Ivermectin for onchocercal eye disease (river blindness) (Review)
Ivermectin for onchocercal eye disease (river blindness) (Review)
Ivermectin for onchocercal eye disease (river blindness) (Review)
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(Continued)<br />
Proportion with corneal microfilarial<br />
count > 1<br />
4. Clinical<br />
17/285 61/263 0.21 (0.12,0.37)<br />
Abiose 1993 Dadzie 1989 Taylor 1988 Whitworth 1991<br />
Outcome n/N in ivermectin group,<br />
n/N in placebo<br />
group. One or more doses<br />
(max four) over 3 years.<br />
Mean duration of followup<br />
2.54 years (range 1.41<br />
to 3.25)<br />
Punctate keratitis Not reported “At one year all ivermectin<br />
treated groups showed<br />
a zero level whilst the<br />
placebo treated group was<br />
at 50% of the level be<strong>for</strong>e<br />
treatment”<br />
Figures are geometric<br />
means at baseline<br />
(be<strong>for</strong>e treatment)and 12<br />
months after one dose of<br />
ivermectin<br />
Number<br />
of punctate opacities:<br />
baseline 0.8 (ivermectin)<br />
1.2 (placebo): 12 months<br />
0.1 (ivermectin)and 1.0 (<br />
placebo).<br />
Sclerosing keratitis Not reported Not reported In a subsample of 39 participants<br />
with severe ocular<br />
onchocerciasis, there<br />
was a progression of sclerosing<br />
keratitis in 2/9<br />
(22.2%) participants in<br />
the placebo group compared<br />
to 0/30 (0%) in<br />
the ivermectin group (OR<br />
0.18, 95% CI 0.01 to<br />
4.29).<br />
Iridocyclitis Not reported 7/116<br />
in ivermectin group and<br />
0/38 placebo group had<br />
mild iridocyclitis that resolved<br />
by 3 months after<br />
treatment and left no sequelae.<br />
Chorioretinitis Not reported “No new lesions were observed<br />
in the fundus of the<br />
<strong>eye</strong>.”<br />
<strong>Ivermectin</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>onchocercal</strong> <strong>eye</strong> <strong>disease</strong> (<strong>river</strong> <strong>blindness</strong>) (<strong>Review</strong>)<br />
Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.<br />
“no ivermectin-treated<br />
patients had uveitis at the<br />
three year examination”.(<br />
NOTE: placebo group<br />
given ivermectin at 12<br />
months)<br />
New or progression of<br />
retinal pigment epithelium<br />
atrophy (an early<br />
n/N in ivermectin group,<br />
n/N in placebo group at<br />
after 4 six-monthly doses<br />
of ivermectin i.e. 2 yrs<br />
follow-up risk ratio (RR)<br />
(95% confidence intervals)<br />
One<br />
or more punctate opacities<br />
27/288 (ivermectin)<br />
and 75/263 (placebo) RR<br />
0.33 (0.22 to 0.49)<br />
83/293 (ivermectin)<br />
and 93/267 (placebo) RR<br />
0.74 (0.52 to 1.06)<br />
39/291 (ivermectin)<br />
and 57/263 (placebo) RR<br />
0.62 (0.43 to 0.90)<br />
Chorioretinitis 28/278 (<br />
ivermectin)15/250<br />
(placebo) RR 1.75 (0.91<br />
20
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