscoelastic properties of the vulcanized SBR matrix was studied by dynamic mechanical<br />
thermal analysis (DMTA). In order to directly assess the state of dispersion of organoclay in the melt state, linear<br />
and non-linear rheological measurements were carried out. The upturn of viscosity in conjunction with the<br />
nonterminal behavior of storage modulus at low frequencies, observed <strong>for</strong> nanocomposite samples, are indicative of<br />
the <strong>for</strong>mation of percolation network in the nanocomposite samples which result from intercalated and/or exfoliated<br />
40
of clay platelets. The longer relaxation time and the larger relaxation modulus of nanocomposites in stress relaxation<br />
test after step strain, disclosing the significant energetic barrier against the molecular motion during the shear flow.<br />
Tuesday, October 05, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: Nano-, Micro- and Related Colloidal Systems<br />
Room: SATIN 1<br />
IL-21 D. Schneider, G. Fytas<br />
Max Planck Institute <strong>for</strong> Polymer Research, P.O.Box 3148, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Department of<br />
Materials Science and FORTH P.O. Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece<br />
Hypersonic soft phononics<br />
Phononic crystals become the acoustic equivalents of the photonic crystals controlled, however, by a larger number<br />
of material parameters. In contrast to the sonic and ultrasonic crystals, the study of hypersonic crystals (at the<br />
submicron scale), imposes substantial demand on fabrication and characterization techniques. Colloid and polymer<br />
science offer methods to create novel materials that possess periodic variations of density and elastic properties at<br />
mesoscopic length scales commensurate with the wave length of hypersonic phonons and hence photons of the<br />
visible light. Polymer-and colloid-based phononics is an emerging new field at the interface of soft materials science<br />
and condensed matter physics with rich perspectives ahead.<br />
IL-22 Z. Florjańczyk, M. Dembowski, A. Wolak, A. Ćwil<br />
Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warszawa, Poland<br />
Functionalized nanoparticles based on aluminum hydroxides and phosphates<br />
The paper is devoted to hybrid inorganic-organic polymers that consists of aluminum oxide or aluminum phosphate<br />
core decorated with organic ligands. Depending on the starting materials used and synthetic method applied these<br />
materials can be prepared in a <strong>for</strong>m of spherical nanoparticles or in a <strong>for</strong>m of highly crystalline fibers that comprise<br />
catena type coordination polymers. Both type of hybrid polymers can incorporate various type of functional groups<br />
and can be linked with organic polymers by grafting the heterocyclic and vinyl polymers from the nanoparticles<br />
surfaces.<br />
L-33 M. A. Rodriguez-Perez, J. Pinto, M. Dumon<br />
Cellular Materials Laboratory (CellMat), Condensed Matter Physics Department, University of Valladolid,<br />
Spain<br />
From micro to nanocellular polymeric materials<br />
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 1<br />
The use of polymer foams is extremely widespread. Indeed, it is difficult to think of a single industry where polymer<br />
foams do not have a significant application. Although naturally occurring polymer foams have been known <strong>for</strong> a<br />
long time, (e.g., sponges, cork, balsa wood), synthetic polymer foams were only been introduced to the market over<br />
the last fifty years or so. Compressibility, thermal insulation and, of course, low density/lightness are all enhanced in<br />
a foam as compared with the original polymer. Such properties can be tailored to meet particular requirements and<br />
can increase substantially the potential applications of a polymer. The cell size of conventional polymeric foams is<br />
usually higher than 100 microns with cell densities below 107 cells/cm 3 . One of the key advances on these materials<br />
was the discovery of microcellular plastics, originally developed at Massachusets Institute of Technology (MIT).<br />
These materials are characterized by cell sizes below 10 microns and cell densities around 109 cells/cm 3 . It has been<br />
proved that these materials exhibit high impact strength, high toughness, high fatigue life and low thermal<br />
conductivity than solid polymers and better properties than conventional foams. Because of these unique properties,<br />
a large number of applications can be imagined <strong>for</strong> these products.<br />
IL-23 M. Antonietti, Y. Wang, X. Wang<br />
Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany<br />
C/N-<strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> artificial photosynthesis, heterogeneous organocatalysis and green electronics<br />
Some recent observations made polymeric graphitic Carbon Nitride (ideally C3N4), a nice extension to current<br />
semiconducting organic system. This is due to the ease of synthesis, but also due to its extreme chemical stability.<br />
41
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 1<br />
Made from urea under early-earth conditions, as reported already by Justus Liebig in 1832, it just recently turned out<br />
to be a novel catalyst which–among other reactions–can even chemically split CO2 or photochemically turn water<br />
into hydrogen and oxygen. This opens the door to artificial photosynthesis on the base of a sustainable and most<br />
abundant substrate base. I will introduce the basics of artificial photosynthesis, go to required band structures and<br />
electronic schemes and couple that with chemical reactivity to catalyze both water oxidation and water reduction.<br />
L-34 G. Mechrez, R. Suckeveriene, E. Segal, M. Narkis<br />
Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel<br />
Acrylic latex-modified MWNT networks and nanocomposites<br />
The present study presents a new preparation method of Latex/CNT nanocomposite, and focuses on the<br />
investigation and characterization of nanocomposites and networks comprising MWNT and acrylic latex. An<br />
aqueous dispersion of MWNT/DBSA was blended with acrylic latex at a wide range of MWNT and acrylic latex<br />
concentrations. The resulting blends were filtrated through micro-filtration membrane, as the <strong>for</strong>ming filtration cake<br />
was separated from the membrane and characterized. Additionally, MWNT/DBSA networks having high elongation<br />
were developed and characterized. The MWNT/DBSA networks possess tensile failure strains of 8 to 12% -<br />
markedly higher than previously literature reported values of 0.5 to 4%. The networks were prepared through microfiltration<br />
of highly dispersed MWNT in DBSA aqueous solutions.<br />
L-35 C. Laslau, D. Williams, B. Kannan, B. E. Wright, J. Travas-Sejdic<br />
Polymer Electronics Research Centre, MacDiarmid Institute <strong>for</strong> <strong>Advanced</strong> Materials and Nanotechnology,<br />
School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand<br />
The scanned pipette <strong>for</strong> the microfabrication of conducting polymers and electrochemical characterization of films,<br />
microspots and nanowires<br />
The pipette-localized writing of metals and conducting polymers (CPs) at the micro- and nano-scale is emerging as a<br />
leading patterning approach <strong>for</strong> applications such as electronic circuit interconnects and biosensors. We demonstrate<br />
the first micron-scale electrochemical pipette-localized patterning of CPs, which can be arrayed and written in<br />
various aspect ratios. Furthermore, we integrate this approach with pipette-localized electrochemical analysis. This<br />
is based on a scanned-probe microscope setup that uses a double-barrelled micropipette to allow <strong>for</strong> microscale 3terminal<br />
cyclic voltammetry. The resulting CVs are highly localized, and can be mapped as a function of position.<br />
Finally, we also map current response allowing us to identify not only regions of CP deposition but also variances in<br />
CP activity. This setup is being extended to nanowires, and builds upon our previous highly localized CP<br />
electrochemical investigations.<br />
L-36 R. Y. Suckeveriene, E. Zelikman, G. Mechrez, M. Narkis<br />
Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-IIT; Interdepartmental Program in Polymer Engineering,<br />
Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel<br />
Hybrid PANI/CNT nano-composites prepared by an inverse emulsion polymerization technique<br />
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) have drawn much attention in recent years. CNT have remarkable properties i.e.<br />
mechanical properties, electrical and thermal conductivity, thus offering opportunities <strong>for</strong> development of new nanocomposites.<br />
Homogeneous dispersion of nano-particles in polymers using conventional processing techniques is<br />
difficult since nano-particles tend to agglomerate, thus efficient methods <strong>for</strong> agglomerate breakdown have been<br />
sought in recent years. Moreover, the combination of CNT with intrinsically conductive polymers may lead to new<br />
and improved properties of the resulting materials.<br />
This work describes a new in-situ inverse emulsion polymerization method of aniline in the presence of multiwalled<br />
carbon nanotubes (MWNT) in organic solvents using ultrasonication. In this dynamic inverse polymerization<br />
process the MWNT were coated with polyaniline (PANI). PANI dispersion, as reference, and PANI/MWNT<br />
dispersions were stable <strong>for</strong> long periods of time without visible precipitation. High-resolution scanning electron<br />
microscopy (HRSEM) shows that MWNT are coated with PANI, leading to a remarkably improved dispersability of<br />
the nanotubes, thus the PANI coating reduces the tendency of MWNT to re-agglomerate. The neat MWNT have a<br />
diameter of ~10 nm, while the core-shell MWNT/PANI nanofibers exhibit a diameter of ~40 nm. The dispersions<br />
obtained may have important potential applications in the fields of sensors, acoustic actuators, solar cells and more.<br />
R.S is grateful the Miriam and Aaron Gutwirth Memorial Fellowship Fund. The authors are grateful <strong>for</strong> the<br />
financial assistance provided by the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute (RBNI), Technion-IIT.<br />
42
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 1<br />
L-37 M. Ratanajanchai, D. Tanwilai, S. Soodvilai, P. Sunintaboon<br />
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Nakhon Pathom<br />
73170, Thailand<br />
Preparation of trimethylated chitosan core-shell particles via photo-induced emulsion polymerization<br />
Chitosan is one of mostly used biopolymers because of its various attractive properties e.g., biocompatibility,<br />
biodegradability, antimicrobial activity. However, it has limited solubility in aqueous media. Modification of<br />
chitosan in order to improve its water solubility is, there<strong>for</strong>e, necessary. One of appropriate ways to produce watersoluble<br />
derivatives is trimethylation at amino groups of chitosan and this derivative is called ‘N,N,N-trimethylated<br />
chitosan(TMC)’. Although TMC shows improved solubility and also can enhance transepithelial transport, its<br />
cytotoxicity should also be concerned. Several reports illustrated that an incorporation of cationionic polymers into<br />
nanoparticles can reduce toxicity of native polymers. In this study, synthesized TMCs with 20-80% of degrees of<br />
quaternization (DQs) were investigated in both chemical and biological aspects. The results showed that TMCs with<br />
lower DQ exhibited higher 3o-amine sites and less cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells. However, TMC with 20% DQ was<br />
selected to be fabricated with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) in the <strong>for</strong>m of core-shell nanoparticles. It was<br />
found that the nanostructures with TMC as the shell were successfully prepared via a one-step emulsifier-free<br />
emulsion polymerization based on camphorquinone(CQ)/3o-amine photo-initiating system and the size of<br />
nanoparticles was about 100 nm, determined by TEM.<br />
L-38 S. Jenjob, P. Sunintaboon<br />
Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence <strong>for</strong> Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of science,<br />
Mahidol University, 999 Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon- Pathom 73170, Thailand<br />
Synthesis of biocompatible core-shell nanoparticles based on chitosan and poly(2-hydroxyehtyl methacrylate)<br />
The biocompatible core-shell nanoparticles possessing of poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) core coated<br />
with chitosan (CS) shell were synthesized via an emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization. A redox initiating system<br />
was stemming from tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and amine group on CS. During polymerization, the<br />
amphiphilic macroradicals underwent in situ self-assembly to <strong>for</strong>m core-shell structures. Then, amphiphilic coreshell<br />
particles ranging from 600-689 nm in diameter and displaying positive surface charge about 32 - 51 mV, were<br />
produced in the absence of surfactant. The amount of CS was introduced to determine the percent conversions and<br />
solid contents. FT-IR spectra were attained to confirm the chemical components of PHEMA-CS nanoparticles. The<br />
results showed the particles had well-defined structure as illustrated by SEM and TEM. The crosslinking agent<br />
added into this system can enhance the particle thermal stability. The obtained core-shell nanoparticles would be<br />
useful <strong>for</strong> many applications such as a delivery carrier or a substrate <strong>for</strong> immobilization of enzyme, protein, or cell.<br />
L-39 T. Pattanatornchai, N. Charoenthai, S. Wacharasindhu, M. Sukwattanasinitt, R. Traiphol<br />
Laboratory of <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>Polymers</strong> and Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry and Center of Innovation<br />
in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand<br />
Effects of structural mismatch on colorimetric response of polydiacetylene vesicles in solution<br />
Polydiacetylene (PDA) vesicles are nanoparticles of conjugated polymer, which exhibit rather interesting chromic<br />
properties. This material is known to undergo color switching when subjected to different environments or<br />
interacted with some chemicals. This study utilizes uv/vis absorption spectroscopy to investigate the color switching<br />
properties of PDA vesicles in solution. The vesicles are fabricated by mixing three types of monomers, 10,12pentacosadiynoic<br />
acid (PCDA), 10,12-tricosadiynoic acid (TCDA),and N-(2-aminoethyl) pentacosa-10,12diynamide<br />
(AEPCDA). The PCDA and TCDA exhibit different length of alkyl side chain whereas the PCDA and<br />
AEPCDA are different in head group. The mixed PCDA/TCDA and mixed PCDA/AEPCDA are co-dispersed in<br />
aqeous medium assisted by ultrasonication at 80 o C. The mole ratios of monomers are varied in the fabrication<br />
process prior to the polymerization, allowing the assembling of the two monomers into the vesicles. The mismatch<br />
of alkyl side chain and head group perturbs the organization within the vesicles, which in turn affects their<br />
colorimetric response to external stimuli. When the vesicles in water is perturbed by increasing temperature, adding<br />
ethanol, and varying pH, its color turnes from blue to red. We have found that the color-transition behaviors depend<br />
on ratios of each monomers in the vesicles.<br />
43
Lectures in sessions/SATIN 1<br />
Wednesday, October 05, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: Nano-, Micro- and Related Colloidal Systems/<strong>Polymers</strong> <strong>for</strong> Development of<br />
Infrastructure<br />
Room: SATIN 1<br />
L-40 W. Fortuniak, J. Kurjata, J. Chojnowski, S. Slomkowski<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz,<br />
Poland<br />
Synthesis of phase change materials (pcm) microencapsulated in polysiloxane<br />
A method of the microencapsulation of paraffins in polysiloxane was worked out to obtain phase change materials<br />
(PCM) as additives <strong>for</strong> textile used in clothing.<br />
L-41 Y. Tajitsu<br />
Electrical Engineering Department, Graduate School of Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate,<br />
Suita, Osaka 546-8680, Japan<br />
Application of piezoelectric polymer to realize new soft actuator<br />
We successfully realized a prototype piezoelectric polymer actuator with a simple system to realize rotatory motion<br />
using a biodegradable piezoelectric polymer film of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA). We hypothesized that, if a pseudo-<br />
Rayleigh wave on the end face of a PLLA film can be generated by the shear piezoelectricity of the PLLA film<br />
under the application of an ac voltage, an ultrasonic motor will be realized owing to the generated pseudo-Rayleigh<br />
wave. On the basis of this concept, we fabricated an ultra-sonic motor (a PLLA film roll transducer) by rolling a<br />
piece of PLLA film with Au deposited on the entire area of both surfaces into a long thin roll, which was placed<br />
vertically on a table, and placing a plastic hemispherical container on the upper end face of the PLLA film roll<br />
transducer. We were then able to induce the rotation of the plastic hemispherical container by applying an ac<br />
voltage to the PLLA film roll transducer. In this way, we confirmed that this remarkable phenomenon can be<br />
explained reasonably satisfactorily on the basis of the above hypothesis.<br />
L-42 A. Kościuszko, J. Andrzejewski, M. Barczewski, T. Sterzyński<br />
University of Technology and Life Sciences (UTP), Faculty of Technology and Chemical Engineering, ul.<br />
Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland<br />
Mechanical properties and melting behavior of single polypropylene composites as a function of the processing<br />
temperature<br />
The importance in application of specific polymers and polymeric composites, as an alternative to conventional<br />
engineering materials has been increasing constantly <strong>for</strong> several decades. Due to a wide range of interesting physical<br />
and mechanical properties, as well as possibility of its modification by an introduction of different types of fillers<br />
(powder or fibrous) into the polymeric matrix, these materials found a huge number of applications and achieved<br />
high quality standards. Recently, current legal regulations concerning environmental protection and waste<br />
management has motivated the researchers to develop constructional materials with properties similar to glass fiber<br />
rein<strong>for</strong>ced composites, fully recyclable by a relatively low cost. The research in this field has been focused on the<br />
one polymer composite (self-rein<strong>for</strong>ced polymer composite SRPC), a conception proposed by Capiati and Porter in<br />
1970s. This idea concerns a composite material by which the same polymers of different morphological types or<br />
polymers of the same group constitute both, the matrix and the rein<strong>for</strong>cement. Thanks to the ef<strong>for</strong>ts of several<br />
research teams, products made of self-rein<strong>for</strong>ced polypropylene composites are already available on the market. In<br />
the same time the investigations are carried out with the aim to improve this technology as well as to adapt the<br />
products to needs of new applications.<br />
L-43 K. Imoto, M. Mitsuzuka, H. Kowa, M. Tsukiji, Y. Tajitsu<br />
Graduate School of Engineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamate, Suita, Osaka 546-8680, Japan<br />
Development of polyurethane with high photoelasticity and its application to touch panels<br />
At present, it is difficult to use touch panels in low-priced products because ITO electrodes are expensive. In<br />
addition, the application of touch panels to products requiring flexibility is difficult. We designed a new flexible<br />
touch panel on the basis of light switching due to the photoelasticity of a polymer sheet. In this system, a high<br />
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Lectures in sessions/SATIN 1<br />
photoelastic constant that has not previously been realized in conventional polymers is required. In the early stage,<br />
we attempted to improve the properties of polyurethane considered, as a polymer that can potentially meet these<br />
requirements. At present, we have increased photoelastic constant over 100-fold compared with that of a<br />
commercial polyurethane sheet. A prototype system of the new touch panel using the polyurethane sheet was<br />
produced. Then, we carried out various demonstrations to confirm the function of simple pattern recognition by the<br />
system. Moreover, in the operation of touch panels such as those in mobile equipments, new methods of operation<br />
such as tapping, dragging, flicking and pinching have been adopted. These functions were tested, and the responses<br />
were recorded by a video camera. These experiments were mainly successful; thus, the new touch panel was able to<br />
support these complicated operations.<br />
L-44 J. Rysz, J. Jaczewska, A. Bernasik, K. Awsiuk, A. Budkowski<br />
Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland<br />
Self-assembly in multi-component polymer films <strong>for</strong> electronic applications<br />
Soluble polymer semiconductors <strong>for</strong>m a new class of materials that combines both mechanical properties of<br />
polymers like elasticity with optoelectronic properties typical <strong>for</strong> an inorganic semiconductor. Their discovery<br />
triggered intensive research on development of so called “plastic” electronics as an alternative to standard silicon<br />
technology. Once synthesised, semiconducting macromolecules can be dissolved and retrieved with preserved<br />
optoelectronic properties. Dissolved polymeric semiconductors can be deposited on flexible or rigid surface by<br />
various methods including spin-coating, ink-jet or roll to roll printing when manufacturing (opto-) electronic<br />
devices. Not without significance is the fact that the molecules with different properties can be dissolved in a<br />
common solvent and deposited simultaneously as spin-cast blend films, where self-assembled domains could <strong>for</strong>m<br />
complementary elements of light emitting diodes LEDs, photovoltaic devices, field effect transistors FETs and<br />
integrated circuitries. To fully exploit the potential of this new approach a deeper insight into the control of selfassembly<br />
during solution deposition of polymer blends is a necessity. In this contribution, we present systematic<br />
studies on the impact of various spin-casting parameters on self-assembly and final film morphology of pol(3alkylthiophenes)<br />
P3ATs, a heavily studied conjugated polymer family, blended with insulating polymer (polystyrene<br />
PS).<br />
L-45 J. Zemła, A. Budkowski, J. Raczkowska, J. Rysz, M. Lekka<br />
Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland<br />
Micrometer patterns and arrays of single and multiple proteins adsorbed on spin-cast film blends of hydrophilic or<br />
thermo-responsive polymers<br />
Selective adsorption of proteins (concanavalin A, Con A, and lentil lectin) to phase domains of spin-cast polymer<br />
blend films is used to fabricate protein micro-patterns and arrays. Spin-coating of dissolved blends, PS/PEO and<br />
PS/PNIPAM, offers simultaneous rather than additive deposition of different functional polymers, such as<br />
hydrophobic polystyrene PS, hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) PEO and thermo-responsive Poly(Nisopropylacrylamide)<br />
PNIPAM. When blends are spin-cast onto homogeneous surfaces, phase domains rich in<br />
