Drivers Pocketbook - Sydney Airport

DRIVERS POCKETBOOK
June 2012
ABN 62 082 578 809
3
CATEGORY
4

CONTACT DETAILS
SACL Airside Driving Centre (ADC):
Phone: (02) 9667 9079
Email: adasvc@syd.com.au
Appointments:
www.airsidedrivingcentre.timetrade.com
Airside Driving Centre
Sydney Airport Corporation Ltd
Locked Bag 5000
Sydney International Airport
NSW 2020

CONTENTS
Introduction 1
Definitions 2
General Traffic Control 5
Who can Drive Airside? 7
Obtaining an ADA
Renewing your ADA
7
Suspension, withdrawal or
8
disqualification of an ADA
Important Safety Rules 10
Safety Around Aircraft 15
Vehicles 18
Airside Markers, Markings & Signs 20
Apron & Taxilane Markings 24
Typical Apron Markings 28
Runway & Taxiway Markings 29
Other Visual Aids 34
Other General Safety Tips 35
Vehicle Operations near Runways 37
Restrictions for Airside Leased Areas 39
Penalties 39
Rapid Exit Taxiways 41
Radio Procedures 41
Operating on the Manoeuvring Area 45
Radio Failure whilst on the
47
Manoeuvring Area
Light Signals from the Control Tower 48
Safety Summary 50
Appendix A Airport Map
Appendix B Drivers Log Sheet

INTRODUCTION
This Pocketbook has been produced by Sydney
Airport Corporation Limited (SACL) in the interests
of promoting driving safety on the Airside of
Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport.
It is a quick reference guide to explain the main
rules which apply to all drivers operating Airside,
and should be read in conjunction with the more
detailed „Airside Vehicle Control Handbook‟
(AVCH), which is available from your employer or
from the SACL website www.sydneyairport.com.au
To be able to drive Airside you will need to study
this book and pass the SACL driving test, hold a
current Aviation Security Identification Card
(ASIC), and a current State or Territory driver‟s
licence.
This booklet contains information that will assist
you to satisfactorily complete your Authority to
Drive Airside (ADA) tests. It is recommended that
you study this pocketbook before attempting the
SACL driving tests.
Copies of this Pocketbook are available from the
SACL Airside Driving Centre (02) 9667 9079 or
from the SACL website www.sydneyairport.com.au
Version 2012.2 1 SACL Safety

DEFINITIONS
Airfield Operations Officer
A SACL representative appointed by the Secretary
to the Department of Infrastructure, Transport,
Regional Development and Local Government as
an Authorised Person to enforce Commonwealth
Regulations.
Airport
Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport.
Airside
That part of the Airport designated as Airside and
to which the general public does not have free
access.
Airside Traffic Infringement Notice (ATIN)
An infringement notice issued by an Authorised
Person, following a breach of the Regulations for
Driving Airside or Rules for Driving Airside as set
out in the AVCH and Drivers‟ Pocketbook.
AOCC
Airport Operations Coordination Centre.
Apron
That part of an Airport used: for the purpose of
enabling passengers to board or disembark from
aircraft; for loading cargo onto or unloading cargo
from aircraft; and / or for refuelling, parking or
carrying out light maintenance on aircraft.
ASIC
Aviation Security Identification Card.
ATC
Air Traffic Control.
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Authority to Drive Airside (ADA)
An ADA issued in accordance with Commonwealth
Regulations (also called, Airside driver‟s licence).
Authority for Use Airside
An Authority issued in accordance with
Commonwealth Regulations (e.g. Airside vehicle
registration).
AVCH
Airside Vehicle Control Handbook.
Escort
An ADA holder who accompanies a vehicle and
accepts responsibility for its use on Airside areas.
Landside
That portion of the Airport not designated Airside
and to which the general public normally has free
access.
Low Visibility
Special procedures implemented by Air Traffic
Control and the aerodrome operator to protect the
Runways. Activated at a trigger point when
weather conditions are above the minima or the
forecast is that the visibility will reduce to below
800m and / or cloud base is below 200ft.
Manoeuvring Area
That part of the Airport used for the takeoff, landing
and taxiing of aircraft, excluding Aprons (eg.
Taxiways and Runways).
Markings
A line, symbol or group of symbols / lines
displayed on the surface of the Movement Area in
order to convey information.
Version 2012.2 3 SACL Safety

Movement Area
That part of the Airport that is used for the surface
movement of aircraft including Manoeuvring Areas
and Aprons.
Rapid Exit Taxiway (RET)
A Taxiway that enables higher than normal exit
speeds off a Runway.
Runway / Taxiway Strip
A specific area on each side of the Runway /
Taxiway designed to reduce the risk of damage to
an aircraft should it run off the Runway / Taxiway.
SACL
Sydney Airport Corporation Limited, the operator of
the Airport.
Version 2012.2 4 SACL Safety

GENERAL TRAFFIC CONTROL
The Commonwealth Regulations set out rules in
relation to the operation of Vehicles Airside. SACL
is authorised to enforce those rules on both drivers
and companies. The rules are in place to protect
you and others.
Drivers are required to carry a current ADA, a
current State or Territory driver‟s licence and
display a current ASIC at all times while Airside.
Unless escorted any motorised Vehicle being
driven must be Airside registered and display a
current AUA.
The Manoeuvring Area (Runways and Taxiways) is
subject to clearance by Airservices Australia‟s Air
Traffic Control (ATC).
To operate on these areas, drivers must use a
radio equipped (ATC frequencies) vehicle, hold an
„Aircraft Radiotelephone Operators Certificate of
Proficiency‟, hold a current ADA Category 3 or 4
licence and ensure the vehicle they are using has
an amber rotating beacon fitted.
Version 2012.2 5 SACL Safety

