Official Report (for web) - 42nd International Chemistry Olympiad

42nd International Chemistry Olympiad
Official Report
July 19-28, 2010, Japan

42 nd International Chemistry Olympiad
Closing Ceremony Remarks
It is a pleasure to see you again. I hope you have enjoyed the 42nd International Chemistry
Olympiad.
Louis Pasteur once said, “Science has no borders, but scientists have their own
fatherlands.” Science is objective. But making scientific discoveries and accumulating
scientific knowledge are human activities.
Every region and ethnic group has its own culture, and the world’s scientists have grown up
in these diverse cultures. But for the scientists of the 21st century, I believe we have a
mission to work in close solidarity, while respecting our diverse cultures, for the sustaining
of humankind. We must build a civilization that accepts and respects diverse cultures.
The 20th century was an era of international competition, symbolized by war and economic
rivalry. In the 21st century, however, we must cooperate for the survival of humanity
within the limitations of our planet earth. Every nation has a different history and sometimes
our interests clash. But no country can exist on its own. Everything begins with
understanding between individuals. Friendships across the seas and firm relationships of
trusts are the cornerstones of international security.
You young people here today will be the next generation of leaders. It is my hope that
learning will be a process of joy for you and that you will develop a firm grounding in
whatever specialty you may undertake in the future. But this alone is not enough. You must
also acquire a thorough understanding of society’s conventions and ethics, and the skills to
work with other people. Society needs all kinds of people. We all have different talents and
values. What society needs are people who are highly motivated and have diverse skills. I
hope to see you mature into the kind of person who can make significant contribution to
society.
Now that the Olympiad is over you will be departing Japan for your various home countries
and regions. Please build on the networks of friendship and science that you have formed
here. I hope that you will never forget this time in Tokyo and that the experience will be a
stepping stone to your future and to the world.
Finally, I would like to close by expressing my appreciation to everyone who worked so hard
to make this event possible.
Thank you.
1
Ryoji Noyori, IChO Chair
July 27, 2010

Official report “Report of the 42 nd IChO” Contents
Closing Ceremony remarks 1
Contents 2
Overview of the 42 nd IChO
Hosts and Sponsors 3
Venues, Participants, and Results 5
Participating Countries 6
Programs
3
Tasks
Students 7
Mentors 8
Guests 9
Translation Languages 10
Practical Problems 11
Theoretical Problems 38
Final Results and Ranking 70
Statistical Analysis of the Problems 77
10
Minutes of the International Jury and Steering Committee Meetings 85
Regulations of the International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO) 89
List of Participants
Head mentors, Mentors, Observers, and Guests 107
Students 114
107
Country Participation Fees 121
Budget of the 42nd IChO 122
List of Organizers 123
2

42 nd International Chemistry Olympiad
19-28 July 2010, Japan
Overview of the 42 nd IChO
Hosts
IChO Japan Committee
Waseda University The University of Tokyo
The Association for the Progress of New Chemistry
Catalysis Society of Japan The Ceramic Society of Japan
The Chemical Society of Japan The Electrochemical Society of Japan
Japan Chemical Industry Association The Japan Institute of Energy
Japan Oil Chemists' Society The Japan Petroleum Institute
Japan Science Foundation The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry
Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan
The Society of Polymer Science, Japan The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Science Council of Japan
Japan Science and Technology Agency Japan Chemical Innovation Institute
Japan Society of Physics and Chemistry Education
Zenkoku Tyugakkou Rikakyouiku Kenkyukai
Japan Broadcasting Corporation
The Asahi Shimbun The Chemical Daily
The Chunichi Shimbun The Mainichi Newspapers
Nikkei Inc. Sankei Shimbun Co.
The Science News Ltd The Yomiuri Shimbun
Sponsors
Adeka Corporation Air Water Inc.
Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Asahikasei Corporation
Astomos Energy Corporation Bando Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Brighestone Corporation Casio Computer Co., Ltd.
Central Glass Co., Ltd. Cosmo Oil Co., Ltd.
Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Daicel-Evonik Ltd.
Daikin Industries, Ltd. Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co., Ltd
Dainippon Tosho Publishing Co., Ltd. Daiso Co., Ltd.
Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha DIC Corporation
Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd. Du Pont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Company, Ltd.
Du Pont-Mitsui Polychemicals Co., Ltd Du Pont-Toray Co., Ltd.
Ebara Corporation Exxon Mobil Corporation
Fujifilm Corporation Fujitsu Limited
Fukuvi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Fuso Chemical Co., Ltd.
Gun Ei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Harima Chemicals, Inc.
Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Hitachi, Ltd.
Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd. Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Inabata & Co., Ltd.
Japan Energy Corporation Japan Oil Transportation
Japan Steel Drum Association Japan U-Pica Company Ltd.
Japan Vilene Company, Ltd. JSP Corporation
JSR Corporation Kagaku-Dojin Publishing Co., Inc.
Kaneka Corporation Kao Corporation
Kinden Corporation Kobe Steel, Ltd.
Kodansha Ltd. Koei Chemical Co., Ltd.
Konishi Co., Ltd. Kuraray Co., Ltd.
Kureha Corporation Kygnus Sekiyu K.K.
3

Kyokutou Kai Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
Kyushu Oil Co., Ltd. Lanxess K.K.
Lion Corporation Marubeni Corporation
Maruishi Chemical Trading Co., Ltd. Maruzen Co., Ltd.
Maruzen Petrochemical Co., Ltd. Matsumoto Yushi-Seiyaku Co., Ltd.
Meiwa Industry Co., Ltd. Meiwa Plastic Industries, Ltd.
Microsoft Corporation Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
Mitsubishi Corporation Mitsubishi Engineering-Plastics Corporation
Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.
Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Mitsubishi Materials Electronic Chemicals Co., Ltd
Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc. Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. Mitsui Chemicals, Inc
Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd.
Mitsui-Soko Co., Ltd. Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Co., Ltd.
Nagoya Asahi Kai Nanbu Plastics Co., Ltd.
NEC Corporation Nihon Medi-Physics Co., Ltd
Nihon Millipore K.K. Nihon Oxirane Co., Ltd.
Nippon Kasei Chemical Company Limited Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
Nippon Oil Corporation Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.
Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Nitto Denko Corporation NOF Corporation
Oji paper Co., Ltd. Organo Corporation
Osaka Kyokusou Kai Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd.
Panasonic Corporation Sanki
Sankyu Inc. Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Sekisui Jushi Corporation
Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd. Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
Shinto Paint Co., Ltd. Shiseido Co., Ltd.
Shoko Co., Ltd Showa Denko K.K
Showa Engineering Co., Ltd. Showa Highpolymer Co., Ltd.
Showa Paxxs Corporation Showa Tansan Co., Ltd.
Soda Aromatic Co., Ltd. Sumika Chemical Analysis Service, Ltd.
Sumika Color Co., Ltd. Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.
Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Sumitomo Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd.
Sumitomo Corporation Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Company Limited
Sunallomer Ltd. Taiheiyo Cement Corporation
Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation Taiyo Oil Company, Limited
Taiyo Vinyl Corporation Takasago International Corporation
Taoka Chemical Co., Ltd. Teijin Limited
The Japan Steel Works, Ltd. The Japan Wool Textile Co., Ltd.
The Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Toagosei Co., Ltd.
Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Tokuyama Corporation
Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Tokyo Electric Power Company, Inc.
Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.
Tokyo Printing Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd. TOLI Corporation
Toray Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. Toray Industries, Inc.
Toray Research Center, Inc. Toshiba Corporation
Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation
Tosoh Corporation Toyo Engineering Corporation
Toyo Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd. Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd.
Toyota Motor Corporation Ube Industries, Ltd.
Ube Material Industries, Ltd. Ube-Mitsubishi Cement Corporation
Ube-Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd. UMG ABS, Ltd.
Unitika Ltd. Yamatake Corporation
Yokogawa Electric Corporation ZKAI Co., Ltd.
4

Venues
Practical Exam, Closing Ceremony: Waseda University
Theoretical Exam: The University of Tokyo
Students Accommodations, Opening Ceremony:
National Olympics Memorial Youth Centre (NYC)
Mentors Accommodations:
Overseas Vocational Training Association (OVTA)
Participants
Countries:
68 Participating Countries
3 Observing Countries:
Liechtenstein – 2 nd year
Nigeria – 1 st year
Serbia – 1 st year
Unable to send students but sent observers:
Saudi Arabia
Invited but did not participate:
Egypt
Observation approved but no registration nor delegation arrived:
Uzbekistan
Number of participants:
Students: 267
Head Mentors, Mentors: 133
Observers: 65
Guests: 37
Results
Gold Medalists: 32
Silver Medalists: 58
Bronze Medalists: 86
Honorable Mentions: 9
IUPAC Awardees: 2
5

Participating Countries
Country Code Country Code
1 Argentina ARG 35 Kuwait KWT
2 Armenia ARM 36 Kyrgyzstan KGZ
3 Australia AUS 37 Latvia LVA
4 Austria AUT 38 Lithuania LTU
5 Azerbaijan AZE 39 Malaysia MYS
6 Belarus BLR 40 Mexico MEX
7 Belgium BEL 41 Moldova MDA
8 Brazil BRA 42 Mongolia MNG
9 Bulgaria BGR 43 Netherlands NLD
10 Canada CAN 44 New Zealand NZL
11 China CHN 45 Norway NOR
12 Chinese Taipei TPE 46 Pakistan PAK
13 Costa Rica CRI 47 Peru PER
14 Croatia HRV 48 Poland POL
15 Cuba CUB 49 Portugal PRT
16 Cyprus CYP 50 Romania ROU
17 Czech Republic CZE 51 Russian Federation RUS
18 Denmark DNK 52 Singapore SGP
19 Estonia EST 53 Slovakia SVK
20 Finland FIN 54 Slovenia SVN
21 France FRA 55 Spain ESP
22 Germany DEU 56 Sweden SWE
23 Greece GRC 57 Switzerland CHE
24 Hungary HUN 58 Syria SYR
25 Iceland ISL 59 Tajikistan TJK
26 India IND 60 Thailand THA
27 Indonesia IDN 61 Turkey TUR
28 Iran, I. R. of IRN 62 Turkmenistan TKM
29 Ireland IRL 63 Ukraine UKR
30 Israel ISR 64 United Kingdom GBR
31 Italy ITA 65 United States USA
32 Japan JPN 66 Uruguay URY
33 Kazakhstan KAZ 67 Venezuela VEN
34 Korea KOR 68 Viet Nam VNM
Egypt EGY Saudi Arabia SAU
Liechtenstein LIE Nigeria NGA
Serbia SRB Uzbekistan UZB
6

Program: Students
Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday
19-Jul 20-Jul 21-Jul 22-Jul 23-Jul 24-Jul 25-Jul 26-Jul 27-Jul 28-Jul
Breakfast Breakfast
Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast
Transfer
Breakfast
Breakfast Breakfast
Excursion
to Nikko
Sports and
Traditional
Arts
(NYC)
Transfer
Japanese
Culture
Experience
Excursion
to Kamakura
Departures
Theoretical
(Gajo-en) Exam Transfer
(Univ. of (Lunch)
Tokyo)
Judo watching
Lunch
and Experience
(Kodokan)
Lab safety
instruction
Free Time
in Tokyo
(Tosho-gu
Shrine)
Lunch
(Tsurugaoka
Shrine)
(Lunch)
(Lunch)
(Lunch)
(Edomura:
Experience of
the Life in the
Age of Bushi)
Transfer
(Lunch)
Lunch
and
Social Event
(Univ. of
Tokyo)
Sightseeing
Tokyo2
Practical
Exam
(Waseda
Univ.)
Closing
Ceremony
(Okuma
Auditorium,
Waseda
Univ.)
(Great
Budha)
Sports and
Traditional
Arts
(NYC)
7:00
7:30
8:00
Breakfast
8:30
Arrivals
9:00
9:30 Move
Transfers
10:00
10:30 Registration Opening
11:00
Ceremony
11:30
(NYC)
12:00
12:30 Transfer
Lunch at
13:00
OVTA Welcome
13:30
Lunch(NYC)
14:00 Registration
14:30
15:00 Move to Tokyo
NYC
15:30
(Tokyo
16:00
Tower)
16:30
17:00
(Asakusa)
17:30
18:00
18:30 Dinner Dinner
19:00 at NYC at NYC
19:30
20:00
20:30
21:00
21:30
7
Transfer
(National
Science
Museum)
Strolling
Yokohama
Bay Area
Dinner
at NYC
Dinner
at NYC
Dinner
(Waseda
Univ.)
(Dinner)
Farewell
party
(Rihga
Royal Hotel
Tokyo)
(Dinner)
Drum
Performance
(Kijima Taiko)
Reunion
Party
(Yokohama)
Transfer
Transfer
Transfer
22:00
22:30
23:00

Program: Mentors
Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday
19-Jul 20-Jul 21-Jul 22-Jul 23-Jul 24-Jul 25-Jul 26-Jul 27-Jul 28-Jul
7:00
Breakfast
7:30
Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast
8:00
8:30
Transfer to
Arrivals
9:00
NYC (Transfer
9:30
Sightseeing
to Waseda)
Transfers
Marking Task
10:00
Tokyo
Excursion
Translation Translation to Kamakura
Arbitration
Departures
10:30 Registration Opening
11:00
Ceremony
(Imperial
11:30
(NYC)
Palace
(Tsurugaoka Excursion to
Square)
Shrine) the Rural Area
Free Time
12:00
of Chiba
12:30
Transfer Lunch (Lunch) Lunch (Lunch)
Lunch
(Lunch)
13:00
(Lunch)
Lunch at Welcome
13:30
OVTA Lunch (NYC)
(Asakusa)
14:00
(Shinsho-ji
14:30 Transfer
(Great Temple, Narita)
Budha)
15:00
Lab Inspection
(Boso-no-mura
15:30
(Waseda univ.)
Closing
Museum:
Ceremony
16:00
Transfer to
Meet with
Registration
Experience of
(Okuma
16:30
OVTA
Authors
Traditional
Auditorium
17:00
Villege Life)
Waseda Univ.)
17:30
Meet with (20:00limit)
(20:00limit) Strolling
18:00
Authors
Yokohama
18:30
Bay Area
Dinner
Dinner Dinner Dinner
19:00
(Dinner) Dinner Farewell party
Dinner
Reunion
(Rihga Royal
19:30
Party
Hotel Tokyo)
20:00
1st Jury
(Yokohama)
20:30
Meeting
2nd Jury
3rd Jury
4th Jury
Meeting
21:00
re: Practical
Meeting
Transfer to
Meeting
Business
Transfer to
21:30
Exam
re:
OVTA
OVTA
Theoretical
22:00
Exam
22:30
(Night Time)
23:00
8

Program: Guests
Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday
19-Jul 20-Jul 21-Jul 22-Jul 23-Jul 24-Jul 25-Jul 26-Jul 27-Jul 28-Jul
Breakfast
Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast Breakfast
(Transfer
to Waseda)
Transfer
to
NYC
Arrivals
Excursion
to Kamakura
Sightseeing
Tokyo 2
Transfers
Departures
Opening
Ceremony
(NYC)
Registration
Free Time
(Tsurugaoka
Shrine)
Excursion
to
Kawagoe
(Imperial
Palace
Square)
Excursion
to the base
of Mt. Fuji
(Lunch)
Excursion to
the Rural Area
of Chiba
Transfer
(Lunch)
(Lunch)
(Lunch)
(Lunch)
(Lunch)
Souvenir
Hunting
(Schuttle to
Lalaport
Shopping
Complex)
Welcome
Lunch
(NYC)
Lunch
at OVTA
(Shinsho-ji
Temple, Narita)
(Great
Budha)
(Visiting
the old
City Area)
(Asakusa)
(Kawaguchi
Lake)
Closing
Ceremony
(Okuma
Auditorium,
Waseda
Univ.)
(Boso-no-mura
Museum:
Experience of
Traditional
Villege Life)
Tokyo 1
(Sumida
River
Cruising)
(Oshino
Hakkai
Forest)
(Tokyo
Tower)
Registration
Strolling
Yokohama
Bay Area
(Korakuen
Garden)
(Dinner)
Farewell
party
(Rihga Royal
Hotel Tokyo)
Dinner
Reunion
Party
(Yokohama)
Dinner
(OVTA)
Dinner
(OVTA)
Dinner
(OVTA)
Dinner
(OVTA)
Dinner
(OVTA)
Transfer to
OVTA
Transfer to
OVTA
7:00
7:30
8:00
8:30
9:00
9:30
10:00
10:30
11:00
11:30
12:00
12:30
13:00
13:30
14:00
14:30
15:00
15:30
16:00
16:30
17:00
17:30
18:00
18:30
19:00
19:30
20:00
20:30
21:00
21:30
22:00
22:30
23:00
9
(Night Time)

Translation Languages
Country Languages Country Languages
1 Argentina Spanish 35 Kuwait Arabic
2 Armenia Armenian 36 Kyrgyzstan Russian
3 Australia English 37 Latvia Latvian, Russian
4 Austria German 38 Lithuania Lithuanian
5 Azerbaijan English, Russian 39 Malaysia English
6 Belarus Russian 40 Mexico Spanish
7 Belgium Dutch, French 41 Moldova Russian
8 Brazil Portuguese 42 Mongolia Mongolian
9 Bulgaria Bulgarian 43 Netherlands Dutch
10 Canada English 44 New Zealand English
11 China Chinese 45 Norway Norwegian
12 Chinese Taipei Traditional Chinese 46 Pakistan English
13 Costa Rica Spanish 47 Peru Spanish
14 Croatia Croatian 48 Poland Polish
15 Cuba Spanish 49 Portugal Portuguese
16 Cyprus Greek 50 Romania Romanian
17 Czech Republic Czech 51 Russian Federation Russian
18 Denmark Danish 52 Singapore English
19 Estonia Estonian, Russian 53 Slovakia Slovak
20 Finland Finnish 54 Slovenia Slovenian
21 France French 55 Spain Spanish
22 Germany German 56 Sweden Swedish
23 Greece Greek 57 Switzerland French, German
24 Hungary Hungarian 58 Syria Arabic
25 Iceland Icelandic 59 Tajikistan English, Russian
26 India English 60 Thailand Thai
27 Indonesia Indonesian 61 Turkey Turkish
28 Iran, I. R. of Farsi 62 Turkmenistan English, Russian
29 Ireland English 63 Ukraine Russian
30 Israel Hebrew 64 United Kingdom English
31 Italy Italian 65 United States English
32 Japan Japanese 66 Uruguay Spanish
33 Kazakhstan Russian 67 Venezuela Spanish
34 Korea Korean 68 Viet Nam Vietnamese
10

Instructions
Examination Procedures
• You have 5 hours to complete Tasks 1, 2, and 3. You may perform the tasks in any
order you choose.
• There will be an additional 15 minutes reading time before the start.
• DO NOT begin working on the tasks until the START command is given.
• When the STOP command is given at the end of the 5 hours, you must stop your
work on the tasks immediately. A delay in doing so may lead to your
disqualification from the examination.
• After the STOP command has been given, wait in your lab space. A supervisor
will check your lab space. The following items should be left behind:
� The problem booklet (this booklet)
� The answer booklet
� Your chosen TLC plates in zipper storage bags A and B with your student
code (from Task 1)
� Your product and glass microfiber filter sheet in a crystallization dish with a
lid in zipper storage bag C with your student code (from Task 1)
• Do not leave the examination hall until you are instructed to do so by the supervisors.
Safety
• Safety is the most important issue in the laboratory. You are expected to follow the
safety rules given in the IChO regulations. Safety glasses and lab coats must be
worn at ALL TIMES.
• If you behave in an unsafe manner, you will receive one warning before you are
asked to leave the laboratory. If required to leave due to a second warning, you will
receive a score of zero for the entire experimental examination.
• NO eating or drinking is allowed in the laboratory.
• In case of emergency, follow the instructions given by the supervisors.
Notes on the booklets and answer methods
• The problem booklet comprises 23 pages including cover page.
• The answer booklet comprises 6 pages. Do not attempt to separate the sheets.
11

• You should confirm your student code inscribed on the booklets and write your
name and student code on every answer sheet.
• Use only the pen provided for filling in the answer sheets. You may also use the
calculator and the ruler provided. Use the mechanical pencil provided only for
experiments in Task 1. Do not use the mechanical pencil for filling in the answer
sheets.
• All results must be written in the appropriate areas on the answer sheets. Results
written elsewhere will not be graded. If you need to do rough calculations, etc.,
use the back of the sheets.
• You should take care to report answers to an appropriate number of significant
figures.
• Keep your answer booklet in the envelope provided. Take out the booklet only when
you write the answers. Do not seal the envelope.
Notes on the Examination
• You may need to reuse some glassware during the examination. If this is the case,
clean it carefully in the sink closest to you.
• Contact a supervisor near you if you have any questions regarding the tasks or if you
need a refreshment/toilet break.
• Use the labeled waste containers under the hood or near the windows for disposal of
liquids and solids. A waste container (plastic beaker) is also available on each
bench for aqueous waste. Discard used glass capillaries into a labeled plastic tube .
• Replacement of chemicals and laboratory ware will be provided if necessary.
Other than the first, for which you will be pardoned, each such incident will result in
the loss of 1 point from your 40 practical points. Refilling of washbottle water is
permitted with no loss of points.
• An official English version of this examination is available upon request if you require
clarification.
12

13
Periodic table with relative atomic masses
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1
H
1.01
2
He
4.00
3
Li
6.94
4
Be
9.01
5
B
10.81
6
C
12.01
7
N
14.01
8
O
16.00
9
F
19.00
10
Ne
20.18
11
Na
22.99
12
Mg
24.30
13
Al
26.98
14
Si
28.09
15
P
30.97
16
S
32.06
17
Cl
35.45
18
Ar
39.95
19
K
39.10
20
Ca
40.08
21
Sc
44.96
22
Ti
47.87
23
V
50.94
24
Cr
52.00
25
Mn
54.94
26
Fe
55.85
27
Co
58.93
28
Ni
58.69
29
Cu
63.55
30
Zn
65.38
31
Ga
69.72
32
Ge
72.64
33
As
74.92
34
Se
78.96
35
Br
79.90
36
Kr
83.80
37
Rb
85.47
38
Sr
87.62
39
Y
88.91
40
Zr
91.22
41
Nb
92.91
42
Mo
95.96
43
Tc
-
44
Ru
101.07
45
Rh
102.91
46
Pd
106.42
47
Ag
107.87
48
Cd
112.41
49
In
114.82
50
Sn
118.71
51
Sb
121.76
52
Te
127.60
53
I
126.90
54
Xe
131.29
55
Cs
132.91
56
Ba
137.33 57-71
72
Hf
178.49
73
Ta
180.95
74
W
183.84
75
Re
186.21
76
Os
190.23
77
Ir
192.22
78
Pt
195.08
79
Au
196.97
80
Hg
200.59
81
Tl
204.38
82
Pb
207.2
83
Bi
208.98
84
Po
-
85
At
-
86
Rn
-
87
Fr
-
88
Ra
-
89-103
104
Rf
-
105
Db
-
106
Sg
-
107
Bh
-
108
Hs
-
109
Mt
-
110
Ds
-
111
Rg
-
57
La
138.91
58
Ce
140.12
59
Pr
140.91
60
Nd
144.24
61
Pm -
62
Sm
150.36
63
Eu
151.96
64
Gd
157.25
65
Tb
158.93
66
Dy
162.50
67
Ho
164.93
68
Er
167.26
69
Tm
168.93
70
Yb
173.05
71
Lu
174.97
89
Ac
-
90
Th
232.04
91
Pa
231.04
92
U
238.03
93
Np
-
94
Pu
-
95
Am -
96
Cm -
97
Bk
-
98
Cf
-
99
Es
-
100
Fm
-
101
Md
-
102
No
-
103
Lr
-

Apparatuses
Apparatuses Number
For multiple tasks (on the desk or in Box 1):
20-mL beaker for taking a small portion of liquid to rinse inside of
glassware
Paper 3
2-mL pipette bulb 1
5-mL pipette bulb 1
Pipette rack 1
200-mL plastic beaker for waste 1
Safety bulb 1
Spatula 1
Stand 1
100-mL washbottle 1
500-mL washbottle 1
For Task 1 (in Box 1, on the desk or on pipette rack):
Büchner funnel with rubber adapter 1
Clamp with muff (clamp holder) 1
200-mL conical beaker 1
300-mL conical beaker 1
Diaphragm vacuum pump with tubing and connecter 1
Glass capillary tube (in a plastic tube) 8
Glass microfiber filter sheet in a crystallization dish with lid 1
2-mL graduated pipette 3
5-mL graduated pipette 1
Magnetic stirrer 1
10-mm magnetic stirring bar 1
22-mm magnetic stirring bar 1
10-mL measuring glass 1
pH test paper (in a zipper storage bag) 3
10-mL plastic graduated cylinder 1
Plastic tube for used glass capillary 1
Suction flask 1
10-mL test tube 1
14
1

100-mL test tube 1
TLC developing chamber with lid 1
TLC plate (in a zipper storage bag) 4
Tweezers 1
Zipper storage bags A and B for submission of TLC plates 1 for each
Zipper storage bag C for submission of glass microfiber filter sheet in a
crystallization dish
For Task 2 (in Box 2, on the desk or on pipette rack):
2-mL graduated pipette 1
5-mL graduated pipette 1
Label (in a zipper storage bag) 4
LED light box (in a zipper storage bag: do not remove from the bag at any
time.)
Nessler tube 5
Nessler tube rack 1
50-mL volumetric flask 2
5-mL volumetric pipette 1
10-mL volumetric pipette 1
For Task 3.1 (in Box 2 or on pipette rack):
Burette 1
Burette clamp 1
100-mL conical beaker 6
Glass funnel (for transferring chemicals to a burette) 1
1-mL graduated pipette 2
5-mL volumetric pipette 1
20-mL volumetric pipette 1
For Task 3.2 (in Box 2):
10-mL vial (in a zipper storage bag) 10
Plastic Pasteur pipette 1
Shared equipment:
Gloves of various sizes
UV lamp
Cleaning tissue
15
1
1

Chemicals on Each Desk
Chemical Quantity Container R phrases S phrases
For multiple tasks (in Box 1):
0.5 mol L -1 hydrochloric acid
(0.5 mol L -1 HCl)
For Task 1 (in Box 1):
1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine-3,5
-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester
(C13H19NO4; 1,4-DHP_powder)
1,4-DHP for TLC
(1,4-DHP_TLC)
50 mL Plastic bottle None listed None listed
1 g Vial 36/37/38 26
3 mg Vial 36/37/38 26
Ethanol (C2H5OH) 10 mL Glass bottle 11 7-16
Ethyl acetate (CH3COOC2H5) 25 mL Glass bottle 11-36-66-67 16-26-33
Heptane (C7H16) 20 mL Glass bottle 11-38-50/53-65-
67
16
9-16-29-33-
60-61-62
Potassium iodide (KI) 150 mg Glass bottle None listed None listed
Sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O5) 1 g Glass bottle 22-31-41 26-39-46
Saturated sodium
hydrogencarbonate solution
(Sat. NaHCO3 solution)
Urea hydrogen peroxide
(CH4N2O•H2O2; UHP)
For Task 2 (in Box 2):
Sample solution (labeled as
“Sample solution”)
Standard Fe(bpy)3 2+ solution 1
(containing 2.0 mg of iron in 1 L
solution) (labeled as “Standard
Fe(bpy)3 2+ solution 1”)
Standard Fe(bpy)3 2+ solution 2
(containing 3.0 mg of iron in 1 L
solution) (labeled as “Standard
Fe(bpy)3 2+ solution 2”)
Acetate buffer solution
(pH 4.6, 1:1 mixture of acetic acid
and sodium acetate;
CH3COOH-CH3COONa solution)
25 mL Glass bottle None listed None listed
1 g Vial 8-34
17-26-
36/37/39-45
30 mL Plastic bottle None listed None listed
50 mL Plastic bottle None listed None listed
50 mL Plastic bottle None listed None listed
50 mL Plastic bottle None listed None listed

0.1 mol L -1 disodium
hydrogenphosphate solution
(0.1 mol L -1 Na2HPO4)
0.2 %(w/v) 2,2’-bipyridine aqueous
solution
(0.2 %(w/v) C10N2H8)
Sodium thioglycolate
(C2H3NaO2S)
For Task 3.1 (in Box 2 or on the desk):
Polysaccharide solution (labeled as
“Polysaccharide solution”)
Poly(diallyldimethylammonium
chloride) aqueous solution
(PDAC)
CH 2
Potassium poly(vinyl sulfate)
aqueous solution (0.0025 mol L -1 ;
monomer unit concentration)
(0.0025 mol L -1 PVSK)
CH 2 CH
O
CH 2
N +
H3C CH3 Cl- n
O S O
O - K + n
0.5 mol L -1 sodium hydroxide
aqueous solution
(0.5 mol L -1 NaOH)
1 g L -1 toluidine blue (TB) aqueous
solution
(1 g L -1 C15H16N3SCl)
25 mL Plastic bottle None listed None listed
25 mL Plastic bottle None listed None listed
20 mg Vial 22-38 36
50 mL Plastic bottle None listed None listed
240 mL Glass bottle None listed None listed
240 mL Glass bottle 36/37/38 26-36
50 mL Plastic bottle 34 26-37/39-45
6 mL
Dropper
bottle
17
None listed None listed