different polymers are born and self-assembly spontaneously, to <strong>for</strong>m substrates <strong>for</strong> protein micro-patterns. In turn,<br />
protein micro-arrays are created by proteins adsorbing to the phase domains, that can be aligned by micro-patterns<br />
prepared with soft lithography prior to spin-coating. To prevent polymer dissolution during protein adsorption,<br />
polymer blends are admixed with crosslinking agent pentaerythriol triacrylate. To obtain micro-patterns of multiple<br />
rather than single proteins, a multi-step selective protein adsorption is applied. For PS/PNIPAM films, primary<br />
adsorption to PS-rich domains at 24 o C and secondary adsorption at 38 o C to the domains rich in PNIPAM is<br />
per<strong>for</strong>med. Blend film structures and protein patterns and arrays are determined with Atomic Force Microscopy and<br />
fluorescence microscopy. Biological activity test, per<strong>for</strong>med with Con A, confirms preserved functionality of a<br />
complementary protein, carboxypeptidase Y, adsorbed to spin-cast blend film.<br />
The research described in this publication was partly carried out with the equipment ( AFM Agilent 5500)<br />
purchased thanks to the financial support of the European Regional Development Fund in the framework of the<br />
Polish Innovation Economy Operational Program (contract No.POIG.02.01.00-12-023/08).<br />
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Lectures in sessions/BALLROOM 1<br />
Monday, October 03, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: Progress in Basic Polymer Science<br />
Room: BALLROOM 1<br />
IL-24 W. H.Daly, C. Stefanescu, I. Negulescu<br />
Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA<br />
Catalyzed functionalization of chitosan in ionic liquids<br />
Chitosan and cellulose are renewable, biodegradable, and biocompatible polymers, but difficult to process by<br />
dissolving into common solvents. Chitosan containing materials have been employed over the years in water<br />
purification, filtration, fruit coating, surgical dressings and drug encapsulation. The functionalization of chitosan has<br />
been studied extensively using either heterogeneous procedures or chitosan solutions in either acidic or aprotic<br />
solvents. The utility of ionic liquid (IL) solvents in homogeneous cellulose modification is well established but the<br />
corresponding reactions of chitosan in IL’s do not appear to proceed cleanly. The homogeneous chemical<br />
modification of cellulose with phthalic anhydride in the presence of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and in the<br />
absence of catalyst has been reported by Liu and coworkers. The phthalated cellulosic derivatives obtained showed a<br />
degree of substitution ranging from 0.10 to 0.73. Chemical modification of the N-amino functional groups of<br />
chitosan using phthalic anhydride in DMF results in the <strong>for</strong>mation of N-phthaloylated chitosan which is a<br />
particularly important and indispensible organosoluble precursor. Phthaloylation is ideal <strong>for</strong> protection as well <strong>for</strong><br />
improving solubility. The corresponding uncatalysed reaction of chitosan in IL’s fails to effect quantitative<br />
substitution.<br />
IL-25 A. Michalak, M. Srebro, M. Mitoraj, Ł. Piękoś<br />
Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University,R. Ingardena 3, 30-<br />
060 Kraków, Poland<br />
Theoretical modeling of catalytic activity in the ethylene polymerization catalyzed by half-metalocene Ti(IV)<br />
complexes<br />
Predicting the activity of the catalyst based on results computational studies is often challenging, since there exist<br />
many factors affecting the experimental measures of catalytic activity. The main goal of the present studies was to<br />
rationalize the changes in activity in the series of half-metalocene titanium (IV) catalysts <strong>for</strong> ethylene<br />
polymerization based on static and dynamic (CP-MD) DFT calculations. In particular, a special attention has been<br />
paid to the catalysts with aryloxo ligands due to their activity in the high-temerature polymerization and copolymerization<br />
and their industrial importance. The results of the detailed mechanistic studies were used to model<br />
the catalytic activity. The theoretical activity parameter, based not only on the rate constant <strong>for</strong> the preferred<br />
ethylene insertion pathway, but as well taking into account the populations of the numerous alternative<br />
complexes/reaction pathways, correlates very well with the experimentally determined activities. Further, results of<br />
this study gives a deep insight into the factors determining the catalytic activity and allows us to rationalize the<br />
superior activity of the complexes with mono substituted aryloxo ligands.<br />
IL-26 A. Fradet, T. Tanguy, M. Tessier, Y. Kudryavtsev<br />
Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères - UMR 7610, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - UPMC & CNRS,<br />
Paris, France; Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky<br />
Prospekt, Moscow 119991, Russia<br />
Interchange reactions in polyester randomization and cyclization: Role of endgroups and catalyst<br />
The Ti(OBu)4-catalyzed high temperature bulk reaction between epsilon-caprolactone (CL) and a series of PET with<br />
various OH end-group content was used to investigate copolyester randomization kinetics. The results fit with a<br />
mechanism involving two second-order parallel reactions: A slow ester-TiOR interchange and a rapid Ti-catalyzed<br />
ester-OH interchange. The ester–TiOR reaction can take place in the absence of OH groups and is there<strong>for</strong>e<br />
involved in the so-called "ester-ester" interchanges. Both interchanges result in the randomization of the blockcopolymer<br />
<strong>for</strong>med in the early stages of reaction. Ester-ester interchanges were found to be much slower than OHester<br />
interchanges and reaction rate was almost proportional to OH concentration. Even in the case of high-MW PET<br />
the contribution of the ester-OH reaction was predominant over the ester-ester one. This clearly shows that endgroup<br />
concentration is a most important parameter, which must be taken into account to control interchanges in<br />
polyester melt blending. A similar mechanism was applied to the high temperature ring-<strong>for</strong>ming depolymerization<br />
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Lectures in sessions/BALLROOM 1<br />
of aliphatic polyesters, either in dilute solution or under vacuum, in the bulk. The complex influence of catalyst<br />
concentration was also studied and will be discussed.<br />
IL-27 H. Ritter<br />
Institute <strong>for</strong> Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf,<br />
Universitaetsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany<br />
Suprastructures via cyclodextrin mediated host guest interactions<br />
In recent years, we studied the radical polymerization of various vinylmonomers in water using cyclodextrin as<br />
hydrophilic host component. Normally, the hydrophobic part of the monomer molecule is included in the more<br />
hydrophobic cyclodextrin cavity yielding completely water soluble polymerizable complexes. The present lecture<br />
deals with our results about modification of polymers, nanoparticles and dendrimers with cyclodextrin via Click<br />
Chemistry.<br />
L-46 M. Bednarek, M. Baśko, F. Du Prez, L. Billiet, P. Kubisa, E. Goethals<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112,<br />
90-362 Lodz, Poland<br />
Functionalized polyurethanes obtained by combining cationic ring opening polymerization and click chemistry<br />
Alkyne functionalized polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) diols were obtained by the cationic ring-opening<br />
copolymerization of THF and glycidyl propargyl ether (GPE) with participation of Activated Monomer (AM)<br />
mechanism. The cationic copolymerization was per<strong>for</strong>med in the presence of the 1.4-butandiol as initiator and<br />
protonic acid as catalyst. By changing the ratio of monomers and a diol concentration, PTHFs with Mn in the range<br />
between about 1 and 10 kDa and with different ratio of THF to GPE units (from 3 to 10) and thus different content<br />
of pendant alkyne groups were obtained. These PTHF prepolymers were applied <strong>for</strong> the synthesis of polyurethanes<br />
with latent functionalization sites, which were subsequently coupled with functional azides e.g. with phosphonium<br />
ion containing azide introducing antibacterial properties, by the azide-alkyne “click” chemistry. 1H NMR analysis<br />
indicated the high efficiency of the “click” reaction as a method of introducing functional groups to PU chain.<br />
L-47 G. Rydzek, L. Jierry, A. Parat, B. Senger, A. Ponche, B. Frisch, J.-C. Voegel, P. Schaaf, F. Boulmedais<br />
Charles Sadron Institute CNRS UPR 22, University of Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg,<br />
France, INSERM UMR 977, University of Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann 67000 Strasbourg, France<br />
Electrochemically triggered morphogen driven assembly: from a step by step to a one pot process<br />
In nature, the <strong>for</strong>mation of complex morphologies is often driven by morphogenetic fields which originate from the<br />
<strong>for</strong>mation and diffusion of chemical compounds that induce specific cellular responses. This concept has been<br />
mimed to obtain morphogen driven film buildup. The assemblies were self-constructed through the Huisgen-<br />
Sharpless Cu(I) catalyzed click-reaction where an azide reacts with an alkyne under the presence of Cu(I) giving a<br />
triazole group. Cu(I) which plays the role of morphogen, is generated at an electrode by electrochemical reduction<br />
of the Cu(II) present in solution. These Cu(I) ions then diffuse from the electrode towards the solution and locally<br />
induce the click-reaction. This process was first illustrated with a layer-by-layer buildup of polymeric films. The<br />
construction is obtained by alternated deposition of polymers bearing azide and polymers bearing alkyne groups<br />
while a reductive potential is applied at the electrode. The film buildup consist on the <strong>for</strong>mation of covalent bond<br />
between polymers chain. The evolution of the construction is followed through electrochemical- quartz crystal<br />
microbalance technique (EC-QCM) which allows simultaneously per<strong>for</strong>ming electrochemical reactions and<br />
following the mass deposited on the electrode.<br />
L-48 P. Korniychuk, P. Uznański, A. Tracz, H. Anderson<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, PAS, Lodz, Poland<br />
Fluorescence and morphology of neat and rotaxinated poly(4,4’-diphenylene vinylene) in various states of<br />
aggregation<br />
Highly luminescent poly(4,4’-diphenylene vinylene) (PDV) with sulfonated side groups is intensely studied as a<br />
model system <strong>for</strong> understanding the influence of inter and intrachain interactions on optoelectronic properties of<br />
conjugated organic semiconductors. Insulation at a molecular level suppresses the intermolecular interactions that<br />
control the aggregation ability i.e. effectiveness of <strong>for</strong>mation of excited states delocalized over more than one<br />
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Lectures in sessions/BALLROOM 1<br />
molecule and thus the photoluminescence properties can be controlled. It has been shown that threading through<br />
cyclodextrin rings (rotaxination), wrapping with polysaccharides, mixing with polyethylene oxide or changing the<br />
counter ion , are effective strategies leading to a blue shift of PDV emission. In this work we show new examples of<br />
tuning the PDV time integrated photoluminescence by controlling the preparation and structure of various systems:<br />
from solutions to solid layers. Finally we present the first investigations of PDV and rotaxinated analog highly<br />
aligned in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. Moderately stretched PVA films containing 0.004 - 0.5 wt.% of PDV<br />
exhibit highly polarized emission. Emission <strong>for</strong> excitation and detection polarizations parallel to the alignment<br />
direction is 150 times higher than emission <strong>for</strong> excitation and detection perpendicular to the alignment direction.<br />
The films can be used as polarizing filters <strong>for</strong> LED devices.<br />
Tuesday, October 04, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: Progress in Basic Polymer Science<br />
Room: BALLROOM 1<br />
IL-28 B. L. Rivas<br />
Polymer Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile<br />
Functional polymers with ability to remove ion species with environmental impact<br />
To face the problem of separation of ions bound to the polymer and non-bound, one of the most promising<br />
techniques used is the application of separation methods based on membrane processes (1-3). Membrane filtration<br />
easily allows this separation by means of the method known as the liquid-phase polymer-based retention (LPR)<br />
technique. Applications of water-soluble polymers, WSP, to the homogeneous enrichment or selective separation of<br />
various metal ions from dilute solutions have been reported. Ultrafiltration is found as the most suitable technique<br />
<strong>for</strong> LPR studies. To be used in homogeneous ions recovery, the appropriate water-soluble polymers may present<br />
high solubility in water, and easy and cheap route of synthesis, an adequate molecular weight and molecular weight<br />
distribution, chemical stability, high affinity <strong>for</strong> one or more metal ions, and selectivity <strong>for</strong> the metal ion of interest.<br />
All the polymers are synthesized by radical polymerization, purified by membrane filtration, and characterized by<br />
FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The molecular weight is determined by GPC.<br />
IL-29 S. H. Anastasiadis<br />
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation <strong>for</strong> Research and Technology – Hellas, 711 10<br />
Heraklion Crete, Greece; Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 710 03 Heraklion Crete, Greece<br />
Smart polymer-functionalized surfaces: from superhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity and water repellence<br />
We report a methodology <strong>for</strong> creating functionally responsive surfaces by irradiating silicon wafers with<br />
femtosecond laser pulses and subsequently coating them with different types of functional con<strong>for</strong>mal coatings. Such<br />
surfaces exhibit controlled hierarchical roughness at the micro- and the nano-scale, which mimics the surface texture<br />
of water repellent natural surfaces. When a simple alkylsilane coating is utilized, highly water repellent surfaces are<br />
produced that quantitatively compare to those of the Lotus leaf.<br />
IL-30 Majda Žigon, Alojz Anžlovar, O. Z. Crnjak<br />
National Institute of Slovenia, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Center of excellence PoliMaT,<br />
Tehnološki park 24, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Polymer Technology College, Pod gradom 4, 2380 Slovenj<br />
Gradec<br />
UV-Absorbing zinc oxide/poly(methyl-methacrylate) nanocomposites with enhanced thermal properties<br />
It is known that organic-inorganic composites possess improved properties in comparison to pure polymers, such as<br />
better optical properties, thermal stability, chemical resistance, mechanical properties, flame-retardancy etc. The<br />
preferences in using ZnO in polymeric nanocomposites are high transparency of the polymeric matrix in visible<br />
spectral region as well as its UV-absorption. Development of simple procedures <strong>for</strong> the production of transparent<br />
UV-protective coatings or the preparation of transparent plates still represents a great scientific challenge regarding<br />
full compatibility of ZnO nanoparticles with the polymeric matrix. Namely, small particles typically aggregate, thus<br />
nullifying any benefits of nanoscopic dimensions. The particles are there<strong>for</strong>e frequently surface-modified or<br />
compounded in the polymer in presence of surfactants. We first synthesized ZnO nanoparticles with organophilic<br />
surface in various diols (ethylene glycol, EG, 1,2-propanediol, PD, 1,4-butanediol, BD and tetraethylene glycol,<br />
TEG) without and with p-toluenesulfonic acid, p-TsOH, as an end capping agent. The addition of p-TsOH reduces<br />
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Lectures in sessions/BALLROOM 1<br />
the ZnO particle size and increases its crystallite size. With increasing diol main chain length the ZnO particle size<br />
increases as well, from 32 to 86 nm. The nanocomposites with poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix (PMMA) have<br />
been prepared by the in-situ bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of the as-synthesized ZnO<br />
nanoparticles.<br />
IL-31 Y. Yagci, B. Kiskan<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak 34469, Istanbul Turkey<br />
Macromolecular design <strong>for</strong> the preparation of polybenzoxazine based high per<strong>for</strong>mance thermosets<br />
In this presentation, macromolecular design involving combination of several polycondensation processes such as<br />
polyesterification, hydrosilylation and coupling reactions with the benzoxazine chemistry will be described. Each<br />
individual synthetic procedure applied <strong>for</strong> the particular polymer will be discussed. In general, two main strategies<br />
were employed; (a) introduction of suitable functional groups on benzoxazines <strong>for</strong> the subsequent polymerization<br />
and (b) per<strong>for</strong>ming polymers possessing amine or phenolic functionalities followed by conventional benzoxazine<br />
ring closure reaction. In addition, the thermal curing properties of the obtained polymers together with the thermal<br />
and mechanical properties of the resulting thermosettings will be presented.<br />
L-49 S. Kawahara, K. Akabori, Y. Yoshimasa<br />
Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan<br />
Mechanical properties of polymer with nanomatrix structure<br />
Mechanical properties of natural rubber with nanomatrix structure were investigated with respect to primary and<br />
higher order structures of the nanomatrix. The natural rubber with nanomatrix structure was pared by graft<br />
copolymerization of styrene onto natural rubber followed by coagulation of the grafted natural rubber latex.<br />
Products were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The natural rubber<br />
particles of about 1 µm in diameter were well dispersed into the sulfonated polystyrene matrix of about 15 - 80 nm<br />
in thickness. Storage modulus of natural rubber increased dramatically after the <strong>for</strong>mation of the nanomatrix<br />
structure. The outstanding mechanical properties were associated with the <strong>for</strong>mation of the nanomatrix structure.<br />
L-50 A. Pawlak<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland<br />
Cavitation during plastic de<strong>for</strong>mation of semicrystalline polymers<br />
The cavitation phenomenon is important, but still poorly recognized element of plastic de<strong>for</strong>mation process. Cavities<br />
(voids) are observed in stretched semicrystalline polymers. The cavitation process may be detected by scattering<br />
techniques. The <strong>for</strong>mation of cavities usually occur at the beginning of plastic de<strong>for</strong>mation. The voids are <strong>for</strong>med<br />
inside the amorphous phase, between crystalline lamellae, so their shape and size depend on the changes in vicinity<br />
during de<strong>for</strong>mation. Our previous studies showed that the process of cavitation does not occur if the crystalline<br />
elements are small and defected. The yield stress of crystalline phase is then lower than the break stress of<br />
amorphous matrix. The relation between these stresses may be changed by controlling of crystallization process.<br />
The occurrence of cavitation depends also on the de<strong>for</strong>mation conditions, among them on the temperature. The<br />
cavitation plays important role in de<strong>for</strong>mation process. It is visible in macro scale as decreasing of yield stress at<br />
tension when compared with yield stress at compression and in micro scale as a more intensive lamellar<br />
fragmentation, detected by wide angle X-ray scattering. The supporting thermovision studies show that the amount<br />
of heat generated during plastic de<strong>for</strong>mation is larger in cavitating samples.<br />
L-51 G. Lapienis<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112,<br />
90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Synthesis and characterization of star-shaped polymers containing hyperbranched core built from diepoxides<br />
A new method of the synthesis of star-shaped PEO macromolecules with a highly branched core, using anionic<br />
polymerization, has been developed. One-pot procedure was applied. The presented procedure could be applied to<br />
any linear precursor containing hydroxy end-groups and there<strong>for</strong>e seems to be one of the most versatile methods of<br />
star-shaped polymer synthesis, comparable with DVB method developed by Rempp and others <strong>for</strong> vinyl polymers.<br />
50
L-52 R. Pyrz<br />
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Aalborg University, Fibigerstraede 16, 9220<br />
Aalborg East, Denmark<br />
Molecular models of clay nanocomposites<br />
In the present work, the density functional simulations (DFT) have been used to calculate elastic properties of<br />
montmorillonite clay platelets. A fully populated stiffness tensor has been calculated and all orthotropic elastic<br />
constants, <strong>for</strong> a first time, have been derived. The same model system and simulation parameters were used to<br />
predict Raman spectra which favourably compare with experimental data thus indirectly confirming reliability of the<br />
elastic constants´ calculation. A similar strategy has been used to predict interfacial properties in clay/polypropylene<br />
nanocomposites. The influence of different organomodifying species on the interfacial bonding and their impact on<br />
the constrained region surrounding the clay have been determined running molecular dynamic simulations with<br />
appropriately selected <strong>for</strong>ce field. Verification of the interface model and <strong>for</strong>ce field parameters has been made by<br />
calculating infrared spectra and clay platelets distances in the gallery. Both quantities resemble very closely<br />
experimental results from X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic measurements.<br />
L-53 A. Kowalewska, M. Handke, B. Handke, W. Jastrzębski<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies; Polish Academy of Sciences; Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz,<br />
Poland<br />
Porous silica materials prepared from macromeric siloxane precursors<br />
A new approach <strong>for</strong> to the preparation of tailor-made porous silica-based hybrid materials is presented. Porous<br />
hybrid materials were obtained via cross-linking of side alkoxysilyl groups that were distributed along the main<br />
chain of siloxane macromers. It was found that the structural parameters of the cross-linked materials could vary to a<br />
large extent depending on the catalyst, the way alkoxysilyl groups were attached to the siloxane chains and the<br />
thermal work-up of samples.<br />
L-54 A. Voelkel, K. Adamska, B. Strzemiecka<br />
Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, pl. M. Sklodowskiej-<br />
Curie 2, 60-965 Poznan, Poland<br />
Inverse gas chromatography in the examination of bulk properties of polymers<br />
Inverse gas chromatography method is widely used <strong>for</strong> characterization of polymers and polymer blends,<br />
surfactants, biopolymers, solid food, petroleum pitches. In this method an investigated material is placed in a<br />
