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On the Spot<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong> & South-West <strong>Scotland</strong><br />

<strong>Branch</strong> Newsletter April <strong>2012</strong><br />

www.southwestscotland-butterflies.org.uk


Contents<br />

Chair’s notes………………………………………………….............................. 3<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong> & <strong>SW</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> branch Committee News......................................... 4<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Identification Workshop..................................................................... 5<br />

Third <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation Reserve for <strong>Scotland</strong>………….......................... 6<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong>’s <strong>Butterfly</strong> Leaflet Renewed.............…………….….......................... 7<br />

Robroyston Park Local Nature Reserve <strong>Butterfly</strong> Transect............................ 8<br />

New <strong>Butterfly</strong> Transect – The David Livingstone Centre................................. 9<br />

Insect Photographic Competition for National Insect Week.......................... 11<br />

Show Your Support for <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation with a Fleece or T-Shirt....... 12<br />

Mountain Ringlet Surveys 2011.................................................................... 12<br />

Results From 16 Wider Countryside <strong>Butterfly</strong> Sites in 2011......................... 15<br />

Small Blue Reintroduction Project Update ................................................... 17<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Records Update 2011.............. ....………………................…......... 19<br />

Butterflies <strong>of</strong> Southwest <strong>Scotland</strong> Atlas .........................................................23<br />

Why Not Moths – They’re Just as Wonderful as Butterflies.......................... 23<br />

2011 Dumfries and Galloway Moth Update ...................................................25<br />

2011 Stirlingshire, West Perthshire & Dunbartonshire Moth Update............ 26<br />

2011 Mid Ebudes (Mull, Coll & Tiree) Moth Update.......................................29<br />

2011 Argyll Main (Vice County 98) Moth Update .......................................30<br />

2011 Isle <strong>of</strong> Bute (Vice County 101) Moth Update.........................................30<br />

Garden Moth Scheme....................................................................................31<br />

Field Trips and Events in <strong>2012</strong>.......................................................................35<br />

Recorder/Committee Member Contact Details...............................................38<br />

If you would like to receive a copy <strong>of</strong> the newsletter by e-mail rather than by<br />

post, please send an e-mail to the editor: steph_holbein@hotmail.co.uk.<br />

This will ensure that more funds can be spent on conservation projects rather<br />

than postage costs!<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation <strong>Scotland</strong> Head Office<br />

Balallan House, Allan Park, Stirling, FK8 2QG<br />

Tel: 01786 447753 . Email: scotland@butterfly-conservation.org<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation Head Office and Membership enquiries to:<br />

Manor Yard, East Lulworth, Wareham, Dorset, BH20 5QP<br />

Tel: 0870 7744309. Email: info@butterfly-conservation.org,.<br />

Web site: http://www.butterfly-conservation.org<br />

This magazine is published by the <strong>Glasgow</strong> &<br />

South West <strong>Scotland</strong> branch <strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterfly</strong><br />

Conservation. Copyright © <strong>2012</strong>. All Rights<br />

Reserved. All photographic images and text<br />

remain the copyright <strong>of</strong> the original creators as<br />

indicated.<br />

Views expressed by contributors are not<br />

necessarily those <strong>of</strong> the editors or<br />

2 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

Cover photo<br />

Northern Brown Argus<br />

© Scott Shanks 2011<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation either locally or<br />

nationally.<br />

The editor would welcome written and/or<br />

artwork contributions on all aspects <strong>of</strong><br />

butterflies and moths in south west <strong>Scotland</strong> or<br />

further afield. Contributions for the next<br />

newsletter should be sent to the Newsletter<br />

Editor (contact details at back).


Chair’s Notes<br />

Welcome to the spring <strong>2012</strong> edition <strong>of</strong> On the Spot, and a particularly<br />

warm welcome to the members who have joined <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation<br />

and the branch in the last year! I’m pleased to announce that the branch<br />

membership has grown by a fantastic 12% during 2011! Your<br />

membership and support makes a huge difference to what the branch<br />

can do each year.<br />

In 2011 the branch ran over 45 events, including butterfly walks, moth<br />

nights, practical conservation days, school visits and talks to other<br />

groups. We also had stalls at 9 public events including 2 days at the<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong> Show, 2 days at ‘Big on the Beach’ at Irvine, and the Wildlife<br />

Garden Festival at Threave Castle, among others.<br />

In the last year we’ve also ran three well-attended butterfly and dayflying<br />

moth identification workshops (May 2011, January <strong>2012</strong> and<br />

March <strong>2012</strong>) and three butterfly transect training days (April and May<br />

2011 and March <strong>2012</strong>) to encourage more butterfly and moth recording.<br />

We hope to run more <strong>of</strong> these workshops during <strong>2012</strong> (see p35).<br />

Collecting the Kindrogan Cup<br />

© Ronald MacLean<br />

3 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

One <strong>of</strong> my 2011 highlights was<br />

when the branch won the<br />

Kindrogan Cup at <strong>Butterfly</strong><br />

Conservation Scottish Member’s<br />

Day in October! Congratulations<br />

to the winning team that<br />

consisted <strong>of</strong> Scott Donaldson, Jo<br />

Davis, Heather Young, Gerry<br />

Mercer and Stella Armstrong.<br />

They were kind enough to let me<br />

collect the trophy from Barry<br />

Prater, Chair <strong>of</strong> the East <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>Scotland</strong> branch who won last<br />

year.<br />

This edition <strong>of</strong> the On the Spot has a number <strong>of</strong> articles on marvellous<br />

moths in <strong>SW</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> and I hope these will encourage members to<br />

attend one <strong>of</strong> our popular moth nights in <strong>2012</strong>.<br />

National Moth Night returns this year on the 21-23 June, and we hope to<br />

have a number <strong>of</strong> moth events that weekend, or you could try hunting for<br />

these fantastic creatures in your own garden. You don’t need fancy moth<br />

lights or other equipment; a bathroom window left open with the light on


should attract a few passing moths, and searching flowers in your<br />

garden at night with a torch can be surprisingly productive!<br />

2011 was pretty mixed weather-wise, with a fantastic April, and then a<br />

cold, wet and windy May and June. Despite this, it was a great year for<br />

butterfly records, including 600 records that were sent in by new<br />

recorders during the Big <strong>Butterfly</strong> Count alone!<br />

There are lots <strong>of</strong> great articles inside, so I’ll leave it at that, but I wish you<br />

all a great spring and summer, and I hope to see many <strong>of</strong> you at our<br />

events or in the field watching butterflies and moths this year!<br />

Scott Shanks, Chair and <strong>Butterfly</strong> Recorder<br />

....................................................................................................................<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong> & <strong>SW</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> <strong>Branch</strong> Committee News<br />

There have been a number <strong>of</strong> changes in the branch committee in the<br />

last year, including our chairman Neil Gregory standing down in April<br />

2011 after 4 and a half years in the driving seat. The committee would<br />

like to express its gratitude to Neil for all his hard work and the fantastic<br />

job he’s done promoting <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation’s work in South West<br />

<strong>Scotland</strong>. The branch was considerably strengthened during Neil’s<br />

chairmanship with an enlarged membership, the launch <strong>of</strong> the branch<br />

website and the beginning <strong>of</strong> our Small Blue reintroduction project<br />

among many other accomplishments. Neil will continue in his role as the<br />

Moth Recorder for Ayrshire (VC75) and Inverclyde/Renfrewshire (VC76).<br />

We wish him all the best for the future.<br />

As a temporary measure, I took on the role <strong>of</strong> ‘acting Chair’ until the next<br />

AGM. The AGM was held on the 21 st <strong>of</strong> January <strong>2012</strong>, when I was<br />

voted in as branch Chair. The branch also has a new Treasurer, Mrs<br />

Gillian Rae, and new Secretary, Joe Davis, who took over from Anne<br />

and David Welham at the start <strong>of</strong> May 2011. The Committee wish to<br />

thank Anne and David for all their hard work and dedication to the<br />

branch over the years.<br />

The current branch Committee consists <strong>of</strong> Scott Shanks, Chair and<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Recorder; Gillian Rae, Treasurer; Joe Davis, Secretary; Scott<br />

Donaldson, Events & Sales Coordinator; Stephanie Holbein, Newsletter<br />

Editor, plus committee members Richard Sutcliffe, Marianne Ward and<br />

Paul Maplebrook. Contact details for the committee may be found at the<br />

back <strong>of</strong> the newsletter and on the branch website. If you are interested in<br />

coming along to a Committee meeting or joining the Committee please<br />

get in touch (see contact details on p39)<br />

4 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


<strong>Butterfly</strong> Identification Workshop (Saturday 7 th May 2011)<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong> & <strong>SW</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> branch had a fantastic turnout <strong>of</strong> 44 people at<br />

our spring Members day & ID workshop on the 7th <strong>of</strong> May in <strong>Glasgow</strong>.<br />

Talks were given on butterfly identification by Richard Sutcliffe, followed<br />

by a talk on 10 easily-recognised day-flying moth species by Scott<br />

Shanks, and a talk by Neil Gregory on how to set up your own butterfly<br />

monitoring transect .<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> id workshop by Neil Gregory<br />

Many thanks to the <strong>Glasgow</strong> Museums<br />

Resource Centre (GMRC) & its staff<br />

for use <strong>of</strong> this superb venue, and<br />

access to their British butterfly and<br />

moth collection. There have been a<br />

number <strong>of</strong> new butterfly transects<br />

started since the workshop, which is<br />

fantastic!<br />

Following on from the success <strong>of</strong><br />

this day, similar workshops will be held<br />

at Eglinton Country Park, Kilwinning<br />

on the 18 th <strong>of</strong> March <strong>2012</strong>, and again<br />

at the GMRC in the 21 st <strong>of</strong> April (see<br />

events page for details). We are<br />

particularly hoping to encourage<br />

members and community groups to<br />

set up a butterfly transect in their local<br />

park or greenspace.<br />

Museum specimens by Neil Gregory<br />

5 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


Third <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation Reserve for <strong>Scotland</strong>!<br />

In March 2011 a new Scottish <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation Reserve was<br />

created at Wester Moss, a lowland raised bog at Fallin, near Stirling.<br />

The 30 hectare site is one <strong>of</strong> the best places in <strong>Scotland</strong> to see the<br />

Large Heath butterfly (subspecies polydama), which is a bog specialist.<br />

It’s caterpillars feed on Hare’s-tail cotton grass.<br />

Wester Moss from Fallin bing © Scott Shanks<br />

Wester Moss was already designated as a Site <strong>of</strong> Scientific Interest<br />

(SSSI). Drainage channels installed in the past had dried out areas <strong>of</strong><br />

the bog allowing birch scrub and pine trees to invade and further dry out<br />

the peat. With the help <strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation volunteers, the<br />

Stirlingshire Ranger Service and students from Stirling University a great<br />

deal <strong>of</strong> work was carried out in 2011, removing the invading trees and<br />

installing dams to block the drainage channels, which has allowed some<br />

previously dry areas <strong>of</strong> the bog to begin to recover.<br />

A number <strong>of</strong> volunteer days at Wester Moss have already occurred<br />

in <strong>2012</strong>, with more planned for later in the year (see events page and<br />

check the branch website for updates). A bioblitz held at Wester Moss<br />

in 2011 uncovered a wealth <strong>of</strong> species living on the reserve including the<br />

rare Bog sun-jumper spider (Heliophanus dampfi), which was previously<br />

known from just 3 other places in the UK.<br />

Wester Moss is situated next to a large colliery bing which is<br />

covered with wildflowers in mid-summer, and hosts a good population <strong>of</strong><br />

