Psi and Psychedelics - Paranthropology - Weebly

PARANTHROPOLOGY: JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE PARANORMAL VOL. 2 NO. 2
the Society for Psychical Research
(Roney-Dougal, 1989).
2. Satyananda Saraswati, Swami
(1976/2000).
3. Satyananda Saraswati, Swami (1972).
4. Rivier and Lindgren (1971).
5. Deulofeu (1967).
6. Naranjo (1967).
7. Harner (1973/1978, p. 158).
8. Harner (1973/1978, p. 160).
9. Kensinger, in Harner (1973/1978, p.
12).
10. ibid.
11. Wurtman (1979).
12. Wiener (1968); Quay (1974).
13. Electricity and the Nervous System:
A nerve impulse is an electrical impulse
travelling at 100 feet per second. It is
formed by positive sodium ions and
negative ions moving across the nerve
membrane. This creates an electric
potential across the membrane which
gives the energy for the impulse to travel
down the membrane which discharges the
potential. There is then a lag while work
energy is expended by the cell to restore
the ion potential. Providing the stimulus
has a certain threshold strength the nerve
impulse will be triggered. At the end the
axon secretes chemicals called hormones
or neurotransmitters like adrenalin or
acetylcholine. These pass the message on
to the next stage — e.g. muscle — or
another nerve. Then they are destroyed by
enzymes. If they were not destroyed the
neurotransmitter would continue to
trigger nerve impulses and the nerve
system would run wild. There are three
types of nerve: sensory with dendrites
connected to sense receptors, their axons
connecting to other nerve cells; motor
nerves, whose dendrites connect to axons
of other nerves, but whose axons connect
to muscles or glands; and association
nerves which connect from one nerve to
another. In the brain these nerves connect
together to perform various functions as
follows: the medulla controls breathing,
heart function, blood pressure and
digestive system. The cerebellum
coordinates muscle movement. The
thalamus and hypothalamus control the
passage of sensory information, and
regulate body temperature, appetite, sleep
and similar functions as well as being the
seat of emotions. And the cerebrum is the
seat of conscious sensation, voluntary
movements, memory and intelligence, the
right and the left halves of the cerebrum
(or cerebral hemispheres) are concerned
with slightly different though overlapping
functions. Thus the left is concerned with
language, writing, logical analytical
thought, whilst the right processes music,
art, poetry and global holistic type
thought such as dreams. This was up to
date when I wrote it in 1991 – I am sure
that it is basically still true, but so much
research has occurred in this area in the
past twenty years that much more could
be said here!
14. Wiener (1968).
15. Most (1986).
16. ibid.
17. Ott (1976).
18. Ullman, Krippner and Vaughan
(1973).
19. Buckholtz (1980); Rollag (1982);
Naranjo (1967).
20. Pähkla, Zilmer, Kullisaar and Rägo
(1998).
21. Mclsaac (1961).
22. Langer et al. (1984).
23. Mclsaac, Khairallah and Page (1961).
24. Prozialeck et al. (1978).
25. Barker et al. (1981).
26. Rimon et al. (1984).
27. Strassman (2001); Callaway (2006).
28. Jacob & Presti (2005); Shulgin &
Shulgin (1997).
32 PARANTHROPOLOGY: JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE PARANORMAL