column and characterized by using volatile probes of known properties being carried by a mobile phase.<br />
The retention data of number of carefully selected test solutes are used to calculate Flory-Huggins interaction<br />
∞<br />
parameter ( χ ) and solubility parameter ( δ 2 ), Hansen solubility parameter ( δ T ) and its components<br />
1,<br />
2<br />
Lectures in sessions/BALLROOM 1<br />
( δ d , δ p , δ h ) by using different procedures. The influence of different values of test solutes solubility parameter<br />
( δ 1 ) over calculated values was estimated. The solubility parameter values obtained <strong>for</strong> all excipients from the<br />
slope, from Guillet and co-workers’ procedure are higher than that obtained from components according Voelkel<br />
and Janas procedure.<br />
Wednesday, October 05, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Session: Progress in Basic Polymer Science<br />
Room: BALLROOM 1<br />
IL-30 M.Pastorczak, M.Kozanecki, A. Opasińska, K. Krysiak, S. Kadłubowski, J. Rosiak, J. A.Yoon, K.<br />
Matyjaszewski, T. Kowalewski, J. Ulanski<br />
Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland<br />
Raman spectroscopy - a powerful tool <strong>for</strong> analysis of phase transitions in polymer hydrogels<br />
Suitability of Raman spectroscopy as a tool <strong>for</strong> analysis of mechanisms of various physical processes observed in<br />
thermo-responsive hydrogels such as water pre-melting at sub-zero temperatures, volume phase transition (VPT), or<br />
51
induced by the VPT crystallisation of additives included in the gel is demonstrated. Two classes of hydrogels were<br />
investigated: hydrogels produced by electron beam induced crosslinking of poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) and 2-<br />
(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate (MEO2MA). The changes of hydration of polymer network at sub-zero<br />
temperatures were determined and correlation between the molecular dynamics of polymer network (investigated by<br />
the broad band dielectric spectroscopy) and the pre-melting phenomena was analysed. Influence of polymer network<br />
morphology (crosslinking degree, presence of dangling chains) on the kinetic of the VPT was investigated. Effect of<br />
crystallisation of ibuprofen sodium salt induced by VPT in the model systems based on the PVME hydrogels was<br />
analysed.<br />
L-55 B.-M. Nada, G. Régnier<br />
Arts et Métiers ParisTech, PIMM, CNRS, Paris, France<br />
Crystalline orientation and morphology of microinjection molded semicrystalline polymers<br />
Two semicrystalline polymers were microinjected, a high density polyethylene and a polyamide 12 in plaque<br />
cavities having thicknesses of 0.3 and 0.5 mm. Analyses obtained by optical microscopy show that the crystalline<br />
morphologies vary between micro- and macro- parts. While a complex morphology is present <strong>for</strong> macroparts, the<br />
µpart exhibits a specific skin-core morphology. The X-ray scattering at small angles (SAXS) studies show high<br />
lamellae orientation, but in the same range as in macroparts.<br />
L-56 B. Strzemiecka, A. Voelkel, M. Kwiatkowska, P. Giersz<br />
Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, pl. M. Sklodowskiej-<br />
Curie 2, 60-965 Poznan, Poland<br />
Durable fragrant composition based on phenolic resin<br />
Lectures in sessions/BALLROOM 1<br />
Encapsulation is an important process in pharmaceutical, food, textile and cosmetic industry. Encapsulation is a way<br />
of protection of the unstable compounds or their control release. These labile compounds are e.g. active compounds<br />
in medicine, fragrant compounds. Recently, new methods of encapsulation were discovered giving many<br />
possibilities and perspectives <strong>for</strong> modern, advanced technology, especially in food, cosmetic, agricultural and textile<br />
industry. Odour is one of the most important aspect of human life. Fragrant compounds are mostly unstable. They<br />
are sensitive to light, heat and other environmental factors and they are also readily volatile. Due to these reasons<br />
fragrant compounds must be added to some products in protected <strong>for</strong>m. This is extremely important in case of<br />
products manufactured and used at high temperature. Sensitive, unstable fragrant compounds are separated from<br />
unfavourable atmospheric factors by encapsulation.<br />
L-57 M.-D. Damaceanu, D.-R. Rusu, M. Bruma<br />
"Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi-700487,<br />
Romania<br />
Photo-optical and electrochemical behavior of polyimides containing perylene and oxadiazole chromophores<br />
Perylenediimides represent one of the most important n-type semiconductor organic materials, providing prospects<br />
<strong>for</strong> applications in organic photovoltaic devices, electrophotography, artificial light-harvesting complexes, solar<br />
cells, field-effect transistors and light-emitting diodes. Design and preparation of soluble poly(peryleneimide)s, to<br />
give satisfactory processability of products without a perceptible loss of favourable properties, is an important<br />
problem in the chemistry of high per<strong>for</strong>mance polymers. In order to improve the solubility of perylene-containing<br />
polyimides, novel copolymers have been designed and synthesized by introducing flexible hexafluoroisopropylidene<br />
and ether groups together with oxadiazole rings in the main chain.<br />
These polyimides were prepared by one-step solution polycondensation reaction at high temperatures of an aromatic<br />
diamine containing oxadiazole ring with a mixture of perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and<br />
hexafluoroisopropylidene-diphthalic dianhydride. The completion of imidization was confirmed by FT-IR analyses.<br />
These copoly(peryleneimide)s posses good solubility in NMP and can be processed into thin and tough flexible<br />
films having the thickness in the range of tens of micrometers. SEM, AFM and WAXD data showed the π stacking<br />
rods of copolyimides in thin films. The very thin films deposited on glass plates by spin-coating with thickness in<br />
the range of nanometres are smooth and homogeneous, without cracks or pinholes, and are self-organized into<br />
vertically segregated structures.<br />
52
Lectures in sessions/BALLROOM 1<br />
L-58 P. Gilormini, J. Diani, C. Frédy, I. Rousseau<br />
Laboratoire PIMM, CNRS, Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Paris, France<br />
Testing and simulating the shape memory effect of an epoxy resin in torsion<br />
Interest is growing very rapidly <strong>for</strong> using the shape memory effect exhibited by polymers. Numerous applications<br />
are being explored, which require the development of polymers with new compositions and structures, with new<br />
challenges to be faced. Modeling the thermomechanical behavior of these materials is required to allow their<br />
adequate design <strong>for</strong> the targeted applications (e.g., stents). For the purpose of this study an original torsion test was<br />
per<strong>for</strong>med on a shape memory epoxy. Dynamic mechanical analysis was used to evaluate quantitatively the<br />
viscoelastic behavior of the epoxy resin either under specific time/frequency or temperature conditions, and the<br />
time-temperature dependent viscoelastic parameters were implemented into a generalized Maxwell model. Because<br />
the above features are standard features of the Abaqus/FEA software code, the simulation of the torsion test could be<br />
per<strong>for</strong>med readily, and a very good agreement was observed with the experimental data. Similar conclusions were<br />
drawn from interrupted heating ramps and subsequent isothermal recovery at intermediate temperatures. These<br />
results demonstrate that accurate and precise predictions of the shape recovery of amorphous polymer networks can<br />
be obtained simply and solely by considering standard material viscoelasticity and time-temperature superposition<br />
principle.<br />
L-59 K. Jurczuk, E. Piorkowska, A. Galeski<br />
Department of Polymer Physics, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of<br />
Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Polymer nanocomposites with fibrillar nanoinclusions generated during compounding<br />
Promising new systems of thermoplastic matrices and poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) nanofibers were sough.<br />
High viscosity polypropylene (PP), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE),<br />
polystyrene (PS) and PTFE powder having different melting temperatures (324-345 o C) and degree of crystallinity<br />
(84-93%) were used as raw materials <strong>for</strong> preparation of the nanocomposites. Compositions containing 3, 5 and 7<br />
%wt of PTFE powder were prepared by melt-blending at various protocols. During compounding at 170 o C (LDPE,<br />
HPDE and PS matrices) and 200 o C (PP matrix), fibrillation of virgin (solid) PTFE particles takes place leading to<br />
nanofibers. As–polymerized poly(tetrafluoroethylene) can be readily de<strong>for</strong>med below its melting temperature, even<br />
under modest shear, however, this phenomenon appears if the melting temperature of PTFE crystals exceeds their an<br />
equilibrium melting temperature (332 o C). SEM studies reveal a plentitude of tens of micrometer long PTFE<br />
nanofibers, having the thickness above 10nm, homogeneously dispersed in thermoplastic matrix. Tensile mechanical<br />
properties of compositions containing PTFE nanofibers are improved in comparison with neat polymers. In addition,<br />
Izod impact strength is significantly increased. Melt elongation experiments revealed multifold increase of the<br />
nanocomposites melt strength and strong increase of the elongational viscosity from a linear viscoelastic response<br />
(LVE).<br />
53
SHORT ABSTRACTS<br />
Posters<br />
55
Monday, October 03, <strong>2011</strong><br />
Room: BALLROOM 2<br />
18:30-20:30<br />
P-01 S. Sergeeva, S. Khechoyan, N. Tavakalyan, A. Hovsepyan<br />
Yerevan Institute “Plastpolymer”, 127, Arshakunyats av., 0007, Yerevan, Armenia<br />
Preparation and application of new superabsorbent polymers<br />
Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are of great interest <strong>for</strong> their practical application as an effective absorbent of<br />
humidity in agricultural engineering, in particular: hydroponics. The application of “87C” polymer have shown to<br />
intensity the growth of plants, increase the efficiency of using water and crop capacity of plants under conditions of<br />
open air hydroponic. New film SAPs <strong>for</strong> agriculture applications were <strong>for</strong>med from copolymerized vinyl acetate and<br />
acrylic acid cross-linked with a polyfunctional reactant. The swelling capacity was studied in SAPs, in particular:<br />
(i) effect of cross-linking; (ii) effect of neutralization; (iii) effects of ions; and (iv) effects of temperature on swelling<br />
capacity. The swelling properties of the polymers were investigated in various solvents: deionised water, saline<br />
solution. The SAPs films were like “ordinary” isotropic hydrogels. The supersorbent is able to absorb from 400 to<br />
600 times its original weight in water. The swelling of film SAPs shows temperature dependence and shape memory<br />
effects. The comparative swelling of polymer films in an abundant amount of liquid and in conditions of spatial<br />
restrictions was studied. The presence of spatial restrictions leads to non-isotropic de<strong>for</strong>mation of network in case of<br />
swelling and the sizes depend on geometry of swelling.<br />
P-02 N. Tavakalyan, Y. Nahapetyan, S. Gylmisaryan, P. Voskanyan<br />
Yerevan Institute “Plastpolymer”, 127, Arshakunyats av., 0007, Yerevan, Armenia<br />
Polymer hydrogels based on ammonium acrylate<br />
The ability of polymer gels to absorb and then to release the liquid is widely used in many modern technologies, <strong>for</strong><br />
instance, in biotechnology, medicine and pharmacology, agriculture, etc. Today’s polymer gels are made from<br />
partially neutralized, lightly cross-linked poly (acrylic acid). The combination of high degree swelling and good<br />
mechanical properties is required <strong>for</strong> use of acrylate gels in practice. Elaboration of composite materials is one of<br />
possible solutions of this challenge. Composite polymer hydrogels containing an inorganic phase are of special<br />
interest. In presence of ammonia/ammonium persulfate redox system hydrogels with high water-absorbtion<br />
coefficients were obtained. Ammonium acrylate hydrogels are <strong>for</strong>med from polymerized acrylic acid without<br />
application of cross-linking agents. Acrylic acid polymerization is accompanied by sharp temperature rise with<br />
simultaneous increase in the reaction mixture volume and <strong>for</strong>mation of transparent gel. Ammonium acrylate gel<br />
swelling depends on: (i) ration of ammonia/ammonium persulfate, (ii) solution, (iii) temperature and pH of medium.<br />
P-03 A. Kowalski, P. Lewiński, J. Libiszowski, A. Duda S. Penczek<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
New class of organic initiators <strong>for</strong> living polymerizations of lactide<br />
We have introduced recently a new class of compounds, namely strong organic bases <strong>for</strong> example (adenine,<br />
imidazole, histamine derivatives) containing –OH or –NH2 groups. These compounds are in the same time catalysts<br />
and initiators (“catalini”) becoming finally end-groups of the resulting macromolecules. These organic initiators,<br />
used in polymerizations of cyclic esters, provide both molecular weight control and narrow dispersity index.<br />
P-04 M. Kowalczyk, M. Pluta, E. Piórkowska<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Plasticization of polylactide with block copolymers of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol<br />
In the study plasticization of PLA with PEG-PPG-PEG triblock copolymers was examined. Two different<br />
copolymers were utilized, with molecular weight of 1100 and 1900 g mol-1, and with PEG contents of 10 and 50<br />
wt.%, respectively. A PPG plasticizer with molecular weight of 1000 g mol-1, close to that of PPG block in the<br />
copolymers, was also used <strong>for</strong> comparison. Melt blends containing 10 and 15 wt.% of the plasticizers were prepared.<br />
Thermal properties, mechanical properties and structure of quenched and annealed films of the blends were studied.<br />
The crystallization driven phase separation occurred in all the annealed blends but led to different structures<br />
depending on the plasticizer used. Distinct inclusions of the plasticizer were visible under the scanning electron<br />
56
microscope only in PLA with PPG but not in the blends of PLA with the copolymers. The drawability of the<br />
plasticized systems was improved as compared with neat PLA. In the quenched and annealed blends elongations at<br />
break at the level of 5 and 0.7, respectively, were reached.<br />
P-05 K. Kaluzynski, J. Pretula<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
The first linear polymers with bisphosphonate units in the main chain<br />
The alternating copolymer with bisphosphonic acid units and units with free hydroxyl groups was obtained by<br />
copolymerization of tetraethyl vinylidene phosphonate with vinyl acetate and subsequent hydrolysis of the product.<br />
P-06 M. Gosecki, S. Slomkowski, M. Gadzinowski, J. Kazmierczak<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Amino derivatives of homopolymers of glycidol and block copolymers of glycidol and ethylene oxide<br />
A series of linear polyglycidols and poly[glycidol-b-(ethylene oxide)]s of various molecular weight was synthesized<br />
by anionic, ring opening polymerization of ethoxyethyl glycidyl ether (protected glycidol) and ethylene oxide<br />
respectively, using potassium tert-butanolate as an initiator. After deprotection of hydroxyl groups, polymers where<br />
modified in order to obtain their derivatives with amine (primary and tertiary) and quaternary ammonium groups.<br />
Primary amine derivatives were obtained by method described by Vidya Sagar Reddy et al. Briefly, hydroxyl groups<br />
are converted to amines in one pot process which combines Appel’s reaction of alcohols with carbon tetrachloride in<br />
presence of triphenylphosphine (TPP), nucleophilic substitution of chlorine with azdie group and Staudinger’s azide<br />
reduction in presence of TPP. <strong>Polymers</strong> with tertiary amine and quaternary ammonium groups were obtained by<br />
reaction of base polymers with 2,3-epoxypropyldiethylamine and glycidyl trimethylammonium chloride<br />
respectively. Molecular weights and degrees of substitution were determined by 1H NMR analysis. <strong>Polymers</strong> where<br />
tested on their biocompatibility I.E. their cytotoxicity was examined.<br />
P-07 M. Mazurek, I. Steinborn-Rogulska, G. Rokicki<br />
Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland<br />
Synthesis of oligo(oxyethylene/oxypropylene-alkylene carbonate)s - polylactide impact strength modifiers<br />
It is known that poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or their block copolymers effectively<br />
improves mechanical properties of PLA. Our preliminary studies showed, that elongation at brake of the modified<br />
PLA reaches more than 50% when block copolymer of PEG (Mn = 1000) and tetramethylene carbonate was used as<br />
a plasticizer. One of the methods of obtaining oxyethylene or oxypropylene co-oligomers is reaction between fivemembered<br />
cyclic carbonate and aliphatic diol. That is why we have per<strong>for</strong>med studies on the synthesis of<br />
oligo(oxyethylene/oxypropylene-alkylene carbonate)s in which block co-oligomers are synthesized in situ. In this<br />
study we have optimized the synthesis of aliphatic oligocarbonates and oligo(oxyethylene/oxypropylene-alkylene<br />
carbonate)s in the reaction of ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate with diols (1,6-hexanediol and 1,4butanediol)<br />
in the presence of various catalysts: Bu2SnO, Ti(OBu)4, K2CO3, NaCl, Sn(Oct)2, zirconium(IV)<br />
acetylacetonate. Molecular weight and content of oxyethylene and oxypropylene fragments in the obtained products<br />
were estimated using 1H NMR spectroscopy. It was indicated that oligoether fragment contents depend on reaction<br />
temperature and catalyst used.<br />
Project co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund under Operation Programme Innovative<br />
Economy – BIOPOL POIG.01.01.02-10-025/09<br />
P-08 I. Steinborn-Rogulska, T. Bruliński, M. Mazurek, G. Rokicki<br />
Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland<br />
Oligocarbonates and their block co-oligomers as a new plasticizers <strong>for</strong> polylactide<br />
In the communication we have presented the influence of the presence of aliphatic oligocarbonates and their block<br />
co-oligomers with PEG or ethyl lactate on mechanical properties of PLA blends. Oligocarbonates were prepared in<br />
the reaction of dimethyl carbonate with diols using Ti(OBu)4 as a catalyst. It was found that the tensile strength of<br />
PLA blends decreased with increasing amount of oligocarbonates or co-oligocarbonates in the polymer mixture,<br />
whereas the elongation at break highly increased. Thus, amorphous samples containing oligo(tetramethylene<br />
57
carbonate) (Mn = 8 000) are characterized by the lowest tensile strength values (11-17 MPa) and the highest values<br />
of the elongation at break (100-180%) <strong>for</strong> 10 and 30wt.% of modifier, respectively. It should be emphasize that<br />
samples crystallized at 100 ºC indicated lower elongation at break (40-60%) and higher tensile strength (17-27<br />
MPa). These preliminary results indicate that aliphatic oligocarbonates can be used as polylactide plasticizers.<br />
Project co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund under Operation Programme Innovative<br />
Economy – BIOPOL POIG.01.01.02-10-025/09<br />
P-09 A. Kundys, Z. Florjańczyk, A. Plichta, P. Parzuchowski, E. Wawrzyńska, P. Lisowska, A. Zychewicz, M.<br />
Dębowski<br />
Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Division of Polymer Chemistry and Technology,<br />
ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland<br />
Synthesis of L-lactide block copolymer with hyperbranched polyglycerols core<br />
The aim of our work was to use hyperbranched polyglycerols (PG) with 13 hydroxyl groups (Mn=870g/mol) as<br />
initiators <strong>for</strong> ring-opening polymerizations of L-lactide. We characterized the structure of PG by the reaction with 2bromoisobutyryl<br />
bromide. It permitted to determine the ratio of primary to secondary hydroxyl groups in PG which<br />
was 3:2. The polymerization reaction of lactide was carried out at 180°C <strong>for</strong> 3hrs. Molecular weight of the resulting<br />
multi-arm star detected by 1HNMR was 120700g/mol and GPC traces were monomodal and showed Mn=18700 and<br />
PDI=2.4. Moreover, we exchanged all the hydroxyl groups at the end of each arm to the primary ones by the<br />
reaction the PG initiator with ethylene carbonate (EC) in the presence of K2CO3 as a catalyst. The obtained mixture<br />
we used in the ROP of ε-caprolactone. The reaction was carried out at 170°C <strong>for</strong> 4hrs. We obtained a mixture of a<br />
multi-arm star and liner PCL initiated with glycol. The star structure was confirmed by means of 1HNMR, which<br />
showed a branched polyether core linked to PCL arms. We also attempted to determine the miscibility of PG and<br />
PLA blocks using the solubility parameter. The value <strong>for</strong> PLA was 20.69 MPa0.5, while <strong>for</strong> PG it was 19.52<br />
Mpa0.5-.<br />
The thesis was partially realized as a part of Innovative Economy project number POIG.01.01.02-10-025/09<br />
BIOPOL entitled “Technology to produce biodegradable polyesters using renewable raw materials”. The project<br />
was financially supported by European Union-European Fund of Regional Development.<br />
P-10 A. Sionkowska, J. Kozłowska<br />
Faculty of Chemistry, Biopolymer Research Group, Nicolaus Copernicus University,Toruń, 87-100, Poland<br />
Synthesis and characterization of biocomposites with different hydroxyapatite–collagen ratios<br />
Collagen (Col) is the most abundant biopolymer in animals and it possesses many interesting properties, e.g.<br />
biocompatibility, non-antigenecity, non-toxicity. For this reason, collagen is regarded as one of the most useful<br />
natural biomaterials. In present study, a porous composite matrix of collagen and hydroxyapatite (HAp) was<br />
prepared by a freeze-drying technique. For the good mechanical stability of the collagen/HAp matrix, the<br />
dehydrothermal treatment was used as a cross-linking agent. Freeze drying of collagen and HAp/Col blends leads to<br />
porous three-dimensional sponge. All HAp/Col scaffolds were highly porous and interconnected. The<br />
microstructure, pore size, water uptake, porosity and dissolution of scaffolds were examined after cross-linking.<br />
P-11 K. Krysiak, M. Kozanecki, K. Koynov, M. Pastorczak, S. Kadlubowski<br />
Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland<br />
Influence of environmental conditions on release of biologically active agents from thermo-responsive hydrogels of<br />
poly(vinylmethylether)<br />
Poly(vinylmethylether) (PVME) is an example of thermo-responsive polymer exhibiting Lower Critical Solution<br />
Temperature (LCST) in water. Over the LCST polymer-polymer interactions become predominant, while polymerwater<br />
H-bonds break down resulting in reversible phase separation. In a case of covalently bonded polymer network<br />
LCST is manifested as Volume Phase Transition (VPT) and macroscopically, gel collapses.<br />
Hydrogels obtained by electron beam induced crosslinking of PVME are an object of presented investigations. The<br />
crosslinking degree was controlled by choice of suitable dose. In order to introduce various amount of biologically<br />
