Literature Review on Use of Nonwood Plant Fibers for Building ...

497. Tamura, Y.; Tanaka, R.; Goma, T. 1992. Laminated
materials prepared from annual plant straws, stalks and
wastes. Assignee: Koyo Sangyo KK. Patent, P.N.:
JP 04047902, I.D.: 920218. [Japanese].
Summary: Laminated materials prepared from annual plant
straws, stalks, and wastes are used for walling, display, and
insulation. The boards are prepared from sheets containing,
as the structural part, straight, dimensionally cut, optionally
depithed and flattened, and aligned stalks of corn, kaoliang,
bagasse, wheat, and rice stalks, and binder from wastes
obtained from chopping process, such as leaves, sheath,
knots, and pitches after solubilizing them with phenol, and
allowing to react with formaldehyde in the presence of acid
or base catalyst. The use of additional adhesive resins is also
claimed.
498. Tsolov. V. 1985. Boards from beech fibres and agricultural
wastes. Gorsko Stopanstvo Gorska Promishlenost.
41(6): 15-17. [Bulgarian].
Summary: Fiberboards were manufactured using beech
fibers mixed with fibers from hemp, vine, tobacco, cotton,
raspberry, maize, and sunflower stalks. The agricultural
wastes comprised 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 percent of the fiber
mixture. The press schedule was 6.0, 1.2, and 3.5 MPa for
75, 480, and 600 s, respectively, at a temperature of 185°C to
190°C. The physical and mechanical properties of the boards
were represented graphically. All of the wastes were suitable
for board manufacture but best results were obtained for
hemp and tobacco. Board density and strength decreased
with increasing proportion of agricultural wastes in the fiber
mixture. Boards of Bulgarian Class I can be produced with
up to 18 percent of agricultural wastes in the mixture.
499. Wingfield, B.; Naffziger, T.R.; Whittemore, E.R.;
Overman, C.B.; Sweeny, O.R.; Acree, S.F. 1936. Production
of pressboard from cornstalks. Misc. Pub. M123. United
States National Bureau of Standards. 10 p.
Summary: This study focused on optimal conditions for
producing pressboard from cornstalks. Cooking the stalks
under pressure before fiberizing yielded stronger pulps than
an exclusively mechanical treatment did. Proper pressure
conditions were 150°C and 3.4 MPa. The best sizing results
were obtained by impregnation of the finished board;
however, sizing in the beater is more economical.
(Also see references 137, 488, 491, 678, and 862.)
Insulation Board
500. Arnold, L.K. 1930. Making insulation board from
cornstalks. Cellulose. 1: 272-275.
Summary: A process for the manufacture of insulation board
from cornstalks is described. Stalks are digested for 2 h
under 689.5 kPa pressure, after having been broken up with a
cutter and a swing-hammermill. Rosin size is added to the
washed stock before refining, then the board is formed on a
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special machine. The stalks can also be disintegrated,
without previous cooking, in a Bauer refiner.
501. Arnold, L.K. 1938. Acoustical board from cornstalk
pulp. Paper Industry. 20(5): 47-50.
Summary: This paper indicates that it is possible to make
excellent acoustical boards from cornstalks. The absorption
coefficient may be varied over a wide range, and depends on
pulp composition, number of grooves, and number of holes.
Results of tests are given.
502. Arnold, L.K. 1938. Low-temperature drying of
cornstalk insulating board. Paper Industry. 20(1): 48-5 1.
Summary: At room temperature and low humidity, drying of
insulating board made from cornstalk required about 4 days
whereas about 2 weeks were necessary at summer temperatures
and humidities. Very little drying occurred at temperatures
below the freezing point.
503. Arnold, L.K.; Gleaves, D.L. 1935. The adsorption of
zinc chloride by cornstalk insulating board pulp. Paper Trade
Journal. 98(24): 31-33.
Summary: Decay of cornstalk insulating board can be
retarded by adding zinc chloride to the refined mixture
before forming into a wet mat. Part of the preservative is
firmly adsorbed by the pulp. An analytical method was
developed to study the adsorption of zinc chloride by the
board pulp.
504. Arnold, L.K.; Plagge, H.J.; Anderson, D.E. 1937.
Cornstalk acoustical board. Bull. 137. Ames, IA: Iowa
Engineering Experiment Station. 47 p.
Summary: Sound absorption properties of various acoustical
boards made from cornstalks and the effect of pulp composition
and surface treatment were studied. Results showed that
cornstalks can be utilized as a raw material for acoustical
boards.
505. Emley, W.E. 1929. Insulating board from cornstalks.
Paper Trade Journal. 88(25): 61-62.
Summary: This paper gives an outline of cooperative work
between Iowa State College (Ames, Iowa) and the Bureau of
Standards (from 1927 to 1929) on the semicommercial
experimental work on insulation boards constructed from
cornstalks.
506. Fattah, A.; Rahman, S.M.F. 1966. Studies on the
thermal and electrical insulation properties of boards made
from waste materials indigenous (to Pakistan). Science and
Industry (Pakistan). 4(1): 31-40.
Summary: Studies of the thermal and electrical properties of
boards made from waste material (corn husk, jute sticks and
cutting waste, and sawdust) indigenous to Pakistan were
reported. The waste materials were mixed in various