For Task 3.2 (in Box 2):
Solution X-1 (X: A-H) 10 mL Dropper
bottle
Solution X-2 (X: A-H) 10 mL Dropper
bottle
Solution X-3 (X: A-H) 10 mL Dropper
bottle
Solution X-4 (X: A-H) 10 mL Dropper
bottle
Solution X-5 (X: A-H) 10 mL Dropper
bottle
18
36/37/38 26-36

Risk Phrases
Number Special Risks
8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
11 Highly flammable
22 Harmful if swallowed
31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas.
34 Causes burns
36 Irritating to eyes
38 Irritating to skin
41 Risk of serious damage to eyes
65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.
66 Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
67 Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin
50/53
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long term adverse effects in the
aquatic environment.
19

Safety Phrases
Number Safety Recommendations
7 Keep container tightly closed.
9 Keep container in a well ventilated place.
16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
17 Keep away from combustible material.
26
In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
29 Do not empty into drains.
33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
36 Wear suitable protective clothing.
37 Wear suitable gloves.
39 Wear eye/face protection.
45
In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately. (Show
the label where possible.)
46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or label.
60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
61
Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/ material safety data
sheet.
62
If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show
the container or label
24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
37/39 Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection
20

Task 1
1a 1b 1c 1d
1e
i ii iii
Total
4 4 2 2 2 2 24 40
Reaction of Hantzsch Ester with Urea Hydrogen Peroxide
In this experiment, you are required to synthesize a pyridinedicarboxylate derivative
from 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester (1,4-DHP or
Hantzsch ester) by oxidation with urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP), an
environmentally-friendly oxidant.
CH 3CH 2
O
O
O
O
H3C N CH3 H
1,4-DHP
O
H
N N
H
CH2CH3 H
UHP
H
O
H
H
O
CH3CH2 KI
Procedures
(1) Place a 22-mm magnetic stirring bar in a 100-mL test tube. Fix the test tube on a
magnetic stirrer using a clamp. Add 1,4-DHP (1 g) (labeled as 1,4-DHP_powder), and
potassium iodide (150 mg) to the test tube, followed by ethanol (5 mL), with a 5-mL
graduated pipette.
(2) Add 1 g UHP (wear gloves) and stir the mixture. (Caution: this reaction is
exothermic.)
(3) For thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis, prepare a mixture of ethyl
acetate:heptane (1:2 in volume) with a measuring glass and place an appropriate
amount of the mixture in a TLC developing chamber. Add 1 mL of ethyl acetate to the
vial (labeled as 1,4-DHP_TLC) to dissolve 1,4-DHP (3 mg).
(4) Check your TLC plates before using. If they are damaged, they can be replaced
without penalty. Draw a start line on the lower portion of a TLC plate with a pencil (see
Fig. 1.1).
(5) During the reaction, the reaction mixture becomes clear (usually within 20 min). When
the reaction mixture becomes clear (the precipitates may form when it cools, but
precipitates will not affect the TLC analysis), take a small portion of the mixture using a
21
O
O
O
O
H3C N CH3 CH 2CH 3

glass capillary and load it to make two spots in the center and right positions on the TLC
plate. Load an appropriate amount of the 1,4-DHP solution prepared in procedure (3)
in the center and left positions, so that there are three spots on the plate, with the center
spot containing both the reaction mixture and 1,4-DHP (see Fig. 1.1). Develop the
TLC plate in the TLC chamber (see Figs. 1.1 and 1.2). Mark the solvent front with the
pencil. Visualize the spots using a UV lamp (254 nm) and draw a line around the
UV-active spots on the TLC clearly with the pencil. Assess the completion of the
reaction based on the TLC results. Repeat the TLC analysis after ten minutes, if you
find significant amounts of 1,4-DHP in the reaction mixture. [Note that you will perform
TLC analysis again in procedure (8).] Place the last TLC plate in a zipper storage bag
marked “A.”
X X+Y Y
Fig. 1.1 Spots on the TLC plate before
development;
X: 1,4-DHP, Y: Reaction mixture.
Fig. 1.2 TLC plate placed in the
TLC developing
chamber.
(6) Set up the suction filtration equipment (see Fig. 1.3).
Connect the suction flask to the diaphragm
vacuum pump. Place a Büchner funnel fitted
with a rubber adapter onto the suction flask.
Place a glass microfiber filter sheet on the
funnel.
(7) Add water (5 mL) to the reaction mixture
using a 10-mL plastic graduated cylinder.
Add sodium metabisulfite (1 g), transfer the
contents of the tube (including the stirring bar)
into a 200-mL conical beaker and wash the
test tube with water (30 mL). Place the Fig. 1.3 Suction filtration equipment:
i, Büchner funnel; ii, rubber adopter; iii,
200-mL conical beaker on the magnetic stirrer
suction flask; iv, diaphragm vacuum
pump.
22

and stir the solution. Add saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution in small
portions using a 2-mL graduated pipette until the pH of the aqueous phase becomes
just over 7 (check the pH with pH test paper). Filter the precipitate formed through the
Büchner funnel with suction using the diaphragm vacuum pump, and wash the
precipitate with a small portion of water. Suck air through the precipitates for a minute
to dry the product.
(8) Transfer the filtrate from the suction flask to a 300-mL conical beaker. Transfer the
filtrate (2 mL) to a 10-mL test tube using a 2-mL graduated pipette. Place a 10-mm
magnetic stirring bar in the test tube and fix it securely with the clamp. Add 1 mL of
ethyl acetate to the test tube using a 2-mL graduated pipette and stir the solution
vigorously for 30 seconds on the magnetic stirrer. Stop stirring and wait for the solution
to separate into two layers. Analyze the upper layer by TLC to see if there is any
product remaining in the filtrates. Spot the filtrates on the plate in the same way as
procedure (5). Mark the solvent front and the spot(s), if any. Place the TLC plate in a
zipper storage bag marked “B.” If you detect the product on the TLC plate, add more
saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution.
(9) At this stage, if you find a precipitate formed, filter and wash it. If you find no
precipitate, skip this filtration process.
(10) Suck air through the precipitate for 10 minutes to dry the product. Place your product
and the glass microfiber filter sheet in the crystallization dish. Cover the dish with the
lid marked with your code. Avoid placing the stirring bar in the dish. Place the
crystallization dish with the lid in a zipper storage bag marked “C.”
a) Copy (sketch) the TLC plate in bag “A” on your answer sheet.
Indicate the solvent front line and the base line.
1) If there are less than three spots loaded on the
base line, 3 points will be subtracted.
2) If the spots are not separated on the TLC after
development, 2 points will be subtracted.
3) If the solvent front line and/or the base line is
missing, 1 point will be subtracted for each.
23

) Determine and record the Rf values (to the 2nd decimal place) of the spots on the TLC
plate in bag “A.”
Spot Rf value
1,4-DHP
Product
Two points each will be awarded for Rf values (to the 2nd decimal place) in the ranges
shown above. No points will be awarded for values outside the ranges. A score of 1
will be given if the value is reported down to the 1st decimal place.
c) Draw the structural formula of the organic cation before adding sodium
hydrogencarbonate.
d) What is (are) the final product(s) derived from UHP? Give the chemical formula(e) of
the product(s).
e) Submit the following:
i) TLC plate in bag “A”
ii) TLC plate in bag “B”
iii) Your product and filter paper in the crystallization dish placed in bag “C”
iv) TLC plate in bag “A”
If the outline to be drawn with a pencil around the UV-active spots is unclear or
missing, 1 point will be subtracted.
24
0.32-0.42
0.61-0.71
If the correct structural formula is drawn as is shown below, 2 points will be
awarded.
CH 3CH 2
O
O
H 3C
O
O
N CH3 H
CH 2CH 3
If correct chemical formulae are written as shown below, 1 point each will be
awarded.
H2O and CH4N2O

v) TLC plate in bag “B”
1) If the outline to be drawn with a pencil around the UV-active spots is unclear or
missing, 1 point will be subtracted.
2) If the solvent front line and/or the base line is missing, minus 1 point for each will
be subtracted.
vi) Your product and filter paper in the crystallization dish stored in bag “C”
1) The scientific committee will measure the percent yield after drying at 60 °C.
2) In most cases, the sample is pure and dissolved in CDCl3 completely. The
following calculation based on the percent yields obtained will be applied only if
no 1,4-DHP or byproducts is observed in the 1 H NMR spectrum and the product is
completely soluble in CDCl3.
If 80.0 ≤ %yield

Task 2
2a 2b 2c 2d 2e
2f
i ii
26
Total
2 2 15 15 3 3 5 45
Determination of Fe(II) and Fe(III) by visual colorimetry
In this experiment, you are required to determine Fe(II) and Fe(III) in a given sample
solution which simulates a dissolved magnetite ore by visual colorimetric analysis involving
a color reaction between Fe(II) and 2,2’-bipyridine (bpy) to form an intensely red complex,
Fe(bpy)3 2+ .
The amount of Fe(bpy)3 2+ complex can be quantified by visual colorimetric
measurement using Nessler tubes. This is a quite simple technique that was employed
before photoelectric instruments were generally available, but an accuracy of less than
±5% can be achieved. In this technique, a pair of Nessler tubes is used; one is filled with a
reference solution, and the other is filled with a solution to be tested. The depths of colors
of the two solutions are balanced by adjusting the heights of liquid columns of the solutions.
When the colors look the same, the concentration can be calculated from that of the
reference solution with a known concentration and the height of the column of each solution
based on the Lambert-Beer law:
A = εcl
where A is the absorbance, c is the concentration, l is the pass length and ε is the molar
absorption coefficient. First, you will learn to employ this technique by conducting
measurements A and B, and then you will determine the concentrations of Fe(II) and
Fe(III) with measurements C and D.
Procedures
(1) Add 5 mL of acetate buffer solution, 5 mL of disodium hydrogenphosphate solution (to
mask Fe(III)), 5 mL of 2,2’-bipyridine solution and 10.00 mL of sample solution into a
50-mL volumetric flask using appropriate pipettes for each and dilute the resulting
solution with water to the 50-mL mark. Then stopper the flask and mix the solution well.
Allow it to stand for at least 20 min to fully develop color. This solution is named
“sample 1.”
(2) Add 5 mL of acetate buffer solution, 5 mL of 2,2’-bipyridine solution and 5.00 mL of
sample solution into a 50-mL volumetric flask. Then add 20 mg of sodium thioglycolate

powder (in excess) to reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II). Dilute the solution with water to the
50-mL mark, stopper the flask and mix the solution well. Allow it to stand for at least 20
min. This solution is named “sample 2.”
(3) Perform visual colorimetric measurements A – D based on the “Instructions for visual
colorimetric measurement” shown below.
Instructions for visual colorimetric measurement
Set a pair of Nessler tubes on a Nessler tube rack placed on an LED light box (do not
remove it from the bag at any time) and turn on the light (see Fig. 2.1). Pour the
provided “standard Fe(bpy)3 2+ solution 1” into one tube to an appropriate height (70 –
90 mm is recommended) from the bottom (etched marks on the tube indicate fixed
heights from the bottom in mm) and use this as a reference for measurements A - D.
Pour the solution to be measured into the other tube, and then compare its depth of
color with that of the reference solution by looking downward through the solutions
toward the LED light box.
Adjust the height of the liquid column of the
test solution by adding or removing the solution
with a graduated pipette until the depth of color
in the two tubes is identical. Estimate your
reading to at least 1 mm.
Note that the depths of color in a certain
range may be recognized as identical to human
eyes. The appropriate value for the height of
the test solution, h, should be determined by
taking the range into the consideration. For
example, if you adjust the height of the liquid
column of the test solution only by increasing (or
Fig. 2.1 Visual colorimetric
decreasing) the volume, you could reach a lower measurement: i, Nessler tube; ii,
(or higher) value than the true one. A possible Nessler tube rack; iii, LED light
box in a zipper storage bag; iv,
way to estimate the true value is to take an
power switch.
average between the values of lower and higher
limits.
Measurement A: Perform a measurement using “standard Fe(bpy)3 2+ solution 1” as
both the reference and the test solutions. In this measurement, pour the reference
27

solution into a Nessler tube to achieve an appropriate height, and then pour the test
solution into the other Nessler tube until the colors of the two solutions match each other.
(When the colors match, the heights should IDEALLY be the same.) Then add more test
solution until you recognize that the colors have become different from each other. Report
both the lower and higher limits of the height of the liquid column of test solution with the
same depth of color as the reference solution.
a) Report your results for measurement A using the table provided on the answer sheet.
h' (height of
standard
solution 1) /
mm
Lower limit of
h /mm
28
Higher limit of
h /mm
h (estimated
height of test
solution) /
mm
Measurement A Any value Any value Any value Any value
Two points will be awarded, except when there is no answer.
Measurement B: Perform a measurement of “standard Fe(bpy)3 2+ solution 2” as a test
solution using “standard Fe(bpy)3 2+ solution 1” as a reference.
b) Report your results for measurement B using the table provided on the answer sheet.
h' (height of standard
solution 1) / mm
h (estimated height of test
solution) / mm
Measurement B Any value Any value
Two points will be awarded, except when there is no answer.
Measurement C: Perform measurement of sample 1.
c) Report your results for measurement C using the table provided on the answer sheet.
h' (height of standard
solution 1) / mm
Measurement C Experimental value of h'
h (estimated height of test
solution) / mm
sample 1: 1.23 h'
sample 2: 1.16 h'
sample 3: 1.10 h'

Measurement D: Perform measurement of sample 2.
d) Report your results for measurement D using the table provided on the answer sheet.
⎡ MV − h − MV ⋅ 0.05 ⎤
P = 15⎢ 1− ⎥
⎣ ⎢ (MV ⋅ 0.15) − (MV ⋅ 0.05)
⎦ ⎥
h' (height of standard
solution 1) / mm
Measurement D Experimental value of h'
−1
h'⋅2.
0 ( mg L )
5
MV =
c
P : Points (no negative value; zero if P < 0)
0
MV : Master value of h (mm)
h : Experimental height of liquid column of the
test solution (mm)
h’ : Experimental height of liquid column of reference solution (mm)
c : Concentration of Fe in correctly prepared test solutions (mg L -1 )
for 2c, c = 1.63,1.72 and 1.82 for Sample 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
for 2d, c = 2.62, 2.76, and 2.67 for Sample 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
29
Points
15
10
h (estimated height of test
solution) / mm
sample 1: 0.763 h'
sample 2: 0.725 h'
sample 3: 0.749 h'
For 2c and 2d, a full score of 15 points will be awarded for values within a ±5% error range.
A score of zero will be given if the absolute error is 15% or more. A linear point scale will be
applied for scores from zero to 15; points will be
calculated by the following equation:
-20 -15 -10 -5 0
% error
5 10 15 20
e) Express the concentration of the test solution, c, using the concentration of the
reference solution, c’, and the height of each liquid column, h and h’.
c'
h'
c =
h
3 points. Any equivalent formula is acceptable.

f) Calculate the concentrations of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in the original sample solution in mg
L -1 .
For Fe 2+ ,
[ Fe
2+
−1
2.
0(
mg L ) × hC × 50(
mL)
] =
h × 10(
mL)
'
C
[Fe 2+ ]: concentration of Fe 2+ in the sample solution (mg L -1 )
hC: experimental height (mm) of the liquid column of the test solution in the
measurement C
h’C : experimental height (mm) of the liquid column of the standard solution in
the measurement C
If the concentrations are calculated correctly from the experimental data, full
marks will be awarded 3 points.
For Fe 3+
[ Fe
−1
2.
0(
mg L ) × hD × 50(
mL)
] =
− [ Fe
h × 5(
mL)
'
3 +
2+
D
[Fe 3+ ]: concentration of Fe 3+ in the sample solution (mg L -1 )
30
]
hD : experimental height (mm) of the liquid column of the test solution in the
measurement D
h’D : experimental height (mm) of the liquid column of the standard solution in
the measurement D
If the concentrations are calculated correctly from the experimental data, full
marks will be awarded 5 points.
Concentrations of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ in each original sample solution
[Fe 2+ ] / mg L -1 [Fe 3+ ] / mg L -1
Sample 1 8.16 18.0
Sample 2 8.60 19.0
Sample 3 9.08 17.7

Task 3
3.1a 3.1b 3.1c 3.1d 3.1e 3.1f 3.2 Total
4 10 1 10 1 4 20 50
Polymers in Analysis
Polymers can be used in various analyses. In this task, you are first required to
analyze a polysaccharide using a polymer-polymer interaction, which will then be utilized to
identify polymers in the second part.
3.1 Analysis of Polysaccharide by Colloid Titration
You are provided with a solution of a polysaccharide containing sulfonate (-SO3 - ) and
carboxylate (-COO - ) groups. You are asked to determine the concentrations of these two
groups by colloid titration under the basic and acidic conditions based on the differences in
the protonation behavior of these acid groups. A back-titration technique is utilized.
When these acid groups are ionized, the polysaccharide becomes a polyanion.
Upon addition of polycation, poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (provided as its chloride salt,
PDAC), it forms a polyion complex. PDAC solution is standardized using the standard
solution of potassium poly(vinyl sulfate) (PVSK). At the endpoint of colloid titration, the
number of anionic groups becomes equal to that of cationic groups.
Procedures
(1) Take precisely 20 mL of the PDAC solution using a volumetric pipette into a 100-mL
conical beaker. Add 2 drops of toluidine blue (TB) into the conical beaker. Titrate the
resulting blue solution with the 0.0025 mol L -1 PVSK (monomer unit concentration)
standard solution. At the endpoint, the color turns purple. Note that the solution
becomes gradually turbid as the endpoint approaches. The endpoint is determined
when the color remains purple for 15-20 seconds. Repeat if necessary.
1a) Report the PVSK solution volume (in mL) consumed in the standardization of PDAC.
Record your reading to 0.05 mL.
PVSK solution volume consumed in
MV(z) = 20.06 mL
the standardization of PDAC:
z mL
31

A full score of 4 points will be awarded if the answer is MV(z) ± 0.15 mL. (MV: Master Value)
A score of zero will be given if the answer is less than (MV(z) – 0.5) mL or greater than
(MV(z) + 0.5) mL. A linear point scale will be applied for answers in between.
Two points will be subtracted if the value is not reported down to the 2nd decimal place (in
mark
mL).
(2) Take precisely 5 mL of the polysaccharide solution and 20 mL of the PDAC solution
using volumetric pipettes into another conical beaker. Add 0.4 mL of 0.5 mol L -1 NaOH
and 2 drops of TB to the solution. Titrate the resulting blue solution with the PVSK
standard solution in a similar manner. Repeat if necessary. (The appearance of
coagulation may be different, depending on the pH of the solution.)
1b) Report the PVSK solution volume (in mL) consumed in the titration under basic
conditions. Record your reading to 0.05 mL.
PVSK solution volume consumed Sample A: MV(x) = 13.14 mL
under basic conditions:
Sample B: MV(x) = 12.07 mL
x mL Sample C: MV(x) = 10.91 mL
A full score of 10 points will be awarded if the answer is MV(x) ± 0.25 mL.
A score of zero will be given if the answer is less than (MV(x) – 0.6) mL or greater than
(MV(x) + 0.6) mL. A linear point scale will be applied for answers in between.
Two points will be subtracted if the value is not reported down to the 2nd decimal place (in
mL). A score of zero will be applied if the value becomes negative after the subtraction.
1c) Mark the acid group(s) ionized under the basic conditions on the answer sheet.
conditions acid group
X X
Total 1 point.
‐0.5 ‐0.4 ‐0.3 ‐0.2 ‐0.1 0
ΔV
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
basic □ -SO3H □ –COOH
(3) Repeat procedure 2 above with the addition of 0.5 mL of 0.5 mol L -1 HCl instead of 0.5
mol L -1 NaOH.
32

1d) Report the PVSK solution volume (in mL) consumed in the titration under acidic
conditions. Record your reading to 0.05 mL.
PVSK solution volume consumed
under the acidic conditions:
y mL
33
Sample A: MV(y) = 15.26 mL
Sample B: MV(y) = 14.61 mL
Sample C: MV(y) = 13.59 mL
A full score of 10 points will be awarded if the answer is MV(y) ± 0.25 mL.
A score of zero will be given if the answer is less than (MV(y) – 0.6) mL or greater than
(MV(y) + 0.6) mL. A linear point scale will be applied for answers in between.
Two points will be subtracted if the value is not reported down to the 2nd place of decimals
(in mL). A score of zero will be applied if the value becomes negative after the subtraction.
1e) Mark the acid group(s) fully ionized under acidic conditions on the answer sheet.
conditions acid group
X
Total 1 point.
acidic □ -SO3H □ –COOH
1f) Calculate the concentrations of the -SO3 - (or -SO3H) groups and the -COO - (or
-COOH) groups (in mol L -1 ) in the given polysaccharide solution.
-SO3 - (or -SO3H) group:
0.0005(z - y)
-COO - (or -COOH) group:
0.0005(y - x)
mol L -1
mol L -1
Total 4 points, 2 points for each.
A score of 2 is given to the values within (calculated value) ± 0.2. A score of 1 is given to
the values which were outside the above allowance (± 0.2 mol L -1 ) and within (calculated
value) ± 0.5 mol L -1 .

3.2 Identification of compounds
You are provided with five solutions (X-1~5, “X” designates your sample code,
which is a letter in the Roman alphabet from A to H), and each solution contains one of
the compounds below (all of which are used). The concentration is 0.05 mol L -1 (for
polymers, monomer unit concentration). Your task is to identify all the compounds by
carrying out the following procedures.
HOCH 2CH 2OCH 2CH 2OCH 2CH 2OH
CH 2CH 2O n
CH 2 CH
(PEO)
SO 3Na
(PSSNa)
n
(TEG)
34
CH 2 C
CH 3
COONa n
(PMANa)
CH 2
CH 2
N +
H3C CH3 Cl- n
(PDAC)
[Abbreviations: TEG, triethylene glycol; PEO, poly(ethylene oxide);
PMANa, poly(sodium methacrylate); PSSNa, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate);
PDAC, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) MW. stands for molecular weight.]
Helpful comments
1) Aggregates observed in Task 3.1 could be observed when mixing two polymer solutions
in an appropriate combination, in which an interaction takes place between the two
polymers. They can be utilized to identify polymer samples.
2) The volume of a solution measuring 5 mm in height from the bottom of the vial is
approximately 1 mL. Remind that you have only 10 mL of each solution.

Procedures
(1) Mix similar volumes of two solutions together in a vial.
(2) If necessary, you can acidify the resulting mixture. Ten drops of hydrochloric acid (0.5
mol L -1 HCl) from a plastic Pasteur pipette are sufficient for this purpose.
Identify the compound in each solution based on the experimental results. For each
solution, mark one of the five boxes to indicate your identification. You are also asked to
fill in the blanks with one of the letters in the Roman alphabet, from A to H, to indicate your
sample code.
Sample code
-1 □ TEG □ PEO □ PMANa □ PSSNa □ PDAC
-2 □ TEG □ PEO □ PMANa □ PSSNa □ PDAC
-3 □ TEG □ PEO □ PMANa □ PSSNa □ PDAC
-4 □ TEG □ PEO □ PMANa □ PSSNa □ PDAC
-5 □ TEG □ PEO □ PMANa □ PSSNa □ PDAC
Before (upper rows) and after (lower rows) the addition of HCl
TEG PEO PMANa PSSNa PDAC
TEG
PEO
PMANa
PSSNa
PDAC
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
-
-
-
-
+: Precipitation, -: No precipitation (or the precipitate disappears)
-
-
+
-
35
+
+

PMANa and PSSNa are polyanions, and they interact with a polycation (PDAC) to
form a precipitate. Under acidic conditions, the carboxylate (-COO - ) groups in PMANa
undergo protonation, and PMANa changes to protonated poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA).
The resulting carboxy (-COOH) groups interact with the ether oxygen atoms in PEO
through hydrogen bonding to form a precipitate. Since protonated PMA is no longer a
polyanion, the precipitate (the complex between PMANa and PDAC) disappears after the
addition of HCl.
On the other hand, PSSNa does not exist as the protonated form, even under
acidic conditions, and no precipitate is observed with PEO at a lower pH. Since TEG is a
small molecule, its interaction with PMA is not strong enough to form a precipitate.
1) For each correct answer, 4 points will be awarded.
2) If two or more boxes are marked for one sample, 0 points will be given for that sample
even if the correct answer is included in the marked compounds.
3) If the same box is marked for more than two samples, 0 points will be given for these
samples even if the correct answer is included in the marked samples.
Table List of samples in Task 3.2
TEG PEO PMANa PSSNa PDAC
A-3 A-2 A-1 A-4 A-5
B-2 B-1 B-5 B-3 B-4
C-1 C-5 C-4 C-2 C-3
D-5 D-4 D-3 D-1 D-2
E-3 E-2 E-1 E-4 E-5
F-2 F-1 F-5 F-3 F-4
G-1 G-5 G-4 G-2 G-3
H-5 H-4 H-3 H-1 H-2
36

HOCH 2CH 2OCH 2CH 2OCH 2CH 2OH
CH 2CH 2O n
CH 2 CH
(PEO)
SO 3Na
(PSSNa)
n
(TEG)
37
CH 2 C
CH 3
COONa n
(PMANa)
CH 2
CH 2
N +
H3C CH3 Cl- n
(PDAC)
[Abbreviations: TEG, triethylene glycol; PEO, poly(ethylene oxide);
PMANa, poly(sodium methacrylate); PSSNa, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate);
PDAC, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)

Instructions
• Ensure that your name and student code are written in the spaces provided at the top
of each answer sheet.
• You have 5 hours to work on the problems.
• Use only the pen and the calculator provided.
• All results must be written in the appropriate boxes. Anything written elsewhere will
not be graded. Use the reverse of the sheets if you need scratch paper.
• Write any relevant calculations in the appropriate boxes when necessary. If you
provide no working and only the correct result for a complicated calculation, you will
receive no marks.
• Numerical answers are meaningless without the appropriate units. You will be heavily
penalized if units are not given where required.
• You must stop work immediately when the STOP command is given. A delay in doing
this may lead to your disqualification from the exam.
• When you have finished the examination, you must put your papers into the envelope
provided, and seal the envelope by yourself.
• Do not leave your seat until permitted by the supervisors.
• This examination has 22 pages. The answer booklet comprises 17 pages.
• The official English version of this examination is available on request only for
clarification.
38

Constants and Formulae
Avogadro
constant:
NA = 6.022 x 10 23 mol –1
Gas constant: R = 8.314 J K –1 mol –1
Faraday constant: F = 96485 C mol –1
39
Ideal gas equation: pV = nRT
Gibbs energy: G = H – TS
Δ
o
o
rG = −RT
logeK = −nFEcell
Planck constant: h = 6.626 x 10 –34 J s Nernst equation:
Speed of light: c = 2.998 x 10 8 m s –1
Zero of the
Celsius scale:
Energy of a
photon:
o RT
E = E +
zF
hc
E = = hν
λ
I 0
273.15 K Lambert-Beer law: A = log 10 = εcl
I
In equilibrium constant calculations all concentrations are referenced to a standard
concentration of 1 mol L -1 . Consider all gases ideal throughout the exam.
c
ox
loge cred