active substance into the gel, small piece of fully swollen gel were sunk in aqueous solutions of (S)-ibuprofen<br />
sodium salt differing on concentration. Release profiles were determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy using a band with<br />
maximum at 265 nm and characteristic <strong>for</strong> ibuprofen as an analytical band.<br />
58
P-12 J. Komasa, A. Miłek, S. Kadłubowski, P. Ulański, J. M. Rosiak<br />
Technical University of Lodz, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Wróblewskiego 15, 93-590 Łódź,<br />
Poland<br />
Grafting of thermosensitive polymethacrylate onto polypropylene films by pre-irradiation method<br />
Burn wounds are one of the most frequently occurring injuries. This kind of wound is a serious problem, not only<br />
because of its high happening frequency, but also due to the complications arising during its healing. Many<br />
conventional treatments of burn wounds are costly, slow and not very effective. Nowadays we can observe a fast<br />
progress of knowledge about processes occurring in wound and ways of healing it. Skin grafts are considered to be<br />
one of the best solutions; however, cell culture procedures used to obtain large surface grafts have still to be<br />
optimized. A persisting problem is how to detach the grown skin sheet from the substrate without causing excessive<br />
damage to the product. One of possible solutions is to use substrates with thermo-sensitive surfaces. The latter are<br />
currently recognized as valuable new materials with novel properties relevant <strong>for</strong> biomedical research fields such as<br />
artificial organs, biofunctional materials, drug delivery systems, separations of biomolecules and regenerative<br />
medicine.<br />
P-13 V. Proks, J. Jaroš, O. Pop-Georgievski, J. Kučka, S. Popelka, A. Hampl, F. Rypáček<br />
Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic,, v.v.i,, Heyrovsky sq.<br />
2, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic<br />
“Click & seed” approach to the biomimetic modification of material surfaces<br />
The control of the cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation is crucial to various tissue engineering<br />
applications. There<strong>for</strong>e, the adjustment of the material surface properties is important to achieve an effective<br />
interaction of the cell receptors with artificial scaffolds. A simple, versatile, protein repulsive and substrateindependent<br />
biomimetic surface modification is presented. In this approach we use a concept based on preparation<br />
of polydopamine-poly(ethylene oxide) protein-repulsive layer. The incorporation of the alkyne moiety on the<br />
poly(ethylene oxide) terminus af<strong>for</strong>ds its subsequent “click” modification with various ligands. Well defined<br />
biomimetic ligand surface concentration is simply controlled by composition of the reaction mixture and can be<br />
followed by the activity measurement of the 125I radiolabeled peptides immobilized on the substrates.<br />
P-14 S. Dutkiewicz, A. Niekraszewicz, J. Jarzębowski, A. Gutowska, K. Grzebieniak, K. Płachta, M. Śpikowska,<br />
J. Wesołowski, D. Chojnacki, T. Fiszer, Z. Młodzikowski<br />
Institute of Biopolimers and Chemical Fibres, ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 19/27, Łódź, Poland<br />
Synthesis and the biodegradability of the biodegradable aliphatic – aromatic copolyester (IBPE)<br />
Increasing volumes of plastic causes many problems with solid wastes. Thus, biodegradable polymers are of great<br />
interest if scientists of all the world. Biodegradable polyester such as Ecoflex and EastarBio are already<br />
commercially available. They are used in the production of trash bags and disposable packaging. They are designed<br />
to process into films, bags or coatings. In the Institute of Biopolimers and Chemical Fibers conducts reaserches on<br />
synthesis of the similar biodegradable aliphatic – aromatic copolyester (IBPE) which could be manufactured in<br />
industrial scale. Production of IBPE is based on the reaction polycondensation of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and<br />
Uniestrol (dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate) with 1,4-butanediol (BD) catalyzed by an<br />
organotitanate – Ti(OBu)4. The initial molar ration of aliphatic/aromatic esters is 60/40. The synthesis process is<br />
per<strong>for</strong>med in two steps: (1) ester exchange, and (2) polycondensation. During the ester exchange step acidic<br />
monomers undergo estrification reactions with diol to <strong>for</strong>m oligomers. Ester exchange is carried out at 165 - 225°C<br />
at atmospheric pressure. Volatile product, MeOH is remove from reactor and collected. The second step,<br />
polycondesation is per<strong>for</strong>med at 230 - 250°C under vacuum (0,4mmHg) in order to remove excess BD.<br />
The results obtained in the project: PBZ – MNiSW-01/11/2007 Umowa Nr G016/T02/2007 “Biodegradowalne<br />
włókniny dla zastosowania w medycynie, rolnictwie i technice”<br />
59
P-15 K. Kamiński, K. Szczubiałka, M. Nowakowska, B. Kałaska, E. Sokołowska, A. Mogielnicki, W.Buczko<br />
Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry; Ingardena 3, Kraków, Poland<br />
Cationic derivative of dextran as a new heparin reversal agent<br />
Heparin is a naturally occurring macromolecule used in many applications in modern medicine, especially <strong>for</strong><br />
treating cardiovascular diseases. This polysaccharide has natural ability to prevent blood clot <strong>for</strong>mation both in vitro<br />
and in vivo. Anticoagulative effect of heparin is very strong and in case of an emergency (e.g. haemorrhage due to<br />
the heparin overdose) it has to be inhibited (reversed). The only substance currently used in such situations is<br />
protamine sulphate. This protein, however, can be a cause of many adverse effects, e.g. life threatening allergic<br />
response. There<strong>for</strong>e, there is a need of a safer drug which could replace protamine sulphate in therapeutical<br />
applications. Polysaccharide-based materials seem to be promising candidates that could solve this problem. Here<br />
we are reporting the studies on the application of the cationic derivatives of dextran <strong>for</strong> heparin reversal. By<br />
substituting dextran with gliydyltrimethylamonium chloride (see reaction scheme below) a cationic polymer was<br />
obtained that can bind heparin with an efficiency similar to that of protamine. Physical and chemical properties of<br />
obtained polymers were characterized using elementary analysis, GPC, IR spectra and 1H-NMR measurements.<br />
Formation of dextran complexes with heparin was studied by spectrophotometric determination of free heparin in<br />
solution after adding cationic dextran, DLS and zeta potential measurements.<br />
P-16 M. Zdanowicz, T. Spychaj<br />
West Pomeranian University of Technology, Polymer Institute, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland<br />
High substituted carboxymethyl starch properties of aqueous solutions and dispersions with montmorillonites<br />
Chemical modification of starch via carboxymetylation to high degree of substitution (DS) of carboxymethyl groups<br />
(0.7-1.0) was per<strong>for</strong>med using isopropanol/water mixtures. Carboxymethyl starch (CMS) with high DS and<br />
preserved grain shape of starch has been obtained in one or two-step procesess. Influence of modification<br />
experimental parameters (such as substraces’ content, temperature and time of alcalization/etherification, type of<br />
starch and mode of processing) on the substitution efficiency and rheological properties of water solution of CMS<br />
has been evaluated. Rheological characteristics of CMS/water/montmorillonite dispersion have been also per<strong>for</strong>med.<br />
P-17 S. Kugler, T. Spychaj<br />
West Pomeranian University of Technology, Polymer Institute, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland<br />
Sorption properties of reactive-extruded starch graft nanocomposite copolymers with montmorillonite<br />
Starch graft copolymers including these synthesized in a presence of sodium montmorillonite (MMT) have been<br />
obtained by reactive extrusion and their sorption properties investigated. N-vinyl<strong>for</strong>mamide (NVF), acrylamide<br />
(AAm) and monomer mixtures of NVF or AAm with acrylic acid (AA) have been radically copolymerized onto<br />
potato starch using water soluble initiators 2,2’-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) and<br />
ammonium persulfate (APS), respectively and N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker. MMT/starch<br />
mass ratio ranged from 0 to 16 wt.% Copolymers have been characterized via differential scanning calorimetry<br />
(DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser scanning microscopy (LSM) and their sorption properties: water absorbency<br />
and polyvalent metal (Fe3+, Cd2+) sorption capability determined. The obtained starch-graft copolymers and<br />
nanocomposite starch-graft copolymers with MMT can be considered as relatively cheap sorbents <strong>for</strong> environmental<br />
cleaning up technologies.<br />
P-18 N. Ataci, A. Sarac<br />
Yildiz Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Davutpasa Campus, 34220<br />
Istanbul, Turkey<br />
Effect of the cationic surfactant and salt on plasmid dna precipitation: role of the surface charge on precipitation<br />
system<br />
A knowledge of the interaction between DNA with cationic surfactant have many applications, <strong>for</strong> example, the<br />
development methods of DNA extraction and purification and lately, the potential use of these systems as vector <strong>for</strong><br />
DNA vaccine and gene therapy. DNA is a biological material kind of anionic polymer with double helical structure.<br />
Surfactants are an active field of research in colloidal science not only chemistry but also biology, biochemistry, and<br />
engineering, especially consist of ionic or non-ionic head group and long alkyl chains. Ionic surfactants, either<br />
anionic or cationic, can strongly interact with oppositely charged DNA. This is attributed to the electrostatic<br />
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attraction and to the hydrophobic interaction between molecules. In this study, we investigated the effect of<br />
N,N’,N’-polyethylene (10)-N tallow-1,3-di amine propane (PEG-10 tallow) on the plasmid DNA (pDNA)<br />
precipitation above, at, and under critical micelle concentration (CMC), and the interactions of pDNA with<br />
surfactant molecules under these circumstances, and with/without salt presence. CMC was determined with surface<br />
tension and conductivity methods. Salt effect on precipitation profiles of PEG-10 tallow / pDNA <strong>for</strong>mation was<br />
followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Surface charges of surfactant and surfactant / salt solutions were<br />
determined with zeta potential measurements.<br />
P-19 P. Tarantili, G. Nikolaou<br />
National Technical University of Athens, School of Chemical Engineering, Polymer Technology Lab.<br />
Heroon Polytechniou 9, GR 15780, Athens, Greece<br />
Poly(lactic acid)/bioglass nanocomposites: preparation, characterization and assessment of bioactivity<br />
Due to its biodegradable nature, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a recommended material <strong>for</strong> uses such as resorbable<br />
sutures, implants <strong>for</strong> orthopedic surgery or blood vessels, controlled drug delivery systems and tissue culture.<br />
Nanocomposites are a new class of materials, consisted of a matrix rein<strong>for</strong>ced with dispersed particles, whose at<br />
least one dimension is the nanoscale. Over the past few years, various nanomaterials have been investigated <strong>for</strong><br />
rein<strong>for</strong>cing PLA, including layered silicates, carbon nanotube, hydroxyapatite (HA), layered titanate, aluminium<br />
hydroxide. Another interesting nanostructured rein<strong>for</strong>cement is hydroxyapatite (HA), a widely used biomaterial in<br />
many areas of medicine, but mainly with bone tissue, due to its resemblance to mineral bone. Bioactive glasses of<br />
silicate composition represent a group of surface reactive materials, which are able to bond to bone in physiological<br />
environment. Bioactive glass, most commonly used in biomedical applications, consists of a silicate network<br />
incorporating sodium, calcium and phosphorus in different relative proportions. Composite materials based on<br />
bioactive glass and biodegradable polymers have emerged a new family of bioactive products with applications<br />
ranging from structural implants to tissue engineering scaffolds.<br />
P-20 J. Zemła, A. Budkowski, J. Raczkowska, J. Rysz, M. Lekka<br />
Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland<br />
Reverse contrast and substructures in protein micro-patterns on 3D polymer surfaces<br />
We characterize an approach enabling protein patterning over broad polymer areas based on selective protein<br />
adsorption on surfaces of spin-cast amino-terminated polystyrene structured topographically with elastomer molds<br />
(capillary <strong>for</strong>ce lithography) and passivated locally against adsorption with poly(ethylene oxide)-silanes printed with<br />
flat elastomer stamps (inverted micro-contact printing). Atomic <strong>for</strong>ce microscopy reveals uni<strong>for</strong>mity of PS-NH2<br />
films with stripes of grooves and elevations alternating with periodicity 4 < l < 200 mm. Film morphologies prior<br />
and after selective adsorption of model protein - fluorescently labeled lentil lectin - are mapped with optical and<br />
fluorescence microscopy, respectively, and examined with Fourier analysis: elevated regions of polymer relief are<br />
replicated as dark or bright stripes on fluorescent micrographs <strong>for</strong> elevations <strong>for</strong>ming plateaus (> 3 mm) or narrower<br />
ridges, respectively. Reverse contrast in protein micro-patterns is induced by modified relief geometry, which<br />
affects surface flux of silanes from stamp to polymer surface both within and away from contact zones of microcontact<br />
printing. In addition, protein substructures with a fraction l/n of relief periodicity are observed on surfaces<br />
with elevated ridges (n = 2) and plateaus (n = 2 and 4). This is due to protein adsorption modified locally with silane<br />
concentration and surface topography, respectively.<br />
P-21 F. Hooshangi, S. A.H. Feghhi, N. Sheikh<br />
Radiation application department of Shahid beheshti University, Iran<br />
Flame retardancy of poly (butylene terephthalate)<br />
Engineering plastics like poly (butylene terephthalate) due to their relatively desirable mechanical, electrical,<br />
thermal and other physical and chemical properties as well as a good processability have various industrial<br />
applications such as in automotive, electric and electronic component industries. Poly (butylene terephthalate) easily<br />
burns with dark smoke and is dripping, thus improvement its fire behaviour is concerned. The combustion<br />
per<strong>for</strong>mance of poly (butylene terephthalate) can be improved by the addition of appropriate flame retardants. In this<br />
work we investigated the effect of halogen-free flame retardants melamine and aluminum phosphate each one with<br />
10% wt Results of UL-94 test showed an enhancement in fire resistance of PBT. The samples containing flame<br />
retardant additives were self-extinguishing and non-dripping. Thermogravimetric analysis showed char <strong>for</strong>mation<br />
and decrease of onset temperature. Results of heat distortion temperature increased with addition flame retardants.<br />
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Also Mechanical and electrical tests carried out samples to determine some parameters like tensile strength,<br />
elongation at break, impact strength and dielectric characteristics. Increase in FR content greatly impairs the<br />
mechanical per<strong>for</strong>mance of FR rein<strong>for</strong>ced PBT material. The tensile strength and elongation at break and impact<br />
strength obviously decreases this can be explained by the poor compatibility of FRs with matrix PBT.<br />
P-22 M. Triantou, P. Tarantili<br />
National Technical University of Athens, School of Chemical Engineering, Polymer Technology Lab.<br />
Heroon Polytechniou 9, GR 15780, Athens Greece<br />
Morphology and thermomechanical properties of ABS/PC blends rein<strong>for</strong>ced with layered silicate nanoparticles<br />
In this study, blends based on poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) were prepared<br />
and studied, in an attempt to explore the per<strong>for</strong>mance of mixtures deriving from recycling of waste electrical and<br />
electronic equipment (WEEE). Modification of ABS and ABS/PC blends via the incorporation of rein<strong>for</strong>cing fillers,<br />
such as organic modified montmorillonite nanoparticles (OMMT), was also per<strong>for</strong>med and its effect on the structure<br />
and properties was investigated. Based on the results of this work, it was concluded that the incorporation of PC to<br />
ABS improves its thermal stability and mechanical properties. From Differential Scanning Callorimetry (DSC)<br />
results obtained <strong>for</strong> ABS/PC blend nanocomposites, rather a partial miscibility of the two polymeric components<br />
could be assumed. Further improvement of mechanical properties of the above polymeric blends can be achieved by<br />
the addition of nanostructured fillers, such as Cloisite 30B. As expected, the viscosity of the rein<strong>for</strong>ced blends<br />
increases with the increase of nanofiller concentration.<br />
P-23 F. Pierini, E. Foresti, I. G. Lesci, G. Fracasso, M. Lanzi, N. Roveri<br />
Department of Chemistry «G.Ciamician», Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna,Via F .Selmi 2,<br />
40126 Bologna, Italy; Chemical Center, Via E. Mattei 4, 40050 Castello d'Argile(Bo), Italy<br />
Structure-property correlations in hybrid organic-inorganic electrospun fibers<br />
Nanomaterials have been investigated in technological fields with amazing increased interest due to their many<br />
advantages, such as large surface area and miniaturization. Nanofibers have been applied in industry due to their<br />
easy production processes compared to other nanomaterials. Nanofibers can be identified as fibers having<br />
nanometric diameters. In recent years, particular attention has been paid to the geomimetic approaches, which allow<br />
us to mimic such nature-made geo-inorganic and organic composite materials. The main idea in geomimetic<br />
approaches is to control and produce the morphology and the composition of developed geomaterials.<br />
Electrospinning has been recognized as an efficient technique <strong>for</strong> the manufacture of polymer nanofibers. The<br />
diameter of the electrospun nanofibers is at least one or two orders of magnitude smaller than those of conventional<br />
fiber production methods. Various polymers have been successfully electrospun into ultrafine fibers in recent years,<br />
mostly in solvent solution and some in melt <strong>for</strong>m. Among the major classes of materials, electrospinning is able to<br />
produce nanofibres of polymers, composites, semiconductors and ceramics. With electrospinning, nanocrystals of<br />
inorganic compounds are dispersed with preferential orientation in the organic matrices. Generally, fibers of<br />
conductive polymer, like polyaniline (PANI), are obtained when camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) is used as dopant.<br />
P-24 T. Ganicz, J. Kurjata, T. Makowski, W. Stańczyk. A. Tracz<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Side chain polysiloxanes with conjugated discotic structures – new materials <strong>for</strong> FET OTFT sensors?<br />
The aim of the study is to develop and explore new materials <strong>for</strong> active nano-and micro-layers <strong>for</strong> sensors based on<br />
organic field effect transistors (OTFT) transistors. The effective routes of synthesis of polysiloxanes with conjugated<br />
aromatic rings (phtalocyanines, tetracenes and triphenyles) in their side chains will be presented. The preliminary<br />
studies of phase (DSC, SAXS), optical (POM) and electrooptical properties of the substituted polysiloxanes will be<br />
also presented.<br />
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P-25 T. Basinska, M. Gosecka, N. Griffete, C. Mangeney, M. M. Chehimi, S. Slomkowski<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Optical properties of colloidal arrays of core-shell poly(styrene/α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol)<br />
microspheres<br />
In last years there is noticed an increasing interest in preparation and application of nano- and microsphere crystallike<br />
assemblies in various optical devices. These devices function on the basis of diffraction of visible light from<br />
the colloidal crystal arrays according to the Bragg law. Any changes in morphology of colloidal crystals which are<br />
induced by external stimuli are manifested by changes in the diffraction pattern, allowing action of these stimuli to<br />
be detected. The particles used <strong>for</strong> preparation and application of colloidal crystals should have diameters in a range<br />
100-400 nm crystals and low diameter dispersity. Uni<strong>for</strong>mity of particles allows to avoid defects in the colloidal<br />
crystals structure. Moreover, the particles tailored <strong>for</strong> medical devices should be hydrophilic to prevent not specific<br />
protein adsorption but must contain chemical groups in their interfacial layer, in order to bind proteins covalently in<br />
a controlled manner. Our studies were focused on preparation and characterization of core-shell hydrophilic<br />
microspheres containing α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol in the interfacial layer with purpose to use them<br />
<strong>for</strong> preparation of colloidal assemblies suitable <strong>for</strong> various biomedical devices (optical biosensors).<br />
P-26 M. Gosecka, T. Basinska, M.M. Chehimi, S. Slomkowski<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Formation of core-shell particles synthesized from styrene and hydrophilic α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzylpolyglycidol<br />
macromonomer<br />
In spite of many reports on synthesis of nano- and microspheres with core-shell morphology by copolymerization of<br />
hydrophobic monomers with hydrophilic macromonomers, the knowledge on <strong>for</strong>mation of these particles is very<br />
limited. In last years we carried on extensive studies on synthesis of core-shell polymer particles by<br />
copolymerization of styrene and α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol (PGL) macromonomers ((Mn from 900<br />
to 2800, Mw/Mn=1.05). The soap-free emulsion copolymerizations initiated with potassium persulfate were carried<br />
out in water at 65 o C. The syntheses yielded microspheres with Dn in a range 220 - 650 nm and very low diameter<br />
dispersity (1.007
P-28 M. Wenda, R. Jeziórska, M. Zielecka, E. Bujnowska<br />
Industrial Chemistry Research Institute /Centre of Competence <strong>for</strong> <strong>Advanced</strong> Polymeric Materials of<br />
Industrial Importance POLMATIN, Rydygiera 8, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland<br />
Antimicrobial properties of silica containing silver nanoparticles/applied in polymer composites<br />
Nanomaterials with antimicrobial properties are presently in great demand with increasing interest <strong>for</strong> application.<br />
Extensive works, mainly based on optimization and modification of silica matrices devoted to the development of a<br />
new class of antimicrobial materials. Homogeneous structural properties of silica nanospheres were achieved due to<br />
selected parameters of sol-gel process (pH, temperature, dosing regime) with further modification focused on<br />