Common Blues and Six-spot burnet moths. Large Heath can be seen<br />

mid-June to mid-July.<br />

6 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


<strong>Glasgow</strong>’s <strong>Butterfly</strong> Leaflet Renewed.<br />

The very popular ‘Butterflies and day-flying moths <strong>of</strong> <strong>Glasgow</strong>’ leaflet<br />

has been reprinted with a few important changes to bring it up to date.<br />

7 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

It is now an identification guide to 20<br />

species <strong>of</strong> butterfly (instead <strong>of</strong> 19), with<br />

the addition <strong>of</strong> the Holly Blue, which is<br />

moving north and may reach <strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

soon. Have a look at the photo in the<br />

leaflet and let us know if you find one, it<br />

may be a first record for <strong>Glasgow</strong> if you<br />

do! The Comma has finally been<br />

recorded within the city boundary. The<br />

Ringlet, which was described in the<br />

original leaflet as a recent arrival in<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong>, is now a common species and<br />

on some sites can be found in large<br />

numbers.<br />

It's amazing the difference a few years<br />

make to our picture <strong>of</strong> Lepidoptera in the city, and a reminder why it is<br />

important to keep recording and monitoring species as widely as<br />

possible!<br />

The new leaflet also promotes the <strong>Glasgow</strong>'s Buzzing project,<br />

which is a partnership between <strong>Glasgow</strong> City Council, Buglife and<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation to create and maintain wildflower meadows for<br />

the benefit <strong>of</strong> butterflies, moths and other invertebrates.<br />

The ‘Butterflies and day-flying moths <strong>of</strong> <strong>Glasgow</strong>’ leaflet can be obtained<br />

from <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation Tel: 01786 447753 or e-mail:<br />

<strong>Scotland</strong>@butterfly-conservation.org or from <strong>Glasgow</strong> City Council Tel:<br />

0141 287 5665 or e-mail: carol.maclean@glasgow.gov.uk or<br />

catherine.scott@glasgow.gov.uk<br />

....................................................................................................................<br />

Robroyston Park Local Nature Reserve <strong>Butterfly</strong> Transect<br />

Robroyston Park LNR in <strong>Glasgow</strong> has a rich mosaic <strong>of</strong> habitats, mainly<br />

species-rich diverse grassland, marshy grassland, open wetlands and<br />

woodland. The site is good for a variety <strong>of</strong> butterflies and moths,<br />

including the locally uncommon Six-Spot Burnet moth.<br />

To help monitor the species diversity and abundance, a butterfly<br />

transect was set up last year, co-ordinated by one <strong>of</strong> the Council’s<br />

Countryside Rangers, Jimmy Huis. Jimmy organised volunteers to help


walk the butterfly transect, and thanks to their good work, it produced<br />

some interesting results.<br />

Firstly it confirmed that butterflies<br />

won’t fly in windy, rainy or<br />

overcast conditions! On more<br />

promising transect days a variety<br />

<strong>of</strong> common species were<br />

recorded, including Large White,<br />

Green-veined White, Orange-tip,<br />

Small Tortoiseshell Meadow<br />

Brown and Peacock.<br />

Common Blue - which despite<br />

their name, are not very common<br />

in the City, turned up in<br />

reasonable numbers on the<br />

species-rich grassland in the<br />

south <strong>of</strong> the site. This was very<br />

positive as the species has<br />

declined in recent years and<br />

appears to now be following a<br />

national trend <strong>of</strong> returning<br />

increased numbers in 2011.<br />

Pair <strong>of</strong> Common blue © Scott Shanks<br />

Ringlets were present in large numbers, for example 87 were counted<br />

on one summer transect walk, in the diverse and marshy grasslands. It<br />

is now resident in the City and yet five years ago was a newcomer to our<br />

area. Robroyston Park is also a good site for Small Heath which can be<br />

present in their hundreds in the grassland.<br />

The results <strong>of</strong> the transect have confirmed both the value <strong>of</strong> the LNR for<br />

butterflies. We are already managing large plots <strong>of</strong> grassland as<br />

meadows by cutting regimes and wildflower planting. The transect<br />

results in future years will help to tailor the management for the best<br />

results, which will not only benefit butterflies and moths but other<br />

invertebrates too.<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong> currently has active butterfly transects running at Hurlet<br />

Hill, Commonhead Moss, Garscube Colliery and Nitshill in addition to<br />

Robroyston. We are really keen to get more volunteers to help for all<br />

these sites and to set up a new transect at Hogganfield Park LNR, which<br />

has a good variety <strong>of</strong> suitable habitats and is sure to produce some<br />

fantastic results. But we need your help!<br />

If you would like to get involved, please contact Helen Simmons,<br />

our Community Engagement Officer on 0141 287 5087 or email:<br />

helen.simmons@glasgow.gov.uk.<br />

Carol Maclean, <strong>Glasgow</strong> City Council<br />

8 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


New <strong>Butterfly</strong> Transect – David Livingstone Centre<br />

Nestled on the bank <strong>of</strong> the river Clyde and a stone’s throw from Bothwell<br />

woods, the David Livingstone Centre in Blantyre is a haven for many<br />

different species <strong>of</strong> wildlife from badgers to butterflies. It was the<br />

birthplace <strong>of</strong> David Livingstone in 1813 and is now a museum dedicated<br />

to his life and work. But the David Livingstone Centre is better known to<br />

me as the birthplace <strong>of</strong> my interest in butterflies and moths. After<br />

volunteering for only 1 week, the manager at the time sent me to a<br />

butterfly ID course run by <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation (7 th May 2011).<br />

As I sat there wondering how I was ever going to get the hang <strong>of</strong> this<br />

butterfly identification thing, I couldn’t help but be mesmerised by the<br />

beauty and diversity <strong>of</strong> the species <strong>of</strong> moths and butterflies that this<br />

country has to <strong>of</strong>fer. After a few talks and the all important c<strong>of</strong>fee break, I<br />

was ready to take on the challenge <strong>of</strong> walking the new David Livingstone<br />

Centre transect.<br />

Stuart Whittaker and Stuart Bence had already been walking the<br />

transect for a few weeks before I took over and had seen many species<br />

<strong>of</strong> great interest. Our transect incorporated many different habitats from<br />

open grassland, to formal garden and wooded areas, so we held high<br />

hopes for some important species to turn up, and were excited at the<br />

prospect <strong>of</strong> the Painted Ladies returning for another season. It was soon<br />

my turn to take the reins and I did so apprehensively. What if this was<br />

harder than it looked? But with the help <strong>of</strong> the Stuarts and armed with an<br />

ID sheet, I breezed through my first walk!<br />

In the weeks that followed, the weather was miserable at best and there<br />

were very few sightings on my weekly walks, but on favourable days the<br />

butterflies turned up in their numbers to grace my path with their<br />

presence. We recorded the more common species including Large and<br />

Small whites, Small Tortoiseshells, Orange Tips and Small Coppers. To<br />

our dismay there were no Painted Ladies this year, however, we were<br />

amazed when Comma butterflies turned up to grace the David<br />

Livingstone Centre for the first time! Even <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation<br />

Committee members turned up to take photographs <strong>of</strong> the local<br />

celebrities! We were excited to say the least. The recurring visits from<br />

the Commas prompted us to look into the history <strong>of</strong> butterfly records<br />

from our site and discovered just how significant our new transect was!<br />

Full details can be found in the species table below.<br />

David Livingstone Centre Species Table 2011<br />

Species Last Recorded in Area (1km square: NS6958)<br />

Small Tortoiseshell May 2000<br />

Orange-Tip April 2009<br />

Ringlet 1876!<br />

Peacock April 2009<br />

9 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


Small Copper New Record<br />

Meadow Brown New Record<br />

Large White New Record<br />

Small White May 1995<br />

Comma New Record<br />

Red Admiral New Record<br />

As you can see, a lot <strong>of</strong> new records for this area were made in 2011<br />

and there had been no records <strong>of</strong> ringlets since 1876! Most <strong>of</strong> our<br />

butterflies were found in the formal garden area <strong>of</strong> the transect that was<br />

planted by the gardeners, and the Commas loved the Buddleia!<br />

Comma at DLC © Stephanie Holbein Red Admiral © Stephanie Holbein<br />

We are hoping that the butterfly species seen in 2011 will return this<br />

year in greater numbers and with continued conservation work, hopefully<br />

we will see even more new species!<br />

Stephanie Holbein<br />

...................................................................................................................<br />

Insect Photographic Competition for<br />

National Insect Week!<br />

As a celebration <strong>of</strong> National Insect Week<br />

(25 th June – 1 st July), Forestry<br />

Commission <strong>Scotland</strong> are organising an<br />

insect photography competition. The entries will be displayed at the<br />

David Marshall Lodge Visitor Centre, Aberfoyle during this week and the<br />

winners will be announced on Saturday 30th June.<br />

Instructions for Entry<br />

There are three categories:- Digital photographs <strong>of</strong> insects taken by<br />

persons aged 12 and under, aged 13-17 and over 17 years. Only one<br />

insect photograph per person is allowed and the photograph must be<br />

taken within the British Isles during <strong>2012</strong>. The entrant must be the<br />

person who took the photograph and owns the copyright.<br />

10 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


Submit photographs by to cowal.trossachs.fd@forestry.gsi.gov.uk<br />

no later than 15 th June <strong>2012</strong>, with your name, age (if under 18),<br />

address, a contact telephone number and a title or brief<br />

description.<br />

By entering your photograph in the Competition, you grant the<br />

Competition organisers a free non-exclusive license to use the image in<br />

their corporate promotion, publicity and publications, and in any<br />

promotional material connected to this competition. However, the<br />

copyright remains with you as the photographer, and your name as the<br />

photographer will – wherever possible – be credited if the image is used.<br />

The competition will be judged by Craig Macadam from Buglife and the<br />

Trossachs based photographer, Phil Crowder.<br />

The two prizes for under 18’s will be appropriately aged insect collecting<br />

equipment and guides. The adult prize will be ‘The Royal Entomological<br />

Society Book <strong>of</strong> British Insects’ and a one year subscription to an insect<br />

related organisation up to the value <strong>of</strong> £30.00.<br />

Note photographs submitted for the Competition should feature Insects<br />

(butterflies, moths, caterpillars, dragonflies, flies, beetles, bugs, ants, bees,<br />

wasps etc). Other invertebrates which are NOT insects include: spiders,<br />

woodlice, millipedes, centipedes, snails, crabs and lobsters.<br />

....................................................................................................................<br />

Support <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation with a Fleece or T-Shirt<br />

Last year saw the production <strong>of</strong> the branches first set <strong>of</strong> high quality<br />

clothing items. The rationale behind these items was mainly to promote<br />

the charity while raising funds for the branch. All <strong>of</strong> the clothing is Fruit<br />

<strong>of</strong> the Loom branded and carries the <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation <strong>Scotland</strong><br />

Logo. The items <strong>of</strong> clothing available include polo shirts, long-sleeved<br />

polo shirts, sweatshirts and full-zip fleeces but there is the opportunity to<br />

have any item <strong>of</strong> clothing made up with the logo if you wish something a<br />

little different!<br />

For further information and prices please contact Scott Donaldson via<br />

email at BCS_clothing@hotmail.co.uk.<br />

...................................................................................................................<br />

Mountain Ringlet Surveys 2011<br />

During 2011 Scottish Natural Heritage<br />

funded survey work for the Mountain Ringlet<br />

to build on the data collected during 2008<br />

and 2009 when 221 1 km squares were<br />

surveyed and Mountain Ringlet was found in<br />

144 (65%) <strong>of</strong> them. Seventy-two <strong>of</strong> the Mountain Ringlet © Jim Asher<br />

11 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


2008/2009 1 km squares were new for Mountain Ringlet and a total <strong>of</strong><br />

2274 individuals recorded.<br />

One hundred and forty-two 1 km squares were surveyed during late<br />

June/July 2011 and mountain ringlet was found in 50 (35%) <strong>of</strong> these<br />

squares. Twenty-four <strong>of</strong> these squares were new for Mountain Ringlet<br />

(Figure 1). This increases the number <strong>of</strong> 1 km squares with Mountain<br />