Aviation Security Identification Card (ASIC)
An ASIC must be displayed at all times when
Airside.
Authority to Drive Airside (ADA)
An ADA must be carried at all times when driving
Airside unescorted.
Authority to Use Airside (AUA)
An AUA must be displayed by all vehicles moving
about the Airside unescorted.
Version 2012.2 6 SACL Safety

WHO CAN DRIVE AIRSIDE?
No person shall drive a Vehicle unescorted on the
Airside unless the person holds a current ADA
valid for that area of operation; and
a. Understands the regulations and
restrictions which apply to the Movement
Area,
b. The vehicle has a current AUA,
c. The person is the holder of a valid ASIC,
d. The person holds a current State or
Territory Driver‟s Licence (this must be
produced on request by an Authorised
Person),
e. The person has an operational need to
drive unescorted on the Airside frequently.
CATEGORIES OF ADA’s
The following categories indicate where a driver is
authorised to operate. Refer also to the map
shown in Appendix A and the AVCH.
Category 2 – Airside Roads and Aprons
only.
Category 3 – Airside Roads, Aprons and
Taxiways only.
Category 4 – All Airside Areas.
OBTAINING AN ADA
Before applying for an Authority to Drive Airside
(ADA), a driver must satisfy the following criteria:
1. Be a driver of a Vehicle for a minimum
of 8 hours on the Manoeuvring Area
accompanied in the Vehicle by an
experienced driver who has an ADA
equivalent or higher than the Category
Version 2012.2 7 SACL Safety

of licence being applied for. This
includes at least:
6 hours during the day; and
2 hours at night.
2. Hold a Radiotelephone Operators
Certificate of Proficiency issued
through CASA by an approved
delegate.
3. Complete the driver training log
(Appendix B) at the completion of each
training session and have it signed by
the ADA holder who you were driving
with.
4. Be able to comprehend any visual
signals that may be issued by ATC.
5. Complete and obtain 100% in the
SACL theory (including geography)
and driving practical tests.
For Category 4 drivers Runway crossings must
form part of their training.
Note: If you are unsuccessful at obtaining 100%
you may re-sit the test after a mandatory study /
training period of no less than 72 hours.
Application forms are available from the SACL
Airside Driving Centre or online at
www.sydneyairport.com.au
Renewing your ADA
An ADA is valid for 24 months unless a shorter
period of time has been specified at the time of
issue.
Version 2012.2 8 SACL Safety

It is the responsibility of the authorised driver to
ensure that he or she re-sits the required SACL
theory and practical driving tests prior to the expiry
of the ADA.
1. If an ADA holder is notified by the SACL
Manager Airport Safety that their ADA has
been cancelled, withdrawn or suspended, that
driver must surrender it to the SACL Airside
Driving Centre:
Immediately if notified while in charge of a
Vehicle Airside; or
Otherwise within 72 hours of notification.
Notice of suspension, cancellation or
withdrawal may be given:
a. Orally or in writing to the driver in
person; or
b. In writing, sent to the address shown
in the original application for the ADA
or any changed address as
subsequently advised by the driver.
2. If you accumulate 12 or more de-merit points
in any 36 month period you may lose your
ADA. You have 7 days to “show cause” why
your ADA should not be withdrawn for up to 12
months.
3. If your ADA is revoked, then prior to sitting for
your ADA you will be required to:
Have further driver training; and / or
Re-sit your theory test; and / or
Undertake a practical driving test.
If the SACL Manager Airport Safety suspends or
withdraws an ADA, the driver‟s Vehicle operator,
Version 2012.2 9 SACL Safety

usually your employer, may be given written notice
stating the reason for such action.
If a person or company acts in contravention of the
AVCH, SACL may:
a. Suspend or withdraw an ADA or
AUA; and / or
b. Impose de-merit points which may
lead to suspension or withdrawal
of the ADA.
IMPORTANT SAFETY RULES
Drivers on the Manoeuvring Area must obey all
instructions given by Air Traffic Control.
Documentation
You must at all times carry in your possession
your:
ASIC
Authority to Drive Airside (ADA)
State or Territory Driver‟s Licence
The vehicle you are driving must have a valid AUA.
Seat Belts
If your vehicle is fitted with a seat belt, it is
mandatory that you wear it at all times whilst
driving Airside.
Beacons
All vehicles operating on the Movement Area (e.g.
Aprons) must carry an amber rotating beacon or
amber flashing light. These must be activated
during periods of declared low visibility and during
Version 2012.2 10 SACL Safety

the hours of darkness. Beacons must be activated
at all times whilst on the manoeuvring area.
Driving Safely
Drivers must not drive in a manner likely to
endanger aircraft or the safety of any person.
No Seat No Ride
A vehicle must not operate with a passenger load
in excess of its designated capacity. Remember
No Seat No Ride
Drugs and Alcohol
Drivers must not drive while under the influence of
alcohol or drugs.
No Smoking
All areas Airside on Sydney Airport are designated
as a „No Smoking Area‟. Smoking is prohibited in
vehicles operating Airside.
Driving – Speed Limits
Whilst Airside, you must obey all signs and, unless
indicated otherwise, adhere to the following speed
limits:
Location Speed
Within 3 metres of an aircraft

