Mollusca
Mollusca
Mollusca
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Torsion<br />
Advantages:<br />
allowed the gills better access to water flow<br />
allowing the animal to withdraw more deeply into the shell<br />
the head was able to retract first (foot last, still able to swim)<br />
Disadvantages:<br />
anus and nephridia anterior<br />
the animal would be dumping its waste on its head<br />
<strong>Mollusca</strong> – systematics – Gastropoda – torsion