Volume XIII Number 1&2.pdf - The International Association of ...

PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE
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Proficiency Testing in Forensic Toxicology
As a result of the expanding nature of toxicology and
its many developing subspecialities-in the United
States, a variety of legislation intended to regulate
the standards of practice in toxicology laboratories
has been promulgated. It is now highly likely that in
the United States mandatory programs for Proficiency
Tesing in analytical forensic toxicology will be enforaed
within the very near future. It is my belief
that our Forensic speciality and analytical toxicology
methods applied to medico-legal investigation requires
special consideration and the parameters for evaluating
proficiency standards must be very carefully selected.
It is with these considerations in mind that I and my
fellow toxicologists at the Center For Human Toxicology
offer the following comments:
$

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The recipient of many professional honors and awards, some of his current activities
include Criminalist, Oklahoma Department of Public Safety and Oklahoma State Bureau of
Investigation; Consultant, Center for Disease Control a!1d National Bureau of Standards; Member,
Toxicology Resource Committee, College of American Pathologists; Past Chairman, Committee on
Alcohol and Drugs, National Safety Council. Since 1970 he has also served as State Director of
Chemical Tests for Alcoholic Influence, State of Oklahoma.
Dr. Dubowski served as Expert Consultant to the Executive Office of the President of the
United States from 1973 to 1975 and is a former Consultant to the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration, U. S. Department of Transportation; Food and Drug Administration, National
Institutes of Health, and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism of the Department of
HEW.
Established in 1948, the American Academy of Forensic Sciences consists of nine Sections
including Criminalistics, Jurisprudence, Odontology, Pathology/Biology, Physical Anthropology,
Psychiatry, Questioned Documents, Toxicology and a General Section which study and practice the
interdisciplinary development and application of scientific evidence to the processes of law.
Dr. Dubowski will succeed to the presidency of the Academy at the close of its 30th
Annual Meeting which will be held at the Chase-Park Plaza Hotel, St. Louis, February 21-24, 1978.

CHANGES OF ADDRESS
DR RAYMOND J BATH
ALLIED CHENICAL
POBOX l021R
MORRISTOWN NJ 07960
U.S.A.
GEORGE DIMOPOULOS ESQ
AGIOU MELETIOU 13 TT802
KYPSELI
ATHENS
GREECE
DR C REVES
21 SILVER ASPEN CRESCENT
OTTAWA ONTARIO
CANADA
KIB 3C3
ARTHUR HOWARD ESQ
CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTRE
DIV. OF RHEUMATOLOGY
WATFORD ROAD
HARROW
MIDDLESEX HAl 3UJ U.K.
JAMES R HOWENSTINE ESQ
2206 KUERBITZ DRIVE
LANSING MICHIGAN 48906
U.S.A.
H. JUDD ESQ
47 DOWNAGE
LONDON N.W.4
U.K.
JOSEPH E KOLES ESQ
6413 GATEWAY BLVD
DISTRICT HEIGHTS
MARYLAND 20028
U.S.A.
- 19 -
SHARON K LYNCH
LARAMIE COUNTY SHERIFF'S OFFIC E
POST OFFICE BOX 787
CHEYENNE WYOMING 82001
U.S.A.
MRS BETTY J PEACOCK
FeDeLE SANFORD REG. CRIME LAB
P.O. DRAWER 1737
1211 26thPLACE
SANFORD FLA 32771
U.S.A.
ELLIOTT SIMPSON ESQ
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY DEPT
MONKLANDS DIST. GENERAL HOSPITlL
MONKS COURT AVENUE
AIRDRIE LANARKSHIRE ML6 OJS
U.K ..
DR HUGH T SMART
3040 WILLOW STREET
VANCOUVER
B.C. CANADA
V5Z 3P3
NANCY SNELL
TOXICOLOGY CLINICAL LABS A7-177
CENTRE FOR THE HEALTH SCIENCES
UCLA HOSPITAL & CLINICS
LOS ANGELES CA 90024
U.S.A.
BETTY ANN WALKER
STATE CRIME LABORATORY
P.O. BOX 1644
. MOULTRIE GA 31768
U.S.A ..

