MOOD DISORDERS

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20 Mood Disorders Author details Andreea Letitia Arsene * , Niculina Mitrea, Dumitru Lupuliasa, Cristina Manuela Dragoi, Alina Crenguta Nicolae, Ion-Bogdan Dumitrescu, Dragos Florian Ciolan and Doina Draganescu *Address all correspondence to: andreeanitulescu@hotmail.com University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Faculty of Pharmacy, Bucharest, Ro‐ mania References [1] Appleton, K. M., et al. (2007). Type A behaviour and consumption of atherogenic di‐ et: No association in the PRIME study. Appetite, 46. [2] Arsene, A. L. (2011). Bipolar Disorder- A Portrait of a Complex Mood Disorder. Rije‐ ka: InTech. [3] Benfey, B. G., et al. (2001). Evaluation of sympathetic beta-receptor blockade by re‐ cording the rate of ventricular pressure rise in cats. Br. J. Pharmacol, 30, 23-29. [4] Bergquist, J., et al. (2002). Catecholamines and methods for their identification and quantitation in biological tissue and fluids. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 113, 1-13. [5] Brian, Koehler. (2005). Bipolar Disorder, Stress, and the HPA Axis. Available from. http://www.isps-us.org/koehler/bipolar_stress.htm. [6] Carolina-Rubalcava, López. (2012). Effects of Antidepressants. Rijeka: InTech. [7] Cristea, A., et al. (1997). The nervous behaviour of the adrenergic and opioid types during several pharmacologic tests. Farmacia, 45(2), 71-79. [8] Cristea, A., et al. (1994). The evolution of the painful sensitivity in acute and chronic stress. Rom. J. Phisyol. , 31(1-4), 75-79. [9] De Nayer, A., et al. (2002). Venlafaxine compared with fluoxetine in outpatients with depression and concomitant anxiety. The International Journal of Neuropsychopharma‐ cology, 5(2), 115-120, 1461-1457. [10] Duffield, G. E., et al. (2002). Programs of transcriptional activation, signaling and protein turnover revealed by microarray analysis of mammalian cells. Curr. Biol, 12, 551-557. [11] Eduardo, Vignoto. Fernandes. (2012). Effects of Antidepressants. Rijeka: InTech. [12] Hache, G., et al. (2012). Antinociceptive effects of fluoxetine in a mouse model of anxiety/depression. Neuroreport, 23(9), 525-529.
Murine Models for Developping an Individualized Neuropsychopharmacotherapy Based on the Behaviour Typology http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/53323 [13] Haynes, S. G., et al. (1978). The relationship of psychosocial factors to coronary heart disease in the Framingham Study: Methods and risk factors. Am.J.Epidemiol., 107. [14] Herman, S., et al. (1981). Self ratings of type A (coronary prone) adults. Psychosom. Med., 43(5), 405-413. [15] Ipek, Komsuoglu. Celikyurt. (2012). Effects of Antidepressants. Rijeka: InTech. [16] Jones, K. V. (1985). The thriel of victory: blood pressure, variability and type A be‐ havior pattern. J.Behav.Med., 8(3), 277-285. [17] Le Melledo, J. M., et al. (2001). The influence of Type A behavior pattern on the re‐ sponse to the panicogenic agent CCK-4. J. Psychosom. Res., 51. [18] Masse, F., et al. (2005). M.α2-adrenergic agonistas antagonise the anxiolytic-effect of antidepressants in the four-plate test in mice. Behav. Brain Research, 52, 174-176. [19] Meesters, C. M. G., & Smulders, J. (1994). Hostility and myocardial infarction in men. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38(7), 727-734. [20] Nascimento, et.al. . (2005). Pilocarpine induced status epilepticus:Monoamine level, muscarinic and dopaminergic receptors alterations in striatum of young rats. Neuro‐ science Letters, 383, 165-170. [21] Oedegaard, K. J., et al. (2006). Type A behaviour differentiates bipolar II from unipo‐ lar depressed patients. J.Behav.Pharmacol., 90. [22] Ortiz, J. G., et al. (2000). Plasticity of excitatory amino acid transporters in experimen‐ tal epilepsy. Epilepsia, 41, 104-110. [23] Owens, M., et al. (2008). Estimates of serotonin and norepinephrine transporter in‐ hibition in depressed patients treated with paroxetine or venlafaxine. Neuropsycho‐ pharmacology 0089-3133X, 33(13), 3201-3212. [24] Pacher, P., et al. (2001). Furst S.Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Fluoxetine And Citalo‐ pram Relax Intestinal Smooth Muscle. Can.J.Physiol.Pharmacol, 79, 580-584. [25] Papakostas, G., et al. (2008). A meta-analysis of clinical trials comparing mirtazapine with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for the treatment of major depressive dis‐ order. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 22(8), 843-848, 0269-8811. [26] Petit-Demouliere, B., Chenu, F., & Bourin, M. (2005). Forced swimming test in mice: a review of antidepressant activity. Psychopharmacology Berl, 177(3), 245-255. [27] Powell, L. H., et al. (1984). Can type A behavior be altered after myocardial infarc‐ tion? A second year report from the Recurreent Coronary Prevention Project. Psycho‐ som. Med., 46. [28] Rainer, Q., & Et, al. (2012). Functional status of somatodendritic serotonin 1A autore‐ ceptor after long-term treatment with fluoxetine in a mouse model of anxiety/depres‐ sion based on repeated corticosterone administration. Molecular pharmacology, 81(2), 106-112. 21
Page 1 and 2: MOOD DISORDERS Edited by Neşe Koca
Page 3: free online editions of InTech Book
Page 6 and 7: VI Contents Chapter 8 Mood Disorder
Page 9 and 10: Chapter 1 Murine Models for Develop
Page 11 and 12: Murine Models for Developping an In
Page 27: Murine Models for Developping an In
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 2 Depression and Glucose Me
Page 33 and 34: 2.2. Clinical symptoms Depression i
Page 35 and 36: al., 2011, in a group of more than
Page 37 and 38: Depression and Glucose Metabolism (
Page 39 and 40: psychosocial factors which associat
Page 43 and 44: ≤ 0.01 for all parameters). Reduc
Page 45 and 46: Scale Groups SSRI´s/SNRI´s N Mean
Page 47 and 48: studies and almost disappears in mo
Page 55 and 56: Depression: Classification, Culture