The speeds indicated are the maximum for that
area. It is your responsibility to use caution and
drive to suit the existing circumstances and
environmental conditions.
Right of Way
Vehicles travelling on Airside Roadways have right
of way over vehicles entering or crossing
roadways.
All aircraft have right of way over all other
vehicles.
Safety Vehicles
If you see a safety vehicle positioned across the
Airside Road with beacons flashing then STOP.
Do not proceed until you are given the all clear
signal.
All instructions issued by SACL Officers must
be adhered to.
Mobile Phones
If you have a mobile phone you must not operate a
Vehicle whilst answering, attempting to answer,
dialling on or otherwise using a hand held mobile
phone. Hands free devices may be used.
The use of a mobile phone is not permitted within
15m of a fuel hydrant point, aircraft filling point or
vent outlet when an aircraft is being refuelled.
Version 2012.2 12 SACL Safety

Secure Load
Drivers are responsible for the load they carry
therefore it must be secure. This includes all loose
material, garbage, plastic or waste paper. The
driver must ensure the load is adequately covered
and secured to prevent spillage. Foreign Object
Debris (FOD) is a hazard to aircraft. Accordingly
any material lost must be picked up immediately.
Stop, go back, collect and secure the material.
Low Visibility Conditions
Under declared Low Visibility conditions, all nonessential
Vehicles operating Airside shall cease
operations. Any Vehicles needing to operate on or
near aircraft Apron areas must exercise extreme
caution.
Spills
Spills can arise from a wide variety of sources, with
the two most common being ground servicing
equipment and aircraft. Spills are a hazard to the
operation of the airport, to the environment and for
those working on the Apron area.
If you become aware of a spill please contact the
AOCC on 9667 9921 / 9981 or if it is an
emergency situation 9667 9090
Version 2012.2 13 SACL Safety

Overtaking other Vehicles
When overtaking another vehicle ensure that it is
safe to do so and that you:
Overtake on the right hand side;
Do not exceed the speed limit for that
area;
Do not force any other vehicle off the
Airside road; and
Do not force any vehicle onto the
Manoeuvring Area.
Towing of Rolling Stock
Drivers must not operate with a train of rolling
stock in excess of:
Six (6) on Aprons and Airside roads; or
As stipulated under local arrangements
within the baggage handling areas of
Terminal 1 and Terminal 2.
Drivers involved in towing rolling stock should refer
to their company‟s Standard Operating
Procedures.
Lost on the airfield
If, when you are driving Airside, you become lost
or disorientated or your vehicle becomes
immobilised STOP and call for assistance.
Shared Zones
These zones are located Airside at both Domestic
and International Terminals. They advise the
driver of the speed limit and that the area is shared
by pedestrians and vehicles. You must adhere to
the speed limits in these areas and watch out for
pedestrians.
Version 2012.2 14 SACL Safety

Incident Reporting
Various hazards and emergencies can occur on
the Apron area of the Airport. Sydney Airport has
an emergency number that is staffed 24 hours per
day. Remember all incidents must be reported.
If you see a hazard and / or incident at the airport
then report it:
If it is an emergency situation – call the
emergency number 9667 9090
If it is an unsafe situation, incident or spill
call 9667 9921 or 9667 9981
Bussing Operations
If you are driving on the Apron and you observe
passengers walking to / from the Terminal or
buses to / from an aircraft, and they are in your
intended route, you must stop and let the
passengers proceed.
SAFETY AROUND AIRCRAFT
Give Way to Aircraft
IMPORTANT
Aircraft have absolute right of way. This includes
aircraft taxiing, on push back or under tow.
Version 2012.2 15 SACL Safety

When an aircraft is about to move, red flashing
beacon lights on the top or bottom of the fuselage
will be activated. You must give way to an aircraft
when this occurs.
Other indications of an imminent aircraft movement
are:
No ground service vehicles around the
aircraft.
The aircraft‟s cargo and passenger doors
are closed.
The pushback tug is attached to the tow
bar which is connected to the nose wheel
of the aircraft.
On some aircraft, a Power Push Unit
(PPU) is connected to the main gear and
the operator is at the nose of the aircraft.
The aerobridge has been retracted.
Version 2012.2 16 SACL Safety

NOTE: If aircraft engineers are situated at the
nose wheel of the aircraft at a disconnect point
then you may proceed along the Airside Road until
they disconnect the towbar from the aircraft nose
wheel and start to walk away from the aircraft.
Dash 8 – Q300 / Q400 Aircraft Anti – Collision
Beacons
Extra caution must be taken when approaching or
working around some Dash 8 Q300 and all Q400
aircraft as they only have a single red flashing
beacon on top of the fuselage.
Clearance to Aircraft
Drivers must not drive, stop or park a vehicle within
3 metres of an aircraft, except when required for
the servicing of that aircraft.
When an aircraft is being refuelled you must not
drive, stop, or park a vehicle within 15 metres of
Version 2012.2 17 SACL Safety