Ringlet in <strong>Scotland</strong> from 302 in 2009 to 326 (8% increase). Most <strong>of</strong> these<br />

new 1 km squares were adjacent to squares with historical Mountain<br />

Ringlet records but a few were from mountains with no previous records.<br />

Up to 2009, Mountain Ringlet was known from 53 10 km squares and<br />

one new 10 km squares was gained in 2011: NN23.<br />

Figure 1 Distribution <strong>of</strong> 1 km squares with mountain ringlet in <strong>Scotland</strong>.<br />

During 2011, 587 Mountain Ringlet were recorded by the author and a<br />

further 274 by volunteers giving a grand total <strong>of</strong> 861 Mountain Ringlet. A<br />

Geographical Positioning System (GPS) device was used to record the<br />

location and altitude <strong>of</strong> 599 Mountain Ringlet observations. The mean<br />

altitude where the butterfly was seen was 704 m which is similar to the<br />

comparative statistics <strong>of</strong> 684 and 675 m in 2008 and 2009 respectively.<br />

The lowest altitude was 409 m and the highest was 978 m with 95%<br />

occurring between 516 and 891 m (pooled 2008 and 2009 data: 95%<br />

occurred between 460 and 902 m). The altitude range <strong>of</strong> the data in<br />

2011 was 569 m compared with 568 and 576 m in 2008 and 2009<br />

respectively.<br />

12 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


During the 2008/2009 survey, a scoring system was devised to measure<br />

the quality <strong>of</strong> Mountain Ringlet habitat in a 1 km square using<br />

measurements <strong>of</strong> aspect, and altitude, the extent <strong>of</strong> mat-grass (Nardus<br />

stricta, the larval foodplant) swards, the abundance <strong>of</strong> five different<br />

nectar plants and the presence/absence <strong>of</strong> sheep grazing. High scores<br />

(maximum <strong>of</strong> 20) indicate herb-rich Nardus grassland which is ideal the<br />

habitat <strong>of</strong> Mountain Ringlet. Scores were obtained for 173 different 1 km<br />

squares in 2009 and scores for a further 130 1 km squares were<br />

obtained in 2011.<br />

A major issue with Mountain Ringlet is that temperatures in the<br />

mountains are frequently below 13 o C which is the low-temperature<br />

threshold for butterfly flight. Weather conditions were unfavourable for<br />

butterfly flight on 10 <strong>of</strong> the 17 survey days in 2011 resulting in none, one<br />

or just a few Mountain Ringlet being found on these days. However,<br />

habitat data was recorded even in poor weather, providing useful data<br />

on the probability <strong>of</strong> these squares being occupied by Mountain Ringlet.<br />

Mountain Ringlet habitat data collected during 2011 has helped increase<br />

the known distribution <strong>of</strong> herb-rich Nardus grassland on all mountains<br />

surveyed in both 2009 and 2011. The table below summarises the<br />

survey data obtained on ten mountains in 2011.<br />

1 km squares surveyed for Mountain Ringlet in 2011<br />

with<br />

previous with MR new for<br />

13 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

with<br />

High*<br />

Mountains No. MR record in 2011 MR Scores<br />

Beinn Fhionnlaidh, Glen Creran 5 5 3 0 0<br />

Stob Ghabhar, Rannoch Moor 7 5 5 3 4<br />

Beinn Donachain, Glen Orchy 6 1 2 1 0<br />

Beinn a Chreachain/Beinn Achaladair 15 3 3 2 8<br />

Beinn an Dothaid/Beinn Dorain 7 1 0 0 4<br />

Beinn Chleibh, Tyndrum 7 3 0 0 4<br />

Sgiath Chuil, Glen Dochart 11 1 8 7 7<br />

Sron a Choire Chnapanich/An Grianan 8 5 5 2 6<br />

Meall na Aighean, Glen Lyon 8 2 2 2 5<br />

Sgurr Choinnich Beag/Mor, Mamores 8 7 3 0 1<br />

*Habitat Score 15 or more out <strong>of</strong> a maximum <strong>of</strong> 20<br />

The habitat scores for a total <strong>of</strong> 303 1 km squares in <strong>Scotland</strong> indicate<br />

that vast areas <strong>of</strong> herb-rich Nardus grassland are present in the<br />

mountainous areas <strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>. It is likely that further areas <strong>of</strong> suitable<br />

habitat still remains to be discovered in the mountains <strong>of</strong> west and<br />

central <strong>Scotland</strong>. Mountain ringlet is undoubtedly still very underrecorded<br />

in <strong>Scotland</strong>.


One exciting result in 2011 was the discovery <strong>of</strong> herb-rich Nardus<br />

grassland on Beinn Bhan, Glen Loy which is just to the north <strong>of</strong> the<br />

Great Glen. There are currently no Mountain Ringlet records north <strong>of</strong> the<br />

Great Glen and unfortunately the weather was poor when Beinn Bhan<br />

was visited and no mountain ringlet was found. However, the presence<br />

<strong>of</strong> suitable habitat on this mountain would suggest that other mountains<br />

to the north <strong>of</strong> the Great Glen may also have suitable habitat and that<br />

Mountain Ringlet may be present here. More survey work in this area is<br />

a priority for volunteer effort in <strong>2012</strong>.<br />

Many thanks are due to Zoe Clelland who used part <strong>of</strong> her RSPB<br />

sabbatical in 2011 to participate in mountain ringlet surveys. And the<br />

efforts <strong>of</strong> other volunteers are also gratefully acknowledged.<br />

Andrew Masterman<br />

....................................................................................................................<br />

Results from 16 Wider Countryside <strong>Butterfly</strong> sites in 2011<br />

Funding was provided by Scottish Natural Heritage for ‘Wider<br />

Countryside <strong>Butterfly</strong> Surveys’ in 85 1 km squares in <strong>Scotland</strong> during<br />

July/August 2011. I surveyed a total <strong>of</strong> 16 1 km squares across the<br />

branch area and the following is a summary <strong>of</strong> the results.<br />

The map below shows that the 16 1 km squares were widely scattered<br />

across the branch area with squares near Helensburgh and Stirling in<br />

the north and four squares near the Solway coast in the south. And there<br />

was one square on the Isle <strong>of</strong> Bute just south <strong>of</strong> Rothesay. The sites are<br />

colour-coded to reflect species richness and the total number <strong>of</strong><br />

butterflies recorded over the two visits appears after the square name:<br />

species richness and butterfly totals in some cases include butterflies<br />

recorded in the square but not along the transect route.<br />

The most important features to note are:<br />

Three <strong>of</strong> the six most species-rich squares occurred near the Solway<br />

coast as you might expect, and this mainly owed to the Wall being<br />

present in three <strong>of</strong> the four Solway coast squares.<br />

The most species rich square was Port Logan with a modest total <strong>of</strong><br />

eight. This was the only square to contain Common Blue and Painted<br />

Lady – despite having a total count <strong>of</strong> only 18 butterflies. Three squares<br />

with seven species each occurred further north at Stirling, Kilmarnock<br />

and Carstairs.<br />

Four squares shared the lowest species richness <strong>of</strong> just 4, three <strong>of</strong> these<br />

being in the NW <strong>of</strong> the branch area and the fourth being New Cumnock.<br />

14 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


The square with the highest total <strong>of</strong> butterflies (102) was at Gatehouse<br />

<strong>of</strong> Fleet where lots <strong>of</strong> Scotch Argus were found: this species was only<br />

found in one other square, New Cumnock, and both these 1 km squares<br />

were new for Scotch Argus although there are records for nearby sites.<br />

The square with the lowest total <strong>of</strong> butterflies (8) was Cumbernauld, but<br />

this square nevertheless had six species.<br />

Distribution <strong>of</strong> the 16 WCBS squares, species richness and the total number <strong>of</strong><br />

butterflies recorded (number after square name).<br />

A total <strong>of</strong> 15 butterfly species was recorded over the two visits to the 16<br />

squares. The table below shows the percentage occupancy <strong>of</strong> the 16<br />

squares for each species. The main points to note are:<br />

Green-veined White and Meadow Brown occurred in all 16 squares with<br />

Ringlet and Small Tortoiseshell also having a high level <strong>of</strong> occupancy.<br />

Small Heath, a species that is declining at the UK level, and is<br />

designated a UK BAP (research only) species, was found in 50% <strong>of</strong><br />

squares, which is a good result. The migrant, Red Admiral, was quite<br />

abundant being present in 44% <strong>of</strong> squares. Seven species (46% <strong>of</strong> the<br />

15 species total) were only found in one or two squares but it was<br />

nevertheless very pleasing to come across them during the limited time<br />

spent in each square.<br />

Overall, these results are positive as they show that the common<br />

species are abundant in these randomly selected 1 km squares in<br />

15 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


<strong>Scotland</strong> which are likely to be typical <strong>of</strong> Scottish farmland. Transects<br />

were along field margins, farm tracks and stream edges where tall<br />

vegetation and flowers were present. Transects across the middle <strong>of</strong><br />

fields would have yielded very few butterflies but clearly there are<br />

butterfly friendly habitats on farmland in <strong>Scotland</strong>. However, the low<br />

species richness <strong>of</strong> many squares would suggest that agri-environment<br />

schemes which increase the diversity <strong>of</strong> habitats on a farm would likely<br />

have a significant effect by increasing species richness <strong>of</strong> butterflies.<br />

The higher species richness <strong>of</strong> Kilmarnock, Stirling and Carstairs in the<br />

northern area <strong>of</strong> the map owed to greater habitat diversity on these<br />

farms and flower-rich field margins: in two <strong>of</strong> these cases, these were<br />

barley field margins sown with flowers.<br />

Percentage occupancy <strong>of</strong> the 16 WCBS squares with each species.<br />

Species % <strong>of</strong> squares occupied (Number)<br />

Green-veined White 100 (16)<br />

Meadow Brown 100 (16)<br />

Ringlet 88 (14)<br />

Small Tortoiseshell 75 (12)<br />

Small Heath 50 (8)<br />

Red Admiral 44 (7)<br />

Peacock 31 (5)<br />

Wall 19 (3)<br />

Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary 13 (2)<br />

Small White 13 (2)<br />

Scotch Argus 13 (2)<br />

Painted Lady 6 (1)<br />

Small Copper 6 (1)<br />

Common Blue 6 (1)<br />

Dark Green Fritillary 6 (1)<br />

Andrew Masterman<br />

...................................................................................................................<br />

Small Blue Reintroduction Project update<br />

The 15th <strong>of</strong> May 2011 saw 19 volunteers assemble at <strong>SW</strong>T Gailes<br />

Marsh reserve near Irvine to plant kidney vetch, (the foodplant <strong>of</strong> the<br />

Small Blue) for our Small Blue reintroduction project. Despite the cold<br />

and windy weather, the volunteers made short work <strong>of</strong> the 900 kidney<br />

vetch plants that needed to be planted!<br />

Many thanks to Gill Smart, the Scottish Wildlife Trust Ayrshire reserves<br />

manager; Owen Figgis who grew the plants for the project , and drove<br />

up with them on the day, and to Frank Clarkson, course manager <strong>of</strong><br />

Dundonald Links golf course for allowing us to plant kidney vetch in the<br />

roughs and banks <strong>of</strong> his course.<br />

16 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


Later in the summer the reserve was a sea <strong>of</strong> colour, with an amazing<br />

display <strong>of</strong> kidney vetch in the habitat strips that were created in 2010.<br />

Patches <strong>of</strong> KV were in bloom all over the southern part <strong>of</strong> the reserve.<br />

Some <strong>of</strong> these had been planted by volunteers in 2010 and 2011, but<br />

other patches suggest seed has been spread by the horse’s hooves.<br />

The KV flowers are absolutely loved by bees, and consequently Gailes<br />

Marsh must be one <strong>of</strong> the best places in Ayrshire to practice your<br />

bumblebee (and butterfly) identification skills!<br />

Kidney vetch in flower © Scott Shanks Small Blue volunteers © David Welham<br />

In early June 2011, Gill Smart <strong>of</strong> the <strong>SW</strong>T and I attended a ‘Small Blue<br />