40
Periodic table with relative atomic masses
1 18
1
H
1.01 2 13 14 15 16 17
2
He
4.00
3
Li
6.94
4
Be
9.01
5
B
10.81
6
C
12.01
7
N
14.01
8
O
16.00
9
F
19.00
10
Ne
20.18
11
Na
22.99
12
Mg
24.30 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13
Al
26.98
14
Si
28.09
15
P
30.97
16
S
32.06
17
Cl
35.45
18
Ar
39.95
19
K
39.10
20
Ca
40.08
21
Sc
44.96
22
Ti
47.87
23
V
50.94
24
Cr
52.00
25
Mn
54.94
26
Fe
55.85
27
Co
58.93
28
Ni
58.69
29
Cu
63.55
30
Zn
65.38
31
Ga
69.72
32
Ge
72.64
33
As
74.92
34
Se
78.96
35
Br
79.90
36
Kr
83.80
37
Rb
85.47
38
Sr
87.62
39
Y
88.91
40
Zr
91.22
41
Nb
92.91
42
Mo
95.96
43
Tc
-
44
Ru
101.07
45
Rh
102.91
46
Pd
106.42
47
Ag
107.87
48
Cd
112.41
49
In
114.82
50
Sn
118.71
51
Sb
121.76
52
Te
127.60
53
I
126.90
54
Xe
131.29
55
Cs
132.91
56
Ba
137.33
57-
71
72
Hf
178.49
73
Ta
180.95
74
W
183.84
75
Re
186.21
76
Os
190.23
77
Ir
192.22
78
Pt
195.08
79
Au
196.97
80
Hg
200.59
81
Tl
204.38
82
Pb
207.2
83
Bi
208.98
84
Po
-
85
At
-
86
Rn
-
87
Fr
-
88
Ra
-
89-
103
104
Rf
-
105
Db
-
106
Sg
-
107
Bh
-
108
Hs
-
109
Mt
-
110
Ds
-
111
Rg
-
57
La
138.91
58
Ce
140.12
59
Pr
140.91
60
Nd
144.24
61
Pm -
62
Sm
150.36
63
Eu
151.96
64
Gd
157.25
65
Tb
158.93
66
Dy
162.50
67
Ho
164.93
68
Er
167.26
69
Tm
168.93
70
Yb
173.05
71
Lu
174.97
89
Ac
-
90
Th
232.04
91
Pa
231.04
92
U
238.03
93
Np
-
94
Pu
-
95
Am -
96
Cm -
97
Bk
-
98
Cf
-
99
Es
-
100
Fm
-
101
Md
-
102
No
-
103
Lr
-

Problem 1 8% of the total
1a 1b 1c 1d 1e 1f 1g 1h 1i Task 1
2 4 2 1 1 1 3 2 1 17
In 1894, Lord Rayleigh reported that the mass of chemically prepared nitrogen was
different from that of nitrogen extracted from the atmosphere, as shown in Tables 1 and 2.
Later, this difference was attributed to the presence of argon in atmospheric nitrogen. The
masses of gases were measured by using a glass vessel with a known volume under
atmospheric pressure (1.013 × 10 5 Pa).
Table 1. Mass of Chemical Nitrogen in the Vessel
From nitric oxide 2.3001 g
From nitrous oxide 2.2990 g
From ammonium nitrite purified at a red heat 2.2987 g
From urea 2.2985 g
From ammonium nitrite purified in the cold 2.2987 g
Mean 2.2990 g
Table 2. Mass of Atmospheric Nitrogen in the Vessel
O2 was removed by hot copper (1892) 2.3103 g
O2 was removed by hot iron (1893) 2.3100 g
O2 was removed by ferrous hydrate (1894) 2.3102 g
Mean 2.3102 g
a) Calculate the volume V [m 3 ] of the vessel used by Rayleigh from the mean mass of
chemical nitrogen, which must have been pure nitrogen. Assume that the
measurements were carried out at a temperature of 15.0 °C.
The amount n of the pure nitrogen (chemical nitrogen), M = 28.02 g mol –1 , is
m
n = =
M
2.2990
28.02 = 8.205 × 10–2 mol.
nRT
Then, from the ideal gas law, V =
p
[or equivalent] (1 pt)
−2
8.205 ⋅ 10 × 8.314× 288.15
=
= 1.940 × 10
5
1.013 ⋅10
–3 m 3 . (1 pt)
41
V = m 3

) Estimate the mole fraction x of argon in Rayleigh's atmospheric nitrogen, by
assuming that argon and nitrogen were the only constituents. Use the mean masses
of the atmospheric and chemical nitrogen for the calculation.
The equation for the ratio of the mass of atmospheric nitrogen to the mass of
chemical nitrogen is
28.02(1 − x) + 39.95x 2.3102
= .
28.02 2.2990
Transformation gives
[or equivalent] (1 pt)
(2.3102 − 2.2990) / 2.2990
x = × 28.02
39.95 − 28.02
[or equivalent] (2 pt)
= 1.14 × 10 –2 (or 1.14%) (1 pt)
Ramsay and Clève discovered helium in cleveite (a mineral consisting of uranium oxide
and oxides of lead, thorium, and rare earths; an impure variety of uraninite) independently
and virtually simultaneously in 1895. The gas extracted from the rock showed a unique
spectroscopic line at around 588 nm (indicated by D3 in Figure 1), which was first
observed in the spectrum of solar prominence during a total eclipse in 1868, near the wellknown
D1 and D2 lines of sodium.
42
x =
587 588 589 590 nm
D3
He
D2
Na
D1
Figure 1. Spectral lines around 588 nm
c) Calculate the energy E [J] of a photon with the wavelength of the D3 line of helium
shown in Figure 1.
According to Figure 1, the wavelength of the D3 line is approximately 587.7 nm (no
punishment if 587.8 or 588 is used).
hc
The corresponding photon energy is E =
λ
−34
8
6.626 ⋅ 10 × 2.998 ⋅10
=
−9
587.7 ⋅10
(1 pt)
= 3.380 × 10 –19 J. (1 pt)
E = J

Figure 2 shows an energy diagram of the atomic orbitals of helium. The arrows indicate
the "allowed" transitions according to the spectroscopic principle.
E / 10 –18 J
3.6
3.4
3.2
3.0
0.0
3s
2s
1s
[D]
[C]
[B]
[A]
43
3p
[E]
2p
3d
3.6
3.4
3.2
3.0
Figure 2. Energy diagram of atomic orbitals of helium
when an electron resides in the 1s orbital.
d) Identify the transition relevant to the D3 line of helium among the transitions [A] to [E]
indicated in Figure 2. Mark one on the answer sheet:
[E] The energy, 3.382 × 10 –19 J, matches with the energy of the transition [E]
between the 2p and 3d orbitals. (1 pt)
cf.) Energy difference [10 –19 J] = [A]:33.6, [B]:36.9, [C]:5.1, [D]:2.8, [E]:3.4
e) Which equation explains the occurance of helium in cleveite among [A] to [D] below?
Mark one on the answer sheet:
[A] 238 U → 234 Th + α
[B] UHe2 → U + 2He
[C] 240 U → 240 Np + β –
[D] 235 U + n → 95 Y + 139 I + 2n
[A] Considering that the α particle is the nucleus of helium, α-decay [A] is the
relevant source of helium in such rocks. No compound of He such as UHe2
in [B] is known to be stable at ambient temperature. [C] is a radio active
decay of 240 U in the thorium series. [D] is a nuclear fission reaction of 235 U
occuring in nuclear reactors. The correct answer is [A]. (1 pt)

Argon is also found in minerals such as malacon.
f) Which equation explains the occurance of argon in rocks among [A] to [D] below?
Mark one on the answer sheet.
[A] ArF2 → Ar + F2
[B] ArXe → Ar + Xe
[C] 40 K → 40 Ar + ε/β + (electron capture / positron emission)
[D] 126 I → 126 Ar + β –
[C] [C] is a well-known radioactive decay reaction occurring with a half-life of the
order of the age of the earth. No stable compound of Ar, such as ArF2 or
ArXe, can be expected. Products of [D] should be 126 Xe + β – . The correct
answer is [C]. (1 pt)
One of the strongest evidences for the monoatomicity of argon and helium is the ratio of
the heat capacity under constant pressure to that at constant volume, γ = Cp / CV, which is
exactly 5/3 (1.67 ± 0.01) for a monoatomic gas. The ratio was derived from the
measurement of speed of sound vs by using the following equation, where f and λ are the
frequency and wavelength of the sound, and R, T, and M denote the molar gas constant,
absolute temperature, and molar mass, respectively.
v
s
= f λ =
γ RT
M
For an unknown gas sample, the wavelength of the sound was measured to be λ = 0.116
m at a frequency of f = 3520 Hz (Hz = s –1 ) and temperature of 15.0 °C and under
atmospheric pressure (1.013 × 10 5 Pa). The density ρ of the gas for these conditions was
measured to be 0.850 ± 0.005 kg m –3 .
g) Calculate the molar mass M [kg mol –1 ] of this gas.
nM
The density ρ is given by ρ = .
V
By combining with the ideal gas law gives:
[or equivalent] (1 pt)
ρRT
M =
p
0.850 × 8.314 × 288.15
=
5
1.013 ⋅10
[or equivalent] (1 pt)
= 2.01 × 10 –2 kg mol –1 . (20.1 g mol –1 ) (1 pt)
44
M = kg mol –1

h) Calculate the heat capacity ratio γ for this gas sample.
From the equation for the sonic velocity, f λ =
γ RT
,
M
−2
M 2 2.01⋅10 2
γ = ( f λ)
= (3520× 0.116)
RT 8.314 × 288.15
[or equivalent] (1 pt)
= 1.40 (1 pt)
(or, using M ρ ρ 2 0.850
2
= , γ = ( f λ)
= (3520 × 0.116) = 1.40)
RT p p
5
1.013 ⋅10
45
γ =
i) Which is this gas among [A] to [D]? Mark one on the answer sheet:
[A] HCl
[B] HF
[C] Ne
[D] Ar
[B] From M = 20.1 g mol –1 , this gas must be HF or Ne.
From γ = 1.4 (≠ 5/3≈1.67), this is NOT a monoatomic gas (i.e., HCl or HF).
Thus, this gas must be [B] HF. (1 pt)
Note: It is not possible to distinguish between HF (M = 20.01) and Ne (M = 20.18)
from the molar mass only, which is 20.10±0.12 by taking into account the
uncertainty of ρ (±0.005 / 0.850 = ±0.6%). However, the precision of γ =
1.40 is enough to exclude the possibility of monoatomic gas (γ = 5/3≈1.67).

Problem 2 6% of the total
2a 2b 2c 2d 2e Task 2
4 4 4 3 5 20
Crystal structure of alkali metal halide
In crystals of ionic compounds, cations are generally arranged in the interstices of the
closest packed lattice of anions. The structure of an ionic crystal such as sodium chloride
becomes stable when the cations are in contact with the nearest anions.
a) In the crystal of sodium chloride, both Na + and Cl - ions form a face-centered cubic
lattice. Give the numbers of Na + and Cl - ions in a unit cell and the coordination
numbers of Na + and Cl - ions in sodium chloride crystal.
Number of ions Na + : 4 Cl - : 4
Coordination number Na + : 6 Cl - : 6
[Total 4 pts]
[2 pt] Both number of Na + and Cl - ions are correct.
[1 pt] Each coordination number of Na + and Cl - ions is correct.
b) The ionic radii of Na + and Cl - ions in the crystal of sodium chloride are 0.102 nm and
0.181 nm, respectively. Calculate the density [kg m -3 ] of the sodium chloride crystal.
[Total 4 pts]
Length of lattice l: l = 0 . 102 × 2 + 0.
181×
2 = 0.
566 nm [2 pt]
Density ρ:
( . 99 + 35.
45)
× 4
6 −3
3
ρ = = 2.
1408
× 10 g m = 2.
14 × 10 kg m
− 9 3
23
( 0.
566 × 10 ) × 6.
022 × 10
[1 pt for the equation of density, 1 pt for final answer.]
22 −3
Density of NaCl crystal (kg m -3 ): 2.14 × 10 3 kg m -3
46

Born-Haber cycle and lattice enthalpy
In ionic inorganic compounds such as sodium chloride, the heat of lattice formation from
gaseous ions is very high, and the contribution of the change in entropy is small. Therefore,
the lattice formation enthalpy is estimated from enthalpy data by using a Born-Haber cycle.
c) The figure below shows the Born-Haber cycle of NaCl. The labels “g” and “s”
represent “gas” and “solid” states respectively. Show chemical equations in the A and
F steps.
A: Na (s) + 1/2Cl2 (g) → NaCl (s) [2 pt]
F: NaCl (s) → Na + (g) + Cl - (g) [2 pt]
d) Calculate the enthalpy of the lattice formation of NaCl [kJ mol -1 ] by using the following
enthalpy data of the respective steps in the above Born-Haber cycle.
Formation of
NaCl (s)
Na + (g) + Cl (g) + e -
D: Dissociation of Cl2 (g)
C: Ionization of Na (g)
B: Sublimation of Na (s)
A: Formation of NaCl (s)
from elemental substances.
Sublimation
of Na (s)
NaCl (s)
Ionization of
Na (g)
47
E: Electron gain by Cl (g)
F: Dissociation of NaCl (s)
Dissociation
of Cl2 (g)
Electron gain
by Cl (g)
–411 kJ mol -1 109 kJ mol -1 496 kJ mol -1 242 kJ mol -1 –349 kJ mol -1
[Total 3 pts]
Enthalpy conservation condition: –A + B + C + D/2 = F – E [1 pt]
From the above equation, –(–411) + 109 + 496 + (242/2) = F + 349,
thus, F=788 [1 pt]
The lattice formation enthalpy of NaCl is –F, thus, –788 kJ mol -1 [1 pt]
Lattice formation enthalpy of NaCl (kJ mol -1 ): –788 kJ mol -1

Synthesis of sodium carbonate by the ammonia-soda process (Solvay process)
Sodium carbonate (anhydrous soda ash) is a raw material in the manufacture of glass,
medicaments, alkaline detergents, etc.
e) The total chemical reaction in the ammonia-soda process is represented as follows:
2NaCl + CaCO3 → Na2CO3 + CaCl2
This reaction between sodium chloride and calcium carbonate does not proceed
directly. The process comprises the following five reactions involving ammonia:
Δ
CaCO3 → [ A ] + [ B ]
NaCl + NH3 + [ B ] + H2O →[ C ] + [ D ]
Δ
2 [ C ] → Na2CO3 + H2O + [ B ]
[ A ] + H2O → [ E ]
[ E ] + 2 [ D ] → CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3
where Δrepresents applying heat treatment. Insert the chemical formulas of the
appropriate compounds in the blank spaces [ A ]–[ E ] in the above reactions.
A: CaO
B: CO2
C: NaHCO3
D: NH4Cl
E: Ca(OH)2
[Total 5 pts]
1 pt for one correct chemical formula.
48

Problem 3 7% of the total
3a 3b 3c 3d Task 3
2 3 1 3 9
The chemical oxygen demand (COD) refers to the amount of oxidizable substance, such
as organic compounds, in a sample solution, and it is used as an indication of water quality
in seas, lakes, and marshes. For example, the COD of service water is kept below
1 mg L -1 . The COD (mg L -1 ) is represented by mass of O2 (mg) which accepts the same
amount of electrons which would be accepted by the strong oxidizing agent when 1 L of a
sample solution is treated with it. An example of the operation is presented below.
******************************************************
Analytical Operation
A 1.00-L sample solution was acidified with a sufficient amount of sulfuric acid, and
chloride ions were removed by the addition of silver nitrate solution. To the sample solution,
1.00 × 10 -1 L of 5.00 × 10 -3 mol L -1 potassium permanganate solution was added, and the
mixture was heated for 30 min. Further, 1.00 × 10 -1 L of 1.25 × 10 -2 mol L -1 disodium
oxalate (Na2C2O4 or NaOOC-COONa) standard solution was added, and the mixture was
stirred well. Oxalate ions that remained unreacted were titrated with 5.00 × 10 -3 mol L -1
potassium permanganate solution; 3.00 × 10 -2 L of the solution was used for the titration.
******************************************************
a) Give the equation of the redox reaction of potassium permanganate and disodium
oxalate.
2KMnO4 + 5Na2C2O4 + 8H2SO4 → 2MnSO4 + 5Na2SO4 + K2SO4 + 10CO2+ 8H2O
or
2KMnO4 + 5H2C2O4 + 3H2SO4 → 2MnSO4 + 10CO2 + 8H2O + K2SO4
or
2 MnO4 - + 5C2O4 2- + 16H + → 2Mn 2+ + 10CO2 + 8H2O
49
[Total 2 pts]
b) Calculate the amount of O2 (mg) that will oxidize the same number of moles of
oxidizable substance as 1.00 × 10 -3 L of 5.00 × 10 -3 mol L -1 potassium
permanganate does.
The reactions of potassium permanganate and O2 are as follows:
MnO4 - + 8H + + 5e - → Mn 2+ + 4H2O
O2 + 4H + + 4e - → 2H2O

Hence, 1 mol of KMnO4 amounts to 1.25 mol of O2.
5 × 5.00 × 10 -3 (mol L -1 ) × 10 -3 (L) = 4 × X / 32 (mol) [Underlined (or equivalent)
where X is the amount of O2 (g). equation: 2 pt]
Thus, X = 2.00 × 10 -4 g. → 2.00 × 10 -1 mg [1 pt]
[Total 3 pts]
c) From the following choices, select the most appropriate reason for the removal of
chloride ions:
[A] Some of the chloride ions react with potassium permanganate, resulting in an
error in COD.
[B] Some of the chloride ions react with disodium oxalate, resulting in an error in
COD.
[C] Some of the chloride ions react with organic compounds in the sample solution,
resulting in an error in COD.
[D] A color is developed during titration, resulting in an error in COD.
[A]
50
[Total 1 pt]
d) Calculate the COD (mg L -1 ) of the sample solution described in the analytical
operation above.
The amounts of electron used for reduction and oxidation are equal, then
5 × 5.00 × 10 -3 (mol L -1 ) × (1.00 × 10 -1 + A) (L) =
2 × 1.25 × 10 -2 (mol L -1 ) × 1.00 × 10 -1 (L) + X (1) [Underlined (or equivalent)
where A (mL) is the amount of potasium permanganate equation: 2 pt]
used for the final titration, and X (mol) is the amount of
electron for the oxidizable substance.
Eq.(1) gives X = 2.50 × 10 -2 × A.
At A = 3.00 ×10 -2 (L), X = 7.50 × 10 -4 (mol).
Hence, COD = (32/4) (g mol -1 ) × 7.50 × 10 -4 (mol) × 10 3 (mg/g) × 1/1(L -1 )
= 6.00 mg L -1 . [1 pt]
[Total 3 pts]
or
The amount of potasium permanganate consumed for the oxidizable substance, B (mL), is
5 × 5.00 × 10 -3 × (1.00× 10 -1 + A − B) = 2 × (1.25 ×10 -2 ) × (1.00 × 10 -1 ). [2 pt]
At A = 3.00 ×10 -2 L, B equals to 3.00 ×10 -2 L.
From the solution to question b) above,
COD = (2.00 ×10 -1 ) / (1.00 ×10 -3 ) (mg/L) × 3.00 × 10 -2 (L) × 1/1(L -1 ) = 6.00 mg L -1 . [1 pt]
[Total 3 pts]

Problem 4 6% of the total
4a 4b 4c 4d Task 4
2 3 2 1 8
The rechargeable lithium ion battery has been developed in Japan.
The standard electromotive force of the battery is 3.70 V. Assume that the half-reaction at
the cathode is
CoO2 + Li + + e - → LiCoO2,
and the half-reaction at the anode is
LiC6 → 6C + Li + + e - .
a) Write the total reaction equation of the battery and calculate the value of the standard
Gibbs energy of the reaction [kJ mol -1 ].
Total reaction equation:
CoO2 + LiC6 → LiCoO2 + 6C (1 pt)
The standard Gibbs energy of the reaction:
ΔG 0 = –nFE 0 = –1 × 96485 C mol -1 × 3.70 V = –357 kJ mol -1 (1 pt)
b) The battery cell is constructed using LiCoO2 and graphite (C) as the electrode
materials. Calculate the mass of the anode in the completely charged state and that
in completely discharged state if 10.00 g of LiCoO2 and 10.00 g of graphite (C) are
present initially.
In the completely charged state: 10.71 g (2 pt)
The amount of LiCoO2 is 10.00/97.87 = 0.1022 mol.
The amount of C is 10.00/12.01 = 0.8326 mol, which is larger than 0.1022 mol × 6 =
0.6132 mol.
Thus, the mass in the completely charged state of the anode is 10.00 + 0.1022 × 6.94 =
10.709 g = 10.71 g.
In the completely discharged state: 10.00 g (1 pt)
51

c) Calculate the maximum energy generated per mass of the lithium ion battery cell [kJ
kg -1 ]. Assume that the correct ratio for complete reaction between the cathode and
anode materials is used and the sum of the mass of electrodes is 50.0% of the total
mass of the battery cell. In comparison, the energy density of lead-acid batteries used
for vehicles is about 200 kJ kg -1 .
The mass of 1 mol LiCoO2 is 97.87 g
The mass of 6 mol C is 12.01 × 6 g = 72.06 g
The total mass of the electrode is (97.87 + 72.06) g = 169.93 g
The mass of the cell is 169.93 / 0.500 g = 340 g
The maximum energy generated is 357 kJ.
Thus, the maximum energy per unit mass of the cell is 1050 kJ kg -1 (2 pts)
d) Because an aqueous solution cannot be used as an electrolyte, an organic solution is
used in the lithium ion battery cell. Give the chemical formula of the gas generated if
water is present in the electrolyte.
H2 or H2 and O2 (1 pt)
52

Problem 5 7% of the total
5a-1 5a-2 5b 5c 5d 5e 5f Task 5
1 1 2 2 3 4 5 18
When an atom X absorbs radiation with a photon energy greater than the ionization
energy of the atom, the atom is ionized to generate an ion X + and the electron (called a
photoelectron) is ejected at the same time. In this event, the energy is conserved as
shown in Figure 1, that is,
Photon energy (hν) = ionization energy (IE) of X + kinetic energy of photoelectron.
When a molecule, for example, H2, absorbs short-wavelength light, the photoelectron is
ejected and an H2 + ion with a variety of vibrational states is produced. A photoelectron
spectrum is a plot of the number of photoelectrons as a function of the kinetic energy of
the photoelectrons. Figure 2 shows a typical photoelectron spectrum when H2 in the
lowest vibrational level is irradiated by monochromatic light of 21.2 eV. No
photoelectrons are detected above 6.0 eV. eV is a unit of energy and 1.0 eV is equal to
1.6 × 10 -19 J.
X
+ IE
X
hν hν
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of
photoelectron spectroscopy.
Kinetic energy of
photoelectron
Intensity (arb.)
53
Photoelectron spectrum of H 2
h ν = 21.2 eV
6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0
Kinetic energy of photoelectron (eV)
Figure 2. Photoelectron spectrum of H2. The energy of the
incident light is 21.2 eV.

a-1) Determine the energy difference ΔEA1 (eV) between H2 (v = 0) and H2 + (v ion = 0) to
the first decimal place. v and v ion denote the vibrational quantum numbers of H2 and
H2 + , respectively.
a-2) Determine the energy difference ΔEA2 (eV) between H2 + (v ion = 0) and H2 + (v ion = 3)
to the first decimal place.
a-1) & a-2)
The spectral peak at 5.8 eV in Fig. 2 corresponds to the electron with the highest kinetic
energy, which is generated by the reaction H2(v = 0) → H2 + (vion = 0) + e. Accordingly,
ΔEA1 = 21.2 eV – 5.8 eV = 15.4 eV
One can estimate from Fig. 2 that the energy difference ΔEA2 between H2 + (v ion = 0) and
H2 + (v ion = 3) is approximately 0.8 eV.
ΔEA1 (eV) = 15.4 eV 1 pt
ΔEA2 (eV) = 0.8 eV 1 pt
b) The electronic energy levels
H
En Ry
= − n 2
n
( = 1, 2, 3Λ
)
.
H
E n of a hydrogen atom are given by the equation
Here n is a principal quantum number, and Ry is a constant with dimensions of energy.
The energy from n = 1 to n = 2 of the hydrogen atom is 10.2 eV. Calculate the
ionization energy EB (eV) of the hydrogen atom to the first decimal place.
The ionization energy corresponds to n = ∞. Accordingly,
3
∆E
n=
2←n=
1 = Ry
4
∆E
n=
∞←n
= 1 = Ry
Thus, the energy required for the ionization is 4/3 times larger than the transition energy of
the Lyman α line.
4
EB = 10.2 eV × = 13.6 eV
3
EB (eV) = 13.6 eV 2 pts
54

c) The energy threshold for the generation of two electronically excited hydrogen atoms
H* (n = 2) from H2 (v = 0) has been derived to be 24.9 eV by an experiment.
Determine the bond energy EC (eV) of H2 to the first decimal place.
24.9 eV = the binding energy of a hydrogen molecule + 10.2 eV + 10.2 eV.
Thus, the binding energy of a hydrogen molecule = EC = 4.5 eV.
EC (eV) = 4.5 eV 2 pts
d) Considering an energy cycle, determine the bond energy ED (eV) of H2 + to the first
decimal place. If you don’t have the values for EB and EC, then use 15.0 eV and 5.0
eV for EB and EC, respectively.
From Figure 3 below,
ED = EB + EC – ΔEA1 =13.6 + 4.5 – 15.4 = 2.7 eV.
ED (eV) = 2.7 eV 3 pts
e) Calculate the threshold energy EE (eV) of the following dissociative ionization
reaction to the first decimal place:
H ⎯⎯→ H* ( n = 2) + H
+
+ e
-
.
2
If you don’t have the values for EB and EC, then use 15.0 eV and 5.0 eV for EB and
EC, respectively.
E B =13.6 eV
H + H
E C =4.5 eV
E D = 2.7 eV
From Figure 3 above, the threshold energy for the dissociative ionization reaction
H2 → H* (n = 2) + H + + e - is EB + EC + 10.2 eV = 13.6 + 4.5 + 10.2 = 28.3 eV.
EE (eV) = 28.3 eV 4 pts
f) When H2 absorbs monochromatic light of 21.2 eV, the following dissociation
process occurs at the same time.
55
H + H + + e -
H 2 + + e -
ΔE A1 =15.4 eV
H 2

H ⎯⎯ 21.2
⎯⎯
eV
⎯→H(
n = 1) + H ( n = 1)
2
Two hydrogen atoms move in opposite directions with the same speed. Calculate
the speed u (m s -1 ) of the hydrogen atoms generated in the above reaction. H2 is
assumed to be at rest. If you don’t have the value for EC, then use 5.0 eV for EC.
The excess energy is 16.7 eV (= 21.2 eV – 4.5 eV). Because two hydrogen atoms are
generated upon photodissociation, half of this excess energy is released as translational
energy of the hydrogen atoms.
1 2
-18
mu = 8.35 eV = 1.34 × 10 J
2
(2 pts)
-3
-1
1.008 × 10 kg mol
−27
m =
= 1.67 × 10 kg
23 -1
6.022 × 10 mol
Then,
2
9 2 -2
4 -1
u = 1.6 × 10 m s u ≈ 4.0 × 10 m s
u (m/s) = 4.0 × 10 4 m/s 5 pts
56

Problem 6 6 % of the total
6a 6b 6c 6d Task 6
5 4 6 11 26
Read the description of four kinds of isomeric organic compounds of A, B, C, and D. All
have C8H10O and contain a benzene ring. Answer the questions that follow. If there are
stereoisomers, give all structural formulas. Note that any wrong isomers will be penalized.
� (1)At room temperature, a piece of sodium metal was added to A, B, and C in test
tubes and the evolution of hydrogen gas was observed only in the case of C.
� When an iron(III) chloride aqueous solution was added to C and D, no coloration was
observed in C, whereas D was colored.
� A was oxidized when (2)aqueous potassium permanganate was added to it and the
mixture was heated; the acidification of the heated mixture and its isolation afforded
benzoic acid.
� Let’s imagine that (3)a hydrogen atom in the benzene ring is replaced by a chlorine
atom, it is possible to obtain four kinds of monochlorinated structural isomers from B,
while only two kinds of such isomers can be obtained from D.
� Hydrogenation of the benzene ring in C and D using a catalyst gave saturated
alcohol(s). It was found that the saturated alcohol(s) obtained from C has no
stereogenic carbons, but the one(s) from D has stereogenic carbon(s).
a) Among all the isomeric organic compounds of C8H10O having a benzene ring, give
the structural formulas of all the isomers that do NOT yield hydrogen gas in the
underlined procedure (1), in which a piece of sodium is added to the neat samples in
the case of the liquid samples and to the concentrated solution of the samples in an
aprotic solvent in the case of the solid ones.
O
O O O O
b) Among all the isomeric organic compounds of C8H10O having a benzene ring, give
the structural formulas of all the isomers that yield benzoic acid in the underlined
procedure (2).
57
1pt each
wrong isomer: -1pt each
total pts ≥ 0 (not negative)

OH
c) Among all the isomeric organic compounds of C8H10O having a benzene ring, give
the structural formulas of all the isomers that could yield four different monochlorinated
structural isomers when the underlined transformation in (3) is performed.
OH OH
OH OH O
d) Give the structural formulas of A, B, C, and D. When several isomers can be
considered, give the structural formulas of all of them.
A B
O
1pt
wrong isomer: -1pt each
total pts ≥ 0 (not negative)
OH OH
O O
OH
C OH D OH OH
2pts each
wrong alcohol/phenol: -1pt each
ether: -2pts each
total pts ≥ 0 (not negative)
58
1pt each
wrong isomer: -1pt each
total pts ≥ 0 (not negative)
1pt each
wrong isomer: -1pt each
total pts ≥ 0 (not negative)
O O
1pt each
wrong isomer: -1pt each
total pts ≥ 0 (not negative)
2pts each
wrong alcohol/phenol: -1pt each
ether: -2pts each
total pts ≥ 0 (not negative)