immobilization of nanosilver. The technology offers a possibility to control size and uni<strong>for</strong>mity of nanospheres. The<br />
smallest nanospheres size is 30 nm and the largest approximately 600 nm. Our recent studies have shown that silica<br />
containing immobilized silver nanoparticles is capable to deactivation microorganisms. Antimicrobial activity of<br />
silica nanospheres with immobilized silver NPs in comparison with unmodified silica nanoparticles was tested using<br />
the following bacteria: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Tests were per<strong>for</strong>med in PBS buffer or in TSB.<br />
P-29 B. Kępska, R. Jeziórska, M. Zielecka, E. Bujnowska<br />
Industrial Chemistry Research Institute/ Centre of Competence <strong>for</strong> <strong>Advanced</strong> Polymeric Materials of<br />
Industrial Importance POLMATIN, Rydygiera 8, Warsaw, 01-793 Poland<br />
Nanosilica modification methods to create new biocidal materials<br />
The growing demand worldwide in terms of polymer materials with improved resistance against microorganisms led<br />
to the development of an original method of obtaining nanosilica to ensure stability of nanocopper particles.<br />
Nanosilica has some antimicrobial properties, but when nanocopper is immobilized on the surface area better<br />
antimicrobial and antifungi properties. Could be achieved copper nanoparticles are small enough to disrupt bacterial<br />
cell membranes and gain entry in order disrupt the enzyme function. We have to deal with synergistic effect.<br />
Standard method to obtained nanosilica was sol-gel (Ströber synthesis). Reaction occurs in silicon alkoxide-alcoholwater-ammonia<br />
system and it is based on hydrolysis and condensation of silicone precursor catalysed by ammonia.<br />
Structure and porosity of these materials are strongly influence by pH of reaction mixture. In the study were used<br />
silica nanoparticles with particle size less than 200 nm. The properties of nanosilica containing immobilized<br />
nanocopper were tested by using AAS, SEM, EDS, PCS (Photon Correlation Spectroscopy).<br />
P-30 S. Brzeziński, D. Kowalczyk, B. Borak, A. Tracz<br />
Textile Research Institute, Scientific Department of Unconventional <strong>Technologies</strong> and Textiles, Gdańska<br />
118, 90-520 Lodz, Poland<br />
Application of a sol-gel method <strong>for</strong> the preparation of nanocoating improving the per<strong>for</strong>mance properties of textiles<br />
The use of silica sol containing functional nanoparticles allows one to obtain coat-<strong>for</strong>ming polymeric organicinorganic<br />
hybrids that after their deposition on textiles during their finishing impart to them new per<strong>for</strong>mance<br />
properties. These coats can constitute a protective barrier against external mechanical effects such as e.g. abrasion,<br />
significantly increasing the service life of textiles. From the analysis of test results it follows that the change in the<br />
abrasion resistance of textiles depends on the sol type used and the characteristics of textile substrate/carrier. The<br />
method of nanosol synthesis and conditions of its application developed in this study make it possible to improve<br />
the adhesion and elasticity of these coatings and consequently to obtain a good and durable finishing effect during<br />
use. The best effects of functional durability improvement were obtained <strong>for</strong> cotton woven fabrics. Depending on<br />
the type and properties of the sol used (Al2O3, Al2O3/SiO2, Al2O3/GPTMS), even a fivefold increase in the abrasion<br />
resistance of a typical cotton woven fabric was obtained. Textiles containing in their composition polyester fibers<br />
show a great susceptibility to <strong>for</strong>m so-called pilling on their surface that essentially disqualify them with respect to<br />
aesthetic and functional values.<br />
P-31 S. Brzeziński, D. Kowalczyk, A. Tracz, S. Połowiński<br />
Textile Research Institute, Scientific Department of Unconventional <strong>Technologies</strong> and Textiles, Gdańska<br />
118 , 90-520 Lodz, Poland<br />
Modification of the nanotopography and chemical structure of synthetic fibres top layer with corona discharge<br />
The treatment of synthetic fiber fabrics – PES, PA6, PP - with corona discharge by means of an original generator<br />
equipped with a set of multi-segmental electrodes under specified optimized process conditions, results in both<br />
64
physical and chemical changes in the top layer of these fabrics and consequently causing a significant modification<br />
of the technological and per<strong>for</strong>mance properties of the fabrics. As shown by the investigations per<strong>for</strong>med with the<br />
use of AFM and EDX techniques, the developed original system of generating corona discharge and its application<br />
makes it possible to modify not only the top layer of fibers located on the surface of the activated polyester fabric,<br />
but it also affects– though to different extent – the fibers from various areas of the fabric structure. All in all, the<br />
preliminary modification of such woven fabrics with corona discharge and the resultant changes in surface<br />
properties results in the expected improvement in the technological and per<strong>for</strong>mance properties of the modified<br />
textiles, including first of all fabric wettability, dyeability by continues method, as well as considerable increase in<br />
the adhesion to various polymeric coats, quality improvement of laminate bonding, water-tightness of coated<br />
fabrics, fastness of pigment printed fabrics and the UV - barrier properties of polyester textiles.<br />
P-32 B. Kusiak, A. Kelm, J. Gregorowicz, R. Hołyst, A. Michota-Kamińska, T. Wojciechowski, L. Niedzicki<br />
Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland<br />
Cellulose nanocomposite with embedded carbon nanotubes (CNTS)<br />
In contemporary nanoscience and nanotechnology the creation of functional nanomaterials is one of the most<br />
significant and interesting challenges. In particular, nanocomposites based on cellulose are of much interest as it is<br />
renewable, biocompatible, and biodegradable and the most abundant natural polymer. Un<strong>for</strong>tunately, cellulose is<br />
insoluble in the most common solvents, mainly due to hydrogen bonds between adjacent polymer chains. However,<br />
cellulose can be dissolved in ionic liquids which makes them excellent solvents <strong>for</strong> potential use in preparing<br />
cellulose composites. Cellulose composite with embedded carbon nanotubes (CNTs) could have higher mechanical<br />
strength, electrical and thermal conductivity. Potential applications of such composites are biosensors, actuators,<br />
electromagnetic shieldings, supercapacitors, batteries and ultrastrong fibers. CNTs interact through the der Waals<br />
<strong>for</strong>ces and as a result they tend to <strong>for</strong>m aggregates during mixing with a polymer. There<strong>for</strong>e, the CNTs dispersion in<br />
the polymer matrix is of great concern. Furthermore, the preparation of polymer/CNTs composites with uni<strong>for</strong>m<br />
distribution of CNTs demands dispersion of CNTs in the solvent. However, the preparation of the CNTs suspension<br />
in a solvent is still a big challenge.<br />
P-33 T. Makowski, A. Tracz, T. Ganicz, W. A. Stańczyk<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Morphology, structure and mesophase behavior of metal free phthalocyanine attached to polysiloxane chain<br />
Discotic columnar liquid crystalline compounds serve as potential charge and exciton transport layers in the field of<br />
optoelectronics. Materials exhibiting the propensity to maintain their properties within a wide temperature range are<br />
required. The study of morphological stability of thin films <strong>for</strong>med of such materials upon heating-cooling cycles<br />
allows to evaluate their suitability <strong>for</strong> the rigorous conditions found in actual devices. For organic soluble discotic<br />
compounds the phase transitions and morphology can be tuned by the architecture of the side groups (mainly<br />
aliphatic chains) attached to aromatic core. Further, not fully exploited yet, approach to control the liquid crystalline<br />
properties is the attachment of discotic molecules as side groups to a flexible linear polymer chain. In this work the<br />
studies on morphology, structure and mesophase behavior of metal free phthalocyanine attached to flexible polymer<br />
chain namely polysiloxane chain poly{[2-pentyloxy-3-methoxy 9,10,16,<br />
17,23,24hexakis(octenyloxy)phtalocyanine]methylsiloxane} (IC6) will be presented. The morphology of thin films<br />
are discussed in relation to SAXS data obtained <strong>for</strong> the bulk material and thermo-optical analysis (TOA).<br />
P-34 A.A. Katbab, A.R. Shafieizadegan-Esfahani<br />
Polymer Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran<br />
Radio frequency wave absorbing nanocomposites based on foamed pu/silicone rubber/nanographite: the role of<br />
interfacial compatibilization<br />
Attempts have been made to make interconnected networks of conductive graphite nanosheets through the insulating<br />
silicone rubber vulcanizate as a binder within the porous structure of polyurethane to be used as electromagnetic<br />
shielding material. Effects of functionalized long chain hydrocarbons as compatibilizers in dispersing graphite<br />
nanosheets and enhancing the <strong>for</strong>mation of conductive networks as well as lowering the conductive percolation<br />
threshold have been studied. The role of crosslink density (CLD) and hence elasticity of the crosslinked SR/graphite<br />
nanocomposites as the two important matrix structural parameters upon the ordering and percolation of the graphite<br />
nanosheets have also been investigated. In vulcanized nanocomposites with higher elastic modulus the conductive<br />
nanosheets were found to be percolate, leading to the reduced threshold and also enhanced electrical conductivity.<br />
65
There<strong>for</strong>e, dynamic elastic modulus and CLD of the nanocomposite vulcanizate has a direct correlation with<br />
electrical conductivity. This was found to have a thermodynamic nature as the SR network resist the entropy loss<br />
caused by the dispersed graphite nanosheets. There<strong>for</strong>e, CLD showed as an effective tool in controlling both<br />
conductivity and percolation threshold. More ever, the more dispersion of the graphite nanosheets by the<br />
compatibilizer leads to the reduced electrical conductivity threshold and also improved electromagnetic shielding<br />
effectiveness in the foamed structure of the polyurethane.<br />
P-35 A. Bratek-Skicki, Z. Adamczyk, P. Dąbrowska<br />
Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek<br />
8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland<br />
Electrokinetic studies of fibrinogen adsorption on latex particles<br />
Polymer colloids (latex) usually possess high monodispersity, homogenous, smooth, and well-defined surface<br />
functionality. Because of these properties latex particles have often been used as an ideal model <strong>for</strong> studying the<br />
adsorption of proteins and other macromolecules. The reason of studying such systems is based on the fact that there<br />
is numerous natural, and industrial phenomena where protein adsorption processes take place on different surfaces.<br />
One of the most important applications of such systems are immunolatexes (antibody-coated latex particles). These<br />
immunolatexes are directed towards the development of particle-enhanced immunoassays used in clinical analysis<br />
laboratories. The popularity of this diagnostic technology is illustrated by the fact that in 1992 there were over 200<br />
commercial reagents available employing this approach. In such systems the colloidal aggregation of immunolatex<br />
particles must be only caused by the presence of the corresponding antigen. Based on this assumption it is necessary<br />
to obtain immunolatex with a high colloidal stability, in order to avoid unspecific aggregation of the system due to<br />
physico-chemical conditions of the medium (pH, ionic strength, temperature etc.). In this study adsorption of<br />
fibrinogen on polystyrene latex particles was studied using the concentration depletion method combined with AFM<br />
detection of residual protein after adsorption. Measurements were carried out <strong>for</strong> a broad range of pH (3.5-11) and<br />
ionic strength 10-3 - 0.15 M, NaCl.<br />
P-36 O. Mednova, K. Almdal<br />
Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, building 423, DK-2800 Kgs.Lyngby<br />
Nanostructure toughened SU-8 epoxy resin by poly(ethyl ethylene)-poly(2-vinylpyridine) diblock copolymer<br />
incorporation<br />
Over last few decades significant interest towards SU-8 as the most promising and easy handle with in clean room<br />
technology epoxy resin has been generated by popularization of micro electro mechanic systems (MEMS)<br />
engineering applications. Un<strong>for</strong>tunately, due to high cross-linking density that epoxy resin is prone to fracture thus<br />
exploitation of SU-8 based sensors and actuators negatively results in short operating time as well as relatively high<br />
analytical errors. Incorporation of amphiphilic block copolymers into SU-8 matrix can improve resin mechanical<br />
properties significantly. In the present study poly(ethyl ethylene)-poly(2-vinylpyridine) diblock copolymer has been<br />
chosen as the nanostructured toughening agent. The effect of toughening will be achieved in consequence of<br />
nanostructuring through copolymer modifiers self-assembling into various morphologies. Anionic polymerization<br />
under inert atmosphere is applied <strong>for</strong> mentioned block copolymer synthesis. As the proposed result <strong>for</strong> the current<br />
investigation essential improvements of thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, Young modulus,<br />
and deficiency of material swelling in different solvents are announced to be achieved.<br />
P-37 J. Arkusz, M. Stępnik, W. Wąsowicz, M. Cieślak<br />
Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland<br />
In vitro toxicity testing of poly(lactic acid) triclosan microspheres on BALB/3T3 fibroblasts<br />
Poly(lactic acid) is a bio-based polymer used in production of bioplastics. Despite being used in many consumer<br />
products (food packaging, disposable tableware, microwavable trays), it has a wide range of applications, e.g. in<br />
textile industry, medicine or tissue engineering. Dynamic development of biotechnology has resulted in easier<br />
access to this polymer as well as in its usage as a scaffold to encapsulate different chemicals such as antibacterial<br />
and antifungal agent – Triclosan. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity potential of poly(lactic<br />
acid) microcapsules containing 5% Triclosan w/w (PTM) on mouse BALB/3T3 clone A31 fibroblasts using the<br />
WST-1 reduction test.<br />
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P-38 A. Kahraman, A. Sarac<br />
Yildiz Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Davutpasa Campus, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey<br />
A study on minimum film <strong>for</strong>ming of water-based emulsion copolymers<br />
Water-based emulsion polymers or latexes are increasingly used in adhesives, inks and coating materials due to its<br />
benign environmental and safety advantages. Further improvements in the application properties of water-based<br />
<strong>for</strong>mulations require a fundamental understanding of the drying and film <strong>for</strong>mation mechanism from colloidal<br />
dispersions. However, the main challenge with those latexes is how to obtain good film <strong>for</strong>mation and high<br />
per<strong>for</strong>mance films without aid of volatile organic compound. A typical approach to solve this problem is based on<br />
the incorporation of some functional groups in the polymer latex <strong>for</strong> post-cross-linking. The presence of post-crosslinking<br />
in latex offers major advantages with regard to the quality and the ultimate properties of the latex film such<br />
as increasing surface hardness and low solvent sensitivity of latex film. For these purposes the frequently employed<br />
functional groups are mainly from various self-condensable monomers such as N-methylol acrylamide (NMA),<br />
glycidyl methacrylate, alkoxysilanes.<br />
P-39 R.G. Koc, A. Sarac<br />
Yildiz Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Davutpasa Campus, 34220 Istanbul, Turkey<br />
The salt effects on the emulsion copolymers of vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate<br />
The effect of inorganic electrolytes on emulsion polymerization is complex and depends upon the chemical nature<br />
and concentration of electrolyte, surfactant, monomer, and initiator. Added electrolytes modify the properties of the<br />
final latex such as viscosity, glass transition temperature, and surface tension. Also, the side effects of increasing the<br />
ionic strength include changes in particle size, zeta potential, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution,<br />
and polymerization rate. These effects are caused by changes in emulsion structure and stability, which in turn affect<br />
particle <strong>for</strong>mation. The aims of this study were investigated the stabilization of latexes with the adding different<br />
amount of electrolytes into unstable emulsion polymers as thermodynamically, determining the effects of different<br />
charged salts on the stabilization, the effects of emulsifier system, and composition. Composite latexes were<br />
prepared with the adding various amount of salts, and characterized the aspects of colloidal, physicochemical, and<br />
film properties.<br />
P-40 A. Kiersnowski, G. Kircher, K. Chrissopoulou, J. Pigłowski, S. Anastasiadis<br />
Max Planck Institute <strong>for</strong> Polymer Research, Experimental Physics Group, Ackermannweg 10, 55128<br />
Mainz, Germany<br />
Formation and phase behavior of PVDF/MMT-g-PMMA ternary nanocomposites<br />
One of the most extensively investigated groups of nanocomposites is that made of polymers and layered clay<br />
silicates such as e.g. montmorillonite (MMT). The research in this field, launched in the eighties at Toyota Central<br />
R&D Laboratories, has lead to low-cost, lightweight, high-per<strong>for</strong>mance materials <strong>for</strong> applications as construction,<br />
barrier or fire-retardant plastics. While the applied research at Toyota CRDL were aimed at obtaining the<br />
nanocomposites with polyamide 6 matrix, currently the materials with various matrices such as polyolefins,<br />
polyesters or styrenic polymers are produced at technological scale. More recently, the research ef<strong>for</strong>ts in the field<br />
of nanocomposites were broadened to a variety of functional polymers and new application areas. This again<br />
increased a scientific interest in tailoring the interactions at the interface between the silicate and polymer in order to<br />
gain control over structure and phase behaviour of the materials. One of the most promising routes here is grafting<br />
mineral nanoparticles with polymers being thermodynamically miscible with these meant <strong>for</strong> the final composite<br />
matrix.<br />
P-41 D. Ciechańska, J. Kazimierczak, A. Bloda, D. Wawro, E. Kopania, T. Antczak, R. Pyć<br />
Institute of Biopolymers and Chemical Fibres,19/27 M. Sklodowskiej-Curie St, 90-570 Lodz, Poland<br />
Plant biomass - studies on the manufacture of cellulose micro- and nano-fibres<br />
Plant biomass contains various polymers such as cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignins and pectic substances. Within the<br />
project several different crop plants including hemp, linen or rape straws were used as a starting material. Isolation<br />
of cellulose from biomass is a very complicated process, since it contains ligno-cellulosic complexes linked together<br />
mainly by ether bonds as well as inorganic silica compounds. Based on analysis of chemical composition of plant<br />
materials a preliminary selection of biomass plants was made <strong>for</strong> further research. The study consisted in removal of<br />
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non-cellulosic compounds and loosening the structure of biomass using thermal, mechanical and chemical<br />
processing. As a result, cellulose pulp with high content of alpha-cellulose and residual amounts of lignin was<br />
obtained. The pulp was subjected to enzymatic treatment in order to release micro-and nano-fibrills from cellulose<br />
fibres. Application of enzyme complexes (A-IBT series), prepared by the Technical University of Lodz, and<br />
commercial preparations of cellulases, xylanases and ligninases made it possible to obtain cellulose micro-fibrils.<br />
The research was carried out within research project POIG 01.01.02-10-123/09 “The use of biomass in the<br />
preparation of environment-friendly materials”<br />
P-42 H. Królikowska, B. Goetzendorf-Grabowska, A. Karaszewska, P. Bąk<br />
Textile Research Institute, Lodz, Poland<br />
Thermo-regulating textiles using paraffin wax microcapsules<br />
Thermo- regulating textiles are one of the branches of phase change materials application (PCM). In presented work<br />
PCM microcapsules containing eicosane ( C20H42) were used. Needle nonwoven Polyesther (100 %) or<br />
Polypropylene (100%), mass per unit area 200 g/m 2 were used as textile carrier. Incorporation of the eicosane<br />
microcapsules to nonwoven carriers was done using padding techniques with padding baths contained different<br />
ammounts of PCM microcapsules: 7,5 %, 20% and 50%. There were per<strong>for</strong>mer tests of nonwovens modified PCM<br />
micracapsules. Tests done using: SEM microscope, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), stand simulating<br />
model: human skin – clothing – environment TRF (Temperature Regulation Factor). Tests results concerning<br />
effect of PCM microcapsules ammount in padding bath on: structure of nonwoven with PCM microcapsules,<br />
parameters of chase change and thermo-regulating properties.<br />
P-43 M. Arrieta, M. Ramos, A. Beltrán, M. Peltzer<br />
Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science Department, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-<br />
03080, Alicante, Spain<br />
Caseinate based edible film incorporated with hydroxytyrosol. Development and full characterization<br />
The aim of this work is the characterization of nano-biocomposites based on PCL, hydroxytyrosol (HT) and a<br />
montmorillonite (C30B). Different amounts of HT and nanofiller were added to PCL. Active films were obtained by<br />
compression-moulding in a hot-plate hydraulic press. A characterization was per<strong>for</strong>med by using differential<br />
scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier trans<strong>for</strong>m infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),<br />
oxygen transmission rate (OTR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM)<br />
and wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). Water Diffusion coefficients (Dw) in the different nanocomposites were<br />
measured and the porosity (P%) of blends was carried out by mercury porosimetry. Finally, in order to evaluate the<br />
release of HT from each film at different times, samples were immersed in methanol and the extracts were analyzed<br />
by UV-visible spectroscopy. The TGA results indicated that the incorporation of C30B produced a decrease in PCL<br />
thermal stability. SEM and TEM analyses corroborated the good dispersion of C30B into the PCL structure, as<br />
already asserted by WAXS tests, since no important aggregates were observed. A reduction in oxygen permeability<br />
was observed <strong>for</strong> films containing the nanoclay. Finally, the HT release study showed that the desorption<br />
mechanism, although predominantly Fickian, is dependent on the selected <strong>for</strong>mulation.<br />