Page 61 and 62: Regier (2004, p. 25) describes the
Page 63 and 64: sation takes hold and a degree of c
Page 65 and 66: clear that lesser forms of unhappin
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70 Mood Disorders chapter; therefor
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72 Mood Disorders 7.2.1. Reinforcem
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74 Mood Disorders fect on the patie
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76 Mood Disorders Some patients may
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78 Mood Disorders will get up at 8
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80 Mood Disorders peutic setting un
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82 Mood Disorders detailed in this
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84 Mood Disorders 8.3. Cognitive te
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86 Mood Disorders and correctly und
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88 Mood Disorders Therapist: “Ima
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90 Mood Disorders 1. Analysis of be
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92 Mood Disorders [7] Wittchen, H.-
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94 Mood Disorders [36] Hollon, S.D.
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96 Mood Disorders [68] Yorbik, O.,
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98 Mood Disorders [103] Lindsley, D
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Mitochondrial Functions in Mood Dis
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Genetic defects or stress can cause
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Figure 2. Representation of process
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ain. Normally the H 2O 2 is then in
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ADP level State 1 Low State 2 High
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2.3.2. Uncoupling proteins Uncoupli
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Complex IV inhibitors KCN and sodiu
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pathogenesis of axonal degeneration
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3.3. Inflammatory and neurodegenera
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plete data exist on the effect of p
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4.3. Effects of mood stabilizers on
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Antidepressant Biological model Aff
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Mood stabilizer Biological model Af
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Long-Term Adaptive Changes Induced
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5-HT 1B/1D (-) SERT 5-HT 1A (-) [5-
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postsynaptic 5-HT 1A receptors in t
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3.3. Neurotrophins modulation by 5-
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BDNF levels before treatment, and a
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References Long-Term Adaptive Chang
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Biological Markers and Genetic Fact
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Collectively, serotonin receptor, T
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imaging and genetics have been emer
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198 Mood Disorders pressed. Already
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200 Mood Disorders cy may takes its
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202 Mood Disorders of the developin
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204 Mood Disorders 2.2.1. Touch and
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206 Mood Disorders found by Jung et
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208 Mood Disorders mize the risk of
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210 Mood Disorders [20] Misri S, Ko
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212 Mood Disorders [49] Melley M, C
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214 Mood Disorders [78] Rahman A, I
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216 Mood Disorders [106] Taylor A,
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218 Mood Disorders [134] Esquivel-S
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Cognitive Functions in Euthymic Bip
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4. Discussion 4.1. Cognitive functi
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poor functional outcome. Executive
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References Cognitive Functions in E
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242 Mood Disorders Figure 1. 2. Fat
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244 Mood Disorders 3.1. The role of
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246 Mood Disorders dylserine is syn
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248 Mood Disorders and 42 (Aβ 42)
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250 Mood Disorders about omega-3 fa
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252 Mood Disorders First, DHA compe
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254 Mood Disorders tained from the
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256 Mood Disorders [11] Salem, N.,
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258 Mood Disorders bind to retinoid
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260 Mood Disorders [67] Yao, J. K.,
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Chapter 11 Neuronal Insulin Recepto
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Neuronal Insulin Receptor Signaling
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involved in the various cognitive a
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