Problem 7 7% of the total
7a 7b 7c 7d Task 7
4 9 6 5 24
Certain varieties of puffer fish, Fugu in Japanese, are highly prized as foods in Japan.
Since the viscera (especially ovaries and livers) of the fish contain a potent toxin
(tetrodotoxin), food poisoning often results from its ingestion. Studies on tetrodotoxin (1)
have been performed from the beginning in the 20th century; its chemical structure was
elucidated in 1964.
H 2N
O –
HO
H
O
H
N
O
OH
N
H HO
H
H
H
H
OH
tetrodotoxin (1)
a) The guanidine group in tetrodotoxin exhibits strong basicity. The guanidinium ion
resulting from protonation on the guanidine group is stabilized by the existence of the
following resonance. Draw two resonance structures B and C.
B
NHR 1
H 2N NHR 2
2 pts each.
NHR 1
H2N NHR2 A
C
NHR 1
H 2N NHR 2
b) Many derivatization reactions were performed in structure studies of tetrodotoxin.
Treatment of tetrodotoxin (1) with ethanolic potassium hydroxide upon heating
afforded quinazoline derivative 2, which provided an insight into the nature of the
fundamental skeleton of tetrodotoxin. The reaction mechanism can be described as
follows. First, tetrodotoxin is hydrolyzed into carboxylate 3. Then the hydroxyl group
highlighted with a frame is eliminated by the base to give intermediate D. A retroaldol
reaction of D cleaves a carbon-carbon bond to provide intermediates E and F.
Finally, dehydration and aromatization from E produce quinazoline derivative 2. Draw
structures of the postulated intermediates D, E, and F.
59
B
OH
C

H 2N
H 2N
N
D
O –
HO
H
O
H
N
O
OH
N
H HO
H
H
H
1
H
OH
N
H 2N
2
HN
OH
OH
H
N
H
HO
H
OH
OH
O
COO –
N
COO
OH
HO
N
OH H
–
H2O base
H2N HO
H
H
OH
H HO
H
H
H
OH
3
base
dehydration &
aromatization
OH
OH
intermediate E
E
H 2N
HN
F
OH
H
N
H
60
OH
O
OH
base
retro-aldol reaction
OH
OH
H 2N
F
HN
OH
H
N
H
HO
H
dehydration
(-H 2O)
O
H
OH
OH
COO –
3
OH
base
intermediate D
COO –
3 pts each. Other stereoisomers are acceptable. Each free form is acceptable.
Tautomors concerning guanidine moiety are all acceptable. Enol form is acceptable.
E: dehydrated products and zwitterionic structure are acceptable.
c) Although biosynthesis of tetrodotoxin still remains to be clarified, it is proposed that
tetrodotoxin may be biologically synthesized from L-arginine and isopentenyl
diphosphate. Among the carbons included in tetrodotoxin, circle all the carbons that
are expected to be of L-arginine origin.
NH 2
H 2N N H
H 2N
L-arginine
HO
H
H
N
N
H HO
NH 2
O –
H
H
COO –
O
O
OH
H
H
OH
– O
OH
O
P
O –
O
O
P
O –
O
isopentenyl diphosphate
tetrodotoxin (1)
OH
OH

6 pts. 1 pt each for correct carbon. Deduct 1 pt for each carbon over 6. 0 pts for all
carbons circled.
d) In the 1990s, an alternative biosynthetic pathway of tetrodotoxin was proposed.
Condensation between 2-deoxy-3-oxo-D-pentose and guanidine provides
intermediate G with cyclic guanidine moiety (molecular formula C6H11N3O3).
Tetrodotoxin may be biologically synthesized from intermediate G and isopentenyl
diphosphate. Draw a structure of the postulated intermediate G showing the
stereochemistry.
HO
O
O
OH
2-deoxy-3-oxo-D-pentose
HO
G
O
HO
OH
OH
CHO
H
N NH
OH
NH
NH 2
HN NH 2
– O
G ( C 6H 11N 3O 3)
61
O
P
O –
O
O
P
O –
O
isopentenyl diphosphate
5 pts (enantiomer at C4, 3 pts, C4 stereochemistry is unclear, 3 pts).
HO
OH
HO
H
N NH
NH
HO
OH
N NH
NH
HO
OH
HO
H
N NH
OH
acceptable
Each zwitterionic structure (and protonated structure) like below is acceptable.
HO
OH
H
N NH 2
O –
NH
Tautomers concerning guanidine moiety are all acceptable.
N
tetrodotoxin (1)

Problem 8 6% of the total
8a-1 8a-2 8a-3 8b-1 8b-2 Task 8
2 4 3 4 7 20
The esterification reaction between bi-functional molecules gives one of the typical linear
chain polymers as shown in eq.(1) by polycondensation (often called “condensation
polymerization”). The control of polymerization conditions and procedures determines the
length of polymer strands, i.e., the average degree of polymerization, X (note that X = 2n
in the present instance). Because X (and also n ) is an averaged number, it is not always
an integer but a value with decimal figures.
n HOOC-R 1 -COOH + n HO-R 2 -OH → HO-[COR 1 CO-OR 2 O]n-H + (2n-1)H2O (1)
X can be estimated from the consumption of functional groups (here, -COOH and -OH).
Let us define the degree of reaction, p, as p = (N0 - N) / N0 (≦ 1), where N0 and N denote
the total numbers of functional groups before and after the polymerization, respectively.
For each functional group of the dicarboxylic acid molecules (A) and diol molecules (B),
we add the suffixes of “A” or “B” such as NA0, NB0, NA or NB, respectively, i.e., N0 = NA0 +
NB0 and N = NA + NB. When the initial feed is unbalanced such as NA0 ≦ NB0, X is
expressed by pA and r as shown in eq.(2), where r = NA0 / NB0 (≦ 1) and pA = (NA0 – NA) /
NA0. If r = 1, pA is identical to p and eq.(2) becomes the same to the Carothers equation.
X = (1 + r) / (1 + r - 2pAr) (2)
a) Some nylon-6,6 sample was prepared by polycondensation between an equimolar
mixture of adipic acid (hexanedioic acid) and hexamethylenediamine (hexane-1,6diamine).
a-1) Show the chemical structure of this nylon-6,6 sample. [Caution: what are the end
groups when polycondensation was started from the equimolar mixture?]
HO-[CO(CH2)4CO-NH(CH2)6NH]n-H or equivalent structures are all OK.
Total 2 pts. -0.5 pt for lacking “n,” another -0.5 pt for lacking each of the end group(s).
62

a-2) When this nylon-6,6 sample carries an average molecular weight, M, of 5507.25
(g mol -1 ), give its X value to the second decimal place.
Calculation procedures must be shown by suitable equation(s) (otherwise, no
score will be provided):
The unit molecular weight, Mu, is calculated to be,
Mu = (12.01 × 12 + 1.01 × 22 + 14.01 × 2 + 16.00 × 2) / 2 = 226.36 / 2 = 113.18
X = (5507.25 - 18.02) / Mu = (5507.25 - 18.02) / 113.18 = 48.50, or
X = 2n = 2 × [(5507.25 - 18.02) / 226.36] = 48.50
X = 48.50
Black parts are prewritten in the answer boxes (same to all questions in Problem 8).
Underlined (or equivalent) calculation procedures are required. Total 4 pts. -1 pt for
calculation mistakes.
a-3) Give the p value necessary to prepare this nylon-6,6 sample of M = 5507.25
(g mol -1 ) to the fifth decimal place. If you get no numerical answer in a-2), use
52.50 instead.
From eq.(3) at r = 1 (Carothers eq.), X = 48.50 = 1 / (1 - p), then p = 0.979381
≒ 0.97938
p = 0.97938 (0.98095 when X = 52.50.)
Total 3 pts. -1 pt for calculation mistakes.
b) The low-molecular-weight polyester (oligoester) is prepared from the mixture of 36.54
(g) of adipic acid (hexanedioic acid) and an unknown amount [W (g)] of butane-1,4-diol
(Bdiol). Under the condition of pA→1, the oligoester with X = 11.00 carrying Bdiol units
in both chain ends is obtained.
b-1) Show the precise chemical structure of this oligoester of X = 11.00.
[HO(CH2)4O]1.000-[CO(CH2)4CO-O(CH2)4O]5.000-H or
HO(CH2)4O-[CO(CH2)4CO-O(CH2)4O]5.000-H is accurate, however,
HO(CH2)4O-[CO(CH2)4CO-O(CH2)4O]5-H is acceptable.
Total 4 pts, -1 pt for lacking the number of unit repeating or writing “n” instead of “5.00
(or 5)”. Another -1 pt for lacking HO- and/or -H end group(s). No point if lacking the leftmost
HO(CH2)4O- group.
63

-2) Calculate the unknown amount, W (g), to the first decimal place.
Calculation procedures must be shown by suitable equation(s) (otherwise, no
score will be provided):
Mw(adipic acid) = 146.16, Mw(Bdiol) = 90.14
Ans.1 Since X = 11.00, the oligoester contains 5.00 units of adipate and 6.00 units of
Bdiol. [cf) 5.00 + 6.00 = 11.00 = X] When pA→1, the initial molar feed ratio of the
monomers is equal to the molar composition of the resulting oligoester.
[adipic acid]0 / [Bdiol]0 = 5.00 / 6.00, W = 90.14 × (6.00 / 5.00) × (36.54 / 146.16) =
27.042 ≒ 27.0 (g)
Ans.2 From eq.(2), when pA→1, X = (1 + r) / (1 - r). Therefore,
11.00 = [1 + {(36.54 / 146.16) / (W / 90.14)}] / [1 - {(36.54 / 146.16) / (W / 90.14)}]
= [(W / 90.14) + 0.2500] / [(W / 90.14) - 0.2500]
11.00 × [(W / 90.14) - 0.2500] = [(W / 90.14) + 0.2500], 10.00 × (W / 90.14) = 3.000
W = 3.000 × 90.14 / 10.00 = 27.042 ≒ 27.0 (g)
W = 27.0 (g)
Either calculation procedures are acceptable. Underlined (or equivalent) calculation
procedures are required. Total 7 pts, -1 pt for calculation mistakes.
64

Problem 9 7% of the total
9a 9b 9c 9d 9e 9f Task 9
4 2 8 4 8 8 34
α-Cyclodextrin (αCyD), which is a cyclic oligosaccharide of six α(1 → 4) linked α-Dglucopyranoside
units, can be topologically represented as toroids (Figure 1). α-Dglucopyranoside
units in αCyD are usually in the most stable chair conformation.
α
αCyD
αCyD
a) Give the absolute configuration (R or S) at stereogenic carbons C-2 and C-5 of Dglucose.
Also, draw a stereostructure of the open chain form of D-glucose.
Absolute configuration at C-2:
R 1 pt
Absolute configuration at C-5:
R 1 pt
Figure 1. Space filling model of αCyD. Left:
view through the hole. Right: side
view.
Chain form:
HO
65
OH
OH
O
H
OH OH or OH
2 pts (carbon skeleton: 1 pt; others: 1 pt)
O
H
HO
H
H
H
OH
H
OH
OH

) Choose the most stable conformation from the four incomplete α-D-glucopyranose
formulas given in the answer box and enclose it in a box. Also, add four OH groups
and four H atoms to complete the α-D-glucopyranose formula.
Answer:
HO
HO
H
HO
H
H
H
OH H
H
OH
O
OH
H
O
O
O
H
H
OH
OH
H
OH
H
H
OH
OH
OH
2 pts ( 4 C1 : 1 pt; -OH: 1 pt)
1 pts ( 4 C1 : 0 pt; -OH: 1 pt)
Others 0 pt
66
H
O
O
OH
H
OH

αCyD in water is able to host hydrophobic molecules. When the host/guest (H/G)
stoichiometry is 1/1, the inclusion complexation can be given by the following equilibrium.
k1 G + H HG (1)
k-1 where k1 and k-1 are the rate constant for the forward and backward reaction, respectively.
The complexation of a guest to αCyD causes a chemical shift change in 1 H NMR spectra.
Figure 2 shows a part of 1 H NMR spectra (signals from H-1 of αCyD) showing the
chemical shift change in the presence of varying amounts of
1,10-bis(trimethylammonium)decane diiodide (BTAD). The doublet peak at 5.06 ppm is
from H-1 of free αCyD, while the doublet at 5.14 ppm is from H-1 of αCyD complexed with
BTAD. (Note that the spectra given in Figure 2 were measured in the complexation
equilibrium state.)
BTAD
Figure 2. Expanded 1 H NMR
spectra (signals from H-1 of
αCyD) of solutions containing
5.0×10 -3 mol L -1 αCyD and
0-3.0 ×10 -2 mol L -1 BTAD.
c) In the spectrum of 5.0 x10 -3 mol L -1 /5.0 x10 -3 mol L -1 αCyD/BTAD, the relative peak
areas of the doublets at 5.06 and 5.14 ppm are 0.41 and 0.59, respectively. Calculate,
to 2 significant figures, the concentration equilibrium constant, K for the inclusion
complexation of αCyD/BTAD.
[HG] [αCyD]0×a5.14 5.0 x10 -3 M × 0.59
K = --------- = --------------------------------------------------------- = -------------------------- = 0.70 x10 3
[H][G] [αCyD]0 × a5.06 × {[BTAD]0 – [αCyD]0 × a5.14} (5.0x10 -3 M × 0.41) 2
1 pt 3 pts 3 pts 1 pt
a5.06: relative area of the peak at 5.06 ppm = mole fracrion of free αCyD
a5.14: relative area of the peak at 5.14 ppm = mole fracrion of αCyD complexed with BTAD
K: 7.0 × 10 2 8 pts in total
67

Complexation of αCyD with hexyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) appears in NMR
spectra in a way different from the αCyD/BTAD complexation. Figure 3 shows a part of 1 H
NMR spectra (H-6 signal of HTAB) in αCyD/HTAB solutions. The signal appears as one
triplet (not two triplets), which shifts depending on the concentration of αCyD from the
position of free HTAB to the position of αCyD/HTAB in proportion to the fraction of the
complex in the solution. The H-6 signals from free HTAB and HTAB complexed with αCyD
are triplets at 0.740 ppm and 0.860 ppm, respectively.
HTAB
Figure 3. Expanded 1 H NMR
spectra (H-6 signal of HTAB)
of solutions containing
1.0×10 -2 mol L -1 HTAB and
0-3.0×10 -2 mol L -1 αCyD.
d) The signal of HTAB in αCyD/HTAB solutions appears as one triplet, which shifts
depending on the concentration of αCyD. Choose the rational interpretation(s) just
from these spectra.
hint: When a guest molecule move in and out of αCyD rapidly and repeatedly, only
one signal of the guest is observed at the weighted average of the chemical
shifts of the free guest and the shift of the guest included in αCyD.
a. k1 of αCyD/HTAB > k1 of αCyD/BTAD
b. k1 of αCyD/HTAB < k1 of αCyD/BTAD
c. K of αCyD/HTAB > K of αCyD/BTAD
d. K of αCyD/HTAB < K of αCyD/BTAD
a 4 pts (additional choice : –2 pts for each)
68

e) The signals of HTAB in 1.0 x10 -2 mol L -1 /1.0 x10 -2 mol L -1 αCyD/HTAB are positioned
at 0.815 ppm. Calculate, to 2 significant figures, K for the complexation of
αCyD/HTAB.
In 1.0 x10 -2 mol L -1 /1.0 x10 -2 mol L -1 αCyD/HTAB,
s10/10 – sfree 0.815 – 0.740
f10/10 = ------------------- = ---------------------- = 0.625
scomplex – sfree 0.860 – 0.740
sfree, scomplex: chemical shift of HTAB in free, and complexed state
s10/10: chemical shift of HTAB in 10.0 mM/10.0 mM αCyD/HTAB
f10/10: mole fraction of complexed HTAB in 10.0 mM/10.0 mM αCyD/HTAB
[HG]
K = ---------
[H][G]
[HTAB]0 × f10/10 1.0 x10 -2 mol L -1 × 0. 625
= ---------------------------------------------------------- = -------------------------------------------
{[αCyD]0 – f10/10 [HTAB]0}[HTAB]0(1 – f10/10) [1.0 x10 -2 mol L -1 × (1 – 0. 625)] 2
= 4.4 × 10 2
2 pts 2 pts
K: 4.4 × 10 2 1 pt 8 pts in total
69
3 pts
f) At 40.0 ºC and 60.0 ºC, K for the complexation of αCyD/HTAB are 3.12 × 10 2 and
2.09 × 10 2 respectively. Calculate, to 2 significant figures, the enthalpy change, ∆Hº
[kJ mol -1 ], and the entropy change, ∆Sº [J K -1 mol -1 ]. (Ignore the temperature
dependence of ∆Hº and ∆Sº.)
From ΔGº= –RT ln K,
ΔGº (40.0 o C) = –8.314 × 313.2 ln (3.12 × 10 2 ) = –14.94 × 10 3 J mol –1
ΔGº (60.0 o C) = –8.314 × 333.2 ln (2.09 × 10 2 ) = –14.79 × 10 3 J mol –1
2 pts each
From ΔGº=ΔHº-TΔSº
–14.94 × 10 3 = ΔHº – 313.2 × ΔSº
–14.79 × 10 3 = ΔHº – 333.2 × ΔSº 2 pts
ΔSº = –7.5 J K –1 mol –1 , ΔHº = –17 kJ mol –1
ΔSº: –7.5 J K –1 mol –1 1pt
ΔHº: –17 kJ mol –1 1pt 8 pts in total

Final Results and Ranking
Rank Name Country
Practical
(max 40)
Theoretical
(max 60)
Total
(max 100)
Medal
1 Xianghang Shangguan China 36.960 59.611 96.571 Gold
2 Daniil Khokhlov
Russian
Federation
39.350 56.567 95.917 Gold
3 Pilkeun Jang Korea 37.077 57.625 94.702 Gold
4 Robert Pollice Austria 36.389 58.200 94.589 Gold
5
Seyed Amirhossein
Nasseri
I. R. of Iran 37.404 56.370 93.774 Gold
6 Qilei Zhu China 35.725 57.403 93.128 Gold
7 Alif Noikham Thailand 35.503 57.482 92.985 Gold
8 Ruth Franklin
United
Kingdom
36.089 56.890 92.979 Gold
9 Khetpakorn Chakarawet Thailand 35.234 57.635 92.869 Gold
10 Yu-Chi Kuo
Chinese
Taipei
35.885 56.924 92.809 Gold
11 Zhiyao Zhou China 32.974 59.708 92.682 Gold
12 Assaf Mauda Israel 35.623 56.936 92.559 Gold
13 Manoel Manuputty Indonesia 36.285 56.222 92.507 Gold
14 Ruyi Wang China 32.668 59.769 92.437 Gold
15
Rafael Angel Rodriguez
Arguedas
Costa Rica 36.392 55.894 92.286 Gold
16
Pinnaree
Tea-Mangkornpan
Thailand 32.200 60.000 92.200 Gold
17 Hayate Saitoh Japan 37.359 54.787 92.146 Gold
18 Eszter Najbauer Hungary 34.225 57.499 91.724 Gold
19 Ken-Ichi Endo Japan 32.672 58.825 91.497 Gold
20 Gleb Široki Estonia 34.675 56.694 91.369 Gold
21 Colin Lu United States 36.155 54.756 90.911 Gold
22 Alexander Siegenfeld United States 33.705 56.859 90.564 Gold
23 Máté Somlyay Hungary 35.637 54.881 90.518 Gold
24 Hyeonjae Lee Korea 34.297 56.167 90.464 Gold
25 Ondrej Hak
Czech
Republic
37.075 52.870 89.945 Gold
26 Fong Jie Ming Nigel Singapore 34.364 55.495 89.859 Gold
27 Lum Jian Yang Singapore 33.936 55.744 89.680 Gold
28 Frantisek Petrous
Czech
Republic
32.145 57.498 89.643 Gold
29
Nicolas Villagran
Dos Santos
Argentina 33.040 56.208 89.248 Gold
30 Jaehyun Lim Korea 38.236 50.908 89.144 Gold
31 Vladimiras Oleinikovas Lithuania 35.372 53.531 88.903 Gold
32 Ming-Ko Cho
Chinese
Taipei
30.608 58.148 88.756 Gold
33 Diptarka Hait India 31.867 56.568 88.435 Silver
34 Deniz Caglin Turkey 34.469 53.941 88.410 Silver
35 Pavel Svec
Czech
Republic
38.050 50.110 88.160 Silver
36 Constantin Giurgiu Romania 33.496 54.506 88.002 Silver
70

Rank Name Country
Practical
(max 40)
Theoretical
(max 60)
Total
(max 100)
Medal
37 Florian Berger Germany 34.692 52.896 87.588 Silver
38 Hiroki Uratani Japan 37.134 50.376 87.510 Silver
39 Binh Nguyen Duc Viet Nam 35.851 51.162 87.013 Silver
40 Mehmet Cem Sahiner Turkey 31.826 55.101 86.927 Silver
41
Levindo Jose Garcia
Quarto
Brazil 35.442 51.406 86.848 Silver
42
Jiraborrirak
Charoenpattarapreeda
Thailand 33.781 52.948 86.729 Silver
43 Wei-Che Tsai
Chinese
Taipei
28.048 58.533 86.581 Silver
44 Attila Sveiczer Hungary 35.159 51.263 86.422 Silver
45 Tng Jia Hao Barry Singapore 29.352 56.506 85.858 Silver
46 Witold Hoffmann Poland 37.719 47.940 85.659 Silver
47 Bo-Yun Gu
Chinese
Taipei
28.458 57.024 85.482 Silver
48 Manuel Eberl Germany 31.505 53.510 85.015 Silver
49 Connie Zhao Canada 34.218 50.427 84.645 Silver
50 Kornel Ocytko Poland 29.314 55.273 84.587 Silver
51 Luca Zucchini Italy 31.910 52.658 84.568 Silver
52 Richard Li United States 32.825 51.612 84.437 Silver
53 Won Jae Kim Korea 26.245 58.029 84.274 Silver
54 Vranješević Filip Croatia 31.562 52.554 84.116 Silver
55 Marek Buchman Slovakia 36.790 46.699 83.489 Silver
56 Ladislav Hovan Slovakia 26.526 56.881 83.407 Silver
57 Nikunj Saunshi India 31.751 51.551 83.302 Silver
58 Mads Bøttger Hansen Denmark 32.564 50.456 83.020 Silver
59 Mohammadreza
Amirmoshiri
I. R. of Iran 28.281 54.594 82.875 Silver
60 Ondrej Henych
Czech
Republic
30.600 52.228 82.828 Silver
61 Fatih Alcicek Turkey 31.316 51.438 82.754 Silver
62 Anton Topchiy Ukraine 28.337 54.377 82.714 Silver
63 Surendra Kotra India 31.216 51.485 82.701 Silver
64 Kengo Kataoka Japan 30.076 52.587 82.663 Silver
65 Brian Bi Canada 25.268 57.325 82.593 Silver
66 Dominik Štefanko Slovakia 29.098 53.463 82.561 Silver
67 Leonard Hasenclever Germany 33.312 49.048 82.360 Silver
68 Khu Boon Hou Derek Singapore 28.460 53.804 82.264 Silver
69 Áron Szigetvári Hungary 27.137 54.896 82.033 Silver
70 Alexander Kochnev
Russian
Federation
31.034 50.230 81.264 Silver
71 Kirill Sukhoverkov
Russian
Federation
28.307 52.838 81.145 Silver
72 Rémi Olivier Patin France 28.322 52.806 81.128 Silver
73 Cyril Tang Australia 26.653 54.041 80.694 Silver
74 Richard Liu Canada 27.240 53.180 80.420 Silver
71

Rank Name Country
Practical
(max 40)
72
Theoretical
(max 60)
Total
(max 100)
Medal
75 Joshua Stedman
United
Kingdom
34.396 45.962 80.358 Silver
76 Quang Luu Nguyen Hong Viet Nam 29.736 50.462 80.198 Silver
77 Dzianis Kuliomin Belarus 27.194 52.985 80.179 Silver
78 Dominykas Sedleckas Lithuania 33.044 46.857 79.901 Silver
79 Jarkko Timo Olavi Järvelä Finland 30.029 49.798 79.827 Silver
80 Roberts Bluķis Latvia 33.638 46.183 79.821 Silver
81 Hossein Dadashazar I. R. of Iran 26.330 53.219 79.549 Silver
82 Vidmantas Bieliunas Lithuania 33.240 46.297 79.537 Silver
83 Alimatun Nashira Indonesia 25.887 52.783 78.670 Silver
84 Sergiy Shyshkanov Ukraine 25.238 52.941 78.179 Silver
85 Yeoh Keat Hor Malaysia 35.490 42.607 78.097 Silver
86 David Edey
United
Kingdom
31.020 46.987 78.007 Silver
87 Baptiste Couet France 30.606 47.003 77.609 Silver
88 Hanieh Safari I. R. of Iran 24.419 53.080 77.499 Silver
89 Kucanda Kristina Croatia 32.102 45.150 77.252 Silver
90 Sebastian Gogg Austria 36.369 40.810 77.179 Silver
91 Stewart Alexander New Zealand 31.984 44.924 76.908 Bronze
92 Stuart Ferrie Australia 32.109 44.686 76.795 Bronze
93 Kelvin Cheung Australia 28.933 47.858 76.791 Bronze
94 Utsarga Sikder United States 22.115 54.446 76.561 Bronze
95 Maciej Gryszel Poland 36.638 39.819 76.457 Bronze
96 Pablo Giomi Spain 35.240 40.960 76.200 Bronze
97 Tudor Balan Romania 23.087 52.809 75.896 Bronze
98 Maksim Mišin Estonia 22.472 53.407 75.879 Bronze
99 Lujia Xu New Zealand 29.246 46.204 75.450 Bronze
100 Emilis Bruzas Lithuania 26.047 49.354 75.401 Bronze
101 David Bellamy New Zealand 21.264 53.717 74.981 Bronze
102 Alexandru Sava Romania 24.635 50.336 74.971 Bronze
103 Abylay Shakhizadayev Kazakhstan 20.559 54.203 74.762 Bronze
104 Alain Vaucher Switzerland 26.840 47.669 74.509 Bronze
105 Ilya Skripin Kazakhstan 28.386 46.080 74.466 Bronze
106 Amarsanaa Davaasuren Mongolia 29.657 44.784 74.441 Bronze
107 Wepa Roziyev Turkmenistan 25.933 48.499 74.432 Bronze
108 Žiga Perko Slovenia 31.742 42.539 74.281 Bronze
109 Marcin Malinowski Poland 31.208 42.831 74.039 Bronze
110 Árni Johnsen Iceland 31.564 41.321 72.885 Bronze
111 Viktors Pozņaks Latvia 28.510 44.203 72.713 Bronze
112 Ioana Moga Romania 28.899 43.098 71.997 Bronze
113 Stephen Yuwono Indonesia 27.265 44.355 71.620 Bronze
114 Lizaveta Durovich Belarus 25.252 46.267 71.519 Bronze
115 Nejc Petek Slovenia 32.996 38.143 71.139 Bronze
116 David Ahlstrand Sweden 30.742 40.349 71.091 Bronze
117 Maxim Kozlov
Russian
Federation
22.878 48.069 70.947 Bronze
118 Agung Hartoko Indonesia 29.761 41.069 70.830 Bronze