P-44 M. Cieślak, I. Kamińska, D. Puchowicz<br />
Scientific Department of Unconventional <strong>Technologies</strong> and Textiles,Textile Research Institute, Brzezinska<br />
5/15, 92-103 Lodz, Poland<br />
Surface analysis of modified textile materials using SEM and micro-Raman spectroscopy techniques<br />
Technology development and growing demands <strong>for</strong> safety and utilitarian parameters of modern textile materials<br />
with added-value (e.g. photocatalityc and biostatic materials) brought about quest of new solutions in fibre<br />
modification or development of fibre surface modification. The application of engineering nano- or microparticles<br />
equipped with functional properties onto surface of textile materials are more and more frequently. In order to obtain<br />
a complete surface characterization of high-tech fibres or textiles comprehensive analytical techniques are<br />
necessary. Consequently, such analytical techniques, as e.g. the Raman spectroscopy or Scanning Electron<br />
Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) used to in chemical, pharmaceutical, molecular<br />
biology laboratories, have being appeared <strong>for</strong> textile applications. Scanning electron microscope allows observations<br />
of modified surface with 1000000x magnification and topographical measurements of SEM images. With the<br />
attachment of the energy dispersive spectrometer, the elemental composition of materials can be obtained. The<br />
Raman technique is molecular specific and, when applied with a confocal microscopy the analysis of functional<br />
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additives on surface-modified single fiber, including nanofibres can be achieved. This technique is used to identify<br />
different molecules and even functional groups within larger molecules.<br />
P-45 D. Puchowicz, M. Cieślak, K. Wejchan-Rotowicz<br />
Scientific Department of Unconventional <strong>Technologies</strong> and Textiles,Textile Research Institute, Brzezinska<br />
5/15, 92-103 Lodz, Poland<br />
Vibrational spectroscopy techniques in functional textile materials study<br />
Vibrational spectroscopy methods: FT-IR ATR spectroscopy and dispersive Raman spectroscopy, make possible<br />
analysis of molecular structure and intermolecular interactions hence they are satisfactorily applied in different<br />
fields of science and technology, as e.g. material science, chemistry of polymers, surface analysis, biological<br />
structure analysis, pharmacy, astrophysics, mineralogy, geology, etc. These techniques offer the possibility of<br />
direct, non-destructive analysis with advantages over other methods <strong>for</strong> many diverse materials. It seems to be<br />
especially useful <strong>for</strong> the examination of textile materials with added-value components. The aim of presented study<br />
was focused on application and comparison of both methods of vibrational spectroscopy: FT-IR ATR and micro-<br />
Raman spectroscopy to analyze the textile fibers used in functional textile materials. Dyed and undyed heat resistant,<br />
high-efficient aramid fibers, as well as bi-component conductive fibers consist of polyamide (PA6) and carbon were<br />
analyzed. The IR ATR (Vertex 70 Spectrometer, Bruker) and dispersive Raman (In Via Spectrometer, Renishaw,<br />
l=514 nm, l=785 nm) spectra were recorded. Basis on vibrational spectra the qualitative analysis of studied fibers<br />
and also fiber the cross-section mapping (Fig.1) were carried out.<br />
P-46 M. Cichorek, E. Piorkowska<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Tensile properties of polylactides differing in D-lactide content<br />
In the study tensile behaviour of two PLAs differing in D-lactide content was investigated. Hycail HM1011 (PLA1)<br />
and NatureWorks 2002D (PLA2), having molar masses Mw of 104 and 122 kg mol-1 and D-lactide contents of 4.6<br />
and 2.8 %, respectively, were examined. Amorphous PLA, with glass-transition temperature (Tg) in the range of 55-<br />
60°C, is stiff and brittle at room temperature. However, the drawability of PLA increases with increasing<br />
temperature. Specimens con<strong>for</strong>ming to ISO 527-2 standard, cut out from the films, were uniaxially drawn at 25°C,<br />
35°C, 45°C, 55°C and 65°C at the rates of 4, 40 and 400 %•min-1 in an Instron tensile testing machine equipped<br />
with an environmental chamber. The specimens drawn to various strains were studied by 2D-WAXS, SAXS and<br />
DSC techniques. Generaly mechanical properties of both PLAs below Tg are similar. Yield stress and the stress at<br />
break decreased whereas the elongation at break increased with an increase of the drawing temperature and a<br />
decrease of the drawing rate.<br />
P-47 K. Gąska, M. Sikora, Cz. Kapusta, A. Rybak, G. Kmita, A. Siwek<br />
Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of<br />
Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland<br />
A study of thermal conductivity of epoxy based composites<br />
The heat management in the electronic and electrical devices is a key issue, which has to be properly solved to<br />
prevent such devices from thermal break-down. The effective heat dissipation is thus one of the main challenging<br />
problems to be solved. The aim of the work is to study the possibility of increasing the thermal conductivity of the<br />
filled epoxy resins <strong>for</strong> different types fillers, their particle sizes and distribution in the matrix. Quartz flour, glass<br />
balls, boron nitride, aluminum nitride and silicon nitride powders as well as wollastonite and kyanite fibers were<br />
used as the fillers. A representative set of filled epoxy samples has been prepared <strong>for</strong> different fillers and the filling<br />
ratios. The thermal conductivity measurements have been per<strong>for</strong>med on these samples at room temperature and also<br />
as a function of temperature in the range from 10K to 400K. The results obtained were compared with various<br />
theoretical models.<br />
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P-48 B. Delczyk-Olejniczak, W. Błaszczyk, M. H. Struszczyk<br />
Institute of Security Technology „MORATEX”, Skłodowskiej-Curie 3, Lodz, Poland<br />
Polyethylene is also used in ballistics<br />
Polyethylene is a polyolefin polymer, very important group of industrial polymers. Generally its use is associated<br />
with perishable products, various <strong>for</strong>ms of protective packaging in the food industry. The mechanical properties of<br />
PE depend significantly on the extent and type of branching, the crystal structure and the molecular weight. Ultrahigh-molecular-weight<br />
polyethylene (UHMWPE) has extremely long chains, with molecular weight numbering in<br />
the millions (from 2 to 10 millions). Not everyone knows that oriented UHMW polyethylene fibers (e.g.<br />
Dyneema®, Spectra®, etc.) have an outstanding impact resistance. The fibers, in the <strong>for</strong>m of either woven fabrics or<br />
in the <strong>for</strong>m of 0◦/90◦ cross-plied collimated continuous filaments, are embedded in the resin/polymer matrix. These<br />
flat products applied into a suitable ballistic device can effectively protect against bullets, both handguns and rifle. It<br />
will be presented specific properties of polyethylene fibers and their comparison to known ballistics para-aramid<br />
fibers. It will be also presented range of products based on polyethylene fibers developed by MORATEX Institute in<br />
recent years. The most relevant results of ballistic tests of prototype inserts <strong>for</strong> bullet- and fragment-proof vests and<br />
prototype ballistic shields will be presented.<br />
P-49 Z. Oztoprak, T. Ceylan, D.I. Karakutuk, O. Okay<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, 34469,<br />
Turkey<br />
Synthesis of macroporous organogels based on polybutadiene rubber<br />
On the basis of the gel properties required by the application areas, an ideal gel can be defined as a soft material<br />
exhibiting both a high degree of toughness and a fast response rate against the external stimuli. Our strategy to<br />
synthesize such gels is the application of the cryogelation technique which is based on conducting the crosslinking<br />
reactions below the freezing point of the reaction system. Macroporous organogels were prepared by solution<br />
crosslinking of cis-polybutadiene rubber using sulfur monochloride as a crosslinker by the cryogelation technique.<br />
The effect of crosslinker concentration and the gel preparation temperature on the gel properties was investigated.<br />
P-50 C. Bilici, O. Okay<br />
Istanbul Technical Universty, Faculty of Science and Letters, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, 34469,<br />
Turkey<br />
Formation and characterization of hydrogels containing crystalline domains<br />
Hydrogels are generally amorphous in nature and have no particular ordered structure at the molecular level except<br />
<strong>for</strong> some biological gels. According to the recent studies, hydrogels containing long side chains exhibit relatively<br />
sharp physical or chemical changes in response to small temperature changes. In this study, hydrogels were<br />
synthesized by per<strong>for</strong>ming copolymerization of acrylic acid (AAc) and various hydrophobic comonomers with long<br />
alkyl side chains. By use of rheological measurements, thermomechanical properties of amorphous - crystalline<br />
transition domains are evaluated at different temperatures. Melting and crystallization points of hydrogels are also<br />
determined by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Rheological measurements show that, modulus of hydrogels<br />
(10 kPa) seems to increase 103 times (10MPa) with reducing temperature. Increasing the length of the side chains<br />
significantly improves the mechanical properties of gels.<br />
P-51 M. Sahin, C.D. Tuncaboylu, O. Okay<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, 34469,<br />
Turkey<br />
Characterization of hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide gels<br />
Hydrophobic interactions play a dominant role in the <strong>for</strong>mation of large biological systems. These interactions can<br />
be generated in synthetic hydrogels by incorporation of hydrophobic sequences within the hydrophilic polymer<br />
network chains. In the study, stearyl methacrylate is incorporated into the hydrophilic monomer acrylamide in a<br />
micellar solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate has been prepared by the addition of salt (NaCl) into the reaction<br />
solution. Different initial monomer concentration in the range of 5 to 30 w/v % is used while monomer ratio has<br />
been kept at a constant value. Unusual mechanical properties and unique swelling behaviours of gels changes<br />
dramatically with various initial monomer concentration. Methylene blue active substances test applied to prove<br />
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extraction of sodium dodecyl sulfate during swelling measurement. For better understanding of the structure,<br />
solubilization of gels has been achieved to per<strong>for</strong>m some characterization methods.<br />
P-52 G. Akay, C.D. Tuncaboylu, O. Okay<br />
Istanbul Technical Universty, Faculty of Science and Letters, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, 34469,<br />
Turkey<br />
Hydrogels <strong>for</strong>med via hydrophobic interactions in mixed micelle solutions<br />
It has been known <strong>for</strong> a long time that the addition of electrolyte into aqueous ionic surfactant solutions weakens<br />
electrostatic interaction and causes the micelles to grow. The micellar structure changes from sphere to rod and then,<br />
to large cylindrical aggregates or flexible worm - like micelles. In this study, micellar copolymerization technique<br />
was utilized to synthesize hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide hydrogels. In order to obtain worm - like<br />
micelles; a cationic surfactant, Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used with an anionic surfactant,<br />
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an electrolyte. Viscosity and transmittance of the mixed micelles solutions were<br />
measured by using Rheometer and UV-Vis Spectrometer. Depending on the ratio of CTAB and SDS in micelle<br />
solutions, viscosity of the system changes considerably and that effects the amount of solubility of the hydrophobic<br />
comonomer in the micelles. Additionally, swelling and oscillation tests also per<strong>for</strong>med.<br />
P-53 H. Cakmak, O. Okay<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, 34469,<br />
Turkey<br />
DNA hydrogels by heating – cooling process<br />
DNA hydrogel is a network of chemically cross-linked DNA strands swollen in aqueous solutions. Such soft<br />
materials are a good candidate to make use of the characteristics of DNA such as coil-globule transition,<br />
biocompatibility, selective binding, and molecular recognition.<br />
P-54 Argun Aslihan, Ceylan Tuncaboylu Deniz, Okay Oğuz<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Chemistry Department, Istanbul, 34469,<br />
Turkey<br />
Effect of temperature and electrolyte concentration on solubilization of hydrophobic monomers<br />
Hydrogels are useful materials <strong>for</strong> drug delivery systems, artificial organs, actuators, on–off switches, separation<br />
operations in biotechnology, and processing of agricultural products. However, the application of hydrogels is<br />
limited due to their lack of mechanical strength. We have recently shown that hydrophobically modified<br />
polyacrylamide (HPAAm) hydrogels prepared by micellar polymerization technique exhibit a high degree of<br />
toughness, i.e., a very large extensibility at break. One major difficulty in the synthesis of HMPAAm originates<br />
from the insolubility of hydrophobic comonomers with long alkyl chains in micelles. In our work, the effect of<br />
temperature and electrolyte concentration on solubilization of hydrophobic comonomers (C18-22) in sodium<br />
dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solutions were investigated. Different hydrophobic comonomers with various chain lengths<br />
are solubilized in SDS solutions in the presence of several NaCl concentrations at 350 o C and 240 o C. Than,<br />
transmittance values recorded to observe the maximum solubility of the hydrophobic monomer by use of UV-Vis<br />
Spectrometer.<br />
P-55 F. Ak, I. Karakutuk, O. Okay<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey<br />
Properties of silk fibroin gels<br />
Silk fibroin derived from Bombyx mori is a fibrous protein exhibiting unique material properties including good<br />
biocompatibility, biodegradability, high strength and toughness, and versatility in processing. Silk fibroin has a<br />
multiblock polymer architecture consisting of large hydrophobic and smaller hydrophilic internal blocks together<br />
with large hydrophilic chain end blocks. Hydrophilic blocks of fibroin provide solubility in water, while associations<br />
between the hydrophobic blocks induce a con<strong>for</strong>mation transition from random coil and/or helix to ß-sheet structure.<br />
Presence of ß-sheets in silk fibroin is responsible <strong>for</strong> its high strength while the less ordered hydrophilic blocks give<br />
rise to its elasticity and toughness. Con<strong>for</strong>mational transition of silk fibroin induced by EGDE as a crosslinker and<br />
resulting gelation were investigated in aqueous fibroin solutions at both 50 o C and -18 o C. EGDE attacks the amino<br />
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groups of fibroin and <strong>for</strong>ms interstrand cross-links, ß-sheets acting as physical cross-links dominate the elasticity of<br />
the hydrogels. Mechanical properties of silk fibroin gels are investigated.<br />
P-56 K. Sulak, K. Twarowska-Schmidt, I. Krucińska, M. Puchalski, J. Jarzębowski<br />
Institute of Biopolymers and Chemical Fibers, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 19/27, 90-570 Lodz, Poland<br />
Investigation in the manufacture of biodegradable fibrous products from poly(lactic acid)<br />
Due to high manufacturing costs, the use of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) <strong>for</strong> many years has been limited to medical<br />
devices like biocompatible sutures and resorbable implants. In the 1990s in the United States a commercial<br />
production of PLA was put on stream under the trade name of NatureWorksTM. The improved availability of PLA<br />
opened new ways toward a wider application of this biodegradable polymer. PLA has become a major starting<br />
material in the manufacture of biodegradable textiles. Currently, the preparation, structure and properties of fibrous<br />
materials made of PLA are subject of intensive scientific and technological investigations. Compared to commonly<br />
used fibrous materials made of polyethylene terephtalate (PET), PLA products are characterized by higher water<br />
imbibition of 0,4-0,6% and better resistance to UV radiation. Thanks to such properties, PLA textiles find a wide use<br />
in numerous industries. High capacity melt technique is being used in the manufacture of PLA products providing<br />
favorable economy. Since more than 15 years, the Institute of Biopolymers and Chemical Fibres (IBChF) conducts<br />
investigations in biodegradable synthetic polymers and fibres made of the polymers. Presently, the Institute<br />
participates in the research project "Biodegradable fibrous products", a strategic project <strong>for</strong> the Polish national<br />
economy. Objective of the project is the elaboration of technologies <strong>for</strong> the manufacture of textiles from<br />
biodegradable polymers like polylactide, aliphatic polyesters and copolyesters, thermoplastic cellulose and modified<br />
polypropylene.<br />
P-57 D. Haber, J. Boaventura, N. Mamede<br />
Federal University of Bahia, Chemical Engineering Department, Street Aristides Novis, nb 2, Salvador,<br />
Brazil<br />
Characteristics of licuri coconut fiber: A good alternative <strong>for</strong> composites rein<strong>for</strong>cement<br />
The Licuri coconut fiber is a good alternative <strong>for</strong> composites rein<strong>for</strong>cement because it presents similar<br />
characteristics than most industrially used natural fibers, it’s a low cost with a hight tensile strenght, easily<br />
obtainable and renewable fiber. This study analyzed the mechanical and thermic properties of the Licuri coconut<br />
fibers, from Syagrus Coronata variety. The fibers were characterized through dimensional analysis, volumetric<br />
density verification, relative humidity absorption measurement, scanning electronic microscopy, thermogravimetry<br />
and mechanical test of tensile resistance. The licuri coconut fibers constituent elements were evaluated with specific<br />
Van Soest procedures and tests, to identify the fiber proportion of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose.<br />
P-58 D. Haber, J. Boaventura<br />
Federal University of Bahia, Chemical Engineering Department, Street Aristides Novis, nb 2, Salvador,<br />
Brazil<br />
Properties of polypropylene with Licuri coconut fiber composite<br />
The present study analyzed the mechanical and thermic properties of polipropylene rein<strong>for</strong>ced with Licuri coconut<br />
fibers, from Syagrus Coronata variety. The fibers were used in natura, and with chemical treatment of Hydrogen<br />
Peroxide and Potassium Permanganate. The licuri fibers constituent elements were evaluated with specific TAPPI<br />
procedures and tests, to identify the fiber proportion of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. The composites were<br />
characterized through mechanical tests of tensile and flexion resistance, with scanning electronic microscopy and<br />
thermogravimetry. The better mechanical properties were obtained when the fibers were chemically treated with<br />
Potassium Permanganate, in a 0,055% of weight solution, where there was a 20% improvement on the composite<br />
mechanical properties. In a composition of 10% of fibers the composite reached up to 25 MPa of mechanical<br />
resistance, better than most of actual used fibers and similar to Sisal fiber.<br />
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P-59 N. Orakdogen<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey<br />
Structure - property - response relationships of stimuli responsive poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) gels<br />
Stimuli responsive hydrogels (SRHs) have attracted large interest because of their potential applications in many<br />
important technological areas such as drug delivery, sensors, micro/nano-actuation devices and superabsorbent<br />
materials. SRHs that are three-dimensional networks made of hydrophilic polymer chains crosslinked together<br />
present a unique class of polymeric gels. They can absorb a significant amount of solvent within their network<br />
structure without dissolving and exhibit large reversible changes in their volume and surface physicochemical<br />
properties in response to a variety of environmental stimuli such as changes in pH, temperature or solvent<br />
conditions. pH- and/or temperature-responsive hydrogels are perhaps the most extensively studied classes of<br />
intelligent hydrogels. Among researchers there has been a long-standing interest in polymer systems that<br />
demonstrate a phase transition in response to variations in solution pH and temperature. SRHs show the reversible<br />
volume changes with pH changes and on–off switching of electric field. Since the design of biomedical devices<br />
requires better understanding of the structure - property - response relationships of SRHs, the precise in<strong>for</strong>mation on<br />
the swelling behavior and the mechanical properties of SRHs are required in their use in actuation and sensing<br />
applications. Understanding these properties have significant impact <strong>for</strong> the design of coatings <strong>for</strong> biosensors and <strong>for</strong><br />
actuation devices based on SRHs.<br />
P-60 W. A. Stańczyk, A. Szeląg<br />
Department of Engineering of Polymer Materials, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies,<br />
Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Nanolayers of liquid crystals polymerized from silicon and silica surface<br />
There is a significant interest in modification of semiconductors by means of surface organometallic chemistry. Our<br />
studies in this respect concentrate on synthesis of covalently bonded liquid crystalline nano-layers on silicon wafers<br />
surface as potential photoconducting and orienting substrates in photonic devices. Syntheses of several low<br />
molecular weight liquid crystalline layers, grafted via flexible spacers both in terminal and lateral positions to<br />
mesogens, have shown that they tend to promote homeotropic alignment as determined by optical reflectance in a<br />
sandwich cell.<br />
P-61 B. Głębocki, P. Uznański, A. Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska, A. M. Wróbel, E. Bryszewska<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Organic functionalization of a-SiOC coatings surface fabricated by plasma CVD process<br />
Coatings fabricated from siliconcarbide, siliconoxycarbide and siliconcarbonitride precursors were characterized by<br />
extremely strong resistance to oxidation, high adhesion and hardness comparable with that of superhard materials,<br />
low friction coefficient, excellent resistance to penetration of highly corrosive chemicals and very good surface<br />
coverage of complex geometries. It would be interesting to verify in what extend these layers can be further<br />
chemically modified <strong>for</strong> the purposes of obtaining strictly defined organic thin films. In this aspect the surface of<br />
organosilicon coatings was activated by hydroxyl groups produced in RF-CVD process using vapour H2O<br />
molecules and argon gas. The hydroxylated a-SiOC coatings were placed into a vapour-phase deposition system <strong>for</strong><br />