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dissolved in ethanol. Qualification by TLC'; GLC and GC/MS and quantification
by GLC were performed.
,TI&. Kieselgel G, solvent methanol: ammonia ( 100 : 1.5), spray
acidic iQdoplatinate, Rf 0.7 for lidocaine.
GLC. Varian 140g, AFid, 3% OV-IZ 1.8 m column, T injector 250°C,
column 220C, detector 250 C, carrier gas N2 37 ml/min, ret.t.
0.15 relative to codeine for lidocaine.
GC/MS. Varien Kat
above: Mle
86
Quan ti fic a tion.
234
Blood
Urine
Brain
Heart muscle
Kidney
Liver
Spleen
111, ionization energy 80 eV, GLC conditions as
Corresp groups
CH2N(CzH 5 )z
C14H2ZNzO = M
Case 1.
33 ppm
10 "
21 n
57 n
56 "
23 "
53 ft
Rel abund
100
O.Z
Case 2.
6 ppm
3 "
4. PROCYCLIDINE DEATH - Michael Liddy and Irene Glettig, Forensic Tox.
Section, Div. of Analytical Labs. Health Commission of N.S.W.
Lidcombe, N.S.W. 2141 Australia.
Case History
.§.!!.: Female Age: 53
Poison Involved: Procyclidine
Time of interval between intake and death: Not known (max 1 day)
The deceased was found unconscious and died a few minutes later. The
deceased had been treated for numerous complaints and nervous condition
for several years.
Method of extraction:
Tissues were extracted from alkaline, then acid solutions with
chloroform.
Method of identification:
OV-l )5% on Chromo sorb W.5ft col), Oven Temp: 250 0
Retention Index = 2230
QF-l (4%, 5ft column) Oven Temp: 190 0
Retention Index = 2436
Method of quantitation:
OT-17 (3% on Gas chrom Q. 3ft column)
Oven temp: 220 0 C Retention index: 2490

References
- 35 -
(1) Davidow, B., Lipetri, N., and Quame, B
A thin layer chromatographic screening technique for detection
of drugs of abuse.
Amer. J. of Clin. Path., 1968, 22, 714.
(2) Clatworthy, A.J. Jones, L.V., and Whitehouse, M.J.
The Gas Chromatography)Mass Spectrometry of the major metabolites
of flurazepam.
IN PRESS - Journal of Biomedical Mass Spectroscopy_
15. FATAL TRICHLOROETHYLENE POISONING - G. Tadjer and M. Gampel, Dept.
of Toxicology, and E. Daniels-Phillips, Dept. of Pathology, The
Institute of Forensic Medicine, Israel.
Case History
An adult male worker ag.ed 57 years was brought to the hospital
at midnight and soon lapsed into coma. At his place of work a bottle
of trichloroethylene was found and it was suspected that the patient
had drank of it either intentionally or accidentally' ..
Pathology"
1.
2.
Lungs - heavy, congested and oedematous.
Liver - enlarged with yellowish areas.
Determination - Spectrophotometry
A. Trichloroethylene was seperated by microdiffusion using the
Conway unit (1) directly from blood, urine and homogenised tissues. The
Trichloroethylene passed into toluene and after. adding pyridin and NaOH
sol. heated in the waterbath. The resulting .red colour was measured at
530 nm (2).
B. Trichloroacetic acid was extracted with ether (3) from
blood, urine and homogenised tissues after the diffusing proc.edure. The
ether extract was evaporated, then heated with KOH sol. in boiling waterbath.
pyridin was added, again heated, and the resulting red colour immediately
read on Spectrophometer at 370 nm (3)
Results of Analysis
Urine from 13.5.76
Urine from 15.5.76
Blood.
Liver
Brain
Lungs
Kidney
Stomach contents
References
Trichloroethylene
in mg %
0.24
3 .. 22
0 .. 70
2 .. 54
0.23
0.16
1 .. 80
2 .. 00
Trichloroacetate
in mg %
0.02
0.03
0.01.
0.50
0.06
0 .. 04
0 .. 03
0.02
(I) Conway II E"Jo Microdiffusion Analysis and Volumetric Error.
De Van Nostrand COe, 1950
(2) Milton Feldstein and N .. C. Klendshoj. The Determination of
Volatile Substances by Microdiffusion Analysis. J. Foren. Seien.
2, No 1, 1957 p 39 -57 ..
(3) C.H. Thienes and TeJ. Halley, Clinical Toxicology, 4th edition
p 405 - 406 1964.

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Please submit details of unusual cases to J.V. Jackson, Metropolitan
Police Laboratory, 109 Lambeth Road, LONDON. SEI 7JH U.K. in the
following form.
Sex: Age:
Poison involved:
Time of interval between intake and death:
Method of extraction:
Method of identification:
Method of quantitation:
Were recovery experiments done and has a correction factor for losses
been applied in reporting results?- Yes/No. If "Yes" give details.
Details of other drugs or poisons involved;
Results of analyses on *ante/post mortem samples:
(If ante mortem give time 1ntervalbetween intake and sample taking.)
Significant postmortem findings:
Submitted by:
* delete as- required.

A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF GC AND GC-MS
APPLICATIONS IN TOXICOLOGY: 1972-75
BY
* . *
LADISLAV KOPJAK , THOMAS A. JENNISON ,
AND R.K. MUELLER+
*Center For Human Toxicology, Univers ity of Utah, SLC, Utah
+Instituts f. Gerichtl. Medizin, Karl-Marx-University, Leipzig
PUBLISHED: JUNE 1976
1. AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FORENSIC SCIENCES. TOXICOLOGY BULLETIN
2. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF FORENSIC TOXICOLOGISTS BULLETIN
WORK SUPPORTED BY: FINNIGAN CORPORATION, SUNNYVALE, CALIFORNIA