Rank Name Country
Practical
(max 40)
Theoretical
(max 60)
Total
(max 100)
Medal
119 Dmytro Frolov Ukraine 28.592 42.109 70.701 Bronze
120 Valter Bergant Slovenia 29.861 40.699 70.560 Bronze
121 Johannes Hellwagner Austria 26.373 44.048 70.421 Bronze
122 Zhalgas Serimbetov Kazakhstan 20.069 50.349 70.418 Bronze
123 Anandagopal Srinivasan Ireland 31.027 39.278 70.305 Bronze
124 Ezequiel Maidanik Argentina 22.608 47.518 70.126 Bronze
125 Ivan Jakovlev Estonia 27.136 42.921 70.057 Bronze
126 Mikhail Kavalchuk Belarus 15.822 53.291 69.113 Bronze
127 Tuan Le Anh Viet Nam 26.388 42.625 69.013 Bronze
128 Cuc Mai Thu Viet Nam 24.133 44.508 68.641 Bronze
129 Lukas Wagner Germany 27.902 40.454 68.356 Bronze
130 Alan Carrasco-Carballo Mexico 33.339 34.160 67.499 Bronze
131 Michael Michelachvili Israel 23.295 44.130 67.425 Bronze
132 Yannick Suter Switzerland 27.566 39.806 67.372 Bronze
133 Konstantin Krautgasser Austria 30.577 36.608 67.185 Bronze
134 Markovic Igor Croatia 34.209 32.634 66.843 Bronze
135 Christos Anastassiades Cyprus 19.253 47.490 66.743 Bronze
136 Makbule Esen Turkey 26.701 39.938 66.639 Bronze
137 Alexander Blokhuis Netherlands 23.991 42.522 66.513 Bronze
138 Andre Silva Franco Brazil 26.683 39.791 66.474 Bronze
139 Jessica Kazumi Okuma Brazil 23.243 43.098 66.341 Bronze
140 Mario Rugiero Argentina 29.476 36.583 66.059 Bronze
141 Agil Azimzada Azerbaijan 23.945 41.649 65.594 Bronze
142 Vasil Vasilev Bulgaria 21.030 44.425 65.455 Bronze
143 Kadi Liis Saar Estonia 22.166 43.169 65.335 Bronze
144 David Wade
United
Kingdom
21.705 43.146 64.851 Bronze
145 Eviatar Degani Israel 18.723 46.103 64.826 Bronze
146 Daniel Quill Ireland 25.620 38.960 64.580 Bronze
147 Ingrid Eidsvaag Andersen Norway 21.411 43.151 64.562 Bronze
148 Anatolij Babič Netherlands 27.621 36.604 64.225 Bronze
149 Antton Curutchet France 24.863 38.851 63.714 Bronze
150 Cédric Martin France 27.489 36.174 63.663 Bronze
151 Istvan Kleijn Netherlands 28.170 35.416 63.586 Bronze
152 Rahym Ashirov Turkmenistan 23.978 39.043 63.021 Bronze
153 Andreu Tortajada Navarro Spain 28.172 34.775 62.947 Bronze
154 Buiucli Serafim Moldova 23.548 38.468 62.016 Bronze
155 Allan Chau Australia 24.806 37.204 62.010 Bronze
156 Ivan Bojidarov Dimov Bulgaria 17.944 43.952 61.896 Bronze
157 Miras Bekbergenov Kazakhstan 13.523 48.162 61.685 Bronze
158
Jesús Alvaro Gómez
Iregui
Spain 26.625 35.017 61.642 Bronze
159
Niels Christian Holm
Sanden
Denmark 32.001 29.387 61.388 Bronze
160 Natallia Yelavik Belarus 14.564 46.262 60.826 Bronze
161 Amit Panghal India 18.673 41.878 60.551 Bronze
73

Rank Name Country
Practical
(max 40)
Theoretical
(max 60)
Total
(max 100)
Medal
162 Edvard Sargsyan Armenia 19.759 40.778 60.537 Bronze
163 Rashad Yusifov Azerbaijan 19.282 40.972 60.254 Bronze
164
Matias Lanus Mendez
Elizalde
Argentina 28.846 31.143 59.989 Bronze
165 Vladyslav Panarin Ukraine 20.531 39.427 59.958 Bronze
166 Jari Tapio Huisman Finland 27.185 32.628 59.813 Bronze
167 Suvi Kaarina Klapuri Finland 21.119 38.478 59.597 Bronze
168 Kristian Holten Møller Denmark 28.252 31.131 59.383 Bronze
169
74
Raymundo
Esquer-Rodriguez
Mexico 27.822 30.510 58.332 Bronze
170 Manuel Van Rijn Netherlands 30.004 28.276 58.280 Bronze
171 Jaimin Choi New Zealand 16.652 41.287 57.939 Bronze
172
Fani Georgieva
Madzharova
Bulgaria 24.246 33.141 57.387 Bronze
173 Alberto Branchi Italy 19.601 37.763 57.364 Bronze
174 Luciano Barluzzi Italy 19.940 37.328 57.268 Bronze
175 Oscar Salomon Kivinen Finland 23.536 33.401 56.937 Bronze
176
Raul Bruno Machado
Da Silva
Brazil 15.058 41.575 56.633 Bronze
177 Saidali Kholzoda Tajikistan 27.467 28.231 55.698 Hon. Men.
178 Ulugbek Barotov Tajikistan 19.231 36.129 55.360 Hon. Men.
179 Philip Sohn Canada 21.525 33.774 55.299 Hon. Men.
180 Oscar Garcia Montero Costa Rica 26.869 28.382 55.251 Hon. Men.
181
Jorge Pedro Martins
Nogueiro
Portugal 25.641 29.283 54.924 Hon. Men.
182 Marek Vician Slovakia 26.645 27.989 54.634 Hon. Men.
183 Panayiota Katsamba Cyprus 19.094 35.488 54.582 Hon. Men.
184 Božidar Aničić Slovenia 17.734 35.736 53.470 Hon. Men.
185 Tania Lizeth Lopez-Silva Mexico 28.779 24.433 53.212 Hon. Men.
186
Gonçalo
Bonifácio
Vitorino
Portugal 23.280 28.616 51.896
187
Oscar Hans Emil
Mickelin
Sweden 24.427 27.460 51.887
188 Jakob Bank Kodal Denmark 21.848 29.859 51.707
189 Negrescu Dan Moldova 23.042 28.656 51.698
190 Nicholas Thong Li Jie Malaysia 27.963 23.543 51.506
191 Espen Auseth Nielsen Norway 14.857 36.647 51.504
192 Muhammad Anus Pakistan 15.738 35.550 51.288
193 Enkhbat Myagmar Mongolia 14.034 36.873 50.907
194 Tsvetan Hristov Tarnev Bulgaria 27.009 23.634 50.643
195 Lars Moen Strømsnes Norway 22.364 28.159 50.523
196 Gantulga Batbayar Mongolia 14.559 35.491 50.050
197 Dmitrijs Jevdokimovs Latvia 22.926 26.460 49.386
198 Michelle Frei Switzerland 25.562 23.113 48.675
199 Jeroen Van Cleemput Belgium 19.678 28.280 47.958
200 Viktor Mattias Johansson Sweden 22.186 25.238 47.424
201 Myrat Annamuhammedov Turkmenistan 16.227 30.875 47.102

Rank Name Country
75
Practical
(max 40)
Theoretical
(max 60)
Total
(max 100)
202 Maartje Iris Romijn Norway 26.915 19.929 46.844
203 Dermot Gillen Ireland 13.958 32.849 46.807
204
María Victoria Moreno
Hernández
Venezuela 28.372 18.349 46.721
205 Selenge Enkhtuya Mongolia 15.819 30.674 46.493
206 Anael Ben Asher Israel 15.432 30.969 46.401
207 Alisher Rakhimov Tajikistan 12.790 33.581 46.371
208 Giuseppe Recchia Italy 22.544 23.801 46.345
209 Oscar
Palomino-Hernandez
Mexico 15.265 30.225 45.490
210 Izhar Ali Pakistan 23.060 22.422 45.482
211 Artur Aslanyan Armenia 12.814 32.651 45.465
212
Marconi Nicolás Peñas
De Frutos
Spain 18.577 26.624 45.201
213
Rabi 'Atul Adibah
'Allauddin
Malaysia 20.074 25.122 45.196
214 Jonathan Wilson Ireland 21.229 23.144 44.373
215 Wainer Camacho Araya Costa Rica 25.459 18.244 43.703
216
Ramón Lorenzo Panades
Barrueto
Cuba 5.726 37.909 43.635
217 Sigtryggur Kjartansson Iceland 21.445 21.955 43.400
218 Vahagn Tamazyan Armenia 9.655 32.873 42.528
219 Stelios Chatzimichail Cyprus 10.225 32.241 42.466
220 Azizbek Usvaliev Kyrgyzstan 11.956 30.472 42.428
221
Siti Fatma Hawaria
Mokhtar
Malaysia 22.344 19.877 42.221
222 Helgi Björnsson Iceland 22.934 19.211 42.145
223 Nikolaos Kaplaneris Greece 19.421 22.550 41.971
224 Shakhboz Zulfaliev Tajikistan 11.031 30.846 41.877
225 Petricevic Fran Croatia 16.988 24.709 41.697
226
Tachmajal Corrales
Sanchez
Costa Rica 21.569 18.601 40.170
227 Jānis Briška Latvia 16.481 23.162 39.643
228 Michele Oliosi Switzerland 10.369 29.077 39.446
229 Konráð Þór Þorsteinsson Iceland 16.584 20.002 36.586
230 Stefanos Tyros Greece 15.363 21.007 36.370
231 Vugar Mirzakhanov Azerbaijan 12.722 23.637 36.359
232 Dosca Anastasia Moldova 11.098 24.782 35.880
233
Luis Fernando Merma
Paucar
Peru 17.364 18.033 35.397
234 Emil Marklund Sweden 14.726 20.619 35.345
235 Kevin Renier Belgium 20.666 14.030 34.696
236 Hafiz Hassan Ali Pakistan 15.819 18.755 34.574
237
Marta Cristina Neves
Portugal 10.597 23.867 34.464
238
Aguiar
Sebastian Andres
Martinez
Uruguay 17.120 17.080 34.200
Medal

Rank Name Country
76
Practical
(max 40)
Theoretical
(max 60)
Total
(max 100)
239 Minahil Sana Qasim Pakistan 13.884 20.228 34.112
240
Arnaldo Enmanuel Marin
Suárez
Venezuela 15.059 18.476 33.535
241 Michael Matalliotakis Greece 8.598 24.391 32.989
242 Alexandre Faia Carvalho Portugal 19.630 12.816 32.446
243 Andreas Sofokli Cyprus 10.084 21.105 31.189
244 Norberto Andres Canepa Uruguay 13.869 16.185 30.054
245
Carlos Javier Berrio
Barrera
Venezuela 14.633 14.518 29.151
246
Erwin Wilfredo Mora
Flores
Venezuela 13.198 15.801 28.999
247 Georgios Papadimitriou Greece 11.878 17.111 28.989
248 Mohammad Shubat Syria 19.962 8.382 28.344
249 Jasmine De Becker Belgium 13.838 14.221 28.059
250 Agil Safaralizade Azerbaijan 5.720 22.150 27.870
251 Melissa Bariani Uruguay 12.638 14.959 27.597
252 Florence Thiry Belgium 14.404 13.146 27.550
253 Pîrău Tudor Moldova 8.024 19.433 27.457
254 Saltanat Mambetova Kyrgyzstan 11.268 14.719 25.987
255 Sagynbek Dadybaev Kyrgyzstan 6.764 18.642 25.406
256 Hessah Alquraishi Kuwait 15.570 9.612 25.182
257 Alejandro Rodriguez Uruguay 8.658 15.200 23.858
258
Anthony John Salcedo
Meza
Peru 7.419 14.847 22.266
259 Mohammad
Alabdulrazzaq
Kuwait 12.529 9.033 21.562
260 Begmyrat Cholukov Turkmenistan 4.591 14.162 18.753
261 Davit Arzumanyan Armenia 4.193 12.372 16.565
262 Kalysbek Abykeshov Kyrgyzstan 1.950 12.798 14.748
263 Shahad Albaloul Kuwait 8.368 6.330 14.698
264 Mariam Aldarweesh Kuwait 5.114 6.304 11.418
265 Rouaa Al Nan Syria 4.947 1.712 6.659
266 Ali Issa Syria 0.000 5.850 5.850
267 Ali Mourtada Syria 3.520 1.221 4.741
Medal

Statistical Analysis of the Problems
77

Minutes of the International Jury
Monday 19 th – Tuesday 28 th July 2010
(Recorded by Duckhwan Lee)
1. 1 st International Jury Meeting(20:00-01:30 20 th July at the Auditorium of OVTA)
- The Business section was chaired by Duckhwan Lee.
1) A brief summary of the Cambridge IChO was presented.
2) Liechtenstein, Serbia and Nigeria were introduced.
3) The members of the SC were introduced:
- Elected members: Vadim Eremin(Russia), Wolfang Hampe(Germany), Gabor
Magyarfalvi(Hungary, not present for personal reason), John Kiappes(USA), Mark
Ellison(Australia), Duckhwan Lee(Korea)
- Organizers: Peter Wothers (UK, 2009), Tadashi Watanabe [Ito Masato] (Japan, 2010), Jale
Hacaloglu(Turkey, 2011), G. Bryan Balazs(USA, 2012)
- Coopted members: Carlos Castro-Acuna(Mexico), Manfred Kerschbaumer(Austria), Anton
Sirota (Slovakia)
* The underlined members are up for re-election at the closing of the 42st IChO
4) The schedule for the SC meetings was announced.
5) The discussions on the practical tasks were chaired by Professor Sugahara.
2. The SC Meeting (13:00-14:30 Tuesday 21st July at Rm 3019 of OVTA)
- Future hosts
� Finalized: Turkey(2011), USA(2012), Vietnam(2014)
� To be finalized at the December meeting: Russia(2013)
- Observing countries:
� Liechtenstein: will participate with students in 2011
� Nigeria: will have to observe IChO-2011 [§ 2(3)… Incoming countries must send observers to
two consecutive Olympiads before its pupils can participate in IChO (see also § 3, section 5).]
- Request of Uzbekistan for appointing Vadim as their observer
� Voted not to accept the request since it would be a direct violation of the Regulation.
� A letter will be sent to the Government of Uzbekistan.
- Election Procedure
� The position of Gabor will be replaced by a new member with two-year term.
� The election procedure for Europe(3 positions) and Americas(1 position) will be announced at
the beginning of the 2 nd International Jury Meeting.
� A form for the listing of candidates will be posted in front of the dining room until 20:00 on
Friday.
� Each candidate will have a minute to announce his/her candidacy at the 3 rd International Jury.
85

� Each head mentor will write on the prepared ballot the names of that country’s selected
candidates, but no more than the number of open positions.
- Miscellaneous
� A printed version of the proposals for revision of the Regulation will be distributed before the
3 rd International Jury Meeting.
� The co-opted member should not be selected solely on the basis of his/her native languages.
� We may need some sort of guidelines in order to resolve issues with registration rates arising
from the constantly changing exchange rates.
3. 2 nd International Jury Meeting (20:00-00:30 Sunday 22 nd July at the Auditorium of OVTA)
- The election procedures were announced.
- The revision procedures were announced and the printed copy of the proposals for revision were
distributed to the head mentors.
4. 3 rd International Jury Meeting (20:00-21:30 Sunday 25 th July at the Auditorium of OVTA)
The business session was chaired by Duckhwan Lee.
1) Announcement of the arbitration schedule.
2) Future hosts:
� The recommendation for Vietnam as the host of IChO-2014 was approved unanimously.
� O. Yavuz Ataman and Bryan Balazs introduced the plans for IChO-2011 and 2012.
� Vadim explained the Russian plan for presenting the official document for the December SC.
� Spain (Juan Antonio) is working for the IChO-2015.
3) Election of SC members
� Sasha Gladilin(Russia), Peter Wothers(UK), Wolfgang Hampe(Germany), and John
Kiappes(USA) were elected for Europe and Americas through secret vote.
4) Revision of the IChO regulations
� The proposal prepared by the December SC meeting was distributed through the Prep. Problems
as well as the hand-outs at the beginning of the Tokyo Olympiad.
� The Proposal A and C were approved without discussion by qualified majority of 59 votes out
of 68.
� The Proposal B was approved as presented by qualified majority of 59 votes out of 68.
5) The elected members and the hosts (Japan, Turkey, USA) re-elected Duckhwan Lee(Korea) as the
Chair. The Co-opted member will be decided before the 4 th Jury with the recommendation of the
Turkey host.
86

5. 4 th International Jury Meeting (20:00-21:00 Monday 26 th July at the Auditorium of OVTA)
The business session was chaired by Duckhwan Lee.
1) Steering Committee (August 2010 – July 2011).
- elected members:
Wolfang Hampe(Germany, 2008, Hampe@t-online.de)
Peter Wothers (UK, 2010, pdw12@cam.ac.uk)
Sasha Gladilin(Russia, 2010, alexander.gladilin@simeon.ru)
John Kiappes(USA, 2008, jlkiappes@gmail.com)
Mark Ellison(Australia, 2007, Mark.Ellison@anu.edu.au)
Duckhwan Lee(Korea, 2007, duckhwan@sogang.ac.kr, Chair)
- Organizers:
Tadashi Watanabe (Japan, 2010, watanabe@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp)
Jale Hacaloglu(Turkey, 2011, jale@metu.edu.tr)
G. Bryan Balazs (USA, 2012, balazs1@llnl.gov)
Representative of IChO-2014(Vietnam)
- Coopted members:
Manfred Kerschbaumer(Austria, mkersch@gmx.net)
Carlos Castro-Acuna(Mexico, castroacuna02@yahoo.com)
Olivier Plaidy(France, oplaidy@gmail.com)
2) IUPAC Travel Fund
Country Participation Fee Travel Expenses Total
2010
Venezuela $ 1800 $ 1800
Croatia $ 2000 $ 2000
Tajikistan $ 700 $ 2400 $ 3100
Argentina $ 2853 $ 2853
2009
Uruguay $ 1100 $ 1800 $ 2900
Peru $ 600 $ 600
Cuba $ 1700 $ 1300 $ 3000
2008
Cuba $ 1600 $ 1200 $ 2800
Kyrgystan $ 900 $ 900 $ 1740
Peru $ 500 $ 500
Tajikistan $ 1150 $ 1150
Uruguay $ 1000 $ 1000 $ 2900
Venezuela $ 900 $ 900
� It was explained that the support for travel expenses should not be more than the actual fares for
travel for which clear receipts such as air fare tickets should be submitted to the Organizer.
87

� The support should be used for paying the participation fee and/or the actual travel expenses for
one extra student or mentor, never for observer or guest.
� The request for support must be submitted to the Ankara Organizer no later than the end of
November.
� The contact information for the IUPAC will be delivered to Jale from Ito.
3) Miscellaneous
� A list of participants with e-mail addresses would be helpful. (Sasha)
� We need a clear guideline for the number of significant figures in theoretical tasks. (Wolfgang)
� There was an appeal by the Nigerian observer that they had experienced difficulties in
observing last two year even though they have had National Olympiad in Nigeria, and that they
really want to participate with their students. (Sunday Adedeji, the observer of Nigeria)
4) Report of Arbitration and Medal Allocation
� Postponed to Jul 27 due to the mix-ups in the marking of the final results.
� The Science Committee was informed that they have to stick to the markings that the HM
signed.
� Plan for July 27
7:00 Breakfast
7:45 Distribution of the Markings
8:00 5 th Jury Meeting for the Report and Medal Allocation
6. 5 th International Jury Meeting (8:00-9:00 Tuesday 27 th July at the Auditorium of OVTA)
1) Report on Arbitration (Professor Onaka)
� The double penalty cases have been taken care of after the arbitration for 9.4% of the students.
2) Medal Allocation (Professor Sugahara)
� The total number of students was 267.
� 32 (11.6%) for Gold, 58(21.0%) for Silver, 86(31.2%) for Bronze, 9 for Honorable Mention
3) On request by Peter, a letter, signed by all members of SC, explaining the need for the second year
of observation by the Regulation, was delivered to the Nigeria Observer before they can send
students to participate in the Olympiad..
88

Regulations of the International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO)
General Statement
§ 1 Aims of the competition
The International Chemistry Olympiad (IChO) is a chemistry competition for students at
secondary school level with the aim of promoting international contacts in chemistry. It is
intended to stimulate the activities of students interested in chemistry by way of the
independent and creative solution of chemical problems. The IChO competitions help to
facilitate cordial relations between young adults of different nationalities; they encourage
cooperation and international understanding.
Organization of the IChO
§ 2 Organization and invitation
(1) The IChO is organized every year, as a rule at the beginning of July, in one of the
participating countries by the Education Ministry or an appropriate institution of the
organizing country (hereafter referred to as the organizer).
(2) Unless directed otherwise by the International Jury, the organizer is obliged to invite all
countries that participated in the preceding IChO competition. The official invitation to
participate in the forthcoming IChO should be sent to countries by the November
preceding the competition. The countries invited must confirm their participation in the
IChO according to requirements of the organizer.
(3) Countries that wish to take part in the IChO must apply to the organizer by the end of
November preceding the Olympiad. The organizer has the right to invite the countries
only with the agreement of the organizers of the two subsequent IChO competitions.
Invited countries must send an observer to two consecutive Olympiads before its
pupils can participate in the IChO.
§ 3 Delegations
(1) Each participating country's delegation consists of competitors and accompanying
persons (also known as mentors). It is expected that there are four competitors and
two mentors in the delegation. Furthermore, the countries may include two scientific
observers as part of their delegation.
(2) The competitors must not be university students. They can only be students of
secondary schools that are not specialized in chemistry and, if they have already
graduated before the 1 st of May of the year of the competition, the organizer must be
informed as to the month and year of their graduation. Moreover, they must be under
the 20 years of age on the 1 st of July of the year of the competition.
The competitors must be passport holders of the country they represent or have taken
part in the secondary school educational system of this country for more than one
academic year.
All members of a delegation must provide themselves with medical insurance for the
journey to and from the organizing country and for the period of their stay in the
organizing country.
(3) The mentors act as members of the International Jury (see § 6). One of the mentors is
designated as the head of delegation (head mentor).
89

(4) The mentors:
a) must guarantee the fulfillment of those conditions specified in section 2 of this
paragraph,
b) must be capable of translating the text of the competition tasks from English into
the language used by their students and be able to judge the set of tasks and
correct the work of the students.
c) have the right to enter a protest which should be addressed to the Chair of the
International Jury or the Steering Committee and, when necessary, ask for a
resolution of the problem at the next meeting of the International Jury.
§ 4 Obligations of the Organizer
(1) The organizer provides:
a) the itinerary of the IChO,
b) transportation from/to an airport/station (which is designated by the host country)
on the day of arrival and departure,
c) that the organization of the competition will adhere to the regulations,
d) accident insurance for all participants in connection with the itinerary,
e) the opportunity for the mentors to inspect the working room and practical apparatus
to be used for the practical tasks before the competition takes place,
f) all necessary arrangements for the observance of safety regulations,
g) the medals, certificates and prizes, which are presented at the official closing
ceremony,
h) a report on the competition to be distributed not later than six months after the
competition.
(2) A meeting of the Steering Committee must be hosted in the organizing country in the
December prior to the IChO. The organizing country will provide some travel
assistance.
§ 5 Financing
(1) The participating country covers the return travel costs of the students and the
accompanying persons to the designated airport/station or to the location where the
competition is held.
(2) Participating countries must pay a participation fee, the amount of which must be
approved by the International Jury.
(3) All other costs incurred in connection with the organized program, including the costs
of accommodation for all competitors and members of the International Jury, are
covered by the organizer.
(4) The organizers of the next two consecutive Olympiads may send two observers to the
current IChO with their expenses covered by the host as mentioned in § 5, section 3.
Institutions of the IChO
§ 6 International Jury
(1) The International Jury consists of its chair and members. The chair of the International
Jury is nominated by the organizer. The members of the International Jury are the two
mentors from the individual delegations and the chair of the Steering Committee (see §
8).
90

(2) The chair of the International Jury or his/her delegate calls and chairs the meetings of
the International Jury concerning the current competition, while the business sessions
concerning general problems of the IChO are chaired by the SC chair.
(3) Resolutions of common International Jury sessions or its split sessions are passed by
the International Jury when they are agreed by a simple majority of votes in the
presence of at least 75% of the delegations. Each participating country has one vote.
Changes in the regulations can only be made at the common sessions of the
International Jury and require a qualified majority of two thirds of the votes. The chair
has a casting vote in the event of a tie. The decisions of the International Jury are
binding for both organizer and participants.
(4) The working language of the International Jury is English.
§ 7 Responsibilities of the International Jury
(1) The International Jury:
a) is in charge of the actual competition and its supervision according to the
regulations,
b) discusses in advance the competition tasks presented by the organizer, their
solutions and the marking guidelines, gives comments and takes decisions in case
of changes,
c) supervises the marking of the examination papers and guarantees that all
participants are judged by equal criteria,
d) determines the winners and decides on prizes for the competitors,
e) monitors the competition and suggests changes to the regulations, organization
and contents for future IChOs,
f) makes decisions on the exclusion of a participant or an entire team from the
competition (see also § 11, section 7),
g) elects members of the Steering Committee of the IChO,
h) may form working groups to solve specific chemistry related problems of the IChO.
(2) The members of the International Jury:
a) are obliged to maintain a professional discretion about any relevant information
they receive during the IChO and must not assist any participants,
b) keep the marking and results secret until announced by the International Jury.
§ 8 Steering Committee
(1) The long term work involved in organizing the International Chemistry Olympiads is
coordinated by the Steering Committee.
(2) Members of the Committee are elected by the International Jury by a secret ballot to
serve a two year term. There must be at least one person from each of the following
regions: the Americas, Asia and Europe. Other three members can come from any
region. The term of the elected committee begins on the 1 st day after the IChO.
Members are elected for no more than two consecutive terms.
(3) There are the following ex-officio members of the Steering Committee:
a) a representative of the current IChO,
b) a representative of the immediately preceding IChO,
c) representatives of the subsequent two IChOs,
d) the immediate past chair of the SC (for one year only)
(4) The incoming Steering Committee elects its own Chair from among its elected
members at a meeting held before the committee’s term begins.
91

The Chair:
a) calls and chairs the meetings of the Steering Committee,
b) calls and chairs the business meetings of the International Jury dealing with
general problems of future International Chemistry Olympiads,
c) may invite non-voting guests to the meetings of the Steering Committee after
consultation with the host of the meeting,
d) has the right to call extraordinary meetings of the International Jury when
necessary.
(5) The Steering Committee:
a) provides organizational oversight for the International Chemistry Olympiad,
b) proposes items for consideration at the International Jury sessions.
c) may co-opt 1–3 non-voting members for their particular expertise for periods of one
year.
d) may invite representatives of confirmed future IChOs.
(6) The Steering Committee is not empowered to make any decisions affecting the
International Chemistry Olympiad that would interfere with the duties and
responsibilities of the International Jury (see § 6 and 7).
§ 9 International Information Center
There is an International Information Center of the International Chemistry Olympiads
gathering and providing (when necessary) all the documentation of the IChOs from the
beginning of the Olympiad to the present. The seat of the Office is in Bratislava, Slovakia.
Competition
§ 10 Preparation for the IChO competition
(1) The organizer distributes a set of preparatory tasks written in English to all participating
countries in January of the competition year. The preparatory tasks are intended to
give students a good idea of the type and difficulty of the competition tasks, including
safety aspects (see §12 and Appendix “B”). SI units should be used throughout the
preparatory tasks.
(2) The total number of theoretical and experimental tasks in the set of preparatory
problems cannot be lower than 25 and 5, respectively.
(3) Appendix C of the regulations contains a list of concepts and skills expected to be
mastered by the participants. Organizers may freely include questions and tasks in the
theoretical or experimental competition based on the knowledge listed there.
The organizer can include problems in the exams based on the use of concepts and
skills from not more than 6 theoretical and 2 practical fields outside this list, if a
minimum of 2 tasks from each field is included and the necessary skills demonstrated
in the set of preparatory problems. Examples of such external fields are listed in
Appendix C. Fields not already listed should have a breadth similar to the examples.
These 6 theoretical and 2 practical fields must be stated explicitly at the beginning of
the Preparatory problems. If an equation not covered by the listed fields is required for
the solution of the exam questions, then this should be defined in the exam text.
(4) Appendix D contains an outline of the factual knowledge supposedly familiar to the
competitors. If specific facts, not included in Appendix D, are required for the solution
of the exam questions, then these should be included in the exam text or in the
preparatory problems and their solutions.
92

(5) Training or any other special instruction, that is carried out for a selected group of 50 or
fewer students, containing the IChO team, must be no longer than two weeks.
§ 11 Organization of the IChO Competition
(1) The competition consists of two parts:
a) part one, the practical (experimental) competition,
b) part two, the theoretical competition.
(2) A working time of four to five hours is allotted for each part. There is at least one day of
rest between the two parts.
(3) Competitors receive all relevant information in the language of their choice.
(4) There must be no contact between mentors and competitors once the mentors have
received the competition tasks for consideration. Information regarding the competition
tasks must not be passed to the competitors directly or indirectly prior or during the
competition.
(5) When pocket calculators are not provided by the organizer, only non-programmable
pocket calculators may be used in the competition.
(6) The safety regulations announced by the organizer are binding for all participants.
(7) Breaking of any of the rules given in the preceding paragraphs (§ 3. section 2, § 10
section 5, § 11 sections 4, 5, and 6) has as its consequence exclusion from the whole
or a part of the competition.
§ 12 Safety
(1) During the experimental part, the competitors must wear laboratory coats and eye
protection. The competitors are expected to bring their own laboratory coats. Other
means of protection for laboratory work are provided by the organizer.
(2) When handling liquids, each student must be provided with a pipette ball or filler.
Pipetting by mouth is strictly forbidden.
(3) The use of very toxic substances (designation T+) is strictly forbidden. The use of toxic
substances (designation T) is not recommended, but may be allowed if special
precautions are taken. Substances belonging to the categories R 45, R 46, R 47 must
not be used under any circumstances (see Appendix B for definitions of these
categories).
(4) Detailed recommendations involving students´ safety and the handling and disposal of
chemicals can be found in Appendices A 1, A 2, and B. These appendices are based
on the directives of the European Communities and are updated automatically with
these directives.
a) Appendix A 1: Safety Rules for Students in the laboratory.
b) Appendix A 2: Safety Rules and Recommendations for the Host Country of the
IChO.
c) Appendix B contains:
B 1: Hazard Warning Symbols and Hazard Designations;
B 2: R-Ratings and S-Provisions: Nature of special risks (R) and safety advice (S);
B 3: Explanation of Danger Symbols (for use of chemicals in schools);
93