the aircraft wing vents and refuelling equipment
unless you have an operational reason to do so.
When operating around an aircraft you must not
operate a vehicle in reverse unless under the
guidance of another person and unless he/she has
established it's absolutely safe to do so.
Jet Blast
Jet Blast is generated from the exhaust of a jet
engine and is one of the most dangerous aspects
of the engine as it moves rapidly with the potential
to blow loose material around.
Prop Wash
Aircraft propellers are just as dangerous as aircraft
engines. Wash from propellers is a hazard and
should be treated the same as for jet blast.
DO NOT DRIVE BEHIND AN AIRCRAFT WHEN
ITS BEACONS ARE ACTIVATED
VEHICLES
Vehicle Signage
Vehicles are required to have signs or logos that
clearly identify the vehicle as belonging to that
company. The signs or logo must be displayed on
both sides of the vehicle and be clearly visible and
be clearly visible from at least 15 metres away.
Vehicles must display the current AUA affixed to
the right hand side of the windscreen, or affixed in
a visible holder. It is the driver of the vehicles
responsibility to ensure the AUA is current.
Version 2012.2 18 SACL Safety

Parking of Vehicles
Vehicles must not be parked where they will
obstruct aircraft, other vehicles, equipment,
pedestrians or any access doors to / from the
Terminals.
No stopping, standing or parking of vehicles or
equipment is permitted on the concourse roadways
beneath Terminals unless in designated and
marked areas.
Drivers must ensure Vehicles, plant and equipment
are only parked in designated areas.
On Apron areas Vehicles and equipment must only
be parked within the defined equipment parking
areas. These are defined by a single white / red /
white line labelled “Equipment Storage”.
Vehicles and equipment can be staged within an
“Equipment Clearance” area as long as they are
not left unattended. These are defined by a
broken white / red / white line labelled “Equipment
Clearance”.
Vehicles must not be parked or left unattended in
areas that are designated by signs or clearly
marked as:
No Parking Areas
Limited No Parking Areas
No Standing Areas
Limited No Standing Areas
No Stopping Areas
Equipment Clearance Areas
Aerobridge Clearance Zones
Version 2012.2 19 SACL Safety

Vehicles and equipment must not be parked within
2 metres „Airside‟ and 3 metres „landside‟ of any
Airside / landside boundary fence.
Vehicles may be towed away and impounded by
SACL. Any cost incurred will be met by the owner
of the vehicle, including storage and retrieval
costs.
Vehicle Escort / Supervision
Drivers holding an appropriate Category of ADA
may be required to provide supervision and / or
Escort for unauthorised drivers and vehicles by:
Accompanying a supervised vehicle on
foot; or
Escorting the supervised vehicle with an
authorised vehicle.
An unauthorised Vehicle under escort must be
kept behind the escorting vehicle at a reasonable
distance so that adequate supervision is provided.
The driver of the escorting Vehicle must ensure
that the Vehicle being escorted has made
arrangements for its departure or related escorts
Airside.
AIRSIDE MARKERS, MARKINGS AND SIGNS
Road Signs
Common road signs that meet NSW RTA
standards are used Airside and mean exactly what
they do on landside roads.
Take notice of all signage on the Airport,
particularly STOP and GIVEWAY signs and
Version 2012.2 20 SACL Safety

emember depending on the area, speed limits will
vary.
These signs may be painted on the ground.
Airside Roadway
These are defined by a single continuous white
line on each side.
Live Taxiway Crossing
Where an Apron Road or other Airside Road
crosses a Taxiway or an Apron Taxi-lane, the road
is marked on each side by a “zipper” line. When
Version 2012.2 21 SACL Safety

approaching the crossing you should slow down,
have a thorough look for aircraft movements and
be sure that the Taxiway is clear before
proceeding across it.
When approaching a live Taxiway crossing, a
driver may only proceed when:
There are no aircraft movements
After the taxiing aircraft has safely cleared
the roadway
The aircraft is stationary at the disconnect
point and the engineers are standing at the
nose wheel.
Apron Roads adjacent to a Taxiway
Where an apron road is located adjacent to a
Taxiway, the side closest to the Taxiway is
indicated by double white lines. The double white
lines indicate the Vehicle Limit Line and must not
be crossed. Extreme care should be taken at all
times whilst driving in these areas.
Version 2012.2 22 SACL Safety

Equipment Storage Areas
These are defined by a solid white / red / white
line. These are where vehicles, plant or equipment
may be stored or serviced and may be left
unattended
Equipment Clearance Lines
These are defined by a broken white / red / white
line. These areas are where Vehicles and
equipment can be staged, as long as they are
attended, prior to the arrival or departure of an
aircraft.
Version 2012.2 23 SACL Safety

Aerobridge Clearance Zones
These areas are marked as hatched areas and
must be kept clear of equipment, Vehicles and
personnel at all times. When aerobridges are in
operation a warning light and alarm will activate.
APRON AND TAXILANE MARKINGS
Aircraft Nose Wheel Stop Bar
The Aircraft Nose
wheel Stop Bar is
designated by a yellow bar and signifies the
position where the aircraft nose wheel will stop to
park on a bay.
Tow Bar Disconnect
This position is where an aircraft is towed prior to
departure to commencing an engine start. The
Version 2012.2 24 SACL Safety

location ensures that jet blast will not impact upon
other apron users.
Pushback Alignment and Limit Markings
.
Pushback limit markings are used where a tug
pushes an aircraft back from a nose in / push out
parking position, then tows the aircraft forward
prior to disconnection. These markings assist tug
drivers to align an aircraft correctly at the end of an
aircraft pushback. The nose wheel should not be
pushed past this point.
Keyhole Marking
A keyhole marking is for aircraft with a wingspan of
15m or greater; the centre of the ring is the final
nose wheel position.
Version 2012.2 25 SACL Safety

