Chapter 2 Forging

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Objectives • This chapter provides fundamental of metal working process for forging in order to understand mathematical approaches used in the calculation of applied forging loads required to cause plastic deformation to give the final product. • Classification of metal forging methods is also provided with descriptions of defects observed from the forging processes. • The solutions to tackle such defects will also be addressed. Tapany Udomphol Suranaree University of Technology Jan-Mar 2007
Introduction • <strong>Forging</strong> is the working of metal into a useful shape by hammering or pressing. • The oldest of the metalworking arts (primitive blacksmith). • Replacement of machinery occurred during early the Industrial revolution. • <strong>Forging</strong> machines are now capable of making parts ranging in size of a bolt to a turbine rotor. • Most forging operations are carried out hot, although certain metals may be cold-forged. Tapany Udomphol www.prime-metals.com www.eindiabusiness.com Suranaree University of Technology Jan-Mar 2007
Page 1: Forging Subjects of interest • In
Page 5 and 6: Forging operations Fullers come in
Page 7 and 8: Classification of forging processes
Page 9 and 10: Hammer and press forging processes
Page 11 and 12: Belt Forging hammer or drop hammer
Page 13 and 14: Power hammer Power hammer • Power
Page 15 and 16: Example: Hydraulic Press forging
Page 17 and 18: Typical values of velocity for diff
Page 19 and 20: Open-die forging • Open-die forgi
Page 21 and 22: illet Closed-die forging operation
Page 23 and 24: Example: Die set and forging steps
Page 25 and 26: Shape classification •The degree
Page 27 and 28: Preform design is the most difficul
Page 29 and 30: General considerations for preform
Page 31 and 32: Note: Die materials Required proper
Page 33 and 34: Die materials Die life can be incre
Page 35 and 36: Calculation of forging loads The to
Page 37 and 38: We have engineering strain in compr
Page 39 and 40: • Consider the force acting on a
Page 41 and 42: As the frictional force µσ µσy
Page 43 and 44: The total forging load, P, is given
Page 45 and 46: Example: The flash has high deforma
Page 47 and 48: In the case of sticky friction, if
Page 49 and 50: The mean forging load (in the stick
Page 51 and 52: Forming textures Redistribution of
Page 53 and 54:
Residual stresses in forging • Th
Page 55 and 56:
Typical forging defects • Pitted
Page 57 and 58:
Summary • Mainly hot forging - Bl
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Chapter 2 Forging

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