§ 13 Competition Tasks
(1) The organizer is responsible for the preparation of competition tasks by competent
experts/authors, who constitute the Scientific Board of the IChO. They propose the
methods of solution and the marking scheme.
(2) The tasks, their solutions and the marking schemes are submitted to the International
Jury for consideration and approval. The authors of the tasks should be present during
the discussion.
(3) The Chair of the International Jury may put the Chair of the Scientific Board in charge
of the proceedings when the tasks are considered.
(4) The total length of the theoretical or experimental tasks, including answer sheets,
should be kept to a minimum and not exceed 25,000 characters. The number of
characters must be stated at the end of each exam paper. SI units should be used
throughout the competition tasks.
(5) In the experimental part of the competition the following conditions must be fulfilled:
a) The experimental part must contain at least two independent tasks.
b) The marking cannot require subjective interpretation by the staff.
c) Competitors must receive the same substances when solving the tasks from
qualitative analytical chemistry.
d) When solving tasks from quantitative analytical chemistry competitors must receive
the same substances but with different concentrations.
e) In evaluating the quantitative tasks the master values must not be based on an
average of the results of the competitors.
f) The great majority of the grade in quantitative tasks must be given to the mean
value as reported by the competitors while some marks may also be given to the
corresponding equations, calculations, or explanations directly related to the work.
Points must not be awarded for reproducibility.
§ 14 Correcting and Marking
(1) A maximum of 60 points is allocated to the theoretical tasks and 40 points to the
practical tasks, making a total of 100 points.
(2) The competition tasks are corrected independently by the authors and by the mentors.
Consequential marking should be used so that students are not punished twice for the
same error. Both corrections are then compared; however, the authors present their
evaluation first. After a discussion the final score for each participant is reached and
agreed by both sides. The organizer retains the original marked manuscripts.
(3) The International Jury discusses the results and decides on the final scores.
(4) In order to eliminate any doubts about possible mistakes in the processing of the
results the organizer must provide the mentors with a list of their students’ total results
before the closing award ceremony.
§ 15 Results and Prizes
(1) Official results of the competition and the number of medals awarded are decided by
the International Jury.
(2) The number of gold medals awarded is in the range of 8% to 12%, silver 18% to 22%,
and bronze medals 28% to 32% of the total number of competitors. The exact number
of medals is decided on the basis of an blind review of the results.
94

(3) Each medalist must receive the medal and a corresponding certificate from the
organizer.
(4) In addition to the medals other prizes may be awarded.
(5) An honorable mention is awarded to competitors who are among the best 10% of non
medalists.
(6) Each competitor receives a certificate of participation.
(7) In the awarding ceremony, the non-medalists are called alphabetically.
(8) Team classification is not made.
(9) The organizer must provide a complete list of results as a part of the final report.
§ 16 Final Regulations
(1) Those who take part in the competition acknowledge these regulations through their
participation.
(2) This version of regulations has been approved by the International Jury in Tokyo
(Japan) in July 2010, and is issued to replace the former regulations approved in
Budapest (Hungary) in July 2008.
(3) The regulations are valid from the 1 st of September, 2010. Changes to the regulations
can be made only by the International Jury and require a qualified majority (two third of
the votes with regard to total number of participating countries).
95

APPENDIX A
A 1: SAFETY RULES FOR STUDENTS IN THE LABORATORY
All students of chemistry must recognize that hazardous materials cannot be completely
avoided. Chemists must learn to handle all materials in an appropriate fashion. While it is
not expected that all students participating in the International Chemistry Olympiad know
the hazards of every chemical, the organizers of the competition will assume that all
participating students know the basic safety procedures. For example, the organizers will
assume that students know that eating, drinking or smoking in the laboratory or tasting a
chemical is strictly forbidden.
In addition to the common-sense safety considerations to which students should have
been previously exposed, some specific rules, listed below, must also be followed during
the Olympiad. If any question arises concerning safety procedures during the practical
exam, the student should not hesitate to ask the nearest supervisor for direction.
Rules regarding personal protection
1. Eye protection must be worn in the laboratories at all times. If the student wears
contact lenses, full protection goggles must also be worn. Eye protection will be
provided by the host country.
2. A laboratory coat is required. Each student will supply this item for himself/herself.
3. Long pants and closed-toed shoes are recommended for individual safety. Long hair
and loose clothing should be confined.
4. Pipetting by mouth is strictly forbidden. Each student must be provided with a pipette
bulb or pipette filler.
Rules for Handling Materials
1. Specific instructions for handling hazardous materials will be included by the host
country in the procedures of the practical exam. All potentially dangerous materials will
be labeled using the international symbols below. Each student is responsible for
recognizing these symbols and knowing their meaning (see Appendix B 1, B 2 and B
3).
2. Do not indiscriminately dispose chemicals in the sink. Follow all disposal rules
provided by the host country.
A 2: SAFETY RULES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE HOST
COUNTRY OF THE INTERNATIONAL CHEMISTRY OLYMPIAD
Certainly it can be assumed that all students participating in the IChO have at least modest
experience with safety laboratory procedures. However, it is the responsibility of the
International Jury and the organizing country to be sure that the welfare of the students is
carefully considered. Reference to the Safety Rules for Students in the Laboratory will
show that the students carry some of the burden for their own safety. Other safety matters
will vary from year to year, depending on practical tasks. The organizers of these tasks for
the host country are therefore assigned responsibility in the areas listed below. The
organizers are advised to carefully test the practical tasks in advance to ensure the safety
of the experiments. This can best be accomplished by having students of ability similar to
that of IChO participants carry out the testing.
96

Rules for the Host Country (see also A 1):
1. Emergency first-aid treatment should be available during the practical examination.
2. Students must be informed about the proper methods of handling hazardous materials.
a) Specific techniques for handling each hazardous substance should be included in
the written instructions of the practical examination.
b) All bottles (containers) containing hazardous substances must be appropriately
labeled using internationally recognized symbols (see Appendix B 1).
3. Chemical disposal instructions should be provided to the students within the written
instructions of the practical examination. Waste collection containers should be used
for the chemicals considered hazardous to the environment.
4. The practical tasks should be designed for appropriate (in other words, minimum)
quantities of materials.
5. The laboratory facilities should be chosen with the following in mind:
a) Each student should not only have adequate space in which to work, but should be
in safe distance from other students.
b) There should be adequate ventilation in the rooms and a sufficient number of
hoods when needed.
c) There should be more than one emergency exit for each room.
d) Fire extinguishers should be near by.
e) Electrical equipment should be situated in an appropriate spot and be of a safe
nature.
f) There should be appropriate equipment available for clean-up of spills.
6. It is recommended that one supervisor be available for every four students in the
laboratory to adequately ensure safe conditions.
7. The organizers should follow international guidelines for the use of toxic, hazardous or
carcinogenic substances in the IChO.
97

APPENDIX B
B 1: HAZARD WARNING SYMBOLS AND HAZARD DESIGNATIONS AND
THEIR EXPLANATION (Applied for Chemicals in Schools)
1. Explosive substances (E)
These are substances which can be caused to explode by exposure to a flame or which
are more sensitive to impact of friction than 1,3-dinitrobenzene (e.g. picrates, organic
peroxides). In particular they include substances with R ratings R1 - R3 (see B 2),
designation E.
When using and storing these substances, the S provisions (S15 - S17) must be observed
(see B 2).
2. Fire inducing substances, Oxidizing (O)
These are substances which can have a strong exothermic reaction on coming into
contact with other, particularly flammable substances or organic peroxides. They include in
particular substances R 7 to R 9, designation O.
3. Highly flammable, easily flammable and flammable substances (F+, F)
In liquid form, highly flammable substances have an ignition point below 0 °C and a boiling
point of 35 °C maximum. They are to be designated by the danger symbol F+ and the
rating R 12.
Substances are easily flammable if they:
a) can heat up and ignite at normal air temperature without energy supply,
b) are easily ignited in solid state by short exposure to a source of flammation and
continue to burn or glow after removal of the latter,
c) ignite below 21 °C in liquid state,
d) ignite in gaseous state if mixed with air at 101.3 kPa and 20 °C,
e) develop easily flammable gases in dangerous quantities when in contact with water
or damp air,
f) ignite if brought into contact with air when in dustlike state.
These substances are to be designated with the danger symbol F and the rating R 11.
Flammable substances have in liquid form an ignition point of 21 °C to 55 °C and are to
designated with the rating R 10, no danger symbol.
When dealing with highly flammable, easily flammable and flammable liquids may only be
heated using sealed electrical heating equipment which is not in itself a source of
flammation. All substances must be heated in such a way that the dangerous vapours
liberated by heating cannot escape into the atmosphere. This does not apply to fire
hazardous substances in small quantities for fire demonstrations.
The regulations laid down by the state fire authorities must be observed.
4. Toxic substances (T +, T, Xn )
Legislation applying to chemicals distinguishes three categories of toxicants:
highly toxic substances (R 26 R 28), danger symbol T+,
toxic substances (R 23 R 25), danger symbol T,
less toxic substances (R 20 R 22), danger symbol Xn.
98

Highly toxic substances are those which can cause grave acute or chronic health damage
or death almost immediately if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through the skin in small
amounts.
Toxic substances are those which can cause considerable acute or chronic health damage
or death if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through the skin in small amounts.
Less toxic substances (noxious substances) are those which can cause restricted health
damage if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through the skin.
If highly toxic or toxic substances are produced in the course of an experiment (e.g.
chlorine, hydrogen sulfide), these may only be produced in the quantities necessary for the
experiment. in the case of volatile substances, the experiment must be conducted under a
hood where the gas can be drawn off. Residue must be appropriately disposed of after the
experiment and may on no account be stored. If the facilities for disposal are not available,
the experiment may not be conducted.
Less toxic substances and preparations may be obtained without a permit. Less toxic
substances are also those which contain a highly toxic or toxic substance at a level of
concentration below that determined by law as the maximum for classification as noxious.
Chlorine water, bromine water and hydrogen sulfide solution in a concentration of up to 1%
may therefore be used in instruction.
5. Corrosives and irritants (C, X i )
Caustic or corrosive substances (R 34, R 35), designation C, are those which can destroy
living materials by their action upon it. Substances are classed as irritants (R 36 R 38),
designation Xi, if they cause inflammation without being corrosive on direct, prolonged
or repeated contact with the skin or mucous membranes. The relevant safety
recommendations (S 22 S 28) should be observed.
6. Carcinogenic, genotype or embryo damaging, chronically harmful
substances
Substances may not be used for instruction if they have a proven carcinogenic effect (R
45), if they cause hereditary damage (R 46) or embryo damage (R 47), or if they are
chronically damaging (R 48), particularly those substances classed as unmistakably
carcinogenic. Such substances must be removed from all school stocks. Storage is not
permitted under any circumstances.
Further, substances for which there is a well founded suspicion of carcinogenic potential
(R 40) may only be used if corresponding safety precautions are taken and only in such
cases where they cannot be replaced by less dangerous chemicals.
B 2: R RATINGS AND S PROVISIONS
Nature of special risks (R)
R 1 Explosive when dry.
R 2 Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
R 3 Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
R 4 Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds.
R 5 Heating may cause an explosion.
R 6 Explosive with or without contact with air.
R 7 May cause fire.
R 8 Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
R 9 Explosive when mixed with combustible material.
99

R 10 Flammable.
R 11 Highly flammable.
R 12 Extremely flammable.
R 13 Extremely flammable liquefied gas.
R 14 Reacts violently with water.
R 15 Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases.
R 16 Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances.
R 17 Spontaneously flammable in air.
R 18 In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour air mixture.
R 19 May form explosive peroxides.
R 20 Harmful by inhalation.
R 21 Harmful in contact with skin.
R 22 Harmful if swallowed.
R 23 Toxic by inhalation.
R 24 Toxic in contact with skin.
R 25 Toxic if swallowed.
R 26 Very toxic by inhalation.
R 27 Very toxic in contact with skin.
R 28 Very toxic if swallowed.
R 29 Contact with water liberates toxic gas.
R 30 Can become highly flammable in use.
R 31 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas.
R 32 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas.
R 33 Danger of cumulative effects.
R 34 Causes burns.
R 35 Causes severe burns.
R 36 Irritating to eyes.
R 37 Irritating to respiratory system.
R 38 Irritating to skin.
R 39 Danger of very serious irreversible effects.
R 40 Possible risks of irreversible effects.
R 41 Danger of serious eye damage.
R 42 May cause sensitization by inhalation.
R 43 May cause sensitization by skin contact.
R 44 Risk of explosion if heated by occlusion.
R 45 May cause cancer.
R 46 May cause hereditary damage.
R 47 May cause embryo damage.
R 48 Danger of chronic damage.
Safety advice (S)
S 1 Keep locked up.
S 2 Keep out of reach of children.
S 3 Keep in a cool place.
S 4 Keep away from living quarters.
S 5 Keep contents under .... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer).
S 6 Keep under .... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer).
S 7 Keep container tightly closed.
S 8 Keep container dry.
100

S 9 Keep container in a well ventilated place.
S 10 Keep contents wet.
S 11 Avoid contact with air.
S 12 Do not keep the container sealed.
S 13 Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs.
S 14 Keep away from .... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer).
S 15 Keep away from heat.
S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition No smoking.
S 17 Keep away from combustible materials.
S 18 Handle and open container with care.
S 20 When using do not eat or drink.
S 21 When using do not smoke.
S 22 Do not inhale dust.
S 23 Do not inhale gas/fumes/vapour/spray.
S 24 Avoid contact with skin.
S 25 Avoid contact with eyes.
S 26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
S 27 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
S 28 After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of .... (to be specified by the
manufacturer).
S 29 Do not empty into drains.
S 30 Never add water to this product.
S 31 Keep away from explosive materials.
S 33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges.
S 34 Avoid shock and friction.
S 35 This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way.
S 36 Wear suitable protective clothing.
S 37 Wear suitable gloves.
S 38 In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment.
S 39 Wear eye/face protection.
S 40 To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use .... (to be
specified by the manufacturer).
S 41 In case of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes.
S 42 During fumigation/spraying wear suitable respiratory equipment.
S 43 In case of fire, use .... (indicate in space the precise type of fire fighting equipment.
If water increases the risk, add Never use water).
S 44 If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible).
S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label a
where
101

B 3: EXPLANATION OF DANGER SYMBOLS
toxic (T) substances
and
very toxic (T+) substances
flammable (F) substances
and
extremely flammable (F+) substances
explosive (E) substances
corrosive (C) substances
102
oxidizing (O) substances
environmentally
dangerous (N) substances
irritating (Xi) substances
and
harmful (Xn) substances

Appendix C
Concepts and skills expected to be known by all participants:
(predominantly equivalent to former number 1 and 2 topics)
Concepts
Awareness of experimental errors, use of significant figures;
Maths skills commonly encountered at secondary school level, including solving quadratic
equations, use of logarithms and exponentials, solving simultaneous equations with 2
unknowns, the meaning of sine and cosine, elementary geometry such as Pythagoras’
theorem, plotting graphs
(more advanced maths skills such as differentiation and integration, if required must be
included as one of the advanced topics)
Nucleons, isotopes, radioactive decay and nuclear reactions (alpha, beta, gamma);
Quantum numbers (n,l,m) and orbitals (s,p,d) in hydrogen-like atoms;
Hund’s rule, Pauli exclusion principle;
Electronic configuration of main group and the first row transition metal atoms and their
ions;
Periodic table and trends (electronegativity, electron affinity, ionization energy, atomic and
ionic size, melting points, metallic character, reactivity);
Bond types (covalent, ionic, metallic), intermolecular forces and relation to properties;
Molecular structures and simple VSEPR theory (up to 4 electron pairs);
Balancing equations, empirical formulae, mole concept and Avogadro constant,
stoichiometric calculations, density, calculations with different concentration units;
Chemical equilibrium, Le Chatelier’s principle, equilibrium constants in terms of
concentrations, pressures and mole fractions;
Arrhenius and Bronsted acid-base theory, pH, self ionization of water, equilibrium
constants of acid-base reactions, pH of weak acid solutions, pH of very dilute solutions
and simple buffer solutions, hydrolysis of salts;
Solubility constants and solubility;
Complexation reactions, definition of coordination number, complex formation constants;
Basics of electrochemistry: Electromotive force, Nernst equation; Electrolysis, Faraday’s
laws;
Rate of chemical reactions, elementary reactions, factors affecting the reaction rate, rate
law for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions, rate constant, reaction order, reaction
energy profile, activation energy, catalysis, influence of a catalyst on thermodynamic and
kinetic characteristics of a reaction;
Energy, heat and work, enthalpy and energy, heat capacity, Hess’ law, standard formation
enthalpies, solution, solvation and bond enthalpies;
Definition and concept of entropy and Gibbs’ energy, second law of thermodynamics,
direction of spontaneous change;
103

Ideal gas law, partial pressures;
Principles of direct and indirect titration (back titration);
Acidi- and alkalimetry, acidimetric titration curves, choice and color of indicators for
acidimetry;
Redox titrations (permanganometric and iodometric);
Simple complexometric and precipitation titrations;
Basic principles of inorganic qualitative analysis for ions specified in factual knowledge,
flame tests;
Lambert-Beer law;
Organic structure-reactivity relations (polarity, electrophilicity, nucleophilicity, inductive
effects, relative stability)
Structure-property relations (boiling point, acidity, basicity);
Simple organic nomenclature;
Hybridization and geometry at carbon centers;
Sigma and pi bonds, delocalization, aromaticity, mesomeric structures;
Isomerism (constitutional, configuration, conformation, tautomerism)
Stereochemistry (E-Z, cis-trans isomers, chirality, optical activity, Cahn-Ingold-Prelog
system, Fisher projections);
Hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, micelle formation;
Polymers and monomers, chain polymerizations, polyaddition and polycondensation;
Laboratory skills
Heating in the laboratory, heating under reflux;
Mass and volume measurement (with electronic balance, measuring cylinder, pipette and
burette, volumetric flask);
Preparation and dilution of solutions and standard solutions;
Operation of a magnetic stirrer;
Carrying out of test tube reactions;
Qualitative testing for organic functional groups (using a given procedure);
Volumetric determination, titrations, use of a pipette bulb;
Measurement of pH (by pH paper or calibrated pH meter);
Examples of concepts and skills allowed in the exam only if included
and demonstrated in the preparatory problems
6 theoretical and 2 practical topics from these or other topics of similar breadth are allowed
in a preparatory problem set. It is intended that a topic can be introduced and discussed in
a lecture of 2-3 hours before a prepared audience.
• VSEPR theory in detail (with more than 4 ligands);
• Inorganic stereochemistry, isomerism in complexes;
• Solid state structures (metals, NaCl, CsCl) and Bragg’s law;
• Relation of equilibrium constants, electromotive force and standard Gibbs energy;
104

• Integrated rate law for first order reactions, half-life, Arrhenius equation, determination
of activation energy;
• Analysis of complex reactions using steady-state and quasi-equilibrium approximations,
mechanisms of catalytic reactions, determination of reaction order and activation
energy for complex reactions;
• Collision theory
• Simple phase diagrams and the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, triple and critical points;
• Stereoselective transformations (diastereoselective, enantioselective), optical purity
• Conformational analysis, use of Newman projections, anomeric effect
• Aromatic nucleophilic substitution, electrophilic substitution on polycyclic aromatic
compounds and heterocycles
• Supramolecular chemistry
• Advanced polymers, rubbers, copolymers, thermosetting polymers. Polymerization
types, stages and kinetics of polymerization;
• Amino acid side groups, reactions and separation of amino acids, protein sequencing;
• Secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures of proteins, non-covalent interactions,
stability and denaturation, protein purification by precipitation, chromatography and
electrophoresis;
• Enzymes and classification according to reaction types, active sites, coenzymes and
cofactors, mechanism of catalysis;
• Monosaccharides, equilibrium between linear and cyclic forms, pyranoses and
furanoses, Haworth projection and conformational formulae;
• Chemistry of carbohydrates, oligo- and polysaccharides, glycosides, determination of
structure;
• Bases, nucleotides and nucleosides with formulae, Functional nucleotides, DNA and
RNA, hydrogen bonding between bases, replication, transcription and translation, DNA
based applications;
• Complex solubility calculations (with hydrolyzing anions, complex formation);
• Simple Schrödinger equations and spectroscopic calculations;
• Simple MO theory;
• Basics of mass spectrometry (molecular ions, isotope distributions);
• Interpretation of simple NMR spectra (chemical shift, multiplicity, integrals);
• Synthesis techniques: filtrations, drying of precipitates, thin layer chromatography.
• Synthesis in microscale equipment;
• Advanced inorganic qualitative analysis;
• Gravimetric analysis;
• Use of a spectrophotometer;
• Theory and practice of extraction with immiscible solvents;
• Column chromatography;
105

Appendix D
Outline of the factual knowledge supposed to be known by the
competitors:
Reactions of s-block elements with water, oxygen and halogens, their color in flame tests;
Stoichiometry, reactions and properties of binary non-metal hydrides;
Common reactions of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur oxides (CO, CO2, NO, NO2, N2O4, SO2,
SO3);
Common oxidation states of p-block elements, stoichiometry of common halides and
oxoacids (HNO2, HNO3, H2CO3, H3PO4, H3PO3, H2SO3, H2SO4, HOCl, HClO3, HClO4);
Reaction of halogens with water;
Common oxidation states of first row transition metals (Cr(III), Cr(VI), Mn(II), Mn(IV),
Mn(VII), Fe(II), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(I), Cu(II), Ag(I), Zn(II), Hg(I), and Hg(II) )and the
color of these ions;
Dissolution of these metals and Al, amphoteric hydroxides (Al(OH)3, Cr(OH)3, Zn(OH)2);
Permanganate, chromate, dichromate ions and their redox reactions;
Iodometry (reaction of thiosulfate and iodine);
Identification of Ag + , Ba 2+ , Fe 3+ , Cu 2+ , Cl – , CO3 2– , SO4 2– ;
Organic:
Common electrophiles and nucleophiles
Electrophilic addition: addition to double and triple bonds, regioselectivity (Markovnikoff’s
rule), stereochemistry
Electrophilic substitution: substitution on aromatic rings, influence of substituents on the
reactivity and regioselectivity, electrophilic species;
Elimination: E1 and E2 reactions at sp 3 carbon centers, stereochemistry, acid-base
catalysis, common leaving groups;
Nucleophilic substitution: SN1 and SN2 reactions at sp 3 carbon centers, stereochemistry;
Nucleophilic addition: addition to carbon-carbon and carbon-hetero atom double and triple
bonds, addition-elimination reactions, acid-base catalysis;
Radical substitution: reaction of halogens and alkanes;
Oxidations and reductions: switching between the different oxidation levels of common
functional groups (alkyne – alkene – alkane – alkyl halide, alcohol – aldehyde, ketone –
carboxylic acid derivatives, nitriles – carbonates)
Cyclohexane conformations;
Grignard reaction, Fehling and Tollens reaction;
Simple polymers and their preparation (polystyrene, polyethylene, polyamides,
polyesters);
Amino acids and their classification in groups, isoelectric point, peptide bond, peptides and
proteins;
Carbohydrates: open chain and cyclic form of glucose and fructose;
Lipids: general formulae of triacyl glycerides, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids;
106

List of the participated Head Mentors, Mentors,
Observers, and Guests
Country Role Name Affiliation
Argentina
HM
M
Maria Laura Uhrig
Vicente Gregorio Povse
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Universidad de Buenos Aires
Armenia
HM
M
Lida Sahakyan
Vitush Vano Sargsyan
Yerevan State Medical University
Yerevan Institute Plastpolymer
HM Tristan Andrew Reekie The Australian National University
Australia
M
O
Anne Trinh
Mark John Ellison
University of Sydney
The Australian National University
O William Cedar Jackson Australian National University
Austria
HM
M
Manfred Kerschbaumer
Liesbeth Berner
Albertus Magnus Gymnasium
retired
Azerbaijan
HM
M
Igrar Nazarov
Khammad Asadov
Institute of Petrochemical Processes
Baku State University
Belarus
HM
M
Viktar Khvalyuk
Yauheni Paulechka
The Belarusian State University
Belarusian State University
HM Hans Vanhoe University of Ghent
Belgium M Cédric Malherbe University of Liège
O Geoffroy Kaisin University of Liège
HM Sergio Maia Melo FUNCAP
Brazil M Dantas Jose Arimateia Lopes Universidade Federal do Piaui
O Rubens Conilho Junior Colegio Etapa
Bulgaria
HM
M
Donka Nikolova Tasheva
Penka Vasileva Tsanova
Sofia University “St. Kl. Ohridsky”
Sofia University “St. Kl. Ohridsky”
Canada
HM
M
Stanislaw Skonieczny
Jeffrey David Mo
University of Toronto
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
HM Lianyun Duan Peking University
China
M
O
Ping Lu
Yingxia Wang
Zhejiang University
Peking University
O Qiaohong He Zhejiang University
HM I-Jy Chang National Taiwan Normal University
M Wann-Yin Lin National Taiwan University
Chinese
Taipei
Costa Rica
O Chingfa Yao National Taiwan Normal University
O Ya-Ling Chen Taipei Municipal Jianguo High School
G Tai-Shan Fang National Taiwan Normal University
G Szu-Chi Hsieh Ministry of Education
G Tsu-Rong George Shiau College Entrance Examination Center
HM Jose Vega Universidad Nacional
M Randall Syedd - León Universidad Nacional
G Ana - Rocio Madrigal - Gutierrez Universidad Nacional
G
Maria De Los Angeles Arguedas-
Pensionada
Madrigal
G Rafael Angel Rodriguez - Campos Pensionado
107

Country Role Name Affiliation
Croatia
HM
M
Branka Zorc
Tomislav Cvitaš
University of Zagreb
University of Zagreb
Cuba HM Rolando Alfonso Valdes IPVCE Ernesto Guevara
Cyprus
HM
M
Paraskevas Panteli
Erineos Koromias
Ministry of Education
Ministry of Education
Czech
Republic
HM
M
Petr Holzhauser
Eva Muchova
Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague
Faculty of Science, Charles University
Prague
HM Kurt Bjønager Nielsen Ordrup Gymnasium
Denmark M Brian Schou Rasmussen University of Copenhagen
O Nina Lock Aarhus University
Estonia
HM
M
Uno Mäeorg
Jaak Nerut
University of Tartu
University of Tartu
HM Jorma Kullervo Koskimies University of Helsinki
Finland M Kjell Knapas University of Helsinki
O Teemu Samuel Arppe University of Helsinki
HM Olivier Plaidy Ministère Education Nationale
France
M
O
Laurence Petit
Christine Hirschler
Sciences à l'Ecole
Lycée Jean Mermoz
O Alban A. Letailleur Université Pierre et Marie Curie
HM Wolfgang Hampe
Germany M Alexander Rodenberg University of Zuerich
O Timo Gehring Karlsruher Institute for Technology (KIT)
Greece
HM
M
Nikolas Psaroudakis
Eystratios Asimellis
University of Athens
3rd EPAL of Athens, Greece
HM Gyorgy Zoltan Tarczay Eotvos University
Hungary M Szilard Varga Chemical Researh Center HAS
O Attila Villanyi Eotvos Lorand University
Iceland
HM Finnbogi Óskarsson
Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík
(Reykjavík Junior College)
M Ísak Sigurjón Bragason University of Iceland
India
HM
M
Lakshmy Ravishankar
Radha Vijay Jayaram
V.G. Vaze College of Arts,
Science and Commerce
Institute of Chemical Technology
O Pradeep Tryambakrao Deota M.S. University of Baroda
HM Riwandi Sihombing University of Indonesia
M Djulia Onggo Bandung Institute of Technology
Indonesia
O Deana Wahyuningrum Bandung Institute of Technology
O Ismunaryo Moenandar University of Indonesia
G Hastuti Musikaningsih
Ministry of
Indonesia
Education, Republic of
HM Mansour Abedini University of Tehran
I. R. of Iran
M
O
Ebrahim Kianmehr
Mahin Jabalameli
University of Tehran
The Young Scholars Club
O Alireza Shayesteh University of Tehran
108