the immobilization of alkylsilanes. Organic modification of the CVD substrates was per<strong>for</strong>med with different<br />
ethoxysilanes using vapour-phase deposition method, which is successfully used <strong>for</strong> coverage more complex<br />
surfaces. The organosilicon molecules chemically adsorbed onto the hydroxylated CVD surface, <strong>for</strong>ming covalently<br />
attached thin layers. After silanization the surface was further functionalized using compounds of various properties<br />
bearing active ester group which easily reacts in situ with amino group. Modification of organosilicon thin films<br />
surfaces fabricated by plasma CVD process were verified at various stages by the surface contact angle, absorption,<br />
fluorescence and ellipsometric spectroscopy and AFM measurements.<br />
73
P-62 A. Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska, A. Wróbel<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Reactivity of the different organosilicon precursors in RPCVD process<br />
Silicon carbide (SiC) thin film coatings due their unique properties have found many applications in<br />
microelectronics, optic, as protection layers, or as biocompatible layers.These SiC thin film coatings can effectively<br />
be fabricated from a number of volatile organosilicon precursors by plasma CVD techniques. In this work we<br />
characterize the reactivity and the ability to film <strong>for</strong>ming of the several once source organosilicon compounds. Thin<br />
coatings were produced in remote microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition process using hydrogen <strong>for</strong> plasma<br />
generation gas. The results of this study revealed that the Si-H or Si-Si bonds present in the molecules of<br />
investigated precursors play a major role in their activation in RPCVD process. The reactivity of the precursor<br />
increase markedly with rising number of Si-H bonds in the molecule. The high values of km calculated <strong>for</strong> the<br />
precursors containing two Si-H units DMS, BDMSE, indicate that they are most effective <strong>for</strong> the production of SiC<br />
thin films.<br />
The work was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education in a frame of the research project<br />
No. NN209117137<br />
P-63 P. Toman, W. Bartkowiak, M. Menšík, I. Kratochvílová<br />
Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162<br />
06 Prague 6, Czech Republic<br />
Modeling of the charge carrier mobility in doped conjugated polymers<br />
The charge transport in conjugated polymers consists of the charge carrier moving along the chains and inter-chain<br />
hopping. Because of the principal difference between the fast on-chain motion and the slow inter-chain hopping, the<br />
charge carrier mobility can be successfully studied using combination of the quantum mechanical transport theory<br />
and the semi–classical approach. If the polymer is doped by a polar additive, its presence modifies energies of the<br />
polymer states due to the charge–dipole interactions, and hence influences the charge carrier transport. Our charge<br />
carrier mobility models were applied to the hole transport in poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylene<br />
vinylene] doped with a photochromic polar additive. While the on-chain mobility depends on the energetic disorder<br />
only slightly, doubling of the value of the energetic disorder leads to a decrease in the inter-chain mobility by up to<br />
several orders of magnitude. Thus, the hole transport may be readily influenced by the presence of the dispersed<br />
polar additive. While the inter-chain mobility in the polymer with a low value of the energetic disorder is frequencyindependent,<br />
<strong>for</strong> higher values of the energetic disorder there is a significant increase of the mobility with the<br />
frequency, analogous to the frequency-dependence of the on-chain mobility.<br />
P-64 P. Pospiech, M. Cypryk, T. Basinska<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Polysiloxanes as supports <strong>for</strong> enzymes<br />
Polysiloxanes are known <strong>for</strong> their unusual static and dynamic chain flexibility, low surface tension, chemical<br />
stability and good solubility in usual organic solvents. These features make them very interesting supports <strong>for</strong> the<br />
enzyme catalysts, as the polymer chain may easily adopt optimal con<strong>for</strong>mation <strong>for</strong> catalytic centers to participate in<br />
the reaction. The hydrophobic polymer chain may facilitate catalytic reactions in organic solvents or in the watersolvent<br />
interface. Methods <strong>for</strong> the synthesis of functional polysiloxanes with controlled structure as well as the<br />
pathways <strong>for</strong> their modifications by the reactions involving side groups to covalently bound enzymes are discussed.<br />
In particular, the synthesis of polysiloxanes with specific side groups capable of binding enzymes (Lipase from<br />
Candida Rugosa, Urease from Canavalia ensi<strong>for</strong>mis) by covalent bonds are presented. The methods <strong>for</strong><br />
immobilization of the above mentioned catalysts on polysiloxanes and the catalytic activity of obtained catalytic<br />
systems in the model reactions are presented.<br />
74
P-65 K. Sumit, S. Srivastava, Y. K. Vijay<br />
Thin Film and Membrane Science Lab, Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302055,<br />
INDIA<br />
Effect of temperature on the hydrogen gas separation through electrically aligned MWNT dispersed polystyrene<br />
composite membrane<br />
The multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) dispersed polystyrene (PS) composite membranes have been prepared<br />
by solution cast method <strong>for</strong> hydrogen gas separation application. The transverse DC electric field was applied during<br />
solution casting <strong>for</strong> alignment of MWNT in PS matrix. The morphological properties of these prepared composite<br />
membranes have been characterized by optical microscopy and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)<br />
measurements. These electrically aligned MWNT/PS composite membranes have also been characterized by gas<br />
permeation measurements <strong>for</strong> hydrogen gas at different temperatures. The permeability measurements indicate that<br />
the MWNT dispersed PS composite membrane show a higher permeability <strong>for</strong> hydrogen gas as compared to pure PS<br />
membrane at room temperature. It was observed that aligned MWNT/PS composite membranes showed an unstable<br />
behaviour as the temperature increased. The enhancement in permeability is explained on the basis of easy channel<br />
provided by MWNT in polymer matrix. The composite membranes have also been characterized with Dynamical<br />
mechanical analyzer (DMA) and I-V characteristics measurements.<br />
P-66 M. Basko, M. Bednarek, P. Kubisa<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Synthesis of functional polylactide by cationic activated monomer polymerization<br />
Poly(lactide) (PLA) copolymers are widely used in various biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Thus there<br />
is an interest in developing convenient synthetic procedures <strong>for</strong> the synthesis of polymers of lactide (LA) containing<br />
at one or both ends reactive groups that may be used as precursor of segments in block copolymers or side-chains in<br />
graft copolymers. Recently the tailoring of PLA architecture using “metal-free” catalysts and coinitiators has<br />
attracted considerable interest. One of the useful methods <strong>for</strong> the control of the ring-opening polymerization of LA<br />
is cationic polymerization proceeding according Activated Monomer (AM) mechanism with acid catalyst and an<br />
alcohol initiator. As the process involves the extension of the chain of hydroxyl group containing compound used to<br />
initiate the polymerization the method is well suited <strong>for</strong> preparation of macromonomers. One-pot synthesis based on<br />
easy available acid and alcohols prevents the possible contamination of the final products with metallic initiators or<br />
catalyst residues. Using functionalized alcohols we obtained PLA macromonomers carrying unsaturated –<br />
(meth)acrylate and propargyl groups at one chain end. The reactivity of functional groups was confirmed by radical<br />
(co)polymerization of macromonomers or by per<strong>for</strong>ming azide-alkyne “click” reaction with model azide.<br />
P-67 T. Biedroń, M. Bednarek, P. Kubisa<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Aggregation of polyesters containing at one chain end different number of carboxyl groups in the presence of metal<br />
cations<br />
Polyesters with different number of –COOH groups at one chain end were obtained by cationic ring-opening<br />
polymerization of e-caprolactone (CL) and lactide (LA) proceeding by Activated Monomer mechanism in the<br />
presence of hydroxyacids as initiators and protic acid as catalyst. Polyesters with general <strong>for</strong>mulas PCL-(COOH)x<br />
and PLA-(COOH)x where x = 1÷3 were used <strong>for</strong> the aggregation studies. The aggregation was followed by<br />
viscosity measurements of polymer solutions in apolar solvents after addition of metal cations. It was found that the<br />
aggregation strongly depends on the number of carboxyl groups, it depends also on metal cation used <strong>for</strong> the<br />
neutralization, on polymer concentration and on the excess of metal salt in respect to –COOH groups. The <strong>for</strong>med<br />
aggregates are cylindrical in shape as it may be visible in SEM pictures of dried polyesters.<br />
P-68 J. Bojda, E. Piorkowska<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Shear induced nonisothermal crystallization of polylactide<br />
Polylactide (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer which is also produced from annually renewable resources. This fact<br />
is responsible <strong>for</strong> a growing interest in PLA <strong>for</strong> many applications. Both optically pure poly(L-lactide) and poly(Dlactide)<br />
are the crystallizable polymers. However, dimers of different chirality in the polymer chain lower its ability<br />
75
to crystallize. Slowly crystallizing PLAs could be quenched below Tg and cold-crystallized during subsequent<br />
heating from the glassy state. During industrial polymer processing such as injection molding, film blowing, blow<br />
molding and extrusion crystallization occurs in complex thermo-mechanical conditions. Flow is known to enhance<br />
crystallization of many polymers, including poly(L-lactide). It can be expected that the flow enhances crystallization<br />
also in slowly crystallizing PLAs. Our studies focused on shear induced nonisothermal crystallization in PLA<br />
NatureWorks 2002D, having molar mass Mw of 122 kg mol -1 and D-lactide content of 2.8 %, which can be cooled<br />
the glassy state without crystallization even at a relatively low rate of 10 o C min -1 .<br />
P-69 B. Mossety-Leszczak, H. Galina, M. Włodarska, M. Kowalik, Z. Florjańczyk, K. Łokaj<br />
Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, W. Pola 2, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland<br />
The effect of magnetic field on the order degree of nanofillers in liquid crystalline epoxy matrix<br />
Liquid crystalline (LC) polymer networks, particularly epoxy resins are capable of <strong>for</strong>ming systems showing, among<br />
other things, mechanical and optical anisotropy. These properties are related to the stabilization of mesomorphic<br />
properties by curing process, which means preserving the ordered arrangement of rigid mesogenic groups. The<br />
presence of these groups in the network structure, as well as the degree of ordering, has a decisive influence on the<br />
properties of final product. Curing of liquid crystalline epoxides in ordering <strong>for</strong>ce field (e.g. magnetic or electric<br />
field) allows preparation of monodomain materials where mesogenic molecules are arranged alongside selected<br />
direction.<br />
P-70 M. Zarod, A. Galeski<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Maleic anhydride groups localization in PP / clay nanocomposites<br />
Polypropylene/clay nanocomposites are being studied from different research perspectives. Improvements in the<br />
manufacturing process lead into enhancement in rheological and barrier properties. Such improvements are possible<br />
due to dispersion of clay platelets in a polymer matrix (exfoliation). Main problem in achieving good exfoliation lies<br />
in difference in polarity between clay and PP matrix. Most common solution to this problem is application of third<br />
phase, acting as a compatibilizer. Typical compatibilizer is a PP grafted with 0,5% of maleic anhydride groups.<br />
Typical exfoliation examination techniques (such as Wide Angle X-Ray Scattering or Transmission Electron<br />
Microscopy) do not show exact localization of maleic anhydride groups. By application of osmium tetraoxide during<br />
the TEM sample preparation process, compatibilizer was visually identified in TEM pictures. Three different clay /<br />
compatibilizer ratios were examined by this procedure Results were supported by WAXS exfoliation analysis. It was<br />
proved that localization of compatibilizer depends on the material <strong>for</strong>mulation and affects overall exfoliation ratio.<br />
P-71 M. Grala, Z.Bartczak<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Effects of POSS particles on morphology and mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene<br />
In the field of inorganic-organic composite materials, many research interests are oriented to polyhedral oligomeric<br />
silsesquioxane (POSS) based materials, both as organic-inorganic hybrids and as polymer nanocomposites. POSS<br />
are a family of compounds with general <strong>for</strong>mula (RSiO1,5)p where R is hydrogen or an organic group (alkyl, aryl or<br />
any of their derivatives), and are characterized by a size in the range 1-3 nm and by high chemical versatility and<br />
capability to <strong>for</strong>m nanostructures with tailored dimensionality. The dispersion of POSS nanoparticles in polymeric<br />
matrices - such as polyacrylates, polyesters, polyimides, polystyrene and its copolymers - allows to obtain advanced<br />
composite materials with high thermal, mechanical and oxidative per<strong>for</strong>mances. The compatibility of these materials<br />
is expected to be markedly enhanced due to the possibility of modifying the chemical/physical interactions at<br />
polymer-filler interface through introduction of functional groups on the POSS molecules.<br />
P-72 J. Bartusik, Z. Bartczak<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Influence of processing and <strong>for</strong>ming conditions on thermal and mechanical properties of the HDPE-CaCO3 blends<br />
Semi-crystalline polymers such as high density polyethylene (HDPE), while usually ductile, are known to become<br />
brittle under certain conditions, e.g. at high rates of de<strong>for</strong>mation. In many instances however, this brittleness can be<br />
eliminated by incorporation of an elastomeric particles. It was found that addition of particles of carefully selected<br />
76
mineral filler can also lead to a significant improvement of toughness. It was postulated that toughness<br />
enhancement of semicrystalline polymers which were modified with either rubbery or stiff mineral particles is<br />
related to the local orientation of lamellae near the matrix – particle interface. That orientation is due to altered<br />
kinetics of crystallization near the interface, resulting in growth of lamellea oriented preferrentially edge-on with<br />
respect to the interface. At a certain concentration of a particulate modifier, the oriented layers around particles get<br />
into contact and <strong>for</strong>m a continuous phase of the reduced plastic resistance. As a result, the material is ready to<br />
extensive plastic de<strong>for</strong>mation in the matrix ligaments between modifier particles. This process can dissipate<br />
substantial amount of energy upon impact and the material becomes very tough.<br />
P-73 A. Rozanski, A.Galeski<br />
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363<br />
Lodz, Poland<br />
Controlling cavitation of crystalline polymers during tensile drawing<br />
It is commonly accepted that low molecular weight liquids do not possess the ability to transfer tensile stresses. This<br />
is caused by the presence of gases and vapours dissolved in a liquid or isolated in the <strong>for</strong>m of bubbles or solid<br />
contaminants. Meanwhile, ultrapure water included in quartz micro gaps exhibits strength up to 140MPa, which<br />
corresponds to the value obtained basing on the theory of homogeneous nucleation of cavitation in a chemically<br />
pure medium. There<strong>for</strong>e a question arises if in the case of crystalline polymers whose de<strong>for</strong>mation is often<br />
accompanied by the phenomenon of cavitation, the amorphous phase, which in many respects, at the temperature<br />
above its glass transition, resembles low molecular weight liquid, will be subject to the same laws. There<strong>for</strong>e, will<br />
the removal of additives and low molecular weight fractions from the amorphous phase or the introduction of<br />
additional molecules of low molecular weight modifier affect cavitation?<br />
We wish to express thanks to the Hamburg Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (HASYLAB) <strong>for</strong> the beam time<br />
granted within the Projects I 20090069 EC and I 20100253 EC. Also the Grant N N508 468834 from the Polish<br />
Ministry of Science and Higher Education is acknowledged <strong>for</strong> the financial support of the work.<br />
P-74 E. Yavuz, Y.H. Gursel, E. Ahlatcıoglu, F. Senkal, F. Yakupoglu<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul-TURKEY<br />
Synthesis of ABA type hydrogen bonded liquid crystalline block copolymer<br />
Recently, synthesis of liquid crystals in which combine the properties of low molecular weight liquid crystals and<br />
polymers, have become essential research topic <strong>for</strong> their interesting electrical and optical properties. Because of<br />
their properties, their usage is very important at microelectronic cycle application <strong>for</strong> instance, optical data storage<br />
and non-linear optic. A poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) based macroinitiator (MI) with terminal chloride atom at both<br />
ends will be prepared by the reaction of PEG-200 with chloroacetyl chloride and will be used <strong>for</strong> the atom transfer<br />
radical polymerization (ATRP) of ethyl acetate yielding ABA type three block copolymer. The block copolymer<br />
will be hydrolysed to obtain poly (acrylic acide) (PA) block copolymer (PA-b-PEG-b-PA). Then, this copolymer<br />
will be interacted with aminated 8-(4-Cyanobiphenyl-4'-oxy) octan-1-ol (LC8) yielding hydrogen bonded liquid<br />
crystaline copolymer. The structure and the thermal properties of the copolymer will be investigated by using H-<br />
NMR, FT-IR and POM, DTA, respectively<br />
This work was supported by the Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Council (TUBITAK) (Project<br />
Number: 108T722).<br />
P-75 S. Alkazan, E. Yavuz, B.F. Şenkal<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul-TURKEY<br />
Preparation of sulfonamide based polymeric sorbent <strong>for</strong> removal of Hg +2 from water<br />
Removal of mercury from aqueous solution is of special importance in waste water treatments and in<br />
hydrometallurgical applications. Removal of trace mercury can not be achieved by conventional ion exchangers.<br />
Removal of mercury and other toxic metals require more efficient sorbents. Specially designed chelating polymers<br />
show excellent metal-uptake capabilities and these have been discussed in many articles and reviews. Thiol and<br />
amide groups have been used in the design of polymeric sorbents <strong>for</strong> binding mercury ion selectively.<br />
Amide groups provide a good selectivity in mercury binding. The mercury-amide linkage is covalent and the<br />
reaction takes place even in aqueous solutions at room temperature. For this purpose, chlorosulfonated polystyrene<br />
77
eads have been modified in two steps by a reaction with N,N’ dimethylene diamine and 2-chloroacetamide <strong>for</strong> the<br />
selective extraction of mercuric ions. This polystyrene based resin is able to selectively sorb mercury from aqueous<br />
solutions. The mercury sorption capacity of the resin is around 2 mmol / g under non-buffered conditions. The<br />
experiments per<strong>for</strong>med under identical conditions with some metal ions reveal that Cd(II), Mg(II), Zn(II), and<br />
Fe(III) ions are also extractable in low quantity (01–0.3mmol / g). The sorbed mercury can be eluted by repeated<br />
treatment with hot acetic acid without hydrolysis of the amide groups.<br />
P-76 M. Anyfantakis, A. Königer, S. Pispa, W. Köhler, H.-J. Butt, B. Loppinet, G. Fytas<br />
Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece; Max Planck Institute <strong>for</strong> Polymer<br />
Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany<br />
Light activated matter manipulation in polymer solutions<br />
The exploration of the interactions between laser light and soft materials is a constantly growing field of scientific<br />
research. The reason of interest is the possibility to manipulate these materials and consequently tailor their<br />
properties at will. Despite the vivid interest which led to a significant improvement of our understanding, several<br />
relevant aspects still remain unclear. An example of such a mysterious light-soft matter coupling is the unpredicted<br />
material organization along a cw visible laser beam, observed in homogeneous entangled solutions of 1, 4-poly<br />
(butadiene) and 1, 4-poly(isoprene). When irradiated with a mild (
P-79 B. Nabil, B. Farouk, Ch. Abdellah, B. Djamel<br />
Labo. Applied Optics, Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Ferhat Abbas University Setif, Algeria<br />
Creep behavior of polyurethane polishers used in CMP<br />
The use of polyurethane polisher in optical components Chemical Mechanical Polishing process (CMP) is actually<br />
very common. Polyurethane polishing pads with specific physicochemical characteristics have shown a great ability<br />
to produce very high surface quality. The product quality is closely linked to the polisher quality during its use.<br />
Several causes can contribute to the polishing pads wear as the creep phenomenon. This study aims to highlight the<br />
existence of the creep phenomenon <strong>for</strong> polyurethane polishers and its influence on the quality and efficiency of the<br />
polishing process. Creep tests were conducted on polyurethane polishers LP66 and LP57 that have been recovered<br />
during the polishing operations. The evolution of the pads de<strong>for</strong>mation during creep tests was measured <strong>for</strong> 24<br />
hours. The polished surfaces quality and the process efficiency were also characterized.<br />
P-80 G. Lapienis, R. Szymanski<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, PAS, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Complexation of sodium cations by star-shaped polymers with core <strong>for</strong>med from diepoxides and poly(ethylene<br />
oxide) arms<br />
Nontoxic fully hydrophillic star PEO polymers were prepared. Their potential application as solid polymer<br />
electrolytes is under investigation. 23Na NMR spectroscopy was used <strong>for</strong> studying complexes of sodium cations<br />
with star-shaped polymers and MPEG 2000. In our study a model compound of star-shaped polymer [AxBy(OH)x]<br />
with 15 arms of MPEG 2000 (A) and a core <strong>for</strong>med from diglycidyl ether of neopentyl glycol (B) was chosen.<br />
P-81 M. Gonokami, Y. Ohtake, S. Kawahara<br />