Action Day’ in Warwickshire to discuss projects and management advice<br />

for the Small Blue. There were some fantastic talks on management and<br />

field craft tips, and a visit to see some <strong>of</strong> the habitat work carried out by<br />

the Warwickshire branch <strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation with funding from<br />

local businesses. Following the workshop, a number <strong>of</strong> branches,<br />

including the <strong>Glasgow</strong> & <strong>SW</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> branch helped update and fund<br />

the new Small Blue habitat management factsheet with the new<br />

information. The updated Small Blue factsheet is available at:<br />

http://www.butterfly-conservation.org/uploads/Small%20Blue%20<strong>2012</strong>.pdf<br />

Due to the success <strong>of</strong> the habitat management work at Gailes Marsh, we<br />

hope to go ahead with the reintroduction this summer. However this will<br />

still depend on the condition <strong>of</strong> the site in the spring <strong>of</strong> <strong>2012</strong>, and the<br />

state <strong>of</strong> the donor population.<br />

2011 was a particularly poor year for the Small Blue population at the<br />

donor site in Cumbria (aggravated by the poor weather in May and<br />

June). The coastal brownfield site at Workington has been threatened<br />

by development for the last few years and it was hoped that we could<br />

save some <strong>of</strong> the colony before it was destroyed. A couple <strong>of</strong> years ago,<br />

up to 1000 Small blues could be counted on a single visit, which is<br />

enormous compared to most Small blue colonies. Unfortunately since<br />

then numbers have fallen, in part due to the developers filling in ditches<br />

where kidney vetch was growing. The developers, Eatonfield, went into<br />

17 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


liquidation last year, which was a temporary reprieve for the colony.<br />

However, the site has already been purchased by another developer,<br />

Persimmon, who appear less inclined to allow access at the moment.<br />

We’ll have to wait and see what happens here. I’d like to thank Dave<br />

Wainwright <strong>of</strong> <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation and the Cumbrian branch for their<br />

support <strong>of</strong> this project. Look out for updates on the branch website.<br />

Scott Shanks, <strong>Butterfly</strong> Recorder<br />

…………………………………………………………………………………<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Records Summary for 2011<br />

During 2011 an amazing 12,171 butterfly records (representing 48,229<br />

individual butterflies) were sent in from all over the <strong>Glasgow</strong> & <strong>SW</strong><br />

<strong>Scotland</strong> branch area (see map).<br />

This is significantly up<br />

(16% increase) on<br />

previous years and<br />

highlights the growing<br />

popularity <strong>of</strong> butterfly<br />

and moth recording.<br />

600 <strong>of</strong> those records<br />

were sent in as part <strong>of</strong><br />

the Big <strong>Butterfly</strong> Count,<br />

which is really fantastic!<br />

date as far back as 1804!)<br />

18 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

A further 4,000 older<br />

records were also<br />

received (mostly from<br />

2009 & 2010, but some<br />

uncovered by Richard<br />

Weddle <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

Natural History Society<br />

2011 started with a bitterly cold, dry winter; followed by a fantastic sunny<br />

April and then unseasonably cold, wet and windy weather in May and<br />

June. The rest <strong>of</strong> the year wasn’t fantastic, but mild weather did continue<br />

late into the year, which led to a surprising number <strong>of</strong> butterfly sightings<br />

in November (mostly Red Admirals).


Red Admiral (The first species on the wing in 2011) © Scott Shanks<br />

The warm and sunny April had a distinct effect on the emergence <strong>of</strong><br />

many <strong>of</strong> our spring butterflies, with quite a few species recorded 1 to 3<br />

weeks earlier than usual. For example Green-veined Whites were<br />

recorded 2 ½ weeks earlier than in 2010, and Pearl-bordered Fritillaries<br />

were almost 3 weeks earlier than 2010! The subsequent cold, wet and<br />

windy May and June appeared to reverse the trend with summer species<br />

such as Northern Brown Argus, Meadow Brown and Ringlets emerging<br />

closer to their normal emergence times.<br />

Holly Blues were one <strong>of</strong> the species that benefited from the good<br />

weather in April. There were 10 times as many sightings in April 2011<br />

than during the whole <strong>of</strong> 2010! Most<br />

<strong>of</strong> the sightings were from around Ayr,<br />

where this species was first recorded<br />

in 2008. There was also a scattering <strong>of</strong><br />

records from across Dumfries &<br />

Galloway and a sighting in Airdrie too.<br />

The second brood in July/ August<br />

appeared less abundant, but a single<br />

Holly blue was recorded in Ardrossan<br />

on the 24 th <strong>of</strong> July, so hopefully it won’t<br />

be too long before they colonise<br />

Holly Blue © Owen Figgis<br />

19 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong>! Keep a look out for females<br />

around holly bushes this April/May!<br />

Orange–tips had a fantastic year, with records from many new sites<br />

including 12 new 10km squares. The prize for most adventurous<br />

butterfly <strong>of</strong> 2011 goes to a male OT which visited a garden in Balephuil<br />

on the Isle <strong>of</strong> Tiree! This is 40 km from the nearest sighting on Mull and<br />

would require a flight over at least 20km <strong>of</strong> open water! There is plenty<br />

<strong>of</strong> cucko<strong>of</strong>lower on the island, so hopefully he managed to find a mate!


Pearl-bordered fritillaries (PBF) had a bumper year at our Mabie Forest<br />

reserve south <strong>of</strong> Dumfries. 500+ individuals were recorded on one visit,<br />

with reports <strong>of</strong> these rare butterflies jostling for space on every available<br />

dandelion flower! Record numbers were also counted on the reserve’s<br />

butterfly transect by Jessie Wormell in April, however the poor weather<br />

in May prevented many visits during the butterfly’s peak flight season.<br />

Jessie has kindly provided the Annual Index (roughly equates to<br />

numbers seen over the flight period) for PBF over the last few years for<br />

comparison: 2008 = 56, 2009 = 243, 2010 = 494, <strong>2012</strong> =761! The<br />

recent increases appear directly related to conservation work by<br />

volunteers helping to clear scrub along the forestry tracks, which has<br />

benefited violets, the PBF caterpillar food plant.<br />

Dingy Skippers also had a great spring, with record-breaking numbers<br />

seen at a couple <strong>of</strong> locations along the Solway coast, and the discovery<br />

<strong>of</strong> a healthy new colony at a brownfield site near Rankinston in Ayrshire.<br />

This is the most northerly sighting in Ayrshire for over 100 years! It’ll be<br />

interesting to see if other colonies can be found nearby in <strong>2012</strong>.<br />

Stormy weather hit <strong>Scotland</strong> at the end May 2011 and devastated much<br />

<strong>of</strong> the vegetation on the west coast. It also appeared to wipe out many<br />

<strong>of</strong> the adult butterflies that were on the wing at that time. I personally<br />

didn’t see any white butterflies around <strong>Glasgow</strong> for about 3 weeks after<br />

the storm! The table below shows a summary <strong>of</strong> butterfly sightings<br />

during the year. You can see that Large, Small and Green-veined<br />

Whites all had a poor year.<br />

Summary <strong>of</strong> <strong>SW</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> <strong>Butterfly</strong> Records during 2011 (updated 29/02/<strong>2012</strong>).<br />

Species<br />

Number seen<br />

2011 (2010) (2009)<br />

20 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

Earliest /latest<br />

Sighting 2011<br />

10km<br />

squares<br />

2010 (new)*<br />

Chequered Skipper 95 (294) (592) 4 th May / 14 th June 3 (0)<br />

Small Skipper 15 (0) (0) 24 th July / 27 th July 1 (0)<br />

Essex Skipper 69 (0) (2) 23 rd July / 9 th Aug 1 (0)<br />

Large Skipper 96 (100) (15) 29 th May / 9 th Aug 14 (2)<br />

Dingy Skipper 216 (39) (142) 1 st May / 1st July 9 (1)<br />

Clouded Yellow 4 (2) (2) 6t h June / 7 th Oct 3 (0)<br />

Brimstone 0 (0) (1) / 0 (0)<br />

Large White 480 (2,074) (808) 18 th April / 9 th Oct 75 (2)<br />

Small White 932 (3,986) (1,123) 10 th April / 7 th Oct 94 (2)<br />

Green-veined White 5,903 (8,136) (7,377) 11 th April / 28 th Sept 194 (0)<br />

Orange-tip 2,983 (2,390) (1,993) 10 th April / 13 th July 131 (12)<br />

Green Hairstreak 572 (805) (570) 18 th April/ 23 rd June 32 (7)<br />

Purple Hairstreak 258 (626) (47) 16 th July / 27 th Aug 13 (2)<br />

Small Copper 515 (737) (569) 24 th April / 9 th Oct 99 (2)


Common Blue 2,415 (2,020) (1,258) 1 st May / 8 th Sept 106 (3)<br />

Holly Blue 41 (4) (3) 12 th April / 31 st July 6 (4)<br />

Northern Brown Argus 72 (141) (90) 31st May / 30 th July 4 (1)<br />

Red Admiral 938 (959) (1,096) 10 th Jan / 12 th Nov 125 (2)<br />

Painted Lady 44 (128) (5,885) 4 th April / 28 th Aug 24 (1)<br />

Small Tortoiseshell 2,584 (2,287) (2,276) 28 th Feb / 26 th Nov 148 (0)<br />

Peacock 3,126 (3,165) (2,353) 18 th March/ 19 th Oct 143 (2)<br />

Camberwell Beauty 1 (0) (0) 23 rd June 1 (1)<br />

Comma 78 (89) (18) 30 th March / 6 th Nov 23 (7)<br />

Pearl-bordered Fritillary 1,818 (705) (705) 27 th April / 3 rd June 8 (1)<br />

Small Pearl-bordered 1,719 (1,852) (1,385) 26 th April / 15 th Aug 69 (6)<br />

Fritillary<br />

Dark Green Fritillary 752 (1,022) (264) 10 th June / 21 st Sept 52 (8)<br />

Marsh Fritillary 195 (278) (486) 22 nd May / 26 th July 16 (1)<br />

Speckled Wood 564 (631) (722) 25 th April / 29 th Sept 38 (6)<br />

Wall 381 (559) (408) 28 th April / 28 th Sept 32 (3)<br />

Grayling 318 (268) (258) 1 st July / 4th Sept 35 (2)<br />

Mountain Ringlet 697 (145) (361) 1 th July / 26 th July 11 (1)<br />

Scotch Argus 4,225 (3,695) (2,328) 19 th July / 28 th Sept 61 (2)<br />

Ringlet 8,827 (5,929) (3,685) 10 th June / 24 th Aug 122 (11)<br />

Meadow Brown 3,678 (4,569) (3,134) 12 th June / 28 th Sept 149 (1)<br />

Large Heath 237 (250) (279) 14 th June / 3rd Aug 16 (0)<br />

Small Heath 3,080 (4,614) (2,508) 19 th April / 28 th Sept 130 (1)<br />

12,171 records (<strong>of</strong> 48,229 individual butterflies) received during 2011. Records<br />

for 2010 and 2009 include those received during 2011. * Number <strong>of</strong> 10km<br />

squares with records in 2011 (number <strong>of</strong> new 10 km squares for this species)<br />

Visitors to the Isle <strong>of</strong> Colonsay in June reported that the A’ Chollie Mhor<br />

oak wood on the island, which supports a colony <strong>of</strong> Purple Hairstreak,<br />

had been almost completely defoliated. It would be good to confirm if<br />

this colony has survived, so anyone planning a visit to the island in<br />

July/August <strong>2012</strong>, please have a look for this species in the late<br />

afternoon or early evening.<br />

Worryingly, one <strong>of</strong> our key species, the Chequered Skipper which flies<br />

during May and June also had a really poor year, with numbers <strong>of</strong><br />

records plummeting. Hopefully this was due to fewer visits by recorders<br />

because <strong>of</strong> the poor weather, and the butterfly will have managed to<br />

cling on! We’ll have to wait and see how they fare in <strong>2012</strong>! <strong>Butterfly</strong><br />