Apron Secondary Lead-out Lines (broken
yellow)
Provides guidance to pilots from the parking
position to the primary Taxiway.
Tug Parking Line
These are located at aerobridges and other aircraft
parking positions; to ensure the tug is clear of
incoming aircraft.
Aircraft Parking Bay Designators
The Aircraft Parking Bay Designator is a yellow
alphanumeric marking that indicates the unique
bay number.
Version 2012.2 26 SACL Safety

Apron Lead-in/out Lines (solid yellow)
Apron lead-in lines are an extension of the taxi
guideline system leading an aircraft to a single
parking position.
Aircraft Parking Clearance (yellow / red /
yellow)
Aircraft Parking Clearance makings are used to
define an area in which the whole of a parked
aircraft is to be confined. This also marks the edge
of the Regular Public Transport (RPT) apron.
Vehicles should not be driven past this line unless
authorised.
Version 2012.2 27 SACL Safety

TYPICAL APRON MARKINGS - example
Version 2012.2 28 SACL Safety

RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS
Runway strip
White gable markers show the edge of the Runway
strip. Vehicles are not permitted to enter the
Runway strip or Rapid Exit Taxiway (RET) without
specific clearance from ATC.
Centre and edge of a Runway surface
These markings indicate the centre and edge of a
Runway. The centre line is a white broken line and
the edge is a continuous white line.
Runway Holding Point (Type A)
Version 2012.2 29 SACL Safety

These indicate the holding positions for aircraft and
vehicles prior to entering a Runway.
Runway Holding Point (Type B) – Category 1
Aircraft and Ground Vehicles are to hold at this
point when Category 1 (low visibility) procedures
are in operation or when directed by ATC.
Intermediate Holding Position Markings
(formerly known as Taxiway Intersection Markings)
Intermediate Holding Position Markings are
provided where Taxiways join or intersect another
Taxiway. The markings, including 3 amber lights,
provide visual reference to show where to stop if
required (by ATC) before entering the intersection.
Version 2012.2 30 SACL Safety

Taxiway Edge (double solid yellow) Markings
These markings indicate the edge of a Taxiway or
Apron surface. The edge is a continuous double
yellow line. The double yellow line also indicates
low strength pavement from the outside edge.
The diagonal line markings stemming from the
double yellow lines also indicate Low Strength
Pavement. Never drive on this area as it is
unlikely that it will maintain the vehicles weight.
Taxiway Centreline
The Taxiway Centreline marking is a solid yellow
line that marks the Taxiway. At night, the
centreline is marked by green centreline lights.
Movement Area Guidance Signs (MAGS)
Movement Area Guidance Signs are used to
provide mandatory instructions and / or information
to pilots. They are also used to alert Vehicle
drivers.
Version 2012.2 31 SACL Safety

Mandatory Instruction Sign
The above sign is a Holding Point Position sign
which directs pilots to stop the aircraft at a
specified location on the Taxiway prior to the
intersection with Runway 25 / 07.
Information Sign
Intersection signs where Runways and Taxiway
cross are information signs for pilots and Vehicle
drivers. The above example means that you are
travelling on Taxiway Golf and coming up to
Taxiway Yankee, which is right of the intersection
and International 5 is left of the intersection.
* Drivers operating on the Manoeuvring Area can
use these signs to confirm their location.
Version 2012.2 32 SACL Safety

No Entry
No entry signs are used to mark a Rapid Exit
Taxiway (RET). This sign indicates you must not
enter the (RET) from this direction.
Movement Area Lights
The following coloured lights mark these areas:
Runway centre and edge White
Taxiway centre Green
Runway Guard Lights Yellow
flashing
Apron edge Blue
Supplementary Taxiway edge Blue
Unserviceable area Red
Work Areas Amber
Version 2012.2 33 SACL Safety

Runway Stop Bars
From mid 2012 Runway Stop Bars will be in place
at all Runway Hold Points. Runway Stop Bars are
located 0.3 metres before all runway Hold Points
and are indicated by a series of Red unidirectional
lights at right angles to the taxiway centreline.
When approaching a Runway Stop Bar at a
runway Hold Point, drivers must stop and request
clearance from ATC to enter the Runway Strip.
When able, ATC will extinguish the stop bar
followed by issuing the appropriate verbal
clearance. Once the stop bars lights are
extinguished green lead on lights will illuminate.
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Note: An extinguished Stop Bar does not
indicate clearance to enter the runway strip. Do
not cross until a verbal clearance has been
issued and the stop bar lights are extinguished.
Runway Guard Lights
Runway Guard Lights are located at Runway entry
holding positions on each Taxiway. At Sydney
Airport Runway Guard Lights are installed in two
configurations. These are:
Elevated: yellow lamps flashing alternatively either
side of the Taxiway holding point being between
90 – 107.5 metres from the Runway centreline.
Inset: on wide and complex Taxiway intersections,
Runway guard lights are inset into the Taxiway
surface at 3 metre intervals across the intersection,
yellow lamps will flash alternatively
Version 2012.2 35 SACL Safety