Department of Materials Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering, Nagaoka University of<br />
Technology, 1603-1 kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan<br />
The behavior of the antioxidant decreasing and polymer’s degradation in polypropylene in tap water<br />
Use of polypropylene products in tap water decreases its lifetime as compared to in the air. The reason is that<br />
antioxidants, which determine polymers’ lifetime, dissolve into water rapidly and polypropylene products become<br />
easy to deteriorate. Especially, when water contains residual chlorine, polypropylene products generate carbonyl<br />
group which shows the oxidation degradation on its surface and this leads to the strength degradation.<br />
P-82 N. Belkhir, F. Benali, A. Chorfa, D. Bouzid<br />
Labo. Applied Optics, Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Ferhat Abbas University Setif, Algeria<br />
Creep behavior of polyurethane polishers used in CMP<br />
The use of polyurethane polisher in optical components Chemical Mechanical Polishing process (CMP) is actually<br />
very common. Polyurethane polishing pads with specific physicochemical characteristics have shown a great ability<br />
to produce very high surface quality. The product quality is closely linked to the polisher quality during its use.<br />
Several causes can contribute to the polishing pads wear as the creep phenomenon.<br />
P-83 C. Hamciuc, I.-D. Carja, E. Hamciuc, T. Vlad-Bubulac<br />
“Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41A, Iasi-700487, Romania<br />
Aromatic polyimides and poly(amide imide)s containing phthalonitrile pendant groups<br />
Two series of phthalonitrile-containing polymers, poly(amide imide)s and polyimides, were prepared and<br />
characterized. All the polymers showed good solubility in polar organic solvents and some of them could be cast<br />
into thin flexible films. They exhibited high thermal stability. The presence of phthalonitrile groups increased the<br />
dielectric constant and humidity absorption. By applying a thermal treatment an increase of solvent resistance and<br />
glass transition temperature was observed. Polymer films presented nano-actuation in the range of 100-450 nm, at<br />
220 V dc, with flexible thin electrodes.<br />
79
P-84 O. Gunduz, Z. Ahmad, E. Stride, M. Edirisinghe<br />
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E<br />
7JE, UK; Department of Metal Education, Technical Education Faculty, Marmara University, Istanbul,<br />
34722, Turkey<br />
Polymer coated bubbles from simple microfluidic devices<br />
Many advances in polymer science over the last few decades have focused on the utilisation of these materials at the<br />
life science interface. Scaling down in size has often been one of the key drivers <strong>for</strong> many research objectives. By<br />
achieving miniaturised devices such as polymer micro and nano particles, fibres and lab-chip structures, novel<br />
approaches have demonstrated their potential to address outstanding biomaterial issues. One such area which has<br />
been off growing interest in the past few years is bubbles. These structures seem mundane but their application<br />
database is growing rapidly from drug-delivery and imaging to environmental science and engineering applications.<br />
In this study, we demonstrate the <strong>for</strong>ming of polymer bubbles using a simplistic microfluidic device. We also show<br />
what parameters are used and the ways in which resulting structures can be used in drug delivery.<br />
P-85 S. Srivastava, S. Kumar, V.K. Jain, Y.K. Vijay<br />
Thin Film and Membrane Science Lab, Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302055,<br />
INDIA<br />
Temperature dependence of gas sensing properties of polyaniline and titanium dioxide (TiO2)/polyaniline composite<br />
based chemiresistor hydrogen gas sensor<br />
Gas sensing instruments are required to meet increasingly stringent legal restrictions, industrial health and safety<br />
requirements as well as <strong>for</strong> environmental monitoring, automotive applications and <strong>for</strong> manufacturing process<br />
control. To meet these demands, the sensitivity, selectivity and stability of conventional devices need to be<br />
drastically improved. Today, hydrogen (H2) is an important industrial chemical. Recently, H2 has attracted much<br />
attention as a clean, efficient, and sustainable energy source. A H2 leak in large quantity should be avoided because<br />
H2, when mixed with air in the ratio of 4.65-93.9 volume % is explosive. In addition it can catch fire, <strong>for</strong> example,<br />
from spark. For this reason, there is a big demand of reliable, flexible, inexpensive H2 gas sensors to prevent<br />
accidents due to its leakage. In the present work we have reported the effect of temperature on the gas sensing<br />
properties of pure Polyaniline (PANI) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) doped PANI composite thin film based<br />
chemiresistor type gas sensors <strong>for</strong> hydrogen gas sensing application. PANI and TiO2/PANI composite were<br />
synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium persulfate in an acidic<br />
medium. The thin sensing film of chemically synthesized PANI and TiO2/PANI composite were deposited onto<br />
finger type Cu-interdigited electrodes using spin cast technique to prepared chemiresistor type gas sensor.<br />
P-86 B.F. Senkal, I. Kucukkaya, E. Yavuz<br />
Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak-Istanbul 34469, TURKEY<br />
The synthesis of sulfonamide based polymeric sorbents <strong>for</strong> selective removal of mercury from water<br />
The use of polymer-bonded ligands in selective mercury removal has been the subject of many research articles<br />
(1,2) and reviews (3,4). Two common ligand types, sulfur and amide are being used currently in the design of<br />
polymer sorbents <strong>for</strong> binding mercuric ions selectively. In this study, new polymeric resins with sulfonamide<br />
pendant functions have been prepared <strong>for</strong> the selective extraction of mercuric ions. Crosslinked<br />
Poly(glycidylmethacrylate)(PGMA)-ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) resin was prepared by using<br />
suspension polymerization method. The resin was treated with ammonia to obtain amine functional group. The<br />
resulting resin was interacted with benzene sulfonyl chloride to obtain sulphonamide pendant methacrylates based<br />
sorbent (resin 1). Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) was grafted onto crosslinked poly(styrene) beads through the 2chloroethyl<br />
sulphonamide groups present in the resin using ATRP polymerization method (resin 2). The resin 1 and<br />
resin 2 are efficient sorbents <strong>for</strong> removal mercury through the sulfonamide groups. On the basis of the basic reaction<br />
of the mercuric ions with sulfonamide groups, this yielded covalent mercury-sulfonamide linkages.<br />
80
P-87 E. Yavuz, G. Barim, M.S. Celik,, B.F. Senkal<br />
Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak-Istanbul 34469, TURKEY<br />
Grafting of polyacrylamide onto clay <strong>for</strong> selective removal of Hg 2+ ion from water<br />
In order to monitor and prevent Hg 2+ pollution, a number of different technologies, such as precipitation,<br />
biosorption, membrane filtration, ionic exchange and solvent extraction (6), have been used <strong>for</strong> removal of Hg 2+<br />
from wastewater. Removal of mercury and other toxic metals require more efficient sorbents. Specially designed<br />
chelating polymers show excellent metal-uptake capabilities and these have been discussed in many articles and<br />
reviews. Cross linked polyacrylamide was extremely powerful sorbent <strong>for</strong> mercury uptake. In this study,<br />
polyacrylamide grafted onto clay by using redox polymerization method in the presence of Ce (IV) salt. Obtained<br />
sorbent has been demonstrated to be a very efficient selective sorbent <strong>for</strong> removal of mercuric ions from aqueous<br />
solutions. The mercury-uptake capacity of the sorbent is as high as 1.65 mmol/g and sorption is also reasonably fast.<br />
The Hg (II) sorption is selective and no interferences have been observed in the presence of Pb (II), Cd(II), Fe(III)<br />
ions in 0.1 M concentrations. Regeneration of the mercury loaded sorbent without losing its original activity can be<br />
achieved using hot acetic acid.<br />
P-88 P. Polanowski, J. K. Jeszka, K. Matyjaszewski<br />
Department of Molecular Physics, Technical University of Lodz, 90-924 Lodz, Poland<br />
Branching and gelation in copolymerization of monomer and cross-linker by ATRP– simulation studies<br />
Development of advanced polymeric materials with complex, precisely defined architecture is challenging, and<br />
requires better understanding of the polymerization processes. One of the most powerful methods of synthesis of<br />
such materials is Controlled Radical Polymerization (CRP) in particular Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization<br />
(ATRP) compared with the conventional radical copolymerization where initiation is slow and chain growth is very<br />
fast, the CRP processes provides better control of molecular architecture and yield macromolecules with preserved<br />
chain-end functionality and more homogeneous structure. Computer simulations can be helpful in predicting<br />
structure and some properties of the obtained macromolecules as a function of time, conversion, initial composition<br />
of the system and other parameters. Using of the classical kinetic simulations and the mean-field Flory-Stockmayer<br />
models gives often not satisfactory results because the system parameters and topology of macromolecules change<br />
significantly as the reaction proceeds.<br />
P-89 S. Chisca, I. Sava, M. Bruma<br />
„Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, Iasi 700487, Romania<br />
Nano- and micro-porous polyimide films <strong>for</strong> advanced dielectric materials<br />
In this study, we present a simple and effective route <strong>for</strong> the synthesis of porous PI films with low dielectric<br />
constant. Polyimide film was prepared from poly(amic acid) solution by casting. The poly(amic acid) was<br />
synthesized at room temperature, by the reaction of benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and 4,4’diamino-3,3’-dimethyl-diphenylmethane<br />
in DMAc, at 15% concentration. Be<strong>for</strong>e film casting, different amounts of<br />
lithium chloride (LiCl) were dissolved in poly(amic acid) solution to obtain a 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% LiCl in<br />
poly(amic acid). The polyimide films were obtained by casting the poly(amic acid) solution containing LiCl onto<br />
glass plates and drying at 60 ºC over 4 h to evaporate the solvent. The subsequent heating of the precursor films at<br />
100, 150, 200 <strong>for</strong> 1 h at each temperature and at 250 ºC <strong>for</strong> 4 h, resulted in a final polyimide film. Lithium chloride<br />
was removed from the film matrix by extraction with distilled water <strong>for</strong> 4 h in a Soxhlet apparatus. The resulting<br />
porous structure of the films was evidenced by different techniques, such as AFM and SEM. The dielectric<br />
constant, at 1 Hz and room temperature, <strong>for</strong> these porous polyimide films was in the range of 2 - 3.2, with the lowest<br />
value <strong>for</strong> extracted polyimide which contained 4% LiCl.<br />
P-90 A. T. Gökçeören, F.B. Şenkal, C. Erbil<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Science and Letters Faculty, Chemistry Department, 34469 Maslak,<br />
İstanbul, Turkey<br />
Network and swelling parameters of tetra allyl ammonium bromide-crosslinked N-isopropyl acrylamide hydrogels<br />
It is well-known that poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm) gels undergo a volume phase transition at the<br />
transition temperature from a swollen state to a shrunken state by increasing temperature (~ 32-34 o C), which has<br />
been attributed to a delicate hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance. Incorporation of hydrophilic/hydrophobic<br />
81
comonomers into PNIPAAm hydrogels changes gel swelling behaviour as well as other physicochemical properties<br />
including mechanical strength, solute diffusivity and solvent absorption. The focus of this study is the development<br />
of thermosensitive hydrogels of PNIPAAm crosslinked with a novel zwitterionic octafunctional crosslinker. The<br />
swelling experiments showed that when tetrafunctional N,N’-methylene bisacrylamide (BIS) was replaced by<br />
octafunctional crosslinker tetraallyl ammonium bromide (TAB), the hydrogels fell into the category of<br />
superabsorbent materials.<br />
P-91 M.Walczak, A. Galeski, M. Wübbenhorst, S. Napolitano, G. Regnier<br />
Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Science, 90-363 Lodz, Poland<br />
Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy on PC/PS multilayers<br />
Multilayered films PC/PS with alternating 257 layers were coextruded thanks to a specific process of coextrusion at<br />
Case Western Reserve University. The total films thicknesses were 25 µm. Relative compositions were varied to<br />
produce PC and PS layers with different thicknesses. Additionally the control samples of PC and PS with the<br />
thickness of 25 μm were coextruded in the same way. There was reasonably good correlation between the PC and<br />
PS layers real thickness as measured by AFM and the estimated thickness determined from the processing<br />
parameters. In order to investigate the deviations from the simple 2 phase component in multilayered films,<br />
dielectric relaxation spectroscopy was done. The measurements clearly provide evidence <strong>for</strong> those deviations.<br />
Additionally the dielectric response of the multilayer samples was modeled using some assumptions.<br />
P-92 K. D. Demir, B. Kiskan,Y. Yagci<br />
Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Chemistry Department, Maslak, TR-34469,<br />
Istanbul, Turkey<br />
Thermally curable acetylene containing main chain benzoxazine polymers via sonogashira coupling reaction<br />
The interest of academics and chemical industry in 1,3-benzoxazine chemistry is growing rapidly due to many<br />
unique properties of polybenzoxazines such as near zero volumetric change upon curing, high thermal stability,<br />
good mechanical per<strong>for</strong>mance. Many studies have been conducted to improve the properties of benzoxazine<br />
polymers and to expand their application scopes. A recently active concept in benzoxazine resin research is based on<br />
the synthesis of telechelic, main- or side-chain polymers containing benzoxazine moieties. In the main chain<br />
polymers, the obtained precursors contain benzoxazine structures in every repeating unit and there<strong>for</strong>e leads to the<br />
<strong>for</strong>mation of highly crosslinked network structures after thermal treatment.<br />
82
List of Presenters<br />
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS<br />
Ak F. P-55<br />
Akay G. P-52<br />
Albertsson A.-Ch. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 12:15 PL-04<br />
Alkazan S. P-75<br />
Anastasiadis S. H. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 14:30 IL-29<br />
Antonietti M. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 15:30 IL-23<br />
Anyfantakis M. P-76<br />
Argun A. P-54<br />
Arkusz J. P-37<br />
Arkusz J. DAMASK Tuesday, 17:30 L-21<br />
Arnold U. SATIN 2 Wednesday, 12:20 L-11<br />
Ataci N. P-18<br />
Bartusik J. P-72<br />
Basinska T. P-25<br />
Basko M. P-66<br />
Bednarek M. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 17:00 L-46<br />
Belkhir N. P-82<br />
Beltrán A. P-43<br />
Beltrán A. DAMASK Tuesday, 17:10 L-20<br />
Biedroń T. P-67<br />
Biela T. SATIN 2 Wednesday, 11:05 IL-09<br />
Bilici C. P-50<br />
Bojda J. P-68<br />
Bourbigot S. DAMASK Monday, 16:00 IL-13<br />
Bratek-Skicki A. P-35<br />
Brzeziński M. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 16:50 L-05<br />
Cakmak H. P-53<br />
Camino G. DAMASK Monday, 15:00 IL-11<br />
Carvalho H. W. P. DAMASK Monday, 17:00 L-14<br />
Charoenthai N. DAMASK Wednesday, 13:00 L-29<br />
Chisca S. P-89<br />
Chojnowski J. SATIN 1 Wednesday, 10:35 L-40<br />
Cichorek M. P-46<br />
Ciechańska D. P-41<br />
Daly W. H. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 14:30 IL-24<br />
Damaceanu M.-D. BALLROOM 1 Wednesday, 12:20 L-57<br />
Davidovich-Pinhas<br />
M. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 17:10 L-06<br />
Delczyk-Olejniczak<br />
B. P-48<br />
Demir K.D. P-92<br />
83
Doi Y. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 11:30 PL-03<br />
Domb A. J. SATIN 1 Monday, 15:30 IL-19<br />
Duda A. SATIN 2 Monday, 14:30 IL-01<br />
Dutkiewicz S. P-14<br />
Dworak A. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 15:00 IL-07<br />
Economy J. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 09:45 PL-06<br />
Edlund U. SATIN 2 Wednesday, 10:35 IL-08<br />
Farbod K. SATIN 2 Wednesday, 12:40 L-12<br />
Figiel Ł. DAMASK Wednesday, 11:05 L-25<br />
Florjańczyk Z. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 14:30 IL-22<br />
Fontaine G. SATIN 2 Monday, 17:20 L-02<br />
Fradet A. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 15:30 IL-26<br />
Fytas G. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 14:00 IL-21<br />
Gadzinowski M. DAMASK Tuesday, 17:50 L-22<br />
Galeski A. SATIN 2 Monday, 15:30 IL-03<br />
Galina H. DAMASK Tuesday, 15:00 IL-16<br />
Ganicz T. P-24<br />
Gatabi M.G. DAMASK Wednesday, 12:20 L-27<br />
Gąska K. P-47<br />
Geckeler K. E. SATIN 1 Monday, 15:00 IL-18<br />
Gilormini P. BALLROOM 1 Wednesday, 12:40 L-58<br />
Głębocki B. P-61<br />
Gnanou Y. BALLROOM 1 Wednesday, 09:45 PL-10<br />
Gökçeören A. T. P-90<br />
Gonokami M. P-81<br />
Gosecka M. P-26<br />
Gosecki M. P-06<br />
Grala M. P-71<br />
Gunduz O. P-84<br />
Gupta B. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 16:30 L-04<br />
Gupta K. K. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 18:10 L-09<br />
Haber D. P-57, P-58<br />
Hamciuc C. P-83<br />
Hooshangi F. P-21<br />
Imoto K. SATIN 1 Wednesday, 12:20 L-43<br />
Jaffe M. SATIN 2 Wednesday, 13:00 L-13<br />
Jaskiewicz K. I. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 17:30 L-07<br />
Jenjob S. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 17:50 L-38<br />
Jurczuk K. BALLROOM 1 Wednesday, 13:00 L-59<br />
Kaluzynski K. P-05<br />
Kamiński K. P-15<br />
Kandola B. DAMASK Monday, 15:30 IL-12<br />
Katbab A. A. P-34<br />
Katbab A. A. SATIN 1 Monday, 17:40 L-32<br />
84
Kawahara S. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 16:30 L-49<br />
Kępska B. P-29<br />
Khokhlov A. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 10:15 PL-02<br />
Kiersnowski A P-40<br />
Kisiel R. SATIN 2 Wednesday, 12:00 L-10<br />
Klein J. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 11:45 PL-08<br />
Klok H.-A. SATIN 2 Monday, 16:00 IL-04<br />
Komasa J. P-12<br />
Kościuszko A. SATIN 1 Wednesday, 12:00 L-42<br />
Kowalczyk D. P-30, P-31<br />
Kowalewska A. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 17:50 L-53<br />
Kowalski A. P-03<br />
Kozakiewicz J. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 17:50 L-08<br />
Kozłowska J. P-10<br />
Królikowska H. P-42<br />
Krucińska I. DAMASK Tuesday; 16:30 L-18<br />
Krucińska I. DAMASK Wednesday, 10:35 L-24<br />
Krysiak K. P-11<br />
Kugler S. P-17<br />
Kundys A. P-09<br />
Kusiak B. P-32<br />
Lapienis G. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 17:10 L-51<br />
Laslau C. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 16:50 L-35<br />
Lecommandoux S. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 14:30 IL-06<br />
Lendlein A. DAMASK Tuesday, 15:30 L-17<br />
Makowski T. P-33<br />
Marosi G. DAMASK Tuesday, 14:30 IL-15<br />
Matyjaszewski K. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 09:00 PL-05<br />
Mazurek M. P-07<br />
Mechrez G. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 16:30 L-34<br />
Mednova O. P-36<br />
Michalak A. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 15:00 IL-25<br />
Mirbaha H. DAMASK Tuesday, 18:10 L-23<br />
Moazzen A. DAMASK Wednesday, 12:00 L-26<br />
Mossety-Leszczak B. P-69<br />
Nabil B. P-79<br />
Nowakowska M. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 15:30 IL-08<br />
Numata K. SATIN 2 Monday, 17:40 L-03<br />
Ober Ch. K. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 09:30 PL-01<br />
Orakdogen N. P-59<br />
Oztoprak Z. P-49<br />
Pattanatornchai T. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 18:10 L-39<br />
Pawlak A. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 16:50 L-50<br />
Pierini F. P-23<br />
85
Pluta M. P-04<br />
Polanowski P. P-88<br />
Pospiech P. P-64<br />
Potai R. DAMASK Wednesday, 12:40 L-28<br />
Pracella M. SATIN 2 Monday, 17:00 L-01<br />
Pretula J. P-05<br />
Proks V. P-13<br />
Puchowicz D. P-44, P-45<br />
Pyrz R. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 17:30 L-52<br />
Rahman ur M. DAMASK Monday, 17:40 L-16<br />
Ramos M.S. DAMASK Tuesday, 16:50 L-19<br />
Ratanajanchai M. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 17:30 L-37<br />
Régnier G. BALLROOM 1 Wednesday, 11:05 L-55<br />
Ritter H. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 16:00 IL-27<br />
Rivas B. L. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 14:00 IL-28<br />
Rodriguez-Perez M.<br />
A. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 15:00 L-33<br />
Rokicki G. SATIN 2 Tuesday, 14:00 IL-05<br />
Rozanski A. P-73<br />
Rusu D.-R. P-78<br />
Rydzek G. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 17:20 L-47<br />
Rypáček F. SATIN 2 Monday, 15:00 IL-02<br />
Rysz J. SATIN 1 Wednesday, 12:40 L-44<br />
Sahin M. P-51<br />
Sarac A. P-38, P-39<br />
Senkal B. F. P-86<br />
Sergeeva S. P-01<br />
Sołtysiak J. P-77<br />
Spiess H. W. SATIN 1 Monday, 14:30 IL-17<br />
Srivastava S. P-85<br />
Steinborn-Rogulska<br />
I. P-08<br />
Strzemiecka B. BALLROOM 1 Wednesday, 12:00 L-56<br />
Suckeveriene R. Y. SATIN 1 Tuesday, 17:10 L-36<br />
Sulak K. P-56<br />
Sumit K. P-65<br />
Szelag A. P-60<br />
Szymanski R. P-80<br />
Tajitsu Y. SATIN 1 Wednesday, 11:05 L-41<br />
Tarantili P. SATIN 1 Monday, 17:20 L-31<br />
Tarantili P. P-19, P-22<br />
Tarasova N. BALLROOM 1 Wednesday, 09:00 PL-09<br />
Tavakalyan N. P-02<br />
Teyssedre H. SATIN 1 Monday, 17:00 L-30<br />
86
Toman P. P-63<br />
Tracz A. BALLROOM 1 Monday, 17:40 L-48<br />
Ulanski J. BALLROOM 1 Wednesday, 10:35 IL-30<br />
Ulanski P. SATIN 1 Monday, 16:00 IL-20<br />
Voelkel A. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 18:10 L-54<br />
Voit B. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 11:00 PL-07<br />
Walczak M. P-91<br />
Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska A. P-62<br />
Wawrzyn E. DAMASK Monday, 17:20 L-15<br />
Wenda M. P-28<br />
Wilkie Ch. A. DAMASK Monday, 14:30 IL-10<br />
Władyka-Przybylak<br />
M. DAMASK Tuesday, 14:00 IL-14<br />
Wozniak P. P-27<br />
Yagci Y. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 15:30 IL-31<br />
Yavuz E. P-74, P-87<br />
Zarod M. P-70<br />
Zdanowicz M. P-16<br />
Zemła J. SATIN 1 Wednesday, 13:00 L-45<br />
Zemła J. P-20<br />
Žigon M. BALLROOM 1 Tuesday, 15:00 IL-30<br />
87
List of other Participants<br />
Andrzejewski J. Świerzawski D.<br />
Ceylan T. Tomotaka S.<br />
Chardin E. Trevorrow P.<br />
Cieślak M. Uznanski P.<br />
Cypryk M Vlad-Bubulac T.<br />
Daly J. Wąsikowska K.<br />
Djafari S. Wolska J. M.<br />
Economy Mrs.<br />
Ekemen Z.<br />
Fortuniak W.<br />
George J.<br />
Goetzendorf-Grabowska B.<br />
Jermakowicz-Bartkowiak D.<br />
Johnson Iain J.<br />
Karaszewska A.<br />
Kazimierczak J.<br />
Kazimierczak T.<br />
Kelm O.<br />
Komisarczyk A.<br />
Kubisa P.<br />
Kurjata J.<br />
Lewiński P.<br />
Libiszowski J.<br />
Majchrzak M.<br />
Mickiewicz D.<br />
Mogharebi S.<br />
Nowacka M.<br />
Ortyl J.<br />
Penczek S.<br />
Piórkowska-Gałęska E.<br />
Płachta K.<br />
Ritter Mrs.<br />
Rivas Mrs.<br />
Shtykova E.<br />
Socka M.<br />
Spychaj T.<br />
Stępnik M.<br />
Szkudlarek E.<br />
88
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