Country Role Name Affiliation
HM Paraic James Dublin City University
Ireland M Matthew John Cook Queen's University Belfast
O Michael Anthony Cotter Dublin City University
HM Iris Barzilai Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
Israel M Miriam Iris Barak Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
O Khalil Abo Nofal ST. Joseph High School and Seminary
Italy
HM
M
Mario Anastasia
Raffaele Colombo
University of Milan
University of Milan
HM Nobuhiro Kihara Kanagawa University
Japan
M
O
Asao Nakamura
Yasuhiro Yamada
Shibaura Institute of Technology
Tokyo University of Science
O Takeshi Kanazawa Hokkaido Sapporo Nishi High School
HM
Kurmangali Batyrbekovich
Bekishev
Kazakh National University
Kazakhstan M
Gulnar Mukhangaliyevna
Akimzhanova
RSPC Daryn
G Anna Ivanovna Bekisheva
Almaty Institute
Connection
of Energetic and
HM Hackjin Kim Chungnam National University
M Yunkyoung Ha Hongik University
O Bokyoung Lee Yonsei University
O Do Hyun Ryu Sungkyunkwan University
Korea G Duckhwan Lee Sogang University
G Eun Soo Kim
Ministry of
Technology
Education, Science and
G Won Sun Jung
Korea Foundation for the Advancement of
Science & Creativity
HM Barak Mehdi Hadi
The Kuwait Foundation
Advancement of Sciences
for the
M Fotouh Abdullah Alshamali
The Kuwait Foundation
Advancement of Sciences
for the
O Muna Ibrahim Alansari
The Kuwait Foundation
Advancement of Sciences
for the
Kuwait O Essa Menhal Alqallaf Ministry of Education
G Jasem Osamah Abul Kuwait English School
G Meshari Osamah Abul Kuwait English School
G Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alquraishi
The Kuwait Foundation
Advancement of Sciences
for the
G Khalida Zaid Alzamel
The Kuwait Foundation
Advancement of Sciences
for the
HM Minira Batkibekova
Scientific Research Institute on Chemistry
and Technology at Kyrgyz State Technical
Kyrgyzstan
University Named after I. Razzakov
Karabalty Technological Institute at
M Fanargul Abdyldaeva
Kyrgyz State Technical University named
after I. Razzakov
Latvia
HM
M
Juris Fotins
Skaidrīte Pakule
Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis
University of Latvia
109

Country Role Name Affiliation
Liechtenstein O Karin Andrea Birbaum ETH Zurich
Lithuania
HM
M
Rimantas Raudonis
Marius Jurgelenas
Vilnius University
Vilnius University
HM Noorsaadah A. Rahman University of Malaya
Malaysia
M
O
Sharifuddin Mohd. Zain
Ilani Ibrahim
University of Malaya
Malaysian Institute of Chemistry
O Shamsir Jemain Education Department
Mexico
HM
Ramiro Eugenio Dominguez
Danache
M Eugenio Octavio Reyes
110
Universidad
Mexico
Nacional Autónoma De
Universidad Nacional Autónoma De
Mexico
O Carlos Mauricio Castro Acuña
Universidad
Mexico
Nacional Autónoma De
Moldova
HM
M
Ion Bulimestru
Victor Ţapcov
State University of Moldova
State University of Moldova
HM Dorj Daichaa National University of Mongolia
Mongolia M Nyamgerel Choijilsuren National University of Mongolia
O Davaasuren Sandag National University of Mongolia
Netherlands
HM
M
Peter De Groot
Emiel De Kleijn
Gemeentelijk Gymnasium Hilversum/SLO
Enschede
SLO
O Johan Broens SLO
New Zealand
HM
M
Owen John Curnow
Duncan James Mcgillivray
University of Canterbury
The University of Auckland
O Sunday Asher Adedeji National Mathematical Centre, Abuja
Nigeria O Ayodele Ajayi Akanle Ministry Of Education, Akure
O Clement Olajide Adeyemo National Mathematical Centre, Abuja
Norway
HM
M
Tor Erik Kristensen
Bjørn Dalhus
University of Oslo
National University Hospital
Pakistan
HM
M
Khalid Mohammed Khan
Muhammad Raza Shah
University of Karachi
University of Karachi
Peru HM Bertha Beatriz Flores Alor Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Poland
HM
M
Marek Orlik
Karolina Agnieszka Pułka
University of Warsaw
University of Warsaw
Portugal
HM
M
Diana Cláudia Gouveia Alves
Pinto
Maria Do Amparo Ferreira
Faustino
University of Aveiro
University of Aveiro
Romania
HM Marius Andruh University of Bucharest
M Daniela Bogdan
Ministry of Education, Research,
Youth and Sports
G Ecaterina Florica Safarica Ecaterina Florica Safarica

Country Role Name Affiliation
HM Vadim Eremin Moscow State University
M Alexander Gladilin Moscow State University
O Ilya Glebov Moscow Institute of Open Education
Russian
Federation
Saudi Arabia
O Elena Eremina Moscow State University
Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of
G Elena Korchagina
Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy
ofSciences
G Liudmila Levina Tsentrhimpress
G Oxana Gladilina ZKS, LLC
G Sergey Lyubimov Neochem Ltd
O Dhaifallah Mohammed Aldhayan King Saud University (KSU)
O Nada Abdulaziz Aljallal King Saud University (KSU)
G Fahad Albakr Vinnell Arabia
G Faisal Albakr Child
Serbia O Dušan Sladić University of Belgrade
HM Yaw Kai Yan National Institute of Education
M Sheng Zhang National University of Singapore
Singapore O Untung Edy Rusbandi National University of Singapore
O Xuhao Alvin Pek Victoria Junior College
G Kok Wei Foo Ministry of Education, Singapore
HM Anton Sirota IUVENTA
Slovakia
M
O
Martin Putala
Pavol Tarapčík
Comenius University in Bratislava
Slovak Technical University, Bratislava
O Ján Reguli Trnava University
Slovenia
HM
M
Andrej Godec
Darko Dolenc
University of Ljubljana
University of Ljubljana
HM Juan Antonio Rodriguez Renuncio University Complutense at Madrid
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
M
Maria Del Carmen Causape
Cartagena
111
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
O Marta Enciso University Complutense at Madrid
O Vicente Martí Centelles Universitat Jaume I
HM Ulf Charles Jaglid Chalmers University of Technology
M Anna Cecilia Stenberg Kungsholmens Gymnasium
O Per Henning Lindgren Erik Dahlbergs Gymnasiet
HM Dustin Hofstetter ETH Zurich
M Peter Eladio Ludwig ETH Zürich
O Basile Isidore Martin Wicky
EPFL (Swiss Federal
Technology, Lausanne)
Institute of
Syrian Youth Federation and SONA
HM Emad Mouafak Alazeb
(Syrian Science Olympiad National
M
Mohamad Majed Mohamad
Alsabbagh
Authority)
Damascus University
Syrian Youth Federation and SONA
O Salah Mahmod Asad
(Syrian Science Olympiad National
Authority)

Country Role Name Affiliation
Tajikistan
HM
M
Erhan Güler
Parviz Khakimov
Shelale Educational Corporation
Medical University of Tajikistan
HM Ekasith Somsook Mahidol University
M Thammarat Aree Chulalongkorn University
O Aroonsiri Shitangkoon Chulalongkorn University
Thailand O Yongsak Sritana-Anant The University of Chulalongkorn
G Supunnee Chanprasert
112
The Institute for the Promotion of
Teaching Science and Technology.
G Techin Chuladesa Harvard University
HM Jale Hacaloglu Middle East Technical University
M Osman Ataman Middle East Technical University
O Saim Ozkar Middle East Technical University
O Metin Balci Middle East Technical University
Turkey
O
O
Ahmet Onal
Ibrahim Ozdemiroglu
Middle East Technical University
The Scientific and Technological Research
Council of Turkey
G Ayse Gulay Ataman Middle East Technical University
G Jale Balci Middle East Technical University
G Nedret Ozkar
Retired from Middle East Technical
University
Turkmenistan
HM
M
Guvanchmyrat Paytakov
Mametmurat Geldiniyazov
Turgut Ozal High School
Magtymguly University
HM Yuriy Kholin V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Ukraine
United
Kingdom
United States
M Galyna Malchenko
Institute of Innovation Technologies and
Content of Education
O Dmytro Kandaskalov National Polytechnic Institute
HM Andrew Francis Worrall Harrow School
M Ben Samuel Pilgrim University of Oxford
O Peter David Wothers The University of Cambridge
G Laura Dunn Royal Society of Chemistry
HM Kimberly A. Gardner US Air Force Academy
M Kristin Ayn Fletcher USAFA
O Gabriel Bryan Balazs Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
O John Leon Kiappes The Scripps Research Institute
O Cecilia D. Hernandez American Chemical Society
O Natalia L. White University of Maryland
O Andrea Elizabeth Morris University of Maryland
G Javier E. Hernandez Fuentes Interamerican Investment Corporation
Facultad de Quimica-Universidad de la
Republica
HM Amalia Torrealba Sanoja
Venezuelan
Association
Chemistry Olympiad
M José Rafael Camacho Gutiérrez Universidad Simón Bolívar
Uruguay HM Gustavo Seoane Muniz
Venezuela

Country Role Name Affiliation
HM Son Do Quy Vietnam Atomic Energy Commision
M Hien Pham Dinh
Viet Nam Ministry of Education and
Training
O Dau Nguyen Van National University of Ha Noi
O Chinh Nguyen Quoc National University of Ho Chi Minh
G Hung Pham Tuan Hai Phong Educational Service
Viet Nam
G Phuong Mai Chau Lam Son School
G Hung Nguyen Van Lam Son School
G Nhi Nguyen Thi Nguyen Trai School
G Kha Nguyen Duy
Viet Nam Ministry of Education and
Training
G Hoa Tran Thi Viet
Viet Nam Ministry of Education and
Training
G Diep Dao Thi Phuong Hanoi National University of Education
113

List of the competed Students
Country Name School
Ezequiel Maidanik ORT
Argentina
Nicolas Villagran Dos Santos
Mario Rugiero
Instituto Ballester
Hipolito Yrigoyen
Matias Lanus Mendez Elizalde Escuela
Vahagn Tamazyan Quantum
Armenia
Davit Arzumanyan
Artur Aslanyan
Fizmath School
Usum
Edvard Sargsyan Vanadzor Fizmat
Stuart Ferrie Melbourne High School
Australia
Allan Chau
Cyril Tang
James Ruse Agricultural High School
Sydney Grammar School
Kelvin Cheung James Ruse Agricultural High School
Sebastian Gogg pORg der Ursulinen Graz
Austria
Johannes Hellwagner
Konstantin Krautgasser
HTL Villach
HTL Villach
Robert Pollice GRg Sachsenbrunn
Agil Azimzada Lenkoran Private High School
Azerbaijan
Rashad Yusifov
Agil Safaralizade
Guba Private High School
Dede Gorgud Private High School
Vugar Mirzakhanov AZ1065, Pasha Nazarli School 60
Jasmine De Becker Sint-Jozefinstituut Herentals
Belgium
Jeroen Van Cleemput
Kevin Renier
Europese School Brussel II
Athénée Royal de Huy
Florence Thiry Athénée Royal Nivelles
Vasil Vasilev MG
Bulgaria
Belarus
Brazil
Canada
Ivan Bojidarov Dimov
Fani Georgieva Madzharova
114
National High School of Mathematics and
Science, Sofia
National High School of Mathematics and
Science, Sofia
Tsvetan Hristov Tarnev
National High School of Mathematics and
Science, Sofia
Lizaveta Durovich Gimnasium 7
Mikhail Kavalchuk School 71
Dzianis Kuliomin State Lyceum of Minsk Region
Natallia Yelavik School 22
Levindo Jose Garcia Quarto Ari de Sa
Jessica Kazumi Okuma Colégio Etapa
Raul Bruno Machado Da Silva Colegio Farias Brito
Andre Silva Franco Colegio Etapa
Connie Zhao University of Toronto Schools
Philip Sohn Northern Secondary School
Richard Liu University of Toronto Schools
Brian Bi Woburn Collegiate Institute

Country Name School
Michelle Frei Kantonsschule Wettingen
Switzerland
Michele Oliosi
Yannick Suter
Gymnase Auguste Piccard
Kantonsschule Wettingen
Alain Vaucher Collège Sainte-Croix
Xianghang Shangguan Changjun Middle School
China
Zhiyao Zhou
Qilei Zhu
No.1 High School Affiliated to Central
China Normal University
Hangzhou No.2 Middle School
Ruyi Wang
High School Attached to Nanjing Normal
University
Rafael Angel Rodriguez Arguedas
Colegio Cientifico Costarricense de
115
Occidente
Costa Rica
Tachmajal Corrales Sanchez
Colegio Cientifico Costarricense de San
Pedro
Oscar Garcia Montero Colegio Nueva Esperanza
Wainer Camacho Araya
Colegio Científico
Occidente
Costarricense de
Cuba Ramón Lorenzo Panades Barrueto IPVCE Eusebio Olivera
Panayiota Katsamba Lyceum Agiou Georgiou Larnaka
Cyprus
Christos Anastassiades
Stelios Chatzimichail
Lyceum Apostolon Petrou & Pavlou
Pagyprio Lyceum Larnaka
Andreas Sofokli Lyceum Paphos
Ondrej Hak Gymnasium a SOS Husova 1414
Czech Republic
Ondrej Henych
Frantisek Petrous
Gymnasium Jeronymova 27
Gymnasium Jirovcova 8
Pavel Svec Gymnasium Jirovcova 8
Florian Berger Werner-Heisenberg-Gymnasium
Germany
Manuel Eberl
Leonard Hasenclever
Gymnasium Dingolfing
Wilhelm-Ostwald-Gymnasium
Lukas Wagner Max-Planck-Gymnasium
Mads Bøttger Hansen Aabenraa Statsskole
Denmark
Jakob Bank Kodal
Kristian Holten Møller
Esbjerg Statsskole
Slagelse Gymnasium
Niels Christian Holm Sanden Ordrup Gymnasium
Andreu Tortajada Navarro IES Benaguasil
Spain
Jesús Alvaro Gómez Iregui
Marconi Nicolás Peñas De Frutos
Colegio N.S. del Buen Consejo (Logroño)
IES Parquesol (Valladolid)
Pablo Giomi Liceo Español Luis Buñuel
Gleb Široki Tallinna Õismäe Russian Lyceum
Estonia
Maksim Mišin
Ivan Jakovlev
Tallinn Mustamäe Real Gymnasium
Tallinn Õismäe Russian Lyceum
Kadi Liis Saar Tallinn Secondary Sceince School
Suvi Kaarina Klapuri Vaasan Lyseon Lukio
Finland
Oscar Salomon Kivinen
Jarkko Timo Olavi Järvelä
Helsingin Suomalainen Yhteiskoulu
Karkkilan Yhteislyseo
Jari Tapio Huisman Jyväskylän Normaalikoulun Lukio

Country Name School
Rémi Olivier Patin Lycée Montaigne
France
Cédric Martin
Antton Curutchet
Lycée Thiers
Lycée René Cassin
Baptiste Couet Lycée Clemenceau
David Edey Alcester Grammar School
United Kingdom
David Wade
Joshua Stedman
Northgate High School
Abingdon School
Ruth Franklin Manchester High School for Girls
Nikolaos Kaplaneris 1 Gel Glyfada
Greece
Michael Matalliotakis
Georgios Papadimitriou
2 Gel Irakleio Crete
8 Gel Trikalon
Stefanos Tyros Bougas School
Vranješević Filip V. Gimnazija, Zagreb
Croatia
Markovic Igor
Kucanda Kristina
V. Gimnazija, Zagreb
I. Gimnazija Zagreb
Petricevic Fran III. Gimnazija Osijek
Hungary
Indonesia
India
Ireland
I. R. of Iran
Iceland
Eszter Najbauer
Ciszterci Rend Nagy Lajos Gimnáziuma
és Kollégiuma, Pécs
Attila Sveiczer Eötvös József Gimnázium, Budapest
Áron Szigetvári
Fazekas Mihály Fővárosi Gyakorló
Általános Iskola és Gimnázium, Budapest
Máté Somlyay
ELTE Apáczai Csere János Gyakorló
Gimnáziuma
Manoel Manuputty SMAK Penabur Gading Serpong Indonesia
Alimatun Nashira SMAN 1 Yogyakarta, Indonesis
Stephen Yuwono SMAN 1 Purwokerto, Indonesia
Agung Hartoko
SMA Taruna
Indonesia
Nusantara Magelang
Amit Panghal Bhartiya Public School
Diptarka Hait Salt Lake School
Nikunj Saunshi Sathaye College
Surendra Kotra
Narayana
Hyderabad
Junior College, Tarnaka,
Anandagopal Srinivasan Metodist College, Belfast
Daniel Quill St. Michael's College
Dermot Gillen Marist College, Athlone
Jonathan Wilson Portora Royal School
Hanieh Safari Farzanegan
Hossein Dadashazar Allameh Tabatabaei
Seyed Amirhossein Nasseri Shahid Soltani
Mohammadreza Amirmoshiri Shahid Madani
Árni Johnsen Menntaskólinn við Hamrahlíð
Helgi Björnsson Menntaskólinn við Hamrahlíð
Konráð Þór Þorsteinsson Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík
Sigtryggur Kjartansson Fjölbrautaskóli Suðurnesja
116

Country Name School
Eviatar Degani Hadera High School
Israel
Michael Michelachvili
Assaf Mauda
Hagimnasia Harealit, Rishon Lezion
Hadera High School
Anael Ben Asher Ort Horovitz, Carmiel
Italy
Japan
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Korea
Kuwait
Lithuania
Latvia
Moldova
Luciano Barluzzi
Liceo Scientifico "G. Marconi"
Di Foligno
Luca Zucchini ITIS "T. Buzzi" Di Prato
Alberto Branchi ITIS "E. Fermi" Di Mantova
Giuseppe Recchia ITIS
Hiroki Uratani Shiga Prefactual Zeze High School
Ken-Ichi Endo Eiko Gakuen
Kengo Kataoka
Junior and Senior High School at Komaba,
University of Tsukuba
Hayate Saitoh NADA Junior and Senior High School
Zhalgas Serimbetov Kazakh-turkish High School
Ilya Skripin Kazakh-turkish High School
Abylay Shakhizadayev Kazakh-turkish High School
Miras Bekbergenov Kazakh-turkish High School
Sagynbek Dadybaev Tokmok Turkish High School
Kalysbek Abykeshov NARIN Turkish High School
Azizbek Usvaliev
JALAL-ABAD
School
Kyrgyz-Turkish High
Saltanat Mambetova School-licen N28 Scryabina
Jaehyun Lim Seoul Science High School
Hyeonjae Lee Gyeonggibuk Science High School
Pilkeun Jang Sejong Science High School
Won Jae Kim Sejong Science High School
Mohammad Alabdulrazzaq
AHMAD
School
AL-BISHER ROOMI High
Hessah Alquraishi ALNAHDA High School
Shahad Albaloul MARYA ALQUTIA High School
Mariam Aldarweesh ALYARMOUK High School
Vidmantas Bieliunas Vilniaus Gabijos Gimnazija
Emilis Bruzas Klaipedos "Azuolyno" Gimnazija
Vladimiras Oleinikovas KTU Gymnasium
Dominykas Sedleckas KTU Gymnasium
Roberts Bluķis Riga State Gymnasium No. 1
Viktors Pozņaks Riga 22nd Secondary School
Dmitrijs Jevdokimovs Riga Secondary School No. 40
Jānis Briška Sala Secondary School
Negrescu Dan Nicolae Iorga
Dosca Anastasia Prometeu-Prim
Buiucli Serafim N. Milescu Spataru
Pîrău Tudor LC Magdacesti
117

Country Name School
Raymundo Esquer-Rodriguez Instituto Salvatierra
Mexico
Alan Carrasco-Carballo
Oscar Palomino-Hernandez
Cobao 02 El Espinal
Escuela Hispano Mexicana
Tania Lizeth Lopez-Silva CBTIS117
Amarsanaa Davaasuren School No. 11, Ulaanbaatar
Mongolia
Selenge Enkhtuya
Enkhbat Myagmar
School No. 28, Ulaanbaatar
"Shine Mongol" School, Mongolia
Gantulga Batbayar School No. 14, Orkhon Province
Yeoh Keat Hor To be announced
Malaysia
Nicholas Thong Li Jie
Siti Fatma Hawaria Mokhtar
To be announced
To be announced
Rabi'Atul Adibah 'Allauddin To be announced
Alexander Blokhuis Pleincollege van Maerlant
Netherlands
Anatolij Babič
Istvan Kleijn
Het Stedelijk Lyceum Zuid
Emelwerda College
Manuel Van Rijn RSG Tromp Meesters
Maartje Iris Romijn Den Norske Skolen Gran Canaria
Norway
Espen Auseth Nielsen
Lars Moen Strømsnes
Adolf Øiens Skole
Fauske VGS, avd. Vestmyra
Ingrid Eidsvaag Andersen Bergen Katedralskole
Stewart Alexander Christchurch Boys' High School
New Zealand
David Bellamy
Jaimin Choi
Christ's College
Massey High School
Lujia Xu Massey High School
Izhar Ali Agha Khan Higher Secondary School
Pakistan
Minahil Sana Qasim
Hafiz Hassan Ali
Beacon House Defence Campus
Fazaia Degree College PAF Base Faisal
Muhammad Anus St. Patricks High School
Peru
Luis Fernando Merma Paucar
Anthony John Salcedo Meza
Pascual Saco Oliveros
Pascual Saco Oliveros
Poland
Portugal
Kornel Ocytko
Marcin Malinowski
Witold Hoffmann
118
I Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace, ul. Kilinskiego
7, 65-508 Zielona Gora, Poland
V Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace im. Ks. J.
Poniatowskiego, Warsaw
VIII Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace im. Adama
Mickiewicza, Poznan
Maciej Gryszel
I Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace im. M.
Kopernika, Kolobrzeg
Gonçalo Vitorino Bonifácio Secundária José Saramago
Alexandre Faia Carvalho Escola secundária de Peniche
Marta Cristina Neves Aguiar Escola Secundária Homem Cristo
Jorge Pedro Martins Nogueiro
Escola Secundária com 3º ciclo Emídio
Garcia

Country Name School
Tudor Balan Colegiul "COSTACHE NEGRUZZI" IAŞI
Romania
Russian
Federation
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Sweden
Syria
Thailand
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Constantin Giurgiu
Alexandru Sava
119
Liceul Teoretic ’’N.BĂLCESCU”
CLUJ-NAPOCA
Colegiul National "VLAICU VODĂ"
CURTEA DE ARGEŞ
Ioana Moga Colegiul National ”E.GOJDU” ORADEA
Daniil Khokhlov School 167, St-Petersburg
Kirill Sukhoverkov Gimnazium 22, Barnaul
Maxim Kozlov Gimnazium of Dimitrovgrad
Alexander Kochnev Lyceum 230, Zarechnyi
Khu Boon Hou Derek Hwa Chong Institution
Tng Jia Hao Barry Raffles Institution
Fong Jie Ming Nigel Raffles Institution
Lum Jian Yang Raffles Institution
Marek Buchman
Gymnazium
Children
for Extraordinary Gifted
Ladislav Hovan Gymnazium, Exnárova 10
Dominik Štefanko Gymnázium Andreja Vrábla, Levice
Marek Vician Gymnázium V.B. Nedožerského
Valter Bergant Šolski Center Rudolfa Maistra Kamnik
Božidar Aničić II. Gimnazija Maribor
Žiga Perko II. Gimnazija Maribor
Nejc Petek Gimnazija Litija
David Ahlstrand Erik Dahlbergsgymnasiet
Viktor Mattias Johansson Ostrabo 1
Emil Marklund Forsmarks Skola
Oscar Hans Emil Mickelin Sodra Latins Gymnasium
Ali Mourtada
Distinguished Student School Damascus
Syria
Ali Issa Distinguished Student
Mohammad Shubat Distinguished Student
Rouaa Al Nan Distinguished Student
Pinnaree Tea-Mangkornpan Triam Udom Suksa School
Khetpakorn Chakarawet Trium Udom Suksa School
Alif Noikham Mahidolwittayanusorn School
Jiraborrirak Charoenpattarapreeda Suankularb Wittayalai
Alisher Rakhimov Haji Kemal Tajik-Turkish High School
Saidali Kholzoda Haji Kemal Tajik Turkish High School
Shakhboz Zulfaliev Mavlono High School
Ulugbek Barotov Mavlono High School
Wepa Roziyev Bashkent Turkmen-turkish High School
Myrat Annamuhammedov Bashkent Turkmen-turkish High School
Rahym Ashirov Bashkent Turkmen-turkish High School
Begmyrat Cholukov Beyik S. Turkmenbasy ad. AZCM

Country Name School
Fatih Alcicek Ozel Yamanlar Fen Lisesi
Turkey
Deniz Caglin
Makbule Esen
Yamanlar Koleji
Istanbul Ozel Kasimoglu Coskun Fen Lisesi
Mehmet Cem Sahiner Ozel Samanyolu Fen Lisesi
Yu-Chi Kuo Taipei Municipal Jianguo High School
Chinese Taipei
Ming-Ko Cho
Wei-Che Tsai
National Taichung First Senior High School
National Taichung First Senior High School
Bo-Yun Gu Taipei Municipal Jianguo High School
Ukraine
Uruguay
United States
Venezuela
Viet Nam
Sergiy Shyshkanov
Vladyslav Panarin
Anton Topchiy
120
Specialized Sanatorium Boarding School
for Gifted Children "Erudit"
Specialized Sanatorium Boarding School
for Gifted Children "Erudit"
200 Anniversary Lugansk Communal
Institution Lugansk Secondary Specialized
I-III Level Gymnasium No. 60
Dmytro Frolov
Lviv Physics and Mathematics Lyceum of
Ivan Franko Lviv National University
Melissa Bariani Liceo Nº1 Q.F. Heinzen
Norberto Andres Canepa The British Schools
Alejandro Rodriguez PREU
Sebastian Andres Martinez Colegio Sagrada Familia
Colin Lu Vestal High School
Alexander Siegenfeld Hopkins School
Utsarga Sikder South Brunswick High School
Richard Li River Hill High School
Carlos Javier Berrio Barrera Liceo Bolivariano Julio Bustamante
Arnaldo Enmanuel Marin Suárez Colegio la Salle-Lara
Erwin Wilfredo Mora Flores Liceo Bolivariano Pedro Fontes
María Victoria Moreno Hernández Institutos Educacionales Asociados
Binh Nguyen Duc Lam Son
Cuc Mai Thu Nguyen Trai
Quang Luu Nguyen Hong PTNK Ho Chi Minh
Tuan Le Anh Tran Phu

Country Participation Fees
Country
Years
in
2010
Fee
in USD
Fee
in JPN
Yen
121
Country
Years
in
2010
Fee
in USD
Fee
in JPN
Yen
Argentina 16 $1,600 ¥144,000 Kuwait 18 $1,800 ¥162,000
Armenia 5 $500 ¥45,000 Kyrgyzstan 11 $1,100 ¥99,000
Australia 12 $1,200 ¥108,000 Latvia 20 $2,000 ¥180,000
Austria 30 $2,000 ¥180,000 Lithuania 20 $2,000 ¥180,000
Azerbaijan 11 $1,100 ¥99,000 Malaysia 5 $500 ¥45,000
Belarus 15 $1,500 ¥135,000 Mexico 19 $1,900 ¥171,000
Belgium 27 $2,000 ¥180,000 Moldova 4 $400 ¥36,000
Brazil 12 $1,200 ¥108,000 Mongolia 5 $500 ¥45,000
Bulgaria 29 $2,000 ¥180,000 Netherlands 8 $800 ¥72,000
Canada 13 $1,300 ¥117,000 New Zealand 19 $1,900 ¥171,000
China 15 $1,500 ¥135,000 Norway 16 $1,600 ¥144,000
Chinese Taipei 5 $500 ¥45,000 Pakistan 5 $500 ¥45,000
Costa Rica 1 $100 ¥9,000 Peru 7 $700 ¥63,000
Croatia 11 $1,100 ¥99,000 Poland 19 $1,900 ¥171,000
Cuba 18 $1,800 ¥162,000 Portugal 8 $800 ¥72,000
Cyprus 21 $2,000 ¥180,000 Romania 27 $2,000 ¥180,000
Czech
Republic
18 $1,800 ¥162,000
Russian
Federation
3 $300 ¥27,000
Denmark 10 $1,000 ¥90,000 Saudi Arabia 5 $500 - observe
Egypt 9 $900 - absent Singapore 21 $2,000 ¥180,000
Estonia 17 $1,700 ¥153,000 Slovakia 18 $1,800 ¥162,000
Finland 22 $2,000 ¥180,000 Slovenia 20 $2,000 ¥180,000
France 20 $2,000 ¥180,000 Spain 15 $1,500 ¥135,000
Germany 6 $600 ¥54,000 Sweden 28 $2,000 ¥180,000
Greece 7 $700 ¥63,000 Switzerland 24 $2,000 ¥180,000
Hungary 2 $200 ¥18,000 Syria 1 $100 ¥9,000
Iceland 9 $900 ¥81,000 Tajikistan 7 $700 - IUPAC
India 9 $900 ¥81,000 Thailand 11 $1,100 ¥99,000
Indonesia 11 $1,100 ¥99,000 Turkey 17 $1,700 ¥153,000
I. R. of Iran 18 $1,800 ¥162,000 Turkmenistan 9 $900 ¥81,000
Ireland 13 $1,300 ¥117,000 Ukraine 17 $1,700 ¥153,000
Israel 5 $500 ¥45,000 United Kingdom 1 $100 ¥9,000
Italy 17 $1,700 ¥153,000 United States 18 $1,800 ¥162,000
Japan 0 $0 ¥0 Uruguay 12 $1,200 ¥108,000
Kazakhstan 13 $1,300 ¥117,000 Venezuela 18 $1,800 - IUPAC
Korea 4 $400 ¥36,000 Viet Nam 15 $1,500 ¥135,000

