Milkfish Production and Processing ... - WorldFish Center

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Milkfish Production and Processing Technologies in the Philippines Table 14. Comparative investment requirements of major culture methods in earthen ponds. Culture System Extensive Modular Semi-Intensive Intensive Capital Outlay Improvements 0,000 40,000 55,000 55,000 Equipment ,000 ,000 1 5,000 195,000 Sub-Total ,000 4 ,000 180,000 50,000 Working Capital 45,500 8,7 7 17 ,676 48,695 TOTAL 67,500 70,7 7 5 ,676 598,695 Table 15. Comparative costs and returns of different culture methods in earthen ponds. Item Extensive Modular Semi-Intensive Intensive Production 1,800 , 14 7,19 11,988 Sales 1 4,999 161,97 5 9,460 899,100 Less: Variable costs Milkfish fingerlings 10,800 18,511 4 , 00 7 ,000 Lime ,750 ,750 ,750 ,750 Chicken manure 4,000 ,960 Supplemental feed 4, 00 6,57 45 ,146 1-0-0 1,950 ,900 1,950 90 45-0-0 ,700 ,160 ,700 540 16- 0-0 11, 00 19, 00 5,600 1,600 Direct Labor ,000 9,000 ,000 ,000 Gasoline & oil 0,000 80,000 Caretaker 1 ,000 1 ,000 1 ,000 1 ,000 Repairs & maintenance ,000 ,000 5,000 5,000 Harvesting cost 5,400 6,94 1,578 5,964 Caretaker’s incentive ,171 ,967 , 11 8,679 Subtotal 9 ,171 115, 90 77,56 706,069 Fixed costs Depreciation 4,400 8,400 6,000 50,000 Pond rental 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 Subtotal 19,400 ,400 51,000 65,000 Total Costs 11 ,571 1 8,790 4 8,56 771,069 Net income before tax ,4 8 ,18 110,898 1 8,0 1 Undiscounted economic indicators Unit Cost of Production 6 .54 59.98 59.58 64. Return on Investment % % 1% 1% Payback Period 5 45
46 Part Four CULTURE IN PENS AND CAGES 22. MILKFISH PEN AND CAGE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS Farming in pens and cages of milkfish is the most favorable solution in increasing fish production without further conversion of wetlands and mangroves into aquaculture ponds. Pens and cages are high production systems, relatively simple and less expensive to construct but would require a large amount of working capital due to high cost of commercial feeds in sites where feeding is needed. These two culture methods have high returns but can be considered high risk on account of natural calamities such as typhoons, drought, and fish kills due to pollution, dissolved oxygen depletion, and plankton blooms. 23. PEN CULTURE METHOD 23.1 Description of the Pen Culture Method 23.1.1 Pen Culture in Eutrophic Freshwater Lakes The farming of milkfish in pens is undertaken in freshwater lakes, brackishwater areas, and in shallow coastal marine waters. In eutrophic (plankton-rich) lakes and bays the milkfish feed mainly on plankton and also forage for food at the bottom. However, there are times that supplementary feeding may be required especially when stocked at higher densities or natural food becomes depleted. Pen operators in Laguna de Bay (pen area ranges from 1-400 ha with an average water depth meters) stock 0,000 to 50,000 fingerlings per hectare which equals 1 fish per m . The fish grow to market size ( 50- 00 g) in 4 to 8 months with survival of 60-80% and yield from 4,000 kg/ha to as high as 10,000 kg/ha. 23.1.2 Pen Culture in Marine and Brackishwater pens Marine and brackishwater pens are generally smaller in size (500–1,600 m ). The depth, area and speed of the water current at the culture grounds determine the culture density (6–1 ) fingerlings per m . Commercial formulated diet containing 7- 1% protein is fed daily at -4 times a day starting from stocking till harvest.
Page 1 and 2: Milkfish Production and Processing
Page 3 and 4: Milkfish Production and Processing
Page 5 and 6: 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TECHNOLOGY DEVE
Page 7 and 8: 6 1 meter depth of water, and an in
Page 9 and 10: 8 Part One DEVELOPMENT OF MILKFISH
Page 11 and 12: 10 With the problem pinpointed to t
Page 13 and 14: 1 Why the commercialization of milk
Page 15 and 16: 14 d) Seawater source from a bay or
Page 17 and 18: 16 • As soon as the fish recovers
Page 19 and 20: Antonio Villaluz Antonio Villaluz 1
Page 21 and 22: 0 Figure 8. Milkfish tank hatchery
Page 23 and 24: Table 3. Costs and returns of diffe
Page 25 and 26: 4 c) Avoid high acidic soil charact
Page 27 and 28: Pangantihon-Kuhlmann, (1996) 6 the
Page 29 and 30: 8 • If the fingerlings are to be
Page 31 and 32: 0 preparation procedures indicated
Page 33 and 34: ange is 6.5-8.5; above or below thi
Page 35 and 36: 4 c) If the fingerlings come from t
Page 37 and 38: 6 g) Begin selective harvesting at
Page 39 and 40: 8 is above 5 ppt, gradually add pon
Page 41 and 42: 40 commercial nurseries (cost of pr
Page 43 and 44: 4 19.3 By Gill Net This method is u
Page 45: 44 21.3 Tidal Fluctuations and Freq
Page 49 and 50: 48 Antonio Villaluz Figure 14. Fish
Page 51 and 52: 50 to days. The following are the f
Page 53 and 54: 5 00-500 grams is usually from 6-8
Page 55 and 56: 54 Antonio Villaluz The weight and
Page 57 and 58: 56 24.4 Inputs • Harvest • Main
Page 59 and 60: 58 k) Start harvest when the milkfi
Page 61 and 62: 60 Be that as it may wild-caught fr
Page 63 and 64: 6 preparation of various products t
Page 65 and 66: 64 metals, biotoxin and histamine,
Page 67 and 68: 66 tion process and generally persi
Page 69 and 70: 68 color to the product. The deboni
Page 71 and 72: 70 Box 9. Canned Rellenong Bangus (
Page 73 and 74: 7 Box 11. Bottled Bangus in Tomato
Page 75 and 76: 74 Box 15. Fishball (BFAR) Ingredie
Page 77 and 78: 76 Box 18. Conversion of Milkfish O
Page 79 and 80: 78 complex process, requires higher
Page 81 and 82: 80 Anon. 004. An overview of the Ph
Page 83 and 84: 8 Laboratory, TML Conference Procee
Page 85 and 86: 84 Gapasin, R.S.J. and C.L. Marte.
Page 87 and 88: 86 College of Fisheries, University
Page 89 and 90: 88 Research Results, Binangonan Res
Page 91 and 92: 90 Appendix A Generic HACCP Plan fo
Page 93 and 94: 9 Continued from page 91 Appendix T
Page 95 and 96: 94 Appendix B Generic HACCP Plan fo
Page 97:
96 Continued from page 95 Appendix
show all

Milkfish Production and Processing ... - WorldFish Center

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?