Alternate flashing yellow lights will indicate you are
entering the Runway area. Movement Area
Guidance Signs (MAGS) and holding point
pavement markings also reinforce the Runway
entry points.
AS A CAT 2 OR 3 DRIVER YOU MUST NEVER PASS
RUNWAY GUARD LIGHTS AT ANY TIME.
OTHER VISUAL AIDS
Coloured cones are used to mark various areas.
These include
Unserviceability areas: Do not
enter unless there is an
operational need to do so. At
night these areas are lit by Red
lights.
Helicopter Apron Edge: These
highlight the edge of the
helicopter Taxiway and parking
area
Taxiway and Apron Edge: At
night these areas are lit by
blue lights.
Version 2012.2 36 SACL Safety

OTHER GENERAL SAFETY TIPS
Situational Awareness
Works Area Limit
Marking
Cones and Jersey Kerbs are
used to mark areas on the
airfield. At night these
markers are supplemented
by the use of red or amber
temporary lights. Use
caution in areas where you
see these markers.
Be alert to what is happening around you. This is
especially important on the airfield as a number of
hazards exist. Your situational awareness can be
affected by a variety of factors including workload,
fatigue, use of mobile phones or boredom.
Here are some tips to ensure you stay alert:
Plan ahead
Don‟t use your mobile phone whilst driving
Follow Standard Operating Procedures
Be vigilant – be aware of other vehicle and
aircraft movements
Clear and open communication
Concentrate on the task at hand
When driving on Airside Roads adjacent to
parking bays always look over your
shoulder to ensure there are no aircraft
taxiing behind you and about to enter a
parking bay.
Version 2012.2 37 SACL Safety

International Bay 1
Exercise caution when approaching International
Bay 1 from the north by the Qantas Mail Centre.
Slow down and be vigilant for aircraft preparing to
pushback from International Freight Bays 1 and 2.
Domestic Apron 1 (Dom 1)
When traversing the area between the Qantas Jet
Base and Terminal 3 be vigilant for aircraft taxiing
out of or into Dom 1 or pushing back from Bays 10
and 11. Slow down, Give Way to aircraft as
required and look both ways before continuing.
Terminal 3
Be vigilant for aircraft traffic entering or exiting
Bays 16 /17 at T3.
Version 2012.2 38 SACL Safety

General Aviation
When driving on the Airside Road adjacent to the
General Aviation area be aware of aircraft taxiing
into and out of Taxiway Golf.
Helicopter Base
Helicopters arrive and depart differently to other
aircraft and as such may not be immediately seen.
The rotor wash of helicopters poses the same
dangers as jet blast. Always look up and behind
you when you enter or cross a Helicopter Apron
area or live Taxiway crossing (zippered marking).
When driving through this area it is a good idea to
wind down your window and listen for the sound of
helicopter rotors.
Helicopters do not operate on the Ground
Frequency but remain on the Tower Frequency so
you may not hear them even if your vehicle is radio
equipped.
Taxiing Aircraft
When observing aircraft if their flaps are down this
means they are going for take-off. If their flaps are
up they are taxiing to their parking bay.
VEHICLE OPERATIONS NEAR RUNWAYS
General
Drivers on the Manoeuvring Area must be familiar
with:
the designations of the Runways and
Taxiways
conversant with two-way radio procedures
the meaning, of ATC visual signals
Version 2012.2 39 SACL Safety

signs which might be used on the Airport.
Vehicles being operated near Runway16L/34R,
within the area of control of ATC Aerodrome
Controller – East, shall be restricted to sealed
surfaces. This is to prevent the carriage of foreign
matter onto the sealed surfaces, thus avoiding
aircraft engine ingestion damage.
Vehicles must not traverse, without ATC
clearance, the paved area between the line of the
gable markers and the holding point
marking/Runway guard lights.
Airside Road – NE Corner 16L/34R
The Airside Road in this area passes inside the
Runway strip. The Civil Aviation Safety Authority
(CASA) allows the use of this road without
receiving ATC clearance.
Vehicles proceeding on this portion of the road
should:
Keep a vigilant watch for aircraft;
Confine all movement to the sealed
roadway;
Not stop or leave their vehicle unattended
near this area or within 50 metres of the
aircraft approach side (as sign posted).
Airside Road – SE Corner Runway 16L/34R
The Airside road in this area passes within the
Runway 34R approach surface.
Vehicles proceeding on this portion of the road
should:
Keep a vigilant watch for aircraft;
Version 2012.2 40 SACL Safety

Not transit between the Runway strip end
and the sign posted area whilst aircraft are
on the last 1000m of 34R approach;
Confine all movements to the sealed
roadway; and
Must not stop or leave a vehicle
unattended within the approach area.
Airside Road – Height Restrictions
Vehicles in excess of 4.0 metres in height
travelling on any Airside Road must obtain
clearance from ATC prior to transiting across any
Runway approach and take-off areas.
Airside Road – 16R /34L between No 2 Fire
Station and the southern extremity of the
Runway extension
Vehicles in excess of 3.3 metres in height and/or
slow moving vehicles, must obtain clearance from
ATC prior to travelling on this section of road.
Vehicles should not use this road when an aircraft
larger than a B737 or A320 is taxiing on Taxiway
Alpha.
Airside Road – Bay 11 and 12 Terminal 3
Vehicles with vertical extensions must have
extensions lowered when entering that section of
road.
RESTRICTIONS FOR AIRSIDE LEASED AREAS
Drivers shall not operate a Vehicle in a
leased area unless they have the lessee‟s
approval or have a regulatory requirement
to be in that area.
Version 2012.2 41 SACL Safety