Conservation has launched a special appeal to help with conservation <strong>of</strong><br />

this species.<br />

Please help if you can at http://www.justgiving.com/chequeredskipper.<br />

Butterflies that emerged later in the summer appeared to do better, with<br />

Ringlets and Scotch Argus very abundant at some sites. Mountain<br />

Ringlets benefited from targeted surveys in 2011 (see page 11), which<br />

significantly increased the number <strong>of</strong> records for this species.<br />

21 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


Targeted searches were made for the Small Skipper and the Essex<br />

Skipper after no records were received for these species in 2010. Both<br />

species were found at Birkshaw Forest near Lockerbie in late July and<br />

early August.<br />

There are many under-recorded areas in the branch (see map above)<br />

including the islands <strong>of</strong> Coll, Jura and Islay, the Cowal peninsula, the<br />

North <strong>of</strong> Kintyre, lots <strong>of</strong> areas in Argyll and South Lanarkshire. Please<br />

get in touch if you’re interested recording in these areas and I can supply<br />

more information.<br />

Many thanks to everyone that sent in their records this year! Keep up the<br />

great work! <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation is blessed with the largest collection<br />

<strong>of</strong> invertebrate records in the world, and that’s all down to our wonderful<br />

members and volunteers who take part in our surveys and send in<br />

records <strong>of</strong> the butterflies they see. Recording really is the heart <strong>of</strong><br />

conservation. Without knowing what is out there, we can’t take the next<br />

steps in protecting important sites, or identifying trends in distribution<br />

and abundance.<br />

There’s lots <strong>of</strong> ways to get involved: Keeping a note <strong>of</strong> butterflies you<br />

see in your garden, or when out hill walking, take part in the Big <strong>Butterfly</strong><br />

Count, or help with a butterfly monitoring transect in your local park. Let<br />

us know about the butterflies you’ve seen and you will be contributing<br />

directly to the conservation <strong>of</strong> these beautiful creatures.<br />

Scott Shanks, <strong>Butterfly</strong> Recorder<br />

....................................................................................................<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Records Coordinators for <strong>2012</strong><br />

All <strong>Butterfly</strong> Records<br />

Scott Shanks<br />

Flat 1/2, 113 Haugh Road<br />

Yorkhill, <strong>Glasgow</strong>. G3 8XT<br />

07793052501<br />

scottshanks01@msn.com<br />

22 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

Mull/ Mid Ebudes<br />

Alan Skeates<br />

Dunellen,<br />

Craignure<br />

Isle <strong>of</strong> Mull, Argyll, PA65 6AY<br />

alanskeates@btinternet.com<br />

....................................................................................................<br />

Butterflies <strong>of</strong> South West <strong>Scotland</strong> Atlas<br />

Copies <strong>of</strong> this beautiful full-colour hardbacked book are<br />

still available at the bargain price <strong>of</strong> £5 plus £2 P&P.<br />

Money raised is used to support projects and<br />

conservation work in the branch area. Cheques should<br />

be made payable to ‘<strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation’ and sent<br />

to the branch Treasurer: Mrs G Rae, 11 Miller Street,<br />

Hamilton, ML37EW.<br />

<strong>2012</strong> species map updates are available to download:<br />

http://www.southwestscotland-butterflies.org.uk/butterfly_records/swscotland_butterfly_atlas<strong>2012</strong>.pdf.


Why not Moths? – They are Just as Wonderful as Butterflies<br />

A singularly lovely summer afternoon alongside a cascading burn<br />

running down to join the River Nith near its origin in Ayrshire. Around us<br />

on all sides is a maturing forestry plantation, which as part <strong>of</strong> a Wider<br />

Countryside <strong>Butterfly</strong> Survey has revealed little in the way <strong>of</strong> butterflies.<br />

Six-Spot Burnets © Jo Davis<br />

23 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

It’s a commercial monoculture that does<br />

little for biodiversity. But here in this glade,<br />

unmolested by the commercial ambitions<br />

that surround us is a natural break about<br />

200yds wide filled with a rich collection <strong>of</strong><br />

native grasses, plants, shrubs and<br />

mosses. At last some butterflies Ringlets<br />

and Green Veined Whites and here a<br />

month earlier the area was populated with<br />

Orange Tips. In six week’s time the valley<br />

will be awash with Scotch Argus. Yet<br />

these are much to be expected. More<br />

interesting are the day flying moths to be<br />

found here, all equally exquisite as their<br />

butterfly brethren.<br />

We have found an Emperor moth languishing on the heather. A<br />

Vapourer moth, Common, Twin-spot and Silver Ground Carpet<br />

moths, Barred Straw, Northern Spinach, Latticed Heath, Small<br />

Angle Shades, Chimney Sweepers, Fox Moth, Straw Dot and the<br />

ubiquitous immigrant the Silver Y have all turned out to greet us during<br />

our surveys, some in larger numbers than any <strong>of</strong> the butterflies. Best <strong>of</strong><br />

all was a stunning little moth, the Haworth’s Minor, found flying along<br />

the woodland edge on a particularly dreich afternoon.<br />

Don’t these names alone make you want to find out more and look into<br />

their lives. True some moths have the epithet ‘Drab’, but even these are<br />

qualified such as the Clouded Drab a lovely little noctuid that welcomes<br />

in the spring throughout the UK. It has very variable markings, with<br />

regional variations and graces the moth trap in my garden every April. It<br />

will in yours if you consider investing in one.<br />

So mothing is both a day and a night time activity. If you are<br />

adventurous, moths can be searched for by torch light on nectaring<br />

plants at night - try your buddleia or honeysuckle. Or by use <strong>of</strong> the<br />

sugaring technique, whereby a mixture <strong>of</strong> black treacle, brown sugar and<br />

rum is painted on tree trunks, fence posts or telegraph poles – old<br />

experts say at exactly ‘4ft 9ins’ from the ground!


The most productive method is <strong>of</strong> course a light trap, which harmlessly<br />

collects a sample <strong>of</strong> your resident moths while you sleep. You can then<br />

identify and count them at your leisure next morning. Be warned you<br />

cannot do this in a few rushed<br />

minutes, by midsummer there<br />

will be hundreds <strong>of</strong> specimens<br />

and maybe up to 50 species<br />

represented and potentially<br />

many more. Some will be frisky<br />

and try to escape, others will be<br />

especially captivating – just wait<br />

until you catch your first Garden<br />

Tiger moth or large Elephant<br />

Hawkmoth – while others will<br />

be so indistinguishable that it<br />

will take you ages to work out<br />

just which species it is!<br />

Elephant Hawkmoth © Jo Davis<br />

Your photographic skills will improve, your fridge will find a new use, you<br />

may even discover that a desperate pregnant specimen has left you the<br />

responsibility <strong>of</strong> being midwife to its brood <strong>of</strong> freshly laid eggs.<br />

Of course all these creatures are unharmed and can be let loose into the<br />

shrubbery to fly again another night. A morning examining a trap is<br />

captivating for children, who can learn how harmless they are and<br />

especially enjoy releasing these delicate creatures after their night in jail.<br />

There are excellent reference books to help with identification and more<br />

are being published in the immediate future, not to mention the<br />

availability <strong>of</strong> expert support on the web-based Scottish Moths forum.<br />

Records should be registered with the local Vice County recorder so that<br />

nationwide data can be assimilated to show trends and changes in<br />

distribution. Several moth species are extending their range into<br />

<strong>Scotland</strong> and it is very satisfying when you realise some <strong>of</strong> your<br />

sightings are unique.<br />

Even better why not become part <strong>of</strong> the UK wide Garden Moth Scheme<br />

a project requiring no expertise, just enthusiasm and a moth trap. Setting<br />

up a moth trap weekly throughout the months <strong>of</strong> March and October is<br />

providing valuable data year by year and North Britain needs more<br />

recruits. Don’t worry holidays and away days are accepted.<br />

Insects are valuable indicators <strong>of</strong> the health <strong>of</strong> our environment, and<br />

moths are more so than most. Many studies use moth light trapping to<br />

reveal the effect <strong>of</strong> agribusiness on our countryside. In Central <strong>Scotland</strong><br />

24 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


such work has revealed the value <strong>of</strong> changing farming practice in<br />

relation to hedgerows, field verges and river banks that increase the<br />

diversity <strong>of</strong> species.<br />

The work <strong>of</strong> conservation organisations such as <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation<br />

or Buglife relies on accurate information to support their discussions with<br />

an increasingly unsympathetic government. So becoming a ‘moth-er’ is<br />

not only intellectually rewarding, but reveals the changing habits <strong>of</strong> a<br />

common group <strong>of</strong> insects as well as supporting the arguments that are<br />

essential to maintain the well being <strong>of</strong> our environment and perhaps<br />

even the planet.<br />

Jo Davis<br />

....................................................................................................................<br />

2011 Dumfries & Galloway Moth Update<br />

2011 started with the first ever Checklist <strong>of</strong> Moths for Dumfries &<br />

Galloway, which was published for local moth-ers in January and was<br />

also available on our new web site www.dgmoths.org.uk as a<br />

downloadable pdf file.<br />

New micro-moth VC records totalled sixty: 23 in VC72, 13 in VC73 and<br />

24 in VC74. It was a good year for migrants with 50 records <strong>of</strong> Rusty<br />

Dot Pearl thirty records <strong>of</strong> Diamond-backed Moth and 26 records <strong>of</strong><br />

Rush Veneer, but the cream on the cake was <strong>of</strong> two pyralids and a<br />

plume moth. The migrant pyralids were Spoladea recurvalis which was<br />

trapped at MV on 1st October at Milton (VC73) and on the 4 th the same<br />

person trapped Diasemiopsis ramburialis at the same site, both moths<br />

being the second ever for <strong>Scotland</strong>. Two specimens were caught <strong>of</strong> the<br />

migrant plume Crombrugghia laeta at different sites on Luce Bay<br />

(VC74) but both on 8 th July.<br />

Regarding macros, a first for <strong>Scotland</strong> was found in Mabie Forest on 27 th<br />

July, Clay Triple-lines). A regular visitor from Hamilton caught the<br />

second ever Scottish example <strong>of</strong> Tawny Pinion at Sandgreen on the<br />

Solway coast (VC73), the first record being in 2009 at Glencaple (VC72).<br />

Another second for <strong>Scotland</strong> was a Dingy Footman (abberation.<br />

Stramineola) caught on Lochar Moss (VC72) on 9 th September.<br />

Cloaked Carpet (3 rd record) and Shore Wainscot (3 rd record) were<br />

caught at Mersehead RSPB and verified by Roy Leverton from<br />

photographs. Southern Wainscot (six records, three previously) was<br />

found at three sites, while Fen Wainscot was trapped on the Old Torr<br />

side <strong>of</strong> Auchencairn Bay concurring with former sitings from the other<br />

25 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


side <strong>of</strong> the bay. Barred Carpet was trapped at Duirsdeer in the north <strong>of</strong><br />

VC72 for our sixth record, with Brindled Ochre producing the 7 th to 9 th<br />

records.<br />

Pugs featured heavily this year with Marsh Pug being trapped twice at<br />

different sites. Previous records were from 1996 and 2005 when Scottish<br />

Entomologists’ visited the area and four specimens in the NMS from<br />

1970s and 80s.<br />

Plain Pug was recorded for the first time since 1870 when one was<br />

caught on Luce Bay (VC74) on 8 th July, while two specimens <strong>of</strong> Shaded<br />

Pug were caught at Kirkton a few days earlier for our 7 th and 8 th records.<br />