Budget of the 42 nd IChO (Estimation as of September 15.)
122
10 3 Yen
10 3 US $
($1 = ¥90)
Total budget ¥411,992 $4,578
1. Government Sources ¥235,105 $2,612
2. Sponsors ¥153,176 $1,702
3. Country Participation Fees ¥7,506 $83
4. Observer and Guest Fees ¥16,205 $180
Expenditures ¥411,992 $4,578
1. Examination Preparation ¥52,222 $580
1.1 Equipment and Reagents ¥42,017 $467
1.2 Preparatory and Examination Tasks ¥10,205 $113
2. Accommodation and Food ¥55,307 $615
2.1 Students and Guides ¥24,283 $270
2.2 Mentors etc. ¥31,024 $345
3. Transportation ¥20,108 $223
3.1 Students and Guides ¥15,474 $172
3.2 Mentors etc. ¥4,634 $51
4. Ceremonies and Banquet ¥31,648 $352
4.1 Opening and Closing Ceremonies ¥13,246 $147
4.2 Banquet etc. ¥18,402 $204
5. Cultural Program ¥7,442 $83
5.1 Students and Guides ¥6,958 $77
5.2 Mentors etc. ¥484 $5
6. Secretariat ¥81,686 $908
6.1 Staff Costs ¥56,122 $624
6.2 Facilities ¥16,647 $185
6.3 Equipment and Services ¥8,917 $99
7. Guides ¥19,365 $215
8. Public Relations ¥48,890 $543
8.1 Catalyzers ¥5,944 $66
8.2 Souvenirs ¥7,478 $83
8.3 Presentation, Mass Media ¥35,468 $394
9. IT Support ¥5,354 $59
10. Final Report ¥1,200 $13
11. Operational Expenses ¥47,824 $531
11.1 Personnel ¥13,298 $148
11.2 Facilities and Services ¥28,968 $322
11.3 Consumables ¥2,632 $29
11.4 Communication ¥2,926 $33
12. Others ¥14,269 $159
13. Preliminary Events ¥26,677 $296

List of Organizers
President
Ryoji Noyori (RIKEN)
Organizing Committee
Chair: Ryoji Noyori (RIKEN)
Deputy Chair: Hiroyuki Nakanishi (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)
Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University)
Tadashi Watanabe (The University of Tokyo)
Tetsuji Yanami (Daicel Chemical Industries Limited.)
Member: President of Waseda University (Katsuhiko Shirai)
President of The University of Tokyo (Hiroshi Komiyama, Junichi Hamada)
President of the Association for the Progress of New Chemistry (Mitsuo Ohashi, Ryuichi
Tomizawa)
President of Catalysis Society of Japan (Makoto Imanari, Takashi Tatsumi, Miki Niwa)
President of the Ceramic Society of Japan (Teruyoshi Hiraoka, Eiichi Yasuda, Katsuji
Fujimoto, Koichi Niihara)
President of the Chemical Society of Japan (Akira Fujishima, Hiroyuki Nakanishi,
Yasuhiro Iwasawa)
President of the Electrochemical Society of Japan (Zempachi Ogumi, Makoto Yoda,
Ken-ichiro Ota, Higashi Ito)
President of Japan Chemical Industry Association (Ryuichi Tomizawa, Hiromasa
Yonekura)
President of The Japan Institute of Energy (Takao Kashiwagi, Koji Ukekawa)
President of Japan Oil Chemists' Society (Toshihiro Ito, Hiroyuki Shimasaki)
President of the Japan Petroleum Institute (Eiichi Kikuchi, Toshikazu Kobayashi)
President of The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry (Hideaki Koizumi,
Hiroki Haraguchi, Hitoshi Watarai, Hiroshi Nakamura)
President of Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry (Shuichi
Kaminogawa, Akira Isogai, Sakayu Shimizu,)
President of The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan (Masakatsu Shibasaki, Hideo Utsumi,
Tetsuo Nagano, Norio Matsuki)
President of The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan (Kouichi Miura, Kanji Shono,
Takashi Tsuchiya)
President of The Society of Polymer Science, Japan (Hiroyuki Nishide, Mitsuo Sawamoto)
President of The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan (Takeshi Nakai, Ryozo
Sakoda, Fukuyama Tohru)
Kenji Tsuboi (Japan Science Foundation)
Ken Takahashi (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)
Masato Ito (Soka University)
Takayuki Homma (Waseda University)
Kazuaki Kudo (The University of Tokyo)
Hiroshi Tachibana (Tokyo Metropolitan University)
Makoto Onaka (The University of Tokyo)
Yoshiyuki Sugahara (Waseda University)
Observers: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Kimihiko Oda,
Yasutaka Moriguchi, Shinichiro Izumi)
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Tetsuhiro Hosono, Tomofumi Hiraku)
Science Council of Japan (Yasuhiro Iwasawa, Akira Fujishima)
Japan Science and Technology Agency (Koichi Kitazawa, Toru Amano, Yutaka Hishiki)
Japan Chemical Innovation Institute (Akiyoshi Somemiya, Kazuhiko Hiyoshi)
Japan Society of Physics and Chemistry Education (Yasuo Tomioka)
Zenkoku Tyugakkou Rikakyouiku Kenkyukai (Kunio Ryuzaki, Eiji Seta, Akira Miyashita)
Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Nobuo Hayakawa)
123

The Asahi Shimbun (Atsuko Tsuji )
The Chemical Daily (Hiroshi Seta)
The Chunichi Shimbun (Hajime Hikino, Tadashi Himeno)
The Mainichi Newspapers (Yukiko Motomura, Hidetoshi Togasawa, Kazuhisa Nakai)
Nikkei Inc. (Junichi Taki)
Sankei Shimbun Co. (Shohei Nagatsuji)
The Science News Ltd (Fujita Ikeda)
The Yomiuri Shimbun (Shigeyuki Koide, Fumitaka Shibata)
Operating Managers (*: Chair)
Tadashi Watanabe (The University of Tokyo)* Hiroyuki Nakanishi (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)
Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University) Tetsuji Yanami (Daicel Chemical Industries Limited.)
Masahiro Kobayashi (IChO Japan Committee Secretary General)
Finance Committee (*: Chair)
Tetsuji Yanami (Daicel Chemical Industries Limited.)*
Kayo Sakata (Daicel Chemical Industries Limited.) Fumiyuki Asano (Daicel Chemical Industries Limited.)
Michio Tanaka (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) Keizo Tajima (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)
Nobuyuki Kawashima (The Chemical Society of Japan)
Teruto Ohta (The Chemical Society of Japan) Hiroshi Moriya (Japan Chemical Industry Association)
Shigeo Okumura (Japan Chemical Industry Association)
Kenzo Tamura (Japan Chemical Industry Association) Ryoichi Nakano (Japan Science Foundation)
Masahiro Niwano (The Society of Polymer Science, Japan)
Masahiko Iyoda (Tokyo Metropolitan University) Kazunori Kataoka (The University of Tokyo)
Funding Committee (*: Chair)
Hiroyuki Nakanishi (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)* Satoshi Kamata (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.)
Yuji Mizuno (Asahi Kasei Corporation) Tetsuji Yanami (Daicel Chemical Industries Limited.)
Shunji Ehara (DIC Corporation) Shinpei Ikenoue (Fujifilm Corporation)
Katsuki Miyauchi (Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd.) Shuichi Ohmiya (Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.)
Hozumi Sato (JSR Corporation) Satomi Takahashi (Kaneka Corporation)
Toshiharu Numata (Kao Corporation) Atsushi Baba (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
Kuniaki Kawakami (Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.)
Hiroshi Tokumaru (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) Kan Ueno (Nippon Oil Corporation)
Yuichi Kita (Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.) Takeshi Yoshida (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.)
Koji Kudo (Showa Denko K.K.) Giichi Morita (Teijin Limited)
Tamotsu Yahata (Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.) Hideaki Ezaki (Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.)
Yoshimasa Takao (Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited)
Norio Tsuzumi (The Tokyo Electric Power Company, Inc.)
Nobuyuki Kuramoto (Tokuyama Corporation) Norihiko Saito (Toray Industries, Inc.)
Hiroshige Wagatsuma (Tosoh Corporation) Makoto Umezu (Ube Industries, Ltd.)
Kenji Tsuboi (Japan Science Foundation)
Sub-committee on Fund-raising (*: Chief)
Ken Takahashi (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)* Tadashi Takamizawa (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
Hiroshi Gouda (Asahi Kasei Corporation) Takashizu Minato (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.
Ryutaro Yamaki (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) Akiko Matsumoto (Daicel Chemical Industries Limited.)
Akira Konishi (DIC Corporation) Takatoshi Ishikawa (Fujifilm Corporation)
Shunichi Aida (Fujifilm Corporation) Masahiko Okamura (Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd.)
Keiichiro Yoshi (Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.) Masaru Ohta (JSR Corporation)
Hideyuki Matsui (Kaneka Corporation) Toru Tejima (Kao Corporation)
Kimihiko Hori (Kao Corporation) Satoshi Kusunoki (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
Hiroshi Katayama (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) Daiji Tsuchiyama (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation)
Yoshinao Kashima (Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.)
Naruyuki Nagaoka (Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc.)
Yasushi Kanda (Nippon Oil Corporation) Miaki Asakawa (Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.)
Kiyokazu Kato (Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) Tetsuzo Ishikawa (Showa Denko K.K.)
124

Fumio Kondo (Teijin Limited) Nobuyuki Tamura (Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.)
Kaoru Sato (Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited) Yuji Masuda (The Tokyo Electric Power Company, Inc.)
Yutaka Shiokawa (Tosoh Corporation) Syuichi Nakai (Tosoh Corporation)
Kunihiko Fujii (Tokuyama Corporation) Kimikazu Nagase (Toray Industries, Inc.)
Tokio Obata (Ube Industries, Ltd.)
Execution Committee (*: Chair)
Tadashi Watanabe (The University of Tokyo)* Masato Ito (Soka University)
Takayuki Homma (Waseda University) Kazuaki Kudo (The University of Tokyo)
Makoto Onaka (The University of Tokyo) Yoshiyuki Sugahara (Waseda University)
Kayo Sakata (Daicel Chemical Industries Limited.) Ken Takahashi (Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)
Ryoichi Nakano (Japan Science Foundation)
Subcommittee on General Affairs (*: Chief)
Masato Ito (Soka University)* Kensuke Arai (Nihon Pharmaceutical University)
Satoshi Arai (Waseda University) Takayuki Homma (Waseda University)
Eiji Iwato (Tokyo Gakugei University Senior High School)
Hajime Hosoi (Waseda University)
Kensei Kobayashi (Yokohama National University) Kenya Kubo (International Christian University)
Kazuaki Kudo (The University of Tokyo) Fumitaka Mafune (The University of Tokyo)
Makoto Minato (Yokohama National University) Minoru Seki (Chiba University)
Akio Shimizu (Soka University) Yoshiyuki Sugahara (Waseda University)
Makoto Onaka (The University of Tokyo) Hiroshi Tachibana (Tokyo Metropolitan University)
Subcommittee on Public Relations (*: Chief)
Takayuki Homma (Waseda University)*
Yoshinobu Aoyama (Japan Chemical Industry Association)
Hideki Hayashi (Nagoya Municipal Industrial Research Institute)
Ayumu Inoue (Japan Chemical Industry Association)
Takaki Kanbara (University of Tsukuba) Masaki Karayama (Toyo University)
Shigeru Machida (Tokyo National College of Technology)
Atsunori Mori (Kobe University) Chigusa Rao (Japan Science and Technology Agency
Shigeo Satokawa (Seikei University) Hiroshi Seta (The Chemical Daily)
Yuki Yamasaki (Hosei University)
Catalyzer Editors (*: Chief)
Haruo Hosoya* Atsunori Mori (Kobe University)
Shigeru Machida (Tokyo National College of Technology)
Hiroshi Seta (The Chemical Daily) Daisuke Takeushi (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Akiko Utagawa (Tama University Hijirigaoka High School and Junior High School)
Yuki Yamasaki (Hosei University)
Preliminary Task Group (*: Chief)
Masaki Karayama (Toyo University)* Yasunao Kuriyama (Yamagata University)
Kazuo Fujioka (Suginami Gakuin Junior and Senior High School)
Eiji Iwato (Tokyo Gakugei University Senior High School)
Shiho Kamiya (Senzoku Gakuen Junior and Senior High School)
Kazuhiro Miyamoto (The Kaisei Junior and Senior High School)
Tomohiro Watanabe (Rikkyo Niiza Junior and Senior High School)
Masakatsu Takamatsu Yuki Yamasaki (Hosei University)
Subcommittee on Events and Transportation (*: Chief)
Kazuaki Kudo (The University of Tokyo)*
Kazuo Fujioka (Suginami Gakuin Junior and Senior High School)
Eiji Iwato (Tokyo Gakugei University Senior High School)
Masaki Karayama (Toyo University) Yoshitaka Minai (Musashi University)
Masatada Matsuoka (Komaba Toho Junior and Senior High School )
125

Tomomi Samejima (Tokyo Gakugei University International Secondary School)
Yukihiko Ueno (Waseda University Honjo Senior High School)
Akiko Utagawa (Tama University Hijirigaoka High School and Junior High School)
Tomohiro Watanabe (Rikkyo Niiza Junior & Senior High School)
Subcommittee on Information Technology (*: Chief)
Hiroshi Tachibana (Tokyo Metropolitan University)* Shoji Matsumoto (Chiba University)
Scientific Committee (*: Chair)
Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University)
Sub-committee on Practical Exam (*: Chief)
Yoshiyuki Sugahara (Waseda University)* Nobuhiro Kanomata (Waseda University)
Jun Matsuoka (The University of Shiga Prefecture) Masahiko Murakami (Nihon University)
Kazuo Nagasawa (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Kazuki Nakanishi (Kyoto University)
Teruyuki Nakato (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Kenji Ogino (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Kenichi Oyaizu (Waseda University) Satoshi Tsukahara (Hiroshima University)
Hiroyuki Yamamoto (Waseda University)
Subcommittee on Theoretical Exam (*: Chief)
Makoto Onaka (The University of Tokyo)* Yukihiko Hashimoto (The University of Tokyo)
Hiroyuki Kagi (The University of Tokyo) Hitoshi Kawaji (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Hiroshi Kondoh (Keio University) Fumitaka Mafune (The University of Tokyo)
Masaru Miyayama (The University of Tokyo) Akira Miyoshi (The University of Tokyo)
Kazuki Morita (The University of Tokyo)
Kiyotaka Shigehara (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Kiyotake Suenaga (Keio University) Toshiki Sugai (Toho University)
Koichi Tsukiyama (Tokyo University of Science) Takeshi Wada (The University of Tokyo)
Atsuo Yasumori (Tokyo University of Science) Naoko Yoshie (The University of Tokyo)
Secretary Office (*: Secretary General)
Masahiro Kobayashi* Makiko Akaho
Supporting Staffs at Secretary Office
Shigeru Endo (Chemical Society of Japan) Jun Miyasaka (Japan Science Foundation)
Yusuke Kawase (Chemical Society of Japan) Hiroyuki Okura (Chemical Society of Japan)
Hirokazu Shimizu (VIC Computer Support)
Chigusa Rao (Japan Science and Technology Agency)
Atsuyo Yoshimi (Japan Science and Technology Agency)
Ako Imaoka Megumi Tanabe
Guides
Students
Ayasa Aizawa (Waseda University) Shinichi Akizuki (Soka University)
Dashdemberel Batchunag (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Chew Sok Chen (Soka University) Mayumi Chiba (International Christian University)
Imon Cho (International Christian University) Andrei Dinu-lonita (Columbia University)
Takahisa Fujimori (The University of Tokyo) Miki Fukuda (International Christian University)
Shinya Fukuzawa (The University of Tokyo) Mitsuha Furuie (International Christian University)
Jambaldorj Ganchimeg (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Norito Hagino (Soka University of America) Nozomi Hayashi (University of Birmingham)
Yukei Hirasawa (International Christian University) Leung Wai Hong (Soka University)
Yuki Hori (International Christian University) Sayuri Ikeda (International Christian University)
Kazuhiko Imai (Soka University of America) Rie Inoue (Osaka University)
Sho Ishiwata (International Christian University) Miho Isobe (Soka University of America)
126

Amane Iwai (International Christian University) Taeko Iwamoto (Soka University of America)
Seiichi Izumi (Soka University of America) Satsuki Kamihagi (University of Nottingham)
Kyohei Kanomata (Tohoku University) Tomoko Kawabe (International Christian University)
Kazuki Kimura (Waseda University) Shiori Kitajima (International Christian University)
Yasuhito Koda (Tokyo University of Science) Hirotomo Kou (The University of Tokyo)
Zahariev Ivan Krasimirov (The University of Tokyo) Eri Kubota (International Christian University)
Qu Jun Lan (Soka University) Marina Masuda (International Christian University)
Fumiko Matsushima (Soka University) Qu Mengxuan (International Christian University)
Sa Migeum (Waseda University) Soetrisno Misawa (DIC Co.)
Maiko Miura (Soka University of America) Gorgoll Ricardo Mizoguchi (The University of Tokyo)
Mariko Monoi (International Christian University) Moe Murai (International Christian University)
Kenichi Nagasawa (Soka University of America) Misato Nakano (Takushoku University)
Mari Nakamura (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Mika Nakaoka (Waseda University) Nobuyuki Nakatomi (Soka University)
Minako Nishiyama (Soka University) Mariko Nitta (Waseda University)
Remi Nozaki (Aoyama Gakuin University) Mari Ogasa (Ochanomizu University)
Haruka Ohtake (International Christian University) Ayako Osada (International Christian University)
Naoya Otsuka (University of Tsukuba) Izmailov Ramazan (Takushoku University)
Fatemeh Rezaeifar (The University of Tokyo) Naomi Sakai (University of Cambridge)
Keiko Sato (Soka University of America) Yuriko Sato (Soka University of America)
Shiori Sawasaka (International Christian University) Goh Lee See (Soka University)
Aiki Segawa (Soka University of America) Asaka Seki (International Christian University)
Shuto Seki (International Christian University) Mia Suda (Takushoku University)
Jun Sumida (International Christian University) Miho Suzuki
Shunsuke Takagi (Tokyo University of Science) Misaki Takano (International Christian University)
Masayuki Takeuchi (Soka University of America) Haruka Tashiro (International Christian University)
Terumi Terashima (International Christian University) Minori Tomidokoro (Takushoku University)
Riho Ueno (International Christian University) Rina Watanabe (International Christian University)
Kanae Yama (International Christian University) Asako Yamada (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
Chiharu Yamamura (International Christian University)
Noyuri Yamamura (International Christian University)
Rodrigo Kendy Yamashita (The University of Tokyo) Yukiko Yano (International Christian University)
Mitsuhiro Yoshimura (The University of Tokyo) Tomoe Yuasa (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies)
Shang Yuying (Keio University)
Mentors, Observers and Guests
Hiroko Aiso (Keio University) Xu Chen (International Christian University)
Takuya Ishida (The University of Tokyo) Shingo Ishikawa (Hosei University)
Yoshie Ishikawa (Soka University) Riku Sato (International Christian University)
Yoshiko Sugita (Soka University of America) Nozomu Suzuki (International Christian University)
Junko Taira (Soka University of America) Saki Takanashi (Yokohama National University)
Miki Takata (Soka University) Ang Foong Yee (Soka University)
Atsushi Yoshitake (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Supporting Staffs
NYC
Maho Fujita (Tokyo University of Science) Chisa Koda (International Christian University)
Sumire Kurosawa (Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences)
Sumire Ono (The University of Tokyo) Yoshiyuki Takasu (Soka University of America)
Yoshiki Tanaka (The University of Tokyo) Nozomi Yoshikawa (Nihon Pharmaceutical University)
OVTA
Kazuya Aoki (The University of Tokyo) Miyuki Hashimoto (International Christian University)
Yohei Hattori (The University of Tokyo) Satomi Inagaki (International Christian University)
Yuki Ito (The University of Tokyo) Katsuyoshi Kimigafukuro (Kobe University)
Kazuki Ootaka (The University of Tokyo) Toru Takazawa (Overspec Production Studio)
127

Catalyzer
Yohei Mark Odagiri (Hosei University) Ryu Kojima (Hosei University)
Tomohito Ide (Tokyo Institute of Technology) Masahiro Suzuki (Hosei University )
Yoshitaka Tsuchido (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Information Technology
Batmunkh Erdenebolor (Chiba University) Dai Hirahara (Chiba University)
Hirokazu Kageyama (Chiba University) Koji Takagi (Chiba University)
Tomoko Tsuji (Chiba University)
Practical Exam
Kenichi Aizawa (Waseda University) Tomoko Akama (Waseda University)
Yuta Asai (Waseda University) Yusuke Ariake (Waseda University)
Wonsung Choi (Waseda University) Tomohiro Fukuda (Waseda University)
Shan Gen (Waseda University) Ryotarou Hara (Waseda University)
Shinpei Hatano (Waseda University) Masatoshi Hattori (Waseda University)
Syou Hideshima (Waseda University) Yuuki Honda (Waseda University)
Keiske Iida (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Seijiro Hosokawa (Waseda University) Shuhei Hotta (Waseda University)
Takuya Imaoka (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Machi Ito (Waseda University) Masanori Ito (Waseda University)
Yuki Iwamoto (Waseda University) Yoshie Kaifu (Waseda University)
Hisashi Kambe (Waseda University) Taichi Kaneko (Waseda University)
Mizuki Kamishiro (Waseda University) Yosuke Kanno (Waseda University)
Miki Kanao (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Yasuhiro Kataoka (Waseda University) Ryo Kawahara (Waseda University)
Kazuo Kimura (Waseda University) Nanako Kimura (Waseda University)
Chiaki Kobayashi (Waseda University) Manabu Kobayashi (Waseda University)
Miyuki Kobayashi (Waseda University) Yuta Kobayashi (Waseda University)
Fumitaka Kondoh (Waseda University) Akiko Kubota (Waseda University)
Masahiro Kunimoto (Waseda University) Yoshiyuki Kuroda (Waseda University)
Masato Matsuda (Waseda University) Kaoru Matsushita (Waseda University)
Ayumi Matsuo (Waseda University) Kanao Miki (Waseda University)
Yoshihiro Minamino (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Noriko Mitsui (Waseda University) Katsuyoshi Miura (Waseda University)
Takahiro Mochizuki (Waseda University) Toshiyuki Monma (Waseda University)
Yuki Mukaeda (Waseda University) Shintaro Nagahama (Waseda University)
Mai Nagashima (Waseda University) Makoto Nakabayashi (Waseda University)
Sho Nakagawa (Waseda University) Satoshi Nakajima (Waseda University)
Chu Nakamura (Waseda University) Atsushi Nakata (Waseda University)
Kuniko Nitta (Waseda University) Takashi Niwa (Waseda University)
Toshiya Ohba (Waseda University) Mayumi Okamoto (Waseda University)
Teruyuki Okayasu (Waseda University) Hiroyoshi Ootsu (Waseda University)
Takanari Oouchi (Waseda University) Shimon Osada (Waseda University)
Hiroshi Oshio (Waseda University) Hitomi Saito (Waseda University)
Heisuke Sakai (Waseda University) Junji Seino (Waseda University)
Keisuke Seto (Waseda University) Toshimichi Shibue (Waseda University)
Tsuyoshi Shimada (Waseda University) Syunsuke Sueki (Waseda University)
Teiichi Someya (Waseda University) Natsuhiko Sugimura (Waseda University)
Kazuhiro Sugiyama (Waseda University) Hiromi Sunaga (Waseda University)
Katsumi Suzuki (Waseda University) Nagisa Toihara (Waseda University)
Chihiro Urata (Waseda University) Chisato Yamazaki (Waseda University)
Yuji Takagi (Waseda University) Katsuyuki Takahashi (Waseda University)
Nobuyuki Takahashi (Waseda University) Yoshie Takakura (Waseda University)
Takeko Takano (Waseda University) Shigeo Tanabe (Waseda University)
Jun Tanaka (Waseda University) Shiro Tanie (Waseda University)
Masayuki Tera (Waseda University) Sonoko Tokishita (Waseda University)
Hitomi Tsukagoshi (Waseda University) Ryo Watabe (Waseda University)
128

Naoko Watanabe (Waseda University) Masamichi Yamada (Waseda University)
Yusuke Yamamoto (Waseda University) Naoki Yokoyama (Waseda University)
Koji Yasui (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Shogo Yonemura (Waseda University) Shinpei Yoshida (Waseda University)
Yuri Kodachi
Theoretical Exam
Kiyohiro Adachi (The University of Tokyo) Mitsunori Araki (Tokyo University of Science)
Junta Fuchiwaki (The University of Tokyo) Junichi Furukawa (The University of Tokyo)
Daijiro Hayashi (The University of Tokyo) Hidenori Himeno (The University of Tokyo)
Yojiro Hiranuma (The University of Tokyo) Ryota Horikawa (The University of Tokyo)
Hiroshi Hyodo (Tokyo University of Science) Junichi Ishida (The University of Tokyo)
Tomoyuki Iwamoto (The University of Tokyo) Takuya Kaji (The University of Tokyo)
Yusuke Kanakubo (The University of Tokyo) Yuji Katagiri (The University of Tokyo)
Ryoichi Kira (The University of Tokyo) Yuta Kirihara (The University of Tokyo)
Shunsuke Kodama (The University of Tokyo) Yoichi Masui (The University of Tokyo)
Akira Matsugi (The University of Tokyo) Hiroaki Matsumoto (The University of Tokyo)
Ken Miyajima (The University of Tokyo) Haruko Miyake (The University of Tokyo)
Maho Morita (Keio University) Toshiaki Nagata (The University of Tokyo)
Naoya Nakajima (Keio University) Tomoki Nishiguchi (The University of Tokyo)
Nobuhiro Ooya (The University of Tokyo) Yuki Saito (The University of Tokyo)
Motohiro Sakamoto (The University of Tokyo) Kei-ichi Sato (The University of Tokyo)
Kazuhiro Shikinaka (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Ichiro Tanabe (The University of Tokyo) Naru Tanaka (The University of Tokyo)
Mituru Tomita (The University of Tokyo)
Kosuke Tsuchiya (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)
Akira Yamada (The University of Tokyo) Kazuya Yamada (The University of Tokyo)
Hirotaka Yamamoto (The University of Tokyo) Sayaka Yanagida (Tokyo University of Science)
Hirotaka Yonezawa (The University of Tokyo)
Yuki Nakamura (The University of Tokyo) Chigako Yoshida (The University of Tokyo)
Eunjin Bae (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Winnie Chan (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Marina Dan (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Sara David (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Minami Fujisawa (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Jyunka Funaki (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Eri Hanzawa (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Kei Kaneshiro (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Shin Kim (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Minori Kunii (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Haein Lee (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Hiromu Narita (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Chokkaku Otobe (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Seinan Saku (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Gabriel Sato (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Safia Sexton (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Mutsumi Takase (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Kaho Takeda (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Nan Tang (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.) Aki Tempaku (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
Hidehiro Ushijima (Tokyo Metropolitan Kokusai H. S.)
129

IChO
Japan Committee