Drivers operating Vehicles within a leased
area shall comply with traffic management
markings and signage as appropriate.
PENALTIES
Persons found in breach of the rules for driving
Airside may be issued with an Airside Traffic
Infringement Notice (ATIN). Any loss of points will
be recorded against the person‟s Authority to Drive
Airside (ADA). The following list is an example
only. You should refer to the AVCH Section 5.0 for
a full list of offences, and the associated de-merit
points. Under Commonwealth Regulations,
monetary penalties may apply for specific
offences.
Exceeding the speed limit by up to 30 3 points
km/h
Exceeding the speed limit by more 6 points
than 30 km/h but not less than 45 km/h
Exceeding the speed limit by more 12 points
than 45 km/h
Driving in a manner dangerous to 6 points
people, other vehicles or equipment
Failure to give way to aircraft under tow 6 points
or taxiing aircraft
Failure to stop when an aircraft has 3 points
beacons activated
Failure to use a marked roadway 3 points
(where provided)
Failure to secure a load on a vehicle or 3 points
trailer
Carrying a passenger when there is no 6 and 3
seat provided (Driver & Passenger) points
Failure to display company
3 points
logo/identification on vehicle
Driving on a Runway without
12 points
appropriate authority
Illegal Parking 3 points
+ Fine
Version 2012.2 42 SACL Safety

Note: A driver, who commits multiple offences,
may accumulate multiple points for each
offence.
RAPID EXIT TAXIWAY (RET)
A clearance from ATC is required for:
A vehicle to enter or cross a rapid exit Taxiway
(RET)
A separate clearance is required should a
vehicle also need to enter a Runway / Runway
strip once they have entered a RET.
A clearance to enter a RET does not give the
vehicle priority over aircraft crossing or
operating on the RET.
RADIO PROCEDURES
General
Drivers need to fully understand the regulations
applying to movement areas, particularly when
operating on the Manoeuvring Area. You must
know the locations of Runways and Taxiways so
that you can advise ATC where you are at any
time. It should be noted that anyone using a radio
(VHF to communicate with ATC) is required to hold
a „Radiotelephone Operator Certificate of
Proficiency‟. Your company is responsible for
organising training information and authorised
examination to obtain the certificate. All
instructions by Airservices Australia ATC must be
responded to immediately.
Version 2012.2 43 SACL Safety

Radio Frequencies
Radio frequencies (MHz) currently in use are as
follows:
124.7 Sydney Tower Aerodrome Controller
East (ADC E)
120.5 Sydney Tower Aerodrome Controller
West (ADC W)
121.7 Surface Movement Controller
East (SMC E)
126.5 Surface Movement Controller
West (SMC W)
126.25 /
118.55
Transmission Techniques
Automatic Terminal Information Services
(ATIS)
The efficient use of two way radio depends on
microphone technique, the method of speaking
and the choice of words used by the operator
You should make use of the following principles:
THINK BEFORE YOU TALK
BE CONCISE
SPEAK CLEARLY
Speak plainly and end each word clearly to
prevent consecutive words running
together
Avoid the tendency to shout
Avoid hesitant sounds such as “er” and
“um”
Maintain a business like manner and do
not use colloquialisms, first names or be
unduly familiar with others
Version 2012.2 44 SACL Safety

If improvisation is required, make it brief
and unambiguous.
Signal Strength
Readability of radio signals (i.e. how well a
transmission is able to be heard)
1 Unreadable
2 Readable now and again
3 Readable but with difficulty
4 Readable
5 Perfectly Readable
Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet is used to
assist in voice transmission of call signs, Runway /
Taxiway designators and the spelling of proper
names and unusual words.
Commonly Used Phrases
AFFIRMATIVE Yes
APPROVED
Permission for proposed action granted
CONFIRM
Have I correctly received the following (see also
“say again”).
CORRECTION
An error has been made in this message. The
correct message is.
CORRECT
That is correct.
DISREGARD
Consider that message / instruction is not sent.
Version 2012.2 45 SACL Safety

GO AHEAD
Proceed with your message (normally only after
“stand by”)
HOLD POSITION
Stop – Do not proceed until advised.
HOLD SHORT OF
Stop before a specified location (For a Runway this
is at Runway strip edge and for a Taxiway it is at
the Taxiway intersection line).
HOW DO YOU READ
What is the readability of my transmission (or how
well can you hear my transmission – normally
“radio check” is used)
NEGATIVE
No, or permission not granted, or that is not correct
RADIO CHECK
I wish to know how well you can hear me – please
advise your readability of my transmission
REQUEST
Request permission to … or I would like to know…
ROGER
I have received your last message
SAY AGAIN
Repeat all, or the following part of your last
message
STAND BY
Wait and I will call you back
VACATE
Move off the Runway / Taxiway area immediately
Version 2012.2 46 SACL Safety

VACATED
I have vacated Runway / Taxiway area
WILCO
I (fully) understand your message / instruction and
will comply
Read Back Requirements
All communication with ATC relating to the
Runway system must be read back. A read back
of an ATC transmission is terminated with the
vehicle call sign.
Conditional Instruction
A conditional instruction or clearance means the
tower may give approval to undertake a task or
action and include a condition as part of the
approval.
Remember, keep transmissions clear and
concise.
Note: If your request is complex, you should
consider contacting ATC by phone to discuss.
OPERATING ON THE MANOEUVRING AREA
Manoeuvring Area Operating Tips
Before going onto the Manoeuvring Area:
Check the Vehicles radio is serviceable
(this is the vehicle operators
responsibility).
Ensure you are on the correct frequency.
Be aware of the current situation on the
Manoeuvring Area by listening to ATIS
before proceeding onto the area.
Version 2012.2 47 SACL Safety

