Literature Review on Use of Nonwood Plant Fibers for Building ...

chips were impregnated with water-2 percent Na 2CO 3
solution or sulfuric acid (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 percent), then
cooked at 173°C for 5 to 45 min. After refining, the pulp was
formed into sheets and pressed at 180°C and a pressure of
2.9 MPa for 11 min. Pretreatment with dilute sulfuric acid
gave boards of good strength, but pulp yield was low.
Satisfactory boards and pulp yield were obtained with waterimpregnated
chips. Water resistance of the boards can be
improved considerably by subsequent heat treatment at
150°C to 170°C for 4 h.
270. Sano, Y.; Nagasawa, S. 1959. Studies on the production
of fiberboards from bamboo. II. On the manufacture of
Mosochiku by high-temperature cooking and high-pressure
defibering and other experiments. Bull. 126 of the Government
Forest Experiment Station: 51-61. [Japanese].
Summary: Fiberboards were prepared from various bamboos
and bamboo-wood mixtures by the high temperature/high
pressure Asplund process. Pulp yields of 60 to 70 percent
were obtained in 20 to 25 min cooking time. The boards
showed good strength properties but water resistance of
unsized boards was inadequate; hence the addition of a
sizing agent. Atmospheric refined boards generally had
better properties than Asplund refined boards. Addition of
hardwood chips further improved board properties.
271. Shepardson, R.M. 1959. Composition containing
bamboo particles and thermosetting resin. Patent, P.N.: US
2898314, I.D.: 590804.
Summary: Green bamboo is ground to 16-mesh, dehydrated
to one-third its original weight, mixed with 20 percent ureaformaldehyde
resin and 1 percent paraffin wax, and pressed
so that 10.16 cm of the original material is decreased to
2.22-cm thickness after 20 min at 149°C and 10.3 MPa. The
product is useful for mounting electro-typing and engraving
plates.
272. Singh, M.M. 1960. Pressed boards from bamboo dust.
Indian Pulp and Paper. 15(3): 201, 203.
Summary: Laboratory experiments carried out at the Indian
Forest Research Institute on the manufacture of hardboard
from bamboo dust by the wet process are described. Results
were not encouraging.
(Also see references 6, 9, 122, and 358.)
Insulation Board
273. Aung, T.; Kha, M.M. 1969. Thermal properties of
insulating boards made from Burmese bamboo. Union of
Burma Journal of Science and Technology. 2(1): 215-219.
(no abstract available)
(Also see references 6, 267, and 356.)
Cement/Gypsum/Plaster Board
274. Bose, T.N. 1950. Use of bamboo as reinforcement in
Portland cement concrete. Journal of the Association of
Engineers (India). 26(2): 52-62.
Summary: Various types of satisfactory bamboo building
boards were produced by substituting imported phenol with
cashew nut shell liquid that yields a water-resistant adhesive
when condensed with formalin in the presence of xylene and
small amounts of aqueous NaOH. The physical properties of
the boards obtained are tabulated.
275. Chen, T.Y.; Shueh, S.H. 1985. Studies on cement
bonded bamboo particleboard and bamboo bars for reinforcing
concrete. Forest Products Industries. 4(2): 2-16.
[Chinese; German, and English summaries].
Summary: Particleboards were made from moso bamboo
(Phyllostachis edulis) shavings and Portland cement to a
density of 1 g/cm 3 . The effects of water:cement ratio and
mortar content on bending and compression strengths were
investigated. The effects of mixing China fir (Cunninghamia
lanceolata) with the bamboo were also studied. The mixing
of the China fir with the bamboo increased the compressive
strength but decreased the bending strength of the boards.
Thermal conductivity of the particleboards was improved by
reducing the moisture content. Bamboo, concrete, and steel
bars were compared with regard to their coefficient of linear
expansion, modulus of elasticity, and yield and tensile
strengths.
(Also see reference 175.)
Plastic/Plastic-Bonded Board
276. Jain, S.; Kumar, R.; Jindal, U.C. 1992. Mechanical
behaviour of bamboo and bamboo composite. Journal of
Materials Science. 27(17): 4598-4604.
Summary: The tensile, flexural, and impact strengths of
bamboo and bamboo fiber reinforced plastic composite were
evaluated. The high strengths of bamboo, in the fiber
direction, were explained by its anatomical properties and
ultra structure. Bamboo fibers and bamboo orthogonal strip
mats were used to reinforce epoxy resin. Bamboo fiberreinforced
plastic composites with unidirectional, bidirectional,
and multidirectional strengths were made. In bamboo
mat composites, the fiber volume fraction achieved was as
high as 65 percent. The tensile, flexural, and impact strengths
of bamboo along the fibers were 200.5 MPa, 230.09 MPa,
and 63.54 kJ/m 2 , respectively, whereas those of bamboo fiber
composites and bamboo mat composites were 175.27 MPa,
151.83 MPa, and 45.6 kJ/m 2 , and 110.5 MPa, 93.6 MPa, and
34.03 kJ/m 2 , respectively. These composites possess a close
linear elastic behavior.
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