Two specimens <strong>of</strong> Oak-tree Pug were photographed, one near<br />

Palnackie, the other at Carsluith, both VC73, being the 3 rd and 4 th<br />

records. Previously found in 2002 and 2008. And, finally Sloe Pug was<br />

trapped at Durisdeer on 10 th July and verified by Roy Leverton.<br />

Work continued throughout the year on the web site to add the micromoth<br />

species accounts and this has now been achieved to a reasonable<br />

level.<br />

Currently 1,051 species have been seen in Dumfries & Galloway, 470<br />

macros and 581 micros.<br />

Keith Naylor, Moth Recorder for Dumfries & Galloway (VC72,73 ,74)<br />

....................................................................................................................<br />

2011 Stirlingshire, West Perthshire & Dunbartonshire Moth Update<br />

Micro Moths: In central <strong>Scotland</strong> we regularly see Bird Cherry trees<br />

defoliated by the larvae <strong>of</strong> Bird Cherry Ermine. We do not however<br />

usually see Spindle Ermine because Spindle, its main foodplant, is a<br />

plant <strong>of</strong> the chalky soils <strong>of</strong> southern England. However, Japanese<br />

Spindle is less calcium-dependent, is <strong>of</strong>ten grown as a garden hedge<br />

and can be an alternative foodplant for Spindle Ermine. During the<br />

summer <strong>of</strong> 2011, such a hedge at the Wickes Home Improvement Store<br />

in Stirling was totally defoliated by the larvae <strong>of</strong> Spindle Ermine - a new<br />

species for Stirlingshire.<br />

Pugs: It was a good year for pugs. There have been no records <strong>of</strong> the<br />

day-flying Marsh Pug in central <strong>Scotland</strong> since1983 until Martin<br />

Culshaw caught one near Killearn on 3 rd June and another on 14 th<br />

August. Neil Gregory caught a third on Carman Muir on 1 st September.<br />

Its preferred foodplant, Field Mouse-ear is rare, indeed probably absent<br />

from vice counties 86, 87 and 99 and it is probably feeding on Common<br />

Mouse-ear. A Bordered Pug caught by Stan Campbell on the banks <strong>of</strong><br />

the River Leven is a first ever for record vc99 and the first for the region<br />

since 1995 and the Thyme Pug has been re-found. Iain Christie first<br />

26 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


discovered this uncommon, largely coastal species in 1981 on Conic Hill<br />

near Balmaha at the south<br />

eastern corner <strong>of</strong> Loch<br />

Lomond. After multiple failed<br />

attempts to find the species<br />

on Conic Hill, the author rediscovered<br />

it on a ridge to the<br />

NW called Druim nam<br />

Buraich. On 27 th July, two<br />

hours <strong>of</strong> tapping thyme plants<br />

over a lunch box produced<br />

two small caterpillars.<br />

Thyme Pug caterpillar © John Knowler<br />

Other Geometrid Moths:<br />

Helen Dawson caught yet another Dark Spinach in her garden in Fallin,<br />

Stirlingshire on 26 th July and Martin Culshaw recorded one in Killearn on<br />

31 st . Arthur and Jane Jones recorded a Grass Emerald in Jubilee Pine<br />

Woods in the Trossachs and Lesser Treble-bar has finally made it to<br />

the Stirlingshire list. A number <strong>of</strong> previous claims have not been<br />

presented with the evidence necessary to add a new species to a vice<br />

county list but this all changed on 29 th and 30 th July when Bob Dawson<br />

found a colony associated with extensive St John’s Wort on Fallin Bing<br />

near Stirling.<br />

Hawkmoths: Norman Brodie had a very large visitor to his house in<br />

Dullatur. It was identified as Convolvulus Hawk Moth when his<br />

daughter Barbara circulated a photograph. A Narrow-bordered Bee<br />

Hawkmoth seen by Scott Shanks in a flower-rich meadow near<br />

Rosneath Point on the shores <strong>of</strong> the Firth <strong>of</strong> Clyde was the first record<br />

for the region since 1985.<br />

Noctuid Moths: Helen Dawson caught the increasingly rare Garden<br />

Dart at Fallin, Stirlingshire on 13 th August; a freshly emerged male<br />

Brindled Ochre was caught in a trap at Mugdock Country Park on 29 th<br />

September and Martin Culshaw had a Butterbur come to house lights in<br />

Killearn on 10 th September. His house is not far from patches <strong>of</strong> the<br />

foodplant on the banks <strong>of</strong> the Endrick Water where the author has run<br />

traps specifically aimed at the species but with no success. Time to look<br />

again. A single specimen <strong>of</strong> the Silky Wainscot in the collection <strong>of</strong> Iain<br />

Christie, labelled 5 th July 1985, Garlea, Dunbartonshire, was until this<br />

year the only record for the region. However, Bob Dawson recorded no<br />

less than four at Polmaise Lagoons, Stirlingshire on the 2 nd August.<br />

Furthermore, Silky Wainscot was one <strong>of</strong> many interesting species on a<br />

list that surfaced in the autumn <strong>of</strong> moths caught at Torry Burn LNR<br />

during 1999 and 2000. Torry Burn is in a finger <strong>of</strong> vc87 that sneaks<br />

along the Forth estuary from Kincardine Bridge.<br />

27 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


Impressive numbers <strong>of</strong> new species continue to move north into central<br />

<strong>Scotland</strong>. The rapid spread <strong>of</strong> Pale Pinion has already been<br />

documented. In the autumn <strong>of</strong> 2010 Stan Campbell added it to the<br />

Dunbartonshire (vc99) list and this year the author added it to the<br />

Stirlingshire (vc86) list when he caught one in a trap at Mugdock Country<br />

Park on 10 th April and another in Lennoxtown on 18 th April. Another<br />

species continuing to move north is Blair’s Shoulder-knot. It first<br />

arrived in the UK (on the Isle <strong>of</strong> Wight) in 1951. It found that its preferred<br />

larval foodplants, Lawson’s and Leyland Cypress, are common garden<br />

trees in the UK and it spread rapidly. By 1996 it had reached Cumbria<br />

and by 2001 had crossed the border into Kirkcudbrightshire. Since then,<br />

it has spread to Ayrshire, the Borders, Lothians and into Fife as far north<br />

as Anstruther so it was not unexpected when one found its way into a<br />

trap in Milgavie on 4 th November 2011.<br />

The most unexpected new<br />

arrival, however, was Buff<br />

Footman. The map in vol. 9 <strong>of</strong><br />

Moths and Butterflies <strong>of</strong> Great<br />

Britain and Ireland shows that in<br />

1978 the Buff Footman had a<br />

patchy distribution mainly south<br />

<strong>of</strong> a line from the Severn to the<br />

Wash. However, by the time<br />

that the Provisional Atlas <strong>of</strong> the<br />

UK’s Larger Moths was<br />

published in 2010 there had<br />

been considerable northward<br />

Buff Footman © John Knowler expansion into northern<br />

England and southern <strong>Scotland</strong>. In 2011 the species made it into central<br />

<strong>Scotland</strong>. The first was caught by the author at Lennoxtown on the 11 th<br />

July, another was in the catch for the 2 nd August <strong>of</strong> the Rothamsted trap<br />

at Rowardennan on Loch Lomondside and a third was caught by David<br />

Bryant at Bridge <strong>of</strong> Allan on 11 th August.<br />

Keeping up-to-date: Moth highlights for vice counties 86, 87 and 99 can<br />

be followed in the Central <strong>Scotland</strong> Moths Blog<br />

(http://centralscotlandmoths.blogspot.com/ ).<br />

JohnKnowler, Moth Recorder for Stirlingshire, West Perthshire and<br />

Dumbartonshire (VC 86, 87 and 99).<br />

28 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


2011 Mid Ebudes (Mull, Coll & Tiree) Moth Update<br />

2011 was a mixed year for Mid Ebudes with a very good early spring for<br />

lepidoptera species, but the rest <strong>of</strong> the year was less good, perhaps<br />

negatively affected by the unseasonal and very stormy weather during<br />

May. Nevertheless, four new macro moth species were added to the vc<br />

list during 2011, these being Bordered Grey, Small Clouded Brindle,<br />

Angle-barred Pug (Ash Pug) and Scallop Shell.<br />

Bordered Gray © Nick Cooke Scalloped Shell © Allan Skeates<br />

Bordered Grey (which has national status "Na") was caught by Nick<br />

Cooke on the Ross <strong>of</strong> Mull at an event organised by the Wildlife Ranger<br />

from the Mull & Iona Community Trust. Nick had two specimens in a<br />

125w MV Skinner trap and one in a 15w actinic battery trap. As well as<br />

being a first for Mid Ebudes, this record at the time was only the second<br />

Scottish record for this species this century.<br />

Small Clouded Brindle was caught by Anne Thomson trapping in her<br />

garden in Tobermory on Mull with a 25W blacklight trap. Ten days later a<br />

second record came when Mike and Helen Boothman caught one while<br />

on holiday on Coll. Mike risked life and limb by cycling round Coll and<br />

Tiree with a Skinner trap strapped to his bike.<br />

Although not a new species to the VC list, another notable record was<br />

achieved by Barry Prater who caught a Gothic in a 15w actinic trap<br />

while on holiday on Mull. This was the first vc record <strong>of</strong> that species<br />

since 1969.<br />

In addition to the macro species, first VC sightings were recorded for<br />

three micro moth species, these being Acleris abietana, Semioscopis<br />

avellanella and Apotomis betuletana.<br />

Finally some more "new" small colonies <strong>of</strong> Slender Scotch Burnet were<br />

found on Mull in 2011 and Highland <strong>Branch</strong> are hoping to organise a<br />

field trip during June this year to have a look at this unique moth.<br />

Alan Skeates, Moth Recorder for Mid-Ebudes (VC 103)<br />

29 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


2011 Moth Report for Argyll Main (Vice County 98)<br />

2011 was a good year for moths in VC98 with 990 Macro-moth records<br />

and 127 Micro-moth records. These included 8 new Macro-moth species<br />

(number <strong>of</strong> records): Black Mountain Moth (17); Flounced Rustic (1);<br />

Frosted Orange (2); Large Wainscot (1); Lempke’s Gold Spot (1);<br />

Pale Pinion (1); Plain Wave (1); and White-line Dart (2). And four new<br />

Micro-moth species: Ditula angustiorana, Eriocrania unimaculella,<br />

Pammene regiana and Mother <strong>of</strong> Pearl.<br />

Other notable records were 11 Powdered Quaker, 3 Little Emerald, 3<br />

Red-necked Footman, 4 Elephant-hawk Moth, 1 Light Arches, 2 Lunar<br />

Underwing and 3 Oak Beauty. There were also two interesting larval<br />

records. First, a larval record <strong>of</strong> the Argyll speciality, Transparent Burnet,<br />

in Glen Feochan, which demonstrates that this species can be searched<br />

for in April/May when the larvae are fully grown and not just in June/July<br />

when the adults are on the wing. Second, a larval record <strong>of</strong> the Common<br />

Footman near Oban which despite its name is not a common species<br />

with only three previous records in VC98: two in 2010 and one in 2001.<br />

There were also records <strong>of</strong> the following pugs which were notable: Larch<br />

Pug; Narrow-winged Pug; Juniper Pug; and Wormwood Pug.<br />

Many thanks are due to all recorders who contributed records in 2011<br />

but especially to Steve Petty, Carl Farmer and the Seil Natural History<br />

Group, and Dan Watson.<br />

Three moth events are currently planned in Argyll in <strong>2012</strong> on the 26 th<br />

May, 16 th June and 14 th July (see events pages for details).<br />

Andrew Masterman, Moth Recorder for Mid-Argyll (VC98)<br />

....................................................................................................................<br />

2011 Isle <strong>of</strong> Bute (VC101) moth update<br />

There were 2 highlights from the Isle <strong>of</strong> Bute this year. The Small<br />

Marbled is a small moth resident in the south <strong>of</strong> Europe, Africa and<br />