Radios other than those needed for ATC
communications must be switched off.
Mobile phones shall not be used.
Know the communications procedures.
Know the light signals.
Be precise and patient.
Comply with instructions.
Maintain a continuous listening watch.
Stay alert particularly for conflicting
aircraft; never go beyond hearing range of
your radio.
Plan work carefully and avoid any
tendency to rush whilst airside.
Never leave anything (equipment or tools)
on the Manoeuvring Area.
Entering the Manoeuvring Area
Before transmitting, be sure the channel is clear
(i.e. There are no other communications in
progress) by listening out and then:
1. Identify who you are calling
-
2. Tell Sydney Ground who
you are -
3. Tell Sydney Ground where
you are -
4. Tell Sydney Ground what
you wish to do -
6. (Sydney Ground responds)
“Car Twenty Two cross
Runway 07”
7. Acknowledge Sydney
Ground‟s instructions:
REMEMBER:
“SYDNEY GROUND ….
“THIS
TWO…
IS CAR TWENTY
“ON TAXIWAY YANKEE…
“REQUEST CROSS
RUNWAY ZERO SEVEN”
“CROSS RUNWAY 07, CAR
TWENTY TWO”
a. All instructions from ATC shall be read
back (repeated) prior to implementing; and
Version 2012.2 48 SACL Safety

. All instructions from ATC shall be carried
out promptly and safely.
Vacating the Manoeuvring Area
1. Tell Sydney Ground when
vacated -
7. Sydney Ground responds
“CAR TWENTY TWO”
“CAR TWENTY TWO HAS
VACATED RUNWAY 07”
On occasions ATC may signal you to vacate the
Runway by the following means:
Flashing Runway / Taxiway lights, or
White flashing lights from the Tower.
You must immediately vacate the Runway or
Taxiway and observe the Tower for light signals.
RADIO FAILURE WHILST ON THE
MANOEUVRING AREA
Should you experience a radio failure adopt the
appropriate following procedure:
For Vehicles (excluding Tugs)
a. If on a Runway, vacate the Runway
immediately;
b. Vacate the Manoeuvring Area using
the safest direct route available;
c. Upon vacating the Manoeuvring Area,
establish contact with the Tower using
another radio or by telephone and
advise that you are clear of the area;
and
Version 2012.2 49 SACL Safety

For Tugs
d. Do not re-enter the Manoeuvring Area
until the radio has been replaced /
repaired.
If on Runway:
a. Vacate the Runway immediately onto
the nearest Taxiway. Aircraft must be
clear of the Runway strip;
b. Hold position and await the arrival of a
SACL Operations Officer. Do not
leave the vehicle;
c. The SACL Operations Officer will
provide a „Follow-me‟ service to your
destination and will advise ATC when
you are clear of the Manoeuvring
Area; and
d. Do not re-enter the Manoeuvring Area
until the radio has been
repaired/replaced.
Exercise extreme caution at all times and
keep a vigilant watch for aircraft
LIGHT SIGNALS FROM CONTROL TOWER
If you receive signals from the Tower, you should
respond immediately. The meaning of these
signals must be displayed on the vehicle within
easy sight of the driver. These signals are as
follows:
STEADY RED Stop immediately
Version 2012.2 50 SACL Safety

RED FLASHES Move off Runway or
Taxiway and watch out for
aircraft
GREEN FLASHES Permission to cross
Runway or to move to a
Taxiway
WHITE FLASHES Vacate Manoeuvring Area
in accordance with local
instructions
Version 2012.2 51 SACL Safety

SAFETY SUMMARY
Your safety is important to us and as a holder of an
ADA you are responsible for your own safety and
the safety of those around you. Here are some
safety points to remember:
Aircraft have the Right of Way - It is important
you understand the environment you work in is an
aerodrome. The road system on this aerodrome
will take you behind and around aircraft. You must
remain observant at all times.
Know where you are - The airfield is a complex
environment. Category 2 drivers are NOT allowed
to drive on Taxiways or Runways. There is no
shame or blame in asking for HELP. If you have
access to a phone you can call the SACL Airport
Operations Coordination Centre (AOCC) on 9667
9921 / 9981 for assistance. If you find yourself lost
– STOP where you are, someone will come by to
assist you.
See and be Seen - Remember you should wear
your high visibility clothing at all times when you
are Airside. Other Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE) should be worn as required by your
company‟s Standard Operating Procedures or
Safe Work Method Statements.
Communication – Mobile phones and radios can
be a distraction. If you must use a hands free
phone – keep the call short. Concentrate on what
you are doing.
SAFE DRIVING
Version 2012.2 52 SACL Safety

Drivers Log Name of Driver:
Date Time Location Supervising Driver
Start Finish No. hrs / Dom Int‟l Driver Name & position ADA / ASIC
am/pm am/pm mins
M Malcolm
number
09/04/08 10:55am 11:30am 35mins n/a driver Manager
SY66697
Signature

Date Time Location Supervising Driver
Start
am/pm
Finish
am/pm
No. hrs /
mins
Dom Int‟l Driver Name & position ADA / ASIC
number
Signature

NOTES

NOTES