Asia. It occasionally turns up in the UK as a migrant species. Until<br />

2011, there had only been two previous records in <strong>Scotland</strong> (both in<br />

Dumfries and Galloway), then two were recorded in 2011 within a few<br />

weeks <strong>of</strong> each other. One <strong>of</strong> these was attracted to a 40W actinic in our<br />

garden in Ascog, Isle <strong>of</strong> Bute on the 7 th <strong>of</strong> July 2011. This appears to be<br />

the fourth record for <strong>Scotland</strong>, the third being in West Lothian where it<br />

was recorded by Carina Convery a couple <strong>of</strong> weeks earlier.<br />

30 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


Small Marbled © Glyn Collis Ebulea crocealis © Glyn Collis<br />

Another species in the garden trap on 27th July 2011,was the pyralid<br />

moth, Ebulea crocealis. This was first seen on Bute at the same site on<br />

12th July 2010 (photo attached). This species therefore seems to be<br />

established on Bute, which appears to be the northern most site in the<br />

UK. However, none <strong>of</strong> its known food plants (Common Fleabane or<br />

Ploughman’s Spike) have been recorded on Bute. Ebulea crocealis is<br />

known from Arran (same VC), where one <strong>of</strong> the food plants grows, but<br />

that's very different to its habitat on Bute.<br />

Glyn Collis, Moth Recorder for Bute (VC101)<br />

....................................................................................................................<br />

The Garden Moth Scheme 2011.<br />

The Garden Moth Scheme (GMS) runs from early March to early<br />

November, with people recording the numbers <strong>of</strong> around 260 species <strong>of</strong><br />

the more common moths in their gardens once a week throughout this<br />

period. Further information on the findings <strong>of</strong> the GMS for the whole <strong>of</strong><br />

the UK and Ireland, both current and historical, is available in the form <strong>of</strong><br />

annual reports and quarterly newsletters, which can be found in the<br />

Downloads section <strong>of</strong> the web-site: http://www.gardenmoths.org.uk<br />

At the time <strong>of</strong> writing (early January <strong>2012</strong>), 21 sets <strong>of</strong> results have been<br />

returned from Scottish gardens for the GMS 2011. Of these, 8 are from<br />

the <strong>Glasgow</strong> & South-west (G&<strong>SW</strong>) BC branch region, 8 from the East,<br />

and 5 from Highland (including 2 from Shetland and 1 from the Outer<br />

Hebrides).<br />

31 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


Members counted 26,696 individual moths <strong>of</strong> 228 species at an average<br />

<strong>of</strong> 1,271 per garden over 679 trapping events (ideally everyone traps<br />

once a week for 36 weeks – inevitably some weeks are missed, but<br />

these are kept to a minimum), and not including any ‘extra’ species<br />

encountered that are not on the monitored list <strong>of</strong> common moths. The<br />

figures ranged from a total <strong>of</strong> 66 on a <strong>Glasgow</strong> balcony to 5,509 in a<br />

large rural garden on South Uist.<br />

Average / garden<br />

<strong>Scotland</strong> G&<strong>SW</strong> East Highland<br />

Dark Arches 144.0 79.6 89.9 333.4<br />

True Lover's Knot 94.0 0.9 0.3 392.8<br />

Hebrew Character 89.4 27.0 173.3 55<br />

Large Yellow Underwing 82.6 91.0 69.0 90.8<br />

Common Quaker 68.5 25.0 153.6 1.8<br />

Common Rustic aggregate 42.8 28.5 48.0 57.2<br />

Square-spot Rustic 33.9 1.3 8.6 126.4<br />

Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing 31.0 21.1 58.5 3<br />

Chestnut 30.0 6.5 72.0 0.2<br />

Small Wainscot 28.2 0.6 3.3 112.2<br />

Clouded Drab 24.8 9.8 53.8 2.4<br />

Dotted Clay 24.4 23.1 37.4 5.6<br />

Lesser Yellow Underwing 21.2 14.1 34.3 11.6<br />

Antler Moth 19.1 6.0 14.8 47.2<br />

Rosy Rustic 16.5 3.5 23.3 26.4<br />

Red Chestnut 16.2 0.4 4.5 60.4<br />

Bird-cherry Ermine 15.7 5.3 35.9 0<br />

Beautiful Golden Y 13.4 6.9 8.5 31.8<br />

Agriphila tristella 13.0 8.5 18.0 12.4<br />

Burnished Brass aggregate 12.0 3.5 14.9 21<br />

Dark Arches was the commonest moth overall, occurring in every<br />

garden from Shetland to the Borders, and in triple figures in 9 / 21 <strong>of</strong><br />

them. The Scottish top 20 are shown below, along with their regional<br />

averages – figures highlighted in bold designate the regional number<br />

one species.<br />

Occasionally, a locally abundant species can occur in such large<br />

numbers in a single garden that it ends up in a high position in the charts<br />

– True Lover’s Knot is an example <strong>of</strong> this, with almost all <strong>of</strong> them<br />

recorded from South Uist.<br />

Regionally, on average Highland recorders trapped the highest number<br />

<strong>of</strong> moths, with the fewest being encountered in <strong>Glasgow</strong> & South-west,<br />

as shown below.<br />

Average / garden<br />

<strong>Scotland</strong> 1271.2<br />

G&<strong>SW</strong> 637.3<br />

East 1507.6<br />

Highland 1907.4<br />

32 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


This can be slightly misleading though, as other factors such as trap<br />

type do have an effect. The members in G&<strong>SW</strong> have a greater diversity<br />

<strong>of</strong> trap type than those in the rest <strong>of</strong> the country, with a much greater use<br />

<strong>of</strong> actinic tubes, as shown in the figure below:<br />

4<br />

3<br />

2<br />

1<br />

0<br />

Trap type by Region<br />

G<strong>SW</strong> East Highland<br />

Robinson 125W MV Skinner 125W MV Skinner 40W Actinic<br />

Skinner 15W Actinic Heath 40W Actinic Heath 15W Actinic<br />

Heath 6W Actinic Bucket 25W Actinic<br />

The top 20 for the G&<strong>SW</strong> branch region is shown below, along with their<br />

overall rank in <strong>Scotland</strong> as a whole. It is interesting to note that some<br />

species are far more common in the region than they are in other parts<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong>, notably Willow Beauty and the Marbled Minor aggregate<br />

species.<br />

Average / Rank in<br />

garden <strong>Scotland</strong><br />

Large Yellow Underwing 91.0 4<br />

Dark Arches 79.6 1<br />

Common Rustic aggregate 28.5 6<br />

Hebrew Character 27.0 3<br />

Common Quaker 25.0 5<br />

Dotted Clay 23.1 12<br />

Lesser Broad-bordered Yellow Underwing 21.1 8<br />

Heart & Dart 14.1 25<br />

Lesser Yellow Underwing 14.1 13<br />

Marbled Minor aggregate 12.1 41<br />

Clouded Drab 9.8 11<br />

Six-striped Rustic 9.5 33<br />

Double Square-spot 8.8 30<br />

Agriphila tristella 8.5 19<br />

Beautiful Golden Y 6.9 18<br />

Chestnut 6.5 9<br />

Silver Y 6.4 26<br />

Common Marbled Carpet 6.3 29<br />

Yellow-line Quaker 6.1 21<br />

Willow Beauty 6.0 82<br />

Antler Moth 6.0 14<br />

33 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


When all results for 2011 have been returned, a slightly more detailed<br />

report will be available in the <strong>Scotland</strong> section <strong>of</strong> the GMS web-site, and<br />

eventually a full Annual Report for the whole <strong>of</strong> the UK will be published<br />

and be available for download by interested parties. The GMS is still<br />

relatively new to <strong>Scotland</strong>, although it has been operating since 2003 in<br />

the West Midlands, and it will be a few years before any trends can be<br />

established in terms <strong>of</strong> ‘winners and losers’ amongst our common<br />

garden moths. There is still plenty <strong>of</strong> opportunity for new members to<br />

take part, and I would welcome enquiries from anyone, experienced<br />

moth-er or complete beginner, who would like more information on the<br />

scheme. The new recording season starts at the beginning <strong>of</strong> March,<br />

and there are lots <strong>of</strong> gaps in coverage across the country that we would<br />

like to fill, but even two different gardens in the same town can have very<br />

different moth communities, so please get in touch if you can trap<br />

regularly (at least 27 / 36 weeks) between March and November.<br />

Heather Young,<br />

GMS Co-ordinator, <strong>Scotland</strong>. heather.young@tiscali.co.uk<br />

....................................................................................................................<br />

Field Trips and Events in <strong>2012</strong><br />

Please check the branch website for further events and updates. All<br />

butterfly walks are dependent upon good weather. Check with organiser<br />

before setting <strong>of</strong>f. Non-members welcome too.<br />

If you would like to attend an event, but have difficulties with transport let<br />

us know, as there may be someone locally who can <strong>of</strong>f you a lift.<br />

If you have an idea for an event near you – whether a butterfly walk in<br />

your favourite wildlife patch or perhaps an evening <strong>of</strong> moth trapping in<br />

your back garden, please get in touch (an autumn ‘Mulled Wine and<br />

Moths’ evening anyone?). If your town or village has a summer fete or<br />

gala day, and you would be interested in running a stall to tell people<br />

about <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation’s work, please get in touch for a chat.<br />

We are keen to get more volunteers to help at our big public events.<br />

You don’t need to be an expert, just enthusiastic about butterflies<br />

(and moths too!). Even if you can only manage a few hours to<br />

ensure that everyone gets a break that would be fantastic! This is a<br />

great opportunity to gain experience in outreach- an essential skill<br />

for conservation workers and is useful on a CV too!<br />

If you are able to help at one <strong>of</strong> the public event please contact the<br />

organiser or e-mail: scottedonaldson@hotmail.co.uk.<br />

34 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


Key for event type:<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation event<br />

Non-BC event, but <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation presence<br />

Other Lepidoptera-related event<br />

Saturday 21 April<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Identification workshop.<br />

10am – 1.30pm. <strong>Glasgow</strong> Museums Resource Centre. Nitshill, <strong>Glasgow</strong>.<br />

Brush up on your <strong>Butterfly</strong> and Day-flying Moth Identification skills with a<br />

training workshop suitable for beginners (and the more experienced too!). Tea<br />

and C<strong>of</strong>fee will be available, but please take along a packed lunch. To book<br />

and for more details contact: scottshanks01@msn.com (07793052501)<br />

Saturday 19 May to 27 May<br />

Save Our Butterflies Week!<br />

Details to be confirmed<br />

Sunday 20 May<br />

Green Hairstreak <strong>Butterfly</strong> walk at Clyde Muirshiel Regional Park<br />

A walk with a ranger through the blaeberry to search for these extraordinary<br />

little butterflies. Bring a camera! Meet at the Muirshiel Visitor Centre, Calder<br />

Glen Road near Lochwinnoch Renfrewshire. 1pm-3pm. Booking is essential.<br />

Please call 01505 842 803 for more information.<br />

Saturday 26 May to Sunday 27 May<br />

Chequered Skipper Weekend<br />

Visit well known Chequered Skipper site at Glasdrum NNR, near Oban on the<br />

Saturday - Pearl-bordered may also be on the wing. On the Sunday you may<br />

wish to head <strong>of</strong>f to historical Chequered Skipper sites in North Argyll or<br />

Lochaber. If the Saturday is rained <strong>of</strong>f, the CS event will be re-scheduled for<br />

the Sunday. Meet at Glasdrum NNR car park NN001454 at 10.30AM. Moth<br />

trapping from 8.00AM. Walking boots, warm waterpro<strong>of</strong> clothing, packed<br />

lunch and water required. Ticks are present in the area so please take<br />

appropriate precautions. For further details please contact Scott Donaldson<br />

07768 156542 or scottedonaldson@hotmail.co.uk<br />

Saturday 2 June<br />

Habitat management work for Green Hairstreak and Small Pearl<br />

Bordered Fritillaries at Loch Ardinning <strong>SW</strong>T reserve, Milngavie<br />

Joint <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation/ <strong>SW</strong>T work party with reserve convener David<br />

Shenton. For further details contact Scott Shanks (07793052501) or David<br />

Shenton (0141 776 5506)<br />

Saturday 16 June<br />

Marsh Fritillary Event<br />

Meet at Taynish Mill (NR738849), Taynish NNR from 9.00am for moth<br />

35 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


trapping. Marsh Fritillary event to Tayvallich Peninsular follows at 11.00 am.<br />

Only small numbers <strong>of</strong> Marsh Fritillary are likely to be seen as few were on<br />

wing last year but this is an opportunity to visit some amazing Marsh Fritillary<br />

habitat on the Tayvallich Peninsular. If the Saturday is rained <strong>of</strong>f, event will<br />

occur on Sunday 17 June. To register, please contact John Halliday 01546<br />

603611 or john.halliday@snh.gov.uk<br />

Sunday 17 June<br />

Family Day at Loch Ardinning Wildlife Reserve<br />

Day event - Family Day at Loch Ardinning Wildlife Reserve. 11.00 am. to<br />

approx, 4.15 pm. <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation will have a stand. Wildlife Quizes,<br />

Pond dipping and minibeast hunts. Dam on east side <strong>of</strong> A81 between<br />

Milngavie and Strathblane. O.S. Map 64, grid ref. NS 563 778. For more<br />

details tel: 0141 776 5506<br />

Thursday 21 June to 23 June<br />

National Moth Night<br />

Details to be confirmed<br />

Sunday 24 June<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Day at Clyde Muirshiel Country Park<br />

A celebration <strong>of</strong> some <strong>of</strong> the most colourful members <strong>of</strong> Scottish wildlife with<br />

the opportunity to walk a transect and improve your identification skills. Meet<br />

at Castle Semple Visitor Centre. 1pm -4pm.tel 01505 842 882 Ex20 for more<br />

information and booking.<br />

Saturday 7 July<br />

Habitat management work for Green Hairstreak and Small Pearl<br />

Bordered Fritillaries at Loch Ardinning <strong>SW</strong>T reserve, Milngavie<br />

Joint <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation/ <strong>SW</strong>T work party with reserve convener David<br />

Shenton. For further details contact Scott Shanks (07793052501) or David<br />

Shenton (0141 776 5506)<br />

Saturday 14 July to Sunday 5 August<br />

The Big <strong>Butterfly</strong> Count<br />

Spend 15 minutes recording butterflies and day-flying moths in your garden,<br />

park or local nature reserve. http://www.bigbutterflycount.org/<br />

Saturday 14 July<br />

Moth Trapping Event at Glen Nant NNR: 0900-1100am<br />

Meet at Glen Nant NNR car park NN019272. Registration not required. For<br />

further enquiries, email andrewmasterman@hotmail.com<br />

Tuesday 17 July<br />

Fluttering Forage in Clyde Muirshiel Country Park<br />

A hunt for all insects that flutter and fly like dragonflies, damselflies &<br />

butterflies.Meet at the Muirshiel Visitor Centre, Calder Glen Road near<br />

Lochwinnoch Renfrewshire. 1pm – 2pm. For more information call 01505 842<br />

803, booking is essential.<br />

Saturday 28 & Sunday 29 July<br />

36 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


The <strong>Glasgow</strong> Show at <strong>Glasgow</strong> Green.<br />

An exhilarating weekend <strong>of</strong> amazing entertainment and exciting activities.<br />

With live music, dance performances, street theatre, countryside activities,<br />

children’s funfair rides and a main arena filled with international acts it’s the<br />

place to be this summer. <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation will have a display. Why not<br />

drop past and say hello, find out about current surveys and our local<br />

conservation projects, and tell us about your butterfly and moth sightings.<br />

Saturday 4 August<br />

Pollok Park Family Day, <strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

10am- 5pm. This fantastic free family event in Pollok Park, <strong>Glasgow</strong> has been<br />

running for over 30 years. Featuring a host <strong>of</strong> entertainment acts, displays<br />

and activities to satisfy even the most demanding family members. <strong>Butterfly</strong><br />

Conservation will once again be running a stall. Drop past to find out about<br />

current surveys, our local conservation projects and to tell us about your<br />

butterfly and moth sightings.<br />

Friday 10 August<br />

Marvellous Moths at the Clyde Muirshiel Country Park<br />

A mercury lamp is used to attract the moths and a range <strong>of</strong> patterned,<br />

colourful and friendly insects may be expected. Moths are very photogenic, so<br />

bring a camera and perhaps take part in the CMRP photo competition! At<br />

Barnbrock Farm, Park HQ, Near Kilbarchan. 9pm - 10.30pm. Please call<br />

01505 614 791 for more information and bookings.<br />

Friday 7 September<br />

Marvellous Moths at the Clyde Muirshiel Country Park<br />

A mercury lamp is used to attract the moths and a range <strong>of</strong> patterned,<br />

colourful and friendly insects may be expected. Moths are very photogenic, so<br />

bring a camera and perhaps take part in the CMRP photo competition! At<br />

Barnbrock Farm, Park HQ, Near Kilbarchan. 8pm - 9.30pm. Please call 01505<br />

614 791 for more information and bookings.<br />

Saturday 10 October<br />

Wester Moss Action Day, Fallin, Stirlingshire<br />

Joint <strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation/Stirlingshire ranger event to remove invasive<br />

scrub & conifers from the Wester Moss SSSI raised bog. We will meet at<br />

10.30am at the outdoor mining museum car park (Grid Ref: NS 836907<br />

/Postcode approx FK7 7GY), and the work will involve pulling up and/or<br />

cutting pine saplings that are invading the bog. Please come along for as<br />

much <strong>of</strong> the day as you can. Bring wellies, waterpro<strong>of</strong>s and old clothes, a hot<br />

drink and packed lunch. Please bring small bowsaws and/or loppers if you<br />

have them. Contact Paul Kirkland pkirkland@butterfly-conservation.org<br />

37 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>


County moth recorders in South West <strong>Scotland</strong><br />

Please send any records <strong>of</strong> moths from the branch area to the local<br />

moth recorder shown below. If you are not sure <strong>of</strong> the species ID, try to<br />

get a photograph and send it with the location and date to:<br />

VC 72, 73 & 74 Dumfries-shire,<br />

Kirkcudbrightshire & Wigtownshire<br />

Keith Naylor,<br />

c/o Dumfries and Galloway<br />

Environmental Resources Centre,<br />

7 Church Crescent,<br />

Dumfries, DG1 1DF<br />

mothrecorder@dgerc.org.uk<br />

VC77 Lanarkshire & <strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

Richard Weddle<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong> Museum Resource Centre,<br />

200 Woodhead Road,<br />

South Nitshill Industrial Estate,<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong>, G53 7NN<br />

richard.weddle@tiscali.co.uk<br />

VC98 Argyll Main<br />

Andrew Masterman<br />

Flat 1/3, 214 Calder Street<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong>, G42 7PE<br />

0141 4231336<br />

andrewmasterman@hotmail.com<br />

VC100 Isle <strong>of</strong> Bute & Inchmarnock<br />

Glyn Colis<br />

Seasgar,<br />

Ascog<br />

Isle <strong>of</strong> Bute,PA20 9ET<br />

glyn@butemuseum.org<br />

VC100 Little Cumbrae & Great<br />

Cumbrae<br />

Neil Gregory<br />

(details as above)<br />

VC102 South Ebudes<br />

John Armitage<br />

Airigh Sgallaidh, Portnahaven<br />

Isle <strong>of</strong> Islay,Argyll, PA47 7SZ<br />

jsa@orquest.plus.com<br />

38 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

VC75 & 76 Ayrshire,<br />

Inverclyde & Renfrewshire<br />

Neil Gregory<br />

32 Oldhall Drive<br />

Kilmacolm, PA13 4RF<br />

01505 874275<br />

droitwich@btinternet.com<br />

VC86 & 87 Stirlingshire,<br />

West Perthshire (with<br />

Clackmannanshire)<br />

John Knowler<br />

3 Balfleurs Street, Milngavie<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong>, G62 8HW:<br />

john.knowler@ntlworld.com<br />

VC 99 Dunbartonshire<br />

John Knowler<br />

(details as above)<br />

VC100 Arran, Holy Isle &<br />

Pladda<br />

Kate Sampson, Senior Ranger<br />

National Trust for <strong>Scotland</strong><br />

Brodick Country Park,<br />

Isle <strong>of</strong> Arran, KA27 8HY<br />

01770 302462<br />

ksampson@nts.org.uk<br />

VC101 Kintyre<br />

Helen Bibby<br />

Gowanlea, Kilduskland Road<br />

Ardrishaig, Argyll, PA30 8EH<br />

gowanlea4@btinternet.com<br />

VC103 Mid Ebudes<br />

Alan Skeates<br />

Dunellen, Craignure<br />

Isle <strong>of</strong> Mull, Argyll, PA65 6AY<br />

alanskeates@btinternet.com


<strong>Glasgow</strong> and <strong>SW</strong> <strong>Scotland</strong> <strong>Branch</strong> Committee <strong>2012</strong><br />

Chairman<br />

Scott Shanks<br />

Flat 1/2 113 Haugh Road<br />

Yorkhill, <strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

G3 8XT<br />

07793052501<br />

scottshanks01@msn.com<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Recorder<br />

Scott Shanks<br />

Flat 1/2 113 Haugh Road<br />

Yorkhill, <strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

G3 8XT<br />

07793052501<br />

scottshanks01@msn.com<br />

Events Coordinator<br />

Scott Donaldson<br />

103 Earlbank Avenue<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

G14 9DY<br />

0141 959 5221<br />

scottedonaldson@hotmail.co.uk<br />

Committee Member<br />

Paul Mapplebeck<br />

29 Main Road,<br />

Elderslie, Johnstone<br />

PA5 9BA<br />

01505 348024<br />

Paulm3@ntlworld.com<br />

Web Master<br />

Andrew Masterman<br />

Flat 1/3, 214 Calder Street<br />

<strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

G42 7PE<br />

0141 432 1336<br />

andrewmasterman@hotmail.com<br />

Treasurer<br />

Gillian Rae<br />

11 Miller Street<br />

Hamilton<br />

ML37EW<br />

01698 458398<br />

39 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong><br />

gillian.rae@blueyonder.co.uk<br />

Secretary<br />

Jo Davis<br />

8 Bonnington Avenue<br />

Lanark<br />

ML11 9AL<br />

01555 663485<br />

jo.davis60@btinternet.com<br />

Newsletter Editor<br />

Stephanie Holbein<br />

03 Spruce Drive<br />

Lenzie, <strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

G66 4DW<br />

0141 578 6302<br />

Steph_holbein@hotmail.co.uk<br />

Committee Member<br />

Richard Sutcliffe<br />

68, Rowan Drive<br />

Bearsden, <strong>Glasgow</strong><br />

0141 942 1563<br />

Committee member<br />

Marianne Ward<br />

mariannefox1@yahoo.co.uk


<strong>Glasgow</strong> and South West <strong>Scotland</strong> Website:<br />

www.southwestscotland-butterflies.org.uk<br />

www.facebook.com/saving.scottish.butterflies<br />

http://twitter.com/BC_<strong>SW</strong><strong>Scotland</strong><br />

Female Wall, basking<br />

© Scott Shanks<br />

<strong>Butterfly</strong> Conservation. Company Limited by Guarantee.<br />

Registered in England (2206468). Registered Office: Manor Yard, East<br />

Lulworth, Wareham, Dorset, BH20 5QP. Charity registered in England &<br />

Wales (254937) and <strong>Scotland</strong> (SCO39268)<br />

40 On the Spot – April <strong>2012</strong>

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